20080809 Ver 1_Application_20080514

v.s
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION r
MICHAEL F. EASLEY LYNDo TIPPETT
P / GOVERNOR SECRETARY
April 25, 2008
X U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
p Regulatory Field Office
Post Office Box 1890 Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 080809,,
/ I ATTN: Mr. Richard Spencer
NCDOT Coordinator
v Dear Sir:
U
T Subject: Application for Section 404 Nationwide Permit 23 and Section 401 Water
Quality Certification, for the Replacement of Bridge No. 148 over Pine Log
V-J Branch and Pine Log Swamp on SR 1437, Columbus County; State Project No.
8.2430901; WBS 33442.1.1; TIP No. B-4080.
Please find enclosed permit drawings and roadway plans for the above referenced project
proposed by the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). A Categorical
Exclusion (CE) was completed for this project on May 3, 2006, and distributed shortly
thereafter. Additional copies are available upon request.
The North Carolina Department of Transportation proposes to replace existing Bridge No. 148
over Pine Log Branch and Pine Log Swamp on SR 1437 in Columbus County. The project
involves replacing the existing two span 37-foot bridge on the existing location, with a three-
span cored slab bridge approximately 125 feet long and 36 feet wide using top down
construction. Traffic will be maintained with an off-site detour during construction. Proposed
permanent impacts to wetlands will be 0.09 acre and temporary impacts will be 0.05 acre.
Impacts to Waters of the United States
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
414y 0 6A. 'R tl?'
General Description: Pine Log Branch and Pine Log Swamp are the only water resources within
the study area and are located in the Lumber River Drainage Basin, Subbasin 03-07-58. Pine
Log Branch and Pine Log Swamp [SIN 15-4-8-7] have been assigned a Best Usage
Classification (BUC) of C and Sw (Hydrologic Unit 03040203). Water resources are not
designated as a North Carolina Natural or Scenic River, or as a National Wild and Scenic River.
No designated High Quality Waters (HQW), Water Supply I (WS-1), or Water Supply 11 (WS-11)
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT UNIT
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBSITE: WWW.DOH.DOTSTATE.NC.US
LOCATION:
PARKER LINCOLN BUILDING
2728 CAPITAL BLVD. SUITE 240
RALEIGH NC 27604
waters occur within 1.0 mile of the project study area. Pine Log Branch and Pine Log Swamp
are not listed on the Final 2006 303(d) list of impaired waters due to sedimentation for the
Lumber River Basin, nor does it drain into any Section 303(d) waters within 1.0 mile of the
project study area.
Permanent Impacts: NCDOT anticipates permanent impacts for this project. There will be 0.09
acre of permanent fill in riverine wetlands due to widening the road at the bridge approach.
There will be no permanent impacts to surface waters.
Temporary Impacts: There will be 0.05 acre of temporary fill in wetlands in the hand clearing
areas for the installation of erosion control measures, including some or all of the following:
Temporary Silt Fence, Special Sediment Control Fence, and Temporary Rock Silt Checks.
Hand Clearing: There will be 0.19 acre of hand clearing in riverine wetlands.
Utility Impacts: There will be no utility impacts associated with this project.
Bridge Demolition: The existing_structure is approximately 37 feet long and 24 feet wide. The
superstructure consists of two spans of reinforced concrete deck on I beam supports. The
existing substructure consists of reinforced concrete caps on timber. No bridge components will
be dropped into Waters of the United States during demolition.
Avoidance and Minimization
NCDOT has minimized impacts to the fullest extent possible. Minimization efforts include:
• Using top down construction to eliminate the need for a temporary work pad.
• Using hand clearing instead of mechanized clearing to prevent ground disturbance.
• Keeping bents out of the center of the stream channel.
• Using 3:1 fill slopes when practicable.
• In compliance with 15A NCAC 02B.0I 04(m) we have incorporated the use of BMP's for
the Protection of Surface Water in the design of the project.
• No temporary fill will enter Waters of the United States during bridge demolition and
removal. Best Management Practices (BMP's) for Bridge Demolition and Removal will be
implemented.
Mitigation
No mitigation is proposed for the minimal permanent wetland impacts.
Federally Protected Species
As of January 17, 2008, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) lists seven protected species
for Columbus County (Table 2). No habitat was found for any of the listed species within the
project study area, therefore a biological conclusion of "no effect" was listed for all species. A
review of the NC Natural Heritage Program database (Updated January 17, 2008) on April 23,
2008 found there to be no occurrence of federally listed or state listed species within the project
study area.
2
Table 2. Federally Protected Species for Columbus County
Common Name Scientific Name Federal
Status Habitat Biological
Conclusion
American alligator Alligator mississi iensis T (S/A) No Habitat Not Applicable
Red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis E No Habitat No Effect
Shortnose sturgeon Aci enser brevirostrum E No Habitat No Effect
Waccamaw silverside Menidia extensa T No Habitat No Effect
Wood stork M cteria americana E No Habitat No Effect
Coole 's meadowrue Thalictrum cooleyi E No Habitat No Effect
Rough-leaved loosestrife Lysimachia asperulaefolia E No Habitat No Effect
T(S/A) - threatened due to similarity of appearance
E - endangered
T - threatened
Bald Eagle
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) was delisted from the Endangered Species List as of
August 8, 2007. However, it is still protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act.
A survey conducted on August 8, 2007 found no bald eagle habitat within 660 feet of the project
area.
Project Schedule
The project schedule calls for November 18, 2008 let with a review date of October 7, 2008.
Regulatory Approvals
Section 404 Permit: All aspects of this project are being processed by the Federal Highway
Administration as a "Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR 771.115(b). The
NCDOT requests that these activities be authorized by a Nationwide Permit 23 (72 CFR; 11092-
11198, March 12, 2007).
Section 401 Water Quality Certification: We anticipate 401 General Certification
number 3701 will apply to this project. All general conditions of the Water Quality
Certifications will be met. Therefore, we are not asking for written concurrence. In accordance
with 15A NCAC 2H, Section .0500(a), we are providing two copies of this application to the
NCDWQ for their records.
If there are any questions, please contact Ms. Megan Willis of my staff at
[e-mail] or [phone].
A copy of this permit application will be posted on the DOT website at:
http://www.ncdot.org/doh/preconstruct/pe/neu/permit.html.
Sincere ,
.M/ Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D.,
Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
Cc:
w/attachment
Mr. Brian Wrenn, NCDWQ (2 copies)
Mr. Travis Wilson, NCWRC
Mr. Gary Jordan, USFWS
Ms. Jeanne Hardy, NCDMF
Mr. Ron Sechler, NMFS
w/o attachment (see website for attachments)
Dr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design
Mr. Victor Barbour, P.E., Project Services Unit
Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. Terry Gibson, P.E, Division 6 Engineer
Mr. Jim Rerko, Division 6 Environmental Officer
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Majed Alghandour, P. E., Programming and TIP
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. Scott McLendon, USACE, Wilmington
Mr. Vince Rhea, P.E., PDEA
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VICINITY N.C. DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION
WETLAND IMPACTS
DIVISION COLUMBUS COUNTT
PROJECT044LLI (5-40M)
BRIDGE NCU49 OVER
PINE LOG SWAMP ON
SR 1497

PROPERTY OWNERS
NAMES AND ADDRESSES
PARCEL NO. NAMES ADDRESSES
MARGARET WARD
(HERMAN N. WARD JR)
4616 ENO CEMETARY
CEDAR GROVE. NC 27231
Perfnit DrawN
g_
Sheet -2-- of
WETLAND PERMIT IMPACT SUMMARY
WETLAND IMPACTS SURFACE WATER IMPACTS

Site
No.

Station
(From/To)

Structure
Size / Type
Permanent
Fill In
Wetlands
(ac)
Temp.
Fill In
Wetlands
ac)
Excavation
in
Wetlands
ac)
Mechanized
Clearing
in Wetlands
ac Hand
Clearing
in
Wetlands
(ac)
Permanent
SW
impacts
(ac)
Temp.
SW
impacts
(ac) Existing
Channel
Impacts
Permanent
(ft) Existing
Channel
Impacts
Temp.
(ft)
Natural
Stream
Design
(ft)
1 15+51 -L- BRIDGE 0.09 0.19

TOTALS : 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0 0 0
Notes:
0.05 ac of temporary fill in hand clearing areas due to erosion control measures
234 sq. ft. or 0.005 ac of impacts at proposed pier
permit Drawing
Sheet 3 of 8
TN Revised

Columbus County
Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-1437(2)
State Project No. 8.2430901
WBS No. 33442.1.1
TIP No. B4080
Categorical Exclusion
United States Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
And
North Carolina Department of Transportation

Approved:
Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
North Carolina Department of Transportation
,3 Q
ate John F. Sullivan HI, P .
Division Administrator
Federal Highway Administration
Columbus County
Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-1437(2)
State Project No. 8.2430901
WBS No. 33442.1.1
TIP No. B-4080
Categorical Exclusion
April 2006
Document Prepared by:
THE LPA GROUP OF NORTH CAROLINA, P.A.
NO - N ?.qR
NO -R......, 0t,y
C
SEAL
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6944
For the North Carolina Department of Transportation

Project Manager
PROJECT COMMITMENTS
Columbus County
Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-1437(2)
State Project No. 8.2430901
WBS No. 33442.1.1
TIP No. B-4080
In addition to the standard Nationwide Permit #23 and #33 Conditions, the General
Nationwide Permit Conditions, Section 404 Conditions, Regional Conditions, State
Consistency Conditions, NCDOT's Guidelines for Best Management Practices for the
Protection of Surface Waters, NCDOT's Guidelines for Best Management Practices for
Bridge Demolition and Removal, General Certification Conditions, and Section 401
Conditions of Certification would all apply to the proposed bridge replacement project.
There are no special commitments associated with the proposed replacement of Bridge
No. 148.

Categorical Exclusion Green Sheet
April 2006 Page 1 of 1
Columbus County
Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-1437(2)
State Project No. 8.2430901
WBS No. 33442.1.1
TIP No. B-4080
Table of Contents
Page Number
Project Commitments 1
Introduction 1
1. Purpose and Need Statement 1
11. Existing Conditions 1
III. Alternatives 2
A. Project Description 2
B. Build Alternatives 3
C. Alternatives Eliminated from Further Study 3
D. Preferred Alternative 4
IV. Estimated Costs 4
V. Natural Resources 4
A. Methodology 4
B. Physiography and Soils 6
C. Water Resources 6
1.0 Waters Impacted 6
2.0 Water Resource Characteristics 7
2.1 Best Usage and Water Quality Classification 7
2.2 Macroinvertebrate Monitoring 7
2.3 North Carolina Index of Biotic Integrity 8
2.4 Section 303(d) Waters 8
2.5 Permitted Dischargers 8
2.6 Non-Point Source Discharges 8
3.0 Anticipated Impacts to Water Resources 8
3.1 Impacts Related to Bridge Demolition and
Removal 9
D. Biotic Resources 9
1.0 Plant Communities 10
1.1 Disturbed-Maintained Communities 10
1.2 Wetland Communities 10
2.0 Wildlife 11
2.1 Terrestrial Wildlife 11
3.0 Aquatic Community 11
3.1 Aquatic Wildlife 11
4.0 Anticipated Impacts to Biotic Communities 12
4.1 Terrestrial Communities 12
4.2 Wetland Communities 12
4.3 Aquatic Communities 13
E. Special Topics 14
1.0 Waters of the United States 14
1.1 Wetlands 14
1.2 Jurisdictional Streams 14
2.0 Permits and Certifications 14
2.1 Section 404 14
2.2 Water Quality Certification 15
3.0 Mitigation 15
F. Protected Species 15
1.0 Species Under Federal Protection 16
2.0 Federal Species of Concern 21
VI. Cultural Resources 22
A. Compliance Guidelines 22
B. Historic Architecture 22
C. Archaeology 23
VII. Section 4(f) Resources 23
VIII. Environmental Effects 23
IX. Public Involvement 26
X. Agency Comments 26
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Estimated Cost per Alternative 4
Table 2. Plant Communities Occurring within the B-4080 Study Area 12
Table 3. Anticipated Impacts to Surface Waters/Wetlands 13
Table 4. Federally Listed Species for Columbus County, NC 16
Table 5. Federal Species of Concern (FSC) Listed for Columbus
Columbus County, NC 21
B-4080 Bridge Replacement
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
Columbus County, NC
Columbus County
Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-1437(2)
State Project No. 8.2430901
WBS No. 33442.1.1
TIP No. B-4080
INTRODUCTION: The replacement of Bridge No. 148 is included in the North
Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) 2006-2012 Transportation
Improvement Program and in the Federal-Aid Bridge Replacement Program. The
location is shown on Figure 1. No substantial environmental impacts are anticipated.
The project is classified as a Federal "Categorical Exclusion."
1. PURPOSE AND NEED
The NCDOT Bridge Maintenance Unit records indicate that the bridge has a sufficiency
rating of 37.2 out of a possible 100 for a new structure. The bridge is considered to be
functionally obsolete. The replacement of this inadequate structure would result in safer
and more efficient traffic operations.
II. EXISTING CONDITIONS
The project is located in Columbus County on SR 1437, approximately 1.0 mile west of
its junction with SR 1439 (Figure 1). Land use in the project vicinity consists of
residential properties, fallow agricultural fields, forest, and wetlands.
Bridge No. 148 was constructed in 1951 and currently has a posted weight limit of 15
tons for single vehicles and 22 tons for truck tractors with semi trailers (TTST). The
overall length of the two span bridge is 37 feet, with a bed to crown height of 11 feet. It
has a clear roadway width of 24 feet carrying two travel lanes. Bridge No. 148 has a
reinforced concrete deck on I-beams supported by a substructure consisting of timber
piles with reinforced concrete caps.
In the vicinity of the bridge, SR 1437 is a 22-foot, two-lane roadway with 6-foot unpaved
shoulders. The existing bridge is in a horizontal tangent and is skewed 90 degrees to the
roadway. Both approaches are in tangent approximately 900 feet from the ends of the
bridge with good site distances. The east approach vertical grade falls toward the bridge
and continues to fall across the bridge to a sag located approximately 200 feet from the
west end of the bridge. The speed limit is posted at 55 miles per hour (mph), and SR
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
1

B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
1437 is classified as an Urban Collector in the Statewide Functional Classification
System.
The current (2006) traffic volume of 3900 vehicles per day (vpd) is expected to increase
to 6500 vpd by the year 2025. These volumes include 3 percent dual tired vehicles and 4
percent TTSTs.
Two crashes were reported in the vicinity of the bridge during a recent three-year period.
One of the crashes resulted in a non-fatal injury, and the other was property damage only.
There are no utilities attached directly to the structure; however there are underground
telephone lines (overhead at the bridge) along both sides of SR 1437.
The bridge is located in the Whiteville City School District. There is one school bus that
crosses the bridge twice daily. In a letter dated September 6, 2002, the Director of
Transportation for the Columbus County/Whiteville City Schools stated that the one
school bus could easily be rerouted. A copy of the letter is attached in the Appendix.
The studied route does not contain any bicycle accommodations, nor is it a designated
bicycle route. Therefore, no bicycle accommodations have been included as part of this
proj ect.
A letter dated August 31, 2004 was sent to Columbus County Emergency Management
soliciting comments on the proposed alternatives for the bridge replacement. No
response was received regarding which alternative Emergency Management would
prefer.
III. ALTERNATIVES
A. Project Description
The proposed project would consist of replacing Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437 over Pine
Log Swamp with a wider and safer structure that would lead to safer and more efficient
traffic operations in the area.
Based on a preliminary hydraulic analysis that was conducted in conjunction with field
reconnaissance of the site, the recommended length of the proposed replacement structure
is a 90-foot long bridge. The replacement bridge would provide a clear roadway width of
40 feet, carrying two 12-foot wide travel lanes with 8-foot offsets (Figure 3B).
The roadway approaches would provide two 12-foot travel lanes, 2-foot paved shoulders,
and a total shoulder width of 8 feet. The roadway grade would be approximately the
same as the existing road (Figure 3A). The design speed of the roadway approaches is 60
mph, and the posted speed would be 55 mph.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
2
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
B. Build Alternatives
There are two alternatives for replacing Bridge No. 148, which are outlined below:
Alternative 1
Alternative 1 would replace the existing bridge with new a structure constructed in the
same location as the existing bridge (Figures 2A and 2B). Permanent approach work
would extend approximately 280 feet west of the bridge and approximately 150 feet east
with a total length (including the bridge) of approximately 520 feet. During construction,
traffic would be maintained on an off-site detour (Figure 1). The studied detour utilizes
SR 1439 (Legion Drive), US 76-74 Business/NC 130, and SR 1440 (Fruit Ridge Road) to
get from one side of Bridge No.148 to the other. There are no posted structures on the
proposed detour. The detour is approximately 3.45 miles long. With an additional travel
time of 4 minutes over the expected detour period of six to eight months, the delay for
this off-site detour is considered to be acceptable under NCDOT guidelines. The
majority of the traffic currently using Bridge No. 148 is bound for the City of Whiteville
or destinations served by US 701. This traffic would use SR 1440 and US 74-76
Business to reach their destinations and would not be routed over SR 1439. The Division
Construction Engineer has recommended that SR 1440 be widened and resurfaced in
order to handle the traffic increase created by this detour. The cost of this improvement
is included in the cost estimates below.
Alternative 2
Alternative 2 would replace the existing bridge with a new structure constructed in the
same location as the existing bridge (Figure 2A). Alternative 2 would use a temporary
on-site detour north of the existing bridge to maintain traffic during construction.
Temporary approach work would extend approximately 625 feet west of the bridge and
approximately 750 feet east of the bridge for a total length of approximately 1,375 feet.
The detour structure would consist of three 84-inch diameter corrugated steel pipes. The
detour structure would be located approximately 50 feet, centerline to centerline, north of
the existing bridge and provide a total roadway width of 30 feet and would carry two 12-
foot wide travel lanes with 3-foot paved shoulders. The detour roadway approaches
would provide two 12-foot travel lanes and 8-foot unpaved shoulders. The design speed
of the detour approaches is 50 mph, and the posted speed limit would be 45 mph. The
total length of the temporary detour would be approximately 1,050 feet.
C. Alternatives Eliminated from Further Study
The "Do-Nothing" alternative was eliminated from further study because the existing
bridge is considered functionally obsolete and structurally deficient. Over time the
bridge would continue to deteriorate and would eventually lead to the closing of the
bridge. Due to daily traffic flow considerations, this alternative is not an option.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
3
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
D. Preferred Alternative
Alternative 1, replacing the bridge in its existing location and utilizing an off-site detour,
was selected as the Preferred Alternative. Alternative 1 was selected because using an
off-site detour minimizes costs and impacts to natural resources caused by temporary
construction. The plan sheet for the Preferred Alternative is included in Figure 213.
IV. ESTIMATED COSTS
The estimated costs for each alternative, based on current dollars, are shown below:
Table 1. Estimated Proiect Costs
ALT 1 (Preferred
Alternative) ALT 2
Roadway Approaches $140,975 $315,720
Proposed New Bridge $306,000 $306,000
Temporary Structure $0 $45,000
Widen & Resurface SR 1440 $98,000 $0
Structure Removal $15,840 $15,840
Misc. & Mobilization $111,185 $197,440
Engineering & Contingencies $101,000 $120,000
Total Construction Costs $773,000 $1,000,000
Right of Way and Utilities $51,000 $54,125
Total Project Cost $824,000 $1,054,125
The estimated cost of the project as shown in the 2006-2012 NCDOT Transportation
Improvement Program is $1,155,000 including $150,000 spent in prior years, $55,000 for
right-of-way and $950,000 for construction.
V. NATURAL RESOURCES
A. Methodology
Published information and resources were collected prior to the field investigation.
Information sources used to prepare this report included the following:
• United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5 minute quadrangle maps (Whiteville
and Chadbourn, NC 1990)
• NCDOT aerial photograph of the project area (2001)
• Soil maps and descriptions of the soils found in the project area (Columbus
County Soil Survey, Natural Resources Conservation Service [MRCS] 1990)
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
4
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
• North Carolina Department of the Environment and Natural Resources
(NCDENR), Division of Water Quality (DWQ) basin-wide assessment
information (NCDWQ 2004)
• United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) list of protected and candidate
species (USFWS 2003)
• North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NHP) files of rare species and unique
habitats
Water resource information was obtained from publications posted on the World Wide
Web by DWQ.
The USFWS provided a list of threatened and endangered species known to occur in
Columbus County on December 30, 2003 (updated March 14, 2006), prior to initiation of
the field investigation. Information concerning species under state protection was
obtained from the NHP database of rare species and unique habitats. The NHP database
was consulted to determine if known protected species occurrences have been previously
documented from the coverage area of the USGS Whiteville quadrangle prior to the field
investigation. NHP files were reviewed for known locations of listed species and
significant natural areas on March 29, 2004.
A field investigation was conducted within the project study area by THE LPA GROUP
of North Carolina (LPA) biologists on February 3, 2004. The project vicinity is an area
extending 0.5-mile from the study area. The study area for B-4080 extends 590 feet west
of the existing bridge and 650 feet east of the existing bridge (approximately 0.24 miles
total) and encompasses a 200-foot wide corridor centered along the existing centerline of
SR 1437.
Water resources were identified, and their physical characteristics were recorded. For the
purposes of this study, a habitat assessment was performed within the project study area.
Plant communities and associated wildlife were identified using a variety of observation
techniques; including active searching, visual observations, and identification of
characteristic signs of wildlife (sounds, tracks, scats, and burrows). Terrestrial
community classifications generally follow Schafale and Weakley (1990), where
appropriate; and plant nomenclature follows Radford et al. (1968). Biotic communities
were mapped using sub-meter accuracy Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment and
aerial photography of the project site. Vertebrate nomenclature follows Potter et al.
(1980), Martof et al. (1980), Rhode et al. (1994), the American Ornithologists' Union
(2001), and Webster et al. (1991).
Jurisdictional wetland areas were identified using the three parameter approach
(hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, wetland hydrology) established in the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987).
The boundaries of the jurisdictional areas were flagged and mapped in the field using
sub-meter accuracy GPS equipment. Jurisdictional areas were characterized according to
the classification scheme established by Cowardin et al. (1979).
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
5
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
B. Physiography and Soils
The project study area is located in the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province of North
Carolina. The topography in the project study area is nearly level to gently sloping.
Elevations in the project study area range from approximately 66 to 82 feet above mean
sea level (USGS 1990). The project study area consists of existing maintained right-of-
way including fill slopes, rural, residential, and forested areas. Surrounding land uses
include agricultural, residential, commercial, and forested lands.
According to the Columbus County Soil Survey General Soil Map, the project study area
is located within an area mapped as Norfolk-Lynchburg-Goldsboro soil association
(NRCS 1990). Soil associations contain one or more detailed map units and occupy a
unique natural landscape. Detailed map units are named for the major soil series within
the unit, but may contain minor inclusions of other soil series. The soil survey describes
the Norfolk-Lynchburg-Goldsboro soil association as nearly level to gently sloping, well
drained to somewhat poorly drained upland soils that have a sandy or loamy surface layer
and a loamy subsoil.
There are three detailed map unit types that occur within the project study area,
including:
Goldsboro fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, (Aquic Paleudults);
Lynchburg fine sandy loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes, (Aeric Paleaquults); and,
Megget fine sandy loam, frequently flooded, <2 percent slopes, (Typic
Albaqualfs).
Megget fine sandy loam is listed as a hydric soil in Columbus County (USDA 1991).
Goldsboro fine sandy loam and Lynchburg fine sandy loam are listed as having hydric
inclusions such as Rains soils (Typic Paleaquults) (USDA 1991).
C. Water Resources
1.0 Waters Impacted
The project study area is located in the 03-07-58 sub-basin of the Lumber River Basin
(NCDWQ 2004a). The study area is part of the USGS hydrologic unit 03040203 (EPA
2004). Two bodies of water are located in the project study area. These include Pine
Log Swamp and Pine Log Branch. Pine Log Branch originates northwest of the project
area in the wetlands of Pine Log Bay and flows southeast into Pine Log Swamp near the
town of Whiteville in central Columbus County. Pine Log Branch has been assigned the
Stream Index Number (SIN) 15-4-8-7; Pine Log Swamp has been assigned the SIN 15-4-
1-1-2-2-3 (NCDWQ 2004b).
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
6
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
2.0 Water Resource Characteristics
Pine Log Swamp is a perennial swamp with a very slow flow over substrate consisting of
fine sandy loam with a high organic content at the surface. Pine Log Swamp would
provide a warm water aquatic habitat. Water clarity at the time of the site inspection was
moderate (due to tannic staining). There is no well defined stream channel within the
project study area. The study area consists predominantly of swamp, which is apparently
inundated due to multiple beaver dams that are present within and down stream of the
study area. Pine Log Swamp most closely resembles Rosgen stream type DA6. The
inundated portion was approximately 500 feet wide through the study area. Riffles and
pools were not evident. Surface flow through the study area is interrupted by SR 1437
and forced through the opening provided at the bridge. The existing bridge opening is 55
feet wide, and some scouring was evident beneath and immediately downstream of the
bridge. Water depth at the bridge was estimated to be three to four feet at the time of the
field visit.
2.1 Best Usage and Water Quality Classification
A Best Usage Classification is assigned to waters of the State of North Carolina based on
the existing or contemplated best usage of various streams or segments of streams in the
basin. Pine Log Swamp and Pine Log Branch have both been assigned a Best Use
Classification of C and Sw (NCDWQ 2004b). Classification C indicates fresh waters that
support aquatic life propagation and survival, fishing, wildlife, secondary recreation, and
agriculture. Secondary recreation would include, wading, boating, and other uses
involving human body contact with water where such activities take place in an
infrequent, unorganized, or incidental manner. There are no restrictions on watershed
development or types of discharges (NCDWQ 2004c). Point source discharges of treated
wastewater are permitted in these waters, pursuant to Rules .0104 and .0211 of 15A
NCAC 2B; local programs to control non-point source and stormwater discharge of
pollution are required. Supplemental classification Sw designation refers to Swamp
Waters, which are described as having low velocities, low pH, and low dissolved- oxygen
(DENR 2004c).
There are no Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW), High Quality Waters (HQW), WS-I,
or WS-II waters within the project vicinity (NCDWQ 2004b). Pine Log Swamp and Pine
Log Branch are not designated as North Carolina Natural and Scenic Rivers (NCNSR), or
as National Wild and Scenic Rivers (NWSR, NPS 2004).
2.2 Macroinvertebrate Monitoring
There are two benthic macroinvertebrate sampling stations near the study area, one at
Soules Swamp (at SR 1420) which is approximately two miles southwest of the study
area, and one at White Marsh (at SR 100 1) which is approximately seven miles southeast
of the study area (NCDWQ 2003a). White Marsh was sampled on February 1, 2001, and
Soules Swamp was sampled on March 5, 1992; however, the DWQ did not rate these
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areas in the 2003 Lumber River Basinwide Water Quality Management Plan (NCDWQ
2003b). The reason they were not rated is that swamp streams present a unique challenge
because of their seasonally interrupted flows, lower dissolved oxygen, lower pH, dark
water, and braided channels (NCDWQ 2003c). The DWQ is still in the process of
developing a special criterion for swampy streams (NCDWQ 2003c).
2.3 North Carolina Index of Biotic Integrity
The only fish sampling station in the sub-basin is at the Brown Marsh Swamp (at SR
1700), which is approximately 10 miles north of the study area (NCDWQ 2003b). This
station was sampled on March 27, 1996; however, the DWQ is currently revising their
rating methods for fish communities, and therefore, Brown Marsh Swamp has not been
rated (NCDWQ 2003b).
2.4 Section 303(d) Waters
None of the water resources within the project study corridor are designated as
biologically impaired water bodies regulated under the provisions of the Clean Water Act
(CWA) §303(d) (NCDWQ 2002b).
2.5 Permitted Dischargers
There are no permitted NPDES discharges to Pine Log Branch or Pine Log Swamp
(NCDWQ 2003d). However, there are four permitted point source discharges within a
five mile radius of the study area (NCDWQ 2003a). These are either located downstream
of the project area, or are in streams that converge with Pine Log Branch and Pine Log
Swamp at a point downstream from the project study area.
2.6 Non-Point Source Discharges
LPA biologists reviewed aerial photography and conducted a limited visual observation
of potential NPS discharges located within and near the project study area. Atmospheric
deposition from passing vehicles; fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides from nearby
residential and agricultural areas; and hydrocarbon and chemical runoff from nearby
roadways were identified as potential sources of NPS pollution near the project study
area.
3.0 Anticipated Impacts to Water Resources
Short-term impacts to water quality, such as sedimentation and turbidity, may result from
construction-related activities. Temporary construction impacts due to erosion and
sedimentation would be minimized through implementation of a stringent erosion control
schedule and the use of Best Management Practices (BMPs). The contractor would be
required to follow contract specifications pertaining to erosion control measures as
outlined in 23 CFR 650 Subpart B and Article 107-13 entitled Control of Erosion,
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Siltation, and Pollution pursuant to NCDOT's Standard Specifications for Roads and
Structures. These measures include the use of dikes, berms, silt basins, and other
containment measures to control runoff. Measures also include the elimination of
construction staging areas adjacent to waterways. Disturbed sites would be revegetated
with herbaceous cover after construction to help reduce runoff and lessen sediment
loadings. Direct discharges into streams would be avoided whenever possible. Runoff
would be permitted to filter through roadside vegetation in order to remove possible
contaminants and to decrease runoff velocities.
Other impacts to water quality that would be anticipated as a result of this project include
changes in water temperature due to more exposure to sunlight (from the removal of
vegetation beside the canals), increased shade due to construction of new structures, and
changes in stormwater flows due to changes in the amount of impervious surface adjacent
to the stream channel. However, due to the limited amount of overall change in the
surrounding areas, impacts would be expected to be temporary in nature.
Waters within the study area have been assigned a Best Usage Classification of C and
Sw, which falls into the category of a Case 3 stream according to Best Management
Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal (BMP-BDRs). A Case 3 stream has no
special restrictions other than those outlined in Best Management Practices for Protection
of Surface Waters.
3.1 Impacts Related to Bridge Demolition and Removal
Section 402-2 of NCDOT's Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures is entitled
Removal of Existing Structure. This section outlines restrictions and BMP-BDRs, and
details guidelines for calculating maximum potential temporary fill in water resource
resulting from demolition of an existing bridge. These standards would be followed
during the replacement of Bridge No. 148.
There is the potential that the superstructure could be dropped into Waters of the United
States during demolition and removal of Bridge No. 148. The superstructure consists of a
reinforced concrete deck and concrete curbs supported on 1-beams. The maximum
potential temporary fill in the Pine Log Swamp resulting from bridge demolition
activities would be approximately 43.44 cubic yards.
D. Biotic Resources
Terrestrial and aquatic communities are included in the description of biotic resources.
Systems described in the following sections include communities of associated plants and
animals. These descriptions refer to the dominant flora and fauna observed in each
community during the field investigation. Descriptions of the terrestrial systems are
presented in the context of plant community classifications. These classifications follow
Schafale and Weakley (1990) where possible. Representative faunal species that are
likely to occur in these habitats (based on published range distributions) are also cited.
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Scientific nomenclature and common names are used for species described. Subsequent
references to the same species are by the common name only. Fauna observed and/or
heard (in the case of bird species) during field investigations are denoted with an asterisk
1.0 Plant Communities
Upland vegetative communities within the study corridor are all classified as disturbed-
maintained communities. Distinct vegetative assemblages have become established in
three different upland areas due to land use patterns and frequencies of disturbance.
Wetland vegetative communities within the study corridor include an inundated
hardwood forest community and an adjacent area of wetland dominated by planted pines.
A more detailed description of these communities follows.
1.1 Disturbed-Maintained Communities
Three types of upland habitat that have recently been or are currently impacted by human
disturbance are present in the study corridor; including regularly maintained roadside
shoulders, a fallow agricultural field, and residential areas. The majority of these habitats
are kept in a low-growing or early successional state. The fallow agricultural field within
the project area is dominated by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) saplings and broomsedge
(Andropogon virginicus). The residential area includes maintained lawns and refuse piles
near outbuildings. These areas are dominated by various turf grasses, ornamental and
exotic vegetation. Vegetation along the road shoulders consists of grasses and
opportunistic weedy species. Native vegetation is also present in transition zones
between residential and natural areas.
1.2 Wetland Communities
Two wetland areas are present within the study area. These wetlands consist
predominantly of inundated hardwood forest with an adjacent area of planted pines. The
dominant tree species in the hardwood forest include bald cypress (Taxodium distichum),
swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora), red maple (Acer rubrum), tulip poplar (Liriodendron
tulipifera), loblolly pine, and Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense). Additional species
observed include giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea), red bay (Persea borbonia),
American holly (Ilex opaca), supplejack (Berchemia scandens), wild grape (Vitis sp.),
climbing hydrangea (Decumaria barbara), and laurel-leaf catbrier (Smilax laurifolia).
The area of planted pine was dominated by loblolly pine and also included water oak
(Quercus nigra), laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua),
Chinese privet, and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica). Section 4.1 provides
further information on these wetlands. The wetland communities dominate the study area
and may be classified as predominantly Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Blackwater
Subtype), as described by Schafale and Weakley (1990).
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2.0 Wildlife
The study area was visually surveyed for signs of terrestrial and aquatic wildlife. Little
wildlife was observed during the field investigation. Fauna likely to occur in the study
area based on published ranges are also included.
2.1 Terrestrial Wildlife
Bird species observed or likely to occur in the study area include such species as the
American robin* (Turdus migratorius), mockingbird* (Mimus polyglottos), golden-
crowned kinglet* (Regulus satrapa), yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius), and
the Carolina wren* (Thryothorus ludovicianus).
Mammals observed or likely to occur in the study area include such species as the
opossum* (Didelphis virginiana), raccoon (Procyon lotor), beaver* (Castor canadensis),
and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).
Terrestrial reptiles observed or likely to occur in the study area include such species as
the green anole* (Anolis carolinensis), black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta), milk snake
(Lampropeltis triangulum), Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina), and the common
king snake (Lampropeltis getulus).
Terrestrial amphibians observed or likely to occur in the study area include such species
as the mud salamander (Pseudotriton montamus), northern cricket frog (Acris crepitans),
American toad (Bufo americanus), and the four-toed salamander (Hemidactylum
scutatum).
3.0 Aquatic Community
According to the Columbus County Soil Survey and USGS topographic map, Pine Log
Branch flows through Pine Log Swamp within the study area. However; as described in
Section 2.0, Water Resource Characteristics; no distinct channel was observed during the
field investigation. No aquatic vegetation was observed in the swamp during the field
assessment. A visual survey of the swamp within the project study area was conducted to
document the aquatic community.
3.1 Aquatic Wildlife
Fish species observed or likely to occur in the study area include such species as the
mosquito fish* (Gambusia aff nis), golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas), eastern
mudminnow (Umbra pygmaea), mud sunfish (Acantharchus pomotis), and the swamp
darter (Etheostoma fusiforme).
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Aquatic reptiles expected to occur in the study include such species as the yellowbelly
slider (Chrysemys scripta), mud snake (Farancia abacura), redbelly water snake
(Nerodia erythrogaster), and the cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus).
Aquatic amphibians expected to occur in the study area include such species as the lesser
siren (Siren intermedia), southern dusky salamander (Desmognathus auriculatus), spring
peeper (Hyla crucifer), and the southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala).
Potential habitat exists in the study area to support a variety of aquatic bird species.
Suitable habitat exists for the wood duck (Aix sponsa), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos),
great blue heron* (Ardea herodias), and the belted kingfisher* (Megaceryle alcyon).
4.0 Anticipated Impacts to Biotic Communities
Impacts to terrestrial and aquatic communities associated with the replacement of the
existing bridge and related detours are discussed in the following sections.
4.1 Terrestrial Communities
Plant communities located within the study area total 5.24 acres (Table 2). These areas
are based on a 1,267-foot long study area with a width of approximately 200 feet, situated
on the centerline of existing SR 1437.
Table 2. Plant Communities necnrrinu within the R-400 Ctnriv Area
Potential Impacts
Area Occupied by (acres)
Plant Community Community Permanent
(acres) (offsite [Preferred] Temporary
and onsite detours) (onsite detour)
Disturbed-
Maintained 3.1 0.22 0.6
Wetland
Communities 2.1 0.05 0.7
Total 5.2 0.27 1.3
Permanent impacts to wildlife resulting from the proposed project would be minimal due
to the limited amount of habitat that would be impacted. Although some loss of habitat
immediately adjacent to existing road shoulders would result, these areas are of limited
value as wildlife habitat.
4.2 Wetland Communities
Temporary impacts include those impacts that would result from demolition of the
existing bridge and construction of the replacement bridge (Table 3). For the Preferred
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Alternative an offsite detour would be used during construction thereby avoiding
additional temporary wetland or stream impacts that would result from an onsite detour.
Permanent impacts to Waters of the United States are those impacts that occur in areas
within the construction limits (Table 5). BMPs would be employed by the construction
contractor to first avoid and then minimize impacts to Waters of the United States.
Erosion and sedimentation would be controlled by implementation of a Sediment and
Erosion Control Plan during construction. Any areas of Waters of the United States that
were temporarily impacted would be restored to their original condition following
completion of the disturbance activity. Potential surface water impacts are included in
Table 3.
Table 3. Anticipated Impacts to Surface Waters/Wetlands
Jurisdictional
Areas ALT. 1 (Preferred ALT. 2
Alternative)
Permanent Temporary Permanent Temporary
Impacts Impacts Impacts Impacts
Wetland A 0.04 None 0.04 0.7
Wetland B 0.01 None 0.01 None
Total (acres) 0.05 None 0.05 0.7
Total Wetland
Impacts (acres) 0.05 0.75
Stream Impacts None None None None
(acres)
Stream Impacts None None None None
(linear feet)
Total Stream
Impacts (linear No Impact No Impact
feet)
4.3 Aquatic Communities
Permanent impacts to water resources associated with either of the alternatives would be
limited to 0.05 acres of clean fill material placed in the inundated, wooded swamp
adjacent to the existing roadway for improvements to the bridge approaches. Therefore,
impacts to aquatic communities would be minimal.
Temporary impacts to aquatic organisms may result from increased sedimentation during
construction. Aquatic invertebrates would likely drift downstream during and after
construction to recolonize the disturbed area. Sediments have the potential to affect fish
and other aquatic life in several ways, including the clogging and abrading of gills and
other respiratory surfaces, affecting the habitat by filling wetlands, and altering water
chemistry. Increased sedimentation may also cause decreased light penetration through
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an increase in turbidity. NCDOT's BMPs for the protection of surface waters would be
enforced to reduce impacts during demolition and construction phases.
E. Special Topics
1.0 Waters of the United States
1.1 Wetlands
Jurisdictional wetlands in the project study area are palustrine in nature, as defined in
Cowardin et al. (1979). Palustrine systems include all nontidal wetlands dominated by
trees, shrubs, persistent emergents, and emergent mosses and all wetlands where salinity
due to ocean-derived salts is below 0.5% (Cowardin et al. 1979). The dominant wetland
type within the study area is dominated by broad-leaved deciduous vegetation and is
seasonally flooded, giving it a Cowardin classification of PFO1 C. A small portion of this
wetland consists of an area dominated by planted loblolly pines with an understory of
broad-leaved deciduous vegetation, which appears to be
saturated/semipermanent/seasonal as evidenced by hydrologic indicators in the soil,
giving it a Cowardin classification of PF04Y.
1.2 Jurisdictional Streams
Pine Log Branch is located within the study area. However, as described in Section V. C.
2.0, Water Resource Characteristics the wetlands within the study corridor are inundated,
and a stream channel within the wetlands was not discernable during the field
investigation. Pine Log Branch is classified a Water of the United States. Based on a
review of the USGS topographic map and the soil survey, there is approximately 200
linear feet of stream within the project study corridor.
2.0 Permits and Certifications
The following federal and state permits and certifications would be required prior to
beginning construction.
2.1 Section 404
In accordance with provisions of Section 404 of the CWA (33 United States Code
[U.S.C.] 1344), a permit would be required from the USACE for the discharge of dredged
or fill material into Waters of the United States. Because the project is being documented
as a Categorical Exclusion, it is expected that the project would qualify for a Nationwide
Permit 23, which applies to approved Categorical Exclusions. In addition, a Nationwide
Permit 33 which applies to temporary construction, access, and dewatering may be
required if temporary construction is required that is not described in the Categorical
Exclusion.
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2.2 Water Quality Certification
Section 401 of the CWA requires that the state issue or deny a Water Quality
Certification (WQC) for any federally permitted or licensed activity that many result in a
discharge into Waters of the United States. Section 401 Certification allows surface
waters to be temporarily impacted for the duration of the construction or other land
manipulation. Issuance of a 401 Certification from the DWQ is a prerequisite to the
issuance of a Section 404 Permit. If the general conditions of the corresponding WQC
will be met, written concurrence from the DWQ will not be required.
3.0 Mitigation
Mitigation has been defined in NEPA regulations to include efforts which: a) avoid; b)
minimize; c) rectify; d) reduce or eliminate; or e) compensate for adverse impacts to the
environment [40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1508.20 (a-e)].
Federal Highway Administration policy stresses that all practicable measures should be
taken to avoid or minimize impacts to wetlands that would be affected by federally,
funded highway construction. A sequencing (step-down) procedure is recommended in
the event that avoidance is impossible. Mitigation employed outside of the highway
right-of-way must be reviewed and approved on a case-by-case basis.
Avoidance - Wetlands and Waters of the United States are present along both sides of
the proposed project. Because the project involves replacement of an existing structure,
impacts to adjacent wetlands caused by improvements to the existing bridge approaches
and replacement of bridge piers cannot be avoided.
Minimization - Impacts to the adjacent wetlands would be minimized by using 3:1 fill
slopes through wetlands. No lateral ditches would be constructed in wetlands.
Utilization of BMPs would be required of the contractor to further minimize wetland
impacts. The selection of Alternative I (off-site detour) as the Preferred Alternative
minimizes impacts that would be caused by temporary construction.
Compensatory mitigation - According to the conditions of the Nationwide Permit, the
USACE would determine if the impacts are minimal and would at that time determine if
compensatory mitigation is required. However, because the project would cause less than
0.1-acre of impact to wetlands, it is anticipated that no mitigation would be required.
Final mitigation decision rests with the USACE.
F. Protected Species
Some populations of plants and animals are declining either as a result of natural forces
or their difficulty competing with humans for resources. Rare and protected species
listed for Columbus County and likely impacts to these species as a result of the proposed
project construction are discussed in the following sections.
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1.0 Species Under Federal Protection
Species with the federal classification of Endangered (E), Threatened (T), or Officially
Proposed (P) for such listing, are protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The eight federally protected species listed
for Columbus County (USFWS database dated March 7, 2002, Columbus County List
updated March 14, 2006) are provided in Table 4.
Table 4. Federallv Protected Species Listed fnr C olumhns County- NC"

Common Name
Scientific Name Federal
Status* Biological
Conclusion
Vertebrates
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus
leucocephalus T(P/D) No Effect
Red-cockaded
woodpecker Picoides borealis E No Effect
Wood stork Mycteria americana E No Effect
Shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum E No Effect
Waccamaw silverside Menidia extensa T No Effect
American alligator Alligator
mississippiensis T(S/A) Not Applicable
Vascular Plants
Rough-leaved loosestrife Lysimachia
asperulae olia E** No Effect
Cooley's meadowrue Thalictrum cooleyi E No Effect
*E- Endangered, T- Threatened, T(SA)- Threatened due to similarity of appearance
**- Historic record (last observed over 50 years ago).
Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Adult bald eagles have a white head, white tail, and a large yellow bill, with the rest of its
plumage being dark in color. Immature bald eagles are dark with light splotching on the
body, underwing coverts, flight feathers, and tail base. The bird averages 31 to 37 inches
in length with a 70 to 90 inch wingspan.
Breeding areas are normally within 2.5 miles of coastal areas, bays, rivers, lakes, or other
bodies of water that can provide them with their main food sources; fish, waterfowl and
seabirds. Manmade reservoirs provide an excellent habitat for bald eagles (TPW 2004).
Bald eagles prefer roosts in conifers or other sheltered sites in the winter; it would
typically select large accessible trees for roosting areas. However, in some areas it is
common to see eagles roosting in both coniferous and deciduous trees. Eagles avoid
areas with nearby human activity (boat traffic, pedestrians) and development (buildings).
Nest sites are usually in tall trees or on cliffs near water. The bald eagle would nest in a
variety of trees including, pine, spruce, fir, cottonwood, oak, poplar, and beech. Ground
nesting has been reported on the Aleutian Islands in Alaska, in Canada's Northwest
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Territories, and in Ohio, Michigan, and Texas. Nests located on cliffs and rock pinnacles
have been reported historically in California, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah, but
currently are known to occur only in Alaska and Arizona. Nests are usually re-used and
enlarged every year. They can reach 20 feet in diameter and weigh up to 4,000 pounds
(FWS 1999).
Based on a review of NHP records, there are no documented occurrences of bald eagle
within a three-mile radius of the project study area.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP elemental occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of bald eagle in the project vicinity. There are no large open waters
near the project study area that could be used for nesting or foraging habitat by
the bald eagle. The proposed project would have No Effect on this federally
threatened species.
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
bald eagle was conducted using an evaluation of existing information, and an
assessment of the habitat requirements. Additionally, the NHP elemental
occurrence database was consulted on March 29, 2004.
Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis)
The red-cockaded woodpecker is a small woodpecker with a wingspan that reaches 15
inches. The plumage of the red-cockaded woodpecker includes black and white
horizontal stripes on its back, white cheeks and breast, black-streaked flanks, and a black
cap and throat. Males have small red spots or "cockades" on each side of the cap
(USFWS, The Red Book. 1993). Preferred nesting habitat of the red-cockaded
woodpecker is old-growth pine forests (stems >- 60 years old) that are relatively free of
hardwood undergrowth. Suitable foraging habitat includes pine and pine hardwood
stands with pine stems >- 30 years of age. The range of the red-cockaded woodpecker
mirrors that of southern pine forests that it inhabits. Historically it was found from
eastern Texas to Florida and north to New Jersey. Preferred habitat is old-growth pine
forests that are relatively free of hardwood undergrowth.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP elemental occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of the red-cockaded woodpecker in the project vicinity and no
suitable habitat was observed within the project study area. The proposed project
would have No Effect on this federally endangered species.
Analysis Details -
Methodolog Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to red-
cockaded woodpecker was conducted using an evaluation of existing information
and an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat requirements and
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occurrence of the species in North Carolina. The NHP elemental occurrence
database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
Wood Stork (Mycteria americana)
Wood storks are large, long legged wading birds that can grow up to 50 inches tall with a
wingspan of 60 to 65 inches. Their plumage is white except for black primaries and
secondaries and a short black tail. The head and neck are largely unfeathered and dark
gray in color. The bill is black, thick at the base, and slightly decurved. Immature birds
are a dingy gray color and have yellowish bills (FWS 2003).
The wood stork's habitat consists of freshwater and brackish wetlands, with nesting areas
in cypress or mangrove swamps. They feed in freshwater marshes, narrow tidal creeks,
or flooded tidal pools, with attractive feeding sites being depressions in marshes or
swamps where fish become concentrated during periods of falling water levels (FWS
2003).
Based on a review of NHP records there are no documented occurrences of wood stork
within a three-mile radius of the project study area.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP element occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of the wood stork in the project vicinity. There are no cypress or
mangrove swamps used for nesting by the wood stork within the project study
area. Also, freshwater marshes, narrow tidal creeks, flooded tidal pools, and
depressions in marshes or swamps used by the wood stork for foraging are not
present within the project study area. The proposed project would have No Effect
on this federally endangered species.
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
wood stork was conducted using an evaluation of existing information, and an
assessment of the habitat requirements. Additionally, the NHP element
occurrence database was consulted on March 29, 2004.
Shortnose Sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum)
The shortnose sturgeon is a species of fish that is found in riverine, estuarine, and
occasionally near shore marine environments of eastern North America and the Atlantic
Ocean. The shortnose sturgeon is an anadromous species, which means that it spends
portions of its life cycle in freshwater environments, but also is known to utilize saline
environments. For the shortnose sturgeon, spawning and larval stages of the life cycle
typically occur within freshwater areas that are above the zone of tidal influence
(National Marine Fisheries Service, 1998). Juvenile and adult shortnose sturgeon in areas
of the southeastern United States spend the majority of the time foraging near the
freshwater/saltwater interface in riverine and estuarine environments (National Marine
Fisheries Service, 1998). Shortnose sturgeons reach a maximum length of approximately
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four feet. They have a short, blunt snout with the mouth located on the underside of the
snout that is used to forage for prey items such as mussels and crustaceans.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP elemental occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of the shortnose sturgeon in the project vicinity and no suitable
habitat was observed within the project study area. The proposed project would
have No Effect on this federally endangered species.
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to
shortnose sturgeon was conducted using an evaluation of existing information and
an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat requirements and
occurrence of this species in North Carolina. The NHP elemental occurrence
database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
Waccamaw Silverside (Menidia extensa)
The Waccamaw silverside is a small, almost transparent fish with silver stripes on both
sides of the body along the lateral lines. The silverside is a thin bodied fish that reaches a
length of approximately 2.5 inches. The silverside is endemic to Lake Waccamaw, but it
is occasionally found in (or along) the upper limits of the Waccamaw River during
periods of high water. The USFWS has designated Lake Waccamaw and a 0.4-mile
section of Big Creek, from Lake Waccamaw to County Road 1947, as the silverside's
critical habitat.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
Lake Waccamaw is located 10 miles east of the study area, and no known
occurrences of the Waccamaw silverside have been reported by the NHP within
the project vicinity. Therefore, the proposed project would have no effect on this
federally threatened species.
Analysis Details -
Methodolo&y: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
Waccamaw silverside was conducted using an evaluation of existing information
and an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat requirements and
occurrence of this species in North Carolina. The NBP elemental occurrence
database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
The American alligator is classified as threatened due to its similarity in appearance to
the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus), which is endangered. The alligator ranges
throughout the southeastern United States from North Carolina west to Texas and north
to Arkansas. Suitable habitat for the alligator includes swamps, rivers, marshes, and
lakes. Prey species for alligators include turtles, fish, ducks, wading birds, and mammals.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
19
r ?
B-4080 Bridge Replacement
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
Columbus County, NC
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: Not Applicable
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
American alligator was conducted using an evaluation of existing information and
an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat requirements and
occurrence of this species in North Carolina. The NHP elemental occurrence
database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
Rough-leaved Loosestrife (Lysimachia asperulaefolia)
Rough-leaved loosestrife is a tall slender perennial that reaches a height of 12 to 24
inches. The stalk is rarely branched. The leaves occur in whorls around the stem in
groups of three to four. Five-petaled yellow flowers are located on terminal stems that
are between two to four inches in length. The bloom period for rough-leaved loosestrife
is from May to June. Suitable habitat consists of sandy soils and moist peat found in pine
flatwoods, savannas, seep bogs, and pocosins.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP elemental occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of the rough-leaved loosestrife in the project vicinity, and no suitable
habitat was observed within the project study area. The proposed project would
have No Effect on this federally endangered species.
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
rough-leaved loosestrife was conducted using an evaluation of existing
information and an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat
requirements and occurrence of this species in North Carolina. The NHP
elemental occurrence database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
Cooley's Meadowrue (Thalictrum cooleyi)
Cooley's meadowrue is a perennial plant that generally ranges in height from 31 to 39
inches. The stems tend to be erect when the plant occurs in full sun conditions and tend
to be lax when in shaded conditions. Leaves generally occur in groups of three, and basal
and stem leaves are typically present. Cooley's meadowrue flowers do not have petals.
Sepals on male flowers range from pale yellow to white, while sepals on female flowers
are green. The bloom period is mid- to late June. The natural environment for Cooley's
meadowrue consists of bogs and savannahs; however, they can occur in disturbed areas
such as ditches and power line clearings.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect
According to the NHP elemental occurrence database records, there are no known
occurrences of Cooley's meadowrue in the project vicinity, and no suitable habitat
was observed within the project study area. The proposed project would have No
Effect on this federally endangered species.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
20
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
Analysis Details -
Methodology: Analysis of the possible presence of and potential impacts to the
Cooley's meadowrue was conducted using an evaluation of existing information
and an assessment by the primary investigators of the habitat requirements and
occurrence of this species in North Carolina. The NHP elemental occurrence
database records were consulted on March 29, 2004.
2.0 Federal Species of Concern
Federal Species of Concern (FSC) are those plant and animal species that may or may not
be listed in the future. These species are not legally protected under the Endangered
Species Act and are not subject to any of its provisions, including Section 7, until they are
formally proposed or listed as Threatened or Endangered.
Table 5 includes FSC listed for Columbus County (March 14, 2006) and their state
classifications obtained from the NHP database. Species that are listed as Endangered
(E), Threatened (T), or Special Concern (SC) on the NHP list of Rare Plant and Animal
Species are afforded state protection under the State Endangered Species Act and the
North Carolina Plant Protection and Conservation Act of 1979. However, the level of
protection given to state-listed species does not apply to NCDOT activities.
No FSC species are recorded in the NHP database as occurring in the project vicinity.
Table 5. Federal Species of Concern (FSC) Listed for Columbus County, NC
Common Name Scientific Name State
Status Potential Habitat
Vertebrates
Rafines ue's big-eared bat Co norhinus raftnes uii T Yes
Southeastem myotis Myotis austrori arius SC** Yes
Bachman's sparrow Aimo hila aestivate SC** No
Henslow's sparrow Ammodramus henslowii SR No .
Mimic lass lizard O hisaurus mimicus SC - No
Carolina pygmy sunfish Elassoma boehlkei T Yes
Waccamaw killfish- Lake
Waccamaw population Fundulus waccamensis Sc No
Broadtail madtom Noturus s p. 1 SC# Yes
American eel Anguilla rostrata # Yes
Waccamaw darter Etheostoma erlon m T# No
Invertebrates
Waccamaw spike Elli do waccamawensis T No
Yellow lam mussel Lam sills cariosa E** No
Waccamaw fatmuket Lampsilis fullerkati T No
Savannah lilli ut Toxolasma ullus E No
Cape Fear threetooth Triodo sis soelneri T No
Townes' clubtail Stylurus townesi SR** No
Pee Dee lotic crayfish Procambarus le idodactylus # Yes
Waccamaw lance pearlymussel Elli dos . 5 # No
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
21
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442.1.1
Hessel's hairstreak Callophyrs hesseli # Yes
Vascular Plants
Savanna indigo-bush Amorpha georgiana var
con usa T No
Carolina asphodel Tofteldia labra # No
Carolina grass-of- arnassus Parnassia caroliniana E# No
Large-leaved ass-of- amassus Parnassia grandifolia T No
Cha man's sedge Carex cha manii # Yes
Venus flytrap Dionaea musci ula SR-L, SR No
Cha man's three-awn Aristida sim liciflora # No
Lon beach seedbox Ludwigia brevipes # No
Ha er's fimbry Fimbristylis erpusilla T No
A St. Johns Wort Hy ericum sp. 2 # Yes
Raven's seedbox Ludwigia ravend # No
Carolina bogmint Macbridea caroliniana T No
Savannah cowbane Oxy olis ternata # No
Pineland plantain Plantago s arsiflora E No
Swamp forest beaksedge Rh nchospora decurrens SR-P - Yes
Grassleaf arrowhead Sa ittaria weatherbiana SR-T Yes
Spring-flowering goldenrod Solida o verna SR-L No
Wireleaf dropseed Sporobolus teretifolius sensu
strlcto T No
E- Endangered, T- Threatened, SR- Significantly Rare, SC- Special Concern, SR-T- Rare throughout its
range, SR-L - Range is limited to NC and adjacent states, SR-P - Periphery of its range in NC.
* - No longer tracked by NCNHP
** - Occurs on NCNHP list but not on USFWS list
# - Not listed as a FSC on NCNHP list
^ - Obscure record
- Historic record (last observed over 50 years ago)
VI. CULTURAL RESOURCES
A. Compliance Guidelines
This project is subject to compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, implemented by the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106, codified at 36 CFR Part
800. Section 106 requires that for federally funded, licensed, or permitted projects
having effects on properties listed in or eligible for the National Register of Historic
Places, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation be given the opportunity to
comment.
B. Historic Architecture
In a memorandum dated June 30, 2004 the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO)
concurred that there are no historic resources that would be affected by the proposed
project. A copy of the memorandum is included in the Appendix.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
22
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
C. Archaeology
The State Historic Preservation Office, in a memorandum dated March 2, 2004
recommended, "no archaeological investigation be conducted in connection with this
project." A copy of the SHPO memorandum is included in the Appendix.
VII. SECTION V) RESOURCES
Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966, as amended, states in part
"The Secretary may approve a transportation project or program requiring the use of
publicly owned land of a park, recreation area, or wildlife and waterfowl refuge, or land
of a historic site of national, state, or local significance (as determined by the Federal,
State, or local officials having jurisdiction over the park, recreation area, refuge, or site)
only if-
(1) there is no prudent or feasible alternative to using that land; and
(2) the program or project includes all possible planning to minimize harm to the park,
recreation area, wildlife and waterfowl refuge, or historic site resulting from such use."
No publicly owned parks or recreational facilities, wildlife and waterfowl refuges, or
historic sites of national, state, or local significance would be impacted as a result of
proposed project. The proposed project would not require right-of-way acquisition or
easement from any land protected under Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation
Act of 1966.
VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
The project is expected to have a positive effect on transportation and the surrounding
community. The replacement of inadequate bridges would result in safer and more
efficient traffic operations.
This project is considered a Federal "Categorical Exclusion" due to its limited scope and
lack of substantial consequences.
Replacement of Bridge No. 148 would not have a negative effect on the quality of the
human or the natural environment.
This project is not in conflict with any plan, existing land use, or zoning regulation. No
change in current land use is expected to result from the project.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
23
t B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
No adverse impact on families or the community is expected. Right-of-way acquisition
would be limited. No relocatees are expected with the implementation of the proposed
alternative.
In compliance with Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low Income Populations) a review was conducted to
determine the whether minority or low income populations would receive
disproportionately high and adverse human health and environmental impacts as a result
of this project. The investigation determined the project would not disproportionately
impact any minority or low-income populations.
No adverse effect on public facilities or services is expected. The project is not expected
to adversely affect social, economic, or religious opportunities in the area. There would
be some temporary inconvenience to local travel due construction activities.
The studied route does not contain bicycle accommodations, nor is it a designated bicycle
route; therefore, no bicycle accommodations have been included as part of this project.
This project has been coordinated with the United States Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The Farmland Protection Policy Act
requires all federal agencies or their representatives to consider the potential impact to
prime farmland for all land acquisition and construction projects. Soils were identified
within a 0.5-mile radius of the project area, and checked to see if they were classified as
prime, unique, or of state or local importance. Nine of the soils identified were on the
NRCS list, Important Farmlands of North Carolina, May 1998. Soils in which all areas
are considered prime farmland included, Goldsboro Fine Sandy Loam, 0 to 2 percent
slopes (GoA), Norfolk Loamy Fine Sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes (NoB), and Norfolk
loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes (NoA). Soils in which only drained areas are
considered prime farmland included, Rains Fine Sandy Loam (Ra), Lynchburg Fine
Sandy Loam (Ly), Lumbee Fine Sandy Loam (Lu), and Torhunta Fine Sandy Loam (To).
Soils in which all areas are considered farmland of statewide importance included,
Megett Fine Sandy Loam (Me). Areas in which only drained areas are considered
farmland of statewide importance included, Coxville Loam (Co). If impacts to these soils
occur as a result of the proposed project, they are expected to be limited in nature.
No adverse effects to air quality are anticipated from this project. This project is an air
quality "neutral" project, so it is not required to be included in the regional emissions
analysis, and a project level CO analysis is not required.
The project is located in Columbus County, which has been determined to comply with
the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The proposed project is located in an
attainment area; therefore, 40 CFR Parts 51 and 93 are not applicable. This project is not
anticipated to create any adverse effects on the air quality of this attainment area.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
24
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442. 1.1
If vegetation or wood debris is disposed of by open burning, it shall be done in
accordance with applicable local laws and regulations of the North Carolina.
Implementation Plan (SIP) for air quality in compliance with 15 NCAC 2D.0520 and the
1990 Clean Air Act Amendments and the National Environmental Policy Act. This
evaluation completes the assessments for air quality, and no additional reports are
required.
Ambient noise levels may increase during the construction of this project; however this
increase would be only temporary and usually confined to daylight hours. There should
be no notable change in traffic volumes after the project is complete. Therefore, this
project would have no adverse effect on existing noise levels. Noise receptors in the
project area would not be impacted by this project. This evaluation completes the
assessment requirements for highway noise set forth in 23 CFR Part 722. No additional
reports are required.
A "Geo-Environmental Impact Evaluation" was conducted by the NCDOT at the project
site to identify any properties that may contain hazardous waste materials and result in
future environmental liability if acquired. These hazards include, underground storage
tanks (USTs), hazardous waste sites, regulated landfills, unregulated dumpsites, and any
other site or materials that are considered hazardous. A field reconnaissance survey, a
file search of appropriate environmental agencies, and a Geographical Information
System (GIS) were used to identify any known problem sites along the proposed project
alignment. The field reconnaissance survey yielded no anticipated UST sites within the
project area. A GIS analysis of the project corridor showed no regulated landfills, or
unregulated dumpsites were within the project limits. GIS analysis and field
reconnaissance found no potential RCRA or CERCLA sites within the project limits.
Based on field reconnaissance and a records search there should be no contamination
issues for the B-4080 project.
Columbus County is a participant in the Federal Flood Insurance Program. The bridge is
located within an Approximate Study Area. The new structure would be designed to
match or lower the existing 100-year storm elevation upstream of the roadway. Since the
proposed replacement of Bridge No. 148 would be a structure similar in waterway
opening size, it is not anticipated that it would have any significant adverse impact on the
existing floodplain, and it would not raise floodplain levels. The Federal Emergency
Management Agency, Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) for the project study area is
attached.
Based on the above discussion, it is concluded that no substantial environmental impacts
would result from the replacement of Bridge No. 148.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
25
B-4080 Bridge Replacement Columbus County, NC
WBS No. 33442.1.1
IX. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
Newsletters describing the proposed bridge replacement project were sent to local
residents. The newsletters give the public an opportunity to comment on the possible
alternatives for the proposed bridge replacement. A copy of the newsletter is included in
the Appendix. Comments received from local residents supported the preferred
alternative.
X. AGENCY COMMENTS
Comments on the proposed project were requested from federal, state and local agencies.
Several agencies have commented upon the proposed bridge alignment. These comments
have been considered during the environmental and design process and are included in
the appendix.
According to Mr. Ron Sechler of the National Marine Fisheries Service, anadromous fish
do not utilize this stream. Therefore, comment #4 from the USFWS made on December
30, 2003, and comment #9 made by the NCWRC on February 4, 2004, stating the use of
"Stream Crossings Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage" need not be adhered to,
and no anadromous fish moratorium is necessary.
Categorical Exclusion April 2006
26
FIGURES
A.
+ 1

aboard Railroad vl"'-' I
(Abandoned)
Bridge No. 148 ! r ?.

f/ 701 I
L
1

;
' V
U V.. ,i

WHITEVILLIE J
Y
j
130 ! c:`•?
?
---
1

SR 14317
?- 701 %
1
*****Studied Off-Site Detour ,•.. 1\ i
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Project Development and
Location Environmental Analysis Branch
r?dw 76 74 Columbus County
Columbus N Replace Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437
County, NC W+E Over Pine Log Swamp
s B-4080
0 4,000
Feet [PROJECT VICINITY MAP Figure 1
P
P
n
• OD
z
0
W
c
c
m
v
J
a
0
L
Q
,k D
I
I I / f
AS, MED 60' EXIST R/W
?_ 1=?_ k? / • 0
- - - - - - - ----------
?- \----------! S 0' EXIST R/W
PI =' 12+60.00
EL 60.28'
K = 223
VC = 112'
PI = 14+00.00
EL = 60.98'
K = 160
YC = 155'
PI = 16+45.24
EL = 59.82'
K = 380
VC = 140'
2
PROJECT REFERENCE NO. SHEET NO-
B-4080
KW SHEET NO.
tOADWAY DESIGN HYDMUEJCS
EHGWEER ENGINEER
INCOMPLE PLANS
DO Nw ORi IRM FA A0R01a7sm
PRELMN
RO NOT D$ Y PLANS
cmamDCTIDN
e,
30,(Rr) o
46G o
= m2?800AD' I
I
III
I
IIIW!D 60' EXIST R/W
I #SSU ISjZ? W
I I E? 1
11 ? 0 I
II ? 1 !
II Q/ /
FIGURE 2B

101-01 6' 1 12'- 0• MIN. I
12' 12'
AR.

12'- 0' MIN. 6'

101- 0•
18'- 0• DES. Il'wGR G_l, G_l• 11'"It 18'- 0' DES.

?v
v.eua GRADE

2' I PO N 2
F

Q

1` vuu.ru
scans
ORIGINAL GROUND DPS i .02 .02 FDPS 09
GB
6'1 41 6:1 ¦¦
1:1 ORIGINAL GROUND

eon GRADE TO THIS LINE J0
TYPICAL SECTION NO. 1
-DET-
I
3' B' y g,
11' v`TaR I 11' r•GR
ORIGINAL .06 , .02 .02
.OB
GROUND 7'1 1•,1
/
ORIGINAL
GROUND ".
GRADE TO THIS LINE North Carolina DepartmenlollTransportation
Project Development and
Environmental Analysis Branch

TYPICAL SECTION NO. 2
Replace Bridge No. 148 on S.R. 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Columbus County
B-4080
NOT TO SCALE Figure 3A
8' 12' -?- 12' 8'

w^ RR GRADE
POINT w^ __-_
TYPICAL BRIDGE SECTION
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Development and
Environmental Analysis Branch
Replace Bridge No. 148 on S.R. 1437
Over Pine Log Swamp
Columbus County
B-4080
NOT TO SCALE Figure 3B
??aH
n;

?E

i_
Looking East
on SR 1437
f?

Fri

F

_ )k* E
.' 7
'de of
#? < Eris _ o.148
•ft' ?S
vas=s
i
INE?'LO
APPROXIMATE SCALE
400 0 400 FEET

NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM
FIRM
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP
CITY OF
WHITEVILLE,
NORTH CAROLINA
COLUMBUS COUNTY
PANEL 2 OF 6
(SEE MAP INDEX FOR PANELS NOT PRINTED)
COMMUNITY-PANEL NUMBER
370071 0002 D
MAP REVISED:
AUGUST 3, 1998
Federal Emergency Management Agency
This is an official copy of a portion of the abo%e referenced flood map. it
was extracted using F-MIT On-Line. This map does not reflect changes
or amendments which may have been made subsequent to the date on the
title block. For the latest product information about National Flood Insurance
Program flood maps check the FEMA Flood Map Store at www.msc.fema.gc
Figure 5
APPENDIX
Newsletter
NCDOT
T.I.P. B-4080
Volume I, Issue I
Proposed Replacement of Bridge No. 148 1
over Pine Log Swamp on SR 1437 (Pine
T.
Log Road)
This newsletter is published by the North Carolina
Department of Transportation to provide information on the
status of the proposed replacement of the bridge over Pine
Log Swamp on SR 1437 (Pine Log Road) illustrated in the
vicinity map to the right. The proposed project is needed to
improve safety due to the deteriorated condition of the
existing bridge.
PROJECT SCHEDULE
The acquisition of right-of-way is scheduled for federal fiscal
year (FFY) 2006, with construction in FFY 2007.

Iridge No 140 ( y l '` `
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Two (2) alternatives have been studied for the proposed bridge replacement project. Both alternatives propose
to replace the bridge in its existing location. Alternative 1 would utilize an off-site detour to maintain traffic
during construction. The proposed off-site detour route is SR 1437 (Pine Log Road) to SR 1440 (Fruit Ridge
Road) to NC 130/US BUS 76/74 to SR 1439 (Legion Road) and back to SR 1437 (Pine Log Road).
Alternative 2 would maintain traffic with a temporary on-site detour on the north side of the existing bridge
during construction. Please see the figures shown on the back of this newsletter. Alternative 1 has been
recommended as the preferred alternative because it minimizes costs and environmental impacts.
NCDOT WELCOMES CITIZEN INPUT
Public involvement is an important part of the planning process. The North Carolina Department of
Transportation is committed to ensuring all issues of concern to the public are addressed and considered
before any final decisions are made. If you have any questions or comments concerning the project, please
feel free to contact the study team members below:
Mr. Vincent J. Rhea, PE
Project Manager
NCDOT-PDEA
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1548
[phone] ext. 261
vrhea a0dot.state.nc.us
Mr. Richard Davis
Project Manager
The LPA GROUP of North Carolina, P.A.
4904 Professional Ct., Suite 201
Raleigh, NC 27609
[phone]
rdavis(d-)lpagroup. com
NCDOT
T.I.P. B-4080
,F

North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Development & Environmental Branch
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1548
Postal Customer
. o Q
,
9

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PINE LOG
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B-4080 Alternative 1

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,

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B-4080 Alternative 2

f"T op
United States Department of the Interior.
RECj?.
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Raleigh Field Office
Pose Office Box 33726
cm 3 Raleigh, North Carolina 27636.3726 rrt?L?
December 30, 2003
y et Y
't CVSIS
Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D.
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-:1548
Dear Dr. Thorpe:
This letter is in response to your request for comments from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(Service) on the potential environmental impacts of the proposed replacement of Bridge No: 148
on SR 1437 over Pine Log Swamp, Columbus County, North Carolina (TIP No. B-4080). These
comments provide scoping information in accordance with provisions of the Fish and Wildlife
Coordination Act (16 U.S.C. 661-667d) and section 7 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543).
For bridge replacement projects, the Service recommends the following general conservation
measures.to avoid or minimize environmental impacts to fish and wildlife:resources:
1. Wetland, forest and designated riparian buffer impacts should be avoided and minimized
to the maximum extent practical;
2. If unavoidable wetland impacts are, proposed, every effort should be made to identify
compensatory mitigation, sites in advancer Project planning'should include a detailed
compensatory::mitigation:plan foi offsetting unavoidable wetland impacts. Opportunities .
to protect: m?tigation.areas in perpetuity via conservatiotz easements, land mists or by:
other `mdans should tie explored at the 'outset,
3. Off site detours should be:used rather tliaii:construction of temporary, cin=site bridges:
For prod ects requiring, an on :site detour m wetlands or open water, .such. detours should be. .
Aligned along the side of the'existing structure which has the least an or: least quality of;
fish and wildlife habitat.: Atthe:completi6h.of.construction, the.detour- area should be
entirely removed and the impacted'areas be planted with appropriate vegetation, iiicluduig
trees if necessary,
4. Wherever appropriate,. construction in sensitive areas should .occur outside fish spawning .
and migratory bird nesting seasons.: In waterways that may serve as travel corridors for.
fish, in-water work should be avoided during moratorium periods associated with
migration, spawning and sensitive pre-adult life stages. The general moratorium period
for anadromous fish is February 15 - June 30;
5. New bridges should be long enough to allow.for sufficient wildlife passage along stream
corridors;
6. Best Management Practices (BUT) for Protection of Surface Waters should be
implemented;
7. Bridge designs should include provisions for roadbed and deck drainage to flow through a
vegetated buffer prior to reaching the affected stream. This buffer should be large enough
to alleviate any potential effects from run-off of storm water and pollutants;
8. The bridge designs should not alter the natural stream and stream-bank morphology or
impede fish passage. To the extent possible, piers and bents should be placed outside the
bank-full width of the stream;
9. Bridges and approaches should be designed to avoid any fill that will result in damming
or constriction of the channel or flood plain. If spanning the flood plain is not feasible,.
culverts should be installed in the flood plain portion of the approach to restore some of .
the hydrological functions of the flood plain and reduce high velocities of flood' waters
within the affected area.
There are six federally threatened or endangered species listed for Columbus County: the
shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis);-
Waccamaw silverside (Menidia extensa), red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), rough-
leaved loosestrife. (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) and Cooley's meadowrue (Thalictrum cooleyi).
Although the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database does not indicate any
known occurrences of these species near the project vicinity; use of the NCNHP data should not
be substituted for actual field surveys if suitable habitat occurs near the project site. The NCNB?
database onlyindicates.the presence of known occurrences of federally protected. species and
does not necessarily mean that such species are`not. present.: it may simply,mean that the area has
not :been:surveyed .information -about the habitats m which, these species are often found is
provided.onE our. web site http: Hendangered fws.eovl .1fsuitablehabitat .occiuswithin the
project vicinity for any?of the listed species, surveys:should.be conductedto determine :presence
or-absence ofthe species 'All survey documentation must include survey: methodologies -and
results
We reserve the ri ght to review. any federal.permits that may be required for this project, at.the
public notice, 'stage .` Therefore, it is important that resource agency coordination occur early in
the. planning process in order to resolve any .conflicts that may arise and minimize delays in
project`implementat on. In addition to.the above. guidance, we recommend that the
environmental documentation for this project includethe'following in sufficient detail. to
facilitate a thorough review of the action:
1. A clearly defined and detailed purpose and need for the proposed project;
2. A description of the proposed action with an analysis of all alternatives being considered,
including the "no action" alternative;
3. A description of the fish and wildlife resources, and their habitats, within the project
impact area that may be directly or indirectly affected;
4. The extent and acreage of waters of the U. S.; including wetlands, that are to be impacted
by filling, dredging, clearing, ditching, or draining. Acres of wetland impact should be
differentiated by habitat type based on the wetland classification scheme of the National
Wetlands Inventory (NWl). Wetland boundaries should be determined by using the 1987
Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and verified by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers;
5. The anticipated environmental impacts, both temporary and permanent, that would be
likely to. occur as a. direct. result of the proposed project. The assessment should also.
include the extent to which the proposed project would result in secondary impacts to
natural resources, and how this and similar projects contribute to. cumulative adverse
effects;
46 eligible for authorization under a general permit. These impacts are generallyassociated with
alteration of hydrologic pathways and hydraulics, disruption of the free movement of aquatic and
- terrestrial organisms. indigenous to the area, and increased impacts to aquatic habitat. If a bridge
is proposed for replacement with a culvert, NCDOT must demonstrate that.the work will not.
result in more than minimal impacts on the aquatic environment, specifically addressing the
passage of aquatic life including anad omous fish, if applicable. The work must also not alter the
stream hydraulics and create flooding of adjacent properties or result in unstable stream banks.
In some cases, a hydraulic analysis (HECRAS) may be required and should be included.with the
application. In addition, the report should address the impacts that the culvert would have on
recreational navigation and natural wildlife corridors, if applicable:
Lengthening existing bridges can often benefit the.ecological and hydrological functions of
the associated wetlands and"streams. In addition, longer bridges were there are large adjacent . .
contiguous.forested floodplains could enhance-existing wildlife passage thereby creating a safer
roadway: Most bridge approaches'are connected-to earthen causeways that were built in
floodplain wetlands and streams. . Replacing these causeways with longer, bridges would allow.
previouslyimpacted wetlands to be restored. In an effort to encourage this type of restoration
effort, mitigation credit for wetland restoration activities can be provided to offset the added.
costs of lengthening an existing bridge.
Off-site temporary construction detours should be fully explored in lieu.of on-site detours
constructed in wetlands. If an on-site detour is the requested action, justification should be
provided that demonstrates that alternatives, including an off--site alternative, with lower aquatic
resource impacts are not practicable. On-site detours, unless constructed on a spanning structure
or on a previous detour that was used in a past construction activity, cari cause permanent
wetland impacts due to soil. compression resulting from the on-site. detour fill placed on
compressible soils and associated heavy equipment compaction.' Substantial soil compression in
wetland systems may in turn cause a subsurface hydrologic barrier in the wetland, which would ,
alter the hydrologicxegime.of the wetland and impair its ecological and hydrologic functions.
for proposed projects. and associated on-site detours that cause minimal losses ofwetlands, an
approved wetland restoration and monitoring plan will be required prior, to issuance of a DA
Nationwide. or Regional general permit.. For proposed projects and associated on-site detours
that cause substantial wetland losses, an individual DA permit and a compensatory mitigation
proposal for the: unavoidable. wetland impacts may be required.
Endangered Species Act {ESA) federally listed species may be found within close
proxuntty to the nudge protect A.ll work:related to,federally hsted ESA species as.required by
Section 7.of the ESA including copies of all correspondence and meehng`mmutes with the U5
Fish and-Wildlife Service and/or the.NOAA Marine Fisheries"ce associated.' he. subject
projects should be coordinated with this office
if concrete structures, such as bridge.piers and footers, are a component of these projects,
methods. must be employed to avoid any contact of "live" .concrete: with- surface waters and all
instream construction :should be conducted in the "dry" by use
of.stre' diversion methods: If
temporary stream diversions are to be utilized, a plan and description should be provided
showing the proposed structure and method of diversion ,restoration plan will be .required..:
showing: how the diversion area will be returned to pre-construction conditions following .the .
® North Caro aWd ife Resources Commission
Charles R. Fullwood, Executive Director
MEMORANDUM
TO: Vincent J. Rhea
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch, NCDOT
FROM: Travis Wilson, Highway Project Coordinatoc?-
Habitat Conservation Program
DATE: February 5, 2004
SUBJECT: NCDOT Bridge Replacements in Johnston, Moore, Montgomery., Brunswick,
Bladen, Cumberland, Scotland, and Columbus counties. TIP Nos. B-4165, B-
4207, B-4204, B-4030, B-4029, B-4092, B-4274, B-4080, and B-4078.
Biologists with the N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) have reviewed the
information provided and have the following preliminary comments on the subject project. Our
comments are provided in accordance with provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act
(42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(c)) and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as.amended;.16
U.S.C. 661-667d).
Our standard recommendations for bridge replacement projects of this scope are as.
follows:
1. We generally prefer spanning structures. Spanning structures usually do not require
work within the stream and do not require stream channel realignment. The horizonxal
and vertical clearances provided by bridges allows for human and wildlife passage
beneath the structure, does not block fish passage, and does not.block navigation by.
canoeists and boaters.
2'. Bridge deck drains should not discharge directly into the stream.
3. Live concrete should not be allowed to contact the water in or entering into the stream.
4. If possible, bridge supports (bents) should not be placed in the stream.
Mailing Address: Division of Inland Fisheries " 1.721 Mail Service Center -Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
?"-9_-_t_.__. /nIn% 1^o '9111-1 _..« '101 . '17- fGIW 71C_74dZ .
Bridge Memo 2 February 5, 2004
5. If temporary access roads or detours are constructed, they should be removed back to
original ground elevations immediately upon the completion of the project. Disturbed
areas should be seeded or mulched to stabilize the soil and native tree species should
be planted with a spacing of not more than 10'x10'. If possible, when using temporary
structures the area should be cleared but not grubbed. Clearing the area with chain
saws, mowers, bush-hogs, or other mechanized equipment and leaving the stumps and
root mat intact, allows the area to revegetate naturally and minimizes disturbed soil. -
6. A clear bank (riprap free) area of at least 10 feet should remain on each side of the
steam underneath the bridge.
7. In trout waters, the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission reviews all U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers nationwide and general `404' permits. We have the option of
requesting additional measures to protect.trout and trout habitat and we can
recommend that the project require an .individual. `404' permit.
8. In streams that contain threatened or endangered species, NCDOT biologist Mr. Hal
Bain should be notified. Special measures to protect these sensitive species maybe.
required. NCDOT should also contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for
information on requirements of the Endangered Species Act as it relates to the project. -
9. In streams that are used by anadromous fish, the NCDOT official policy entitled
"Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage (May 12, 1997)" should
be followed.
10. In areas with significant fisheries for sunfish, seasonal exclusions may also be
recommended.
I L Sedimentation and erosion control measures sufficient to protect aquatic resources
must be implemented prior to any ground disturbing activities. Structures should be
maintained regularly, especially following rainfall events. .
12. Temporary or permanent herbaceous vegetation should be planted on all bare soil
within 15 days of ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
13. All work in or adjacent to stream waters should be conducted in a dry work area.
Sandbags, rock berms, cofferdams, or other diversion structures should be used
where possible to prevent excavation in flowing water.
14: Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank rather than in stream channels in
order to minimise sedimentation and reduce the likelihood of introducing other
pollutants into streams.
15. Only clean, sediment-free rock should be used as temporary fill (causeways), and
should be removed without excessive-disturbance of the natural stream bottom when
construction is completed.
16. During subsurface investigations, equipment should be inspected daily and
maintained to prevent contamination of surface waters from leaking fuels, lubricants,
hydraulic fluids, or other toxic materials.
If corrugated metal pipe arches, reinforced concrete pipes, or concrete box culverts are
used:
Bridge Memo 3 February 5, 2004
. 1. The culvert must be designed to allow for aquatic life and fish passage. Generally, the
culvert or pipe invert should be buried at least 1 foot below the natural streambed
(measured from the natural thalweg depth). If multiple barrels are required, barrels
other than the base flow barrel(s.) should be placed on or near stream bankfull or
floodplain bench elevation (similar to Lyonsfield design). These should be
reconnected to floodplain benches as appropriate. This may be accomplished by
utilizing sills on the upstream and downstream ends to restrict or divert flow to the
base flow barrel(s). Silled barrels should be filled with sediment so as not to cause
noxious or mosquito breeding conditions. Sufficient water depth should be provided
in the base flow barrel(s) during low flows to accommodate fish movement. If
culverts are longer than 40-50.linear feet, alternating or notched baffles should be
installed in a manner that mimics existing stream pattern. This should enhance
aquatic life passage: 1) by depositing sediments in the barrel, 2) by maintaining
channel depth and flow regimes, and 3) by providing resting places for fish and other
aquatic organisms. In essence, base flow barrel(s) should provide a continuum of
water depth and channel width without substantial modifications of velocity.
2. If multiple pipes or cells are used, at least one pipe or box should be designed to
remain dry during normal flows to allow for wildlife passage.
3. Culverts or pipes should be situated along the existing channel alignment whenever
possible to avoid channel realignment. Widening the stream channel must be avoided.
Stream channel widening at the inlet or outlet end of structures typically decreases
water velocity causing sediment deposition that requires increased maintenance and
disrupts aquatic life passage.
4. Riprap should not be placed in the active thalweg channel or placed in the streambed
- in a manner that precludes aquatic life passage. Bioengineering boulders or structures
should be professionally designed, sized, and installed. .
. In most cases, we prefer the replacement of the existing structure at the. same location
with road closure. If road closure. is not feasible, a temporary detour should be designed and
located to avoid wetland impacts, minim;?e the need for clearing and to avoid destabilizing
stream banks. If the structure will be on a new alignment, the old structure should be removed
and the approach fills removed from the 100-year floodplain. Approach fills should be removed
down to the natural ground elevation. The area should be stabilized with grass and planted with
native tree species, If the area reclaimed was previously wetlands, NCDOT should restore the
area to wetlands. If successful, the site may be utilized as mitigation for the subject project or
other projects in the watershed.
Project specific comments:
1. B-4165, Johnston County, Bridge No. 89 over Sassarixa Swamp on SR 1162. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
2. B-4207, Moore County, Bridge No. 43 over McLendon Creek on NC 22-24-27. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. McLendon Creek contains habitat
suitable for the federally endangered Cape Fear shiner, a survey should be conducted to
determine the presence or absence of this species. Standard recommendations apply.
Bridge Memo 4 February 5,.2004
3. B-4204, Montgomery County, Bridge No. 28 over Rock Creek on NC 109. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
4. B-4030, Brunswick County, Bridge No. 9.over Bear Branch on NC 103. We recommend
replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
5. B-4029, Bladen County,-Bridge No. 8 over canal on NC 210: We,recommend replacing
this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
6. B-4092, Cumberland County, Bridge No. 80 over Little Rockfish Creek on SR 1108. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. A significant fishery for sunfish exists at
this site; .therefore we request in in-water work moratorium for sunfish from April 1 to
June 30., Standard recommendations apply.
7. B-4274, Scotland County, Bridge No. 14, over Big Shoe He Creek on NC 144. We
recommend. replacing this bridge with a bridge.. A significant fishery for sunfish exists at
this site, therefore we request in in-water work moratorium for sunfish from April 1 to
June 30. Standard recommendations apply.
8. B-4080, Columbus County, Bridge No. 148 over Pine Log Swamp on SR 1437. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
9. B-4078, Columbus County, Bridge No. 10 over Waccamaw River Overflow on NC 130.
We recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
NCDOT should routinely minimize. adverse impacts to fish and wildlife resources in the
vicinity of bridge replacements. Restoring previously disturbed.floodplain benches should
narrow and deepen streams previously widened and shallowed during initial bridge installation..
4 NCDOT should install and maintain sedimentation control measures throughout the life of the
project and prevent wet concrete from contacting water in or entering into these streams.
Replacement of bridges with spanning structures of some type, as opposed to pipe or box
culverts, is recommended in most cases: Spanning structures allow wildlife passage along
streambanks and reduce habitat fragmentation.
If you need further assistance or information on NCWRC concerns regarding bridge
replacements, please contact me at [phone]. Thank you for the opportunity to review and
comment on these projects.
Cc: Gary Jordan, U.S.. Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
Michael F. Easle * or Division of Historical Resources
Lisbeth C. Ff, David L. S. Brook, Director
?3efrey J. t vryy ty Secretary
O"icirfifirtF ives and History
March 2, 2004 Li. i?c1 C PAIWICIPATION
RECEIVED
MEMORANDUM-.
MAR 1 1 2004
TO: Greg Thorpe, Ph.D., Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
NCDOT Division of Highways M&wt
FROM: David Brook 10 V f
. U.
SUBJECT: Bridge No. 189 on SR 1437 over Pine Log Swamp, B-4080, Columbus County, ER03-3637
Thank you for your letter of December 8, 2003, concerning the above project.
We are unable to comment on the potential effect of this project on historical/architectural resources until we
receive further information. Please forward a United States Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle for the
appropriate location to us indicating the project limits and the Area of Potential Effects (APE).
A
If there are any structures on or immediately adjacent to the project area which appear to be more than fifty
years old, please provide photographs of them, keyed to the map.
There are no known archaeological sites within the proposed project area. Based on our knowledge of the area, it
is unlikely that any archaeological resources that may be eligible for conclusion in the National Register of
Historic Places will be affected by the project. We, therefore, recommend that no archaeological investigation be
conducted in connection with this project.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR
Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763. In all future communication
,concerning this project, please cite the above referenced tracking number.
cc: Mary Pope Furr, NCDOT
Matt Wilkerson, NCDOT
www.hpo.dcr.st2te.nc.us
Location Mailing Address Telephone/Fa:
ADMINISTRATION 507 N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 276994617 (919) 7334763.733-8653
RFcTnuATrnN 515 N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 276994617 [phone].715-4901
"" `•-:1 c- P-"t r Raleiek NC 27699-4617 (919) 7334763 .7154801
r
Michael F. Easley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
Jeffrey J. Crow, Deputy Secretary
Office of Archives and History
June 30, 2004
MEMORANDUM

North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
sion of Historical Resources
Divi
David L. S. Brook, Director
TO: Greg Thorpe, Ph.D., Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
NCDOT Division of Highways
FROM: David Brook j'&jwa
SUBJECT: Bridge No. 148 on SR 1437 over Pine Swamp, B-4080, Columbus County,
ER03-3637
Thank you for your memorandum of May 6, 2004, concerning the above project.
We have conducted a review of the proposed undertaking and are aware of no historic
resources which would be affected by the project. Therefore, we have no comment on the
undertaking as proposed.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation
Act and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with
Section 106 codified at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerting the
above comment, contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at
919/733-4763. In all future communication concerning this project, please cite the above
referenced tracking number.
cc: Mary Pope Furr

www.hpo.der.state.ne.us
Location Mailing Address
ADMMISTRATION 507 N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699.4617
RESTORATION 515 N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
errof/yv n. Mr A %MTIVr 515 N. Blount St. Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
TdephonclFaz
(919) 7334763.733-8653
[phone].715-4801
[phone].715-4801
.a
To: William T. Goodwin, Jr. PE
Project Development & Environmental Analysis Branch
From: Jimmie Hewett, Director of Transportan 7PT
Date: September 6, 2002
Re: Information on bridge replacement
Bridge No 148 on SR 1437 over Pine Log Swamp: This bridge is in the Whiteville City
Q _ $ School District and based on the information we received for the 2001-2002 school year
there is only, one bins that. crosses this bridge. It crosses twice, once in the morning and
once in the afternoon. This bus cafi"be easily reroib d.' `
[3 _ p q Bridge No 20,on NC 90 over Fork Jiiiiper Swamp: This bridge is in the Guideway
Elementary and. South. Columbus High School Districts. Based on the information we
received for the 2001-2002 school year there are two buses that cross this bridge. for a
total of six times a day. The elementary school bus crosses this bridge twice in the
morning and twice in the afternoon: The high school bus crosses this bridge once in the
morning and once in the afternoon. In this case the elementary school students will have
to walk or have their parents transport them out to meet the bus if a suitable turnaround
can not be found. The high school bus can be rerouted.
C3 Bridge No. 10 on NC 130 over. Waccamaw River Overflow: This bridge is in the Old
Dock Elementary and South Columbus High School Districts. Based on the information.
we received for the 2001-2002 school year. there are two buses that cross this bridge for a
total of four times daily. They both cross once in the morning and -once in the afternoon.
In this case.the students will have to walk or have their parents transport them to the
closest turnaround or intersection. There is no alternate route:
.1 hope this-i*i-mation is'h6ip Ito-you. Tf you have -any questions, please give me a
klg

t '
!vote: motto acate
*S. U.E, = Subsurface Utility Engineering

CONVENTIONAL
BOUNDARIES AND PROPERTY.-
State Line - -•
County Line -
Township Line -
City Line -
Reservation Line -
Property Line
Existing Iron Pin
Property Corner
Property Monument
Parcel/Sequence Number
Existing Fence Line -X
Proposed Woven Wire Fence -
Proposed Chain Link Fence -
Proposed Barbed Wire Fence -
Existing Wetland Boundary
- -
Proposed Wetland Boundary
-
Existing Endangered Animal Boundary
-
Existing Endangered Plant Boundary
-
BUILDINGS AND OTHER CULTURE-
Gas Pump Vent or LPG Tank Cap
Si
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W
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Small Mine
Foundation
Area Outline
Cemetery
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HYDROLOGY.-
Stream or Body of Water
Hydro, Pool or Reservoir
Jurisdictional Stream
Buffer Zone 1
Buffer Zone 2
Flow Arrow
Disappearing Stream
Spring
Wetland
Proposed Lateral, Tail, Head Ditch
False Sump
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RR Signal Milepost
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RR Abandoned -
RR Dismantled -
RIGHT OF WAY
PLAN SHEET SYMBOLS
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C EXISTING STRUCTURES:
MAJOR:
Baseline Control Point
Existing Right of Way Marker U
Existing Right of Way Line - --
Proposed Right of Way Line - •?-
Proposed Right of Way Line with A
Iron Pin and Cap Marker
Proposed Right of Way line with
Concrete or Granite Marker
Existing Control of Access - ? _
Proposed Control of Access
Existing Easement Line
Proposed Temporary Construction Easement - - E-
Proposed Temporary Drainage Easement- - TDE-
Proposed Permanent Drainage Easement - PDE-
Proposed Permanent Utility Easement - PUE-
ROADS AND RELATED FEATURESr
Existing Edge of Pavement - -----
Existing Curb - ----
Proposed Slope Stakes Cut - - - - - -
Proposed Slope Stakes Fill
Proposed Wheel Chair Ramp cR
Proposed Wheel Chair Ramp Curb Cut - cc
Curb Cut for Future Wheel Chair Ramp - rR
Existing Metal Guardrail
Proposed Guardrail T T T T
Existing Cable Guiderail "
Proposed Cable Guiderail
Equality Symbol 0
Pavement Removal
VEGETATION:
Single Tree
Single Shrub -
Hedge
Woods Line -
Orchard
Vineyard
Q
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Bridge, Tunnel or Box Culvert - rot,c
Bridge Wing Wall, Head Wall and End Wall coNC ww
MINOR:
Head and End Wall coNC HN
Pipe Culvert
Footbridge --- }---------- j
Drainage Box: Catch Basin, DI or JB - - Elcs
Paved Ditch Gutter - - -----
Storm Sewer Manhole (D
Storm Sewer - --- - -
UTILITIES.-
POWER:
Existing Power Pole --- - - - -
Proposed Power Pole - b
Existing Joint Use Pole - -
Proposed Joint Use Pole
Power Manhole
Power Line Tower
Power Transformer
LkG Power Cable Hand Hole
H-Frame Pole
Recorded UG Power Line
Designated LPG Power Line (S.U.E.*)
TELEPHONE:
Existing Telephone Pole
Proposed Telephone Pole .o-
Telephone Manhole 0
Telephone Booth 91
Telephone Pedestal In
Telephone Cell Tower
WG Telephone Cable Hand Hole "N
Recorded LYG Tele
h
n
C
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p
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a
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Designated UG Telephone Cable (S.U.E.*) - - - - -T- - - -
Recorded U-G Telephone Conduit -
Designated WG Telephone Conduit (S.U.E.*}- - - - -T - - -
Recorded LPG Fib
r O
ti
C
bl T
e
p
cs
a
e FO-
Designated LYG Fiber Optics Cable (S.U.E.")-
- -
- - "- - -
WATER:
Water Manhole
Water Meter CD
Water Valve
Water Hydrant
Recorded U-G Water line --- - ,-
Designated LPG Water Line (S.U.E.*}
Above Ground Water Line ----- -
„c N"ter
TV:
TV Satellite Dish
TV Pedestal
N Tower
U'G TV Cable Hand Hale ------
Recorded U?G TV Cable ----- „_
Designated WG TV Cable (S.U.E.*)
Recorded LLG Fiber Optic Cable -r "-
Designated LPG Fiber Optic Cable (S.U.E.*)-- - - - FO- - -
GAS:
Gas Valve 0
Gas Meter
Recorded Ufi Gas Line ------
Designated LAG Gas Line (S.U.E.*)
Above Ground Gas Line -------
SANITARY SEWER:
Sanitary Sewer Manhole ---
Sanitary Sewer Cleanout ---_-
LPG Sanitary Sewer Line --
Above Ground Sanitary Sewer A /G Sa"a"ry Sewer
Recorded SS Forced Main Line
Designated SS Forced Main Line (S.U.E.*) - --
- -fSS- - -
MISCELLANEOUS:
Utility Pole
•
Utility Pole with Base El
Utility Located Object
0
Utility Traffic Signal Box

Utility Unknown LLG Line ------ - rE-
WG Tank; Water, Gas, Oil
A/G Tank; Water, Gas, Oil
UAG Test Hole (S.U.E.*)
Abandoned According to Utility Records -
AATUR
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STR CTURE HYDRA ULIC DA A '

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DON USE FOR CONSTRUC TION
,1 0 1
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SHEET NO.
RELI INA Y ANS j
DO NO USE FOR NSPRU I0N
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-1----?---- }----k---4--- ---1--- ---- ?--4--- ----?-,
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--- ----
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a
See Sheet i-A For Index of Sleets
"° EN PR T
O a 1440 city Land
a c 1439
I 1437 Rd.
G 'a PadrK ine Log
C Raft
_ • • Pltre
d
a
I`C?\i 3
V VICINITY MAP
(THIS PROJECT IS NOT INCLUDED WITHIN ANY MUNICIPAL BOUNDARIES)
0 H--? OFFSITE DETOUR
DL4"IrILT TTn nnnrrnPn n Inn

\1 1
?r
r?
r !
TO CHADSOURN
r?
1 ?
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! , I

COLUMBUS COUNTY
LOCATION. BRIDGE NO. 148 OVER PINE LOG SWAMP ON SR 1437
TYPE OF WORK GRADING, DRAINAGE, PAVING AND STRUCTURE
r r '

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1
11

KU)
V GRAPHIC SCALES
5L0 25 0 50 100
PLANS
50 25 0 50 100
`lilt610M 1,.?
PROFILE (HORIZONTAL)
O
10
5 0 10 20
L
PROFILE (VERTICAL)
DESIGN DATA
ADT 2008 = 4,135
ADT 2028 = 6,917
DHV = 10 %
D 60 %
T = 7 %'
V = 60 MPH
' TTST 4% DUAL 3%a
FUNC. = URBAN
CLASS COLLECTOR
PROJECT LENGTH
Length Roadway TIP Project B-4080 = 0.118 Miles
Length Structure TIP Project B-4080 = 0.024 Miles
Total Length TIP Project 8-4080 = 0.142 Miles
rrepared In Me OFFICE oF.
THE THE LPA GROUP of North Carolina, p.a.
LPA 5000 Falls of Neuse Rd., Suite 304
GROUP== Raleigh, North Carolina 27809
TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS
2006 STANDARD SPECIFICA N5
RIGHT OF WAY DATE. Jeanne K. Richter P.E.
NOV 16.2007 PROJECT ENGINEER
LEIMG DATE. Jody L. Cole
NOV 18, 2008 PROJECT DESIGN ENGINEER
I
lN1a Paawcr tMaRCa N¢ -
N.`. B-4080

33442.1.1 BRSTP-1437 2 PE
33442.2.1 BRSTP-1437 (2) RAN-UTIL
33442.3.1 BRSTP-1d37 !?I rntitt
R/W PLANS
/
k Y
k k * } y /
} y k k } /
k * y Y y /
k y y * y /
y k * /
y k k } y 4 k /
} 4 y
} * }
k Y //
k * } k ?
/
} } k k/
k
4 y
}
4 *
k } k
}
-' TO WHlTEY/LLE
----- ? 7-------
y r II
}*
y
y
HYDRAULICS ENGINEER
PE
ROADWAY DESIGN
ENGINEER
P8
PRELIMINARY PLANS
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
STATE OF NORTX CAROLINA
14011 11
? s
o ;
6
Pyf OA TIAMI! !4
P
1 4
SURVEY CONTROL SHEET B-4080
N BL
POINT DESC. NORTH I..'.,1 ! f ;'."I Nlll h1;.1I".
.

I

2
3

4
5
94080 -

84080
84080

84060
64080
BLI

- BL2
- BL3

BL4
- BL5
208558.5740

208806.6455
20B677.8660

208819.8250
208911.4820
'OR 1542.

20R'513.
2082112.

208,'6'0.
_'083102.
I'3 P`

:'603
1510

6660
5080
G6, ll

83.41
',9,10

51./4
58.1',

I.ll 17... Ir
0 00. J?1 l
19.0`x.- 0.I1 1
14.8',..'-1 11. .11 nl

OUTSIDE Pf"i11 i!,1!1.
OUTSIDE PVn.n11 iit,[I. ........................
X10 111161IION . 68.12

N 208411 E °080965

I. STATION 10.00

S 77' J9' IF,.0' W DIST 693.07
RAILROAD SPIKE PJ BASE OF IB.INCH.PINE
...........
9 .........
1

N 208962

L STATION
N 53' 49'
RAILROAD
.........

.............
..VAII-..........
ELEVAON 6f.33
E 2082784
20.00
54.0' E GIST 222.40
SPIKE IN BASE OF 24 INCH HARDWOOD
...............................
0
0
TO CHADBOURN
DATUM DESCRIPTION
THE LOCALIZED COORDINATE SYSTEM DEVELOPED FOR THIS PROJECT
IS BASED ON THE STATE PLANE COORDINATES ESTABLISHED BY
NCDOT FOR MONUMENT ""B-4080-1"'
WITH NAD 1983/95 STATE PLANE GRID COORDINATES OF
NORTHING: 208462.2701(ft) EASTING: 2080351.6989(ft)
THE AVERAGE COMBINED GRID FACTOR USED ON THIS PROJECT
(GROUND TO GRID) IS: 1.000005080
THE N.C. LAMBERT GRID BEARING AND
LOCALIZED HORIZONTAL GROUND DISTANCE FROM
""B-4080-1"" TO -L- STATION POT 11+50.00 IS
N 84° 22' 28.1723" E 1441.09'
ALL LINEAR DIMENSIONS ARE LOCALIZED HORIZONTAL DISTANCES
VERTICAL DATUM USED IS NAVD 88
NOTF,-- DRAWT7V(7 NOT TO ,gCAT,F.
-L- POT SrAL194 DD0
ENO TIP PROJECT B^IIA80
END CONSTRUCTION
LOCALIZED COORDINATES
N- 20 W4Z86I
E- 20825078886
-' TO WHITEYILLE
NOTES:
N
1
1. THE CONTROL DATA FOR THIS PROJECT CAN BE FOUND ELECTRONICALLY BY SELECTING
PROJECT CONTROL DATA AT
HTTPaWWWNCDOT.ORGDOHIPRECONSTRUCTiHIGHWAY/LOCATION,PROJECT7
THE FILES TO BE FOUND ARE AS FOLLOWS:
84090 -L.S_CONTROL 070306.TXT
SITE CALIBRATION INFORMATION HAS NOT BEEN PROVIDED FOR THIS PROJECT IF FURTHER
INFORMATION IS NEEDED, PLEASE CONTACT THE LOCATION AND SURVEYS UNIT.
INDICATES GEODETIC CONTROL MONUMENTS USED OR SET FOR HORIZONTAL PROJECT CONTROL
BY THE NCDOT LOCATION AND SURVEYS UNIT.
PROJECT CONTROL ESTABLISHED USING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM.
NETWORK ESTABLISHED FROM NOS ONLINE POSITIONING SERVICE (OPUS)
SEE GPS CALIBRATION SNRRT Rna
NO.
-L- MT STA N+50DO
BEGIN TIP PROJECT B-4060
BEGIN CONSTRUCTION
LOCALIZED COORDINATES
N¦ 20 OID314
E- 20811864965
R 0
PAVEMENT SCHEDULE
A VAR. PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT. E PROP. APPROX. 4" ASPHALT CONCRETE BASE COURSE, TYPE B25.08,
AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 456 LBS. PER S0. YD.
PROP. APPROX. 3" ASPHALT CONCRETE SURFACE COURSE, TYPE S9.5B,
C AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 168 LBS. PER SO. YD. IN EACH OF TWO T EARTH MATERIAL.
LAYERS.
D PROP. APPROX. 21"2" ASPHALT CONCRETE INTERMEDIATE COURSE, TYPE I19.OB,
AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 285 LBS. PER SO. YD.
NOTE: PAVEMENT EDGE SLOPES ARE 1:1 UNLESS SHOWN OTHERWISE.
J
ORIGINAL GROUND
8' 12' 12'
11' ?wGR
GRADE
C POINT
2'
08 FDPS z .02 .02
? D
9 12"t
GRADE TO THIS LINE-/
TYPICAL SECTION NO.1
-L- STA. 11+50000 TO STA. 14+65000 (BEGIN BRIDGE)
-L- STA. 15+90000 (END BRIDGE) TO STA. 19+00°00
<
35'- 10"
12' CL 12'
GRADE
POINT
.02 FT/FT 1 .02 FTiFT
J?
?< "5'- 11" s < l '- 7"
(0010010010010010%001ooiooloolooloolooI
< 13 CORED SLAB UNITS @ 3'-0" CTS = 39'- 0"
TYPICAL BRIDGE SECTION NO.2
-L- STA. 14+65000 (BEGIN BRIDGE) TO STA. 15+90000 (END BRIDGE)
* WIDENED SHOULDER DUE TO HYDRAULIC SPREAD
ORIGINAL GROUND
PROJECT REFERENCE N0. SHEET NO.
B-4080 2
IOADWAY DESIGN PAVEMENT DESIGN
ENGINEER ENGINEER
PRELIMIN,qRY PLANS
DO SOP Is4: ?', i'TIOA
BY:. J.Cole
BY: P.Audcir

SUMMARY OF EARTHWORK
IN CUBIC YARDS
LOCATION UNCLASSIFIED
EXCAVATION
UNDERCUT
EMBT+25%
BORROW
WASTE

-L- 11+50.00 TO -L- 14+65.00 87 544 457
(BEGIN BRIDGE)

-L- 15+90.00 TO -L- 19+00.00 165 293 128
(END BRIDGE)

SUBTOTAL 252 837 585

TOTALS 252 837 585

PROJECT TOTALS 252 837 585

EST. 5% FOR REPLACING
TOPSOIL ON ON BORROW PIT 30

GRAND TOTALS 252 615

SAY 300 650

wr. JClq.l IORArvULAK MMiMAL = LUU L.T.
EST. UNDERCUT EXCAVATION = 200 C.Y.
NOTE: Approximate?, only. Unclassified Excavation Borrow Excavation,
Fine Grading, Clearing and Grubbing and Removal of Exist Asphalt Pavemen
will be paid for at the contract lump sum price for "Grading."
Approximate quantities only. Unclassifie
and removal of existing pavement will b

NOTE: EMBANKMENT COLUMN DO d excavation. tine g
e paid for at the lum

ES NOT INCLUDE rading clearing and grubbing PROd.RFFERENCENO. ONEElN0.
p sum price for "Grading". STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA B4080 X•1
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
BACKFILL FOR UNDERCUT CROSS-SECTION SUMMARY
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