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Silas Creek Stream Restoration
Final 2007 Monitoring Report
Monitoring Year Four
Submitted to: NCDENR-Ecosystem Enhancement Program
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652
Prepared by: URS Corporation - North Carolina
1600 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite 400
Morrisville, NC 27560
Project Designed by: Buck Engineering
1152 Executive Circle Drive Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
Submitted: February 22, 2008
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PROGRAM
Ecosystem Enhancement Program Project Number 00335
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
' 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY/PROJECT ABSTRACT ....................................................................1
2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................... .3
' 2.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................ . 3
2.2 PROJECT STRUCTURE, MITIGATION TYPE, AND APPROACH ................................... . 3
2.3 LOCATION AND SETTING ................................................................................................... 4
2.4 PROJECT HISTORY AND BACKGROUND 6
.........................................................................
2.5 MONITORING PLAN VIEW ........................
3.0 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS ...................................................... 15
' 3.1 VEGETATION ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 15
3.1.1 Vegetative Problem Areas .......................................................................................... 15
3.1.2 Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View ........................................................................ 15
' 3.2 STREAM ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................................... 16
3.2.1 Procedural Items ........................................................................................................ 16
3.2.1.1 Morphometric Criteria ........................................................................................ 16
3.2.1.2 Hydrologic Criteria .............................................................................................
3.2.1.3 Bank Stability Assessment ................................................................................. 16
16
3.2.2 Stream Current Condition Plan View Areas ............................................................... 16

' 3.2.3 Fixed Photo Station Photos ........................................................................................
3.2.4 Stability Assessment ................................................................................................... 16
16
3.2.5 Quantitative Measures Tables (Morphology and Hydrology) .................................... 17
' 4.0 METHODOLOGY SECTION ....................................................................................................... 28
4.1 STREAM METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................. 28
4.2 VEGETATION METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 28
5.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................29
FIGURES
' Figure 1. .
..
5
Project Vicinity ..........................................................................
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View ........................................... _
............
...................... 8-14
Figure 3a. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View - Reach 1 ............ .....................Appendix A-III
' Figure 3b.
Figure 3c. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View - Reach 2 ............
Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View - Reach 3 ............ .....................Appendix A-III
.....................Appendix A-III
Figure 4a. Stream Current Condition Plan View - Reach 1 ............. .......................Appendix B-I

' Figure 4b.
Figure 4c. Stream Current Condition Plan View - Reach 2 .............
Stream Current Condition Plan View - Reach 3 ............ .......................Appendix B-I
........................Appendix B-I
Figure 4d. Stream Current Condition Plan View - Buena Vista Bran ch .....................Appendix B-I
' TABLES
Table I. Project Restoration Components .............................. .......................................4
Table II.
Table III. Project Activity and Reporting History ......................
Project Contacts Table ......................................... .......................................6
.......................................6
Table IV. Project Background Table ...........................................................................7
Table Va.
Table Vb. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment - Silas Creek .....................16
- Buena Vista Branch .......... 17
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00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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' Table VIa. Baseline Morphology and Hydraulic Summary - Silas Creek ................................18
Table VIb. Baseline Morphology and Hydraulic Summary - Buena Vista Branch ......................20
Table VIIa-I.
Table VIIa-2. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary ...:.............................:: ...........22
Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary ... .23
Table VIIa-3. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary .............................. ................24

' Table VIIb. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary -
Buena Vista Branch ...................................................................
...............25
Table VIIc. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary -
Silas Creek .............................................................................. ...............26
Table VIId. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary -
' Buena Vista Branch ................................................................... ...............27
Table AI. Vegetation Metadata .................................................................. .Appendix A-1
' Table A2.
Table A3. Vegetation Vigor by Species ...............................::::: .::::.....::::....
Vegetation Damage by Species.......... .Appendix A-I
.Appendix A-I
Table A4. Vegetation Damage by Plot ......................................................... .Appendix A-1

' Table A5.
Table A6a. Stem Count by Plot and Species .....................................................Appendix A-I
Vegetative Problem Area Table - Reach I .........................................Appendix A-1
Table Abb. Vegetative Problem Area Table - Reach 2 .............................................. .Appendix A-I
Table A6c. Vegetative Problem Area Table - Reach 3 ........................................ .Appendix A-I
Table A6d. Vegetative Problem Area Table - Buena Vista Branch ......................... .Appendix A-I
' Table B I a. Stream Problem Areas Table - Reach 1 ............................................Appendix B-II
Table B 1 b. Stream Problem Areas Table - Reach 2 ............................................Appendix B-II
' Table B 1 c.
Table B 1 d. Stream Problem Areas Table - Reach 3 ...........................................
Stream Problem Areas Table - Buena Vista Branch ............................. .Appendix B-II
.Appendix B-II
Table 132a. Visual Morphological Stability Assessment - Silas Creek .......................... Appendix B-V
Table 132b. Visual Morphological Stability Assessment - Buena Vista Branch .............. Appendix B-V
' APPENDICE
Appendix A S
Vegetation Raw Data
1. Vegetation Survey Data Tables
II. Vegetative Problem Area Photos
III. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View
IV. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
' Appendix B Geomorphic Raw Data
1. Stream Current Condition Plan View
II. Stream Problem Areas Data Tables
III. Representative Stream Current Condition Photos

' IV. Stream Photo Station Photos
V. Visual Morphological Stability Assessment
VI. Cross Section Photos and Annual Overlays of Plots
' VII. Pebble Count Frequency Distribution Plots

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1 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2108

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY/PROJECT ABSTRACT
' URS Corporation (URS) was retained by the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) to
conduct stream monitoring at the Silas Creek stream restoration project, located in Winston-Salem,
Forsyth County, North Carolina. The stream monitoring effort conducted by URS in August 2007
' represents Monitoring Year 4 for this project. Prior to the monitoring effort, URS received a digital As-
Built drawing for the project site from EEP. In addition, URS received a Mitigation Plan prepared by
Buck Engineering (Buck 2004), a Year 1 Monitoring Report produced by Buck Engineering (Buck 2005),
and a Year 2 Monitoring Report prepared by EcoLogic Associates, P.C. (EcoLogic 2006). URS produced
' the Year 3 Monitoring Report in January of 2007 (URS 2007).
The Silas Creek project is located within the city limits of Winston-Salem in a heavily developed, urban
' watershed. The project reach is situated within Shaffner Park, where Silas Creek crosses Silas Creek
Parkway, near the intersection of Silas Creek Parkway and Yorkshire Road. The project reach crosses
under two major roads and is confined by water, sewer and other underground utilities, overhead power
' lines, and a well used urban greenway.
In 2003, EEP restored 4,449 linear feet of stream along three reaches of Silas Creek (Reaches 1, 2, and 3)
and one reach of Buena Vista Branch. According to the Mitigation Plan, prior to the restoration activities
' the project reach had low sinuosity with varying levels of incision due to historic channelization. The
Priority 2 and 3 restoration converted the impaired channels into sinuous channels, where possible
(mostly on the tributary). Rock and log crossvanes, single arm vanes, channel width restrictors, and rock
toe protection root wads (tributary only) were incorporated for aquatic habitat enhancement and bed and
bank stability. A riparian buffer was planted using native vegetation. The buffer ranged from 15 to 25
feet in width, dependent upon space and easement limitations.
' No Vegetative Problem Areas were identified during 2005 monitoring (Year 2). During 2006 monitoring
(Year 3), Mimosa (Albizia julibrissin), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), porcelain berry
(Ampelopsis brevipedunculata), Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora),
' bamboo (Phyllostachys aurea), tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), and kudzu (Pueraria montana) were
present in varying densities throughout the site. During 2007 monitoring (Year 4), populations of the
non-native, invasive floral species listed above remained, and, in some cases, the populations had grown
in size. Several mimosa and privet saplings were observed along all reaches. In addition, mimosa was
observed along Buena Vista Branch and Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) was observed along
Reach 2. Taxonomy follows `Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas' (Weakley
' 2007).
Between the 2007 Initial Assessment and Project Status Report and 2007 monitoring, beavers have
moved into Buena Vista Branch. Two large beaver dams were observed along the reach (one damaged,
' the other in-tact). Beaver activity is evident along the entirety of the upstream portions of Buena Vista
Branch. The upstream 500 feet of the reach has been used for forage for the large beaver dam present at
Station 15+00. Much of the streamside livestakes have been removed for use in their dam. Beaver
' `slides' were also observed throughout the reach and are promoting bank erosion and instability. In
addition to the detrimental effect they are having on streamside vegetation, the dam has backed water up
within the majority of the project reach. Upstream of the dam, the channel has widened, deepened, and
' become almost stagnant. Beaver activity is also impacting water quality within Buena Vista Branch and,
ultimately, Silas Creek. The water above and below the dam is extremely turbid. At the confluence of
Buena Vista Branch and Silas Creek, the path of the turbid water entering Silas Creek from Buena Vista
Branch can be seen from several feet away.
The Silas Creek restoration project is overall functioning fairly well, especially considering the highly
urbanized watershed and flashy hydrology. However, beaver activity on Buena Vista Branch may begin
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' 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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' to cause larger problems if not managed effectively. During 2007 monitoring a beaver was observed
swimming in Reach 2 of Silas Creek, downstream of the confluence with Buena Vista Branch.
Reach 1 is exhibiting an inability to transport sediment in some areas. As a result, the reach shows signs
of aggradation and bar formation. In addition, several cross vanes are not functioning correctly, possibly
' due to improper construction. Reach 2 has undergone downcutting in the lower part of the reach.
Blockage at the downstream box culverts is causing some of the cross vanes in this section to be
underwater during normal daily flows. Reach 3 is exhibiting bank erosion and scour in several areas
along the reach.
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' 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS
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2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND
2.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
The restoration of Silas Creek was conducted as a Priority 3 Restoration by changing the channel
dimension to allow for the construction of a bankfull bench and the addition of rock structures to stabilize
the channel and increase the in-stream channel diversity of riffles and pools. The Buena Vista Branch
restoration was a Priority 2 and 3 and included building a bankfull bench in the upper reach, changing the
channel pattern and profile, and installing stone structures and root wads. Prior to restoration, Silas Creek
had failing banks, unstable plan form and cross sectional geometry, little or no riparian buffer, and poor
bed morphology, diversity, and aquatic habitat. The goals of the Silas Creek restoration project were
listed in the 2004 Year 1 Monitoring Report as:
1. Restore 4,449 linear feet of channel dimension, pattern, and profile to the extent possible
considering project constraints, watershed characteristics and data from reference reaches in
similar watersheds.
2. Improve floodplain functionality by matching floodplain elevations with bankfull stage,
therefore increasing watershed attenuation and reducing peak flows.
3. Stabilize native floodplain vegetation to allow treatment of diffuse storm flow and nutrient
uptake while establishing part of a wildlife corridor in the watershed.
4. Improve the natural aesthetics of the stream corridor.
5. Improve the water quality of the Silas Creek watershed by reducing bank erosion, increasing
nutrient storage and uptake, and increasing dissolved oxygen in the system.
2.2 PROJECT STRUCTURE, MITIGATION TYPE, AND APPROACH
The Priority 2 and 3 restoration involved converting the impaired channels into sinuous channels, where
possible (mostly on the tributary). Rock and log crossvanes, single arm vanes, channel width restrictors,
and rock toe protection root wads (tributary only) were installed for aquatic habitat enhancement and bed
and bank stability. A riparian buffer was planted using native vegetation.
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

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Table I. Project Restoration Components
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
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Silas Creek - 999 El PIII 970 0+00 to 4+50 Cut new floodplain,
Reach 1 restoration of
incised channel
Silas Creek - 897 El PIII 915 4+50 to 70+00 Cut new floodplain,
Reach 2 restoration of
incised channel
Silas Creek - 1,771 El PIII 1,807 0+00 to 25+00 Cut new floodplain,
Reach 3 restoration of
incised channel
Buena Vista 782 R PII 799 0+00 to 15+00 Change dimension,
Branch &III pattern, and rofile
Note: Existing feet, Mitigation Type, and Stationing were derived from the Monitoring
Footage was derived from the Year 3 longitudinal profiles.
R= Restoration P1= Priority I El= Enhancement I
Ell= Enhancement II PIII= Priority III S= Stabilization
Year 2 Report, Linear
PII= Priority II
SS= Stream Bank
Stabilization
2.3 LOCATION AND SETTING
' The Silas Creek project is located within the city limits of Winston-Salem in a heavily developed urban
watershed. The project reach is within Shaffner Park, located where Silas Creek crosses Silas Creek
Parkway, near the intersection of Silas Creek Parkway and Yorkshire Road (Figure 1). The project
crosses under two major roads and is confined by water, sewer and other underground utilities, overhead
power lines, and a well used urban greenway. The project restored three reaches of Silas Creek and one
reach of Buena Vista Branch. The reaches are divided as follows: Reach 1 of Silas Creek begins just
upstream of the pedestrian bridge upstream/north of Yorkshire Road, and ends at the Yorkshire Road
crossing. Reach 1 is 970 feet in length. Reach 2 of Silas Creek begins at Yorkshire Road and ends at the
Silas Creek Parkway crossing. Reach 2 is 915 feet in length. Reach 3 of Silas Creek begins at Silas
Creek Parkway and ends at a pedestrian bridge southwest of Silas Creek Parkway. Reach 3 is 1,807 feet
in length. Buena Vista Branch is a tributary to Silas Creek. It is approximately 799 feet in length and
joins Silas Creek between Yorkshire Road and Silas Creek Parkway (within Reach 2). Lengths are
derived from the Year 3 longitudinal profiles.
' To travel to the site from the Raleigh-area, take I-40 West towards Winston-Salem. Take Exit 188 onto I-
40/US-421 South towards Winston-Salem. Take the Silas Creek Parkway/NC-67 West exit. The
project reach is located in Shaffer Park, just north of Country Club Road. Reaches 1 and 2 and Buena
Vista Branch are located east of Silas Creek Parkway. Reach 3 is west of Silas Creek Parkway.

1 ,
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

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Prepared By: Prepared For: Project:
URS Cor tion - North Carolina
pora
1600 Perimeter Park Drive
s.ta4oo NC Ecosystem

Enhancement Program

Silas Creek
Monitoring Year:

Legend
Figure 1

Morriaville, NC 27560 Stream Restoration 4(2007) Project Vicinity
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Forsyth County, NC
Project Reach
Project Number: Date: 0 0.25 0.5 1
00335 February 2008 Miles

1
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2.4 PROJECT HISTORY AND BACKGROUND
The Silas Creek restoration project was constructed during the spring and summer of 2003. The As-built
survey was conducted in October of 2003.
The pre-restoration stream channels had low sinuosity and varying levels of incision due to historic
channelization. The stream restoration design was based on natural channel design principals and
considered differences in drainage area, adjacent land uses, upstream impoundments, and future
development potential. The design addressed the channel dimension, pattern, and profile based on
reference reach parameters and hydraulic geometry relationships. When considering design alternatives,
every effort was made to create a stable meandering channel with bankfull stage located at the existing
floodplain elevation. Where valley or development restrictions did not allow for channel pattern to be
established, the existing incised channels were enhanced by excavating new floodplain benches and
installing structures to improve bed features and control channel grade.
Table II. Project Activity and Reporting History
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335

Activity or Report Scheduled
Completion Data Collection
Complete Actual
Completion or
Delivery
Restoration Plan Unknown Unknown Unknown
Design 90% Unknown Unknown Unknown
Construction 2003 Fall 2003 Fall 2003
Planting 2003 January 2004 January 2004
As-Built/Mitigation Report 2003 Fall 2003 Fall 2003
Year 1 Monitoring 2005 October 2004 February 2005
Year 2 Monitoring 2005 September 2005 Aril 2006
Year 3 Monitoring 2006 October 2006 December 2006
Year 4 Monitoring 2007 August 2007 September 2007
Year 5 Monitoring 2008 --
Year + Monitoring Not scheduled -- --
Table III. Project Contacts Table
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Designer Buck Engineering
1152 Executive Circle, Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
Primary project design POC Will Harmon 919-463-5488
Construction Contractor North State Environmental
2889 Lowery Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Construction contractor POC Darryl Westmoreland 336-725-2010
Planting Contractor North State Environmental
2889 Lowery Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Planting contractor POC Darryl Westmoreland 336-725-2010
6
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
i

1

1

Seeding Contractor
Seeding contractor POC Unknown
2004 Monitoring Performers Buck Engineering
1152 Executive Circle, Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
Will Harmon 919-463-5488
2005 Monitoring Performers EcoLogic Associates, P.C.
4321-A S. Elm-Eugene St.
Greensboro, NC 27406
Stream Monitoring POC Kyle Hoover 336-335-1108
Vegetation Monitoring POC Moni Bates 336-335-1108
2006 Monitoring Performers URS Corporation - North Carolina
1600 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite 400
Morrisville, NC 27560
Monitoring POC Kathleen McKeithan 919-461-1597
2007 Monitoring Performers URS Corporation - North Carolina
1600 Perimeter Park Drive, Suite 400
Morrisville, NC 27560
Monitoring POC Kathleen McKeithan 919-461-1597
Table IV. Project Background Table
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Project County Forsyth County
Drainage Area Silas Creek 7.2 square miles
Buena Vista Branch 1.4 s uare miles
Drainage impervious cover estimate % Estimated at >25%
Stream Order Silas Creek 3`
Buena Vista Branch IA
Ph sio a hic Region Piedmont/Foothills
Ecore ion Northern Inner Piedmont 45b
Ros en Classification of As-Built Silas Creek B4c
Buena Vista Branch E4
Dominant soil types Wehadkee, Chewacla, Urban land
Reference site ID Unknown
USGS HUC for Project 03040103
NCDW Sub-basin for Project 03-07-06
NCDW classification for Project C
An portion of an project segment 303d listed? No
Any portion of any project segment upstream of a 303d
listed segment? No
Reasons for 303d listin or stressor NA
% of project easement fenced 0% - no cattle in reach
I 2.5 MONITORING PLAN VIEW
See following sheets for the Monitoring Plan View.
1

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1 3.0 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS
' 3.1 VEGETATION ASSESSMENT
3.1.1 Vegetative Problem Areas
' No Vegetative Problem Areas were identified during 2005 monitoring (Year 2). During 2006 monitoring
(Year 3), mimosa, Japanese honeysuckle, porcelain berry, Chinese privet, multiflora rose, bamboo, tree of
heaven, and kudzu were present in varying densities throughout the site. During 2007 monitoring (Year
4), populations of the non-native, invasive floral species listed above remained, and, in some cases, the
' populations had grown in size. Several mimosa and privet saplings were observed along all reaches. In
addition, mimosa was observed along Buena Vista Branch and Japanese knotweed was observed along
Reach 2.
' Planted vegetation along Buena Vista Branch has been impacted by the presence of beavers. Two large
beaver dams were observed along the reach (one damaged, the other in-tact). Beaver activity is evident
' along the entirety of the upstream portions of Buena Vista Branch. Beaver are taking both planted and
non-planted stems for use in dams.
Populations of non-native, invasive floral species should be monitored due to their propensity to
' outcompete and ovewhelm the more desirable native vegetation planted during restoration. However,
survival and proliferation of planted stems along all reaches appears to be successful. Due to the urban
nature of this project, it would be extremely difficult to prevent the growth of common invasive species.
The large population of kudzu at the upstream portion of Reach 3 appears to be growing. Management of
this population may prevent the spread of the plant throughout Reach 3.
' Areas with beaver damage and/or high densities of one or more invasive species were identified as
Vegetative Problem Areas and are described in Tables A6a to A6c in Appendix A-I. Seventeen
Vegetative Problem Areas were identified along Silas Creek. Two Vegetative Problem Areas were
observed on Buena Vista Branch. Vegetative Problem Area Photographs are located in Appendix A-II.
3.1.2 Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View
See Figure 3 in Appendix A-I11 for the Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View.

1
1
1
15
1 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

1
3.2 STREAM ASSESSMENT
3.2.1 Procedural Items
3.2.1.1 Morphometric Criteria
Dimension and profile were sampled at a rate as per the March 2004 Mitigation Plan completed by Buck
Engineering.
Dimension: Nine permanent cross sections are located on Silas Creek for a total of five riffles and four
pools. Two permanent cross sections, a riffle and a pool, are located on Buena Vista Branch.
Profile: Per the March 2004 Mitigation Plan completed by Buck Engineering, a longitudinal profile
survey is not required for Monitoring Year 4 for this project.
3.2.1.2 Hydrologic Criteria
No crest gages are installed at this site to document bankfull events. There are no USGS stream gage
stations located in the vicinity of the site.
3.2.1.3 Bank Stability Assessments
A detailed BEHI and NBS assessment was not required for the Silas Creek Restoration site during this
monitoring year. According to the 2006 Monitoring Guidelines (EEP 2006), an assessment is required
during year 5, post construction only.
3.2.2 Stream Current Condition Plan view
The Stream Current Condition Plan View, data tables, and photos are located in Appendices B-1, B-11, and
B-III, respectively.
3.2.3 Fixed Photo Station Photos
Fixed Photo Station Photos are located in Appendix B-IV.
3.2.4 Stability Assessment
Table Va. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment (% Functioning)
Reaches 1, 2, and 3 - Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Feature Initial* MY-01** MY-02** MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Riffle 100 N/A N/A 70 70
B. Pool 100 N/A N/A 95 100
C.Thalwe 100 N/A N/A 100 90
D. Meanders 100 N/A N/A 100 100
E. Bed General 100 N/A N/A 95 95
F. Bank Condition 100 N/A N/A 98 90
G. Vanes / J Hooks 100 N/A N/A 61 61
H. Wads and Boulders 100 N/A N/A 100 100
* It is assumed that all were 100 percent functional upon completion of construction
** No stability data are presented in previous reports
16
1 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

1
1
1
1
Table Vb. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment (% Functioning)
Buena Vista Branch - Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Feature Initial* MY-01** MY-02** MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Riffle 100 N/A N/A 78 27
B. Pool 100 N/A N/A 90 29
C. Thalwe 100 N/A N/A 86 29
D. Meanders 100 N/A N/A 100 100
E. Bed General 100 N/A N/A 93 93
F. Bank Condition 100 N/A N/A 99 99
G. Vanes / J Hooks 100 N/A N/A 67 42
H. Wads and Boulders 100 N/A N/A 100 100
* It is assumed that all were 100 percent functional upon completion of construction
** No stability data are presented in previous reports
3.2.5 Quantitative Measures Tables (Morphology and Hydrology)
17
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report
URS
2/08

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r 4.0 METHODOLOGY SECTION
All monitoring methodologies follow the most current templates and guidelines provided by EEP.
Photographs were taken at high resolution using an Olympus Stylus 4.0 megapixel digital camera. GPS
location information was collected using a Trimble Geo XT handheld mapping grade GPS unit. GPS
locations were collected on both banks of each cross section and on all four corners of each vegetation
' plot during Year 3 monitoring. Stream and vegetation problem areas were noted in the field on As-Built
Plan Sheets. Permanent photo station photographs were taken from locations marked in the Monitoring
Year 2 Report, prepared by EcoLogic Associates.
' 4.1 STREAM METHODOLOGY
The methods used to generate the data in this report are standard fluvial geomorphology techniques as
described in Applied River Morphology (Rosgen 1996) and related publications from US Forest Service
' and the interagency Stream Mitigation Guidelines (USACE 2003). URS' field morphological survey was
conducted using a Topcon PL-1-13C Rotating Laser and the data were analyzed and displayed using the
Reference Reach Spreadsheet, Version 4.21, (Mecklenburg 2006). Modified Wolman weighted pebble
counts were conducted for each reach. Photographs were taken at each cross section. A photo was taken
from the left bank towards the right bank, and from the right bank towards the left bank.
4.2 VEGETATION METHODOLOGY
Two vegetation plots were established by Buck Engineering in 2003. These two plots were also
evaluated for Monitoring Year 1 in 2004. In 2005, EcoLogic established 14 10-meter by 10-meter
vegetation plots. Per EEP's 2006 guidance, 7 of the 14 monitoring plots established by EcoLogic were
inventoried during 2006 and 2007 (MY3 and MY4).
Vegetation monitoring methods followed the 2006, Version 4.0 CVS-EEP Protocol for Recording
' Vegetation (Lee et al 2006) for the Year 3 and 4 stem counts. According to the protocol, the Silas Creek
Stream Restoration Project requires the monitoring of 7 vegetation plots. The protocol was used to
inventory 7 (2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 14) of the 14 vegetation plots established by EcoLogic.
' Ecologic used rebar to mark all four corners of the vegetation plots and the southwest corner was marked
with a 4-foot PVC pipe flagged with orange. The remaining three corners were marked with blue
flagging. Planted stems were also marked with blue flagging. GPS coordinates were taken for the
southwest corner of each plot during Monitoring Year 3. A reference photograph was taken from the
southwest corner towards the northeast corner for each plot during each monitoring year. Plot
photographs are located in Appendix A-IV.
During Year 3 (2006) monitoring, all planted stems were marked with white flagging. Stems found with
blue flagging from the previous year were re-flagged with white. Blue flagging was removed. Natural
regeneration stems were marked with red flagging and recorded. Monitoring taxonomy follows `Manual
of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas' (Radford et. al 1968). Year 4 (2007) monitoring was conducted in
the same manner and Year 3. The results of the stem counts are summarized in Tables Al to A5 in
' Appendix A-I.

28
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
1
' 5.0 REFERENCES
Buck Engineering. 2004. Silas Creek Stream Restoration Project. Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Mitigation Plan. Prepared for NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program. March 2004.
' Buck Engineering. 2005. Silas Creek Stream Restoration Project. Year 1 Monitoring Report Winston-
Salem, North Carolina. Prepared for NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program. February 2005.
EcoLogic. 2006. Silas Creek Stream Restoration 2005 Monitoring Report. Monitoring Year Two.
Ecosystem Enhancement Program Project Number 00335. Prepared for NC Ecosystem Enhancement
Program. April 2006.
' Mecklenburg, Dan. 2006. The Reference Reach Spreadsheet for Channel Survey Data Management.
Version 4.2L. Ohio Department of Natural Resources.
' EEP. 2006. Content, Format, and Data Requirements for EEP Monitoring Reports. Version
1.2 (11/16/06). NCDENR, NCEEP. 17pp.
Lee, Michael T., Peek, Robert K., Roberts, Steven D., Wentworth, Thomas R. 2006. CVS-EEP Protocol
for Recording Vegetation. Version 4.0. (http:Hcvs.bio.unc.edu/methods.htm)
Radford, A.E., Ahles, H.E., and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. The
University of North Carolina Press. Chapel Hill, NC.
' Rosgen, D.L. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology, Pagosa Springs, CO.
URS. 2007. Silas Creek Stream Restoration 2006 Monitoring Report. Monitoring Year Three.
Ecosystem Enhancement Program Project Number 00335. Prepared for NCDENR - Ecosystem
' Enhancement Program. January 2007.
USACE, Wilmington District, US Environmental Protection Agency, NC Wildlife Resources
' Commission, and NC Division of Water Quality. 2003. Stream Mitigation Guidelines. April
2003.26 pp.
' Weakley, A.S. 2007. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding Areas. Working Draft
as of 11 January 2007. UNC Herbarium. North Carolina Botanical Garden. UNC at Chapel Hill.
Zimmerman, James L. 1976. Soil Survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina. US Department of
Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).

1
29
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS
2/08

' APPENDIX A
VEGETATION RAW DATA
1

J

1
1
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

s
1
1
1
APPENDIX A-I. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table Al. Vegetation Metadata
Report Prepared By Susan Shelingoski
Date Prepared 8/21/2007 14:59
database name URS-2007-A-VMD-v210.mdb
database location P:\Jobs3\31825348_MonitoringWeg
DESCRIPTION OF WORKSHEETS IN THIS DOCUMENT------------
This worksheet, which is a summary of the project and the project
Metadata data.
Plots List of plots surveyed.
Vigor Frequency distribution of vigor classes.
Vigor by Spp Frequency distribution of vigor classes listed by species.
List of most frequent damage classes with number of occurrences
Damage and percent of total stems impacted by each.
Damage by Spp Damage values tallied by type for each species.
Damage by Plot Damage values tallied by type for each plot.
Count of living stems of each species for each plot; dead and
Stem Count by Plot and Spp missing stems are excluded.
PROJECT SUMMARY-------------------------------------
Project Code
project Name Silas Creek
Description Stream Restoration
length(ft)
stream-to-edge width (ft)
area (sq m)
Required Plots (calculated)
Sampled Plots
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS
335
7
7
2/08

1 1

1

APPENDIX A-I. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table A2. Vegetation Vigor by Species
Species 4 3 2 1 0 Missing
Acer floridanum 6 6 1 1
Ailanthus altissima
Albizia julibrissin
Alnus serrulata 2 4
Aronia arbutifolia 1 1
Betula ni ra 23 30 3
Ca rya cordiformis
Ca a ovata 2 2
Corpus amomum 14 12 4
Fraxinus
enns Ivanica
1
1
Liquidambar
st raciflua
Morus alba
Pinus serotina
Pinus vir iniana
Quercus hellos 8 14 2
Rhus t hina
Robinia
seudoacacia
Salix ni ra
Sambucus
canadensis
Morus rubra
Rhus co allinum
Car inus caroliniana
Mimosa
Lindera benzoin 1 1
Liriodendron tuli ifera
M rica 4
Platanus occidentalis 16 29 4
Acer ne undo E:j
TOT: 28 73 103 7 2 8
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

APPENDIX A-I. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table A3. Vegetation Damage by Species

1

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Acer floridanum 14 13 1
Acerne undo 5 5
Ailanthus altissima 2 2
Albizia julibrissin 7 7
Alnus serrulata 6 6
Aronia arbutifolia 2 2
Betula ni ra 67 64 2 1
Ca inus caroliniana 1 1
Ca rya cordiformis 1 1
Ca rya ovata 4 4
Cornus amomum 32 27 1 4
Fraxinus enns Ivanica 11 11
Lindera benzoin 2 1 1
Li uidambar st raciflua 10 10
Liriodendron tuli ifera 9 9
Mimosa 4 4
Morus alba 1 1
Morus rubra 1 1
M rica 6 6
Pinus serotina 1 1
Pinus vir iniana 3 3
Platanus occidentalis 56 52 4
Quercus hellos 28 28
Rhus co allinum 1 1
Rhus t hina 1 1
Robinia seudoacacia 3 3
Salix ni ra 1 1
Sambucus canadensis 1 1
TOT: 28 280 266 2 6 1 5
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

1

1

1

I

APPENDIX A-1. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table A4. Vegetation Damage by Plot
c
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335-01-0002- ear:3 7 7
335-01-0002- ear:4 9 7 1 1
335-01-0003- ear:3 22 21 1
335-01-0003- ear:4 25 21 4
335-01-0006- ear:3 16 16
335-01-0006- ear:4 15 14 1
335-01-0008- ear:3 16 14 2
335-01-0008- ear:4 20 19 1
335-01-0010- ear:3 38 38
335-01-0010- ear:4 36 35 1
335-01-0013- ear:3 13 13
335-01-0013- ear:4 7 5 2
335-01-0014- ear:3 29 29
335-01-0014- ear:4 27 27
TOT: 14 280 266 2 6 1 5
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

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APPENDIX A-I. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table A6a. Vegetative Problem Areas - Reach I
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature/Issue Station #/Range Probable Cause Photo #
Invasive population 11+10 Privet, honeysuckle, rose R1 VPA1, R1 VPA2
Invasive population 11+50 Privet, honeysuckle, rose R1 VPA 1, R1 VPA2
Invasive population 13+00 Bamboo R1 VPA3
Invasive population 13+00 Mimosa Rl VPA4

Bare Sloe
13+80
Herbaceous veg. not established R1 VPA5, Rl VPA6,
R1 VPA7

Bare Sloe
13+90
Herbaceous veg. not established R1 VPA5, Rl VPA6,
R1 VPA7

Bare Sloe
17+10
Herbaceous veg. not established Rl VPA5, R1 VPA6,
R1 VPA7
Invasive population 19+50 Japanese knotweed, honeysuckle R1 VPA8
Table A6b. Vegetative Problem Areas - Reach 2
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature/Issue Station #/Range Probable Cause Photo #
21+90 Mimosa R2VPA1, R2VPA2,
Invasive population R2VPA3
22+00 Mimosa, Japanese knotweed R2VPA1, R2VPA2,
Invasive population R2VPA3
26+50 Mimosa R2VPA1, R2VPA2,
Invasive population R2VPA3
Table A6c. Vegetative Problem Areas - Reach 3
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature/Issue Station #/Range Probable Cause Photo #
Invasive population 33+80 to 34+80 Kudzu R3 VPA 1

Invasive population 39+00 Mimosa R3VPA2, R2VPA3,
R2VPA4

Invasive population 39+00 Rose R3VPA2, R2VPA3,
R2VPA4

Invasive population 33+90 to 34+80 Mimosa R3VPA2, R2VPA3,
R2VPA4
Bare bank 42+50 No wood vegetation R3VPA5
Bare bank 44+00 No wood vegetation R3VPA6
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

r.

1
1

1

APPENDIX A-I. VEGETATION SURVEY DATA TABLES
Table A6d. Vegetative Problem Areas - Buena Vista Branch
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Feature/Issue Station #/Range Probable Cause Photo #
Ve etation mortality 10+00 to 15+00 Beaver BVNVPAI
Invasive population 10+00 to 18+00 Mimosa BVNVPA2
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
I ¦
- APPENDIX A-II. VEGETATION PROBLEM AREA PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 to 8/8/07
¦
REACH 1
r
0
il
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0
I
k- - 141
Re'
,o
RIVPA4
RIVPA8
;:na 4
Ile,
RIVPA3
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
RI VPA5, RI VPA6, RI VPA7
APPENDIX A-I1. VEGETATION PROBLEM AREA PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 to 8/8/07
REACH 2
R2VPAI, R2VPA2, R2VPA3
REACH 3
t
R3VPA 1
R3VPA5

M'
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
R3VPA2, R3VPA3, R2VPA4
R3VPA6
APPENDIX A-II. VEGETATION PROBLEM AREA PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 to 8/8/07
BUENA VISTA BRANCH
BVNVPAI
BVNVPA2
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

r

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APPENDIX A-III. VEGETATION PROBLEM AREAS PLAN VIEW
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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VP2 (8/7/07)
VP6 (8/7/07)
VP3 (8/8/07)
VP8 (8/7/07)

s <
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S ?
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4

5-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
VP13 (8/8/07)
VP 10 (8/8/07)

APPENDIX A-IV. VEGETATION MONITORING PLOT PHOTOS
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
VP 14 (8/8/07)

11

APPENDIX B
GEOMORPHIC RAW DATA
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

APPENDIX B-I. STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PLAN VIEW

C
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00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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aa a aa ca oa ra

APPENDIX B-II. STREAM PROBLEM AREAS DATA TABLES
Table Bla. Stream Problem Areas - Reach 1
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature Issue Station Suspected Cause Photo #
Vane failure 10+00 Improper design and/or construction R1 PA 1
Bar formation/A radation 10+70 Inability to transport sediment R1PA2
Vane failure/erosion 14+10 Improper design and/or construction R1PA3
Bar formation/A radation 14+10 Inability to transport sediment R1PA4
Vane failure 16+80 Improper design and/or construction R1PA5
Table Blb. Stream Problem Areas - Reach 2
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature Issue Station Suspected Cause Photo #
Bank erosion/scour 20+00 Bank angle too steep R2PAI
Vane failure 20+10 Channel downcuttin R2PA2
Debris collection 20+00 Box bridge blocking debris movement R2PA3
Vane failure 23+50 Channel downcuttin R2PA4
Vane failure 24+00 Channel downcuttin R2PA5
Vane failure 24+40 Channel downcuttin R2PA6
Structure failure 25+00 to
25+50 Channel downcutting R2PA7
Bank erosion/scour 25+10 Bank angle too steep R2PA8
Bank erosion/scour,
turbidity 25+80 Confluence with Buena Vista Branch R2PA9
Vane failure 26+30 Channel downcuttin R2PA10
Vane failure 27+50 Channel downcuttin R2PAI I
Table Blc. Stream Problem Areas - Reach 3
Silas Creek
EEP Project Number 00335
Feature Issue Station Suspected Cause Photo #
Bar formation/A radation 30+80 Inability to transport sediment R3PA1
Bank erosion/scour 33+20 Bank angle too stee R3PA2
Bank erosion/Scour 34+50 Bank angle too steep R3PA3
Bar formation/A radation 37+05 Inability to transport sediment R3PA4
Bank erosion/scour 37+80 to
38+10 Bank angle too steep R3PA5
Bank erosion/scour 38+70 Bank angle too steep R3PA6
Bank erosion/scour 40+70 Bank angle too steep R3PA7
Bank erosion/scour 41+30 Bank angle too steep R3PA8
Vane failure 41+00 Channel downcuttin R3PA9
Bank sloughing 42+00 Bank angle too steep R3PAIO
Bank erosion/scour 43+80 Bank angle too steep R3PA11
1 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
i

0
1

1

1
L
I
1
APPENDIX B-II. STREAM PROBLEM AREAS DATA TABLES
Table Bld. Stream Problem Areas - Buena Vista Branch
Silas Creek
EEP Pro'ect Number 00335
Feature Issue Station Suspected Cause Photo #
Channel widening,
deepening, beaver slides 10+00 to
15+00 Beaver presence (dam presence) BVPA1
Sedimentation on banks 10+00 to
15+00 Beaver dam downstream BVPA2
Bank erosion 11+10 Improper design and/or construction BVPA3
Bank erosion 12+50 Bank angle too steep BVPA4
Bar formation/A radation 13+30 Inability to transport sediment BVPA5
Bar formation/A radation 16+00 Inability to transport sediment BVPA6
I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
REACH 1

R1PA1
RIPA3

R2PA2
RIPA4
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
iK
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
REACH 2
R2PA1
R2PA3
R2PA5
R2PA2
R2PA4
R2PA6
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
R2PA7
R2PA9
J
1Y
S
w:
d•

R2PA10
R2PA8
R2PA9
R2PA11
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
REACH 3
-

?? ?? 4 t
4- .;+
R3PA1
R3PA3
k':f'+ti?il? ?? f
R3PA2
R3PA4
R3PA6
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
R3PA5
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07

QTY ?::
R3PA7
R3PA9

,l.
)jq
R3PA11

- .•t1
R3PA8
R3 PA 10
4^'
UU335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
BUENA VISTA BRANCH
BVPAI
B VPA 1
BVPA2
BVPAI
BVPAI
BVPA3
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-III. REPRESENTATIVE STREAM CURRENT CONDITION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
!f •
B VPA4

BVPA6
Nil x:.--
_. if
BVPA5
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
REACH 1
PSI
PS3

PS5
PS2
PS4
PS6
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
REACH 2
PS7
PS9
PSII
PS8
PS10
PS 12
?- o
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
PS 13
PS15
REACH 3
PS 16

PS 14
PS 17

00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
PS18
m
PS20
PS22
?:_ ?;
Vo
vi
PS19
PS21
PS23
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
X ?
PS24
PS26

?..
aka.
¦rl .? ?.? q'i,?rn
PS28
PS25
PS27

00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-IV. STREAM PHOTO STATION PHOTOS
Photos taken 8/7/07 and 8/8/07
BUENA VISTA BRANCH
Z.ti M
PS29
PS31
PS33
PS30
PS32
PS34
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08

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APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
SILAS CREEK
REACH ONE
Photos taken 8/7/07
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
Photos taken 8/7/07

a
GC [' 1F •ys
¢¢yy G
MFG : ? ?' ,.,far; -•+?
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
XS 1 facing right bank
XS 1 facing left bank
XS2 facing left bank
XS2 facing right bank
XS3 facing right bank
XS3 facing left bank
Silas Reach 1 XS 1 (Riffle) Overlay
808

804 ----..---
d
w
800
- ?
C
796

d
lil 792 ,
788
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Station (feet)
-0 As-Built - 10/03 -? Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 8/06 (XS re-established) - Year 4 - 8/07

Silas Reach 1 XS 2 (Pool) Overlay
810
805
to
w
r 800
0
a 795
m
w 790
785 -1 1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Station (feet)
- 0 As-Built - 10/03 m Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 8/06 (XS Re-established) - ? -Year 4 - 8/07
00335 - Silas Creek - MY 4 Final Report URS 2/08
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
SILAS CREEK
REACH TWO
Photos taken 8/8/07
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
Photos taken 8/8/07

? '?
Y'
?
Y
t
j f?Z

J F
9

i
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00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
XS4 facing right bank
XS4 facing left bank
XS5 facing right bank
XS5 facing left bank
XS6 facing right bank
XS6 facing left bank
Silas Reach 2 XS 3 (Pool) Overlay
815
810
d 805
w
0 800
Y
A
m 795
w
790
785 -
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Station (feet)
-+-As-Built - 10/03 -Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 8/06 (XS Re-established) ---Year 4 - 8/07
Silas Reach 2 XS 4 (Riffle) Overlay
802
800
N 798
d
?. 796
c
O 794
792
d
w 790
768
766
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Station (feet)
-?-As-Built - 10/03 Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 9/06 (XS Re-established) --- Year 4 - 8/07
00335 - Silas Creek - MY 4 Final Report URS 2/08
Silas Reach 2 XS 5 (Pool) Overlay
8
7
7
7
7
0 7
A 7
m 7
w
7
7
7
E
d ?
w
c
0
A ?
d ?
w

7
00
98
96 -
94
92
90
88
86 7

84 ?
_ _-
82
80
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Station (feet)
-?--As-Built - 10/03 Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 9/06 (XS Re-established) Year 4 - 8/07

00 Silas Reach 2 XS 6 [Run (formerly Pool)] Overlay
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 14
Station (feet)
As-Built 10/03 -Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 9/06 (XS Re-established) --- Year 4 - 8/07

00335 - Silas Creek - MY 4 Final Report URS 2/08

i
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
1
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
SILAS CREEK
REACH THREE
Photos taken 8/8/07
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report
URS
2/08
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
Photos taken 8/8/07

00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
XS7 facing right bank
XS8 facing left bank
XS8 facing right bank
XS9 facing left bank
XS9 facing right bank
XS7 facing left bank
Silas Reach 3 XS 7 (Riffle) Overlay
ouc
800
r 798
d
796
c 794
792
A
790
FU 788
786
784
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Station (feet)
As-Built - 10/03 --Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 10/06 (XS Re-established) - ---Year 4 - 8/07
Silas Reach 3 XS 8 (Pool) Overlay
796
794
d 792
790
0 788
786
m 784
w 782
780 1
0 10 20 30
40 50 60 70 80 90
Station (feet)
-As-Built - 10/03 -Year 1 - 10/04
Year 3 - 10/06 (XS Re-established) Year 4 - 8/07 (right pin missing)
Silas Reach 3 XS 9 (Pool) Overlay
796
794
792
790
0
= 788
>
m 786
w
784
782
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Station (feet)
1BAs-Built 10/03 -# Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 10106 (XS Re-established) Year 4 - 8/07 (right pin missing)

00335 -Silas Creek - MY 4 Final Report URS 2/08
1
1
1
1
1
t
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
APPENDIX 13-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
BUENA VISTA BRANCH
Photos taken 8/7/07
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report
URS
2/08
APPENDIX B-VI. CROSS SECTION PHOTOS AND ANNUAL OVERLAYS OF PLOTS
Photos taken 8/7/07
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
XS I facing right bank
XS I facing left bank
XS2 facing right bank
XS2 facing left bank
Buena Vista XS 1 (Pool) Overlay
802
801
800
799
798 ?-
0
A 797
w 796
795
794
793
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Station (feet)
-DAs It - 10/03 -? Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 11/06 (XS Re-established) -# - Year 4 - 8/07
Buena Vista XS 2 (Riffle) Overlay
802
801
800
d 799
d
79s Jl/l
O
797 M"Z
w 79s _-
795
794
793
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Station (feet)
-As-Built - 10/03 Year 1 - 10/04 Year 3 - 11/06 (XS Re-established) - a*- Year 4 - 8/07
00335 - Silas Creek - MY 4 Final Report URS 2/08

1
I
1
t
11
1
1
1
1

APPENDIX B-VII. PEBBLE COUNT FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION PLOTS
SILAS CREEK
REACH ONE
I UU335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
Reach 1
Weighted Pebble Count
Feature Percent of Reach
Ritfie 20 % Run %
R4Rq Pod, Rory GA4e F--]
Pool 80 % GlldeO%
Riffle
Material Size Range (mm Count
,lode 0 -0062
very fire sand 0.062 - 0.125
fine sand 0.125 - 0.25
medium sand 0.25 .05 1
sand 0.5 - 1 2
sand 1 - 2 2
very fine gavel 2 - 4 1
fine gavel 4 -6 1
fine gavel 6 -8
medium gavel 8 - 11 1
medium gavel 11 -16 R
-arse gavel 16 - 22 2
-ens gavel 22 - 32 2
very -a
gra
el 32 -45 3
?
v
45 - 64
vily 2
small cobble 64 - 90 1
medium motile 90 - 128
large cobble 128 -180
vary large -bble 180 -256
well boulder 256 - 362
small boulder 362 -512
medium boulder 512 -1024
large boulder 1024 - 2048
ve la a boulder 2048 -4096
total particle count: 20
bedrock
day hardpan -
detmu.1 ood
arbficel
total count: 20
Note:
elghbed pebble count by bed features
Material Size Ruing. mm w ei hted
.Itm. 0 - 0 062 4.0
very fine sand 0.062 -0125 2.0
fine sand 0.125 -025 140
medium sand 0.25 -0.5 18.0
m sand 0.5 - 1 11.0

sa
e nd 1 - 2 18.0
very fine gra
vel 2 -4 40
fine gravel 4 -6 20
fine gravel 6 - 8 00
medium gravel 8 - 11 50
medium gavel 11 - 16 40
..r- gravel 16 22 80
coam gavel 22 - 32 2.0
very coo- gavel 32 - 45 4.0
mar oval 45-64 2.0
small nibble 64 - 90 20
medium nibble 90 -128 00
large cobble 128 - 180 0.0
- lar a-bbl. 180 -256 00
small boulder 256 - 362 090
small boulder 362 - 512 do
medium boulder 512 - 1024 0.0
large boulder 1024 - 2048 0.0
ve lame boulder 2048 -4096 090
total particle weighted count: 100
bedrock 0.0
day hardpan ---- 00
datritushwad
artificial 0.0
0.0
total weighted count: 100.0
Note:
Pool
Material Size Ra Count
silada 0 -0062 4
very fine sand 0.062 - 0.125 2
fine sand 0125 - 025 14
medium sand 0.25 - 0 5 17
.arse sand 05 - 1 9

rte
Ve sand 1 -2 16
very
fine gavel 2-4 7
fine gavel 4 -6 1
fine gavel 6- B
medium gavel 8 - 11 4
medium gavel 11 -16 2
rsa gavel 16-22 0
rse gavel 22 - 32
very co- grvel 32 - 45 1
mirrse avel 45 - 64
small -bole 64 - 90 1
medium cobble SO -128
large cobble 128 - 180
e lame -bble 180 -256
small boulder 256 - 362
all boulder 362 -512
medium boulder 512 - 1024
large boulder 1024 -2048
val, lame boulder 2048 -4096
total particle count: 80
bedrock
day hardpan
detritu .d
artificial
total count: 80
Nate
Weighted pebble count by bed features Silas Creek
20% Me 80% pool
weighted percent - Rltfie -?-Pool - Run -Glide - Mof particles
silt/day sand ravel obble boulde r
100% 20%
90% 18%
80% I 16%
70% 14%

60% I? 12% °m
1
4 tg
0
g 40% k 8% $
30% 6% a
20% 4% $
10% 2%
0%

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
particle size (mm)
Size (mm) Size Distribution Ty pe ux
D1. 0.21 mean is ilt/cl,y 4%
035 045 dispersion 109 sand 63%
D50 1 skewness 0.20 gavel 31%
D65 1.9 nibble 2%
D84 17 boulder 0%
095 41
Riffle Silas Creek

silt/d,

send oval
- muII%
cobble boulder
-#of partides
1W%
90%

_______ _

_____

___.- 4

3
80%
70% 3
g
¢ 60% (
? 3
2 n
5096 --------- _.____ o
E
8
40
% 0'
2
a

S .
30% u
20%

10%

0% 0
0 01 0 .1 1 10 100 1000 10000
parocle size (mm)
Size (mm ) Size Distribution Type
D16 1.1 70 silt/day 0%
D35 8 dispersion 8.6 sand 25%
D50 16 skewness -029 gravel 70%
D65 27 -bbl. 5%
D84 44 boulder 0%
D95 64
Pool Silas Creek
mmative % -N of partices
.it day sand oval obble boulder
100% 18
90% 16
80%
14
70%
12
S 60% S
10
50%

0%

--
8 a

T
4
%6 u
6 u
30
20% 4
10% 2

0% 0
0 01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 100W
particle size (mm)
Size (mm) Size Distribution T..
D16 0.18 mean 1.3 si l clay 5%
D35 035 dispersion 87 sand 73%
050 063 ske wness 0.23 gravel 21%
D65 1.3 -bble 1%
D64 8.8 boulder 0%
D95 20

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00335-SI'las Creek-MV 4 Final Report URS 208

APPENDIX B-VII. PEBBLE COUNT FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION PLOTS
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SILAS CREEK
I REACH TWO
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I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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Reach 2
WN tad Pebble Count
Feetun Percent of R•..h
Rifts. 20 % Run %
??p'I,1?M?, _
kwlor Run, Gke
_ EI Pool ®% Glide O%
Weighted pebble -, by bad feature.
Matal Size Range mm w
ti '
'wda 0 -0.082 00
wry fin•send 0,062 -0.125 0.0
fine earl 0.125 -0.25 7.0
medium pnd 0.25 -0.5 10.0
rse sets 0.5 - 1 9.0
send 1 -2 18.0
wry fine g.-I 2 -4 11.0
fine gravel 4 - 8 1.0
fine pnvN 8 - 6 6.0
medium grew) 8 - 11 90
medium gravel 11 - 18 9.0
ram gravel 16 - 22 4.0
rse gravel 22 - 32 8.0
wry mares 9-1 32-45 2.0
Coe ravel 45 - 84 2.0
anall-bole 64 - 90 560
medum co.l• 90 -128 1.0
large cobble 128 - 180 000
w large cobble 180 - 256 060
-11 boulder 256 -362 0.0
amel boulder 362 - 512 0.0
madium boulder 512 -1024 0.0
large boulder 1024 - 2048 000
w la a boulder 2048 - 4098 0.0
total particle weighted count 100
bedrock 0.0
day hardpan 0.0
atrituat-d 00
a s 0.
total weighted Count: 100.0
Nob:
IM
Matsnal SiZIRande (mm Count
siwda 0 -0.082
wry fine eand 0.062 - 0.125
fin. send 6125 -025
medium send 0.25 - 0 5
rse send 0.5 -1
wry mane send 1 - 2 3
wry fine pnvN 2 - 4 1
fine gravel 4 - 8
fine gravel 6 -8 2
medium pnvN 8 -'l 2
medium pnvN 11 -18 3
n. gravel 18 - 22 1
-arse gravel 22 - 32 2
wry coarse gl 32 - 45
wry rse rave1 45 - 64 1
II-bbl. 64-90 3
medium cobble 90 - 128 1
larg
Cobble 128 - 180
e
w le cobble 180 -256
small boulder 256 -382
email boulder 362 .512
medium bolder 512 - 1024
large boulder 1024 - 2048
w la a boulder 2048 - 4088
total particle count 20
bedrock
day hardpan -
detrSUah-d
I total count: 20
Nob:
Pool
Material Si ze Range Count
siwda 0 -0.082
wry fine end 0062 - 0125
fine send 0.125 - 0.25 7
nd 0.25 - 005
medium 10
e
rod 0.5 - 1 9
sees eats 1 -2 15
wry fine gravel 2 - 4 10
Ins gravel 4 -1 1
fins gravel 6- a 4
medium shawl 8 - 11 6
gravel
medi 11 - 16 6
um
gravel 16 - 22 3
secs gravel 22 - 32 4
wry Coarse growl 32 .45
2
ravel 45 - 84 1
-11 cobbl. 64 - 90 2
medium cobble 90 .128
large cobble 128 - 180
w I a Cobble 180 -256
II boulder 258 -302
small boulder 362 -512
medium boulder 512 - 1024
harps bolder 1024 -2048
w la boulder 2048 - 4088
total particle Count 80
bedrock
day hardpan
detrltirsr?vocd
artifisl
total count: 80
Nob
00335 - Sil•• Creek- MV 4 Final Report
Weighted pebble Count by bed features Silas Creek
20% Offle 80% pool
weghted percent - Riffle - Pool - Run -Glide -%ofpredes
100% aiwd sand ravel Cobble boulder
20%
90% 8%

80% _-.___ ___________ ______
I ?.
6%
70% i 4%
`m 60% 12% R
c
50% I
g
40% 8%
$
30% 1 6% a
20% I q?s >_e
10% j 2%
0%
0%
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle size (mm)

Size (mm) Size Distribution
T
ws u%
Di6 0.47 12
man siwday 0%
D35 1.4 dispersion 6.9 no
44%
D50 2.9 ek.-- 003 grew) sD%
D65 8.9 -bbl. 6%
D84 22 boulder C%
D95 69
Riffle Silas Creek

100% siwda

send wl

cobb
-?cumustive %
boulder
le
-6 or paredsa
90% 4
------ -- - ______ __ ____ ____ 3
80%
70% 3

d 60% 3
2
p 50% ------ -- -------- -- -----
B
a
e 40% 2
30% 1 $
20%
10% 1
0J i-
0
0.01 0. 1 1 10 100 1000 10000
particle .ire (mm)
Size Imm) Size Distribution Type
018 21 mean 127 siwday 0%
035 8.9 dispersion 5.5 send 15%
D50 1 2 sk-. 0.02 prowl 65%
065 22 cobble 20%
D84 70 boulder 0%
D95 90
Pool Silas Creek
-mlaavs % - S of pareda•
100% sihda sand ravel cobble boulder

90% 18

8096
-1__li
---
--
H
-
_1JJHHH
-
--k
_
III 14

70% F
FT 7 1 1 1 11 11
12
a% ! II t0
50%
40%
30% f L 6
20%
4

0% III
2
0% I

0.01 0.
1 1 10 0
.
100 1000 10000
particle size (mm )
Sim(mmt Size Distribution Ty pe
D1. 0.37 mean 2.4 siwd.y 0%
D35 1.1 diW-n 8.5 send 51%
D50 11 akewnese 007 grawl 46%
065 6 bbl. 3%
084 15 boulder 0%
1395 38
URS

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APPENDIX B-VII. PEBBLE COUNT FREOUENCY DISTRIBUTION PLOTS
SILAS CREEK
REACH THREE
00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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Reach 3
WeIhod Pebble C-1
Feabrre Percent of R ..h
110111e 20 % Run %
RRM,RmI, 0.uM1 (aria-.-.-- ICI
--.-._-- LJ Pool ®% Glide O%
Weighted pebble count by bad lseblraa
Material Size Ra mm -i hied
siltld. 0 -0.062 1.0
wry fine send 0062-0.125 00
fine send 00125 - 0425 11.0
medium send 025 m05 18.0
nee send 0.5-1 90
warse send 1 .2 17.0
wry fins pnvN 2 - 4 900
fins gravel 1 - 8 3.0
fins gravel 8 - 8 2.0
medium pawl 8 - 11 5.0
medium gravel 11 - 16 4.0
coarse growl 16 - 22 6.0
ocares gravel 22 - 32 8.0
wry maws gravel 32 - 45 3.0

rase
wry m d 45 - 64 5.0
-11
cobble 64 - 90 190
medium cobble 90 .128 0.0
large cobble 128 -180 090
w large cobble 180 - 256 0.0
-11 boulder 256 -362 0.0
smell boulder 362 - 512 0.0
medium boulder 512 - 1024 0.0
largo boulder 1024 -2048 00
w I. bounder 2048 -4098 00
total partide weighted count 100
tedrock 0.0
day hardpan 090
detribwh-d! 0.0
artificial 0.0
total weighted mum: 100.0
Nob:
Riffle
Material Si- Range Count
siltlda 0 -0.062
wry fina send 0.062 -0.125
fine send 00125 - 0.25 2
nediumsend 0.25-0.5
coarse send 005 - 1 1
w coarse send 1 -2 2
very fine gravel 2 - 4 1
fin. gravel 4 -6 1
fin. g= 6-8
medium growl 8 - 11 1
um gravel 11 -16
coarse gravel 16 - 22 3
ras gravel 22 - 32 2
wry coarse gravel 32-45 2
wry mares ravel 45 - 64 4
ares" cobble 64 - 90 1
medium cobble 90 -128
let cobble 128 - 180
w la tibia 180 - 256
amall boulder 258 - 382
-11 boulder 362 -512
medium boulder 512 -1024
large boulder 1024 - 2048
w la . boulder 2048 -4099
total parade count 20
bedrock
day hardpan
da"wilwood
antildill
total count 20
Now
od
Material Si- Rance Count
sisda 0 -0082 1
wry fins send 0082 -0.725
fine send 0.125 - 0.25 9
medium send 0925 - 05 1s
maws send 065 - 1 a
ws send 1 -2 18
wry fire gravel 2 - 4 a
fine gravN 4 - 6 2
fine gravel 6 -8 2
medium prowl S - 17 4
i
prowl 11 - 18 4
?
gravel 16 - 22 3
ws pnvN 22 - 32 4
wry coa- gravel 32 - 45 1
w co roe ravel 45 .64 1
smell whole 64 - 90
medium cobble 90 - 128
large cobble 128 - 180
w la a cobble 180 -216
small boulder 256 -362
small boulder 382 - 512
medium boulder 512 - 1024
large boulder 1024 - 2048
w la s boulder 2048 -4096
total particle count: 80
bahook
day hardpan
detraua -.d
ararldal
total count: 80
Nob:
00335-Silas Creek-MV 4 Final Report
Weighted pebble count by bed feat ures Silas Creek
20% riffle 80% pool
weighted percent -Riffle -Pool -Run -Glide -#dper8des
100% silt/day sand ravel We boulder
20%
90% 18%
80% 16% R.
70% 14%
60% 12% $
50% 10:9 S

S 40%

a 3
8%

30% 6% a
20% 4%
10% 2%
0%
0%
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
p.rode size (mm)

Size (mml
Size Distribution
T- use
D18 0.28 man 25 siltrdq 1%
D35 0.73 dispersion 93 sand 55%
D50 1.6 skawnese 0.14 growl 43%
D65 4 cobble 1%
D64 21 boulder 0%
D95 48
Riffle Silas Cree

1_,% siH/da k

end rased
b-cumulati
ve %
cobble III

-9 of parodse
90% 4
80% 4
70%
3
60% 3
g 3
50%

40% ----- - - -------- -- ------ --
a
2
S 2 w
30%
20% 7
10%
0%
p
001 0. 1 1 10 100 1000 10000
particle size (mm)
Size (m m) Size Distribution Type
078 1.1 mean 7.8 sil9day 0%
D35 8 dispersion 10.4 send 25%
050 20 skewness -0.32 gravel 70%
065 32 cobble 5%
D84 53 boulder 0%
095 64
Pool Silas Creek
mulatlv. % - a o/parades
100% is des send ravel cobble boulder
20
90%

80% 18

70% 16

am 4

50% 12
2
40% ---L- L' 10

S
30% 6 n
6
20% 4
10%
2
0%
0
0.01 0.1 1 '0 100 1000 10000
particle size (m m)
site (- I Sim Distribution Tvos
D16 02B 1.8 si1Vdq 1%
D35 its diapers- 8.7 cord 63%
050 1.2 ekawrase 0.13 gravel 36%
065 2.2 cobble 0%
D84 11 boulder 0%
D95 27
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APPENDIX B-VII. PEBBLE COUNT FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION PLOTS

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I 00335-Silas Creek-MY4 Final Report URS 2/08
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Wel hhd Pebble Count
Feabdre Percent of Reach
RiMe 50 % Run %
RMIa Pod. Run, Ode 1
Pool ®% Glide O%
Pool
Mabnal Size Ra Count
aWa 0 -0062 6
veryfine sand 0.062 -0.125 2
fine sand 0.125 - 0.25
- 8
-
inediurn nd 0.25 - 0
5 1
0

o-1
send s
3
3
ne sand 1 - 2 5
very fine gavel 2 - 4 2
fine gavel 4 - 8
fine gavel 6 -8
medium gravel 8 - 11
rr
gra vel 11 -16 2
=
gravel 16 - 22 3
rse gravel 22 - 32 8
wry -a
g
e1 32 -45 1
,,
::
45 - 64
co
-11-bole 64 -9D
medium cobble 90 - 128
large cobble 128 - 180
ve I a cobble 160 -258
annall boulder 256 -362
small boulder 382 -512
medium boulder 512 -1024
large boulder 1024-2048
vla a boulder 2048 -4096
total particle count 50
bedrock
day hardpan
defiorehwod
artificial
total count: 50
Nob:
l6Me
Material Size Ra Count
alma 0 - 0.082 4
wry fins sand 0,062 - 0.125 1
fine sand 0.125 -0.25 3
medium sand 0.25 - 0.5
rss send 0.5 - 1 1
very a- sand 1 - 2 3
very fine gravel 2 -4 1
fine gravel 4 - 6 1
fine gavel 6 - 8 1
medium gravel 8 - 11 1
medium gravel 11 - 16 a
rse gravel 16 - 22 11
rse gravel 22 - 32 7
wry coarse gravel 32-45 4
van, marse ravel 45 - 64
small cobble 64 - 90
medium cobble 90 - 128
large bble i28-180
velarge cobble 180 -256
mall boulder 258 - 362
anall boulder 382 - 512
medium boulder 512 -1024
larpa boulder 1024 - 2048
w la s boulder 2048 -4096
total particle count 50
bedrock
day hardpan
detrilu N-cd
artficau
total count: 50
Note:
N.Ight.d pebble count by bed flatuns
Mabnal Size Range
sih/da 0 - 0.1182 12.0
wry fine sand 0.082 -0.125 3.0
fine sand 0.125 - 0025 8.0
medium sand 0025 - 005 1000
coarse sand 0.5-1 400
sand 1 -2 100
wry fine gravel 2 - 4 300
fins gavel 4 -6 1.0
fine gmel 6 - 8 100
medium gravel 8 - 11 500
medium gravel it -16 1040
rse gravel 16 - 22 14.0
rss gravel 22 - 32 12.0
wry coarse gavel 32 - 45 7.0
vary ravel 45 - 64 0.0
smell cobble 64 - 90 0.0
medium cobble 90 -121 040
large cobble 128 - 180 000
w laa cobble 180 -256 0.0
anal) boulder 256 - 382 00
ana11 boulder 382 - 512 090
medium boulder 512 -1024 0.0
large boulder 1024 - 2048 0.0
w la boulder 2048 - 4098 03
total particle weighted count: 100
bedrock 0.0
day hardpan 0.0
daindush c! 0.0
arbficial 0.0
total weighted count 100.0
Nob:
00335 - Silas Creek- My 4 Final Report
Weighted pebble count by bed features Buena Vista
50% riffl. 50% pool
+-weighted percent - Riffle --Pool - Run - Glide -Nof parECles
"Itf," sand ravel cobble boulder 16%
100%
14%

8
------
------------
------- £

12%
7
10%

m8
8%

g 6% .d
3
4%
5
2%
0% 0%
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1 000 10000
particle size (mm)
tin
Si. fmm) Size Distribution T

D16 0.14
mean i.8
siMclay 92%
1
D35 0.71 dispersion 17.3 send 35%
DSO 4 skewness 0.23 growl 53%
D55 15 cobble 0%
D64 24 boulder 0%
D95 35
Riffle Buena Vista

1 lyd

send gravel
? oumula8w %
cobble boulder
-e of particles
12

10

8
3
s 6
8
g < g

2
1
0
0%
0.01 0. 1 1 10 100 1000 10000
particle size (mm)
Size (mm) Size Distribution Tops
076 0.5 mean 3.8 iwd.y 8%
D35 9.4 dispersion 18.0 sand 20%
D50 15 akewnssa 0.45 gravel 72%
D65 19 cobble 0%
D84 29 boulder 0%
D95 39
Pod B uena Vista -a-cumulative % - e of p.rtidee
silt d sand 1 cobble boulder
1 12

10

6 '
a

a
4 Q.
6

2

0% o
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 1 DDD D
particle size (mm )
I
Size (mm
)
Size Distribution
Typ
e
018 0.062 mean 1.1 ah/day 16%
D35 0.3 dispersion 22.0 sand 50%
D50 0.5 skewness 0.21 gravel 34%
085 le cobble 0%
D84 18 boulder 0%
D95 29
URS

0%
0%
0%
0%

0%
I
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0% I
0%
I
0%
80107
9
6
4
3
2
o%
0%

0%
_____
_
_______ __ ____ __
1
0%
1
I
1
o%

0%
0%
0%
0%
o
9
8
7
s
4
3
2
ao% ,
I I I III I I I I I III I I I I I I I 1
90% _ I_I _J__ L _ _L__L _ III I I I I I I III I

70% I I I I I I II I I' I I I I I I III I
I I I I I TT 11 II III I I I I I I III I
BO%

50% I II I I I I II ?I II,' I I I II I IIII
I I 11 I I I I I
?% I I I I I I I I I 11 III I I I I I I III I
30%

20%
I
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I I I I I I I I 11 III I I I I I I III I
,o%
I I I I I I I I I I 11 III I I I I I I III 1
8 5

7/OB