310889_Application - Digester Gen Permit_20241014

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ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CCNSTRUCTCRS
October 14, 2024
Christine Lawson
NCDEQ Division of Water Resources
1601 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1601
Subject: Donna Smith Farm
Facility #AWS310889
State Digester General Permit
Dear Ms. Lawson,
AFO Permit Application
Roeslein & Associates, on behalf of the farm owner, hereby submits the following application to NCDEQ Division of Water
Resources for review of the State Digester General Permit application package for Donna Smith Farm. The subject project is
located in Duplin County, North Carolina. In coordination with this digester permit application, please withdraw the request for
renewal of existing AWS permit associated with this facility.
The digester constructed on this property will meet setback parameters as required per the Swine Farm Siting Act. The digester
is beyond 2500 ft. from any public building and beyond 500 ft. from any public water source. The new digester no closer than the
existing 1050 ft setback any occupied residence, The farm owner has obtained a signed waiver from Jo Ann Stroud and Donna
Smith as the digester is closer to their respective property lines than the existing lagoon.
Digester influent and effluent will be sampled from wet wells on site per the Sampling Protocol and Schedule document in this
package. The digester water level will be monitored by a level gauge installed in the digester -lagoon transfer wet well.
The digester will generate approximately 18,500 SCF of gas per day. This biogas is intended to be used within 6 months of
beginning to collect gas. A portable flare unit will be provided as needed. See plans for location. Spares for the gas upgrading
systems will be kept on the shelf so readily available as needed. The digester cover will be provided with emergency vents
which are strategically located away from barns/public but still provide access for operators. Safety procedures for venting
covers are called out in the 0&M document. Off -spec product gas from the upgrading skid is recycled to the digester for
reprocessing. See narrative for more information.
Per the Air Permit Applicability Request for Register 1 cluster of farms, submitted to NCDEQ Division of Air Quality, the annual
emission rates from the gas upgrading system associated with this farm are below the thresholds indicated in 15A NCAC
02Q.0102(d) and therefore does not require an air permit.
To facilitate your review of the enclosed documentation, the following is an itemized breakdown:
1. One (1) original "State Digester General Permit Application" application form.
2. One (1) copy of the engineering calculations.
3. One (1) copy of a detailed narrative of the Swine Digester Animal Waste Management System.
4. One (1) copy of Digester 0&M Procedures, Sampling Protocol, and Emergency Action Plan.
5. One (1) copy of the FEMA FIRM map labeled with the "proposed Digester Site".
6. One (1) copy of the signed Donna Smith setback waiver.
7. One (1) copy of the signed Jo Ann Stroud setback waiver.
8. One (1) copy of the permit form Section 3.6 components.
9. One (1) full-size set of the engineering plans.
Page 1 of 2

ENGINEERS MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Please note that the Surface Water Classification (Section 7 of the application) has been submitted to the appropriate regional
DWR office (or will be in the near future), and we expect to forward that approval to you in the next few weeks.
Please do not hesitate to contact me or my office if you have any questions, comments or require any additional information.
Thank you,
G . i�
Christopher Fey
Manager, Building Design & Construction
Roeslein & Associates
Attachments
Cc: Farm Owner
Page 2 of 2

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Feeding Operations Permit Application Form
(THIS FORMMAYBE PHOTOCOPIED FOR USE AS AN ORIGINAL)
State Digester General Permit — Farm Digester System
1. GENERAL INFORMATION:
1.1 Facility name: Donna Smith Farm
1.2 Print Owner's name: Bobby C. Britt
1.3 Mailing address: 441 Coy Smith Rd
City, State: Albertson NC Zip: 28508
Telephone (include area code): ( 252 ) 560 - 8675 Fax: (_) -
Email: [e-mail]
1.4 Physical address: 579 Kitty Noecker Rd
City, State: Pink Hill, NC Zip: 28572
Telephone number (include area code): ( ) -
Latitude 36.7748355 ° Longitude-90.3708672 ° (Decimal Degrees from Google Earth)
1.5 County where facility is located: Duplin
1.6 Facility location (directions from nearest major highway, using SR numbers for state roads): From Exit 373 on I-40, head
east on NC-24 E for 6.2 miles, straight onto NC-903 N for 2.6 miles, right on to Sarecta Rd and go 4.2 miles, turn left onto
N Williams Rd. left onto NC-111 N. Right onto Tapp Farm Rd..
1.7 Farm Manager's name (if different from Landowner):
1.8 Lessee's / Integrator's name (if applicable; circle which type is listed):
1.9 Facility's original start-up date: Date(s) of facility expansion(s) (if applicable):
1.10 Design Contact name: Mike Kotovsky Phone [phone] Email: mkotovsky&roeslein.com
2. OPERATION INFORMATION:
2.1 Facility number: AWS310191
2.2 Operation Description:
Please enter the Design Capacity of the system. The "No. of Animals" should be the maximum number for which the
current swine waste management system is permitted.
Tyne of Swine No. of Animals Tyne of Poultry No. of Animals Type of Cattle No. of Animals
❑ Wean to Feeder ❑ Layer ❑ Beef Brood Cow
® Feeder to Finish 3,520 ❑ Non -Layer
❑ Farrow to Wean (# sow)
❑ Farrow to Feeder (# sow)
❑ Farrow to Finish (# sow)
❑ Wean to Finish (# sow)
❑ Gilts
❑ Boar/Stud
❑ Other Type of Livestock on the farm:
❑ Turkey
❑ Turkey Poults
❑ Beef Feeder
❑ Beef Stocker Calf
❑ Dairy Calf
❑ Dairy Heifer
❑ Dry Cow
❑ Milk Cow
No. of Animals:
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 1 of 6

2.3 Acreage cleared and available for application (excluding all required buffers and areas not covered by the application
system): See attached Waste Utilization Plan Acres
Required Acreage (as listed in the CAWMP): See attached Waste Utilization Plan Acres
Existing Application Area (pre -construction): See attached Waste Utilization Plan Acres
Proposed Application Area (post -construction): Same as existing (see attached Waste Utilization Plan) Acres
Is there a change to the existing WUP? YES or NO (circle one)
Is the Existing WUP attached? YES or NO (circle one)
Is the New (if applicable) WUP attached? YES or NO (circle one)
2.4 List and Describe all Storage/Treatment Structures Below:
a. DIGESTER or other PRIMARY TREATMENT: (double click on "Select" for drop -down menu box)
Treatment
Existing?
Name of
Treatment
Type of
Liner
Surface
Type of Cover
Ttl Capacity
Req'd Capacity
Unit Type
(Y/N)
Unit
Material
Area
Material
(cu. Ft.)
(cu.ft.)
Digester
N
Digester
Synthetic
31,200
Synthetic (80 mil)
177,270
176,000
Select
Select
Select
Select
Select
Select
a.l Are engineering designs, drawings, specifications, and details attached? YES or NO (circle one)
b. SECONDARY TREATMENT/STORAGE: (double click on "Select" for drop -down menu box)
Name of Storage Unit
Existing?
(Y/N)
Type of Liner
Material
Surface Area
Ttl Capacity
cu. Ft.)
Req'd Capacity
(cu.ft.)
Lagoon 27550
Y
Clay
94,000
727,360
705,112
Select
Select
Select
2.5 Are KNOWN subsurface drains present within 100' of any application fields?
2.6 Are KNOWN subsurface drains in the vicinity or under the waste management system?
YES or NO (circle one)
YES or NO (circle one)
2.7 Does this facility meet all applicable siting requirements? YES or NO (circle one)
2.8 Describe Water Movement between Barns, Digesters, and Storage Ponds (double click on "Select" for drop -down menu
box)
Location
Pump Station or
Gravity
Pipe Size
Minimum Pump
Ca acit
Plan Sheet
Reference
GPM
TDH
Barns to Digester
Gravity
12"
N/A
N/A
RA270-00-27050-5
Digester to Secondary
Pump Station
6"
564
9.09
RA270-00-27050-5
Select
Select
Select
Select
Select
Select
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 2 of 6

3. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST:
Please indicate that you have included the following required items by signing your initials in the space provided next to each
item.
Applicant's Initials
3.1 One completed and signed original of the application for Digester Animal Waste Management
System Application Form. CF
3.2 A general location map indicating the location of the animal waste facilities and field locations
where animal waste is land applied and a county road map with the location of the facility
indicated. CF
3.3 Documentation that new digester structure(s) meets the Swine Farm Siting Act, for swine
CF
operations.
3.3.1 Site Map. The scale of this map shall not exceed 1 inch = 400 feet.
3.3.2 All proposed digesters to occupied residences > 1500 feet OR no closer than existing setback.
Existing setback = 930 feet
3.3.3 All proposed digesters to schools, hospitals, churches, outdoor recreational facilities, national parks, state
parks, historic properties, or childcare centers > 2500 feet OR no closer than existing setback.
Existing setback = 2,500 feet
3.3.4 All proposed digesters to property boundaries > 500 feet OR no closer than existing setback.
Existing setback = 35 feet
3.3.5 All proposed digesters to Public Water supply wells > 500 feet.
3.3.6 The map shall show the location of any property boundaries and perennial streams, or rivers located
within 75 feet of waste application areas.
3.4 One copy of all engineering documents, including, but not limited to, calculations,
CF
equipment specifications, plan and profile drawings to scale, construction materials,
supporting equations or justifications.
3.5 A detailed narrative of the Farm Digester Animal Waste Management System.
CF
3.6 A copy of the CAWMP which must include the following components. Some of these
components may not have been required at the time the facility was initially certified but must
be added to the CAWMP for permitting purposes:
CF
3.6.1 The Waste Utilization Plan (WUP) must include the amount of Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN)
produced and utilized by the facility
3.6.2 The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g., irrigation, injection, etc.)
3.6.3 A map of every field used for land application
3.6.4 The soil series present on every land application field
3.6.5 The crops grown on every land application field
3.6.6 The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
3.6.7 The PAN applied to every application field
3.6.8 The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
3.6.9 The required NRCS Standard Specifications
3.6.10 A site schematic
3.6.11 Emergency Action Plan
3.6.12 Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
3.6.13 Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
3.6.14 Mortality Control Checklist with the selected method noted
3.6.15 Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.); please be sure to include any
site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to your
facility
3.6.16 Site Specific Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your
submittal. (Composting, waste transfers, etc.)
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 3 of 6

4. ENGINEER'S CERTIFICATION:
1, Patrick L. Kullbe
(P.E. representing Owner's name listed in question 1.2),
attest that this application for Donna Smith Farm (Facility name listed in
question as been reviewed y me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. 1 understand flha if all require
parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not included, this
application package Will be returned to �ae as incomplete.
Signature
Engineer's Seal
09/27/2(
5. FARM OWNER/PERMITTEE CERTIFICATION:
Date 9/27/2024
I, —Bobby C. Britt (Owner/Permittee name listed in question 1.2), attest
that this application for Donna Smith Farm (Facility name listed in question 1.1) has
been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that if all required parts of this
application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not included, this application
package will be returned as incomplete.
Date 6 - Da.
6. MANAGER'S CERTIFICATION: (complete only if different from the Fann Owner)
I,
(Manager's name listed in question 1.7), attest that this
application for (Facility name listed in question 1.1) has
been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that if all required parts of this
application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not included, this application
package will be returned as incomplete.
Signature
Date
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION PACKAGE, INCLUDING ALL SUPPORTING INFORMATION AND MATERIALS,
SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES
WATER QUALITY PERMITTING SECTION
ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS PROGRAM
1636 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1636
TELEPHONE NUMBER: [phone]
ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION IS ENCOURAGED. EMAIL TO: [e-mail]
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 4 of 6

7. SURFACE WATER CLASSIFICATION:
This form must be completed by the appropriate DWR regional office and included as a part of the
project submittal information.
INSTRUCTIONS TO NC PROFESSIONALS:
The classification of the downslope surface waters (the surface waters that any overflow from the facility would flow toward) in
which this animal waste management system will be operated must be determined by the appropriate DWR regional office.
Therefore, you are required, prior to submittal of the application package, to submit this form, with items 1 through 6
completed, to the appropriate Division of Water Resources Regional Operations Supervisor (see page 6 of 6). At a minimum,
you must include an 8.5" by 11" copy of the portion of a 7.5-minute USGS Topographic Map which shows the location of this
animal waste application system and the downslope surface waters in which they will be located. Identify the closest
downslope surface waters on the attached map copy. Once the regional office has completed the classification,
reincorporate this completed page and the topographic map into the complete application form and submit the
application package.
7.1 Facility Name & Number:
7.2 Name & complete address of engineering firm:
Telephone: ( )
Email:
7.3 Name of closest downslope surface waters:
Fax: ( )
7.4 County(ies) where the animal waste management system and surface waters are
7.5 Map name and date:
7.6 NC Professional's Seal (If appropriate), Signature, and Date:
TO: REGIONAL OPERATIONS SUPERVISOR
Please provide me with the classification of the watershed where this animal waste management facility will be or has been
constructed or field located, as identified on the attached map segment(s):
Name of surface waters:
Classification (as established by the Environmental Management Commission):
Proposed classification, if applicable:
Signature of regional office personnel:
(All attachments must be signed)
Date:
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 5 of 6

DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES REGIONAL OFFICES (4/2020)
Asheville Regional WQROS Supervisor Washington Regional WQROS Supervisor Raleigh Regional WQROS Supervisor
2090 U.S. Highway 70
943 Washington Square Mall
1628 Mail Service Center
Swannanoa, NC
28778
Washington, NC 27889
Raleigh, NC 27699-1628
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]
Avery
Macon
Beaufort Jones
Chatham Nash
Buncombe
Madison
Bertie Lenoir
Durham Northampton
Burke
McDowell
Camden Martin
Edgecombe Orange
Caldwell
Mitchell
Chowan Pamlico
Franklin Person
Cherokee
Polk
Craven Pasquotank
Granville Vance
Clay
Rutherford
Currituck Perquimans
Halifax Wake
Graham
Swain
Dare Pitt
Johnston Warren
Haywood
Transylvania
Gates Tyrell
Lee Wilson
Henderson
Yancey
Greene Washington
Jackson
Hertford Wayne
Hyde
Fayetteville Regional WQROS SupervisorMooresville Regional WQROS Supervisor Wilmington Region WQROS Supervisor
225 Green Street, Suite 714
610 East Center Avenue
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Fayetteville, NC 28301-5094
Mooresville, NC 28115
Wilmington, NC 28405-3845
[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]
Anson Moore
Alexander Lincoln
Brunswick New Hanover
Bladen Richmond
Cabarrus Mecklenburg
Carteret Onslow
Cumberland Robeson
Catawba Rowan
Columbus Pender
Harnett Sampson
Cleveland Stanly
Duplin
Hoke Scotland
Gaston Union
Montgomery
Iredell
Winston-Salem Regional WQROS Supervisor
450 Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27105
Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Alamance
Rockingham
Alleghany
Randolph
Ashe
Stokes
Caswell
Surry
Davidson
Watauga
Davie
Wilkes
Forsyth
Yadkin
Guilford
FORM: AWO-STATE-G-DIGESTER-7/15/2022 Page 6 of 6

s�
ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
27050 —Donna Smith Puma Calc
Monarch Bioenergy LLC — Register, NC
Swine RNG Project
A1000 Pump Calc
R&A Project RA270-23
Issued 240913
Donna Smith Transfer from
Digester to 27550
Wet WeW8x&50
Water Transfer
Lagoon
El: 91.5 ft
P Surface: 0 psi g
Leael: 7ft
P Total: 6.491 psi
P Total: 7.642 psi g
/l
PI
u
3
_I
Pipe 449
►�{'d ►��,�
Pipe 450
4" Hog Pump 10HP5
Pipe 371
06
Pipe 372
Pressure Boundary 80
El: 308 ft
0: 6 in
Op: F6ced Speed @ ISDDrpm 0: 6 in
0: 6 in
0: 6 in
Op: P Total @ 0 psi g
L: 1 ft
L: 3 ft
Fbw: 563.8 gpm
L: 15 k
L: 300 k
Flow563.8 gpm
Vel: 6.852 ft/s
TH: 18.62 ft Vel: 6.852 ft/s
Vel: 6.852 k/s
Vel: 6.852 ft/s
P Static:-0.3163 9
HL: 0.02376 ft
NPSHe 39.48 ft HL: 0.6201 ft
HL: 1.344 ft
HL: 7.128 ft
p namc; 0.31633psi
psi
P suct Total: 3.M4 psi g
P disch Total: 6.76 psi g
Power In: --
EfF. --
NPSHr: --

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ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Digester - Volume Calculations
Project: Donna Smith Farm Location: Duplin County, NC
Project No: RA270 Design By: JRE
Date: 2024-09-13 Checked By: MWK
Rev: 0
Existing Configuration (For Reference)
Farm Information: Farm Population:
Donna Smith Farm 3,520 GF
Total: 3,520
Storm and Rainfall:
Storm (25-yr, 24-hr): 7.5 in.
"Heavy Rain": 7.5 in.
Proposed Configuration (Proposed Digester)
Flow Path: Barns -> Digester (Proposed) -> Existing Lagoon
*Note: Roeslein Digesters are designed regarding Hydraulic Retention Time, not NCDEQ Minimum Treatment Volume for hog farms
*Note: New digester is NOT providing additional treatment storage capacity in accordance with NCDEQ standards (135 cuft/lb*lb/hog), but instead serves
as a steady-state reservoir, diverting additional water volume to existing treatment lagoons for storage and land application.
*Note: Existing Donna Smith Farm lagoons designed by Don Butler 3-2-94
Volumes:
Total Capacity
3,520
Capacity cf/head I=Total
Treatment Volume= 1 3,520 501 176,000 cf
Capacity I Retention Time (days) I=Total
Volume for Retention Time= 1 3,520 1 40.001 121,226 cf
Volume (cf) I Days of HRT Storage
Provided Retention Time (days)= 1 177,240 1 67.53
Desired Digester Treatment Volume:
Sludge Storage:
Volume Required (cf)
Volume Provided (cf)
Lagoon Calculations
Lagoon Volumes
176,000
177,240
0
0
0
0
0
0
176,000
177,240
Storm Storage:
Heavy Rain:
Tota I:
Note: Sludge storage value is shown as 0 because seed sludge volume is negligible and influent sludge volume is accounted for in the
50 cuft/hd and 40 days HRT values.
Note: Both Rainfall values set to 0 because no rainfall will enter the sealed digester. Excess will be pumped off of cover.
Note: Per Conservation Practice Standard Waste Treatment Lagoon (Code 359) "General Criteria for All Lagoons", the digester storage
volume does not need to account for rainfall for completely covered digesters.
Total Temorary Storage
Proposed Configuration (Proposed Digester)
Digester (Proposed) Volume
Vol. (cf)
High Pump Elevation: 184,031
Low Pump Elevation: 170,579
Temorary Storage: 13,452
Digester (Proposed) Berm Length (FT): 240
Digester (Proposed) Berm Width (FT): 130
Digester (Proposed) Berm Slope: 3
Digester(Proposed)Stage-Storage
Elevation (ft)
Area (sf)
Incr. Vol. (cf)
Cumul. Vol. (cf)
86
9,744
-
87
11,136
10,434
10,434
88
12,600
11,862
22,296
89
14,136
13,362
35,658
90
15,744
14,934
50,592
91
17,424
16,578
67,170
92
19,176
18,294
85,464
93
21,000
20,082
105,546
94
22,896
21,942
127,488
95
24,864
23,874
151,362
96
26,904
25,878
177,240
97
29,016
27,954
205,194
98
31,200
30,102
235,296
Digester Treatment Volume:
at High Pump Elevation of:
at Operating Elevation of:
at Low Pump Elevation of:
Elevation (ft)
Cumul. Vol. (cf)
96.25
184,031
96
177,240
95.75
170,579
Elevation Vol. (cf)
Top of Dike Elev. =
98
235,296
High Pump Elev. =
96.25
184,031
Start Pumping Elev. =
96.00
177,240
Low Pump Elev. =
95.75
170,579
Min. Operating Elev. =
94
127,488
Planned Sludge Elev. = 88 22,296
Finished Bottom Elev. = 86 -

ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
27050 — Donna Smith Farm Digester Narrative
Monarch Bioenergy LLC — Register, NC
Swine RNG Project
A1000 Digester Narrative
R&A Project RA270-23
Issued 240913
Farm will utilize existing barns with slotted floors over flushing pits to collect manure. The farm
operators use pull plug system and recycle water for flushing to manage the animal manure. As part of
this current project, a new anaerobic lagoon digester will be installed, and the animal manure will be
redirected to the new digester. After treatment in the in anaerobic digester, the effluent will flow into
the existing lagoon. There is no change to the existing farm operations, nor the volume of wastes
generated. The effluent water will be recycled back to the barn for pit recharge or irrigated in
accordance with the existing Waste Utilization Plan (WUP).
Upon flushing, the wastewater from the barns will be directed through a 12-inch diameter gravity pipe
header directly to the digester.
The approximate dimensions of the new anaerobic lagoon digester are 240 feet by 130 feet with a total
volume of 235,296 cubic feet and a treatment capacity of 177,240 cubic feet at operating level.
Before the excavation, the project area is stripped approximately 6 inches of topsoil and will be
stockpiled. Embankment material will be free of sod, roots, and other objectionable material. The
maximum thickness of each compacted layer will be 6-inches and compacted to 95% of Standard Proctor
at -1 to +3 percent of optimum moisture content per ASTM D698. Each lift shall be tested for moisture
and density. The stockpiled topsoil will be spread on the outside bank.
After the construction of the digester lagoon, and all required pipe penetrations, the inside walls of the
lagoon will be smooth rolled prior to the installation of the baseliner. The baseliner will be 60-mil thick
HDPE synthetic liner. After the liner is installed, it will be tested for leaks prior to filling the lagoon with
wastewater.
There will be an outlet structure with a weir (level control) that keeps the water level inside the digester
at a constant level. The effluent will gravity flow through a 12-inch diameter digester outlet pipe to the
level control wet well and be transferred by pump (pump and pipe sizes on Pump Calc sheet) into the
existing lagoon 27550.
Once the lagoon is within in 2 feet of the normal operating level, a floating cover will be installed to
capture the biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of the organic wastes in the wastewater. The
captured biogas will be treated to produce renewable natural gas (RNG) by a micro -gas cleaning skid
(micro-GUS). Tail gas from micro-GUS will be vented to atmosphere, with levels documented in PAD
letter.

s1
ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Anaerobic Digesterystem O&M
Table of Contents
Register, NC RA270-22
Anaerobic Digester O&M
Revision: 0
Effective Date: 4/15/2024
Definitions................................................................................................................................................. 2
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................
2
Description of the Operational Components.............................................................................................
2
GravityCollection Pipe.........................................................................................................................
2
Lift Pump Station (where necessary)....................................................................................................
3
AnaerobicDigester...............................................................................................................................
3
MixingPump........................................................................................................................................
5
SecondaryLagoon................................................................................................................................
5
TransferPump.......................................................................................................................................
5
RainwaterCover Pump......................................................................................................................... 5
OxygenInjection System...................................................................................................................... 5
Description of Anticipated Maintenance...................................................................................................
6
Routine System Maintenance Instructions............................................................................................
6
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................................
7
Emergency Protocols, Repair, and Replacement..................................................................................
7
Safety........................................................................................................................................................
7
BiogasHazards.....................................................................................................................................
7
EquipmentSupplies..............................................................................................................................
7
Proper Protective Equipment (PPE)......................................................................................................
7
Provisions for Safety Measures.............................................................................................................
8
Restrictionof Access.........................................................................................................................
8
EmergencyContacts.........................................................................................................................
8
Equipment Safety Guards, Warning Labels, & Alarms.....................................................................
8
Clearances.........................................................................................................................................
8
Open Flames & Combustion Sources............................................................................................... 8
Spill Prevention & Control Provisions...................................................................................................... 8
Response to Upsets and Bypasses Including Control Containment and Remediation ..........................
8
Contact Information for Emergency Responders and Regulatory Agencies .........................................
8
FacilityControl Valves.......................................................................................................................... 8
Warranty....................................................................................................................................................
8
Appendix A: Inflation Rating Guide.......................................................................................................10
Appendix B: Digester Operation SOP....................................................................................................12
Page 1 of 17

s1
ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Register, NC RA270-22
Anaerobic Digester O&M
Revision: 0
Effective Date: 4/15/2024
Definitions
Anerobic Digestion — The process of decomposing organic waste material through the use of bacteria in the
absence of oxygen to produce Biogas and Digestate.
Anerobic Digester- A sealed basin or tank designed contain the waste and capture the Biogas during
anerobic digestion.
Biogas- A product of Anerobic Digestion, produced by fermentation of organic materials. It typically has a
composition of mainly methane and carbon dioxide, with traces of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, and
water.
Digestate — liquid/solid digester effluent.
Introduction
The Project uses anerobic digestion of swine waste to produce biogas. The biogas is captured, upgraded to
RNG, and combined with other swine site RNG before being ultimately injected into a utility's natural gas
pipeline.
The Project includes manure influent piping from the swine barns, an anerobic digester, biogas take -off
pipe going to the Micro Gas Cleaning System (µGCS), and digestate transfer system to open storage lagoon.
The barn waste stream contains two types of solids: organic and inorganic. A portion of the organic solids
are broken down (digested) to produce biogas. The digestion of organic solids occurs as a result of several
"types" of microbes, which exist in a symbiotic relationship. The naturally occurring microbes are one of
nature's ways of breaking down organic material. The digester provides an ideal environment for the
microbes to thrive. The inorganic solids either settle at the bottom of the digester or exit in the digestate
stream as a dissolved solids or suspended solids.
In addition to the information provided in the document, the operator should familiarize themselves with
the local, state, and federal laws that may apply to operation of this site.
Description of the Operational Components
Below are listed the major component operations.
Gravity Collection Pipe
The gravity collection pipe receives waste from the hog barns and directs that waste to either an
influent lift station or directly to the earthen lagoon digester. Typically, the diameter of the pipe is
8" (min) to 12 inches (max).
The gravity collection pipe includes several clean -outs that provide access to the gravity collection
pipe for removal of a clogs or blockage via use of a sewer snake or similar apparatus as needed.
Typically, there will be at least one cleanout every 200 feet. During normal operation, the pipe
should be free flowing, without obstructions, to transport waste to the lift pump station or directly
to the anaerobic digester.
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The barn operator is responsible for sending barn waste to the gravity collection pipe. The
digester/biogas operator should check weekly, each hog barn waste outlet to ensure that there are
no overflows, clogs, etc.
Lift Pump Station (where necessga)
The lift pump station receives wastewater from the gravity collection pipe and pumps that
wastewater to the anaerobic digester via buried forced main. The waste enters the digester at the
opposite end of the digester outlet. During normal operation, the pump station will automatically
cycle on and off based on the liquid level in the wet well, which is triggered by float switches.
The pipe from each of the two pumps goes through a check valve (which only allows the liquid to
travel in one direction) and a plug valve (normally open, but can be closed when needed, such as
when servicing the upstream pump). The two pipes join via a tee, and the downstream pipe leads
to the inlet of the digester.
During normal operation, the pumps may run several times an hour to pump waste to the anaerobic
digester. Only one pump will run at any given time, normally, where the pumps will alternate
between cycles (Pump 1 will run while Pump 2 is off, and in the next cycle Pump 2 will run while
Pump 1 is off, and so on). It is not uncommon, for both pumps to operate during higher inlet flows.
The pumps can also be controlled manually, if desired, or in times of troubleshooting, etc. The
control panel next to the pump station includes toggle switches for each pump, which can be set to
either (1) Auto (for normal float -based operation), (2) Off, or (3) "Hand" (i.e., manual operation).
In the event of a pipe clog or lift pump failure, the waste will flow through the gravity "digester
bypass" pipe connecting the interior of the pump station to the existing lagoon at an elevation below
the top of the wet well, which will avoid overflow of the pump station.
Note: Some farms do not have Influent Pump Stations; rather than using a Lift Pump Station, the
waste flows from the barns directly to the anaerobic digesters.
Anaerobic Di eg ster
The anaerobic lagoon is constructed outside of the 100-year flood plain and any wetlands. The
treatment volume is designed utilizing a minimum volume of 50 cubic feet/head and with a
minimum HRT of 40 days. The construction approach will be a cut and fill balance. The excavated
material will be utilized to build the embankments. The berm fill material for the lagoon will be
placed in 6-inch-thick lifts to a minimum of 95% of standard proctor at -1% to +3% of optimum
moisture. Each lift fill be tested for moisture and density. The excavated material used for the
lagoon berm construction will be free of sod, roots, and other objectionable materials. The
minimum top width of the lagoon digester will be 15 feet with a minimum inside and outside slope
of 3:1.
After the construction of the embankment and after the installation of all pipes penetrating the
berms, the inside of the lagoon will be smooth rolled and a 60-mil thick HDPE liner will be installed
as the baseliner. Edges of the baseliner will be secured in an anchor trench at the top of the berm.
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The anaerobic digester receives all raw waste from the hog barns. The complex organic wastes are
broken down to simpler compounds by the anaerobic digestion process. As a part of the anaerobic
process, biogases (including methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide) are produced. These
gases are captured under an impermeable cover (80-mil thick HDPE liner) and then directed to the
biogas cleaning system. biogas blower or biogas dehydration system.
Biogas captured and stored under the cover supplies the biogas draw off piping. All berm
penetrations (gravity sewer, forced main, effluent to wet well, sludge removal piping must always
remain submerged to create a liquid seal to prevent biogas from escaping. Perforated piping
underneath the cover connects all sections of the lagoon to the draw off connection. The liquid
waste is digested for a minimum of 40 days.
The digester liquid effluent is either pumped or gravity fed to an existing storage lagoon. The
lagoon digester cover should be supported by the lagoon liquid when not inflated. Dropping the
lagoon liquid level too low may lead to an unsupported cover and possible cover stretching and
cover damage. Recommended operation level is 3-4 ft below top of berm to ensure adequate
digester biomethane production and ensure that the level does not exceed 2 ft below top of berm at
any time during operational deviances. The digester liquid level should be monitored daily.
Any settleable solids and microbes (i.e. "Sludge") build up slowly over months/years at the bottom
of the digester. These solids can be periodically removed by connecting portable pipes and pumps
to the sludge removal pipes in the digester and disposed of through permitted means on the farm or
by a contract sludge hauler.
There will be a total of eight 6-inch diameter sludge removal pipes installed near the bottom
elevation the lagoon and terminated near the top of the berm. Four installed on each side of the
central ballast pipe, staggered every other lateral. These pipes will be utilized for the periodic
removal from the lagoon.
Ballast piping on top of the cover control the cover inflation and direct rainwater to center rainwater
trenches to be pumped to natural water shed (if uncontaminated). The cover should be free of
excessive accumulation of rainwater and should not show signs of any damage or leaks.
The effluent of the anaerobic digester flows from the anaerobic digester through an outlet structure
and flows by gravity into the secondary lagoon. The outlet structure is equipped with a level gauge
with 1-foot markings. The outlet structure has an overflow weir to keep a constant freeboard of 2'
inside the lagoon digester. The effluent overflowing the weir will be directed to the secondary
lagoon by gravity.
During normal operation, the digester cover will inflate like a balloon from the biogas trapped
beneath, an inflation guide can be found in Appendix A. Proper inflation of the digesters is critical
to the reliable operation of the plant. A low level of inflation ensures that ingress of air doesn't
occur into the biogas which would contaminate the gas with nitrogen and oxygen. 100% full
inflation ensures that the covers are in an optimal state for 24-hour net heat gain by the digester and
prepared for normal atmospheric wind conditions. The pressure under the cover will typically range
from 0-0.3" w.c., a pressure of 0.4" w.c. can be dangerous.
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ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Typical digester operation can be found in Appendix B.
Mixing Pump
A dry well will house a mixing pump which draws the water from the lagoon near the bottom
elevation and discharges the water near the influent side of the digester. This pump will be operated
on a regular interval. This pump is typically operated for approximately 4 hours a day, five days a
week.
Secondary Lagoon
The effluent of the anaerobic digester flows from the anaerobic digester outlet pipe to the secondary
lagoon. The secondary lagoon is used to store the treated effluent after anaerobic digestion until it
can be land applied.
There is an ammonia reduction unit installed on these secondary lagoons.
The farm operator is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the secondary lagoons.
Digestate liquid stored in the secondary lagoon is used for pit pre -charge and flush tank recharge.
The secondary lagoon is a critical part of the integrated system, the Digester/Biogas Operator
should note any abnormal operation of the storage basin, such as leaks or excessive liquid level,
and communicate such observations to the farm owner.
During normal operation, the storage basin will most often appear to be inactive. Waste will
periodically flow from the anaerobic digester outlet pipe into the storage basin via gravity or pump.
The outlet pipe from the anaerobic digester into the storage lagoon must remain submerged in the
digester to provide a liquid seal and prevent biogas from escaping from beneath the digester cover.
As such, it is not uncommon for the pipe to turn down and follow the direction of the inner slope
of the lagoon to ensure submergence during times when the lagoon liquid level may be low due to
normal pumping and irrigation activities.
Transfer Pump
The transfer pump transfers accumulated effluent among available secondary lagoons as the farm
owner desires to optimize effluent storage. The transfer pumps are manually operated through the
local disconnect. Under normal circumstances, the transfer pump will only be used periodically by
the farm owner. Typically, the transfer pump is used to draw down the digester liquid level in the
fall to make room in the digester to store lagoon liquid during the colder winter months.
Rainwater Cover Pump
Two rainwater cover pumps are installed on end of the digester to remove accumulated rainwater
from the digester cover. There will be a 3-inch suction line to each of these stormwater removal
pumps. Erosion control measures, such as rip rap will be placed at the discharge point.
Oxygen Injection System
An oxygen injection system will be installed to limit the amount of hydrogen sulfide in the biogas.
The oxygen injection system consists of an oxygen generation unit which produces 95% purity
oxygen from air, and it will be injected under the cover at two locations. Calibrated Oxygen
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monitoring instrument continuously monitors the concentration of oxygen in the head space under
the cover. The maximum allowable oxygen concentration in the biogas will be 0.5%.
Description of Anticipated Maintenance
The system is designed to require as little maintenance as possible once it has been started up and is in
operation. Sample tests should be performed periodically and to permitting requirements, to allow
evaluation of the composition of the wastewater. System components should be visually inspected regularly
and as recommended by the equipment manufacturer. If the system is well operated, it will display the
following signs of being maintained properly:
• All pipes should be intact and watertight.
• The pumps should operate with little to no vibration and without excessive noise.
• The anaerobic digester should be free of excessive accumulation of rainwater on the cover. The
accumulated rainwater will be pumped off the cover via the Rainwater Pumps. The rainwater must
be tested to determine the discharge location for the pumps. If contaminated the rainwater must be
discharged back into the digester, otherwise it may be discharged safely on nearby vegetated areas.
• The anaerobic digester cover should be free of any tears, punctures, or failures.
• There should be no strong odors coming from the digester.
• The secondary lagoon should be clean and free of floating debris. The liquid should be clean an
clear.
Routine System Maintenance Instructions
For optimum operation and maximum efficiency maintenance should be performed daily.
mechanical equipment should be cleaned weekly and lubricated as required. Equipment cleaning
and lubrication should be done as specified in the O&M manuals provided by each equipment's
manufacturer.
Periodically, the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the digester will need to be removed, this will
be done by following the existing Waste Utilization Plan (WUP). The sludge may be removed
through the use of the sludge removal pipes utilizing a temporary pump. All application of the
removed sludge should be done in accordance with the farms approved WUP & Nutrient
Management Plan.
Typically, a portion of sludge will be removed from the digester every other year. Sludge
accumulation can be monitored by the site's operator through the use of inspections ports installed
on the top of the digester cover and should be assessed annually. When assessing the sludge
accumulation, the operator should aim to have as much biogas removed as possible prior to opening
the inspection port to limit release of biogas into the atmosphere. Due to biogas production
declining in cold weather, it is recommended to take sludge measurements during winter. To get a
measurement of the sludge depth, the site operator will use the inspection ports and insert a pipe or
gauge with graduated markings will be used to assess the depth of the sludge in the digester. When
inserting the pipe or gauge caution should be used to avoid applying excessive pressure or even
puncturing the liner of the digester. After sludge removal has been concluded, the operator should
reconnect all fittings from the sludge removal pipes and piping as it was prior to the sludge removal.
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ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Safe
Troubleshooting
Refer to equipment O&M manuals as necessary, summarized below:
Emergency Protocols, Repair, and Replacement
The O&M Manuals provided by the equipment manufacturers should be kept onsite in a centralized
location, known to all who work around the equipment. The O&M manuals should provide
instructions for possible field repairs or how to secure a piece of equipment until qualified repair
personnel are able to arrive.
Biogas Hazards
Biogas and oxygen in air can potentially form a flammable mixture.
Methane (CH4) is an odorless, flammable gas. CH4 is lighter than air and tends to rise and dissipate
quickly outdoors.
In addition to being primarily comprised of methane (55 — 60%), biogas is also comprised of carbon
dioxide (35 — 40%), and trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrogen (< 2%), oxygen (< 1%),
and water vapor (<8%) which are hazardous.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) has a distinct "rotten egg" odor at low concentrations. However, at higher
concentrations, it overwhelms the sense of smell and cannot be detected. At concentrations > 1000
ppm, it can cause immediate unconsciousness and death through respiratory paralysis. Hydrogen
Sulfide compositions in the biogas feed supply can be at 1500 to 2500 ppm/vol.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non -irritating, non -toxic gas. However,
it can act as a simple asphyxiant by displacing oxygen present in air to levels below that required
to support life. In environments with low concentrations of oxygen, confusion and reduced mental
capacities can lead to poor judgement and increase the risk of safety events.
Nitrogen (N2) gas is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non -irritating, non -toxic, inert gas. However,
it can act as a simple asphyxiant by displacing oxygen present in air to levels below that required
to support life. In environments with low concentrations of oxygen, confusion and reduced mental
capacities can lead to poor judgement and increase the risk of safety events.
Equipment Supplies
All equipment used around the digesters should be qualified to be used in Class Div2 areas.
Proper Protective Equipment (PPE)
All personel working around anerobic digesters should refer to local HSE officer for job specific
PPE requirements and need. At a minimum, the following PPE should be used whenever in the
vicinity of biogas.
0 4-gas personal monitor should be worn when in the vicinity of biogas
o Safety glasses, safety shoes, gloves.
o Personal Floatation Devices — when working on the cover.
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Provisions for Safety Measures
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Anaerobic Digester O&M
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Restriction of Access
No one should enter any section of the wastewater treatment system unless accompanied
by another person who is able to perform live -saving techniques and should only be done
to perform routine maintenance or a required repair. Before entering a waste collection pit,
lift station well, or any section of the anaerobic digester, all biogas should be removed and
sufficient airflow has been directed into the workplace. Proper airflow can be directed into
the workspace through fans, blowers, or other means. The responsibility of personal safety
is on the person or organization performing the work, and not on the farm owner, associated
equipment providers, or construction contractors.
Emergency Contacts
Emergency contact information is required to be posted at any gates and in the operation
control room.
Equipment Safety Guards, Warning Labels, & Alarms
All safety guards, warning labels, safeties, and alarms for all the equipment shall always
be operational and maintain their location.
Clearances
Keep and maintain all clearances as required by law and as recommended by the
equipment's manufacturers.
Open Flames & Combustion Sources
Ensure that all open flames and combustion sources are kept away from any location where
gas can accumulate. A minimum separation distance of 50 ft is recommended to keep
between any ignition point and the cover of the anaerobic digester. There will be no
smoking near any of the gas treatment systems.
Spill Prevention & Control Provisions
Response to Upsets and Bypasses Including Control Containment and Remediation
All control stations will be equipped with audible alarms. Remote alarms will be provided by a
control system to alert the operator of any problems should they occur.
Contact Information for Emergencyponders and Regulatory Agencies
All phone numbers for Emergency Responders and Remediation Agencies will be located in an
unobstructed centralized location in the control room.
Facility Control Valves
Control valves installed will allow for operators to isolate sections of the system if a problem were
to occur.
Waffanjy
All Roeslein and its subcontractor/vendor-supplied equipment or parts are warranted to be free from
defective material and workmanship, under normal use and service. Roeslein is responsible for the
operation and maintenance of the treatment system. In the event of any defects developing during the
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normal operation of the system, Roeslein will notify the supplier/vendor in writing, and upon receipt of
their written consent, the parts will be returned promptly to vendor's factory.
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Appendix A: Inflation Rating Guide
Inflation Rating - Lagoon cover inflation should be rated on a scale from 0 to 10. The purpose of this guide
is to provide advice when grading inflation level. Levels that fall in between these defined ratings should
be interpolated.
0: Cover is completely
flat, resting on the water.
man
AM
MAN
1: Cover is mostly flat, with
pillows around the outside or in some areas.
3: Cover is inflated but center rain trench and laterals are still on water.
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5: Center rain trench is on water but laterals on one side are off the water.
r .r
7: Center rain trench is on water but all laterals are off the water.
9: All laterals and some parts of the center rain trench are off the water.
----R
i
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Appendix B: Digester Operation SOP
1. Overview:
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A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is a set of written instructions that document a routine or repetitive
activity followed by an organization. The development and use of SOPS are an integral part of a successful
quality system as it provides individuals with the information to perform a job properly and facilitates
consistency in the quality and integrity of a product or end -result.
The Operations Team should follow the Digester Operation Procedure when operating equipment at the
digester and managing liquid level. For additional information refer to Cover Installer's Operations and
Maintenance Manual.
2. Purpose
The Digester Operation Procedure provides guidance on how to manage digester water level seasonally,
manage cover inflation, and perform surveillance of cover integrity.
3. Scope and Applicability
This procedure is applicable to the Digester Transfer pumps, Mixing Pumps, and digester covers installed
by Roeslein and Associates.
4. Procedure Summary
Transfer Pump Operation
Digester Cover Operation
Daily Checks
Weekly Checks
5. Guidelines/Authority
The Procedure does not strictly fall under any regulated authority.
6. Health/Safety
Refer to Site owners' safety requirements regarding PPE assessment for additional details.
OOF Biogas and oxygen in air can potentially form a flammable mixture.
Methane (CH4) is an odorless, flammable gas. CH4 is lighter than air and
tends to rise and dissipate quickly outdoors.
cry Fim„a+e Biogas contains primarily methane (55 — 60%), and carbon dioxide (35 —
40%). However, biogas also contains hazardous trace amounts of hydrogen
sulfide (H2S), nitrogen (< 2%), oxygen (< 1%), and water vapor (<8%).
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) has a distinct "rotten egg" odor at low concentrations.
However, at higher concentrations, it overwhelms the sense of smell and
cannot be detected. At concentrations > 1000 ppm, it can cause immediate
unconsciousness and death through respiratory paralysis.
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Hydrogen Sulfide compositions in the biogas feed supply can be at 1500 to
2500 ppm/vol, however the tail gas/permeate from the membrane routing to
the thermal oxidizer can be in the 10,000 ppm/vol range.
/ Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non -irritating, non-
toxic gas. However, it can act as a simple asphyxiant by displacing oxygen
present in air to levels below that required to support life. In environments
with low concentrations of oxygen, confusion and reduced mental capacities
can lead to poor judgement and increase the risk of safety events.
v Nitrogen (N2) gas is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non -irritating, non -toxic,
cWWHWth► KW inert gas. However, it can act as a simple asphyxiant by displacing oxygen
present in air to levels below that required to support life. In environments
with low concentrations of oxygen, confusion and reduced mental capacities
can lead to poor judgement and increase the risk of safety events.
7. Equipment/Supplies
• Adjustable wrench (standard metal okay to use in Class 1 Div2 areas)
• (PPE) proper protective equipment
0 4-2as personal monitor should be worn when in the vicinity of biogas
o Safety glasses, safety shoes, gloves.
o Personal Floatation Devices — when working on the cover.
• Refer to local HSE officer for job specific PPE requirements and needs.
8. Procedure
No.
Procedural Step Description
Transfer Pump Operation
8.0.1
Transfer pumps transfer water from the covered lagoon digester to evaporative lagoons
to maintain the desired liquid level in the digester.
Lagoon digesters high level is limited to two (2) feet below top of berm (or freeboard).
Lagoon digester low pump level is limited to one (1) foot above the sewer inlet pipe
exit to maintain gas seal. All pipe -berm penetrations must remain sealed with liquid to
avoid allowing biogas escaping through unsealed headers. The low pump level is — 9
ft below top of berm. The lagoon digester cover should be supported by the lagoon
liquid when not inflated. Dropping the lagoon liquid level too low may lead to an
unsupported cover and possible cover stretching and cover damage. Recommended
operation level is 3-4 ft below top of berm to ensure adequate digester biomethane
production and ensure that the level does not exceed 2 ft below top of berm at any time
during operational deviances.
The digester liquid level should be monitored daily. Transfer pumps can be operated
manually or in timer mode. Normally, timer mode should be used as the pumps will
not normally run continuously. During the biogas production season, the liquid level
should be maintained at a higher level. As the production season slows down in the fall,
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the digester liquid level should be pumped down slowly to low pump level. This will
allow the maximum amount of manure to be stored during the off season and should be
allowed to fill back up to high level, before starting the transfer pump and discharging
liquid to evaporative lagoons.
Digester Cover Operation
8.1.1
The digester covers are a fully welded system that is integral with the lagoon liners.
Because of soil permeability, the 60-mil liner is utilized and fully welded to the 80-mil
lagoon cover at the perimeter. All cover, liner, and anchor trench sheet material is
HDPE which provides material toughness, flexibility, UV resistance, and water/gas
impermeability. The cover uses 6" grout filled HDPE piping at both the laterals and
center anchor trench. The Laterals are spaced on the order of 42-44 ft apart along the
entire length of the cover and are used to restrain gas movement from one side of the
cover to the other and avoid fast movement of the cover. Laterals are only effective
when they are substantially laying on the digester water operating level. The center
trench is comprised of two parallel pipes that run the center axis along the length. The
center trench is used to both restrain the cover upward movement and to provide an
area in which incident rainwater collects for easier pumping. An 8" corrugated
perimeter biogas collection header is installed around the entire circumference of the
digester cover to ensure generally equal gas inflation around the perimeter during low
gas production and low cover inflation.
The digester cover is a volumetric storage vessel, not a pressure vessel. The cover is
designed to contain the biogas emanating from the digester surface for collection into
the perimeter biogas header. The pressure under the cover operates at 0.0" w.c. (Water
column) to approximately 0.3" w.c. Pressure is not measured as it is immaterial to
operations.
In the event of power outage or emergency, there are two (2) 6" flanged emergency vent
ports directly on the cover, opposite of the swine barns. These ports have lug butterfly
valves and should be used with proper venting apparatus to ensure that the biogas is
vented at an elevation high enough to support safe operator opening and closure of the
valves.
Proper inflation of the digesters is critical to the reliable operation of the plant. A low
level of inflation ensures that ingress of air doesn't occur into the biogas which would
contaminate the gas with nitrogen and oxygen. 100% full inflation ensures that the
covers are in an optimal state for 24-hour net heat gain by the digester and prepared for
normal atmospheric wind conditions. This site has an annual hurricane season which
will involve strong storms and large amounts of rain. The direction below, addresses
normal, winter season, and hurricane season that are predicted. It is ultimately important
to continually monitor weather forecasts at least 5 days out and make any adjustments
in cover inflation in advance.
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The operations group should keep in mind the following items that affect the
performance of the cover.
• Laterals and center anchor trench piping is designed to control the movement
of the cover in all wind conditions. The grid of piping reinforces the cover in
both directions and also acts as a labyrinth in which gas has to pass when
moving during wind conditions, thus slowing the gas velocity and cover
movement.
• More cover contact with the water allows the cover to survive high wind
conditions due to the fact that water surface tension anchors the cover and there
is less volume of gas to move around the cover. Taut cover material also allows
the cover to withstand higher wind conditions.
• Less cover rise above the top of berm reduces the area of cover that wind exerts
force on. Less cover rise around the perimeter also reduces the cover profile
which in turn reduces the Bernoulli lifting mechanism on the cover in high
wind conditions (similar to a plane wing profile)
• HDPE has a relatively large coefficient of thermal expansion. The cover will
be much hotter during the day with sunlight exposure than at nighttime. Also,
radiant heat loss at night will condense water in the biogas space under the
cover, also reducing the total volume of gas under the cover. Methane, Carbon
Dioxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide do not condense but do decrease in volume as
an ideal gas. The volumetric difference in gas over a 24-hour period day to
night is due to the molar water volume in the biogas and biogas temperature
under the cover. The cover and laterals are designed for expansion and
contraction over all biogas ambient dry bulb temperatures between high and
low pump digester levels.
• As the perimeter of the digester is inflated less, less water will run off the cover
around the perimeter. This is beneficial to reduce the possibility of erosion of
the digester berms. Covers are easily pumped off with the Mixing Pumps to a
location several hundred feet from the berm.
The following digester cover operating guidance should be followed by plant operations
group:
1. In all operating conditions, the center rain trench piping shall be fully, 100%,
laying on the digester water surface.
2. In all operating conditions, the laterals shall be at minimum, substantially
laying on the digester water surface. Per operating modes below, maximum
15' of lateral at either end shall be suspended above the surface of the cover.
3. Digesters will produce gas at different rates. The blowers and A2000 piping is
designed to transfer gas between covers to maintain cover inflations within the
cover operating modes below while conserving biogas.
4. Anemometers are installed on the plant and accessible through Ignition. Each
Anemometer indicates wind speed up to 90mph and wind direction. Data is
recorded in the historian. Operators will monitor wind speed and use as
Page 15 of 17

s1
ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Register, NC RA270-22
Anaerobic Digester O&M
Revision: 0
Effective Date: 4/15/2024
necessary to refine operations compared with predicted winds at remote towns
based on the actual farm surrounding geography.
5. With A3000 fully operational, there is no reason to inventory biogas under the
covers beyond the operating modes detailed below.
Operating Modes:
1. Normal Operation:
a. Cover inflation around the perimeter is no higher than 6' above top of
berm. Inflation will generally vary between 3' to 6' based on wind
speed and direction.
b. Laterals are substantially on the digester water surface with end 10-15'
suspended and end cap at —2' off of liquid surface.
c. Gas cover between laterals is pillowed at nominal 2-4' above water
surface at peaks between the laterals.
d. Cover is tensioned but not tight. The cover will incrementally move in
the wind but with gentle local rolling effect.
e. This mode is applicable for winds sustained and gusts up to 50 mph
from all directions.
2. Winter Season Operation:
a. Cover inflation around the perimeter is no higher than 6' above top of
berm. Inflation will be generally 3' to 5' based on wind speed and
direction.
b. Laterals are fully on the digester water surface, including end cap.
c. Gas cover between laterals is not pillowed and flat on the water with
the exception of naturally occurring and sporadic cover rolls/channels.
d. Cover is tensioned but not tight. The cover will incrementally move in
the wind but with gentle local rolling effect.
e. This mode is applicable for winds sustained and gusts up to 65 mph
from all directions.
3. Hurricane / High Wind / Intense Storm Predicted:
a. Cover inflation around the perimeter is no higher than 3' above top of
berm. Nominal inflation above top of berm is 1.5' to 2'.
b. Laterals are fully on the digester water surface, including end cap.
c. Gas cover between laterals is not pillowed and flat on the water with
the exception of naturally occurring and sporadic cover rolls/channels.
d. Cover is tensioned but not tight. The cover will incrementally move in
the wind but with local rolling effect.
e. Cover will be flat extending from the ends of the laterals towards the
anchor trench for at least 20'.
f. This mode is applicable for winds sustained and gusts above 65 mph
from all directions. If winds are expected to exceed 75 mph, the
blowers (preferentially) and or emergency vents (if required) should be
used to evacuate substantially all gas.
Page 16 of 17

s1
ROESLEIN
ENGINEERS • MANUFACTURERS • CONSTRUCTORS
Register, NC RA270-22
Anaerobic Digester O&M
Revision: 0
Effective Date: 4/15/2024
Daily Checks
8.2.1
• Visually inspect the digester water operation level to ensure 3-4 ft of freeboard.
Work with the farm to adjust timers if required to bring the level back into target
range.
• Visually inspect the digester cover and quantify inflation level and laterals
position.
• Visually inspect and quantify area of digester cover occupied by water. Utilize
pumping systems to remove surface water from the center anchor trench.
Weekly Checks
8.3.1
Walk perimeter of digester checking for:
• Leaks via a gas monitor or methane detection device around the base of the
cover and the anchor trench. Use of soapy water from an orchard sprayer may
also be used to detect leaks during cool cover conditions and still wind.
• Torn ballast straps or laterals that are not aligned straight.
• Settling or erosion around berm
• Any running equipment for an uncharacteristic operating state (noise/vibration)
• Sample cover rainwater to determine if it is "hot" aka contains dissolved
ammonia because contaminated cover water is an indication of a possible
digester cover leak and will need to be pumped under the cover.
• Trash and foreign matter on the cover can cause problems with normal
operation. If debris becomes wedged between the ballast weight and cover it is
possible for punctures to occur. Additionally, foreign matter can cause the rain
collection channels to become blocked and disrupt flow of the rainwater. All
operators and contractors working on top of the digester should be cognizant
of the perimeter rock and make sure not to kick the rock into the digester.
Furthermore, a yearly pre -season inspection should occur to inspect for and
remove any debris along the entire length of ballasts.
Page 17 of 17

Sampling protocol and schedule for Monarch sites
Date: 10/08/2024
Sample collection at all sites should be done using the sampling protocol outlined below. A submittal sheet will be sent to the person in charge
of sampling prior to sampling. The respective person is responsible for print submittal forms, conducting sampling, label samples as per submittal
form, safely storing (refrigerated containers during storage) and shipping samples to the respective lab (instructions on submittal form)
Required accessories:
1. Telescopic sampler extendable to 18 feet and the pendulum beaker
2. Gloves and sampling containers
3. Ice packs.
4. Sampling submittal forms
5. Safety supplies
During sampling event two people should be responsible while supporting tasks (shipping etc.) can be conducted by the person in charge alone.

Sampling protocol for digester samples
1. Influent and effluent samples are intended to be collected for all sites from shortlisted digesters on a quarterly basis. Sampling to be
conducted by two persons at the site.
2. Label all sampling containers with respective sampling ids.
3. The influent sample must be collected from a "cleanout" just prior to entering the lagoon using the telescopic sampler and 5-gallon
bucket while following all site -specific safety policies, including Lagoon Access Safety Procedure
4. The effluent sample must be collected from the crossover pipe/wet well using the telescopic sampler and 5-gallon bucket while following
all site -specific safety policies, including Lagoon Access Safety Procedure
5. Procedure for sample collection from a Cross over pipe
a. On opening the valve on crossover pipe it is recommended to allow enough time to pass such that the standing debris in the
pipe is flushed out and a good representative sample can be collected.
b. Collect 3 x 500 mL samples using the sampler into a clean 5-gallon bucket.
c. Repeat this procedure 2 more times, while collecting all the samples into the same 5-gallon bucket.
d. Allow sufficient time between two collection events such that pipe contents are flushed.
e. At the end of the sampling event, you may have — 1.3-1.5-gallon sample, homogenize the contents of the bucket gently mixing
using the sampler and the pendulum beaker on the sampler.
6. Sampling for sample collection from a wet well or cleanout.
a. Using the telescopic sampler (beaker attached to the rod) gently homogenize contents of the wet well.
b. Collect 6-8 beakers of sample into a 5-gallon bucket from different areas of the wet well/cleanout to get a representative sample.
c. Gently homogenize the contents of the bucket.
7. Grab a sample from the homogenized mixture to fill the labeled sampling container (influent or effluent) and put the container cap
tightly ensuring a watertight seal.
8. If the samples are to be stored for more than 2 hours before shipping, store them in a refrigerator preferably 40C or lower.
9. If refrigeration is not available use frozen icepacks to cool the samples and replace icepacks at regular intervals, store the samples in a
well -ventilated space.
10. DO NOT STORE SAMPLES IN REFRIGERATORS MEANT FOR FOOD STORAGE
11. Ship samples to the lab (details in the submittal form) to deliver overnight. Include ice packs in the shipping box to keep samples cool
during transit.

Sampling protocol for lagoon liquid samples (Secondary lagoon)
1. Lagoon liquid samples are intended to be collected from all the open lagoons at every site on a quarterly basis.
2. Label all sampling containers with respective sampling ids. (Refer sample list for Sample IDs)
3. The sample must be collected from the multiple spots (6-8) in the open lagoon using the telescopic sampler and 5-gallon bucket while
following all site -specific safety policies, including Lagoon Access Safety Procedure
4. Use the 18 feet telescopic sampler to reach lagoon water surface from the berm, it is needed that the sampling in charge is accompanied
by another operator onsite for this sampling for ease of equipment handling and safety.
5. Collect 2 x 500 mL samples at each spot, using the sampler into a clean 5-gallon bucket.
6. Repeat this procedure at all 6-8 randomly chosen spots along with periphery of the lagoon, collect all the samples into the same 5-gallon
bucket.
7. At the end of the sampling event, you may have — 1.3-1.5-gallon sample, homogenize the contents of the bucket gently mixing using the
sampler and the pendulum beaker on the sampler.
8. Grab a sample from the homogenized mixture to fill the labeled sampling container and put the container cap tightly ensuring a
water/airtight seal.
9. If the samples are to be stored for more than 2 hours before shipping, store them in a refrigerator preferably 4C or lower or use frozen
icepacks to cool the samples in a small container and replace icepacks at regular intervals, store the samples is a well -ventilated space.
10. DO NOT STORE SAMPLES IN REFRIGERATORS MEANT FOR FOOD STORAGE
11. Ship samples to the lab (details in the submittal form) to deliver overnight. Include ice packs in the shipping box to keep samples cool
during transit.

Sludge survey and sampling from secondary lagoon
1. The secondary lagoon, source of sludge, will be examined for sludge levels once every year.
2. Sludge levels in the covered digesters will be examined once every year appropriate sludge management plans will be put in place to
keep sludge levels in the digester under control.
3. Sludge sampling, from the secondary lagoon, will be conducted during sludge management events to determine sludge composition
especially nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients.
4. This sampling protocol is intended to help evaluate progression of sludge level in the secondary lagoon and covered digester and ensure
agronomic land application as per nutrient management guidelines.
5. Sludge sampling will be conducted using a sludge judge, while sludge surveys will be conducted using sonar devices that can be remotely
controlled from the berm following all site -specific safety policies, including Lagoon Access Safety Procedure.

Recommended analysis
Table 1 Recommended tests for lagoon/digester effluent sampling
Digester effluent, secondary lagoon effluent and sludge testing
Manure package
Eff-MMDDYY
Inff-MMDDYY
Nitrogen, Ammonium Nitrogen,
Organic Nitrogen, Phosphate, Potash,
Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium,
Manganese, Sodium, Sulfur, Zinc,
Moisture/Total Solids, Total Salts, pH
VS
Alkalinity
Volatile organic acids
COD
BOD5
Total testing cost
Amongst the manure package T5, Ammonium nitrogen, pH are mandatory tests and if done separately cost more than the package.
Table 2 Optional tests for lagoon/digester effluent sampling
ate
Sulfate
Sulfide
EC
Carbon

ROESLEIN
Location — Monarch Bioenergy — Donna Smith Farm, Albertson, NC
In the event of an environmental release, there are four critical steps to follow:
1. Stop the flow— attempt to stop the source of the release.
DOCUMENT WILL BE FILLED OUT
AS PART OF AS -BUILT SUBMISSION
Policy
Spill Response —Policy
Revision: 1
Effective Date: 11/21/2023
• Try to keep the spill from becoming worse. If there is a way to stop the spill or minimize it becoming worse,
take those actions. These may be actions such as closing valves or shutting down a system, depending on
the source.
2. Contain the release.
• Take steps to keep the spill from spreading to other areas or entering ditches or freshwater.
• Depending on the situation, this may mean using equipment to create a barrier/berm; putting down some
type of absorbent material or neutralizer; or other materials to create a perimeter.
3. Report the release immediately to the following:
Name
Title
Phone Number
-
Owner Operator —Farm Name
-
Seth Renfro
Director of Operations
660-654-1656
TBD
On -site Operations Manager
TBD
Jerri Ann Garrett
EHS Manager
660-425-4861
Be prepared to provide the following information when you call:
• Where is the release located (be specific)?
• What kind of release is it (be specific)?
• Approximately how much was released.
• Has the release left the property?
• Has the release encountered surface water, ground water, a drainage tile or intake, or other potentially
freshwater areas?
• Has the source of the release been stopped?
• Is the release contained?
An environmental spill is a discharge of one or more hazardous substances that adversely impact, or threaten to
adversely impact human health, welfare, or the environment and requires and immediate response.
Ensure all discovered environmental releases are reported immediately to Roeslein and Donna Smith Farm.
Hazardous substance releases in which will reach waters of the state must be reported to the state within 8
hours, therefore, it's important to ensure Roeslein and Donna Smith Farm are notified immediately.
4. Clean up the spill — If the spill was not caused by Roeslein, Donna Smith Farm will be responsible forcleanup.
*Note: There is a passive overflow line from the water management wet well to the evaporation lagoon at 1.5'
free board. If the water management pumps are not working, the lagoon effluent will overflow into the
evaporation lagoon.
5. ALL ON -SITE EMPLOYEES SHALL FOLLOW APPLICABLE SECTIONS OF `COMMON SITE PRACTICES FOR ON FARM
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION SYSTEM'— SEE ATTACHED
Page 1 of 1
hupsJ/prideconveyancesys.sharepoint.com/sites/RAESafeuyGroup/Shared Documents/Environmental/Milford SPLocations Spill Response Procedures 091423.docx Printed: 9/15/2023 7:23 AM

Common Safety Practices
for On -Farm Anaerobic
Digestion Systems
December 2011

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................... I
2.0 SAFETY HAZARDS FOR ANAEROBIC DIGESTION...........................................................1
2.1 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS............................................................................. 2
2.1.1 Drowning............................................................................................................... 2
2.1.2 Fall protection........................................................................................................ 2
2.1.3 Burns...................................................................................................................... 3
2.1.4 Entanglement hazard.............................................................................................. 3
2.1.5 Feedstock and digestate spills................................................................................ 4
2.1.6 Mechanical failures................................................................................................ 4
2.1.7 Lockout/Tagout......................................................................................................5
2.1.8 Ignition sources...................................................................................................... 5
2.1.9 Noise levels............................................................................................................6
2.2 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY............................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 Definition............................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Confined space training, certification, and rescue plan ......................................... 8
2.2.3 Inspect atmosphere prior to entry........................................................................... 9
2.2.4 Safety equipment.................................................................................................... 9
2.3 HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH BIOGAS...................................................................10
2.3.1 Asphyxiants ...........................................
10
2.3.2 Immediately dangerous to life and health............................................................11
2.3.3 Explosion potential.............................................................................................. 11
2.4 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM HAZARDS..............................................................................12
2.4.1 High voltage.........................................................................................................12
2.4.2 Low voltage.........................................................................................................12
2.4.3 Electrical fires...................................................................................................... 13

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
3.0 MAINTAINING A SAFE WORKING ENVIRONMENT.......................................................13
3.1 EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN......................................................................................13
3.1.1 Directions to AD facility......................................................................................14
3.1.2 Contact information.............................................................................................14
3.1.3
Site map...............................................................................................................15
3.1.4
State and local health and safety requirements....................................................15
3.1.5
Equipment vendor manuals..................................................................................15
3.2 SAFETY AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT................................................................15
3.2.1
Anaerobic digester facility(onsite)......................................................................15
3.2.2
Locally (able to be onsite within a few hours) .....................................................
16
3.2.3 Baseline environmental conditions......................................................................16
3.3 ELECTRICAL.................................................................................................................. 17
3.3.1 Daily inspections.................................................................................................. 17
3.3.2 Switches, controllers, fuses, and breaker panels..................................................17
3.3.3 Roles of operators................................................................................................18
3.3.4 Visitors on site..................................................................................................... 18
3.4 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.....................................................................18
3.5 ACCIDENT PREVENTION SIGNS AND TAGS...........................................................18
3.6 PERSONNEL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS...............................................................19
4.0 CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................19
5.0 REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................20

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Several safety hazards exist when converting manure and organic residuals (non -farm
feedstock) into energy using anaerobic digestion (AD) technology. These hazards can cause
serious bodily harm and in some
circumstances, can be fatal. Common hazards I Figure 1: Safety signage on AD feed system
associated with AD systems include drowning,
electric shock, and noise exposure. However,
biogas and its constituents, many of which are
colorless and odorless, can unknowingly
expose operators and visitors to hazards such
as asphyxiation and burns due the flammable
nature of methane. Workers must take
proper precautions when handling and storing
organic material and managing the
production of electricity and combustible
gases.
The purpose of this document is to identify
the major hazards associated with an AD
facility and outline basic practices that will
help maintain a safe and successful working
environment. The intended audience for this
guide is owners and operators, and the guide
is not intended to replace safety training or
instruction, but rather enhance it.
2.0 SAFETY HAZARDS FOR
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
The following sections identify major hazards that can exist with an AD facility. These include:
• General safety precautions
• Hazards associated with biogas
• Confined space entry
• Electrical system hazards
Figure 1 shows a feed hopper for an anaerobic digester with a dozen warning signs, including
fall, entanglement, and explosion potential.
1

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.1 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The following sections describe general safety concerns associated with AD facilities.
2.1.1 Drowning
Liquid tanks and ponds for storage pose a drowning threat.
Whenever a drowning potential exists, ring buoys, ropes, or
ladders should be readily available for rescue purposes
(Occupational Safety and Health Administration [OSHA],
2002). The drowning risk is highest when employees are
servicing equipment located in digester or storage tanks.
Accidental drowning can occur when people unfamiliar with
the farm and manure handling system mistakenly enter
storage structures. Slipping on a synthetic liner or walking
on crusted manure storage are examples of situations that
can lead to accidental drowning. OSHA suggests posting
signs similar to the one shown in Figure 2 and erecting
fences around manure storage structures to reduce the
potential of an individual or animal unknowingly entering
one.
Figure 2: Manure storage
warning sign in English and
Spanish
LIQUID
MANURE
STORAGE
ALMACEMAJ E
DE ETIt-ROL
00U.111120
Jrs_
If an individual is drowning, the first step should be to call 911, followed by a rescue attempt
using a life preserver, rope, or ladder. The presence of biogas—an asphyxiant that can cause a
person to pass out —can increase the potential of manure storage drowning. (Biogas hazards
are discussed in greater detail in Section 2.3.) Individuals attempting to rescue a drowning
individual should never enter a manure storage structure because they could also be overcome
by the poor air quality.
2.1.2 Fall protection
Serious injuries can result from falls of any distance. When possible, employees should perform
maintenance work from the ground. At most AD facilities, however, multiple elevated locations
are present. For example, equipment on the top of aboveground AD tanks are 10 to 25 feet off
the ground. According to the OSHA general industry standard any "time a worker is at a height
of four feet or more, the worker is at risk and needs to be protected" (OSHA, 2008A). Fall
protection, such as guardrails, a safety harness (also discussed in Section 2.2.4), and self -
retracting lifelines, should be used when an employee is above the 4-foot threshold (API, 2006).
The enclosed fixed ladder and guardrail system on the feedstock storage tank shown in Figure 3
complies with OSHA fall protection standards.

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
Another common example of a fall risk is shown in
Figure 4, where a ladder is leaned against a feedstock
storage tank. The two concerns with the situation
presented in Figure 4 are: (1) the tank height is
approximately 10 feet and (2) there are no securing
devices or slip resistant feet on the ladder, nor is
there a rope to secure the top. When ladders are
used to access elevated equipment, they should be
secured and supervised at all times. Once the ladder
is no longer needed, it should be removed.
2.1.3 Burns
Throughout an AD facility, pipes containing hot fluids
or exhaust gas can pose potential burn hazards.
Other potential sources of burns are heat exchangers,
boilers, pumps, or engine generators, where
temperatures can exceed 160°F. Simply rubbing up
against a heat exchanger or accidently placing a hand
on a hot pipe can result in serious burns. All
Figure 3: Permanent ladder and
guardrail on feedstock storage tank
employees and visitors to the AD facility should be cautioned not to touch any equipment or
pipelines.
When possible, hot surfaces should be identified as burn hazards, and all pipes should be
clearly labeled to indicate the contents,
Figure 4: Ladder leaning on feedstock storage
tank
flow direction, temperature, and pressure.
Insulation should be used to encase the
pipe and reduce the potential for
accidental burns. Figures 5 and 6 provide
examples of pipeline insulation and
labeling.
2.1.4 Entanglement hazard
Pumps, augers, impeller mixers, chains,
drive shafts, and other machinery pose
entanglement hazards due to pinch points
and other moving parts. In most AD
systems, the primary exposure to
entanglement is the unguarded driveshaft
3

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
of a pump. To reduce the entanglement risk,
all equipment safety guards should be in
place and individuals should tie back long
hair and avoid wearing loose -fitting clothing
and jewelry.
2.1.5 Feedstock and digestate spills
Figure 5: Insulated and labeled hot water
pipes
Feedstock (any organic material entering the eYi URN
digester) and digestate (any material exiting E
the digester) should be carefully transferred
and contained. In the event of a major ` I
feedstock or digestate spill, workers should
exercise caution when containing the f --
material. The first step should be to control pp��
the source causing the spill. Once this is'55'°`U°
achieved, workers should contain the spill by V
constructing temporary containment
structures around the affected area. Excavation equipment such as bulldozers and backhoes
should be readily available for this purpose. Isolating the spill reduces potential damage to
nearby buildings and contamination of surface
Figure 6: Biogas pipeline indicating waters and sensitive areas. After containing the
temperature and flow direction spill, the facility should notify the proper
authorities (as defined by state -specific permits), to
comply with all applicable local, state, and federal
regulations. For non -farm feedstocks, such as food
waste, the spill -reporting agency should be clearly
identified on all records related to the material,
including material safety data sheets (MSDS) and
manifest logs indicating the date, quantity, and
material (feedstock) brought onto the farm. The
final step in spill response is site cleanup and
restoration.
2.1.6 Mechanical failures
In the event of a mechanical failure, workers should reference the vendor manuals to
troubleshoot the issue. Vendor manuals for mechanical machinery should be organized and
included in the emergency action plan, which is discussed in Section 3.1. Only trained staff
4

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
should be permitted to repair digester equipment. Operators should use lockout/tagout
procedures (see Section 2.1.7) during all mechanical equipment repairs.
To avoid mechanical failures, the system operator, with support from the technology provider,
should develop a preventative maintenance manual for the site.
2.1.7 Lockout/ragout
According to OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910.147,
lockout/tagout refers to the specific "practices and
procedures to safeguard employees from the
unexpected energization or startup of machinery and
equipment, or the release of hazardous energy during
service or maintenance activities" (OSHA, 2007A).
Simply stated, before an employee services a piece of
electrical equipment, the power supply should be
turned off and the employee should place a padlock on
the power supply. The padlock serves to prevent
someone else from accidently re -energizing the
equipment being serviced. The lock should have a tag
on it identifying the individual who locked out the
Figure 7: Electrical panel turned off
and locked out
equipment. In Figure 7, one of the four electrical breakers shown is turned off (disengaged) and
locked out. Once a piece of equipment has been locked out, the only individual with the
authority to unlock that piece of equipment is the person who initially locked it out.
Employees should follow this practice every time they service any electrical or electrically
powered equipment. OSHA estimates that compliance with lockout/tagout procedures
prevents an estimated 120 fatalities and 50,000 injuries each year in the United States (2007A).
2.1.8 Ignition sources
Biogas generated during anaerobic digestion is flammable. Over the past couple of years,
several AD systems have been damaged or destroyed by fires fueled with biogas. While no
specific setbacks or standards have been established for biogas, facilities should observe
standards for similar systems. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established a
range of setback distances for liquid propane (LP) fuel based on storage capacity (2009). For LP
gas, the setback ranges from 10 feet for small storage devices (<500 gal water capacity) to 100
feet for large storage systems (>70,000 gal water capacity).

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
Smoking and open flames should be prohibited in
the general vicinity of the digester and a setback
distance of 25 to 50 feet is suggested for all
possible ignition sources to reduce the potential
for fire or explosion. Ignition sources can include
(but are not limited to) light switches, electric
motors, pilot flames, and cell phones. Facilities
should designate smoking areas at least 50 feet
from the digester system to ensure that visitors
and employees do not inadvertently create an
ignition source. Signs, like the one shown in Figure
8, should also be used to warn all individuals of
the explosion or fire risk associated with AD
systems.
The National Electric Code (NEC, 2005) dictates
that electrical wiring near combustible gas must
conform with the Class 1, Division 1 hazardous
location standard. Biogas is combustible, so the
Figure 8: Explosion potential sign
hazardous location standard should be applied to AD systems' electrical wiring.
For repairs requiring open flames or electric spark, ventilation should be provided such that
methane levels are maintained below a safe level, as discussed in Section 2.3.3.
Figure 9: Gen set enclosure with hearing
protection warning sign
2.1.9 Noise levels
Exposure to high levels of noise can
result in discomfort or short-term
hearing loss. In extreme cases, or if the
noise exposure occurs over a long
period of time, permanent hearing loss
can occur. The main source of high
noise levels is the engine generator set
(gen set). Actual decibel (dB) levels
produced at an AD facility will differ due
to varying acoustical settings, but a gen
set can produce between 100 —140 dB
(Fenton, 2011). The facility is required
to supply noise protection devices, such
N.

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
as earplugs, to employees and visitors who are exposed to high noise levels (OSHA, 200813) (See
Table 1). Handheld decibel meters are widely available and provide an inexpensive method to
quickly determine the noise level. Also, OSHA encourages posting signs indicating "hearing
protection is required in this area." (See Figure 9).
Table 1: Safe maximum allowable decibel level (OSHA, 2008B)
Duration per day (hours)
Sound level (dB)
(as measured with a sound level meter set on slow response
8
90
6
92
4
95
3
97
2
100
1.5
102
1
105
0.5
110
0.25
115
2.2 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
Constituents of biogas, including carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen sulfide, present the
potential for both asphyxiation and fire or explosion in confined spaces. It is important to
remember that even a few gallons of manure or other organic material in a tank or confined
space can pose a serious health risk under
Figure 10: Basic confined space warning sign
the right conditions. A recent example of
confined space entry fatality occurred in
July of 2010 when two farm employees died
while cleaning a storage tank similar to the
one shown in Figure 4 (Michigan
Department of Energy, Labor and Economic
Growth [MEDLEG]). Signs should be used to
alert employees and visitors when confined
space entry risks exist. Figure 10 shows an
example of a standard confined space
warning sign. The following background
PELIGR
"Elm:
CONFINED
SPACE
ESPACIO LIMATADO
information and guidelines are intended to promote a safe working environment when
confined space is involved.
7

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.2.1 Definition
"Confined space" is defined by OSHA as "having a limited or restricted means of entry or exit;
large enough to bodily enter and perform tasks; and lastly, not designed for continuous
occupancy." Currently, state -by -state standards vary for permit -required confined spaces
training for agriculture; however, confined spaces are widely recognized as a common hazard.
Confined spaces include, but are not limited to, tanks, pits, silos, underground vaults, storage
bins, and manholes (MDELEG, 2010).
2.2.2 Confined space training, certification, and rescue plan
Employees associated with AD systems or who manage organic residuals MUST be trained in
confined space entry to maintain a safe working environment (Gould, 2010). Several cases have
resulted in fatalities due to a lack of understanding of the hazards associated with confined
spaces. As discussed earlier, two farm employees died when they were overcome by a lack of
oxygen while cleaning a feedstock storage tank (MDELEG, 2010). The employees were power
washing a tank that contained only 6 to 8 inches of molasses residue, which had sat unused for
five to six months. By conducting basic employee education and strictly adhering to OSHA
confined space entry guidelines, facilities can provide a safe working environment for farm
employees.
Currently, OSHA does not require farms to offer
specific training for confined space entry;
however, it is the employer's responsibility to
educate employees in order to maintain a safe
working environment. When entering a confined
space, the "buddy system" should be used, in
which any person entering a confined space is
monitored from a safe distance by a second
person. The employee entering the confined
space must wear a harness attached to a
retraction device that the second employee can
activate to pull the individual to safety in an
emergency.
The facility should develop a rescue plan for
emergency confined space entry situations. This
plan should describe the use of the safety
Figure 11: Handheld multi -gas detectors
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equipment in emergency situations, the actions to be taken, and the personnel responsible for
each action. The plan may also include training and certification information.
RI

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.2.3 Inspect atmosphere prior to entry
Before entering a confined space, a worker must test the atmosphere inside the space, as
required by OSHA general industry standard 1910.146 (1998). The person can perform this
testing using a handheld multi -gas detector capable of detecting oxygen, carbon monoxide,
hydrogen sulfide, and lower explosive limits (LEL) levels. Several models of multi -gas detectors
are shown in Figure 11. When testing the atmosphere within a confined space, the employee
should remain outside in a safe location. Many multi -gas detectors are equipped with an
extension hose for this purpose.
In compliance with standards (OSHA, 1998), the employee should test for the following:
Oxygen level: above 19.5 percent by volume air
2. Methane: below 5 percent by volume of air
3. Hydrogen sulfide level: below 20 parts per million (ppm)
If any of the above conditions are not met, the atmosphere is deemed hazardous and should
not be entered by any personnel until forced ventilation has eliminated the hazardous
conditions. During entry, continuous ventilation with an explosion -proof blower will ensure that
fresh air is displacing any hazardous air that may be trapped in the confined space. Workers
must maintain and calibrate this equipment
according to the manufacturer's
recommendation in order to effectively monitor
atmospheric conditions.
2.2.4 Safety equipment
When entering a confined space, an employee
should wear a safety harness attached to a
winch or pulley outside of the pit. Examples of
safety harnesses and a winch are shown in
Figure 12. This safety precaution, allows a
coworker to assist a trapped employee without
having to enter the space in the event of an
emergency.
A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
should be used only in emergency situations.
Figure 12: Safety harnesses, ropes, and a
chain fall at an AD facility

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
Figure 13 shows a basic backpack -style SCBA with fitted facemask. Any employee using a SCBA
must be properly trained and fitted for using the equipment. For an individual to become
certified in confined space entry, they should consult the
State approved OSHA administration.
2.3 HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH BIOGAS
AD biogas is composed of three main constituents:
methane, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide. Each of
these gases can be dangerous under certain circumstances.
Common hazards associated with biogas include
asphyxiation and fire or explosion potential.
Overall, it is always a good idea to test the atmosphere
when biogas may be present as well as maintain proper
ventilation. Workers can use a handheld multi -gas detector,
similar to one of those shown in Figure 11, to determine if
hazardous levels of biogas are present. Low-cost detectors
will simply identify dangerous level of biogas, while higher
end detectors can report specific concentrations of the
primary biogas components.
2.3.1 Asphyxiants
Gases that prevent the uptake of oxygen into human cells
Figure 13: Self-contained
breathing apparatus
Irnage fro rnhttlX;' ,-r::::.enriSUPPI .corn/
are referred to as asphyxiants. There are two categories of
asphyxiants: simple and chemical. A simple asphyxiant displaces oxygen, and chemical
asphyxiants "reduce the body's ability to absorb, transport, or utilize inhaled oxygen.
Asphyxiants are often active at very low concentrations (a few ppm)" (Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, 2008). Asphyxiant gases are present wherever there is storage of an
organic material; therefore, manure pits or any other areas for organic material storage
become potentially dangerous. Following are the various asphyxiants that are typical
constituents of biogas.
• Simple asphyxiants —carbon dioxide and methane
• Chemical asphyxiants — ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
10

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.3.2 Immediately dangerous to life and health
Within confined spaces and other covered areas, the potential exists for atmospheric
concentrations to develop that become immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH). An
IDLH condition can be defined as an atmospheric concentration of any toxic, corrosive, or
asphyxiant substance (simple or chemical) that "poses an immediate threat to life or would
cause irreversible or delayed adverse health effects or would interfere with an individual's
ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere" (OSHA, 2008C). Following are the main IDLH
concerns when handling the production of biogas (Center
for Disease Control and Prevention, 1995).
• Oxygen deficiency — less than 19.5 percent by
volume air
• Hydrogen sulfide — more than 100 ppm
• Ammonia — more than 300 ppm
• Carbon dioxide — more than 40,000 ppm
Signs similar to the one shown in Figure 14 should be used
to alert employees and visitors of the potential for IDLH
conditions. Areas prone to these conditions include
structures housing the gen set or boiler, below grade pump
chambers, and biogas storage devices.
Figure 14: Sign indicating IDLH
potential
DEADLY MANURE GASES POSSIBLE
DEATH
MAY BE IMMEDIATE!
ENTER PITONLY WITH:
• SELF-CONTAINED AIR SUPPLY
• VENTILATION
• RESCUE HARNESS, MECHANICAL
LIFT, STAND-BY PERSON
A simple and convenient way to ensure the safety of an area's atmosphere is by installing a
wall -mounted sensor that can detect hazardous gases (e.g., methane, LEL, hydrogen sulfide,
carbon monoxide). In the event that a hazardous gas sensor is triggered, the emergency action
plan (see Section 3) should be implemented.
2.3.3 Explosion potential
Methane, the main component of biogas, is flammable
when it mixes with air. Upper and lower explosive limits
(LEL) are established to provide an identifiable range of
concentrations that will produce a flash fire when an
ignition source is presented. The LEL is often referred to as
a flammable limit. For methane, the lower and upper
explosive limit is 5 percent and 15 percent by volume of
air, respectively (Linde Gas LLC, 1995).
Figure 1S: Safety signs posted
at AD facility
11

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.4 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM HAZARDS
The generation of large quantities of electricity at an AD facility creates electrical hazards, most
of which can be found near the gen set, transformer, and electrical panels. The only personnel
with the authority to service and repair electrical systems are licensed electricians. In addition,
the facility should post signs identifying general electrical hazards near the electrical generation
system (see Figure 15 for an example of basic signage).
2.4.1 High voltage
Any electrical source above 600 volts is
considered high voltage (NEC, 2005). Typically,
transmission lines from the transformer are the
source of the highest voltage on a farm. A
transformer is a piece of machinery used to
increase the voltage, allowing for more efficient
transport of the electricity. When dealing with
such high voltage, the main hazard is contact
with exposed leads, which could be fatal. Figure
16 shows exposed lead transformers commonly
used on utility poles. Ground -mounted
transformers used on farms and at AD facilities
are typically enclosed like the one shown in
Figure 16: Standard electrical
transformer with exposed leads
Figure 17. Enclosed transformers should remain sealed
Figure 17: Enclosed electrical and locked at all times, and only a licensed electrician
transformer should perform transformer maintenance.
V; 2.4.2 Low voltage
All electrical sources less than 600 volts are considered
-----E n low voltage (NEC, 2005). Typically, switches,
- controllers, fuses, breakers, wall outlets, and electrical
panels are considered low -voltage devices. One major
hazard associated with electrical panels is arcing, which
" occurs when electricity from an energized source
jumps a gap of air and discharges into an adjacent conductive surface, typically metal. If an
individual happens to be in the pathway of the arc, they can be seriously burned or killed. Cover
plates are used to contain arcing by shielding the employee from any potential harm.
Therefore, the facility should ensure that the proper cover plates are intact and correctly in
place on the panel or outlet.
12

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
2.4.3 Electrical fires
In the event of an electrical fire, the person fighting the fire should use an ABC classified multi-
purpose fire extinguisher rather than a water -based fire extinguisher, which could result in
electrocution. If possible, the electricity should be shut off to the facility before fighting the fire.
The facility should train operators to identify the difference between electrical fires and
ordinary combustible fires (Wallenwine, 2011).
3.0 MAINTAINING A SAFE WORKING ENVIRONMENT
AD facilities can provide a safe working environment, as long as proper safety measures are
taken. The following sections present recommended steps for maintaining a safe working
environment at AD facilities, adapted from the self -assessment guide prepared by Nellie Brown
(2007), titled "Conducting a Safety Walk-through on a Farm: Hazards of the Manure Handling
System, Anaerobic Digester, and Biogas Handling System" and the emergency action plan
requirements of the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program.
3.1 EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
In most states, AD facilities are required to have emergency action plans (EAP) as part of their
NPDES permits. A major objective of an EAP is to develop response protocols to specific
emergencies so that if an accident occurs the facility will conduct the appropriate actions in the
correct sequence. As a general recommendation, each situation should be broken down into
the following components.
Assess the extent of damage in the following order:
a. Human health
b. Environmental health
C. Mechanical integrity
2. Correct the problem immediately if possible.
3. Contact the appropriate agencies and personnel to resolve the problem.
The contents of an EAP should be well organized in a binder or an electronic file and distributed
to all employees so that they are informed of the proper safety protocols. The facility should
provide local emergency departments with a copy of the EAP and invite them for a tour of the
operation so they can become familiar with the facility. Also, the facility should post a copy in a
highly visible area where visitors enter the facility.
13

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
To maintain an effective EAP, the facility should perform an annual review of the document to
keep it up to date. Conducting annual training sessions will ensure that employees have a basic
understanding of the EAP. The following sections present the recommended content to be
included in an EAP.
3.1.1 Directions to AD facility
Often, the AD facility is not clearly visible from the main road, especially if it is located in an
agricultural setting. Therefore, detailed driving directions from the closest major road,
intersection, or town to the physical location of the AD facility should be included in the EAP.
3.1.2 Contact information
The EAP should provide a list of emergency and non -emergency contacts, including the job title
and cell phone number of each person. Recommended contacts are:
• Farm or AD owner
• AD operators
• Emergency and nonemergency responders
o Fire department
o Poison control
o Law enforcement
o Hospital
• Electric and gas utilities
• Contractors
o Electrical
o Excavation
o Mechanical
• State health and safety officials
Contact information should identify the appropriate after-hours emergency contact
information as well. The contact list should be posted in multiple locations throughout the AD
facility and farm so that in the event of an emergency, there is quick and easy access to this
information. It is important that the contact list be updated routinely to make sure all
information is current.
14

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
In many rural locations, calling 911 may not be the best method for reaching emergency
responders. On an annual basis, the AD operator or owner should host a site tour with the local
fire, ambulance, and sheriff departments. The purpose of this tour would be to familiarize
emergency responders with the site and system, as well as identify the most direct contact
method in the event of an emergency.
3.1.3 Site map
The EAP should include a detailed site map that identifies and labels relevant structures and
major equipment (e.g., flare, gen set, boiler) at the AD facility, as well as the location of
emergency equipment. It should also clearly identify the locations of biogas supply shutoff
valves and the primary electrical disconnect and control panel.
3.1.4 State and local health and safety requirements
The EAP should include the federal and state health and safety regulations for the facility, as
well as all OSHA documents, guidelines, and certifications, including confined space entry
training documents. In addition, MSDS for non -farm feedstock and any chemical or biological
additives should be included in the EAP and posted at the facility so that employees can have
quick access to the information.
3.1.5 Equipment vendor manuals
The EAP should include the vendor manuals for all equipment at the AD facility. These materials
should be well organized so that in the case of a mechanical failure, an operator can locate and
reference a specific vendor manual quickly and easily.
3.2 SAFETY AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
The following sections list recommended supplies and equipment an AD facility should have
available for normal daily operation or in the event of an emergency. The list is divided into
supplies and equipment to be maintained on site, so employees can access it within minutes,
and equipment that should be locally available and could be delivered to the site within a few
hours. A logbook of equipment inspections and expiration dates and the equipment manuals
should be located with the safety equipment.
3.2.1 Anaerobic digester facility (onsite)
• Personal protective equipment
o Gloves
o Safety glasses
15

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
o Hearing protection
o SCBA (provided employees are properly trained and fitted for using the
equipment).
• First aid kit
• Fire extinguishers (ABC)
• Explosion -proof instruments (e.g., flashlight, ventilation blower, hand tools)
• Rigging equipment for rescue of a person
o Hoist, winch, or pulley
o Safety harness
• Multi -gas detector with extension hose
• Ring buoy
• Shovel
3.2.2 Locally (able to be onsite within a few hours)
• Excavation equipment (e.g., bull dozer, backhoe, excavator)
• SCBA and trained individual
3.2.3 Baseline environmental conditions
During startup and for the first 6 to 12 months of use, operators should collect operational
parameters and air quality measurements around the AD facility on a weekly basis to establish
baseline/normal operating conditions. Basic operational parameters should include pressure
and temperature readings on pipelines where gauges are installed. Using a handheld multi -gas
meter, employees should check the air quality inside all structures or rooms, along with the
conditions in below -grade pump chambers, near the base of digester tanks, and along biogas
pipelines. At a minimum, the concentration levels of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, and
methane should be measured and recorded. By establishing baseline operating conditions, the
AD operator has a point of reference for troubleshooting operational problems and
determining when hazardous conditions are developing or already exist.
16

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
3.3 ELECTRICAL
The following section provides common practices to help maintain safety by reducing the
potential for electrical hazards that may occur at an AD facility.
3.3.1 Daily inspections
The AD facility should instruct operators to perform
daily inspections of the electrical system. This
inspection should include, but not be limited to, the
following:
• Conduit connections to panels
• Panel cover integrity
• Conduit integrity
• Exposed and damaged wires
• Corrosion of wires
• Signs of electrical overheating
If there is any sign of the aforementioned problems,
operators should contact the site manager or a
licensed electrician to resolve the issue. Figure 18
shows a corroded electrical control panel that an
Figure 18: Corrosion on an electrical
control panel
operator should identify for repair during daily inspections. The operator should not attempt to
fix the problem unless he or she is the appointed licensed electrician for the facility.
3.3.2 Switches, controllers, fuses, and breaker panels
Electrical panels should not be obstructed by any object that would impede the accessibility of
the panel itself. For example, temporarily placing a 55-gallon drum below a circuit breaker or
installing a pump below a control panel would impede accessibility. Moreover, electrical panels
should always be visible so that emergency responders can locate them easily. This becomes
imperative when an electrician unfamiliar with the facility needs to turn off the power quickly
in an emergency situation.
All electrical panels should be well labeled and include an accurate, up-to-date copy of the
wiring diagram (Wallenwine, 2011). Additional copies of the wiring diagram should be
maintained off site and digitally in the event that a copy is lost, damaged, or destroyed. The
facility should check the local electrical code to determine the clearance required around the
electrical panel.
17

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
3.3.3 Roles of operators
An operator inspects and observes any defective electrical problems but does not perform any
electrical maintenance. A licensed electrical engineer appointed by the AD facility is responsible
for maintenance and repair of electrical problems.
3.3.4 Visitors on site
Unattended facilities associated with the AD system should be locked to limit risk to individuals
unfamiliar with the surroundings and to ensure that the system continues to operate efficiently.
Employees familiar with the AD system should escort visitors at all times. Visitors to an AD
facility are not to operate any switches, controllers, or other electrical functions, including light
switches.
3.4 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Personnel at an AD facility should be provided with proper -fitting personal protective
equipment (PPE). The employer is responsible for communicating and educating the employees
on the proper use of PPE (OSHA, 20076). At a minimum, OSHA recommends protective gloves,
splash -proof goggles, hearing protection, and steel toe shoes for employees associated with the
digester system. For visitors to the facility, safety glasses and hearing protection should be
available and worn while on site.
3.5 ACCIDENT PREVENTION SIGNS AND TAGS
Accident prevention signs and tags should be visible at all times when work is being performed
where a hazard may be present and should be removed or covered promptly when the hazards
no longer exist. Also, caution signs should be designed to be understood by non-English
speakers. The EAP should include resources documenting where proper signs or tags can be
obtained for potential facility hazards. A variety of OSHA -approved accident prevention signs
are shown in Figure 19.
Figure 19: OSHA accident prevention signs
i
i
R
AUTHORIZED
Mrice aarrr
KEEP HANDS
NO SMOKING
EYE PROTECTION
REQUIRED
D0HHaoE
CLEAR
OP N FLAMES
NONO
PERSONNEL ONLY
PERSONNEL ONLY
SPARKS
18

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
3.6 PERSONNEL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
Annually, the facility should review the EAP with all employees associated with the AD system
and new hires should go through safety and system operation training before being permitted
to work at the AD facility. In addition, owners of systems should be aware of OSHA
requirements and comply with employee training requirements.
4.0 CONCLUSION
Anaerobic digestion provides a real opportunity to address farm -related environmental
concerns, generate renewable energy, and diversify farm products. It is important to realize,
however, that AD systems pose unique challenges and safety risks not experienced on typical
farms. These risks can be mitigated by practical measures, including educating employees about
the risks associated with the system, implementing strict safety procedures, and having a
detailed and up to date EAP that employees are familiar with. Ensuring a safe environment
around the AD facility will protect employees and visitors while enhancing the overall
performance of the digester.
19

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
5.0 REFERENCES
American Petroleum Institute (API). 2008. "Fall Protection for Above Ground Storage
Tanks".
http://www.api.org/ehs/health/safetank/Ioader.cfm?urI=/commonspot/security/getfile.cf
m&amp;Pagel D=31330. Date accessed: May 19, 2011.
2. Brown, Nellie. 2007. Conducting a Safety Walk-through on a Farm: Hazards of the Manure
Handling System, Anaerobic Digester, and Biogas Handling System (A Self -Assessment
Guideline for Farmers). Cornell University. Manuals and Users Guides. Paper 13.
http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=manuals
. Date accessed: May 10th, 2011.
3. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 1995. "Documentation for Immediately
Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs), Chemical Listing and Documentation
of Revised IDLH Values." http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idIh/intrid14.htm1. Date accessed:
May 16, 2011.
4. Fenton, Mike. Email correspondence. Michigan Caterpillar Power Systems. May 18, 2011.
5. Gould, C. and M. Crook. 2010. "Michigan On -farm Anaerobic Digester Operator
Handbook." Michigan State University Extension. Pages 75-77.
6. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. 2008. "Chemical Toxicology Overview."
http://www.lbl.gov/ehs/chsp/html/toxicology.shtml. Date accessed: May 16, 2011.
7. Linde Gas LLC. "Methane, Compressed Material Safety Data Sheet." Date accessed: May
12, 2011. http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/msds/linde_msds/pdf/040.pdf
8. Michigan Department of Energy, Labor and Economic Growth (MEDLEG). 2010. MIOSHA
Inspection #308878636: General Industry Safety and Health Division Yankee Springs Dairy
Inc. (Double Fatalities 7/12/10).
9. Michigan State University Extension. Emergency Action Planning for Michigan For -Hire
Manure Applicators.
10. National Electric Code (NEC). 2005. National Electric Code Handbook.
11. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2009. Fire Safety Analysis Manual for LP -Gas
Storage Facilities. Based on the 2008 Edition of NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code
12. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2008A. "Fall Protection."
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/fallprotection/index.html.
13. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2008B. "Occupational Noise
Exposure." Standard 1910.95.
http://www.osha.gov/pIs/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id
=9735.
20

Safety Practices for On -Farm Anaerobic Digestion Systems
14. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2008C. "Respiratory Protection".
Standard 1910.134.
http://www.osha.gov/pIs/oshaweb/owadisp.show document?p table=STANDARDS&p id
=12716.
15. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2007A. "Control of Hazardous
Energy." Standard 1910.147.
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/controlhazardousenergy/index.html.
16. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2007B. "Personal Protective
Equipment." Standard 1910.132.
http://www.osha.gov/pIs/oshaweb/owadisp.show document?p table=STANDARDS&p id
=9777.
17. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2002. "Accident Prevention Signs
and Tags." Standard 1926.200.
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_id=10681&p_table=STA
N DARDS.
18. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 1998. "Permit -Required Confined
Spaces." Standard 1910.146.
http://www.osha.gov/pIs/oshaweb/owadisp.show document?p table=STANDARDS&p id
=9797.
19. Wallenwine, Steve. Personal correspondence. Consumers Energy. May 20, 2011.
21

EPA United States
Bf
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air and Radiation, Mail Code 6207J
www.epa.gov
EPA-xxx-x-xx-xxx
December 2011

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA FIRM PANEL LOCATOR DIAGRAM
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DATUM INFORMATION
The projection used in the preparation of this map was the North Carolina
State Plane (FIPSZONE 3200). The horizontal datum was the North American
Datum of 1983, GRS80 ellipsoid. Differences in datum, ellipsoid, projection, or
Universal Transverse Mercator zones used in the production of FIRMs for adjacent
jurisdictions may result in slight positional differences in map features across
jurisdictional boundaries. These differences do not affect the accuracy of this
FIRM. All coordinates on this map are in U.S. Survey Feet, where
1 U.S. Survey Foot = 1200/3937 Meters.
Flood elevations on this map are referenced to the North American Vertical
Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). These flood elevations must be compared to structure
and ground elevations referenced to the same vertical datum. An average
offset between NAVD 88 and the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
(NGVD 29) has been computed for each North Carolina county. This offset was
then applied to the NGVD 29 flood elevations that were not revised during the
creation of this statewide format FIRM. The offsets for each county shown on
this FIRM panel are shown in the vertical datum offset table below. Where a
county boundary and a flooding source with unrevised NGVD 29 flood elevations
are coincident, an individual offset has been calculated and applied during the
creation of this statewide format FIRM. See Section 6.1 of the accompanying
Flood Insurance Study report to obtain further information on the conversion
of elevations between NAVD 88 and NGVD 29. To obtain current elevation,
description, and/or location information for bench marks shown on this map,
please contact the North Carolina Geodetic Survey at the address shown below.
You may also contact the Information Services Branch of the National Geodetic
Survey at [phone], or visit its website at.www.nqs.noaa.go .
North Carolina Geodetic Survey County Average Vertical Datum Offset Table
121 West Jones Street County Vertical Datum Offset (ft)
Raleigh, NC 27601 Duplin - 0.94
[phone]
www.ncqs.state.nc.us
Example: NAVD 88 = NGVD 29 + (-0.94)
All streams listed in the Flood Hazard Data Table below were studied by
detailed methods using field survey. Other flood hazard data shown on this
map may have been derived using either a coastal analysis or limited detailed
riverine analysis. More information on the flooding sources studied by these
analyses is contained in the Flood Insurance Study report.
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This digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) was produced through a unique
cooperative partnership between the State of North Carolina and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The State of North Carolina has
implemented a long term approach of floodplain management to decrease
the costs associated with flooding. This is demonstrated by the State's com-
mitment to map floodplain areas at the local level. As a part of this effort, the
State of North Carolina has joined in a Cooperating Technical State agreement
1 p 9 9
with FEMA to produce and maintain this digital FIRM.
www.ncfloodmaps.com
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35° 02' 0
3880 000 M
465 000 FEE
35° 01' 0
3878 000 M
460 000 FEE
2 34(
This map is for use in administering the National Flood Insurance Program. It does not
necessarily identify all areas subject to flooding, particularly from local drainage sources
of small size. The communityma repository should be consulted for possible
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updated or additional flood hazard information.
To obtain more detailed information in areas where Base Flood Elevations BFEs
and/or floodways have been determined, users are encouraged to consult the Flood
Profiles, Floodway Data, Limited Detailed Flood Hazard Data, and/or Summary of Stillwater
Elevations tables contained within the Flood Insurance Study (FIS) report that accompanies
this FIRM. Users should be aware that BFEs shown on the FIRM represent rounded
whole -foot elevations. These BFEs are intended for flood insurance rating purposes
only and should not be used as the sole source of flood elevation information. Accordingly,
flood elevation data presented in the FIS report should be utilized in conjunction with
the FIRM for purposes of construction and/or floodplain management.
Boundaries of regulatory floodways shown on the FIRM for flooding sources studied
b detailed methods were computed at cross sections and interpolated between cross
Y P p
sections. The floodways were based on hydraulic considerations with regard to requirements
Y Y g q
of the National Flood Insurance Program. Floodway widths and other pertinent floodway
data for flooding sources studied by detailed methods as well as non -encroachment widths
for flooding sources studied by limited detailed methods are provided in the FIS report
for this jurisdiction. The FIS report also provides instructions for determining a floodway
using non -encroachment widths for flooding sources studied by limited detailed methods.
'7r%wle v
77°51' 00" 345 D00 FEET 77°50' 00,, 77°49' 00,, 77°48' 00"
2
JOINS PANEL 3444
NOTES TO
Certain areas not in Special Flood Hazard Areas may be protected by flood control
structures. Refer to Section 4.4 "Flood Protection Measures" of the Flood Insurance
Study report for information on flood control structures in this jurisdiction.
Base ma information and geospatial data used to develop this FIRM were obtained from
p g p p
various organizations, including the participating local community(ies), state and federal
agencies, and/or other sources. The primary basis for this FIRM is aerial imagery acquired by
Duplin County. The time period of collection for the imagery is 1999. Information and
geospatial data supplied by the local community(ies) that met FEMA base map specifications
were considered the preferred source for development of the base map. See geospatial
metadata for the associated digital FIRM for additional information about base map
preparation.
Base map features shown on this map, such as corporate limits, are based on the
most up-to-date data available at the time of publication. Changes in the corporate
limits may have occurred since his ma was published- Ma users should
t this p p P
consult the appropriate community official or website to verify current conditions of
jurisdictional boundaries and base ma features. This ma may contain roads that were
1 p p Y
not considered in the hydraulic analysis of streams where no new hydraulic model was
created during the production of this statewide format FIRM.
USERS
This map reflects more detailed and up-to-date stream channel configurations than
those shown on the previous FIRM for this jurisdiction. The floodplains and floodways
that were transferred from the previous FIRM may have been adjusted to conform to
these new stream channel configurations. As a result, the Flood Profiles and Floodway
Data tables in the Flood Insurance Study report (which contains authoritative hydraulic
data) may reflect stream channel distances that differ from what is shown on this map.
Please refer to the separately printed Map Index for an overview map of the county
showing the layout of map panels, community map repository addresses, and a Listing of
Communities table containing National Flood Insurance Program dates for each community
as well as a listing of the panels on which each community is located.
If you have questions about this map, or questions concerning the National Flood
Insurance Program in general, please call 1-877-FEMA MAP (1-877-336-2627) or visit the
FEMA website at www.fema.gov.
An accompanyingFlood Insurance Stud report, Letter of Ma Revision LOMR or Letter
Y p p ( )
of Ma Amendment LOMA revising onions of this panel, and digital versions of this
p ( ) 9 p p 9
FIRM may be available. Visit the North Carolina Floodplain Mapping Program website
at www.ncfloodmaps.com, or contact the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616
for information on all related products associated with this FIRM. The FEMA Map Service
Center may also be reached by Fax at 1-800-358-9620 and its website at www.msc.fema.gov.
0 FEET
)NE AE
ODING EFFECTS FROM
BURN COAT CREEK
LIMIT OF STUDY
00"
0 FEET
000 M
00"
000 M
oo"
000 M
0 FEET
MAP REPOSITORY
Refer to listing of Map Repositories on Map Index or visit www.ncfloodmaps.com.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP PANEL
FEBRUARY 16, 2006
EFFECTIVE DATE(S) OF REVISION(S) TO THIS PANEL
For community map revision history prior to statewide mapping, refer to the Community Map
History table located in the Flood Insurance Study report for this jurisdiction.
To determine if flood insurance is available in this community, contact Yagent,our insurance the
North Carolina Division of Emergency Management or the National Flood Insurance Program at the
following phone numbers or websites:
NC Division of Emergency Management National Flood Insurance Program
[phone] www.nccrimecontrol.org/nfip 1-800 638-6620 www.fema.gov/nfip
LEGEND
_SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREAS (SFHAs) SUBJECT TO
INUNDATION BY THE 1 % ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD
The 1 % annual chance flood (100-year flood), also known as the base flood, is the flood
that has a 1 % chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year_ The Special
Flood Hazard Area is the area subject to flooding by the 1 % annual chance flood. Areas
of Special Flood Hazard include Zones A, AE, AH, AO, AR, A99, V, and VE. The Base
Flood Elevation is the water surface elevation of the 1% annual chance flood.
ZONE A No Base Flood Elevations determined.
ZONE AE Base Flood Elevations determined.
ZONE AH Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet (usually areas of ponding); Base Flood
Elevations determined.
ZONE AO Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet (usually sheet flow on sloping terrain);
average depths determined. For areas of alluvial fan flooding, velocities
also determined.
ZONE AR Special Flood Hazard Area formerly protected from the 1% annual
chance flood by a flood control system that was subsequently
decertified. Zone AR indicates that the former flood control system is
being restored to provide protection from the 1% annual chance or
greater flood.
ZONE A99 Area to be protected from 1 % annual chance flood by a Federal
flood protection system under construction; no Base Flood Elevations
determined.
ZONE VE Coastal flood zone with velocity hazard (wave action); Base Flood Elevations
determined.
® FLOODWAY AREAS IN ZONE AE
The floodway is the channel of a stream plus any adjacent floodplain areas that must be
kept free of encroachment so that the 1% annual chance flood can be carried without
substantial increases in flood heights.
OTHER FLOOD AREAS
ZONE X Areas of 0.2% annual chance flood; areas of 1 % annual chance flood
with average depths of less than 1 foot or with drainage areas less than
1 square mile; and areas protected by levees from 1 % annual chance
flood.
OTHER AREAS
ZONE X Areas determined to be outside the 0.2 % annual chance floodplain.
ZONE D Areas in which flood hazards are undetermined, but possible.
COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCES SYSTEM (CBRS) AREAS
\\ \ OTHERWISE PROTECTED AREAS (OPAs)
CBRS areas and OPAs are normally located within or adjacent to Special Flood Hazard Areas.
1% annual chance floodplain boundary
0.2 % annual chance floodplain boundary
Floodway boundary
- - Zone D Boundary
•••••••••••••••••••• CBRS and OPA boundary
Boundary dividing Special Flood Hazard Area Zones and
4 boundary dividing Special Flood Hazard Areas of different
Base Flood Elevations, flood depths or flood velocities.
513 Base Flood Elevation line and value; elevation in feet*
(EL 987) Base Flood Elevation value where uniform within zone;
elevation in feet*
*Referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988
o,z Cross section line
23 - - - - - - 23 Transectline
97°07'30", 32°22'30" Geographic coordinates referenced to the North American
Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)
4276000m 2000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 18
1 477 500 FEET 5000-foot grid values: North Carolina State Plane coordinate
system (FIPSZONE 3200, State Plane NAD 83 feet)
BM5510 North Carolina Geodetic Survey bench mark (see explanation
X in the Datum Information section of this FIRM panel).
BM5610 National Geodetic Survey bench mark (see explanation in
® the Datum Information section of this FIRM panel).
• M1.5 River Mile
lb -
GRID NORTH
MAP SCALE 1" = 1000' (1 : 12,000)
500 0 1000 2000
FEET
METERS
300 0 300 600
D
PANEL 3446)
FIRM
®
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP
®
NORTH CAROLINA
0
m
PANEL 3446
(SEE LOCATOR DIAGRAM OR MAP INDEX FOR FIRM
PANEL LAYOUT)
CONTAINS:
COMMUNITY CID No. PANEL SUFFIX
DUPLIN COUNTY 370083 3446 J
7771
Notice to User: The Map Number shown below should be used
when placing map orders; the Community Number shown
above should be used on insurance applications for the subject
community.
EFFECTIVE DATE MAP NUMBER
FEBRUARY 16, 2006 3720344600J
C(C=D)
�� S09Tp c �QART,yj
%
4 1.c y n
i!I �
_ 1
L91VD SEC
State of North Carolina
77
Federal Emergency Management Agency

10/04/2024
To Whom it May Concern:
This letter of acknowledgement and agreement is hereby given to the Donna Smith Farm as it
relates to their installation of a farm digester.
I have been informed of the desire of the Donna Smith Farm to add a digester to their farm,
increasing the treatment of manure on the farm and capturing the emissions from the breakdown of the
manure for use as a renewable fuel. I understand that this will reduce emissions from the farm, and that
no more animals will be added to the site or current waste treatment system.
I hereby approve the digester structure being closer to my property line than the existing lagoon
on the farm by approximately 250'. This waiver applies to parcel PIN number 345600449076 of the
Duplin County tax office.
" M, AX -
Owner —Jo Ann Gresham Stroud

09/26/2024
To Whom it May Concern:
This letter of acknowledgement and agreement is hereby given to the Donna Smith Farm as it
relates to their installation of a farm digester.
I have been informed of the desire of the Donna Smith Farm to add a digester to their farm,
increasing the treatment of manure on the farm and capturing the emissions from the breakdown of the
manure for use as a renewable fuel. I understand that this will reduce emissions from the farm, and that
no more animals will be added to the site or current waste treatment system.
I hereby approve the digester structure being closer to my property line than the existing lagoon
on the farm by approximately 300'. This waiver applies to parcel PIN number 345600655006 of the
Duplin County tax office.
I hereby approve the digester structure being closer to my property line than the existing lagoon
on the farm by approximately 100'. This waiver applies to parcel PIN number 345600736814 of the
Duplin County tax office.
Owner — Donna Smith

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
512 North Salisbury Street 1636 Mail Service Center
919.707.9129
Bobby C. Britt
Donna Smith Farm
441 Coy Smith Road
Albertson, NC 28508
Subject: Certificate of Coverage No. AWS310889
Donna Smith Farm
Swine Waste Collection, Treatment,
Storage and Application System
Duplin County
Dear Bobby C. Britt:
Division of Water Resources
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
In accordance with your Change of Ownership request, we are hereby forwarding to you this Certificate of
Coverage (COC) issued to Bobby C. Britt, authorizing the operation of the subject animal waste
management system in accordance with General Permit AWG100000. Please read this COC carefully.
This approval shall consist of the operation of this system including, but not limited to, the management
and land application of animal waste as specified in the facility's Certified Animal Waste Management Plan
(CAWMP) for Donna Smith Farm, located in Duplin County, with a swine animal capacity of no greater
than the following annual averages:
Wean to Finish: Feeder to Finish: 3,520 Boar/Stud:
Wean to Feeder: Farrow to Wean: Gilts:
Farrow to Finish: Farrow to Feeder: Other:
If this is a Farrow to Wean or Farrow to Feeder operation, there may be one boar for each 15 sows. Where
boars are unnecessary, they may be replaced by an equivalent number of sows. Any of the sows may be

replaced by gilts at a rate of 4 gilts for every 3 sows.
This COC shall be effective from the date of issue until September 30, 2024 and shall hereby void
Certificate of Coverage Number AWS310889 that was previously issued to this facility. Pursuant to this
COC, you are authorized and required to operate the system in conformity with the conditions and
limitations as specified in the General Permit, the facility's CAWMP, and this COC. An adequate system
for collecting and maintaining the required monitoring data and operational information must be established
for this facility. Any increase in waste production greater than the certified design capacity or increase in
number of animals authorized by this COC (as provided above) will require a modification to the CAWMP
and this COC and must be completed prior to actual increase in either wastewater flow or number of animals.
You are encouraged to update your Swine Odor Control Checklist using the enclosed form. If you do so,
you must send a copy of the updated form to the Animal Feeding Operations Program at the address below.
DocuSign Envelope ID: 302C18E5-5B3B-4482-AF71-8951DC6639BB
11 /8/2023

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
512 North Salisbury Street 1636 Mail Service Center
919.707.9129
Division of Water Resources
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Please pay careful attention to the record keeping and monitoring conditions in this permit. Stocking and
Mortality Form (STOCK-1) has been updated; all other record keeping forms are unchanged with this
General Permit. Please use the most current record keeping forms.
If your Waste Utilization Plan (WUP) has been developed based on site -specific information, careful
evaluation of future samples is necessary. Should your records show that the current WUP is inaccurate
you will need to have a new WUP developed.
The issuance of this COC does not excuse the Permittee from the obligation to comply with all applicable
laws, rules, standards, and ordinances (local, state, and federal), nor does issuance of a COC to operate
under this permit convey any property rights in either real or personal property.
Per 15A NCAC 02T .1304 and NRCS standards a 100-foot separation shall be maintained between water
supply wells and any lagoon, storage pond, or any land application of waste.
Please be advised that any violation of the terms and conditions specified in this COC, the General Permit
or the CAWMP may result in the revocation of this COC, or penalties in accordance with NCGS 143-
215.6A through 143-215.6C including civil penalties, criminal penalties, and injunctive relief.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this COC are unacceptable, you have the right to
apply for an individual permit by contacting the Animal Feeding Operations Program for information on
this process. Unless such a request is made within 30 days, this COC shall be final and binding.
In accordance with Condition 11.23 of the General Permit, waste application shall cease within twelve (12)
hours of the time that the National Weather Service issues a Hurricane Warning, Tropical Storm Warning,
or a Flood Watch/Flash Flood Watch associated with a tropical system for the county in which the facility
is located. You may find detailed watch/warning information for your county by calling the
Newport/Morehead City, NC National Weather Service office at [phone], or by visiting their
website at: www.weather.gov/mhx/
This facility is located in a county covered by our Wilmington Regional Office. The Regional Office staff
may be reached at 910-796-7215. If you need additional information concerning this COC or the General
Permit, please contact the Animal Feeding Operations Program staff at [phone].
Sincerely,
for Richard E. Rogers, Jr.

Director, Division of Water Resources
Enclosures (General Permit AWG100000)
cc: (Certificate of Coverage only for all ccs)
Duplin County Health Department
Duplin County Soil and Water Conservation District
Laserfiche File No: 310889
DocuSign Envelope ID: 302C18E5-5B3B-4482-AF71-8951DC6639BB

Murphy -Brown, LLC
Grower(s):
Farm Name:
10/14/2022 2822 Hwy 24 West
P.O. Box 856
Warsaw, NC 28398
NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN
Britt Farming LLC
Donna Smith Farm
county: Duplin
Permit Capacit :
Farrow to Wean
Farrow to Feeder
Farrow to Finish
Wean to Feeder
Wean to Finish
Feeder to Finish 3520
Gilts
Boars
Storage Structure:
Storage Period:
Application Method:
Anaerobic Lagoon
>180 days
Irrigation
The waste from your animal facility must be land applied at a specified rate to prevent pollution
of surface water and/or groundwater. The plant nutrients in the animal waste should be used
to reduce the amount of commercial fertilizer required for the crops in the fields where the waste
is to be applied.
This waste utilization plan uses nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. Waste should be analyzed
before each application cycle. Annual soil tests are strongly encouraged so that all plant
nutrients can be balanced for realistic yields of the crop to be grown.
Several factors are important in implementing your waste utilization plan in order to maximize
the fertilizer value of the waste and to ensure that it is applied in an environmentally safe manner:
1. Always apply waste based on the needs of the crop to be grown and the nutrient
content of the waste. Do not apply more nitrogen than the crop can utilize.
2. Soil types are important as they have different infiltration rates, leaching potentials,
cation exchange capacities, and available water holding capacities.
3. Normally waste shall be applied to land eroding at less than 5 tons per acre per
year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at 5 or more tons per acre annually, but
less than 10 tons per acre per year providing that adequate filter strips are established.
4. Do not apply waste on saturated soils, when it is raining, or when the surface is frozen
Either of these conditions may result in runoff to surface waters which is not allowed
under DWR regulations.
5. Wind conditions should also be considered to avoid drift and downwind odor
problems..
6. To maximize the value of the nutrients for crop production and to reduce the potential
for pollution, the waste should be applied to a growing crop or applied not more than
30 days prior to planting a crop or forages breaking dormancy. Injecting the waste or
disking will conserve nutrients and reduce odor problems.
1 of 11

This plan is based on the waste application method shown above. If you choose to change
methods in the future, you need to revise this plan. Nutrient levels for different application
methods are not the same.
The estimated acres needed to apply the animal waste is based on typical nutrient content
for this type of facility. In some cases you may want to have plant analysis made, which could
allow additional waste to be applied. Provisions shall be made for the area receiving waste to
be flexible so as to accommodate changing waste analysis content and crop type. Lime must
be applied to maintain pH in the optimum range for specific crop production
This waste utilization plan, if carried out, meets the requirements for compliance with 15A NCAC
2H .0217 adopted by the Environmental Management Commission.
AMOUNT OF WASTE PRODUCED PER YEAR ( gallons, ft3, tons, etc.):
Capacity Type Waste Produced per Animal Total
Farrow to Wean
3203 gallyr
gallyr
Farrow to Feeder
3861 gallyr
gallyr
Farrow to Finish
10478 gallyr
gallyr
Wean to Feeder
191 gallyr
gallyr
Wean to Finish
776 gallyr
gallyr
3520
Feeder to Finish
927 gallyr
3,263,040 gallyr
Gilts
1015 gallyr
gallyr
Boars
2959 gallyr
gallyr
Total 3,263,040 galyr
AMOUNT OF PLANT AVAILABLE NITROGEN PRODUCED PER YEAR (lbs):
Capacity Type Nitrogen Produced per Animal Total
Farrow to Wean
3.84 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Farrow to Feeder
6.95 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Farrow to Finish
18.86 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Wean to Feeder
0.34 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Wean to Finish
1.4 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
3520
Feeder to Finish
1.67 Ibslyr
5,878 Ibslyr
Gilts
1.83 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Boars
5.33 Ibslyr
Ibslyr
Total 5,878 Ibslyr
Applying the above amount of waste is a big job You should plan time and have appropriate
equipment to apply the waste in a timely manner.
LAND UTILIZATION SUMMARY
The following table describes the nutrient balance and land utilization rate for this facility
Note that the Nitrogen Balance for Crops indicates the ratio of the amount of nitrogen produced
on this facility to the amount of nitrogen that the crops under irrigation may uptake and utilize
in the normal growing season.
Total Irrigated Acreage: 39.24
Total N Required 1st Year: 8810.24
Total N Required 2nd Year: 0.00
Average Annual Nitrogen Requirement of Crops: 8,810.24
Total Nitrogen Produced by Farm: 5,878.40
Nitrogen Balance for Crops: (2,931,84)
The following table describes the specifications of the hydrants and fields that contain the crops
designated for utilization of the nitrogen produced on this facility. This chart describes the size,
soil characteristics, and uptake rate for each crop in the specified crop rotation schedule for this
facility.
2of11

Reception
Area Specifications
3(a) of 11

Reception Area Specifications
3(b) of 11

This plan does not include commercial fertilizer. The farm should produce adequate plant
available nitrogen to satisfy the requirements of the crops listed above.
The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while meeting the N requirements.
In the future, regulations may require farmers in some parts of North Carolina to have a nutrient
management plan that addresses all nutrients. This plan only addresses nitrogen.
In interplanted fields ( i.e. small grain, etc, interseeded in bermuda), forage must be removed
through grazing, hay, and/or silage. Where grazing, plants should be grazed when they
reach a height of six to nine inches. Cattle should be removed when plants are grazed to a
height of four inches. In fields where small grain, etc, is to be removed for hay or silage, care
should be exercised not to let small grain reach maturity, especially late in the season (i.e.
April or May). Shading may result if small grain gets too high and this will definitely interfere
with stand of bermudagrass. This loss of stand will result in reduced yields and less nitrogen
being utilized. Rather than cutting small grain for hay or silage just before heading as is
the normal situation, you are encouraged to cut the small grain earlier. You may want to
consider harvesting hay or silage two to three times during the season, depending on the
time small grain is planted in the fall.
The ideal time to interplant small grain, etc, is late September or early October. Drilling is
recommended over broadcasting. Bermudagrass should be grazed or cut to a height of
about two inches before drilling for best results.
CROP CODE LEGEND
Crop Code Crop
A
Barley
B
Grazed Hybrid Bermudagrass
C.
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
B/C
Comb. Hybrid Bermudagrass
D
Corn - Grain
E
Corn - Silage
F
Cotton
G
Grazed Fescue
H
Fescue Hay
I
Oats
J
Rye
K
Grazed Overseed
L
Overseed Hay
M
Grain Sorghum
N
Wheat
O
Soybean
P
Pine Trees
S
Small Grain
CC
Cover Crop
Description -Harvested As
Grain Crop
Pasture/Grazed
Hay
Graze/Hay Combination
Grain Crop
Silage
Cotton Lint
Pasture/Grazed
Hay
Grain Crop
Grain Crop
Pasture/Grazed (Seeded in Bermudagrass)
Hay (Seeded in Bermudagrass)
Grain Crop
Grain Crop
Grain Crop
Pine Trees
Grain Crop/ Hay (After Grain Crop)
Not Harvested; Burned/Disked In
Acres shown in the preceding table are considered to be the usable acres excluding
required buffers, filter strips along ditches, odd areas unable to be irrigated, and perimeter areas
not receiving full application rates due to equipment limitations. Actual total acres in the fields
listed may, and most likely will be, more than the acres shown in the tables.
See attached map showing the fields to be used for the utilization of animal waste.
4 of 11

SLUDGE APPLICATION:
The following table describes the annual nitrogen accumulation rate per animal
in the lagoon sludge
Farm Specifications
PANT rlanimal Farm Totall r
Farrow to Wean
0.8
Farrow to Feeder
0.96
Farrow to Finish
3.9
Wean to Feeder
0.07
Wean to Finish
0.27
3520 Feeder to Finish
0,34 1196.8
Gilts
0.39
Boars
0.55
The waste utilization plan must contain provisions for periodic land application of sludge at
agronomic rates. The sludge will be nutrient rich and will require precautionary measures to
prevent over application of nutrients or other elements. Your production facility will produce
approximately 1196.8 pounds of plant available nitrogen per year and will accumulate in the lagoon
sludge based on the rates of accumulation listed above.
If you remove the sludge every 5 years, you will have approximately 5984 pounds of plant
available nitrogen to utilize. Assuming you apply this PAN to hybrid bermuda grass hayland at the
rate of 300 pounds of nitrogen per acre, you will need 19 acreas of land. If you apply the sludge
to corn at a rate of 125 pounds per acre, you will need 47.872 acres of land. Please note that these
are only estimates of the PAN produced and the land required to utilize that PAN. Actual values
may only be determined by sampling the sludge for plant available nitrogen content prior to application
Actual utilization rates will vary with soil type, crop, and realistic yield expectations for the specific
application fields designated for sludge application at time of removal.
APPLICATION OF WASTE BY IRRIGATION:
The irrigation application rate should not exceed the intake rate of the soil at the time of irrigation
such that runoff or ponding occurs. This rate is limited by initial soil moisture content, soil
structure, soil texture, water droplet size, and organic solids. The application amount should not
exceed the available water holding capacity of the soil at the time of irrigation nor should the
plant available nitrogen applied exceed the nitrogen needs of the crop.
If surface irrigation is the method of land application for this plan, it is the responsibility of the
producer and irrigation designer to ensure that an irrigation system is installed to properly
irrigate the acres shown in the preceding table. Failure to apply the recommended rates and
amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid.
"This is the maximum application amount allowed for the soil assuming the amount
of nitrogen allowed for the crop is not over applied. In many situations, the application
amount shown cannot be applied because of the nitrogen limitation. The maximum
application amount shown can be applied under optimum soil conditions.
Your facility is designed for >180 days of temporary storage and the temporary storage must
be removed on the average of once every 6 months. In no instance should the volume of the
waste stored in your structure be within the 25 year 24 hour storm storage or one foot of
freeboard except in the event of the 25 year 24 hour storm.
It is the responsibility of the producer and waste applicator to ensure that the spreader equipment
is operated properly to apply the correct rates to the acres shown in the tables. Failure to apply
the recommended rates and amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid.
Call your technical specialist after you receive the waste analysis report for assistance in
determining the amount of waste per acre and the proper application prior to applying the waste.
5of11

Application Rate Guide
The following is provided as a guide for establishing application rates and amounts.
Soil
Application Rate
Application Amount
Tract
Hydrant
Type
Crop
inlhr
* inches
T72182
P10
AuB
B
0.6
1
T72182
P11
FoA
B
0.6
1
T72182
P 12
FoA
B
0.5
1
T72182
P13
WoA
B
0.4
1
T72182
P14
WoA
B
0A
1
T72182
P15
WoA
B
0.4
1
T72182
P16
WoA
B
0.4
1
T72182
P17
FoA
B
0.5
1
6of11

Additional Comments:
This facility has P10 through PIT P14 through P17 is under a waste utilization
agreement with Donna Smith.
Any/all fields listed as "Optional Fields" are not required to be in any of the
crops listed in this plan unless they are actively being applied to or will be
L741 t.7
7of11

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN CERTIFICATION
Name of Farm: Donna Smith Farm
Owner: Britt Farming LLC
Manager:
Owner/Manager Agreement:
I/we understand and will follow and implement the specifications and the operation and
maintenance procedures established in the approved animal waste nutrient management
plan for the farm named above. I/we know that any expansion to the existing design capacity
of the waste treatment and/or storage system, or construction of new facilities, will require a
new nutrient management plan and a new certification to be submitted to DWR before the new
animals are stocked.
I/we understand that I must own or have access to equipment, primarily irrigation equipment,
to land apply the animal waste described in this nutrient management plan. This equipment
must be available at the appropriate pumping time such that no discharge occurs from the lagoon
in the event of a 25 year 24 hour storm. I also certify that the waste will be applied on the land
according to this plan at the appropriate times and at rates which produce no runoff.
This plan will be filed on site at the farm office and at the office of the local Soil and Water
Conservation District and will be available for review by NCDWR upon request.
Name of Facility Owner:
Signature:
Britt Farminq , LLC
Name of Manager (if different from owner):
Signature:
3�
Name of Technical Specialist: Toni W. King
Affiliation: Smithfield Hog Production Division
Address: 2822 Hwy 24 West, PO Drawer 856
Warsaw, NC 28398
Telephone: [phone]
Signature: 3
Date
Date
V-0- \ C, ra-1
Date
8of11

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift, manmade
conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during operation or land application.
Any discharge of waste which reaches surface water is prohibited.
2 There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns or has an
agreement for use of adequate land on which to properly apply the waste. If the producer
does not own adequate land to properly dispose of the waste, he/she shall provide
evidence of an agreement with a landowner, who is within a reasonable proximity,
allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application. It is the responsibility of the
owner of the waste production facility to secure an update of the Nutrient Utilization Plan
when there is a change in the operation, increase in the number of animals, method of
application, recieving crop type, or available land.
Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs for realistic
crop yields based upon soil type, available moisture, historical data, climatic conditions,
and level of management, unless there are regulations that restrict the rate of applications
for other nutrients.
4 Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre per year. Waste
may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per acre per year but less than 10 tons
per acre per year provided grass filter strips are installed where runoff leaves the field
(See USDA, NRCS Field Office Technical Guide Standard 393 - Filter Strips).
5 Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or disking after waste application. Waste
should not be applied when there is danger of drift from the land application field.
When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste will be soil
incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When waste is applied to conservation tilled
crops or grassland, the waste may be broadcast provided the application does not occur
during a season prone to flooding (See "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for
guidance).
7 Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate such that runoff
does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift
from the site during application. No ponding should occur in order to control odor and
flies.
Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events, or when the
surface is frozen.
9of11

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
9 Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that the crop is not
covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth. The potential for salt damage from
animal waste should also be considered.
10 Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted crops on soils with a
high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a
minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall
not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages breaking dormancy.
11 Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with the following: The
outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from a lagoon that is a component of
a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal. Animal
waste, other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995, shall not be
applied closer than 25 feet to perennial waters.
12 Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13 Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than those owned by
the landowner.
14 Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public right-of-ways.
15 Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways, or wetlands by discharge
or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be applied to prior converted cropland provided the fields
have been approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal waste shall not
be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly into water courses, and on other grassed
waterways, waste shall be applied at agronomic rates in a manner that causes no runoff or drift
from the site.
16 Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets, sinks, etc., shall not be
discharged into the animal waste management system.
10 of 11

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
17 A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed areas (lagoon
embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas shall be fenced, as necessary, to protect the
vegetation. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc., are limited to areas
where considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and accessible. Berms and
structures should be inspected regularly for evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
18 If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the owner is responsible for
obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal
discharge, pollution and erosion.
19 Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected on a regular basis to
prevent breakdowns, leaks and spills. A regular maintenance checklist should be kept on site.
20 Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other crops for direct human
consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for direct human consumption, it should
only be applied pre -plant with no further applications of animal waste during the crop season.
21 Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom elevations of the temporary
storage (pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be managed to
maintain the liquid level between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum
storage volume for waste storage ponds.
22 Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least once every three
yeares at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the rate -determining
nutrient, unless other restrictions require waste to be applied based on other nutrients, resulting
in a lower application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the soil shall be
monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when these metals approach excessive levels.
pH shall be adjusted and maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis
records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste application records shall be
maintained for a minimum of three years. Waste application records for all other waste shall be
maintained for a minimum of five years.
23 Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina regulations.
11 of 11

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Operator:THOMAS SMITH County: DUPLIN Date: 03/02/94
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner) : „��°t 5- - 0 feet
1. STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT
0
sows
(farrow to finish)
x
1417
lbs. --
0
lbs
0
sows
(farrow to feeder)
x
522
lbs.
- 0
lbs
3520
head
(finishing only)
x
135
lbs.
- 475200
lbs
0
sows
(farrow to wean)
x
433
lbs.
- 0
lbs
0
head
(wean to feeder)
x
30
lbs.
= 0
lbs
TOTAL STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT (SSLW) = 475200 lbs
2. MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 475200 lbs. SSLW x Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. SSLW
Treatment Volume(cF)/lb. SSLW 1 CF/lb. SSLW
Volume = 475200 cubic feet
3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
i
Volume = 0. 0 cubic feet C' `p` ' A--rC'PrQA 6,AIM " kQUA S)
4. TOTAL DESIGN VOLUME
,o�%. Inside top length 400.0 feet ; Inside top width 235.0 feet
Top of dike at elevation 49.0 feet
Freeboard 1.0 feet ; Side slopes 3.0 : 1 (Inside lagoon)
Total design lagoon liquid level at elevation 48.0 feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation 38.0 feet
Seasonal high water table elevation 42.0 feet
Total design volume using prismoidal formula
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 394.0 229.0 10.00
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH * WIDTH =
394.0 229.0 90226 (AREA OF TOP)
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH =
334.0 169.0 56446 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH * WIDTH * 4
364.0 199.0 289744 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. AAREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOMU * DEPTH/6
90226.0 289744.0 56446.0 1.
VOLUME OF LAGOON AT TOTAL DESIGN LIQUID LEVEL = 727360 CU. FT.

5. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA:
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * Width
400.0 235.0 94000.0 square feet
Buildings (roof and lot wooer)
Length * Width
0.0 .0.0 0.0 square feet
TOTAL DA 94000.0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to be 180 days.
5A. Volume of waste produced
Approximate daily production of manure in CF/LB SSLW 0.00136
Volume = 475200 Lbs. SSLW * CF of Waste/Lb./Day * 180 days
Volume = 116329 cubic feet
i. Volume of wash water
This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculat
the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A.
Volume = 0.0 gallons/day * 180 days storage/7.48 gallons
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet per CF
5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount
180 days excess rainfall 7.0 inches
Volume = 7.0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 54833.3 cubic feet

{
5D. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 7.5 inches / 12 inches per foot * DA
Volume = 58750.0 cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A. 116329 cubic feet
5B. 0 cubic feet
5C. 54833 cubic feet
5D. 58750 cubic feet
TOTAL 229912 cubic feet
G. SUMMARY
Total required volume 705112 cubic feet
Total design volume avail. 727360 cubic feet
Min. reg. treatment volume plus sludge accumulation 475200 cubic f(
At elev. 45.1 feet ; Volume is 479537 cubic feet (end pumping)
Total design volume less 25yr-24hr storm is 668610 cubic feet
At elev. 47.3 feet ; Volume is 660737 cubic feet (start pumping
Seasonal high water to le elevation 42.0 feet
7. DESIGNED BY : APPROVED BY: 711, Ir• " `� - ►�"
1
DATE : 5 Ci l DATE. 3 f a/PC/
NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
COMMENTS:

System Calibration
Information presented in manufacturer's charts are based on average operation
conditions with relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and application rates change
over time as equipment gets older and components wear. In particular, pump wear tends
to reduce operating pressure and flow. With continued use, nozzle wear results in an
increase in the nozzle opening which will increase the discharge rate while decreasing the
wetted diameter.
You should be aware that operating the system differently than assumed in the design will
alter the application rate, diameter of coverage, and subsequently the application
uniformity. For example, operating the system with excessive pressure results in smaller
droplets, greater potential for drift, and accelerates wear of the sprinkler nozzle. Clogging
of nozzles can result in pressure increase. Plugged intakes or crystallization of mainlines
will reduce operating pressure. Operating below design pressure greatly reduces the
coverage diameter and application uniformity.
For the above reason, you should calibrate your equipment on a regular basis to ensure
proper application rates and uniformity. Calibration at least once every three years is
recommended. Calibration involves collecting and measuring flow at several locations in
the application area. Any number of containers can be used to collect flow and
determine the application rate. Rain gauges work best because they already have a
graduated scale from which to read the application amount without having to perform
additional calculations. However, pans, plastic buckets, jars, or anything with a uniform
opening and cross-section can be used provided the liquid collected can be easily
transferred to a scaled container for measuring.
For stationary sprinklers, collection containers should be located randomly throughout the
application area at several distances from sprinklers. For traveling guns, sprinklers
should be located along a transect perpendicular to the direction of pull. Set out
collection containers 25 feet apart along the transect on both sides of the gun cart. You
should compute the average application rate for all nonuniformity of the application. On a
windless day, variation between containers of more than 30 percent is cause for concern.
You should contact your irrigation dealer or technical specialist for assistance.
*Reprinted for Certification Training for Operations of Animal Waste Management Systems Manual

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage
levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is
dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as a
thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first sign of plant growth in the
later winter 1 early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done
whenever the land in dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in
the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer/ early fall the lagoon should be pumped down
to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste utilization
plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigated does
not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for
any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass
are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each
year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilized applied
should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a
soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be
fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by
mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This
should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather
conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon
water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon
and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should include,
as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes -- look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

Lagoon surface -- look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment -- look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability -- slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack or vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon
has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a
threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps -- check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need of repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that
you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your
pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will
allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is
not the time to think about switching, repairing, or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your
lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an
inventory of spare parts or pumps.
+ Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage
waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot
runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage
structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that
which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that
hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the
following:
1. adequate vegetation
2, diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an overflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into
the lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste
loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the
pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another
means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial
establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid
volume. This seeding should occur at least two weeks prior to the addition of
wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add
agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume
until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7, A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological
activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these
conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily
are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are
drained and recharged each day, also work well.
4

• Practice water conservation --- minimize building water usage and spillage from
leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and water
conservation.
• Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce the
amount of solids entering the lagoon.
Management:
• Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full
temporary storage level.
• Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level
and the maximum liquid level. (Figure 2-1).
• Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient
requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the
summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer 1 early fall to
provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter.
• The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the
dam or embankment.
• Don not pump the lagoon liquid level lower than the permanent storage level unless
you are removing sludge.
• Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and
as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
• Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded
feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
• Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
• Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
• Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or
before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and
implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by-
5

• proper lagoon sizing,
• mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
• gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
• have more nutrients,
• have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper - agitator impeller pump through large -
bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix
remaining sludge, pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or
forageland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland;
dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon
to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to
dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil
incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage.
Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner
remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you
should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can
be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and
metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion.
Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphors, it should be
applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes,
always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value,

The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors.
Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure.
Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of
the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include;
• Modification of the lagoon structure -- an example is the placement of a pipe in the dam
without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design before
placing any pipes in dams.)
• Lagoon liquid levels — high levels are a safety risk.
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
• Excess surface water Flowing into the lagoon.
• Liner integrity -- protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or
rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large
discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY (DWQ) q 10 --29 Le -19 15-
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (EMS) _ 1O - 2_ LQ- '�-1 Le C�'
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SWCD) q t - ag k_- AQ-0
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) °t l0 - �A Lp - aton0
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE (CES) P-9[e- 3-
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or
leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to
ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location
for all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible. Suggested
responses to some possible problems are listed below.
A. Lagoon overflow - possible solutions are:
a) Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b) Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
c) Stop all flow to the lagoon immediately.
d) Call a pumping contractor.
e) Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B. Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
a) Immediately stop waste application.
b) Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
c) Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
d) Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that cause the runoff.
e) Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers - action include:
a) Stop recycle pump.
b) Stop irrigation pump.
c) Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d) Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D. Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators - action include:
a) Stop recycle pump.
b) Stop irrigation pump.
c) Make sure siphon occurs.
d) Stop all flow in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
E. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks -
possible action:
a) Dig a small sump or ditch from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a submersible
pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b) If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and
compact with a clay type soil.
c) Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and the lagoon bottom as soon
as possible.

Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages
a. Did the waste reach surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage notes, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a During normal business hours call your DWQ regional office; Phone #, After hours,
emergency number: [phone]. Your phone call should include: your name, facility
number, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact
location of the facility, the location or direction of the movement of the spill, weather and
wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the
seriousness of the situation.
b. If the spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS phone number.
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CE's phone number, local SWCD office phone number and the local NRCS
office for advice 1 technical assistance phone number.
If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriff's Department and explain your problem to
them and ask the person to contact the proper agencies for you_
Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair or problem to minimize offsite damage.
a. Contractors Name: Murphy Brown. LLC
b. Contractors Address: P.O. Box 856, Warsaw, NC 28398
c . Contractors Phone: [phone]
Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: Kraig Westerbeek
b. Phone: (910) 293 - 5330
Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify the
damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems
with release of wastes from happening again.

INSECT CONTROL CHECKLIST FOR ANIMAL OPERATIONS
Source Cause
BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
(Liquid Systems)
Flush Gutters Accumulation of solids
(✓) Flush system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated
solids from gutters as designed.
() Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and Pits Crusted Solids
(✓) Maintain lagoons, settling basins and
pits where pest breeding is apparent to
minimize the crusting of solids to a depth
of no more than 6-8 inches over more than
30% of surface.
Excessive Decaying vegetation
Vegetative Growth
(v)Maintain vegetative control along banks of
lagoons and other impoundment's to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter
along water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
(Dry Systems)
Feeders Feed Spillage
() Design, operate and maintain feed systems (e.g..
bunkers and troughs) to minimize the accumulation
of decaying wastage.
O Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
interval during summer; 15-30 day interval during winter).
Feed Storage Accumulation of feed
{) Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
residues
immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
insuring drainage away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
products).
() Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed.
Animal Holding Accumulation of animal O Eliminate low area that trap moisture along fences
Areas wastes and feed wastage and other locations where waste accumulates and
disturbance by animals is minimal.
O Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e. inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids as needed).
MIC -- November 11, 1996
10

ury Manure Handling Accumulations of animal O Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
Systems wastes interval during summer; 15-30 days interval during
winter) where manure is loaded for land application
or disposal.
() Provide for adequate drainage around manure stockpiles
O Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated wastes
in filter strips around stockpiles and manure handling
areas as needed.
The issues checked ( ) pertain to this operation. The landowner 1 integrator agrees to use
sound judgment in applying insect control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned insect control Best Management Practices have been
reviewed with me.
(Landowner Signature)
For more information contact the Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box
7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.
AMIC -- November 11, 1996

Swine Farm Waste Management —Odor Control Checklist
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
Permit No.:
Owner Signature:
♦ Odor Control Checklist is required by General Statute 143-21S.SOC(e)(1)
♦ Check any/all the BMPs you will implement on this facility. Items checked/selected become a requirement of the CAWMP.
♦ Items in bold or pre -selected are required.
♦ Add any site -specific details related to the selected BMPs
♦ Include any other odor control measures not listed
♦ NOTE: Not all OMPs may be cost-effective for every facility. Evaluate each BMP prior to selecting for your facility.
Cause/Source BMP Option to Minimize Odor Comments Site Specific Practices
FARMSTEAD
• Swine Production ❑ Maintain vegetative or wooded buffers at or
near property boundary
♦ Improper drainage ❑ Grade and landscape so water drains away
from facilities and prevent ponding
❑ Maintain farm access roads and prevent traffic
in waste application area
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
MORTALITY MANAGEMENT
♦ Carcass
Decomposition
+ Incomplete Incineration
® Dispose of mortality using method approved
by NCDA&CS State Veterinarian. Manage
According to CAWMP (Mortality Management
Checklist) and permit(s).
❑ Put carcasses in refrigerated (or freezer) dead
boxes within 24 hours for short-term mortality
storage.
❑ Use incinerators with secondary burners for
complete combustion.
❑ OtherBMPs— please describe
• Traps dust and gases, provides dilution
and visual screening
• May require third party input/approval
• Reduce odors and vectors that occur
with stagnant conditions
• Prevents spillage during transport and
tracking of waste onto public roads
• Required by statute and permit
• May require third party input/approval
• Reduce odors by complete incineration
Swine AMOC Page i of 6 APPROVED — 7/25/2019

Swine Farm Waste Management — Odor Control Checklist
Permit No.:
Cause/Source BMP Option to Minimize Odor Comments Site Specific Practices
HOUSE / BARN —WASTE HANDLING
♦ Flush tanks
❑ Install flush tank covers
♦ Odorous Gases
❑ Flush pits at least 4 times per day
♦ Partial microbial
❑ Empty pits at least once every 7 days
decomposition
❑ Underfloor flush with pit ventilation
♦ Agitation of wastes
❑ Install/extend fill lines to near bottom of
tanks with anti -siphon vents
❑ Install covers on outside waste collection or
junction box
❑ Install sump tank covers for lift stations
♦ Ammonia
❑ Flush/recharge with treated effluent
❑ Treat waste in pits with proven biological or
chemical additive
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
HOUSE / BARN — FLOOR AND INDOOR SURFACES
♦ Manure covered floors ❑ Scrape manure from alleys into pens daily
❑ Install fully slotted floor system
❑ Install waterers over slotted floor area
❑ Install feeders at high end of solid floors
• Odorous Gases ❑ Scrape manure buildup from floors and walls
❑ Keep floors dry
❑ Install underfloor ventilation for drying
❑ Replace bedding/scrape at frequency to
keep bedding dry
❑ Other BMPs —please describe
• Pit -flush systems
• Pit -flush systems
• Pit -recharge or "pull -plug" systems
• Monitor for any solids accumulation in pit
• Will move with other manure via pits
• Where applicabie
• Aids in animal cleanliness
• Aids in animal cleanliness
• Solid floor/bedding systems
Swine AMOC Page z of 6 APPROVED — 7/25/2019

Swine Farm Waste Management —Odor Control Checklist
Permit No.:
Cause/Source BMP Option to Minimize Odor Comments Site Specific Practices
HOUSE / BARN — VENTILATION
♦ Rust ❑ Clean fans regularly— specify frequency
♦ Volatile/odorous gases ❑ Efficient air movement
❑ Install temperature and humidity sensors to
control ventilation
❑ Treat barn exhaust • Examples: biofilters, wet scrubbing, windbreaks
• May reduce ventilation rate depending on method
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
HOUSE / BARN — FEED
• Dust ❑ Install feed covers
• Adsorbed Gases ® Keep outdoor feed storage covered except
When necessary to add/remove feed
❑ Minimize free -fall height of dry feed
❑ Install feed delivery downspout extenders
to the feed covers
❑ Remove spoiled/unusable feed on regular basis
❑ Feed pellets instead of dry meal
❑ Use feed additives
♦ Ammonia ❑ Use feed -reduced crude protein diet
❑ Other BMPs —please describe
HOUSE / BARN — GENERAL
♦ Dust ❑ Install temperature and humidity sensors
♦ Odorous Gases to control ventilation
❑ Use ultraviolet light to treat indoor air
❑ Use indoor or outdoor electrostatic space
charge system
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
• Required by rule 15A NCAC O20.1802
• May require third party input/approval
• May require third party input/approval
• May require third party input/approval
a Maintain relative humidity at 40 to 65%
• Can be used to treat exhaust air
Swine AMOC Page 3 of 6 APPROVED -- 7/25/2019

Swine Farm Waste Management — Odor Control Checklist
Permit No.:
Cause/Source BMP Option to Minimize Odor Comments Site Specific Practices
LAGOON / WASTE STORAGE STRUCTURE
• volatile Gases
LAND APPLICATION
• Odorous gases
♦ Wind drift
® Maintain proper lagoon volume
❑ Minimize free -fall height of waste from
discharge pipe to lagoon surface
❑ Extend discharge point of pipe to below lagoon
liquid level
❑ Maintain proper surface area -to -volume ratio
❑ Use correct lagoon start-up procedures
❑ Aerate for odor control
® Manage sludge levels based on annual sludge
survey as required by permit
❑ Keep spilled feed or foreign debris out of lagoon
to prevent excess sludge accumulation
❑ Install/use solids separation system
❑ Use proven biological or chemical additives
❑ Use permeable lagoon covers (not a digester)
❑ Use impermeable lagoon cover or
anaerobic digester
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
® Perform land application In accordance with
CAWMP
® Pump intake near lagoon surface
❑ Pump from second stage lagoon
❑ Follow good neighbor policy
❑ Operate at minimum recommended pressure
❑ Increase setbacks beyond those required by
statute, rule, or permit
• Sufficient liquid volume/depth is required
for proper anaerobic treatment
• Use caution not to scour or damage lagoon liner
• Monitor for any increase in rate of solids accumulation
• Methane can be flared if not utilized
• Required by rule 15A NCAC 02D .1802
• Avoid application on known weekends,
special days, or holidays/eves if possible
Swine AMOC Page 4 of 6 APPROVED — 7/25/2019

Swine Farm Waste Management — Odor Control Checklist
Permit No.:
Cause/Source BMP Option to Minimize Odor Comments Site Specific Practices
LAND APPLICATION (CONTINUED)
SLUDGE DISPOSAL
• odorous gases
❑ Apply during favorable wind conditions,
(especially for traveling guns or impact
sprinklers)
❑ When practical, apply waste on sunny days
rather than cool, overcast days
❑ When possible, apply waste mid -morning to
late -afternoon
❑ For traveling guns, use taper -ring or taper -bore
nozzles
❑ For traveling guns, use largest -available nozzle
that provides acceptable application uniformity
❑ Replace impact sprinklers with low -drift nozzles
on center pivots and linear move systems.
❑ Use hose -drag system
❑ Use injection method for waste application
❑ Other BMPs — please describe
❑ Transport sludge in covered vehicles or tankers
❑ Apply in thin, uniform layers
❑ Incorporate land -applied sludge as soon as
practical after application, and in accordance
with permit.
❑ Use injection method for sludge application
❑ Dewater sludge prior to application
❑ Use alternatives to land application, such as
compost, gasification, energy generation, etc.
❑ OtherBMPs— please describe
• Recommend checking predicted average hourly
wind speed within 24 hours prior to
anticipated start
• Allows for vertical dissipation of odor
• Allows for better vertical dissipation of odor
• Less odor and drift than ring nozzles
• Speeds drying and prevents ponding
• Required within 48 hours or prior to next rain event,
whichever is first, for conventionally tilled
bare soils
Swine AMOC Page 5 of 6 APPROVED -- 7/25/2019

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT)
AHG-538•A Certification Training for Animal Waste Management Systems: Type A
EBAE 103-83 — Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage
EBAE 128-88 — Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge -Lagoon Treatment
EBAE 129-88 — Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underftoor Flush -Lagoon Treatment
EBAE Fact Sheet — Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment
EBAE Fact Sheet — Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies
NC NRCS Standard 359 — Waste Treatment Lagoon
NC NRCS Standard 380 Windbreak/Shelterbelt Establishment
NC NRCS Standard 422 — Hedgerow Planting
NC NRCS Standard 442 — Sprinkler System
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PRO107 1995 Conference Proceedings
Options for Managing Odor: A Report from the Swine Odor Task Force
AVAILABLE FROM:
www.extensian.iastate.edu/ampat/
NC Division of water Resources
www.bae.ncsu.edu
www.bae.ncsu.edu
www.bae.ncsu.edu
www.bae.ncsu.edu
www.bae.ncsu.edu
www.nres.udsa.gov
www.nres.udsa.gov
www.nres.udsa.gov
www.nres.udsa.gov
Florida Cooperative Extension Service
NC State University
Swine AMOC Page 6 of 6 APPROVED — 7/25/2019

Version --November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian,
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
a Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
❑ ❑ A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
a a In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549,70).
Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4,
x6m gram ?"� X 1b .�)l '0_�)
Signature of Farm Owner/Manager Date
Signature of Technical Specialist Date