Jordan Lake Project Division of Forest Resources Annual Mangagement Plan 1993

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment Health and Natural Resources
512 North Salisbury Street s Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary

Division of Forest Resources
1225 Big Woods Road
Chapel Hill, N.C. 27514
January 29, 1993

Mr. John Young
Resource Manager
B. Everette Jordan Lake Project
U.S. Corps of Engineers
P .O. Box 144
Moncure, N.C. 29559-1044

Dear Mr. Young:

Attached is the 1993 Annual Management Plan for the lands assigned
to the North Carolina Division of Forest Resources on the Jordan
Lake Project.

A copy of the report is provided to Mr. John Morris, N.C. Division
of Water Resources, EHNR, and through his office, an additional
copy for the Division of Cultural Resources.

Please contact me if additional information is desired.

Yours truly,

Kenneth F. Jeffries
Regional Forester

KFJ:ss

cc: Stan Adams
John Shepherd
Jim Prevette
John Morris

P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone] Fax # [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

N.C. DIVISION OF FOREST RESOURCES

B.E. JORDAN LAKE PROJECT

1992

OVERVIEW

The forest management activities on lands assigned to the
Division of Forest Resources are being accomplished in
accordance with the written forest management plans. One
wildlife food plot was established and site prep work for
three others have begun. Rehabilitation work was conducted
on roads in Block E & C to conform with Best Management
Practices and Stream Sedimentation Guidelines. Timber
marking for 35 acres of thinning in Block C was completed.
Efforts are still underway to develop a water source for the
Educational State Forest.

PROPOSED ACTIVITIES FOR 1993
EDUCATIONA.L STATE FOREST

Compartment A is operated and managed as the primary site
for educational activities. Compartments B, C and D are
managed as to complement the primary educational activities.

I. Compartment A

A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Continue to work on water supply problems and
have water on site by December 1993.

B. Forest Management
1) Mark and thin the unthinned acres of Stand
A-15. The thinning will be accomplished by
selectively marking the trees to be cut and

the cutting will be done by a logging
contractor. A 100' wide buffer strip will be
left along the lake where no logging
equipment will be permitted. Archaeological
site 31CH564 will be protected during the
logging operation.

2) Examine stands A-8, A-24, A-25, A-26, A-27
and A-29, for thinning and implement
harvesting, if feasible.
3) Conduct prescribed burn on stands A-13, A-14
and portions of A-15 that were thinned in the
past.
4) Develop Phase II plan by December 1993.
5) Monitor for control of insect damage,
trespass or other unauthorized activity.
C Operations
1) Efforts will be made to continue capital
improvements

II. Compartment B
A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Explore and map interesting and significant
natural features. Map locations for
multi-purpose trails.
B. Forest Management
1) Monitor stands for insect damage.

III. Compartment C
A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Reconstruct, stabilize and maintain existing
logging roads.
2) Locate and mark northern boundary.

B. Forest Management
1) Logging contractor to conduct thinning on
approximately 35 acres of C-35, C-37, C-38,
C-40 and C-41.
2) Examine thinned areas for prescribed burning
after cutting is completed. Conduct burn it
possible.
3) Examine stands C-33 and C-31 for thinning and
implement harvesting if feasible.
4) Monitor stands for insect damage.

IV. Compartment D
A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Explore and map significant natural features
for multi-purpose trails.
B. Forest Management
1) Monitor stand for insect damage.

REGION II FOREST

Compartments E and F are operated and managed as an
experimental and demonstration forest. Compartment F also
serves as the Regional Headquarters.

V Compartment E
A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Restrict vehicular travel on all roads and
encourage foot travel.
2) Reshape water diversions in access road.
3) Push off logging debris from the two logging
decks in E-1 and E-2 to establish acceptable
wildlife food pint.
B. Forest Management
1) Attain certified Stewardship Forest status.

2) Reestablish wildlife plots on stands E-16 and
E-2.
3) Conduct prescribed burns on portions of E-1,
E-2, E-12, E-13 and E-10.

VI. Compartment F
A. Construction and Maintenance
1) Continue landscaping Regional Headquarters
Site.
2) Rock lower end of road at equipment shelter.
B. Forest Management
1) Examine stands F-28 and F-30 for thinning and
implement harvest if feasible.

PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS

I. Compartment A
A. Stands A-18 and A-22 were returned to open field
status by bushogging and chainsaw work.
B. New gate installed to main entrance.

II. Compartments B & D
A. No management activities were conducted in those
areas.

III. Compartment C
A. Approximately 35 acres of stands C-35, C-37, C-39,
C-40 and C-41 was marked for thinning.
B. Existing logging roads were stabilized with water
diversions and winter rye. A small section of new
road was constructed to give access to Big Woods
Road.

IV. Compartment E
A. The access road was limed and fertilized to help
stabilize the area and also rocked at critical
areas.
B. The wildlife food plot at E4-2 and portions of
firelines on the entire compartment were seeded in
lespedeza.
C The wildlife food plot on E-16 was planted in
annual feed.
D. Logging debris on loading decks of E-1 and E-2
were burned off to prepare for food plot
establishment.
E. Boundaries of all archaeological sites were
repainted.
F. Stewardship Plan for the area was prepared and
will be reviewed by County Committee at the next
meeting.

V Compartment F
A. Road leading to equipment shelter was rocked.
B. Sand walkway constructed from Regional Office to
lake bank.
C. F-26 was limed and fertilized.
D Landscaping around Regional Headquarters
continued.

ANNUAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS - YEAR 1992
DIVISION OF FOREST RESOURCES
CORP OF ENGINEERS -- JORDAN LAKE
EDUCATIONAL STATE FOREST
AND
R-II EXPERIMENTAL FOREST
COMPARTMENTS

A B C D E
Acres Examined 44

Acres Marked or Designated
for Cutting 35

Timber Harvested
by Prescription

Pine Sawtimber - MBF

Hardwood Sawtimber - MBF

Pine Chip & Saw

Pine Pulpwood

Hardwood Pulpwood

Timber Sold $

Silviculture Burn
(Acres)

Site Prep Burn
(Acres)

Planted
(Acres)

Costs

T'SI
(Acres)

PAGE TWO - ANNUAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR YEAR 1992

A B C D E F
B.M.P.

Filter Strips
(Feet)

Costs

Structures
(Number)

Costs

Logging Road (Miles) .2
*Reconstruction

Skid Trails
(Miles)

Costs $475

Access Croad
Install Gates

Costs $300

Rehabilitation .7
(Miles)

Costs $1709 $250

Log Decks
(Acres)

Other $300
Landscaping

TOTAL EXPENDITURES & RECEIPTS

Receipts $ -0-

Expenditures $3034.00

*All reconstruction on logging roads was accomplished with DFR Personnel
and equipment.

ANNUAL REPORT OF RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
AND
ANNUAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
RESERVOIR: Jordan Lake LEASE/LICENSE NO.
NAME OF LESSEE/LICENSE: State of North Carolina
I. Receipts and Expenditures. Past Fiscal Year 1992
A. Receipts:
1. Appropriations $ -0-
2. Concessions
3. Rents and Fees
4. Other
5. Share Crops (When Authorized)
$

B. Expenditures:
1. Construction of Facilities and Improvements
a. $
b.
c.
2. Maintenance of Facilities
3. Equipment Costs
4. Personnel and Labor Costs
5. Other 3034.00
6. Share Crops (When Authorized)
$ 3034.00

II. Annual Management Program. Coming Fiscal Year 1993
A. Plans for Management Activities. Construction
of Facilities and Improvements $ 5000.00
B. Maintenance of Facilities $ 1000.00
C. Equipment Costs $
D. Labor Costs $ -0-
E. Number of Personnel to be Employed $ NCFS
F. Other Costs $

III.Capital Improvements Cost to Date $ 101,448.10

COMPARTMENT A
JORDAN LACE EDUCATIONAL STATE FOREST
STAND TYPE MAP
FOR FOREST MANACEMENT

DATE: Jan. 15, 1987 H.A.T.

COMPARTMENT B
OWNER JORDAN LAKE ED. STATE FOREST
COUNTY STAND TYPE MAP
DRAWN BY TATE
DATE DEC. 2, 1987
AERIAL PHOTO NO.

JORDAN LAKE
COMPARTMENTS C AND D
JORDAN LAKE EDUCATIONAL.
STATE FOREST
STAND TYPE MAP
DATE: Jan. 15. 1988 M.A.T.

TYPE MAP
REGION II, N. C. DIVISION FOREST RESOURCES
EXPERIMENTAL FOREST, COMPARTMENT E

JORDAN LAKE
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT HABITAT PLANTING
AND PROPOSED REGION II, N.C. DIVISION
FOREST RESOURCES HEADQUARTERS SITE
COMPARTMENT F
APPROXIMATELY 70ACRES

Map

11/23/87
B.E. JORDAN RESERVOIR
COMPARTMENT IDENTIFICATION
DIVISION of FOREST RESOURCES
N.C. Dept. of Natural Resources
and Community Development

========== MAP ===========

======== MAP ==========

Form No 10 '106 (Rav IO- 744
tJNITLDS1 Al LS DLI'ARTMLNI OF 1 I1L INl LRIOR
NATIONAL. PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
FOR FEDERAL PROPERTIES
NAME
HISTORIC
FOR NCI USE ONLY
'1
RECEIVED
•
DATE ENTERED
•
•
SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS
TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS
AND/OR COMMON
New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District
© LOCATION
STREET & NUMBER
B. Everett Jordan Dam and Lake
CITY, TOWN
New Hope and Williams Townships —. VICINITY OF
Nortr Carolina 037
®CLASSIFICATION
CATEGORY
SISTRICT
_BUILDING(S)
._STRUCTURE
__SITE
—OBJECT
•
OWNERSHIP
X_PUBUc
__PRIVATE
_BOTH
PUBLIC ACQUISITION
._IN PROCESS
_BEING CONSIDERED
AGENCY
REGIONAL HEADQUARTERS: (M applicaila)
Unit
STREET & NUMBER
P.O. Box 1890
CITY. TOWN
Wilmington
STATUS
OCCUPIED
).UNOCCUPIED
WORK IN PROGRESS
e ACCESSIBLE
'* YES: RESTRICTED
,1(YES: UNRESTRICTED
__NO •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
-XNOT FOR PUBLICATION
• CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT
Fnurth
COUNTY
Chatham
•
•
f Fnninpprc, Wjlijnnttn'Djs
VI CI NIIY OP
®LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION
COURTHOUSE.
REGISTRY OF DEED$ ETC.
• STREET & NUMBER
6
CITY. TOWN
Chatham County Courthouse
Pit;i grn
REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS
•
•
•
CODE
f1l,7
PRESENT USE
_.AGRICULTURE
COMMERCIAL
_EDUCATIONAL
_ENTERTAINMENT
X GOVERNMENT
_INDUSTRIAL
__MIUTARY
rist
4
Nnrth
t•
4
•
STATE
rarnlira
•
._MUSEUM
__PARK
_.PRIVATE RESIDENCE
_RELIGIOUS
_SCIENTIFIC
—TRANSPORTATION
_..OTNER
STATE
North carig1ina
•
9O
TITLEA Cultural Resource Survey of the Proposed Recreational Development
Wildlife.Subimpoundment at the B.Everett Jordan Dam and Iakp
DATE
March 1984
DEPOSITORY FOR
SURVEY RECORDS United States Army Corps of Engineers, Wi l thi ngton District
CITY. TOWN Wi 1 mi ngton _ North Larol i na
£FEDERAL __STATE _BOUNTY _..LOCAL
•
•
Areas and
28402
•

DESCRIPTION
CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE
_ EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED _UNALTERED x ORIGINAL SITE
_ GOOD x RUIND x ALTERED _ MOVED DATE__________
_ FAIR _ UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICA4. APPEARANCE

Context

The New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District was located during a survey
undertaken for the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District. Field
investigations began in June 1982 and were completed by August1982. The 4300 acres
surveyed were areas of proposed recreational development andproposed wildlife sub-
impoundments at the B. Everett Jordan Dam and Lake. Located in the upper northwest
portion of the Cape Fear River Basin, the area surveyed covered portions of Chatham,
Durham, Orange and Wake Counties, North Carolina. The study area had not been subjected
to prior systematic historical archeological investigation.

Collection procedures for areas without standing structural remains involved the
survey of transects and the placement of shovel tests. The transect intervals and the
spacing of the shovel test units varied according to local topographic and moisture
conditions. Those areas located on relatively flat well-drained soils were classified
as high intensity areas, while areas of greater topographic relief and varying moisture
conditions were labeled as moderate intensity regions. Areas classified as low
intensity consisted of low swampy regions subject to periodic flooding. Areas of high
topographic relief were alsp included in this level of survey intensity. Transects
located in regions of high survey intensity were regularly spaced 20 meters apart with
30 centimeter shovel tests placed every 50 meters. Moderate intensity survey coverage
was conducted along transects spaced 35 meters apart with shovel tests located every
65 meters. Low intensity survey coverage entailed the use of 100 meter transect
intervals with shovel tests every 60 meters. In addition to the shovel test program all
areas devoid of ground cover were inspected for surface material. When an archeological
site was discovered in a transect shovel test unit, additional shovel test units were
placed in all cardinal. directions radiating out from the initial positive test unit at
10 to 20 meter intervals Shovel testing in each direction continued until no artifacts
were recovered in two consecutive units. The information obtained from this shovel
testing operation served as the basis for determining site boundaries. Collection
procedures used on historic sites with standing structures or structural remains
incorporated many of the methods used on sites with no structural remains. In addition
to shovel testing and total surface collection, measured drawings of floor plans and
construction techniques were made. Scale maps of general site plans were made of sites
with multiple structural remains. To supplement this information, in many of the main
house dwellings, at least one 1 x 1 m unit was excavated and the backdirt screened
through 1/4 inch hardware cloth in an attempt to monitor crucial variables including
1) depth of cultural deposit; 2) density of artifactual material; 3) presence of diagnostic
artifacts indicative of the original occupation; 4) soil profiles and 5) presence of
intact cultural features.

Survey conducted in this manner resulted in the recovery or recordation of historical
artifacts from twenty-five sites in the 4300 acre study area with the artifacts recovered
or recorded representing a temporal range which spanned the period from around 1820 to
World War II. Five of the twenty-five sites were primarily prehistoric in assemblage,

Form No 10-300a
Rev 10-74
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 1

each yielding but one to five historical period artifacts; five others were historic
period activity sites from which no artifacts were recovered; and one site, the John
A. Mason House, is already listed in the National Register. Of the remaining historic
period sites, the nine included in the New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District
(31Ch526, 31Ch538, 31Ch539 31Ch540, 31Ch541, 31Ch542, 31Ch543, 31Ch564 and 31Ch565)
produced four fifths of the historical artifacts recovered from the entire survey. The
nominated sites possess a geographic cohesion and display a chronological homogeneity
which promise to elucidate patterns of early to mid-nineteenth century settlement in
this portion of the North Carolina Piedmont. For these reasons the nine sites in the
New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District are the only historic sites discovered
in the 1982 survey at B. Everett Jordan Dam and Lake which have been recommended for
listing in the National Register of Historic Places.

Historical background research conducted in conjunction with the 1982 survey
determined that the upper Haw River was first crossed by Euro-American explorers around
1700. Permanent Euro-American settlement in this portion of North Carolina's eastern
Piedmont began after 1740, and there was sufficient population in the study area by
1771 to warrant subdivision of Orange County into Guilford, Wake and Chatham Counties.

Stanley Wayne Trimble's important land use geography of the Piedmont categorizes
Chatham County agriculture at the time of its formation in the early 1770s as being
at the pioneer stage of development, with settlement farming along stream valleys, but
not yet widespread in the uplands. His regionalization of the Piedmont places Chatham
County in a mixed farming area just south of the tobacco plantation area of Virginia
and northeastern North Carolina, where erosive land use was most intensive prior to the
American Revolution (Trimble 1974:14-17; 43, 46). Merrens discussed the increasing
significance of commercial wheat cultivation in the area during the decade before the
Revolution, and points out that wheat marketing in the North Carolina Piedmont was linked
with the development of milling centers because it was cheaper to transport flour by
overland wagon than to cart bulkier unprocessed grain. Lard rendered from pork was also
one of colonial North Carolina s most important agricultural commodities with over
115,000 pounds exported in 1770 (Merrens 1964:112-116, 135).

Pioneers began securing land grants around the forks of the Deep, the Rocky, the
Haw and New Hope rivers around 1750 (Hadley et al. 1976:5-7):and by 1771 the region had
sufficient population, 1150 taxables, to be separated from Orange and organized as
Chatham County (Hadley et al. 1976:10) By 1787 Pittsboro was established as the
Chatham county seat, and it grew up around the courthouse and jail as one of the local
urban centers typified by Merrens. By 1790, 9200 people lived in Chatham County; 17
percent of them were slaves owned by 310 white masters who were committed to the
production of agricultural surplus. The county seat had weekly mail service from

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 2

Hillsboro and Raleigh by 1794 and by 1808 the earliest available map with sufficient
detail depicts Chatham County as traversed by a well established network of roads to
Pittsboro from Raleigh, Chapel Hill, Hillsboro; Salisbury and Fayetteville (Hadley et al
1976:204, 319; 4 Cantley and Kern ,1984:35). The county had 13,000 inhabitants by 1810,
approximately 20 percent of whom were slaves; these statistics remained relatively
constant over the next decade, suggesting that Chatham with its established county seat
and road system had achieved full agricultural settlement of both its lowlands and
uplands by that date (Trimble 1974:51).

Building upon this general background, map, census and cross-referenced local history
annotations permit the episodic reconstruction of a detailed picture of agricultural
life in the lower Haw and New Hope rivers for the remainder of the nineteenth and into
the twentieth centuries The transportation system was in place with its tracks to
individual farmsteads and roads to local and regional trade centers, and the larger
landholders in the area practiced mixed agriculture which focused on the production of
corn, hogs, and dairy products instead of the more typical Piedmont monoculture with
tobacco grown to the north and northeast of the study area in North Carolina and
Virginia, and with cotton grown to the south and southwest in North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia and Alabama (Trimble 1974: Chapter 3). In 1850 Chatham County had
18,500 inhabitants, 6000 or 32 percent of whom were slaves. The county ranked seventh
in the state in number of swine (41,000), and bushels of corn (625,000) and third in the
state for butter production (117,500 pounds) (U.S Bureau of the Census 1854). Trimble's
analysis suggests that Chatham County had a relatively high percentage of slaves for the
region that ,practiced mixed agriculture acid that Chatham's slaves were concentrated in
the northeastern, or study area portion of the county (Trimble. 1974:60).

After Emancipation most former slaves became tenant farmers, a transition which
was accompanied by increased cultivation of the traditional cash crops (tobacco and
cotton), an, increase in erosive land use, and a decrease in the mixed agriculture
production of corn and hogs. Chatham County produced 6 times more cotton in 1890 than in
1860 and 2.5 times more tobacco, while raising 30 percent fewer swine and growing 16
percent less corn (U.S. Bureau of Census 1864: Hadley et.al.1976:35). Chatham County's
predominantly rural population held relatively constant at around 24,000 inhabitants
from 1880 into the twentieth century (Hadley et al. 1976:442), but farmstead abandonment
occurred, particularly in areas where tenant cash crop cultivation caused increased soil
depletion (Trimble 1974 78). Rural depopulation accelerated in the twentieth century
with decreases in the acreage of all cash crops, particularly for cotton corn and
wheat. By 1970 less than one fifth of Chatham County s population was classified in the
rural farm category and the only significant post-World War II increase in agricultural
productivity occurred in the specialized field of poultry and eggs.

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 3

Thus northeastern Chatham County has undergone a succession of major changes in its
cultural landscape from the mid-1700s to the last quarter of the twentieth century.
Bottomlands began to be cleared during the Revolutionary era. Uplands were occupied and
a transportation network was established by 1810, ushering in an era of mixed commercial
agriculture in which the largest landholders used a substantial slave labor force to
raise corn, hogs, and wheat. Tenant farmers began to grow more cash crop tobacco
after the Civil War to the detriment of the land's fertility. Rural poverty prompted
rural exodus until the Depression when electrification and soil conservation practices
were initiated to prepare for post-World War II intensive agricultural management of
fewer farms with fewer acres in cultivation.

Boundary Justification

The New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District is comprised of two dis-
contiguous; units located in the New Hope River Valley approximately six miles above the
B. Everett Jordan Dam. Because of the likelihood that cultural remains associated with
the nominated sites have been inundated by B Everett Jordan Lake, and because such
remains may be recovered if the conservation pool level is lowered for maintenance
or other reasons, the boundaries of the district have been defined whenever possible
by their natural historic boundaries thatis by historic creek or river beds as they
were depicted on USGS quadrangle maps prior to completion of the B. Everett Jordan Dam.
The upstream unit, which contains site 31Ch564;and includes approximately 225 acres, is
bounded on the east and south by New Hope River, on the west by Beartree Creek and on
the north by a line that curves from the old Farrington road crossing of Beartree Creek
to the bend in the New Hope River which was closest to the old Norfolk Southern railroad
tracks. The downstream unit, which contains sites.31Ch526, 31Ch538, 31Ch539, 31Ch540,
31Ch541, 31Ch542, 31Ch543 and 31Ch565 and includes approximately 920 acres, is bounded
on the east by Parkers Creek, on the south by a line drawn west from the mouth of
Windfall Branch to an intermittent stream and on the west by aline drawn north from
the head of that intermittent stream to Windfall Branch and US 64 and northeast from
the head of the next intermittent stream to Parkers Creek.

Environment

The district is located in the portion of the New Hope River drainage which is
demarcated by well-developed floodplains with low-lying discontinuous ridges. These
ridges occur in a step-wise fashion moving away from the stream channels into the
uplands with the last ridge being located at approximately 250AAMSL. Floodplain soils
in the district are comprised of Congaree silt loam and altavista fine sandy loam,
both soils of high agricultural productivity suitable to the cultivation of corn,
hay, wheat and cotton (Jurney et al. 1937) The principal farmsteads in the district
appear to have been located on well drained ridges or knolls 30 to 50. feet in elevation
above and in close proximity to those rich floodplain soilsi ppland vegetation in the
study area culminates in white oak and post oak forests, while bottomland forests
primarily feature willow oak, red gum, swamp red and white oak.

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 4

Archeological survey resulted in recovery of the following data from the nine
sites contained in this district:

31Ch526

Located on a ridgetop 260 feet AMSL, the site is defined by remains of d structure
measuring 24 feet by 19 feet delineated by dry-laid fieldstone piers and a 3 to 6 foot deep
cellar depression. Artifacts including a hewn, socked beam 10 feet in length and 1 foot
square, machine cut square nails and round wire nails bottle glass and ceramic fragments
suggest site occupation from approximately the 1830s to the 1950s.

31 Ch538

Located on an upland ridge 300 feet AMSL, the site is defined by fieldstone and
timber remains of 3 structures and associated artifact scatters. The principal
structure is a double pen with cells measuring approximately 14 feet by 15 feet and
15 feet by 15 feet. Fieldstone chimneys on the west and south walls still stand to
respective heights of 9 and 12 feet (see plan view and photograph) Ten inch square
notched beams faced with heavy clapboard still define the southwest corner of the
west pen and suggest circa 1820 construction A fieldstone tobacco barn foundation
was located 150 feet east of the double pen and twentieth century single pen foundations
were noted just east of the double pen. Two 1 by 1 meter excavation units placed in
the double pen cells yielded 3 plain whiteware ceramic sherds and 11 machine cut square
nails. Broken bottle glass including an amber/brown embossed whiskey flask fragment and
2 opaque white glass pieces of Mason jar lids indicate that the site was occupied until
the 1950s.

31Ch539

Located on a ridger flank 260 feet AMSL, the site is delimited by dry-laid field-
stone piers and two fieldstone chimneys which presently stand to heights of around
5 feet (see plan view and photograph). The homestead is comprised of 4 pens arranged
in a T plan with each pen measuring approximately 16 feet on a side. Artifacts
including a base and 2 body fragments of salt glazed stoneware, machine cut square
nails and wire nails suggest site occupation from around the Civil War to the 1950s.

31Ch540

Located on a terrace flank just below 250 feet AMSL, the site is defined by a
depression in the earth measuring 14 feet on a side, by 2 dry-laid fieldstone piers
and by the probable remains of a chimney fall. Artifacts including a plain curved

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 5

fragment of whiteware, three machine cut square nails and a 4 foot 4 inch diameter
iron carriage wheel rim indicate post 1830s to post World War Il site occupation.

31Ch541

Located on a terrace flank 255 feet AMSL, the site is comprised of an extensive
complex of 8 structures, an open well and remnants of a formal garden (see plan view).
Structure one, the principal residence consists of a rectangular foundation measuring
17.5 feet north-south by 38 feet east-west, cellar, and standing chimney of a two-
story I-house. The east half of the foundation features a full cellar, lined by
fieldstone walls 2 feet thick. The cellar is 6 feet in depth, and is partially filled
by decomposing boards. A depression 5 feet deep was noted adjacent to the southeast
corner of the foundation, representing an outside entrance to the cellar. The west
half of the foundation is outlined by dry-laid fieldstone piers. Mortared fieldstone
on the structure's northeast corner rises to a height of 7 feet, and fieldstone rubble,
representing a chimney fall, has spilled into the eastern half of the foundation. At
the center of the east wall is a massive, 30 foot chimney constructed of mortared red
brick. The hearth, 6 5 feet wide, has a wooden lintel still intact. A roof line is still
visible 27 feet above ground surface. Structure two appears to have functioned as an
antebellum kitchen Structure three appears to have been a 10 foot square twentieth-
century storage building constructed of round logs. Structure four represents the
ruins of an 18 foot by 24 foot frame barn probably constructed in the late nineteenth
century. Structure five, defined by dry-laid fieldstone piers and timber remains, is
a two pen residence which may predate the I-house identified as Structure one. Structure
six is delineated by a rectangular, full foundation of fieldstone 2.5 feet high measuring
17 feet by 10 feet. Structure seven appears to be a nineteenth-century tobacco barn
delineated by a dry-laid fieldstone foundation measuring approximately 18 feet on each
side. Structur eight is poorly defined by several dry-laid fieldstone piers and a shallow
rectangular depression measuring 21 feet by 16 feet. A robust artifact collection
including fragments of a large gray salt glazed stoneware storage crock with "notched
wheel imprinting 1 wrought iron nail and 79 harness pieces recovered from Structure
five have been used to establish probable site occupation from around 1820 to the 1950s.

31Ch542

Located on an interfluve slope 270 feet AMSL, the site is defined by 14 headstones
of unmarked fieldstone protruding through a dense ground cover of myrtle. Grave-
shaped depressions adjacent to some of the fieldstone markers indicate an east-west
burial orientation in keeping with Christian mortuary tradition, and the site's

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 6

undulating surface suggests that additional unmarked burials may be present. The
morphology of the site indicates its probable use as a slave cemetery (see plan view
and photo).
31Ch543

Located on a ridge saddle 375 feet AMSL, the site consists of the remains of five
structures, a residence, 3 outbuildings and a spring house (see plan view). All that
survives of the residence is a mortared fieldstone chimney 20 feet high, a fieldstone
chimney fall and timber fragments. An iron stirrup, machine cut square nails and wire
nails suggest site occupation from the 1890s to the 1950s.

31Ch564

Located on a footslope 230 feet AMSL, the site is defined by a full foundation of
dry-laid fieldstone measuring 18 feet by 30 feet and a fieldstone chimney fall.
Recovered artifacts including 22 hand wrought nails 1 fragment of bubbled window glass,
a triangular saw file and a reused embossed Pepsi-Cola bottle suggest site occupation
from around 1820 to the 1920s.

31Ch565

Located on a midslope interfluve 290 feet AMSL, the site centers on themains of a
dwelling defined by dry-laid fieldstone piers and 2 partially standing fieldstone
chimneys (see plan view) The structure foundations measured 20 feet by 50 feet,
dimensions which suggest the possible placement of an open dog trot between the 2
chimney-heated pens. Also associated with this site was an outbuilding measuring
approximately 18 feet by 16 feet and now delineated by dry-laid fieldstone piers.
Artifacts including a whiteware plate fragment with polyoromelstenciled overglaze, a
plain pearlware bowl fragment, an iron English stirrup and a machine stamped metal
button suggest site occupation from the 1820s to around 1900.

Intrusions and'Data Limitations

The architectural significance of the historic sites included in the district has
been diminished because the structures have been abandone for 1 to 3 generations and
the buildings have subsequently collapsed through lack of maintenance and because of
salvage activities and vandalism. Also some buildings such as Structure five at 31Ch541
have been recycled or adaptively reused so that the material culture assemblage recovered
reflects secondary structural function (as a stable) insteacr of original residential
use Buried artifactual deposits may have been disturbed by erosion or by inundation
from the B. Everett Jordan Lake. Certainly the site photographs reveal that dense

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 7

vegetation has engulfed the sites since their abandonment, and this vegetation both
accelerates structural deterioration and obscures artifact visibility. Finally, surface
deposits may have been damaged by recreational vehicle traffic such as that carried by
the two track roads depicted in the plan views of sites 31Ch541 and 31Ch543. Despite
these intrusions and data limitations, the nine sites in the district represent an
impressive array of nineteenth-century farmsteads associated with relatively rich
artifact scatters which promise to shed light on the development of mixed commercial
agriculture in the eastern North Carolina Piedmont.

SIGNIFICANCE

PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW
_ PREHISTORIC _ ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC _ COMMUNITY PLANNING _ LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _ RELIGION
_ 1400. 1499 x ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _ CONSERVATION _ LAW _ SCIENCE
_ 1500-1599 x AGRICULTURE _ ECONOMICS _ LITERATURE _ SCULPTURE
_ 1600-1699 x ARCHITECTURE _ EDUCATION _ MILITARY _ SOCIAL HUMANITARIAN
_ 1700-1799 _ ART _ ENGINEERING _ MUSIC _ THEATER
x 1800-1899 _ COMMERCE _ EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _ PHILOSOPHY _ TRANSPORTATION
x 1900- _ COMMUNICATIONS _ INDUSTRY _ POLITICS/GOVERNMENT _ OTHER (SPECIFY)
_ INVENTION

SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECT

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The New Hope Rural Historical Archeological District is considered to be eligible
for the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A, association with
events that have made significant contribution to the broad patterns of ourhistory,
by providing evidence of the material culture associated with the mixed commercial
agriculture which was instrumental in the early development of this region of the
North Carolina Piedmont. In addition, the distriot may contain evidence of the
material culture aasooiated with the demise of the slave-based agriculture and the
subsequent rise of the tenant farm and 'cash crop' agrioulture during the Post-bellum
period.

The District is also eligible under Criterion D, and has yielded or is likely to
yield information important in prehistory or history, by providing information on both
the material culture items used in the day to day operation ofcthe types of farmsteads
represented in the District and the construction techniques available to and used by
the occupants of the District. In addition, archeological study may provide
information on the development, evolution, and demise of this class of heretofore
little studied mixed oommercial agrioultural farmsteads.

The New-Hope Rural Historical Archeological District is historically and
archeologically significant because it oontains material culture remains from early to
mid-nineteenth century settlement in a portion of the North Carolina Piedmont which
practiced mixed commercial agriculture characterized by relatively intensive use of
the slave labor to produce corn, hogs, and dairy product. Little study has been
conducted on the workings of this nixed agricultural economy of one-third slave
population. altos operation appears to be in a transition zone between tobacco and
slave plantations to the.north and east, the cotton and slave plantations to the east
and south, and the smaller yeoman farms to the west, and as such its architectural
remnants of substantial I-houses, double pens, and possible-dogtrots warrant
additional reoordation as does the probable slave cemetery.The use of
comprehensive archeological data recovery techniques such as resistivity equipment
used for locating undisturbed subsurface features (i.e., trashpits, covered wells,
outbuildings and privies) would provide greater evidence of trade patterns, economic
functions, and sooial status for this cluster of relatively prosperous farmsteads.
Investigations by an architectural historian would provide useful insights into early
farmstead construction techniques and later period additions.

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 2

The material vulture record of the New Hope Rural Historical Archeological
District can be supplemented significantly by conducting a comprehensive land-use
history for the west bank of the New Hope River located upstream from Parkers Creek.
By examining Chatham County deed records in Pittsboro an historian may provide a
chronological map of property ownership in the proposed historic archeological
district. Names obtained from that research can then be cross-referenced with
available tax rolls, records of marriage and other Chatham County legal transactions.
The property owners' names also can be used to review manuscript census records for
population and agriculture to gain additional information on when individuals settled
in the historic district, where they and their parents came from and how they farmed
the land.

The land-use history thus obtained may then be integrated with the analysis of
recovered material vulture to reconstruct the patterns of life practiced in this area
of mixed agriculture, small farm, and slave plantations, and the information thus
assembled and organized can be used to contract this economic pattern with the cotton
and tobacco plantations to the east and south, and to the yeoman farmers of upland
Appalachia. In addition, biographical information on the owners of the historic sites
may provide new insights into the pattern of cultural ties which were established
between landowners in the proposed historic district and the adjacent county seat in
Pittsboro, as well as more distant regional oommeroial centers. Finally synthesis of
land-use history and material culture analysis may lead to new information dealing
with social and economic change over time. Many of the sites oontain late nineteenth
and early twentieth century components, and examination of related doouments and
archives may yield a highly significant record of transition from antebellum mixed
agrioulture with slave labor, to poet-bellum tenant farming with greater cash crop
exploitation of tobacco and cotton cultivation accompanied by accelerated soil
depletion and land abandonment.

Form No 10-300a
(Rev 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR NPS USE ONLY
RECEIVED
DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 9 PAGE 2

Item 9 - Major Bibliographical References--Continued

Hadley, Wade H., Doris G. Horton and Nell C. Strowd
1976 Chatham County 1771-1971 4 Moore Publishing Company, Durham, North
Carolina.

Jurney, R.C., J.T. Miller and S.R. Bacon
1937 Soil Survey of Chatham County, North Carolina, U.S. Department of
Agriculture (Series 1933) No. 7,Superintendent of Documents, Washington
D.C.

Merrens, Harry Roy
1964 Colonia North Carolina in the Eighteenth Century, a Study in Historical
Geography. University of North Carolina Press,Chapel Hill, North
Carolina.

Trimble, Stanley Wayne
1974 Man-Induced Soil Erosion on the Southern Piedmont 1700-1970. Soil
Conservation Society of America, Aukeny, Iowa.

U.S. Bureau of the Census
1854 Compendium of the Seventh Census. Beverly Tucker, Senate Printer,
Washington, D.C.

1864 Eighth Census of the United States: Agriculture. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D C.

Cantley, Charles E. and John R. Kern
1984 A Cultural Resource Survey of the Proposed Recreational Development
Areas and Wildlife Subimpoundments of the B. Everett Jordan Dam and Lake.
Report submitted to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District,
Wilmington, North Carolina.
10
GEOGRAPHICAL DATA
1145
ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY
UTM REFERENCES
A(1,7 1 f 617,7 18,7t0( L r91610j2t6t0 j
ZONE . EASTING NORTHING
CI 11 71 16.17171 512t0I 13 19 IS 181618102
VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION
E 17 676 750 39 58 090
G }17 675 3250 39 55 200
Located.in northeastern Chatham County,.
New Hope River, Beartree Creek, Parkers
and Boundary,Justification, Item 7.. ,
•
11
12
MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
•
it
•
•
•
B(117 ( (67,8 00 13 ►9I51912►0,01
ZONE EASTING . NORTHING
Dili 71 1617161816 ;0Ia b 19 15 19 (619101
4
F 17 .677010 ,39' 55 250
• H 17 675120 39 58 080
North Carolina,,the District is bounded by the
Creek and unnamed .tributaries.I,:Seesketch map
LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES
h 'r. _
STATE f. •
. t • CODE 1
STATE CODE
FORM PREPARED BY
NAME/ TITLE ^, )
COUNTY 1 • a
COUNTY
i1 .
Johq R. Kern. }`Sanger Cultural RPsnurrp.g
ORGANIZATION
•
. 1 ... ...
CommnnwPai ttl AAnncintiac
STREET& NUMBER
209 East Washington Avenue
•
1
Tn r.
CITY OR TOWN -
Jackson
•
•
•
CERTIFICATION OF NOMINATION i •
i
Jk
• CODE
4
• DATE
May '4 ,` 1984•
4
TELEPHONE
[phone]
1 " STATE. . •
.S Michigan 49201
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
STATE H1STOg1C PRESERVATION OFFICER RECOMMENDATION s)
• 1 YES.r ' • NO NON
? • I STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE%SONATURE
In compliance with Executive Order 11593,1 hereby nominate this property to the National Register, certifying that the State
Historic Preservation Officer has been allowed 90 days in which to present the nomination to the State Review Board and to
evaluate its significance. The evaluated level of significance is National State,. Local.
FEDERAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE
CODE
TITLE
•
' FOR-NPS USE ONLY
.K;DATE
,,
THEREBY CERTiFY.THAYTHIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER •
.. ! ' 41' •sC, DATE.
DIRECTOR. OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION ','
ATTEST '
KEEPER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER
•
•
•
•
•
•
e•
•
AA
DATE
•
•
•
•
•
•
GPO 899.214

NEW HOPE RURAL HISTORICAL
ARCHEOLOGICAL DISTRICT

MAP

CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF PROPOSED
RECREATION & WILDLIFE AREAS AT THE
B EVERETT JORDAN DAM & LAKE, NORTH CAROLINA

PLAN VIEW -SITE 31 Ch543

CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF PROPOSED
RECREATION & WILDLIFE AREAS AT THE
B EVERETT JORDAN DAM & LAKE, NORTH CAROLINA
CCOMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATES. INC.

PLAN VIEW-SITE 31 Ch565

CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF PROPOSED
RECREATION & WILDLIFE AREAS AT THE
B EVERETT JORDAN DAM & LAKE, NORTH CAROLINA

PLAN VIEW -SITE 31 Ch542

CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF PROPOSED
RECREATION & WILDLIFE AREAS AT THE
B. EVERETT JORDAN DAM & LAKE, NORTH CAROLINA
COMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATES, INC.

PLAN VIEW-SITE 31 Ch539

CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF PROPOSED
RECREATION & WILDLIFE AREAS AT THE
B. EVERETT JORDAN DAM & LAKE, NORTH CAROLINA
COMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATES. INC

PLAN VIEW -SITE 31 Ch541