20140957 Ver 1_FERC App Filing Notice_20151013

701 East Cary Street
Richmond, vAzszls
/
/
October 2, 2015
/c
]ennJerBundette ~
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resoureces
1601 Mail Service Ctc
Raleigh, NC 27699-160I
�� � �� !
��������
RE: Atlantic Coast Pipeline Certificate Application Filing Notification: Docket Number: CP15-554-000
Dear Jennifer Burclette:
For the past year, Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC (Atlantic) has been sharing information about the Atlantic Coast
Pipeline (ACP) project with individuals and communities all along the proposed 564-mile route. The abundant
supply of natural gas that would flow safely and reliably through this pipeline is needed by utilities within the
project area to generate electricity, heat homes and businesses and meet growing domestic demand for
energy.
On September 18, Atlantic officially applied to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for
authorization to build and operate the ACP. Atlantic has applied for what's called a Certificate of Public
Convenience and Necessity (Certificate). FERC recently published a Notice of Application (NOA) for the project
signifying its acceptance of the filing of Atlantic's Application.
During this Application Phase, FERC will begin work on a Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS). When
the DEIS is issued, FERC will initiate a public comment period and may host public meetings to gather
additional information. Interested parties may attend the public meetings and/or submit written comments
directly to FERC. Following the designated comment period, FERC will address comments, issue a Final EIS and
then, if the project is approved, issue the Certificate.
if approved, the ACP could affect your community.
FERC has jurisdiction over all natural gas transmission pipelines, such as ACP, under the Natural Gas Act. In
accordance with FERC regulations, potentially affected property owners also have received the enclosed
information noakyha|s.
• FERCs Notice ofApplication
• FERC Landowner Brochure: An Interstate Natural Gas Facility on My Land? What Do I Need to know?
• ACP Project Overview Map
• List of libraries where you can view a copy of Atlantic's Application to FEKC
FERC has assigned this project a new docket number* for the Application Phase: CP15-554-000
ACID materials submitted to or issued from FERC will be available in the FERC eLibrary at www.ferc.Rov
Registration is free and the site is searchable by docket number. If you want to ask questions of FERC about
the project, be sure tu use docket number CP15-554-ODO.
*During the Pre-Filing Phase, the docket number for this project was PF15-6-000.

About the ACP
As proposed, the ACP would be capable of delivering about 1.5 million dekatherms (equivalent to about 1.5
billion cubic feet) per day of natural gas to markets in Virginia and North Carolina. The partners in the project
—Donoiniun,DukeEnergy PiedmontNatura|GasandAGLResources — aneenergyuti|itiesthatneedthe
natural gas for electricity generation, for heating homes and businesses and for meeting demand growth from
their customers. Dominion Transmission, Inc. (DTI) the interstate gas transmission subsidiary of Dominion
would construct and operate the ACID. DTI is a provider of gas transportation and storage services and
operates nearly 8,000 miles of interstate pipeline in six states.
The new, underground 564-mile interstate natural gas transmission pipeline would begin in Harrison County,
West Virginia, travel southeast through Virginia and then proceed south to Robeson County in North Carolina.
In West Virginia and Virginia, the pipeline would be 42 inches in diameter. In North Carolina, the pipeline
would be 36 inches in diameter. Three extensions are planned in Virginia, including 20-inch diameter lateral
to Chesapeake and 16-inch diameter laterals in both Brunswick and Greensville Counties. Compressor stations
to maintain the flow of natural gas are proposed in Lewis County, West Virginia; Buckingham County, Virginia;
and Northampton County, North Carolina. To see where your property is located in relation to Atlantic's
current, proposed route, please visit the ACPvvebsiteto view an interactive map (vvvvvv.dom.cmm/A[pioe|ine\.
Atlantic land agents began contacting landowners and agencies in May 2014 to obtain permission to survey.
Atlantic has surveyed approximately 85 percent of the pipeline route reflected in the Certificate Application.
Agents recently began to meet with landowners to negotiate easements that will allow the construction,
operation and maintenance of the ACP. Landowners will receive fair compensation for any property used for
the pipeline and for any damages caused by pipeline construction or ope ratio n-related activities. Included
with this letter isa summary oflandowner rights. Please know that Atlantic's preferred approach is always to
negotiate fairly and reach voluntary agreements with landowners so that the use of eminent domain is not
If approved, Atlantic would begin construction in the Fall of 2016. The ACP would go into service late in 2018.
Project Contacts: FERC
• Mail: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FEK[), 8DD First Street NE, Washington, DI.2O426
• Electronic submittals: www.fu/c.Rov/he|P(hovvto/eromment.asn:
Project Contacts: ACP Project Team
• Point of contact: Carole McCoy
• VVebsite:wwwdomzom/A[pipeUne
• Facebook: Atlantic Coast Pipeline
• General inquiry toll-free number: 844-2I5J8I3
• Emai|:A[pipe|ine@domzom
Safety is our number one priority on this and all projects. ACP would be designed, constructed and operated
safely. We look forward to working with you and other stakeholders throughout this process.
Sincemky,
Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LXY
Carole A. McCoy, Authorized Representative
Enclosures

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC Docket Nos. CP15 -554 -000
PF15 -6 -000
Dominion Transmission, Inc. CP15- 555 -000
PF 1.5 -5 -000
Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC and Piedmont Natural Gas Company, Inc. CP15 -556 -000
NOTICE OF APPLICATION
(October 2, 2015)
Take notice that on September 1.8, 2015, Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC (ACP), 120
Tredgar Street, Richmond, Virginia 2321.9 fled an application under section 7(c) of the Natural
Gas Act and Part 157 of the Commission's regulations requesting authorization to install,
construct, own, operate and maintain certain natural gas pipeline facilities for its Atlantic Coast
Pipeline project consisting of. i) approximately 564.1 miles of various diameter pipeline; ii) three
greenfield compressor stations totaling 117,545 horsepower (HP) of compression; and iii)
various appurtenant and auxiliary facilities designed to transport up to approximately 1.5 million
dekatherms per day (MMDth/d) of natural gas. Facilities to be constructed are located in
Harrison, Lewis, Upshur, Randolph, and Pocahontas Counties, West Virginia; Highland,
Augusta, Nelson, Buckingham, Cumberland, Prince Edward, Nottoway, Dinwiddie, Brunswick,
Greensville and Southampton Counties and the Cities of Suffolk and Chesapeake, Virginia; and
Northampton, Halifax, Nash, Wilson, Johnston, Sampson, Cumberland and Robeson Counties,
North Carolina. Additionally, ACP is seeking Blanket Certificates of public convenience and
necessity pursuant to Part 284, Subpart G authorizing the transportation of natural gas for others,
and Part 157, Subpart F authorizing certain facility construction, operation and abandonment
activities, all as more fully described in the application.
In a related filing, on September 1.8, 2015, Dominion Transmission, Inc. (DTI), 707 East
Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, filed under sections 7(b) and 7(c) of the Natural Gas
Act and Part 157 of the Commission's regulations requesting authorization to abandon, install,
construct, own, operate and maintain certain natural gas pipeline facilities for its Supply Header
Project (Supply Header) located in Westmoreland and Greene Counties, Pennsylvania; and
Harrison, Doddridge, Tyler, Wetzel, and Marshall Counties, West Virginia. The Supply Header
would provide transportation service of approximately 1.5 MMDth/d from supply areas on the
DTI system for delivery to the ACP. The Supply Header facilities would consist of: i) two
pipeline loops of 30 -inch diameter pipeline totaling 37.5 miles; ii) added compression at three
existing compressor stations totaling 70,530 HP; and iii) various appurtenant and auxiliary
facilities. DTI also proposes to abandon two compressor units in Wetzel County, West Virginia,
all as more fully described in the application.
Finally, on September 18, 2015, ACP and Piedmont Natural Gas Company, Inc.
(Piedmont), 4720 Piedmont Row Drive, Charlotte, North Carolina 28210, filed a joint
application under section 7(c) of the NGA and Part 157 of the Commission's regulations seeking

Docket No. CP15- 554 -000, et al. 2
authorization of a lease pursuant to which ACP will lease capacity (Lease) on Piedmont's system
for use by ACP in providing service under its FERC Gas Tariff, primarily for the Public Service
Company of North Carolina, Inc. Piedmont, a local distribution company (LDC), also requests a
limited jurisdiction certificate in order to enter into the Lease with ACP for the interstate
transportation of gas through Piedmont's facilities. Piedmont also requests a determination that
the Lease will not affect its status and a LDC not otherwise subject to Commission regulation, all
as more fully described in the application.
The filings may also be viewed on the web at httr): / /www.ferc.�ov using the "eLibrary"
link. Enter the docket number excluding the last three digits in the docket number field to access
the document. For assistance, please contact FERC at FERCOnIineSupport(a fere.�ov or toll free
at (866) 208 -3676, or TTY, (202) 502 -8659.
Any questions regarding ACP's or DTI's projects should be directed to Angela Woolard,
Gas Transmission Certificates, Dominion Transmission, Inc., 701 East Cary Street, Richmond,
Virginia 23219; telephone: [phone].
Any questions regarding the ACP — Piedmont Lease should be directed to Matthew Bley,
Director, Gas Transmission Certificates, Dominion Transmission, Inc., 701 East Cary Street,
Richmond, Virginia 23219; telephone: 866 - 319 -3382.
On November 13, 2014, the Commission staff granted ACP's and DTI's requests to
utilize the National. Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Pre - Filing Process and assigned Docket
Nos. PF15 -6 -000 and PF15 -5 -000, respectively to staff activities involving the combined
Atlantic Coast Pipeline and Supply Header projects. Now, as of the filing of the applications on
September 18, 2015, the NEPA Pre - Filing Process for this project has ended. From this time
forward, this proceeding will be conducted in Docket No. CP15- 554 -000 for the Atlantic Coast
Pipeline and CP15 -555 -000 for DTI's Supply Header project, as noted in the caption of this
Notice.
Within 90 days after the Commission issues a Notice of Application for the ACP, Supply
Header and ACP — Piedmont Lease projects, the Commission staff will issue a Notice of
Schedule for Environmental Review that will indicate the anticipated date for the Commission's
staff issuance of the final EIS analyzing both the three proposals. The issuance of a Notice of
Schedule for Environmental Review will also serve to notify federal and state agencies of the
timing for the completion of all necessary reviews, and the subsequent need to complete all
federal authorizations within 90 days of the date of issuance of the Commission staff s final
EIS.
There are two ways to become involved in the Commission's review of this project. First,
any person wishing to obtain legal status by becoming a party to the proceedings for this project
should, on or before the comment date stated below, file with the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission, 888 First Street, NE, Washington, DC 20426, a motion to intervene in accordance
with the requirements of the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure (18 CFR 385.214 or
385211) and the Regulations under the NGA (18 CFR 157.10). A person obtaining party status
will be placed on the service list maintained by the Secretary of the Commission and will receive

Docket No. CP15 -554 -000, et al. 3
copies of all documents filed by the applicant and by all other parties. A party must submit 7
copies of filings made with the Commission and must mail a copy to the applicant and to every
other party in the proceeding. Only parties to the proceeding can ask for court review of
Commission orders in the proceeding.
However, a person does not have to intervene in order to have comments considered.
The second way to participate is by filing with the Secretary of the Commission, as soon as
possible, an original and two copies of comments in support of or in opposition to this project.
The Commission will consider these comments in determining the appropriate action to be taken,
but the filing of a comment alone will not serve to make the filer a party to the proceeding. The
Commission's rules require that persons filing comments in opposition to the project provide
copies of their protests only to the party or parties directly involved in the protest.
Persons who wish to comment only on the environmental review of this project should
submit an original and two copies of their comments to the Secretary of the Commission.
Environmental commenters will be placed on the Commission's environmental mailing list, will
receive copies of the environmental documents, and will be notified of meetings associated with
the Commission's environmental review process. Environmental commenters will not be
required to serve copies of filed documents on all other parties. However, the non -party
commenters will not receive copies of all documents filed by other parties or issued by the
Commission (except for the mailing of environmental documents issued by the Commission) and
will not have the right to seek court review of the Commission's final order.
The Commission strongly encourages electronic filings of comments, protests and
interventions in lieu of paper using the "eFiling" link at htti): / /www.ferc.i-,ov. Persons unable to
file electronically should submit an original and 5 copies of the protest or intervention to the
Federal Energy regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, NE, Washington, DC 20426.
Comment Date: 5:OOpm Eastern Time on October 23, 2015
Kimberly D. Bose,
Secretary.

Harrison I o,
,�• �� Germ ,,..., ,
C3¢ Blue Ridge Parkway
West Virginia
Appalachian Trail
Lewis F r 'nt
Ups °r j% P >.a `
Arlin( O National Park or Monument
}j National Forest
q /r
.Shenandoah tatnrsas
Randolph National Park Service
National Park C, ,
r Dale ihi
! lllllll, USDA Forest Service
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
}�• tbur•g
Monongahela
National r r `�<� E,. Dept. of Defense /Military
Forest
P Pocahontas Highland U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
� s ',e n'• r'
Other Federal Land
Washington Augusta r _,h, rk,11 le
\ NationaliForest / _ _ + i
�,,�
AP -1
;.,.r
r '✓ Nelson
r. Buckingham h1e dt amc s v dl e
Richmond Highland sprIn,J,
° 7.
J efferson t"' Heicht !
National e • O t ,s, Chester
,Foresi H ins
F' sbura
E' g Prince -,
e `.prong Edward o t F n
o f
ord hrc liar ury Nottoway; Dinwiddie ( I7il:�t,y1
Blue Ridge AP -4 - Greensville AP-3
Parkway t a 6 .
a4 r
r3 \. ! +Brun�s�w�ick Southampton'° °'It Chesapeake
I? ,
Suffolk -4
flartne.;dle Virginia
e lay ,,.,
North Carolina Northampton Great Dismal F lit:41 1
°3 m Swamp National t
R•+d -.rdb' ✓ I: , Wildlife Refuge
Henderson f
tr /
Halifax
Winston-Salem Kernerwille �,HI ko
Graham Wake
Greensboro -_ Forest Nash :QJ "ki
Clemmons put a
1 lAvunl Tarboro }yt,q ► s
Chapel
ry
Lexington t Hill Ca
Statesville Wilson_ _
- - O Game[ I ,Johnston . yn�t
Salisbury Asheboro �
't AP-2 Mooresville FwTuay- E '- n D reem,olle ,
Kan napolis` E. ithtt Id
i 1 Sanford 0
Mlle F' e - - ,,:ddJb,r: �•:�
ter,
Albemarle �,, Dunn
Kinston
Char Otte l m,erland
i Bern
.,l.4att he* s S �? k� Fa' =t vile
i,pp
ill r Sampson1
vlonh' <, to k
Burg 01 {
0 20 40
' Robeson `'•;
Miles Lum on
e 1
ACP Main Line
Atlantic — ACP Lateral Atlantic Coast Pipeline
COast Q Compressor Station Project Overview Map\
RINeGne M Metering & Regulation
F1 Station
FILE: M:\ Clients \D- F\DOM \SRPP \_ArcG]S\ Public_ Affairs \NOA \_ DRS _ACP_NOA_Overview.mxd, REVISED: 09/14/2015, SCALE: 1:2,400,000 DRAWN BY: McGregor

Aidanift Certificate Application Filing
Coast Libraries of Record
Pipeline
Following is a list of libraries that received a copy of the Atlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC Application to the Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) requesting a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for
authorization to construct and operate the Atlantic Coast Pipeline (ACP). The Application is available for review at
these locations, as well as on the FERC docket at http: / /eiibrary.fer�ov and on the ACP website at
www.dom.com /ACPipeline.
West Virginia
HARRISON COUNTY
Clarksburg- Harrison Public
Library
404 W. Pike Street
Clarksburg, WV 26301
LEWIS COUNTY
Louis Bennet Public Library
148 Court Ave.
Weston, WV 26452
UPSHUR COUNTY
Upshur County Public Library
115 Route 20 South Rd.
Buckhannon, WV 26201
RANDOLPH COUNTY
Elkins - Randolph County Public
Library
416 Davis Ave.
Elkins, WV 26241
POCAHONTAS COUNTY
Pocahontas County Library
5008 th Street
Marlinton, WV 24954
Virginia
HIGHLAND COUNTY
Highland County Public Library
10 Water Street
Monterey, VA 24465
AUGUSTA COUNTY
Staunton Public Library
1 Churchville Ave
Staunton, VA 24401
NELSON COUNTY
Nelson Memorial Library
8521 Thomas Nelson Hwy
Lovingston, VA 22949
BUCKINGHAM COUNTY
Buckingham County Public
Library
1140 Main St.
Dillwyn, VA 23936
CUMBERLAND COUNTY
Cumberland County Public
Library
1539 Anderson Hwy.
Cumberland, VA 23040
PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY
Farmville Prince Edward
Community Library
1303 W. 3rd Street
Farmville, VA 23901
NOTTOWAY COUNTY
Nottoway County Public
Library
414 Tyler Street
Crewe, VA 23930
DINWIDDIE COUNTY
Dinwiddie Library
14103 Boydton Plank Rd
Dinwiddie, VA 23841
BRUNSWICK COUNTY
Meherrin Regional Library
133 Hicks Street
Lawrenceville, VA 23868
GREENSVILLE COUNTY
Richardson Memorial Library
100 Spring Street
Emporia, VA 23847
SOUTHAMPTON COUNTY
Walter Cecil Rawls Library
22511 Main Street
Courtland, VA 23837
CITY OF SUFFOLK
Morgan Memorial Library
443 W. Washington Street
Suffolk, VA 23434
CITY OF CHESAPEAKE
Chesapeake Public Library
298 Cedar Road
Chesapeake, VA 23322
North Carolina
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY
Northampton County
Memorial Library
207 West Jefferson
Jackson, NC 27845
HALIFAX COUNTY
Halifax County Library
33 Granville Street
Halifax, NC 27839
NASH COUNTY
Harold D. Cooley Library
114 West Church Street
Nashville, NC 27856
WILSON COUNTY
Wilson County Public Library
249 Nash Street W.
Wilson, NC 27893
JOHNSTON COUNTY
Public Library of Johnston
County and Smithfield
305 E. Market Street
Smithfield, NC 27577
SAMPSON COUNTY
Sampson - Clinton Public
Library
217 Graham Street
Clinton, NC 28328
CUMBERLAND COUNTY
Cumberland County Public
Library and Information
Center
300 Maiden Lane
Fayetteville, NC 28301
ROBESON COUNTY
Robeson County Public Library
101 N. Chestnut Street
Lumberton, NC 28359

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS
FACILITY ON MY LAND?
WHAT DO I
NEED TO KNOW?
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission is charged by Congress
with evaluating whether interstate natural gas pipeline projects
proposed by private companies should be approved. The Federal
government does not propose, construct, operate, or own such
projects. The Commission's determination whether to approve such
a project may affect you if your land is where a natural gas pipeline,
other facilities, or underground storage fields might be located.
We want you to know:
■ How the Commission's procedures work;
■ What rights you have;
■ How the location of a pipeline or other facilities is decided; and
■ What safety and environmental issues might be involved.

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
PROCESS FOR NATURAL
GAS CERTIFICATES
Use of the Pre- Filing
{ Environmental Review (PF)
I\ Process is Approved (voluntary
Applicant files FERC
Application
1
FERC Issues Notice of
Application
Conduct Scoping
(if the PF Process is not used)
1
Issue EA or
Draft EIS
T
Respond to environmental
` comments / Issue Final EIS
i Commission Issue
Order
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
CONTENTS
Background................................................................ ..............................4
How the Process Begins .......................................... ..............................5
Key Issues Involving Location of the Project .... ..............................8
Pipeline Installation Sequence ......................... ............................... 11
Pipeline Construction ......................................... ............................... 12
Abandonment....................................................... ............................... 14
StorageFields ........................................................ ............................... 15
LNGFacilities ......................................................... ............................... 20
Compressor Stations ........................................... ............................... 20
The Responsibilities of Gas Companies .......... ............................... 22
Important Safety Issues ...................................... ............................... 25
Further Environmental Issues ........................... ............................... 26
Additional Information ...................................... ............................... 27
Glossaryof Terms ................................................. ............................... 28
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION 3;
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
BAC KGROUN D
The Commission approves the location, construction and operation of
interstate pipelines, facilities and storage fields involved in moving natural gas
across state boundaries. The Commission also approves the abandonment of
these facilities.
Interstate pipelines crisscross the United States, moving nearly a quarter of the
nation's energy long distances to markets in the 48 contiguous states, and are
vital to the economy. Although pipelines generally are buried underground,
they may have associated facilities that are above - ground such as taps, valves,
metering stations, interconnection, pig launchers, pig receivers, or compressor
stations. A natural gas storage field includes subsurface gas storage rights and
there may be storage field pipelines and gas wells associated with the storage
rights. A Pipeline Glossary is provided at the end of this brochure to help you
understand some of the technical terms that are associated with pipeline
construction and above - ground facilities.
If a proposed pipeline route is on, or abuts your land, you will probably
first learn of this from the natural gas company as it plans and studies the
route during either the Commission's voluntary Pre -filing Process or in the
application development process. Once a company files an application
requesting the Commission to issue a certificate authorizing the construction
of a pipeline project, the company will mail you a copy of this brochure and
other information within three days of the Commission issuing a Notice of
Application. The Commission's staff will prepare an environmental study of
the proposal; either an Environmental Impact Statement or an Environmental
Assessment, depending on the scope of the project. For major construction
projects, local media may be notified and public meetings may be held. You
will have an opportunity to express your views and to have them considered.
You will also have the opportunity to learn the views of other interested parties.
The Commission may approve the project, with or without modifications, or
reject it. If it is approved and you fail to reach an easement agreement with the
company, access to and compensation for use of your land will be determined
by a court.
Understandably, the location of pipelines and other facilities may be of concern to
landowners. The Commission's process for assessing pipeline applications is open
and public, and designed to keep all parties informed.
WHAT DO 1 NEED TO KNOW?
This brochure generally explains the Commission's certificate process and
addresses some of the basic concerns of landowners. The Commission's Office of
External Affairs at 1- 866 - 208 -3372 will be happy to answer any further
questions about the procedures involved.
HOW THE PROCESS BEGINS
....... ..............................s
Q. How will 1 first hear about proposed facility construction?
A: If you are located in the vicinity of the project you may first learn of it
through newspaper notices. If you are an owner of property that may be
affected by the project, you will probably first hear of it from the natural gas
company as it collects the environmental informatiot or conducts surveys
required for the Commission application. The compxiy may ask you for
permission to access your land to conduct civil and (�Ivironmental surveys.
It is also possible that the company will contact you to discuss obtaining an
easement prior to filing the application. In the case of a compressor station or
other above - ground facility, the company will often offer to purchase, or obtain
an option to purchase, the property for the station or facility. This usually occurs
prior to the filing of the application.
For a storage field, rights on certain parcels of land may only involve subsurface
storage rights. The company will also notify you of the filing of the application
with the Commission.
. ...............................
Q. How can I obtain more details about
the company's application?
.......... ...............................
A: A copy of the company's application can be obtained from the company,
although the company is not obligated to provide voluminous material
or material that is difficult to reproduce. You may also obtain a copy for a
nominal copying charge from the Commission's Public Reference Room. Call
202 -S02 -8371 for details. The application may also be obtained through the
Commission's Web site, www.ferc.gov, using the "el-ibrary" link and the project's
docket number. User assistance is available at 1 -866- 208 -3676. Within three days
of assignment of a docket number, the application will also be available in at
least one location in each county in which the facility is located.
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
5

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
Note that in some cases you will not be able to view or print copies of large -
scale maps or similar information about the location of the project from the
Commission's Web site. However, the Web site will provide instructions for
obtaining the material.
Q: How do 1 make my views known?
..... ...............................
A: You may contact the natural gas company through the contact person listed
in the notification letter you receive from the company.
There are two ways to make your views known to the Commission: first, if you
want the Commission to consider your views on the various environmental issues
involved in the location of the facility, you can do so by simply writing a letter.
When submitting a letter to the Secretary of the Commission, you should identify
the project's docket number in order for the comment to be successfully entered
into the record on the eLibrary system.
There are several steps in the Commission's environmental review process.
The Commission affords you the opportunity to comment at various stages
in this process. Details are available from the Commission's Office of External
Affairs at 1- 866 - 208 -3372. Check the Commission's Web site for details on filing
electronically. By filing comments, your views will be considered and addressed
in the environmental documents or a final order. Additionally, you will be placed
on a mailing list to receive environmental documents in the case. You can also use
eRegistration and e5ubscription (see www.ferc.gov) to keep track of individual
proceedings at FERC. Users with an eRegistration account may subscribe to
specific dockets and receive email notification when a document
is added to eLibrary for the subscribed docket.
Q: What is an intervenor?
A: You may file to become what is known as an intervenor. You may obtain
instructions on how to do this from the Office of External Affairs or on our
Web site at http: / /www.ferc.gov /help /how -to /intervene. asp. Becoming an
intervenor is not complicated and gives you official rights. As an intervenor, you
will receive the applicant's filings and other Commission documents related
to the case and materials filed by other interested parties. You will also be able
to file briefs, appear at hearings and be heard by the courts if you choose to
appeal the Commission's final ruling. However, along with these rights come
responsibilities. As an intervenor, you will be obligated to mail copies of what
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
you file with the Commission to all the other parties at the time of filing. In
major cases, there may be hundreds of parties. You may file to become an
intervenor by sending a request to intervene by mail or overnight services to:
Secretary
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
888 First Street, N.E.
Washington, DC 20426
We prefer that comments or requests for intervention be submitted
electronically through the Commission's Web site ( www.ferc.gov). If you
submit comments or requests through eFiling or eComment, there is no need
to send paper copies. However, if you submit a request for intervention through
the mail, you should include 14 copies of your request.
You must normally file for intervenor status within 21 days of our notice of
the application in the Federal Register, although the Commission may accept
late intervention if good reasons are given. Visit the Federal Register at
http:// www .gpoaccess.govlfrlindex.htmi. You may also file for intervenor status
for the purposes of addressing environmental issues during the comment period
for a draft environmental impact statement.
Please note: "PF" dockets are assigned to projects that are in the pre -filing or
planning stage. There is no provision for becoming an intervenor in PF dockets.
However, once the pre -filing stage has been completed and an application has been
filed, you may file for intervenor status.
CUSTOMER ASSISTANCE
For further assistance and public inquiries, please contact:
Office of External Affairs
1- 202 - 502 -8004 1 -866- 208 -3372 (Toll -free)
customer @ferc.gov
For assistance with ferc.gov or eFiling, please contact:
FERC Online Technical Support
1- 202 -502 -6652 1- 866 - 208 -3676 (Toll -free)
[e-mail]
For materials and copying assistance, please contact:
Public Reference Room
1- 202 - 502 -8371 1- 866 - 208 -3676 (Toll -free)
public.referenceroom @ferc.gov
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
7

•
AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
KEY ISSUES INVOLVING
LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
1111 ........1...1..1..1........,..
Q: How is the pipeline route, compressor station or storage field
location selected?
A: The natural gas company proposes the route or location, which is then
examined by the Commission. The company must study alternative routes or
locations to avoid or minimize damage to the environment. The Commission,
intervenors, or any commenter may also suggest alternatives and modifications
to reduce the effects on buildings, fences, crops, water supplies, soil, vegetation,
wildlife, air quality, noise, safety, landowner interests and more. The Commission
staff's Alternatives analysis will consider whether the pipeline can be placed
near or within an existing pipeline, power line, highway or railroad right -of -way.
Storage fields are usually located in depleted oil or natural gas production fields
or in salt deposits. Therefore, their location is fixed by geologic conditions.
However, the facilities needed to develop and use a storage field can be moved
to some extent.
Q: How do natural gas companies obtain a right -of -way?
A: The company negotiates a right -of -way easement and compensation for the
easement with each landowner. Landowners may be paid for loss of certain uses
of the land during and after construction, loss of any other resources, and any
damage to property. If the Commission approves the project and no agreement
with the landowner is reached, the company may acquire the easement under
eminent domain (a right given to the company by statute to take private land
for Commission - authorized use) with a court determining compensation.
Q: Who pays taxes on the right -of -way?
A: The landowner pays taxes on the right -of -way unless a local taxing authority
grants relief. The company simply has an easement across a portion of the land.
Q: How large is the right -of -way and how is it maintained?
....... ...............................
A: It is generally 7S to 100 feet wide during construction, although extra space is
usually required at road or stream crossings or because of soil conditions.
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO 1 NEED TO KNOW?
The permanent right -of -way is usually about SO feet wide. Routine mowing or
cutting of vegetation is done no more than once every three years. A ten -foot-
wide corridor, centered on the pipeline, may be mowed or cut more frequently
to facilitate periodic surveys and inspections. In cropland and residential areas
the right -of -way is maintained by the landowner consistent with the presence of
a pipeline.
.... ..............................I
Q: How large is a compressor station or storage field?
A: Usually the natural gas company
purchases ten to forty acres for a
compressor station, of which about five
acres are actually used for construction.
A storage field could encompass many
hundreds or even thousands of acres,
depending on the geologic structure.
Storage fields also frequently include a
buffer zone or protection area forming
a halo of some hundreds of acres
surrounding the storage field itself.
Compressor Station
.......................... 1 .,,..
Q. Must the company comply with local, county and state laws
and zoning ordinances?
A: Generally, yes. If there is a conflict, however, between these requirements and
what the Commission requires; the Commission requirement prevails.
...........................,
Q. How close can I build to the facilities?
... .............................<.
A: For a pipeline this depends on the terms of the easement agreement. But
build is usually allowed up to the edge of the right -of -way.
For a compressor station, the site is usually owned by the company. If you own
property adjacent to the site, you may build on it.
For storage fields, unless there are surface facilities or pipelines, you may build
anywhere on the surface. If you or someone else wishes to drill wells which
would penetrate the storage formation, you must coordinate that activity with
the company, and usually the state authority regulating well drilling.
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
N

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
..... ...............................
Q: What about bushes, trees, fences, driveways and so forth?
A: Trees with roots that may damage the pipeline or its coating and other
obstructions that prevent observation from aircraft during maintenance are
usually not allowed. Driveways and other improvements without foundations
are normally allowed. All improvements are subject to the terms of the
easement and are subject to negotiation as long as the pipeline maintenance
and safety are not affected.
Q. Ho** w long will the right -of- -way be there?
A: Part of it is temporary and will be restored immediately after construction.
The permanent right -of -way will remain until the Commission determines it can
be abandoned by the pipeline company. This can be 20 to 50 years or more.
Q:. In general,'will I still be able to use the right -of -way?
A: The easement agreement will specify restricted uses on or across the right -
of -way and any types of uses for which the company's permission must be
sought. The continuation of past agricultural uses and practices on or across
the right -of -way would be permitted. Buildings and large trees are usually not
allowed. Special uses or activities that might have an impact on pipeline design
(such as planned logging roads or drain tiles) should be negotiated with the
pipeline company to minimize future conflicts.
Q: To what depth would the pipeline be buried underground?
..... ...............................
A: The depth of cover for natural gas
pipelines is regulated by the Pipeline and
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration,
within the U.S. Department of
Transportation. In normal soil conditions,
the minimum required is 30 -36 inches
between the top of the pipeline and the
land surface. Additional cover is provided
at road and waterbody crossings, while less
cover (a minimum of 18 inches) is required in consolidated rock. In special cases,
the pipeline could be buried deeper (48 – 60 inches) where agricultural practices
or other issues warrant additional cover.
10 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
Q: What if 1 have problems with erosion or other issues during
restoration and /or maintenance of the right -of -way?
A: The landowner should first contact the natural gas company to address
and resolve the issue. If the landowner is not satisfied that the problem has
been adequately addressed, he or she can contact the Commission's Dispute
Resolution Division Helpline at (877) 337 -2237 or send an email to,ferc.adraferc.
9-0V•
PIPELINE INSTALLATION SEC ±UENCE
After a company has received authorization from FERC as well as all
necessary permits, and has an easement on a property, construction
would proceed as follows:
1)The civil survey (and any uncompleted environmental surveys) would be
completed and the construction right -of -way would be marked /staked
for the clearing crew.
2)The clearing crew would remove any trees or brush within the right -of-
way that would interfere with construction.
3)Temporary erosion control devices would be installed as required.
4) Next, the right -of -way would be graded.
S)Topsoil would be separated from subsoil in agricultural /residential areas
(or in other areas requested during the easement negotiations).
6) Heavy equipment, such as backhoes or trenching machines, would then
dig the trench. In areas where bedrock is near the surface, blasting may
be required.
7) The pipe would be delivered to the right -of -way in segments (called
joints).
8)The pipe would be bent to fit the trench and welded together. All welds
would be tested prior to placing the pipe in the trench.
9)The trench would be back filled and if topsoil was removed it would be
returned.
10)Construction debris would be removed.
11) The right -of -way would be regraded, seeded, and temporary and
permanent erosion control devices would be installed.
12)After the right -of -way has revegetated the temporary erosion control
devices would be removed.
13) Prior to gas flowing, the pipeline would be pressure tested (normally
with water) to ensure it does not leak.
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
11

PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
A graphic representation of the pipeline
installation sequence.
Moving assembly line (graphic not to scale)
Clearing Ditching (rock free) Ditching (rock) Padding
and grading ditch bottom
Bending Welding X -ray and weld repair Coating welds
Stringing
!*
i
Inspection and repair of coating
Lowering in
continued below
limt.
Backfill Pressure testing
for leaks
t
12 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION 13
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
ABANDONMENT
Q: What is abandonment in place?
.......... ...............................
A: A pipeline company may request authorization for a pipeline to be
"abandoned in place." In this case, the pipeline is physically separated from
its source of gas and is no longer maintained. The pipeline is sealed at both
ends and left in the ground. A company may revert the easement back to the
affected property owners; in certain cases where multiple pipelines exist in the
same corridor, the company may continue to hold the easements and maintain
the right-of-way according to its vegetation maintenance practices.
Q: Can the pipeline be used after abandonment?
........ ............................e..
A: In some cases a pipeline company may ask to abandon a pipeline for use
as a natural gas transportation line, but reserve the right to convert that line
to another use, such as the transportation of crude oil or other petroleum
products. Easements agreements affected by conversion transactions may
transfer to the new operator.
Q: If the pipeline is being abandoned will it be removed
from my property?
.......... ...............................
A: The Commission may decide there are environmental or other conditions
that should determine the disposition of the pipeline. If not, the easement
agreement that you or previous owners of the land signed may stipulate
whether the pipeline is to be removed. You may also come to some agreement
with the company on what they will do with the pipeline. Usually, above - ground
facilities are removed.
Q: If a company abandons a pipeline, can it keep an easement
on my property?
......... ...............................
A: It depends on the terms of the easement agreement and may be subject to
negotiation between the landowner and the pipeline company. If there is more
than one pipeline, the pipeline company will keep the easement.
14 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
Q: Will I be notified if abandonment is proposed?
A: You will probably be notified by the company if it proposes to relinquish
the easement as part of the abandonment and the easement is not being
transferred to another company. Otherwise, you may be notified by the
Commission as part of the environmental analysis of the project.
STORAGE FIELDS
............ ...............................
Q. What will happen to my property if a storage field
is located beneath it?
........................................
Well drilling rig
A: Possibly nothing, since the storage field
itself is usually thousands of feet beneath the
ground surface. Wells are needed to inject
and withdraw the stored natural gas or to
monitor field conditions (observation wells).
The wells require a surface site of roughly one
acre for drilling and less than one tenth of
an acre for the surface wellhead piping and
other facilities.
If there are no facilities to be constructed on
your property, the company will only need
the storage rights to the geologic formation
in which the natural gas would be stored.
This is also the case for any property within
any designated "buffer zone" or "protective
area' around the actual storage field.
......... ...............................
Q: Why is storage important?
....... ...............................
A: Underground natural gas storage can be used to balance the load
requirements of gas users. Storage fields are the warehouses that provide a
ready supply of natural gas to serve the market during periods of high demand.
For example, in the Midwest and the Mid - Atlantic regions, natural gas is
primarily used during the winter because many homes are heated by natural
gas. To accommodate this load profile, natural gas is injected into storage fields
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
IS

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY DN MY LAND?
during the warmer months (April - October), and withdrawn in the colder
months (November - March). However, since the 1980s, most new power
generation equipment has been fired by natural gas, which has created summer
peaking requirements for natural gas to accommodate air conditioning loads in
many areas of the country. Storage helps to meet peak demand requirements
both in winter and in summer.
Q: What types of facilities are associated with storage?
...... ..............................:
A: Most natural gas storage facilities in the U.S. consist of underground
formations, combined with above - ground equipment. These facilities include
wells (injection /withdrawal and observation, water supply, water disposal),
wellhead valve assemblies, gathering lines (field lines, headers), metering and
compression facilities, dehydration units, generators or transformers, associated
electric equipment, roads, sheds /buildings and pipeline pigging facilities. A list of
natural gas facilities that fall under FERC jurisdiction is available on the agency's
Web site at http: / /www.ferc.govl industries /gas /indus- actlstorageffields -by-
owner.pdf . Natural gas storage facilities that are owned and operated by natural
gas distribution systems and used to deliver gas to their customers fall under the
authority of state regulatory agencies.
Q: Are there di, erent types of underground storage fields?
A: Most storage of natural gas takes advantage of natural geologic formations
(reservoirs). There are three types of underground storage fields: (1) depleted oil
and /or gas fields, (2) aquifers, and (3) salt caverns.
Depleted Oil and /or Gas Fields: Most of the natural gas storage in the
United States consists of naturally- occurring oil or gas reservoirs that have
been depleted through production. These consist of porous and permeable
underground rock formations (usually 1,000 to 5,000 feet thick) that are
confined by impermeable rock barriers and identified by a single natural
pressure. Typically, this type of field has one injection /withdrawal cycle each year
– gas is injected in summer and withdrawn in winter. This type of storage facility
is normally used for long term or seasonal system supply, although in some
instances it is used for peak day deliveries. These formations contain volumes
of gas that are permanently stored in the field (called cushion or base gas)
that help to maintain the underground pressure required to operate the field.
Storage gas is then added to the field. In field storage the base gas is generally
about 50% of the total reservoir capacity.
it) FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
Aquifer Storage Fields: This type of storage field uses a permeable rock formation
containing water, called an "aquifer." The nature of the water in
the aquifer may vary from fresh water to saturated brine. An aquifer would
have a high cushion gas requirement, generally between 50% and 80 %,
as the water in the portion of the reservoir being used for storage must be displaced
constantly. They also have high deliverability rates but are limited to one injection/
withdrawal cycle each year.
Salt Cavern Storage: This type of storage field uses caverns that are leached or
mined out of underground salt deposits (salt domes or bedded salt formations).
Salt caverns usually operate with about 20% to 30% cushion gas and the remaining
capacity as working gas. Working gas can be recycled more than once per year
(some up to 10 – 12 times per year), the injection and withdrawal rates being
limited only by the capability of the surface facilities. Salt cavern storage has high
deliverability and injection capabilities and is usually used for peak deliverability
purposes, daily or even hourly. Most of the naturally- occurring salt caverns in the
United States lie closer to the producer region —in Louisiana, Texas, and the Gulf
Coast.
For more detailed information about natural gas storage, visit these Web sites:
• FERC Staff Report on Underground Natural Gas Storage
http: / /www.ferc.govIEventCol end ar/Fil es/ 20041020081349 -final -gs- report. pd f
EIA: Basics of Underground Natural Gas Storage
http: / /www.eia.doe.gov /pub /oil_ gas / natural _gas /analysis publications/
storagebasics /storogebasics.html
• NaturalGas.org: Storage of Natural Gas
h ttp: / /www. naturaigas.org /naturo/gos /storage. asp
The Energy Information Administration (EIA)
h ttp: / /www.eia.d oe.gov /oil_ gas / natural_ gas /info– glancelnaturai_gos.html
.... ...............................
Q: How are storage field boundaries determined?
A: Boundaries are dgeljrr rqe� by the geologic characteristics of the formation in
which the gas will be stored. Kv ost also have buffer zones surrounding the portion
of the reservoir to limit migration of the stored gas and to protect
the integrity of the field.
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
17

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
Q: Can companies use the ground under my property without
paying for it? Am I required to sign an easement?
... ............................... I
A: A company that owns /operates a storage field cannot use the underground
portion of storage facilities without either owning mineral rights or having
some form of agreement with the owner of the mineral rights. Compensation
for that use will come as a result of the property /mineral rights conveyed to
the company by the current owner or attached to the deed from a previous
property owner. Those property /mineral rights, depending on the facts of
the particular situation, will most likely be in the form of a storage lease or an
easement agreement.
A FERC certificate is not required in order for a company to negotiate the
acquisition of a storage lease or easement. However, if FERC has issued a
certificate approving the creation of a new storage field (or expansion of an
existing field), that indicates that the agency has concluded that the storage
field is needed and is in the public interest. In accordance with the Natural Gas
Act (a law passed by the United States Congress in 1938), the FERC certificate
gives the company the right to ask a state or federal court to award the needed
property rights to the company where voluntary good faith negotiation has
failed.
If the owner of the property /mineral rights and the company do not reach an
agreement, the company can go to court to obtain the necessary rights through
eminent domain. In such cases, the court will determine the amount that the
company must pay to the owner of these rights. Similarly, if the storage field
operations affect the surface property through construction of facilities or by
reserving access rights, the company must also reach an agreement with the
owner of the surface rights or go to court to obtain any necessary property
rights through eminent domain. The court will determine the amount that the
company must pay the owner of the surface rights. The state or federal court
procedure is known as condemnation (or the exercise of eminent domain).
.... ...............................
Q: How far from my home can a storage facility be located?
if the company is just using the area under my land, do they
.., required «�` ���y land?
A: The storage reservoir itself is underground and does not require surface
facilities on every property within the storage field boundaries. However,
Underground storage
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
the company may need to construct and
operate facilities on the surface, including
injection and withdrawal wells to get the
gas into and out of the subsurface rock
formations, well lines that connect those
wells to other pipelines in the storage fielc,
compressor stations to pump the gas, an(,
facilities that are used to clean and monitor
the interior of certain underground pipelines.
Where surface facilities are needed, the
storage lease or easement agreements
developed between the landowner and
the storage facility operator usually indicate
minimum spacing of the facilities with
respect to existing structures, like your home.
In most cases, if the company does not have
any surface facilities on your property, the
company would not need access to your property. However, the company
may need access to your land to check the integrity of a pipeline crossing your
property or to monitor the effects of previously abandoned facilities (such as
an old gas well) or facilities owned by another company to insure that those
facilities do not interfere with the company's storage operations. Because the
need for access cannot be predicted, the storage lease or easement agreement
typically references the right of the company to enter your property when
needed. The company should inform the property owner when its employees
plan to enter the property.
....... ...............................
Q. Is all storage in the U.S. under the jurisdiction of the Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission?
. ...............................
A: No. Only natural gas storage that is used in interstate commerce is under
FERC jurisdiction. There are approximately 500 existing underground natural
gas storage facilities in the United States. Of those facilities, approximately 50%
are under FERC jurisdiction, and the remaining are under state and /or local
jurisdiction or are privately owned and unregulated.
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION 19
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
LNG FACILITIES
Natural gas can also be converted to liquefied natural gas (LNG) and stored
in above - ground tanks. Facilities for making LNG are used by many gas
distribution companies for short -term peaking requirements, and are regulated
under state authority. However, The Commission regulates a small number of
similar facilities that are connected to interstate natural gas pipelines.
The United States also has several large LNG terminals, which include large
LNG storage tanks as part of their operations. Traditionally, imported LNG
is regasified before it enters the system of interstate natural gas pipelines
for delivery to consumers. The Gulf Coast area has the country's highest
concentration of existing and planned LNG terminals. In this region, salt caverns
and depleted reservoirs also may be used as gas storage.
The growing production of natural gas in the United States from shale deposits
has led to rising interest in developing liquefaction facilities for the export of
natural gas to other countries. In this case, some LNG terminals would be
used to export gas. Domestic natural gas would arrive at an LNG terminal via
pipeline in a gaseous state, then liquefied and placed on LNG vessels for delivery
to international consumers. While the Commission has the responsibility to
evaluate and authorize LNG facilities, any company that exports natural gas also
must receive an export license from the U.S. Department of Energy.
COMPRESSOR STATIONS
Q: What is a compressor station?
A: Compressor stations house natural gas fired engines, turbines or electric
motors that drive compressors to compress, or pump, natural gas to move
it through the system. They are located strategically along a pipeline route.
Compressor stations associated with interstate natural gas pipeline systems are
regulated by FERC. Compressors also are used by producers in gathering facilities
that are not regulated by FERC.
Electric motor - driven compressors are very clean, and emit no particulate
matter or pollutants. Natural gas -fired engines and turbines burn a portion of
20 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
the natural gas in the pipeline and would emit pollutants. Air emissions are
regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and state permitting
authorities. These regulations are applicable to any source that emits or has
the potential to emit any air contaminants, as defined in the Clean Air Act.
Companies are required to obtain these federal permits, as applicable.
... ...............................
Q. How noisy is a compressor station?
........ ...............................
A: The noise attributable to a new compressor station, compression added to
an existing station, or any modification, upgrade or update of an existing station,
must not exceed a day -night average noise level of 55 decibels at any pre-
existing noise- sensitive areas such as schools, hospitals or residences. Companies
perform noise surveys during initial operation of the approved facilities and
report the results to FERC to document compliance.
............................ ..­
Q. Can compressor stations cause vibration at my home?
A: Vibration is caused by direct vibration or by low- frequency noise emitted
Compressor station
from a compressor station. This is similar
to what happens when noise from a
speaker causes the floor to shake or when
a helicopter flying overhead causes a
window to rattle.
Companies are required to comply with
FERC's rule at 18CFR 380.12(k)(4)(v)(B)
to ensure that there is no increase in
perceptible vibration from the operation
of the compressor station.
...... ...............................
Q: How much noise is permitted from drilling activities?
A: Directional drilling is sometimes used to install underground pipeline
through sensitive areas. Drilling is also used to install vertical wells at storage
facilities. Drilling should be conducted with the goal of keeping noise impacts at
noise - sensitive areas below a day -night level of 55 decibels. States may have their
own noise level requirements for construction sites.
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
21

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
Q; Will the compressor station affect my air quality?
A: Numerous federal and state air quality rules and permits may apply to each
compressor station. FERC will identify the required permits and regulations for
each compressor station. We also identify the impacts on local and regional air
quality from construction and operation of each compressor station.
Q: Are there special safety or fire issues associated with
compressor stations?
........ ...............................
A: All interstate natural gas facilities, including compressor stations, are required
to comply with the U.S. Department of Transportation's Minimum Safety
Standards. Compressor stations are constructed with many safety systems, such
as gas and fire detection systems and emergency shutdown equipment. These
systems are designed to ensure that in the event of an accident, the compressor
station would be safely shut down with minimal risk to the public.
THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF GAS COMPANIES
Q: Must companies post bonds to guarantee performance?
A: No, but the Commission inspects the right -of -way during and after
construction to ensure that the terms of its certificate have been met.
......... ...............................
Q: Can the pipeline company come on my land without
my permission?
......... ...............................
A: State or local trespass laws prevail until a certificate is issued by the
Commission. Some states have laws that allow a company to get access to
property for survey purposes. Procedures vary by state. Once a certificate
is issued or an easement /survey agreement or court order is obtained, the
company may come onto your land. Usually the company will notify you in
advance.
Q: When can they start to build?
A: Construction cannot commence until the Commission issues a certificate,
the company accepts it, the company receives all other relevant permits and
authorizations, and the company complies with environmental conditions
attached to the certificate. For most large pipelines, the time from filing an
application to approval ranges from one year to two years. Once a certificate is
issued, construction may start within a few weeks of the company having
completed any outstanding studies or having met other preconditions set by
the Commission.
Q: Why would the company approach me about an easement
before the project is approved?
........ ..............................I .
A: Because of planning and lead time, the company may try to obtain
easement agreements in advance. Also, a company must conduct
environmental studies before it files an application with the Commission.
For these studies to be as complete as
possible, the company will try to obtain
access to all of the proposed right -of -way.
If Commission approval is ultimately denied,
or the route changes, the initial easement
agreement with the landowner is usually
void (depending on the wording of the
right -of -way or access contract). Further,
disputes over the wording of an easement
agreement are subject to state law.
Valve
.... ...........................>..,
Q. Can the company place more than one pipeline on my
property? Can the pipeline and the easement be used for
anything other than natural gas?
A: The Commission grants a certificate and states that eminent domain may
only be used for the proposed pipeline and related facilities in the exact location
described and only for the transportation of natural gas. If the company
wishes to install another natural gas pipeline under Commission jurisdiction,
it must obtain additional approval from the Commission. Other utilities may
wish to use an adjacent or overlapping easement, but they would have to
obtain approval from you or from another permitting authority that can grant
eminent domain (usually the state). Of course, you may agree to other uses.
22 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
23

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
Q: Can the company construct above - ground facilities on the right -
of -way?
A: Yes, if they have been approved by the Commission. Above - ground facilities,
such as valves, pig launchers and pig receivers, are commonly placed in the right -
of -way and are strategically placed along the pipeline system for operation and
safety purposes.
Q: How close *c* a**
an the pipeline be to other
pipelines or utility facilities?
.............................. .d,.......
A: Pipelines must be at least a foot from any underground structure and two
to three feet below ground. Companies usually want their pipelines to be 25
feet from another pipeline. If space permits, pipelines can be placed in another
utility's right -of -way.
. �
Q. CanI receiveservice from the pipeline?
....... ..............................:
A: No, not in most cases. Generally speaking, interstate pipelines are operating
at pressures incompatible with direct residential use, which is provided by local
distribution companies.
.Q .C. n .. a . p.ipe.l.ine .. b..e . p..l.a.c.e.d . .in . .a . . r .
iver or the ocean?
A: A pipeline can be placed in the ocean or across a river; however, it is usually
not acceptable to place one longitudinally down a river or other stream. There
are different environmental, cost, design and safety issues associated with
construction in a water body.
Q : *How soon*after construction will the company restore
the land?
......... ...............................
A: Commission rules require restoration as soon as the trench is backfilled and
weather permits.
Q. �What�authorization allows the pipeline company to use
eminent domain?
A: If the Commission authorizes the project and the necessary easements
cannot be negotiated, an applicant is granted the right of eminent domain
WHAT DO 1 NEED TO KNOW?
under section 7(h) of the Natural Gas Act and the procedures set forth under
the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (Rule 71A). Under these conditions, the
landowner could receive compensation as determined by the courts.
IMPORTANT SAFETY ISSUES
Q: Who'is responsible for safety?
A: While the Commission has oversight in ensuring that pipeline and above-
ground facilities are safely constructed and installed, once the natural gas is
flowing in the new system, the U.S. Department of Transportation's Pipeline and
Hazardous Pipeline Materials Safety Administration takes over the responsibility
during the operation for the lifetime of the pipeline. The U.S. Department of
Transportation is also responsible for setting the federal safety standards for
natural gas (and other) pipelines and related facilities. The
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration can be contacted
at 202 - 366 -4595 or at http: / /www.phmso.dot.gov.
........................... ..........
.:.
Q. Are pipelines safe?
........ ............................... .
Safety Inspectors
A: Accidents are rare and usually result from
outside forces or unauthorized action by
someone other than the pipeline company.
The U.S. Department of Transportation enforces
strict safety standards and requires safety
checks.
Q. Does natural gas smell?
A: Natural gas is odorless. An odorant, which
smells like rotten eggs, is generally added for
quick leak detection in more populated areas
on interstate transmission pipelines and in
local distribution pipelines in accordance with
U.S. Department of Transportation safety
regulations.
24 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
25

AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
FURTHER ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Q: What if my property contains endangered species, wetlands,
or archeological sites?
A: Endangered species must be protected
from the effects of construction and this
could affect the location of the pipeline
or other facilities. In the case of wetlands,
if proper crossing procedures are used
and no alternatives are available, they may
be used for a pipeline right -of -way. If an
archeological or historic site is eligible for
listing in the National Register of Historic wetlands
Places, impact to it must be minimized. It
either will be excavated and studied, or the pipeline will be rerouted to avoid it.
Landowners who want them usually are permitted to keep any artifacts after
they are properly studied, subject to state law.
Q: Environmental studies were mentioned earlier.
How do they work?
........ ...............................
A: A Notice of Intent (NOI) to prepare an environmental assessment (EA) or an
environmental impact statement (EIS) is issued for most major proposals. It is
sent to federal, state and local agencies, local media and libraries, environmental
groups, and the affected owners of any land that would be crossed. For some
major projects the NOI may announce a schedule of public meetings along
the proposed route. The NOI seeks comments from interested parties on the
scope of the environmental document, and the comments must be submitted
to the Commission, normally within 30 days. After the comment period, the
Commission staff will prepare an EA or a Draft EIS outlining its findings and
recommendations. For major proposals, further comments are sought during
4S days allotted for review of a Draft EIS or 30 days in the case of an EA. These
comments are addressed in the Final EIS or the final order granting or denying
the application.
26 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMM15SION
WHAT DO 1 NEED TO KNOW?
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Office of External Affairs
888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426
Toll Free: 1 -866- 208 -3372
E -mail: customer @ferc.gov
www.ferc.gov
Dispute Resolution Division Helpline
Toll Free: 1- 877 - 337 -2237
E-mail:[e-mail]
Other related FERC documents you may find helpful
are listed below. These are available on our web site.
The following can be found at:
h ttp: / /www.ferc.go v /industries /gas /en viro /guid el ines. as p
• Guidelines for Reporting On Cultural Resources Investigations
• Handbook for Using Third -party Contractors to Prepare Environmental
Assessments & Environmental Impact Statements (EIS)
• Upland Erosion Control, Revegetation and Maintenance Plan
• Wetland and Waterbody Construction and
Mitigation Procedures
h ttp: / /ww w.ferc.go v /for - citizens /citizen - guides. asp
• Your Guide to Electronic Information at FERC
• An Interstate Natural Gas Facility on my Land
• Blanket Certificate Program: Notice to landowners
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
47

0
AN INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS FACILITY ON MY LAND?
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Glossary of Terms supplied courtesy of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
Safety Administration and FERC staff. For further information, please consult the
PHMSA web site at http: / /www.phmso.dot.gov.
COMPRESSOR STATIONS
Compressor Stations are facilities located along a natural gas pipeline that house and
protect compressors. Compressors are used to compress (or pump) the gas to move it
through the system. Compressor stations are strategically placed along the pipeline to
boost the system pressure to maintain required flow rates.
EASEMENT
An easement is an acquired privilege or right, such as a right -of -way, afforded a person
or company to make limited use of another person's or company's real property. For
example, the municipal water company may have an easement across your property
for the purpose of installing and maintaining a water line. Similarly, oil and natural gas
pipeline companies acquire easements from property owners to establish rights -of-
way for construction and operation of their pipelines.
GATHERING LINE
Pipelines, generally small in diameter, used to transport oil or gas from the well to a
processing facility or a mainline pipeline. Gathering facilities, which can include the
gathering lines and compressor stations associated with gathering, are not regulated
by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
Also called "fracking;' this refers to a process of fracturing
rock using a pressurized liquid. This is usually water mixed
with sand and chemicals, injected deep within the ground
through a piped well bore. This technique is commonly used
to produce natural gas or oil from shale, tight or coal seam
formations.
LATERAL
A lateral is a segment of a pipeline that branches off the
main or transmission line to transport the product to a
termination point, such as a tank farm or a metering station.
LAUNCHER
Fracking rig
A launcher is a pipeline component that is used for inserting
an inline inspection tool, cleaning pig, or other device into a pressurized pipeline. After
performing its task, the tool or pig is removed via receiver.
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
LIQUEFACTION
Liquefaction refers to the process of converting natural gas (methane) to a liquid to
facilitate transportation or storage. This process requires removing impurities and
cooling the methane to - 260 °F.
LOOP
A loop is a segment of pipeline installed adjacent to
an existing pipeline and connected to it at both
ends. A loop allows more gas to be moved through
the system.
METERING AND REGULATING (M &R)
STATIONS
Metering and regulating stations are installations
containing equipment to measure the amount of gas
entering or leaving a pipeline system and, sometimes, to
regulate gas pressure.
PIG
Metering and Regulating
Station
A pig, also known as a "smart" pig, is a generic term signifying any independent, self -
contained device, tool, or vehicle that is inserted into and moves through the interior
of a pipeline for inspecting, dimensioning, or cleaning. These tools are commonly
referred to as "pigs" because of the occasional squealing noises that can be heard as
they travel through the pipe.
RECEIVERS
A pipeline component used for removing an inline inspection tool, cleaning pig, or
other device from a pressurized pipeline. The device is inserted into the pipeline via a
launcher.
RIGHTS -OF -WAY (ROW)
A right -of -way is a defined strip of land on which an operator has the rights to
construct, operate, and /or maintain a pipeline. A ROW may be owned outright by
the operator or an easement may be acquired for specific use of the ROW.
TRENCH
A trench is a long narrow ditch dug into the ground
and embanked with its own soil. They are used for
concealment and protection of pipeline. Trenches are
usually dug by a backhoe or by a specialized digging
machine.
VALVE
A valve is a mechanical device installed in a pipeline and
used to control the flow of gas or liquid.
See http: / /www.phmso.dot.gov for additional pipeline -
related terminology definitions.
OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS
t
29