780047_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been Issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date.. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Pkase do nol leave any question unanswered. Please ver& all Wormadon and make any necessary correcdons below.
Applicadon must be signed and dated by Ike Permblee
1.
Farm Number 784M7
Certificite Of Coverage Number:
AW5780042
2.
Facility Name: Robco, Farms, LLC
3.
Landownees Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan):-
Robco Fanm LT-C
4.
Landowner's Mailing Address: PO Box 3477
City: Lumber too State:
Zip: 28359
Telephone Number 910-739-8196 M. E-mail:
5.
Facility's Physical Address: 4997 E White Pond.Rd'
City: fairmo State:
hLC
Zip: 28340
6.
County where Facility is located: Mom
7.
Farm Managees Name (if different from Landowner):
William Edwin Davis. IU
8.
Farm Man s telephone number (include itrea code);
252-569-6091 ExL
9.
Integrato?s N* amb (if there is not an Integrator, write IlNonel):
bdMpk-Brown LLC
10.
Operator Name (OTC): Richard R. Bdft
Phone No.: 910--628-Ob62
01C
11.
Lessees Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12.
Indicate animal operation type and number
Cumatpermit: Operations Type
Allowable Count
Swine - Farrow to Wean
1,200
Cattle
Dry Poult"
0"wTimes
Wan to Finish E*ry Calf
Non lAying Chickens
Homes - Horses
Wean to Feeder Datry Heifer
Laying Chickens
Homes - Other
Farrow to Fir&h h1ilk Cow
Pullets
Sheep: Sheep
Feeder to Finish Dry Cow
Turkeys
Sheep - Cither
Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf
Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder' Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow
Wet Poult
Gilts Other
Non UyIng Pullet
Other
Layers

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
structure
Name
Estintated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay. Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
'Redline"
(Inchm)
1
7671 346
f4d,00
19.80
Mall one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.IOC(d) to the address below.
1he CAWMP must include the following components:
I
I . The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), dgned by the owner and a-cerdfied technical owdafist, containing:
a. The method by which waste is applied to dw disposal Holds (e.g, irrigation, injection, etc.)
b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
c. The soff series present on every land application field
d. 7be crops grown on every land application field
e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
f 'Me maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
h. The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. A site map/schematic
3. Emergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checidist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control ChecUist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Cheddist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc) Please be sue the above table is accurate and
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, welland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on Otis list, piease include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the
application and all the CAWNI[P Items above to: [e-mail]

I attest that this application has been reviewed by me'aind is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge, I understand that,
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with -NC GenerW Statutes 143-215.6A and..143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement
w0i6sentation, or certification' in any . application, may.be subject4o civil 'penalties up t6 $25,000 per violation. (18 U,S.C.
Section 1001 provides a pufdshment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for
a similar offonse.)
Printed Name of Signing Official, (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a
corporation, ture should be 1�y 4-rincipal executive officer of the corporation):
Nam: Title:
Signature. Date:
Nwne: R M-5 L L Title:
Signature: Date:
Name: Bmuca AJ. Tide: 7rh� /4 tv
Signature: OPL2�J�. Date:
THE COWL13TED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCQ -PV
TQ '. M.. .' - ....
Animal Feeding Operations Program
16*.Mqil Service Center
Rafel
ghp North Carolina 276994636
�Wy 707-9100
Telephone number:
E-mail: [e-mail]
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 0212019

Primary Secondary
eo b, ")
Version —November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primaty versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Routine Mortality
Burial three feet beneath th& surface of the ground within 24 hours of knovAedge of animal
death.. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the.seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS I 5A NCAC
13B.0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Oil
Complete Incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0 102.
A composting system approved and pertnifted 6y' - the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Seirvices (G.S. 106-649.70).
Any method which, In the professional opinionipf the State Veterinarian, would make possible
F-1 F-1 the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortaltty Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm-specIfic mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's dAWMP and Is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be -done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
0 In the event of Imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
Signature of Farm Ovvner/M�nger)
Date
-;-7
Date

ROY COOPER
cwiemar
MICHAELS. REGAN
UNDA CULPEPPER
oftoor
cr
NORTH CAROLINA
Enw9mUladQualfty
February 27, 2019
Robco Farms LLC
Robco Farms, LLC
PO Box 3477
Lumberton, NC 29359
Subject: Application for Renewal of Coverage for Expiring State General Permit
Dear Pamittee:
Your facility is currently approved for operation under one of the Animal Waste Operation State Non -Discharge General Permits,
which expire on September 30, 2019. Copies of the now animal waste operation State Non -Discharge General Permits are available
at bgMl&ft.no�&ov/about/divisions/water-resourcesAmdmguplib�:Mionat:loradons/afo or by writing or calling:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
In order to assure your continued coveLut undir the State Non-DischMe OmW Permits, you must submit an Mlication for
p=it coveEM to acilb C
to Division, Enclojo you Will find a "&Wuwt fbr Certificate of CoLerale, F -urrenfly Covered by an
Hxvirim State Ndn-Dis�r General EMiL" The 12glication form must be gLmgp-leted� sigLed- and returned by April 3. 2019,
pLem@ note dw XqU must Wgdo one (1) topy of the CArh&d- AnIMA Waste Mmmment Plan (CAWMP) with ft
comdeted mid sirned sodication form. A list of items included in the CAWNIP can by found on pm 2 of the renewal
Uplication form
Failure to request renewal of your coverage under a general permit within the time period specified may result in a civil penalty.
Operation of your facility without coverage under a valid general permit would constitute a violation of NCOS 143-215.1 and could
result in assessments of civil penalties of up to $25,000 per day.
If you have any questions about the State Non -Discharge General Permits, the enclosed application, or any related matter please feel
five to contact the Animal Feeding Operations Branch staff at 919-707-9100.
Sincerely,
Jon Rispard, Section Chief
Animal Feeding Operations and Groundwater Section
Enclosures
oc (w/o enclosures): EWttevillc Regional Office, Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Robeson County Soil and Water Conservation District
AFOG Section Central Files - AWS780047
M-gW-hy-Brown LLC
North Casaba& DVadawmt of En%drowne tal Qus%y I Wsim alWoM Resoutoes
JOIF 512 N. S&Mviy 8L 11436 Mail Savlat Center I Rekj&, North Caldha 21699-UMS
,92W fto.707fiwo

Nutrient Management Plan For Animal Waste Utilization
This plan has been prepared for:
Robco Farm, LLC (78-47)
Robco Farms, LLC
PO Box 3477
Lumberton, NC 28359
[phone]
02-01-2019
This plan has been developed by:
Ronnie G. Kennedy Jr.
Agriment Services, Inc.
PO Box 1096
Beulaville. NC 28518
:-568-2648
Type of Plan: Nitrogen Only with Manure Only
Owner/Manager/Producer Agreement
I (we) understand and agree to the specifications and the operation and maintenance
procedures established in this nutrient management plan which includes an animal
waste utilization plan for the farm named above. I have read and understand the
Required Specifications concerning animal waste management that are included with
this plan.
Signature (owner) Date
Signature (manager or producer) Date
This plan meets the minimum standards and specifications of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service or the standard of practices
adopted by the Soil and Wfiter-6m&WIQaon ��mission.
Plan Approved By:
ical Specialist Signature
C2 - /n� C) / q
Date
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 02-01-2019 Cover Page I

Nutrients applied in accordance with this plan will be supplied from the
following source(s):
Commercial Fertilizer is not included in this plan.
S9
,facility
Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid waste generated 3,843,600 gals/year by a
1,200 animal Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid operation. This production
has waste storage capacities of approximately 180 days.
Estimated Pounds of Plant Available Nitrogen Generated per Year
BroadcaaL
4619
Incorporated
5543
Injected
5543
Irrigated
4619
Max.Avail.
PAN (I bs)
ActualPAN
Appl ied 0 bs)
PANSurplus/
Deficit (lbs)
ActualVolume
Applied (Gallons)
Volume Surplus/
Deficit (Gallons)
Year 1
4,619
4629
-10
3,852,475
-8,875
Note: In source ID, S means standard source, U means user defined source.
Max. Available PAN is calculated on the basis of the actual application method(s) identified in the plan for this source.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 02-01-2019 Source Page I of I

W
The table shown below provides a summary of the crops or rotations included in this plan for each field. Realistic
Yield estimates are also provided for each crop in the plan. In addition, the Leaching Index for each field is shown,
where avai lab le.
Planned Crops Summary
Tract
Field
Total
Acres
Useable
Acres
Leaching
Index(LI)
Soil Series
Crop Sequence
RYE
3248
F1
2.90
2.59
N/A
Norfolk
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
6.5 Tons
3248
F2
15.80
14.43
N/A
Norfolk
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
II
I
I
lHybfid Bermudagrass Pasture
6.5 Tonsl
PLAN TOTALS: 18.70 17.02
LI
Potential Leaching
Technical Guidance
< 2
Low potenti al to contribute to soluble
None
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
>= 2 &
Moderate potential to contribute to
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned.
<__ 10
soluble nutrient leaching below the root
zone.
High potential to contribute to soluble
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned. Other conservation practices that improve
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
the soi Is available water holdi ng capaci ty and improve nutri ent u se effici ency shoul d be
> 10
considered. Examples are Cover Crops (340) to scavenge nutrients, Sod -Based Rotations
(328), Long -Tenn No-l'ill (778), and edge -of -field practices such as Filter Strips (393) and
Riparian Forest Buffers (391).
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed 2/1/2019
PCs Page I of I
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.

The Waste Utilization table shown below summarizes the waste utilization plan for this operation. This plan provides an estimate of the number of acres of
cropland needed to use the nutrients being produced. The plan requires consideration of the realistic yields of the crops to be grown, their nutrient requirements,
and proper timing of applications to maximize nutrient uptake.
This table provides an estimate of the amount of nitrogen required by the crop being grown and an estimate of the nitrogen amount being supplied by manure or
other by-products, commercial fertilizer and residual from previous crops. An estimate of the quantity of solid and liquid waste that will be applied on each field in
order to supply the indicated quantity of nitrogen from each source is also included. A balance of the total manure produced and the total manure applied is
included in the table to ensure that the plan adequately provides for the utilization of the manure generated by the operation.
Waste Utilization Table
Year 1
Tract
Field
Source
ID
Soil Series
Tolal
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Appfic.
Period
Nitrogen
PA
Nutrient
Req'd
(lbs/A)
Canm.
Fert.
Nutrient
Applied
(lbs/A)
Res.
(lbs/A)
Appfic.
Method
Manure
PA
NutrientA
pplied
Obs/A)
Liquid
ManureA
pplied
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
I
Liquid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
Solid Man
Apphed
(Field)
N
N
N
N
1000
gal/A
Tons
1000 gals
tons
3248
F1
S9
Norfolk
2.90
2.59
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
1011-3/31
1
so
0
0
Irrig.
50
41.61
0.00
107.77
0.00
101
3248
F1
S9
Norfolk
2.90
2.59
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
6.5 Tons
3/1-9/30
222
0
0
Irrig.
222
184.74
0.00
478.48
0.00
3248
F2
S9
�orfolk
15.80
14.43
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
41.61
0.001
600.41
0.00
3248
F2 1
S9
korfolk
1 15.801
14.43
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
6.5 Tons
3/1-9/30
222
0
0
Irrig.
222
184.74
0.00
2,665.82
0.0
Total Applied, 1000 gallons
3,852.48
Total Produced, 1000 gallons
3,843.60
Balance, 1000 gallons
-8.8 8
7-1
Total Applied, tons
Ilk
0.00
Total Produced, tons
7'. -.71
0.00
Balance, tons
0.00
Notes: 1. In the tract column, - symbol means leased, otherwise, owned. 2. Symbol * means user entered data.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 2/l/2019 WUT Page I of I

The Irrigation Application Factors for each field in this plan are shown in the following table. Infiltration rate varies
with soils. If applying waste nutrients through an irrigation system, you must apply at a rate that will not result in
runoff. This table provides the maximum application rate per hour that may be applied to each field selected to
receive wastewater. It also lists the maximum application amount that each field may receive in any one application
event.
Irrigation Application Factors
Tract
Field
Soil Series
Application Rate
(inches/hour)
Application Amount
(inches)
3248
F1
iNorfolk
0.50
1.0
3248
F2 - ---J�orfolk
0.50
1.0
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed 2/1/2019 lAF Page I of I
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.

The following Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization table provides an estimate of the number of acres needed for
sludge utilization for the indicated accumulation period. These estimates are based on average nitrogen
concentrations for each source, the number of animals in the facility and the plant available nitrogen application
rates shown in the second column.
Lagoon sludge contains nutrients and organic matter remaining after treatment and application of the effluent. At
clean out, this material must be utilized for crop production and applied at agronomic rates. In most cases, the
priority nutrient is nitrogen but other nutrients including phosphorous, copper and zinc can also be limiting. Since
nutrient levels are generally very high, application of sludge must be carefully applied.
Sites must first be evaluated for their suitability for sludge application. Ideally, effluent spray fields should not be
used for sludge application. If this is not possible, care should be taken not to load effluent application fields with
high amounts of copper and zinc so that additional effluent cannot be applied. On sites vulnerable to surface water
moving to streams and lakes, phosphorous is a concern. Soils containing very high phosphorous levels may also
be a concern.
Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization Table
Crop
Maximum
PA-N Rate
lb/ac
Maximum Sludge
Application Rate
1000 gal/ac
Minimum Acres
5 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
, 10 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
15 Years Accumulation
Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Sludge - Standard
jHay
Com 120 bu
150
14.69
31.86
63.72
95.581
6 ton R.Y.E.
300
29.38
15.93
31.86
47.79
ISoybean 40 bu
160.
15.67.
29.87
59.74
89.61
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 02-01-2019 Sludge Page I of I

The Available Waste Storage Capacity table provides an estimate of the number of days of storage
capacity available at the end of each month of the plan. Available storage capacity is calculated as the
design storage capacity in days minus the number of days of net storage volume accumulated. The start
date is a value entered by the user and is defined as the date prior to applying nutrients to the first crop in
the plan at which storage volume in the lagoon or holding pond is equal to zero.
Available storage capacity should be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the design
storage capacity of the facility. If the available storage capacity is greater than the design storage
capacity, this indicates that the plan calls for the application of nutrients that have not yet accumulated.
If available storage capacity is negative, the estimated volume of accumulated waste exceeds the design
storage volume of the structure. Either of these situations indicates that the planned application interval
in the waste utilization plan is inconsistent with the structure's temporary storage capacity.
Available aste t raae Canacitv
Source Name
I : wine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid
Design Storage Capacity (Days
Start Date
19/1
180
q*
Plan Year
Month
Available Storage Capacity (Days)
1
69
2
54
3
66
4
96
5
95
6
125
7
124
8
153
9
153
10
135
11
118
12
94
MENOMMI
* Available Storage Capacity is calculated as of the end of each month.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 02-01-2019 Capacity Page I of I

Required Specifications For Animal Waste Mana2ement
1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift,
manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during
operation or land application. Any discharge of waste that reaches surface
water is prohibited.
2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer
either owns or has an agreement for use of adequate land on which to
properly apply the waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to
properly dispose of the waste, he/she shall provide evidence of an
agreement with a landowner, who is within a reasonable proximity,
allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application. It is the
responsibility of the owner of the waste production facility to secure an
update of the Nutrient Management Plan when there is a change in the
operation, increase in the number of animals, method of application,
receiving crop type, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be a pp lied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs
for realistic crop yields based upon soil type, available moisture, historical
data, climatic conditions, and level of management, unless there are
regulations that restrict the rate of applications for other nutrients.
4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre
per year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per
acre per year but less than 10 tons per acre per year provided grass filter
strips are installed where runoff leaves the field (see USDA, NRCS Field
Office Technical Guide Standard 393 - Filter Strips).
5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or by disking after waste
application. Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift
from the land application field.
6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste
will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When waste is
applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be
broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone
to flooding (see "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance).
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 2/1/2019 Specification Page I

7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration
rate such that runoff does not occur of[site or to surface waters and in a
method which does not cause drift from the site during application. No
ponding should occur in order to control odor and flies.
8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall
events, or when the soil surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner
that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit
growth. The potential for salt damage from animal waste should also be
considered.
10. Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring
planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient
loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable
winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall not
be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages
breaking dormancy.
11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with
the following: The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is
applied from a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least
50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal. Animal waste,
other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995,
shall not be applied closer that 25 feet to perennial waters.
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other
than those owned by the landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and
public right-of-ways.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 2/1/2019 Specification Page 2

15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways,
or wetlands by a discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be
applied to prior converted cropland provided the fields have been
approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal
waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly
into water courses, and on other grassed waterways, waste shall be
applied at agronomic rates in a manner that causes no runoff or drift
from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets,
sinks, etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste management
system.
17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all
disturbed areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas
shall be fenced, as necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as
trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc., are limited to areas where
considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and
accessible. Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for
evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the
owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan"
which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge, pollution, and
erosion.
19. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected
on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills. A regular
maintenance checklist should be kept on site.
20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other
crops for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on
crops for direct human consumption, it should only be applied pre -plant
with no further applications of animal waste during the crop season.
21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom
elevations of the temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste
treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level
between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum
storage volume for waste storage ponds.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 2/1/2019 Specification Page 3

22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested
at least annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen
shall be the rate-d eter mining nutrient, unless other restrictions require
waste to be applied based on other nutrients, resulting in a lower
application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the
soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when
these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted and
maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis
records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste
application records shall be maintained for a minimum of three years.
Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five
(5) years.
23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina
regulations.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 2/1/2019 Specification Page 4

Crop Notes
The following crop note applies to field(s): F I, F2
Small Grain: CR, Mineral Soil, medium leachable
In the Coastal Plain, oats and barley should be planted from October 15-October 30; and rye from
October 15-November 20. For barley, plant 22 seed/drill row foot and increase the seeding rate by 5% for
each week seeding is delayed beyond the optimum time. See the seeding rates table for applicable
seeding rate modifications in the current NCSU "Small Grain Production Guide". Also, increase the
initial seeding rate by at least 10% when planting no -till. Oats should be planted at 2 bushels/acre and
rye at 1-1 1/2 bushels/acre. Plant all these small grains at 1-1 1/2" deep. Adequate depth control is
essential. Review the NCSU Official Variety "green book" and information from private companies to
select a high yielding variety with the characteristics needed for your area and conditions. Apply no more
than 30 lbs/acre N at planting. Phosphorus and potash recommended by a soil test can also be applied at
this time. The remaining N should be applied during the months of February -March.
The following crop note applies to field(s): F I, F2
Bermudagrass: CP, Mineral Soil, Moderately Well Drained.
Adaptation: Well -adapted.
In the Coastal Plain,- hybrid bermudagrass sprigs can be planted Mar. I to Mar. 3 1. Cover sprigs I" to 3"
deep (1.5" optimal). Sprigs should be planted quickly after digging and not allowed to dry in sun and
wind. For Coastal and Tifton 78 plant at least 10 bu/ac in 3' rows, spaced 2' to 3' in the row. Generally a
rate of 30 bu/ac is satisfactory to produce full groundcover in one or two years under good growing
conditions. Tifton 44 spreads slowly, so use at least 40 bu/ac in 1.5' to 2' rows spaced I' to 1.5' in row.
For broadcast/disked-in sprigs use about 60 bu/ac. Soil test for the amounts of lime, phosphorus,
potassium and micronutrients to apply preplant and for annual maintenance. Apply 60 to 100 lb/ac N in
the establishment year in split applications in April and July. For established stands apply 180 to 240
lb/ac N annually in split applications, usually in April and following the first and second hay cuts.
Reduce N rates by 25% for grazing. Refer to NCSU Technical Bulletin 305 Production and Utilization
of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina for more information or consult your regional agronomist or
extension agent for assistance.
936217 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 02-01-2019 Crop Note Page I of I

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Iuggins (Ton Bridges)

Sheed
IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN PARAMETERS
Landowner/operator Name: Ray Britt - Ten Bridges Farm
Address: 4987 White Pond Rd. E.
Fairmont. NC 28340
Telephone: (91o) q28 9277
Table I - Field Specifications
COuntY: Robeson
Date: 5/25/00
Approximate
Maximum Maximum
Useable Size Maximum Application
Field Of Field APPlication ns;r

TABLE 2 - Travolling Irrigation Gun Settings.
Reel R�I�n
Sheet2
Field No. Travel APPlication TRAVELLANE
and Spftd ;?=fo C=- — - Wetted Noz7lp
3-�w �
-?.:z Y�

Shee(4
TABLE 4 - Irrigation System SPecifications
Travelin Solid Set
Ion Gun
'Flow
131"!!" `jr�ilcler M
ating Pressure at Pum si ------
gr 82
Desi-qn Pred Ration Ra 101.0
Hose Len th (feet) e In/hr 0.31
Type of Speed 1',",40mpensation 964
&1[i,:111::hanIcal
PUMPT 1 11 el, .......... ( F ............... .. ............................... i1ectric
11,0, '''! if!)
I I I� I, Enain
Pume Power RegUlrement (hol I
22.8
Page I

Sht:�,,Z
IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGNER
Name: Kraig Westerbeek
Company: Private
Address: 1635 W. Wards Bridge Rd. Warsaw, NC 28458
Phone: [phone]
Required Documentation
The following details of design and Materials must accompany all irrigation designs:
I. A scale drawing of the proposed Irrigation system Which Includes hydrant locations, pipelines. thrust block locations and bufter areas whe
2. Assumptions and Computations for determining total dynamic head and 110mel)O%ver requirements. re applicable.
3. Computations used to determine all mainline and lateral pipe sizes.
4. Sources and/or calculations used for deterftning aPPlIcation rates.
S. Computations used to deterrnine the size of thrust blocks and illustrations of all thrust block configurations required in the system
6. Manufacturees specifications for the Irrigation pump, traveler and sprinkler(s).
7. Manufbcturees specifications fbr the Irrigation pipe and/or USDA-NRCS standard fbr IRRIGATION WATER CONVEYANCE.
8. The Information required by this fonn are ft minimum requirements. It is the responsibility Of the designer to consider all relevant at a st a d
address them as appropriate. factors particular I e n
9. Irrigation pipes should not be Installed in lagoon or storage pond embankments without the approval of the designer.
NOTE: A buffer strip Of 26 or wider must be maintained between the limits of the Irrigation system and all
perennial streams and surft= waters per NC Statute$.
I

Shtm:6
Narrative of Inigation System Operation
Farm built 6/93. Acres shown In plan are wetted acres. Existing P1
Grower can either bury 6" pipeline to field 2, or use aluminum iPe Peline used fbr pulls 1,2, and 3.
All pulls should be made with a P - Conveyence, under road already in place.
1.08" ring nozzle w/ 60 psi gun pressure. It is recommended that gun
Pressure be checked p"dically with a pressure gauge mounted on the Pre tapped area of the gun.
The arc angle will have to be adjusted for pulls 1,3,4, and 5. This is critical to cover the acreage shown.
See map for are angles required.
Calibration materials provided with packet.

Sheet7
tionn
CALCULATIONS
as
Sprinkler Type: Nelson 1,90
Nozzle Size:
1.08 Inches
Spriinkler Pressure:
60 PSI
Flowrate(GPM):
182 gpm
Wetted Diameter:
LUM-SmAngs
300 feet
Desired Spacing (%):
70%
Design Spacing(feet):
210 *PVC Irrigation pipe normally comes In 201
Actual Spacing (feet):
pieces,
so round to the nearest multiple of 20.
233 feet
Actual Spacing (%):
78%
Application Rate = (96.3xFlowrate)/(3.1415X(.9xradius)squared)
Design App. Rate =
0.31 in/hr
300 degree arc =
0.37 in/hr
220 degree arc =
0.50 in/hr
180 degree arc =
IrayallarSjUMW
0.61 in/hr
Travel speed = 1.605 x Flowrate / Desired application amount x Lane Spacing
Desired app. (in.) =
0.75 inches
300 degree arc =
1.67 ft/min
220 degree arc =
2.01 ft1min
180 degree arc =
3.34 ft/min
Velocity =.408 x Flowrate pipe diameter squared feet/sec."
"For buried pipelines, velocity should be below 5 feet
per second
Pipe size:
6 Inches
Velocity=
2.06 ft/sec.
Page I

Sheet7
MaXJMMAWMMe-��_Lo.
Most distant hydrant: 3
Total distance: 1400 feet
Friction Loss IS figured using Hazen/William's Equation
Friction Loss= 0.24 feet/100 feet
Max. Mainline Loss = 3.4 feet or 1.5 psi
Sprinkler Pressure: 60 psi
Loss through traveller: 30 psi
Elevation head: 2.5 psi
Mainline loss: 1.5 psi
Suction head and lift: 2.2 psi
5% fiffing loss: 4.8 psi
TOTAL(TDH) 101.0 psi or 233.3 feet
HorsopaweLRgstuimd
Horsepower = Flowrate x TDH(feet) / 3960 / Pump effeclency
Pump Description: Rainbow 6x4sx1 3
Pump Efficiency: 47%
Horsepower Required: 22.8 Hp
1h=tMQGk1ftQ
Thrust Block Area = Thrust Soil Bearing Strength
Thrust: 3600 feet
Soil Bearing Strength: 1200 feet
End Cap: 3.0 ft2
90 degree elbow: 4.2 ft2
Tee: 2.1 ft2
45 degree elbow: 2.3 ft2
IN-06 Pre WHAILIflng-cliech
Pressure Rating Of Pipe to be Used: 200 psi
Max. Pressure on system when running: 101.0 psi
70% of Pressure Rating: 140 psi
If Max. Pressure on system Is less than 70% of Pressure Rating, OK
3 Ell eadDhaecak
Page 2

NPSHA:
NPSHR: *from PUMP curve
If NPSHA>NPSfiR OK
WAIA
Sheet7
Page 3

(2�
SM=ON ONIN T NnE) g-oq�jjq NOS13N jM (KO&S 130OW
o3ads aNnovE)'SA 14-ld3O NOUVOI-Iddy SSONS
6 7

BIG GUN@ PERFORMANCE TABLES
100 SERIES BIG GUNS 24* TRAJECTORY 100 R RING NOZZLES
NOZZLE NOZZLE NOZZLE NOZZLE NOZZLE NOZZLE HULLLL
i .857 .995 .927 .90
.712 .768 .812 1
PSI GPM DIA GPM DIA GPM DIA GPM DIA GPM DIA GPM DIA GPK - DIA
50 74 220 BS 225 100 230 115 240 129 250 150 255 167 260
60 BI 235 96 240 110 245 125 260 141 270 164 275 183 2BO
70 88 245 104 250 118 260 135 275 152 .2 9 0 177 2?5 198 300
80 94 255 1-11 265 127 275 145 285 163 300 JB9 305 211 3 15
90 99 265 117 275 134 285 154 295 173 3 10 201 315 224 325
100 105 270 124 28Q 142' 295 10 305 182 320 212 325 236 335
150 ERIES BIG GUNS
240 TRAJECTORY
IS() R RING NOZZLES
NOZZLE NOIRE
NOZZLE NOZZLE
NOZZLE
NOZILE NOZZLE
.86 .97
1.08
rl . '34 1.41
PS -I GPM DIA GPM W
GPM - D14 GPM D14
6PM DIA
GPM DIA GPK DIA
50
100
245
130
20
10
2B5
205 - 300
255
320
300 335
350
350
60
110
260
1 143
280
1 182
'00
225
1
315
275
1
335
330 350
1
385
1
365
1
70
120
1L 7 0
155
2?0
177
310
245
330
2?5
350
355 365
415
380
80
12B
280
165
300
210
320
20
340
315
30
380 380
445
3) Y 5
90
13.5
290
175
310
2 2 3
330
275
350
335
370.
405 390
475
405
100
L
143
30 0
185
320
235
340
2YO
360
355
HO
-L.-
425 400
--
500
1
415
1
200
SERIES BIG GUNS —
270 TRAJECTORY
200 R RING NOZZLES
NOZZLE
NOZZLE
NOZZLE
NOZZLE
HOZZLE
HOZZLE
a
H Z
L
Z E
1.29
I.Ab
1.56
1.66
1.74
1.83
— 1.73
PSI
GPM
DIA
GPH
DIA
GPM
DIA
GPM
DIA
GPM
DIA
6PK DIA
GPM
DIA
L5 0
2 3 0
325
300
355
350
370
410
390 1
470
405
535 420
640
435
60
250
340
3 3 0
370
385
390
445
410
515
425
585 440
LYS
455
70
270
355
37 5 5
385
415i
405
480
�25
555
440
L30 455
755
475
BO
290
370
390
400
445
420
515
440
590
455
675 470
805
490
90
310
380
405
415
475
435
545
455
625
470
715 485
855
505
100
325
390
425
425
500
445
575
465
660
4BO
755 500
900
520

Irrigation Water Conveyance
High -Pressure, Underground, Plastic
Pipeline Specifications
InsulhMon
Min"Imum d*pth of cO"r. Pipe shall be Installed at sutfi.
cient depth below the ground surface to Provide Protection
from hazards imposad by tmffic crossings. farming opera-
tions. freezing temperatures. Of Soil cracking. AG minimum
depth Of Cover for pipe susceptible to any of these hazards
shall be:
PlDe diameter )OPth of cover
'A thmUgh 21A. - M
3 thrwgh 5 ..... is
6 or mom ........ . ......... 24
.............................. 30
In areas where the pipe will not bO susceptible to freez
Ing and vehicular OIr cUttiVation hazards and thO soils do n"ot
crack aPPfvdab[Y when dry, the minimum depth of cover
May bO reduced to:
PiPe dl�nm�wger
DeWh of cover
'A throuoh 1
2 throup 3 6
4 ftwough a ......... 12
MM ftn a ------- is
. .......... . ....................... . 24
In cranberry bogs where ft PlP`G is not suscepfibla to
fm'WtV and heavy OquIPmOrd Is never allowed. the mini.
Mum depth Of cow May be 6 In for a 64n diameter pipe
and 12 in kw a largw pipe.
The minimum cover for polyethylene pipe is 6 In but may
bl reduced to 2 In whOnD conditions warraM The ininimum
Cover for PVC Pipe In cranberry bogs, where ft pipe is to
be Pr0tect9d tmm freezing after winter flooding, shall be 12
In- It thO Winter flood equal
winter flood is left than , s Or mmseds 12 in. Where the
at least 24 In below the 2 In. the top Of the pipe shall be
shall be usW at al water surface. S0IYGnI-wGId1ed joints
and muck-exjg. I connections ot PVC Pipe where' peat
In "r normal lgymed pattem. Rubber
dgu"raswhe�rq cm, mayvbee Lg" following normal bedding p=9.
At low placm On Sand or cern" "rs exist.
the ground surface. extra fill may be
P4,c*d over the pipeline to proWde
the minimum depth of
cover. The tOP Width Of the fill Shall then be no Ion than 10
ft and the side slopes no steeper dum 6:1. it exft pnXac.
flon is needed at vOhicf8 Crossings, encasement Pipe or
other approved methods may be used.
Trench construction- The trench at any point below,
th'a 1OP of the PiPG shall be only wide enough to permit
thO PIPG to be easily Placed and joined and lo allow the
initial backnu Material to be uniformly placed under.the
haunches and along the side of the Pipe. The n-taximum
trench width shall be 36 in greater than the diameter of
the PiPQ- It the trench is precision Oxcavated and has a
I
SCS2 January 1989
sem'c'r"�ular b0UOm that closely fit$ the pipe, the width
shall not GxcAed tho Outside diarneter of the pipe by
rnore that 10 Percent.
The trench bottom shall be uniform SO that the pipe lies
on the bOMM without bridging. Clods, rocks. and uneven
-Spots that Can damage the Pipe or cause nonuniform sup.
Port shall be removed.
If rocks. boulders. or any other material that can damage
the PiPO are encountered, the trench bottom shall be under.
Cut a minimum of 4 in below final grade and filled with bed.
ding matOrial consisting of sand or compawed fin"rained
soils.
Pipelines having a diameter of 1h through 21h in that are
to be Placed in areas not subject to vehicular loads and in
soils that do not crack appreciably when dry may be placed
by using 8'PfOw-in" equipment instead of conventional
trenching.
Provisions shall be made to Insure safe working condi.
flons where unstable soil. trench depth. or Other conditions
can be hazardous to personnel working in the trench.
Placement. Care shall be taken to Prevent permanent dis-
tortion and damage when handling the Pipe during unusu.
ally warm or cold weather. The pipe shall be allowed to
COMO within 8 low degrees Of the temperature it will have
attar it is completely covered before"Placing the backfill,
other than that neWed for shading, or before connecflng
the pipe to other facilities. The Pipe shall be uniformly and
continuously supported over its entire length on firm stable
material. Blocking Or mounding shall not be used to bring
the pipe to final grade.
FOr Pipe with bell joints, bell holes shall be excavated in
the bedding material. as needed. to allow for unobstructed
assembly of the joint and to Permit the body of the pipe to
be In contact With the bedding Material throughout Its
length.
J0Irft Rod connections. All Joints and connections shall
be designed And constructed to withstand the design maxi.
mum working pressUr& for the Pipeline without leakage and
to leave the inside of the line free of any obstruction that
May tend 10 reduce its capacity below design requirements.
AD fitilngs, such as couplings,, reducers. bands, toes, and
crOSses. shall be Installed according to the rOcommenda.
tions of ihe pipe manufacturer
Fittings made Of StOOI-Or other
rosion shall be adequately ph3tecled by being wrapped with
PlastiC tape or by being coated with a substance that has
hig"h corroslOn-PrOvOntatim qualities.'If plaVic tapa is used.
all surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned and coated with a
Primer compatible with the tape before wrapping.
Thrust blocim. Thrust blocks must be formed -
against a
solid hand-excavwed trench wall undamaged by Mechani.
cal equipment. They shall be constructed of concrete, and
the Vace between the Pipe and trench wall shall be filled
to the height ot the outside diameter of the Pipe or as spec-
Ified by the manufacturer.
T04iting. ThO Pipeline shall be tested for pressure strength,
leakage, and Proper functioning. The tests may be per.
formed before backfilling or anytime after the Pipeline is
ready for service.

Irrigation Water Conveyance 430-DD-5
Tests for pressure strength and leaks shall be accom.
plished by inspecting the pipeline and appurtenances while
the maximum working pressure is maintained and all joints
and connections are uncovered, or by observing normal
operation of the pipeline atter it is put into service. Partial
backfills needed to hold the pipe in place during testing
shall be placed as specified in "Initial Backtill." Any leaks
shall be repaired and the system retested.
The pipeline shall be tested to insure that it functions
properly at design capacity. At or below design capacity
there shall be no objectionable flow conditions. Objectiona-
ble flow conditions shall include water hammer, continuing
unsteady delivery of water. damage to the pipeline. or detri-
mental discharge from control valves.
Initial backf Ill. Hand. mechanical. or water packing meth.
ods may be used.
The initial backtill material shall be soil or sand that is
free from rocks or stones larger than I in. in diameter. At
the timio of placement, the moisture content of the material
shall be."such that the required degree of compaction can
be obtained with the backfill method to be used. The initial
backfill material shall be placed so that the pipe will not be
displaced. excessively deformed. or damaged.
If backfilling Is done by hand or mechanical means, the
Initial fill shall be compacted firmly around and above the
pipe as required to provide adequate lateral support to the
pipe.
It the water packing method is used, the pipeline first
shall be filled with water. The initial backfill before wetting
shall be of suHicient depth to insure complete coverage of
the pipe after consolidation. Water packing is accomplished
by adding enough water to diked reaches of the trench to
thoroughly saturate the initial backfill without excessive
pooling. After the backfill is saturated. the pipeline shall
remain full until after the (Ina] backfill is made. The wened
fill shall be allowed to dry until firm before beginning the
final backfill.
Snall bacidill. The final backtill mat4rial shall be free of
large rocks, frozen clods. and other debris greater than 3
In. In diameter. The material shall be placed and spread in
approximately uniform layers so that there will be no
unfilled spaces in the backfill and the backfill will be level
with the natural ground or at the design grade required to
provide the minimum depth of cover after settlement. Roll-
Ing equipment shall not be used to consolidate the final
backfill t;ntil the specified minimum depth of cover has
been placed.'
All special backfllling requirements of the pipe manufac-
turer shall be met.
EWSIS of ' acceptance. The acceptability of the pipeline
shall be determined by inspections to check compliance
with all the provisions of this standard with respect to the
design of the line. the pipe and pipe marking. the appurte-
nances. and the minimum Installation requirements.
CettIficlitions and guarantee. If request&d by the state
conservation eingineer. a qualified testing laboratory must
J
certify with supporting test results that the piPe` Meets the
requirements specified in this standard. The seal of
approval of a recognized lab -oratory on pipe bearing one of
the ASTM designations listed in this standard may be
acceptod for this cenification.
The installing contractor shall cartify that his of her instal-
lation complies with the requirements of this standard. He
or she shall furnish a written guarantee that protects, the
owner against detective workmanship and materials for not
less than I year. The certification identities the manufac.
turer and markings of the pipe used.
Materials
Ousilty of plastic pipe. The compound used in manufac.
turing the pipe shall meet the requirements of one of the
following materials:
1. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as spepilied in ASTM-D-1784
COda
Material Clas-sification
Type1. Grade 1 ......................... ............................... 12464-B
7ypa 1. Grade 2 ............. . ..................... . ................... 12464-.0
TypeIt, Grade 1 ................ . ................... : .................. 14333-0
2. Acrylonitrile-butadlene-styrene (ASS) as specified In
ASTIVI-0-1 788.
Code
Material clm3ikaflon
Type1. Grade 2 ................................. I ....... . ........ . ... 5-2-2
Type1. Grade 3 ............... . ........................................ 3-5--S
Type11. Grade I ........................ I ............................... 4--4-5
3. Polyethylene (PE) as specifled in ASTM-D-1248
Code
Material clas3ification
Grade P14. Clau C .. . .............................................. IC-P14
Grade P23, Cla3a C .......... . ...................................... 110-M
Grade P33. Cim C .......................................... .
.... . .. IIIC-P33.
GradeP34. Cbas C .................................................. JVC-P34
The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and -free.
from visible cracks. holes. foreign matter. of other defects.
The pipe shall be as uniform in color, opacity; densiM and
other physical properties as Is commercially practicable.
Pipe requimments. All pipe installed under this standard
shall be pressure rated for water.
The relationship between standard dimension ratios,
dimensions. hydrostatic design stresses, and pressure rat-
ings shall be determined by one of the following formulas:
For PVC. AaS. and PE pipe with outside diameter
conirdled:
2S 00
P or�� = R-1
P
SCS , January 1989

Irrigation Water Conveyance 430-DD-7
Mask IrTigation Pipe (PIP) shall have belled ends or sep.
"0 COUPlers and fittings thal are suitable for joining the
pipe and appurtenances by solvent cement. rubber gaskets,
or other methods recommended by the pipe manufacturer.
Such fittings and joint3 shall be capable of withstanding a
Yworking Pressure equal to or greater than that for the pipa.
Solvent cement Joinft. Schvnt for solvent cement joints
shall conform to ASTM Specification 0-2564 for PVC pipe
and fittings and to 0-2236 kw ABS pipe and fitflngs.
Sofvent cement joints shall be used and consmicted
according to the nx*mmendations of the pipe'
manufacturer.
Rubbor Vaslot Joinft. Rubber gasket joints shall conform
to ASTM Specification D-3139.
Table 1.---Hydroswlc design strmw and designation—
PuLstic Pipe
das!Qn
Mazak pipe mittwW
stress
Designailon
w
PVC Typo 1. Grade I ..... ........... . .... . . ..
2.000
PVC 1120
PVC Type 1. Gnw* 2 .......................... —
2.000
PVC 1220
PVC Type H. Grade i .................. . ......
1,000
PVC 2110
PVC Type It, Grade i ......
I =
PVC 2112
PVC Typ It. Grade I .............. . ..
I'm
PVC 2116
ARS Type 1. Ontdo 2 .......
WO
ASS 12os
ASS Type 1. Grada 2 ......
1,000
AN 1210
ASS Type 1. GnuU 3 ...... . .. ........ . .....
i,sw
ASS 1316
A13S Ty" 11. Grade
1.250
ASS 2112
PE Grade P14 .............. .
4M
PE 1404
PIE Grad* P23 ....... ...................
sw
PrE 2305
PE Gnoe P23
WO
PE 2306
PE Grade P33 ................ . ....... . ........
630
PE 3306
PE Grade P34 ...............
630
PE 3406
PE Gr4do P34 . . ....................
am
FE 3408
SCS, January 1989
1

on each side of the pipe to provide support free from Voids.
Care shouid be taken to avoid deforming. displacing, pr
damaging the pipe during this phase of the operation.
.4 Final backfill
6.4.1 -General. After pipeRnp testing, final backfidl shaU be
placed and spread Iq approximately UnIform layers In such
manner as to fat the trench ;oa�-Ietcly so that there' will be no
unfilled spaces under or about rqFks or lurn
. p; of earth in the
backfdl. Final ba'ckrdl shall be froe of large rocks, kozen'clods
and officr debris greater thAn 76 mm (3 in.) In diameter. Rolling
equipment or heavy tampers should be used to consolida te the
finil backfill oply after the nlinifnurn depth of cover bas Nan
placc4 4nd OnlY With pipe hAyIng Wq4 th4qqsses grep!,c ag
that qf 4PR-41. q tb
SECTION 7-Pppj4j� pot
.
7.1 Bull holes for r4bber gask
... 9t NMI Wbr-P ;he pipe �cin$ In.
stalled is provided with rubber gasket*joipts, bell Wes shall be
excavate4 In the bcddirig material to 9UojV'for*the unqbstr'uctc'd*
qssembly of thcjoint. Care shou]4 ke tqkcn thai l;6 beU hole Is nq
larger than'neccssary to 4ccOmpU;h prQ I
perjolq; issembly. Wheri the
joint has been made, the bell hole sho?rld be carefully Me'd witli
TA13LE 11 - THRUST BLOCKING ANQ AIJ604S FOR UNDERGROUNp IRRIGATI9ZI �jrppjrjp-
WFA Stop I- MWtiPlY the working
.#$ P a �% pressure by tl!e appropri4to value
I. dh0wP in 94c 10110WIng table t4i obtal .
n tOt�i ti;rustin'14 (lb).:
PIPE LINE TPRUST r-ApTo
'Cr RS!,
pipe Size Dead End 22-1/e
In. Mtn or Too lElbow Eil�ow Elbow
P-�
1-1/2 38.1 2.94
2
4-16
2.25
1.15
50.8 4.66
2-1/2 63.5 6.65
6.45
9.40
3.50
6.10
1.78
3 - 76.� 6.80
3-1/2 88.0 12.8
13.9
18.1
7.51
2.60
3.82
4 101.0 26.2
5
23.0
9.81
12.4
4.90
6.31
12 7. Q 24.7
6 152-4. P4.
P5-Q
49
10.9
26.7
9.63
13.6
.?
9 203.2 59.0
10
:2
83.5
4t.2
23.f)
264.0 01.5
$04.8
. 0 1i9-0
130.0
IQ2.0
70.0
90.5
$6.8
60.3
Hased on thrust por kPa (psi) pressure
1, Blocidng for cross way nofbo needpd lyffh long brymch
Unes.
Step 2. Detprmine the �earinq 1pran
below-.
q
#
tqhle
BEARING STRENGT11 OF Spl!IS
SOUS and Safe Bearing Looda
Sound Shalo
Cemented Gravel and Sand
4P 0919
478.8
difficult to pick
Coarse and fine oomPact Sand,
4000
191.5
Medium ClaY-Can be spaded
3000
2000
143'.6
96.8
Soft Clay
Muck
1000
47.9
4
Step 4. Divide the total thr'Ust obtained In Stag I by the bearing
strength of the soil ;o get the area needed, M2 (ft ).
SIDE THRUST ALTERNATE PROCEiDulip
Pipe Size
L".
61de Thfust-por Degrece
mm lb
W
1-1/2
2
38.1
6.1
22.7
2-1/2
50.8
63.5
7.9
11.6
35.1
3
3-1/2
76.2
88.9
17.1
61.6
76.1
4
22.4
09.6
14.6
28.3
125.6
127.0
43.1
291.7
a
162.4
60.8
270.5
10
208.2
103.0
454.2
32
254.0
160.0
711.7
304.8
225.0
1000.8
Based on side thrust per 689 kpa (100
deflection. pressure per degree of
NOTE: Multiply side thrust from table by de(rroas of deflection
times kPa (Pall qivided by !P-q tR -PPUL� total side thrust in N 11b).

Z
Figure 2. Anchorage 61ocks
for in -line valves.
(ORN Table I is the forces
encountered
a-t end plugs, to
calculate
.Orces encountered at bends,
tees and
wyes, multiply the
figure. in
Table I by the factors given -in- Table
2.
Table
1. Thrust
W at End
Plugs
Thrust in
lbs. for t st pressure in psi
Pipe Diameter
100 PSI
150 PSI
206'PSI
250 PSI
Onche
295
440
590
740
2.----
455
680
910
1140,
211
660
990
132'0
1650
3
985
1480
1970
2460
4
1820
2720
3630
4540
6
3740
5600
7460
9350
8
6-4 go-
9740
1310YO
163,200
10
102650
16�000
21-s300
26,600
12
153150
22,700
30s2OO
37,800
14
202600
303800
413100
51$400
16,
269600
39�800
53,100
66,400
-6-

Table 2. Fa c' to'r
s -for Calculating Thrust W for
E) b`6ws a nd Tees.
El b-ows: goo
1 .41 Tees 0.70
6 0
0 1.00'"
450 0. 76,c--
300 0.52
,..22,50 0.39
TaMe.3 gives the safe bearing load for different soil types.
ft. Table 3. Safe Bearing Load
Soil _r, b. f t 2
Mulchs peat and similar
Soft Clay
Sa nd
Sand and Qravel
Sand and 'gravel cemented
with clay
Hard shale
9
1000 10�
2000
300b
4000
IM00
Thrust block area (ft2) .= V Thrust (Table 1 & Table 2)
T 01 earm-9 strength
(Ta-b-1 e 3)
In Placing concrete thrust b7o.cksg check with the manufacturer of the
Pipe being used to ensu're that the correct size thrust blocks are
bei.w. used,,
There are a number of machines that can be used to prepare -the
trench for PVC plastic Pipe. Soil types, moisture content, depth of
trench required and type and diameter Of pipe must be considered.
Generally chain trenches�j wheel trenches; -backhoes, or vibrating plows
will be usea for trench preparation. The vibrati?9 Plow can only be
used fo'r solvent weld PVC Pipe and generally is
diametet Of Pipe. ti limited to the smaller
Under most condi ons the chain. trencher or wheel
trencher will be fast6r than the backhoe. Where wide trenches for large
Pipe are required, the backhoe will be most satisfactory. if soil
condi�lons permits long stretches of open trench will expedite pipe
installation. However, if rain is forecast the Pipe should be installed
and the trench backfilled. To avoid sharp turns in the line at obstructions,
trenches should be curved within limits Of curvature of the pipe.

Z
a
Gallons
Per Min.
FRICTION LOSS CHARTS
FOR DIAMOND PIPE
IPS DIMENSION
4-Inch 5-Inch 6-Inch 8-Inch 10-Inch
FRICTION HEAD LOSS IN FEET PER HUNDRED FEET
ISO
160
1.26
170
1.41
180
1.57
190
1.73
200
1.90
220
2.28 .81
.34
240
2.67 .95
.40
.09
260
3.10 1.10
.46
.10
280
3.56 1.26
.54
.12
300
4.04 1.43
.61
.14
320
4.56 1 .62
.69
.17
340
5.10 1.82
.77
.19
1 360
5.67 2.02
.86
.21
380
6.26 2.22
.95
.24
400
6:90 2.45
1.04
.26
420
2.69
1.14
.28
1
440
460
2.92
1.25
.3
.34
�80
3.18
1.35
.37
500
3.44
1.46
41
550
3.70
1.58
.43
600
1.89
.52
650
2.22
.6 1
700
2.58
.7 1
750
2.96
.81
800
3.36
.93
850
3.78
1.04
900
Table based on Hazen -Williams
4.24
1.17
950
9QUation -'Cw = 150
4.71
5.21
1.30
1.44
1006
1/ To find friction 1i . ead loss in
5.73
1.58
1050
PVC pipe having a standard
1.73
1100
8imension ratio other than 21,
1.88
1150
the values in the table should
2.05
1200
1250
be multiplied by the
2.21
1300
appropriate conversion iactor
2.39
1350
(F) shown below:
2.57
1400
1450
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
e_ 10
2.95
3.16
3.35
12-Inch
.10
.10
.12
.14
.15
.060
.18
.083
.21
.096
.24
.110
.28
. 125
.32
.141
.36
.158
.40
.175
.44
.194
.49
.213
.54
.233
.59
254
.65
.276
170
.298
.76
.322
-.82
.346
.88
.371
a r,
­#..;
.397
1 .01
.423
1.08
.451
1.15
.508
1.3o
.568
1.45
.632
1.62
.698
1.79
.767
1.97
.840
Loss below bold line indicates velocilies in excess ol,5 leei per second.
Velocities which exceed 5 feet per second are not recommended.

FRICTION
LOSS IN POLYETHYLENE HOSE
P.S.I. FRICTIOX LOSS PER 100 FEET POLYETHELINE
IRRIGATION HOSE
(WATER)
DA mm
135
125
120 110
90
82
75
63
so
40
I.D. IRS.
4.5
4.1
4.0 3.7
3
2.7
2.5
2.1
1.60
1,30
GALI JO
-
0.9
KIM. 20
1.1
3.1
30
2.3
6.6
0
-
4.0
11.2
so
2.1
6.0
16.9
60
1.2
2.9
8.4
70
1.0
1.6
3.9
11.2
go
J.3
2.0
4.9
14.4
90
1.6
2.5
6.1
loo
- -
1.1
1.9
3.0
7.5
110
- -
1.3
2.3
3.6
9.9
120 -
-
1.6
2.7
4.2
10.5
130 -
-
0.7
Ila
3.1
4.9
140 -
-
0.9
2.1
3.6
5.6
ISO -
0.9
2.4
411
6.4
160
1.0
2.7
4.6
7.2
170
1.2
3.0
5.2
0.1
190
0.9
1.3
3.4
5.7
8.9
190
1.0
1.4
3.7
6.3
Y.9
200 -
- 0.9
1.1
1.6
4.1
7.o
210 -
- 0.9
.1.2
j.7
4.5
7.6
220 -
- 1.0
1.3
1.9
4.9
0.3
230 "
- 111
1.4
2-j
5.3
9.0
240 - -
1.2
1.5
2.2
5.7
250 0.9
1.3
1.6
2,4
6.2
260 1.0
1.4
1.7
2.6
6.6
Tj 0 1.0
1.5
1.9
2.8
7.1
280 1.1
1.6
2.o
3.0
7,6
290 1.2
1.7
2.1
3.2
8.1
300
1.8
2.2
3.4
8.6
310 1.3
1.9
2.4
3.6
9.2
320 1.4
2.0
2.s
33
9.7
330 1.5
2.2
2.7
4.0
340 1.6
2.3
2,8
4.2
350 1.7
2.4
310.
4.5
360 1.7
2.5
3.2
4.7
no 1.8
2.7
3.3
4.9
3BO 1.9
2.9
3.5
5.2
390 2.0
2.9
3.7
5.5
4,00 2-j
3.1
3.8
5.7
420 2.3
3.4
4.2
6.3
440 2.5
3.7
4.6
6.8
460 2.7
4.0
5.0
7.4
480 3.0
4.3
5.4
9.0
Soo 3.2
4.6
5-B

Fleld Calibration Procedures for Animal Wastewater Application Equipn1e]ftt
HA" HOSE AND CABLE TOW TRAVELER MMGATION SySTEMS
R.O. Evans and J.C. Barker
Information presented in manufacturers charts are based on average operating conditions for
relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and appucation rates change over time as
cquipment gets older and components wear. Operating an 1mgation system differently than
assumed in the design will alter the application rate, uniformity of coverage, and
subsequently the application uniformity. Operating with excessive pressure results in smaller
droplets, greater potential for drift, and accelerates wear of the sprinkler nozzle. Clogging of
nozzles can result in pressure increase. Plugged intakes or crystallization of mainlines will
reduce operating pressure. Operating below design pressure greatly reduces the coverage
diameter and application uniformity.
Irrigation equipment should be calibrated on a regular basis to ensure proper application rates
and uniformity. Calibration is a simple procedure involving collecting and measuring the
material being applied at several locations in the application area. Calibration helps ensure
that nutrients from animal waste are applied efficiently and at proper rates.
General GuideRnes
The calibration of a hard hose or cable tow system involves setting out collection containers,
operating the sYstem., measuring the amount of wastewater collected in each container, then
computing the Average application volume and application uniformity.
An in -line flow meter installed in the main kinigation line provides an accurate and easy
method of computing average application volume for each i ' ation cycle.
IM9
Any number of containers can be used to collect flow and determine the application rate.
Standard rain gAuges work best and are recommended because they already -have a graUuated
scale from which to read the application amount without having to perform mathematical
conversions.
Pans, plastic buckets, jars, or anything with a uniform opening and cross section can be used
provided the con'tainer is deep enough to prevent splash (at least 4 inches deep), excessive
evaporation, and the liquid collected dan be easily transferred to a scaled container for
measuring. All containers should be th'e same size and shape to simply application depth
computations.
All collection containers should be set up at the same height relative to the height of the gun
discharge elevation (nozzle). The top of the container should be no more than 36 inches
above the ground.
Collectors should be located so that no interference from the crop occurs.

. k
Operator:Ray Britt County: Robeson Date: 03/20/93
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner): 1200.0 feet
1. STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT
0 sows (farrow to finish) x 1417 lbs. 0 lbs
0 sows (farrow to feeder) x 522 lbs. 0 lbs
0 head (finishing only) x 135 lbs. 0 lbs
1200 sows (farrow to wean) x 433 lbs. 519600 lbs
0 head (wean to feeder) x 30 lbs. 0 lbs
TOTAL STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT (SSLW) 519600 lbs
2. MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 519600 lbs. SSLW x Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. SSLW
Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. SSLW= I CF/lb. SSLW
Volume = 519600 cubic feet
3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
Volume 0.0 cubic feet ; "Owner requests no sludge storage.
Sludge will be removed as needed.,,
4. TOTAL DESIGN VOLUME
inside top length 430.D feet Inside top width 230.0 feet
Top of dike at elevation 43.1 feet
Freeboard 1.0 feet ; Side slopes 3.0 : I (Inside lagoon)
Total design lagoon liquid level at elevation 42.1 feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation 32.1 feet
Seasonal high water table elevation feet 37,6
Total design volume using prismoidal formula
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDEI SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 424.0 224.0 10.0.
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH * WIDTH =
424.0 224.0 94976.0 (AREA OF TOP)
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH =
364.0 164.0 59696.0 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH WIDTH * 4
394.0 194.-0 305744.0 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. KhREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOKU DEPTH/6
94976.0 305744.0 59696.0 1.7

VOLUME OF LAGOON AT TOTP-.311 DIESIGN LIQUID LEVEL =
7-07360 CU. FT.
5. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA:
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * Width =
430.0 230.0 98900.0 square feet
Buildings (roof and lot water)
Length * Width =
0.0 0.0 0.0 square feet
TOTAL DA 98900.0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to be 180 days.
5A. Volume of waste produced
Approximate daily production of manure in CF/LB SSLW 0.00136
Volume = 519600 Lbs. SSLW * CP of Waste/Lb./Day 180 days
Volume = 126889 cubic feet
5B. Volume of wash water
This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume'
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate
the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A.
Volume = 0.0 gallons/day 180 days storage/7.48 gallons
per CF
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount.
180 days excess rainfall 7.0 inches
Volume 7.0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 57691.7 cubic feet

5D. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 6.8 inches / 12 inches per foot * DA
Volume = 55631.3 cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A.
126889
cubic
feet
5B.
0
cubic
feet
5C.
57692
cubic
feet
5D.
55631
cubic
feet
TOTAL 240212 cubic feet
6. SUMMARY
Total required volume 759812 cubic feet
Total design volume avail. 767360 cubic feet
Min. req. treatment volume plus sludge accumulation 519600 cubic feet
At elev. 39.4 feet ; Volume is 524013 cubic feet (end pumping)
Total design volume less 25yr-24hr storm is 711729 cubic feet
At elev. 41.4 feet ; Volume is 701825 cubic feet (start pumping)
Seasonal 49h water tab elevation 0.0 feet
pe.
7. DESIGNED BY: APPROVED
DATE: DATE: zz-
NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN

C0Kl:lNtwltNl
tvl�b IN%
bu'L'blHrc, 1plib sirq.
INvett'r or- "'T"t-T
T�O-ICAL VMW Or- P� DtAP-- 5TVCPP-
l&D-TTo0&2&r-
TO W I b-tK
-ro'r � L bps a
r
A 4.,2,1,
L t=- V I —
IDP
-c
,-eTrLt-� TOP 01-
*13'. 1 o \ e, & E I �
SLVPO�
S.!5
GIs
L
t�e �'t H
%oTTOtA ELEV.
Stl i,;. o ; L
c /�c 40

System Calibration
Information presented in manufacturers charts are based on average operation
conditions with relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and application rates change
over time as equipment gets older and components wear. In particular, pump wear
tends to reduce operating pressure and flow. With continued use, nozzle wear results in
an increase in the nozzle opening which will increase the discharge rate while
decreasing the wetted diameter.
You should be aware that operating the system differently than assumed in the design
will alter the application rate, diameter of coverage, and subsequently the application
uniformity. For example, operating the system with excessive pressure results in smaller
droplets, greater potential for drift, and accelerates wear of the sprinkler nozzle.
Clogging of nozzles can result in pressure increase. Plugged intakes or crystallization of
mainlines will reduce operating pressure. Operating below design pressure greatly
reduces the coverage diameter and application uniformity.
For the above reason, you should calibrate your equipment on a regular basis to ensure
proper application rates and uniformity. Calibration at least once every three years is
recommended. Calibration involves collecting and measuring flow at several locations in
the application area. Any number of containers can be used to collect flow and
determine the application rate. Rain gauges work best because they already have a
graduated scale from which to read the application amount without having to perform
additional calculations. However, pans, plastic buckets, jars, or anything with a uniform
opening and cross-section can be used provided the liquid collected can be easily
transferred to a scaled container for measuring.
For stationary sprinklers, collection containers should be located randomly throughout
the application area at several distances from sprinklers. For traveling guns, sprinklers
should be located along a transect perpendicular to the direction of pull. Set out
collection containers 25 feet apart along the transect on both sides of the gun cart. You
should compute the average application rate for all nonuniformity of the application. On
a windless day, variation between containers of more than 30 percent is cause for
concern. You should contact your irrigation dealer or technical specialist for assistance.
*Reprinted for Certification Training for Operations of Animal Waste Management Systems Manual

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage
levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is
dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as a
thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first sign of plant growth in the
later winter / early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done
whenever the land in dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available
in the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer / early fall the lagoon should be pumped
down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made
to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigated does
not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for
any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty
action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass
are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each
year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilized applied
should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a
soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be
fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by
mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This
should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather
conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the
lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon
and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should
include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes — look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

Lagoon surface — look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment — look for:
1 . settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability — slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack or vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon
dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave
action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon
may be used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon
has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a
threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps — check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need of repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that
you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your
pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will
allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is
not the time to think about switching, repairing, or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your
lagoon is full, your neighbors lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an
inventory of spare parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry ag surface drainage
waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot
runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage
structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that
which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that
hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the
following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an overflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into
the lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste
loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the
pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another
means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial
establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid
volume. This seeding should occur at least two weeks prior to the addition of
wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add
agricultural lime at the rate of I pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume
until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological
activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these
conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily
are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are
drained and recharged each day, also work well.

• Practice water conservation — minimize building water usage and spillage from
leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and
water conservation.
• Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce
the amount of solids entering the lagoon.
Management:
• Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full
temporary storage level.
• Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level
and the maximum liquid level. (Figure 2-1).
• Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient
requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the
summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer / early fall to
provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter.
• The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the
dam or embankment.
• Don not pump the lagoon liquid level lower than the permanent storage level unless
you are removing sludge.
• Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and
as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
• Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded
feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
• Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
• Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
• Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or
before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and
implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:
k,

proper lagoon sizing,
mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
have more nutrients,
have more odor, and
require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper - agitator impeller pump through large
- bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix
remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or
forageland; and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland;
dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon
to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to
dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil
incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and
crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage.
Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner
remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you
should stop the activity immediately and not resume until.you are sure that the sludge
can be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon
as possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal
content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low
phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the
chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test
phosphors, it should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus.
As with other wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
6

The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions
which could increase the concern of neighbors.
Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure.
Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach
of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility
for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
• Modification of the lagoon structure — an example is the placement of a pipe in the
dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design
before placing any pipes in dams.)
• Lagoon liquid levels — high levels are a safety risk.
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
• Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
• Liner integrity — protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or
rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large
discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.
7

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY (DWQ) (1/o- el'u-.5-100
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (EMS) NAY- 6 -319A
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SWCD) (IM-732-079
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) 51 An L -7 ?a - r1&-7x
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE (CES) Of -3;74
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or
leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort
to ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible
location for all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should
take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible.. Suggested
responses to some possible problems are listed below.
A. Lagoon overflow - possible solutions are:
a)
Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b)
Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
C)
Stop all flow to the lagoon immediately.
d)
Call a pumping contractor.
e)
Make sure no surface water is entedng lagoon.
B. Runoff from waste application field-aetions include:
a)
Immediately stop waste application.
b)
Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
C)
Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
d)
Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that cause the runoff.
e)
Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers - action include:
a)
Stop recycle pump.
b)
Stop irrigation pump.
C)
Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d)
Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D. Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators - action include:
a)
Stop recycle pump.
b)
Stop irrigation pump.
C)
Make sure siphon occurs.
d)
Stop all flow in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
E. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks -
possible action:
a)
Dig a small sump or ditch from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a submersible
pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b)
If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and
compact with a clay type soil.

C) Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and the lagoon bottom as soon
as possible.
2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage notes, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours call your DWQ regional office; Phone #, After hours,
emergency number: [phone]. Your phone call should include: your name, facility
number, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact
location of the facility, the location or direction of the movement of the spill, weather and
wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the
seriousness of the situation.
b. If the spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS phone number.
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CE's phone number, local SWCD office phone number and the local NRCS
office for advice / technical assistance phone number.
4. If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your problem to
them and ask the person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5. Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair or problem to minimize offsite damage.
a. Contractors Name: /OUIPAY &,Psvq "ce-
b. Contractors Address: A AA W ' VZ'I- 1, JJeo — .-,j A P*OW3*9
A Ar & - ~.- CA
c . Contractors Phone: 0?V2 t2f I
6. Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: AN A)e5-AePhv-'d*
b. Phone:
7. Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify
the damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep
problems with release of wastes from happening again.

INSECT CONTROL CHECKLIST FOR ANIMAL OPERATIONS
Source Cause BMPs to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
(Liquid Systems)
Flush Gutters AccumulaUon of solids -TFlush system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated
solids from gutters as designed.
) Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and Pits Crusted Solids ( wfMaintaln lagoons, settling basins and
pits where pest breeding is apparent to
minimize the crusting of solids to a depth
of no more than 6-8 inches over more than
30% of surface.
Excessive Decaying vegetation (,/)Maintain vegetative control along banks of
Vegetative Growth lagoons and other impoundment's to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter
along water's edge on impoundment's pedmeter.
(Dry Systems)
,le
Feeders Feed Spillage
(f Design, operate and maintain feed systems (e.g..
bunkers and troughs) to minimize the accumulation
9F decaying wastage.
(-rClean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
interval during summer; 15-30 day interval during winter).
Feed Storage Accumulation of feed
(J"Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
residues
immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
insuring drainage away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewers grain and similar high moisture grain
products).
(*;fnspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed.
Animal Holding Accumulation of animal
WEliminate low area that trap moisture along fences
Areas wastes and feed wastage
and other locations where waste accumulates and
. joisturbance by animals is minimal.
(4'Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e. inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids as needed).
MIC — November 11, 1996
10

Dry Manure Handling Accumulations of animal Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
Systems wastes interval during summer; 15-30 days interval during
winter) where manure is loaded for land application
or disposal.
Provide for adequate drainage around manure stockpiles
Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated wastes
in filter strips around stockpiles and manure handling
areas as needed.
The issues checked ( ) pertain to this operation. The landowner / integrator agrees to
use sound judgment in applying insect control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned insect control Best Management Practices have been
reviewed with me.
(Landowner Signature)
For more information contact the Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box
7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.
AMIC — November 11, 1996

SWINE FARM WASTE MANAGEMENT ODOR CONTROL CHECKLIST
Source
Cause
BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Farmstead
Swine production
( -f4egetative or wooded buffers:
-Kecommended best management
practices;
(..-<Good judgment and common sense
Animal body
Dirty manure
)Dry floors
surfaces
covered animals
Floor surfaces
Wet manure -covered
o0fttted floors;
floors
4�aterers located over slotted floors;
at high end of solid floors;
(�Ieders
crape manure buildup from floors;
)Underfloor ventilation for drying
Manure collection
Urine
(wIrrequent manure removal by flush, pit
pits
recharge or scrape
Partial microbial
)Underfloor ventilation
decomposition
Ventilation
Volatile gases
G41�an maintenance;
exhaust fans
Dust
Afficient air movement
111*1
Indoor surfaces
Dust
(e"ashdown between groups of animals
(i )Feed additives;
)Feeder covers;
)Feed delivery downspout extenders to
feeder covers
Flush Tanks
Agitation of recycled )Flush tank covers
lagoon liquid while tanks
( )Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks
are filling
I with anti -siphon vents
Flush alleys
Agitation during waste
( )Underfloor flush with underfloor
water conveyance ventilation
Pit recharge
Agitation of recycled ( )Extend recharge lines to near bottom of
points
lagoon liquid while pits
pits with anti -siphon vents
are filling
Lift stations
Agitation during sump
( )Sump tank covers
tank filling and drawdown
Outside drain
Agitation during waste
( )Box Covers
collection or
water conveyance
junction boxes
End of drain
Agitation during waste
( )Extend discharge point of pipes
pipes at lagoon
water
underneath lagoon liquid level
"Oe
Lagoon surfaces
Volatile gas emissions
:Orcro per lagoon liquid capacity
Biological mixing
( orrect lagoon startup procedures
Agitation
( Winimpm surface area -to -volume
ratio (.olMinimum agitation when
pumping
)Mechanical aeration
113roven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler
High pressure agitation
(-O)l i t dry days with little or no wind
nozzles
Wind draft
inimum recommended operation pressure
ump intake near lagoon liquid surface
)Pump from second -stage lagoon
AMOC - November 11, 1996

Storage tank or
Partial microbial
( )Bottom or midlevel loading
basin surface
decomposition Mixing while
( )Tank covers
filling Agitation when emptying(
)Basin surface mats of solids
( )Proven biological additives or oxidants
Settling basin
Partial microbial decom-
( )Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid
surface
position Mixing while filling
level
Agitation when emptying
( )Remove settled solids regularly
Manure, slurry or
Agitation when spreading
( )Soil injection of slurry/sludges
sludge spreader
Volatile gas emissions
( )Wash residual manure from spreader after use
outlets
( )Proven biological additives or oxidants
Dead animals
Carcass decomposition
mProper disposition of carcasses
Dead animal
Carcass decomposition
��mplete covering of carcasses in burial pits
disposal pits
( �Proper location / construction of disposal pits
Incinerators
Incomplete combustion
( )Secondary stack burners
Standing water
improper drainage
( )Farm access road
around facilities
maintenance Microbial decomposition of away from
fircjfibim matter
Manure tracked
Poorly maintained access
(.-IFarm access road maintenance
onto public roads
roads
from farm access
Additional Information: Available From:
Swine Manure Management 0200 Rule / BMP Packet NCSU-County Extension Center
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies, EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management:Pit Recharge —Lagoon Treatment:EBAE128-88NCSU-BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: U nderfloor Fluse-Lagoon Treatment 129-88NCSU-BAE
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE103-83NCSU-BAE
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33 NCSU-Swine Extension
Environmental Assurance Program: NPPC Manual NC Pork Producers Assoc
Options for Managing Odor; a report from the Swine Odor Task Force NCSU Agri Communication
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PRO101, Florida Cooperative Extension
1995 Conference Proceedings
The issues checked ( ) pertain to this operation. The landowner / integrator agrees to
use sound judgment in applying odor control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned odor control Best Management Practices have been
reviewed with me.
(Landowner Signature)
13