20210183 Ver 4_03a Laurelbrook IP Appendix E Part 1 SAW-2020-00886_20241108

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Appendix E — Off -site Alternatives
Off -Site Alternative Location Map..................................................................E133
3259 NC 150 Resource Maps.......................................................................E134
3529 NC 150 Biological, Cultural and Historical Resources .................................
E152
Amity Hill Road Resource Maps....................................................................E169
Amity Hill Road Biological Cultural and Historical Resources...............................E187
Beth Haven Church Road Resource Maps.......................................................E204
Beth Haven Church Biological, Cultural and Historical Resources ........................
E222
Highway 21 Resource Maps........................................................................
E241
Highway 21 Biological, Cultural and Historical Resources...................................E259
Transco Road Resource Maps.....................................................................
E276
Transco Road Biological, Cultural and Historical Resources................................E293
ATLAS Environmental, Inc.
338 S. Sharon Amity Road #411 Charlotte, North Carolina 28211 1 704-512-1206 (o) / 828-712-9205 (m)
www.atlasenvi.com I Offices in Asheville and Charlotte 132

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IPaC
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
IPaC resource list
This report is an automatically generated list of species and other resources such as critical habitat (collectively
referred to as trust resources) under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) jurisdiction that are known or
expected to be on or near the project area referenced below. The list may also include trust resources that
occur outside of the project area, but that could potentially be directly or indirectly affected by activities in the
project area. However, determining the likelihood and extent of effects a project may have on trust resources
typically requires gathering additional site -specific (e.g., vegetation/species surveys) and project -specific (e.g.,
magnitude and timing of proposed activities) information.
Below is a summary of the project information you provided and contact information for the USFWS office(s)
with jurisdiction in the defined project area. Please read the introduction to each section that follows
(Endangered Species, Migratory Birds, USFWS Facilities, and NWl Wetlands) for additional information
applicable to the trust resources addressed in that section. RL L 1
4
Location
Lincoln County, North Carolina
Local office
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
%. [phone]
1B [phone]
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, INC 28801-1082

Endangered species
This resource list is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an analysis of project level
impacts.
The primary information used to generate this list is the known or expected range of each species. Additional
areas of influence (AOI) for species are also considered. An AOI includes areas outside of the species range if
the species could be indirectly affected by activities in that area (e.g., placing a dam upstream of a fish
population even if that fish does not occur at the dam site, may indirectly impact the species by reducing or
eliminating water flow downstream). Because species can move, and site conditions can change, the species
on this list are not guaranteed to be found on or near the project area. To fully determine any potential effects
to species, additional site -specific and project -specific information is often required.
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act requires Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary information
whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of such proposed
action" for any project that is conducted, permitted, funded, or licensed by any Federal agency. A letter from
the local office and a species list which fulfills this requirement can only be obtained by requesting an official
species list from either the Regulatory Review section in IPaC (see directions below) or from the local field
office directly.
For project evaluations that require USFWS concurrence/review, please return to the IPaC website and request
an official species list by doing the following: 1%00
1. Draw the project location and click CONTINUE.
2. Click DEFINE PROJECT.
3. Log in (if directed to d❑ so). 0\
4. Provide a name and description for your project.
5, Click REQUEST SPECIES LIST.
Listed species-1 and their critical habitats are managed by the Ecological Services Program of the U.5. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the fisheries division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA Fisheries?).
Species and critical habitats under the sole responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are not shown ❑n this list. Piease
contact NOAA Fisheries for species under their 0urisdiction.
1. Species listed under the Endangered Species Act are threatened or endangered; IPaC also shows species
that are candidates, or proposed, for listing. See the listing status page for more information. IPaC only
shows species that are regulated by USFWS (see FAQ).
2. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of Commerce.
The following species are potentially affected by activities in this location:
Mammals
NAME STATUS
Tricolored Bat Perimyotis subflavus Proposed Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos-beta.fws.gov/ecp/species/10515

Insects
NAME
Monarch Butterfly Danaus pleAppus
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos-beta.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
Flowering Plants
NAME
Dwarf -flowered Heartleaf Hexastylis naniflora
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
-U sWecos-beta.fws.g vo /ec Lsspecies/2458
Michaux's Sumac Rhus michauxii
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
1ittps:1/ecos-beta.fws.goy/ecp.Lspecies/5217
Critical habitats
STATUS
Candidate
STATUS
Threatened
Endangered
O<\
Potential effects to critical habitat(s) in this location must be analyzed along with the endangered species
themselves.
There are no critical habitats at this location.
You are still required to determine if your project(s) may have effects on all above listed
species.
Bald & Golden Eagles
Bald and Golden Eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act z and the Migratory Bird
Treaty Act (MBTA) .1. Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
Bald or Golden Eagles, or their nests, should follow appropriate regulations and implement required
avoidance and minimization measures, as described in the various links on this page.
The data in this location indicates that no eagles have been observed in this area. This does not mean eagles
are not present in your project area, especially if the area is difficult to survey. Please review the 'Steps to Take
When No Results Are Returned' section of the Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles
document to determine if your project is in a poorly surveyed area. If it is, you may need to rely on other
resources to determine if eagles may be present (e.g. your local FWS field office, state surveys, your own
su rveys).
Additional information can be found using the following links:

• Eagle Management https://www.fws.ggv//program/eagle-management
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding=
and -minimizing -incidental -take -migratory -birds
• Nationwide avoidance and minimization measures for birds
https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-measures.pdf
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-golden-eagles-may_
occur -project -action
Bald & Golden Eagles FAQs
What does IPaC use to generate the potential presence of bald and golden eagles in my specified location?
The potential for eagle presence is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN). The AKIN data is based
on a growing collection of survey,, banding, and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds
reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special
attention because they are an eagle (Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act requirements may apply).
Proper interpretation and use of your eagle report
On the graphs provided, please look carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical line) and for the existence of
the "no data" indicator (a red horizontal line). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey effort is high, then the
provability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort line or no data line (red
Horizontal) means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is
simply a starting point for identifying what birds have the potential to be in your project area, when they might be there, and if
they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list and associated information help you know what to look
for to confirm presence and helps guide you in knowing when to implement avoidance and minimization measures to
eliminate or reduce potential impacts from your project activities or get the appropriate permits should presence be
confirmed.
How do I know if eagles are breeding, wintering, or migrating in my area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (Le, breeding, wintering, migrating, or resident), you
may query your location using the RAIL Tool and view the range maps provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the
profiles provided for each bird in your results. If an eagle on your IPaC migratory bird species list has a breeding season
associated with it (indicated by yellow vertical bars on the phenology graph in your "IPaC PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY" at the top of your results list), there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
Interpreting the Probability of Presence Graphs
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your project overlaps during a
particular week of the year. A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort can be used to
establish a level of confidence in the presence score.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where the species was
detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events
and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is calculated. This is the
probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability
of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum
of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so that all possible values
fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score.
Breeding Season ()
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire range. If there are no
yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area.

Survey Effort ()
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed for that species in
the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps.
No Data ()
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The exception to this
is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently
much more sparse.
Migratory birds
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (META) l prohibits the take (including killing, capturing, selling, trading, and
transport) of protected migratory bird species without prior authorization by the Department of Interior U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service (Service). The incidental take of migratory birds is the injury or death of birds that
results from, but is not the purpose, of an activity. The Service interprets the MBTA to prohibit incidental take.
(FWS). The incidental take of migratory birds is the injury or death of birds that results from, but is not the
purpose, of an activity. The FWS interprets the MBTA to prohibit incidental take.
1. The Mi rato Birds Treat Act of 1918.
g r v
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
4
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Management btps://www,fws,g!2v/Mgram/eagle-manag m n
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding_
and-minimizing-incidental-ta ke-migratory-birds
■ Nationwide avoidance and minimization measures for birds
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https:llwww.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-bi rds-and-bald-and-golden-eagles�mav-
occur -project -action
Measures for Proactively Minimizing Migratory Bird Impacts
Your IPaC Migratory Bird list showcases birds of concern, including Birds of Conservation Concern [BCC), in
your project location. This is not a comprehensive list of all birds found in your project area. However, you can
help proactively minimize significant impacts to all birds at your project location by implementing the
measures in the'Nationwide Avoidance & Minimization Measures for Birds` document, and any other project -
specific avoidance and minimization measures suggested at the link'Measures for avoiding and minimizing
impacts to birds' for the birds of concern on your list below.
Ensure Your Migratory Bird List is Accurate and Complete
If your project area is in a poorly surveyed area, your list may not be complete and you may need to rely on
other resources to determine what species may be present (e.g. your local FWS field office, state surveys, your
own surveys). Please review the Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles document, to help
you properly interpret the report for your specified location, including determining if there is sufficient data to
ensure your list is accurate.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures to reduce
impacts to migratory birds on your list, see the "Probability of Presence Summary" below to see when these
birds are most likely to be present and breeding in your project area.

Review the FAQs
The FAQs below provide important additional information and resources.
NAME
Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Wood Thrush Hylodchla mustelina
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
BREEDING SEASON
Breeds Mar 15 to Aug 25
Breeds May 10 to Sep 10
Breeds May 10 to Aug 31
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be present in
your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project activities to avoid or
minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read "Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and
Eagles", specifically the FAQ section titled "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report"
before using or attempting to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence ( )
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid ceII(s) your project
overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week months.) A taller bar
indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see below) can be used to establish a level
of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher confidence in the presence score if the
corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where
the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in
week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of
presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
2, To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is
calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all
weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and
that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative
probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so
that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire
range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area.
Survey Effort ()

Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed
for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of surveys is expressed as a
range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data( )
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The
exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data,
since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
'ECIES JAN I ER MAR APR MAY JUN. JUL
Chimney Swift+� � --I
BCC Rangewide �
(CON)
Red-headed — - _ Im
Woodpecker
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Wood Thrush }{ -- --
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Migratory Bird FAQs
Tell me more about avoidance and minimization measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds.
- IN 011119
Nationwide Avoidance & Minimization Measures for Birds describes measures that can help avoid and minimize impacts to all
birds at any location year-round. When birds may be breeding in the area, identifying the locations of any active nests and
avoiding their destruction is one of the most effective ways to minimize impacts. To see when birds are most likely to occur and
breed in your project area, view the Probability of Presence Summary. Additional measures or permits may be advisable
depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the list of migratory birds that potentially occur in my specified location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) and other species that may warrant
special attention in your project location, such as those listed under the Endangered Species Act or the Bald and Golden Eagg
Protection Act and those species marked as "Vulnerable". See the FAQ "What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?" for
more information on the levels of concern covered in the IPaC migratory bird species list.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN).. The
AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return
a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) with which your project intersects. These species have been
identified as warranting special attention because they are BCC species in that area, an eagle (Bald and Golden Eagle Protection
Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area. It is not
representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially present in your project area,
and to verify survey effort when no results present, please visit the Rapid Avian Information Locator (RAIL) Tool.
Why are subspecies showing up on my list?

Subspecies profiles are included on the list of species present in your project area because observations in the AKN for the
species are being detected. If the species are present, that means that the subspecies may also be present. If a subspecies
shows up on your list, you may need to rely on other resources to determine if that subspecies may be present (e.g. your local
FWS field office, state surveys, your own surveys).
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds potentially occurring in my
specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data provided by the Avian Knowledge
Network (AKN); This data is derived from a growing collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets.
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information becomes available. To learn more
about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and how to interpret them, go to the Probability of Presence
Summary and then click on the "Tell me about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering, or migrating in my area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding, wintering, migrating, or resident), you
may query your location using the RAIL Tool and view the range maps provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the
profiles provided for each bird in your results. If a bird on your IPaC migratory bird species list has a breeding season
associated with it (indicated by yellow vertical bars on the phenology graph in your "IPaC PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY" at the top of your results list), there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern.`
1. "BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC} that are of concern throughout their range anywhere
within the USA (including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands);
2. "BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation Regions (SCRs) in the continental USA;
and
3. "Non -BCC - Vulnerable" birds are not BCC specs in you ect area, but appear on your list either because of the Bald
and Golden Eagle Protection Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non -eagles) potential susceptibilities in offshore areas
from certain types of development or activities (e.g, offshore energy development or longline fishing).
% k
Although it is important to avoid and minirriize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made, in particular, to avoid and minimize
impacts to the birds on this list, especially BCC species. For more information on avoidance and minimization measures you
can implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird impacts, please see the FAQ "Tell me more about avoidance and
minimization measures I can implement to avoid or minimize imparts to migratory birds".
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species and groups of bird species
within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the Northeast Ocean Data Portal. The Portal also offers data and
information about other taxa besides birds that may be helpful to you in your project review. Alternately, you may download
the bird model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical Modeling and Predictive
Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Proper interpretation and use of your migratory bird report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of birds of priority concern. To learn
more about how your list is generated and see options for identifying what other birds may be in your project area, please see
the FAQ "What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be aware
this report provides the "probability of presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that overlap your project; not your exact
project footprint. On the graphs provided, please look carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical line) and for
the existence of the "no data" indicator (a red horizontal line). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey effort is
high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data
bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of certainty about presence of the species. This list does not represent all birds
present in your project area. It is simply a starting point for identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your

project area, when they might be there, and if they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list and
associated information help you know what to look for to confirm presence and helps guide implementation of avoidance and
minimization measures to eliminate or reduce potential impacts from your project activities, should presence be confirmed. To
learn more about avoidance and minimization measures, visit the FAQ "Tell me about avoidance and minimization measures I
can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds".
Interpreting the Probability of Presence Graphs
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your project overlaps during a
particular week of the year. A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort can be used to
establish a level of confidence in the presence score.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where the species was
detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events
and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is calculated. This is the
probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability
of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum
of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on week 12 is 0.2510.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0A510.25 = 0.2.
The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so that all possible values
fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. ThIs is the probability of presence score.
Breeding Season ()
Yellow bars denote a veryliberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire range. If there are no
g
yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area. Orr -
Survey Effort ()
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed for that species in
the 10 km grid cells) your project area overlaps.
No Data ()
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The exception to this
is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently
much more sparse.
Facilities
National Wildlife Refuge lands
Any activity proposed on lands managed by the National Wildlife Refuge system must undergo a 'Compatibility
Determination' conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the individual Refuges to discuss any questions or
concerns.
There are no refuge lands at this location.

Fish hatcheries
There are no fish hatcheries at this location.
Wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI)
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section 404 of the
Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to update our NWl
data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine the actual extent of wetlands on
site.
This location overlaps the following wetlands:
FRESHWATER FORESTED/SHRUB WETLAND
PF01A
PSS 1 A
RIVERINE
R4SBC
-..- V16N, �
A full description for each wetland code can be found at the National Wetlands Inventory website
NOTE: This initial screening does not replace an on -site delineation to determine whether wetlands occur.
Additional information on the NWI data is provided below.
Data limitations
i,
The Service's objective of ma0ping wetlands and deepwater habitats is to produce reconnaissance level information on the
location, type and size of these resources. The maps are prepared from the analysis of high altitude imagery, wetlands are
identifled based on vegetation, visible hydrology and geography. A margin of error is inherent in the use of imagery; thus,
detailed on -the -ground inspection of any particular site may result in revision of the wetland boundaries or classification
established through image analysis.
The accuracy of image interpretation depends on the quality of the imagery, the experience of the image analysts, the amount
and quality of the collateral data and the amount of ground truth verification work conducted. Metadata should be consulted
to determine the date of the source imagery used and any mapping problems.
Wetlands or other mapped features may have changed since the date of the imagery or field work. There may be occasional
differences in polygon boundaries or classifications between the information depicted on the map and the actual conditions on
site.
Data exclusions
Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the
primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are
found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and nearshore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral
or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected
by aerial imagery.

Data precautions
Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over wetlands may define and describe wetlands in a different
manner than that used in this inventory. There is no attempt, in either the design or products of this inventory, to define the
limits of proprietary jurisdiction of any Federal, state, or local government or to establish the geographical scope of the
regulatory programs of government agencies. Persons intending to engage in activities involving modifications within or
adjacent to wetland areas should seek the advice of appropriate Federal, state, or local agencies concerning specified agency
regulatory programs and proprietary jurisdictions that may affect such activities.
\S,V*O01
0
�o�

Roy Cooper, Governor
■ ■■■
■■ ■ NC DEPARTMENT OF
to■>.i,■■ NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
■ ■■■
September 19, 2024
Jennifer Robertson
Atlas Environmental, Inc.
338 S. Sharon Amity Road
Charlotte, NC 28211
RE: 3529 NC 150 for Laurelbrook; 20240919
Dear Jennifer Robertson:
D. Reid Wilson, Secretary
Misty Buchanan
Deputy Director, Natural heritage Program
NCNHDE-27572
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
A query of the NCNHP database indicates that there are records for rare species, important natural
communities, natural areas, and/or conservation/managed areas within the proposed project
boundary. These results are presented in the attached `Documented Occurrences' tables and map.
The attached `Potential Occurrences' table summarizes rare species and natural communities that
have been documented within a one -mile radius of the property boundary. The proximity of these
records suggests that these natural heritage elements may potentially be present in the project area
if suitable habitat exists. Tables of natural areas and conservation/managed areas within a one -mile
radius of the project area, if any, are also included in this report.
If a Federally -listed species is documented within the project area or indicated within a one -mile
radius of the project area, the NCNHP recommends contacting the US Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS) for guidance. Contact information for USFWS offices in North Carolina is found here:
httr)s://www.fws.gov/offices/Directory/ListOffices.cfm?statecode=37.
Please note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may not be redistributed without permission.
Also please note that the NC Natural Heritage Program may follow this letter with additional
correspondence if a Dedicated Nature Preserve, Registered Heritage Area, Land and Water Fund
easement, or an occurrence of a Federally -listed species is documented near the project area.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact the NCNHP at natural.heritage�dncr.nc.gov.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
DEFAR7MEN7 OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
121 W. J6NG5 STREET_ R ALEiGN_ NC 27603 15a1 MAIL S1"RVICE C£M1i'�ER, PALl=1C f C 2Tb9r3
OFC 919107.9120 • a-AX 919.707.S121

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IPaC
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
IPaC resource list
This report is an automatically generated list of species and other resources such as critical habitat (collectively
referred to as trust resources) under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) jurisdiction that are known or
expected to be on or near the project area referenced below. The list may also include trust resources that
occur outside of the project area, but that could potentially be directly or indirectly affected by activities in the
project area. However, determining the likelihood and extent of effects a project may have on trust resources
typically requires gathering additional site -specific (e.g., vegetation/species surveys) and project -specific (e.g.,
magnitude and timing of proposed activities) information.
Below is a summary of the project information you provided and contact information for the USFWS office(s)
with jurisdiction in the defined project area. Please read the introduction to each section that follows
(Endangered Species, Migratory Birds, USFWS Facilities, and NWl Wetlands) for additional information
applicable to the trust resources addressed in that section,
Location
Iredell County, North Carolina
40
■
Loca! office
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
%. [phone]
1B [phone]
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082

Endangered species
This resource list is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an analysis of project level
impacts.
The primary information used to generate this list is the known or expected range of each species. Additional
areas of influence (AOI) for species are also considered. An AOI includes areas outside of the species range if
the species could be indirectly affected by activities in that area (e.g., placing a dam upstream of a fish
population even if that fish does not occur at the dam site, may indirectly impact the species by reducing or
eliminating water flow downstream). Because species can move, and site conditions can change, the species
on this list are not guaranteed to be found on or near the project area. To fully determine any potential effects
to species, additional site -specific and project -specific information is often required.
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act requires Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary information
whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of such proposed
action" for any project that is conducted, permitted, funded, or licensed by any Federal agency. A letter from
the local office and a species list which fulfills this requirement can only be obtained by requesting an official
species list from either the Regulatory Review section in IPaC (see directions below) or from the local field
office directly.
For project evaluations that require USFWS concurrence/review, please return to the IPaC website and request
an official species list by doing the following: 11111111soo
1. Draw the project location and click CONTINUE.
2. Click DEFINE PROJECT.
3. Log in (if directed to d❑ so). 0\
4. Provide a name and description for your project.
5, Click REQUEST SPECIES LIST.
Listed species-1 and their critical habitats are managed by the Ecological Services Program of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the fisheries division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA Fisheries?).
Species and critical habitats under the sole responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are not shown on this list. Please
contact NOAA Fisheries for species under theirjurisdiction.
1. Species listed under the Endangered Species Act are threatened or endangered; IPaC also shows species
that are candidates, or proposed, for listing. See the listing status page for more information. IPaC only
shows species that are regulated by USFWS (see FAQ).
2. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of Commerce.
The following species are potentially affected by activities in this location:
Reptiles
NAME
STATUS
Bog Turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii SAT
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos-beta.fws.gov/ecp/species/6962

Insects
NAME
Monarch Butterfly Danaus pleAppus
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos-beta.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
Flowering Plants
NAME
Dwarf -flowered Heartleaf Hexastylis naniflora
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
-U sWecos-beta.fws.g vo /ec Lsspecies/2458
Schweinitz's Sunflower Helianthus schweinitzii
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
fitps:1/ecos-beta.fws.gov/ecp.Lspecies/3849
Critical habitats
STATUS
Candidate
STATUS
Threatened
Endangered
O<\
Potential effects to critical habitat(s) in this location must be analyzed along with the endangered species
themselves.
There are no critical habitats at this location.
You are still required to determine if your project(s) may have effects on all above listed
species.
Bald & Golden Eagles
Bald and Golden Eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act z and the Migratory Bird
Treaty Act (MBTA) .1. Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
Bald or Golden Eagles, or their habitats, should follow appropriate regulations and consider implementing
appropriate avoidance and minimization measures, as described in the various links on this page.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Management https://www.fws.ggv//program/eagle-management
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding=
and -minimizing -incidental -take -migratory -birds
• Nationwide avoidance and minimization measures for birds
https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-measures.pdf

• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-golden-eagles-may_
occur -project -action
There are Bald Eagles and/or Golden Eagles in your project area.
Measures for Proactively Minimizing Eagle Impacts
For information on how to best avoid and minimize disturbance to nesting bald eagles, please review the
National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines. You may employ the timing and activity -specific distance
recommendations in this document when designing your project/activity to avoid and minimize eagle impacts.
For bald eagle information specific to Alaska, please refer to Bald Eagle Nesting and Sensitivity to Human
Activity.
The FWS does not currently have guidelines for avoiding and minimizing disturbance to nesting Golden Eagles.
For site -specific recommendations regarding nesting Golden Eagles, please consult with the appropriate
Regional Migratory. Bird Office or Ecological Services Field Office.
If disturbance or take of eagles cannot be avoided, an incidental take permit may be available to authorize any
take that results from, but is not the purpose of, an otherwise lawful activity. For assistance making this
determination for Bald Eagles, visit the Do I Need A Permit Tool. For assistance making this determination for
golden eagles, please consult with the appropriate Regional Migratory Bird Office or Ecological Services Field
Office.
Ensure Your Eagle List is Accurate and Complete
If your project area is in a poorly surveyed area in IPaC, your list may not be complete and you may need to
rely on other resources to determine what species may be present (e.g. your local FWS field office, state
surveys, your own surveys). Please review the Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and Eagles, to
help you properly interpret the report for your specified location, including determining if there is sufficient
data to ensure your list is accurate.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures to reduce
impacts to bald or golden eagles on your list, see the "Probability of Presence Summary" below to see when
these bald or golden eagles are mast likely to be present and breeding in your project area.
Review the FAQs
The FAQs below provide important additional information and resources.
NAME
BREEDING SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to jul 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern {BCC] in this area, but warrants
attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential susceptibilities in offshore
areas from certain types of development or activities.
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be present in
your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project activities to avoid or
minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read "Supplemental Information on Migratory Birds and
Eagles", specifically the FAQ section titled "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report"
before using or attempting to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence( )

Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your project
overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week months.) A taller bar
indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see below) can be used to establish a level
of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher confidence in the presence score if the
corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where
the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in
week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of
presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is
calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all
weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and
that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relativA
�
probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2. �
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so
that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score..
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the nb
Breeding Season(
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire
range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area.
Survey Effort (1)
— t%%*..0
Vertical black lines superimposed an probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed
for that species in the 10 km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of surveys is expressed as a
range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply haver your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were In survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys fro only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information, The
exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data,
since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Eagle `i�� Jill ���� �++1 ++++ +--+ — — — — — — — — Jill Ilk_ Jill Jill
Non -BCC Vulnerable `Mmm mmmm NONE NONE
Bald & Golden Eagles FAQs
What does IPaC use to generate the potential presence of bald and golden eagles in my specified location?
The potential for eagle presence is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN),. The AKN data is based
on a growing collection of survey., banding, and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds
reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special
attention because they are an eagle (Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act requirements may apply).
Proper interpretation and use of your eagle report

On the graphs provided, please look carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical line) and for the existence of
the "no data" indicator (a red horizontal line). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey effort is high, then the
probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort line or no data line (red
horizontal) means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is
simply a starting point for identifying what birds have the potential to be in your project area, when they might be there, and if
they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list and associated information help you know what to look
for to confirm presence and helps guide you in knowing when to implement avoidance and minimization measures to
eliminate or reduce potential impacts from your project activities or get the appropriate permits should presence be
confirmed.
How do I know if eagles are breeding, wintering, or migrating in my area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding, wintering, migrating, or resident), you
may query your location using the RAIL Tool and view the range maps provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the
profiles provided for each bird in your results. If an eagle on your IPaC migratory bird species list has a breeding season
associated with it (indicated by yellow vertical bars on the phenology graph in your "IPaC PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY" at the top of your results list), there may be nests present at same point within the tmeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
Interpreting the Probability of Presence Graphs 10-N
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your project overlaps during a
particular week of the year. A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort can be used to
establish a level of confidence in the presence score.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps.
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where the species was
detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events
and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is calculated. This is the
probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability
of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0,05, and that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum
of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.0510.25 = 0.2.
The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so that all possible values
fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score.
Breeding Season 0 { �,
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire range. If there are no
yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed In your project area.
Survey Effort ()
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed for that species in
the 10km grid cells) your project area overlaps.
No Data ()
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The exception to this
is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently
much more sparse.
Migratory birds
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) 1 prohibits the take (including killing, capturing, selling, trading, and
transport) of protected migratory bird species without prior authorization by the Department of Interior U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service (Service). The incidental take of migratory birds is the injury or death of birds that

results from, but is not the purpose, of an activity. The Service interprets the MBTA to prohibit incidental take.
(FWS). The incidental take of migratory birds is the injury or death of birds that results from, but is not the
purpose, of an activity. The FWS interprets the MBTA to prohibit incidental take.
1. The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Management https://www.fws.gQv//program/eagle-management
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoiding-
and-minimizing-incidental-take-migratory-birds
• Nationwide avoidance and minimization measures for birds
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https:llwwvv.fvvs.gov/media/supplementa I-information-migratory-bi rds-and-ba Id -a nd-golden-eagles-may_
occur-prject-action
Measures for Proactively Minimizing Migratory Bird Impacts - '�
Your IPaC Migratory Bird list showcases birds of concern, including Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC), in
your project location. This is not a comprehensive list of all birds found in your project area. However, you can
help proactively minimize significant impacts to all birds at your project location by implementing the
measures in the'Nationwide Avoidance & Minimization Measures for Birds' document, and any other project -
specific avoidance and minimization measures suggested at the link 'Measures for avoiding and minimizing
impacts to birds' for the birds of concern on your list below.
Ensure Your Migratory Bird List is Accurate and Complete r
If your project area is in a poorly surveyed area, your list may not be complete and you may need to rely on
other resources to determine what species may be present (e.g, your local FWS field office, state surveys, your
own surveys). Please review the Supplemental Information an Migratory Birds and Eagles document, to help
you properly interpret the report for your specified location, including determining if there is sufficient data to
ensure your list is accurate.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures to reduce
impacts to migratory birds on your list, see the ''Probability of Presence Summary'' below to see when these
birds are most likely to be present and breeding in your project area.
Review the FAQs
The FAQs below provide important additional information and resources
(U'\ML
BREEDING SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to Jul 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area, but warrants
attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential susceptibilities in offshore
areas from certain types of development or activities.
Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica Breeds Mar 15 to Aug 25
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Eastern Whip -poor -will Antrostomus vociferus Breeds May 1 to Aug 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.

Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular Bird
Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Probability of Presence Summary
Breeds May 10 to Sep 10
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds May 10 to Aug 31
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be present i
your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project activities to avoid or
minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read 5- pplemental Information on Migratory Birds and
Eagles", specifically the FAQ section titled "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report"
before using or attempting to interpret this report. � �
Probability of Presence( )
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid ceII(s) your project
overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week months.) A taIfer bar
indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see below) can be used to establish a level
of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher confidence in the presence score if the
corresponding survey effort is also high. _4
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where
the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in
week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of
presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25,
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence is
calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all
weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and
that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative
probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so
that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire
range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area.
Survey Effort (1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed
for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of surveys is expressed as a
range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.

No Data( )
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The
exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data,
since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES ]AN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Non -BCC i Vulnerable �1�11 III �� I IIII I II 1111 - --- Jill 1111 1160 dil
Chimney Swift —+� III ' III, logo —111 11-- +---
8CC Rangewide —�-- — ----
(C0N)
Eastern Whip -poor + —+++ -> 1++--
will
BCC Rangewide
[CON]
Red-headed
Woodpecker
BCC Rangewide
[CON]
Rusty Blackbird
.. _ +4...1..1—
SCC -BCR
Wood Thrush
BCC Rangewide—
(CON)
Migratory Bird FAQs _ 0
Tell me more about avoidance and minimization measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds.
Nationwide Avoidance & Minimization Measures for Birds describes measures that can help avoid and minimize impacts to all
birds at any location year-round. When birds may be breeding in the area, identifying the locations of any active nests and
avoiding their destruction Is one of the most effective ways to minimize impacts. To see when birds are most likely to occur and
breed in your project area, view the Probability of Presence Summary. Additional measures or permits may be advisable
depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the list of migratory birds that potentially occur in my specified location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC), and other species that may warrant
special attention in your project location, such as those listed under the Endangered Species Act or the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Act and those species marked as "Vulnerable". See the FAQ "What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?" for
more information on the levels of concern covered in the IPaC migratory bird species list.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN).. The
AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return
a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) with which your project intersects. These species have been
identified as warranting special attention because they are BCC species in that area, an eagle (Bald and Golden Eagle Protection
Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area. It is not
representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially present in your project area,
and to verify survey effort when no results present, please visit the Rapid Avian Information Locator (RAIL) Tool.

Why are subspecies showing up on my list?
Subspecies profiles are included on the list of species present in your project area because observations in the AKIN for the
species are being detected. If the species are present, that means that the subspecies may also be present. If a subspecies
shows up on your list, you may need to rely on other resources to determine if that subspecies may be present (e.g. your local
FWS field office, state surveys, your own surveys).
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds potentially occurring in my
specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data provided by the Avian Knowledge
Network (AKN); This data is derived from a growing collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets.
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information becomes available. To learn more
about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and how to interpret them, go to the Probability of Presence
Summary and then dick on the "Tell me about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering, or migrating in my area?
�t
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding, wintering, migrating, or resident} you
may query your location using the RAIL Tool and view the range maps provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the
profiles provided for each bird in your results. If a bird on your IPaC migratory bird species list has a breeding season
associated with it (indicated by yellow vertical bars on the phonology graph in your "IPaC PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY" at the top of your results list), there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area. `�.
r
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds? 4
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
"BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC} that are of concern throughout their range anywhere
within the USA (including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands);
"BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA;
and
3. "Non -BCC - Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on your list either because of the B,-k
and Golden Eagle Protection Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non -eagles) potential susceptibilities in offshore areas
from certain types of development or activities (e.g. offshore energy development or longline fishing).
Although it is important to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made, in particular, to avoid and minimize
impacts to the birds on this list, especially BCC species. For more information on avoidance and minimization measures you
can implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird impacts, please see the FAQ'Tell me more about avoidance and
minimization measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds".
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species and groups of bird species
within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the Northeast Ocean Data Portal. The Portal also offers data and
information about other taxa besides birds that may be helpful to you in your project review. Alternately, you may download
the bird model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical Modeling and Predictive
Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Proper interpretation and use of your migratory bird report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of birds of priority concern. To learn
more about how your list is generated and see options for identifying what other birds may be in your project area, please see
the FAQ "What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be aware
this report provides the "probability of presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that overlap your project; not your exact
project footprint. On the graphs provided, please look carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical line) and for
the existence of the "no data" indicator (a red horizontal line). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey effort is

high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data
bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of certainty about presence of the species. This list does not represent all birds
present in your project area. It is simply a starting point for identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your
project area, when they might be there, and if they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list and
associated information help you know what to look for to confirm presence and helps guide implementation of avoidance and
minimization measures to eliminate or reduce potential impacts from your project activities, should presence be confirmed. To
learn more about avoidance and minimization measures, visit the FAQ "Tell me about avoidance and minimization measures I
can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds".
Interpreting the Probability of Presence Graphs
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your project overlaps during a
particular week of the year. A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort can be used to
establish a level of confidence in the presence score.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the week where the species was
detected divided by the total number of survey events for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events
and the Spotted Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25..
To properly resent the pattern of presence across the ear, the relative probability of presence is calculated. This is the �"
P P YP P P Y � P tY
probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability
of presence in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12 (0.25) is the maximum
of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical conversion so that all possible values
fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of presence score.
Breeding Season () 0.-1. \ N\000
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across its entire range. If there are no
yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area. .4%.00
Survey Effort {]
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys performed for that species in
the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps.
No Data ()
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe 1(, ,10 N./
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant information. The exception to this
is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently
much more sparse.
,V
Facilities
National Wildlife Refuge lands
Any activity proposed on lands managed by the National Wildlife Refuge system must undergo a 'Compatibility
Determination' conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the individual Refuges to discuss any questions or
concerns.
There are no refuge lands at this location.

Fish hatcheries
There are no fish hatcheries at this location.
Wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI)
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section 404 of the
Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to update our NWi
data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine the actual extent of wetlands on
site.
This location overlaps the following wetlands:
FRESHWATER FORESTED/SHRUB WETLAND
PF01A
PFo1C
RiVERINE
R2UBH
R4SBC
A full description for each wetland code can be found at the National Wetlands Inventory website
NOTE: This initial screening does not replace an on -site delineation to determine whether wetlands occur,
Additional information on the NWI data is provided below.
Data limitations
The Service's objective of mapping wetlands and deepwater habitats is to produce reconnaissance level information on the
location, type and size of these resources. The maps are prepared from the analysis of high altitude imagery. Wetlands are
identified based on vegetation, visible hydrology and geography. A margin of error is inherent in the use of imagery; thus,
detailed on -the -ground inspection of any particular site may result in revision of the wetland boundaries or classification
established through image analysis.
The accuracy of image interpretation depends on the quality of the imagery, the experience of the image analysts, the amount
and quality of the collateral data and the amount of ground truth verification work conducted. Metadata should be consulted
to determine the date of the source imagery used and any mapping problems.
Wetlands or other mapped features may have changed since the date of the imagery or field work. There may be occasional
differences in polygon boundaries or classifications between the information depicted on the map and the actual conditions on
site.
Data exclusions
Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the
primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are
found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and nearshore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral
or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected
by aerial imagery.

Data precautions
Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over wetlands may define and describe wetlands in a different
manner than that used in this inventory. There is no attempt, in either the design or products of this inventory, to define the
limits of proprietary jurisdiction of any Federal, state, or local government or to establish the geographical scope of the
regulatory programs of government agencies. Persons intending to engage in activities involving modifications within or
adjacent to wetland areas should seek the advice of appropriate Federal, state, or local agencies concerning specified agency
regulatory programs and proprietary jurisdictions that may affect such activities.
\S,V*O01
0
�o�

Roy Cooper, Governor
■ ■■■
■■ ■ NC DEPARTMENT OF
E ■
■■i■■ NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
■ ■■■
September 19, 2024
Jennifer Robertson
Atlas Environmental, Inc.
338 S. Sharon Amity Road
Charlotte, NC 28211
RE: Amity Hill Road for Laurelbrook; 20240919
Dear Jennifer Robertson:
D. Reid Wilson, Secretary
Misty Buchanan
Deputy Director, Natural heritage Program
NCNHDE-27571
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
A query of the NCNHP database, based on the project area mapped with your request, indicates
that there are no records for rare species, important natural communities, natural areas, and/or
conservation/managed areas within the proposed project boundary, or within a one -mile radius of
the project boundary.
Please note that although there may be no documentation of natural heritage elements within or
near the project boundary, it does not imply or confirm their absence; the area may not have been
surveyed. The results of this query should not be substituted for field surveys where suitable habitat
exists. In the event that rare species are found within the project area, please contact the NCNHP so
that we may update our records.
Please also note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may also not be redistributed without
permission.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact the NCNHP at natural.heritageCo�dncr.nc.gov.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
0EFAR7MEN7 OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
121 W. JONES STREET_ RALEIGH_ NC 27603 • 1651 MAIL SERVICE CENT£R. RALDGH, NC 27699
OFC 919.707.9120 • FAX [phone]

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