20010944 Ver 3_Restoration Plan_20080422

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
RIVER'S EDGE APARTMENTS
STREAM & WETLAND RESTORATION
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1
MARCH 2008 AP 2 2,
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Rebecca S. Peterson, P.E.
N.C. License No. 31266
Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
11010 Raven Ridge Road • Raleigh, North Carolina 27614 • Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
www.SandEC.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES 1
1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK 1
1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE 1
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 1
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT I
SECTION 2 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES 1
2.1 SECTION INCLUDES 1
2.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 1
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES 1
2.4 TRAFFIC CONTROL 1
2.5 STAGING AREA 1
2.6 COORDINATION WITH OWNER 1
2.7 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES,
STRUCTURES AND SERVICES 2
2.8 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK 2
2.9 PROGRESS CLEANING AND WASTE REMOVAL 2
2.10 FINAL CLEANING 2
SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL 2
3.1 SECTION INCLUDES 2
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 2
3.3 REFERENCES 2
3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION 2
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION 2
SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION 3
4.1 SECTION INCLUDES 3
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 3
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION 3
4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL 3
4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT 3
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING 3
4.7 DEWATERING 3
SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION 4
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES 4
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 4
5.3 REFERENCES 4
5.4 PREPARATION 4
5.5 EXCAVATION 4
5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION 4
5.7 TOLERANCES
SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING, AND
COMPACTION
6.1 SECTION INCLUDES
6.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
6.3 REFERENCES
6.4 FILL MATERIALS
6.5 SUBGRADE PREPARATION
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE
PREPARATION
6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
6.9 TOLERANCES
SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
7.3 REFERENCES
7.4 GENERAL
7.5 MATERIALS
7.6 IN-STREAM STRUCTURES
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
SECTION 8 - STREAMBANK AND RIPARIAN
BUFFER PLANTING
8.1 SECTION INCLUDES
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
8.3 REFERENCES
8.4 GENERAL
8.5 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
8.6 PLANTING PREPARATION
8.7 PLANT STAKES AND CUTTINGS
8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
8.9 BARE ROOT PLANTS
8.10 PLANTING PERIODS
8.11 SUBMITTALS
SECTION 9 - PERMANENT SEEDING
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
9.3 REFERENCES
9.4 GENERAL
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9.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
9.6 SEEDING
9.7 SEEDING DATES
9.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
9.9 MULCH
SECTION 10 - SEDIMENT AND EROSION
CONTROL
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
10.3 REFERENCES
10.4 MATERIALS
10.5 SILT FENCE
10.6 INSTALLATION OF EROSION CONTROL
MATTING
10.7 TEMPORARY ROCK CHECK DAM
10.8 TEMPORARY COFFERDAMS
10.9 TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
10.10 TEMPORARY STREAM CROSSINGS
10.11 PUMP AROUND OPERATIONS
10.12 SPECIAL STILLING BASINS
10.13 TEMPORARY SPLASH PADS
10.14 TEMPORARY SEEDING
SECTION 11- SITE MAINTENANCE
11.1 SECTION INCLUDES
11.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
11.3 EXECUTION
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' SECTION I - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
' 1.1 SECTION INCLUDES
General requirements and information related to the work including,
summary of work, measurement and payment, and reference to
' SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS (if applicable based on
contractual agreement(s) between Owner and Contractor).
' 1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK
The RIVERS EDGE APARTMENT STREAM & WETLAND
RESTORATION project consists of the earthwork construction of a
' restored stream channel, floodplain grading, and planting of the
restored channel banks and riparian buffer. Refer to the Construction
Drawings and to these Specifications for project details.
1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE
The Contractor is required to have the appropriately experienced
personnel onsite to operate equipment and insure that the
construction sequence and installation procedures are followed as
determined by the Engineer. Contractor personnel should be familiar
with stream restoration techniques and the correct method of
installing in-stream structures (i.e. rock and log j-hooks and cross
vanes) and necessary planting operations.
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
The Contractor is required to have at a minimum two excavators with
a hydraulic thumb during the entire course of construction unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer. The hydraulic excavators must
be of sufficient size to lift, manipulate, and install boulders roughly
5-foot by 2.5-foot by 2-foot (approximate dimension).
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
All measurement and payment for services performed shall be as
indicated in the SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS (if
applicable) or as agreed upon in the construction contract. As such,
they are not defined in these Technical Specifications.
SECTION 2 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES
2.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Required temporary facilities including site access, temporary
sanitary facilities, barriers, traffic control, construction staging area,
protection of existing facilities and installed work, erosion control
measures, and general site cleaning.
2.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES
Provide and maintain necessary sanitary facilities and enclosures.
2.4 TRAFFIC CONTROL
Provide traffic control as required to protect the public safety.
Conform to all requirements of State, County, City, or local laws and
requirements for traffic control. Conformance with contract
documents does not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for
public safety.
2.5 STAGING AREA
Areas will be designated on the restoration site for staging of
Contractor's equipment and construction materials for the duration of
construction. These areas shall be maintained so as to provide a
sightly appearance and a safe working environment. No other areas
shall be used for this purpose without the approval of the Engineer.
Storage of oil or fuel shall be confined to the construction staging
areas. Refueling of all vehicles and equipment shall occur only in the
staging areas. Refueling of non-mobile equipment located outside of
the staging areas will be allowed with Engineer approval. No
refueling shall occur within fifty feet of the stream channel, wetlands,
or any other surface water. The Contractor shall take appropriate
measures to ensure safe fueling procedures are followed.
Contractor shall provide appropriate spill prevention measures. The
END OF SECTION Contractor shall provide a spill containment plan for both the staging
areas and the construction area. The plan shall include prevention,
containment, and control of fuel or oil spillage from equipment
storage, refueling, maintenance, and operation on site. The plan shall
address both mobile and non-mobile equipment used during
construction. Emergency spill cleanup equipment for oil and fuel
spills shall be stored on site. The Contractor shall notify the Owner
and all applicable agencies within 24 hours of any spill.
2.6 COORDINATION WITH OWNER
Contractor is responsible for coordination with Owner and schedule
work to ensure limited disruption of daily operations of Owner and
adjacent apartment tenants. Obtain approval from Owner prior to the
disruption of any access to site utilities, structures, or locations.
Coordinate the disruption of any utility services without regard to
duration. Provide continuous representation/point of contact for
Owner during all site activities.
Coordinate for access to construction site to reduce the potential for
disruption to Owner. Access to construction site shall be limited to
the entrance designated on the Drawings. Only access points
approved by the Owner shall be used during construction.
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page I TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
2.7 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES, STRUCTURES
AND SERVICES
The project vicinity to include existing access routes will continue to
be used for daily operations by Owner and adjacent apartment tenants
throughout the duration of construction. The Contractor shall protect
existing facilities, structures, and services throughout the duration of
construction and provide special protection where specified in
individual specification sections. Provide temporary and removable
protection for existing structures and services where necessary.
Control activity in immediate vicinity of facilities, structures, and
services to prevent damage. Any facility, structure, or services
disturbed or damaged, either intentionally or unintentionally, shall be
removed and reinstalled or repaired to the Owner's satisfaction.
Repairs to or replacement of facilities, structures, or services shall be
performed at the expense of the Contractor. Repairs and/or
replacement shall occur without additional cost to the Owner.
2.8 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK
Protect installed work and provide special protection where specified
in individual specification sections. Provide temporary and
removable protection for installed work and products. Control
activity in immediate work area to prevent damage. Any installed
work disturbed or damaged, shall be removed and reinstalled or
repaired to the Engineer's satisfaction. Repairs to or replacement of
installed work shall be performed at the expense of the Contractor.
Repairs and replacement shall occur without additional cost to the
Owner.
2.9 PROGRESS CLEANING AND WASTE REMOVAL
Maintain areas free of waste materials, debris, and rubbish. Maintain
site in a clean and orderly condition. Collect and remove waste
materials, debris, and rubbish from site daily and dispose off site.
Remove temporary utilities, equipment, facilities, and materials prior
to Final Application for Payment inspection. Restore existing
facilities used during construction to original condition.
2.10 FINAL CLEANING
Execute final cleaning prior to final project assessment. Clean site
and all installed work. Remove waste and surplus construction
materials, rubbish, temporary sanitary, and construction facilities
from the site.
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 2
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL
3.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Observation of restoration construction operations, and wetland,
streambank, and riparian buffer planting.
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
3.3 REFERENCES
For products or workmanship specified by association, trade, or other
consensus, comply with requirements of the standard, except when
more rigid requirements are specified or are required by applicable
codes.
Conform to reference standard by date of issue on date of Contract
Documents, except where a specific date is established by code.
STREAMBANK AND RIPARIAN BUFFER PLANTING of these
Specifications.
3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to periodically observe
construction operations as required in these Specifications.
Observation of construction operations does not relieve Contractor of
obligation to perform work to contract requirements. The Contractor
shall allow observation personnel access to materials, and the
construction site as required.
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to observe planting operations
as required in these Specifications. Observation of planting
operations does not relieve Contractor of obligation to perform work
to contract requirements. The Contractor shall allow observation
personnel access to materials (see STREAMBANK AND
RIPARIAN BUFFER PLANTING), and the construction site as
required.
END OF SECTION
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008
SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION
4.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site preparation shall consist of utility location and protection,
clearing, grubbing and stripping of the work area, and construction of
any required temporary construction access routes and temporary
sediment and erosion control measures.
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION
The Contractor shall locate or arrange for the location of all existing
utilities and mark for identification. Contractor shall provide means
for protecting utilities from any damage during site work. Repair of
damaged utilities shall be at Contractor's expense. Coordination
should be made with Owner to locate and mark site specific utilities.
NC ONE CALL (1-800-632-4949)
4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL
Contractor shall be responsible for preventing erosion on the site and
sedimentation off the site. Methods shall be employed as
recommended in the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual, latest edition.
This project is being performed and constructed utilizing the general
methods described in the overriding approved Sediment and Erosion
Control Plan developed and permitted by others. Copies of all
applicable permits shall be provided to the Contractor by the Owner
and maintained by the Contractor throughout the duration of
construction.
The Contractor shall control sedimentation runoff with methods
approved by the Engineer during the course of construction of this
Project.
Temporary erosion and sediment control measures shall be installed
as described in SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL. The
Contractor shall conform to all the rules, regulations, laws, and
ordinances of the State of North Carolina, and of all other authorities
having jurisdiction.
' 4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT
The Engineer will provide a single channel staking along the
restoration reach. The staking will include but will not necessarily be
limited to: channel centerline alignment, and appropriate grading
values. A cut/fill sheet will be provided to the Contractor, sufficient
Temporary Bench Marks will be installed for Contractor use during
construction.
The Contractor is responsible for the construction surveying and
layout. The maintenance and preservation of the construction stakes
is the responsibility of the Contractor. The replacement of damaged
or disturbed construction stakes or supplemental staking will be the
Contractor's responsibility. The Contractor is required to have a
laser level or other equivalent equipment available on site during the
entire period of construction to check grade/elevations as
construction progresses.
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING
Conform to applicable code for environmental requirements, disposal
of debris, and erosion and sedimentation control as described above.
Coordinate clearing work with utility Owners and operators as
described above. Establish a schedule for daily removal of debris
from the site. Debris may not be stockpiled on site. Clear areas
required for access to site and execution of work. Remove trees,
stumps, other wood, metal, or rubble debris within work areas.
Select trees meeting the Specifications described in CHANNEL
PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES may
be collected and stockpiled for later use in the construction of log-
vane structures.
Remove stumps, main root ball, and all roots with a diameter greater
than 12 inches. Leave area in a clean and neat condition. Grade site
surface daily to control the direction of channelized flow and prevent
free standing surface water.
In areas where stream restoration will be implemented, the existing
top six inches of soil should be removed and stockpiled prior to
excavation, construction, or reconstruction efforts.
4.7 DEWATERING
Comply with all rules, regulations, laws, and ordinances of the State
of North Carolina, and of all other authorities having jurisdiction.
Provide without additional cost to the Owner all labor, materials,
equipment, and services necessary to make the work comply with
such requirements. Install all barriers, erosion and sedimentation
control, silt fences, turbidity curtains, and other measures as required
to prevent off-site sedimentation.
Grade and ditch the site or provide sumps and pumps as necessary to
direct surface runoff away from open excavations and subgrade
surfaces. Provide and maintain temporary trenches, drain pipes,
sumps, and other equipment to keep all excavations dry. Collect and
remove all groundwater seepage, surface runoff, and wastewater from
construction activities. All water pumped or drained from the Work
shall be disposed of in a manner that will not result in undue
interference with other work or damage to adjacent properties, other
surfaces, structures, and utilities.
"Pump Around" operations will be performed as described in
SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL of the Specifications and
as directed by the Engineer at the time of construction. The
Contractor is encouraged to perform as much channel construction
off-line in order to reduce the need for "pump around" operations.
No channel shall be constructed in the wet.
Suitable temporary pipes, flumes, or channels shall be provided for
water that may flow along or across the site of the work. All water
due to the dewatering operation shall be legally disposed of in
accordance with all applicable state and federal regulations and other
applicable regulations.
Under no circumstances shall fill be placed in excavations containing
standing water without approval of the Engineer.
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to excavate for
construction of restored stream channels as shown on the Drawings
without damage or interruption of utility service.
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
5.3 REFERENCES
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Construction
Standards for Excavations, 29 CFR Part 1926.650-.652.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply.
5.4 PREPARATION
Locate, identify, and protect utilities from damage as described in
SITE PREPARATION. Notify utility companies and coordinate for
and/or install protection of utilities where necessary. Not all utilities
are shown on the Drawings.
5.5 EXCAVATION
Protect all utilities and structures that may be damaged by excavating
work. In areas where stream and floodplain grading will be
implemented, the existing top six inches of soil should be removed
and stored prior to construction or reconstruction efforts. Excavated
channel segments shall be constructed to line, slope, and dimension
described in the Drawings. Channel features (riffles and pools) shall
be excavated to the approximate typical shape shown and form a
smooth transition between features. Boundaries of graded areas will
be graded such to form a smooth blended interface with the
surrounding ground surface.
Excavate subsoil to accommodate restored channel cross-sections,
and other site grading as shown on the Drawings. Perform Work in
accordance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) - Construction Standards for Excavations, 29 CFR Part
1926.650-.652. Provide trench and excavation protection as required.
Slope banks with machine to stable slope or flatter until shored.
Grade top perimeter of excavation to prevent surface water from
draining into excavation. Where required to protect utilities, perform
excavation by hand.
Remove cemented subsoil, boulders, and rock. Cemented subsoil,
boulders, and rock shall be defined as materials which can not be
readily broken down to less than 1/4 cu. yd. solid volume by
concentrated effort of a track-mounted excavator, equivalent to a
Caterpillar 315, equipped with rock teeth. Notify Engineer if
subsurface conditions require excavation of larger cemented subsoil,
boulders, and rock, and discontinue work in affected area until
notified to resume work. If cemented subsoil, boulders, or rock
greater than 1/2 cu. yd. solid volume is encountered above required
excavation,
Engineer may direct adjustment in construction elevations based on
site and sub-surface conditions encountered during construction.
Adjustment of elevations shall not be a basis for additional payment.
Correct areas over excavated in accordance with FILLING,
BACKFILLING, AND COMPACTION. Stockpile select excavated
material on-site for re-use in backfill. Stockpile locations shall be
subject to Owner and Engineer approval and surrounded by 2 rows of
silt fence.
5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where buffer planting will be implemented, the stockpiled
topsoil should be redistributed in preparation for restoration planting
operations as described in CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES of these Specifications.
All areas where topsoil is distributed shall be disked or harrowed to
ensure soil aeration and to increase the surface roughness prior to
planting.
5.7 TOLERANCES
Top surface of channel protection lining (where applicable): Plus or
minus on inch from required elevations.
Top surface of in-channel structures: Plus or minus one inch from
required elevations.
Top surface of floodplain (where applicable): Plus or minus two
inches from required elevations.
Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus two inches
from required elevations.
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008 '
' SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING, AND COMPACTION Earth fill in slopes, channel plugs, and other structures designed to
restrain the movement of water shall be placed so as to meet the
' 6.1 SECTION INCLUDES following additional requirements:
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to perform filling, a. The distribution of materials throughout each zone shall be
backfilling of existing channel, and compaction for construction of essentially uniform and the fill shall be free from lenses,
restored stream channel, and other site work as shown on the pockets, streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in
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Drawings without damage or interruption of utility service. texture or gradation from the surrounding materials.
Replacement of removed topsoil shall be as described in CHANNEL b. Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen
PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES of materials. Do not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy
these Specifications. subgrade surfaces. Employ a placement method that does not
disturb or damage other work. Place backfill and fill in loose
6.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT level lifts not to exceed six inches in thickness before
' compaction. Make gradual grade changes. Blend slope into
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable. level areas. Slope grade minimum 2 inches in 10 feet, unless
noted otherwise.
63 REFERENCES
' c. If the surface of any layer becomes too hard and smooth for
ASTM D2487 - Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes. proper bond with the succeeding layer, it shall be scarified
parallel to the axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2 inches
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of before the next layer is placed.
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the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply. 6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
6.4 FILL MATERIALS For backfilling of old stream channel and other low points, lift
thickness shall not exceed 12".
Soil excavated during construction and stockpiled may be re-used as
fill, provided that it can be conditioned and compacted as specified. Compaction shall be performed using tracked equipment equivalent
Supplement or replace excavated soils with ordinary fill as needed to to a Caterpillar 315 track mounted excavator or Caterpillar D5
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complete work. Ordinary fill shall be any soil classified as SM, SC, bulldozer. Compacted areas shall be trafficked with the equipment
SP-SM, SP-SC, SC-SM, SP, or SW under ASTM D2487. tracks a minimum of three passes in both directions for each
compacted soil lift.
Waste areas may be available in the immediate vicinity of the project
site. Coordination with the Owner for waste areas is the 6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
responsibility of the Contractor. If soil excavated during cut
operations is not re-used and no waste areas are available on site, it Protect finished work. Reshape and re-compact fills subjected to
shall be removed from the site to an appropriate disposal facility at no vehicular traffic or damaged by erosion.
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additional charge to Owner. The Contractor shall be responsible for
the payment of all fees associated with transportation and disposal of 6.9 TOLERANCES
unusable materials.
Top surface of channel protection lining (where applicable): Plus or
Suitable borrow material may be available within the vicinity of the minus on inch from required elevations.
project site but must be identified by a Geotechnical Engineer. The
Contractor shall obtain results of a Standard Proctor test, Atterberg Top surface of in-channel structures: Plus or minus one inch from
Limits test, and classification in accordance with ASTM D2487, and required elevations.
submit to the Engineer for approval.
Top surface of floodplain (where applicable): Plus or minus two
6.5 SUBGRADE PREPARATION inches from required elevations.
' Compact subgrade to density requirements for subsequent backfill Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus two inches
materials. Cut out soft areas of subgrade not capable of compaction from required elevations.
in place. Backfill with ordinary fill material and compact to density
' equal to or greater than requirements for subsequent fill material. END OF SECTION
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE
PREPARATION
' Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen materials. Do
not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy subgrade surfaces.
Employ a placement method that does not disturb or damage other
work. Slope grade minimum 2 inches in 10 feet, unless noted
otherwise. Make gradual grade changes. Blend slope into level
areas. Place backfill and fill in loose level lifts not to exceed six
inches in thickness before compaction. Make gradual grade changes.
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Blend slope into level areas.
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-
STREAM STRUCTURES
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Permanent channel erosion protective linings and in-stream rock and
log structures used in the construction of restored stream channel.
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
7.3 REFERENCES
The following Specifications and methods form a part of this
specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
ASTM C88 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and
Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
ASTM D4491 - Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of
Geotextiles by Permittivity
ASTM D4632 - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and
Elongation of Geotextiles
ASTM D4833 - Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance
of Geotextiles, Geomembranes, and Related Products
ASTM D4355 - Standard Test Method for Deterioration of
Geotextiles from Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon-
Arc Type Apparatus)
ASTM D4751 - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent
Opening Size of a Geotextile
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply.
7.4 GENERAL
A channel protective lining has been selected along channel banks.
In-stream structures will be installed to create a more natural channel
profile for use in the stream and to protect channel banks along areas
of high bank shear. Materials to be used in channel protective linings
and the in-stream structures are specified in this section.
Channel erosion protection linings shall be constructed of the
materials specified in this section and as shown on the Drawings.
Linings shall be laid true to the grade shown on the Drawings.
Linings shall make a smooth interface with the surrounding grade.
Any portion of the lining which has its grade or surface disturbed
after placement shall be repaired. Any portion thereof already in
place which is found to be defective or damaged shall be repaired or
replaced, as directed by the Engineer, without additional cost to the
Owner.
The in-stream structures shall be constructed of the materials
specified in this section and as shown on the Drawings. Any portion
of the structure which is disturbed after placement shall be repaired.
Any portion of the structure found to be defective or damaged shall
be repaired or replaced, as directed by the Engineer, without
additional cost to the Owner.
7.5 MATERIALS
Materials include coir fiber matting manufactured especially for
erosion control, Eco-Stakes, nonwoven geotextile, NCDOT Coarse
Aggregate Size #57, NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone,
NCDOT Class B Erosion Control Stone, boulders, and logs.
Coir Fiber Matting: Erosion control matting for streambanks shall be
CF-7 coir matting or equivalent material. Matting shall be 100% coir
fiber. Minimum Specifications for coir matting as follows:
Weight
Thickness
Water Velocity
Grab/Elongation (Dry)
Manning's n
Max Shear Stress
20.6 oz/yd2 (700 g/m2) ASTM-D3776
6.34 mm
10 ft/s
I I5.8lbs/23.9% MD ASTM-D4594
54. l lbs/33.5% XD
0.0294
4.46 lb/ftz
Eco-Stakes® or equivalent: Shall be of hardwood, cut from sound
solid trees and free from defects that would impair the strength of the
stake. Stakes shall be cut to the minimum length of 12-inches and
24- inches and shall contain no unsound knots. One end shall be cut
to provide a point; the opposite end shall be cut square with an
overlapping tongue so as to provide hold on the anchored matting.
24-inch stakes shall be used along the toe of the channel and 12-inch
stakes shall be used within the field and top edge of the matting as
detailed on the Construction Drawings.
Nonwoven Geotextile: Geotextile shall be a nonwoven fabric with a
minimum weight of 6 ounces per square yard (ASTM D3776), a
minimum grab strength in either direction of 180 pounds (ASTM
D4632), a minimum puncture resistance of (ASTM D4833) of 85
pounds, and permeability of (ASTM D4491) greater than 0.2 cm/sec.
Fabric meeting these Specifications shall still be subject to approval
or rejection by the Engineer. At the time of installation, the fabric
will be rejected if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration, or
damage incurred during the manufacture, transportation, or storage.
NCDOT Coarse Aggregate Size #57: Shall conform to gradation
requirements of Table 1005-1, NCDOT Specifications.
NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone: 2 to 6-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material furnished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can
exceed the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be
used.
NCDOT Class B Erosion Control Stone: 5 to 12-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material furnished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can
exceed the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be
used.
Boulders: Natural stone boulders of approximate dimension 5-foot x
2.5-foot x 2-foot shall be individually picked by Contractor from the
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 6
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008 '
quarry or the on site stockpile for use in in-stream structure
construction. Boulders as small as 3' x 2.5' x 1.5' may be used;
however, they shall not constitute more than 20 % of the total
boulders.

11 determined to be rippable and necessary by the Engineer.
Logs: Logs shall be hardwood (or approved pine) with entire root
mass intact and attached to log. Branches shall be removed, and the
log shall have a uniform diameter over its length. Vane logs shall be
a minimum of 15 feet long with a diameter of 12 inches to 18 inches.
Anchor logs shall be a minimum of 10 feet long with a diameter of 12
inches to 18 inches.
7.6 IN-STREAM STRUCTURES
The work covered by this section consists of the construction of in-
stream structures including rock cross vanes (with or without rock
steps) and rock or log j-hooks (with or without rock steps).
The quantity of in-stream structures to be constructed will be affected
by actual conditions that occur during the construction of the project.
The type and quantity of structures may be increased or decreased at
the direction of the Engineer. Such variations in quantity will not be
considered as alterations in the details of construction or a change of
character of the work. Such changes shall not be the basis for
additional payment.
A tracked hydraulic excavator with a hydraulic thumb of sufficient
size to move specified boulders is required for this item. Precise
placement of structures will be determined during construction by the
Engineer and may not reflect the Construction Drawings. In-stream
structures installed must be inspected and approved by the Engineer.
Excavation for the purpose of installing structures is incidental and is
covered by this line item.
The excavation of the subgrade and installation of the structure will
be consecutive and continuous. Once the installation procedure has
initiated it will be completed before the end of the workday. Any
incidental/accidental discharge of sediment accumulation as a result
of the installation procedure will be removed or integrated into the
designed bedform. Excavation shall terminate at bedrock if contacted
prior to the design grade. Bedrock will be excavated only if it is
Place rock cross vanes and j-hooks (and rock sections of log j-hook)
as shown in Drawings. Footer rocks shall be installed to define shape
of in-stream rock structures, and the arms of in-stream log j-hooks.
Footer rocks shall be installed such that their long dimension is
oriented in the direction of flow. No gaps shall be left between footer
rocks. Minimum footer rock depth below the proposed ground
surface of the stream bed shall be 3 feet. Rock sills shall extend a
minimum of 5 feet beyond bankfull (perpendicular to stream flow) as
indicated on Drawings.
Geotextile shall be placed over structures and backfilled with
aggregate as shown on Drawings. Grade area where structures are to
be constructed. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and
pockets of soft or low density material. Unless otherwise directed by
the Engineer, the structure shall be installed on the slope and/or angle
as indicated on the Drawings. The stone backfill shall be graded so
that the smaller stones are uniformly distributed throughout the mass.
The Contractor may install the structure by mechanical methods,
augmented by hand placing where necessary. Drop height shall be
not more than one foot.
Log vanes shall be placed on top of footer rocks along an anchor log
as shown on Drawings. The upstream end of the log shall be buried
and pinned between a boulder and a footer rock. Geotextile shall be
nailed to the upstream side of the log (with a minimum nail length of
1.5 inches and a 1-inch diameter rubber washer) and backfilled with
aggregate as shown on Drawings.
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
Grade area to be lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris,
and pockets of soft or low density material. The rock or log weir
structures shall be completed prior to installation of the channel
protective linings.
Cover area with stockpiled topsoil to a depth of not less than 4
inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown on Drawings.
Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, seeded and straw
mulched as described in PERMANENT SEEDING of these
Specifications.
CF-7 (C125) erosion control matting shall be installed over mulched
areas to anchor seedbed and in a direction perpendicular to the axis of
the stream. The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension,
stress, folds, wrinkles or creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a
minimum of 12 inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower
matting. Vertical overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12
inches with the upstream matting overlapping the downstream
matting.
The top (crest) edge of the matting shall be anchored in trench at least
12 inches deep to prevent undercutting of the matting. Trench should
be located a minimum of 24 inches from the top of bank, and shall
not alter channel or floodplain grade. Matting trench and Eco-
Stakes® (or equivalent) shall be installed as shown on Drawings.
Matting shall be anchored utilizing Eco-stake® (or equivalent) stakes
installed not more than 3 feet apart (3' on centers) and staggered, with
a minimum of 3 stakes per square yard of matting over the entire
lined area. 24-inch Eco-stakes® (or equivalent) shall be used along
the toe of the channel and 12-inch stakes shall be used within the
field and top edge of the matting as detailed on the Construction
Drawings. Along all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in the
matting, install a common row of staples at the seam, installing
staples on 1 foots (12 inch) centers. Along the toe, 24 inch Eco-
Stakes® (or equivalent) shall be spaced not more than 2 feet apart.
All stakes shall be driven perpendicular to the axis of the stream as
shown in Drawings. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to matting
material.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will
be done at no additional cost to the Owner.
END OF SECTION
I S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 7 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
SECTION 8 - STREAMBANK AND RIPARIAN BUFFER
PLANTING
8.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to implement planting
plan.
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
8.3 REFERENCES
The following Specifications and methods form a part of this
specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
15 NCAC 213.200 - Classification of Water Quality Standards
Applicable to Surface Waters & Wetlands of North Carolina
Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (1968 The University
of NC Pres) Radford, Ahles and Bell
American Standard for Nursery Stock, latest edition
increase in compensation will be made to the Contractor as a result of
the use of the approved substitute plants.
8.6 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where stream restoration will be implemented, preparation
for restoration planting operations shall be as described in Channel
PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES of
these Specifications.
Where plant stakes and plant cuttings shall be planted through the
Channel Protective Lining or Slope Protection Matting, holes shall be
made by neatly punching a hole in the matting with a dibble bar (a
heavy metal tool with a blade and a foot petal) or similar device. The
dimensions of the hole shall not exceed 3" in any direction, taking
care not to damage the surrounding matting.
8.7 PLANT STAKES AND CUTTINGS
Plant stakes and cuttings if approved for use by the Engineer shall
consist of freshly cut live plants of select stock which has been
developed by proper cultural treatment. Stakes (live stakes) and
cuttings shall be 3/8- to 1-inch diameter and between 12 and 24
inches long and be reasonably straight. They shall be carefully cut
from mother-stock plantings. Plant materials shall be packaged,
transported, and handled in a manner that will prevent injury, drying
out, or freezing.
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual 8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply.
8.4 GENERAL
Where plant stakes and plant cuttings shall be planted, they shall be
installed at a 45 to 60 degree angle in the direction of stream flow.
The buds of stakes and plant cuttings should point upward and about
6 inches of wood should be exposed above the ground surface. Tap
the surrounding soil firmly to eliminate air pockets.
Materials plants shall be as called for by theses Specifications.
Botanical names referred to in the Drawings are taken from "Hortus
Third", the Baily Hortorium (1976 MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc.).
All plants delivered shall be true to name. Each plant, or group of the
same species, variety, and size of plant, shall be legibly tagged with
the name and size of the plant. All plants shall be first-class
representatives of their species.
All plants shall be free from plant diseases and insect pests. All
shipments of plants shall comply with all nursery inspection and plant
quarantine regulations of the states of origin and destination, as well
as with Federal regulations governing interstate movement of stock.
If stock from other states is used, the stock shall be accompanied by a
tag or certificate stating, in effect, that the stock has been inspected
and certified by an authorized official of the state of origin as
apparently free from injurious plant pests.
All plants shall be subject to inspection at any time by the Engineer.
Any such inspection before or during planting operations, however
shall not be construed as final acceptance of the plants involved.
8.5 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
No change in the specified plants (species, variety, size, caliper, etc.)
will be made without written approval of the Engineer. All requests
by the Contractor for substitutions shall be presented in writing and
shall include a listing of the sources which have been contacted in an
attempt to secure the specified plant material. Requests for
substitutions shall include botanical name, common name, size,
caliper, and furnish description of the proposed substitute. No
Where stream bank planting is directed, areas shall be planted with
live stakes using 3-foot by 3-foot centers as shown on construction
Drawings.
Care should be taken to avoid planting stakes too deep or too
shallow, and to avoid damage to stakes during planting. Planting
depth should be in accordance with listed references and supplier
recommendations. Plant stakes and cuttings shall be kept cool and
moist to avoid damage and improve survivability.
8.9 BARE ROOT PLANTS
Bare root plants shall have a heavy fibrous root system, which has
been developed by proper cultural treatment. They shall be dug, '
packaged, transported, and handled in a manner that will prevent
injury to or drying out of the trunks, branches, or roots, or freezing of
the roots.
8.10 PLANTING PERIODS

The installation of plant material shall be performed in mid to late
'
winter, between December 1 and May 1 (best planting period January
1 to March 1) to allow plants to stabilize during the dormant period
and set root during the spring.
8.11 SUBMITTALS ,
Contractor shall submit purchase certificates including quantities,
size, species, supplier and supplier locale (or other proof) of all
species planted to the Engineer. '
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.131 Page 8
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008 ,
SECTION 9 - PERMANENT SEEDING
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Permanent seeding for permanent site stabilization.
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
9.3 REFERENCES
The following Specifications and methods form a part of this
specification:
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) - Guidelines
for Riparian Buffer Restoration
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply.
9.4 GENERAL
Permanent seeding shall be executed in temporary lined areas and all
other areas which are disturbed during construction activities. In
areas where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, seedbed
preparation and seeding shall be performed prior to the placement of
erosion control matting (See CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES).
9.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
Complete grading before topsoiling or preparing seedbeds. Avoid
creating steep slopes. Excess stockpiled topsoil not used in
construction of Channel Protective Lining shall be redistributed
across areas to be seeded. Where topsoil is unavailable, seedbeds
may be prepared directly on the exposed finished grade or topsoil
may be imported.
If topsoil is used, it should be spread to a uniform depth of four to six
inches and bonded to the subsoil by loosening with a disc, harrow, or
chisel plow. Areas where seeding will occur on exposed finished
grade shall be disked or harrowed to ensure soil aeration and to
increase the surface roughness prior to planting.
Apply lime and fertilizer evenly across seedbed and work into the top
4-6 inches of soil by discing or other suitable means. Operate
machinery on the contour.
Rework the surface if soil becomes compacted or crusted prior to
seeding. Complete seedbed preparation by breaking up large clods
and raking into a smooth, uniform surface. Fill in or level
depressions that can collect water.
9.6 SEEDING
Apply permanent seeding to seedbed after preparation is complete.
Use certified seed for permanent seeding whenever possible.
Certified seed is inspected by the North Carolina Crop Improvement
Association. It meets published North Carolina Standards and should
bear an official "Certified Seed" label. Broadcast seed into a freshly
loosened seedbed that has not been settled by rainfall. Mulch must
be used on all exposed areas with special attention paid to slopes
4H: IV or steeper and in areas when concentrated water may flow.
Anchor mulch with netting in areas subject to concentrated flow. In
areas where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, no mulch
shall be used and erosion control matting (CF-7 or equivalent) shall
be placed within 24 hours of seeding. Apply seeds and mulch at the
rates indicated below.
All disturbed areas:
Species Rate (lbs/acre)
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) 10
Mulch Rate (Ibs/acre)
Grain Straw 4000
(2 bales per 1000 square feet)
9.7 SEEDING DATES
Seeding dates given in these seeding Specifications have the best
probability of success.
Best Possible
Late winter 15 Feb-15 Apr 1 Dec-15 Apr
Seeding shall be completed within the "possible" range of dates
unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. Approval of the
application of Permanent Seeding measures outside of the desired
date does not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for ensuring
vigorous growth as described in SITE MAINTENANCE.
9.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
Follow recommendations of soil tests or apply 2,000 lbs/acre ground
agricultural limestone and 750 lbs/acre 10-10-10 fertilizer.
9.9 MULCH
Apply grain straw, or equivalent cover of another suitable mulching
material as described above and as approved by the Engineer.
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.131 Page 9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
SECTION 10 -SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Installation of temporary sediment and erosion control measures to
include installation of silt fence, erosion control matting, temporary
erosion control devices, temporary seeding measures, and pump
around operations. The Contractor shall maintain these measures to
ensure proper structure function and vigorous temporary vegetative
cover during construction.
10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
10.3 REFERENCES
The following Specifications and methods form a part of this
specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures
ASTM C88 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and
Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
ASTM C 171 - Standard Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing
Concrete
ASTM D698-78 - Moisture Density Relationships of Soils
ASTM D3776 - Standard Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area
(Weight) of Woven Fabric
ASTM D4355 - Standard Test Method for Deterioration of
Geotextiles from Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon-
Arc Type Apparatus)
ASTM D4491 - Standard Test Methods for Water Permeability of
Geotextiles by Permittivity
ASTM D4632 - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and
Elongation of Geotextiles
ASTM D4751 - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent
Opening Size of a Geotextile
ASTM D4833 - Standard Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance
of Geotextiles, Geomembranes, and Related Products
U.S. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and U.S. Bureau of
Reclamation (USBR) Report, FHW-RD-89-199, Hydraulic Stability
of Articulated Concrete Block Revetment Systems During
Overtopping Flow
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements
shall apply.
10.4 MATERIALS
Materials include silt fence, excelsor netting, wire staples, wooden
construction stakes, nonwoven geotextile, erosion control stone and
rip rap.
Silt Fence: Silt fence shall have steel posts, woven wire fabric, and
filter fabric. The steel post shall have a minimum length of 5 inches
and minimum width of 1'/4 inches. The steel posts shall have
projections for fastening the wire to the fence. The woven wire
fabric shall be at lest 32 inches high, and shall have at least 6
horizontal wires. Vertical wires shall be spaced a maximum of 12
inches apart. The top and bottom wires shall be at least 10 gauge.
All other wires shall be at least 12'/2 gauge. The silt fence filter fabric
shall meet the following minimum criteria:
Grab Tensile Strength 1001bs.
Grab Tensile Elongation 15%
UV Resistance 70%
Apparent Opening Size (AOS) 20 (US Sieve)
Excelsior Matting: Matting for erosion control in areas other than
streambanks with slopes graded greater than or equal to 3H:1 V shall
be excelsior matting. Excelsior matting shall consist of a machine
produced mat of curled wood excelsior a minimum of 47 inches in
width. The mat shall weigh 0.975 pounds per square yard with a
tolerance of plus or minus 10 percent. At least 80 percent of the
individual excelsior fibers shall be 6 inches or more in length. The
excelsior fibers shall be evenly distributed over the entire area of the
blanket. One side of the excelsior matting shall be covered with an
extruded plastic mesh. The mesh size for the plastic shall be a
maximum of 1" x 1" square. Matting for erosion control shall not be
dyed, bleached, or otherwise treated in a manner that will result in
toxicity to vegetation. Other acceptable material manufactured
especially for erosion control may be used when approved by the
Engineer in writing before being used.
Wire Staples: Shall be machine made of No. 11 gage (0.091"

diameter) new carbon steel wire formed into a "U" shape. The size '
when formed shall be 18" in length with a throat of not less than 1" in
width.
Nonwoven Geotextile: Geotextile shall be a nonwoven fabric with a '
minimum weight of 6 ounces per square yard (ASTM D3776), a
minimum grab strength in either direction of 180 pounds (ASTM
D4632), a minimum puncture resistance of (ASTM D4833) of 85

pounds, and permeability of (ASTM D4491) greater than 0.2 cm/sec. '
Fabric meeting these Specifications shall still be subject to approval
or rejection by the Engineer. At the time of installation, the fabric
will be rejected if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration, or

damage incurred during the manufacture, transportation, or storage. ,
NCDOT Coarse Aggregate Size #57: Shall conform to gradation
requirements of Table 1005-1, NCDOT Specifications.
Plastic Sheeting: Sheeting shall be durable and weather resistant with '
a minimum thickness of 4 millimeters. Impervious sheeting shall be
placed between rip rap and compacted earth core of impervious
cofferdam and must be strong enough to resist puncture from '
surrounding rock.
2" to 3" diameter surge stone (a Railroad Ballast Rock)
NCDOT Coarse Aggregate Size #57: Shall conform to gradation '
requirements of Table 1005-1, NCDOT Specifications.
NCDOT Class B Erosion Control Stone: 5 to 12-inch, widely graded, '
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 10 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008 ,
(No more than 5% of the material furnished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can
exceed the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be
used.
NCDOT Class 1 Rip Rap (Rip Rap): 5 to 17-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards.
The stone shall vary in weight from 5 to 200 pounds with 30%
weighing a minimum of 60 pounds each and 10% weighing a
minimum of 15 pounds each. (No more than 5% of the material
furnished can be less than the minimum size specified, nor can more
than 10% of the material exceed the maximum size specified). The
rock fragments shall be angular to subrounded in shape. Concrete
rubble shall not be used.
The special stilling basins shall be a water permeable fabric bag that
traps sand, silt, and fines from the sediment laden water entering.
The filter fabric shall meet the requirements of Section 1056 for Type
2 Fabric.
The special stilling basins shall be a bag constructed to a minimum
size of 10' X 15' made from nonwoven fabric. There shall be a
sewn-in 8 inch spout for receiving pump discharge. The bag seam
shall be sewn with a double needle machine using a high strength
thread. The seams shall have a minimum width strength of 60 lb/in
(ASTM D-4884).
The fabric used to construct the bag shall be stabilized to provide
resistance to ultra-violet degradation and meet the following
Specifications for flow rates, strength, and permeability:
Weight 8 oz/yd (ASTM D-3776)
Grab Tensile 200 lb (ASTM D-4632)
Puncture 130 lb (ASTM D-4833)
Flow Rate 80 gpm/sf (ASTM D-4491)
Permittivity 1.51/sec (ASTM D-4991)
W Resistance 70 % (ASTM D-4355)
10.5 SILT FENCE
The Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other
items necessary to furnish and install the silt fence as shown on the
Drawings and specified herein. The silt fence shall be placed
following the contours as closely as possible. The ends of the silt
fence shall be turned uphill.
The posts shall not exceed a spacing of 8 feet. The posts shall be
driven into the ground and shall extend above ground as shown on
the Drawings. The filter fabric shall be stapled or wired to each post.
The filter fabric shall extend into the ground as shown in the
Drawings.
If possible, the filter fabric shall be cut from a continuous roll to
avoid the use of joints. When joints are necessary, securely fasten the
filter cloth only at a support with an overlap of not less than 8 feet to
the next post.
Silt fences shall be inspected weekly and after each significant storm
(0.5 inch in 24 hrs.). Any required repairs shall be made
immediately. Sediment shall be removed when it reaches 1/3 height
of the fence or 9 inches maximum. Dispose of the sediment in the
designated disposal area.
10.6 INSTALLATION OF EROSION CONTROL
MATTING
Erosion control matting shall be used or all slopes steeper than
3H:1 V unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. Grade area to be
lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and pockets of
soft or low density material.
Cover area with stockpiled topsoil to a depth of not less than 4
inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown on Drawings.
Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, and seeded as
described in PERMANENT SEEDING of these Specifications.
Install excelsior matting perpendicular to slope. Matting shall be
unrolled with netting material on top and blanket material in contact
with the soil. (Note: some excelsior matting has netting on both
sides.) The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress,
folds, wrinkles or creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum
of 12 inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower matting.
Vertical overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12 inches.
The top and bottom edges of the matting shall be anchored in trench
at least 12 inches deep as shown on Drawings to prevent undercutting
of the matting. Matting trench and wire staples shall be constructed
and installed as shown on Drawings.
Wire staples shall be installed not more than 3 feet apart (3' on
centers) and staggered, with a minimum of 3 staples per square yard
of matting over the entire lined area. Staples shall be driven
perpendicular to the soil surface. Staples shall be driven flush with
soil surface to reduce potential for movement of the erosion control
matting. Staples shall be installed in parallel rows on 3' centers and
in trenches at the top and bottom of the slope as shown on Drawings.
Along all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in the matting, install a
common row of staples at the seam, installing staples on 1'(12")
centers. All staples shall be driven so that the throat of the staple is
perpendicular to the axis of the stream as shown in Drawings.
Staples shall be driven in with a wooden mallet. Care shall be taken
to avoid damage to matting material.
Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install the excelsior matting as shown on the
Drawings and specified herein.
The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress, folds,
wrinkles or creases. When matting material is unrolled, netting
material should be on top with blanket material in contact with the
soil. (Note: Some excelsior matting has netting on both sides.)
Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 12 inches with the upper
matting overlapping the lower matting. Vertical overlaps in matting
shall be a minimum of 12 inches with the upstream matting
overlapping the downstream matting.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will
be done at no additional cost to the Owner.
10.7 TEMPORARY ROCK CHECK DAM
Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install temporary rock check dams as shown
on the Drawings and specified herein.
Construct rock check dams in areas show on the Drawings. Check
dams shall be constructed prior to construction of Temporary Stream
Crossings to minimize sediment yield during construction.
' S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 1 I
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008
Dimensions and elevations shall be determined by the Engineer and
installation shall be in accordance with those recommendations.
Abutments shall not be steeper than 2H: I V. Rock abutments shall
extend 2 feet above the spillway with a minimum thickness of 2 feet.
Rock abutments shall extend down the downstream face of the dam
to the toe, at least 0.5 to 1.0 feet higher than the rest of the dam to
protect the earth abutments from scour. Front and back slopes shall
not be steeper than 1 H: I V.
Non-woven geotextile shall be placed prior to any rock placement.
The placement surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and
pockets of soft or low density material. The fabric shall be laid
smooth and free from tension, stress, folds, wrinkles or creases.
Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 18 inches with the
upstream fabric overlapping the downstream fabric. Outer edges of
fabric shall be anchored in trench at least one foot deep. In the event
that the fabric is displaced or damaged during the placement of stone
or rip rap, the rip rap shall be removed and the fabric repositioned or
replaced prior to the placement of the rip rap. This will occur at no
additional cost to Owner.
Class 1 rip rap shall be placed to the dimensions and elevations as
determined by the Engineer at the time of construction. Rip rap drop
height shall be no more than two feet. A 12-inch layer of #57 stone
shall be placed on the upstream face of the rip rap. Stone layer on
upstream face shall be inspected occasionally and replaced to the
design thickness in order to perform its intended function. The area
upstream of the dam shall be cleared of collected sediment at a point
when the sediment reaches a depth of one-half of the height of the
check dam.
10.8 TEMPORARY COFFERDAMS
Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install temporary cofferdams as shown on
the Drawings and specified herein.
Construct cofferdams at locations show on the Drawings.
Cofferdams shall be constructed prior to commencement of pumping
operations. Dimensions and elevations shall be determined by the
Engineer and installation shall be in accordance with those
recommendations. Abutments shall not be steeper than 2H:1 V. Rock
abutments shall extend 2 feet above the spillway with a minimum
thickness of 2 feet. Front and back slopes shall not be steeper than
1H:1V.
Non-woven geotextile shall be placed prior to any earth core fill or
rock placement. The placement surface shall be free of obstructions,
debris, and pockets of soft or low density material. The fabric shall
be laid smooth and free from tension, stress, folds, wrinkles or
creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 18 inches with
the upstream fabric overlapping the downstream fabric. Outer edges
of fabric shall be anchored in trench at least one foot deep. In the
event that the fabric is displaced or damaged during the placement of
stone or rip rap, the rip rap shall be removed and the fabric
repositioned or replaced prior to the placement of the rip rap. This
will occur at no additional cost to Owner.
The earthen core of the coffer dam shall be placed and compacted as
directed by the Engineer at the time of construction. An impervious
tarp shall be placed over the entire earth core over which rip rap shall
be placed.
Class I rip rap shall be placed to the dimensions and elevations as
determined by the Engineer at the time of construction. Rip rap drop
height shall be no more than two feet. The area upstream of the dam
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 12
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
shall be cleared of collected sediment at a point when the sediment
reaches a depth of one-half of the height of the cofferdam.
10.9 TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install the temporary construction entrance
at the location shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
The construction entrance shall be constructed prior to
commencement of other construction operations to reduce the
potential for transport of sediment and debris onto public rights-of-
way. Dimensions and elevations shall be as shown on the Drawings.
The transition width of the construction entrance shall be increased as
directed by the Engineer at the time of construction to accommodate
two-way traffic if deemed necessary.
Non-woven geotextile shall be placed prior to any rock placement.
The placement surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and
pockets of soft or low density material. The fabric shall be laid
smooth and free from tension, stress, folds, wrinkles or creases.
Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 18 inches with the
upstream fabric overlapping the downstream fabric. In the event that
the fabric is displaced or damaged during the placement of stone, the
stone shall be removed and the fabric repositioned or replaced prior
to the placement of the stone. This will occur at no additional cost to
Owner.
2" to 3" diameter Surge Stone (or Railroad Ballast Rock) shall be
placed to the dimensions and thickness shown on the Drawings. The
stone layer shall be inspected occasionally and replaced to the design
thickness in order to perform its intended function.
10.10 TEMPORARY STREAM CROSSINGS
Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install temporary stream crossings as shown
on the Drawings and specified herein.
Construct temporary stream crossings in areas show on the Drawings.
Check dams shall be constructed prior to construction of temporary
stream crossings to minimize sediment yield during construction.
Crossing dimensions shall be determined by the Engineer and
installation shall be in accordance with those recommendations.
Approach road slopes shall not be steeper than 511:1 V.
The stream bed shall be undercut prior to the placement of geotextile
to fully accommodate the depth of rip rap shown on the Drawings.
Non-woven geotextile shall be placed prior to any rock placement.
The placement surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and
pockets of soft or low density material. The fabric shall be laid
smooth and free from tension, stress, folds, wrinkles or creases.
Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 18 inches with the
upstream fabric overlapping the downstream fabric. In the event that
the fabric is displaced or damaged during the placement of stone or
rip rap, the rip rap shall be removed and the fabric repositioned or
replaced prior to the placement of the rip rap. This will occur at no
additional cost to Owner.
Class B rip rap shall be placed to the dimensions and thickness shown
on the Drawings. Rip rap drop height shall be no more than two feet.
Stone layer on the crossing shall be inspected occasionally and
replaced to the design thickness in order to perform its intended
function.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008
10. 11 PUMP AROUND OPERATIONS
The work covered by this item includes: providing, installing,
maintaining, and removing all equipment and materials associated
with the pumping of channel flow around work areas and dewatering
zones during construction.
The Contractor shall utilize the specified and appropriately sized
pumps to convey the diversion of water flow away from the work
area without creating a flood hazard or scour. The Contractor is
responsible for determining (based on the direction of the Engineer)
the location of coffer dams, pumps, discharge hose route, dirt bags,
splash pads, and period of operation prior to the initiation of any
pumping. An effort shall be made to complete all grading, channel
shaping, in-stream structure construction, and stabilization for each
section within one day. If work for any particular section cannot be
completed in one day, a 24-hour pumping operation will be set up
and maintained to facilitate the construction schedule.
Bypass Pump
The pumps used to convey the stream flow around the work area
during construction should be capable of pumping and discharging an
estimated 150 gallons per minute. The Contractor is responsible for
selecting properly sized pumps. These units should be silent and self-
priming models with self-contained fuel tanks large enough to
facilitate a 24-hour pumping operation. The pump should also be
matched with the necessary footage of flexible or ductile hose and
appropriately sized fittings.
Dewatering Pump
A second pump shall be used to dewater the work area between the
dams. The pump must be of sufficient size to dewater the work area
and pump that water from the bottom of the work area to the dirt bag.
The pump should be matched with the necessary footage of hose and
the required fittings.
Special Stilling Basin ("Dirtbae®" or annroved equivalent
A special stilling basin will be used if dewatering of the bypass area
is needed. The special stilling basins are covered in detail under the
"Special Stilling Basin" section below.
Temporary Splash Pad
A temporary splash pad shall be used to dissipate energy from the
discharge from the bypass pump. Alternatively, check dams may be
modified and used for this purpose as determined by the Engineer.
The temporary splash pads are covered in detail under the
"Temporary Splash Pads" section below.
10.12 SPECIAL STILLING BASINS
The work covered by this section consists of furnishing, placing, and
removing special stilling basins (Dirtbag® or approved equivalent) as
shown on the Drawings and directed by the Engineer. The special
stilling basin shall be used to filter pumped water during
construction. The quantity of special stilling basins may be
increased, decreased, or eliminated entirely at the direction of the
Engineer. Such variations in quantity will not be considered as
alterations in the details of construction or a change in the character
of work.
The special stilling basins shall be placed so the incoming water
flows through the bag without causing erosion. The bag will rest on
nonwoven geotextile fabric. The Contractor will grade the bed to
ensure that the filtered water exits at the desired location. The exit
location shall be chosen to prevent erosion. The neck or spout of the
bag shall be tied tightly to prevent water from exiting the bag without
passing through the walls.
The special stilling basins shall be disposed of and replaced when it is
% full of sediment, becomes torn or punctured, or is unable to filter
sediment at a reasonable flow rate. Approval from Engineer must be
received prior to removal and replacement of dirt bags. Contractor is
responsible for providing the necessary quantity of special stilling
basins for the duration of the project.
10.13 TEMPORARY SPLASH PADS
Non-woven geotextile shall be placed under entire pump around
outlet splash pad. The placement surface shall be free of
obstructions, debris, and pockets of soft or low density material. The
fabric shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress, folds,
wrinkles or creases.
Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 12 inches with the upper
fabric overlapping the lower fabric. Vertical overlaps in fabric shall
be a minimum of 18 inches with the upstream fabric overlapping the
downstream fabric. Outer edges of fabric shall be anchored in trench
at least one foot deep. In the event that the fabric is displaced or
damaged during the placement of rip rap, the rip rap shall be removed
and the fabric repositioned or replaced prior to the placement of the
rip rap. This will occur at no additional cost to the Owner.
Erosion Control Stone shall be placed over cushion layer to depth
indicated on the Drawings. The completed rip rap shall be at least the
thickness indicated on the Drawings. Drop height shall be not more
than two feet.
Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, the stone shall be placed
as indicated on the Drawings. The stone shall be graded so that the
smaller stones are uniformly distributed throughout the mass. The
Contractor may place the stone by mechanical methods, augmented
by hand placing where necessary, provided that when the rip rap is
completed it forms a properly graded, dense, neat layer of stone.
Each outlet splash pad shall be installed such that the downstream
end of the apron provides a smooth transition to the existing grade or
channel bed.
10.14 TEMPORARY SEEDING
The Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools, and other
items necessary to provide temporary seeding in accordance with
State and local Standards.
Areas where no substantial or significant progress is made for more
than 15 days shall be temporarily seeded as shown on the Drawings
and specified herein. All areas must be seeded, mulched, and
anchored unless written approval is granted by the Owner. Incidental
grading shall not constitute substantial or significant progress in
construction activity. Seeding and mulching shall be done
immediately following construction.
Temporary grass seed shall be applied at the following rate:
Twe Dates Possible Rate
German Millet May 1- Aug. 15 10 lbs./ac.
Rye (grain) Aug. 15 - May 1 301bs./ac.
' S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 13 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration March 2008
Follow recommendations of soil tests or apply 2,000 lbs/acre ground
agricultural limestone and 7501bs/acre 10-10-10 fertilizer. Straw
mulch shall be applied to all disturbed areas after seeding. Mulching
shall consist of small grain straw applied a rate of 70 pounds per
1000 square feet (70lbs./1000sq.ft.).
If permanent and temporary seeding is performed at the same time,
only use soil amendments as described in PERMANENT SEEDING
of these Specifications.
END OF SECTION
SECTION 11- SITE MAINTENANCE
11.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site maintenance to ensure vigorous vegetative cover, stable channel
lining, and durability of the work.
11.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See SPECIAL CONTRACT PROVISIONS if applicable.
11.3 EXECUTION
Contractor shall revisit the site as required in the special contract
provisions to inspect the condition of the project site. Areas of
erosion, settlement, poor vegetative cover, and displaced coir or
excelsior materials or in-stream structures, shall be repaired. Site
visits shall be coordinated with Owner.
Eroded areas shall be filled and reseeded in accordance with
PERMANENT SEEDING. Areas of poor vegetative cover shall be
reseeded and refertilized only.
Displaced, damaged, or dead shrub species shall be removed, and
replanted in accordance with STREAM BANK AND RIPARIAN
BUFFER PLANTING.
Displaced channel lining materials shall be recovered (if possible)
and replaced, or replaced with new channel lining materials to the
design line and grade in accordance with CHANNEL PROTECTIVE
LININGS AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURES.
END OF SECTION
S&EC Project No. 6820.D1 Page 14
River's Edge Apartments - Stream & Wetland Restoration
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
March 2008
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