310164_Permit Renewal Application 2019_20190410

State of North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Water Resources
Animal Waste Management Systems
Request for Certification of Coverage
Facility Currently covered by an Expiring Sate Non -Discharge General Permit
On September 30, 2019, the North Carolina State Non -Discharge General Permits for Animal Waste Management Systems will
expire. As required by these permits, facilities that have been issued Certificates of Coverage to operate under these State
Non -Discharge General Permits must apply for renewal at least 180 days prior to their expiration date. Therefore, all applications
must be received by the Division of Water Resources by no later than April 3, 2019.
Please do not leave any question unanswered Please verify all information and make any necessary corrections below.
Application must be signed and dated by the Permittee.
1. Farm Number: 31-0164 Certificate Of Coverage Number: AWS310164
2. Facility Name: S&S #2
3. Landowner's Name (same as on the Waste Management Plan): Steve C Grad,.
4. Landowner's Mailing Address: 1434 Beautancus Rd
City: Mount Olive State: NC Zip: 28365
Telephone Number: 919-738-6500 Ext. E-mail:
5. Facility's Physical Address: 527 Maysville School Rd
City: Mount Olive State: NC Zip: 28365
6. County where Facility is located: Duplin
7. Farm Manager's Name (if different from Landowner):
8. Farm Manager's telephone number (include area code):
9. Integrator's Name (if there is not an Integrator, write "None"): Murphy -Brown LLC
10. Operator Name (OIC): Steve C. Grady Phone No.: 919-6381749-- OIC #: 18050
7 --?O
11.
Lessee's Name (if there is not a Lessee, write "None"):
12. Indicate animal operation type and number:
Current Permit:
Operation Types:
Operations Type Allowable Count
Swine - Feeder to Finish 3,672
Swine Cattle Dry Poultry Other Types
Wean to Finish Dairy Calf Non Laying Chickens Horses - Horses
Wean to Feeder Dairy Heifer Laying Chickens Horses - Other
Farrow to Finish Milk Cow Pullets Sheep - Sheep
Feeder to Finish Dry Cow Turkeys Sheep - Other
Farrow to Wean Beef Stocker Calf Turkey Pullet
Farrow to Feeder Beef Feeder
Boar/Stud Beef Broad Cow Wet Poultry
Gilts , Other Non Laying Pullet
Other Layers
APR e 2019
WatRrQutift i
13ogli tatopetutttltl tinit

13. Waste Treatment and Storage Lagoons (Verify the following information is accurate and complete. Make all necessary
corrections and provide missing data.)
Structure
Name
Estimated
Date
Built
Liner Type
(Clay, Synthetic,
Unknown)
Capacity
(Cubic Feet)
Estimated
Surface Area
(Square Feet)
Design Freeboard
"Redline"
(Inches)
1
94,961.00
19.50
Mail one (1) copy of the Certified Animal Waste Management Plan (CAWMP) with this completed and signed application
as required by NC General Statutes 143-215.10C(d) to the address below.
The CAWMP must include the following components:
1. The most recent Waste Utilization Plan (WUP), siuned by the owner and a certified technical specialist, containing:
a. The method by which waste is applied to the disposal fields (e.g. irrigation, injection, etc.)
b. A map of every field used for land application (for example: irrigation map)
c. The soil series present on every land application field
d. The crops grown on every land application field
e. The Realistic Yield Expectation (RYE) for every crop shown in the WUP
f. The maximum PAN to be applied to every land application field
g. The waste application windows for every crop utilized in the WUP
h. The required NRCS Standard specifications
2. A site map/schematic
3. Emergency Action Plan
4. Insect Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
5. Odor Control Checklist with chosen best management practices noted
6. Mortality Control Checklist with selected method noted - Use the enclosed updated Mortality Control Checklist
7. Lagoon/storage pond capacity documentation (design, calculations, etc.) Please be sure the above table is accurate and
complete. Also provide any site evaluations, wetland determinations, or hazard classifications that may be applicable to
your facility.
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan
If your CAWMP includes any components not shown on this list, please include the additional components with your submittal.
(e.g. composting, digesters, waste transfers, etc.)
As a second option to mailing paper copies of the application package, you can scan and email one signed copy of the
application and all the CAWMP items above to: [e-mail]
11E0FIVEDINZIZZIANR
APR 0 8 2019
We;ATQuulity
Regional O petations SBGttOf

I attest that this application has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that,
if all required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information and attachments are not
included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement,
representation, or certification in any application may be subject to civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. (18 U.S.C.
Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than 5 years, or both for
a similar offense.)
Printed Name of Signing Official (Landowner, or if multiple Landowners all landowners should sign. If Landowner is a
corporation, signature should be by a principal executive officer of the corporation):
saw —
Name: t Title:
Signature: ./i/e Date: -1-f
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
Name: Title:
Signature: Date:
THE COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
NCDEQ-DWR
Animal Feeding Operations Program
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Telephone number: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
FORM: RENEWAL -STATE GENERAL 02/2019

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN AMENDMENT
Grower(s): Steve Grady
Farm Name: S&S Farm 2 Facility 31-164
County: Durlin
Farm Capacity:
Farrow to Wean
Farrow to Feeder
Farrow to Finish
Wean to Feeder
Feeder to Finish
Wean to Finish
Gilts
Boars
3672
Storage Structure: Anaerobic Lagoon
Storage Period: >180 days
Application Method: Irrigation
30- a oc.-
This amendment allows the producer to apply 100 Ibs/acre PAN on Small Grain for the 2015/2016
year only. **Producer is limited to 25 Ibs/ac PAN during the two month period of Dec and Jan
and any PAN applied after Feb 29th shall be deducted from the bermuda rate. ** Small Grain
must be adequately grazed or mechanically harvested by April 15th.
Date
1,_oZ3 O'
Date

NUTRIENT UTILIZATION PLAN AMENDMENT
Grower(s):
Farm Name:
County:
Farm Capacity.
Farrow to Wean
Farrow to Feeder
Farrow to Finish
Wean to Feeder
Feeder to Finish
Wean td Finish
Gilts
Boars
Steve Grady
S&S Farm 2 Facility 31-164
Duplin
3672
Storage Structure:
Storage Period:
Application Method:
Anaerobic Lagoon
>180 days
Irrigation
This amendment allows the producer to apply 100 Ibs/acre PAN on Small Grain for the 2015/2016
year only. **Producer is limited to 25 lbs/ac PAN during the two month period of Dec and Jan
and any PAN applied after Feb 29th shall be deducted from the bermuda rate. ** Small Grain
must be adequately grazed or mechanically harvested by April 15th.
`t S ,//
Owne /Manag Date V
Technical SpeFsr Date
SFAhCI;� r�.aIDWR
APR 032019
Wenceustitty

Nutrient Management Plan For Animal Waste Utilization
09-23-2003
This plan has been prepared for:
This plan has been developed by:
S & S # 2 Johnny L Lanier
Steve Grady Duplin Soil & Water
1.134 Beautancus Rd PO Box 219
Mt. Olive, NC 28365 Kenansville, NC 28349
919-658-5767 910-296-2120
Developer Siature
Type of Plan: Nitrogen Only with Manure Only
Owner/Manager/Producer Agreement
I (we) understand and agree to the specifications and the operation and maintenance procedures
established in this nutrient management plan which includes an animal waste utilization plan for th(
farm named above. I have read and understand the Required Specifications concerning animal
waste management that are included with this plan.
Signature (owner) Date
Signature (manager or producer) Date
This plan meets the minimum standards and specifications of the U.S. Department of Agriculture -
Natural Resources Conservation Service or the standard of practices adopted by the Soil and Water
Conservation Commission.
Plan Approved By:
9/
Technical SpeciEt Signature Date
0-7
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Cover Page 1

Nutrients applied in accordance with this plan will be supplied from the following
source(s):
Commercial Fertilizer is not included in this plan.
S7
Broadcast
Incorporated
Swine,Feeder-Finish Lagoon Liquid waste generated 3,403,944 gals/year by
a 3,672 animal Swine Finishing Lagoon Liquid operation. This production
facility has waste storage capacities of approximately 180 days.
Estimated Pounds of Plant Available Nitrogen Generated per Year
7840
13464
Injected
14828
Irrigated
8522
Year 1
Actual PAN Applied
(Pounds)
8,621.08 '
Actual Volume Applied
(Gallons)
3,442,044
Note: In source ID, S means standard source, U means user defined source.
532858
Volume Surplus/Deficit
(Gallons)
-38,100
Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003
Source Page Page 1 of 1

The table shown below provides a summary of the crops or rotations included in this plan for each field. Realistic Yield estimates are
also provided for each crop in the plan. In addition, the Leaching Index for each field is shown, where available.
Planned Crops Summary
Tract
3073
Field
pla
Total
Acres
10.00
Useable
Acres
5.68
Leaching
Index (LI)
N/A Norfolk
Soil Series
3073
plb
7.00
2.05
N/A
Norfolk
3073
plc
7.00
3.02
N/A
Norfolk
3073
3073
3073
p2a
p2b
p3
10.90
8.00
8.00
6.39
5.09
3.64
N/A
N/A
N/A
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
3073
3073
P4
p5
5.00
4.00
2.45
2.36
N/A
N/A
Norfolk
Norfolk
PLAN TOTALS: 59.90 30.68
LI
Crop Sequence
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
RYE
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
1.0 Tons
6.5 Tons
<2
>=2&
<= 10
> 10
Potential Leaching
Low potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
Moderate potential to contribute to
soluble nutrient leaching below the root
zone.
Eligh potential to contribute to soluble
nutrient leaching below the root zone.
Technical Guidance
None
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned.
Nutrient Management (590) should be planned. Other conservation practices that
improve the soils available water holding capacity and improve nutrient use efficiency
should be considered. Examples are Cover Crops (340) to scavenge nutrients, Sod -Based
Rotations (328), Long -Term No -Till (778), and edge -of -field practices such as Filter
Strips (393) and Riparian Forest Buffers (391).
51?R4R Database Version 3.0
Date Printed 9/23/2003

The Wasp. Jtilization table shown below summarizes the waste utilization plan for this .. r.ration. This plan provides
nutrients being produced. The plan requires consideration of the realistic yields of the crops to be grown, their nutrient requirements, uirements, and an estimate of pr amber iong of a pf iccrations r xi to use the
uptake. �l p per timing of applications to maximize nutrient
This table provides an estimate of the amount of nitrogen required by the crop being grown and an estimate of the nitrogen amount being supplied by manure or other by-products,
commercial fertilizer and residual from previous crops. An estimate of the quantity of solid and liquid waste that will be applied on each field in order to supply the indicated quantity of
nitrogen from each source is also included. A balance of the total manure produced and the total manure applied is included in the table to ensure that the plan adequately provides for the
utilization of the manure generated by the operation.
Waste Utilization Table
Year 1
Tract
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
Field
pla
pla
plb
plb
plc
plc
p2a
p2a
p2b
p2b
p3
p3
p4
p4
p5
p5
Source
ID
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
S7
87
S7
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Norfolk 10.00
Norfolk 10.00
Norfolk 7.00
Norfolk 7.00
Norfolk 7.00
Norfolk 7.00
Norfolk 10.90
Norfolk 10.90
Norfolk 8.00
Use.
Acres
5.68
5.68
2.05
2.05
3.02
3.02
6.39
6.39
5.09
Norfolk 8.001 5.09
•Norfolk 8.00I 3.64
Norfolk I 8.00
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
5.00
5.00
4.00
4.00
3.64
2.45
2.45
2.36
2.36
Crop
RYE
Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons
Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons
Applic.
Period
10/1-3/31
*3/1-10/31
Nitrogen Comm.
PA Fen.
Nutrient Nutrient
Req'd Applied
(lbs/A) (lba/A)
Res.
(lbs/A)
N N
50 0
*231 0
10/1-3/31 50 0
N
Applic.
Method
Hybrid Bermudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons
*3/1-10/31 *231
0 0
Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture
Small Grain Overseed
10/1-3/31 50 0
*3/1-10/31 *231 0
Manure Liquid
PA ManuteA
NulrientA pplied
pplied (acre)
(lbs/A)
Solid Liquid ` Solid
Manure Manure Manure
Appl1ed Applied
(acre)( Wield) (Field)
1000
N gal/A Tons 1000 gals
Irrig. 50 19.97
Irrig. 231 92.27
Irrig. 50 19.96
Inig. 231 92.27
0 brig. 50 19.96
tons
0.00 113,44 0.00
0.00 524.10 0.00
0.00 40.92 0.00
0.00 189.16 0.00
1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0
6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0
1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231
Small Grain Overseed
1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0
0.00 60.28 0.00
1rig. 231 92.22 0.04 278.49 0.00
brig. 50 19.96 0.00 127.55 0.00
Irrig.
231 92.22
brig. 50 19.96
brig. 231 92.22
Irrig. 50 19.96
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 brig. 231 92.22
Small Grain Overseed 1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0 0
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture 6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0
Small Grain Overseed
Hybrid Bennudagrass Pasture
532858 Database Version 3.0
DatePrinted: 9/23/2003
1.0 Tons 10/1-3/31 50 0
0.00 589.26 0.00
0.00 101.60 0.00
0.00 469.38 0.00
0.00 72.66 0.00
0.00 335.67 0.00
brig. _ 50 19.96 0.00 48,90 0.00
Irrig 231 92.22
Irrig. 50 19.96
6.5 Tons *3/1-10/31 *231 0 0 brig. 231 92.22
0.00 225.94 0.00
0.00 47.11
0.00 217.63
0.00
WUT Page Page 1 of 2
0.00

Waste Utili(;_ .in Table
CYear 1
Tract
Field
Source
ID I
Soil Series
Total
Acres
Use.
Acres
Crop
RYE
Applic.
Period
Comm.
Fert.
Nutrient
Applied
(Iba/A)
Res.
(lbs/A)
Applic.
Method
Manure
PA
NutrientA
pplied
(lbs/A)
liquid
ManurcA
pplied
(acre)
Solid
Manure
Applied
(acre)
1000
gal/A Tons
Total Applied, 1000 gallons
Total Produced, 1000 gadons
Balance, 1000 gallons
Notes: 1. In the tract column, — symbol means leased, otherwise, owned. 2. Symbol * means user entered data.
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003
Total Applied, tons
Total Produced, tons
Balance, tons
Liquid
Manuro
Applied
(Field)
3,403.
-38.10
Solid
Manure
APPlied
(Field)
WUT Page Page 2 of 2
0.00
0.0
0.0

The Irrigation Application Factors for each field in this plan are shown in the following table. Infiltration rate varies with soils. If
applying waste nutrients through an irrigation system, you must apply at a rate that will not result in runoff. This table provides the
maximum application rate per hour that may be applied to each field selected to receive wastewater. It also lists the maximum
application amount that each field may receive in any one application event.
Irrigation Application Factors
Tract
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
3073
Field
pla
plb
plc
p2a
p2b
Soil Series
Norfolk
Application Rate
(inches/hour)
0.50
Application Amount
(inches)
1.0
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
p3
P`1
p5
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
0.50
0.50
0.50
1.0
1.0
1.0
511R5R Tlatahace Vercinn 1 () Date Printer' 9/?1/?0n3
TAP Pave Paaa 1 of 1

The following Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization table provides an estimate of the number of acres needed for sludge utilization
for the indicated accumulation period. These estimates are based on average nitrogen concentrations for each source, the number of
animals in the facility and the plant available nitrogen application rates shown in the second column.
Lagoon sludge contains nutrients and organic matter remaining after treatment and application of the effluent. At clean out, this
material must be utilized for crop production and applied at agronomic rates. In most cases, the priority nutrient is nitrogen but
other nutrients including phosphorous, copper and zinc can also be limiting. Since nutrient levels are generally very high,
application of sludge must be carefully applied.
Sites must first be evaluated for their suitability for sludge application. Idea11y, effluent spray fields should not be used for sludge
application. If this is not possible, care should be taken not to load effluent application fields with high amounts of copper and zinc
so that additional effluent cannot be applied. On sites vulnerable to surface water moving to streams and lakes, phosphorous is a
concern. Soils containing very high phosphorous levels may also be a concern.
Lagoon Sludge Nitrogen Utilization Table
Crop
Maxiinurn Maximum Sludge
PA-N Rate Application Rate
lb/ac 1000 gal/ac
Minimum Acres Minimum Acres
5 Years Accumulation 10 Years Accumulation
Swine Feeder -Finish Lagoon Sludge - Standard
Corn 120 bu 150 13.16 46.03
Hay 6 ton R.Y.E.
92.07 138.10
300 26.32 23.02 46.03 69.05
Soybean 40 bu 160 14.04
43.16 86.31 129.47
Minimum Acres
15 Years Accumulation
532858 Database Version 3.0
Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Sludge Page Page 1 of

The Available Waste Storage Capacity table provides an estimate of the number of days of storage capacity available at
the end of each month of the plan. Available storage capacity is calculated as the design storage capacity in days minus
the number of days of net storage volume accumulated. The start date is a value entered by the user and is defined as the
date prior to applying nutrients to the fast crop in the plan at which storage volume in the lagoon or holding pond is
equal to zero.
Available storage capacity should be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the design storage capacity of
the facility. If the available storage capacity is greater than the design storage capacity, this indicates that the plan calls
for the application of nutrients that have not yet accumulated. If available storage capacity is negative, the estimated
volume of accumulated waste exceeds the design storage volume of the structure. Either of these situations indicates
that the planned application interval in the waste utilization plan is inconsistent with the structure's temporary storage
capacity.
Available Waste Storage Capacity
Source Name Swine Feeder -Finish Lagoon Liquid
Start Date 10/31
Plan Year
Month
Design Storage Capacity (Days)
180
Available Storage Capacity (Days) *
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9
1
1
10
11
1
* Available Storage Capacity is calculated as of the end of each month.
12
133
116
138
150
168
180
180
180
180
161
143
123
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Capacity Page Page 1 of 1

Required Specifications For Animal Waste Management
1. Animal waste shall not reach surface waters of the state by runoff, drift,
manmade conveyances, direct application, or direct discharge during operation
or land application. Any discharge of waste that reaches surface water is
prohibited.
2. There must be documentation in the design folder that the producer either owns
or has an agreement for use of adequate land on which to properly apply the
waste. If the producer does not own adequate land to properly dispose of the
waste, he/she shall provide evidence of an agreement with a landowner, who is
within a reasonable proximity, allowing him/her the use of the land for waste
application. It is the responsibility of the owner of the waste production facility to
secure an update of the Nutrient Management Plan when there is a change in the
operation, increase in the number of animals, method of application, receiving
crop type, or available land.
3. Animal waste shall be applied to meet, but not exceed, the nitrogen needs for
realistic crop yields based upon soil type, available moisture, historical data,
climatic conditions, and level of management, unless there are regulations that
restrict the rate of applications for other nutrients.
4. Animal waste shall be applied to land eroding less than 5 tons per acre per year.
Waste may be applied to land eroding at more than 5 tons per acre per year but
less than 10 tons per acre per year provided grass filter strips are installed where
runoff leaves the field (see USDA, NRCS Field Office Technical Guide Standard
393 - Filter Strips).
5. Odors can be reduced by injecting the waste or by disking after waste application
Waste should not be applied when there is danger of drift from the land
application field. .
6. When animal waste is to be applied on acres subject to flooding, waste will be soil
incorporated on conventionally tilled cropland. When waste is applied to
conservation tilled crops or grassland, the waste may be broadcast provided the
application does not occur during a season prone to flooding (see "Weather and
Climate in North Carolina" for guidance).
7. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate such
that runoff does not occur offsite or to surface waters and in a method which does
not cause drift from the site during application. No ponding should occur in order
to control odor and flies.
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Specification Page 1

8. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events, or
when the soil surface is frozen.
9. Animal waste shall be applied on actively growing crops in such a manner that
the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would inhibit growth. The
potential for salt damage from animal waste should also be considered.
10. Nutrients from waste shall not be applied in fall or winter for spring planted
crops on soils with a high potential for leaching. Waste/nutrient loading rates on
these soils should be held to a minimum and a suitable winter cover crop planted
to take up released nutrients. Waste shall not be applied more than 30 days prior
to planting of the crop or forages breaking dormancy.
11. Any new swine facility sited on or after October 1,1995 shall comply with the
following: The outer perimeter of the land area onto which waste is applied from
a lagoon that is a component of a swine farm shall be at least 50 feet from any
residential property boundary and canal. Animal waste, other than swine waste
from facilities sited on or after October 1,1995, shall not be applied closer that
25 feet to perennial waters.
12. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet of dwellings other than
those owned by the landowner.
14. Waste shall be applied in a manner not to reach other property and public
right-of-ways.
15. Animal waste shall not be discharged into surface waters, drainageways, or
wetlands by a discharge or by over -spraying. Animal waste may be applied to
prior converted cropland provided the fields have been approved as a land
application site by a "technical specialist". Animal waste shall not be applied on
grassed waterways that discharge directly into water courses, and on other
grassed waterways, waste shall be applied at agronomic rates in a manner that
causes no runoff or drift from the site.
16. Domestic and industrial waste from washdown facilities, showers, toilets, sinks,
etc., shall not be discharged into the animal waste management system.
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Specification Page 2

17. A protective cover of appropriate vegetation will be established on all disturbed
areas (lagoon embankments, berms, pipe runs, etc.). Areas shall be fenced, as
necessary, to protect the vegetation. Vegetation such as trees, shrubs, and other
woody species, etc., are limited to areas where considered appropriate. Lagoon
areas should be kept mowed and accessible. Berms and structures should be
inspected regularly for evidence of erosion, leakage, or discharge.
18. If animal production at the facility is to be suspended or terminated. the owner is
responsible for obtaining and implementing a "closure plan" which will eliminate
the possibility of an illegal discharge, puilution, and erosion.
19. Waste handling structures, piping, pumps, reels, etc., should be inspected on a
regular basis to prevent breakdowns, leaks, and spills. A regular maintenance
checklist should be kept on site.
20. Animal waste can be used in a rotation that includes vegetables and other crops
for direct human consumption. However, if animal waste is used on crops for
direct human consumption, it should only be applied pre -plant with no further
applications of animal waste during the crop season.
21. Highly visible markers shall be installed to mark the top and bottom elevations of
the temporary storage (pumping volume) of all waste treatment lagoons.
Pumping shall be managed to maintain the liquid level between the markers. A
marker will be required to mark the maximum storage volume for waste storage
ponds.
22. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested at least
annually at crop sites where waste products are applied. Nitrogen shall be the
rate -determining nutrient, unless other restrictions require waste to be applied
based on other nutrients, resulting in a lower application rate than a nitrogen
based rate. Zinc and copper levels in the soils shall be monitored and alternative
crop sites shall be used when these metals approach excessive levels. pH shall be
adjusted and maintained for optimum crop production. Soil and waste analysis
records shall be kept for a minimum of five years. Poultry dry waste application
records shall be maintained for a minimum of three years.
Waste application records for all other waste shall be maintained for five (5)
years.
23. Dead animals will be disposed of in a manner that meets North Carolina
regulations.
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 9/23/2003 Specification Page 3

Crop Notes
The following crop note applies to field(s): pla, plb, plc, p2a, p2b, p3, p4, p5
Small Grain: CP, Mineral Soil, medium leachable
In the Coastal Plain, oats and barley should be planted from October 15-October 30; and rye from October
15-November 20. For barley, plant 22 seed/drill row foot and increase the seeding rate by 5% for each
week seeding is delayed beyond the optimum time. See the seeding rates table for applicable seeding rate
modifications in the current NCSU "Small Grain Production Guide". Also. increase the initial seeding rate
by at least 10% when planting no -till. Oats should be planted at 2 bushels/acre and rye at 1-1 1/2
bushels/acre. Plant all these small grains at 1-1 1/2" deep. Adequate depth control is essential. Review the
NCSU Official Variety "green book" and information from private companies to select a high yielding
variety with the characteristics needed for your area and conditions. Apply no more than 30 lbs/acre N at
planting. Phosphorus and potash recommended by a soil test can also be applied at this time. The
remaining N should be applied during the months of February -March.
The following crop note applies to field(s): p la, p lb, p lc, p2a, p2b, p3, p4, p5
Bermudagrass: CP, Mineral Soil, Moderately Well Drained.
Adaptation: Well -adapted.
In the Coastal Plain, hybrid bermudagrass sprigs can be planted Mar. 1 to Mar. 31. Cover sprigs 1" to 3"
deep (1.5" optimal). Sprigs should be planted quickly after digging and not allowed to dry in sun and wind.
For Coastal and Tifton 78 plant at least 10 bu/ac in 3' rows, spaced 2' to 3' in the row. Generally a rate of
30 bu/ac is satisfactory to produce full groundcover in one or two years under good growing conditions.
Tifton 44 spreads slowly, so use at least 40 bu/ac in 1.5' to 2' rows spaced 1' to 1.5' in row. For
broadcast/disked-in sprigs use about 60 bu/ac. Soil test for the amounts of lime, phosphorus, potassium
and micronutrients to apply preplant and for annual maintenance. Apply 60 to 100 lb/ac N in the
establishment year in split applications in April and July. For established stands apply 180 to 240 lb/ac N
annually in split applications, usually in April and following the first and second hay cuts. Reduce N rates
by 25% for grazing. Refer to NCSU Technical Bulletin 305 Production and Utilization of Pastures and
Forages in North Carolina for more information or consult your regional agronomist or extension agent for
assistance.
532858 Database Version 3.0 Date Printed: 09-23-2003 Crop Note Page Page 1 of 1

Source
SWINE FARM WASTE MANAGEMENT ODOR CONTROL CHECKLIST
Cause
BMP's to Minimize Odor
Site Specific Practices
Farmstead
Animal body surfaces
Swine production
Dirty manure -covered animals
( etative or wooded buffers;
( recommended best management
practices;
( Good judgment and common sense
( floors
Floor surfaces
Wet manure -covered floors
(rotted floors;
(1 terers located over slotted floors;
( ceders at high end of solid floors;
({Scrape manure buildup from floors;
() Underfloor ventilation for drying
Manure collection pits
Ventilation exhaust fans
Indoor surfaces
Urine
Parital micorbial decomposition
( requent manure removal by flush,pit
recharge,or scrape .
() Underfloor ventilation
Volatile gases; -
Dust
Dust
(Ilan maintenance;
( Yegient air movement
i) Washdown between groups of animals
( ) Feed additives;
() Feeder covers;
() Feed delivery downspout extenders to
feeder covers
Flush tanks
Flush alleys
Pit recharge points
Agitation of recycled lagoon
liquid whiles tanks are filling
() Flush tank covers
() Extend fill lines to near bottom of
tanks with anti -siphon vents
Agitation during wastewater
conveyanance
() Underfloor flush with underfloor
ventilation
Agitation of recycled lagoon
liquid while pits are filling
Lift stations
() Extend'rechard lines to near bottom of
pits with anti -siphon vents
Agitation during sump tank filling
and drawdown
Outside drain collection
or junction boxes
Agitation during wastewater
conveyance
( ) Sump tank covers
() Box covers
End of drainpipes at lagoon Agitation during wastewater
() Extend discharge point of pipes
underneath lagoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces
Volatile gas emissions
Biological mixing
Agitation
(1per lagoon liquid capacity
( orrect lagoon startup procedures
( inimum surface area -to -volume ratio
( rricnum agitation when pumping
() Mechanical aeration
( ) Proven biological additives
Irrigation sprinkler nozzles High pressure agitation
Wind draft
AMOC--November 11, 1996
(- rrigte on dry days with little or no wind
( inimum recommended operation pressure
( ump intake near lagoon liquid surface
() Pump from second -stage lagoon

Storage tank or basin
surface
Partial microbial decomposition
Mixing while filling
Agitation when emptying
Settling basin surface
Partial micobial decomposition
Mixing while filling
Agitation when emptying
() Bottom or midlevel loading
( ) Tank covers
() Basin surface mats of solids
() Proven biological additives or oxidants
() Extend drainpipe outlets underneath liquid
level
( ) Remove settled solids regularly
Manure, slurry or sludge Agitation when spreading
spreader outlets Volatile gas emissions
(1Soil injection of slurry/sludges
(flash residual manure from spreader after use
() Proven biological additives or oxidants
Uncovered manure, slurry
or sludge on field surfaces
Dead animals
Volatile gas emissions while drying
( l/il infection of slurry/sludges
(1 soil incorporation within 48 hours
(Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying
() Proven biological additives or oxidants
Carcass decomposition
Dead animal disposal
pits
(per disposition of carcasses
Carcass decomposition
( ) Complete covering of carcasses. in burial pits
() Proper location/construction of disposal pits
Incinerators Incomplete combustion
Standing water around
facilities
( ) Secondary stack burners
Improper drainage
Microbial decomposition of
organic matter
(9-6fade and landscape such that water drains
away from facilities
Manure tracked onto public Poorly maintained access roads (.)warm access road maintenance
`r roads from farm access
Additional Information:
Available From:
Swine Manure Management; 0200 Rule/BMP Packet
Swine Production Farm Potential Odor Sources and Remedies, EBAE Fact Sheet
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Pit Recharge --Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 128-88
Swine Production Facility Manure Management: Underfloor Fluse--Lagoon Treatment; EBAE 129-88
Lagoon Desig and .Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE 103-83
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet
Controlling Odors from Swine Buildings; PIH-33
Environmental.Assuranc Program: NPPC Manual
Options for Managing Odor; a report from the Swine Odor Task Force
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PR0107, 1995 Conference Proceedings
NCSU-County Extension Center
NCSU-BAE
NCSU-BAE
NCSU-BAE
NCSU-BAE
NCSU-BAE
NCSU-Swine Extension
NC Pork Produces Assoc
NCSU Agri Communications
Florida Cooperative Extension
The issues checked {rtain to this operation. The landowner/integrator agrees to use sound judgment in applying
odor control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned odor control Best Managment Practices have been reviewed with me.
AMOC--November 11, 1996

Source
INSECT CONTROL CHECKLIST FOR ANIMAL OPERATIONS
Cause BMP's to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
(Liquid Systems)
Flush Gutters Accumulation of solids
hIf Flush system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated
soilds from gutters as designed.
() Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
Lagoons and Pits Crusted Solids
Maintain lagoons, settling basins and
pits where pest breeding is apparent to
minimize the crusting of solids to a depth
of no more than 6-8 inches over more than
30% of surface.
Excessive Vegetative Decaying vegetation
Growth
Maintain vegetative control along banks of
lagoons and other impoundments to prevent
aoouinulation-of decaying vegetative matter
along•water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
(Dry Systems)
Feeders Feed Spillage () Design, operate and maintain feed systems (e.g.,
bunkers and troughs) to minimize the accumulation
of decaying wastage.
() Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
interval during summer; 15-30 day interval during winter).
Feed Storage Accumulations of feed residues
() Reduce moisture accumulation' within and around
immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
insuring drainage away from site and/or providing
adequate containment (e.g., covered bin for
brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
products).
() Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed.
Animal Holding Areas Accumulations of animal wastes
and feed wastage
AMIC--November 11, 1996
() Eliminate low area that trap moisture along fences
and other locations where waste accumulates and
and disturbance by animals is minimal.
() Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e. inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids as needed).

Dry Manure Handling Accumulations of animal wastes ( ) Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g. 7-10 day
Systems interval during summer; 15-30 days interval during
winter) where manure is loaded for land application
or disposal.
() Provide for adequate drainage around manure stockpiles.
() Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated wastes
in filter stripes around stockpiles and manure handling
areas as needed.
The issues checked (4ertain to this operation. The landowner/integrator agrees to use sound judgment in applying
insect control measures as practical.
I certify the aforementioned insect control Best Management Practices have been reviewed with me.
(Landowner Signa
For more information contact the Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
27695-7613.
AMIC--November 11, 1996

31-/6z,
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DWQ --95'4 -i2/1"
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SYu.-.25'6-3/6r"
SWCD 9/o-334-.3/jq
NRCS _ 5iv- 32s- 7/at
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing, or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or
leave your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to
ensure that this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location for
all employees at the facility. The following are some action items you should take.
1. Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be
possible. Suggested responses to some possible problems are listed below.
A. Lagoon overflow -possible solutions are:
a. Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b. Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
c. Stop all flows to the lagoon immediately.
d. Call a pumping contractor.
e. Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B: Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
a. Immediately stop waste application.
b. Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
c. Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
d. Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that caused the runoff.
e. Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C: Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers -action include:
a. Stop recycle pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
D: Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators -action include:
a. Stop recycle pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Make sure no siphon occurs.
d. Stop all flows in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
December 18, 1996

e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
E: Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to •
flowing leaks- possible action:
a. Dig a small sump or ditch away from the embankment to catch all seepage,
put in a submersible pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b. If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill
holes and compact with a clay type soil.
c. Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and lagoon
bottom as soon as possible.
2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach any surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off of the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3: Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours, call your DWQ (Division of Water Quality)
regional office; Phone - - . After hours, emergency number: 919-733-3942.
Your phone call should include: your name, facility, telephone number, the details
of the incident from item 2 above, the exact location of the facility, the location or
direction of movement of the spill, weather and wind conditions. The corrective
measures that have been under taken, and the seriousness of the situation.
b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS Phone number
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CES, phone number - - , local SWCD office phone number - -
and local NRCS office for advice/technical assistance phone number - - .
4: If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your
problem to them and ask that person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5: Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair of problem to minimize off -site
damage.
a. Contractors Name: I
b. Contractors Address:
c. Contractors Phone:
Je
2 December 18, 1996

6: Contact the technical specialist who certified the lagoon (NRCS, Consulting
Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: C_/4-,S
b. Phone: vD9a 0
7: Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to
rectify the damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to
keep problems with release of wastes from happening again.
3 December 18, 1996

Version —November 26, 201
Mortality Management Methods 3 1-16�
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
aEl
El
E3 El
Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
Complete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost Is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached),
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance,
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4,
Signature of Farm` ner/Manager
Date
Signature of Technical Specialist
Date

3 k me-/
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority. It is especially
important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and
wet periods.
Maximum storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the
receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are
extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime, This means
that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to
a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to
receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet
periods, In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low
marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to
irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods.
Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of
state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
• Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam.
Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative
covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to
maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be
based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain
a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas
should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or
equivalent.
▪ Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled. This may be
done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of
these practices. This should be done at least once a year and
possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for
heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter
the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the lagoon that are treating
the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of
the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events, Items to be
checked should include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes,Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes ---look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

▪ Lagoon surface ---look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
• Embankment ---look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability ---slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has
any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat
of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps ---check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, or a Iarge amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you
are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping
system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some
safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time
to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full,
your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare
parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface
drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets,
and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste
treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be
coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing
(washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly.
You should inspect your diversion system for the following:
1. adequate vegetation
2, diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the
lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before
waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the
end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial
filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of
the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize
bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon
liquid volume, This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the
addition of wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below
7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of
lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid
pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate
biological activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended
if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm
season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are
optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained
and recharged each day, also work well.

Practice water conservation ---minimize building water usage and
spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through
proper maintenance and water conservation.
Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This
will reduce the amount of solids entering the lagoon
Management:
Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and
the full temporary storage level.
Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the
minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1).
Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on
nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage
will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly,
irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon
storage for the winter.
The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than I foot to the lowest
point of the dam or embankment.
Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage
level unless you are removing sludge.
Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid
surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation,
molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoon edges.
Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is
full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for
obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a
pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:

proper lagoon sizing,
mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
• have more nutrients,
• have more odor, and
▪ require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
Hire a custom applicator.
Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper -agitator impeller
pump through large -bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland;
and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul
and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm
an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back
into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader
onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close
attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains
intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should
stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can be
removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus
and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of
erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphores, it
should be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other
wastes, always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors,

Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types
of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the
dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to Iagoon failures include:
Modification of the lagoon structure ---an example is the placement of a pipe
in the dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in
lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.)
Lagoon liquid levels ---high levels are a safety risk.
Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
Liner integrity ---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge
removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater
table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quicicly cause a large discharge
of wastewater and possible dam failure.

61
Operator:STEVE GRADY11
County: DUPLIN
31—/6`b
Date: 08/18/94
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner):
0.0 feet
1. AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW)
O sows (farrow to finish)
17
O sows (farrow to feeder) x 1522 lbs. =
x 0 lbs
3672 head ( finishing only) x 135 lbs. I
lbs. = 0 lbs
x
0 sows (farrow to wean) = 495720 lbs
0 head (wean to feeder) 433 lbs. = 0 lbs
Describe other : x 30 lbs' = 0 lbs
0
Total Average Live Weight = 495720 lbs
MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW x Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. ALW
Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. ALW =
1 CF/lb. ALW
Volume = 495720 cubic feet
3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
4. TOTAL DESIGNED VOLUME
Inside top length (feet)
Inside top width (feet) 200.0
Top of dike elevation (feet) 475.056.0
56. 0
Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet) 44.0.0
Freeboard (.feet)
Side slopes (inside lagoon) 3.0
3.0 1
Total design volume using prismoidal formula
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 194.0 469.0 11.0
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH * WIDTH =
194.0 469.0
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH =
128.0 403.0
90986 (AREA OF TOP)
51584 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH * WIDTH * 4
161.0 436.0 280784 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. = [AREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOMS
90986.0 280784.0 • DEPTH/6

5. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA:
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * Width =
200.0 475.0 95000.0 square feet
Buildings (roof and lot water)
0.0 square feet Describe this area.
TOTAL DA 95000.0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to be
180 days.
5A. Volume of waste produced
Feces & urine production in gal./day per 135 lb. ALW 1.37
Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW * 1.37 gal/day 180 days
Volume = 905515 gals. or 121058.2 cubic feet
5B. Volume of wash water
This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate
the lagoon water are accounted for in SA.
Volume =
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
0.0 gallons/day * 180 days storage/7.48 gallons
per CF
5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount.
180 days excess rainfall = 7.0 inches
Volume = 7.0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 55416.7 cubic feet

SD. Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 7.5 inches / 12 inches per foot * DA
Volume = 59375.0 cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A. 121058 cubic feet
5B. 0 cubic feet
5C. 55417 cubic feet
5D. 59375 cubic feet
TOTAL 235850 cubic feet
G. SUMMARY
Temporary storage period
> 180 days
Rainfall in excess of evaporation
25 year - 24 hour rainfall 7.5 inches
Freeboard > 7.5 inches
Side slopes 1.0 feet
Inside top length
> 3.0 : 1
00
Inside top width > 475.0 feet
Top of dike elevation > 475.0 feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation 4> 56.0 feet
eet
Total required volume 15705.0 cu.
Actual design volume 7761497cu. ft.
Seasonal high watertable elevation (SHWT)===> 8.cu. ft. #
g `� 48. 0 feet
Stop pumping elev. >
Must be > or = to the SHWT elev. > 4i8.0 feet
Must be > or = to min. req. treatment el.=> 0.0 feet
eet
Required minimum treatment volume > i0 cu.
Volume at stoppumping 495720 cu. ft.
pum in elevation > 520768 cu. ft.
Start pumping elev.
Must be at bottom of freeboard & 25 yr. rainfall
4.2 feet
Actual volume less 25 yr.- 24 hr. rainfall==> 716774 cu. ft.
Volume at start pumping elevation > 704627 cu. ft.
Required volume to be pumped > 176475 cu. ft.
Actual volume planned to be pumped > 183859 cu. ft. *
Min. thickness of soil liner when required==> 1.8 feet
'. DESIGNED BY:
APPROVED BY :irAit'ja+Cq
DATE: DATE• •400¢
NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
COMMENTS:

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority, It is especially
important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and
wet periods,
Maxinium storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the
receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are
extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means
that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to
a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to
receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet
periods. In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low
marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to
irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods,
Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of
state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam
Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative
covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to
maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be
based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain
a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas
should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or
equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled, This may be
done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of
these practices. This should be done at least once a year and
possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for
heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter
the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the Iagoon that are treating
the waste.
o.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of
the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be
checked should include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes ---look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3. accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

Lagoon surface ---look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment ---look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability ---slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger Lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has
any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat
of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps ---check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, br a Iarge amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you
are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping
system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some
safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time
to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full,
your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare
parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface
drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets,
and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste
treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be
coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing
(washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly
You should inspect your diversion system for the following:
1 adequate vegetation
2, diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed to
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the
lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion,
2. Fill new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before
waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3, Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the
end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial
filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of
the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize
bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon
liquid volume, This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the
addition of wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below
7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of
lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7.0. Optimum lagoon liquid
pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate
biological activity. Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended
if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm
season.
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are
optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained
and recharged each day, also work well,

Practice water conservation ---minimize building water usage and
spillage from Ieaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through
proper maintenance and water conservation.
Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This
will reduce the amount of solids entenng the lagoon
Management:
Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and
the full temporary storage level.
Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the
minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1).
Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on
nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage
will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly,
irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum lagoon
storage for the winter.
The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest
point of the dam or embankment.
• Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage
level unless you are removing sludge.
▪ Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid
surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation,
molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the Iagoon.
Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagoonoedges.
Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is
full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for
obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a
pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:

proper lagoon sizing,
mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
• gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will.
• have more nutrients,
have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
• Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper -agitator impeller
pump through large -bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby crppland,
and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul
and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm
an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back
into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader
onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close
attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains
intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should
stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can be
removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus
and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of
erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphores, it
should -be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other
wastes; always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors,

Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types
of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the
dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
• Modification of the lagoon structure ---an example is the placement of a pipe
in the dam without proper design and construction, (Consult an expert in
lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams,)
Lagoon liquid levels ---high levels are a safety risk,
• Failure to inspect and maintain the dam.
Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
Liner integrity ---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge
removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater
table.
NOTE: If lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge
of wastewater and possible dam failure.

Operator:STEVE GRADY10
Date: 08/18/94
Distance to nearest residence (other than owner):
0.0 feet
1. AVERAGE LIVE WEIGHT (ALW)
0 sows (farrow to finish) x 1417 lbs. -
0 sows (farrow to feeder) - 0 lbs
3672 head (finishing only) x 522 lbs. = 0 lbs
0 sows (farrow to wean) 133 lbs. = 495720 lbs
0 head (wean to feeder) x 433 lbs. = 0 lbs
x 30 lbs. -
Describe other "' 0 lbs
County: DUPLIN
Volume = 495720 cubic feet
3. STORAGE VOLUME FOR SLUDGE ACCUMULATION
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
4. TOTAL DESIGNED VOLUME
Inside top length (feet) 200.0
Inside top width (feet) 475.0
Top of dike elevation (feet) 56.0
Bottom of lagoon elevation (feet) 44.0
Freeboard (feet) 1.0
Side scopes (inside lagoon) 3.0 : 1
Total design volume using prismoidal formula
SS/END1 SS/END2 SS/SIDE1 SS/SIDE2 LENGTH WIDTH DEPTH
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 194.0 469.0 11.0
0
Total Average Live Weight = 495720 ibs
MINIMUM REQUIRED TREATMENT VOLUME OF LAGOON
Volume = 495720 lbs. ALW x Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. ALW
Treatment Volume(CF)/lb. ALW =
1 CF/lb. ALW
AREA OF TOP
LENGTH * WIDTH =
194.0 469.0
AREA OF BOTTOM
LENGTH * WIDTH =
128.0 403.0
90986 (AREA OF TOP)
51584 (AREA OF BOTTOM)
AREA OF MIDSECTION
LENGTH * WIDTH * 4
161.0 436.0 280784 (AREA OF MIDSECTION * 4)
CU. FT. = [AREA TOP + (4*AREA MIDSECTION) + AREA BOTTOM]
90986.0 280784.0 515R.a DEPTH/6
rn

5. TEMPORARY STORAGE REQUIRED
DRAINAGE AREA,
Lagoon (top of dike)
Length * Width =
200.0 475.0 95000.0 square
feet
Buildings (roof and lot water)
0.0 square feet
TOTAL DA 95000.0 square feet
Design temporary storage period to be
5A. Volume of waste produced
Feces
Describe this area.
180 days.
& urine production in gal./day per 135 ib. ALW
Volume =
Volume =
495720 lbs. ALW/135 lbs. ALW * 1.37 gal/day
905515 gals. or 121058.2 cubic feet
5B. Volume of wash water
1.37
180 days
This is the amount of fresh water used for washing floors or volume
of fresh water used for a flush system. Flush systems that recirculate
the lagoon water are accounted for in 5A.
Volume =
0.0 gallons/day * 180 days storage/7.48 gallons
Volume = 0.0 cubic feet
5C. Volume of rainfall in excess of evaporation
Use period of time when rainfall exceeds evaporation by largest amount.
180 days excess rainfall
Volume = 7.0 in * DA / 12 inches per foot
Volume = 55416.7 cubic feet
7.0 inches
per CF

51). Volume of 25 year - 24 hour storm
Volume = 7.5 inches / 12 inches per foot * DA
Volume = 59375.0 cubic feet
TOTAL REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE
5A. 121058 cubic feet
5B. 0 cubic feet
5C. 55417 cubic feet
5D. 59375 cubic feet
TOTAL 235850 cubic feet
U. SUMMARY
Temporary storage period
Rainfall in excess of evaporation > 10 days
> 7.0 inches
25 year - 24 hour rainfall > 7.5 inches
Freeboard
Side slopes > 1.0 feet
3Inside top length > 0.0 1
Inside top width > 20.0 feet
Top of dike elevation > 475.0 feet
Bottom of lagoon elevation > 44.0 feet
eet
Total required volume > 7315705,0 cu.
Actual design volume > 776149 cu. ft.
Seasonal high watertable elevation (SHWT)===> 8.cu.eft. +�
Stop pumping elev. 52.0 feet
Must be > 52. 0 feet
or = to the SHWT elev. > 48.0 feet
Must be > or = to min. req. treatment el. => 50.0 feet
Required minimum treatment volume
495720 cu. ft.
Volume at stop pumping elevation
Start > 52076P, cu, ft.
pumping elev. > 54.2 feet.
Must be at bottom of freeboard & 25 yr. rainfall
Actual volume less 25 yr. - 24 hr. -rainfall==> 716774 cu. ft.
Volume at start pumping elevation >
Required volume to be pumped > 1764757064cu. ft.
Actual volume planned to be pumped cu. ft.
>
Min..thickness p p 183859cu. ft. +
of soil liner when required==>,,//1.8 feet
7. DESIGNED BY: APPROVED BY :C((//���'tQat4L40.1%?
DATE: DATE :
NOTE: SEE ATTACHED WASTE UTILIZATION PLAN
COMMENTS:

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PLAN
Proper lagoon liquid management should be a year-round priority, It is especially
important to manage levels so that you do not have problems during extended rainy and
wet periods.
Maxinium storage capacity should be available in the lagoon for periods when the
receiving crop is dormant (such as wintertime for bermudagrass) or when there are
extended rainy spells such as the thunderstorm season in the summertime. This means
that at the first signs of plant growth in the later winter/early spring, irrigation according to
a farm waste management plan should be done whenever the land is dry enough to
receive lagoon liquid. This will make storage space available in the lagoon for future wet
periods. In the late summer/early fall the lagoon should be pumped down to the low
marker (see Figure 2-1) to allow for winter storage. Every effort should be made to
maintain the lagoon close to the minimum liquid level as long as the weather and waste
utilization plan will allow it.
Waiting until the lagoon has reached its maximum storage capacity before starting to
irrigate does not leave room for storing excess water during extended wet periods.
Overflow from the lagoon for any reason except a 25-year, 24-hour storm is a violation of
state law and subject to penalty action.
The routine maintenance of a lagoon involves the following:
Maintenance of a vegetative cover for the dam,
Fescue or common bermudagrass are the most common vegetative
covers. The vegetation should be fertilized each year, if needed, to
maintain a vigorous stand. The amount of fertilizer applied should be
based on a soils test, but in the event that it is not practical to obtain
a soils test each year, the lagoon embankment and surrounding areas
should be fertilized with 800 pounds per acre of 10-10-10, or
equivalent.
Brush and trees on the embankment must be controlled, This may be
done by mowing, spraying, grazing, chopping, or a combination of
these practices. This should be done at least once a year and
possibly twice in years that weather conditions are favorable for
heavy vegetative growth.
NOTE: If vegetation is controlled by spraying, the herbicide must not be allowed to enter
the lagoon water. Such chemicals could harm the bacteria in the Iagoon that are treating
the waste.
Maintenance inspections of the entire lagoon should be made during the initial filling of
the lagoon and at least monthly and after major rainfall and storm events. Items to be
checked should include, as a minimum, the following:
Waste Inlet Pipes, Recycling Pipes, and Overflow Pipes ---look for:
1. separation of joints
2. cracks or breaks
3, accumulation of salts or minerals
4. overall condition of pipes

• Lagoon surface ---look for:
1. undesirable vegetative growth
2. floating or lodged debris
Embankment ---look for:
1. settlement, cracking, or "jug" holes
2. side slope stability ---slumps or bulges
3. wet or damp areas on the back slope
4. erosion due to lack of vegetation or as a result of wave action
5. rodent damage
Larger lagoons may be subject to liner damage due to wave action caused by strong
winds. These waves can erode the lagoon sidewalls, thereby weakening the lagoon dam.
A good stand of vegetation will reduce the potential damage caused by wave action. If
wave action causes serious damage to a lagoon sidewall, baffles in the lagoon may be
used to reduce the wave impacts.
Any of these features could lead to erosion and weakening of the dam. If your lagoon has
any of these features, you should call an appropriate expert familiar with design and
construction of waste lagoons. You may need to provide a temporary fix if there is a threat
of a waste discharge. However, a permanent solution should be reviewed by the
technical expert. Any digging into a lagoon dam with heavy equipment is a serious
undertaking with potentially serious consequences and should not be conducted unless
recommended by an appropriate technical expert.
Transfer Pumps ---check for proper operation of:
1. recycling pumps
2. irrigation pumps
Check for leaks, loose fittings, and overall pump operation. An unusually loud or grinding
noise, Or a large amount of vibration, may indicate that the pump is in need or repair or
replacement.
NOTE: Pumping systems should be inspected and operated frequently enough so that you
are not completely "surprised" by equipment failure. You should perform your pumping
system maintenance at a time when your lagoon is at its low level. This will allow some
safety time should major repairs be required. Having a nearly full lagoon is not the time
to think about switching, repairing , or borrowing pumps. Probably, if your lagoon is full,
your neighbor's lagoon is full also. You should consider maintaining an inventory of spare
parts or pumps.
Surface water diversion features are designed to carry all surface
drainage waters (such as rainfall runoff, roof drainage, gutter outlets,
and parking lot runoff) away from your lagoon and other waste
treatment or storage structures. The only water that should be
coming from your lagoon is that which comes from your flushing
(washing) system pipes and the rainfall that hits the lagoon directly.
You should inspect your diversion system for the following:
1. adequate vegetation
2. diversion capacity
3. ridge berm height

Identified problems should be corrected promptly. It is advisable to inspect your system
during or immediately following a heavy rain. If technical assistance is needed CO
determine proper solutions, consult with appropriate experts.
You should record the level of the lagoon just prior to when rain is predicted, and then
record the level again 4 to 6 hours after the rain (assumes there is no pumping). This will
give you an idea of how much your lagoon level will rise with a certain rainfall amount
(you must also be recording your rainfall for this to work). Knowing this should help in
planning irrigation applications and storage. If your lagoon rises excessively, you may
have an inflow problem from a surface water diversion or there may be seepage into the
lagoon from the surrounding land.
Lagoon Operation
Startup:
1. Immediately after construction establish a complete sod cover on bare soil
surfaces to avoid erosion.
2. Fi11 new lagoon design treatment volume at least half full of water before
waste loading begins, taking care not to erode lining or bank slopes.
3. Drainpipes into the lagoon should have a flexible pipe extender on the
end of the pipe to discharge near the bottom of the lagoon during initial
filling or another means of slowing the incoming water to avoid erosion of
the lining.
4. When possible, begin loading new lagoons in the spring to maximize
bacterial establishment (due to warmer weather).
5. It is recommended that a new lagoon be seeded with sludge from a healthy
working swine lagoon in the amount of 0.25 percent of the full lagoon
liquid volume. This seeding should occour at least two weeks prior to the
addition of wastewater.
6. Maintain a periodic check on the lagoon liquid pH. If the pH falls below
7.0, add agricultural lime at the rate of 1 pound per 1000 cubic feet of
lagoon liquid volume until the pH rises above 7,0. Optimum lagoon liquid
pH is between 7.5 and 8.0.
7. A dark color, lack of bubbling, and excessive odor signals inadequate
biological activity, Consultation with a technical specialist is recommended
if these conditions occur for prolonged periods, especially during the warm
season,
Loading:
The more frequently and regularly that wastewater is added to a lagoon, the better the
lagoon will function. Flush systems that wash waste into the lagoon several times daily are
optimum for treatment. Pit recharge systems, in which one or more buildings are drained
and recharged each day, also work well,

Practice water conservation ---minimize building water usage and
spillage from leaking waterers, broken pipes and washdown through
proper maintenance and water conservation.
Minimize feed wastage and spillage by keeping feeders adjusted. This
will reduce the amount of solids entenng the lagoon
Management:
Maintain lagoon liquid level between the permanent storage level and
the full temporary storage level.
Place visible markers or stakes on the lagoon bank to show the
minimum liquid level and the maximum liquid lever (Figure 2-1).
Start irrigating at the earliest possible date in the spring based on
nutrient requirements and soil moisture so that temporary storage
will be maximized for the summer thunderstorm season. Similarly,
irrigate in the late summer/early fall to provide maximum Iagoon
storage for the winter.
▪ The lagoon liquid level should never be closer than 1 foot to the lowest
point of the dam or embankment.
• Do not pump the lagoon liquid level lower that the permanent storage
level unless you are removing sludge.
Locate float pump intakes approximately 18 inches underneath the liquid
surface and as far away from the drainpipe inlets as possible.
Prevent additions of bedding materials, long-stemmed forage or vegetation,
molded feed, plastic syringes, or other foreign materials into the lagoon.
▪ Frequently remove solids from catch basins at end of confinement houses or
wherever they are installed.
• Maintain strict vegetation, rodent, and varmint control near lagooneedges.
Do not allow trees or large bushes to grow on lagoon dam or embankment.
Remove sludge from the lagoon either when the sludge storage capacity is
full or before it fills 50 percent of the permanent storage volume.
• If animal production is to be terminated, the owner is responsible for
obtaining and implementing a closure plan to eliminate the possibility of a
pollutant discharge.
Sludge Removal:
Rate of lagoon sludge buildup can be reduced by:

proper lagoon sizing,
mechanical solids separation of flushed waste,
▪ gravity settling of flushed waste solids in an appropriately designed basin, or
• minimizing feed wastage and spillage.
Lagoon sludge that is removed annually rather than stored long term will:
▪ have more nutrients,
have more odor, and
• require more land to properly use the nutrients.
Removal techniques:
• Hire a custom applicator.
Mix the sludge and lagoon liquid with a chopper -agitator impeller
pump through large -bore sprinkler irrigation system onto nearby cropland;
and soil incorporate.
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; mix remaining sludge; pump into liquid sludge applicator; haul
and spread onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate,
Dewater the upper part of lagoon by irrigation onto nearby cropland or
forageland; dredge sludge from lagoon with dragline or sludge barge; berm
an area beside lagoon to receive the sludge so that liquids can drain back
into lagoon; allow sludge to dewater; haul and spread with manure spreader
onto cropland or forageland; and soil incorporate.
Regardless of the method, you must have the sludge material analyzed for waste
constituents just as you would your lagoon water. The sludge will contain different
nutrient and metal values from the liquid. The application of the sludge to fields will be
limited by these nutrients as well as any previous waste applications to that field and crop
requirement. Waste application rates will be discussed in detail in Chapter 3.
When°removing sludge, you must also pay attention to the liner to prevent damage. Close
attention by the pumper or drag -line operator will ensure that the lagoon liner remains
intact. If you see soil material or the synthetic liner material being disturbed, you should
stop the activity immediately and not resume until you are sure that the sludge can,,,be
removed without liner injury. If the liner is damaged it must be repaired as soon as
possible.
Sludge removed from the lagoon has a much higher phosphorus and heavy metal content
than liquid. Because of this it should probably be applied to land with low phosphorus
and metal levels, as indicated by a soil test, and incorporated to reduce the chance of
erosion. Note that if the sludge is applied to fields with very high soil -test phosphores, it
should"be applied only at rates equal to the crop removal of phosphorus. As with other
wastes; always have your lagoon sludge analyzed for its nutrient value.
The application of sludge will increase the amount of odor at the waste application site.
Extra precaution should be used to observe the wind direction and other conditions which
could increase the concern of neighbors,

Possible Causes of Lagoon Failure
Lagoon failures result in the unplanned discharge of wastewater from the structure. Types
of failures include leakage through the bottom or sides, overtopping, and breach of the
dam. Assuming proper design and construction, the owner has the responsibility for
ensuring structure safety. Items which may lead to lagoon failures include:
Modification of the lagoon structure ---an example is the placement of a pipe
in the dam without proper design and construction. (Consult an expert in
lagoon design before placing any pipes in dams.)
• Lagoon liquid levels ---high levels are a safety risk,
• Failure to inspect and maintain the darn,
• Excess surface water flowing into the lagoon.
Liner integrity ---protect from inlet pipe scouring, damage during sludge
removal, or rupture from lowering lagoon liquid level below groundwater
table.
NOTE: If Lagoon water is allowed to overtop the dam, the moving water will soon cause
gullies to form in the dam. Once this damage starts, it can quickly cause a large discharge
of wastewater and possible dam failure.