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HomeMy WebLinkAbout090151_Application_20240328State of North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division of Water Resources Animal Waste Management Systems Request for Certification of Coverage Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit On September 30, 2024, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2024. Please do not leave any question unanswered. Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below. Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee. L Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS090151 2. Facility Name: J. B. Priest Farm 1 3. Permittee's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan): Priest Farms LLC 4. Permittee's Mailing Address: 155 Robbins Rd City: Council State: NC Telephone Number: 910-876-1368 Ext. E-mail: 5. Facility's Physical Address: 3917 White Plains Church Rd City: Council State: NC 6. County where Facility is located: Bladen 7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner): 8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code): 9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"): Murphy -Brown LLC 10. Operator Name (OIC): Kevin Lane Priest Phone No.: 910-876-1368 11. Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"): 12. Indicate animal operation type and number: Current Permit: Operations Type Allowable Count Swine - Feeder to Finish 4,896 Operation Tvnec: Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Poultry Gilts Other Non Laying Pullet Other Layers Zip: 28434 Zip: 28434 OIC #: 985751 Other Types Horses - Horses Horses - Other Sheep -Sheep Sheep - Other 13. Waste Treatment Lagoons, Digesters and Waste Storage Ponds (WSP): (Fill/Verify the following information. Make all necessary corrections and provide missing data.) Structure Name Structure Type (Lagoon/Digester/ WSP) Estimated Date Built Liner Type (Clay, Synthetic, Unknown) Capacity (Cubic Feet) Estimated Surface Area (Square Fcet) Design Freeboard "Redline" (Inches) 1 Lagoon 1/28/1992 Full, clay 982,160.00 123,000.00 19.00 ? 1 11"em I 1 bsgo- Submit one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.1OC(d), either by mailing to the address below or sending it via email to the email address below. The CAWMP must include the following components: 1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), signed by the owner and a certified technical specialist, containing: a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.) b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map) c. The soil series present on every land application field d. The crops grown on every land application field e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP f. The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP h. The required NRCS Standard specifications 2. A site map/schematic 3. Emergency Action Plan 4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted 5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted 6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist 7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to your facility. 8. Operation and Maintenance Plan If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal. (e.g. composting, digesters, solids separators, sludge drying system, waste transfers, etc.) I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that, if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete. Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.613, any person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. (18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for a similar offense.) Print the Name of the Permittee/Landowner/Signing Official and Sign below. (If multiple Landowners exist, all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation): Name (Print),:��5 f . ru��S a-e_ (y� �ra�eS Title: /�w Signature: R' .. ZZC- U)l i'-. Date: ,26 -_1 LJ Name (Print): Signature: Name (Print): Signature: Title: Date: Title: Date: THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS: E-mail: animal.operations@deq.ne.gov NCDEQ-DWR Animal Feeding Operations Program 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636 _--__- VENT MANAGEMENT PLAN Growerl's): Farm Name: J.B. Priest County: Farm 1 Farm Type: Bladen Feed -Fin Farm Capacity: 4896 Storage Structure: Storage Period: Anaerobic Lagoon Application Method: 180 days Irrigation The waste from your animal facility must be land applied at a specified rate to prevent pollution Of surface water and/or groundwater. The plant nutrients in the animal waste should be used to reduce the amount of commercial fertilizer required for the crops in the fields where the waste is to be applied. This waste utilization plan uses nitrogen as the limiting nutrient_ Waste should be analyzed before each application cycle. Annual soil tests are strongly encouraged so that all plant iutrients can be balanced for realistic yields of the crop to be grown. Several factors are important in implementing your waste utilization plan in order to maximize the fertilizer value of the waste and to ensure that it is applied in an environmentally safe manner: 1. Always apply waste based on the needs of the crop to be grown and the nutrient content of the waste. Do not apply more nitrogen than the crop can utilize. 2_ Soil types are important as they have different infiltration rates, leaching potentials, cation exchange capacities, and available water holding capacities. 3. Normally waste shall be applied to land eroding at less than 5 tons per acre per year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at 5 or more tons per acre annually, but less than 10 tons per acre per year providing that adequate filter strips are established. 4. Do not apply waste on saturated soils, when it is raining, or when the surface is frozen. Either of these conditions may result in runoff to surface waters which is not allowed under DWQ regulations. 5. Wind conditions should also be considered to avoid drift and downwind odor Page: 1 problems. 6. To maximize the value of the nutrients for crop production and to reduce the potential for pollution, the waste should be applied to a growing crop or applied not more than 30 days prior to planting a crop or forages breaking dormancy. Injecting the waste or disking will conserve nutrients and reduce odor problems. This plan is based on the waste application method shown above. If you choose to change methods in the future, you need to revise this plan. Nutrient levels for different application methods are not the same_ The estimated acres needed to apply the animal waste is based on typical nutrient content for this type of facility. In some cases you may want to have plant analysis made, which could allow additional waste to be applied. Provisions shall be made for the area receiving waste to be flexible so as to accommodate changing waste analysis content and crop type. Lime must be applied to maintain pH in the optimum range for specific crop production. This waste utilization plan, if carried out, meets the requirements for compliance with 15A NCAC 2H .0217 adopted by the Environmental Management Commission_ AMOUNT OF WASTE PRODUCED PER YEAR ( gallons, ft3, tons, etc.): 4896 animals 985.50 gal/animallyear = AMOUNT OF PLANT AVAILABLE NITROGEN PRODUCED PER YEAR (lbs): 4896 animals X 2.30 lbs/animallyear = 4,825,008 gallons 11,260.80 Ibs Applying the above amount of waste is a big job. You should plan time and have appropriate equipment to apply the waste in a timely manner The following acreage will be needed for waste application based on the crop to be grown, soil type, and surface application. Page: 2 v Tract Hyd Soil Crop Yield Ibs N Acres Lbs N/Ac 3266 _ _ Type Code /Ac /unit Residual 5 A PDuA 4.0 50.00 3.2 -- 5 -A iDuA 50.00 3.2 8 B NoB 4.6 50.00 2.8 8 C NoB 50.00 4.5 8 -6 NoB K 50.00 2.8 8 -C NoB 50.00 4.5 7 D NoB 4.6 50.00 3.0 7 -D NoB 50.00 3.0 7 E NoB 4.6 50.00 3.0 7 --E NoB 50.00 3.0 7 F NoB 4.6 50.00 3.0 7 -F NoB 50.00 3.0 7 G NoB 4.6 50.00 3.0 7 -G NoB 50.00 3.0 7 H NoB 4.6 50.00 2.0 7 -H NoB 50.00 2.0 7 1 NoB 4.6 50.00 3.6 7 -I NoB K 50.00 3.6 7 J NoB B 4.6 50.00 2.9 7 _J NoB 50.00 2.9 6 K NoB O 33.0 4.00 1.8 6 -K NoB 60.0 2.40 1 1.8 20.0 3 L NoB 33.0 4.00 1.9 3 -L NoB N 60.0 2.40 1.9 20.0 3 v M NoB O 33.0 4.00 3.9 3 -M NoB 60.0 2.40 3.9 20.0 3 N NoB O 33.0 4.00 1.9 3 -N NoB N 60.0 2.40 1.9 20.0 Total 40.5 Available N *Difference Lbs N Ibs N Time to /Ac Required Apply 200.0 640.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 160.00 S-April 230.0 644.00 Mar -Oct 230.0 1035.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 140.00 S-April 50.0 225.00 S-April 230.0 690.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 150.00 S-April 230.0 690.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 150.00 S-April 230.0 690.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 150.00 S-April 230.0 690.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 150.00 ( S-April 230.0 460.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 100.00 S-April 230.0 828.00 Mar -Oct_ 50.0 180.00 S-April 230.0 667.00 Mar -Oct 50.0 145.00 S-April 132.0 237.60 Jun-S 124.0 223.20 S-April 0) 132.0 250.80 Jun-S 124.0 235.60 S-April 132.0 514.80 Jun-S 124.0 483.60 S-April Y 132.0 250.80 Jun -St 124.0 235.60 S-April 11016.00 10146.00 -870.00 Indicates that this field is being overseeded (i.e. interplanted) or winter annuals follow summer annuals. *A negative number reflects the total Ibs of additional nitrogen needed to achieve yields on acreage listed in chart. A positive number means additional acreage is required to utilize the nitrogen produced by the farm. NOTE: This plan does not include commercial fertilizer. The farm should produce adequate plant available nitrogen to satisfy the requirements of the crops listed above. The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while meeting the N requirements. Page: 3 In th'e'future, regulations may require farmers in some parts of North Carolina to have a nutrient management plan that addresses nutrients. This plan only addresses nitrogen. In interplanted fields ( i.e. small etc, interseeded in bermuda), forage must be removed through grazing, hay, and/or silage. Where grazing, plants should be grazed when they reach a height of six to nine inches. Cattle should be removed when plants are grazed to a height of four inches. In fields where small grain, etc, is to be removed for hay or silage, care should be exercised not to let small grain reach maturity, especially late in the season (i.e. April or May). Shading may result small grain gets too high and this will definately interfere with stand of Bermudagrass. This loss of stand will result in reduced yields and less nitrogen being utilized. Rather than cutting small grain for hay or silage just before heading as is the normal situation, you are encouraged to cut the small grain earlier. You may want to consider harvesting hay or silage two to three times during the season, depending on the time small grain is planted in the fall. The ideal time to interplant small grain, etc, is late September or early October. Drilling is recommended over broadcasting. Bermudagrass should be grazed or cut to a height of about two inches before drilling for best results. The following legend explains the crop codes listed in the table above: Crop Code crop Lbs N utilized / unit yield A 1.6 lbs N / bushel B iybrid Bermudagrass - Grazed 50 lbs N / ton C Hybrid Bermudagrass - Hay 50 lbs N / ton D Grain 1.25 lbs N / bushel E Corn - Silage 12 lbs N / ton E Cotton 0.12 lbs N / lbs lint G Fescue - Grazed 50 lbs N / ton H Fescue- Hay 50 lbs N / ton 1 1.3 lbs N / bushel J 2.4 lbs N / bushel K Small Grain - Grazed 100 lbs N / acre L Small Grain - Hay 133 lbs N / acre M Grain Sorghum 2.5 lbs N / cwt N Wheat 2.4 lbs N / bushel ® Soybean 4.0 lbs N / bushel Acres shown in the preceding table are considered to be the usable acres excluding required buffers, filter strips along ditches, odd areas unable to be irrigated, and perimeter areas not receiving full application rates due to equipment limitations. Actual total acres in the fields listed may, and most likely will be, more than the acres shown in the tables. Page: 4 See attached map showing to be used for the utilization of animal waste. ---SLUDGE APPLICATION: The waste utilization plan must provisions for periodic land application of sludge at agronomic rates. The sludri ge will be nutrient rich and will require precautionary measures to prevent over application of nutrients or other elements. Your production facility will produce approximately 0.38 pounds of plant available nitrogen per animal per year in the sludge based on the application method listed earlier. If you remove the sludge every 5 years, you will have approximately 8812.80 pounds of PAN to utilize. Assuming you apply this PAN to hybrid bermudagrass hayland at the rate of 300 pounds of nitrogen per acre, you will need 29.38 acres of land. If you apply the sludge to corn at a rate of 125 pounds per acre, you will need 70.50 acres of land. Please be aware that these are only estimates of the PAN and land needed. Actual requirements could vary by 25% depending sludge waste analysis, soil types, realistic yields, and applications. APPLICATION OF WASTE IRRIGATION: The irrigation application rate should not exceed the intake rate of the soil at the time of irrigation such that runoff or ponding occurs. This rate is limited by initial soil moisture content, soil structure, soil texture, water droplet size, and organic solids. The application amount should not exceed the available water holding capacity of the soil at the time of irrigation nor should the plant available nitrogen applied exceed the nitrogen needs of the crop. If surface irrigation is the method of land application for this plan, it is the responsibility of the producer and irrigation designer to ensure that an irrigation system is installed to properly irrigate the acres shown in the preceding table. Failure to apply the recommended rates and amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid. The following is provided as a guide for establishing application rates and amounts. Soil Application Rate Application Amount Tract Hyd Type Crop in/hr * inches S-N all 0.50 1.00 A DuA 0.40 1.00 *This is the maximum application amount allowed for the soil assuming the amount of nitrogen allowed for the crop is not over applied. In many situations, the application amount shown cannot be applied because of the nitrogen limitation_ The maximum application amount shown can be applied under optimum soil conditions. Page: 5 Your facility fis designed of temporary storage and the temporary storage must be removed on the average of once every 6 months. In no instance should the volume of the waste stored in your structure be within the 25 year 24 hour storm storage or one foot of freeboard except in the event of the 25 year 24 hour storm. It is the responslability of the croducer and waste applicator to ensure that the spreader equipment is operated properly to apply the correct rates to the acres shown in the tables. Failure to apply the recommended rates and amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid. Cali your technical specialist often you receive the waste analysis report for assistance in determining the amount acre and the proper application prior to applying the waste. Additional Comments: 9 r Zeal ����rL'� /^' J ��tfiCc�X. ,,(i ��,LD)��iC7._.• ,C�- (�`l�-.�L�.f C� � v 7N��L�C-�Qc �" PC ti /hei-lw . P44 k'Wrx 6 PA14 1 �- JU a. cr„�ti c k4 �`� �°% rwA Page: 6 PLANS & SPECIFICATIONS 1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift, manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during operation or land application. Any discharge of waste which reaches surface water is prohibited. Illegal discharges are subject to assessment of civil penalties of $10,000 per day by the Division of Water Quality for every day the discharge continues. 2. The Field Office must have documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns or has long term access to adequate land to properly dispose of waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to properly dispose of waste, he shall provide NRCS with a copy of a written agreement with a landowner who is within a reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application for the life expectancy of the production facility. It is the responsibility of the owner of the facility to secure an update of the Waste Utilization Plan when there is a change in the operation, increase in the number of animals, method of utilization, or available land. 3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the Nitrogen needs for realistic crop yields based on soil type, available moisture, historical data, climate conditions, and level of management, unless there are regulations that restrict the rate of application for other nutrients. 4. Animal waste may be applied to land that has a Resource Management System (RMS) or an Alternative Conservation System (ACS). If an ACS is used the soil loss shall be no greater than 10 tons per acre per year and appropriate filter strips will be used where runoff leaves the field. These filter strips will be in addition to "Buffers" required by DEM. (See FOTG Stantard 393 - Filter Strips and Standard 390 Interim Riparian Forest Buffers), 5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or disking after waste application. Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift from the irrigation field. 6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, it will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone to flooding. (See "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" in the NRCS Technical Reference - Environment file for guidance.) *7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate such that runoff does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift from the site during application. No ponding should occur in order to control conditions conducive to odor or flies and to provide uniformity of application. 8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events, or when the surface is frozen, 9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth. 10. Waste nutrients shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of a crop on bare soil. 11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with the following: the outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any residential property boundary and from anv Derennial stream or river (other that an irriaation ditch or canal. Animal waste other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995), shall not be applied closer than 25 feet to perennial waters. (See Standard 393 - Filter Strips) 12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells. 13. Animal Waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than those owned by the landownwer. 14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public right - of ways. 15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways, or wetlands by discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be applied to prior converted croplands provided they have been approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal waste should not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly into water courses, except when applied at agronomic rates and the application causes no runoff or drift from the site. *16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets, sinks, etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste management system. *17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). If needed, special vegetation shall be provided for these areas and shall be fenced, as necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc. are limited to areas where considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and accessible. Lagoon berms and structures should be inspected regularly for evidence of erosion, leakage or discharge. *18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge, pollution and erosion. *19. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills. A regular maintenance checklist should be kept on site. 20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other crops for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for direct human consumption, it should only be applied as a preemergence with no other applications of animal waste during the crop season. *21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom elevations of the temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum storage volume fpr waste storage ponds. 22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the rate -determining element. Zinc and copper levels in the soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted for optimum crop production amd maintained. Soil and waste analysis records shall be kept for five (5) years. Poultry dry waste application records shall be maintained for three (3) years. Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five (5) years. 23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina Department of Agriculture regulations. * Liquid Systems NUTRIENT i�o'!•, { AGEMENT PLAN CERTIFICATION of Farm: Owner/Manager Agreement: I/we understand and will follow implement the specifications and the operation and maintenance procedures established in the approved animal waste nutrient management plan for the farm named above. Ilwe know that any expansion to the existing design capacity of the waste treatment and/or storage system, or construction of new facilities, will require a new nutrient management Man .:and a new certification to be submitted to DWQ before the new animals are stocked. I/we understand that I must own or have access to equipment, primarily irrigation equipment, to land apply the animal waste described in this nutrient management plan. This equipment must be available at the appropriate pumping time such that no discharge occurs from the lagoon in the event of a 25 year 24 hour storm. I also certify that the waste will be applied on the land according to this plain at times and at rates which produce no runoff. This plan will be filed on site at the farm office and at the office of the local Soil and Water Conservation District and for review by NCDWQ upon request. Name of Facility Owner: Signature: w' Name of Manager (if different Signature: r r owner): Please Print Date Date Name of Technical use: ialist Sonya J. Barber Affiliation: Harvest Net, Inc. Adrl, ess: P.O. Box 32 Council, NC 28434 Ta:ephone: (910) 645-6758 Signature: � ✓ dam' ; - �`- Date Page: 7 SC IL CONSERVATION SERVICE 2 _81 A ' C O."I'S ER VAT I ON P1, 'It'% . MAP Owner _.:�L:12' _GDerc,tor_ :�D . V1. Gant;; L F-i j --Date le L _—Appro.,imate sca )xima,e acres C-66perating -with_ Conservation District Photo number ber k Ass;sted by —USDl Soil Conservation Service A. 7-' vr -v­ - W lds 77 I$ vv 25, --__j P:7 -J'O _AWN 4 W Ta w"d - �pk �Wh .4 A SZ MI. V I. tm 3 v,_ iN TI- 4 ma-14 X, Z_ N�.�, W K ..K -XI AN A� lwl -it f W k4,14YA, 0�Ir' A-W 4 % -rr tog Ir 41� t7:7 I 1, ; f-I n Z�6�4 Z! V" tmk _R) Q% A V, g 17 "W"i R." nT tw zr ' 0 ze W 14. tS LL U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURFr SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE SCS CPA -16 N CONSERVATION PLAN MAP 2 -81 Owner Operator County ?51 State Date Approximate acres Cooperating with Approximate scale COP Plan identification, Conservation District Photo number k-identification, Assisted by USDA Soil Conservation Service J/ .34 SA sj. L W I 7 L V •� y if _ 2 .: r '^. O cd n r h Q O .^• C P O •- - I • __ � C iQid V > Q C, •7 O j '� cs J ci i 43 U U Gis rs� GigG G GBTIZ,,GILS� 0 C C n J n n L: 'A JI c .3 3 C =. 1 f rI 0 J ;I cn I e� I � a � r O •� 1ilF I• L. W _ I L. 1� C,a _ •C '� y ' a C -0 eS • • • • u - 7 � G •O a � m O -• LU w + •.'�-' 7 O •G C r 7 � O ❑GiG ❑ G G 3 O � a O U � L J V R r L _ S U wl n u a 'c U •� _ aU. z e-j O C� 3 G G G ❑ G ,z v r r O Y Z [m c� c ' G n � � ' Li J - S t,. L � ' v a o � � n L L jal -_ !j L K C •n N A U _ U7 1 C U 7 U C: UUUUU; � z zzzzzz- u c L U �1 V xl L cn L � 7 N rz a� c �^ U cf2v V" �.. < C j Gl� C r q C � 1 � s tA _ \ - / ] . > 7 3 \� -Jj _ -- EMI-- CE XY ACTION PLAN PHONE NUMBERS DWQ 910-486-1541 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 911 SWCD 910-862-6936 NRCS 910-862-6936 This plan will he implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking, overflowing, or running off site.- You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or leave your property to consider that you have a Problem. - You should make every effort to ensure that this does not happen. This__-lan•should he asted in an accessible location for all_em_D.loyees at the facility. The following are some action items you should take. 1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or inay not be possible. Suggested responses to some possible problems are listed below. A. Lagoon overflow -possible solutions are: a. Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam. b. Punp wastes to fields at an acceptable rate. C. Stop all flows to the lagoon immediately. d. Call a pumping contractor. e. Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon. B: Runoff from waste application field -actions include: a. I-mmediately stop waste application. b. Create a temporary diversion to contain waste. r C. Incorporate waste to reduce runoff. d. Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that caused the runoff. e. Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred. C: Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers -action include: a. Stop recycle pump. b. Stop irrigation pump. C. Close valves to eliminate further discharge. r d Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps. D: Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators -action include: a. stop recycle pump. b. Stop irrigation pump. C. Make sure no siphon occurs. d. Stop all flows in the house, flush systems, or solid separators. e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps. E: Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks - possible action: a. Dig a small well or ditch to catch all seepage, put in a submersible pump, and pump back to lagoon. b. If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and compact with a clay type soil. C. Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and lagoon bottom as soon as possible. 2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages. a. Did the waste reach any surface waters? b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration? C. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage? d. Did the spill leave the property? e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters? f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters? g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off of the property)? h. How much reached surface waters? 3: Contact appropriate agencies. a. During normal business hours, call your DWQ (Division of Water Quality) regional office; Phone 910-486-1541• After hours, emergency number: 919- 733-3942. Your phone call should include: your name, facility, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact location of the facility, the location or direction of mover,ent of the spill, weather and wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the seriousness of the situation. b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters Call local EMS Phone number -911. C. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department. d. Contact CES, phone number 910-862-4591, local SWCD office phone number 910-862-6936, and local NRCS office for advice/technical assistance phone number 910-862-6936. 4: If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriff's Department and explain your problem to them and ask that person to contact the proper agencies for you. 5� Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair of problem to raininize off -site damage. a. Contractors Name : _ b. Contractors Address: L c . Contractors Phone: 11/0 - V i 6: Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (MRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.) a. Name: _ b. Phone 7: Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify the damage, xepair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems with release of wastes from happening again. elc W'elnaahlwordlern gactplen.dcz 9ep[f2.9e 9 -1 s1 Version —November 26, 2018 Mortality Management Methods Indicate which methods) will be implemented. Meth se0 %7g multiple methods indicate 7er a primary versus secondary option. Methods than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian. Primary Secondary Routine Mortality ® �r`w' "ree feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal death. i he burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water (G,S :; 05-4.03). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal y e :able. Attach burial location map and plan. . I andfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC ?3e. .02,-0. Rerder;-g at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7. COMDle'e incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102. A Corr. posting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con- sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm, add:Flonal requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ. (j In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70). aAny rnet�od which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible the sai-,rage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health. (Writto^ approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached). 11 Mass Mortallty Plan Mass ,mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are also -eccrrmended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man- agement methods to be used for mass mortality, The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup- ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance. • A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated whe^ r•umbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State ':'eter;narian. • Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary Division regulations and guidance. • Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal waste management system permit). • In 'he event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4. Signature of Farm owner/Manager Date Signature of Technical Specialist Date Priest �n / �ountyDate: D.sTance to nearest res/oence totoe, t,^n ownyr/: 00.0 feet �. STEADY STATE LIVE WEI8HT 0 sows (farrow to finish) x 1*17 ios' = 0 v � sows (farrow to feeder) s 4896 nead <f,nishin3 only) 0 sows (farrow to wean) x 43� !-js^ O head (wean to feeder) x 3O |�s ^ = 0 |�s TOTAL STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT (35,W) = cy%960 /os' �. MInlMuM REQUIRED TREATMEN7 VOLUME OF LAGOON Volume = 660960 !bs. SSLW : Treatment VoiumekCF`/'b ESLN Treatment Volume(CF)/ib. SEL*= 1 CF/|� S'LN Vo1ume = �6096Q cub/c feet ~^ � 3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION Volume = 0.0 cub!c feet-^m"e +. �OTAL DES'I8N VOLUME —~ Inside top length 400.0 feet ; Ins/oe top w/otn 305 9 ��e~ ToP of dike at elevation +5.0 feet ^ Freeboard 1.0 feet ; S!de s/opes 3.0 : 1 (Ins/oe /E9oon` Total aesiSn lagoon liquid ievel at eievar/o» 44.0 feet' Bottom of �a8oan eievat!on �4.0 feet ^ Seasonal high water tab.e elevation 4/,0 --.4~feet Total design volume using prisma/dai fornu/a SS/END! SWEND2 SS/SIDE! SS,6IDEZ 0�i 1DTF| D-EPTF i AREA OF TOP LEN'GTH * WIDTH = 394.0 29Y.0 10 AREA OF T�P) AREA OF BOTTOM LENGTH * wlDTH = 234.0 239.0 *REA OF MIDGECTION L.Em(,JT+j * WIDT* * � '364.0 269.0 3916c4.0 .ARE4 OF MIDSEC"lON * 4) -- �:'.J. FT. = [AREA TOP k4*AREA M D5E[TI0v) + AREA 80770111 ' DEc-�'' 1178%.0 3�1�^*'o 79320.0 ' VOLUME OF LAGOON AT TOTAL DESIGN "DIAL) LEVEL `7 - �mft DRAINAGE AREM (too o / �:e) Length * Width = 400,0 3'/5'0 122000.0 scuare feet Du/|o/n8s (roof and !ot water) Length * width � 0.0 f,:j.0 0.0 sjuare feet TOTAL DA 12Z000'C �eet ]esiSn to te 18; oa`s. waste proouce,� Approximate daily production of manure in CF/LE 5SLN Volume = 660960 w. SS_W * CF of waste/Lb./Day * 180 days Vo|ume = 1��410 cuo/c feet ~~ '. Vo/une of was� w�ter 7his is the amount of freso water used for wash!n3 f/oc's or voiums of fresh water used for a Kush system. Flush systems tnat recirsu.� rhe lagoon water are accounted for in 5A. Volume = 0.0 3a||ons/oay * 180 days storn3e'7.48 2a.ion� per �F Volume = 0A, cubic feet ��. Volume of ruinfa:' in e:cess of evaporRt'on Per'Qg Qf time woeo rs!nfa|/ eyceers evaporation c/ ^ aroeEt awwan z80 cays excess ~a/n!z'; = 7.0 ,ncheE = Yo/ume /pchps per foot Voiu'me = 7116.T cuc feet 11 ~=�. Vo|J.me of 25 year - 24 hocr storm Vo/ume = 7.0 inc�es Vo/ume = 71166.7 cut.ic feet TOTAL REOUIRED TEMPORARY STO,A8E 5A. 161410 c *et 5E-,. 0 cuo/c �eet 5C. T1167 ccb/c ��et 5D. 71167 c�b.c ��et TOTAL �O37+4 c�� t �. 5UM�Y,ARY 'Tota/ required vo|umefeet' Totai desi8n vo ume avai|.cubic feet' M/n. req. treatment vo|ume p: L-s s e MC' cu"Nu;atior: �u09'50 cuh c �t e|ev. 41.2 feet ume 9 cuu/c�ell, o�' a| des/Sn vo|cme /ess 2�yr-2"nr storm is �109�3 cub.c �eet Rt e/ev. 43.3 feet o/ume is 900710 cub'c eet (s-apump.p Se�sona/ water tab|e e|ev eet -' DSIQAS'D 8Y�—��' � ' BY: DA�E � : | | ��"� u�- DATE: n�TE; SEE ATTACHED �A� T��N P�AN i' C. t- V a, DDIN., A If 92TTLED TOP DIKE E�EVA710N, TYPE EARTHWORK: A. Q e 111, 3S Encav: pa.:, STAT!Orq ELEV, 7ILL END AREA sum OF DIETAWCZ GROUND KEIGH7 (Sq, Ft. END A�,!EAS DOUIVE ------------------------------------- 44. (:1 1 t, 100 41 . () 200 ZZ6 2: 100.72 W5.72 38.4 6.6 209.0s �3 7 . 7a 226.43 446. :M, 382 56 2499.'' 7.2 Z41.92 529.92 DID 543 39.0 180 52992 -!60 p). .• a4 769 42,1 . 200% 0 955 .0 25 75, v? 1CM) 7 5 02 44.i 1016 44. 0.3 1.23 14. 0, 1116. 45.09 61 8% IZ7Z 4.7-1 Cj 41.5. o 0 - (D 4 DoWe Volume of F Cu. F7. Mume of F11! ( ige 1/27) 5050.0 Cu. V4. Q lowance for Sett: ewra(10%; 505.0 Cu. Yd, Tozz! Cubic Yarcs 02 + 3) 5555.0 Cu, yd. ZZ . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 I)EF!V-PIEN7 OF AGRICULTURE W-ENE-Z" Rev. Wsa Conse -vat Ion N A M E ADDRESS: ............................ TYFE Dike - - - ss ,,Tow Encay. SUN OF DISTANCE DOUBLE 27ATION F 1 LL. END AREA VOLUME HEIGHT sq, END REA5 feet 25 e5450 E 5 17 14 Q 8545) 215M) Z00 6 1446 150060 31 C`- 757 757 :514. C) Q 17 fj --------- ---- ----- ------------------- 205 591WO ZY5600 cu. Ft. 1004S.1 cu. Yo. 1094.8 CU. yl,� 5e7t Cu. Yd. lzma.o Computed bvs top In BLADEN (_ounty, 'jorth C 10-0 i 1 na j:�, I TTMAN Dart Left Right Of T -CL GL Dist EMAVATIOW FILL E Pt) A. t--2 a V -:, I u m e Ar- e -,.7. v 1.1 1 U!'CiE., Sta f t QqFt MUMS) 1 (Eqpt (CU. YdS 0. 0 too i2l. 11 17948.4 0. low 3! 1 363m 5218 'T 24966.4 . 0. o ??Zv,7 90 P 29288.4 0 1� 11 T L it, p r e par Y c OLACEN County, Nor Lh O%ro ! i ri�.. T T Mi A N 0 h e c v 0 r C, a "LMPLATE DATA: 4 E';t t i j, 0.00000 ft/ft 0.00000 ft/ft WOO to 3 + 0 c \ 3 c 1234 0.00000 MR 7 c\3c!229/-: S t i 47.6 500.0 46.,A WID . 0 44.9 '700. D �7 400.0 46 9 501.0 45.0 6MV 1 700. 0 & r t er 1 i n e, t 'j. j r-1 200.0 45.0 400.0 41,2 500-0 1 2. ME& A 2 3 700.0 K. 4 ENAL U .. . too. u 4!:"7" q-isI OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage Ievels so that you do not have problems during extended rain wet periods. y and Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertimeThis eans . that at the first signs of plant growth in the aster winter/early spring, m irrigation accordin t . a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage spce available in t to a Periods, In the late summer/early fall the lagoon shohe lagoon for future wet o uld be pumped down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage, Every effort should be made to Utilization plan will allow it. rrtairrtatn the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before startingto irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet Periods Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 2d. state law and subject to penalty action, hour storm is a violation of The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following; Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent. Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled, This may be done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices, This should be done at least once a year and Possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth. NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste. Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events, Items to be checked should include, as a minimum, the following: Waste Inlet Pies, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes ---look for; 1 . separation of joints 2. cracks or breaks 3, accumulation of salts or minerals 4. overall condition of pipes • Lagoon surface ---look for! 1 • undesirable vegetative growth 2. floating or lodged debris Embankment —look for: 1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes 2. side slope stability ---slumps or bulges 3. wet or damp areas on the back slope 4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action 5. rodent damage �Qe rlagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strops. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be used to reduce the wave impacts. Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and ConStruCkion of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat of a waste discharge, However, a permancnt solution should be reviewed by the technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless recommended by an appropriate technical expert. • Transfer Pumps ---check for proper operation of. 1 . recycling pumps 2• irrigation pumps Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or replacement. g NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you are not completely "Surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pu system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some mping safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lag time ti full, Your neighbor's lagoon is full also, You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare parts or pumps. Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking Iot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage structures, The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the following: 1, adcquate vegetation 2, diversion capacity 3. ridge berm height APR 03 2019 Wwwouality "ag6^na' O'peravons Section Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect you during or Immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is Cosystem determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts. You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted and then record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no puming), This will give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a p certain rainfall amount (you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in Planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessive) have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the lagoon from the surrounding land. Lagoon Operation Startup: 1 • Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil surfaces to avoid erosion. 2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes, 3 Drain ipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the la oon d urininitial filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining. 4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather). 5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid volume. This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the addition of wastewater. b• Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 c feet of lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises abooven7.0. Oer ptimum 00 umllagoon liquid PH is between 7.5 and 8.0. 7• A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological activity. Consultation with a technical s if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially duringothe warm season, Loading; The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the lagoon will function, Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained and recharged each day, also work well. • Practice water epnservation---minimize building water usage and Spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through Proper maintenance and water conservation. Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted, This will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon Management: Maintain lagoon Iiquid level between the the full temporary storage level. the storage level and • Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1). Start irrigating at the earliest nutrient requirements and soil moisture sssible o that in rtem temporary based on will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Sim Simnailae irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter, • The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the dam or embankment. • Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage level unless you are removing sludge, • Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible. • Prevent additions of bedding materials, molded feedlong-stemmed forage or vegetation, , plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the Iagoon. • Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or wherever they are installed, • Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges. Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment. • Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume. If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a Pollutant discharge. Sludge Removal: Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by: • proper lagoon sizing, • mechanical solids separation of flushed waste, • gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or • minimizing feed wastage and spillage, Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will: • have more nutrients, • have more odor, and • require more land to properly use the nutrients. Removal techniques: • Hire a custom applicator. • Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper -agitator impeller Pump through large -bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland, and soil incorporate, • Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. • Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that Iiquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate. Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste constituents just as you would your lagoon water, The sludge will contain different nutrient and metal values from the liquid, The application of the sludge to fields will be limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3, When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as possible. Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphores, it should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value. The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site. Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which could increase the concern of neighbors. Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. T Of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides overtopping, and breach of theYPeS dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the wfor ensuring structure safety, Items which may lead to loagoon failures include;ner has the responsibility Modification of the lagoon structure ---an example is the placement of a pipe in the dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.) • Lagoon liquid levels ---high levels are a safety risk. • Failure to inspect and maintain the dam. • Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon, • Liner integrity ---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge rem Oval, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table. NOTE: Tf lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soo gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starty cause a large d s, it can quick]ischarge Of wastewater and possible dam failure. n cause