540120_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Please do not leave any question unanswered. Please verify all information and make ani' necessary corrections below.
Application must be signed and dated by the Perntittee.
1. Farm Number: 54-0120 Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS540120
2. Facility Name: Running W Farm
3. Landowner's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan): Donald G Watkins
4. Landowner's Mailing Address: 644 Nobles Mill Rd
City: Deep Run State: NC Zip: 28525-9695
Telephone Number: 252-568-3895 Ext. E-mail: donaldew u,hughcs.net
5. Facility's Physical Address: 644 Nobles Mill Rd
City: Deep Run State: NC Zip: 28525
6. County where Facility is located: Lenoir
7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner):
8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code):
9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"): Maxwell Foods LLC
10. Operator Name (OIC): Donald G. Watkins Phone No.: 252-560-2770 OIC #: 17716
11. Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12. Indicate animal operation type and number:
Current Permit:
Operation Types:
Operations Type Allowable Count
Swine - Feeder to Finish 2,975
Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Other Types
Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Horses - Horses
Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Horses - Other
Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Sheep - Sheep
Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Sheep - Other
Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Poultry
Gilts Other Non Laying Pullet
Other Layers

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
Structure
Name
Estimated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay, Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
"Redline"
(Inches)
1
i C)61 7
G( _
j Z
77,972.00
19.20
�
Mail one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.10C(d) to the address below.
The CAWMP must include the following components:
1. a The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), signed by the owner and a certified technical specialist containing:
The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.)
A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
The soil series present on every land application field
The crops grown on every land application field
The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. . A site map/schematic
3. lEmergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
table is accurate and
may be applicable to
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the -
application and all the CAWMP items above to: [e-mail]

1 attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. 1 understand that,
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B; any person who knowingly makes any false statement,
representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25.000 per violation. (18 U.S.C.
Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for
a similar offense.)
Printed Name of Signing Official (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a
corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation):
Name:
Signature:
Ck r4'1‹ Title: OC,fj e /
Date: 3/Z '/ /
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
E-mail: 2019PermitRenewalnncdenr.gov
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 02/2019

R©Y COOPER
Governor
MICHAEL S. REGAN
Scercrary
LINDA CULPEPPER
NORTH CAROLINA
Environmental Quality
February 27, 2019
Donald G Watkins
Running W Farm
644 Nobles Mill Rd
Deep Run, NC 28525-9695
Subject: Application for Renewal of Coverage for Expiring State General Permit
Dear Permittee:
Your' facility is currently approved for operation under one of the Animal' Waste Operation State Non -Discharge General Permits,
which expire on September 30, 2019. Copies of the new animal waste operation State Non -Discharge General Permits are available
at https://deu.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resourceshvater-quality-regional-operations/afo or by writing or calling:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
In order to assure your continued coverage under the State Non -Discharge General Permits, you must submit an application for
permit coverage to the Division. Enclosed you will find a "Request for Certificate of Coverage Facility Currently Covered by an
Expiring State Non -Discharge General Permit." The application form must be completed, signed and returned by April 3, 2019.
Please note that you must include one (1) copv of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with the
completed and signed application form. A list of items included in the CAWMP can be found on page 2 of the renewal
application form.
Failure to request renewal of your coverage under a general permit within the time period specified may result in a civil penalty.
Operation of your facility without coverage under a valid general permit would constitute a violation of NCGS 143-215.1 and could
result in assessments of civil penalties of up to $25,000 per day.
If you have any questions about the State Non -Discharge General Permits, the enclosed application, or any related matter please feel
free to contact the Animal Feeding Operations Branch staff at 919-707-9100.
Enclosures
cc (w/o enclosures):
Sincerely,
Jon Risgaard, Section Chief
Animal Feeding Operations and Groundwater Section
Washington Regional Office, Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Lenoir County Soil and Water Conservation District
AFOG Section Central Files - AWS540120
Maxwell Foods LLC
t_ North Csr3;ir;e Department of Envrar.n_nt& Q .sty I DD;v+v>an of Water Rssoerers
. 1163€ P, J Serv;oe tierter 1 fie'e gh, North Csro na. 276Sta-363a

Version —November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
Signature of Farm Owner/Manager
Specialist
Date
9
Date

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
Division of Water Resources (DWR)
Emergency Management System (EMS)
Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD)
Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing, or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or leave
your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to ensure that
this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location for all employees at
the facility. The following are some action items you should take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible.
Suggested responses to some possible problems are listed below.
a. Lagoon overflow -possible solutions are:
1) Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
2) Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
3) Stop all flows to the lagoon immediately.
4) Call a pumping contractor.
5) Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
b. Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
1) Immediately stop waste application.
2) Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
3) Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
4) Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that caused the runoff.
5) Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
c. Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers -action include:
1) Stop recycle pump.
2) Stop irrigation pump.
3) Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
4) Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
November 23, 2016

d. Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators -action include:
1) Stop recycle pump.
2) Stop irrigation pump.
3) Make sure no siphon occurs.
4) Stop all flows in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
5) Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
e. Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing
leaks- possible action:
1) Dig a small sump or ditch away from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in
a submersible pump, and pump back to lagoon.
2) If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes
and compact with a clay type soil.
3) Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and lagoon bottom as
soon as possible.
2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach any surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off of the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3. Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours, call your DWR regional office, phone number:
. After hours, emergency number: 1-800-858-0368. Your phone call should
include: your name, facility, telephone number, the details of the incident from item 2
above, the exact location of the facility, the location or direction of movement of the
spill, weather and wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under
taken, and the seriousness of the situation.
b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS, phone number:
. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
c. Contact the following for advice/technical assistance:
1) Cooperative Extension, phone number: 1 7 U
2 November 23, 2016

2) local SWCD office, phone number:
S23 7L=1
3) local NRCS office, phone number: 7C' ((�7
4. If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your problem
to them and ask that person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5. Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair of problem to minimize off -site
damage.
a. Contractors Name:
b. Contractors Address:
c. Contractors Phone:
ci (i "7 2a
6. Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting Engineer,
etc.)
a. Name:
b. Phone:
)2,,-).
7. Implement procedures as advised by DWR and technical assistance agencies to rectify
the damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems
with release of wastes from happening again.
3 November 23, 2016

J.L MAXWELL, JR., CHAIRMAN
H.G. MAXWELL, HI, PRESIDENT
J.W. PELLETIER, Ill, VICE PRESIDENT
MAXIAMI,,.L. • bt3.L Inc
SINCE 1916
943 Millers Chapel Road P.O. Box 10009 • Goldsboro, NC 27532
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
TO: All corporate and contract farms, employees and growers
FROM: George H. Pettus
DATE: January 10, 2012
RE: Spill Response
J.L MAXWELL, HI, SECRETARY -TREASURER
DR. CHRIS PARKS, NunimoNisr
BOB IVEY, GENERAL MANAGER
In the event of a spill on your farm, you should take the following actions.
First, stop the flow immediately. Take whatever action is necessary to prevent
the spill from leaving the property or entering waters of the State.
If it is daytime, working hours, contact Wanda Harrell at Maxwell Foods at 919-
778-3130, ext. 1440 and provide your name, the farm name, what has occurred,
what time the spill was discovered, and the approximate amount of the spill.
If it is after hours, please contact any of the following individuals:
Jim Lynch 919-222-4791
Jason Hobbs 919-738-6113
Brent Mitchell 919-738-3584
George H. Pettus 765-625-0297
It is company policy that any and all spills be reported immediately.

• flush system, houses, solids separators:
OO stop recycle (flushing system) pump
Q stop irrigation pump
O make sure no siphon effect has been created
® separate pipes to create an air gap and stop flow
d) Leakage from base or sidewall of the lagoon. Often these are seepage as opposed
to flowing leaks:
• dig a small well or ditch to catch all seepage, put in a submersible pump, and
pump back into the lagoon
• if holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes
and compact with a clay type soil.
• other holes may be likewise temporarily plugged with clay soil.
Note: For permanent repair measures, lagoon problems require the consultation of an individual
experienced in their design and installation.
2) Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a) Did the waste reach any surface waters?
b) Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c) Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
3) Contact appropriate agencies.
a) During normal business hours, call your DWQ regional office: 919-946-6481; after
hours, emergency number: 800-858-0368 or 919-733-3942. Your phone call should
include: your name, facility, telephone number, the details of the incident, the exact
location of the facility, and the location or direction of movement of the spill, weather
and wind conditions, what corrective measures have been taken, and the seriousness of
the situation.
b) Your integrator: Goldsboro Hog Farms Division, Maxwell Foods, Inc.
919-778-3130 extension 1430
c) If the spill leaves the property or enters surface waters, call the local EMS:
919-559-6126 .
Page 2

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Nutrient Management Plan For Animal Waste Utilization
04-26-2018
This plan has been prepared for:
Running W Farm
Don Watkins
644 Nobles Mill Rd
Deep Run, NC 28525
252-568-3895
This plan has been developed by:
Eve H. Honeycutt
N C Cooperative Extension
Lenoir County Center
1791 Hwy 11/55
Kinston, NC 28504
252-527-2191
DeveIoire
Type of Plan: Nitrogen Only with Manure Only
Owner/Manager/Producer Agreement
I (we) understand and agree to the specifications and the operation and maintenance
procedures established in this nutrient management plan which includes an animal
waste utilization plan for the farm named above. I have read and understand the
Required Specifications concerning animal waste management that are included with
this plan.
Signature (owner) Date
Signature (manager or producer) Date
This plan meets the minimum standards and specifications of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service or the standard of practices
adopted by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission.
Plan Approved B
11,-/ztlig
Date
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 04-26-2018 Cover Page 1

Nutrients applied in accordance with this plan will be supplied from the
following source(s):
Commercial Fertilizer is not included in this plan.
S7
Swine Feeder -Finish Lagoon Liquid waste generated 2,757,825 gals/year by a 2,975
animal Swine Finishing Lagoon Liquid operation. This production facility has waste
storage capacities of approximately 180 days.
Estimated Pounds of Plant Available Nitrogen Generated per Year
Broadcast
4971
Incorporated
5965
Injected
5965
Irrigated
Year 1
Max. Avail.
PAN (lbs) *
4,971
Actual PAN
Applied (lbs)
7796
4971
PAN Surplus/
Deficit (lbs)
-2,825
Actual Volume
Applied (Gallons)
4,330,891
Volume Surplus/
Deficit (Gallons)
-1,573,066
Note: In source ID, S means standard source, U means user defined source.
* Max. Available PAN is calculated on the basis of the actual application method(s) identified in the plan for this source.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 04-26-2018 Source Page 1 of 1

The table shown below provides a summary of the crops or rotations included in this plan for each field. Realistic
Yield estimates are also provided for each crop in the plan. In addition, the Leaching Index for each field is shown,
where available.
Planned Crops Summary
Tract
2033
2033
2033
2033
2033
2033
Field
1
1489
2
2B
3
4-7
Total
Acres
8.16
8.16
0.92
3.25
1.15
5.21
Useable
Acres
8.16
8.16
0.92
3.25
1.15
5.21
Leaching
Index (Ll)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Stallings
Stallings
Pocalla
Pocalla
Pocalla
Pocalla
Soil Series
Crop Sequence
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
RYE
1.0 Tons
5.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
5.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
5.0 Tons
1.0 Tons
5.0 Tons
1.0 Tons
5.0 Tons
1.0 Tons
5.0 Tons
PLAN TOTALS:
26.85 26.85
LI
Potential Leaching
Technical Guidance
2
Low potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
None
>= 2 &
<= 10
Moderate potential to contribute to
soluble nutrient leaching below the root
zone.
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned.
> 10
High potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned. Other conservation practices that improve
the soils available water holding capacity and improve nutrient use efficiency should be
considered. Examples are Cover Crops (340) to scavenge nutrients. Sod -Based Rotations
(328), Long -Term No -Till (778), and edge -of -field practices such as Filter Strips (393) and
Riparian Forest Buffers (391).
804357
Database Version 4.1 Date Printed 4/26/2018
PCS Page 1 of 1
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.

The Waste Utilization table shown below summarizes the waste utilization plan for this operation. This plan provides an estimate of the number of acres of
cropland needed to use the nutrients being produced. The plan requires consideration of the realistic yields of the crops to be grown, their nutrient requirements,
and proper timing of applications to maximize nutrient uptake.
This table provides an estimate of the amount of nitrogen required by the crop being grown and an estimate of the nitrogen amount being supplied by manure or
other by-products, commercial fertilizer and residual from previous crops. An estimate of the quantity of solid and liquid waste that will be applied on each field in
order to supply the indicated quantity of nitrogen from each source is also included. A balance of the total manure produced and the total manure applied is
included in the table to ensure that the plan adequately provides for the utilization of the manure generated by the operation.
Waste Utilization Table
Tract
Field
Source
ID
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Applic.
Period
Nitrogen
PA
Nutrient
Req'd
(Ibs/A)
Comm.
Fert.
Nutrient
Applied
(lbs/A)
Res.
(Ibs/A)
Applic.
Method
Manure
PA
Nutrient
Applied
(lbs/A)
Liquid
ManureA
pplied
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
Liquid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
N
N
N
N
1000
gal/A
Tons
1000 gals
tons
2033
1
S7
Stallings
8.16
8.16
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.00
226.35
0.00
2033
1
S7
Stallings
8.16
8.16
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.5 Tons
3/1-9/30
238
0
0
Irrig.
238
132.04
0.00
1,077.43
0.00
2033
1489
S7
Stallings
8.16
8.16
Small Grain Overseed
I.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.0a
226.35
0.00
2033
1489
S7
Stallings
8.16
8.16
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.5 Tons
3/1-9/30
238
0
0
Irrig.
238
132.04
0.00
1,077.43
0.00
2033
2
S7
Pocalla
0.92
0.92
Small Grain Overseed
1.0Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.00
25.52
0.00
2033
2
S7
Pocalla
0.92
0.92
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
244
0
0
Irrig.
244
135.92
0.00
125.05
0.00
2033
2B
S7
Pocalla
3.25
3.25
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.00
90.15
0.00
2033
2B
S7
Pocalla
3.25
3.25
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
244
0
0
Irrig.
244
135.92
0.00
441.74
0.00
2033
3
S7
Pocalla
1.15
1.15
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.00
31.90
0.00
2033
3
S7
Pocalla
1.15
1.15
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.0 Tons
3/1-9/30
244
0
0
Irrig.
244
135.92
0.00
156.31
0.00
2033
4-7
S7
Pocalla
5.21
5.21
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons
10/1-3/31
50
0
0
Irrig.
50
27.74
0.00
144.52
0.00
2033
4-7
S7
Pocalla
5.21
5.21
Hybrid Bermudagrass Hay
5.0Tons
3/1-9/30
244
0
0
Irrig.
244
135.92
0.00
708.15
0.00
804357 Database Version 4.1
Date Printed: 4/26/2018
WUT Page 1 of 2

Waste Utilization Table Year 1
Tract
Field
Source
Ill
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Applic.
Period
Nitrogen
PA
Nutrient
Req'd
(lbs/A)
Comm.
Fert.
Nutrient
Applied
(lbs/A)
Res.
(1bs/A)
N
Applic.
Method
Manure
PA
Nutrient
Applied
(lbs/A)
Liquid
ManureA
PPhed
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
Liquid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(Field)
N
1000
gal/A
Tons
1000 gals
tons
Total Applied, 1000 gallons
4,330.89
Total Produced, 1000 gallons
2,757.83
Balance, 1000 gallons
-1,573.07
Total Applied, tons
0.00
Total Produced, tons
0.00
Balance, tons
Notes: 1. In the tract column, — symbol means teased, otherwise, owned. 2. Symbol * means user entered data.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 4/26/2018 WUT Page 2 of 2
0.00

The Irrigation Application Factors for each field in this plan are shown in the following table. Infiltration rate varies
with soils. If applying waste nutrients through an irrigation system, you must apply at a rate that will not result in
runoff. This table provides the maximum application rate per hour that may be applied to each field selected to
receive wastewater. It also lists the maximum application amount that each field may receive in any one application
event,
Irrigation Application Factors
Tract
Field
Soil Series
Application Rate
(inches/hour)
Application Amount
(inches)
2033
1
Stallings
0.50
1.0
2033
1489
Stallings
*0.35
1.0
2033
2
Pocalla
0.60
1.0
2033
2B
Pocalla
0.60
1.0
2033
3
Pocalla
0.60
1.0
2033
4-7
Pocalla
0.60
1.0
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed 4/26/2018
NOTE: Symbol * means user entered data.
IAF Page 1 of 1

The following Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization table provides an estimate of the number of acres needed for
sludge utilization for the indicated accumulation period. These estimates are based on average nitrogen
concentrations for each source, the number of animals in the facility and the plant available nitrogen application
rates shown in the second column.
Lagoon sludge contains nutrients and organic matter remaining after treatment and application of the effluent. At
clean out, this material must be utilized for crop production and applied at agronomic rates. In most cases, the
priority nutrient is nitrogen but other nutrients including phosphorous, copper and zinc can also be limiting. Since
nutrient levels are generally very high, application of sludge must be carefully applied.
Sites must first be evaluated for their suitability for sludge application. Ideally, effluent spray fields should not be
used for sludge application. If this is not possible, care should be taken not to load effluent application fields with
high amounts of copper and zinc so that additional effluent cannot be applied. On sites vulnerable to surface water
moving to streams and lakes, phosphorous is a concern. Soils containing very high phosphorous levels may also
be a concern.
Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization Table
Crop
Maximum
PA-N Rate
Ib/ac
Maximum Sludge
Application Rate
1000 gal/ac
Minimum Acres
5 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
10 Years Accumulation
Minimum Acres
15 Years Accumulation
Swine Feeder -Finish Lagoon Sludge - Standard
Com 120 bu
150
14.69
33,42
66.84
100.26
Hay 6 ton R.Y.E.
300
29.38
16.71
33.42
50.13
Soybean 40 bu
160
15.67
31.33
62.66
93,99
804357
Database Version 4.1
Date Printed: 04-26-2018 Sludge Page 1 of I

The Available Waste Storage Capacity table provides an estimate of the number of days of storage
capacity available at the end of each month of the plan. Available storage capacity is calculated as the
design storage capacity in days minus the number of days of net storage volume accumulated. The start
date is a value entered by the user and is defined as the date prior to applying nutrients to the first crop in
the plan at which storage volume in the lagoon or holding pond is equal to zero.
Available storage capacity should be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the design
storage capacity ofthe facility. If the available storage capacity is greater than the design storage
capacity, this indicates that the plan calls for the application of nutrients that have not yet accumulated.
If available storage capacity is negative, the estimated volume of accumulated waste exceeds the design
storage volume of the structure. Either of these situations indicates that the planned application interval
in the waste utilization plan is inconsistent with the structure's temporary storage capacity.
A
va.lable Wa, to Storage Canacit
Source Name
Start Date
Swine Feeder -Finish Lagoon Liquid
9/1
Plan Year
Month
Design Storage Capacity (Days)
180
Available Storage Capacity (Days)*
1
1
87
1
2
79
3
163
1
4
180
1
5
180
1
6
180
1
7
180
1
8
149
1
9
119
1
10
108
1
11
98
12
87
Available Storage Capacity is calculated as of the end of each month.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 04-26-2018 Capacity Page 1 of 1

Required Specifications For Animal Waste Management
1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift,
manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during
operation or land application. Any discharge of waste that reaches surface
water is prohibited.
2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer
either owns or has an agreement for use of adequate land on which to
properly apply the waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to
properly dispose of the waste, he/she shall provide evidence of an
agreement with a landowner, who is within a reasonable proximity,
allowing him/her the use of the land for waste application. It is the
responsibility of the owner of the waste production facility to secure an
update of the Nutrient Management Plan when there is a change in the
operation, increase in the number of animals, method of application,
receiving crop type, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs
for realistic crop yields based upon soil type, available moisture, historical
data, climatic conditions, and level of management, unless there are
regulations that restrict the rate of applications for other nutrients.
4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre
per year. Waste may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per
acre per year but less than 10 tons per acre per year provided grass filter
strips are installed where runoff leaves the field (see USDA, NRCS Field
Office Technical Guide Standard 393 - Filter Strips).
5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or by disking after waste
application. Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift
from the land application field.
6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste
will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When waste is
applied to conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be
broadcast provided the application does not occur during a season prone
to flooding (see "Weather and Climate in North Carolina" for guidance).
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 4/26/2018 Specification Page 1

7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration
rate such that runoff does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a
method which does not cause drift from the site during application. No
ponding should occur in order to control odor and flies.
8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall
events, or when the soil surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner
that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit
growth. The potential for salt damage from animal waste should also be
considered.
10. Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring
planted crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient
loading rates on these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable
winter cover crop planted to take up released nutrients. Waste shall not
be applied more than 30 days prior to planting of the crop or forages
breaking dormancy.
11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1, 1995 shall comply with
the following: The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is
applied from a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least
50 feet from any residential property boundary and canal. Animal waste,
other than swine waste from facilities sited on or after October 1, 1995,
shall not be applied closer that 25 feet to perennial waters.
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other
than those owned by the landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and
public right-of-ways.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 4/26/2018 Specification Page 2

15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways,
or wetlands by a discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be
applied to prior converted cropland provided the fields have been
approved as a land application site by a "technical specialist". Animal
waste shall not be applied on grassed waterways that discharge directly
into water courses, and on other grassed waterways, waste shall be
applied at agronomic rates in a manner that causes no runoff or drift
from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets,
sinks, etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste management
system.
17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all
disturbed areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas
shall be fenced, as necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as
trees, shrubs, and other woody species, etc., are limited to areas where
considered appropriate. Lagoon areas should be kept mowed and
accessible. Berms and structures should be inspected regularly for
evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated, the
owner is responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan"
which will eliminate the possibility of an illegal discharge, pollution, and
erosion.
19. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected
on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills. A regular
maintenance checklist should be kept on site.
20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other
crops for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on
crops for direct human consumption, it should only be applied pre -plant
with no further applications of animal waste during the crop season.
21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom
elevations of the temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste
treatment lagoons. Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level
between the markers. A marker will be required to mark the maximum
storage volume for waste storage ponds.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 4/26/2018 Specification Page 3

22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested
at least annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen
shall be the rate -determining nutrient, unless other restrictions require
waste to be applied based on other nutrients, resulting in a lower
application rate than a nitrogen based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the
soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when
these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be adjusted and
maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis
records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste
application records shall be maintained for a minimum of three years.
Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five
(5) years.
23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina
regulations.
804357 Database Version 4.1 Date Printed: 4/26/2018 Specification Page 4

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects
Feed storage • Accumulations of feed Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
residues immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
ensuring drainage is away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
products)
Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed
Animal holding areas • Accumulations of animal O Eliminate low areas that trap moisture along fences
wastes and feed wastage and other locations where waste accumulates and
disturbance by animals is minimal
O Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e., inspect for and remove or break up
accumulated solids as needed)
Dry manure handling • Accumulations of animal Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g.,
systems wastes 7- to 10-day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day
interval during winter) where manure is loaded for
land application or disposal
Provide for adequate drainage around manure
stockpiles
El Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
wastes in filter strips around stockpiles and manure
handling areas as needed
Site Specific Practices
For more information contact:
Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.
AMIC - November 11, 1996, page 2

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects Site Specific Practices
Flush gutters • Accumulation of solids
Liquid Systems
O Flush system is designed and operated sufficiently
to remove accumulated solids from gutters as
designed
O Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
i discharge
Lagoons and pits • Crusted solids
Maintain lagoons, settling basins and pits where
pest breeding is apparent to minimize the crusting
of solids to a depth of no more than 6 to 8 inches
over more than 30 percent of surface
Excessive vegetative • Decaying vegetation
growth
Maintain vegetative control along banks of
lagoons and other impoundments to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter along
water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
Dry Systems
Feeders • Feed spillage O Design, operate, and maintain feed systems
(e.g., bunkers and troughs) to minimize the
accumulation of decaying wastage
O Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g., 7- to 10-
day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day interval
during winter)
AMIC - November 11, 1996, page 1

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Farmstead
Cause
• Swine production
BMPs to Minimize Odor
O Vegetative or wooded buffers
Recommended best management practices
Good judgment and common sense
Site Specific Practices
Animal body
surfaces
• Dirty manure -covered
animals
Dry floors
Floor surfaces
• Wet manure -covered floors Slotted floors
Waterers located over slotted floors
O Feeders at high end of solid floors
O Scrape manure buildup from floors
O Underfloor ventilation for drying
Manure collection • Urine
pits • Partial microbial
decomposition
Frequent manure removal by flush, pit recharge,
or scrape
Underfloor ventilation
Ventilation exhaust • Volatile gases
fans • Dust
Fan maintenance
Efficient air movement
Indoor surfaces • Dust
Washdown between groups of animals
O Feed additives
O Feeder covers
O Feed delivery downspout extenders to feeder
covers
Flush tanks • Agitation of recycled lagoon 0 Flush tank covers
liquid while tanks are filling O Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks with
anti -siphon vents
Flush alleys • Agitation during wastewater 0 Underfloor flush with underfloor ventilation
conveyance
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 1

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Pit recharge points
Cause
• Agitation of recycled lagoon
liquid while pits are filling
BMPs to Minimize Odor
O Extend recharge lines to near bottom of pits with
anti -siphon vents
Site Specific Practices
Lift stations
• Agitation during sump tank O
filling and drawdown
Sump tank covers
Outside drain
collection or junction
boxes
• Agitation during wastewater CI
conveyance
Box covers
End of drainpipes
at lagoon
• Agitation during wastewater 0
conveyance
Extend discharge point of pipes underneath
lagoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces
• Volatile gas emissions
• Biological mixing
• Agitation
Proper lagoon liquid capacity
Correct lagoon startup procedures
Minimum surface area -to -volume ratio
Minimum agitation when pumping
Mechanical aeration
Proven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler
nozzles
• High pressure agitation
• Wind drift
Irrigate on dry days with little or no wind
Minimum recommended operating pressure
Pump intake near lagoon liquid surface
Pump from second -stage lagoon
Storage tank or
basin surface
• Partial microbial
decomposition
• Mixing while filling
• Agitation when emptying
O Bottom or midlevel loading
O Tank covers
O Basin surface mats of solids
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 2

Swine Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Settling basin surface
Cause
• Partial microbial
decomposition
• Mixing while filling
• Agitation when emptying
BMPs to Minimize Odor
• Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid level
171 Remove settled solids regularly
Site Specific Practices
Manure, slurry, or
sludge spreader
outlets
• Agitation when spreading
• Volatile gas emissions
O Soil injection of slurry/sludges
O Wash residual manure from spreader after use
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
Uncovered manure,
slurry, or sludge on
field surfaces
• Volatile gas emissions while
drying
D Soil injection of slurry/sludges
Soil incorporation within 48 hours
O Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
Dead animals • Carcass decomposition
Proper disposition of carcasses
Dead animal disposal • Carcass decomposition
pits
O Complete covering of carcasses in burial pits
O Proper location/construction of disposal pits
Incinerators
• Incomplete combustion
O Secondary stack burners
Standing water
around facilities
• Improper drainage
• Microbial decomposition of
organic matter
Grade and landscape such that water drains away
from facilities
Manure tracked onto • Poorly maintained access
public roads from roads
farm access
Farm access road maintenance
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 3

Additional Information:
Available From:
Swine Manure Management; .0200 Rule/BMP Packet
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies; EBAE Fact Sheet
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge —Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 128-88
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underfloor Flush —Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 129-88
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE 103-83
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33
Environmental Assurance Program; NPPC Manual
Options for Managing Odor; a report from the Swine Odor Task Force
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PRO107, 1995 Conference Proceedings
NCSU, County Extension Center
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU—BAE
NCSU— Swine Extension
N.C. Pork Producers Assoc.
NCSU Agricultural Communications
Florida Cooperative Extension
AMOC - November 11, 1996, page 4

Operator:Don Watkins County: Lenoir
Distance to nearest residence (other
1: AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW)
0 sous (fArroW to finish)
0 sows (farroW to feeder)
2880 head (finishing only)
0 sows (fairOW to Wean)
0 head (wean to feeder)
Describe other
than Owner):
x 1417 lbt&
x 522 lbs:
x 135 lbs:
x 433 lbs:
x 30 lbt&
Date: 01/30/95
135010 feet
Total Average, Live Weight =
2: MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 388800 lbs. ALW x TreatMent Voitme(CF)/lb: ALW
Treatment Voltime(CF)/lb: ALW = i CF/lb: ALW
Volume = 388800 cubic feet
1. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
l'et4iNtiz taeatie41 1-1,1v0e raiziA&'e•
Suiv&e. -F* 0-Ervioliev As Weeveb. '
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
TOTAL DESIGNED VOLUME
0 lbs
0 lb§
388800 lbs
0 lbs
0 lbs
0
388800 lbs
Inside top length (feet)
Inside top width (feet)
Top of dike elevation (feet)
Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet)
Freeboard (feet)
Side slopes (inside lagoon)
Total design Volume using prismoidal
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH A WIDTH =
294:0 254.0
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH A WIDTH
234.0 194.0
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH A WIDTH A 4
264.0 224.0
CU. FT& = (AREA TOP 4.
74676:0
formdla
30040
260,0
4140
36:0
1.0
10 : 1
LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
294.0 2540 10.0
74676 (AREA OF TOP)
45396 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
236544 (AREA OF MIDSECTION
(4AAREA MIDSECTION) AREA HOTTOMj
236544:0 45396:0
*4)
DEPTH/16.
Total Designed Volume Available = 594360 CU. FT.

5: TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA:
Lagoon (top Of dike)
Length Width
300.0 260.0. 78000:0 square feet.
Buildings (root and lot water)
0.0 square feet Describe this area:
TOTAL DA 78000:0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to be 180 days:
SA. Volume of waste produced
Feces & trine production in gal:/day per 135 lb; ALW 1:37
Volume = 388800 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW 1:31 gal/day 180 days
Volume = 710208 gals: or 949478 cubic feet
5B: Volume of wash water
This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume
Of fresh water Used for a flush system. Flush systems that redirculat
the lagoon Water are accounted for in 5A4
Volume =
Volume =
0.0 gallons/day ,‘
0.0 cubic feet
180 days ttorage/7:48 gallons
per CF
5 . Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largett amount
180 days excess rainfall / = 140 inched
Volume = 7.0 in ,‘ DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 45500.0 tUbic feet

5D: Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 1:2 inches / 12 inches per foot
volume = 46800,0 Cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A: 94948 cubic feet
5B. 0 cubic feet
5C. 45500 cubic feet
5D: 46800 ctibic feet
TOTAL 187248 cubic feet
6: SUMMARY
DA
Temporary storage period > 180 days
Rainfall in excess of evaporation > 740 inches
25 year - 24 hour rainfall > 742 inches
Freeboard > 140 feet
Side slopes > 3.0 : 1
Inside top length > OO.0.feet
Inside top width > 26040 feet
Top of dike elevation > 4740 feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation > 36:0 feet
Total required volume > 576048 cu: ft:
Actual design volume > 594360 cU4 ft.
Seasonal high watertable elevation (SHWT)===> 40:7 feetave
Stop pumping elev. > 4:1 feet
Must be > or = to the SHWT elev. > 40:7 feet
Must be > or = to min: req. treatment e1.=> 42:0 feet
Required tninimtim treatment volume > 388800 cu4 ft,
Volume at stop pumping elevation > 391131 Ct: ft:
Start pumping elev, > 45.3 feet
Must be at bottom of freeboard & 25 yr: rainfall
Actual volume less 25 yr:- 24 hr. rainfall => 547560 bu. ft.
Volume at start pumping elevation > 542888 Cu: ft,
Required volume to be pumped > 140448 Cu, ft:
Actual volume planned to be pumped > 151555 cu. ft,
Min. thickness of soil liner when required==> i46 feet
7. DESIGNED BY: i71
0e0. E r1106:144p,11/6.
DATE: G
APPROVED BY:
DATE:
NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
COMMENTS:

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon management should be a year-round priority. It is especially important to manage
levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the receiving crop is
dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are extended rainy spells such as a
thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means that at the first sign of plant growth in the
later winter / early spring, irrigation according to a farm waste management plan should be done
whenever the land in dry enough to receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available
in the lagoon for future wet periods. In the late summer / early fall the lagoon should be pumped
down to the low marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made
to maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to irrigated does
not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods. Overflow from the lagoon for
any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of state law and subject to penalty
action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
• Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam. Fescue or common bermudagrass
are the most common vegetative covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each
year, if needed, to maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilized applied
should be based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain a
soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas should be
fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or equivalent.
• Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be done by
mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of these practices. This
should be done at least once a year and possibly twice in years that weather
conditions are favorable for heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter the
lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of the lagoon
and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be checked should
include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes -- look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes
2

Lagoon surface -- look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment -- look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability -- slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack or vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon
dam. A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave
action. If wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon
may be used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon
has any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a
threat of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps -- check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation, An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need of repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that
you are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your
pumping system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will
allow some safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is
not the time to think about switching, repairing, or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your
lagoon is full, your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an
inventory of spare parts or pumps.
• Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface drainage
waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets, and parking lot
runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste treatment or storage
structures. The only water that should be coming from your lagoon is that
which comes from your flushing (washing) system pipes and the rainfall that
hits the lagoon directly. You should inspect your diversion system for the
following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height
3

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an overflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into
the lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before waste
loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the end of the
pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial filling or another
means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize bacterial
establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon liquid
volume. This seeding should occur at least two weeks prior to the addition of
wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below 7.0, add
agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of lagoon liquid volume
until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate biological
activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended if these
conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily
are optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are
drained and recharged each day, also work well.
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• Practice water conservation --- minimize building water usage and spillage from
leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through proper maintenance and
water conservation.
• Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This will reduce
the amount of solids entering the lagoon.
Management:
• Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and the full
temporary storage level.
• Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the minimum liquid level
and the maximum liquid level. (Figure 2-1).
• Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on nutrient
requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage will be maximized for the
summer thunderstorm season. Similarly, irrigate in the late summer / early fall to
provide maximum lagoon storage for the winter.
• The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest point of the
dam or embankment.
• Don not pump the lagoon liquid level lower than the permanent storage level unless
you are removing sludge.
• Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid surface and
as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
• Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation, molded
feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
• Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
• Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
• Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is full or
before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for obtaining and
implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:
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• proper lagoon sizing,
• mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
• gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
• have more nutrients,
• have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper - agitator impeller pump through large
- bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland; mix
remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul and spread onto cropland or
forageland; and soil incorporate.
• Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or forageland;
dredge sludge from lagoon with dragiine or sludge barge; berm an area beside lagoon
to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back into lagoon; allow sludge to
dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader onto cropland or forageland; and soil
incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and
crop requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage.
Close attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner
remains intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you
should stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge
can be removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon
as possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal
content than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low
phosphorus and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the
chance of erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test
phosphors, it should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus.
As with other wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
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The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions
which could increase the concern of neighbors.
Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure.
Types of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach
of the dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility
for ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
• Modification of the lagoon structure -- an example is the placement of a pipe in the
dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in lagoon design
before placing any pipes in dams.)
• Lagoon liquid levels -- high levels are a safety risk.
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
• Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
• Liner integrity -- protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge removal, or
rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large
discharge of wastewater and possible dam failure.
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