710021_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Please do not leave any question unanswere&L Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below.
Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee.
1. Farm Number: 71-0021 Certificate Of Coverage Number: :A LlSi i UIl? I
2. Facility Name: A & G Smith Farms #3
3. Landowner's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan): Glenda W Smith
4. Landowner's Mailing Address: 100! Sampson Acres Dr
City: Clinton State: NC Zip: 28328-0337
Telephone Number: 910-540-4004 Ext. E-mail:
5. Facility's Physical Address: 2846 Indian Hill Rd
City: Ivanhoe State: NC Zip: 28447
6. County where Facility is located: Fender
7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner):
8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code):
9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"): MLlmhv-Brown LLC
10. Operator Name (OIC): Phone No.: OIC #:
11. Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12. Indicate animal operation type and number:
Current Permit:
Operation 'fines:
Operations Type Allowable Count
Swine - Wean to Feeder 2,600
Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Other Types
Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Horses - Horses
Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Horses - Other
Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Sheep - Sheep
Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Sheep - Other
Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Peatr,
Gilts Other Non Laying Pullet
Other Layers

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
Structure
Name
Estimated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay, Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
"Redline"
(Inches)
KP1
(
\ -1Vc
(` ► \I
) C3Vt\ o fl
\(k 5r
20.00
J
Mail one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.10C(d) to the address below.
The CAWMP must include the following components:
1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP) sinned by the owner and a certified technical specialist, containing:
a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.)
b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
c. The soil series present on every land application field
d. The crops grown on every land application field
e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
f. The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
h. The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. A site map/schematic
3. Emergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the
application and all the CAWMP items above to: [e-mail]

I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes
representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per vi
Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than
a similar offense.)
Printed Name of Signing Official (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign.
corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation):
Name: 6 t e r ck \I St V .-1- Y7 Title: 0(0 in e/t,
Signature: �iLd (J��� Fyleciel' Date: "Vl L tt �g 20 17
Name:
Signature:
Name:
Signature:
Title:
Date:
Title:
Date:
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
. I understand that,
attachments are not
any false statement,
olation. (18 U.S.C.
5 years, or both for
If Landowner is a
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 02/2019

ROY COOPER
Governor
MICHAEL S. REGAN
5ecrefary
LINDA CULPEPPER
Director
NORTH CAROLINA
Environmental Quality
February 27, 2019
Glenda W Smith
A & G Smith Farms #3
1001 Sampson Acres Dr
Clinton, NC 28328-0337
Subject: Application for Renewal of Coverage for Expiring State General Permit
Dear Permittee:
Your facility is currently approved for operation under one of the Animal Waste Operation State Non -Discharge General Permits,
which expire on September 30, 2019. Copies of the new animal waste operation State Non -Discharge General Permits are available
at https://deq.ne.gov/about/divisions/water-resottrceslwater-quality-regional-operations/afo or by writing or calling:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
In order to assure your continued coverage under the State Non -Discharge General Permits. you must submit an application for
permit coverage to the Division. Enclosed you will find a "Request for Certificate of Coverage Facility Currently Covered by an
Expiring State Non -Discharge General Permit." The application form must be completed. signed and returned by April 3, 2019.
Please note that you must include one (I) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with the
completed and signed application form. A list of items included in the CAWMP can be found on page 2 of the renewal
application form.
Failure to request renewal of your coverage under a general permit within the time period specified may result in a civil penalty.
Operation of your facility without coverage under a valid general permit would constitute a violation of NCGS 143-215.1 and could
result in assessments of civil penalties of up to $25,000 per day.
If you have any questions about the State Non -Discharge General Permits, the enclosed application, or any related matter please feel
free to contact the Animal Feeding Operations Branch staff at 919-707-9100.
Enclosures
cc (w/o enclosures):
Sincerely,
Jon Risgaard, Section Chief
Animal Feeding Operations and Groundwater Section
Wilmington Regional Office, Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Pender County Soil and Water Conservation District
AFOG Section Central Files - AWS710021
Murphy -Brown LLC
North Corohns Deportment of Envronmental Quality I Divson of Water Resources
512 N. Soksbu y St. 11636 Mae§Steno* Center I Rads� North Carolina 27699-1636
919 70794DO

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
NITROGEN ONLY & ANIMAL WASTE ONLY PLAN
PRODUCER: A & G (Indian Hill) Glenda Smith
LOCATION: 1001 Sampson Acres Drive Clinton NC 28328
TELEPHONE: [phone]
TYPE OPERATION: Swine Nursey
Anaerobic lagoon
NUMBER OF ANIMALS: 2,600
(Design Capacity)
The waste from your animal facility must be land applied at a specified rate to prevent pollution of
surface and/or groundwater. The plant nutrients in the animal waste should be used to reduce the
amount of commercial fertilizer required for the crops in the fields where the waste is to be applied. This
waste utilization plan uses nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. Waste should be analyzed before each
application cycle. Annual soil tests are strongly encouraged so that all plant nutrients can be balanced
for realistic yields of the crop to be grown.
Several factors are important in implementing your waste utilization plan in order to maximize the
fertilizer value of the waste and to ensure that it is applied in an environmentally safe manner. Always
apply waste based on the needs of the crop to be grown and the nutrient content of the waste. Do not
apply more nitrogen than the crop can utilize. Soil types are important as they have different infiltration
rates, leaching potentials, cation exchange capacities, and available water holding capacities. Normally
waste shall not be applied to land eroding at greater than 5 tons per acre per year. With special
precautions, waste may be applied to land eroding at up to 10 tons per year. Do not apply waste on
saturated soils, when it is raining, or when the surface is frozen. Either of these conditions may result in
runoff to surface waters which is not allowed under NCDENR regulations. Wind conditions should also
be considered to avoid drift and downwind odor problems. To maximize the value of nutrients for crop
production and to reduce the potential for pollution, the waste should be applied to a growing crop or
applied not more than 30 days prior to planting a crop or forages breaking dormancy. Injecting the waste
or disking will conserve nutrients and reduce odor problems.
This plan is based on the waste application method shown above. If you choose to change methods in
the future, you need to revise your plan. Nutrient levels for different application methods are not the
same.
The estimated acres needed to apply the animal waste is based on typical nutrient content for this type
of facility. In some cases you may want to have plant analysis made, which could allow additional waste
to be applied. Provisions shall be made for the area receiving waste to be flexible so as to accommodate
changing waste analysis content and crop type. Lime must be applied to maintain pH in the optimum
range for specific crop production.
This waste utilization plan, if carried out, meets the requirements for compliance with 15A NCAC
2H.0217 adopted by the Environmental Management Commission.
Page 1

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
Amount of Waste Produced Per Year toallons. ft. tons. etc,)
2,600 animals 191
(gal) waste/animal per year 496,600 (gal) waste/year
Amount of Plant Available Nitrogen (PAN) Produced Per Year
496,600 gallons x
Guide Std. 633)
1.8 Ib.s PAN/1000 gallons irrigated or broadcast 894 lbs. PAN/year. (PAN from N.C. Tech
Applying the above amount of waste is a big job. You should plan time and have appropriate equipment to apply the waste in a timely manner.
The following acreage will be needed for waste application based on the crop to be grown and surface application:
Tract
Field
No.
Soil
Tvoe
Table 1:
Crop
ACRES OWNED BY PRODUCER
Lbs. N
Acres
Lbs. N
Month of
156
1
Goldsboro
Pearl Millet
209
11.300
2.361 70
+nppii..uuuii
' 4/1 - 9/15
156
1
Goldsboro
Cerea/Rye O/S
75
11.300
847.50
10/1 - 3/31
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
_
0
_
0
3,209.20—
Total
Volume applied (gal)
Volume Surplus/Deficit
PAN Surplus/Deficit
1,090,634.00
— (2,315.20)
*This N is from animal waste only. if nutrients from other sources such as commercial fertilizer are applied, they must be accounted for. N must be
based on realistic yield expectation.
NOTE: The applicator is cautioned that P and K may be over applied while meeting the N requirements. Beginning in 1996 the Coastal Zone
Management Act will require farmers in some eastern counties of North Carolina to have a nutrient management plan that addresses all nutrients.
This plan only addresses Nitrogen.
Page 2

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN AGREEMENT
Name of Farm: A & G Smith Farms
43
Owner/ Manager Agreement
I (we) understand and will follow and implement the specifications and the operation and
maintenance procedures established in the approved animal waste utilization plan for the farm
named above. I (we) know that any expansion to the existing design capacity of the waste
treatment and storage system or construction of new facilities will require a new certification to
be submitted to the Division of Environment Management (DEM) before the new animals are
stocked. I (we) also understand that there must be no discharge of animal waste from this
system to surface waters of the state from a storm event less severe than the 25-year, 24-hour
storm. The approved plan will be filed on -site at the farm office and at the office of the local
Soil and Water Conservation District and will be available for review by DEM upon request.
Name of Facility Owner:
(Please print)
Gknds d-arc{+ is r4-11
Signature: g �� 1't.LIL) Date:
Name of Manager (If different from owner):
.Va L7, zol$
Signature: Date:
Name of Technical Specialist: (Please print) Max Knowles
Affiliation: NC Cooperative Extension
Address (Agency): 55 Agriculture Place Clinton NC 28328
Signature: I Date: ' /1 7
Page 8

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
See attached map showing the fields to be used for the utilization of waste water.
Application of Waste by Irrigation
Field Soil Type Crop Application
No. Rate (in/hr)
Field 1
Goldsboro
Pearl Millet/Cereal G/Rye
0.5
Application
Amount (In.)"
1.0
The irrigation application rate should not exceed the intake rate of the soil at the time of irrigation such that runoff or ponding occurs. This
rate is limited by initial soil moisture content, soil structure, soil texture, water droplet size, and organic solids. The application amount
should not exceed the available waster holding capacity of the soil at the time of irrigation nor should the plant available nitrogen applied
exceed the nitrogen needs of the crop.
If surface irrigation is the method of land application for this plan, it is the responsibility of the producer and irrigation designer to ensure
that an irrigation system is installed to properly irrigate the acres shown in the tables. Failure to apply the recommended rates and
amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid.
*This is the maximum application amount allowed for the soil assuming the amount of nitrogen allowed for the crop is not over applied. In
many situations, the application amount shown cannot be applied because of the nitrogen limitation. The maximum application amount
shown can be applied under the optimum soil conditions.
Call the local Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly Soil Conservation Service) or Soil and Water
Conservation District office after you receive the waste analysis report for assistance in determining the
amount per acre to apply and the proper application rate prior to applying the waste.
Your facility is designed for >180 days of temporary storage and the temporary storage must be removed on
the average of once every 6 months. In no instance should the volume of the waste stored in your structure
be within the 25 year 24 hour storm storage or one foot of freeboard except in the event of the 25 year 24
hour storm. It is the responsibility of the producer and waste applicator to ensure that the spreader
equipment is operated properly to apply the correct rates to the acres shown in the tables. Failure to apply
the recommended rates and amounts of nitrogen shown in the tables may make this plan invalid. Call your
technical specialist after you receive the waste analysis report for assistance in determining the amount of
waste per acre and the proper application prior to applying the waste.
Page 4

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift, manmade
conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during operation or land application. Any
discharge of waste which reaches surface water is prohibited.
2 There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns or has an
agreement for use of adequate land on which to properly apply the waste. If the producer
does not own adequate land to properly dispose of waste, he/she shall provide a copy of an
agreement with a landowner who is within a reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the use of
the land for waste application. It is the responsibility of the owner of the facility to secure an
update of the Waste Utilization Plan when there is a change in the operation, increase in the
number of animals, method of application, receiving crop type, or available land.
3 Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs for realistic crop
yields based on soil type, available moisture, historical data, climatic conditions, and level of
management, unless there are regulations that restrict the rate of application for other
nutrients.
4 Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding Tess than 5 tons per acre per year. Waste may
be applied to land that is eroding at 5 or more tons, but less than 10 tons per acre per year
providing grass filter strips are installed where runoff leaves the field. (See FOTG Standard
393 - Filter Strip).
5 Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or disking after waste application. Waste should
not be applied when there is danger of drift from the irrigation field.
6 When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, it will be soil incorporated on
conventionally tilled cropland. When applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the
waste may be broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone to
flooding. (See "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance.)
7 Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate such that runoff
does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a method which does not cause drift from the
site during application. No ponding should occur in order to control odor or flies.
8 Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events, or when the surface
is frozen.
Page 5

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
(continued)
9 Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that the crop is not
covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth. The potential for salt damage from
animal waste should also be considered.
10 Waste nutrients shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted crops on soils with a
high potential for leaching. Waste nutrient loading rates on these soils should be held to a
minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall
not be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages breaking dormancy.
11
Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with the following: The
outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from a lagoon that is a component
of a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal.
Animal waste other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995, shall not
be applied closer than 25 feet to perennial waters. (See Standard 393 - Filter Strips).
Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
12 Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than those owned by
the landowner.
13 Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public right-of-ways.
Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways, or wetlands by
14 discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be applied to prior converted cropland
provided they have been approved as a lend application site by a "technical specialist".
Animal waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly into water
courses, and on other grassed waterways, waste shall be applied at agronomic rates in a
15 manner that causes no runoff or drift from the site.
16
Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets, sinks, etc., shall not
be discharged into the animal waste management system.
Page 6

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
REQUIRED SPECIFICATIONS
(continued)
17 A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed areas (lagoon
embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas shall be fenced as necessary to protect the
vegetation. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc., are limited to
areas where considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and accessible.
Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for evidence of erosion, leakage or
discharge.
18 If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the owner is responsible
for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal
discharge, pollution and erosion.
Waste handling structures, piping pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected on a regular basis to
19 prevent breakdowns, Teaks and spills. A regular maintenance checklist should be kept on site.
Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other crops for direct
human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for direct human
consumption it should only be applied pre -plant with no further applications of animal waste
20 during the crop season.
Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom elevations of the
temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be
managed to maintain the liquid level between the markers. A marker will be required to mark
the maximum storage volume for waste storage ponds.
21
Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least once every
three years at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the rate -
determining nutrient, unless other restrictions require waste to be applied based on other
nutrients, resulting in a lower application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper
levels in the soil shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when these metals
approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted for optimum crop production and maintained.
22 Records shall be kept For at least three (3) years for state general permits. Poultry dry waste
application records shall be maintained for three (3) years. Records shall be kept for at least
five (5) years for NPDES permits. Waste application records for all other waste shall be
maintained for five (5) years.
23
Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina regulations.
Page 7

Crop Notes
The following crop note applies to fields,
Cereal/Annual Rye O erseeded — Grazed
CEREAL RYE
The cereal rye should be planted by October 15 to provide the best opportunity to get winter growth. The
most consistent stands are obtained from drilling rye into short (less than 3 inches tall) bermudagrass sod.
Ifdrilling is not possible, the seeds may be broadcast on short bermuda sod followed by a light
cultivation with a disc or tillage implement. The seeding rate for broadcast planting of seeds should be
1.5 times the rate for drilled seeds. The last application of animal waste is to be applied to the bermuda
prior to August 31_ An application of 50 lbs/acre of Plant Available N (PAN) may be applied between
September 15 and October 30. An additional 50 lbs.acre of PAN tray be applied in February -March_ If
rye rowtb is harvested on time and does not significantly shade the berrnuda, PAN rates for the
subsequent bermuda crop are based on realistic yields of bermuda_ A harvest is required prior to heading
or April 7, which ever comes first. This is necessary to minimize the potential for shading bermuda and
reducing its yields. The PAN rate for grazed systems with bermuda overseeded with cereal rye must be
reduced by 25%.
ANNUAL RYEGRASS
Annual ryegrrass should be planted by October 15 to provide the best opportunity to get winter growth.
The most consistent stands are obtained from drilling ryegrass into short (less than 3 inches tall)
bermudagrass sod. If drilling is not possible, the seeds may be broadcast on short bermuda sod followed
by a light cultivation with a disc or tillage implement. The seeding rate for broadcast planting of seeds
should be 1,5 times the rate for drilled seeds. The last application of anal waste is to be applied to the
bermuda prior to August 31. An application of 50 lbs/acre of PAN may be applied between September
15 and October 30. An additional 50 lbs. acre of PAN may be applied in February -March. If additional
PAN is applied to the ryegrass in April -May, the PAN rate for the bermuda must be reduced by a
corresponding amount. This is necessary because ryegrass growth during April -May will reduce
bermuda yields and shorten the time bermuda can frilly utilize the N. A harvest is required by heading or
April 7, which ever comes first to prevent shading of enzerghig bermuda during April -May period. To
favor the production of the bermuda, additional harvests of ryegrass will be required when the ryegrass
canopy reaches 12 to 15 inches height_ The PAN rate for grazed systems with bermuda overseeded with
annual ryegrass must be reduced by 25%.
The following crop note applies to fields;
Pearl Millett: No Comment
723132 Database Version 3.1 Date Pa 'ailed: 99-19-2016 Crop Note Page 1 of 1

WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
Table 1: ACRES OWNED BY PRODUCER
Tract Field Soil Crop Lbs. N Acres
# # Type Per Acre*
156
1
Goldsboro
Pearl Millet
209
11.300
Lbs. N Month of
Utilized Application
2,361.70
4/1 - 9/15
156
1
Goldsboro
Cerea/Rye O/S
75
11.300
847.50
10/1 - 3/31
TOTAL 3209.2
Page 10

i9-4C 3
"ioasys:
!3� 7/ - '21
)17
F
4Q443
cevii

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY (DWQ) (Pp y33 3300
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (EMS)
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SWCD) r Sf 1 etr3
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) i c 3
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE (CES)
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or
leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort
to ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible
location for all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should
take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible. Suggested
responses to some possible problems are listed below.
A. Lagoon overflow - possible solutions are:
a) Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b) Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
c) Stop all flow to the lagoon immediately.
d) Call a pumping contractor.
e) Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B. Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
a) Immediately stop waste application.
b) Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
c) Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
d) Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that cause the runoff.
e) Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers - action include:
a) Stop recycle pump.
b) Stop irrigation pump.
c) Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d) Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D. Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators - action include:
a) Stop recycle pump.
b) Stop irrigation pump.
c) Make sure siphon occurs.
d) Stop all flow in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
E. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks -
possible action:
a) Dig a small sump or ditch from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a submersible
pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b) If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and
compact with a clay type soil.
8

c) Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and the lagoon bottom as soon
as possible.
Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage notes, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours call your DWQ regional office; Phone #, After hours,
emergency number: [phone]. Your phone call should include: your name, facility
number, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact
location of the facility, the location or direction of the movement of the spill, weather and
wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the
seriousness of the situation.
b. If the spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS phone number.
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CE's phone number, local SWCD office phone number and the local NRCS
office for advice / technical assistance phone number.
4. If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriff's Department and explain your problem to
them and ask the person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5. Contact the contractor of your choice to begin
repair or problem to minimize offsite damage.
a. Contractors Name: ] -i-k-cIA
b. Contractors Address: t„ t j ') 0L
c. Contractors Phone: 910 3qS 3i1T' j
6. Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: M'u k�]O.I/ i
b. Phone: 1 )0 i /6 (IN
7. Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify
the damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep
problems with release of wastes from happening again.
9

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects Site Specific Practices
Flush gutters
Liquid Systems
• Accumulation of solids Flush system is designed and operated sufficiently
to remove accumulated solids from gutters as
designed
0 Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and pits Crusted solids
0 Maintain lagoons, settling basins and pits where
pest breeding is apparent to minimize the crusting
of solids to a depth of no more than 6 to 8 inches
Dyer more than 30 percent of surface
Excessive vegetative • Decaying vegetation
growth
Maintain vegetative control along banks of
lagoons and other impoundments to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter along
water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
Dry Systems
Feeders • Feed spillage 0 Design, operate, and maintain feed systems
(e.g., bunkers and troughs) to minimize the
accumulation of decaying wastage
0 Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g., 7- to 10-
day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day interval
during winter)
AMIC - November 11, 1996, page 1

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects
Feed storage • Accumulations of feed O Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
residues immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
ensuring drainage is away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
products)
0 Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed
Animal holding areas • Accumulations of animal 0 Eliminate low areas that trap moisture along fences
wastes and feed wastage and other locations where waste accumulates and
disturbance by animals is minimal
O Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e., inspect for and remove or break up
accumulated solids as needed)
Dry manure handling • Accumulations of animal O Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g.,
systems wastes 7- to 10-day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day
interval during winter) where manure is loaded for
land application or disposal
O Provide for adequate drainage around manure
stockpiles
O Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
wastes in filter strips around stockpiles and manure
handling areas as needed
Site Specific Practices
For more information contact:
Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.
AMIC - November 11, 1996, page 2

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Farmstead
Cause
• Swine production
Animal body
surfaces
• Dirty manure -covered
animals
BMPs to Minimize Odor
2' Vegetative or wooded buffers
commended best management practices
od judgment and common sense
0 Dry floors
Site Specific Practices
Floor surfaces
• Wet manure -covered floors
Sj,etteci floors
Waterers located over slotted floors
❑ Feeders at high end of solid floors
❑ Scrape manure buildup from floors
❑ Underfloor ventilation for drying
Manure collection
pits
• Urine
• Partial microbial
decomposition
• Volatile gases
• Dust
Ventilation exhaust
fans
Frequent manure removal by flush, pit recharge,
or scrape
❑ inderfloor ventilation
maintenance
icient air movement
Indoor surfaces
• Dust
I9' Washdown between groups of animals
❑ Feed additives
❑ Feeder covers
❑ Feed delivery downspout extenders to feeder
covers
Flush tanks
Flush alleys
• Agitation of recycled lagoon ❑ Flush tank covers
liquid while tanks are filling ❑ Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks with
anti -siphon vents
• Agitation during wastewater ❑ Underfloor flush with underfloor ventilation
conveyance
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 1

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source Cause BMPs to Minimize Odor
Pit recharge points • Agitation of recycled lagoon O Extend recharge lines to near bottom of pits with
liquid while pits are filling anti -siphon vents
Site Specific Practices
Lift stations
• Agitation during sump tank O Sump tank covers
filling and drawdown
Outside drain • Agitation during wastewater O Box covers
collection or junction conveyance
boxes
End of drainpipes • Agitation during wastewater O Extend discharge point of pipes underneath
at lagoon conveyance 1agoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces
• Volatile gas emissions
• Biological mixing
• Agitation
per lagoon liquid capacity
Correct lagoon startup procedures
O Minimum surface area -to -volume ratio
O Minimum agitation when pumping
a Mechanical aeration
O Proven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler • High pressure agitation
nozzles
• Wind drift
Irrigate on dry days with little or no wind
Minimum recommended operating pressure
Pump intake near lagoon liquid surface
a Pump from second -stage lagoon
Storage tank or
basin surface
•
•
• Agitation when emptying
Partial microbial
decomposition
Mixing while filling
O Bottom or midlevel loading
O Tank covers
O Basin surface mats of solids
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 2

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Settling basin surface
Cause
• Partial microbial
decomposition
■ Mixing while filling
• Agitation when emptying
BMPs to Minimize Odor
O Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid level
O Remove settled solids regularly
Site Specific Practices
Manure, slurry, or
sludge spreader
outlets
• Agitation when spreading
• Volatile gas emissions
O Soil injection of slurry/sludges
O Wash residual manure from spreader after use
0 Proven biological additives or oxidants
Uncovered manure,
slurry, or sludge on
field surfaces
• Volatile gas emissions while
drying
O Soil injection of slurry/sludges
O Soil incorporation within 48 hours
0 Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying
O P 'oven biological additives or oxidants
Dead animals
■ Carcass decomposition
Proper disposition of carcasses
Dead animal disposal • Carcass decomposition
pits
O Complete covering of carcasses in burial pits
O Proper location/construction of disposal pits
Incinerators
• Incomplete combustion
O Secondary stack burners
Standing water
around facilities
• Improper drainage
• Microbial decomposition of
organic matter
O Grade and landscape such that water drains away
from facilities
Manure tracked onto • Poorly maintained access
public roads from roads
farm access
Farm access road maintenance
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 3

Additional Information:
Swine Manure Management; .0200 Rule/BMP Packet
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies; EBAE Fact Sheet
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge —Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 128-88
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underfloor Flush —Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 129-88
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE 103-83
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33
Environmental Assurance Program; NPPC Manual
Options for Managing Odor; a report from the Swine Odor Task Force
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PRO107, 1995 Conference Proceedings
Available From:
NCSU, County Extension Center
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU— Swine Extension
N.C. Pork Producers Assoc.
NCSU Agricultural Communications
Florida Cooperative Extension
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 4

Mortality Management Methods
Version —November 26, 2018
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus .secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
El ID
El El
o' o
nn
El El
El 1=1
El El
Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
138 .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ_
In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health,
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance. -
■ Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
Signature of Farm Owner/Manager Date
3/D7 I ci
Signature of Technical Specialist Date

. rotor :TOM Dl_UBOSE County: PENDER
Date: 08/31/95
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner) 1000 .0 foe:t
1. AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW)
O sows (farrow to finish) x 1417 lbs. W. 0 1b
O sows (farrow to feeder) x 522 lbs, 0 lbs
O head (finishing only) x 135 lbs. 0 lbs
O sows (farrow to wean) x 433 lbs. __ 0 lbs
2600 head ( wean to feeder) x 30 lbs. - 78000 lbs
Describe other . 0
Total Average ! ive Weight. _. 78000 lbs
MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 78000 lbs. ALW x 'Treatment Volume( CF )/lb , ALW
Treatment Volume( CF )/lb . ALW- -= _ 1 CF/lb „ ALW
Volume = 78000 cubic feet
STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
4 TOTAL. DESIGNED VOLUME
Inside top length (feet) -
Inside top width (feet)
Top of dike elevation (feet)---___ .-_m._... -._-__
Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet)--w--- ._..M.._._
Freeboard (feet)-'_-- ._-_.._...- --. __..__
Side slopes (inside lagoon) --
Total design volume using prismoidal formula
145.0
135.0
49.0
37.0
1.0
2.5 1
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 140.0 130.0 11.0
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH :< WIDTH =
140.0 130.0
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH
3.5.0 75.0
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH * WIDTH * 4
112.5 102.5
18200 (AREA OF TOP)
6375 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
46125 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. _ [AREA TOP -I- (4*AREA MIDSECTION) AREA BOTTOM] * DEPPTH/6
18200.0 46125.0 6375.0 1.8
Total Designed Volume Available 129617 CU. FT.

TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * WidthI
145 . 135.0 19575.0 square feet
Buildings (roof and lot water)
0.0 square feet Describe this area.
TOTAL DA 19575.0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to ,be 180 days.
5A. Volume of waste produced
Feces & urine production in gal./day per 135 lb. ALW 1.37
Volume - 78000 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW * 1.37 gal/day 180 days
Volume = 142480 gals. or 19048.1 cubic feet
50. Volume of wash water
This i.s the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate
the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A.
Volume 0.0 gallons/day * 180 days storage/7.48 gallons
per OF
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount.
180 days excess rainfall -- 8.0 inches
Volume _= 8.0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 13050.0 cubic feet

Volume of 25 ;year - 24 hour storm
Volume
Volume
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
58
5 D
TOTAL
SUMMARY
8.0 inches / 12 inches
19048 cubic feet
0 cubic feet
13050 cubic feet
13050 cubic feet
45148 cubic feet
per foot w
Temporary storage periodperiod====================>
Rainfall ell in excess of ovaporat1.o'n::: =.-===w=:=:=j
25 ear - 24 hour rainfall==_w.T.._=__=__=_._V..== >
__ _, _ _.-.-._ __.�, w_ __ __.._ = _ =.._ = _._.._ _...w ._ ._ =._. _..._ =
side : ).c.,pe ==== = ===, --==w _. ..::=-::v::- == >
Inside top .1enoth==
-.__==____ _.= ==.._w.=_...._== >
Inside top width===ti====w= :-.:=: ====__=__==_..=_..==
Bottom of lagoon elwvaticn==w.:==========mm ==W:W:
Total required volume==== =========.======.. ==>
Actual design volume=============M:.;yW= z-..-==„>i
Seasonal high watertable elevation (SHUT )===>
Stop pumping e1ev , _._. ____=_..m_=_____==_--_____= =
Must be > or = to the SHNT elev , ===== - ==>
Must be > or = to min. req. treatment el „=>
Required minimum treatment volume===========>
Volume at atop pumping elevation============>
Start pumping elev .--._.__=___=__==.___=_===_w >
DA
l80 drys
8 • che:
2.5
145.0
135.0
49.0
37.0
123148
129617
44.0
45.0
44.0
43.0
78000
80867
47.2
Must be at bottom of freeboard & 75 y'r. „ rainfall
.actual volume less 25 yr.- 24 hr. . rainfall=-=>
Volume at start pumping elevation==== :=== ==>
Required volume to be pumped _.___.=_=_==_____=>
Actual volume planned to be ;pump d==========
Min„ thickness of soil liner when r quire d==
DESIGNED Y
APPROVED BY:
OAT ' 2. (7.-? DATA
NOTE: a95 ATTACHED WASTE E UT ""_LIZATIOIN PLAN!
COMMENTS:
116567
115484
32098
3 618
1.8
.
feet
feet
feet
feet
cu. ft.
cu. ft.
feet
feet
feet
feet
cu. ft.
cu. ft.
feet
cu. ft.
cu.. ft.
cu. ft.
cu.. ft.
fleet

SHEET 1 OF
OPERATION AND MAIIN`1 ENANCE PLANT
.Thi:s lagoon is designed for waste treatment enli (perma'nent. storage) and
180 days of temporary storage. The time required for the planned
i1"l F' d
� �
fluid level (permanent and temporary storage) to be reached may vary
due Lc sits conditions, weather, flushing operations, and the amount
of fresh water added to the system.
The designed temporary storage consists of 180 days storage for:
(1) waste from animals and (2) excess rainfall after evaporation. Also
included is storage for the 25 year ~ 24 hour storm for the location.
The volume of waste generated from a given number of animals will be
fairly constant throughout the year and from year to year, but excess
rainfall will vary from year to year • The 26 year rainfall will not
be a factor o consider in an annual pumping cycle, but this storage
volume must always b,e available.
A maximum elevation is determined in each design to begin
pumping and this is usually the outlet invert of pipe (s) from
building(s) ,. If the outlet pipe is not installed at the elevation to
begin pumping, a permanent marker must be installed at this elevation atiun
to indicate when pumping should begin. An elevation must be established
to stop pumping to maintain lagoon treatment depth.
Pumping c i n be started or stopped at a n y time bet rE :n these
% Ins C?
elevations for operating convenience as site conditions permit, such as
weather, soils, crop, and equipment in order to apply waste without
runoff cn- leaching.
Land application of waste water is recognized as an acceptable
method of disposal. Methods of application include solid set,
center pivot, guns, and traveling gun irrigation. Care should be
taken when applying waste to prevent damage to crops.
The following items are to be carried out:
1.. It is strongly recommended that the treatment lagoon be pre--
I
char aed to 1/2 its capacity to prevent excessive odors during
start-up. Pre -charging reduces the concentration of the initial
waste entering the lagoon thereby reducing odors. Solids should be
covered with effluent at all times. When precharging is complete,
flush buildings with recycled lagoon liquid. Fresh water should not
be used for flushing after initial.. filling.
2. The attached waste utilization plan shall be followed. This
plan recommends sampling and testing of waste (see attachment)
I
before land application.
3. Begin temporary storage pump -out of the lagoon when fluid level
reaches the elevation 47,2 as marked by permanent marker. Stop pump -
out when the fluid level reaches elevation 45.0 . This temporary
storage, less 25 yr " 24 hr storm, contains 32098 cubic feet or
240094 gallons.

SHEET" 2 OF 2
The recommended max mum amount to apply per irrigation is
one (1 ) inch and the recommended maximum application rate is 0.3
inch per hour. Refer to the waste utilization plan -[or further details.
5. Keep vegetation on the embankment', and areas adjacent to the
lagoon mowed annually. Vegetation should be fertilized as needed
to maintain a vigorous stand.
6. Repair any eroded areas or ar eec damaged by rodents and
establish in vene?tcation.
.' . All surface runoff is to be diverted from the lagoon to stable
outlets.
8. Keep a minimum of 25 feet of grass vegetated buffer around
waste utilization fields adjacent to perennial streams. Waste will
not be applied in open ditches. Do not pump within 200 feet of a
residence or within 100 feet of a well. Waste shall be applied in a
manner not to reach other property and public right-of-ways.
9. The Clean Water Act of 1977 prohibits the discharge of
pollutants into waters of the United States. The Department of
Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Environ-
mental Management, has the responsibility for enforcing this law.

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage
levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is
dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as a
thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first sign of plant growth in the
later winter 1 early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done
whenever the land in dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available
in the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer / early fall the lagoon should be pumped
down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made
to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigated does
not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for
any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty
action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
• Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass
are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each
year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilized applied
should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a
soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be
fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent.
• Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by
mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This
should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather
conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the
lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon
and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should
include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes -- look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes
2

Lagoon surface -- look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment -- look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability -- slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack or vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon
dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave
action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon
may be used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon
has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a
threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps -- check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need of repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that
you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your
pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will
allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is
not the time to think about switching, repairing, or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your
lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an
inventory of spare parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage
waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot
runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage
structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that
which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that
hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the
following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height
3

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an overflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into
the lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste
loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the
pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another
means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial
establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid
volume. This seeding should occur at least two weeks prior to the addition of
wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add
agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume
until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological
activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these
conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily
are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are
drained and recharged each day, also work well.
4

• Practice water conservation --- minimize building water usage and spillage from
leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and
water conservation.
• Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce
the amount of solids entering the lagoon.
Management:
• Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full
temporary storage level.
• Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level
and the maximum liquid level. (Figure 2-1).
• Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient
requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the
summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer / early fall to
provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter.
• The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the
dam or embankment.
• Don not pump the lagoon liquid level lower than the permanent storage level unless
you are removing sludge.
• Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and
as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
• Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded
feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
• Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
• Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
• Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or
before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and
implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:
5

• proper lagoon sizing,
• mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
• gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
• have more nutrients,
• have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper - agitator impeller pump through large
- bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix
remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or
forageland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland;
dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon
to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to
dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil
incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and
crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage.
Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner
remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you
should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge
can be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon
as possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal
content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low
phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the
chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test
phosphors, it should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus.
As with other wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
6

The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions
which could increase the concern of neighbors.
Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure.
Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach
of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility
for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
• Modification of the lagoon structure -- an example is the placement of a pipe in the
dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design
before placing any pipes in dams.)
Lagoon liquid levels -- high levels are a safety risk.
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
• Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
• Liner integrity -- protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or
rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large
discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.
7

System Calibration
Information presented in manufacturer's charts are based on average operation
conditions with relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and application rates change
over time as equipment gets older and components wear. In particular, pump wear
tends to reduce operating pressure and flow. With continued use, nozzle wear results in
an increase in the nozzle opening which will increase the discharge rate while
decreasing the wetted diameter.
You should be aware that operating the system differently than assumed in the design
will alter the application rate, diameter of coverage, and subsequently the application
uniformity. For example, operating the system with excessive pressure results in smaller
droplets, greater potential for drift, and accelerates wear of the sprinkler nozzle.
Clogging of nozzles can result in pressure increase. Plugged intakes or crystallization of
mainlines will reduce operating pressure. Operating below design pressure greatly
reduces the coverage diameter and application uniformity.
For the above reason, you should calibrate your equipment on a regular basis to ensure
proper application rates and uniformity. Calibration at least once every three years is
recommended. Calibration involves collecting and measuring flow at several locations in
the application area. Any number of containers can be used to collect flow and
determine the application rate. Rain gauges work best because they already have a
graduated scale from which to read the application amount without having to perform
additional calculations. However, pans, plastic buckets, jars, or anything with a uniform
opening and cross-section can be used provided the liquid collected can be easily
transferred to a scaled container for measuring.
For stationary sprinklers, collection containers should be located randomly throughout
the application area at several distances from sprinklers. For traveling guns, sprinklers
should be located along a transect perpendicular to the direction of pull. Set out
collection containers 25 feet apart along the transect on both sides of the gun cart. You
should compute the average application rate for all nonuniformity of the application. On
a windless day, variation between containers of more than 30 percent is cause for
concern. You should contact your irrigation dealer or technical specialist for assistance.
*Reprinted for Certification Training for Operations of Animal Waste Management Systems Manual