20231617 Ver 1_EDurham_Lakewood_PRM_Plan_20231211_20240122

THE CITY OF DURHAM

LAKEWOOD AVENUE PERMITTEE RESPONSIBLE
RIPARIAN BUFFER MITIGATION SITE –
COMPENSATORY MITIGATION PLAN

UPPER NEW HOPE WATERSHED (HUC 03030002)

W LAKEWOOD AVENUE
DURHAM, DURHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

PREPARED FOR:

CITY OF DURHAM
101 CITY HALL PLAZA
DURHAM, NC 27701
PREPARED BY:

KIMLEY-HORN AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
421 FAYETTEVILLE STREET, SUITE 600
RALEIGH, NC 27601

DECEMBER 2023
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Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1
2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. 1
I. E DURHAM PH1A .................................................................................................................... 1
II. LAKEWOOD PRM .................................................................................................................... 1
3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................ 2
4.0 AVAILABLE MITIGATION CREDIT .................................................................................................. 2
5.0 PROPOSED COMPENSATORY RIPARIAN BUFFER MITIGATION PLAN ........................................... 3
I. OBJECTIVE .............................................................................................................................. 3
II. SITE SELECTION ..................................................................................................................... 3
III. SITE PROTECTION ................................................................................................................... 5
IV. BASELINE CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................... 5
V. DETERMINATION OF CREDIT ................................................................................................... 5
VI. MITIGATION WORK PLAN ......................................................................................................... 6
VII. MAINTENANCE......................................................................................................................... 7
VIII. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS................................................................................................... 7
IX. MONITORING ........................................................................................................................... 8
X. LONG TERM MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................................... 8
XI. ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................................... 9
XII. FINANCIAL ASSURANCE .......................................................................................................... 9

APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1: FIGURES
- FIGURE 1: PROJECT SITES VICINITY MAP
- FIGURE 2A: E DURHAM PH1A PROJECT JURISDICTIONAL FEATURES MAP
- FIGURE 2B: LAKEWOOD PROJECT JURISDICTIONAL FEATURES MAP
- FIGURE 3: LAKEWOOD PROJECT USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
- FIGURE 4: LAKEWOOD PROJECT NRCS SOIL SURVEY FIGURE
- FIGURE 5: WATERSHED MAP
- FIGURE 6: MONITORING COMPONENT MAP

APPENDIX 2: VIABILITY ASSESSMENT

APPENDIX 3: LAKEWOOD CREDIT GENERATION TABLE AND FIGURE

APPENDIX 4: CONSERVATION EASEMENT INFORMATION

APPENDIX 5: EAST DURHAM PHASE 1A PERMIT DRAWINGS

APPENDIX 6: LAKEWOOD PLANTING PLANS

APPENDIX 7: SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The City of Durham is seeking to permit impacts to regulated resources, including riparian buffers,
for implementation of Phase 1A of the East Durham Water, Sewer, and Stormwater Improvements
Project (referred to herein as “E Durham Ph1A”). Because the E Durham Ph1A Project will require
buffer mitigation in accordance with the State of North Carolina’s Jordan Lake Water Supply
Watershed Buffer Rule (15 NCAC 02B .0267) and no private mitigation bank or State in lieu fee
mitigation credits are available in the Upper New Hope Creek Watershed, the City has identified
the Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project as an opportunity to provide Permittee
Responsible Mitigation (PRM) Buffer Credits for the proposed buffer impacts. Figure 1 shows the
location and proximity of the two projects.

2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND

I. E DURHAM PH1A

The E Durham Ph1A Project is part of a multi-phase sewer, water, and stormwater
infrastructure project proposed by the City of Durham to replace and rehabilitate utilities
in East Durham. The E Durham Ph1A Project is proposed to address aging infrastructure
and inflow infiltration to the system, move the existing sewer li nes away from streams,
convert aerial sewer crossings to subterranean crossings, move existing sewers out from
under four homes, ensure future capacity, and alleviate stormwater flooding in the area.
In total, E Durham Ph1A proposes to replace or rehabilitate approximately 3,200 linear
feet of sewer line, 2,100 linear feet of water line, and 260 linear feet of stormwater line. As
a result of these critical infrastructure improvements, new permanent maintenance
easements and utility crossings will be necessary within the protected Jordan Lake Water
Supply riparian buffer zones. In accordance with the Jordan Lake Water Supply
Watershed Buffer Rule, impacts resulting from non -electric perpendicular utility crossings
disturbing greater than 40 linear feet with a m aintenance corridor of greater than 10 feet
in width and impacts resulting from non -electric utilities other than perpendicular crossings
in Buffer Zone 1 require compensatory buffer mitigation. In total, the E Durham Ph1A
project will require 22,509 square feet of compensatory buffer mitigation credits.

II. LAKEWOOD PRM

Due to the N.C. Division of Mitigation Services (NCDMS) suspending the In-Lieu Fee (ILF)
program for buffer credits within the Upper New Hope Creek Watershed and the lack of
third-party private mitigation banks with buffer credits available in the Upper New Hope
Creek Watershed, the City of Durham’s Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project
was identified as an opportunity to provide PRM buffer credits needed for the E Durham
Ph1A Project. The Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project is a stream and buffer
restoration project with a sanitary sewer improvement component that is composed of
three separate project areas. A Site Viability Assessment for Buffer Mitigation was
conducted within the three Lakewood project areas by Katie Merritt of the N.C. Division of
Water Resources (NCDWR) on November 16, 2022, and as a result, it was determined
by the City of Durham that Area 2 of the Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project
(hereinafter “Lakewood PRM”) would be best suited to satisfy the buffer credit need for
the E Durham Ph1A Project (Appendix 2). Lakewood PRM was previously permitted
under a Nationwide Permit (NWP) #3 and #27 for Utility Maintenance and Aquatic Habitat
Restoration, Enhancement, and Establishment Activities (SAW-2021-00554; DWR#
20210514). The proposed stream and buffer improvements to the Lakewood PRM Site
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include the grading of damaged and unstable banks to match natural contours, the
placement of rip rap and boulder toe protection along stream banks for stabilization, the
construction of riffles within the streambed, invasive species removal, and the native
plantings within the buffer zones. Construction of the stream and buffer restoration
activities within the Lakewood PRM Site has not commenced, and the NWP has expired
as of March 18, 2022. Since that time, the sewer replacement activities have moved
forward with construction under a non -reporting NWP #3. An updated permit application
for the proposed Lakewood PRM Site will be submitted prior to the construction .

3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS

The E Durham Ph1A Site is situated north of Price Avenue, south of E. Umstead Street, west of
S. Alston Avenue, and east of Fayetteville Street in Durham, Durham County, NC. The area
surrounding the E Durham Ph1A Site is largely urban, composed primarily of residential housing
and commercial development. The E Durham Ph1A Site currently exists as a utility corridor
running below existing streets and along narrow riparian corridors in a primarily residential area .
A delineation of the E Durham Ph1A Site was conducted by Kimley-Horn staff on November 19,
2020, and identified two unnamed tributaries to Third Fork Creek (S1 and S2) within the project
corridor (Figure 2a). A Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination (SAW-2021-00103) was
approved by April Norton of the USACE on January 15, 2021. Additionally, a Surface Water and
Buffer Determination Letter (NBRRO #21 -012) was approved by Stephanie Goss of NCDWR on
March 12, 2021.

The proposed Lakewood PRM Site is located northwest of the W Lakewood Avenue and
Blackwell Street intersection in the City of Durham, Durham County, NC. The Lakewood PRM
Site is situated parallel to the American Tobacco Trail greenway and is generally bounded to the
east by the American Tobacco Trail, to the north and west by multi -family residential
developments, and to the south by a commercial property and W Lakewood Avenue. The
Lakewood PRM Site currently exists as an urban stream corridor with buf fers composed of
invasive species and steep, eroding banks along Stream S4, an intermittent tributary to Third Fork
Creek (Figures 2b, 3, and 4). A Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination (SAW-2021-00554) was
approved by April Norton of the USACE on May 13, 2021. Additionally, a Surface Water and
Buffer Determination Letter (NBRRO #21-67) was approved by Cheng Zhang of NCDWR on May
4, 2021.

Both the E Durham Ph1A Site and the Lakewood PRM Site are located within the Cape Fear
River Basin, Jordan Lake – Upper New Hope Watershed (HUC 03030002) and drain to Third Fork
Creek (HUC 030300020602), a tributary to Jordan Lake (Figure 5). The Upper New Hope Creek
Watershed outside of the Jordan Lake State Park is largely developed and composed primarily
of residential developments interspersed with moderately dense industrial and commercial
developments and narrow riparian corridors. Third Fork Creek is classified as a Water Supply
Watershed V and Nutrient Sensitive Water.

4.0 AVAILABLE MITIGATION CREDIT

The proposed E Durham Ph1A Project will result in permanent, no net loss of water impacts and
temporary impacts to two perennial streams (S1 and S2) as well as their associated Jordan Lake
Watershed Buffer Zones 1 and 2. In accordance with the Jordan Lake Water Supply Watershed
Buffer Rule, the City of Durham proposes to provide compensatory buffer mitigation at a 3:1 ratio
for mitigatable Buffer Zone 1 impacts and at a 1.5:1 ratio for mitigable Buffer Zone 2 impacts. In
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total, the E Durham Ph1A Project will require 22,509 square feet of compensatory buffer mitigation
credits.

In accordance with NC General Assembly Session Law 2011 -343, obtaining the required riparian
buffer credits from a third-party mitigation bank is the preferred methodology. However, no third-
party mitigation banks located within the E Durham Ph1A Site Service Area (US Geological
Survey [USGS] 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code [HUC] 03030002 - Upper New Hope Watershed)
have enough buffer credits to fulfill the E Durham Ph1A Project need.

The second option outlined in Session Law 2011 -343 is payment into the NCDMS ILF program .
However, the NCDMS has temporarily suspended the acceptance of ILF payments in the Upper
and Lower New Hope Buffer Service Areas; therefore, this mitigation approach is not currently
available for the proposed impacts.

The third option is for applicants to provide on-site or off-site Permittee Responsible Mitigation
(PRM). A restoration or enhancement mitigation plan approved by the NCDWR is required by the
applicant or mitigation provider for this option. For this project, PRM via restoration of a riparian
buffer within the watershed has been selected as the most feasible and practical solution for the
proposed impacts resulting from the E Durham Ph1A Project. To fulfill this need, the City of
Durham proposes to restore portions of riparian Buffer Zones 1 and 2 within the proposed
Lakewood PRM Site conservation easement as described below (Appendix 4).

5.0 PROPOSED COMPENSATORY RIPARIAN BUFFER MITIGATION PLAN

The following sections outline the components of the proposed mitigation plan for the Lakewood
PRM Site that will provide compensatory riparian buffer mitigation for the unavoidable impacts
resulting from the sewer line replacement and the associated new easement s within the E
Durham Ph1A Site.

I. OBJECTIVE

Due to the lack of available third-party mitigation bank credits and suspended NCDMS ILF
program within the watershed, the City of Durham is submitting this proposed
compensatory riparian buffer mitigation plan for the establishment and use of riparian
buffer mitigation credits through the restoration of riparian buffer within the Lakewood PRM
Site.

The City of Durham intends to restore the riparian buffers of the unnamed tributary to Third
Fork Creek (Stream S4) located within the Lakewood PRM Site as compensatory
mitigation for unavoidable riparian buffer impacts to tributaries to Third Fork Creek
(Streams S1 and S2) resulting from the E Durham Ph1A Project.

II. SITE SELECTION

The proposed Lakewood PRM Site and E Durham Ph1A Site are both located within the
USGS 12-digit HUC 030300020602 and the B Everett Jordan Lake-Upper New Hope
River Watershed. The Lakewood PRM Site is located approximately 0.55-mile northwest
of the E Durham Ph1A Site. On November 16, 2022, Ms. Katie Merritt with the NCDWR
performed a Site Viability Assessment of the proposed Lakewood PRM Site. The
Lakewood PRM Site consists of three separate areas located along W Lakewood Avenue
(Lakewood Areas 1, 2, and 3). Based on the Site Viability Assessment and credit needs,
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the City of Durham has selected Lakewood Area 2 to serve as the Lakewood PRM Project
and fulfill the E Durham Ph1A mitigation requirements. More information regarding the
selected PRM Site (Lakewood Area 2) is detailed below, and in the attached Site Viability
for Buffer Mitigation Approval Letter (Appendix 2):

The Lakewood PRM Site (Lakewood Area 2) is situated parallel to the American
Tobacco Trail greenway and is generally bounded to the east by the American
Tobacco Trail, to the north and west by multi-family developments, and to the south
by a commercial property and W Lakewood Avenue. The proposed buffer
mitigation area at the Lakewood PRM Site is constrained by the American Tobacco
Trail facilities to the east, W Lakewood Avenue right -of-way and privately owned
property to the south, and privately owned property to the nort h and west.
Additionally, the southern portion of the proposed Lakewood PRM Site buffer
mitigation area is crossed perpendicularly by a sanitary sewer easement. Based
on a review of Google Earth historical aerial imagery, the Lakewood PRM Site
previously existed as an abandoned railroad corridor until it was redeveloped as
the American Tobacco Trail in the early 2000’s. The surrounding residential and
commercial land uses within the project vicinity have not changed since 1993.

The proposed Lakewood PRM Site currently exists as an urban stream corridor
with vegetated buffers and steep, eroding banks along Stream S4, an intermittent
tributary to Third Fork Creek. Vegetation within the riparian zone is dominated by
invasive species, including kudzu (Pueraria montana), Chinese wisteria (Wisteria
sinensis), and multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) and contains very few woody stems.
The proposed stream and buffer improvements to the Lakewood PRM Site have
been designed and include grading of damaged and unstable banks to match
natural contours, the placement of rip rap and boulder toe protection along stream
banks for stabilization, the construction of riffles within the streambed, invasive
species removal, and the native plantings within the buffer zones . Additionally, the
Lakewood Avenue project includes maintenance and improvements to the existing
sanitary sewer line perpendicularly crossing the stream channel.

Lakewood PRM was previously permitted under a Nationwide Permit (NWP) #3
and #27 for Utility Maintenance and Aquatic Habitat Restoration, Enhancement,
and Establishment Activities (SAW-2021-00554; DWR# 20210514). Construction
of the stream and buffer restoration activities within the Lakewood PRM Site has
not commenced, and the NWP has expired a s of March 18, 2022. An updated
permit application for the proposed Lakewood PRM Site will be submitted prior to
the construction.

The E Durham Ph1A Site will require a total of 22,509 square feet of riparian buffer area
mitigation credits. In accordance with the Consolidated Buffer Mitigation Rule (15A NCAC
02B .0295), due to the location of the proposed Lakewood PRM Site within the same 12 -
digit HUC as the E Durham Ph1A Site, a locational rat io of 0.75:1 applies to this mitigation
proposal. Taking into account the 0.75:1 locational ratio, the Lakewood PRM Site will need
to generate 16,882 square feet of buffer credits to offset the impacts proposed as part of
the E Durham Ph1A Project. After completion of the Lakewood PRM Project, the City of
Durham will have restored a total of 17,399 square feet of riparian buffer area. Not only
will the restoration of these resources more than offset the unavoidable impacts from the
E Durham Ph1A Project, but the restoration and permanent conservation easement will
also ensure the integrity of the tributary to Third Fork Creek into the future.
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III. SITE PROTECTION

The City of Durham has acquired a permanent conservation easement covering the
proposed Lakewood PRM Site. The permanent easement was acquired prior to the City’s
interest in establishing Lakewood Area 2 as a PRM Buffer Site. The purpose of the
permanent easement is to maintain and protect the stream and buffer restoration in
perpetuity to aid in the protection and improvement of water quality in the Third Fork Creek
Watershed by reducing nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, and sediment , as
well as to prevent future use of the easement area in ways that w ould significantly impair
or interfere with the protection and improvement of water quality in the Third Fork Creek
watershed.

In coordination with Katie Merritt of the NCDWR, it was determined that the City of
Durham’s established permanent conservation easement did not fully meet the intent of
the Site Protection standards set forth in Section (L)(2) of the Consolidated Buffer
Mitigation Rule. To address deficiencies in the established permanent conservation
easement, the City has prepared a supplemental commitment document approved by City
Council and signed by the City Manager to be followed in perpetuity and appended to this
approved mitigation plan titled “City of Durham Commitment to the Long-Term
Stewardship of the Lakewood Permittee Responsible Mitigation Site” (see Appendix 4 for
both the recorded easement plat and the supplemental commitment document).

IV. BASELINE CONDITIONS

The E Durham Ph1A Site will permanently impact 7,503 square feet of Buffer Zone 1,
where impacts are considered allowable with mitigation . The E Durham Ph1A Site and
proposed Lakewood PRM Site are located in the Cape Fear River Basin (Jordan Lake
Watershed), USGS 12-digit HUC 030300020602. Land use in the vicinity of both projects
contains a mix of suburban development and is composed primarily of single and multi -
family residential developments, commercial developments, and transportation and
sidewalk corridors.

The riparian buffers within the E Durham Ph1A Site consist of canopy species such as
tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), red maple (Acer rubrum), and sweet gum
(Liquidambar styraciflua). The understory is dominated by Chinese privet (Ligustrum
sinense), an invasive species, and sparse red maple (Acer rubrum) and sweet gum
(Liquidambar styraciflua) saplings. Herbaceous and woody vine species consist of
common greenbrier (Smilax rotundifolia), grape vine (Vitis rotundifolia), and Japanese stilt
grass (Microstegium viminuem), an invasive species.

The proposed Lakewood PRM Site currently exists as an urban stream corridor with
vegetated buffers and steep, eroding banks along Stream S4, an intermittent tributary to
Third Fork Creek. Vegetation within the riparian zone lacks stratification and is dominated
by invasive species including kudzu (Pueraria montana), Chinese wisteria (Wisteria
sinensis), and multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora). Very few woody stems are present
throughout the riparian zone.

V. DETERMINATION OF CREDIT

The required mitigation credits were calculated using guidance outlined in the North
Carolina Consolidated Buffer Mitigation Rule . Buffer Zone 1 impacts within the Jordan
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Lake Watershed are subject to a compensatory mitigation ratio of 3:1. Mitigation provided
within the same 12-digit HUC as the proposed impact site shall use the locational ratio of
0.75:1 (Section (f) of the Consolidated Buffer Mitigation Rule ). The 7,503 square feet of
Buffer Zone 1 impacts proposed as part of E Durham Ph1A will therefore require 16,882
square feet of credits in compensatory mitigation (Appendix 5).

The proposed riparian buffer mitigation credits generated by the proposed Lakewood PRM
Site were calculated based on the following guidelines from Section (n)(1) of the
Consolidated Buffer Mitigation Rule :

• Restoration of riparian buffers generate mitigation credits at a ratio of 1:1 (as
determined applicable in the field by NCDWR, Appendix 2).
• Buffer restoration in areas of buffer width less than 20 feet receive 0% of full
credit.
• Buffer restoration in areas of buffer width between 20 and 29 feet receive 75%
of full credit.
• Buffer restoration in areas of buffer width between 30 and 100 feet receive
100% of full credit.
• Buffer restoration in areas of buffer width between 101 and 200 feet receive
33% of full credit.

Utilizing this calculation method, the proposed Lakewood PRM Site will generate
approximately 17,399 square feet of buffer credits. The proposed riparian buffer mitigation
buffer areas and riparian buffer credit generation table utilized to calculate the credit yield
at the Lakewood PRM Site are shown in Appendix 3.

VI. MITIGATION WORK PLAN

The proposed stream and buffer improvements to the Lakewood PRM Site have been
designed and include grading of damaged and unstable banks to match natural contours,
the placement of rip rap and boulder toe protection along stream banks for stabilization,
the construction of riffles within the streambed, invasive species removal, and native
plantings within the buffer zones. Proposed grading back of stream banks and the
installation of stream stabilization structures will be utilized to prevent future erosion into
the buffer. Invasive species within the restoration area will be actively managed by hand
pruning and clearing the species from the buffers. Targeted species for removal will
include kudzu (Pueraria montana), Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis), and multiflora
rose (Rosa multiflora), with an emphasis on opening up the understory within the
restoration area to allow for supplemental plantings and natural revegetation to propagate
within the riparian buffer.

The conservation easement area will be restored through select plantings of natural
hardwood species in order to provide species stratification, density, and diversity
appropriate for the development of a mature forested riparian buffer. Planting will be
conducted as part of the stream and buffer restoration process. If needed, supplemental
plantings will occur during the 5-year monitoring period. Species will be planted in three
zones (Planting Zones 1 – 3) across the Lakewood PRM Site. Planting Zone 1 is located
between the normal water elevation and bankfull and will be planted with live stakes and
herbaceous plugs; Planting Zone 2 is located between bankfull and to the boundary of the
proposed conservation easement and will be planted with riparian tubelings; and Planting
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Zone 3 is located inside the adjacent sanitary sewer easement (outside credit generation
area) and will be seeded with a native easement and right-of-way seed mix. Plant spacing
in Planting Zone 1 will be 3 -4’ on center and total 250 stems per 1,000 square feet. Plant
spacing in Planting Zone 2 will be 8 -12’ on center and total 15 stems per 1,000 square
feet. Additional information regarding planting information is included in the Lakewood
Avenue Sewer Replacement Planting Notes and Details (Appendix 6). Species to be
planted include the following:

Trees and Shrubs

Planting Zone 1

Planting Zone 2
• Button bush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) • Southern arrowhead (Viburnum dentatum)
• Black willow (Salix nigra) • Silky dogwood (Cornus amomum)
• Silky willow (Salix sericea) • Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana)
• Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) • Button bush (Cephalanthus occidentalis
• Silky dogwood (Cornus amomum) • Red chokeberry (Photinia pyrifolia)
• Soft rush (Juncus effusus) • Tag alder (Alnus serrulate)
• Shallow sedge (Carex lurida)

Documentation that the riparian buffer has been restored will be provided in a baseline
monitoring report submitted to the NCDWR within one year after approval of the mitigation
plan. Written annual reports will be submitted for five years following completion of
construction to show compliance with the approved monitoring plan.

VII. MAINTENANCE

The condition of the Lakewood PRM Site riparian buffers will be maintained based on
annual monitoring and site inspection reports until the mitigation project and monitoring
has met the performance standards described in Section VIII . Following completion of the
annual monitoring period, the City of Durham will perform annual inspections to treat
invasive species and monitor the condition of the conservation easement in perpetuity.
The riparian buffer will be maintained with the continued targeting of invasive species and
compliance with the use restrictions within the conservation easement by the City of
Durham as outlined in Appendix 4.

VIII. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

Based on restoration activities, appropriate performance standards include the presence
of 260 stems per acre at the completion of monitoring , including at least four native
hardwood tree species or four native hardwood tree and hardwood native shrub species,
with no species exceeding 50% of stems. The final standard of 260 stems per acre at five
years may include native tree and non-invasive shrub volunteer species.

Initial planting density is outlined in the Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Planting
Notes and Details in Appendix 6 and prescribed stocking density will be sufficient to meet
the 260 hardwood stems per acre criteria in the restoration area after five years.

Within one year following approval of the mitigation plan, the City of Durham will present
documentation that the riparian buffer has been successfully restored. Annual monitoring
will continue for five years (or until performance criteria is satisfied) from the proposed
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Lakewood PRM Site completion, and a written annual report will be submitted to
demonstrate both compliance with the approved monitoring plan and the continued
maintenance of diffuse flow through the riparian buffer. Based on the written annual
reports of the targeted species management activities, as described in Section IX:
Monitoring below, select plantings of native hardwood vegetation referenced above in
Section VI and on-going invasive species treatments will be conducted, as required by the
NCDWR, to ensure the reestablishment and vigor of native vegetation. Invasive vegetation
will be managed to ensure the survival and normal growth of native plantings and non -
invasive, naturally propagated species. The success of the proposed native plantings and
desired naturally propagated species will largely depend on the control of nuisance
vegetation.

At the end of the five-year monitoring period, a summary closeout report will be prepared
and submitted to the NCDWR for review.

IX. MONITORING

The Site will be monitored annually for five years to ensure that the restored buffers are
meeting performance criteria. Permanent 10-meter by 10-meter square vegetation
monitoring plots will be installed, as depicted in Figure 6, within the buffer restoration area.
Vegetation assessments will be conducted following the Caro lina Vegetation Survey Level
2: Total Woody Stem Inventory Plot methodology. Annual monitoring will be conducted
after the growing season and will include photo-documenting the vegetation plots and
overall site conditions, documenting encroachment and re-establishment of invasive
species, conducting vegetation stem density counts, documenting plant survival rates, and
documenting plant height/growth. In addition, site inspections will ensure access
limitations are followed and are functioning accordingly.

Following each annual monitoring site visit, an annual monitoring report will be prepared
and submitted to NCDWR by December 31st.

X. LONG TERM MANAGEMENT PLAN

The NCDWR and City of Durham concurred that a Commitment signed by the City
establishing the City’s roles and responsibilities in this Permittee Responsible Mitigation
undertaking would be necessary to supplement the City’s existing conservation easement
in order to fulfill the perpetual easement requirements outlined in Se ction (L)(2) of the
Consolidated Buffer Mitigation Rule. The signed City of Durham Commitment to the Long-
Term Stewardship of the Lakewood Permittee Responsible Mitigation Site is attached in
Appendix 4 and will be binding through the conditions of the approved E Durham Ph1A
Riparian Buffer Authorization.

The City of Durham Department of Public Works or its successors will serve as the primary
long-term steward of the Lakewood PRM Project. The Department of Pub lic Works
currently serves as the long -term steward of five additional conservation easements held
by the State of North Carolina and originally platted for the N.C. Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (NCEEP) projects and located within the City of Durham. Upon close out of the
monitoring period, the Department of Public Works will add the Lakewood PRM Site to
their stewardship contract.

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Long-term stewardship of the Lakewood PRM Site is anticipated to include the annual
assessment of the conservation easement for unauthorized access, invasive species
treatments, and vegetation management.

XI. ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN

The City of Durham will notify the NCDWR at any point during the five-year monitoring
period if a significant change occurs within the Lakewood PRM Site that could jeopardize
the stream and riparian buffer restoration area or the conservation easement area.
Additionally, as part of the long -term stewardship plan, the City will continue to treat
invasive species to ensure success and preservation of the restored riparian buffer.

XII. FINANCIAL ASSURANCE

Construction Financing

The City of Durham Public Works Department has solicited bids and selected a contractor
to implement the Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project. After approval of this
mitigation plan and, after the E Durham Ph1A Site project receives buffer authorization,
the selected contractor will be released to begin the stream and buffer restoration process.
A copy of the Lakewood Avenue Sewer Replacement Project bid package and associated
line item in the City budget can be provided upon request.

Monitoring and Maintenance

The City of Durham Department of Water Management has accounted for five years of
annual monitoring and additional contingency fees that may be necessary to maintain or
correct any deficiencies identified during the monitoring period within the Wastewater
Capital Improvements Project budget. A copy of the Wastewater Capital Improvements
Project budget and associated line item in the City budget can be provided upon request.

Long-Term Stewardship

Upon closeout of the Lakewood PRM Project, the City of Durham Department of Public
Works, or its successors, will add the Lakewoo d PRM Site to their stewardship contract.
The Department of Public Works anticipates that the addition of the Lakewood PRM Site
to the contract is projected to increase the annual expense by approximately $770 (2022
dollars). A copy of the most current contract for stream vegetation management and
anticipated line item in the City budget can be provided upon request.

APPENDIX 1
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Figure 1: Vicinity Ma pEast Durham Wate r and Sew er Re habilitation Project and Lakewo od PR M SiteDurham, Du rh am Co unty, NCSeptember 20 23
Legend
Pe rman ent Stream C onservation Easement(Prop osed Lakewo od PR M Site)
Lakewoo d Sew er Project Stu dy Area
E Durha m Project Study Are a
City of D urham
Durham County 0 0.3 0.6Miles
Atlan tic Oce anGeorgia
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Ohio
Kentucky
West Virginia
Tennessee
Maryland Delaware
DURHAM
WAKE
OR ANGE
GRANVILLE
PERSON
CHATHAM
^_
Project Loca tio nsDurham County
Pr oject CoordinatesE Durha m Project Study Are a: 35,98740 9, -78.906 199 Lakewoo d PRM Site Study Area : 35.98139 9; -78 .89 4705
S1
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Figure 2a: Jurisdictional Features MapEast Durham Water and Sewer Rehabilitation Project Durham, Durham County, NC
August 2023
Legend
Jurisdictional Streams Top of Bank
Jordan Lake Watershed Buffer Zone 1
Jordan Lake Watershed Buffer Zone 2
E Durham Project Study Area
0 175 350Feet
SDukeSt
Fargo St
WLakewood Ave
Blackwell
StF
Figure 2b: Juris dictiona l Fea utre s MapLakewood PRM SiteDurham, Du rh am Co unty, NCSeptember 20 23
Legend
Jurisdictional Stream Top of Bank
Jordan Lake Watershed Buffer Z one 1
Jordan Lake Watershed Buffer Z one 2
Permanent Stream Conservation Easement(Proposed Lakewood PRM Site)0 100 200Feet
S4
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F
Figure 3: USGS Topographic Map
Lakewood PRM Site
Durham, Durham County, NC
September 2023
0 200 400
Feet
Legend
Permanent Stream Conservation Easement(Proposed Lakewood PRM Site)
F
Figure 4: NR CS Soil Survey MapLakewood PRM SiteDurham, Du rh am Co unty, NCSeptember 20 23
Legend
Pe rman ent Stream C onservation Easement(Prop osed Lakewo od PR M Site)0 200 400Feet
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Vickers Ave
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Figure 5: Wate rshe d Ove rview MapLakewood PRM SiteDurham, Du rh am Co unty, NCSeptember 20 23
Legend
HUC Code 8
03030 002
HUC Code 12
Ellerbe Cree k
Headwa ters New Hop e Cre ek
Third Fork Cre ek
Pe rman ent Stream C onservation Easement(Prop osed Lakewo od PR M Site)
Lakewoo d Sew er Project Stu dy
E Durha m Project Study 0 0.4 0.8Miles
APPENDIX 2
VIABILITY
ASSESSMENT
S4
S1
S1
S1
S3
Area 2
Area 3
S1
0 300 600150
Feet
Lakewood Avenue PRM Buffer Site - Overall
E Durham Sewer Improvements
Durham, Durham County, NC
September 2022
Legend
Existing Jurisdictional Streams
Area 1
CITY OF DURHAM
ATTN GEN SERVICES
REAL EST DIV
CITY OF DURHAM
ATTN GEN SERVICES
REAL EST DIV
PEPPER
BLAKE J
WHITE ANTOINE
LAMONT WHITE
TAMIRA JO
NAJJAR
VALINDA C
MITCHELL
BRUCE GORDON
GOODWIN BENNIE T
GOODWIN CHRISTINA P
ERWIN
DISTRIBUTING
CORP INC
CITY OF DURHAM
ATTN GEN SERVICES
REAL EST DIV
SUN RIDGE POINTE
COMMUNITY
ASSOCIATION INC
MOREHEAD HILLS
SENIOR APT LP GARY
COLLETT FAMILY LP
FORTUNEL
CHRISTIAN
FORTUNEL NANCY
DESMOND BRIAN
STAROSTA-DESMOND
BETH ANN PEPPER
BLAKE J
AUTHORIZED
APPLIANCE SERVICE
CENTER INC
JANSSON EVA
BIRGITTA
FAMIGLIETTI ROBIN
ALAND
CORPORATION
LEVINE
JASON TODD
MCCALLUM LEO
T JR MCCALLUM
KATRINKA
ROSENBERG GABRIEL
NATHAN SOLOMON
HARRIS SCOTT
GREENE CASSANDRA
PULLEY GREENE
ARTHUR
MOREHEAD AT
LAKEWOOD
AVE LLC
0 100 20050
Feet
Lakewood Avenue PRM Buffer Site - Area 2
E Durham Sewer Improvements
Durham, Durham County, NC
September 2022
Legend
Existing Easements
Property Line
Preliminary Conservation Easement
Proposed Buffer Mitigation
LW Area 2 - Credit Generation Area
Proposed Top of Bank
Top of Bank Offset - 20'
Top of Bank Offset - 30'
Top of Bank Offset - 100'
APPENDIX 3
LAKEWOOD PRM SITE
CREDIT GENERATION
Appendix 3. Lakewood PRM Buffer Site Area 2, Project Credit Table
Project Area
N Credit Conversion Ratio (ft2/pound)
P Credit Conversion Ratio (ft2/pound)
Credit Type Location
Subject? 
(enter NO if 
ephemeral 
or ditch 1)
Feature 
Type Mitigation Activity
Min‐Max 
Buffer 
Width (ft)
Feature 
Name
Total Area 
(ft2)
Total 
(Creditable) 
Area of 
Buffer 
Mitigation 
(ft2)
Initial 
Credit 
Ratio (x:1)
% Full 
Credit
 Final 
Credit 
Ratio (x:1) 
 Convertible 
to Riparian 
Buffer? 
 Riparian 
Buffer 
Credits 
 Convertible 
to Nutrient 
Offset? 
 Delivered 
Nutrient 
Offset: N 
(lbs) 
 Delivered 
Nutrient 
Offset: P 
(lbs) 
Buffer Urban Yes I / P Restoration 0‐50 Stream S4 17,399 17,399 1 100% 1.00000 Yes 17,399.000 N/A — —
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
———
Totals (ft2):17,399 17,399 17,399.000 0.000 0.000
Total Buffer (ft2):17,399 17,399
Total Nutrient Offset (ft2):0 N/A
ape Fear ‐ Jordan Upper New Hope 0303000206012
29.1023
480.79311
B
l
a
c
k
w
e
l
l

S
t
S4
S1
S Duke St
W L a k e w o o d A v e
±
0 50 10025Feet
Appendix 3: Lakewood PRM Buffer Credits MapE Durham Sewer ImprovementsDurham, Durham County, NCDecember 2023
Legend
Sanitary Sewer Easement
Proposed Top of Bank
Permanent Stream Conservation Easement(Proposed Lakewood PRM Site)
Durham County Parcels
Riparian Restoration for Buffer Credit (0-50')
Top of Bank Offset - 20'
Top of Bank Offset - 30'
Top of Bank Offset - 50'
Top of Bank Offset - 100'
APPENDIX 4
EASEMENT INFORMATION

1

CITY OF DURHAM (“City”) COMMITMENT TO THE LONG-TERM STEWARDSHIP
OF THE LAKEWOOD PERMITTEE RESPONSIBLE MITIGATION SITE

WHEREAS, the City’s proposed Phase IA of the East Durham Sewer Improvements project
(hereinafter “E Durham”) will require unavoidable impacts to the Neuse River Basin Riparian
Buffer Zones and will require compensatory buffer mitigation to offset these losses, pursuant to
15A NCAC 02B .0714;

WHEREAS, there are no Private or Public Compensatory Buffer Mitigation Banks with sufficient
buffer mitigation credits available to purchase within the Upper New Hope Creek Watershed;

WHEREAS, the City intends to utilize the Lakewood Avenue Stream Stabilization project as a
Permittee Responsible Mitigation Site (hereinafter “Lakewood PRM”) to fulfill the buffer
mitigation needs for the E Durham project, pursuant to 15A NCAC 02B .0295;

WHEREAS, the Division of Water Resources (“DWR”) conducted a site visit to the Lakewood
PRM site and issued a Viability Letter on February 27, 2023, indicating that the proposed
Lakewood PRM project is a viable Buffer Restoration Site;

WHEREAS, the City previously acquired a Permanent Stream Easement encompassing the
proposed Lakewood PRM area (Parcel ID: 222559; Durham County Register of Deeds Deed
Book 9486, Page 376) and DWR determined that the City’s existing Permanent Stream Easement
alone does not fulfill the perpetual easement requirements outlined in Section (L)(2) of 15A
NCAC 02B .0295;

WHEREAS, this document (“Commitment”) will provide supplemental assurances to DWR of
the City’s commitment to fulfill the essential responsibilities outlined in Section (L)(2) of 15A
NCAC 02B .0295, as specified herein in this Commitment;

NOW THEREFORE, the City of Durham commits to the following obligations:

2

1. Purpose of Commitment

1.1 Purpose. This Commitment defines the duties and responsibilities of the City
concerning the preparation, implementation, and long-term management of the
proposed Lakewood PRM project.

2. Procedure for Implementation of the Lakewood PRM Project

2.1 Preparation of a Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan. The City, or its contractors,
will prepare a Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan for the Lakewood PRM project.
The Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan will be submitted concurrently with the
previously mentioned E Durham Riparian Buffer Authorization Request. Among
other items, the Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan will include a copy of the
recorded Permanent Stream Easement and a copy of this executed Commitment.

2.2 Implementation of the Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan. Upon authorization
from DWR, the City will implement the Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan.
Implementation will include: construction of the proposed restoration; submittal of
the required annual monitoring reports; and long-term stewardship of the Lakewood
PRM project.

3. Roles and Responsibilities of the Parties

3.1 Permittee. The City of Durham will serve as the Permittee of the proposed E Durham
project and will comply with the conditions established in the permit authorization,
which are anticipated to include the implementation of the Lakewood PRM project.

3.2 Long-Term Steward. The City of Durham will serve as the long-term steward of the
Lakewood PRM project.

4. Prohibited and Restricted Activities

4.1 In accordance with Exhibit B of the existing Permanent Stream Easement
(“Easement’), the City has the authority to prevent any use of the Easement Area that
may significantly impair or interfere with the purposes of the easement, which are to
maintain, restore, enhance, and/or create stream stabilization measures and riparian
resources that contribute to the protection and improvement of water quality in the
Third Fork Creek Watershed by reducing nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous,
and sediment. The City interprets this to include a prohibition on the operation of
mechanized vehicles, including, but not limited to, motorcycles, dirt bikes, all-terrain
vehicles, cars, and trucks in the Easement Area, except for the purpose of inspecting
and maintaining the stream stabilization project and riparian buffer, drainage,
vegetation, existing infrastructure, and for scientific sampling, observations, and
monitoring.

3

4.2 Exhibit B of the existing Permanent Stream Easement also prohibits the following
activities and uses within the Easement Area in perpetuity:
4.2.1 Drainage Patterns. Manipulation of on-site hydrology, hydraulics, and
stormwater drainage, including, but not limited to, the alteration of the
Unnamed Tributary to Third Fork Creek and stormwater conveyance systems
is prohibited. The City interprets this to include a prohibition on diking,
draining, dredging, channeling, filling, leveling, pumping, impounding, or
altering or tampering with water control structures or devices, or disruption or
alteration of the restored, enhanced, or created drainage patterns.
4.2.2 Vegetation. Removing, mowing, clearing, grubbing, or chemically treating
vegetation within the Easement Area is prohibited. The City reserves the right
to plant native, non-invasive vegetation to enhance the riparian buffer; to
prune vegetation, provided that the health and function of the vegetation is not
compromised; to remove and control invasive, exotic, noxious, and/or
nuisance species; to apply herbicide or pesticides within the riparian buffer for
vegetation management that are certified by the Environmental Protection
Agency for use in or near aquatic sites and that are applied in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions; to remove dead, diseased, or damaged trees
and vegetation that obstruct, destabilize, or are imminently endangering
stability of the stream or riparian buffer. All vegetation management shall be
done in a manner consistent with the purposes of the Easement. Animal
grazing will not be allowed.
4.2.3 Grading, Excavation, Dredging. Grading, filling, excavating, dredging, or
removing topsoil within the Easement Area is prohibited. The City interprets
this to include a prohibition on the removal of topsoil and any material
underlying the topsoil such as sand, gravel, rock, peat, and minerals. No
change in the topography of the land in any manner on the Easement Area is
allowed, except to restore natural topography or drainage patterns.
4.2.4 Construction. Future development, new construction, or improvements within
the Easement Area that are not considered an allowed use. The City interprets
this to include a prohibition on constructing or placing of any building, mobile
home, asphalt or concrete pavement, billboard or other advertising display,
antenna, utility pole, tower, line, pier, landing, dock or any other temporary or
permanent structure or facility on or above the Easement Area. The
construction or enlargement of roads, trails or walkways in the Easement Area
is not allowed.
4.2.5 Dumping or Storage. Dumping, stockpiling, placing, or storing trash, soil, fill,
mulch, ashes, garbage, waste, abandoned vehicles, appliances, machinery, or
any other material that is not otherwise required as part of an allowed use
within the Easement Area is prohibited.

4

4.2.6 Invasive and Nuisance Species. Planting, seeding, placing, or establishing
vegetation considered to be a non-native, invasive, exotic, or nuisance species
within the Piedmont of North Carolina without prior approval by the City. The
City interprets this as limiting allowable species to those specified in the
Mitigation Plan. Other agricultural or horticultural uses will not be allowed.

5. Enforcement and Remedies

5.1 To accomplish the purposes of this PRM undertaking, the City will prevent any
activity on or use of the Permanent Stream Easement Area that is inconsistent with
this Commitment and Exhibit B of the existing Permanent Stream Easement, and to
require the restoration of such areas or features of the Permanent Stream Easement
Area that may be damaged by such activity or use. Upon any breach of the terms of
this Commitment or Exhibit B of the existing Permanent Stream Easement, the City
shall notify the offending party in writing of such breach. The offending party shall
have 30 days after receipt of such notice to correct the conditions constituting such
breach. If the breach remains uncured after 30 days, the City may enforce this
Commitment or the existing Permanent Stream Easement by appropriate legal
proceedings. If the City fails to take any action required by Paragraph 5.1, DWR may
pursue enforcement of the requirements of Paragraph 5.1 by the City through informal
or other appropriate legal means.

5.2 No failure on the part of the City to enforce any provision herein shall discharge or
invalidate such provision or affect the right of the City to enforce the same in the event
of a subsequent breach or default.

5.3 Nothing contained within this Commitment or Exhibit B of the existing Permanent
Stream Easement shall be construed to entitle the City to bring any action against a
party for any injury or change in the Permanent Stream Easement Area resulting from
causes beyond that party’s control, including, without limitation, fire, flood, storm,
war, acts of God, or from any prudent action taken in good faith by a party under
emergency conditions to prevent, abate, or mitigate significant injury to life, damage
to property or harm to the Permanent Stream Easement Area resulting from such
causes.

6. Duration of Commitment

6.1 This Commitment by the City of Durham shall be perpetual. This Commitment is tied
to an existing Permanent Stream Easement and is enforceable by the City in
accordance with the provisions stated herein and otherwise in accordance with the
laws of the state of NC.

5

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the City has executed this Agreement, the Effective Date of
which is __________.

ATTEST: CITY OF DURHAM

______________________________ By:_________________________________

Preaudit Certification, if necessary:

APPENDIX 5
E DURHAM PHASE 1A
PERMIT DRAWINGS
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS
OVERALL SS-1
1
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-2
1
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-3
1
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-4
1
U
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-5
1
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-6
1
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-7
1
OF
©HAZEN AND SAWYER
4011 WESTCHASE BOULEVARD, SUITE 500
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27607
LICENSE NO. : C-0381 33
EAST DURHAM UTILITIES
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT DRAWINGS SS-8
1
APPENDIX 6
LAKEWOOD PRM SITE
PLANTING PLANS
©
OF 35
LAKEWOOD AVENUE SEWER
REPLACEMENT
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
STREAM STABILIZATION
AND ENHANCEMENT ST-1
18
©
OF 35
LAKEWOOD AVENUE SEWER
REPLACEMENT
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
STREAM
STABILIZATION AND
ENHANCEMENT
ST-2
19
PLANTING ZONE DESCRIPTIONS AND NOTES
LIVE STAKE DETAIL
LIVE STAKE INSTALLATION
ZONE 3 - EASEMENT AND RIGHT OF WAY PLANTINGS

Secale cereale
Utochola ramosa
Lolium multiflorum
Triticum aestivum
TABLE 2: TEMPORARY SEED MIXTURE
Andropogon gerardii
Coreopsis lanceolata
Elymus virginicus
Juncus effusus
Panicum virgatum
Rudbeckia hirta
Schizachyrium scoparium
TABLE 3: PERMANENT SEED MIXTURE
Agrostis perennans
Sorghastrum nutans
Tripsacum dactyloides
ZONE 1 - LIVE STAKE PLANTINGS
ZONE 2 - RIPARIAN PLANTINGS
TABLE 1: TREES AND SHRUBS PLANTING TABLE
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Salix sericea
Sambucus canadensis
Cornus amomum
Cornus amomum
Llex glabra
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Viburnum dentatum
Photinia pyrifolia
Salix nigra
Alnus serrulata
Juncus effusus
Carex lurida
Acillea millefolium
Asclepias tuberosa
Bidens aristosa
Chamaecrista fasciculata
Coreopsis lanceolata
Echinacea purpurea
Elymus canadensis
TABLE 4: FLOWERING SPECIES SEED MIX
Elymus virginicus
Gaillardia pulchella
Helianthus angustifolius
Helianthus maximilianii
Monarda punctata
Rudbeckia hirta
Schizachyrium scoparium
Senna hebecarpa
Sorghastrum nutans
Symphyotrichum pilosum
Tridens flavus
Tripsacum dactyloides
Verbena hastata
©
OF 35
LAKEWOOD AVENUE SEWER
REPLACEMENT
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PLANTING NOTES
AND DETAILS ST-3
20
©
OF 35
LAKEWOOD AVENUE SEWER
REPLACEMENT
PREPARED FOR
DEPARTMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT
CITY OF DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
PLANTING PLAN ST-4
21
APPENDIX 7
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Existing Land Use Within and Surrounding Permanent Stream Conservation Easement
(Proposed Lakewood PRM Site)
Lakewood PRM Site
Durham, Durham County, North Carolina
December 2023

Page 1 of 1

Photo 1 – Typical view of stream S4 and buffer facing south,
downstream (June 2020)
Photo 2 – Typical view of stream S4 and buffer facing northeast,
upstream (March 2021)

Photo 3 – Typical view of stream S4 facing upstream with kudzu
present (June 2020)
Photo 4 – Typical view of baseflow within stream S4 and kudzu on
banks (June 2020)