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Home My WebLink About310164_Application_20240328 State of North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division of Water Resources Animal Waste Management Systems Request for Certification of Coverage Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non-Discharge General Permit On September 30, 2024,the North Carolina State Non-Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State Non-Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore,all applications must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3,2024. Please do not leave any question unanswered. Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below. Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee. 1. Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS310164 2. Facility Name: S&S 92 3. Permittee's Name(same as on the Waste Management Plan): Steve C Grady 4. Permittee's Mailing Address: d S N Co,,,-47 Gitd r, City: �1ive State: NC Zip: Telephone Number: 91944ez65'07ftt. E-mail: 5. Facility's Physical Address: 527 Maysville School Rd City: Mount Olive State: NC Zip: 28365 6. County where Facility is located: Duplin 7. Farm Manager's Name(if different from Landowner): 8. Farm Manager's telephone number(include area code): 9. Integrator's Name(if there is not an Integrator,write"None"): Murphy-Brown LLC 10. Operator Name(OIC): 44eue C.Grady Phone No.: 919- 7 OIC 9: l 11. Lessee's Name(if there is not a Lessee,write"None"): 12. Indicate animal operation type and number: Current Permit: Operations Type Allowable Count Swine-Feeder to Finish 3,672 Operation Types: Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Other Types Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Horses-Horses Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Horses-Other Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Sheep-Sheep Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Sheep-Other Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Poultry Gilts Other Non Laying Pullet Other Layers 13. Waste Treatment Lagoons,Digesters and Waste Storage Ponds(WSP):(Fill/Verify the following information. Make all necessary corrections and provide missing data.) Structure Type Estimated Liner Type Estimated Design Freeboard Structure (Lagoon/Digester/ Date (Clay,Synthetic, Capacity Surface Area 'Redline" Name WSP) Built Unknown) (Cubic Feet) (Square Feet) (Inches) 1 Lagoon 8/18/1994 Full,clay 776,149.00 95,000.00 19.50 Submit one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.1OC(d), either by mailing to the address below or sending it via email to the email address below. The CAWMP must include the following components: 1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan(WUP),signed by the owner and a certified technical specialist,containing: a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields(e.g.irrigation,injection,etc.) b. A map of every field used for land application(for example: irrigation map) c. The soil series present on every land application field d. The crops grown on every land application field e. The Realistic Yield Expectation(RYE)for every crop shown in the WUP £ The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP h. The required NRCS Standard specifications 2.A site map/schematic 3.Emergency Action Plan 4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted 5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted 6.Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted-Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist 7.Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation(design,calculations,etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and complete. Also provide any site evaluations,wetland determinations,or hazard classifications that may be applicable to your facility. 8. Operation and Maintenance Plan If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list,please include the additional components with your submittal. (e.g.composting,digesters,solids separators,sludge drying system,waste transfers,etc.) I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that, if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not included,this application package will be returned to me as incomplete. Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. (18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than$10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years,or both for a similar offense.) Print the Name of the Permittee/Landowner/Signing Official and Sign below.(If multiple Landowners exist,all landowners should sign. If Landowner iss� corporation,signature should be by a principal ex/e�cutive officer of the corporation : Name(Print): (9 C r e-:5 Signature: Date: Name(Print): Title: Signature: Date: Name(Print): Title: Signature: Date: THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS: E-mail: animal.operations@deq.nc.gov NCDEQ-DWR Animal Feeding Operations Program 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1636 `- NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN AMENDMENT Grower(s): Steve Grady Farm Name: S&S Farm 2 Facility 31-164 Count : Du:_lin Farm Capacity: Farrow to Wean Farrow to Feeder Farrow to Finish Wean to Feeder Feeder to Finish 3 -. Wean to Finish Gilts Boars Storage Structure: Anaerobic Lagoon Storage Period: >180 days Application Method: Irrigation This amendment allows the producer to apply 100 Ibs/acre PAN on Small Grain for the 2015/2016 year only. *"Producer is limited to 25 Ibs/ac PAN during the two month period of Dec and Jan and any PAN applied after Feb 29th shall be deducted from the bermuda rate. ** Small Grain must be adequately grazed or mechanically harvested by April 15th. OwnerAQnager Date ;� 3 -.-DL Ok �.O Technical Speci t Date NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN AMENDMENT Grower(s): Steve Grady Farm Name: S&S Farm 2 Facility 31-164 County: Du;.1in Farm Ca acit : Farrow to Wean Farrow to Feeder Farrow to Finish Wean to Feeder Feeder to Finish 3672 Wean to Finish Gilts Boars Storage Structure: Anaerobic Lagoon Storage Period: >180 days Application Method: Irrigation This amendment allows the producer to apply 100 Ibs/acre PAN on Small Grain for the 2015/2016 year only. **Producer is limited to 25 Ibs/ac PAN during the two month period of Dec and Jan and any PAN applied after Feb 29th shall be deducted from the bermuda rate. ** Small Grain must be adequately grazed or mechanically harvested by April 15th. Owne/Manag Date q :)-3- o � Technical Spe i ist Date fe of r.�s 'Z1� slAhCl��rre.: "'r APR � MQ Nutrient Management Plan For Animal Waste Utilization 09-23-2003 This plan has been prepared for: This plan has been developed by: S&S# 2 Johnny L Lanier Steve Grady Duplin Soil& Water 1434 Beautancus Rd PO Box 219 Mt. Olive, NC 28365 Kenansville, NC 28349 919-658-5767 910-296-2120 Developer Si i �ture Type of Flan: Nitrogen Only with Manure Only Owner/Manager/Producer Agreement I(we)understand and agree to the specifications and the operation and maintenance procedures established in this nutrient management plan which includes an animal waste utilization plan for th( farm named above.I have read and understand the Required Specifications concerning animal waste management that are included with this plan. `t Signature(owner) Date r Signature(manager or producer) Date This plan meets the minimum standards and specifications of the U.S.Department of Agriculture- Natural Resources Conservation Service or the standard of practices adopted by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Plan Approved By: 9 �30 Technical Spec' st Signature Date - --•------- ,,.� -- -- -- 532858 Database Version 3.0 --- ------------------- --------- ------ ---- -------------- Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Cover Page 1 Nutrients applied in accordance with this plan will be supplied from the following source(s): Commercial Fertilizer is not included in this plan. S7 Swine.Feeder-Finish Lagoon Liquid waste generated 3,403,944 galslyear by 43,672 animal Swine Finishing Lagoon Liquid operation. This production facility has waste stora a capacities of approximately 180 days. Estimated Pounds of Plant Available Nitrogen Generated per Year Broadcast 7840 Incorporated 13464 Injected 14828 Irrigated 8522 Actual PAN Applied Actual Volume Applied Volume Surplus/Deficit (Pounds) (Gallons) (Gallons) Year 1 8,621.08 3,442,044 -38,100 r �f Note: In source M,S means standard source,U means user defined source. 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Source Page Page 1 of 1 The table shown below provides a summary of the crops or rotations included in this plan for each field. Realistic Yield estimates are also provided for each crop in the plan. In addition,the Leaching Index for each field is shown,where available. Planned Crops Summary Total Useable Leaching Tract Field Acres Acres Index(Ln Soil Series Crop Sequence RYE 3073 pla 10.00 5.68 N/A Norfolk Small Grain Overseed1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons 3073 plb 7.00 2.05 N/A Norfolk Smalt Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons 3073 plc 7.00 3.02 N/A Norfolk Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons H_ybrid Bermudagass pasture 6.5 Tons 3073 p2a 10.90 6.39 N/A Norfolk Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass pasture 6.5 Tons 3073 p2b 8.00 5.09 N/A tiorfolk 'mall ern Overseed .0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 1.0 Tons 3073 p3 8.00 3.64 N/A 'Vorfolk Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 1.5 Tons 3073 p4 5.00 2.45 N/A Norfolk Small Grain Overseed � 1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagass Pasture 1.5 Tons 3073 p5 4.00 2.36 N/A Norfolk Small Crain Overseed 1.0 Tons Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons PLAN TOTALS: 59.90 30.68 P L i Potential all Technical Guidance 2 Low potential to contribute to soluble None nutrient leaching below the root zone. & Moderate potential to contribute to I Nutrient Management(590)should be planned. <= 10 soluble nutrient leaching below the root zone. high potential to contribute to soluble Nutrient Management(590)should be planned. Other conservation practices that nutrient leaching below the root zone. improve the soils available water holding capacity and improve nutrient use efficiency > ]0 should be considered. Examples are Cover Crops(340)to scavenge nutrients,Sod-Based Rotations(328),Long-Term No-Till(778),and edge-of-field practices such as Filter Strips(393)and Riparian Forest Buffers(391). ';I?RSR Database Version 3.0 Date Printed 9/23/2003 The Was,. Jtilization table shown below summarizes the waste utilization plan for thisF,,_wration. This Plan provides nutrients being produced. The plan requires consideration of the realistic yields of the crops to be grown,their nutrient r n estimate of and the number of acres of cropland i :d to use the uptake. �1 proper timing of applications to maximize nutrient This table provides an estimate of the amount of nitrogen required by the crop being grown and an estimate of the nitrogen amount being supplied by manure or other by-products, commercial fertilizer and residual from previous crops. An estimate of the quantity of solid and liquid waste that will be applied on each field in order to supply the indicated quantity of nitrogen from each source is also included. A balance of the total manure produced and the total manure applied is included in the table to ensure that the plan adequately provides for the utilization of the manure generated by the operation. Waste Utilization Table Year 1 Nitrogen Comm Res. Manure Liquid Solid PA F-LLiquid Solid (IWA) PA ManuroA Manure Manure M� Nutrient Nutrient NwrientA Reqd Applied pplied 4Ap*djj*� 060A) (]ba/A) ppbA) (acre) (acre) �Source Total Use. App6c.Tract Field M Soil series Acres Acres Crop Ryg Period Applic.N N N Method N gal/A Tons 3073 pla S7 Norfolk 10.00 5.68 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0 g SO 19.97 0.00 113.44 0.00 3073 pla S7 Norfolk 10.00 5.68 Hybrid Bermudagrass pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 Itrig. 231 92.27 0.00 524.10 0.00 3073 plb S7 Norfolk 7.00 2.05 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0 brig. 50 19.96 0.00 40.92 0.0 3073 plb 87 Norfolk 7.00 2.05 Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 Irri$• 231 92.27 0.00 189.16 0.0 3073 plc S7 Norfolk 7.00 3.02 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 SO 0 0 Wig• 5 19.96 0.0f 60.28 0.00 3073 plc S7 Norfolk 7.00 3.02 Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 Itrig 231 92.22 0.0C 278.49 0.00 3073 p2a S7 Norfolk 10.90 6.39 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0' 0 Irrig. 50 19.96 0.00 127.55 0.00 3073 p2a S7 Norfolk 10.90 6.39 Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons 3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 brig. 231 92.22 0.00 589.26 0.00 3073 p2b S7 Norfolk 8.00 5.09 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 SO 0 g 0 bri • 50 19.96 0.00 101.60 0.00 3073 p2b 87 Norfolk 8.00 5.09 Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 brig• 231 92.22 0.00 469.38 OAO 3073 p3 S7 Norfolk 8.00 3.64 1 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0 brig. 50 19.96 0.0 72.66' 0.00 3073 p3 87 Norfolk 8.00 3.64 Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.3 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 br'i$• 231 92.22 0.00 335.67 0.00 :T:30�773p4 S7 Norfolk 5.00 2.45 Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 SO 0 0 hi g 50 19.96 0.00 49.90 0.0 S7 Norfolk 5.00 2.45 Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10l31 *231 087 Norfolk 4.00 2.36 Small Grain Overseed 0 � 231 92.22 0.00 225.93 0.00 1.0 Toils 10/1-3l31 50 0 0 brig. 50 19.96 0.00 47.11 0.00 3073 pS S7 Norfolk 4.00 2.36 Hybrid Bermudagrass pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 brig. 231 92.22 41.(1€1 217.63 0.00 532858 Database Version 3.0 Dat&Printed: 9/23/2003 WIJT Page Page 1 of 2 Waste Utill( I.- in Table Year 1 Nifrogen Conan. Res. I]— liquid Solid PA Fert. sad (lbs/A) PA MajujarcA Maanre Man= Man= , Nutrient Nutrient NuIrientA pplied Applied ApPfi0d AW&d Recfd Applied pplied (am) (acre) (Field) (Fld) (RWA) (RWA) (Ib&(A) Source Total Use. App . Applic. 1000 Tract Field ID son series Acres Acres Crop RYE Periodlic N N N Method N VYA _ Tone IOMS* tons Total Applied,JOW PlIons 3,442.",4 Total Produced,l000 pffom 3,403.91 Balance,1000 -39.10 Total Applied,tons 0.001 0.0 Total Produced,tons Balance,tons 0.0 Notes: 1. In the tract column,—symbol means leased,otherwise,owned. 2. Symbol means user entered data. 6 532858 Database Version 3.0 DatJ Printed: 9/23/2003 WUT Page Page 2 of 2 The Irrigation Application Factors for each field in this plan are shown in the following table. Infiltration rate varies with soils. If applying waste nutrients through an irrigation system,you must apply at a rate that will not result in runoff. This table provides the maximum application rate per hour that may be applied to each field selected to receive wastewater. It also lists the maximum application amount that each field may receive in any one application event. Irrigation Application Factors A Application Rate Application Amount Tract Field Soil Series (inches/hour) (inches) 3073 pla Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 plb Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 plc Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 p2a Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 p2b Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 p3 Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 p4 Norfolk 0.50 1.0 3073 p5 [Norfolk 0.50 1.0 5 i�RSR TlatahacP VPrcinn'i n T)atr,PrinteA 9/7 moi T A F Pave Paves 1 of 1 The following Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization table provides an estimate of the number of acres needed for sludge utilization for the indicated accumulation period. These estimates are based on average nitrogen concentrations for each source,the number of animals in the facility and the plant available nitrogen application rates shown in the second column. Lagoon sludge contains nutrients and organic matter remaining after treatment and application of the effiuent. At clean out,this material must be utilized for crop production and applied at agronomic rates. In most cases,the priority nutrient is nitrogen but other nutrients including phosphorous,copper and zinc can also be limiting. Since nutrient levels are generally very high, application of sludge must be carefully applied. Sites must fast be evaluated for their suitability for sludge application. Ideally,effluent spray fields should not be used for sludge application. If this is not possible,care should be taken not to load effluent application fields with high amounts of copper and zinc so that additional effluent cannot be applied. On sites vulnerable to surface water moving cl streams and lakes,phosphorous dis a concern. Soils containing very high phosphorous levels may also be a concern. Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization Table Maximum Maximum Sludge Crop PA-N Rate Application Rate Minimum Acres Minimum Acres Minimum Acres lblac 1000 gal/ac 5 Years Accumulation 10 Years Accumulation 15 Years Accumulation Swine Feeder-Finish Lagoon Sludge-Standard Corn 120 bu 150 13.16 46.03 Hay 6 ton RY.E. 92.07 138.10 300 26.32 23.02 46.03 69.05 Soybean TOW 160 14.04 43.16 86.31 129.47 r --------------•-------------•----.--------------------------------------- --- ---------------------------------- 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Sludge Page Page 1 of The Available Waste Storage Capacity table provides an estimate of the number of days of storage capacity available at the end of each month of the plan. Available storage capacity is calculated as the design storage capacity in days minus the number of days of net storage volume accumulated The start date is a value entered by the user and is defined as the date prior to applying nutrients to the fast crop in the plan at which storage volume in the lagoon or holding pond is equal to zero. Available storage capacity should be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the design storage capacity of the facility. If the available storage capacity is greater than the design storage capacity,this indicates that the plan calls for the application of nutrients that have not yet accumulated If available storage capacity is negative,the estimated volume of accumulated waste exceeds the design storage volume of the structure. Either of these situations indicates that the planned application interval in the waste utilization plan is inconsistent with the structure's temporary storage capacity. Available Waste Stora e Capacity Source Name Swine Feeder-Finish La oon Liquid Design Storage Capacity(Days) Start Date 10/31 --F180 Plan Year Month Available Storage Capacity(Days) 1 1 133 1 2 116 1 3 138 1 4 150 1 5 168 1 6 180 1 7 180 1 8 180 1 9 180 1 10 161 1 11 143 1 12 123 *Available Storage Capacity is calculated as of the end of each month. P ---------------------------------- _ 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Capacity Page Page 1 of 1 Required Specifications For Animal Waste Management 1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff,drift, manmade conveyances,direct application,or direct discharge during operation or land application.Any discharge of waste that reaches surface water is prohibited. 2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns or has an agreement for use of adequate land on which to properly apply the waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to properly dispose of the waste, he/she shall provide evidence of an agreement with a landowner,who is within a reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application.It is the responsibility of the owner of the waste production facility to secure an update of the Nutrient Management Plan when there is a change in the operation,increase in the number of animals,method of application, receiving crop type, or available land. 3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs for realistic crop yields based upon soil type,available moisture,historical data, climatic conditions,and level of management, unless there are regulations that restrict the rate of applications for other nutrients. 4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre per year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per acre per year but less than 10 tons per acre per year provided grass filter strips are installed where runoff leaves the field (see USDA,MRCS Field Office Technical Guide Standard 393 - Filter Strips). 5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or by disking after waste application Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift from the land application field. . 6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland.When waste is applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland,the waste may be broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone to flooding (see "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance). 7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate such that runoff does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift from the site during application.No ponding should occur in order to control odor and flies. --------------------------------------- ____________________ ________----------------------------------- -- --------------------------------------------------------- 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Suecification Pale 1 S. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils,during rainfall events, or when the soil surface is frozen. 9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth.The potential for salt damage from animal waste should also be considered. 10. Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients.Waste shall not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages breaking dormancy. 11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with the following: The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal.Animal waste, other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995, shall not be applied closer that 25 feet to perennial waters. 12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells. 13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than those owned by the landowner. 14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public right-of-ways. 15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters,drainageways, or wetlands by a discharge or by over-spraying. Animal waste may be applied to prior converted cropland provided the fields have been approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly into water courses,and on other grassed waterways,waste shall be applied at agronomic rates in a manner that causes no runoff or drift from the site. 16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities,showers,toilets,sinks, etc.,shall not be discharged into the animal waste management system. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Specification Page 2 17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed areas(lagoon embankments, berms,pipe runs, etc.). Areas shall be fenced,as necessary,to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as trees,shrubs,and other woody species,etc.,are limited to areas where considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and accessible. Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge. 18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated. the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge,puilution,and erosion. 19. Waste handling structures, piping,pumps, reels, etc.,should be inspected on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks,and spills. A regular maintenance checklist should be kept on site. 20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other crops for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for direct human consumption,it should only be applied pre-plant with no further applications of animal waste during the crop season. 21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom elevations of the temporary storage(pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons. �-- Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum storage volume for waste storage ponds. 22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the rate-determining nutrient, unless other restrictions require waste to be applied based on other nutrients, resulting in a lower application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted and maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste application records shall be maintained for a minimum of three years. Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five(5) years. 23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina regulations. `'' 532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Specification Page 3 Crop Notes The following crop note applies to field(s):pla,plb,p1c,p2a,p2b,p3,p4,p5 Small Grain: CP, Mineral Soil,medium leachable In the Coastal Plain, oats and barley should be planted from October 15-October 30; and rye from October 15 November 20. For barley,plant 22 seed/drill row foot and increase the seeding rate by 5%for each week seeding is delayed beyond the optimum time. See the seeding rates table for applicable seeding rate modifications in the current NCSU"Small Grain Production Guide". Also, increase the initial seeding rate by at least 10%when planting no-till. Oats should be planted at 2 bushels/acre and rye at 1-1 1/2 bushels/acre.Plant all these small grains at 1-1 1/2"deep. Adequate depth control is essential. Review the NCSU Official Variety"green book"and information from private companies to select a high yielding variety with the characteristics needed for your area and conditions.Apply no more than 30 lbs/acre N at planting. Phosphorus and potash recommended by a soil test can also be applied at this time. The remaining N should be applied during the months of February-March. The following crop note applies to field(s): pla,plb,plc, p2a,p2b,p3,p4,p5 Bermudagrass: CP, Mineral Soil, Moderately Well Drained. Adaptation:Well-adapted. In the Coastal Plain,hybrid bermudagrass sprigs can be planted Mar. 1 to Mar. 31. Cover sprigs 1"to 3" deep (1.5"optimal). Sprigs should be planted quickly after digging and not allowed to dry in sun and wind. For Coastal and Tifton 78 plant at least 10 bu/ac in 3' rows, spaced 2'to 3' in the row. Generally a rate of 30 bu/ac is satisfactory to produce full groundcover in one or two years under good growing conditions. Tifton 44 spreads slowly,so use at least 40 bu/ac in 1.5'to 2' rows spaced 1'to 1.5' in row. For broadcast/disked-in sprigs use about 60 bu/ac. Soil test for the amounts of lime,phosphorus,potassium and micronutrients to apply preplant and for annual maintenance. Apply 60 to 1001b/ac N in the establishment year in split applications in April and July. For established stands apply 180 to 2401b/ac N .. annually in split applications,usually in April and following the first and second hay cuts. Reduce N rates by 25%for grazing. Refer to NCSU Technical Bulletin 305 Production and Utilization of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina for more information or consult your regional agronomist or extension agent for assistance. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ �' 532s5s Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Crop Note Page Page 1 of 1 r Steve Grady S & S ## 2 Farm # 31 -164 Wettable Acre Footprint E r a� Ala r 3pp� - S3 - 19 1140 'Cl b >>6 75 61 S09 a� ,r r SWINE FARM WASTE MANAGEMENT ODOR CONTROL CHECKLIST Source Cause BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices Farmstead Swine production (} t e etive or wooded buffers; ( e,omta mended best management practices; (-)'Good judgment and common sense Animal body surfaces Dirty manure-covered animals u-ury floors Floor surfaces Wet manure-covered floors fd1otted floors; (1*'WW'—. terers located over slotted floors; ( ders at high end of solid floors; ( Scrape manure buildup from floors; () Underfloor ventilation for drying Manure collection pits Urine ( requent manure removal by flush pit recharge,or scrape . Parital micorbial decomposition () Underfloor ventilation Ventilation exhaust fans Volatile gases;- ( an maintenance; Dust (UE ficient air movement Indoor surfaces Dust rWashdown between groups of animals () Feed additives; () Feeder covers; () Feed delivery downspout extenders to feeder covers Flush tanks Agitation of recycled lagoon () Flush tank covers liquid whiles tanks are filling () Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks with anti-siphon vents Flush alleys Agitation during wastewater () Underfloor flush with underfloor conveyanance ventilation Pit recharge points Agitation of recycled lagoon () Extend'rechard lines to near bottom of liquid while pits are filling pits with anti-siphon vents Lift stations —• Agitation during sump tank filling () Sump tank covers and drawdown Outside drain collection Agitation during wastewater () Box covers or junction bones conveyance End of drainpipes at lagoon Agitation during wastewater () Extend discharge point of pipes underneath lagoon liquid level Lagoon surfaces Volatile gas emissions ( 'roper lagoon liquid capacity Biological mixing ( orrect lagoon startup procedures Agitation ( inimum surface area-to-volume ratio ( nimum agitation when pumping (} Mechanical aeration () Proven biological additives Irrigation sprinkler nozzles High pressure agitation (:r—irrig$te on dry days with little or no wind Wind draft {�- inimum recommended operation pressure ()41ump intake near lagoon liquid surface () Pump from second-stage lagoon AMOC--November 11, 1996 Storage tank or basin Partial microbial decomposition () Bottom or midlevel loading surface Mixing while filling ()Tank covers Agitation when emptying () Basin surface mats of solids () Proven biological additives or oxidants Settling basin surface Partial micobial decomposition () Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid Mixing while filling level Agitation when emptying I Remove settled solids regularly Manure, slurry or sludge Agitation when spreading ( Soil injection of slurry/sludges spreader outlets Volatile gas emissions (4<ash residual manure from spreader after use () Proven biological additives or oxidants Uncovered manure, slurry Volatile gas emissions while drying ('f/oil infection of slurry/sludges or sludge on field surfaces (< soil incorporation within 48 hours (Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying () Proven biological additives or oxidants Dead animals Carcass decomposition ( per disposition of carcasses Dead animal disposal Carcass decomposition () Complete covering of carcasses.in burial pits pits () Proper location/construction of disposal pits Incinerators Incomplete combustion ()Secondary stack burners Standing water around Improper drainage (4-tirade and landscape such that water drains facilities Microbial decomposition of away from facilities organic matter Manure tracked onto public Poorly maintained access roads (•at`arm access road maintenance roads from farm access Additional Information: Available From: Swine Manure Management;0200 Rule/BMP Packet NCSU-County Extension Center Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies, EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge--Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 128-88 NCSU-BAE Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underfloor Fluse--Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 129-88 NCSU-BAE Lagoon Desig and.Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE 103-83 NCSU-BAE Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33 NCSU-Swine Extension Environmental.Assuranc Program: NPPC Manual NC Pork Produces Assoc Options for Managing Odor;a report from the Swine Odor Task Force NCSU Agri Communications Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; P80107, 1995 Conference Proceedings Florida Cooperative Extension The issues checked ( -Wertain to this operation. The landowner/integrator agrees to use sound judgment in applying odor control measures as practical. I certify the aforementioned odor control Best Managment Practices have been reviewed with me. .r (Landowner Signatur AMOC--November 11, 1996 INSECT CONTROL CHECKLIST FOR ANIMAL OPERATIONS Source Cause BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices (Liquid Systems) Flush Gutters Accumulation of solids Flush system is designed and operated sufficiently to remove accumulated soilds from gutters as designed. () Remove bridging of accumulated solids at discharge Lagoons and Pits Crusted Solids Maintain lagoons, settling basins and pits where pest breeding is apparent to minimize the crusting of solids to a depth of no more than 6-8 inches over more than 30% of surface. Excessive Vegetative Decaying vegetation Maintain vegetative control along banks of Growth lagoons and other impoundments to prevent - aaoum-Ulation-of decaying vegetative matter along-water's edge on impoundment's perimeter. (Dry Systems) Feeders Feed Spillage () Design,operate and maintain feed systems (e.g., bunkers and troughs)to minimize the accumulation of decaying wastage. () Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day � interval during summer; 15-30 day interval during winter). Feed Storage Accumulations of feed residues () Reduce moisture accumulation'within and around immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by insuring drainage away from site and/or providing adequate containment(e.g., covered bin for brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain products). () Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed. Animal Holding Areas Accumulations of animal wastes () Eliminate low area that trap moisture along fences and feed wastage and other locations where waste accumulates and and disturbance by animals is minimal. () Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes (i.e.inspect for and remove or break up accumulated solids as needed). AMIC--November 11, 1996 Dry Manure Handling Accumulations of animal wastes () Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day Systems interval during summer; 15-30 days interval during winter) where manure is loaded for land application or disposal. . () Provide for adequate drainage around manure stockpiles. () Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated wastes in filter stripes around stockpiles and manure handling areas as needed. The issues checked (-f"p-ertain to this operation. The landowner/integrator agrees to use sound judgment in applying insect control measures as practical. I certify the aforementioned insect control Best Management Practices have been reviewed with me. (Landowner Signat ) For more information contact the Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 2769 5-7 6 1 3. AMIC--November 11, 1996 v 31-- /6 EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN PHONE NUMBERS DWQ 210--91W -7.2 jr EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SWCD io-33s-3i.)q NRCS 5iv- 33s- ?/ir This plan wHI be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking, overflowing, or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location for all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should take. 1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible. Suggested responses to some possible problems are listed below. A. Lagoon overflow-possible solutions are: a. Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam. b. Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate. c. Stop all flows to the lagoon immediately. d. Call a pumping contractor. e. Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon. B: Runoff from waste application field-actions include: a. Immediately stop waste application. b. Create a temporary diversion to contain waste. c. Incorporate waste to reduce runoff. d. Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s)that caused the runoff. e. Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred. C: Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers-action include: a. Stop recycle pump. b. Stop irrigation pump. c. Close valves to eliminate further discharge. d. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps. D: Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators-action include: a. Stop recycle pump. b. Stop irrigation pump. i c. Make sure no siphon occurs. d. Stop all flovA,,s in the house, flush systems, or solid separators. 1 ` December 18, 1996 e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps. E: Leakaae from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks-possible action: a. Dig a small sump or ditch away from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a submersible pump, and pump back to lagoon. b. If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and compact with a clay type soil. c. Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side was and lagoon bottom as soon as possible. 2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages. a. Did the waste reach any surface waters? b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration? c. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage? d. Did the spill leave the property? e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters? f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters? g. Are potable water wells in danger(either on or off of the property)? h. How much reached surface waters? 3: Contact appropriate agencies. a. During normal business hours, call your DWQ (Division of Water Quality) regional office; Phone - - . After hours, emergency number: 919-733-3942. Your phone call should include: your name, facility,telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact location of the facility,the location or direction of movement of the spill,weather and wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the seriousness of the situation. b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS Phone number C. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department. d. Contact CES,phone number - - , local SWCD office phone number and local NRCS office for advice/technical assistance phone number - - 4: if none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your problem to them and ask that person to contact the proper agencies for you. 5: Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair of problem to minimize off-site damage. a. Contractors Name: 'q ✓e `"' b. Contractors Address: - c. Contractors Phone: - 2 December 18, 1996 6: Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.) a. Name: w✓ s r :r b. Phone:. 7: Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify the damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems with release of wastes from happening again. 3 December 18, 1996 Version—November 26,201 Mortality Management Methods Indicate which methods) wlll be implemented. When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option. Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian. Primary Secondary Routine Mortality aBurial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water (G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should beat least one foot above the seasonal high water table.Attach burial location map and plan. Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC 13B .0200. Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7. Complete Incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102. A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture&Con- sumer Services Veterinary Division(attach copy of permit). If compost Is distributed off-farm, additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ. In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the NC Department of Agriculture&Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70). Qa Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health. (Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached). 0 Mass Mortality Plan Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm-specific mortality man- agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary sup- Division ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options;contact the Division for guidance. • A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State Veterinarian. • Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary Division regulations and guidance. • Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions(refer to facility's animal waste management system permit). • In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4. Signatu a of Farm nor/Manager ' ; Date Signature of Technical Specialist Date OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods, Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime, This means that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste utilization plan will allow it. Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty action. The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following: Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent. Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth. NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste. Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should include, as a minimum, the following: Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes---look for: 1. separation of joints 2. cracks or breaks 3, accumulation of salts or minerals 4. overall condition of pipes Lagoon surface---look for: 1. undesirable vegetative growth 2. floating or lodged debris Embankment---look for: 1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes 2. side slope stability---slumps or bulges 3. wet or damp areas on the back slope 4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action 5. rodent damage Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be used to reduce the wave impacts. Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless recommended by an appropriate technical expert. Transfer Pumps---check for proper operation of: . 1. recycling pumps 2. irrigation pumps Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding noise, or a Iarge amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or replacement. NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare parts or pumps. Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the following: I. adequate vegetation 2. diversion capacity 3. ridge berm height Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts. You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount (you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the lagoon from the surrounding land. Lagoon Operation Startup: 1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil surfaces to avoid erosion. 2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes. 3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining. 4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather). 5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid volume, This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the addition of wastewater. 6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0. 7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season. Loading: The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained and recharged each day, also work well. Practice water conservation---minimize building water usage and . spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and water conservation. Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon Management: • Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full temporary storage level. Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1). Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter. The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than I foot to the lowest point of the dam or embankment. Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage level unless you are removing sludge. Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible. Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon. Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or wherever they are installed. Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges. Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment. Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume. If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge. Sludge Removal: Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by: proper lagoon sizing, mechanical solids separation of flushed waste, gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or minimizing feed wastage and spillage. Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will: have more nutrients, have more odor, and require more land to properly use the nutrients. Removal techniques: Hire a custom applicator. Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper-agitator impeller pump through large-bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate. Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3. When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close attention by the pumper or drag-line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as possible. Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil-test phosphores, it should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value. The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site. Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which could increase the concern of neighbors, Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to Iagoon failures include: • Modification of the lagoon structure---an example is the placement of a pipe in the dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.) • Lagoon liquid levels---high levels are a safety risk, Failure to inspect and maintain the dam. Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon. • Liner integrity---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table. NOTE; If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure. 3J-ld `f Operator:STEVE GRAGYI� County: DUPLIN Date; @S/18/94 Distance to nearest residence ( other than owner) : 0. 0 feet 1. AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW) 0 sows (farrow to finish ) 417 0 sows (,farrow x ow to feeder) 1522 lbs. 0 lbs 3 (finishing only) x 135 lbs. 672 head (finis x 13 lbs. = 0 lbs x 0 sows (farrow to wean) = 495720 lbs 0 head (wean to feeder) 430 lbs. = 0 lbs Describe other x 3@ lbs. = 0 lbs Total Average Live Weight = 495720 lbs 2. MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW x Treatment Volume(CF) /lb. ALW Treatment Volume(CF) /lb. ALW = Volume = 495720 cubic feet 1 CF/lb. ALW 3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION Volume = 0. 0 cubic feet 4. TOTAL DESIGNED VOLUME Inside top length (feet)------- - Inside top width (feet) ------------ -- _____ 475. 0 . 0 Top of dike elevation (feet) ----------------- 56. 0 Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet) ------------ 44 Freeboard (.feet) ----------------- 1. 0 . 0 Side slopes (inside lagoon) ------------------ . 0 3. @ 1 Total design volume using Prismoidal formula SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH `�• ® 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 194. 0 469. 0 11. 0 AREA OF TOP LENGTH * WIDTH = 194. 0 469. 0 90966 (AREA OF TOP) AREA OF BOTTOM LENGTH * WIDTH = 126. 0 403. 0 51584 (AREA OF BOTTOM) AREA OF MIDSECTION LENGTH # WIDTH * 4 161. 0 436. 0 280784 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4) CU. FT. _ [AREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOM] 90986. 0 280784. 0 DEPTH%6 9 5. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED DRAINAGE AREA: Lagoon (top of dike) Length * Width = 200. 0 475. 0 95000. 0 square feet Buildings (roof and lot water) 0. 0 square feet Describe this area. TOTAL DA 95000. 0 square feet Design, temporary storage period to be 180 days. 5A. Volume of waste produced Feces & urine production in gal. /day per 135 lb. ALW 1. 37 Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW 1. 37 gal/day 180 days Volume = 905515 gals. or 121058. 2 cubic feet 5B. Volume of wash water This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A. Volume = 0. 0 gallons/day 180 days storage/7. 48 gallons Volume = 0. 0 cubic feet per CF 5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount. 180 days excess rainfall = 7. 0 inches Volume = 7. 0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot Volume = 55416. 7 cubic feet 5D. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm Volume = 7. 5 inches / 12 inches per foot DA Volume = 59375. 0 cubic feet TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE 5A. 121058 cubic feet 5B. 0 cubic feet 5C. 55417 cubic feet 5D. 59375 cubic feet TOTAL235850 cubic feet G. SUMMARY Temporary storage period____________________> Rainfall in excess of evaporation------___-_> . 0 days 7 25 year - 24 hour 0 inches Freeboard===___________ __ _ -- -> 7. 5 inches Side slopes_________ _ 1. 0 feet Inside top length___________________________> Inside t _______-- -----___> 100. 0 feet op width==-------------------------=> 475. 0 feet Top of dike elevation_______________________ Bottom of lagoon, elevation=====__ 44. 0. 0 feet Total required volume_________________-__ ___ . 0 feet. -----=- 731570 cu. ft. Actual design volume________________________> 776149 cu. ft. Seasonal high watertable elevation, (SHWT) ___> 48. 0 feet Stop pumping elev. ________________ 52. 0 feet Must be > Or = to the SHWT elev. __________> 48. 0 feet Must be > or = to min. req. treatment el. => 50. 0 feet Required minimum treatment volume=====______> Volume at stopPumping 455720 cu. ft. Pum in elevation=====_______> 520768 cu. ft. Start pumping elev. _______________ 54. 2 feet. Must be at bottom of freeboard & 25 yr. rainfall Actual volume less 25 yr. - 24 hr. rainfall==> 716774 cu. ft. Volume at start pumping elevation=====______> 704627 cu. ft. Required volume to be pumped________________> 176475 cu. ft. Actual volume planned to be pumped=====_____> 183859 cu. ft. � Min. • thickness of soil liner when required==> 1. 8 feet '. DESIGNED BY: APPROVED BY: DATE: DATE: NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN COMMENTS: OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority, It is especially important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods, Maxirri'um storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet Periods. In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste utilization plan will allow it, Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to i 'Mg ale does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods, Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty action. The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following: Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent. Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled, This may be done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth. NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the Iagoon that are treating the waste. Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should include, as a minimum, the following: Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes---look for; 1. separation of joints 2. cracks or breaks 3. accumulation of salts or minerals 4, overall condition of pipes • Lagoon surface---look for: 1• undesirable vegetative growth 2. floating or lodged debris Embankment---look for: . 1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes 2. side slope stability---slumps or bulges 3. wet or damp areas on the back slope 4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action 5. rodent damage Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. if wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be used to reduce the wave impacts. Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless recommended by an appropriate technical expert. Transfer Pumps---check for proper operation of: 1. recycling pumps 2. irrigation pumps Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding noise, Or a Iarge amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or replacement. NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare parts or pumps. Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly You should inspect your diversion system for the following: I. adequate vegetation 2, diversion capacity 3. ridge berm height _ Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to determine proper.solutions, consult with appropriate experts. You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount (you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the lagoon from the surrounding land. Lagoon Operation Startup: 1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil surfaces to avoid erosion. 2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes. I Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining. 4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather). 5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid volume. This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the addition of wastewater. 6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7.0, Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0. 7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological activity, Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season. Loading: The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained and recharged each day, also work well, • Practice water conservation---minimize building water usage and spillage from Ieaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through Proper maintenance and water conservation, • Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon Management: • Maintain lagoon liquid level between the the full temporary storage level. permanent storage level and Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1). Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter. • The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the dam or embankment. Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage level unless you are removing sludge. Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible. Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the Iagoon, Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or wherever they are installed, Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoonoedges. Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment. Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume. If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge. Sludge Removal: Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by; proper lagoon sizing, mechanical solids separation of flushed waste, • gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or minimizing feed wastage and spillage. Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term wile have more nutrients, have more odor, and require more land to properly use the nutrients. Removal techniques: Hire a custom applicator. Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper-agitator impeller pump through large-bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland, and soil incorporate. Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain_ back into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3. When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close attention by the pumper or drag-line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can.be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as possible. Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil-test phosphores, it should'�be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes; always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value. The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site. Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which could increase the concern of neighbors, Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include: • Modification of the lagoon structure---an example is the placement of a pipe in the dam without proper design and construction, (Consult an expert in lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams,) • Lagoon liquid levels---high levels are a safety risk, • Failure to inspect and maintain the dam. Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon. Liner integrity---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table. NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure. Operator:STEVE GRADYO' County: DUPLIN Date: 03/18/94 Distance to nearest residence ( other than owner) ; 0. 0 feet I. AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW) 0 sows (farrow to finish) x 1417 lbs. - 0 sows (farrow to feeder) - 0 lbs 3672 head (finishing only) x 522 lbs. = 0 lbs 0 sows (farrow to wean ) 135 lbs. = 495720 lbs 0 head (wean to feeder) x 43 lbs. = 0 lbs %� 30 lbs. - Describe other, - 0 lbs 0 Total Average Live Weight = 495720 lbs 2. MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW x Treatment Volume(CF) /lb. ALW Treatment Valume(C.F) /lb. ALW = 1 CF/lb. ALW Volume = 495720 cubic feet 3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION Volume = 0. 0 cubic feet 4. TOTAL DESIGNED VOLUME Inside top length (feet) ------ - -------------- 200. 0 Inside top width (feet) --------------- -- 475. 0 Top of dike elevation (feet) --------------------------- 56. 0 Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet) ------------ 44. 0 Freeboard (feet) ----------------------- 1. 0 Side slopes ( inside lagoon) ---------- ------ 3. 0 1 Total design volume using prismoidal formula SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 194. 0 469. 0 11. 0 AREA OF TOP LENGTH * WIDTH = 194. 0 469. 0 90986 (AREA OF TOP) AREA OF BOTTOM LENGTH * WIDTH = 128. 0 403. 0 51584 (AREA OF BOTTOM) AREA OF MIDSECTION LENGTH * WIDTH * 4 161. 0 436. 0 280784 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4) CU. FT. = [AREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOM] DEPTH%6 90986. 0 280784. 0 .ri 1 .0iR.Q O! ... I S. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED DRAINAGE AREA, Lagoon (tap of dike) Length * Width = 200. 0 475. 0 95000. 0 square feet Buildings (roof and lot water) 0. 0 square feet Describe this area. TOTAL DA 95000. 0 square feet Design temporary storage period to be 1$0 days. 5A. Volume of waste produced Feces & urine production in gal. /day per 135 lb. ALW 1. 37 Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW 1. 37 gal/day 180 da s Volume = 905515 gals. or 121058. 2 cubic feet y 5B. Volume of wash water This is the amount of fresh water, used for washing floors or volume of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A. Volume = 0. 0 gallons/day 180 days storage/7. 48 gallons Volume = 0. 0 cubic feet per CF 5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount. 180 days excess rainfall = 7. 0 inches Volume = 7. 0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot Volume = 55416. 7 cubic feet 5D. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm Volume = 7. 5 inches / 12 inches per foot DA Volume = 59375. 0 cubic feet TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE 5A 121058 cubic feet 5B. 0 cubic feet 5C. 55417 cubic feet 5D• 59375 cubic feet TOTAL235850 cubic feet U. SUMMARY Temporary storage period====================> p 1. 0 days Rainfall in excess Of eva' oration====_______> 7. 0 inches 25 year - 24 hour rainfall==================> 7, inches Freeboard========_======-_----_ _ Side slo =-------- ---- ---------------> 1. 0 feet Inside top length=====================-=====> Inside top width____________________________ 475. 0 feet Top of dike elevation==============-========>> 456. 0 feet Bottom of lagoon elevation========== 44. 0 feet Total -required volume===____________________� . 0 feet 7 Actual design volume=======================- 776149 cu. ft. Seasonal nigh watertable elevation (SHWT) ===> 48. 0 fe ft.et +� Stop pumping elev. _______________ 2. 0 feet Must be > or = to the SHWT elev. ==========> 4$, @ feet Must be > or = to min. req. treatment el. => 50. 0 feet Required minimum treatment volume===========> Volume at stop pumping elevation============> 20768 cu. ft. 5 Start 2076P, cu. ft. Pumping elev. ______________ 54. 2 feet. Must be at bottom of freeboard & 25 yr, rainfall Actual volume less 25 yr. - 24 hr. -rainfall==> 716774 cu. ft. Volume at start pumping elevation===========> Required volume to be pumped============-==-> 176475 cu. ft. Actual volume planned to be um ed=========_ 163859 cu. ft. Min. - thickness p p -> 1838�5 cu. ft. + of soil liner when required==> 1. 8 feet �• DESIGNED BY: APPROVED BY:C((// Adj"G� DATE: DATE: NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN COMMENTS: OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority, It is especially important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods, Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the x receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet Periods, In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste utilization plan will allow it. Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to imgale does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty action. The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following: Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam, Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative covers, The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent. Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled, This may be done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth, NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the Iagoon that are treating the waste. Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should include, as a minimum, the following: Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes---look for: 1. separation of joints 2. cracks or breaks 3, accumulation of salts or minerals 4, overall condition of pipes • Lagoon surface---look for: 1• undesirable vegetative growth 2. floating or lodged debris Embankment---look for: . 1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes 2. side slope stability---slumps or bulges 3. wet or damp areas on the back slope 4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action 5. rodent damage Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon m be used to reduce the wave impacts, ay Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless recommended by an appropriate technical expert. Transfer Pumps---check for proper operation of: - l. recycling pumps 2. irrigation pumps Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding noise, Or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or replacement. NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare parts or pumps. Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage structures, The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the following: 1, adequate vegetation 2. diversion capacity 3. ridge berm height Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts. You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount (you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the lagoon from the surrounding land. Lagoon Operation Startup: 1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil surfaces to avoid erosion. 2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes. 3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining. 4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather). 5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid volume, This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the addition of wastewater. 6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of I pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above TO. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0. 7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological activity, Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season. Loading: The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained and recharge4 each day, also work well, Practice water conservation---minimize building water usage and Spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and water conservation, Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon Management: • Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full temporary storage level. Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1). • Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum Iagoon storage for the winter, • The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the dam or embankment. Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage level unless you are removing sludge, • Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible. • Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon. Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or wherever they are installed, Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagooncedges. Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment. Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume. If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge. Sludge Removal: Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by, proper lagoon sizing, mechanical solids separation of flushed waste, gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or minimizing feed wastage and spillage. Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will; have more nutrients, have more odor, and rewire more land to properly use the nutrients. Removal techniques: Hire a custom applicator. Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper-agitator impeller pump through large-bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate. Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate, Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3. When°removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close attention by the pumper or drag-line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can,.be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as possible. Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil-test phosphores, it should"be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes; always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value. The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site. Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which could increase the concern of neighbors, Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types Of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include: Modification of the lagoon structure---an example is the placement of a pipe in the darn without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.) • Lagoon liquid levels---high levels are a safety risk, . Failure to inspect and maintain the dam. Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon. Liner integrity---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table. NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.