20130436 Ver 1_Year 3 Monitoring Report_20151229

To: Katie Merritt,
NC Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources — Water Quality
Programs
From: David Knowles,
Consultant for Greene Environmental Services, LLC
Date: December 13, 2015
Re: Evans/ Ballahack Bank Parcel, Third Annual Report (2015)
Ms Merritt -
Included is the Evans / Ballahack Bank Parcel, Third Annual Report for Year 2015. The report
is also on the included CD as a .pdf file.
Thank you,
David Knowles
juncusI @yahoo.com
[phone]

Third Annual Report
Evans / Ballahack Bank Parcel
Greene Environmental Services, LLC
Tar River Umbrella Mitigation Bank
DWR Project # 130189
December 2015
Submitted to: Katie Merritt
Nutrient Offset Banking Coordinator
NCDEQ-Division of Water Resources
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 Phone: [phone]; Fax: [phone]
Submitted by: Jeff Becker and David Knowles
1004 Glencastle Way
Raleigh, NC 27606
Phone: [phone]; Fax: [phone]
E

Third Annual Report for Evans / Ballahack Bank Parcel
DWR Project # 130189
Greene Environmental Services, LLC
Tar River Umbrella Mitigation Bank
December 2015
Table of Contents
Page Number
Introduction and Background
3
Seedling Planting Design
4
Monitoring Plots
4
Third Year Monitoring Plot Data Analysis
5
Overall Success, Continued Monitoring and Maintenance Plan
6
Tables
6-9
Figures 1-5 (Project Maps)
10
Figures 6a -6d (Monitoring Plot Diagrams)
16
2

Third Annual Report for Evans / Ballahack Bank Parcel
DWR Project # 130189
Greene Environmental Services, LLC
Tar River Umbrella Mitigation Bank
December 2015
Introduction and Background
The report is the third annual monitoring report for the Evans / Ballahack Bank Parcel. Greene
Environmental Services, LLC (GES) of Snow Hill, North Carolina, in 2013, established this
riparian buffer/nutrient offset mitigation site in the Tar River Basin. The site is located east of the
Edgecombe County town of Tarboro, NC and may be accessed by driving east on US 264
approximately 5 miles from Tarboro (Figure 1). At Exit 491, take Chinquapin Road (SR 1524) 2
miles north to NC 111. Take a right turn on NC 111 and drive approximately 0.3 miles and take
a right turn onto Roberson School Road (SR 1524). Continue on Roberson School Road for
approximately 0.6 miles and take a right turn onto the unnamed farm road with circular metal
grain storage buildings located in the distance from the road. Continue 0.3 miles on farm road to
a bridge over a drainage canal. The project site is located to the east of the canal and south of the
metal buildings along a streamside tree line (Figures 2 and 3). The purpose of the nutrient
mitigation bank is to improve water quality within the Tar River Basin by reducing nutrient and
sediment inputs to the watershed and provide off-site mitigation for development requiring
nutrient offsets.
The bank parcel is located within the Lower Tar Watershed (HUC: 03020103). The bank parcel
buffers an un -named tributary to Ballahack Canal which in turn is a tributary to Conetoe Creek
which enters the Tar River near the Pitt County town of Falkland, NC. Ballahack Canal is an
impaired stream with the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources —
Division of Water Resources designation: 28-87-1.2 C NSW 8.4 mi. AL B-9 SS --02 I FS. The
local landscape is in row crop agriculture, cut -over forest scrubland and forest. Soils range from
well drained loamy sands to very poorly drained loams (Figure 4). In the 2012 growing season,
prior to the installation of tree seedlings, the site was in soybean production.
The bank parcel is 10 acres, including 5.45 acres (237,402 square feet) of Tar -Pamlico riparian
buffer credit and 4.55 acres (198,198 square feet) of nutrient offset buffer credit (Figures 5a and
5b). Nitrogen and phosphorus credits generated by the nutrient offset buffet total 10,342.24 lb -N
at 2,273.02 lb-N/acre and 666.12 lb -P at 146.4 lb-P./acre. This bank parcel was established under
the terms and conditions of the Greene Environmental Services Tar -Pamlico River Basin
Riparian Buffer and Nutrient Offset Umbrella Bank.
The parcel is located in the Edgecombe County Drainage District #2 which includes Ballahack
Canal. The Drainage District maintains a 20 -foot easement along the Canal. When designing the
3

Evans Ballahack Bank Parcel the area under easement was avoided such that the easement nor
any drainage structures were encumbered by the Bank.
Seedling Planting Design
The Evans/Ballahack Bank Parcel was initially planted with character trees in February and
March of 2013. The suite of tree species selected for the bank parcel should be well -adapted or
tolerant to the soil and drainage conditions throughout the site.
Soils at the Evans/Ballahack mitigation site were loams and sandy loams and ranged from very
poorly drained soils to well -drained; historic ditching has most likely increase the rate of soil
drainage (Figure 4). Bareroot seedlings were obtained from the North Carolina Forest Service
Nursery, Claridge Nursery, Goldsboro, NC. All tree seedlings planted generally ranged in height
from 1 foot to 4 feet. The species most frequently planted on soils with poor drainage were bald
cypress, black gum and river birch (Table 1). The species most frequently planted on better
drained soils were red oak and white oak. Persimmon, yellow poplar, sycamore, water oak and
willow oak were planted throughout with the exception of areas which exhibited frequent
ponding. Seedlings were planted in rows roughly paralleling the buffered stream at l Oft by l Oft
spacings.
A total of 5000 bareroot seedlings, thus averaging 500 seedlings per acre, of ten character
species were planted at the Evans/Ballahack parcel during February and March 2013 (Table 2).
Yellow poplar, black gum, white oak and bald cypress were the most frequently planted species,
accounting for 52% of the seedlings planted. River birch, sycamore, water oak and willow oak
accounted for 40% of the total seedlings planted. Persimmon and red oak accounted for 8% of
the total seedlings planted. While planting, soils, microsite and surface drainage conditions were
noted and appropriate species were planted on these sites (Table 1).
In addition to the initial planting, a supplemental planting was undertaken in January of 2014.
Based on a visual assessment and cursory quantitative assessment, there were sizeable gaps in
seedling success within the tracts that were not necessarily reflected in monitoring plot records.
A total of 800 additional seedlings were planted in two parallel rows running the length of the
Parcel. Bareroot seedlings planted were two hundred each of sycamore (Platanus occidentalis),
white oak (Quercus alba), red oak (Q. rubra) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) (Table 2).
This increased the percentage of planted seedling of sycamore, white oak, red oak and bald
cypress by 12, 16, 7 and 4 percent, respectively, while reducing the percentage for all other
species.
Monitoring Plots
Surveyed boundary points were demarked with 6 -foot metal T -posts and the boundary between
the mitigation parcel and the adjacent agricultural land was marked with white, 5 -foot PVC posts
atop metal rods at 100 -foot intervals. Four, 10m by 10m. (0.0247 -acre) monitoring plots were
established on the parcel using CVS protocols (Figures 5a and 5b). Tracts 2 and 4 each have one
plot; the largest tract, Tract 3, has two plots. The corners of each plot were marked with white,
10 -foot PVC posts atop metal rods. Seedlings within the monitoring plots were flagged with
blue, plastic, flagging tape and white pin flags. All seedlings within each plot were located and
4

mapped (Figures 6a -6d). Plot photographs were made from a location at the northwest corner
with a view toward the southeast corner (Figure 7).
Third Year Monitoring Plot Data Analysis
As per discussions with NC DEQ, Division of Water Resources staff, planted saplings of water
oak and willow oak were not used as criteria to measure stand establishment success in
Monitoring Plot BLK-3. Plot BLK-3 is located approximately 100 feet from a mature forest
stand on property adjacent to the Bank Parcel. The mature stand contains specimens of water oak
and willow oak thus they are potential sources of propagules for natural colonization. The other
three monitoring plots are of sufficient distance from the mature stand that natural colonization
was deemed unlikely. The data analyses that follow exclude water oak and willow oak counts in
Plot BLK-3.
In September 2015, near the end of the third growing season an average sapling density among
the four monitoring plots was 11.8+3.8 saplings per plot (Table 3). Thus a calculated average
density of 475.8+152.8 saplings per acre (Table 4). Plot BLK-3 had the greatest density with 16
saplings per 100m2 plot, thus 647.8 seedlings per acre. Plots BLK-2 had the lowest density with
7 seedlings, thus 283.6 seedlings per acre; this is below the targeted minimum of 320 saplings
per acre.
The most frequently encountered species based on percent relative density within the monitoring
plots was blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica), accounting for 18.5+9.1 percent saplings found in the
plots. In decreasing order of importance, red oak (Quercus rubrum), white oak (Q. alba),
sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), yellow poplar
(Liriodendron tulipifera) and river birch (Betula nigra) ranged from 12.9 percent to 10.6 percent
of the saplings found in the plots. (Table 5). Willow oak (Q. phellos), water oak (Q. nigra) were
the least represented species found in the monitoring plots at 5.6 and 2.5 percent, respectively.
American persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) seedlings were planted in the Ballahack Parcel but
were not recorded within the monitoring plots.
A comparison of sapling success in the monitoring plots at the end of the second growing season,
2014, to the end of the third growing in 2015 indicated that three species, white oak, red oak and
water oak, increased by approximately 10 saplings per acre among all plots (Table 6). This
increase is most likely due to new shoots emerging from root stock surviving from the previous
year. Two species, sycamore and blackgum decreased by approximately 30 saplings per acre
among all plots. The sapling density of the other five species remained unchanged from 2014 to
2015. Overall, there was a decline in estimated saplings per acre from 506.1 in 2014 to 475.8 in
2015; approximately 30 saplings per acre less. However, this 2015 estimated sapling density for
the entire 10 acre bank parcel was well above the minimum 320 sapling targeted density.
5

Overall Success, Continued Monitoring and Maintenance Plan
The EvansBallahack Parcel will be monitored next during the 2016 growing season to ensure
that the parcel boundaries are maintained and that any easement terms are in compliance. If
supplemental planting is needed in the vicinity of Monitoring Plot BLK-2 or other areas,
approval from NC Division of Water Resources staff will be sought. Between late August and
October of 2016, the monitoring plots will be assessed and photographed and the fourth annual
report submitted to the NC DWR by December 31, 2016. Subsequent monitoring will be
conducted between late August and October and annual reports submitted to DWR for a total of
five growing seasons, pending final compliance. Signage has been installed at key access
locations identifying the Parcel as a conservation area, contact information and listing activities
that are not allowed as per the conservation easement.
Table 1. Species suitability for soils at the Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC.
Greene Environmental Services, LLC, Snow Hill, NC. Third Annual Report, 2015.
Tract
Dominant Soils
Soil Drainage
Species Suitability
1
Roanoke loam (Ro)
Poorly drained
river birch, yellow poplar, black gum, sycamore
2
Cape Fear loam (Ca)
Very poorly
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
drained
gum, sycamore, bald cypress
3
Cape Fear loam (Ca)
Very poorly
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
drained
gum, sycamore, bald cypress
Altavista fine sandy loam, 0
Well drained
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
to 3 percent slopes (AaA)
gum, sycamore, white oak, willow oak, water
oak
4
Ballahack fine sandy loam
Very poorly
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
(Ba)
drained
gum, sycamore, bald cypress
Portsmouth fine sandy loam
Very poorly
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
(Pu)
drained
gum, sycamore, bald cypress
Conetoe loamy sand, 0 to 4
Well drained
river birch, persimmon, yellow poplar, black
percent slopes (CeB)
gum, sycamore, white oak, willow oak, water
oak
11

Table 2. Seedlings planted in 2013 with supplemental 2014 plantings in parentheses, in four tracts at the
10 -acre Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC. Greene Environmental Services,
LLC, Snow Hill, NC. Third Annual Report, 2015.
Numbers of Seedlings of Character Tree Species Planted
Seedling Species
Common
Tract 1
Tract 2
Tract 3
Tract 4
Total
Percent
0 1.3+1.5
Name
0
0
0
0 0.0+0.0
Seedlings
of Total
Betula nigra
River birch
75
125
200
100
500
10 (9)
Diose ros vir iniana
Persimmon
0
100
50
50
200
4 (3)
Liriodendron
Yellow
100
250
300
50
700
14 (12)
tuli i era
poplar
0
0 0.8+1.0
Quercus rubra Red oak
0
1
3
N ssa s lvatica
Blackgurn
50
200
300
50
600
12 10
Platanus occidentalis
Sycamore
50 (25)
100 (50)
300
50 (25)
500 (700)
10 (12)
(100)
Quercus alba
White oak
50 (25)
50 (50)
550
50 (25)
700 (900)
14 (16)
(100)
Quercus nigra
Water oak
50
50
350
50
500
10 9
Quercus phellos
Willow oak
0
150
300
50
500
10 (9
Quercus rubra
Red oak
25 (25)
25 (50)
100
50 (25)
200 (400)
4 (7)
100
Taxodium distichum
Bald cypress
0
200 (50)
200
0
600 (800)
12 (14)
(100)
(
Totals
400 (475)
1250
2650
700
5000
100
1450
3050
825
5800
Table 3. Sapling counts by species in 10 in by 10 in (0.0247 -acre) monitoring plots recorded in
September 2015. Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC. Greene Environmental
Services, LLC, Snow Hill, NC. Third Annual Report, 2015.
Sapling Species Common Name
BLK-1
BLK-2
BLK-3
Average
BLK-4 (+Std.S)
Among Plots
Betula nigra River birch
2
3
0
0 1.3+1.5
Diospyros virginiana Am. Persimmon
0
0
0
0 0.0+0.0
Liriodendron tulipifera Yellow poplar
0
0
3
0 0.8+1.5
N ssa sylvan ca Blackgum
0
0
3
3 1.5+1.7
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore
1
2
2
1 1.5+0.6
Quercus alba White oak
0
0
5
2 1.8+2.4
Quercus nigra Water oak
0
0
0
2 0.5+1.0
Quercus phellos Willow oak
2
1
0
0 0.8+1.0
Quercus rubra Red oak
0
1
3
3 1.8+1.5
Taxodium distichum Bald cypress
8
0
0
0 2.0+4.0
Totals
13
7
16
11 11.8+3.8
7

Table 4. Sapling density per acre based on seedling counts in 10 m by 10 m (0.0247 -acre) monitoring
plots recorded in September 2015. Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC. Greene
Environmental Services, LLC, Snow Hill, NC. Third Annual Report, 2015.
Sapling Species
Common Name
BLK-1
BLK-2
BLK-3
BLK-4
Average
(+SD)
Among Plots
Betula nigra
River birch
81.0
121.5
0.0
0.0
50.6+_60.8
Diospyros vir iniana
Amer. persimmon
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0+0.0
Liriodendron tulipifera
Yellow poplar
0.0
0.0
121.5
0.0
30.4+_60.8
N ssa s lvatica
Blackgum
0.0
0.0
121.5
121.5
60.8+_70.1
Platanus occidentalis
Sycamore
40.5
81.0
81.0
40.5
60.8+_23.4
Quercus alba
White oak
0.0
0.0
202.4
81.0
70.9+_95.7
Quercus nigra
Water oak
0.0
0.0
0.0
81.0
20.3+_40.5
Quercus phellos
Willow oak
81.0
40.5
0.0
0.0
30.4+_38.8
Quercus rubra
Red oak
0.0
40.5
121.5
81.0
60.8+_52.3
Taxodium distichum
Bald cypress
323.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
81.0+_162.0
Totals
526.3
283.6
647.8
445.3
475.8+152.8
Table 5. Species relative density, as percentage of saplings in 10 m by 10 m (0.0247 -acre) monitoring
plots recorded in September 2015. Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC. Greene
Environmental Services, LLC, Snow Hill, NC. First Annual Report, 2015.
Sapling Species
Common Name
BLK-
1
BLK-
2
BLK-
3
BLK-
4
Overall Percent
Rel. Den. Among
Plots
Betula nigra
River birch
12.5
30.0
0.0
0.0
10.6+14.2
Diospyros virginiana
Amer. Persimmon
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0+0.0
Liriodendron tulipifera
Yellow poplar
6.3
20.0
21.4
0.0
11.9+10.5
Nyssa sylvatica
Blackgum
12.5
10.0
21.4
30.0
18.5+9.1
Platanus occidentalis
Sycamore
6.3
20.0
14.3
10.0
12.7+5.9
Quercus alba
White oak
0.0
0.0
21.4
30.0
12.9+15.2
Quercus nigra
Water oak
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.0
2.5+5.0
Quercus phellos
Willow oak
12.5
10.0
0.0
0.0
5.6+6.6
Quercus rubra
Red oak
0.0
10.0
21.4
20.0
12.9+10.0
Taxodium distichum
Bald cypress
50.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.5+25.0
Totals
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0+0.0
H

Table 6. Comparison of tree sapling density per acre between the second (2014) and third (2015) growing
seasons based on counts in 10 m by 10 m (0.0247 -acre). Negative number represents a decline in sapling
density. Evans/Ballahack Mitigation Bank in Edgecombe County, NC. Greene Environmental Services,
LLC, Snow Hill, NC. Third Annual Report, 2015.
Sapling Species Common
Name
Second Year (2014)
Monitoring,
Saplings Per Acre
Third Year (2015)
Monitoring,
Saplings Per Acre
Change in
Sapling
Density Per
Acre
Betula nigra River birch
50.6
50.6
0
Diospyros virginiana Am. persimmon
0.0
0.0
0
Liriodendron tulipifera Yellow poplar
60.7
30.4
-30.3
N ssa s lvatica Black gum
91.1
60.7
-30.4
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore
60.7
60.7
0
Quercus alba White oak
60.7
70.9
10.2
Quercus nigra Water oak
10.1
20.2
10.1
Quercus phellos Willow oak
30.4
30.4
0
Quercus rubra Red oak
60.7
70.9
10.2
Taxodium distichum Bald cypress
81.0
81.0
0
Totals
506.1
475.8
-30.3
01

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Location of Stream
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Tract 2
Riparian Buffer Area: 1.26 acres (54,886 sq. ft)
Nutrient Offset Area: 1.56 ac (67,954 sq. ft)
Tar River Buffer
Area Nutrient Offset
CTE
Figure 5a - Survey Excerpt
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94 H ern Produce Rd,
9nvro Hill. WC 2OUD
Line
N.T.S.

Tract 3''
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Riparian Buffer Area: 2.80 ac (121,968 sq. ft)
Nutrient Offset Area: 2.85 ac (124,146 sq. ft) Match Line
I'
03
W
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Tract 4
Riparian Buffer Area: 0.93 ac (40,511 sq. ft)
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BLK-2
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Figure 5b —Survey Excerpt
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Figure 5b —Survey Excerpt
N.T.S.

Plot: BLK-1
16
NE
10
12
9
♦
8 6 ♦ 7 11 ♦
7 ♦ 5 ♦8 ♦ 13
6
5 4 10 DEAD
19
4 ♦ ♦ 3 DEAD ♦ 14 DEAD
3 15
2 X16 DEAD
1
®1 18 ♦ 17 DEAD
0 1 -
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NW
Tree ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Species
Bald Cypress
Yellow Poplar DEAD
Blackgum DEAD
River birch
Bald Cypress
Bald Cypress
Bald Cypress
Bald Cypress
Bald Cypress
Blackgum DEAD
Tree ID Species
SE
10 SW
11
Bald Cypress
12
River birch
13
Bald Cypress
14
Yellow poplar DEAD
15
Willow oak
16
Yellow poplar DEAD
17
Blackgum DEAD
18
Willow oak
19
Sycamore

PLOT: BLK-2
17
NE
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
♦ 5 ♦ 6 ♦ 7
♦ 4 DEAD
♦ 3 DEAD 9 DEAD - 8
2
11 DEAD
♦1 12 DEAD 10
SE
0 1
2 3 4
5 6 7
8 9 10
NW
SW
Tree ID
Species
Tree ID
Species
1
River birch
7
Sycamore
2
River birch
8
River birch
3
Blackgum DEAD
9
Yellow poplar DEAD
4
White oak DEAD
10
Red oak
5
Willow oak
11
Yellow poplar DEAD
6
Sycamore
12
Blackgum DEAD

PLOT: BLK-3
NE
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2 DEAD M 11
Yellow poplar
♦7
12
♦17
Black gum DEAD
♦
♦9
16
Black gum
♦1 ♦ 5
♦10
4
Red oak
♦ 14
Red oak
18
♦ 4 ♦♦ 15 DEAD
White oak
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NW
SE
8
1
Yellow poplar
11
Sycamore
2
Black gum DEAD
12
White oak
3
Black gum
13
Red oak
4
Red oak
14
Red oak
5
White oak
15
Sycamore
6
White oak
16
Water oak
7
White oak
17
Water oak
8
Yellow poplar
18
White oak
9
Black gum
19
Willow oak
10
Yellow poplar

PLOT: BLK-4
0V
NE
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SE
14
AD*
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
NW SW
Red oak
Blackgum
Yellow poplar DEAD
Red oak
Water oak
Blackgum DEAD
Sycamore
1
Blackgum
8
2
Blackgum
9
3
Water oak
10
1
4
Red oak
11
5
White oak
12
6
Water oak DEAD
13
7
White oak
14
Red oak
Blackgum
Yellow poplar DEAD
Red oak
Water oak
Blackgum DEAD
Sycamore