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NC0000396_Geophysical Logging Rept Multiple Wells July 2016_20160831
® Geophysics LLc problem solved a member of The GEL Group INC Geophysical Logging Report Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL Arden, North Carolina Performed for: SynTerra July 14, 2016 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL Arden, North Carolina TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page SignaturePage..................................................................................................................................ii ExecutiveSummary.........................................................................................................................iii 1.0 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Equipment and Methodology................................................................................................ 1 2.1 Acoustic Televiewer...................................................................................................... 1 2.2 3-Arm Caliper................................................................................................................ 2 2.3 Fluid Temperature........................................................................................................ 2 2.4 Fluid Resistivity............................................................................................................. 2 2.S Single Point Resistance(SPR)........................................................................................ 2 2.6 Spontaneous Potential (SP).......................................................................................... 3 2.7 Heat Pulse Flowmeter(HPF)......................................................................................... 3 3.0 Field Procedures.................................................................................................................... 3 4.0 Data Processing and Results.................................................................................................. 4 Appendices Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Geophysical Logs Rose Diagrams Heat Pulse Flowmeter Logs and Fracture Characteristics GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Signature Page This report, entitled "Geophysical Logging, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL, Arden, North Carolina" has been prepared for SynTerra located in Greenville, South Carolina. It has been prepared under the supervision of Mr. Jorgen Bergstrom at the request of and the exclusive use of SynTerra. This report has been prepared in accordance with accepted quality control practices and has been reviewed by the undersigned. GEL Geophysics, LLC A Member of the GEL Group, Inc. Jorgen Bergstrom Senior Geophysicist Scott D. Carney Director July 14, 2016 Date GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL Arden, North Carolina EXECUTIVE SUMMARY GEL Geophysics performed geophysical borehole logging services in five, 6-inch diameter residential wells located at various properties in Arden, North Carolina, and in one, 4-inch diameter monitoring well located at the Duke Energy Asheville Plant. The field investigations were performed on May 9-12, 2016, on June 6, 2016, and on June 27, 2016. These investigations were conducted to aid SynTerra in evaluating potential pathways for groundwater migration through fractured bedrock at the sites. The geophysical logs consisted of acoustic televiewer, caliper, fluid resistivity, fluid temperature, single point resistance (SPR), spontaneous potential (SP), and heat pulse flowmeter (HPF). HPF logging was conducted under ambient conditions for all wells, and under pumping conditions for wells AS-9, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL. HPF logging was conducted throughout all the logged intervals. The logging data was analyzed to determine the location, orientation, and aperture of fractures; and other features. In addition to these data sets, synthetic caliper logs were calculated from the acoustic televiewer travel time data to aid in the interpretation. Dip, azimuth (dip direction), and aperture were calculated for each detected fracture based on the televiewer dataset. HPF data was analyzed to detect water producing fractures. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL Arden, North Carolina 1.0 INTRODUCTION GEL Geophysics performed geophysical borehole logging services in five, 6-inch diameter residential groundwater wells located in Arden, North Carolina (AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, and AS- 20), and in one, 4-inch diameter monitoring well located at the Duke Energy Asheville Plant (MWI8BRL). The geophysical logs consisted of acoustic televiewer, caliper, fluid resistivity, fluid temperature, single point resistance (SPR), spontaneous potential (SP), and heat pulse flowmeter (HPF). The field investigations were performed on May 9-12, 2016, on June 6, 2016, and on June 27, 2016. The logging data was analyzed to determine the location, orientation, and aperture of fractures; and other features. In addition to these data sets, synthetic caliper logs were calculated from the acoustic televiewer travel time data to aid in the interpretation. 2.0 EQUIPMENT AND METHODOLOGY The information below is an overview of the geophysical methodologies used for this investigation. The intent of this overview is to give the reader a better understanding of each method, and background information as to what is actually measured, the resolution of the method, and the limitations imposed by site -specific subsurface conditions. 2.1 Acoustic Televiewer Acoustic televiewer logging produces a high resolution, magnetically oriented digital image to map the location, aperture and orientation of intersecting fractures, foliations, and lithologic contacts. The Acoustic televiewer tool emits a rotating, narrow, acoustic beam that is reflected off the borehole wall. The travel time and amplitude of the reflected wave are recorded by the tool and used to create borehole images. Both datasets are useful for identifying the location, aperture and orientation of fractures. The amplitude of the reflected signal will decrease at the location of fractures and the travel time will increase. The travel time data can also be used for developing a high resolution caliper log for a more comprehensive analysis of fractures. Acoustic televiewers can only be used in fluid filled boreholes. However, the fluid does not have to be optically clear for the method to work. The acoustic televiewer has a vertical resolution of 2 millimeters. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, INC Raleigh, INC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 2 2.2 3-Arm Caliper Caliper logging is used to generate a profile of the borehole diameter with depth. The tool measures the borehole diameter using three spring -loaded arms. Narrow enlargements in the borehole diameter can, in most cases, be attributed to fractures. Caliper logging can be conducted above and below the water surface. 2.3 Fluid Temperature Fluid temperature logging is used to identify where water enters or exits the borehole. In the absence of fluid flow, a gradual increase on water temperature of approximately VF per 100 feet of depth is expected. Rapid changes in the fluid temperature indicate water -producing or water - receiving zones. Little or no temperature gradient indicates intervals of vertical flow. 2.4 Fluid Resistivity Fluid resistivity logging is used to measure the electrical resistivity of the fluid in the borehole. Variations in fluid resistivity can be contributed to concentration variations of dissolved solids. These differences can occur when sources of water have contrasting chemistry and have come from different transmissive zones. Fluid temperature and resistivity are measured concurrently using the same logging tool. 2.5 Single Point Resistance (SPR) Single point resistance logging involves passing an alternate current between a surface electrode and a probe electrode and measuring the voltage difference created by the current. SPR is then calculated using Ohm's law. SPR is the sum of cable resistance, and the resistance based on the composition of the medium, the cross sectional area and length of the path through the medium. Therefore, the single point resistance log does not provide quantitative data. In general, SPR increases with increasing grain size and decreases with increasing borehole diameter, fracture density, and the concentration of dissolved solids in the water. Single -point resistance logs are useful in the determination of lithology, water quality, and location of fracture zones. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 3 2.6 Spontaneous Potential (SP) SP logging is conducted to measure naturally occurring voltage differences along a borehole. The method has been found useful for delineating sandstone/shale layering and other boundaries between permeable and impermeable beds. The measurements are made with reference to an electrode at ground level. Therefore, SP logging does not provide quantitative data. 2.7 Heat Pulse Flowmeter (HPF) HPF logging measures the direction and rate of vertical fluid flow in a borehole by heating up a small volume of water and monitoring temperature variations as the heated water moves with the fluid flow in the borehole. Under ambient conditions, differences in hydraulic head between two transmissive fractures produce vertical flow in the borehole. However, if the hydraulic head is the same, no flow will occur under ambient conditions. Therefore, HPF logging is also conducted under low -rate pumping conditions. HPF readings are point readings at the location of fractures. The location and number of these readings can be determined after analyzing the other geophysical logs for fractures. HPF can be used for measuring vertical flows between 0.005 gallons per minute (gpm) and approximately 1.5 gpm. 3.0 FIELD PROCEDURES All GEL Geophysics activities on -site were supervised by a senior geophysicist. For this investigation, GEL Geophysics used a Mount Sopris Matrix logging system. Pumping tests during HPF testing were conducted using a Grundfos Redi-Flow-2 water pump with variable speed control box and an in -situ Mini -Troll pressure transducer with logging capabilities. HPF logging under pumping conditions commenced after the borehole water level had stabilized. HPF logging was conducted throughout the logging intervals under ambient conditions for all wells, and under pumping conditions for wells AS-9, AS-14, AS-20 and MWI8BRL. Typical spacing between readings was 10-20 feet. More closely spaced readings were then conducted at sections with abrupt changes in flow. A summary of the configuration of the borehole, pumping rates, and water levels is provided below. All depth measurements for the residential wells are referenced from the top of casing. The depth measurements for MWI8BRL are referenced from ground surface. All wells are surface cased and open hole below the casing. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Logging Configuration Summary July 14, 2016 Page 4 Well ID: AS-9 AS-11 AS-13 AS-14 AS-20 MWI8BRL Bottom of casing (ft): 53.7 40.0* 71.7* 92.0* 70.8* 40.5 Casing material: PVC PVC PVC Steel Steel PVC Casing diameter (in): 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.0 6.2 4.9 Open hole (ft): 53.7- 280.7 40.0*- 798.5 71.7*- 543.5 92.0*- 340.3 70.8*- 221.9 40.5- 450.2 Open hole diameter (in): 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.9 6.0 3.9 Logging interval (ft) 50.5- 280.7 93.0- 798.5 113.0- 543.5 97.5- 340.3 77.5- 221.9 36.0- 450.2 Depth of pump (ft): 42.0 N/A N/A 120.0 90.0 30.0 Pumping rate (gpm): 1.0 N/A N/A 1.0 1.0 0.3 Water level before pumping (ft): 32.4 96.8 115.3 99.9 79.5 6.1 Water level at equilibrium (ft): 33.2 N/A N/A 100.4 79.9 23.6 * Depth to bottom of casing is estimated based on caliper data only. Depth could be incorrect 4.0 DATA PROCESSING AND RESULTS The logs were analyzed for fractures and other features using WelICAD software, manufactured by Advanced Logic Technology. The travel time data from the acoustic televiewer log was used to develop synthetic caliper logs. Fractures were interpreted through a complete data analysis of all logs. The logs are presented in Appendix 1 and a fracture summary for each well is provided below. Dip, azimuth (dip direction), and aperture were calculated for each detected fracture. The fracture data was corrected from apparent to true dip and azimuth using deviation logs included with the televiewer dataset. The azimuth or dip direction is measured clockwise from magnetic north (Figure 1). Attributes for all identified fractures for the wells are listed in the tables following this section. Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. Fracture rose diagrams are presented on Appendix 2. HPF logs and fracture characteristics are shown on Appendix 3. All depth measurements for the residential wells are referenced from the top of casing. The depth measurements for MWI8BRL are referenced from ground surface. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) iVest Fast Rela6ns between Doi and Ai irirutb angle Figure 1 Explanation of azimuth and dip for fractures July 14, 2016 Page 5 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 6 AS-9 Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 54.2 83 65 5 95.6 310 58 3 55.6 6 30 9 95.9 158 38 6 57.9 352 72 2 96.2 338 67 3 61.6 186 13 7 96.8 190 70 5 62.0 13 8 8 177.5 18 30 5 62.4 293 47 10 177.6 351 15 5 66.9 347 19 3 183.7 359 16 4 67.1 9 17 3 187.3 314 42 4 68.6 324 29 7 187.6 327 36 4 68.8 332 25 5 189.6 349 16 40 69.7 337 31 6 189.9 345 37 10 70.0 324 34 2 191.2 104 46 8 70.4 287 15 51 195.2 54 17 199 71.3 339 25 32 195.5 356 15 24 72.0 4 27 6 196.4 27 31 91 76.2 348 50 4 197.5 251 26 82 76.3 348 43 4 200.5 327 29 11 76.6 343 19 5 204.5 354 26 18 80.7 350 59 33 204.5 137 54 5 81.0 4 32 89 205.7 346 9 989 81.8 15 28 117 205.8 195 74 2 82.1 183 29 88 206.0 179 75 7 82.5 52 53 89 207.9 332 74 4 82.6 188 49 3 208.7 322 43 12 83.0 67 36 9 217.0 346 12 45 83.3 112 42 11 234.7 206 5 433 84.8 174 13 6 239.5 283 64 121 92.8 287 78 5 242.9 294 18 73 92.9 292 80 8 259.9 253 20 4 93.0 111 72 4 268.8 320 4 5 93.7 144 5 10 268.9 148 9 8 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. GEL Geophysics t_t_C Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 7 AS-11 Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 157.6 136 46 10 404.3 276 46 26 163.3 343 33 6 408.5 226 78 2 184.7 312 25 11 414.1 337 24 7 187.2 339 24 9 415.6 266 31 10 187.7 338 26 5 416.5 304 12 6 188.7 287 21 9 420.4 349 27 21 205.0 308 18 9 460.1 209 23 8 218.0 356 42 15 471.8 326 33 15 219.4 359 16 22 472.5 340 27 10 221.6 172 5 210 477.4 152 11 12 251.3 111 9 14 484.1 281 24 9 280.9 147 50 7 487.0 277 17 7 292.9 354 55 5 487.8 299 26 4 303.4 182 7 24 488.1 325 46 13 330.4 253 28 9 489.4 247 85 3 345.1 139 23 4 490.1 295 32 5 345.5 146 29 5 507.5 190 24 6 346.3 116 35 55 507.8 279 41 58 346.8 182 50 7 508.3 245 26 74 347.1 138 37 8 510.4 335 54 3 351.4 18 74 2 519.8 86 81 2 355.2 197 40 13 523.7 78 68 3 355.7 154 19 18 532.0 113 70 6 360.6 86 12 18 532.4 141 88 2 370.2 24 71 2 535.2 146 73 100 373.7 183 6 14 536.7 128 59 7 375.4 353 41 7 536.8 142 66 3 379.6 28 78 2 538.3 79 70 4 384.1 287 27 0 538.9 59 61 10 384.1 206 89 2 542.2 199 72 5 384.6 343 28 15 559.2 179 22 101 386.0 192 15 16 560.7 184 29 35 387.8 76 53 9 561.1 188 34 14 390.5 38 66 7 563.2 189 19 14 397.3 23 22 12 569.0 198 64 8 397.7 36 11 9 573.2 139 14 8 399.5 99 30 8 577.1 199 27 9 403.0 355 57 6 577.2 256 34 7 403.5 328 38 6 577.4 242 50 7 404.0 311 37 10 580.2 115 69 7 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 8 AS-11 Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 580.7 141 53 12 603.7 36 6 13 581.2 134 60 6 605.8 336 12 9 588.7 181 83 3 619.5 169 19 6 589.6 177 76 4 631.5 321 17 9 594.6 117 48 4 632.1 343 20 4 596.4 153 36 7 634.1 335 24 42 599.8 186 24 6 708.5 325 17 5 603.1 224 15 5 780.9 336 27 10 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. AS-13 Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 121.3 168 49 5 275.1 306 42 3 121.5 160 56 4 275.2 304 42 3 126.9 315 8 16 277.7 264 13 4 128.1 167 33 5 282.9 299 22 3 136.7 164 39 7 299.7 281 8 10 167.7 52 35 6 299.9 256 11 5 181.5 333 59 2 300.2 237 13 6 182.2 276 32 8 310.6 300 30 4 185.0 360 6 7 314.0 279 9 6 186.1 116 27 7 315.5 58 26 4 191.0 287 27 8 328.6 325 3 3 191.0 306 57 5 329.7 324 7 4 196.5 170 5 171 329.9 350 6 4 208.9 296 17 12 330.3 236 10 2 222.4 152 69 4 332.7 290 6 7 227.6 296 20 6 333.2 322 12 5 228.1 346 20 6 335.3 358 47 4 229.4 292 16 3 336.6 256 15 6 237.0 144 27 6 337.0 269 8 10 240.8 105 12 5 337.9 3 6 11 263.0 271 7 3 338.5 36 8 6 263.4 299 3 5 363.0 317 29 3 274.6 313 40 7 364.1 136 73 2 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 9 AS-13 Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 372.5 250 20 3 430.9 125 46 6 378.0 240 10 3 432.8 200 66 4 380.8 173 6 5 438.2 147 18 7 382.5 356 9 169 438.9 191 83 1 383.3 274 20 34 441.2 99 33 5 393.2 29 18 8 443.5 149 31 4 393.3 98 37 30 444.8 93 29 4 393.5 96 40 11 447.3 157 71 4 394.2 201 48 4 448.0 172 71 3 394.6 222 53 3 448.5 28 7 6 395.2 218 54 8 452.4 194 86 2 395.4 159 66 2 453.7 37 29 9 395.8 103 50 9 453.8 199 76 4 395.9 114 42 6 455.0 62 21 3 396.4 142 44 5 459.2 324 68 2 396.7 105 32 6 459.5 329 70 2 405.5 146 20 3 460.2 161 87 2 407.3 165 30 5 461.9 177 68 3 411.0 155 80 8 462.8 188 54 5 413.9 141 55 5 463.3 193 50 3 414.2 141 39 5 463.8 186 59 3 414.4 140 62 5 464.8 161 75 2 414.8 128 62 4 467.6 178 79 3 415.0 147 65 4 468.4 162 83 3 415.7 150 47 5 468.4 157 87 2 417.4 144 51 9 468.8 161 88 3 417.9 329 54 3 471.5 147 8 6 418.4 346 34 4 477.2 70 17 8 419.1 134 55 4 477.4 281 20 6 419.2 135 56 5 484.8 121 61 1 421.6 165 40 7 496.9 277 37 6 428.5 157 33 11 507.4 101 54 7 430.4 136 35 5 521.4 179 18 9 522.3 176 27 5 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 10 AS-14 Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 103.3 112 17 3 194.2 173 19 6 107.4 220 5 7 195.6 156 22 3 117.3 149 13 16 197.2 170 16 5 118.5 310 31 6 197.5 16 11 6 119.4 321 15 3 206.2 195 23 9 120.2 341 9 46 206.4 303 6 7 121.1 350 7 7 207.3 132 25 4 121.6 358 6 6 208.6 185 25 6 121.9 14 10 24 208.9 180 26 2 122.2 117 26 77 210.6 35 73 2 122.6 159 27 26 210.9 62 61 5 123.8 0 5 6 211.1 59 71 1 124.7 250 10 9 213.4 186 48 9 125.0 199 13 0 214.5 306 27 4 128.0 115 12 7 215.6 297 43 5 133.5 249 7 7 221.3 180 19 7 134.8 145 16 1 223.6 190 16 3 135.7 13 5 3 223.8 264 8 2 135.9 153 9 7 224.3 142 13 3 136.3 88 18 5 224.5 144 9 0 136.5 201 53 10 225.4 317 17 8 144.3 148 18 3 226.0 248 19 5 144.7 156 11 3 226.3 249 17 7 149.5 309 7 5 226.8 227 18 5 150.1 163 14 5 227.1 297 18 5 150.4 191 22 6 227.2 246 25 4 152.5 160 11 9 227.3 257 24 5 152.9 172 21 5 228.1 209 24 201 159.3 103 56 6 229.1 301 47 6 161.2 173 25 8 229.3 322 43 6 164.6 154 26 9 229.6 312 32 6 167.2 169 39 7 229.9 130 59 19 168.9 161 14 5 230.0 145 19 20 172.4 170 42 7 230.5 293 43 49 172.8 198 33 6 230.7 313 29 541 172.9 191 36 5 230.7 139 78 2 173.0 187 48 1 230.7 319 36 8 174.0 24 58 2 231.4 318 51 23 188.5 119 7 5 231.6 322 44 0 190.6 137 13 3 237.9 205 25 1 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 11 AS-14 Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 240.5 204 20 6 288.2 181 52 34 241.4 282 12 7 288.6 188 30 6 241.8 277 16 9 289.0 12 17 3 242.5 247 31 6 289.3 189 42 6 242.6 228 6 0 290.4 150 57 10 243.2 284 24 6 290.9 349 43 6 244.2 292 48 8 291.1 155 53 5 249.3 149 12 3 292.3 339 62 5 250.8 177 17 7 292.9 169 29 11 251.0 120 14 7 293.2 151 68 2 253.2 182 36 6 295.4 156 14 7 253.3 166 33 6 295.7 156 16 9 257.1 21 42 5 297.7 135 38 8 257.8 358 56 3 298.6 143 57 6 259.7 354 23 3 299.6 106 77 3 259.9 14 19 5 299.9 116 26 4 260.2 58 23 2 300.0 101 75 3 265.2 4 88 2 300.5 123 39 6 265.3 170 71 1032 300.8 116 45 6 265.3 181 76 1 301.5 29 16 4 265.6 197 76 4 301.8 140 14 5 267.5 170 60 1 302.1 69 31 1 268.3 173 49 5 304.4 191 86 3 268.5 169 59 10 306.2 203 49 6 268.7 169 71 6 306.3 204 36 3 268.9 165 76 8 307.0 182 39 6 271.7 133 56 6 307.7 187 51 7 272.0 8 29 4 308.7 175 20 7 274.0 178 54 3 309.0 170 70 4 283.6 15 12 5 309.0 172 22 9 283.9 9 18 4 310.4 187 17 7 284.2 358 20 3 310.9 183 26 7 285.0 222 29 4 311.1 207 30 5 285.5 158 29 3 312.1 217 7 7 285.9 135 19 10 312.6 171 60 6 286.2 47 4 21 313.1 167 44 3 286.6 59 4 0 313.3 191 20 7 286.8 168 15 9 313.5 196 25 10 287.1 183 19 31 314.0 165 30 5 287.4 201 59 7 314.2 194 26 5 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MW18BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 12 AS-14 Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 317.7 191 29 4 325.0 228 29 2 317.8 186 30 0 325.1 196 34 6 317.9 182 29 5 325.8 163 15 149 318.2 187 55 3 326.4 159 27 7 318.7 230 22 5 327.3 238 18 9 318.8 168 24 11 328.9 177 42 6 319.3 160 21 4 329.1 163 45 7 320.4 68 22 6 329.3 166 38 11 320.5 172 61 6 329.8 166 21 79 320.6 26 25 4 330.1 198 41 2 321.3 182 57 5 330.5 166 38 9 322.3 175 40 9 330.9 170 29 12 322.7 179 53 11 331.1 187 25 5 324.1 146 41 4 332.9 184 36 6 324.3 155 43 5 335.5 279 44 4 324.6 174 32 8 335.6 195 77 2 324.9 219 35 6 338.3 240 19 3 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. AS-20 Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 88.3 201 16 0 116.7 176 22 5 88.3 197 15 39 117.3 94 51 11 88.5 191 15 12 119.0 343 76 6 88.6 225 10 6 119.0 205 35 4 96.6 232 7 3 119.2 172 67 6 99.4 204 20 11 120.6 186 57 5 99.5 171 12 14 121.0 108 85 3 99.6 200 17 8 121.2 350 80 2 99.8 218 19 2 121.3 238 89 1 101.2 229 17 3 121.3 347 76 3 101.9 265 11 6 122.5 205 43 8 103.2 92 17 5 123.0 198 16 33 113.6 360 13 10 125.3 212 12 5 113.9 72 75 3 142.8 272 14 4 114.8 171 50 3 142.9 250 19 6 115.4 219 2 0 143.1 235 21 2 116.6 158 72 2 145.8 206 9 3 GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) AS-20 Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm 146.0 203 10 7 149.4 198 13 2 149.6 186 14 6 150.7 209 17 4 150.8 201 18 4 151.5 185 16 5 151.8 162 17 5 152.2 225 17 6 152.6 174 17 6 152.7 207 11 4 152.9 207 19 4 154.9 221 23 6 155.5 141 65 3 155.8 171 22 0 158.6 350 60 10 158.8 268 28 8 159.3 202 24 6 159.4 195 24 8 160.0 180 24 3 161.7 170 11 60 163.1 195 14 12 167.3 159 10 12 Depth Azimuth Dip ft deg deg 171.5 308 23 173.5 176 6 173.6 188 7 178.8 279 17 184.6 181 6 186.0 212 9 190.6 298 28 192.3 299 21 198.0 258 19 200.4 283 4 200.6 320 6 200.8 315 6 200.9 308 3 205.4 167 19 207.5 191 11 209.6 143 16 209.7 140 75 209.8 32 61 209.8 152 28 210.0 169 20 220.1 315 57 221.0 39 67 July 14, 2016 Page 13 Aperture mm 5 5 5 6 5 5 11 11 5 6 2 6 1 8 6 5 5 2 7 10 6 5 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. MWI8BRL Fracture Summary Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 42.0 1 27 6 101.6 12 4 3 63.4 346 8 4 104.8 347 13 10 69.9 3 14 5 105.9 281 73 2 70.0 309 6 5 109.8 135 84 1 70.1 178 8 9 113.3 137 87 1 78.6 114 2 4 113.4 112 43 8 83.8 344 8 5 114.6 328 64 2 84.7 349 3 10 122.6 36 6 18 96.1 198 50 9 135.2 177 86 1 100.4 357 13 6 140.5 136 74 2 GEL Geophysics t_t_C Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 14 MWI8BRL Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 143.0 138 18 5 241.0 13 51 3 144.7 137 34 4 241.9 234 54 2 145.4 70 77 2 244.0 208 63 2 146.0 79 14 2 244.2 203 66 3 147.3 107 11 122 244.5 199 74 2 148.7 119 32 5 246.5 4 55 4 154.8 108 5 6 246.9 210 45 6 155.0 44 7 8 248.7 198 77 2 156.2 20 10 12 249.3 217 73 1 158.4 83 32 4 249.9 263 20 5 158.4 178 16 5 253.7 137 9 326 165.4 68 6 8 255.4 3 27 4 172.9 14 11 8 258.4 40 53 4 172.9 34 8 8 260.4 132 27 8 176.9 108 80 3 260.7 20 45 3 182.1 144 18 13 261.5 98 63 2 187.1 109 6 9 262.4 98 90 2 193.9 217 71 3 264.1 235 58 5 196.1 127 10 4 264.9 343 56 4 197.6 196 15 13 266.8 139 52 4 202.5 144 15 9 266.9 313 65 3 207.4 190 64 2 268.2 48 47 3 212.4 149 48 3 268.7 65 71 1 214.6 148 62 6 271.4 256 35 2 214.6 308 44 7 271.5 215 65 2 215.5 136 57 7 271.7 36 61 3 217.0 208 72 2 275.6 346 76 2 219.2 245 28 4 275.7 235 71 2 221.4 240 38 9 275.9 228 79 1 221.6 129 56 5 276.0 231 79 2 222.0 205 31 3 277.2 189 50 2 222.9 6 71 1 277.4 183 5o 3 224.6 227 32 5 277.5 214 59 5 227.0 174 84 2 278.0 178 16 3 231.0 66 87 1 278.1 173 56 2 231.1 71 80 1 278.3 63 65 3 233.5 13 83 0 279.4 202 52 8 233.9 136 51 7 279.4 94 42 7 237.2 5 48 4 289.2 17 70 2 237.5 166 70 5 291.7 42 47 5 GEL Geophysics t_t_C Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com Geophysical Logging Report, Wells AS-9, AS-11, AS-13, AS-14, AS-20, and MWI8BRL July 14, 2016 Arden, North Carolina (synt00215) Page 15 MWI8BRL Fracture Summary (Continued) Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture Depth Azimuth Dip Aperture ft deg deg mm ft deg deg mm 293.7 50 53 4 339.1 210 73 2 294.2 212 75 2 346.7 72 7 4 301.5 202 77 4 360.3 160 34 2 303.2 1 56 4 362.6 187 53 5 303.6 19 61 2 364.8 168 65 3 303.8 32 63 2 367.3 149 40 3 305.4 158 49 15 368.2 150 68 3 306.3 119 88 2 370.4 161 83 1 307.5 55 80 2 386.1 265 58 4 307.9 116 77 2 390.2 9 34 4 309.6 148 57 4 391.5 159 60 4 309.8 337 60 5 392.7 87 6 8 312.0 181 49 2 396.2 94 71 4 312.0 350 49 2 397.1 268 54 1 314.2 344 57 3 397.4 273 47 2 314.8 120 64 4 401.3 340 42 2 314.9 100 70 2 402.3 138 70 3 315.4 114 49 5 402.6 162 58 2 316.2 102 64 3 403.5 264 51 3 316.7 108 61 1 404.1 163 60 3 316.7 101 84 1 415.1 88 5 14 317.3 114 60 1 415.2 145 63 3 317.6 332 19 5 436.3 134 42 1 319.5 139 8 248 436.4 130 29 5 320.8 127 41 3 436.6 131 28 1 325.4 56 42 5 437.3 143 17 4 327.0 124 82 2 438.6 285 54 3 332.1 136 9 204 445.3 92 75 2 335.4 29 67 4 447.0 97 64 3 338.3 145 31 8 450.1 320 62 1 Dominating water producing fractures based on flow logging are highlighted and shown in bold and italics text. Minor water producing fractures based on flow logging are shown in bold. Note: Water was apparently entering the well immediately below the casing in well MWI8BRL during pumping. GEL Geophysics LLC Charleston, SC Charlotte, NC Raleigh, NC Atlanta, GA www.gelgeophysics.com APPENDIX I a oil a mm A, LA v®� } ° NEI h ti="A f =i, ml NOW 7ILl- tv L. 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OF -212 �.' � ft-d -XI -. .am�pm� '�* -� rack �_e �4�i _ .. _ �•- _ .# ' �, �. , a" ��' ,, .. � �� iowt.a]� '.•'. `fie ��•.. .. `��7"•. 'Alt -1 /.. 3� s a �. �v r�x° -- �+�,�,. 4 - �.4.= _ T ,' � _ =�'�: . <� �-- - spy � _ - - - — i�se '� i r'Y - L7, AIR row. r .. ���Oriwr 40w!� —A _ 3 F Wm u C S-. ]v� EF s:�x� ... �I�R . _ ... �F =r Aik. � S RR ;vw- -Aim APPENDIX 2 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:1000ft 0 901 Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) Azimuth -Absolute (Count) Depth: 2.13 [ft] to 286.48 [ft] 50 0° Dip Count -Absolute (Count) Well ID: 1C Depth: 1.80 [ft] to 287.47 [ft] AS-9 100 0° 14 10 1 150 --- 1�14 Counts: 68.00 200 Mean (3D): 16.76 180° Min: 0.65 Components: Azimuth Max: 79.96 Counts: 68.00 250 Mean (3D): 341.41 Min: 3.63 Max: 359.17 Page 1 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:2000ft 0 90 Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) 50 Well ID: AS-11 100 150 Azimuth -Absolute (Count) 200 Depth: 2.13 [ft] to 833.46 [ft] 0° 250 Dip Count -Absolute (Count) 1C Depth: 1.80 [ft] to 832.81 [ft] 300 0° 350 0 1 i � 400 450 500 All Counts: 97.00 Mean (3D): 3.16 550 180' Min: 5.00 Components: Azimuth Max: 88.81 600 Counts: 97.00 Mean (3D): 276.24 650 Min: 1.85 Max: 358.71 700 750 800 Page 1 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:1000ft 0 90 i Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) 50 100 Well ID: 150 Azimuth -Absolute (Count) AS-13 Depth: 2.13 [ft] to 550.03 [ft] 0° Dip Count -Absolute (Count) 200 1 Depth: 1.80 [ft] to 550.36 [ft] 250 0° 012 AV 300 2224 Counts: 114.00 Mean (3D): 14.87 350 180' Min: 0.00 Components: Azimuth Max: 87.68 Counts: 114.00 Mean (3D): 159.54 400 Min: 2.65 Max: 359.50 450 500 Page 1 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:500ft 0 901 Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) 100 125 Azimuth -Absolute (Count) Depth: 2.13 [ft] to 373.49 [ft] Oo Well ell I WD: Dip Count -Absolute (Count) 150 Depth: 1.80 [ft] to 374.15 [ft] 175 0° 5 qj C2428 200 i ( !4145 Counts: 194.00 Mean (3D): 18.04 225 180° Min: 4.24 Components: Azimuth Max: 87.69 Counts: 194.00 Mean (3D): 177.71 250 Min: 0.38 Max: 358.26 275 300 325 350 Page 1 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:500ft 0 901 Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) 25 50 Azimuth -Absolute (Count) 75 Depth: 2.13 [ft] to 252.10 [ft] 0° 1C Dip Count -Absolute (Count) Depth: 1.80 [ft] to 254.72 [ft] 100 0o 10 125 - 025 Well ID: 1.50 50 Counts: 79.00 AS-20 Mean (3D): 12.21 180, Min: 2.20 Components: Azimuth Max: 89.06 175 Counts: 79.00 Mean (3D): 199.72 Min: 31.87 Max: 359.81 200 225 250 Page 1 Depth Fractures Rose Diagram - Dip Direction Rose Diagram - Dip 1ft:1000ft 0 901 Azimuth - Absolute (Count) Dip Count - Absolute (Count) 50 100 Azimuth -Absolute (Count) Depth: 23.62 [ft] to 467.85 [ft] 150 0° Well ID:MW18BRL 16 Dip Count -Absolute (Count) 1 Depth: 23.95 [ft] to 468.18 [ft] 200 I" Oc 3 Az16 6 250 2530 Counts: 160.00 300 _ Mean (3D): 22.20 180' Min: 2.31 Components: Azimuth Max: 89.78 Counts: 160.00 350 Mean (3D): 144.97 Min: 0.63 Max: 357.31 400 450 Page 1 APPENDIX 3 Depth Caliper Fractures HPF - Pumping 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.4 0 90 0 gpm 0.7 Caliper - max from ATV HPF - Ambient 5.8 in 6.8 -0.2 gpm 0.2 10.0 20.0 30 . 0 Major open fracture 48Minor open fracture Closed fracture Well ID:AS-9 40.0 50 . 0 Bottom of casing 60.0 70.0 7T 80.0 90.0 77 00. 10. 20.0- 30. 40. Page 1 Depth Caliper Fractures HPF - Pumping 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.4 0 90 0 gpm 0.7 Caliper - max from ATV HPF - Ambient 5.8 in 6.8 -0.2 gpm 0.2 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 200. 210.0 220. 230. 240. 250. 260.0- — 270. 280. Page 2 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 gpm 0.02 Caliper 6 in 6.4 10.0 20.0 Major open fracture * Minor open fracture Well ID:AS-11 lip Closed fracture 30.0 Interpreted Bottom of Casing —40.0- T 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 Groundwater Level 00. 10. 2 0 . (� 30. 40. Page 1 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 9pm 0.02 Caliper 6 in 6.4 50. 60. 70. 80. O-A 90. 200. 210.0 220. 230. 240. 250. 260.0- — 270. 280. Page 2 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 9pm 0.02 Caliper 6 in 6.4 00. 10. 20. 30. 40.' 50. 7N 60. 70. 80. 90. 00. 10. 20. 30. Page 3 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 9pm 0.02 Caliper 6 in 6.4 40. 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 00. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. Page 4 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 9pm 0.02 Caliper 6 in 6.4 80. 90. 00. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50.0 60. 70. 80. 90. 700. 710. Page 5 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.9 0 90 -0.01 9pm 0.02 Caliper F 6 in 6.4 730. 740. 750. 760. 770. 780. 790. 00. Page 6 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.05 9pm 0.02 Caliper i 5.8 in 6.3 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 • Major open fracture — Minor open fracture Well ID:AS-13 • Closed f ractu re Interpreted Bottom of Casing 80.0 90.0 00. 10. Groundwater Level -120.0--it 30. 40. Page 1 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.05 gpm 0.02 Caliper l 5.8 in 6.3 -150 -160 - 70 -180 -190 200 210.0 220 230 240 250 -260 270 280 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.05 9pm 0.02 Caliper l 5.8 in 6.3 00. 10. 20. 30. 40.' 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 00. 10. dh 20. 30. +44 Page 3 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.05 9pm 0.02 Caliper l 5.8 in 6.3 lip -440.0- 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 00. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. Page 4 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.03 gpm 0.03 Caliper HPF - Pumping 5.8 in 6.4 0 gpm 0.7 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70 . 0j 80.0 90.0 Major open fracture �— Minor open fracture Well ID:AS-14 Closed fracture Interpreted Bottom of Casing Groundwater Level LI 00. 10. 20.J 30. 40. I Page 1 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.03 gpm 0.03 Caliper HPF - Pumping 5.8 in 6.4 0 gpm 0.7 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 200. OY- \ -2 220. 230. 240. 250. 260. 270. 280. Page 2 Depth Caliper - max from ATV Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.8 in 6.8 0 90 -0.03 gpm 0.03 Caliper HPF - Pumping J 5.8 in 6.4 0 gpm 0.7 00. 10. 20. 30. 40.' Page 3 Depth Caliper Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.3 0 90 -0.04 gpm 0.04 Caliper - max from ATV HPF - Pumping 5.8 in 6.8 0.2 0.7 40.0 50.0 60.0 WellID:AS-20 Major open fracture 4&— Minoropen fracture Closed fracture 70 . 0 Interpreted Bottom of Casing Groundwater Level 80.0 90.0 00. 10. 20. f#711 30. 40. 50. O-tL- -160. 70. Page 1 Depth Caliper Fractures HPF - Ambient 1ft:200ft 5.9 in 6.3 0 90 -0.04 gpm 0.04 Caliper - max from ATV HPF - Pumping 5.8 in 6.8 0.2 0.7 -41 80. 90. 200. 210. 220.0 Page 2 Depth Caliper - ave from ATV Fractures HPF - ambient 1ft:200ft 3.9 in 4.3 0 90 0 gpm 0.008 Caliper HPF - Pumping 3.7 in 4.1 0 gpm 0.1 20.0 30.0 WELL ID: MW18BRL Major open fracture Minor open fracture Closed fracture 40.0 Bottom of Casing 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 00. 10. 20. 30. 40. 0 _1SO.O__ Page 1 Depth Caliper - ave from ATV Fractures HPF - ambient 1ft:200ft 3.9 in 4.3 0 90 0 gpm 0.008 Caliper HPF - Pumping 3.7 in 4.1 0 gpm 0.1 60. 70. 80. a-] 90. 200. 210. 220. 230. 240. 250. 260. 270. 280. n/r 290. I I Page 2 Depth Caliper - ave from ATV Fractures HPF - ambient 1ft:200ft 3.9 in 4.3 0 90 0 gpm 0.008 Caliper HPF - Pumping 3.7 in 4.1 0 gpm 0.1 IM -300.0-- it 10. 20.0 — 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 00. 10. 7 7 20. 0-1 V7- 30. 0— Page 3 Depth Caliper - ave from ATV Fractures HPF - ambient 1ft:200ft 3.9 in 4.3 0 90 0 gpm 0.008 Caliper HPF - Pumping 3.7 in 4.1 0 gpm 0.1 50. Page 4