20240688 Ver 1_WLS_UMBI_Miller Draft Instrument Modification_20240425

WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank -
Miller Site

Instrument Modification
Private Commercial Mitigation Bank for Stream Compensatory
Mitigation Credits
Yadkin River Basin (HUC 03040101)
Warm Water Thermal Regime
April 2024

Prepared for:

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District

Prepared by:

WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank - Miller Site
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Table of Contents

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Project Overview ........................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Bank Site Location ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Mitigation Goals and Objectives ................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Watershed Need and Technical Feasibility ................................................................................... 5
2 Qualifications ........................................................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Bank Sponsor ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Bank Sponsor Qualifications ......................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Representative Mitigation Projects ...................................................................................... 6
3 Bank Establishment and Operation ...................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Site Ownership .............................................................................................................................. 7
3.2 Proposed Service Area .................................................................................................................. 7
3.3 Credit Release Schedule ................................................................................................................ 8
3.3.1 Initial Allocation of Released Credits .................................................................................... 8
3.3.2 Subsequent Credit Releases .................................................................................................. 9
3.4 Financial Assurances ..................................................................................................................... 9
4 Ecological Suitability of the Site ............................................................................................................ 9
4.1 Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................................ 9
4.1.1 Watershed Characterization ................................................................................................. 9
4.1.2 Physiography, Geology, and Soils ......................................................................................... 9
4.1.3 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US .............................................................................. 10
4.1.4 Existing Reach Descriptions ................................................................................................ 10
4.1.5 Existing Wetland Conditions ............................................................................................... 13
4.2 Regulatory Considerations .......................................................................................................... 13
4.2.1 Existing Easements .............................................................................................................. 13
4.2.2 Mineral or Water Rights Assurance .................................................................................... 13
4.2.3 FEMA Floodplain Compliance and Hydrologic Trespass ..................................................... 13
4.2.4 Invasive Species Vegetation ................................................................................................ 13
4.2.5 Cultural Resources & Aviation ............................................................................................ 14
4.2.6 Threatened and Endangered Species ................................................................................. 14
4.2.7 Conditions Affecting Hydrology .......................................................................................... 14
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4.2.8 Adjacent Land Use .............................................................................................................. 14
5 Mitigation Work Plan .......................................................................................................................... 14
5.1 Site Design Approach .................................................................................................................. 14
5.2 Proposed Stream Conditions ...................................................................................................... 16
5.2.1 Proposed Revegetation Plan ............................................................................................... 19
5.3 Reference Ecosystems ................................................................................................................ 19
6 Potential Functional Uplift & Ecological Benefits ............................................................................... 19
6.1 Benefits Related to Hydrology .................................................................................................... 19
6.2 Benefits Related to Habitat ......................................................................................................... 20
6.3 Benefits Related to Water Quality .............................................................................................. 20
7 Credit Determination .......................................................................................................................... 21
7.1 Proposed Credit Types ................................................................................................................ 21
8 Monitoring .......................................................................................................................................... 21
8.1 As-Built Survey ............................................................................................................................ 22
8.2 Visual Monitoring ........................................................................................................................ 22
8.3 Channel Dimension ..................................................................................................................... 22
8.4 Flow Duration Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 22
8.5 Vegetation ................................................................................................................................... 22
9 Long-Term Management .................................................................................................................... 23
9.1 Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 23
9.2 Long-Term Management ............................................................................................................ 23
9.3 Adaptive Management Plan ....................................................................................................... 24

Tables
Table 1. Parcel Ownership Information ........................................................................................................ 7
Table 2. Credit Release Schedule .................................................................................................................. 8
Table 3. Reach Watershed Drainage & Jurisdictional Status ...................................................................... 10
Table 4. Existing Reach Description ............................................................................................................ 11
Table 5. Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits (SMCs) ................................................................................. 21
Table 6. Routine Maintenance Components .............................................................................................. 23

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Figures
Miller Site
Figure 1 ................................................................................................................................. Project Location
Figure 2 ............................................................................................................................... Service Area Map
Figure 3 ..................................................................................................................... USGS Topographic Map
Figure 4 .................................................................................................................................. NRCS Soils Map
Figure 5 ......................................................................................................................................... LiDAR Map
Figures 6a to 6c ....................................................................................................................... Historic Aerials
Figure 7 .................................................................................................................... Existing Conditions Map
Figure 8 .................................................................................................................. Proposed Mitigation Map

Appendices
Appendix A ............................................................................................................... Existing Conditions Data
Part 1 ............................................................................................................................................... Photo Log
Part 2 ........................................................................................................................................ Cross-Sections
Part 3 ................................................................................................... NC DWR Stream Identification Forms
Part 4 ....................................................................................................................................... NC SAM Forms
Appendix B ................................................................................................. Adjacent Landowner Information
Appendix C .................................................................................................... Landowner Authorization Form

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1 Introduction
1.1 Project Overview
Water & Land Solutions, LLC (WLS) is submitting this instrument modification for the Miller Mitigation Site
(Project) as part of the WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank (Bank). WLS proposes to develop this
private commercial mitigation site in the Yadkin River Basin, 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 03040101.
The Miller project is the fourth site in the WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Bank. The purpose of the Bank is to
provide stream and wetland mitigation credits to compensate for unavoidable impacts to Waters of the
U.S. authorized under sections 401 and 404 of the Clean Water Act, Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors
Act, and all applicable state statutes.
1.2 Bank Site Location
The Project (36.317593, -80.494101) is located in Surry County, in the Pinnacle Community (Figure 1). The
Project is located in the 12-digit HUC 030401011006 within the Yadkin River Basin. The project reaches
include unnamed tributaries to Grassy Creek. Grassy Creek flows south to its confluence with the Yadkin
River approximately three miles downstream.
To access the Project from Winston-Salem, NC, follow US Highway 52 north for approximately 19 miles.
Take exit 129 for Perch Road towards Pinnacle. Continue on Perch Road for 1.0 mile and turn right onto
Mt. Zion Road. Continue for 2.2 miles and then turn left onto Pinnacle Hotel Road. Continue for
approximately 1.2 miles to the site access off Pinnacle Hotel Road.
1.3 Mitigation Goals and Objectives
The purpose of the proposed bank is to generate compensatory mitigation credits in the Yadkin River
Basin (HUC 03040101). The mitigation goals and objectives will be based on the current resource condition
and functional uplift capacity of the project site watershed to improve and protect aquatic resources
comparable to stable stream systems within the Piedmont Physiographic Province. The proposed bank
will address the general watershed goals and restoration opportunities outlined in the North Carolina
Division of Mitigation Services (DMS) Upper Yadkin River Basin Restoration Priorities Plan (RBRP, 2009).
The project goals include the following components:
1. Reducing sediment, soil erosion, turbidity, and nutrient inputs such as fecal coliform bacteria,
nitrogen, and phosphorus to the Upper Yadkin River Watershed.
2. Restoring, enhancing, preserving and protecting streams, wetlands, riparian buffers and aquatic
habitat functions.
3. Improving riparian corridors and targeting restoration of impacted streams and riparian buffer areas.
4. Implementing agricultural BMPs and water quality features such as livestock exclusion fencing,
alternative watering structures, nutrient management, and stormwater wetlands.

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To accomplish these goals, the following objectives will be measured to document overall project success:

• Provide a floodplain connection to the incised Project stream reaches by lowering bank height
ratios (BHRs) to less than 1.2, thereby promoting more natural floodplain storage and overbank
flood flows.
• Improve bedform diversity by increasing scour pool to pool spacing and depth variability and
livestock exclusion.
• Increase native species riparian buffer vegetation density/composition along streambank and
floodplain areas that meet requirements of a minimum 50 -foot-wide and 210 stems/acre after
the monitoring period.
• Improve aquatic habitat and fish species diversity and migration through the addition of in-stream
cover and native woody debris.
• Site protection through a 14-acre conservation easement that will exclude livestock and protect
all streams, wetlands, riparian buffers, and aquatic resources in perpetuity.
1.4 Watershed Need and Technical Feasibility
As a result of implementing this Project, WLS will restore, enhance, and protect approximately 4,963 linear
feet of stream to address components as defined in the RBRP. In order to appropriately offset unavoidable
impacts to Waters of the United States associated with growth and development, the proposed Project is
critical to improving water quality and protecting aquatic resource functions in this region.
The technical feasibility of the Project is assured due to WLS’ extensive experience with stream and
wetland mitigation in North Carolina and throughout the Southeast. Examples of WLS’ success with
stream and wetland restoration include the WLS Neuse 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank and the WLS Yadkin
01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank. The absence of fatal flaws, such as hydrologic trespass and threatened and
endangered species, means the Project is unlikely to be impeded by resource issues, or by objections from
landowners.
2 Qualifications
2.1 Bank Sponsor
This instrument modification is submitted on behalf of Water & Land Solutions, LLC (Sponsor), who will
serve as the Sponsor for the Miller Mitigation Bank, a site in WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank. The
contact information for the Sponsor is listed below:
Water & Land Solutions, LLC
c/o Cara Conder
7721 Six Forks Road, Suite 130
Raleigh, NC 27615
919-614-5111
[e-mail]
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2.2 Bank Sponsor Qualifications
WLS is a mitigation provider that concentrates on the production and delivery of quality mitigation credits
and services to clients across multiple regions of the United States. WLS was founded with the purpose of
combining the key components of high quality and successful mitigation sites, including the technical
expertise for mitigation site development, the understanding of land management, and the expertise in
environmental economics and finance. Through its inception WLS has identified, targeted, and employed
well-respected practitioners in the mitigation industry who have specifically focused their careers on all
of the unique aspects of successful mitigation project implementation.
Beyond our focus to improve ecological function of impaired systems, WLS has a specific mission to
positively impact people in our industry and the general public through education, partnerships, and
building meaningful relationships. In just over nine years since establishment, WLS has grown to a staff of
44 people located in Raleigh, North Carolina with satellite offices in Weaverville, North Carolina;
Columbus, Ohio; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Charleston, South Carolina; Johnson City, Tennessee; and
Crested Butte, Colorado. WLS staff have been recognized by industry colleagues as leaders in the
development, management, design, permitting, construction, and monitoring of successful mitigation
projects.
2.2.1 Representative Mitigation Projects
WLS staff have extensive experience with stream, wetland, and riparian buffer restoration. Our staff have
been involved with the entire suite of services for hundreds of mitigation projects over nearly two
decades. This experience equates to the successful restoration of hundreds of thousands of feet of stream
and thousands of acres of wetlands. Representative project examples are highlighted below.
Grassy Creek Tributaries Mitigation
Project, Surry County, NC
WLS has developed a private commercial
mitigation bank as part of the WLS Yadkin
01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank located in
the Yadkin River Basin, 8-digit HUC
03040101. This site is located south of the
Town of Pilot Mountain. The Grassy Creek
Tributaries Bank Site drains into waters
classified as ‘Class C’ and Nutrient
Sensitive Waters per the North Carolina
Division of Water Resources. The project
will restor e, enhance and protect over
6,351 linear feet of critical headwater streams that was historically in agricultural use.

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Toms Creek Tributaries Mitigation Project, Surry County, NC
WLS has developed a private commercial
mitigation bank as part of the WLS Yadkin
01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank located in the
Yadkin River Basin, 8-digit HUC 03040101.
The Toms Creek Tributaries Mitigation
Project is located five miles north of the
Town of Pilot Mountain, NC. The Project
site is located in the APM LWP
subwatershed ‘TC-3’ and the unnamed
tributaries drain to Toms Creek, which is
listed as a water supply watershed (WS-II)
for Pilot Mountain and High-Quality
Waters (HQW), according to the NC
Division of Water Resources. These waters are also protected for Class ‘C’ uses per the North Carolina
Division of Water Resources. The project will restore, enhance, preserve and protect over 6,552 linear
feet of critical headwater streams that was historically in agricultural use. In addition, this project will
restore/enhance approximately 2.93 acres of riparian wetlands.
3 Bank Establishment and Operation
The WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Bank has been developed as a private commercial mitigation bank under an
umbrella mitigation banking instrument (UMBI) in the Yadkin River Basin, 8-digit HUC 03040101. The
compensatory mitigation credits developed under the UMBI will be available to public, private, and non-
profit customers. The proposed bank site will include a combination of Stream Restoration, Enhancement,
and Preservation activities, depending upon the need of the individual reach. The proposed mitigation
types, credit ratios, and performance monitoring will follow current USACE guidance documents as
approved by the USACE District Engineer (DE) and IRT.
3.1 Site Ownership
The Sponsor will record a conservation easement in the county Register of Deeds for the site upon IRT
bank approval. WLS has provided Agent Authorization forms in Appendix C. The current property owners
for the proposed site are listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Parcel Ownership Information
Owners of Record Parcel ID Number County Acres Deed Reference
Book/Page
Sam E. and Linda A. Marion 595300975504;
595300967294 Surry 59.03; 18.87 339/920; 459/666
3.2 Proposed Service Area
The proposed Geographic Service Area (GSA) for the Bank is illustrated in Figure 2 and will provide
compensatory mitigation credits for unavoidable, permitted impacts to Waters of the United States in the
Yadkin River Basin 8-Digit HUC 03040101. Use of approved mitigation credits from the Bank to
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compensate for impacts outside the GSA may be considered by USACE on a case-by-case basis. The Site
will provide compensatory mitigation for warm water stream impacts.
3.3 Credit Release Schedule
All credit releases will be based on the total number of mitigation credits generated as reported in the
approved final mitigation plan and verified by the as-built survey. The initial credit release will be based
on the proposed restoration lengths (SMCs) as approved in the final mitigation plan. The credit ledger will
be managed by WLS and approved by the USACE District Engineer (DE) and IRT. The estimated credits will
be released following current USACE guidance, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Credit Release Schedule
Credit
Milestone Release Activity
Stream:
Interim
Release
Stream:
Total
Released
1 Site Establishment and preservation credits
(as defined in Section 3.3.1) 15% 15%
2 Completion of all initial physical and biological improvements
made pursuant to the Mitigation Plan 15% 30%
3 Year 1 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 10% 40%
4 Year 2 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 10% 50%
5 Year 3 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 10% 60%
6 Year 4 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 5% 65% (75%*)
7 Year 5 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 10% 75% (85%*)
8 Year 6 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 5% 80% (90%*)
9 Year 7 Monitoring Report demonstrates that channels are stable
and interim performance standards have been met 10% 90%
(100%*)
Note: *10% reserve of credits to be held back until the bankfull event performance standard has been met.
3.3.1 Initial Allocation of Released Credits
The standard credit release schedule generated through stream mitigation projects will occur upon
establishment of the bank site, and upon initial satisfactory completion of the following activities:

1) Execution and Approval of the UMBI by the Sponsor and the USACE
2) Approval of the Final Mitigation Plan
3) Confirmation the mitigation bank site has been secured
4) Delivery of the financial assurances
5) Recordation of the long-term protection mechanism and title opinion acceptable to the USACE
6) Issuance of the 404-permit verification for construction of the site, if required.

For preservation credits, 100% of the preservation credits will be released with the completion of Task 1
above.
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3.3.2 Subsequent Credit Releases
All subsequent credit releases must be approved by the DE, in consultation with the IRT, once
performance standards have been met or exceeded. Implementation of the approved Mitigation Plan
must be initiated no later than the first full growing season after the date of the first credit transaction
(credit sale). For streams, a reserve of 10% of the site total stream credits will be released after four
bankfull events have occurred, in separate years, provided the channel is stable and all other performance
standards are met. In the event that less than four bankfull events occur during the monitoring period,
release of these reserve credits is at the discretion of the IRT.
3.4 Financial Assurances
The Bank Sponsor will provide financial assurances in the form of a casualty insurance policy or a
performance bond. The financial assurance policy will be submitted for review and approval by the USACE
and Office of General Counsel (OGC) prior to completion of the final MBI. Upon establishment, the USACE
will hold the original policy document to ensure bank compliance and successful project site completion.
Financial assurances shall be payable at the direction of the USACE to his designee or to a standby trust.
Financial assurances structured to provide funds to the USACE in the event of default by the Bank Sponsor
are not acceptable. A financial assurance must be in the form that ensures that the USACE receives
notification at least 120 days in advance of any termination or revocation.
4 Ecological Suitability of the Site
4.1 Existing Conditions
4.1.1 Watershed Characterization
The project site is situated within the Grassy Creek watershed in the southeastern portion of Surry County,
NC. The project reaches include unnamed tributaries to Grassy Creek. The Grassy Creek drainage flows
south to its confluence with the Yadkin River approximately three miles downstream. Grassy Creek is
classified by the NCDEQ Division of Water Resources as Water Supply IV Watershed (WS-IV) waters
within project area downstream to its confluence with Yadkin River.
The project areas consist of mostly pasture and forested areas. The surrounding tributaries that flow
directly into Grassy Creek are largely undeveloped on parcels that are privately owned. However,
development pressure exists within the watershed. The proposed project would extend the wildlife
corridor and protect aquatic and terrestrial habitat in the area through a permanent conservation
easement.
4.1.2 Physiography, Geology, and Soils
The project site is located in the Northern Inner Piedmont (45e) Level IV Ecoregion. The rolling to hilly
Northern Inner Piedmont is characterized by higher elevations, more rugged topography, higher stream
gradients and more mountain outliers than other areas of the Piedmont province. The underlying geology
consists of Metagraywacke and Muscovite-Biotite Schist (‘CZmg’) (Geologic Map of North Carolina, NC
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Geological Survey). Metagraywacke (biotite gneiss) is interlayered and gradational with muscovite-biotite
schist; minor marble and granitic rock.
As shown on the NRCS Soils Map (Figure 4), existing floodplain soils surrounding the project reaches are
mostly within the mapping units FfD (Fairview), FtE (Fairview-Stott Knob complex), and FnC2 (Fairview).
Fairview and Fairview-Stott Knob soils are well drained with high runoff potential. The majority of the
site’s floodplain consists of Fairview soils, cobbly fine sandy loam, 15-25 percent slopes, stony. Fairview-
Stott Knob soils are found along steep slopes (25% to 45%).
4.1.3 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
The streams at the Project were broken down into nine reaches (S100-R1, S100-R2, S100-R3, S100-R4,
S101-R1, S101-R2, S200-R1, S200-R2, and S201) totaling approximately 4,963 linear feet of existing
streams. Project reaches were differentiated based on drainage area breaks at confluences, changes in
restoration approaches and/or property boundaries. Preliminary (unverified) field evaluations
determined that project reaches S100-R2, S100-R3, S100-R4, S200-R1, and S200-R2 are perennial streams.
S100-R1, S101-R1, S101-R2, and S201 are intermittent streams. The presence of historic valleys for each
of the project stream reaches can be seen from LiDAR imagery (Figure 5), and are obvious through field
observation. These evaluations were based on NCDWR’s Methodology for Identification of Intermittent
and Perennial Streams and Their Origins, (v4.11, Effective Date: September 1, 2010) stream assessment
protocols. WLS will submit a Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination request prior to the Mitigation Plan
development phase.
Table 3. Reach Watershed Drainage & Jurisdictional Status
Project Reach
Designation
Watershed
Drainage Area
(mi2)
Watershed
Drainage Area
(ac)
Stream Status Based on
Field Analyses
NCDWQ Stream
Classification
Form Score
S100-R1 0.015 9.47 Intermittent 20.0
S100-R2 0.081 51.66 Perennial 35.0
S100-R3 0.249 159.22 Perennial 35.0
S100-R4 0.272 174.22 Perennial 35.0
S101-R1 0.011 7.25 Intermittent 23.5
S101-R2 0.013 8.30 Intermittent 23.5
S200-R1 0.076 48.81 Perennial 32.5
S200-R2 0.079 50.48 Perennial 32.5
S201 0.014 9.14 Intermittent 21.0
4.1.4 Existing Reach Descriptions
WLS conducted field investigations in the spring of 2024 to evaluate and document the existing conditions
at the site, as well as for each of the project stream reaches and wetland areas. The results of the cross-
section surveys and the visual field evaluations were used to conduct geomorphic stream classification
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and assess channel stability for each of the project stream reaches. Site reaches were also assessed using
the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM) (Appendix A). The summary of the morphological
parameters and NC SAM are located in Table 4.
Table 4. Existing Reach Description
Project Reach
Designation
Existing
Length
(LF)
Entrenchment
Ratio (ER)
Width/Depth
Ratio (W/D)
Bank Height
Ratio (BHR)
Existing
Channel Type
(Rosgen
Classification)
NC SAM
Rating
S100-R1 322 2.18 25 1.0 B4a High
S100-R2 1,905 1.32, 1.45 4.77, 7.51 2.47, 3.43 B4, G4 Low
S100-R3 785 1.18 17.39 2.31 F4b Low
S100-R4 604 2.29 18.98 1.0 C4 High
S101-R1 255 1.42 12.07 1.88 B4a Medium
S101-R2 178 1.62 5.42 5.68 B4a Low
S200-R1 398 1.11 18.34 4.92 F4b Medium
S200-R2 356 1.92 22.25 1.0 B4 High
S201 160 1.46 6.00 2.01 B4 Low

The existing project streams have been degraded because of historic and current land use practices,
including agriculture. Agricultural practices, including regular channelization, streambank maintenance,
and animal husbandry have severely impacted the streambanks along many of the project stream reaches.
Most of the project streams are incised and unstable, with documented channel manipulations (i.e.
straightening, widening) and associated bank erosion. Clearing of stream buffers for agricultural purposes
has removed or reduced high functioning riparian buffers. Currently, the project reaches act as significant
sources of sediment and nutrient contamination to the watershed, as well as the receiving waters.
S100-R1: S100-R1 is an intermittent tributary that begins just below a small farm pond along the northern
project boundary. The reach flows south for approximately 322 feet to the current ford crossing. The
valley slope in this reach is approximately 5.8 percent and the drainage area is 9.47 acres. The channel is
vertically and horizontally stable with significant portion of the bed containing gravel substrate. The
riparian buffer is a minimum of 50 feet wide on the left floodplain throughout the entire reach length, and
the right floodplain is less than 50 feet. Cattle have unrestricted access to this area. Based on the existing
conditions, the reach is classified as an incised Rosgen ‘B4a’ stream type.
S100-R2: S100-R2 continues to flow south below S100-R1 for approximately 1,905 feet before terminating
into S100-R3. A portion of the reach is impacted by a large farm pond. The valley slope in this reach is
approximately 3.5 percent and the drainage area is 51.7 acres. The reach is highly incised (BHR = 2.4) and
entrenched (ER = 1.3) and continues to downcut causing excessive bank failures and erosion. In some
areas the riparian buffer exceeds 50 feet but much of the buffer is sparse with few trees and contains
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many invasive species. Based on the existing conditions and gravel bed material, the reach in this section
is classified as an incised Rosgen ‘B4/G4’ stream type.
S100-R3: S100-R3 continues to flow south below the confluence of S100-R2 and S200 for approximately
785 feet before terminating into S100-R4. The valley slope is approximately 2.3 percent, and the drainage
area is 159.2 acres. The reach is highly incised (BHR = 2.3) and entrenched (ER = 1.2) and was moved out
of its natural valley against the valley wall to accommodate a larger agricultural pasture. The riparian
buffer is a minimum of 50 feet wide on a majority of the right bank, and there is very little buffer on the
left floodplain. There are heavy stands of invasive species throughout the corridor. Based on the existing
conditions, the reach is classified as a Rosgen ‘F4b’ stream type.
S100-R4: S100-R4 continues to flow south for approximately 604 feet before terminating at the
southernmost project boundary. The reach has a drainage area of 174.2 acres and a valley slope of
approximately 2.3 percent. The reach is highly sinuous (k=1.48) for the valley type. The channel has been
relatively undisturbed, with minimal erosion along the stream banks. As a result, this reach is highly stable,
with high bedform diversity and BHRs that are near 1.0. Cattle do not have access to this stream reach.
Based on the current conditions and coarse gravel/small cobble, the reach is classified as a Rosgen ‘C4’
stream type.
S101-R1: S101-R1 starts as a small intermittent headwater tributary along the eastern project boundary.
This reach flows west for approximately 255 feet to the reach break S101-R2. The reach has a small
drainage area of 7.3 acres and a valley slope of approximately 7.2 percent. The reach is incised (BHR = 1.9)
and entrenched/moderately entrenched (ER = 1.4.) but has a relatively stable bed and stream banks.
There is some riparian buffer on each side of the channel. Cattle have unrestricted access to this area.
Based on the current conditions and gravel substrate, the reach is classified as a Rosgen ‘B4a’ stream type.
S101-R2: S101-R2 continues to flow west below S101-R1 for approximately 178 feet before the confluence
into S100-R3. The reach has a valley slope of 7.2 percent and drainage area of 8.3 acres. The channel is
severely incised (BHR = 5.7) and moderately entrenched (ER = 1.6.) Mature woody vegetation is absent
along most of this reach, and cattle currently have direct access which has led to growth of sparse
understory vegetation. Based on the existing channel conditions and anthropogenic disturbances, the
reach is classified as an incised Rosgen ‘B4a’ stream type.
S200-R1: S200-R1 begins at a property line along the western project boundary and flows southeast for
approximately 356 feet to S200-R2. The reach has a valley slope of 4.5 percent and drainage area of 48.8
acres. The channel is severely incised (BHR = 4.9) and entrenched (ER = 1.1.) While the channel has large
cobble present stabilizing the bed, active bank erosion and slumping are contributing fine sediment into
the channel degrading the in-stream habitat. The riparian buffer exceeds 50 feet on both sides of the
channel, but cattle have destroyed much of the woody and herbaceous understory. Based on the existing
channel conditions and anthropogenic disturbances, the reach is classified as an incised Rosgen ‘F4b’
stream type.
S200-R2: S200-R2 continues to flow southeast below S200-R1 for approximately 178 feet before the
confluence with S100-R3. The reach has a valley slope of 4.9 percent and drainage area of 50.5 acres. The
channel is stable both horizontally and vertically with areas of large bedrock knickpoints. The reach is not
incised and slightly entrenched (ER = 1.9.) The stream channel has been relatively undisturbed, with
minimal erosion along the stream banks. As a result, this reach is stable with high bedform diversity. The
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riparian buffer is dominated by small woody shrubs and heavy herbaceous cover with a few larger trees
scattered throughout the reach. Based on the current conditions and gravel substrate, the reach is
classified as a Rosgen ‘B4’ stream type.
S201: S201 is a small intermittent headwater tributary that originates along the westernmost property
boundary and flows east for approximately 160 feet before the confluence with S200. The channel is
classified as intermittent but exhibits consistent bed and bank features and flows within its natural valley.
S201 has a drainage area of approximately 9.1 acres and the valley slope is 10.4 percent. The channel is
severely incised (BHR = 2.0) and moderately entrenched (ER = 1.5.) The reach has a large riparian buffer
(>50 feet), but little understory growth due to the presence of cattle. Based on the current conditions and
gravel substrate, the reach is classified as a Rosgen ‘B4’ stream type.
4.1.5 Existing Wetland Conditions
Unverified riparian wetland areas were identified along the S100-R2 floodplain: W01 (0.022 acres), W02
(0.025 acres), and W03 (0.112 acres). A detailed wetland delineation has been performed, but not
submitted to the USACE for verification. The site will be reviewed and approved by the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers (USACE) before the mitigation plan phase of the project. There are no proposed wetland
mitigation areas on this project or wetland mitigation credits.
4.2 Regulatory Considerations
4.2.1 Existing Easements
There are no other existing easements on the site, except for a powerline above S100-R3 and this area
will be removed from the conservation easement. The proposed conservation easement has three
additional easement breaks for farm crossings.
4.2.2 Mineral or Water Rights Assurance
There are no known mineral or surface water rights issues within or adjacent to the site properties.
4.2.3 FEMA Floodplain Compliance and Hydrologic Trespass
The lower portion of S100-R4 is located within the FEMA regulated floodplain (“Zone AE”) (Figure 7).
Because S100-R4 is a preservation reach no work will be conducted and thus no impacts will be made to
the FEMA regulated floodplain. While it is not anticipated that there will be issues associated with FEMA
permitting or documentation, WLS will coordinate with the local floodplain administrator as needed and
prepare the required documentation to obtain approval for any FEMA regulated impacts. In addition, the
project will be designed so that any increase in flooding will be contained within the project boundary and
will not impact adjacent landowners, therefore hydrologic trespass will not be a concern.
4.2.4 Invasive Species Vegetation
There are individual or small clumps of Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) located along S100-R2 and S101-
R1. Chinese privet is denser along the buffer of S100-R3, S101-R2, and S200-R2. There are sparse areas of
multiflora rose throughout the project area as well. Chinese privet and multiflora rose will be removed as
part of the overall restoration approach. After restoration, these areas will be monitored, and any invasive
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plants found within the project boundary will be treated to prevent expansion and establishment of a
substantial invasive community. This will allow for a healthy, native riparian and upland plant community
to dominate the area and help prevent future establishment of invasive species vegetation.
4.2.5 Cultural Resources & Aviation
The project is not anticipated to have any adverse impacts on cultural or historic resources. There are no
sites currently listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) within the project area. The nearest
site is the Houston Marion House (HPO Site ID: SR0134) which is approximately 0.15 miles from the project
site. This home is listed as ‘Gone?’ and is on the other side of State Road 2048. On-site investigations and
discussions with the landowner have not disclosed any potential resources or occurrences of this type on
the property. The environmental screening phase of the Project will include NC State Historic Preservation
Office (SHPO) coordination to confirm these findings. Based on a review using Google Earth, there are no
airports within a five-mile radius. The project is not anticipated to affect aviation.
4.2.6 Threatened and Endangered Species
Based on a review of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) database and IPAC, there are currently five
federally-listed threatened and endangered species known to occur in Surry County: Northern long-eared
bat (Myotis septentrionalis; endangered), gray bat (Myotis grisescens; endangered), tri-colored bat
(Perimyotis subflavus; proposed endangered), bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii; similarity of
appearance threatened), and Schweinitz’s sunflower (Helianthus schweinitzii; endangered). No potential
protected species occurrences were observed during initial site investigations. Project implementation is
not anticipated to have a negative impact on these species. WLS will coordinate with the appropriate
agencies should a determination be required for permitting.
4.2.7 Conditions Affecting Hydrology
Within the project area there is a large farm pond on S100-R2 and three existing ford crossings (S100-R2,
S101-R1, and S100-R3). The farm pond will be removed, and a new channel will be designed within the
pond’s footprint. The three crossings will remain, but will be replaced with a culvert crossing.
4.2.8 Adjacent Land Use
Site-adjacent land use is primarily agricultural and forested. None of these land uses will have negative
impacts on the operation of the site.
5 Mitigation Work Plan
5.1 Site Design Approach
The project will involve the restoration, enhancement, and preservation of nine stream reaches (S100-R1,
S100-R2, S100-R3, S100-R4, S101-R1, S101-R2, S200-R1, S200-R2, and S201) totaling approximately 4,963
linear feet (Figure 8). The Project appropriately addresses all of the jurisdictional stream reaches at the
project site, including restoring riparian buffers along all of the project stream reaches currently in
agriculture and pasture. Due to past downcutting and overwidening associated with channelization, grade
control along the project reaches appears to be provided by ford crossings and bedrock knickpoints. Some
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of the project reaches are highly unstable, with associated channel degradation and widespread stream
bank erosion. Many of the riparian buffers have been disturbed and completely or partially cleared. The
proposed project will provide adequate floodplain access to all stream reaches. Priority Level I and II
Restoration is proposed along the restoration reaches to reconnect the project streams with their
geomorphic floodplains. In upper and lower transition sections, the following elements will be
incorporated into the Priority Level II Restoration design and construction:
• Floodplain bench excavation grading will extend a minimum of 1.5 bankfull widths beyond the
stream belt width such that meandering floodplains are not created.
• All proposed floodplains will be constructed such that they are over-excavated to accommodate
replacement of topsoil.
• Design and construction oversight measures will ensure the proper harvesting, segregating,
stockpiling, storage, handling, overall management and replacement of A and B soil horizon
materials onto the excavated floodplain.
• Constructed return slopes between the outer edge of the excavated floodplain and the terrace
will be a minimum of 3:1 or flatter.
The Project will provide increased floodplain access throughout the project area for all reaches and will
be monitored to demonstrate successful floodplain function. The stream channel design will include
analysis of the hydrology, hydraulics, shear stress, sediment transport, and bankfull channel dimensions.
WLS will consider three methods (field indicators if present, published regional curve information, and
hydraulic modeling) for estimating a bankfull discharge. The hydrology and hydraulics analysis will
evaluate a range of lower flow discharges and flood frequency curves to help determine an appropriate
design discharge. The design discharge will be used to select an appropriate channel geometry and help
monitor long-term project performance.
Sediment Transport Considerations
The project reaches were observed to be predominantly gravel bed, with some larger cobble materials in
a few locations. Sediment transport calculations and stream power analyses will be performed for both
the existing channels and the proposed design channels. WLS will assess the stream’s transport capacity
and competency to quantify the stream’s ability to transport its sediment load. WLS will perform
quantitative channel assessments that includes collecting sediment samples and predicting streambank
erosion rates and comparing model results using the BANCS Method (BEHI/NBS) to evaluate bed and bank
material characteristics and estimate sediment yields. WLS will also perform watershed analysis to
estimate how much sediment is being supplied to the project reaches by determining load rates from
upland sources. The substrate material will be sieved and a grain size distribution developed. The results
of the sediment transport analyses will be used to classify the streams, and complete critical shear stress
calculations required for designing slopes/depths and predicting channel stability.
Stream and Floodplain Improvement Features
Stream improvement features such as in-stream structures and bioengineering techniques are proposed
for grade control, streambank protection, and improving bedform diversity and aquatic habitat. All in-
stream structures will be constructed from materials naturally found in the region such as hardwood trees,
trunks/logs, brush/branches, and gravel stone materials. In order to ensure sustainability of these
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structures, WLS will use design and construction methods that have proven successful on numerous past
projects in the same geographic region and similar site conditions.
WLS will also incorporate bioengineering practices, when appropriate, that use biodegradable materials
and fabrics, uncompacted soils, live plant cuttings, and native species vegetation to stabilize streambanks.
Bioengineering allows for the quick establishment of deep-rooted vegetation along the newly restored
streambanks. Once established, these live, dormant plant cuttings will provide long-term bank stability to
the treated areas and prevent further bank erosion and sedimentation. Floodplain features such as
depressions, sloughs, meander scars, vernal pools, and tree throws are commonly found in natural
riparian systems. These floodplain features will be incorporated to improve aquatic and terrestrial habitat
and serve as water storage and sediment sinks.
Site Access and Constructability
WLS has field verified that the site has adequate construction access. Where practicable, impacts to
existing native riparian buffer vegetation will be minimized. Any potential impacts to existing wetland
areas will be avoided as practicable during construction, with only temporary, minimal impacts expected
only as necessary for maximized permanent stream, wetland, and riparian buffer functional uplift.
5.2 Proposed Stream Conditions
Restoration
S100-R2: Work along S100-R2 will involve excavating a bankfull bench before raising the bed elevation
and reconnecting the stream with its geomorphic floodplain. The channel will be restored in its current
valley location. The existing pond will be removed, and both the stream and valley will be restored to
predevelopment conditions. Since the reach is heavily incised, proposed grading activities will initially
involve a shallow Priority Level II Restoration approach by gradually raising the bed elevation and
reconnecting the stream with its constructed floodplain. The reach will be restored as a Rosgen ‘B4’
stream type using appropriate step-pool morphology with a moderate meander planform geometry that
accommodates the valley slope and width.
The design approach will restore a stable channel form with appropriate bedform diversity, as well as
improved ecological function through increased aquatic and terrestrial habitats. The design width/depth
ratio will be similar to stable streams in this geologic setting. In-stream structures will be incorporated to
dissipate flow energies, protect streambanks, and eliminate the potential for further bank erosion. In-
stream structures may include constructed riffles for grade control and aquatic habitat, log j-hook vanes,
log vanes, and angled log drops for increasing pool formation, bank stability, and bedform diversity.
Existing stream substrate will be harvested and reused for in-stream structures where available and
appropriate. Riparian buffers of at least 50 feet wide will be maintained and/or supplementally planted
along the entire reach. Chinese privet will be removed in this area and native riparian species vegetation
will be planted in the resulting disturbed areas. Permanent fencing will be installed to exclude livestock
and reduce sediment and nutrient inputs.
S100-R3: Work along S100-R3 will involve a Rosgen Priority Level I Restoration approach. S100-R3 is
incised with multiple active headcuts and has also been moved to the valley edge to increase adjacent
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agricultural pasture. The channel will be moved back to the center of the valley to allow greater access to
the natural floodplain. The reach will be restored as a Rosgen ‘B4’ stream type using appropriate step-
pool morphology with moderate planform geometry that accommodates the valley slope and width.
Proposed in-stream structures will include constructed wood and stone riffles for grade control and
habitat, brush toe, cover logs, and angled log steps for encouraging step-pool formation, energy
dissipation, bank stability, and bedform diversity and to provide natural scour features and improved
aquatic habitat.
A permanent culverted stream crossing will be improved at the same location to replace the existing ford
stream crossing downstream of S101-R2 to allow access between pastures. The existing unstable channel
will be filled with suitable fill material and a new bankfull channel will be built offline connecting it to its
geomorphic floodplain. Shallow depressional areas will provide habitat diversity, temporary sediment
storage and improved treatment of overland flows. Permanent fencing will be installed to exclude
livestock and reduce sediment and nutrient inputs. Any invasive species vegetation will be removed and
native riparian species vegetation will be planted within the conservation easement. Riparian buffers in
excess of 50 feet will be restored and protected along the entire length of the reach.
S101-R2: Work along this reach will involve stabilizing a headcut below the existing ford crossing with in-
stream drop structures and creating appropriate pool spacing and a stable connection with S100-R3. The
channel is straightened and downcut along most of the reach and will be restored as a step-pool system
within the current alignment before transitioning to S100-R3. A permanent culverted stream crossing will
be improved at the same location to replace the existing ford stream crossing. Riparian buffers will be
planted a minimum of 50 feet from the top of banks and protected along the entire reach length. Chinese
privet will be removed in this area and native riparian species vegetation will be planted in the resulting
disturbed areas. Permanent fencing will be installed to exclude livestock and reduce sediment and
nutrient inputs.
S200-R1: S200-R1 is both incised and entrenched and has downcut to the larger parent material. Work
will involve a Priority I and II restoration approach by excavating a bankfull bench before raising the bed
elevation and reconnecting the stream with its geomorphic floodplain. The channel is straightened and
downcut along the entire length and will be restored as a step-pool system within the current alignment
before transitioning to S200-R2. Riparian buffers of at least 50 feet wide will be maintained and/or
supplementally planted along the entire reach. Any invasive species vegetation will be removed in this
area and native riparian species vegetation will be planted in the resulting disturbed areas. Permanent
fencing will be installed to exclude livestock and reduce sediment and nutrient inputs.
S201: S201 is a small headwater tributary that is both incised and entrenched. Lack of in-channel
substrate and vegetation on the banks exacerbate the channel degradation. Work will on this reach will
involve a Priority I restoration connecting it back to its natural floodplain. The channel is straightened and
downcut along the entire length and will be restored as a step-pool system within the current alignment
before transitioning to S200-R1. The restored channel will follow the historic flow pattern and spread out
through channel depressions during higher flow events, providing a more natural hydrologic function.
Riparian buffers will be planted a minimum of 50 feet from the top of banks and protected along the entire
reach length.
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Enhancement Level II
S100-R1: Work along reach S100-R1 will involve Enhancement Level II practices to improve the current
riparian buffer conditions and prevent future cattle trampling. These areas have been historically
disturbed through agricultural practices, however the stream channel exhibits stable conditions
throughout most of their length. The existing ford crossing on S100-R1 will be improved to a culverted
stream crossing to allow the landowner access to the northwest property corner. Riparian buffers of at
least 50 feet wide will be maintained and/or supplementally planted along the entire reach. Additionally,
permanent fencing will be installed or improved to permanently exclude livestock and reduce direct
sediment and nutrient inputs. Any exotic species vegetation will be removed in this area and native
riparian species vegetation will be planted in the resulting disturbed areas.
S101-R1: Due to the limited past disturbances and current condition of S101-R1, an Enhancement Level
II approach is proposed to reduce isolated bank erosion and prevent future cattle trampling. Most of the
reach has adequate riparian buffer vegetation and exhibits a stable step-pool morphology. The bed
material consists of large gravel material which provides adequate grade control as the reach transitions
into S101-R2. Riparian buffers of at least 50 feet wide will be maintained and/or supplementally planted
along the entire reach. Additionally, permanent fencing will be installed or improved to permanently
exclude livestock and reduce direct sediment and nutrient inputs. Any exotic species vegetation will be
removed in this area and native riparian species vegetation will be planted in the resulting disturbed areas.
S200-R2: S200-R2 starts immediately below S200-R1 and flows east to its confluence with S100-R3. Work
on this reach will involve Enhancement Level II practices to provide a stable connection with S200-R1 and
improve the stability of the channel. Currently the reach is mostly stable, but experiencing hoof shear and
minor bank erosion/trampling. This enhancement approach will exclude cattle and allow the reach to
naturally create a stable channel form with appropriate bedform diversity, as well as improved ecological
function through increased aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Permanent fencing will be installed to exclude
livestock and reduce sediment and nutrient inputs. Riparian buffers of at least 50 feet wide will be
maintained and/or supplementally planted along the entire reach. Any exotic species vegetation will be
removed in this area and native riparian species vegetation will be planted in the resulting disturbed areas.
Preservation
S100-R4: Preservation is being proposed along S100-R4 since the existing stream system is stable with a
mostly mature riparian buffer due to limited historic impacts. S100-R4 will be protected in perpetuity
through a conservation easement. Any exotic species vegetation will be removed and a 100-foot-wide
riparian buffer where possible will permanently protected the reach. Cattle are currently excluded from
this reach and will continue to be excluded.
Water Quality Improvement Features
WLS may implement water quality improvement features as practices or measures as part of a
comprehensive watershed restoration approach. When implemented collectively along with stream,
riparian buffer, and riparian wetland restoration, these water quality improvement features can be
effective agricultural BMPs that reduce pollutants from concentrated flows, particularly nutrient and
sediment loadings from cattle pastures, and therefore provide additional ecological uplift to the project.
The features will be excavated along the project reaches at non-jurisdictional or depressional areas where
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ephemeral drainages intersect with the project boundary. WLS will identify potential locations for water
quality improvement features following the topographic survey.
5.2.1 Proposed Revegetation Plan
Riparian buffers will be established a minimum of 50 feet from the top of the streambanks along each of
the Project reaches, as well as permanently protecting those buffers with a conservation easement. Many
of the proposed riparian buffer widths within the conservation easement are greater than 50 feet along
one or both streambanks to provide additional functional uplift potential, such as encompassing adjacent
wetland areas. Proposed plantings will be conducted using native species trees and shrubs, in the form of
live stakes and seedlings will predominantly consist of bare root vegetation planted at a total target
density of 680 stems per acre. The proposed plant selection will help to establish canopy cover and soil
stability based on an appropriate reference community. Schafale’s (2023) guidance on vegetation
communities for Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest (Piedmont Subtype) and the USACE Wetland Research
Program (WRP) Technical Note VN-RS-4.1, as well as existing mature species identified throughout the
project area, will be referenced during the development of riparian buffer and adjacent riparian wetland
plants for the Project site.
5.3 Reference Ecosystems
Reference ecosystems will be identified and surveyed that represent similar conditions to the restored
stream system. Stream channel geometry and morphologic relationships will be based on published
regional curve relationships, reference reach information and empirical data from successful past
projects.
6 Potential Functional Uplift & Ecological Benefits
6.1 Benefits Related to Hydrology
The potential functional uplift and ecological benefits to impairments are summarized below as part of
the overall project goals.

• Floodplain Connectivity – A Priority Level I Restoration approach will reconnect channels with
their active and/or relic floodplains and improve stream and wetland hydrology to areas that have
been degraded and/or been historically manipulated.
• Surface Storage and Retention – The restored streams will be raised and reconnected to their
active or relic floodplains to restore hydrology and to spread higher flow energies onto the
floodplain thereby increasing retention time, storage, and roughness. Incorporation of
depressional areas and other floodplain features will provide additional retention, storage and
habitat diversity and uplift. Native species riparian vegetation will be established throughout the
riparian buffer corridor.
• Groundwater Recharge and Hyporheic Exchange – The restored riparian buffers and
microtopography will increase infiltration and improve overall hydrogeologic function. Benefits
will be achieved through the establishment of vegetated buffers which increase groundwater
infiltration, surface water interaction and recharge rates.
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• Proper Channel Form – Restoring an appropriate dimension, pattern, and profile will efficiently
transport and deposit sediment (point bars and floodplain sinks) relative to the stream power and
load that is supplied from banks, adjacent uplands, and watershed. Stream channels that are
appropriately sized to convey flows and sediment load will greatly improve channel stability by
reducing bed degradation and aggradation.
• In-stream Structures – In-stream structures, such as angled log step-pools, log vanes, j-hook
vanes, toe wood and constructed riffles made from native woody and rock materials, will help to
control grade and reduce bank erosion by diverting shear stress away from streambanks during
storm events.
• Sediment Transport – Boundary conditions, land use, climate, and geologic controls influence
stream channel formation, migration, and how sediment is transported through its watershed.
Appropriate transport capacity, flow competency and bed material size will ensure sediment is
more evenly distributed, such that excessive degradation and aggradation do not occur.
Adequately transporting or entraining fine-grain sediment will prevent embeddedness and create
interstitial habitat and in-stream cover within riffle areas.
6.2 Benefits Related to Habitat
• Proper channel form – Restoring an appropriate bedform and geometry will efficiently transport
and deposit sediment (point bars and floodplain sinks) relative to the stream power and load that
is supplied from banks and uplands. Stream channels that are appropriately sized to convey
smaller storm flows will greatly improve channel stability by reducing active bank erosion (lateral
stability) and bed degradation (vertical stability, i.e., headcuts, downcutting, incision).
• Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitat – Benefits will be achieved through the incorporation of physical
structures, removal of invasive species and re-establishing and enhancing native vegetation to the
riparian buffer areas. Benefits to aquatic organisms will be achieved through the installation of
appropriate in-stream structures using native rock material and woody debris. Adequately
transporting and depositing fine-grain sediment onto the floodplain will prevent embeddedness
and create interstitial habitat, organic food resources and in-stream cover. In-stream habitat will
be improved by creating deeper pools and areas of re-aeration. These lotic systems can provide
sources of organic matter that ultimately improve the biodiversity of downstream river systems.

• Landscape Connectivity – Benefits to landscape connectivity will be achieved by restoring a
healthy stream corridor, promoting aquatic and terrestrial species migration and protecting their
shared resources in perpetuity.
6.3 Benefits Related to Water Quality
• Nutrient Reduction/Native Buffer Vegetation – Currently, excess nutrients and pollutants such
as nitrogen/phosphorus from agricultural practices are entering many of the project reaches
without adequate riparian buffers (fragmentation). High-functioning riparian buffer vegetation
will be established or enhanced and permanently protected to remove direct pollutant sources
and filter runoff prior to entering the project reaches.
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• Sediment Reduction – Benefit will be achieved through stabilization of eroding banks; installation
of vegetated buffers; and by dissipating excess flow energy and shear stress with increased
overbank flows during storm events.
• DO, NO3-, DOC Concentration – Benefits will be achieved through the restoration of more natural
stream bedforms, including riffle and pool sequences, which will increase dissolved oxygen (DO)
concentrations. In addition, as planted riparian buffers mature, increased shade and wider
vegetation density/structure will reduce water temperatures and groundwater nitrates (NO3-) as
well as increase dissolved organic carbon (DOC).
• Bioengineering Treatments – Bioengineering practices such as live staking, brush layering, and
vegetated soil lifts will provide lateral bank stability, rapid tree growth and bank shading to reduce
water temperatures, bank erosion and increase dissolved oxygen levels.
7 Credit Determination
7.1 Proposed Credit Types
Expected credit types are Stream Mitigation Credits (SMCs). SMCs (Warm Thermal Regime) will be
generated through Stream Restoration, Enhancement, and Preservation (Table 5).
Table 5. Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits (SMCs)
Reach Designation Type of Mitigation
Proposed
Stream Length
(LF)
Ratio
Stream
Mitigation
Credits (SMCs)
S100-R1 Stream Enhancement II 322 5:1 64.40
S100-R2 Stream Restoration (PI/PII) 1,905 1:1 1,905.00
S100-R3 Stream Restoration (PI) 785 1:1 785.00
S100-R4 Stream Preservation 604 10:1 60.40
S101-R1 Stream Enhancement II 255 5:1 51.00
S101-R2 Stream Restoration (PI) 178 1:1 178.00
S200-R1 Stream Restoration (PI/PII) 398 1:1 398.00
S200-R2 Stream Enhancement II 356 5:1 71.20
S201 Stream Restoration (PI) 160 1:1 160.00
Total 4,963 3,673.00
Note 1: No mitigation credits are proposed outside the conservation easement boundaries.
8 Monitoring
Stream stability, hydrology, and vegetation survival will be monitored across the Project to determine the
success of the stream and wetland mitigation. Monitoring and performance standards will follow the
guidance provided in the 2016 USACE Wilmington District Stream and Wetland Compensatory Mitigation
Update. Stream stability will be monitored with cross-section surveys and visual assessment stream walks.
Stream hydrology will be monitored with gauges. Vegetation survival rates will be monitored using
vegetation plots over approximately two percent of the planted area.
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8.1 As-Built Survey
An as-built survey will be conducted following construction to document channel size, condition, and
location on constructed or modified channels. The survey will include a complete profile of thalweg, water
surface, bankfull, and top of bank to compare with future geomorphic data. Longitudinal profiles will not
be required in annual monitoring reports unless requested by the USACE.
8.2 Visual Monitoring
Visual monitoring of all mitigation areas will be conducted a minimum of twice per monitoring year by
qualified individuals. The visual assessments will include vegetation density, vigor, invasive species, and
easement encroachments. Visual assessments of stream stability will include a complete a stream walk
and structure inspection. Photographs will be taken at fixed representative locations (cross-sections,
enhancement reaches, and crossings) to record each monitoring event, as well as any noted problem
areas or areas of concern. Results of visual monitoring will be presented in a plan view exhibit with a brief
description of problem areas and digital images. Photographs will be used to subjectively evaluate channel
aggradation or degradation, bank erosion, success of riparian vegetation, and effectiveness of erosion
control measures. Longitudinal photos should indicate the absence of developing bars within the channel
or an excessive increase in channel depth. Lateral photos should not indicate excessive erosion or
continuing degradation of the banks over time. A series of photos over time should indicate successional
maturation of riparian vegetation.
8.3 Channel Dimension
Permanent cross-sections will be installed at a minimum of one per 20 bankfull widths with half in pools
and half in riffles. All cross-section measurements will include bank height ratio and entrenchment ratio.
Cross-sections will be monitored annually. There should be little change in as-built cross-sections.
8.4 Flow Duration Monitoring
Monitoring of stream flow will be conducted to demonstrate that the restored stream systems classified
as intermittent exhibit surface flow for a minimum of 30 consecutive days throughout some portion of the
year during a year with normal rainfall conditions. The proposed monitoring of restored intermittent
reaches will include the installation of flow devices (continuous-read pressure transducers) within the
thalweg (bottom) of the channel towards the upper-third portion of the reach.
8.5 Vegetation
Vegetation monitoring plots will be a minimum of 0.02 acres in size and cover approximately two percent
of the restoration planted area. This does not include areas that are supplementally planted due to
existing vegetation. The following data will be recorded for all trees/shrubs in the plots: species, height,
planting date (or volunteer), and grid location. Monitoring will occur each year during the monitoring
period. The interim measures of vegetative success for the sites will be the survival of at least 320 planted
three-year old trees per acre at the end of Year 3 and 260 five-year old trees per acre at the end of Year
5. The final vegetative success criteria will be the survival of 210 trees per acre with an average height of
10 feet at the end of Year 7 of the monitoring period.
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9 Long-Term Management
9.1 Maintenance
The Project will be protected in perpetuity by a recorded conservation easement. The conservation
easement will allow for annual site inspections during the post-construction monitoring period. These site
inspections may identify components and features that require routine maintenance. The site will be
monitored on a regular basis and a physical inspection will take place at least once a year throughout the
post-construction monitoring period until performance standards are met. Routine post-construction
maintenance may include the following components as described in Table 6.
Table 6. Routine Maintenance Components
Feature Maintenance Activity Through Close -out
Stream Routine channel maintenance and repair activities may include modifying in-stream structures to
prevent piping, securing loose coir matting, and supplemental installation of live stakes and other
target vegetation along the Project reaches. Areas of concen trated stormwater and floodplain flows
that intercept the channel may also require maintenance.

Beaver
Management
Routine maintenance and repair activities caused by beaver activity may include supplemental
planting, pruning, and dewatering/dam removal. Beaver management will be implemented using
accepted trapping and removal methods only within the recorded Conservat ion Easement.

Vegetation Vegetation will be maintained to ensure the health and vigor of the targeted plant community.
Routine vegetation maintenance and repair activities may include supplemental planting, pruning,
and fertilizing. Exotic invasive plant species will be treated by mechanical and/or chemical methods.
Any invasive plant species control requiring herbicide application will be performed in accordance
with NCDA rules and regulations.

Project Site
Boundary
Project boundaries will be demarcated in the field to ensure clear distinction between the Project site
and adjacent properties. Boundaries may be identified by fence, marker, bollard, post, or other means
as allowed by Project conditions and/or conservation easement. Boundary markers disturbed,
damaged, or destroyed will be repaired and/or replaced on an as needed basis.

Stream Crossing The stream crossings within the Project may be maintained only as allowed by the recorded
Conservation Easement, deed restrictions, rights of way, or corridor agreements. Stream crossings
will be excluded from the easement area and maintained by the landowner.

9.2 Long-Term Management
Upon final IRT approval and project closeout, the site will be transferred to a long-term land steward. The
responsible party for long-term management has not yet been chosen, but will be approved by the DE
and IRT prior to the bank establishment. The long-term management and land steward shall be
responsible for periodic/routine inspection of the site to ensure that the conservation easement and/or
the deed restrictions are being upheld. Any endowment funds for the conservation easement and deed
restrictions shall be negotiated prior to site transfer to the responsible party. The management activities
will be conducted in accordance with the terms and conditions of the approved UMBI as agreed to by
WLS, USACE, and the IRT.
WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank - Miller Site
Page 24
9.3 Adaptive Management Plan
In the event the mitigation site or a specific component of the mitigation site fails to achieve the necessary
performance standards as specified in the approved mitigation plan, the Sponsor shall notify the USACE
and coordinate with IRT members to develop a remedial action plan. The Sponsor will also coordinate
with the USACE to obtain authorization and approval to conduct the remedial action. The remedial action
plan should describe the source or reason for the failure, a concise description of the corrective measures
that are proposed, and a time frame for the implementation of the corrective measures. Additional
monitoring, as prescribed by IRT guidance, may also be required to satisfy the performance standards.

Figures

Figure 1 – Project Location Map
Figure 2 – Geographic Service Area Map
Figure 3 – USGS Topographic Map
Figure 4 – NRCS Soils Map
Figure 5 – LiDAR Map
Figure 6a – 1977 Aerial Photograph
Figure 6b – 1993 Aerial Photograph
Figure 6c – 2012 Aerial Photograph
Figure 7 – Existing Conditions Map
Figure 8 – Proposed Mitigation Map

Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
Project
Location Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
1
State of North Carolina DOT, Esri, HERE, Garmin, INCREMENT P, USGS, EPA,
USDA´0 1,500 3,000750
Feet
1 in = 1,500 ft
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Existing Stream (NHD)
Esri, HERE, Garmin, FAO,
NOAA, USGS, EPA, NPS
Project Location
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
Service
Area Map
Figure
Date: 4/23/2024
2
Esri, HERE, Garmin, USGS, NGA, EPA, USDA, NPS´0 12 246
Miles
1 in = 12 mi
Project Location
Service Area (Yadkin 03040101)
Project Location
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
USGS
Topographic
Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
3
Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed´0 2,000 4,0001,000
Feet
1 in = 2,000 ft
USGS Topo Quad
Pinnacle
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
NRCS
Soils Map
Figure
Date: 4/23/2024
4
Sh
o
a
l
s

R
d
P
i
n
n
a
c
l
e

H
o
t
e
l

R
d
S
1
0
0
-
R
1
S201
S101
S
1
0
0
-
R
3
S2
0
0
S100-R
4
S1
0
0
-
R
2
BbB
FfD
FeC2
WoE
FnC2
FeC2
FeC2
FfD
FnC2
FnB2
FeB2
FnC2
CsA
WfC2
FeC2
W
W
FnC2
TtC
FnB2
FeC2
FnC2
FeC2
FfD
FfD
FeD2
FeC2
FtE
NC CGIA, Maxar, Microsoft´0 400 800200
Feet
1 in = 400 ft
Soil Type
BbB: Braddock fine sandy
loam, 2 to 8 percent
slopes
CsA: Colvard and Suches
soils, 0 to 3 percent
slopes, occasionally
flooded
FeB2: Fairview sandy clay
loam, 2 to 8 percent
slopes, moderately
eroded
FeC2: Fairview sandy clay
loam, 8 to 15 percent
slopes, moderately
eroded
FeD2: Fairview sandy clay
loam, 15 to 25 percent
slopes, moderately
eroded
FfD: Fairview cobbly fine
sandy loam, 15 to 25
percent slopes, stony
FnB2: Fairview cobbly
sandy clay loam, 2 to 8
percent slopes,
moderately eroded, stony
FnC2: Fairview cobbly
sandy clay loam, 8 to 15
percent slopes,
moderately eroded, stony
FrC2: Fairview-Siloam
complex, 8 to 15 percent
slopes, moderately
eroded
FsE: Fairview-Stott Knob
complex, 25 to 45
percent slopes
FtE: Fairview-Stott Knob
complex, 25 to 45
percent slopes, stony
SrC: Siloam-Zion
complex, 6 to 15 percent
slopes
TtC: Toast-Bannertown
complex, 8 to 15 percent
slopes, very rocky
W: Water
WfC2: Woolwine-
Fairview-Westfield
complex, 8 to 15 percent
slopes, moderately
eroded
WoD: Woolwine-Fairview-
Westfield complex, 15 to
25 percent slopes, stony
WoE: Woolwine-Fairview-
Westfield complex, 25 to
45 percent slopes, stony
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Existing Stream
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
LiDAR
Map
Figure
Date: 4/23/2024
5
Sh
o
a
l
s

R
d
P
i
n
n
a
c
l
e

H
o
t
e
l

R
d
S
1
0
0
-
R
1
S10
1
-
R
2
S201
S101-R1
S
1
0
0
-
R
3
S2
0
0
-
R
1
S100-R
4
S1
0
0
-
R
2
S200-R2
NC CGIA, Maxar, Microsoft´0 400 800200
Feet
1 in = 400 ft
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Existing Stream
LiDAR Elevation (ft)
870.69
1143.64
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
1977
Aerial Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
6a
´0 500 1,000250
Feet
1 in = 500 ft Note: Historic aerial reference is approximate
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
1993
Aerial Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
6b
´0 500 1,000250
Feet
1 in = 500 ft Note: Historic aerial reference is approximate
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
2012
Aerial Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
6c
´0 500 1,000250
Feet
1 in = 500 ft Note: Historic aerial reference is approximate
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
Existing
Conditions Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
7
Sh
o
a
l
s

R
d
P
i
n
n
a
c
l
e

H
o
t
e
l

R
d
S
1
0
0
-
R
1
W01
W02
W03
S101
-
R
2
S201
S101-R1
S
1
0
0
-
R
3
S2
0
0
-
R
1
S100-R
4
S1
0
0
-
R
2
S200-R2
XS7
XS8
XS9
XS10
XS11
XS1
XS3
XS4
XS6
XS5
NC CGIA, Maxar, Microsoft´0 400 800200
Feet
1 in = 400 ft
FEMA Information
FIRM 3710596200k
Effective: 08/2009
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Existing Powerline Utility
Existing Pond
Existing Wetland (unverified)
Existing Stream
Stream Reach Breaks
Existing Condition Cross-Section
NC SAM Location
Ford Crossing
FEMA 100yr Floodplain
Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
Proposed
Mitigation Map
Figure
Date: 4/25/2024
8
Sh
o
a
l
s

R
d
P
i
n
n
a
c
l
e

H
o
t
e
l

R
d
S
1
0
0
-
R
1
W01
W02
W03
S10
1
-
R
2
S201
S101-R1
S
2
0
0
-
R
1
S100-R
4
S1
0
0
-
R
2
S200-R2
Pond
to be Removed
S100-R3
NC CGIA, Maxar, Microsoft´0 400 800200
Feet
1 in = 400 ft
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Existing Powerline Utility
Existing Wetland
(no credit)
Stream Mitigation
Restoration
Enhancement II
Preservation
Stream Reach Breaks
Culvert Crossing

Appendix A - Existing Conditions Data

Photo Log
Cross-Sections
DWR Stream Forms
NCSAM

Miller, S100-R2, above pond, looking downstream near
cross-section 3
Miller, S100-R1, looking upstream
Miller, S100-R2, below pond
Miller, S100-R2 below pond, looking downstream
Miller, S100-R4, looking downstream near cross-section 8
Miller, S100-R2, pond
Miller, S100-R3, looking upstream near cross-section 4
Miller, S101-R2, looking downstream near cross-section
6, privet on banks
Miller, S101-R1, looking downstream near cross-section 5
Miller, S200-R1 Looking downstream near cross-section 10
Miller, S200-R2, looking upstream near cross-section 9
Miller, S201, Looking upstream near cross-section 11
S100-R1 (XS1)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
0 10 20 30 40
Wbkf = 6 Dbkf = .24 Abkf = 1.44
S100-R2-US POND (XS3)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
0 1020304050
Wbkf = 4.29 Dbkf = .9 Abkf = 3.88
S100-R2-DS POND (XS4)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
102
104
106
108
0 1020304050
Wbkf = 5.71 Dbkf = .76 Abkf = 4.32
S100-R3 (XS7)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
102
104
106
108
0 10 20 30 40
Wbkf = 12 Dbkf = .69 Abkf = 8.27
S100-R4 (XS8)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
0 10 20 30 40
Wbkf = 12.5 Dbkf = .66 Abkf = 8.33
S101-R1 (XS5)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
0 5 10 15 20 25
Wbkf = 3.38 Dbkf = .28 Abkf = .96
S101-R2 (XS6)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
0 5 10 15 20 25
Wbkf = 2.33 Dbkf = .43 Abkf = 1.01
S200-R1 (XS10)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
0 10 20 30 40
Wbkf = 8.07 Dbkf = .44 Abkf = 3.53
S200-R2 (XS9)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
0 5 10 15 20
Wbkf = 9.79 Dbkf = .44 Abkf = 4.27
S201 (XS11)
Ground Points Bankfull Indicators Water Surface Points
El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
t
)
Horizontal Distance (ft)
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
0 5 10 15 20 25
Wbkf = 2.7 Dbkf = .45 Abkf = 1.23
NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: Project/Site: Latitude:
Evaluator: County: Longitude:
Total Points:
Stream is at least intermittent
if ≥ 19 or perennial if ≥ 30*
Stream Determination (circle one)
Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial
Other
e.g. Quad Name:

A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =_________) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1a. Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool,
ripple-pool sequence 0 1 2 3
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel No = 0 Yes = 3
a artificial ditches are not rated; see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = _________)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No = 0 Yes = 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = _________)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks 0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1 1.5
24. Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Algae 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Wetland plants in streambed FACW = 0.75; OBL = 1.5 Other = 0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
Notes:

Sketch:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: Project/Site: Latitude:
Evaluator: County: Longitude:
Total Points:
Stream is at least intermittent
if ≥ 19 or perennial if ≥ 30*
Stream Determination (circle one)
Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial
Other
e.g. Quad Name:

A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =_________) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1a. Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool,
ripple-pool sequence 0 1 2 3
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel No = 0 Yes = 3
a artificial ditches are not rated; see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = _________)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No = 0 Yes = 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = _________)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks 0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1 1.5
24. Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Algae 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Wetland plants in streambed FACW = 0.75; OBL = 1.5 Other = 0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
Notes:

Sketch:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: Project/Site: Latitude:
Evaluator: County: Longitude:
Total Points:
Stream is at least intermittent
if ≥ 19 or perennial if ≥ 30*
Stream Determination (circle one)
Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial
Other
e.g. Quad Name:

A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =_________) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1a. Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool,
ripple-pool sequence 0 1 2 3
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel No = 0 Yes = 3
a artificial ditches are not rated; see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = _________)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No = 0 Yes = 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = _________)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks 0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1 1.5
24. Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Algae 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Wetland plants in streambed FACW = 0.75; OBL = 1.5 Other = 0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
Notes:

Sketch:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: Project/Site: Latitude:
Evaluator: County: Longitude:
Total Points:
Stream is at least intermittent
if ≥ 19 or perennial if ≥ 30*
Stream Determination (circle one)
Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial
Other
e.g. Quad Name:

A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =_________) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1a. Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool,
ripple-pool sequence 0 1 2 3
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel No = 0 Yes = 3
a artificial ditches are not rated; see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = _________)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No = 0 Yes = 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = _________)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks 0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1 1.5
24. Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Algae 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Wetland plants in streambed FACW = 0.75; OBL = 1.5 Other = 0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
Notes:

Sketch:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: Project/Site: Latitude:
Evaluator: County: Longitude:
Total Points:
Stream is at least intermittent
if ≥ 19 or perennial if ≥ 30*
Stream Determination (circle one)
Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial
Other
e.g. Quad Name:

A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =_________) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1a. Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool,
ripple-pool sequence 0 1 2 3
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel No = 0 Yes = 3
a artificial ditches are not rated; see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = _________)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No = 0 Yes = 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = _________)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks 0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1 1.5
24. Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Algae 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Wetland plants in streambed FACW = 0.75; OBL = 1.5 Other = 0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
Notes:

Sketch:

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: K. Obermiller - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.31857, -80.49495
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S100-R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 332
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): .4 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 3.0 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down-cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip-rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down-cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom-release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear-cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:
Small stream

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization K. Obermiller - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) YES
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Intermittent

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(1) Water Quality LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA NA
(1) Habitat HIGH HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) In-stream Habitat HIGH HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA NA
Overall HIGH HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.317029, -80.495041
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S100-R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 1,876
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.8 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5.0 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In-stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow MEDIUM
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In-stream Habitat MEDIUM
(2) Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: K. Obermiller - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.31099, -80.49249
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S100-R4 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 604
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.9 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 10.0 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down-cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip-rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down-cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

Ch
e
c
k

f
o
r

T
id
a
l

Ma
r
s
h

S
t
r
e
a
m
s

On
l
y

12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom-release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear-cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization K. Obermiller - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) YES
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Intermittent

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA
Overall HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.313678, -80.493555
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S101-R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 255
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.3 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 3.4 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Intermittent

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer HIGH HIGH
(4) Microtopography NA NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(1) Water Quality LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat LOW HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) In-stream Habitat LOW HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA NA
Overall MEDIUM HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.313344, -80.494164
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S101-R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 179
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.4 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2.3 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Intermittent

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(1) Water Quality LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat LOW MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) In-stream Habitat LOW HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA NA
Overall LOW LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.314239, -80.496304
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S200-R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 398
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.5 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 8.0 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

Ch
e
c
k

f
o
r

T
id
a
l

Ma
r
s
h

S
t
r
e
a
m
s

On
l
y

12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.313930, -80.495027
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S200-R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 356
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.5 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 9.8 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer HIGH
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In-stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA
Overall HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5 -minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same prope rty, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the “Notes/Sketch” section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Miller Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 4/10/2024
3. Applicant/owner name: Water & Land Solutions 4. Assessor name/organization: A. Davis - WLS
5. County: Surry 6. Nearest named water body
on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Grassy Creek 7. River basin: Yadkin-PeeDee
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 36.313999, -80.496505
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): S201 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 160
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.8 Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2.7 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? Yes No
14. Feature type: Perennial flow Intermittent flow Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: Mountains (M) Piedmont (P) Inner Coastal Plain (I) Outer Coastal Plain (O)
16. Estimated geomorphic
19 valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream):
A B
(more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mi2) Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mi2) Size 4 (≥ 5 mi2)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? Yes No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
Section 10 water Classified Trout Waters Water Supply Watershed (I II III IV V)
Essential Fish Habitat Primary Nursery Area High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
Publicly owned property NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect Nutrient Sensitive Waters
Anadromous fish 303(d) List CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in “Notes/Sketch” section or attached? Yes No

1. Channel Water – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
A Water throughout assessment reach.
B No flow, water in pools only.
C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction – assessment reach metric
A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates , debris jams,
beaver dams).
B Not A
3. Feature Pattern – assessment reach metric
A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
B Not A
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile – assessment reach metric
A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
B Not A
5. Signs of Active Instability – assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting (head-cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
A < 10% of channel unstable
B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction – streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
A A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
B B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access , disruption of flood flows through streamside area , leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
C C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads , retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors – assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in “Notes/Sketch”
section.
F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
I Other: (explain in “Notes/Sketch” section)
J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather – watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is consi dered a drought.
A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream – assessment reach metric
Yes No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types – assessment reach metric
10a. Yes No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent
vegetation
C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees)
D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
E Little or no habitat
F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
G Submerged aquatic vegetation
H Low-tide refugia (pools)
I Sand bottom
J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
K Little or no habitat

*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. Yes No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach – whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) = > 10-40%, Abundant (A) = > 40-70%, Predominant (P) = > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
Bedrock/saprolite
Boulder (256 – 4096 mm)
Cobble (64 – 256 mm)
Gravel (2 – 64 mm)
Sand (.062 – 2 mm)
Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
Detritus
Artificial (rip-rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. Yes No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

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12. Aquatic Life – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water Other:
12b. Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to “individuals” for Size 1 and 2 streams and “taxa” for Size 3 and 4 streams.
Adult frogs
Aquatic reptiles
Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
Beetles
Caddisfly larvae (T)
Asian clam (Corbicula)
Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
Dipterans
Mayfly larvae (E)
Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
Midges/mosquito larvae
Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
Other fish
Salamanders/tadpoles
Snails
Stonefly larvae (P)
Tipulid larvae
Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
A A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
B B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
C C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage – streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
A A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water ≥ 6 inches deep
B B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
C C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
Y Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
N N
16. Baseflow Contributors – assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors – assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
C Urban stream (≥ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
F None of the above
18. Shading – assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider “leaf-on” condition.
A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
C Stream shading is gone or largely absent
19. Buffer Width – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider “vegetated buffer” and “wooded buffer” separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
A A A A ≥ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
B B B B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
C C C C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
D D D D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
E E E E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Vegetated” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Mature forest
B B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
C C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
D D Maintained shrubs
E E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
A A A A A A Row crops
B B B B B B Maintained turf
C C C C C C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
D D D D D D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 (“Wooded” Buffer Width).
LB RB
A A Medium to high stem density
B B Low stem density
C C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
A A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
B B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
C C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition – streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contribute s to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
A A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
B B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
C C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity – assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. Yes No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. No Water Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
A < 46 B 46 to < 67 C 67 to < 79 D 79 to < 230 E ≥ 230

Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1

Stream Site Name Miller Mitigation Site Date of Assessment 4/10/2024
Stream Category Pb1 Assessor Name/Organization A. Davis - WLS

Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Intermittent

Function Class Rating Summary
USACE/
All Streams
NCDWR
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer HIGH HIGH
(4) Microtopography NA NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(1) Water Quality LOW LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance LOW NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM HIGH
(2) In-stream Habitat LOW MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW LOW
(3) In-stream Habitat LOW HIGH
(2) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Stream-side Habitat HIGH HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA NA
(2) Intertidal Zone NA NA
Overall LOW LOW

Appendix B - Adjacent Landowner
Information

Appendix B - Adjacent Landowner Information
Table 1. Miller- Project Landowner Information
Parcel ID Number Owners of Record County Acres
595300975504; 595300967294 Samuel and Linda Marion Surry 59.03; 18.87

Table 2. Miller- Adjacent Landowner Information
Owner of Record Mailing Address PARCEL #
Virginia S Thomas Trustee 101 Gardenwood Ct, Jamestown, NC
27282-9424
595400901395
Dale Ray Dezern 190 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
595300984508
Billy Ray Harvel 329 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
596300087074
Samuel E Marion 276 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
596300070662
Samuel E Marion 276 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
596300072428
Tommy J Marion 354 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
596300074101
Glenda Mae Simmons Willard 307 Valleygreen Trl, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300948443
Andrew M Scott 2912 Shoals Rd, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300956578
Double A Farms Of Shoals LLC 3815 Quaker Church Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
595300857866
Terence D Caudle LKA 120 Plum Ln, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300862239
Dale Ray Dezern 190 Pinnacle Hotel Rd, Pinnacle, NC
27043
595300865954
Alisha Cook Hutchens 2425 Shoals Rd, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300876438
Alisha Cook Hutchens 2425 Shoals Rd, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300876959
Mike Marion Construction Co 526 Grassy Creek Rd, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300886163
Mike Marion Construction Co 526 Grassy Creek Rd, Pinnacle, NC 27043 595300886364
Note: Listed in the table above are the names and mailing addresses for all the landowners adjacent to the
Miller Mitigation Site.

Miller Mitigation Project
Yadkin 01 - 03040101
Surry County, North Carolina
Adjacent
Landowners
Appendix
Date: 4/25/2024
B
13
11
2
15
14
9
7
4
5
12
8
6
1
10
3
State of North Carolina DOT, Esri, HERE, Garmin, INCREMENT P, Intermap,
USGS, METI/NASA, EPA, USDA´0 800 1,600400
Feet
1 in = 800 ft
Proposed Conservation
Easement
Parcel Boundary
Adjancent Landowners

Appendix C – Landowner Authorization
Forms