820389_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

la
State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Please do not leave any question unanswered. Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below.
Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee.
1. Farm Number: 82-0389
2. Facility Name: Mixon Family Farms, Inc.
3. Landowner's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan):
Efh11 '
4. Landowner's Mailing Address: 3951 Ermw Williams Rd
City: Autryville State:
Telephone Number: 910-385-5617 Ext. E-mail:
5. Facility's Physical Address: 4637 Honeycutt Rd
City: Salembure State:
6. County where Facility is located: Sampson
7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner):
8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code):
9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"):
�JAv�d `J`"~ %hheoA%
10. Operator Name (OIC): -' ^ ""^ ''----•s
11. Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12. Indicate animal operation type and number:
Current Permit: Ooerations Tvne
Swine - Feeder to Finish
Operation Types:
Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS820389
David Mixon
NC Zip: 28318
NC Zip: 28385
PrestageFarms Inc
� ASS—fs�l� idorsC3
Phone No.: 28" OIC #: 11w
Allowable Count
3,950
Swine
Cattle
Dry Poultry
Other Types
Wean to Finish
Dairy Calf
Non Laying Chickens
Horses - Horses
Wean to Feeder
Dairy Heifer
Laying Chickens
Horses - Other
Farrow to Finish
Milk Cow
Pullets
Sheep- Sheep
Feeder to Finish
Dry Cow
Turkeys
Sheep - Other
Farrow to Wean
Beef Stocker Calf
Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder
Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud
Beef Broad Cow
Wet Poultry
Gilts
Other
Non Laying Pullet
Other
Layers
1,77
^ 17=R1ta?* n� `11 ^"
Apn 1, ? 90,�
yi!pt�r i 1�c�,3t11�s

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
Structure
Name
Estimated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay, Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
"Redline"
(Inches)
1
SS%
19.00
1-4
2
99u
o u 9
ya oz!'
9 uU-40"
5-6
499i6
Mail one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.10C(d) to the address below.
The CAWMP must include the following components:
1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), signed by the owner and a certified technical specialist, containing:
a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.)
b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
c. The soil series present on every land application field
d. The crops grown on every land application field
e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
f. The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
h. The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. A site map/schematic
3. Emergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the
application and all the CAWMP items above to: [e-mail]

I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that,
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement,
representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. (18 U.S.C.
Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for
a similar offense.)
Printed Name of Signing Official (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a
corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation):
Name: Ul Ylo IX(,,A) _ Title:
Signature: Date:
Name:
Title:
Signature: Date:
Name:
Signature:
Title:
Date:
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 02/2019

Waste Utilization Plan
Producer: David Mixon County: Sampson
Name of Farm: Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Location: 3951 Ernest Williams Rd.
Autryville NC 28318
Phone: [phone]
Type of Operation: Feed -Finish
Number of Animal: 3950
Storage Structure: Anaerobic Lagoon
Method of Application: Irrigation
Amount of waste produced per year: 7505 ton/year
Amount of plant available N (PAN) produced/year: 9085 lbs./year
The waste from your animal facility must be land applied at a specified rate to prevent
pollution of surface water and/or groundwater. The plant nutrients in the animal waste
should be used to reduce the amount of commercial fertilizer required for the crops in the
fields where the waste is to be applied.
This waste utilization plan uses nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. Waste should be analyzed
before each application cycle. Annual soil tests are strongly encouraged so that all plant
nutrients can be balanced for realistic yields of the crop to be grown.
Several factors are important in the implementing your waste utilization plan in order to
maximize the fertilizer value of the waste and to ensure that it is applied in an environmentally
safe manner.
1. Always apply waste based on the needs of the crop to be grown and the nutrient
content of the waste. Do not apply more nitrogen than the crop can utilize.
2. Soil types are important as they have different infiltration rates, leaching potentials,
cation exchange capacities, and available water holding capacities.
3. Normally waste shall not be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per acre per
year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at 5 or more tons per acre annually, but
less than 10 tons per acre per year providing that adequate filter strips are
established.
4. Do not apply waste on saturated soils, when it is raining, or when the surface is
frozen. Either of these conditions may in runoff to the surface waters which is not
allowed under DWQ regulations.
5. Wind conditions should also be considered to avoid drift and downwind odor problems.
6. To maximize the value of the nutrients for crops production and to reduce the potential for
pollution, the waste should be applied to a growing crop or applied not more than 30 days
prior to planting a crop or forages breaking dormancy. Injecting the waste or disking will
conserve nutrients and reduce odor problems.
This plan is based on the waste application method shown above. If you choose to change methods
in the future, you need to revise this plan. Nutrient levels for different applications methods are
not the same.
The estimated acres needed to apply the animal waste is based on typical nutrient content for
this type of facility. Acreage requirements should be based on the waste analysis report from
your waste management facility. In some cases you may want to have plant analysis made, which
rf�f waiit/
�j��011SS��

Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Page 2
could allow additional waste to be applied. Provisions shall be made for the area receiving
waste to be flexible so as to accommodate changing waste analysis content and the crop type.
Lime must be applied to maintain pH in the optimum range for specific crop production. This
waste utilization plan, if carried out, meets the requirements for compliance with 15A NCAC
2H .0217 adopted by the Environmental Management Commission.
YOUR WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN IS BASED ON THE FOLLOWING:
Tract No.
Field No.
Soil Type
Crop
Code
Yield/Ac
Lbs. N
unit
Acres
Lbs N
Used
Month to
Apply
Lbs. N
Per Ac.
3198
1
AuB
CB/Graze
4.7
50
7.18
1687
MAR-SEP
235
3198
1
AuB
SG/Graze
1
50
7.18
359
SEP-APR
50
3197
2
NoA/B
CB/Graze
5.1
50
12.69
3236
MAR-SEP
255
3197
2
NoA/B
SG/Graze
1
50
12.69
635
SEP-APR
50
3196
3
AuB
CB/Graze
4.7
50
8.36
1965
MAR-SEP
235
3196
3
AuB
SG/Graze
1
50
8.36
418
SEP-APR
50
3196
4
AuB
CB/Graze
4.7
50
3.01
707
MAR-SEP
235
3196
4
AuB
SG/Graze
1
50
3.01
151
SEP-APR
50
12136
5
Ra
CB/Graze
3.8
50
4.17
792
MAR-SEP
190
12136
5
Ra
SG/Graze
1
50
4.17
209
SEP-APR
50
12136
6
AuB
CB/Graze
4.7
50
2.82
663
MAR-SEP
235
12136
6
AuB
SG/Graze
1
50
2.82
141
SEP-APR
50
Total 38.23 10962 lbs.
Available Nitrogen 9085 lbs.
Surplus or deficit -1877 lbs.
Applying the above amount of waste is a big job. You should plan time and have appropriate equipment to apply
�. the waste in a timely manner.

Mixon Family Farms, Inc Page 3
The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while meeting the N requirements. In the future,
regulations may require farmers in some parts of North Carolina to have a nutrient management plan that
addresses all nutrients. This plan only addresses nitrogen.
In interplanted fields (i.e. small grain, etc. interseeded in bermudagrass), forage must be removed through
grazing, hay and /or silage. Where grazing, plants should be grazed when they reach a height of six to nine
inches. Cattle should be removed when plants are grazed to a height of four inches. In fields where small grain
etc. is to be removed for hay or silage, care should be exercised not to let small grain to reach maturity,
especially late in the season ( i.e. April or May) Shading may result if small grain gets too high and this will
definitely interfere with the stand of bermudagrass. This loss of stand will result in reduced yields and less
nitrogen being utilized. Rather than cutting small grain for hay or silage just before heading as is the normal
situation, you are encouraged to cut the small grain earlier. You may want to consider harvesting hay or silage
two to three times during the season, depending on the time small grain is planted in the fall.
The ideal time to interplant small grain, etc. is late September or early October. Drilling is recommended over
broadcasting. Bermudagrass should be grazed or mowed to a height of about two inches before drilling for best
results.
Caution must be exercised in grazing or haying summer annuals under stressed conditions. Nitrate poisoning
may occur in livestock. Sampling forage or hay for nitrate levels is recommended.
Acres shown in the tables are considered to be the usable acres excluding required buffers, filters strips along
ditches, odd areas unable to be irrigated, and perimeter areas not receiving full application rates due to
equipment limitations. Actual total acres in the field listed may, and most likely will be, more than the acres
shown in the tables.
See attached map showing the fields to be used for the utilization of animal waste.
SLUDGE APPLICATION:
The waste utilization plan must contain provisions for periodic land application of sludge at agronomic rates.
The sludge will be nutrient rich and will require precautionary measures to prevent over application of nutrients
or other elements. Your production facility will produce approximately 1422 lbs. of plant available
nitrogen per year in the sludge.
If you remove sludge every 5 years you will have approximately 7110 lbs. of PAN to utilize. Assuming
you apply this PAN to hybrid bermudagrass hayland at the rate of 300 lbs/acre you will need 24
acres of land. If you apply the sludge to corn at the rate of 125 lbs. of nitrogen per acre you will need 57
acres of land. Please be aware that these are only estimates of the PAN and the land needed. Actual
requirements could vary by 25% depending on the sludge waste analysis, soil types, realistic yields, and
application methods.
APPLICATION OF WASTE BY IRRIGATION
The irrigation application rate should not exceed the intake rate of the soil at the time of irrigation such that
runoff or ponding occurs. This rate is limited by initial soil moisture content, soil structure, soil texture, water
droplet size, and organic solids. The application amount should not exceed the available water holding capacity

Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Page 4
of the soil at the time of irrigation nor should the plant available nitrogen applied exceed the nitrogen needs of
the crop.
If surface irrigation is the method of land application for this plan, it is the responsibility of the producer and
irrigation designer to ensure that an irrigation system is installed to properly irrigate the acres shown in tables.
Failure to apply the recommended rates and amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan
invalid.
The following table is provided as a guide for establishing application rates and amounts.
Tract No.
Field No.
Soil Type
Crop
Code
Applic.
Rate(in/hr)
Applic.
Amount
3198
1
AuB
CB/Graze
0.6
1.0
3198
1
AuB
SG/Graze
0.6
1.0
3197
2
NoA/B
CB/Graze
0.5
1.0
3197
2
NoA/B
SG/Graze
0.5
1.0
3196
3
AuB
CB/Graze
0.6
1.0
3196
3
AuB
SG/Graze
0.6
1.0
3196
4
AuB
CB/Graze
0.6
1.0
3196
4
AuB
SG/Graze
0.6
1.0
12136
5
Ra
CB/Graze
0.4
1.0
12136
5
Ra
SG/Graze
0.4
1.0
12136
6
AuB
CB/Graze
0.6
1.0
12136
6
AuB
SG/Graze
0.6
1.0

Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Page 5
This is the maximum application amount allowed for the soil assuming the amount of nitrogen allowed for the
crop is not over applied. In many situations the application amount shown cannot be applied because of the
nitrogen limitations. The maximum application amount shown can be applied under optimum soil conditions.
Your facility is designed for 180 days of temporary storage and the temporary storage must be removed on the
average of once every 6 months. In no instances should the volume of the waste be stored in your structure
be within the 25 year 24 hour storm storage or one foot of freeboard except in the event of the 25 year 24 hour
storm.
It is the responsibility of the producer and the waste applicator to ensure that the spreader equipment is operated
properly to apply the correct rates shown in the tables. Failure to apply the recommended rates and amounts of
nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid.
Call your technical specialist after you have receive the waste analysis report for assistance in determining the
amount of waste per acre and the proper application rate prior to applying the waste.
NARRATIVE OF OPERATION

Mixon Family Farms, Inc Page 6
.WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
V
1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift, manmade
conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during operation or land application.
Any discharge of waste which reaches surface water is prohibited.
2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns or has an
agreement for use of adequate land on which to properly apply waste. If the producer
does not own adequate land to properly dispose of waste, he/she shall provide a copy of
an agreement with a landowner who is within a reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the
use of the land for waste application. It is the responsibility of the owner of the facility to
secure an update of the Waste Utilization Plan when there is a change in the operation,
increase in the number of animals, method of utilization, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs for realistic crop
yields based on soil type, available moisture, historical data, climatic conditions, and level
of management, unless there are regulations that restrict the rate of application for other
nutrients.
4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre per year. Waste
may be applied to land that is eroding at 5 or more tons, but less than 10 tons per acre per
year providing grass filter strips are installed where runoff leaves the field. (See FOTG
standard 393 - Filter Strip).
5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or disking after waste application. Waste
should not be applied when there is danger of drift from the irrigation field.
6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, it will be soil incorporated
on conventionally tilled cropland. When applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland,
the waste may be broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season
prone to flooding. (See "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance.)
7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate that runoff
does not occur offsite or to the surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift
from the site during application. No ponding should occur in order to control odor or flies.
8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events, or when the
surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that the crop is
not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth. The potential for salt damage
from animal waste should also be considered.
10. Waste nutrients shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted crops on soils with a
high potential for leaching. Waste nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a
minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste
shall not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages breaking
dormancy.
11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with the following:
The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from a lagoon that is a
component of a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any residential property boundary
and from any perennial stream or river (other than an Irrigation ditch or canal. Animal
waste other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995), shall not be
applied closer than 25 feet to perennial waters. (See Standard 393 - Filter Strips).

Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Page 7
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
(continued)
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than those owned
by he landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public right-of-ways.
15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainage ways, or wetlands by
discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be applied to prior converted wetlands
provided they have been approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist".
Animal waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly into water
courses, and on other grassed waterways, waste shall be applied at agronomic rates in a
manner that causes no runoff or drift from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from wash down facilities, showers, toilets, sinks, etc., shall
not be discharged into the animal waste management system.
17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed areas
(lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas shall be fenced as necessary to
protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc.,
are limited to areas where considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed
and accessible. Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for evidences of
erosion, leakage or discharge.
18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the owner is
responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate the
possibility of an illegal discharge, pollution and erosion.
19. Waste handling structures, piping pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected on a regular
basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks and spills. A regular maintenance checklist should be
kept on site.
20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetation and other crops for direct
human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for direct human
consumption it should only be applied pre -plant with no further applications of animal waste
during the crop season.
21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and the bottom elevations of the
temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be
managed to maintain the liquid level between the markers. A marker will be required to
mark the maximum storage volume for waste storage ponds.
22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least annually
at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the rate -determining
element. Zinc and copper levels in the soil shall be monitored and alternative crop sites
shall be used when these metal approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted for
optimum crop production and maintained. Soil and waste analysis records shall be kept
for five (5) years. Poultry dry waste application records shall be maintained for three (3)
years. Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five (5) years.
23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina regulations.

This plan does not include commercial fertilizer. The farm should produce adequate plant
�. available nitrogen to satisfy the requirements of the crops listed above.
The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while meeting the N requirements.
In the future, regulations may require farmers in some parts of North Carolina to have a nutrient
management plan that addresses all nutrients. This plan only addresses nitrogen.
In interplanted fields ( i.e. small grain, etc, interseeded in bermuda), forage must be removed
through grazing, hay, and/or silage. Where grazing, plants should be grazed when they
reach a height of six to nine inches. Cattle should be removed when plants are grazed to a
height of four inches. In fields where small grain, etc, is to be removed for hay or silage, care
should be exercised not to let small grain reach maturity, especially late in the season (i.e.
April or May). Shading may result if small grain gets too high and this will definately interfere
with stand of bermudagrass. This loss of stand will result in reduced yields and less nitrogen
being utilized. Rather than cutting small grain for hay or silage just before heading as is
the normal situation, you are encouraged to cut the small grain earlier. You may want to
consider harvesting hay or silage two to three times during the season, depending on the
time small grain is planted in the fall.
The ideal time to interplant small grain, etc, is late September or early October. Drilling is
recommended over broadcasting. Bermudagrass should be grazed or cut to a height of
about two inches before drilling for best results.
CROP CODE LEGEND
Crop Code
Crop
Lbs N utilized / unit yield
..� A
Barley
1.6 Ibs N / bushel
B
Hybrid Bermudagrass - Grazed
50 Ibs N / ton
C
Hybrid Bermudagrass - Hay
50 Ibs N / ton
D
Corn - Grain
1.25 Ibs N / bushel
E
Corn - Silage
12 Ibs N / ton
F
Cotton
0.12 Ibs N / Ibs lint
G
Fescue- Grazed
50 Ibs N / ton
H
Fescue - Hay
50 Ibs N / ton
I
Oats
1.3 Ibs N / bushel
J
Rye
2.4 Ibs N / bushel
K
Small Grain - Grazed
50 Ibs N / acre
L
Small Grain - Hay
50 Ibs N / acre
M
Grain Sorghum
2.5 lbs N / cwt
N
Wheat
2.4 Ibs N / bushel
0
Soybean
4.0 Ibs N / bushel
P
Pine Trees
40 Ibs N / acre / yr
Acres shown in the preceding table are considered to be the usable acres excluding
required buffers, filter strips along ditches, odd areas unable to be irrigated, and perimeter areas
not receiving full application rates due to equipment limitations. Actual total acres in the fields
listed may, and most likely will be, more than the acres shown in the tables.
See attached map showing the fields to be used for the utilization of animal waste.
4of8

Page 8
WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN AGREEMENT
Name of Farm: Mixon Family Farms, Inc
Owner/Manager Agreement David Mixon
I (we) understand and will follow and implement the specifications and the operation and maintenance proce-
dures established in the approved animal waste utilization plan for the farm named above. I (we) know that any
expansion to the existing design capacity of the waste treatment and storage system or construction of new
facilities will require a new certification to be submitted to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality
before the new animals are stocked. I (we) also understand that there must be no discharge of animal waste
from this system to the surface waters of the state from a storm event less severe than the 25-year, 24 hour
storm. The approved plan will be filed on -site at the farm office and at the office of the local Soil and Water
Conservation District and will be available for review by NCDWQ upon request.
Name of Facility Owlvkr: David Mixon
Signature:
Name of Manager (If different frkm owner)
Signature:
Name of Person Preparing Plan:
Affiliation:-Prestage Farms, Inc.
Address: P.O. Box 438
Clinton, NC 28329
G. Glenn Clifton
Phone: [phone]
Date: 7-i—/ fl
Date:
Signature: fit, �,_ Date:"7;�2? /1`7/1`7

U Restricted Use
farm 1542 T
or specific determination oflhe area. Refer to your original
^.PA-026 and attached maps) for exacl Welland
determinallons. or contact NRCS.
I
•
Acres
1 0.8
2 18.6
3 18.0
4 22.4
teams
Total Cropland Acres
60.0

Swine Farm 'Waste Management Odor Control Checklist 1
Source _ Cause -•BMPs to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Farmstead • Swine production Vegetative or wooded buffers;
Pr Recommended best management practices;
_ _ Good judgment and common sense
Animal body surfaces • Dirty manure -covered animals Dry' floors -
Floor surfaces • Wet manure -covered floors C Slotted floors; y
Manure collection pits • Urine;
Partial microbial decomposition
allaierers located over slotted floors;
Cl Feeders at high end of solid floors;
13 Scrape manure buildup from floors;
0' Underfloor ventilation for drying
O Frequent manure removal by flush, pit recharge,
or scrape;
_ ❑ Underfloor ventilation
Ventilation exhaust fans • Volatile gases; an maintenance;
Dust 0'If-f icient air movement
Indoor surfaces • Dust Washdown between groups of animals;
13 Feed additives;
❑ Feeder covers;
Cl'Feed delivery downspout extenders to feeder
_ covers ,
Flush tanks • Agitation of recycled lagoon ❑ Flush tank covers;
liquid while tanks are filling ❑ Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks with E
_anti -siphon vents__
Flush alleys • Agitation during wastewater O Underfloor flush- will- under_flo_or ventilation f ��
conveyance
Pit recharge points • Agitation of recycled lagoon ❑ Extend recharge lines to near bottom of pits
liquid while pits are filling with anti -siphon venis
Lift stations • Agitation during sump lank ❑ Sun-p tank covers _ _ --
filling and drawdown
Outside drain collection • Agitation during wastewater ❑ Box covers _ -
or junction boxes conveyance
AMOC - November 11, 1996, Page 3

Source
End of drainpipes at
Cause
• Agitation during wastewater
BMPs to Minimize Oddr Site Specific Practices
❑ Extend discharge point of pipes underneath
lagoon
conveyance
lagoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces
• Volatile gas emissions;
CV -Proper lagoon liquid capacity; _
0 Biological mixing;
1_�'correct lagoon startup procedures;
• Agitation
E—
Minimum surface area -to -volume ratio;
inimum agitation when.pumping;
❑ Mechanical aeration;
❑ Proven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler
nozzles
• High pressure agitation;
rri tc on dry days with little or no wind;
. Wind drill
imum recommended operating pressure;.
W Pump intake near lagoon liquid surface;
❑ Pump from second -stage lagoon
Storage tank or basin
surface
• Partial microbial decomposition;
t7 Bottom or midlevel loading; --
• Mixing while filling;
❑ Tank covers;
• Agitation when emptying
❑ Basin surface mats of solids;
_ __
❑ Proven biological additives or oxidants
Settling basurface
sin
• -Partial microbial decomposition;
❑ Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid --`-
• Mixing while filling;
level;
• Agitation when emptying
❑ Remove settled solids regularly
Manure, slurry or sludge
spreader outlets
• Agitation when spreading;
❑ Soil injection of slurry/sludges;
0 Volatile gas emissions
❑ Wash residual manure from spreader after use;
_
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
Uncovered manure,
slurry or sludge on field
_
• Volatile_ gas emissions while
drying
❑ Soil injection of slurry/sludges--
surfaces
❑ Soil incorporation within 48 firs.;
❑ Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying;
biological additives or oxidants
Dead animals • Carcass decomposition ('roper disposition of carcasses
Dead animal disposal • Carcass decomposition ❑
pits Complete covering of carcasses in burial pits;
❑ Proper location/construction ofdisposal pits
Incinerators • Incomplete combustion Cl Secondary stack burners
AMOC -November 11, 1996, Page 4

Source Cause DMPs to Minimize. Odor Site Specific Practices
Standing water around • Improper drainage; 1�rade and landscape such that water drains '
facilities • Microbial decomposition of away from facilities
organic matter
Manure tracked onto • Poorly maintained access roads 49— Farm access road maintenance
public roads hom farm
access
Additional Information : Available From :
Swine Manure Management; 0200 RuldBMP Packet T NCSU, County Extension Center
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies; EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU -BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge - Lagoon Treatment ; EBAE 128-88 NCSU - BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underfloor Flush - Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 129-89 NCSU - BAE
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage ; EBAE 103-83 NCSU - BAE
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU - BAE
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33 NCSU - Swine Extension
Environmental Assurance Program; NPPC Manual NC Pork Producers Assoc
Options for Managing Odor,, a report from the Swine Odor Task Force NCSU Agri Communications
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; 11110107, 1995 Conference Proceedings Florida Cooperative Extension
dI
Q
3 ,
AMOC -November 11,1996, Page 5

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects Site Specific Practices
_ Liquid Systems
Flush Gutters • Accumulation of solids Sl- F sh system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated solids from
gutters as designed.
P—Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and Pits • Crusted Solids fJ—Mintain lagoons, settling basins and pits where
pest breeding is apparent to minimize the
crusting of solids to a depth of no more than 6 -
8 inches over more than 30% of surface.
Excessive Vegetative • Decaying vegetation 0"Maintain vegetative control along banks of
Growth lagoons and other impoundments to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter
along water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
Feeders • Feed Spillage
Dry Systems
O Design, operate and maintain feed systems (e.g.,
bunkers and troughs) to minimize the
accumulation of decaying wastage.
man up spillage on a routine basis (e.g., 7 - 10
day interval during summer; 15-30 day interval
during winter).
Feed Storage • Accumulations of feed residues O Reduce moisture accumulation within and
around immediate perimeter of feed storage
areas by insuring drainage away from site
and/or providing adequate containment (e.g.,
covered bin for brewer's grain and similar high
moisture grain products).
O Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as
needed.
AM1C -November 11, 1996, Page 1

Fol - 3 R-9
SAMPSON COUNTY
�. EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY (DWQ)
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (EMS)
SOIL & WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SWCD)
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS)
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE (CES)
910-486-1541
910-592-8996
910-592-7963
910-592-7963
910-592-7161
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your
operation are leaking, overflowing, or running off the site. You should
NOT wait until wastes reach surface waters or leave your property to
consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to
ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an
accessible location for all employees at the facility. The following
are some action items you should take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may
or may not be possible. Suggested responses to problems are
listed below:
A. Lagoon overflow -possible solutions are:
a. Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam, any
permanent alteration of the dam should be approved by a
qualified technical specialist.
b. Pump wastes to field at an acceptable rate.
c. Stop all additional flow to the lagoon -hold waste in the
house if possible.
d. Call a pumping contractor.
e. Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B. Runoff from waste application field -action include:
a. Immediately stop waste application.
b. Create a temporary diversion or berm to contain the
waste.
c. Incorporate waste to reduce further runoff.
d. Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that caused the
runoff.
e. Evaluate the application rates for the fields where
runoff occurred.
C. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers -action include:
a. Stop recycle (flushing system) pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D. Leakage from flush system, houses, solids separators -actions
include:
�r a. Stop recycle (flushing system) pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Make sure no siphon effect has been created.
d. Stop all flows in the house, flush systems, or solid
separators.
e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.

E. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage
as opposed to flowing leaks -possible action:
a. Dig a small sump or ditch to catch all seepage, put in a
submersible pump, and pump back into lagoon.
b. If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove
animals and fill holes and compact with a clay type soil.
c. Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side
walls and the lagoon bottom as soon as possible.
2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach any surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what
duration?
c. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or
property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface
waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach
surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off of
the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours, call your DWQ (Division of
Water Quality) regional office, at 910-486-1541, after
hours, emergency number:919-733-3942. Your phone call
should include: YOUR NAME, FACILITY, TELEPHONE NUMBER,
THE DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT FROM ITEM #2 ABOVE, THE
EXACT LOCATION OF THE FACILITY, AND THE LOCATION OR
DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE SPILL, WEATHER AND WIND
CONDITIONS. THE CORRECTIVE MEASURES THAT HAVE BEEN UNDER
TAKEN, AND THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE SITUATION.
b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call
local (EMS) Emergency Management Services at
910-592-8996.
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact local SAMPSON Soil and Water Conservation
District (SWCD), Natural Resources Conservation Service
(NRCS) office at 910-592-7963 and Cooperative Extension
Service (CES) at 910-592-7161 for advice/technical
assistance.
4. If none of the above works call 911 or the sheriffs Department
and explain your problem to them and ask that person to contact
---'' the proper agencies for you.

5. Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair- of the
problem to minimize off -site damage.
a. Contractors Name: Pre s 2ms{ZV4,
b. Contractors Address:
c. Contractors Phone: 71
b. Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (MRCS,
Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: n to cfi
b. Phone:
7. Implement procedures as advised by DWO and technical assistance
agencies to rectify the damage, repair the system, and reassess
the waste management plan to keep problems with release of wastes
from happening again.
B. If you are a contract swine grower associated with a swine
company integrator, contact the company representative at
1-910-592-5771

Version —November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
D Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
a In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
El the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
® Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
4 - - - 3LF�- / 7
of Farm Owner/Manager Date
Signature of Technical Specialist Date

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- - - - - - - -
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Designed By Howard Hobsori 2/13/00
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
D at e
Design Approval
-------------------- ---------
Date

2:7E
7he E ion i 1 ;VaLled K.; E61e of watts, an 1 :at no SIOPIN.--z"
samiy :cam Sol!. 74& nei-est ;nLe :s orezter ;KaF;
750 !yet wwiy. 0vte �rvv ike ;aly.p w;: we frisazec�
;i vojLrert coastai Dermuna ;Ly3ure zo Ne ustam sheO.
NOW by�o
DESIGNED Dr
D , T .
PERMANENT S70AAQ�
2480 HoSl N 1W 01 POr ME Ft per
."AR&PARY F70RAW��:
524100 0S of an ml: x 1.05 1L. ot, of waste per day
Der W00 :31 of nn;ML: wt. x Wo
WNFALL LEEF
7'' N 62400 sq, it, s,rQuE arEa ;an 12 per it
RAINFAL� - 25 YR. 1 D&V STCRlYi
T" 62400 sq. it, of SU'OaCe arFa PEr 12" pUr
TOTAL STORAGE NEEDED
TCTAL ETCRAGE AVAILABLE
MANURE AND URINE PRODUCTION
2480 hoos x 2.1 tons per year
W400 Cu Ft
36400 Cu Ft
452556 Cu Ft
16761 Cu Yds
4Z9600 Cu Ft
15911 Cu Yds
5208 T./yr.

101mid LAND AREA NEEDE1 FDR LIM= APPLIVF710%,
EMAL— 3RA V: 7 Z A C R H
SPAIEZ =EEC0.1 3z
CON7RO.LED IRAZINO
CAAE7A. 22 AcRal:::
17 SHOULD !S,Anw�AD TO THE LAND Jr BE ANA=ED
TO DE-ZRAINE 7KE EXACT nW7VIEN7 C3N7ENT. 74E NCDA LA30QA70R'--;'
1" ; pi. ,Elw� 24 MWNI EOPE =7 ON k L;MY7ED BASIS. YOU SHOUn!''':
CDN7jC7,.
ASRO�GKIC EERVIDET D:VTS!J--!
Ncn>xy 300 RIDGE ROAD cnKTh::".
RA�Elbm N.C. 2701"'1.
DO 1. ,2T LOWER 7HE FLUID
LOWER THAN
FOR YOUR !NFORMA710N.
-----------------------
--------------------------------
6 fwt solo, P:pm
-------------------------------
LoND APPLICATION OF
EFFLUENT
1S BASED ON THE TEMPORARY STORAGE
AND RAINFALL
IN 180
DAYS.,
TEMPORARY
STORAGE
608546 GALLONS
RAINFALL
LESS EVATORATION
608 GALLONS
TOTAL No. OF GALLCNS TO BE
PUMPED IN 180 DAYS
(EXAMPLE)
-609174 GALLONS
to..........................
ZT,104 eALLONS /ACRE INCH
609174 GALLONS
22 ACRE INCHES

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority. It is especially
important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and
wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the
receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are
extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means
that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to
a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to
receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet
periods. In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low
marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to
irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods.
Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of
state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam.
Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative
covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to
maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be
based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain
a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas
should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or
equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be
done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of
these practices. This should be done at least once a year and
possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for
heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter
the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating
the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of
the lagoon and at Ieast monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be
checked should include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes ---look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

Lagoon surface ---look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment ---look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability ---slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has
any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat
of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps- -check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you
are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping
system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some
safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time
to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full,
your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare
parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface
drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets,
and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste
treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be
coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing
(washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly.
You should inspect your diversion system for the following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the
lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before
waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the
end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial
filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of
the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize
bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon
liquid volume. This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the
addition of wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below
7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of
lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid
pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate
biological activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended
if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm
season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are
optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained
and recharged each day, also work well.

Management:
Practice water conservation ---minimize building water usage and
spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through
proper maintenance and water conservation.
Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This
will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon
Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and
the full temporary storage level.
Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the
minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1).
Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on
nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage
will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly,
irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon
storage for the winter.
The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest
point of the darn or embankment.
Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage
level unless you are removing sludge.
Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid
surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation,
molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is
full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for
obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a
pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:

proper lagoon sizing,
mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will
have more nutrients,
have more odor, and
require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
Hire a custom applicator.
Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper -agitator impeller
pump through large -bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland;
and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul
and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm
an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back
into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader
onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close
attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains
intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should
stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can be
removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus
and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of
erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphores, it
should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other
wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors.

Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types
of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the
dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
Modification of the lagoon structure ---an example is the placement of a pipe
in the dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in
lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.)
Lagoon liquid levels ---high levels are a safety risk.
Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
Liner integrity ---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge
removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater
table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge
of wastewater and possible dam failure.
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