670056_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Please do not leave any question unanswered. Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below.
Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee.
1. Farm Number: 67-0056 Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS670056
2. Facility Name: Shepard Farm
3. Landowner's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan): Phillip Alton Shepard
4. Landowner's Mailing Address: 265 Holly Shelter Rd
City: Jacksonville State: NC Zip: 28540
Telephone Number: 910-330-7700 Ext. E-mail:
5. Facility's Physical Address: 255 Preston Wells Rd
City: Holly Ridge State: NC Zip: 28445
6. County where Facility is located: Onslow
7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner):
8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code):
9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"): Murphy -Brown LLC
10. Operator Name (OIC): Lv.,. ,,te�a, Bm,dri.e Phone No.: 9 t0: 3 OIC #: 16831
1�F;1(cp S1.�Qo-r� �}lb—,3a qa1�Yd
1. Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12. Indicate animal operation type and number:
Current Permit: Operations Type Allowable Count
Operation Types:
Swine - Farrow to Wean 750
Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Other Types
Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Horses - Horses
Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Horses - Other
Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Sheep - Sheep
Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Sheep - Other
Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Poultry
Gilts Other Non Laying Pullet
Other Layers

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
Structure
Name
Estimated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay, Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
"Redline"
(Inches)
LAGOON 41
'
'CAW),
C\a
(-1(4q(1e�6
pfk 72,O
20.00
Mail one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with thi completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.10C(d) to the address below.
The CAWMP must include the following components:
1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), signed by the owner and a certified technical specialist, containing:
a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.)
b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
c. The soil series present on every land application field
d. The crops grown on every land application field
e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
f The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
h. The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. A site map/schematic
3. Emergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the
application and all the CAWMP items above to; [e-mail]

I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that,
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement,
representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. (18 U.S.C.
Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for
a similar offense.)
Printed Name of Signing Official (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a
corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation):
Name: Title:
Signature:,
Date:
�uJr r
L-k\- \a1
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 02/2019

Animal Waste Management System Operator Designation Form
WPCSOCC
NCAC 15A 8F .0201
Facility/Farm Name: 5 a.tpe (c-1/4_ o—X P
Permit #: AW S lo"j'O 0 5 Lv Facility 11)#: l�l - 5 Le County: OY\ O LA-3
Operator In Charge (OIC)
Name: ? I<A‘ ;
First
She.par
Middle Last Jr, Sr, etc.
Cert Type/Numbers \t—)1€\R`6°1 aC4 Work Phone: ( ID )330 -t%of
Signature:X
Date: 4-1,1 1 9
"I certify that I agree to my designation as the Operatdr in Charge for the facility noted. I understand and will abide by the rules
and regulations pertaining to the responsibilities set forth in l5A NCAC 08F .0203 and failing to do so can result in Disciplinary
Actions by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification Commission."
Back-up Operator In Charge (Back-up OIC) (Optional)
First Middle Last Jr, Sr, etc.
Cert Type / Number: Work Phone: ( )
Signature: Date:
"I certify that I agree to my designation as Back-up Operator in Charge for the facility noted. I understand and will abide by the
rules and regulations pertaining to the responsibilities set forth in 15A NCAC 08F .0203 and failing to do so can result in
Disciplinary Actions by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification Commission."
Owner/Permittee Name: A J-\�\�� p �hcL
Phone #: AID )3 3 0 — O Fax#: ( )
Signature:
(Owuc ,'�.ath' ed� g- )
Date: —11
Mail or fax to:
WPCSOCC
1618 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1618
Fax: [phone]
(Retain a copy of this form for your records)
Revised 8/2007

Nutrient Management Plan For Animal Waste Utilization
05-18-2010
This plan has been prepared for:
Shepard Farm
Phillip Shepard
265 Holly Shelter Road
Jacksonville, NC 28540
910-346-6307
This plan has been developed by:
Donna Wallace
Onslow SWCD
Onsloni' County Multipurpose Complex
4028 Richlands Hwy
Jacksonville, NC 28540
10-455-4472 X 3
JOa,c_e___
Developer Signature
Type of Plan: Nitrogen Only with Manure Only
L k i— o o-o sw°r`
lot' of t i' 61 r il✓610
Owner/Manager/Producer Agreement Gt,f—i W c rn(„ ,,1,, j' S.'M
I (we) understand and agree`to the specifications and the operation and maintenance ,,,� -
procedures est b lished in this nutrient management plan which includes an animal
waste utilizatioh plan for the farm named above. I have read and understand the
Required Specifications concerning animal waste management that are included with
this plan.
pf it
Signature le
wner)
Date
Signature (manager or producer) Date
This plan meets the minimum standards and specifications of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service or the standard of practices
adopted by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission.
Plan Approved By: C tm krAl Ucct--teGe_e_ _
Technical Specialist Signature Date
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Cover Page 1

Nutrients applied in accordance with this plan will be supplied from the
following source(s):
Commercial Fertilizer is not included in this plan.
S9
Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid waste generated 2,402,250 gals/year by a
750 animal Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid operation. This production
facility has waste storage capacities of approximately 180 days.
Estimated Pounds of Plant Available Nitrogen Generated per Year
Broadcast
3707
Incorporated
6366
Injected
7011
Irrigated
4029
Max. Avail.
PAN (Ibs) *
Actual PAN
Applied (Ibs)
PAN Surplus/
Deficit (Ibs)
Actual Volume
Applied (Gallons)
Volume Surplus/
Deficit (Gallons)
Year 1
4,029
5255
-1,226
4,788,679
-2,386,429
Note: In source ID, S means standard source, U means user defined source.
* Max. Available PAN is calculated on the basis of the actual application method(s) identified in the plan for this source.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Source Page 1 of 1

•
The table shown below provides a summary of the crops or rotations included in this plan for each field. Realistic
Yield estimates are also provided for each crop in the plan. In addition, the Leaching Index for each field is shown,
where available.
Planned Crops Summary
Tract
Field
Total
Acres
Useable
Acres
Leaching
Index (LI)
Soil Series
Crop Sequence
RYE
2889
Z-01
2.18
2.18
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bemmdagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
2889
Z-02
2.14
2.14
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
2889
Z-03
2.21
2.21
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
2889
Z-04
2.03
2.03
N/A
Foreston
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
2889
Z-05
2.22
2.22
N/A
Foreston
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
2889
Z-06
2.03
2.03
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
2889
Z-07
2.17
2.17
N/A
Foreston
1/4
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
2889
Z-08
2.17
2.17
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bemmdagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
2889
Z-09
1.89
1.89
N/A
Foreston
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
PLAN TOTALS:
19.03 19.03 •
LI
Potential Leaching
Technical Guidance
2
Low potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
None
>= 2 &
10
Moderate potential to contribute to
soluble nutrient leaching below the root
zone.
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned.
> 10
High potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned. Other conservation practices that improve
the soils available water holding capacity and itnprove nutrient use efficiency should be
considered. Examples are Cover Crops (340) to scavenge nutrients, Sod -Based Rotations
(328), Long -Term No -Till (778), and edge -of -field practices such as Filter Strips (393) and
Riparian Forest Buffers (391).
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed 5/18/2010
PCS Page I of 1
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.

The Waste Utilization table shown below summarizes the waste utilization plan for this operation. This plan provides an estimate of the number of acres of
cropland needed to use the nutrients being produced. The plan requires consideration of the realistic yields of the crops to be grown, their nutrient requirements,
and proper timing of applications to maximize nutrient uptake.
This table provides an estimate of the amount of nitrogen required by the crop being grown and an estimate of the nitrogen amount being supplied by manure or
other by-products, commercial fertilizer and residual from previous crops. An estimate of the quantity of solid and liquid waste that will be applied on each field in
order to supply the indicated quantity of nitrogen from each source is also included. A balance of the total manure produced and the total manure applied is
included in the table to ensure that the plan adequately provides for the utilization of the manure generated by the operation.
ilization Table
Year 1
Tract
Field
Source
ID
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Applic.
Period
Nitrogen
PA
Nutrient
Req'd
(lbs/A)
Comm.
Fen.
Nutrient
Applied
(Ibs/A)
Res.
(Ibs/A)
Apphc.
Method
Manure
PA
Nutrient
Applied
(Ibs/A)
Liquid
ManureA
pplied
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
Liquid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
N
N
N
N
1000
gal/A
Tons
1000 gals
tons
2889
Z-01
S9
Foreston
2.18
2.18
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
64.92
0.00
2889
Z-01
S9
Foreston
2.18
2.18
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
355.78
0.00
2889
Z-02
S9
Foreston
2.14
2.14
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
133.91
0.00
2889
Z-02
S9
Foreston
2.14
2.14
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
733.82
0.00
2889
Z-03
S9
Foreston
2.21
2.21
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
65.94
0.00
2889
Z-03
S9
Foreston
2.21
2.21
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
361.34
0.00
2889
Z-04
S9
Foreston
2.03
2.03
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
8/1-7/31
182
0
0
Irrig.
182
108.51
0.00
220.27
0.00
2889
Z-05
S9
Foreston
2.22
2.22
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
8/1-7/31
182
0
0
Irrig.
182
108.51
0.00
240.77
0.00
2889
Z-06
S9
Foreston
2.03
2.03
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
60.51
0.00
2889
Z-06
S9
Foreston
2.03
2.03
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
331.61
0.00
2889
Z-07
S9
Foreston
2.17
2.17
Fescue Hay
4.0 Tons
8/1-7/31
182
0
0
Irrig.
182
108.51
0.00
235.46
0.00
2889
Z-08
S9
Foreston
2.17
2.17
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
64.69
0.00
2889
Z-08
S9
Foreston
2.17
2.17
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
354.48
0.00
2889
Z-09
S9
Foreston
1.89
1.89
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
29.81
0.00
56.25
0.00
2889
Z-09
S9
Foreston
1.89
1.89
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
6.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
274
0
0
Irrig.
274
163.35
0.00
308.25
0.00
673139 Database Version 3.1
Date Printed: 5/18/2010
WUT Page 1 of 2

Tract
Field
Source
In
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Applic.
Period
Nitrogen
PA
Nutrient
Req'd
(Ibs/A)
Comm.
Fen.
Nutrient
Applied
(Ibs/A)
Res.
(Ibs/A)
Applic.
Method
Manure
PA
Nutrient
Applied
(Ibs/A)
Liquid
ManureA
pplied
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
Liquid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
N
N
N
N
IOW
gal/A
Tons
1000 gals
tons
Total Applied, 1000 gallons
3,587.98
Total Produced, 1000 gallons
2,402.25
Balance, 1000 gallons
-1,185.73
Total Applied, tons
0.00
Total Produced, tons
0.00
Balance, tons
0.00
Notes: 1. In the tract column, — symbol means leased, otherwise, owned.
2. Symbol *means user entered data.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 5/18/2010 WUT Page 2 of 2

The Irrigation Application Factors for each field in this plan are shown in the following table. Infiltration rate varies
with soi Is. If applying waste nutrients through an irrigation system, you must apply at a rate that will not result in
runoff. This table provides the maximum application rate per hour that may be applied to each field selected to
receive wastewater. It also lists the maximum application amount that each field may receive in any one application
event.
Irrigation Application Factors
Tract
Field
Soil Series
Application Rate
(inches/hour)
Application Amount
(inches)
2889
Z-01
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-02
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-03
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-04
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-05
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-06
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-07
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-08
Foreston
0.50
1.0
2889
Z-09
Foreston
0.50
1.0
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed 5/18/2010
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.
IAF Page 1 of 1

The following Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization table provides an estimate of the number of acres needed for
sludge utilization for the indicated accumulation period. These estimates are based on average nitrogen
concentrations for each source, the number of animals in the facility and the plant available nitrogen application
rates shown in the second column.
Lagoon sludge contains nutrients and organic matter remaining after treatment and application of the effluent. At
clean out, this material must be utilized for crop production and applied at agronomic rates. In most cases, the
priority nutrient is nitrogen but other nutrients including phosphorous, copper and zinc can also be limiting. Since
nutrient levels are generally very high, application of sludge must be carefully applied.
Sites must first be evaluated for their suitability for sludge application. Ideally, effluent spray fields should not be
used for sludge application. If this is not possible, care should be taken not to load effluent application fields with
high amounts of copper and zinc so that additional effluent cannot be applied. On sites vulnerable to surface water
moving to streams and lakes, phosphorous is a concern. Soils containing very high phosphorous levels may also
be a concern.
Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization Table
Crop
Maximum
PA-N Rate
lb/ac
Maximum Sludge
Application Rate
1000 gal/ac
Minimum Acres
5 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
10 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
15 Years Accumulation
Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Sludge - Standard
Corn 120 bu
150
13.16
22.22
44.45
66.67
Hay 6 ton R.Y.B.
300
26.32
11.11
22.22
33.34
Soybean 40 bu
160
14.04
20.83
41.67
62.50
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Sludge Page 1 of 1

The Available Waste Storage Capacity table provides an estimate of the number of days of storage
capacity available at the end of each month of the plan. Available storage capacity is calculated as the
design storage capacity in days minus the number of days of net storage volume accumulated. The start
date is a value entered by the user and is defined as the date prior to applying nutrients to the first crop in
the plan at which storage volume in the lagoon or holding pond is equal to zero.
Available storage capacity should be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the design
storage capacity of the facility. If the available storage capacity is greater than the design storage
capacity, this indicates that the plan calls for the application of nutrients that have not yet accumulated.
If available storage capacity is negative, the estimated volume of accumulated waste exceeds the design
storage volume of the structure. Either of these situations indicates that the planned application interval
in the waste utilization plan is inconsistent with the structure's temporary storage capacity.
Source Name
Swine Farrowing-Weanling Lagoon Liquid
Design Storage Capacity (Days)
Start Date
9/1
180
Plan Year
Month
Available Storage Capacity (Days) *
1
1
159
1
2
171
1
3
180
1
4
180
1
5
180
1
6
180
1
7
180
1
8
180
1
9
150
1
10
148
1
11
158
1
12
158
* Available Storage Capacity is calculated as of the end of each month.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Capacity Page 1 of 1

Required Specifications For Animal Waste Management
1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift,
manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during
operation or land application. Any discharge of waste that reaches surface
water is prohibited.
2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer
either owns or has an agreement for use of adequate land on which to
properly apply the waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to
properly dispose of the waste, he/she shall provide evidence of an
agreement with a landowner, who is within a reasonable proximity,
allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application. It is the
responsibility of the owner of the waste production facility to secure an
update of the Nutrient Management Plan when there is a change in the
operation, increase in the number of animals, method of application,
receiving crop type, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs
for realistic crop yields based upon soil type, available moisture, historical
data, climatic conditions, and level of management, unless there are
regulations that restrict the rate of applications for other nutrients.
4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre
per year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per
acre per year but less than 10 tons per acre per year provided grass filter
strips are installed where runoff leaves the field (see USDA, NRCS Field
Office Technical Guide Standard 393 - Filter Strips).
5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or by disking after waste
application. Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift
from the land application field.
6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste
will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When waste is
applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be
broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone
to flooding (see "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance).
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 5/18/2010 Specification Page 1

7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration
rate such that runoff does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a
method which does not cause drift from the site during application. No
ponding should occur in order to control odor and flies.
8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall
events, or when the soil surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner
that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit
growth. The potential for salt damage from animal waste should also be
considered.
10. Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring
planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient
loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable
winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall not
be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages
breaking dormancy.
11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with
the following: The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is
applied from a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least
50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal. Animal waste,
other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995,
shall not be applied closer that 25 feet to perennial waters.
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other
than those owned by the landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and
public right-of-ways.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 5/18/2010 Specification Page 2

15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways,
or wetlands by a discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be
applied to prior converted cropland provided the fields have been
approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal
waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly
into water courses, and on other grassed waterways, waste shall be
applied at agronomic rates in a manner that causes no runoff or drift
from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets,
sinks, etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste management
system.
17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all
disturbed areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas
shall be fenced, as necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as
trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc., are limited to areas where
considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and
accessible. Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for
evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the
owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan"
which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge, pollution, and
erosion.
19. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected
on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills. A regular
maintenance checklist should be kept on site.
20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other
crops for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on
crops for direct human consumption, it should only be applied pre -plant
with no further applications of animal waste during the crop season.
21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom
elevations of the temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste
treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level
between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum
storage volume for waste storage ponds.
673139 Database Version 3.1
Date Printed: 5/18/2010 Specification Page 3

22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested
at least annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen
shall be the rate -determining nutrient, unless other restrictions require
waste to be applied based on other nutrients, resulting in a lower
application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the
soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when
these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted and
maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis
records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste
application records shall be maintained for a minimum of three years.
Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five
(5) years.
23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina
regulations.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 5/18/2010 Specification Page 4

Crop Notes
The following crop note applies to field(s): Z-01, Z-02, Z-03, Z-06, Z-08, Z-09
Bermudagrass Coastal Plain, Mineral Soil, Poorly Drained to Somewhat Poorly Drained.
Adaptation: Effective artificial drainage MUST be in place to achieve Realistic Yield Expectations
provided for these soils.
In the Coastal Plain, hybrid bermudagrass sprigs can be planted Mar. 1 to Mar. 31. Cover sprigs 1" to 3"
deep (1.5" optimal). Sprigs should be planted quickly after digging and not allowed to dry in sun and
wind. For Coastal and Tifton 78 plant at least 10 bu/ac in 3' rows, spaced 2' to 3' in the row. Generally a
rate of 30 bu/ac is satisfactory to produce full groundcover in one or two years under good growing
conditions. Tifton 44 spreads slowly, so use at least 40 bu/ac in 1.5' to 2' rows spaced 1' to 1.5' in row.
For broadcast/disked-in sprigs use about 60 bu/ac. Soil test for the amounts of lime, phosphorus,
potassium and micronutrients to apply preplant and for annual maintenance. Apply 60 to 100 lb/ac N in
the establishment year in split applications in April and July. For established stands apply 180 to 240
Ib/ac N annually in split applications, usually in April and following the first and second hay cuts.
Reduce N rates by 25% for grazing. Refer to NCSU Technical Bulletin 305 Production and Utilization
of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina for more information or consult your regional agronomist or
extension agent for assistance.
The following crop note applies to field(s): Z-01, Z-02, Z-03, Z-06, Z-08, Z-09
Small Grain: CP, Mineral Soil, low -leachable
In the Coastal Plain, oats and barley should be planted from October 15-October 30; and rye from
October 15-November 20. For barley, plant 22 seed/drill row foot and increase the seeding rate by 5% for
each week seeding is delayed beyond the optimum time. See the seeding rates table for applicable
seeding rate modifications in the current NCSU "Small Grain Production Guide". Also, increase the
initial seeding rate by at least 10% when planting no -till. Oats should be planted at 2 bushels/acre and
rye at 1-1 1/2 bushels/acre. Plant all these small grains at 1-1 1/2" deep. Adequate depth control is
essential. Review the NCSU Official Variety "green book" and information from private companies to
select a high yielding variety with the characteristics needed for your area and conditions. Apply no more
than 30 Ibs/acre N at planting. Phosphorus and potash recommended by a soil test can also be applied at
this time. The remaining N should be applied during the months of February -March.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Crop Note Page 1 of 2

The following crop note applies to field(s): Z-04, Z-05, Z-07
Fescue: Coastal Plain, Mineral Soil, Poorly Drained to Somewhat Poorly Drained.
Adaptation: Moderate to Marginal.
In the Coastal Plain, tall fescue can be planted Sept. 1 to Oct. 15 (best) and Feb. 15 to Mar. 20. For
pure -stand broadcast seedings use 20 to 30 Ib/ac., for drilled use 15 to 20 Ib/ac. seed. Use certified seed
to avoid introducing weeds or annual ryegrass. Plant seed 0.25" to 0.5" deep for pure stands, 0.25" in
mixture with clovers. Tall fescue will tolerate soil wetness but not flooding or prolonged saturation; use
ladino clover for mixtures on these soils. Soil test for preplant and maintenance lime, phosphorus, and
potassium recommendations. Apply 40 to 60 Ib/ac nitrogen at planting for pure stands only. Do not apply
N for mixtures with clovers but use proper legume inoculation techniques. Apply 150 to 200 lb/ac. N to
pure -stand fescue for hay production; reduce N rates by 25% to 50% for grazing. Apply N Feb. 1 to Mar.
20 and Aug. 20 to Sept. 30, with equal amounts in each window. Refer to NCSU Technical Bulletin 305
Production and Utilization of Pastures and Forages in North Carolina for additional information or
consult your regional agronomist or extension agent for assistance.
673139 Database Version 3.1 Date Printed: 05-18-2010 Crop Note Page 2 of 2

1 inch equals 200 feet

��•�, Unlled 5tat83 500
t i" Department of Consn,vetion
�� Agriculture Service
OPERATOR: Kpnnpth M. Fisher
Please review the attached plan and specifications carefully. Retain
this plan for your use and records. It Is strongly recommended that you,
your contractor, and Soil Conservation Service personnel are In agreement
as to how the waste lagoon is to be constructed. The Soil Conservation
Service personnel will meet with all concerned parties and walk over the
site to explain all Flags and markings. It is important that everyone
understand what is expected so that final construction meets plans and
specification and the job can be certified for payment (1f cost -sharing
Is involved).
The pad 'dimensions and grades are
CONTRACTOR is RESPONSIBLE for Flna
Soil Conservation Service personne
as its major concern is the proper
treatment lagoon.
The actual amount of material requ
estimates. The design will attemp
possible. IF additional material
on the lagoon, the contractor and
location of borrow area.
NOTE: Design Requirement:
Estimate of Excavation: 3?z pig cu.ft. m eu.yds.
Estimate of Pad & Oike: 33,E 9/Z cu.ft. m /ZZSL cu.yds.
/ Ration
Job Class
the best estimate. The BUILDER or
1 layout and design of the pads. The
1 will assist In a. limited capacity,
design and construction of the waste
fired for pads and'dam may vary from the
t to balance cuts and fills as close as
is required after construction is complete
owner will negotiate on the price and
Designed By
99' To5b cu. f t. m /g Z 9g cu.yds.
date
Name
Design Approval
3 Tht Sao Caay.ry almn Service
O to 'gamey of Mg
O..Nhntnf al Igrecullurt

SWINE LAGOON DESI'uN
' 7`s ,vC
Operator; %C��.enneiE�risMe County: onslow Date: June 12, 199Z
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner): ANDx, zrn o feet
STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT
sows (farrow to finish) x 1417 lbs. = lbs
sows (farrow to feeder) x 522 lbs. = lbs
head (finishing only) x 135 lbs. - lbs
7 sd sows (farrow to wean) x 433 lbs. = 32y 7le lbs
head (wean to feeder) x 30 lbs. = lbs
TOTAL STEADY STATE LIVE WEIGHT (SSLW) = 3z y ifl lbs
MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 75a lbs. SSLW x Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. SSLW
Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. SSLW= / CF/lb. SSLW
Volume = 3247so cubic feet
3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
Volume = o cubic feet

•t. [Will UL IUIN .YULiIJflr
•wL
Inside top length 300 feet ; Inside top width z vo feet
Top of dike at elevation s'3.o feet
Freeboard to feet ; Side slopes 3 : 1 (Inside lagoon)
Total design lagoon liquid level at elevation sz.o feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation /lino feet
Seasonal high water table elevation Y2 8 feet
Total design volume using pr.ismoidal formula
SS/ENDI SS/END2 SS/SIDEI SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
3 3 3 3 z9y z„y 9
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH * WIDTH =
z 9 y Z 3 y= 6 ( AREA OF TOP)
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH =
z Lit /b'D , = V3 200 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH * WIDTH * 4
Z67 za 7 = zz;o 76 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. _ [AREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOM] * DEPTH/6
GF,94 zzi 47eo y3z.e /5'
VOLUME OF LAGOON AT TOTAL DESIGN LIQUID LEVEL = 475,645F CU. FT.

TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA:
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * Width =
3o0 2va = 744,0 square feet
Buildings (roof and lot water)
Length * Width =
square feet
TOTAL DA = 7200o square feet
Design temporary storage period to be ire) days.
5A. Volume of waste produced
Approximate daily production of manure in CF/LB SSLW 0.00136
Volume = 3z'-1,Y$2 Lbs. SSLW * CF of Waste/Lb./Day * days
Volume = 7 9 306 cubic feet

This is the amount of fresh water used far washing floors or volume
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate
the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A.
Volume =
Volume =
gallons/day *
cubic feet
days storage/7.48 gallons
per CF
5E. Volume of rainfall in excess of.evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount.
_a_days excess rainfall _ 7 inches
Volume =
in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = y240o cubic feet
5D. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 3 inches / 12 inches per foot * DA
Volume = i/4 oo cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A. 7930(0 cubic feet
59. o cubic feet
5C. za,000 cubic feet
5D. 98eoo cubic feet
TOTAL /09, 304 cubic feet

PAGE 5
b. SUMMARY
Total required volume ''9y o s. cubic feet
Total design volume avail. J7 Gis' cubic feet
Min. req. treatment volume plus sludge accumulation 72V, 7.523 cubic feet
At elev. 1/9. 3 feet ; Volume is Jzs n70 cubic feet (end pumping)
Total design volume less 25yr-24hr storm is ys% Gob' cubic feet
At elev. sl. 3 feet ; Volume is ysz Lea cubic feet (start pumping)
Seasonal high water table elevation y9,o feet
7. DESIGNED BY: /- APPROVED BY: -A7.
GATE: G/iz/9z DATE: 6/z3/'z

System Calibration
Information presented in manufacturer's charts are based on average operation
conditions with relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and application rates change
over time as equipment gets older and components wear. In particular, pump wear tends
to reduce operating pressure and flow. With continued use, nozzle wear results in an
increase in the nozzle opening which will increase the discharge rate while decreasing the
wetted diameter.
You should be aware that operating the system differently than assumed in the design will
alter the application rate, diameter of coverage, and subsequently the application
uniformity. For example, operating the system with excessive pressure results in smaller
droplets, greater potential for drift, and accelerates wear of the sprinkler nozzle. Clogging
of nozzles can result in pressure increase. Plugged intakes or crystallization of mainlines
will reduce operating pressure. Operating below design pressure greatly reduces the
coverage diameter and application uniformity.
For the above reason, you should calibrate your equipment on a regular basis to ensure
proper application rates and uniformity. Calibration at least once every three years is
recommended. Calibration involves collecting and measuring flow at several locations in
the application area. Any number of containers can be used to collect flow and
determine the application rate. Rain gauges work best because they already have a
graduated scale from which to read the application amount without having to perform
additional calculations. However, pans, plastic buckets, jars, or anything with a uniform
opening and cross-section can be used provided the liquid collected can be easily
transferred to a scaled container for measuring.
For stationary sprinklers, collection containers should be located randomly throughout the
application area at several distances from sprinklers. For traveling guns, sprinklers
should be located along a transect perpendicular to the direction of pull. Set out
collection containers 25 feet apart along the transect on both sides of the gun cart. You
should compute the average application rate for all nonuniformity of the application. On a
windless day, variation between containers of more than 30 percent is cause for concern.
You should contact your irrigation dealer or technical specialist for assistance.
*Reprinted for Certification Training for Operations of Animal Waste Management Systems Manual

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage
levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is
dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as a
thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first sign of plant growth in the
later winter / early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done
whenever the land in dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in
the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer / early fall the lagoon should be pumped down
to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste utilization
plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigated does
not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for
any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass
are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each
year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilized applied
should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a
soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be
fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by
mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This
should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather
conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the lagoon
water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon
and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should include,
as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes -- look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes
2

Lagoon surface -- look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment -- look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability -- slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack or vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon
has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a
threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps -- check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need of repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that
you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your
pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will
allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is
not the time to think about switching, repairing, or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your
lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an
inventory of spare parts or pumps.
• Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage
waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot
runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage
structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that
which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that
hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the
following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height
3

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an overflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into
the lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste
loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the
pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another
means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial
establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid
volume. This seeding should occur at least two weeks prior to the addition of
wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add
agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume
until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological
activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these
conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily
are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are
drained and recharged each day, also work well.
4

• Practice water conservation --- minimize building water usage and spillage from
leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and water
conservation.
• Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce the
amount of solids entering the lagoon.
Management:
• Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full
temporary storage level.
• Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level
and the maximum liquid level. (Figure 2-1).
• Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient
requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the
summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer / early fall to
provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter.
• The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the
dam or embankment.
• Don not pump the lagoon liquid level lower than the permanent storage level unless
you are removing sludge.
• Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and
as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
• Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded
feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
• Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
• Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
• Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or
before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and
implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:
5

• proper lagoon sizing,
• mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
• gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
• have more nutrients,
• have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper - agitator impeller pump through large -
bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix
remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or
forageland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland;
dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon
to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to
dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil
incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage.
Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner
remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you
should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can
be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus and
metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of erosion.
Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphors, it should be
applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other wastes,
always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
6

The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors.
Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure.
Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of
the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
• Modification of the lagoon structure -- an example is the placement of a pipe in the dam
without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design before
placing any pipes in dams.)
• Lagoon liquid levels -- high levels are a safety risk.
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
• Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
• Liner integrity -- protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or
rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large
discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY (DWQ)
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (EMS)
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SWCD)
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS)
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE (CES)
ctt1r)-16140_�z15
c to-34'1-yal
°'%O-`-k55-yt112-
QED - 1-tSS--5s-73
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or
leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to
ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location
for all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible. Suggested
responses to some possible problems are listed below.
A. Lagoon overflow - possible solutions are:
a) Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b) Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
c) Stop all flow to the lagoon immediately.
d) Call a pumping contractor.
e) Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B. Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
a) Immediately stop waste application.
b) Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
c)
d)
e)
Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that cause the runoff.
Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers - action include:
a) Stop recycle pump.
b) Stop irrigation pump.
c) Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d) Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D. Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators - action include:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Stop recycle pump.
Stop irrigation pump.
Make sure siphon occurs.
Stop all flow in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
E. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing leaks -
possible action:
a) Dig a small sump or ditch from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a submersible
pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b) If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and
compact with a clay type soil.
c) Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and the lagoon bottom as soon
as possible.
8

2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage notes, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours call your DWQ regional office; Phone #, After hours,
emergency number: [phone]. Your phone call should include: your name, facility
number, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2 above, the exact
location of the facility, the location or direction of the movement of the spill, weather and
wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken, and the
seriousness of the situation.
b. If the spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS phone number.
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CE's phone number, local SWCD office phone number and the local NRCS
office for advice / technical assistance phone number.
4. If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your problem to
them and ask the person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5. Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair or problem to minimize offsite damage.
a. Contractors Name: Murphy Brown, LLC
b. Contractors Address: P.O. Box 856, Warsaw NC 28398
c . Contractors Phone: [phone]
6. Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: Kraig Westerbeek
b. Phone: (910) 293 - 5330
7. Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify the
damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems
with release of wastes from happening again.
9

INSECT CONTROL CHECKLIST FOR ANIMAL OPERATIONS
Source Cause BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
(Liquid Systems)
Flush Gutters Accumulation of solids
(1) Flush system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated
solids from gutters as designed.
() Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and Pits Crusted Solids
(✓) Maintain lagoons, settling basins and
pits where pest breeding is apparent to
minimize the crusting of solids to a depth
of no more than 6-8 inches over more than
30% of surface.
Excessive Decaying vegetation (1)Maintain vegetative control along banks of
Vegetative Growth lagoons and other impoundment's to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter
along water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
(Dry Systems)
Feeders Feed Spillage () Design, operate and maintain feed systems (e.g..
bunkers and troughs) to minimize the accumulation
of decaying wastage.
() Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
interval during summer; 15-30 day interval during winter).
Feed Storage Accumulation of feed
residues
() Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
insuring drainage away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
products).
() Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed.
Animal Holding Accumulation of animal () Eliminate low area that trap moisture along fences
Areas wastes and feed wastage and other locations where waste accumulates and
disturbance by animals is minimal.
() Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e. inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids as needed).
MIC -- November 11, 1996
10

Dry Manure Handling Accumulations of animal () Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
Systems wastes interval during summer; 15-30 days interval during
winter) where manure is loaded for land application
or disposal.
() Provide for adequate drainage around manure stockpiles
() Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated wastes
in filter strips around stockpiles and manure handling
areas as needed.
The issues checked () pertain to this operation. The landowner / integrator agrees to use
sound judgment in applying insect control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned insect control Best Management Practices have been
reviewed with me.
P(Lit
ando
n rltdd
For more information contact the Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box
7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.
AMIC -- November 11, 1996
11

SWINE FARM WASTE MANAGEMENT ODOR CONTROL CHECKLIST
Source Cause BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Farmstead Swine production (v)Vegetative or wooded buffers:
(v)Recommended best management
practices;
(V)Good judgment and common sense
Animal body
surfaces
Dirty manure ( )Dry floors
covered animals
Floor surfaces Wet manure -covered
floors
(V)Slotted floors;
(v)Waterers located over slotted floors;
(V)Feeders at high end of solid floors;
(v)Scrape manure buildup from floors;
( )Underfloor ventilation for drying
Manure collection Urine
pits
Partial microbial
decomposition
(v)Frequent manure removal by flush, pit
recharge or scrape
( )Underfloor ventilation
Ventilation Volatile gases
exhaust fans Dust
(V)Fan maintenance;
(v)Efficient air movement
Indoor surfaces Dust
(✓)Washdown between groups of animals
( )Feed additives;
( )Feeder covers;
( )Feed delivery downspout extenders to
feeder covers
Flush Tanks
Agitation of recycled
lagoon liquid while tanks
are filling
( )Flush tank covers
( )Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks
with anti -siphon vents
Flush alleys
Agitation during waste ( )Underfloor flush with underfloor
water conveyance ventilation
Pit recharge Agitation of recycled
points lagoon liquid while pits
are filling
( )Extend recharge lines to near bottom of
pits with anti -siphon vents
Lift stations
Agitation during sump ( )Sump tank covers
tank filling and drawdown
Outside drain
collection or
junction boxes
Agitation during waste ( )Box Covers
water conveyance
End of drain Agitation during waste ( )Extend discharge point of pipes
pipes at lagoon water underneath lagoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces
Volatile gas emissions (V)Proper lagoon liquid capacity
Biological mixing (v)Correct lagoon startup procedures
Agitation ( )Minimum surface area -to -volume ratio
(v)Minimum agitation when pumping
( )Mechanical aeration
( )Proven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler High pressure agitation (1)Irrigate on dry days with little or no wind
nozzles Wind draft (v)Minimum recommended operation pressure
(V)Pump intake near lagoon liquid surface
( )Pump from second -stage lagoon
AMOC — November 11, 1996
12

Storage tank or
basin surface
Partial microbial ( )Bottom or midlevel loading
decomposition Mixing while ( )Tank covers
filling Agitation when emptying( )Basin surface mats of solids
( )Proven biological additives or oxidants
Settling basin Partial microbial decom- ( )Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid
surface position Mixing while filling level
Agitation when emptying ( )Remove settled solids regularly
Manure, slurry or
sludge spreader
outlets
Agitation when spreading
Volatile gas emissions
( )Soil injection of slurry/sludges
( )Wash residual manure from spreader after use
( )Proven biological additives or oxidants
Dead animals
Carcass decomposition ( )Proper disposition of carcasses
Dead animal
disposal pits
Carcass decomposition ( )Complete covering of carcasses in burial pits
( )Proper location / construction of disposal pits
Incinerators Incomplete combustion ( )Secondary stack burners
Standing water
around facilities
improper drainage
Microbial decomposition of
organic matter
(✓)Farm access road maintenance
away from facilities
Manure tracked Poorly maintained access (i)Farm access road maintenance
onto public roads roads
from farm access
Additional Information: Available From:
Swine Manure Management 0200 Rule / BMP Packet NCSU-County Extension Center
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies, EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management:Pit Recharge --Lagoon Treatment:EBAE128-88NCSU-BAE
Swine Production Facility Manure Management:Underfloor Fluse-Lagoon Treatment 129-88NCSU-BAE
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE103-83NCSU-BAE
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU-BAE
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33
Environmental Assurance Program: NPPC Manual
Assoc
Options for Managing Odor; a report from the Swine Odor Task Force NCSU Agri Communication
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PR0101, Florida Cooperative Extension
1995 Conference Proceedings
NCSU-Swine Extension
NC Pork Producers
The issues checked ( ) pertain to this operation. The landowner / integrator agrees to
use sound judgment in applying odor control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned odor control Best Management Practices have been reviewed
with me.
Cando ner Sign tureet/
13

Version —November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
El
Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B.0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
Any method which, in the professional opinionsof the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or -asures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
nature of F 1'i Owner/Manager
CAAL•-d kip . tn,—C
Signature of Technical Specialist O
N-k\-1°(
Date
Date

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN
FOR SWINE COMPOSTING FACILITY
OWNER / OPERATOR: tPtlia- i? S/-/Ep,1 RD
LOCATION: .2SS Pres-ten. We//5 ed Yo //y Alge�NG
TRACT: 2989 I ���JJJ
SIZE AND TYPE OF OPERATION: 7So Soul Farr0 4-o (Aka -sit
On -farm mortality' disposal systems shall be operated and
maintained in accordance with the policy of the State
Veterinarian. The State Veterinarians address is.
Late Xefierinarian's :Office
Post Of ice)30 2602.0
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
Phone: [phone]
Swine Cornpostinqand disposal) landapplication) shall be in
accordance with tthe policy of ICDENR's' alid=Waste Section.
The;addres"s off(he=Solid Yaste.Sectton s:
North Carolina Division of. Waste:Manag
164:6`Maii,Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone]
/A€c c"Mr \
Landowner Operator concurrence:
Date: 3725/ / p
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 1
February, 2005

Basics of Composting
Composting is a natural biological process of decomposition of organic materials
in a predominantly aerobic environment. During the process, bacteria, fungi and
other microorganisms break down organic materials to a stable mixture called
compost while consuming oxygen and releasing heat, water, and carbon dioxide
(CO2). The finished compost resembles humus and can be used as a soil
amendment. Composting reduces the volume of the parent materials and
pathogens are destroyed if the process is controlled properly. All disease -causing
organisms are subjected to at least three adverse conditions during composting:
heat, toxicity caused by products of decomposition, and microbial antagonism.
Heat generated in the composting process is the primary determinant studied as
the inactivator of disease -causing organisms. An extended period of heat in the
desired range achieved during composting is essential for the destruction of most
pathogens. The effect of pH and the action of other bacteria and fungi on the
destruction of disease -causing organisms is still largely unknown. Only minimal
research has been done with disease -causing organisms of animals with regard
to the ability of the composting process to destroy them. A recent review of
chemical and microbial hazards to humans from urban waste composting
facilities indicates that the assumption that all disease -causing organisms are
killed by composting may be faulty.
In general, composting should not increase the risk of disease or disease spread
if the process and pile are properly managed. Some important procedures to
minimize risk include the following.
❑ Manage the site to prevent contaminated runoff or leachate from
contacting animal housing or vehicles and equipment. Disease -
causing organisms may survive in contaminated leachate for at
least several days and possibly a long period of time.
❑ Prevent rodents and scavenging animals from digging in the pile
and spreading contaminated material.
✓ Following recommendations for sawdust covering will
provide a barrier to most pests.
✓ Fencing may be necessary if proper coverage is not
maintained and animals have gained access.
✓ Fly infestation problems are eliminated with appropriate pile
temperature and sawdust cover on livestock mortalities.
While composting occurs naturally, the process requires proper conditions to occur
rapidly, minimize odor generation, and prevent nuisance problems. Over 20
controllable factors affect composting. Table 1 lists eight of those factors and
acceptable ranges to aim for when composting. Of these factors, the four major
factors to be controlled in the composting process are the material mix (nutrient
balance), water content, porosity, and temperature.
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 2 February, 2005

Table 1. Guidelines for composting- major factors.
Reasonable Range
Nutrient balance, C/N 25:1-40:1
Water Content 45-65% w.b.
Particle Size 0.8-1.2 cm (1/8-1/2 inch)
Porosity 30-50%
Bulk Density <640 kg/m3 (11001b/yd3)
pH 5.8-9.0
Oxygen Concentration
Temperature
>5%
(110-155°F)
Preferred Range
30:1 - 35:1
50-60% w.b.
Depends on Material
35-45%
6.5-8.0
> 10%
(130-150 °F)
Material Mix (C/N)
The proper compost mix requires both carbon and nitrogen at the proper C/N ratio.
A proper C/N ratio will result in a composting process that generates little odor, yet
offers an environment where microorganisms can flourish. Generally an initial C/N
ratio that is 25:1 to 40:1 is satisfactory. Most compostable materials have a C/N
ratio that is too low to compost properly on their own. In order to compost these
materials, amendments that contain a high C/N ratio must be added. Plant
materials such as wood chips, sawdust, chopped corn stover, or straw have a high
C/N ratio for on -farm composting.
Water Content & Porosity
Like all living things, microorganisms need water. To encourage their growth and
rapid composting, water content of the mixture should be 50 to 60% (wet basis). It
is important to avoid excess water because of the potential for odor and leachate
conditions. If the mixture feels moist, yet when a handful is squeezed no
water drips from it, the mixture probably has adequate water content. High
water content results in leachate formation, odors and other problems. However, in
covered facilities water must be added to avoid process inhibition.
Microorganisms that are encouraged to grow in a compost pile are aerobic, or
require oxygen. Open spaces (porosity) must be maintained to allow air to
penetrate and move through the pile providing oxygen. Ideally 35 - 45% of the pile
volume would be small open spaces. Optimum porosity is achieved by balancing
materials' particle sizes, water content of the mix, and pile size.
Temperature
The composting process will generate, and regulate its own temperature.
However, to maintain high temperatures the pile must be large or have some
insulation. A layer of inactive material, sawdust or finished compost, placed over
the entire pile will insulate the pile. The insulation layer should be a foot or more
thick. As the pile heats up, warm air within the mixture will rise and move out of the
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 3 February, 2005

pile, while fresh air will be drawn in to replace it. This process exhausts CO2
created in the pile, and maintains an aerobic environment for the microorganisms.
The highest rates of decomposition occur for temperatures in the range of 110 -
150°F. Also, high temperatures above 131°F for three days will kill parasites, and
fecal and plant pathogens within the pile. At temperatures above 150°F, microbial
activity declines rapidly with activity approaching low values as compost
temperatures exceed 160°F.
The North Carolina State Veterinarian policy requires that dead animal aerobic
composters reach a temperature in excess of 130 degrees F within 5 days of
filling the bin and remain above 130 degrees F for a period of 5 days
consecutively. You are required to make the composting operation available for
inspection by an NCDA&CS Veterinary Medical Officer. Records of
material composted and temperature records will need to be available.
You are also required to comply with the attached policy from the Office of State
Veterinarian for mortality disposal.
The following figure is a schematic showing the process followed for composting
animal mortality. The bin compost pile is an inconsistent mixture with a large mass
of material (the animal) having a low C/N ratio, a high moisture content, and nearly
zero porosity surrounded by a material (the carbon amendment) with a high C/N
ratio, moderate moisture levels, and good porosity. The animal and amendments
are layered into the pile and no mixing is done in this process till after the high rate
stage of composting has occurred and the animal has fully decomposed.
Composting livestock mortalities (primary stage) can best be described as "above
ground burial in a bio-mass filter with pathogen kill by high temperature."
ANIMAL
CARCASS
CARBON AMENDMENT
(sawdust, straw, stover)
1
i
LAYER
:
PRIMARY
COMPOSTING
RECYCLED COMPOST
SECONDARY STORAGE
COMPOSTING USE
Material flow in livestock mortality composting. Forced aeration is not used. Materials are
not mixed until flesh of the animal body is completely decomposed. This can take several
months.
U. S. Department of Agriculture Page 4 February, 2005
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3

Biofilt
Zones
Center L
mran+aiiate
Arimal Carcass
Cross -Section Views of Composting in a Bin for Animal Mortality. Layering of animal mortalities
surrounded by material which not only provides carbon (energy) for the microorganisms, but also
acts as a Biofilter. Pile is not turned until animals are decomposed.
The above figure is a cross section of the compost pile for animal mortality. The
decomposition process is anaerobic (lacking oxygen) in and around the animal
mortality. But as gasses are produced and diffuse away from the mortality, they
enter an aerobic zone. Here the gasses are trapped in the surrounding material,
ingested by the microorganisms, and degraded to CO2 and H2O. Thus the
surrounding material supports bacteria to form a biological filter, or a Biofilter.
With this scenario, turning the pile is to be avoided until the mortality has been
decomposed. For swine, this period is generally 60 to 90 days after the last
mortality has been placed into the pile. After this time the compost is moved to a
secondary area where it is allowed to compost for an additional time period of 90 to
120 days. Moving the pile for secondary composting and storage introduces air
back into the pile and mixes the contents of pile, leading to more uniformity in the
finished compost. The secondary pile should then turned and placed in a pile for
storage of another 60 days. When composting large mature animals, bones
sometimes remain after completion of the secondary/storage process. These are
usually quite brittle and pose no health risks or danger to equipment when land
applied. In some instances it may be desirable to recycle the larger bones back
into the compost to allow more decomposition.
Managing the Composting of Swine Mortality
Practices of composting mortality are very simple. The following is recommended
as a guide for properly operating the composter.
1. Construct a base from sawdust or acceptable amendment at least 1 ft. thick.
(This may not be enough for very large animals.) This base will collect liquids
that are released during mortality decomposition. It also permits air movement
and microbial action underneath the mortality. If liquids begin to leach out of the
pile, spread sawdust around the pile to absorb the liquids, and increase the
depth of the base when starting new bins.
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 5 February, 2005

2. Place a layer of animals on the sawdust base. A single layer of animals should
be centered on and evenly spaced across the base. Do not stack animals on
top of one another (with the exception of very small animals where mortalities
can be layered up to 4 inches thick.) Four to six inches of amendment is
necessary between layers of mortality for the compost system to work
effectively.
3. Cover the animals with 2 ft. of damp amendment. This cover acts as the
Biofilter for odor control around the pile and insulates the pile to retain heat.
Odors may be released when an inadequate cover is used or when it is too dry.
The released odors may also attract scavenging animals and pets to the pile.
Maintaining a 2-ft. cover prevents this.
When additional animals are placed in the pile the following steps should be
followed.
4. Hollow out a hole in the amendment (in the 2 ft. of cover material). Maintain 4 to
6 inches of amendment over animals already in the pile.
5. Place a new layer of animals in the pile.
6. Cover new layer of animals with 2 ft. of damp amendment.
Data Collection
In order to monitor the composting process, it is necessary to measure and record
temperatures of the compost pile. Pathogen kill can be monitored by measuring
the internal pile temperature. Progress of the pile can also be surveyed from
temperature records. Temperatures should be taken at several points near the
animals placed in the pile. Temperature recording can be done easily with a three
ft. probe thermometer(1/4 inch probe diameter is recommended). Data recorded
should include date, size, number of animals added, and the internal temperature of
the pile.
Record keeping
In order to properly manage the composting facility, daily records should be kept
particularly during the first several compost batches. This can be helpful in
identifying problems that may occur. It is suggested to record daily the amount of
sawdust added, the weight of the livestock mortalities, and the temperature of the
compost.
Land Application of Compost
Follow an approved nutrient management plan. Test compost material for
carbon, nitrogen, moisture, and pH if compost fails to reach the proper
temperature or if odor problems develop. The finished compost material should
be periodically tested for constituents that could cause plant phytotoxicity as the
result of application to crops. Compost made from dead animal or animal parts
should be tested for indicator pathogens such as E. coli and salmonella. The
disposal of the compost shall adhere to all federal, state, and local laws, rules,
and regulations. The composted material shall be applied at agronomic rates
on the farm where the swine composter is located. The composted material
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 6 February, 2005

can not be sold or given away. It is the responsibility of the producer to
properly manage the facility on a daily basis.
Pest Management
Animals digging into the compost can be a problem, although it is less likely in
bins. Measures must be taken if this occurs to maintain Biosecurity and a
positive public perception. The easiest way to prevent this from occurring is to
maintain the necessary minimum cover (1 ft. sawdust for bins and 2 ft. for
windrows or piles) over all dead animals.
NEVER ALLOW ANIMALS TO BE EXPOSED. It may become necessary to
fence or build a structure to eliminate scavengers from the compost unit if they
cannot be kept out. It is easier and cheaper to maintain adequate cover than to
incur the additional cost of a fence or structure. Operation and management will
determine the needs of the system.
Maintenance
Inspect compost unit when it is empty. Replace any broken or badly worn parts
or hardware. Patch concrete floors, curbs, or gravel areas as necessary to
assure proper operation and integrity. Examine roofed structures for structural
integrity and leaks. Maintain a dense stand of vegetation around the composting
facility year round.
Emergency Disposal of Dead Animals
Unusually high mortality of animals during emergencies will need to be handled
with emergency procedures. It is recommended that you make specific plans for
animal disposal in the event of an emergency. Depending on the type and
degree of emergency, there are several alternatives. Disposal by a rendering
company should be the preferred method of carcass disposal. When this method
is not available, on -farm disposal will have to be considered. On -farm methods
include burial and composting. Of these two methods, composting is considered
the most environmentally sound. Contact your local NRCS office for
recommendations when composting is the selected alternative. When burial is
determined to be the disposal method of choice, the following burial standards
established by the State Animal Response Team shall be followed:
1. The bottom of the hole where dead animals are to be buried should be 3 feet
above the seasonal high water table wherever possible and at least 12 inches
above the seasonal high water table. (Farm owners may contact the local
NRCS agency or the local health department for assistance in determining
the seasonal high water table.)
2. Standing water in the hole does not preclude animal burial as long as the
bottom of the hole is at least 12 inches above the seasonal high water table,
not in an area of standing water, and the other conditions for proper burial are
met.
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 7 February, 2005

3. There must be at least 3 feet of soil covering any buried animal. This can be
interpreted to mean soil mounded over the animals above ,the adjacent
ground level.
4. The burial site must be at feast 300 feet from any existing stream or public
body of water.
5. The burial site must be at least 300 feet from any existing public water supply
well.
6. The burial site must be at least 100 feet from any other type of existing well.
7. The burial site cannot include any portion of a waste lagoon or lagoon wall.
8. In the case where the burial site is in a waste disposal spray field, the burial
site is not available for subsequent waste spraying until a new viable crop is
established on the site.
9. The burial site shall be located so as to minimize the effect of stormwater
runoff.
10. Burial is not permitted in the tiled area of an underdrained field.
11.A record of the location of the approved site (GPS latitude and longitude
coordinates if available), the burial history of each burial site to include the
date, species, head count and age must be kept by the owner and reported to
the Local Health Director who will in turn report this information to the
appropriate State Agency — DENR Division of Water Quality, Groundwater
Section.
12. Farm Owners and operators are encouraged to consider measures that could
be taken prior to an imminent emergency that could reduce the impact on the
farm and the environment.
Note: Much of the information in this O&M plan comes directly from "Ohio's
Livestock and Poultry Mortality Composting Manual"
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
North Carolina Area 3
Page 8 February, 2005