20240074 Ver 1_Mitigation Bank Information_20240102

DRAFT WILDLANDS YADKIN 03 UMBRELLA MITIGATION BANK
Site Name: Little Cabin Mitigation Site
PROSPECTUS Randolph County, NC
Issued for IRT Review Yadkin River Basin
December 12, 2023 HUC 03040103
PREPARED BY:
USACE Action ID No. SAW-2023-02304
Wft'.'
WILDLANDS
E N G I N E E R I N G
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
1430 S. Mint Street
Charlotte, NC 28203
Phone: [phone]
Bank Manager: Tim Morris
[e-mail]

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ExecutiveSummary............................................................................................................................1
1.0
Mitigation Bank Introduction and Objectives.......................................................................1
1.1
Introduction...............................................................................................................................
1
1.2
Bank Location............................................................................................................................
1
1.3
Goals and Objectives.................................................................................................................
1
1.4
Qualifications of Bank Sponsor.................................................................................................
2
2.0
Establishment and Operation of Mitigation Bank.................................................................2
2.1
Ownership Agreement..............................................................................................................
2
2.2
Landowner Information............................................................................................................
2
2.3
Proposed Service Area...............................................................................................................
2
2.4
Need and Feasibility of Mitigation Bank...................................................................................
2
3.0
Ecological Suitability...........................................................................................................4
3.1
Project Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................................
4
3.2
Bank Site Characterization........................................................................................................
6
4.0
Mitigation Work Plan........................................................................................................12
4.1
Stream Restoration.................................................................................................................
12
4.2
Stream Enhancement I and II..................................................................................................
12
4.3
Stream Preservation................................................................................................................13
4.4
Wetland Enhancement............................................................................................................
13
4.5
Wetland Rehabilitation...........................................................................................................
13
4.6
Wetland Re-Establishment......................................................................................................
13
4.7
Wetland Creation....................................................................................................................
13
4.8
Wetland Preservation..............................................................................................................
14
4.9
Riparian Restoration................................................................................................................
14
5.0
Determination of Mitigation Credits..................................................................................14
6.0
Credit Release Schedule....................................................................................................16
6.1
Initial Allocation of Released Credits.......................................................................................
18
6.2
Subsequent Credit Releases....................................................................................................
18
7.0
Maintenance and Long -Term Sustainability.......................................................................18
7.1
Maintenance...........................................................................................................................
18
7.2
Adaptive Management Plan....................................................................................................
19
7.3
Long Term Management Provisions........................................................................................
19
8.0
References........................................................................................................................20
'ABLES
Table 1 Landowner Information................................................................................................................2
Table 2 Site Goals and Objectives.............................................................................................................4
Table 3 Stream Existing Conditions...........................................................................................................7
Table 4 Floodplain Soil Types and Descriptions......................................................................................10
Table 5 Listed Threatened and Endangered Species in Randolph County..............................................11
Table 6 Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits..........................................................................................15
Table 7 Proposed Wetland Mitigation Credits........................................................................................16
Table 8 Stream Credit Release Table.......................................................................................................17
Table 9 Wetland Credit Release Table....................................................................................................17
Table 10 Adaptive Management Plan.......................................................................................................18
Wildlands Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Page i

FIGURES
Figure 1
Vicinity Map
Figure 2
Service Area Map
Figure 3
NCDOT Current STIP FY 2020-2029
Figure 4
Existing Conditions Map
Figure 5
USGS Topographic Map
Figure 6
Watershed Map
Figure 7
Soils Map
Figure 8
Concept Design Map
Figure 9
LiDAR Map
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Recorded Option
Appendix B
Landowner Authorization Form
Appendix C
EDR Radius Report Summary
Appendix D
Existing Geomorphic Data
Appendix E
Historic Aerial Photography
Appendix F
NCDWR Stream Classification Forms, NCSAM Forms, NCWAM Forms
Wildlands Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Draft Prospectus
Page ii

Executive Summary
Wildlands Holdings X, LLC (Sponsor) proposes to develop the Wildlands Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation
Bank (Bank). Wildlands Holdings X, LLC is managed by Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands) and serves
as a holding company for mitigation banks. The Bank includes this initial site referred to as the Little
Cabin Mitigation Site (Site) in Randolph County, NC (Figure 1). The purpose of the Bank is to provide
stream and wetland mitigation credits to offset impacts to Waters of the United States and/or State
Waters within the service area, Hydrologic Unit (HUC) 03040103 (Yadkin 03) as depicted in Figure 2.
1.0 Mitigation Bank Introduction and Objectives
1.1 Introduction
The Site includes approximately 11,385 linear feet (LF) of existing intermittent and perennial streams.
The proposed Site plan includes 8,721 LF of stream restoration, 211 LF of enhancement I, 1,870 LF of
enhancement 11, and 583 LF of stream preservation (reduction in total stream length is due to proposed
reduction in sinuosity for several stream reaches). In addition, proposed mitigation will include 0.19
acres (Ac) of wetland enhancement, 0.76 Ac of wetland rehabilitation, 0.03 Ac of wetland preservation,
2.57 Ac of wetland re-establishment, and 2.22 Ac of wetland creation. The Site proposes to generate
approximately 9,693 warm stream credits and 3.6 riparian wetland credits. Expanded buffer widths
(greater than 50 feet) will be implemented to generate additional stream credits per USACE Wilmington
District guidance.
1.2 Bank Location
The proposed Bank (35.8174' N, 79.8784° W) is in Randolph County, NC, approximately one mile north
of Sophia, NC. The site is located within the Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 03040103050040 and DWR
Subbasin 03-07-09. The project site flows into Caraway Creek. Caraway Creek flows to Uwharrie River
which flows into the Yadkin River downstream of Badin Lake.
To get to the Site from Raleigh, NC take 1-40 West to 1-85 South (signs for 1-73 N/High Point/Charlotte).
After continuing onto 1-85 South for 11.8 miles, keep left at the fork to stay on 1-85 South, and follow
signs for High Point/Charlotte. After 6.7 miles, take exit 113C-A for 1-74 E/US-311 South toward
Asheboro. After about 0.8 miles, merge onto 1-74/US-311. Stay on 1-74/US-311 for approximately 4
miles, and then take exit 79 for Cedar Square Road toward Archdale. Turn right onto Cedar Square Rd
until you get to S Main St, and then turn left. Travel about 0.3 miles until you reach Edgar Rd and turn
right. Travel on Edgar Road for 8 miles, until you reach Beeson Farm Road. Turn right, travel
approximately 1.5 miles, and the Site will be on the right.
1.3 Goals and Objectives
The Site is within the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality's (DEQ) Upper Uwharrie
Local Watershed Plan (LWP) area and is expected to provide numerous ecological benefits. Project
benefits include both site specific improvements and watershed scale benefits. The Site drains to the
Caraway Creek Aquatic Habitat (Figure 1), which is noted in the LWP as containing rare mussels. The
LWP also identifies stressors that will be addressed on the Site, including buffer damage from
agricultural/forestry activities, hydraulic modifications, and riparian vegetation removal. The major goals
of the proposed stream and wetland mitigation project are to provide ecological and water quality
enhancements to the Yadkin River Basin while creating a functional riparian corridor at the site level.
Specific goals and objectives for the Site are discussed in Section 3.1 of this report.
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 1

1.4 Qualifications of Bank Sponsor
The Sponsor, which is managed by Wildlands, was developed for the sole purpose of holding mitigation
banks. Wildlands is a multidisciplinary professional engineering firm with the expertise necessary to
create outstanding ecological restoration projects in a timely and cost-effective manner. To execute
stream and wetland mitigation projects, Wildlands assembles a team of project specific subcontractors
to perform surveying, construction services, and planting. Each of these subcontractors has substantial
experience in stream, wetland, and buffer restoration in North Carolina and a substantial full-time
professional staff presence in North Carolina. For this project, Wildlands will serve as the Authorized
Agent.
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (authorized agent for Wildlands Holdings X, LLC)
1430 South Mint Street, Suite 104
Charlotte, NC 28203
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Attn: Shawn Wilkerson
Email: [e-mail]
2.0 Establishment and Operation of Mitigation Bank
2.1 Ownership Agreement
Wildlands executed an option agreement with the landowner associated with the Site (Appendix A).
This agreement allows Wildlands to record a conservation easement that is compatible with the
mitigation objectives. Following the Prospectus stage, the Sponsor will submit a detailed Mitigation Plan
and an Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument (UMBI) for the Site. The UMBI will provide detailed
information regarding bank operation including the long-term management of the Site. Once the
Mitigation Plan is approved and the accompanying instrument executed by members of the Interagency
Review Team (IRT), Wildlands will record a conservation easement on the Site.
2.2 Landowner Information
Table 1 lists the landowner names, parcel identification number(s), deed book numbers, page numbers,
and address associated with each parcel involved in the Site.
Table 1 Landowner Information
Option Deed Book (BK) &
Property Owner
Owner Address
Parcel ID Number
Page Numbers (#)
Beeson, Willis Edwin & Marie H
4462 Beeson Farm Road
Sophia, NC 27350
p
7735-94-5734
BK 2863 PG 95-99
Beeson, Willis Edwin
7735-92-0722
2.3 Proposed Service Area
The Bank will be established to provide mitigation to offset impacts to Waters of the United States
and/or State Waters within the service area depicted in Figure 2. This service area shall include the
Yadkin 03 (HUC 03040103) including the Cities of Salisbury, Lexington, and Thomasville, portions of the
Cities of High Point and Asheboro, the Town of Denton, and portions of the Town of Richland.
2.4 Need and Feasibility of Mitigation Bank
2.4.1 Need
The need for compensatory stream and wetland mitigation credits in the service area is driven primarily
by the NC Department of Transportation (NCDOT) and projected growth in and around Asheboro,
Lexington, Salisbury, Kannapolis, and surrounding areas. Review of the NCDOT State Transportation
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 2

Improvement Plan (STIP) for the years 2020-2029 identifies multiple roadway, bridge/culvert, and
bicycle/pedestrian improvement projects within the service area (Figure 3). The City of Charlotte and
the surrounding counties have experienced rapid growth since 2010. The NC Office of State Budget and
Management (OSBM) projects Davidson County to undergo an 8.8 percent population increase,
Randolph County a 4.7% increase, and Rowan County a 5.9 % increase between the years 2020 and 2030
(NCOBSM, 2023). As population growth in the Yadkin 03 continues to steadily climb, so will pressure on
commercial and private real estate. Parcels which were previously left undeveloped due to presence of
jurisdictional waters will become more highly sought after, requiring mitigation for impacts.
Development of this Site will allow unavoidable impacts to Waters of the United States to be mitigated
appropriately and provide a means for the economic growth of this region to continue while ensuring
aquatic resources and water quality are maintained.
Beyond the need for compensatory mitigation credits within the service area, the Upper Uwharrie Local
Watershed Plan (LWP) (DEQ, 2005) lists removal of riparian vegetation, hydraulic modifications, poorly
installed culverts, residential road and garden plot runoff, and obstructions to fish passage as the
primary stressors in the Caraway Creek watershed. Furthermore, the 2015 North Carolina Wildlife
Resource Commission (WRC) Wildlife Action Plan (WAP) identifies impoundments on tributaries in the
Yadkin -Pee Dee River Basin as a major stressor to aquatic species and their habitats. The WAP also notes
streams in the basin are impacted by excessive sedimentation and hydrologic changes from urban
development, agriculture, and instream mining, and notes that surface runoff from agriculture is
contributing excessive nutrients. The WAP emphasizes the importance of habitat conservation and
restoration to address current problems affecting species and habitats. Implementation of the proposed
stream and wetland restoration project will directly address environmental stressors listed in the LWP
and WAP.
Establishment of the Site will remove an impoundment and permanently convert active livestock
pasture and agricultural fields into a wooded riparian corridor and prevent future development within
the conservation easement area. Restoration of project streams with appropriate dimension, pattern,
and profile and re-establishment of functioning wetlands will address water quality stressors at the Site.
Meandering channels will slow channel velocities and activated floodplains will provide on -site storage
of runoff and promote groundwater recharge via infiltration. Plant uptake and interception will reduce
peak runoff volumes from the Site. Excess nutrients applied to agricultural fields, fecal coliform, and
sediment from eroding streambanks are the primary pollutants at the Site. Conversion of agricultural
fields to forested wetlands, exclusion of livestock from the conservation easement, and design of stable
stream channels will minimize pollutants delivered to downstream receiving waters. The treatment of
invasive flora within the conservation easement will improve terrestrial and aquatic communities.
2.4.2 Feasibility
Environmental radius report reviews were performed by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. (EDR) for
the Site in November 2023. The EDR report did not identify mapped sites within a mile radius of the Site.
A nearby public well that serves the Snyders Farms Restaurant was noted as having multiple coliform
contaminant violations from 2000 to 2008. The EDR summary report is provided in Appendix C.
The Site is in a rural watershed where the dominant land uses are agriculture (67%) and forest (25%),
with only 4% of the watershed developed and 4% in grassland. The proposed Site design, which will be
further detailed in the mitigation plan, will address environmental stressors discussed in the LWP and
WAP.
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 3

3.0 Ecological Suitability
The proposed Site consists of eleven unnamed tributaries to Caraway Creek, which, for this prospectus,
are referred to as Little Cabin, Acadia, Core, Ozark, Tahoe, Dome, Yurt, Bushnell, Columbia, Coleman,
and Kodiak (Figure 4). The Site is located within NCDWR Subbasin 03-07-09 and streams onsite drain to
Caraway Creek and ultimately, the Uwharrie River and the Yadkin River. At its confluence with Caraway
Creek, the Yadkin River is 303(d) listed for "PCBs, Fish Consumption".
3.1 Project Goals and Objectives
The overarching goal of the proposed stream and wetland restoration project is to provide ecological
and water quality enhancements to the Yadkin River Basin while creating a functional riparian corridor
at the site level.
Site stressors include stream incision, active stream erosion, areas of limited or absent bedform
diversity, livestock access, degraded wetland function, and impacted riparian buffers. Specific proposed
enhancements to water quality, hydrology, and habitat are outlined in Table 2.
Table 2 Site Goals and Objectives
Functional Stressors
Goal
Objective
Non -Functioning Riparian
Buffer/Wetland Vegetation:
Riparian buffers on the Site have been
. Convert active pastures and agricultural
historically cleared, thinned, or
Establish a native,
fields to forested riparian buffers and
otherwise manipulated by landowners
wooded riparian
wetland communities to improve diffuse
and livestock. Existing floodplain
corridor along Site
flow along all Site streams and wetland
wetland vegetation has been
streams and wetlands.
manipulated, and much of the riparian
areas.
area is actively grazed open or wooded
pasture.
• Reduce instream erosion by designing
and constructing stream channels with
appropriate dimension, pattern, and
Sediment:
profile. Include streambank revetments
The Site is a source of sediment to
Reduce or eliminate
and instream structures to protect
downstream waters. Major sources of
sources of sediment to
restored streams from near bank
sediment on the Site include eroding
Site streams and
stresses.
streams, livestock trampling, and
wetlands within the
. Exclude livestock from streams,
sediment runoff from areas of
riparian corridor.
wetlands, and riparian areas.
concentrated cattle activity.
. Plant and/or protect a wide, native
riparian corridor along project streams
and wetland areas to slow and filter
runoff from adjacent upland areas.
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Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 4

Functional Stressors
Goal
Objective
• Exclude livestock from streams,
wetlands, and riparian areas.
• Reduce instream erosion by designing
and constructing stream channels with
appropriate dimension, pattern, and
profile, which will allow bankfull and
Nutrients and Fecal Coliform: The Site
greater flows to spread across a
suffers from both direct nutrient and
Reduce or eliminate
floodplain and infiltrate, increasing
fecal coliform inputs from livestock
sources of nutrients
nutrient uptake opportunities.
access to the channels and wetlands, as
and fecal coliform to
• Convert livestock pasture to wooded
well as nutrient input from nutrients
site streams and
buffer. Allow upland pasture and
released from eroding streambanks.
wetlands within the
agricultural runoff to flow through the
riparian corridor.
riparian corridor to slow, filter, and
infiltrate, increasing nutrient uptake
opportunities.
• Restore appropriate function to existing
wetlands and create new wetland
resources to increase nutrient cycling
processes on site.
• Design and construct project steams
with elevated bed profile to reconnect
Peak Flows: Flows are contained within
incised streams to their floodplains.
the existing channel due to historic
• Remove wetland drains and ditches to
stream channelization and incision.
Reconnect streams to
restore function to existing wetlands
Historic wetlands, which could have
floodplains and riparian
and create new wetland resources to
stored storm flows and promoted storm
wetlands.
increase storm flow retention onsite.
flow infiltration, are ditched and
• Grade and plant the riparian corridor to
drained.
increase floodplain roughness to slow
runoff velocities, promote on site
storage, and attenuate peak flows.
• Remove the impoundment on Acadia
Artificial Barriers and Habitat
Creek.
Fragmentation: An existing
Provide habitat
• Build two farm crossings that facilitate
impoundment on Acadia Creek is an
continuity through the
aquatic organism passage.
artificial barrier that fragments aquatic
Site.
• Design conservation easement to
habitats.
connect Site streams to forests
upstream and downstream of the Site to
provide a contiguous wildlife corridor.
Bedform Diversity: Streambank erosion
• Design stream channels with dimension,
and cattle trampling have resulted in
Improve instream
pattern, and profile conducive to natural
fine sediment deposition throughout
habitat by increasing
riffle -pool maintenance.
most of the project streams. Pools are
bedform diversity.
. Add bed features such constructed of
shallow in areas and many riffles are
logs and rocks and a variety of types of
covered in fines.
constructed riffles.
Land Use: Current land use within the
Permanently protect
. Establish a conservation easement on
proposed conservation easement area
the project site from
the Site protect the included
consists of livestock pasture, agricultural
future land use
fields, and forested area.
conversion.
resourcess in perpetuity.
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Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 5

3.2 Bank Site Characterization
Current land use at the Site is agriculture consisting of active cattle pastures and agricultural fields
mowed for hay. A review of historic aerials from 1948-2020 shows most of the current pasture and
agricultural fields were cleared as far back as 1948 and has been maintained for agricultural use since.
The one exception is the riparian area around Kodiak, which was cleared prior to 1964. The historic
aerials also show that the Site streams have existed in their current locations since 1948. Historic aerial
photos are provided in Appendix E.
The Site topography, as indicated on the Glenola, NC USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle, shows
the upper valley of Little Cabin and its tributaries as confined to semi -confined and moderately sloped
near the upstream extents, but flattening in slope and broadening moving down valley, typical of
streams in the Piedmont (Figure 5). Drainage areas for the project reaches were delineated using the
USGS StreamStats application for most Site streams, and 2-foot contour intervals derived from the
2016/2017 North Carolina Emergency Management Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data for
smaller watersheds (Figure 6). Land uses draining to the project reaches are mostly a mix of forested
areas, agricultural pasture, hay fields, and row crops with some rural development. The existing
conditions of the streams, wetlands, and vegetation for the site are described below and illustrated in
Figure 4.
3.2.1 Existing Streams
All site streams have been evaluated and scored, and the preliminary jurisdictional determination
package was submitted to the USACE on November 27, 2023. Within the limits of the Site, Acadia Reach
1, Core, Tahoe, Ozark, Dome Reach 1, Bushnell, Columbia, Coleman, and Kodiak Reach 1 scored as
intermittent. Little Cabin, Acadia Reach 2, Dome Reach 2, Yurt, and Kodiak Reach 2 scored as perennial.
NCDWR stream classification forms are in Appendix F.
Generally, the Site has been extensively manipulated to support the agricultural use of the land for
cattle. Apart from Bushnell and Columbia Reach 1, Site streams show extensive cattle impacts. These
impacts include trampling and sedimentation in the headwaters as well as deep incision and erosion
from the lack of streamside vegetation, grazing, and management. Site streams are in various states of
evolution. In some reaches, streams have incised down to bedrock. Depositional features are observed
in isolated locations. Stream channels in general remain erosive during flooding conditions, given the
high bank height and lack of floodplain relief at the bankfull stage. Riffles are dominated by coarse
substrates embedded with fines. Fallen logs, leaf packs, coarse riffle material, and undercut
streambanks provide some habitat within the existing channels.
Table 3 provides brief descriptions of each existing project reach. A complete geomorphic analysis of
each project stream reach will be provided in the Mitigation Plan. Please refer to Figures 4 and 6 for
existing stream calls and drainage areas. Existing riparian buffer species and condition are further
described in Section 3.2.3. The existing conditions data is provided in Appendix D.
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Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 6

Table 3 Stream Existing Conditions
W/D
Existing
Drainage
Bank Height
Stream
NCSAM
Existing Condition
Stream Name
Reach
Length (LF)
Area (ac)
Ratio
Ratio (ft/ft)
Determination
Score
Impairment(s)
(ft/ft)
1
945
N/A
N/A
Perennial
Cattle access, spot erosion
Medium
2
211
25.0
2.5
Perennial
Cattle access, erosion and
incision, instream
3
1,730
18.9
1.9
Perennial
sedimentation
Little Cabin
460
Cattle access, incision and
4
1,095
6.3
1.0
Perennial
Medium
active erosion, historic
channelization, low quality
buffer
Cattle access, active erosion
and sedimentation, poorly
1
14.9
4.3
Intermittent
Low
defined bedform, low
quality buffer,
Acadia
1,766
25
impoundment.
Cattle access, deep incision,
2
4.4
4.1
Perennial
Low
active erosion and
sedimentation, grazed
wooded buffer.
Cattle access, deep incision
Core
1
53
3
2.7
3.9
Intermittent
Low
and entrenchment, low
quality buffer
Tahoe
1
68
0.2
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
High
Cattle access, spot erosion
Ozark
1
461
2
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
Medium
Cattle access
1
389
33.1
6.2
Intermittent
Low
Cattle access, spot erosion
Dome
19
Cattle access, incision and
2
1,083
7.2
9.4
Perennial
Low
active erosion
Cattle access, mass bank
Yurt
1
1,580
170
32.0
1.9
Perennial
Medium
wasting and erosion,
embedded habitats, incision
Bushnell
1
339
8
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
Low
N/A
1
244
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
High
N/A
Columbia
26
Cattle access, erosion and
2
108
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
High
incision
Coleman
1
263
7
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
Low
Cattle access and trampling,
low quality buffer
1
133
N/A
N/A
Intermittent
Low
Cattle access and trampling,
low quality buffer
Cattle access, instream
Kodiak
40
2
495
4.4
1.0
Perennial
Low
sedimentation, incision, low
quality buffer
N/A: Not applicable or not yet collected.
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Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 7

1 ittlP rnhin
Little Cabin is the primary receiving channel on the Site. Reach 1 enters the Site from the east and flows
through a moderately confined valley. The reach has incised to bedrock but is now vertically stable. The
banks exhibit vegetative cover, but cattle paths to the water are sediment sources. A portion of Reach 1
flows close to the eastern property boundary and may lack appropriate buffer width. Wildlands has tried
to engage the adjoining landowner, but they are unwilling to participate in the project. Reach 2 begins
where Little Cabin drops over a large bedrock knickpoint and begins to actively incise. Reach 3 begins
where the channel exhibits consistent erosion and incision. Portions of Reach 3 are overly wide and
exhibit instream deposition. Reach 4 begins at the confluence with Yurt. Reach 4 flows into a wide valley
bottom and appears to have been partly straightened in the past. Reach 4 lacks the bedrock grade
control observed on the other reaches of Little Cabin and exhibits consistent erosion.
Acadia
Acadia originates upstream of a small pond within the project limits and flows south to join Little Cabin.
The stream exhibits extensive cattle impacts upstream of the pond, including bank erosion, rilling, and
trampling. Instream habitats are embedded by fines, and the riparian buffer consists of cedars and
pasture grasses. Downstream of the pond, Acadia is consistently entrenched, incised, and eroded, with
interspersed cattle crossings where stream banks are trampled and cattle wallow. Chinese privet is
common on this reach and is interspersed with early successional trees. Approaching Little Cabin, Acadia
widens and aggrades upstream of a bedrock outcrop. The stream incises below the outcrop, dropping to
meet the invert of Little Cabin.
Core, Tahoe, and Ozark
Core and Ozark are intermittent tributaries to Acadia, while Tahoe is an intermittent tributary to Ozark.
These small, seep driven streams originate within the project limits and are accessed by cattle. Tahoe
and Ozark exhibit some slight erosion and poor bedform definition in areas from cattle access. Ozark
incises slightly as it drops to meet the invert of Acadia. Core is incised from near its origin to Acadia.
Dome
Dome begins at a spring and flows south to Little Cabin. At the upstream end, there is a partially buried
agricultural dump on the left side of the stream. This includes equipment, trash, and composted dead
fowl. Dome's streamside vegetation is sparse early successional forest, with the understory held back by
cattle grazing. Dome is stair -stepped down the valley with bedrock seams that control grade and are
followed by headcuts, cattle impacted stream, and bank erosion. These conditions continue in varying
succession as Dome approaches its confluence with Little Cabin.
Yurt
Yurt begins at the eastern property line and flows west and north to Little Cabin. This reach has a larger
drainage area than most of the Site tributaries. Yurt is incised throughout the project area, but has
intercepted bedrock seems, arresting further incision. The channel is sinuous with highly erosive stream
banks. Instream fine sediment deposition is common on the reach. Yurt is impacted by cattle access, and
its wooded buffer lacks an understory due to grazing.
Bushnell and Columbia
Bushnell originates offsite to the east and enters the project south of Yurt. Just beyond the project
boundary, Bushnell drops over a headcut. The stream is slightly incised throughout its length but
exhibits good instream habitats. Columbia originates offsite to the south also south of Yurt. The stream
is shallow and connected to the floodplain (Reach 1) with moderate instream habitats, then begins to
incise and erode as it drops to meet the invert of Yurt (Reach 2). Both streams flow through an early
successional forest.
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Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 8

Coleman
Coleman originates onsite and flows north to join Little Cabin. This intermittent stream is straight and
was likely ditched in the past to help drain the field. Cattle have full access to this stream and mature
woody vegetation is absent from the buffer. Coleman incises slightly near its downstream extent as it
drops to meet the invert of Little Cabin.
Kodiak
Kodiak originates onsite at a wetland spring/seep on the west side of the project parcel. This wet area
has been degraded by livestock and there is evidence of at least two drain tiles that drain this area. The
upper portion of Kodiak is a wetland/stream feature that becomes a degraded single thread stream as it
flows south. As it transitions to a single thread stream, the sides of the channel and the terrace portion
of the valley have multiple seeps that flow to the stream. The edges of the valley exhibit characteristics
of drained wetlands and an area of existing wetland along the east side of the stream. A remnant dam,
now breached, is present on Reach 1. Downstream of the old dam, Reach 2 drops over a headcut and is
then incised as it flows down valley. The streamside vegetation is mostly red cedar. Livestock have
impacted this reach. The project reach ends at the parcel boundary before the confluence with Little
Cabin farther downstream.
3.2.2 Existing Wetlands
The majority of estimated existing wetlands on the Site include herbaceous/sparsely wooded
depressions within the floodplains and headwaters of Kodiak, Little Cabin Creek Reaches 3 and 4, and
Dome. Forested wetland depressions were observed in the floodplains of Acadia, Yurt, Bushnell, and
Little Cabin Creek Reach 1. The approximate locations of existing wetlands are shown and labeled in
Figure 4.
Areas in the relic floodplain of Little Cabin Creek contain buried hydric soils and do not have a current
wetland hydrologic regime. This stratification suggests a historic presence of wetlands that have been
degraded by cattle activity and drained by stream incision. A berm has formed on both banks of Little
Cabin and is nearly continuous in Reaches 2, 3, and 4, limiting stream access to floodplain wetlands.
Buried hydric soils were also observed within the streamside berms.
3.2.3 Existing Riparian Buffer
Forested buffer zones consist of mixed hardwood forests which vary in composition across the Site.
Common species include black walnut (Juglans nigra), eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), shagbark
hickory (Carya ovata), pignut hickory (Carya glabra), slippery elm (Ulmus rubra), tulip poplar
(Liriodendron tulipifera), sycamore (Platanus occidentlias), winged elm (Ulmus alata), red maple (Acer
rubrum), white oak (Quercus alba), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), willow oak (Quercus phellos),
mulberry (Morus rubra), American holly (Ilex opaca), and American beech (Fagus grandifolia). Invasive
species such as Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), and
multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) can be found in some forested areas in variable densities but are not
dominating native vegetation. In non -forested areas, pasture grasses and dogfennel (Eupatorium
capillifolium) dominate the floodplains with varied occurrences of pokeberry (Phytolacca decandra),
thistle (Cirsium spp.), goldenrod (Solidago spp.), and other shrubs and vines along channel banks.
3.2.4 Soils
The proposed project is mapped by the Web Soil Survey for Randolph County. The primary project area
soils are described below in Table 4 and Figure 7 provides a soil map of the site. Badin-Tarrus, Chewacla,
Mecklenburg, and Wilkes-Poindexter-Wynott soils are the primary soil groups mapped in the floodplains
of project streams.
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Table 4 Floodplain Soil Types and Descriptions
Soil Name
Description
(BaC) — Badin
Badin Tarrus Complex soils are composed of well drained soils on hillslopes on ridges. Slopes range
Tarrus Complex
from 8 to 15%. The upper 6 inches is silt loam, with clay/silty clay below to a depth of 24 inches.
Depth to a restrictive layer ranges from 20 to 60 inches.
(BaD) —Badin
Badin Tarrus Complex soils are composed of well drained soils on hillslopes on ridges. Slopes range
Tarrus Complex
from 15-25%. The upper 6 inches is silt loam, with silty clay/silty clay loam below to a depth of 20
inches. Depth to a restrictive layer ranges from 20 to 60 inches.
(ChA) - Chewacla
Chewacla Loam occurs on 0-2%floodplains that are somewhat poorly drained. This soil is on the
Loam (hydric)
state hydric soil list. Depth to a restrictive layer is greater than 80 inches.
(MaC) —
Mecklenburg Loam soils are composed of well drained soils on hillslopes on ridges. Slopes range
Mecklenburg
from 8 to 15%. The upper 8 inches is loam, with clay below to a depth of 25 inches. Depth to a
Loam
restrictive layer is greater than 80 inches.
(MeB2) —
Mecklenburg Clay Loam soils are composed of well drained soils on interfluves. Slopes range from 2
Mecklenburg
to 8%. The upper 7 inches is clay loam, with clay below to a depth of 30 inches. Depth to a
Clay Loam
restrictive layer is greater than 80 inches.
(MeC2) —
Mecklenburg Clay Loam soils are composed of well drained soils on interfluves. Slopes range from 8
Mecklenburg
to 15%. The upper 7 inches is clay loam, with clay below to a depth of 30 inches. Depth to a
Clay Loam
restrictive layer is greater than 80 inches.
(WpC) — Wilkes-
Wilkes-Poindexter-Wynott Complex soils are composed of well drained soils on hillslopes on ridges.
Poindexter-
Slopes range from 8 to 15%. The upper 6-12 inches is loam, with loam, clay loam, and sandy clay
Wynott Complex
loam below to varying depth. Depth to a paralithic bedrock ranges from 10 to 40 inches.
3.2.5 Geology
The site lies in the Carolina Terrane of the Piedmont physiographic province. The Piedmont is
characterized by gently rolling, well-rounded hills with long low ridges, with elevations ranging from 300
to 1,500 feet above sea level. The Carolina terrane is composed of heated and deformed
metamorphosed igneous rocks which were part of a chain of ancient volcanic islands off the coast of the
ancient continent Gondwana. According to the Geologic Map of North Carolina (1985), the underlying
geology of the site is mapped as Late Proterozoic -Cambrian age metamorphosed granitic rock formation
(CZg) within the Carolina Slate Belt. The intrusive rock is described as megacrystic and well foliated with
local hornblende.
The geology of this area has important effects on Site hydrology, hydraulics, geomorphology, and
sediment transport. Streams in the Carolina Slate Belt tend to go dry during late summer and early fall
as a result of geologic, topographic, and climatic factors. A study by Guise and Mason (1993) states that
the, "Carolina slate belt has among the lowest potential for sustaining baseflow in streams" throughout
the year as compared to other regions of North Carolina. Median low flows in the Carolina Slate Belt,
defined by the study as the 7Q10 (the annual minimum 7-day consecutive low flow), can be as low as
0.005 ft3/s/mi2 of drainage area (Giese and Mason, 1993). If streambank vegetation is not well
established it can die back in late summer when flows are low, leaving banks exposed to erosive storm
flows. This process appears to happen during the summer months and periods of drought along streams
where pasture grasses dominate the bank and riparian vegetation. The pasture grasses that die back for
a portion of the year, and the exposed banks lack the roughness necessary to reduce channel velocities.
High channel velocities and shear stresses increase bed scour during these times. This has resulted in the
process of channel incision followed by widening. These erosional processes deliver sediment and its
adsorbed nutrients downstream. It is likely that these processes are also occurring on other unbuffered
streams within the watershed.
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3.2.6 Threatened and Endangered Species
Wildlands searched the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NHP) databases to identify federally listed threatened and endangered plant and animal
species and their habitats for Randolph County, NC. Currently the Schweinitz's sunflower (Helianthus
schweinitzii) is listed as endangered, and the tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus) is listed as proposed
endangered. The Atlantic pigtoe (Fusconaia masoni) is listed as threatened. Pedestrian surveys
conducted on July 12 and July 18, 2023, indicated that the project area does provide suitable habitat for
the Schweinitz's sunflower and tricolored bat. The Site does not provide suitable habitat for the Atlantic
pigtoe. Wildlands will conduct a full review for protected species upon award of the contract and will
coordinate with USFWS and NCWRC as necessary based on that review.
Table 5 Listed Threatened and Endangered Species in Randolph County
Species
Federal Status
Common Name
Scientific Name
Flowering Plant
Schweinitz's Sunflower
Helianthus schweinitzii
Endangered
Clams
Atlantic pigtoe
Fusconaia masoni
Threatened
Mammal
Tricolored bat
Perimyotis subflavus
Proposed Endangered
Bird
Bald eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
3.2.7 Cultural Resources / Conservation Lands / Natural Heritage Areas
There are four sites shown on the NC Historic Preservation Office's HPOWEB 2.0 program; including
RD0166 Steel Bridge (Replaced?), RD0341— Sophia School (Gone), RD0257 — Spencer House (Gone), and
RD0177 Caraway Baptist Church (Replaced). All are greater than a mile from the Site and are known or
expected to no longer be in place. There are no listed sites on project parcels, and these historic sites
are not expected to be impacted by project activities. The archaeological files at the North Carolina
Office of State Archaeology (OSA) have not been reviewed at this time. All appropriate cultural resource
agencies will be contacted for their review and comment prior to any land disturbing activity.
The NC National Heritage Program (NHP) Managed Areas reference nine NC Division of Mitigation
Services conservation easements, two NC DOT mitigation sites, a Piedmont Land Conservancy easement,
a Three Rivers Land Trust Easement, and one Unique Places to Save easement in addition to multiple
City of Randleman Open spaces within 5 miles of the site. Additionally, the NC NHP Natural Areas
identified the Caraway Creek Aquatic Habitat, Caraway Mountain, and Randleman Lake as Significant
Natural Heritage Areas in the vicinity of the project area (Figure 1).
3.2.8 FEMA Floodplain Compliance
The site is represented on the Randolph County Flood Maps 3710773500J and 3710774400J, dated
January 2, 2008. Site streams fall within Zone X, an area of minimal flood hazard. The Site will be
designed to avoid hydrologic trespass on adjacent properties or roadways.
3.2.9 Existing Site Constraints
The Site has few known constraints. Preliminary site investigations have not documented any utilities or
existing easements within the project area. Bedrock outcrops are present on many of the site streams
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but are exposed in areas where the channels are deeply incised. These areas are proposed for
restoration at a higher elevation; therefore, the bedrock is not anticipated to constrain the design.
Two internal crossings are proposed on the Site to maintain the landowner's access throughout the
property. A 50-foot-wide culvert crossing is proposed on Acadia, and a 60-foot-wide culvert crossing Is
proposed on Little Cabin Reach 3. The crossings will be designed to promote aquatic organism passage
and are therefore not anticipated to constrain the functional uplift potential of the Site.
The proposed conservation easement boundary will provide a minimum of 50-foot-wide buffers for all
project streams proposed for mitigation credit where it is unconstrained by existing property
boundaries. A length of narrow buffer is anticipated on Little Cabin Reaches 1 and 2. Wide buffers,
extending to the property boundary, are proposed on the southern side of Yurt and Little Cabin Reach 4.
Wide buffers are anticipated to offset the known areas of narrow buffer and to generate additional
stream crediting. Credit adjustments will be developed using the Non -Standard Buffer Width Calculation
tool provided by the USACE Wilmington District.
4.0 Mitigation Work Plan
Wildlands will begin the project by identifying the best design approach to meet the stated project
objectives and implement the appropriate degree of intervention. A combination of analog, empirical,
and analytical design approaches will potentially be used. All project resources will be designed to create
stable, functional stream channels and riparian wetlands. The proposed approaches and concept design
are shown on Figures 8 and 9.
4.1 Stream Restoration
Reaches proposed for restoration include Little Cabin Reaches 3 and 4, Acadia, Core, Dome Reaches 1
and 2, Yurt, Columbia Reach 2, and Kodiak Reach 2. These reaches in general exhibit systemic erosion
and incision that warrant full geomorphic restoration. Restoration reaches will be designed and built
with appropriate dimension, pattern, and profile to allow for frequent overbank flooding, provide stable
bank slopes, enable biological uplift, and reconnect streams with their historic floodplains and wetlands.
Reference streams will be identified and will serve as one of the primary sources of information upon
which restoration designs are based. Wildlands has developed a general approach to be used as the
basis for stream restoration design. The design approach, which is tailored to each project, continues to
develop as additional projects are implemented.
Other than a short length of Yurt at the upstream extent and Little Cabin Reach 4 at the downstream
extent, all restoration reaches will connect to an existing headcut or knickpoint which allows for
immediate transition to a Priority 1 restoration design. Livestock will be excluded from all reaches.
Instream structures will be installed to promote water quality, increase bed and bank stabilization,
provide bedform diversity, add wood to the system, and increase aquatic and terrestrial habitat.
Wildlands plans to evaluate stream substrate and determine appropriate gradations/bed features for
the Site streams. At this stage, Wildlands believes most of these channels will be built using a threshold
channel approach with a gravel/cobble substrate.
4.2 Stream Enhancement I and II
Enhancement I is proposed on Little Cabin Reach 2, where the banks are stable, but the stream begins to
actively incise. Little Cabin Reach 2's profile will be raised in place using instream structures to allow for
a smooth transition to Priority 1 restoration work downstream while diversifying the bedform.
Enhancement II practices are proposed for perennial reaches experiencing spot erosion and incision
(Little Cabin Reach 1), as well as for intermittent stream reaches experiencing both spot and widespread
erosion and cattle impacts (Tahoe, Ozark, Coleman, and Kodiak Reach 1). Work on these streams will
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include livestock exclusion, bed and bank repair as needed, and non-native invasive vegetation
treatment. This approach allows the flexibility to preserve existing stream sections exhibiting good
bedform and terrestrial habitat. As part of Coleman's enhancement and in support of adjacent wetland
work, the profile will be restored near the Little Cabin confluence.
4.3 Stream Preservation
A preservation approach will be used on Bushnell and Columbia Reach 1. Minimal work is proposed on
these reaches due to their stable existing condition. Spot areas of erosion, if encountered, will be
stabilized and planted. Cattle will be excluded from the conservation easement and areas with open
canopy in the riparian buffer will planted.
4.4 Wetland Enhancement
Wetland enhancement areas are existing wetlands that have degraded function due to physical
impairment, such as cattle trampling and grazing, as well as hydrologic impairment such as adjacent
incised streams and artificial drainage. Wetland enhancement will be achieved via cattle exclusion and
riparian buffer planting of Dome, Acadia, Tahoe, Yurt, and Little Cabin. Existing wetlands adjacent to
Dome, Acadia, and Yurt will also be hydrologically enhanced by the Priority 1 restoration of these
streams.
4.5 Wetland Rehabilitation
Wetland rehabilitation areas are existing wetlands that have degraded function due to physical
impairment, such as cattle trampling and vegetative management/grazing, as well as hydrologic
impairment, such as adjacent incised streams and artificial drainage (i.e., ditching, subsurface drainage,
etc.). Wetland rehabilitation will be achieved via cattle exclusion, riparian buffer planting, and stream
improvements to Kodiak, Coleman, and Little Cabin.
4.6 Wetland Re -Establishment
Wetland re-establishment areas have hydric soils but lack an active wetland hydrologic regime due to
stream incision and erosion. Wetland re-establishment will be accomplished through Priority 1
restoration of Dome, Acadia, and Little Cabin. Raising the profiles of these streams and removing any
berms along top of bank will allow for broader distribution of flood flows across the floodplain and
rehydration of historic wetlands within the floodplain. Further, raising the streams' profiles will reduce
drawdown of the groundwater table and increase surface and subsurface water retention times within
the floodplain. Cattle exclusion and riparian buffer planting will reduce compaction of soils and re-
establish native wetland vegetative communities.
4.7 Wetland Creation
Wetland creation areas are proposed within the floodplain of Little Cabin where soils had some redox
indicators at depth but were not depleted or consistent enough to be considered hydric. Proposed
wetland creation areas include streamside berms along Little Cabin and areas within the floodplain at
grade with existing wetland features. Wetland creation will be accomplished through Priority 1
restoration of Little Cabin Creek. Raising the profile of the stream and removing any berms along top of
bank will allow for broader distribution of flood flows across the floodplain, while increasing surface and
subsurface water retention times within the floodplain. This will establish the appropriate hydrologic
conditions to create additional streamside wetland areas adjacent to Little Cabin Creek. Further, it is
anticipated 18-20 inches of material will be graded from wetland creation areas, bringing buried hydric
soils near the floodplain elevation. Cut material generated from wetland creation areas will be used to
fill abandoned sections of restored stream channels.
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4.8 Wetland Preservation
Wetland preservation is proposed for an existing wetland area adjacent to Bushnell. This area is within a
mature mixed hardwood forest and has little impairment from cattle trampling, vegetative
management/grazing, or changes in hydrologic regime. The wetland preservation area will benefit from
the establishment of a conservation easement and continued protection of the existing wetland from
future development or cattle disturbance.
4.9 Riparian Restoration
Native riparian buffers will be planted along restored stream reaches and in all proposed wetland
restoration zones. The ecological uplift can be summarized as transforming an area long used for
agricultural production and livestock grazing to a protected riparian corridor. Buffer restoration will
involve planting appropriate native tree species along the riparian corridor. Herbaceous riparian
vegetation will also be planted, but additional herbaceous plants are expected to re-establish naturally
and through the placement of a native seed mix in disturbed areas. Live stake shrub species will be
planted along restored streams. Vegetation management and herbicide applications will be needed over
the first few years of tree establishment in the riparian buffer restoration areas to prevent
encroachment of invasive species.
Portions of the Site that have been maintained as pasture will require little Site preparation other than
select herbicide treatments prior to planting. The planting plan will be based on an appropriate nearby
reference community and past project experience. The plan will be developed to restore appropriate
strata (canopy, understory, shrub, and herbaceous layers). Vegetation planted in restored wetland areas
will be based on species identified within appropriate reference locations and professional experience
based on site conditions. Existing wooded areas will be treated for invasive species and supplementally
planted as needed to achieve target stem densities.
When feasible, existing mature trees will be avoided during restoration design and construction.
Proposed stream alignments will be field verified and adjusted to avoid stands of existing native trees.
During construction, site access and staging will be coordinated to avoid disturbance to existing
vegetation. Trees to remain will be well -marked to prevent construction loss.
5.0 Determination of Mitigation Credits
Use of credits from the Bank to offset stream and riparian wetland impacts authorized by federal
permits or state water quality certifications must follow the Clean Water Act, Section 404(b)(1)
guidelines and other applicable state and federal legislation, regulations, and policies. Prior to the
release of credits, the following requirements will be met: IRT approval of the final Mitigation Plan and
execution of amendments to the banking instrument, recordation of the conservation easement, and
establishment of appropriate financial assurances.
A summary of the proposed credits is included in Table 6. Portions of the Site offer buffers far wider
than the required 50-foot minimum width, and credit adjustments using the latest version of the
Wilmington District Stream Buffer Credit Calculator issued by USACE will be presented in the mitigation
plan. Proposed credit release schedules are provided in Section 6.0.
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Table 6 Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits
Stream Credits
Reach
Management Objectives
Length
(feet)',', s
Credit
Ratio
Stream
Credits
RESTORATION
Little Cabin Reach 3
Restore appropriate dimension,
pattern, and profile with Priority 1
restoration. Create riffle -pool
sequences, install wood and rock
habitat structures, allow bankfull
floodplain access. Establish native
riparian buffer, exclude cattle.
1,980
1:1
1,980.000
Little Cabin Reach 4
1,206
1:1
1,206.000
Acadia
1,750
1:1
1,750.000
Core
86
1:1
86.000
Dome Reach 1
432
1:1
432.000
Dome Reach 2
1,200
1:1
1,200.000
Yurt
1,550
1:1
1,550.000
Columbia Reach 2
121
1:1
121.000
Kodiak Reach 2
396
1:1
396.000
Restoration Subtotal
8,721
8,721.000
ENHANCEMENTI
Little Cabin Reach 2
Restore profile and dimension. Raise
profile with structures. Establish
native riparian buffer, exclude cattle.
211
1.5:1
140.667
Enhancement I Subtotal
211
140.667
Enhancement II Subtotal
Little Cabin Reach 1
Stabilize areas of bank erosion.
Establish native riparian buffer,
exclude cattle.
945
2.5:1
378.000
Tahoe
68
2.5:1
27.200
Ozark
461
2.5:1
184.400
Coleman
263
2.5:1
105.200
Kodiak Reach 1
133
2.5:1
53.200
Enhancement II Subtotal
1,870
748.000
PRESERVATION
Bushnell
Treat invasive vegetation and plant
open areas of canopy. Exclude cattle.
339
7:1
48.429
Columbia Reach 1
244
7:1
34.857
Preservation Subtotal
583
83.286
Total: 11,385
9,692.952
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Table 7 Proposed Wetland Mitigation Credits
Wetland Credits
Type of
Area
Credit
Wetland
Wetland Area
Management Objectives
Mitigation
(acres)1
Ratio
Credits
Improve hydrology by raising adjacent stream
Wetland
channels to be reconnected with their floodplains.
Enhancement
0.193
3:1
0.064
Enhancement
Restore a wetland vegetation community. Exclude
cattle.
Improve hydrology by raising adjacent stream
channels to be reconnected with their floodplains
Wetland
and minor floodplain grading to reduce soil
Rehabilitation
0.757
1.5:1
0.505
Rehabilitation
compaction. Restore a wetland vegetation
community and establish a native woody riparian
buffer. Exclude cattle.
Re-establish a wetland hydroperiod by raising
adjacent stream channels to be reconnected with
Wetland Re-
their floodplains and floodplain grading to reduce
Re
establishment
soil compaction. Plant a native riparian buffer and
establishment
2.573
1:1
2.573
establish a wetland vegetation community.
Exclude cattle.
Raise the profile of Little Cabin Creek to reconnect
Wetland
it with its floodplain and establish a wetland
Creation
hydroperiod. Exclude cattle. Plant native
Creation
2.223
3:1
0.445
vegetation.
Wetland
Treat invasive species if necessary. Establish a
Preservation
0.034
10:1
0.005
Preservation
permanent conservation easement.
Total:
5.780
---
3.592
1: Proposed lengths and acres are estimates only. These values will be revised based on survey data and final design alignments for the mitigation
plans.
2: No credits are proposed for easement crossings. The width of each crossing has been removed from stream lengths and wetland areas and
credit totals.
3: Credit adjustments to be estimated for non-standard buffer widths using the latest version of the Wilmington District Stream Buffer Credit
Calculator issued by USACE in the mitigation plan.
6.0 Credit Release Schedule
Tables 8 and 9 summarize the credit release schedule for the Site. All credit releases will be based on the
total credit generated as reported by the as -built surveys of the Site. Under no circumstances shall any
mitigation bank be debited until the necessary Department of Army (DA) authorization has been
received for its construction or the District Engineer (DE) has otherwise provided written approval for
the project in the case where no DA authorization is required for construction of the mitigation project.
The DE, in consultation with the IRT, will determine if performance standards have been satisfied
sufficiently to meet the requirements of the release schedules below. In cases where some performance
standards have not been met, credits may still be released depending on the specifics of the case.
Monitoring may be required to restart or be extended, depending on the extent to which the site fails to
meet the specified performance standard. The release of project credits will be in compliance with the
October 24, 2016, Wilmington District Stream and Wetland Compensatory Mitigation Update Guidance
Document.
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Table 8 Stream Credit Release Table
Credit Release
Credit Release Activity
Interim
Total
Milestone
Release
Released
1
Site Establishment
15%
15%
Completion of all initial physical and biological improvements
2
made pursuant to the Mitigation Plan
15%
30%
First year monitoring report demonstrates channels are stable
3
and interim performance standards have been met
10%
40%
Second year monitoring report demonstrates channels are stable
4
and interim performance standards have been met
10%
50%
Third year monitoring report demonstrates channels are stable
5
and interim performance standards have been met
10%
60%
Fourth year monitoring report demonstrates channels are stable
65%
6
and interim performance standards have been met
5%
(75%')
Fifth year monitoring report demonstrates performance
75%
7
standards are being met
10%
(85%')
Sixth year monitoring report demonstrates performance
80%
8
standards are being met
50/
(90%.)
Seventh year monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
90%
9
stable, and performance standards have been met.
10%
(100%`)
*A 10% reserve of credits to be held back until the ban kfuII event performance standard has been met.
Table 9 Wetland Credit Release Table
Credit Release
Credit Release Activity
Interim
Total
Milestone
Release
Released
1
Site Establishment
15%
15%
Completion of all initial physical and biological improvements
2
made pursuant to the Mitigation Plan
15%
30%
First year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
3
performance standards have been met
10%
40%
Second year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
4
performance standards have been met
10%
50%
Third year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
5
performance standards have been met
15/0
65%
Fourth year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
6
performance standards have been met
5o
�
70%
Fifth year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
7
performance standards have been met
15%
85%
Sixth year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
8
performance standards have been met
5%
90%
Seventh year monitoring report demonstrates wetland interim
9
performance standards have been met
10%
100%
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6.1 Initial Allocation of Released Credits
The initial allocation of released credits is defined as Bank Establishment in the October 24, 2016,
Wilmington District Stream and Wetland Compensatory Mitigation Update Guidance Document. The
initial allocation can be released without prior written approval of the DE upon satisfactory completion
of the following activities:
a. Execution of the UMBI by the Sponsor and the USACE.
b. Approval of the Final Mitigation Plan.
c. The mitigation bank site must be secured.
d. Recordation of the conservation easement, as well as delivery of a title opinion that is
acceptable to the USACE.
e. Delivery of the financial assurances described in the Mitigation Plan.
f. 404 permit verification for construction of the site, if required.
6.2 Subsequent Credit Releases
All subsequent credit releases must be approved by the DE, in consultation with the IRT, based on a
determination that required performance standards have been achieved. For stream projects, a reserve
of 10% of a site's total stream credits shall be released after four bankfull events have occurred in
separate years, provided the channel is stable and all other performance standards are met. If less than
four bankfull events occur during the monitoring period, release of these reserve credits shall be at the
discretion of the IRT. As the bank approaches milestones associated with the credit release, Wildlands
will submit a request for credit release to the DE along with documentation substantiating achievement
of criteria required for release to occur. This documentation will be included with the annual monitoring
report.
7.0 Maintenance and Long -Term Sustainability
7.1 Maintenance
The Site shall be monitored on a regular basis and a physical inspection of the site shall be conducted at
a minimum of once per year throughout the post -construction monitoring period until performance
standards are met. Site inspections may identify site components and features that require routine
maintenance. Routine maintenance will be conducted to rectify identified deficiencies and may include
the activities listed in Table 10.
Table 10Adaptive Management Plan
Component /
Feature
Adaptive Management Through Project Close -Out
Routine channel maintenance and repair activities may include chinking of in -stream structures
to prevent piping, securing loose coir matting, and supplemental installations of live stakes and
Stream
other target vegetation along the channel. Areas where stormwater and floodplain flows
intercept the channel may also require adaptive management to prevent bank failures and
head -cutting. Beaver dams that inundate the streams channels shall be removed and the
beaver shall be trapped.
Wetland boundaries will be evaluated based on corresponding groundwater gage data. If
consecutive monitoring years of groundwater gage data fail to meet specified standards,
additional gages may be installed to supplement the mapped extents of groundwater uplift and
Wetland
wetland extents. A basic field re -verification of wetland boundaries may also be warranted,
which could include the evaluation of the extent of hydric soils and its development within
wetland restoration areas. Mature vegetation within wetland areas will be evaluated for vigor
and, if increased water table elevations result in tree mortality, supplemental planting will be
performed to offset loss in targeted canopy species.
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 18

Component /
Feature
Adaptive Management Through Project Close -Out
Vegetation shall be maintained to ensure the health and vigor of the targeted community.
Routine vegetation adaptive management and repair activities may include supplemental
Vegetation
planting, pruning, mulching, and fertilizing. Exotic invasive plant species affecting the viability of
the mitigation shall be controlled by mechanical and/or chemical methods. Any vegetation
control requiring herbicide application will be performed in accordance with the NC
Department of Agriculture (NCDA) rules and regulations.
Site boundaries shall be identified in the field to ensure a clear distinction between the bank
Site
site and adjacent properties. Boundaries may be identified by fence, marker, bollard, post, tree -
Boundary
blazing, or other means as allowed by site conditions and/or conservation easement. Boundary
markers disturbed, damaged, or destroyed will be repaired and/or replaced on an as -needed
basis.
7.2 Adaptive Management Plan
Upon completion of site construction, the Sponsor will implement the post -construction monitoring
protocols and minor remedial actions (routine maintenance) will be performed as needed for the
duration of the monitoring period. The Sponsor will notify the USACE immediately if monitoring results
or visual observations suggest a trend towards instability, major remedial actions are needed, or that
performance standards cannot be achieved. Should major remedial measures be required, the Sponsor
will submit a Corrective Action Plan and coordinate with the USACE until authorization is secured to
conduct the adaptive management activities. The Sponsor is responsible for funding and/or providing
the services necessary to secure any necessary permits to support the proposed major remedial
adaptive management actions, to implement the corrective action plan, and to deliver record drawings
that depict the extent and nature of the work performed. If the USACE determines that the Bank is not
meeting performance standards or the Sponsor is not complying with the terms of the instrument, the
USACE may take appropriate actions, including but not limited to: suspending credit sales, utilizing
financial assurances, and/or terminating the instrument.
7.3 Long Term Management Provisions
The Sponsor will institute a Long -Term Management Plan responsible for assessing the condition of the
mitigation site and implementing maintenance provisions to maintain performance of the site. The
proposed conservation easement will help to ensure that only IRT-allowable activities take place. This
easement will be transferred to an IRT-approved non-profit organization once monitoring success
criteria have been achieved.
To monitor the project's continued success, a Long -Term Management Plan will be implemented
following the seven-year monitoring period. All components of the Bank will be inspected annually or
less frequently as needed to ensure that the Bank Sites remain stable in perpetuity. Sources of instability
or other deficiencies will be addressed. Invasive species will be managed annually or less frequently as
needed to ensure the long-term survivability of the planned native vegetation community. All reporting
will be documented and kept on file for future reference.
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 19

8.0 References
Giese, G.L. and R.R. Mason, 1993. Low -Flow Characteristics of Streams in North Carolina. US Geological
Survey. Water Supply Paper 2403. US Geological Survey, Raleigh, North Carolina, 29 pp.
North Carolina Department of Natural Resources (NCDENR). 2015. The Terranes and Major Geologic
Elements Of North Carolina.
https://ncdenr.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=Oa7ccd9394734ff6aa2434d2528d
df12
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). 2005. Local Watershed Plan for the
Yadkin River Basin: Upper Uwharrie River Watershed.
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2023. NCDOT 2020-2029 State Transportation
Improvement Plan Map.
https://ncdot.maps.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=cb02f4f828974670ad0lbb83be
91 h1Rc
North Carlina Flood Risk Information System. 2008. Randolph County Flood Maps 3710773500J and
3710774400J. https://fris.nc.gov/fris/Home.aspx?ST=NC
North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS), 1985. Geologic map of North Carolina 1:500,000 scale.
Compiled by Philip M. Brown at el. Raleigh, NC, NCGS.
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). Element Occurrence database search for project site,
https://ncnhde.natureserve.org
North Carolina Office of State Budget and Management (NCOBSM). 2023. Population Growth 2020-2030
https://www.osbm.nc.gov/facts-figures/population-demographics/state-demographer/countystate-
population-protections/population-growth-2020-2030
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC). 2015. Wildlife Action Plan.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2016. Wilmington District Stream and Wetland
Compensatory Mitigation Update.
United States Department of Agriculture — Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS), 2021
and 2023. Soil Survey of Randolph County, NC.
https://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/surveylist/soils/survey/state/?stateld=NC
USDA-NRCS. State Soil Data (SDA) Hydric Soil List. https://www.nres.usda.gov/publications/query-by-
state.html
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC).
Endangered Species, Threatened Species, Federal Species of Concern and Candidate Species for
project site, https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac.
W Yadkin 03 Umbrella Mitigation Bank Draft Prospectus
Little Cabin Mitigation Site Page 20

Project Location
t 14-Digit HUC.
0 River Basin
r- I County Boundary
Municipalities
Water Supply Watershed
NI
NC Division of —
Mitigation Services
Easement - Wall Riparian
Buffer Mitigation Site
NC Division of
Mitigation Services
Easement - Loflin Dairy
Buffer Mitigation Site
Local Watershed Plans
Targeted Local Watersheds
Water Quality TRA
Habitat TRA
INC Natural Heritage Program
Managed Areas
INC Historic Preservation Areas
Significant Natural Heritage Areas
Water Features
Hydrology TRA
� 303d Listed Streams
30003Q906
on- ; - - Uni ue Placrs.
7x"�, Save Easem�nt_�
ite
;
f
�\
y NC Division of - _
vG3G3000301G]?P/ _
Mitigatiop.Services
_ - Easenienf' Cedar Branch
NC Division of
NC Division of
Mitigation Services
Mitigation Services .
Easement - Longhorn
Easement - Cedar Branch
Mitigation Site
Restoration Site
Three Rivers Land
Trust Easement
NC Division of
Mitigation Services
Easement - Cedar Branch
Restoration Site
RestorationSite
- Randleman Lake -`
/ city
1 . _ NC;Divisiop_of " Ci of Rand
..t.. ,� _ • /_
- .F '
- - r - Deep River ^
-Mitigationsemices .s
Easement - Cedar Branch _=Alature T` ii
4 _ City of Randleman
- Restoration Site- Open Space
qty-of_- ndleman
�St. Paul's 40pen 7Spae- _
�Y ^ Methodist Ei copa -
Ch_ur`ch South
City of Randleman.
..3 ��•r�Y-
Stout Street Park- 7,
{ Project Location
Caraway Creek
Aquatic Habitat Caraway Creek
Aquatic Habitat
Piedmont Land
Conservancy Easement
Shepherd Mountain/Little
Caraway Creek Forest
;:r a -
=SA
7401030500 '
NC Department of
Transportation
Mitigation Site
WILDLANDS
ENGIt4EERING
City of RandlemanifiSL Randleman
Open Space
Randleman . _ _ _ _ _ _ ^
Graded Schaal - - = = = = = _
Caraway Mountain ;' - - - -
NC'F�hiti �.
.� .- » -
,- Mitigatio ervices:
EasFm� • Heath_`
NC Division of y _ _
Mitigation Services - - r-`.; fag=read
--
Easement - Heath -
Piedmont Land t Y + _.
Dairy Road
Conservancy Easement
NC -Division n of
MitigatioServices - -
_ _. _ ' •.� o
Easement - McCain
Property i
Figure 1 Vicinity Map
Wildlands Yadkin 03 U M B
0 0.75 1.5 Miles Little Cabin Mitigation Site
I I I I
Randolph County, NC

i
i
i
i
i
IREDELL
a�Vdlc
52 !
1
SURRY 1
DAVIE
64
STOKES
- Service Area - HUC 03040103
1
14 Digit Hydrologic Unit Code
Count i
�.._.. Y Boundary
Municipalities
I --
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
- I
r
iUIEFORn r i
22o''
f 5 bury 1 RANDDLI
ROWAN e I
moorelville f I 49
' 52 rf
I
k Conrord
i
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. . : Albemarle
STANLY % MONTGOMERY
" : t Uwhame
.,.' tbtlonal Fores!
Choi ��.«
MECKLENBURG •�4]
i
UNION i
ANSON 52 ; RICHMOND
1
•Il
11
1
MOORE
Figure 2 Service Area Map
k2wvW I L D L A N D S Wildlands Yadkin 03 UMB
E N G I N E E R I N G 0 5 10 Miles Little Cabin Mitigation Site
I I I I I
Randolph County, NC

2020-2029 STIP Points
Statewide Highway
Regional Highway
Division Highway
Interstate Maintenance
Bridge; None Bridge
Transition Highway
Other Highway; None Highway; None Highway Safety
+
Statewide Aviation
+
Regional Aviation
Division Aviation
Statewide Rail
Regional Rail
Division Rail
Other Rail; None Rail
Regional PublicTrans it
[]�]
Division Public Transit
Other Public Transit
Division Bicycle And Pedestrian
Statewide Highway
Regional Highway
Division Highway
IM
CMAQ
Other Highway; None Highway; None Highway Safety
� Transition Highway
some Transition Rail
Regional Public Transit
Division Public Transit
Division Bicycle And Pedestrian; Regional Bicycle And Pedestrian
Transition Bicycle And Pedestrian
Other Bicycle And Pedestrian; Ex Congestion Mitigation -Non;
PT Public Transit
t Statewide Rail
SURRY STOKES 85
j j I ROCKINGHAM j CASWELL 1 PERSON
.._...-1•.._.._...r.._.._.._......._.._.
.........67
.
* fi
YADKIN
I2 i FORSYTH
.� • _..-_. _.._.._.._r.._..._.._.._.._.
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elk
Om
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-_� County BoundaryNk
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t
r ` UNION j ANSON52 L• •f"RICHMOND
0
CUMBERLAND
HOKE
Figure 3 NCDOT Current STIR FY 2020-2029
W I L D L A N D S Wildiands Yadkin 03 UMB
k%W I I I I I t E N G I N E E R I N G 0 5 10 Miles Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Randolph County, NC

Reach

Glenola, NC 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle
�J
rA
WILDLANDS
ENGINEERING
750
N -a
7 5D_�
X
jib
Proposed Conservation Easement �1
Figure 5 USGS Topographic Map
0 250 500 Feet Wildlands Yadkin 03 UMB
I I I I I k Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Randolph County, NC

Figure 6 Watershed Figure
OAVA W I L D L A N D S Wildiands Yadkin 03 U M B
E N G 1 N E E R I N G 0 300 600 Feet Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Randolph County, NC

Project Location BaC - Badin-Tarrus Complex, 8-15% Slopes
Proposed Conservation Easement L BaD - Badin-Tarrus Complex, 15-25% Slopes
Perennial Project Streams C ChA - Chewacla Loam, 0-2% Slopes, Freq. Flooded
- Intermittent Project Streams F_ MaC - Mecklenburg Loam, 8-15% Slopes
Non -Project Streams Ilh- McB2 - Mecklenburg Clay Loam, 2-8% Slopes, Moderately Eroded
McC2
L McC2 - Mecklenburg Clay Loam, 8-15% Slopes, Moderately Eroded
WpC - Wilkes-Poindexter-Wynott Complex, 8-15%Slopes
✓ WPC �.
WPC i
f- McC2
y,
----------/
McC2 r.
''F ■ f 6i�
MaC
Al"
Ikht
:i-
CnA It
McB2 McB2
E�
1-
Figure 7 Soil Map
W I L D L AND S Wildlands Yadkin 03 UMB
ENGINEERING 0 200 400 Feet Little Cabin Mitigation Site
I I Il l l�
Randolph County, NC

Figure 8 Concept Design Map
W I L D L A N D S Wildlands Yadkin 03 UMB
ENGINEERING
0 150 300 Feet Little Cabin Mitigation Site
I I I l I
Randolph County, NC

Value
725
605
Project Location
Proposed Conservation Easement
J
• Proposed Internal Crossings
Proposed Stream Restoration
Proposed Stream Enhancement I
Proposed Stream Enhancement 11
Proposed Stream Preservation
No Stream Credit
Non -Project Streams
Topographic Contours (4')
® Reach Breaks
Reach 2
/f
r
r
err
i n
A
WILllLANUS ENGINEERING 0 200 400Feet
11 I E I
/
i
1
♦ rr�
'♦ 'rM
ach 2 Reach 7
Figure 9 LiDAR Map
Wildlands Yadkin 03 UMB
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Randolph County, NC

Appendix A
Recorded Option

BK 2863 PG 95 - 99 (5)
This Document eRecorded:
Fee: $26.00 DocType: MEMO
Randolph County, North Carolina
Krista M. Lowe, Register of Deeds
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
1430 South Mint Street, Suite 104
Charlotte, NC 28203
Attention: Matt Covington
DOC# 20166312
06/19/2023 12:05:51 PM
Tax: $0.00
This Memorandum of Option (this "Memorandum") is between Willis in Beeson and spouse,
Marie H. Beeson (collectively "Seller"), and it lands Engineering, Inc., a North Carolina corporation
("Buyer").
This memorandum will become effective when all parties have signed it. The date of this
Memorandum will be the date this Memorandum is signed by the last party to sign it.
Seller does hereby give and grant to Buyer the right and option to purchase mitigation use rights
on a portion of real property comprised of approximately 18.7 acres and 221.02 acres located at Beeson
Farm Road in Sophia, Randolph County, North Carolina, recorded in that County's Register of Deeds at
Book 806, Page 273 and at Book 1092, Page 768.
This option expires on May 31, 2026 and the closing shall occur on or before the date that is 30
days after the option expiration.
The provisions set forth in a written Option to Purchase Mitigation Use Rights between the parties
with an effective date of - ✓-sue are hereby incorporated in this memorandum.
f
Each party is signing this memorandum on the date stated below that party's signature.
1
submitted electronically by "wildlandS Engineering, Inc."
in compliance with North Carolina statutes governing recordable documents
and the terms of the submitter agreement with the Randolph county Register of Deeds.

BK 2863 PG 96 DOC# 20166312
BUYER:
WILDLANDS ENGINEERING, INC., a North Carolina
corporation
By:
Shawn D. Wilkerson, President
Date: 6/3-V23
SELLER:
WILLIS EDWIN BEESON and MARIE H. BEESON
Willis Edwin Beeson
Date: G `) Y - 19- 3
6
Marie H. Bees=on
Date: � — l G — .2-2)
5.22.23 tp/rwb

BK 2863 PG 97
DOC# 20166312
Aim.02n, I
XTWwMA11k �-' YI I ..
is President of Wildlands • Inc., a North Carolina corporation and that he, as President, bein�
=1 = M ESSIMEM
(Official Seal)
Official Signature of Notary
A
Notary's printed or typed name
ROBERT W. BUGG
NOTARY PUBLIC
Mecklenburg County
North Carolina
3
5.22.23 tp/rwb

BK 2863 PG 98
DOC# 20166312
)'noNoa PIS County, North Carolina
I certify that the following person personally appeared before me this day, acknowledging to me that he
or she signed the foregoing document:
,`J�jPI� H. �e�Son1
Name of principal
Date: Z14Nu
o j MOFR
PUB00
-:2�7 �7 - A�7�
Official g51 nature of Notary
7-'r"drNY I. n4aR►zl v
Notary's printed or typed name
My commission expires: S/2 ( 1Z,jZS
If
5.22.23 tp/rwb

BK 2863 PG 99
DOC# 20166312
/Y NP6,LP14 County, North Carolina
I certify that the following person personally appeared before me this day, acknowledging to me that he
or she signed the foregoing document:
WILLIS r-Dw/ry
Name of principal
Date: 6LI4, 3
"UBL\G
Offiaa Signa ure of Notary
Notary's printed or typed name My commission expires: .r/Z� /Zozg
4
5.22.23 tp/rwb

Appendix B
Landowner Authorization Form

LANDOWNER AUTHORIZATION FORM
a
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
Deed Book: 806 Page: 273 County: Randolph
Parcel ID Number: 7735-92-0722
Deed Book: 1092 Page: 768 County: Randolph
Parcel ID Number: 7735-94-5734
Street Address: Beeson Farm Road, Sophia, NC 27350
Property Owner: Willis Ed�tiin Beeson and spouse, Marie H. Beeson
The undersigned, registered property owner(s) of the above property, do hereby authorize
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. to take all actions necessary for the evaluation of the property as a
potential stream, wetland and/or riparian buffer mitigation project, including conducting stream
and/or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required
permit(s) or certification(s). We agree to allow regulatory agencies, including the US Army Corps
of Engineers, to visit the property as part of these environmental reviews.
Property Owners(s) Address: 4542 Beeson Farm Road, Sophia, NC 27350
Property Owner Telephone Number: igg-L-7n7-
Td0'`t' 33G - 3aZ f 6 Y 2S
We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of our knowledge.
—
(Property Owner Authorized Signature)
WZ;?
(Date)
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) ( ate)

Appendix C
EDR Radius Report Summary

Little Cabin Mitigation Site
4462 BEESON FARM RD
SOPHIA, NC 27350
Inquiry Number: 7496961.2s
November 14, 2023
6 Armstrong Road, 4th floor
Shelton, CT 06484
(rEDR . Toll Free: 800.352.0050
www.edrnet.com
FORM-LBC-MGA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
PAGE
Executive Summary
ES1
OverviewMap-----------------------------------------------------------
2
DetailMap--------------------------------------------------------------
3
Map Findings Summary
4
MapFindings------------------------------------------------------------
8
Orphan Summary---------------------------------------------------------
9
Government Records Searched/Data Currency Tracking- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - GRA
GEOCHECK ADDENDUM
Physical Setting Source Addendum
A-1
Physical Setting Source Summary
A-2
Physical Setting SSURGO Soil Map -------------------------------------------
A-5
Physical Setting Source Map------------------------------------------------
A-16
Physical Setting Source Map Findings
A-18
Physical Setting Source Records Searched
PSGR-1
Thank you for your business.
Please contact EDR at 1-800-352-0050
with any questions or comments.
Disclaimer - Copyright and Trademark Notice
This Report contains certain information obtained from a variety of public and other sources reasonably available to Environmental Data
Resources, LLC. It cannot be concluded from this Report that coverage information for the target and surrounding properties does not exist
from other sources. This Report is provided on an "AS IS", "AS AVAILABLE" basis. NO WARRANTY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED IS MADE
WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THIS REPORT. ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, LLC AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES,
AFFILIATES AND THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, OF ANY KIND OR NATURE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS REPORT OR ANY OF THE DATA AND INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS REPORT,
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES REGARDING ACCURACY, QUALITY, CORRECTNESS, COMPLETENESS,
COMPREHENSIVENESS, SUITABILITY, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, NON -INFRINGEMENT,
MISAPPROPRIATION, OR OTHERWISE. ALL RISK IS ASSUMED BY THE USER. IN NO EVENT SHALL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
RESOURCES, LLC OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES OR THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE TO ANYONE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR OTHER DAMAGES OF ANY TYPE OR KIND (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF USE, OR LOSS OF DATA) INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS REPORT. Any analyses, estimates,
ratings, environmental risk levels, or risk codes provided in this Report are provided for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to
provide, nor should they be interpreted as providing any facts regarding, or prediction or forecast of, any environmental risk for any property.
Only an assessment performed by a qualified environmental professional can provide findings, opinions or conclusions regarding the
environmental risk or conditions in, on or at any property.
Copyright 2023 by Environmental Data Resources, LLC. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any media or format, in whole or in part, of any
report or map of Environmental Data Resources, LLC, or its affiliates, is prohibited without prior written permission.
EDR and its logos (including Sanborn and Sanborn Map) are trademarks of Environmental Data Resources, LLC or its affiliates. All other
trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners.
TC7496961.2s Page 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A search of available environmental records was conducted by Environmental Data Resources, Inc (EDR).
The report was designed to assist parties seeking to meet the search requirements of EPA's Standards
and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiries (40 CFR Part 312), the ASTM Standard Practice for
Environmental Site Assessments (E1527 - 21), the ASTM Standard Practice for Environmental Site
Assessments for Forestland or Rural Property (E2247 - 16), the ASTM Standard Practice for Limited
Environmental Due Diligence: Transaction Screen Process (E1528 - 22) or custom requirements developed
for the evaluation of environmental risk associated with a parcel of real estate.
TARGET PROPERTY INFORMATION
ADDRESS
4462 BEESON FARM RD
SOPHIA, NC 27350
COORDINATES
Latitude (North):
Longitude (West):
Universal Tranverse Mercator:
UTM X (Meters):
UTM Y (Meters):
Elevation:
35.8182450 - 35' 49' 5.68"
79.8775450 - 79° 52' 39.16"
Zone 17
601400.3
3964170.8
685 ft. above sea level
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP ASSOCIATED WITH TARGET PROPERTY
Target Property Map: 50021316 GLENOLA, NC
Version Date: 2022
East Map: 50021542 RANDLEMAN, NC
Version Date: 2022
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN THIS REPORT
Portions of Photo from: 20200603
Source: USDA
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

MAPPED SITES SUMMARY
Target Property Address:
4462 BEESON FARM RD
SOPHIA, NC 27350
Click on Map ID to see full detail.
MAP
ID SITE NAME ADDRESS
NO MAPPED SITES FOUND
DATABASE ACRONYMS
RELATIVE DIST (ft. & mi.)
ELEVATION DIRECTION
7496961.2s Page 2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TARGET PROPERTY SEARCH RESULTS
The target property was not listed in any of the databases searched by EDR.
DATABASES WITH NO MAPPED SITES
No mapped sites were found in EDR's search of available ("reasonably ascertainable ") government
records either on the target property or within the search radius around the target property for the
following databases:
STANDARD ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Lists of Federal NPL (Superfund) sites
NPL National Priority List
Proposed NPL---------------- Proposed National Priority List Sites
NPL LIENS Federal Superfund Liens
Lists of Federal Delisted NPL sites
Delisted NPL National Priority List Deletions
Lists of Federal sites subject to CERCLA removals and CERCLA orders
FEDERAL FACILITY---------. Federal Facility Site Information listing
SEMS Superfund Enterprise Management System
Lists of Federal CERCLA sites with NFRAP
SEMS-ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive
Lists of Federal RCRA facilities undergoing Corrective Action
CORRACTS------------------ Corrective Action Report
Lists of Federal RCRA TSD facilities
RCRA-TSDF RCRA - Treatment, Storage and Disposal
Lists of Federal RCRA generators
RCRA-LQG RCRA - Large Quantity Generators
RCRA-SQG------------------ RCRA - Small Quantity Generators
RCRA-VSQG RCRA - Very Small Quantity Generators (Formerly Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity
Generators)
Federal institutional controls / engineering controls registries
LUCIS------------------------ Land Use Control Information System
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
US ENG CONTROLS --------- Engineering Controls Sites List
US INST CONTROLS Institutional Controls Sites List
Federal ERNS list
ERNS Emergency Response Notification System
Lists of state- and tribal (Superfund) equivalent sites
NC HSDS____________________ Hazardous Substance Disposal Site
Lists of state- and tribal hazardous waste facilities
SHWS Inactive Hazardous Sites Inventory
Lists of state and tribal landfills and solid waste disposal facilities
SWF/LF List of Solid Waste Facilities
OLI___________________________ Old Landfill Inventory
DEBRIS Solid Waste Active Disaster Debris Sites Listing
LCID Land -Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID) Landfill Notifications
Lists of state and tribal leaking storage tanks
LAST_________________________ Leaking Aboveground Storage Tanks
LUST Regional UST Database
INDIAN LUST Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUST TRUST ----------------- State Trust Fund Database
Lists of state and tribal registered storage tanks
FEMA UST Underground Storage Tank Listing
UST Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Database
AST__________________________ AST Database
INDIAN UST Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
State and tribal institutional control / engineering control registries
INST CONTROL No Further Action Sites With Land Use Restrictions Monitoring
Lists of state and tribal voluntary cleanup sites
VCP__________________________ Responsible Party Voluntary Action Sites
INDIAN VCP Voluntary Cleanup Priority Listing
Lists of state and tribal brownfield sites
BROWNFIELDS Brownfields Projects Inventory
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Local Brownfield lists
US BROWNFIELDS---------- A Listing of Brownfields Sites
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Local Lists of Landfill / Solid Waste Disposal Sites
SWRCY______________________
Recycling Center Listing
HIST LF
Solid Waste Facility Listing
INDIAN ODI
Report on the Status of Open Dumps on Indian Lands
DEBRIS REGION 9-----------
Torres Martinez Reservation Illegal Dump Site Locations
ODI
Open Dump Inventory
IHS OPEN DUMPS
Open Dumps on Indian Land
Local Lists of Hazardous waste / Contaminated Sites
US HIST CDL---------------- Delisted National Clandestine Laboratory Register
US CDL National Clandestine Laboratory Register
Local Land Records
LIENS 2 CERCLA Lien Information
Records of Emergency Release Reports
HMIRS_______________________
Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System
SPILLS
Spills Incident Listing
IMD
Incident Management Database
SPILLS 90--------------------
SPILLS 90 data from FirstSearch
SPILLS 80
SPILLS 80 data from FirstSearch
Other Ascertainable Records
RCRA NonGen / NLR
RCRA - Non Generators / No Longer Regulated
FUDS________________________
Formerly Used Defense Sites
DOD
Department of Defense Sites
SCRD DRYCLEANERS
State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Listing
US FIN ASSUR---------------
Financial Assurance Information
EPA WATCH LIST
EPA WATCH LIST
2020 COR ACTION
2020 Corrective Action Program List
TSCA________________________
Toxic Substances Control Act
TRIS
Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System
SSTS-------------------------
Section 7 Tracking Systems
ROD ________________
Records Of Decision
RMP
Risk Management Plans
RAATS
RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System
PRP__________________________
Potentially Responsible Parties
PADS
PCB Activity Database System
ICIS
Integrated Compliance Information System
FTTS_________________________
FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System - FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide
Act)/TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act)
MLTS
Material Licensing Tracking System
COAL ASH DOE_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _. Steam -Electric Plant Operation Data
COAL ASH EPA
Coal Combustion Residues Surface Impoundments List
PCB TRANSFORMER
PCB Transformer Registration Database
RADINFO____________________
Radiation Information Database
HIST FTTS
FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System Administrative Case Listing
DOT OPS
Incident and Accident Data
CONSENT___________________
Superfund (CERCLA) Consent Decrees
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INDIAN RESERV_____________
Indian Reservations
FUSRAP
Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program
UMTRA
Uranium Mill Tailings Sites
LEAD SMELTERS ------------
Lead Smelter Sites
US AIRS
Aerometric Information Retrieval System Facility Subsystem
US MINES
Mines Master Index File
MINES MRDS----------------
Mineral Resources Data System
ABANDONED MINES
Abandoned Mines
FINDS
Facility Index System/Facility Registry System
UXO-------------------------.
Unexploded Ordnance Sites
ECHO
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
DOCKET HWC
Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket Listing
FUELS PROGRAM -----------
EPA Fuels Program Registered Listing
PFAS NPL--------------------
Superfund Sites with PFAS Detections Information
PFAS FEDERAL SITES______
Federal Sites PFAS Information
PFAS TRIS___________________
List of PFAS Added to the TRI
PFAS TSCA
PFAS Manufacture and Imports Information
PFAS RCRA MANIFEST_____.
PFAS Transfers Identified In the RCRA Database Listing
PFAS ATSDR________________
PFAS Contamination Site Location Listing
PFAS WQP
Ambient Environmental Sampling for PFAS
PFAS NPDES
Clean Water Act Discharge Monitoring Information
PFAS ECHO_________________
Facilities in Industries that May Be Handling PFAS Listing
PFAS ECHO FIRE TRAINING.
Facilities in Industries that May Be Handling PFAS Listing
PFAS PART 139 AIRPORT___
All Certified Part 139 Airports PFAS Information Listing
AQUEOUS FOAM NRC-------
Aqueous Foam Related Incidents Listing
BIOSOLIDS
ICIS-NPDES Biosolids Facility Data
PFAS
PFAS Contamination Site Listing
AIRS_________________________
Air Quality Permit Listing
ASBESTOS
Asbestos Permits & Notifications Information
CCB
Coal Ash Structural Fills (CCB) Listing
COAL ASH-------------------
Coal Ash Disposal Sites
DRYCLEANERS
Drycleaning Sites
Financial Assurance
Financial Assurance Information Listing
NPDES-----------------------
NPDES Facility Location Listing
PCSRP
Petroleum -Contaminated Soil Remediation Permits
SEPT HAULERS
Permitted Septage Haulers Listing
UIC--------------------------.
Underground Injection Wells Listing
AOP
Animal Operation Permits Listing
EDR HIGH RISK HISTORICAL RECORDS
EDR Exclusive Records
EDR MGP EDR Proprietary Manufactured Gas Plants
EDR HistAuto ---------------- EDR Exclusive Historical Auto Stations
EDR Hist Cleaner EDR Exclusive Historical Cleaners
EDR RECOVERED GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES
Exclusive Recovered Govt. Archives
RGA HWS Recovered Government Archive State Hazardous Waste Facilities List
RGA LF______________________ Recovered Government Archive Solid Waste Facilities List
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
RGA LUST_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Recovered Government Archive Leaking Underground Storage Tank
SURROUNDING SITES: SEARCH RESULTS
Surrounding sites were not identified.
Unmappable (orphan) sites are not considered in the foregoing analysis.
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There were no unmapped sites in this report.
TC7496961.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8

OVERVIEW MAP - 7496961.2S
Target Property
Sites at elevations higher than
or equal to the target property
♦
Sites at elevations lower than
the target property
1
Manufactured Gas Plants
National Priority List Sites
Dept. Defense Sites
0 114 1/2 1 Mlles
Indian Reservations BIA Hazardous Substance
Special Flood Hazard Area (1%) Disposal Sites
0.2% Annual Chance Flood Hazard
. National Wetland Inventory
State Wetlands
This report includes Interactive Map Layers to
display and/or hide map information. The
legend includes only those icons for the
default map view.
SITE NAME: Little Cabin Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Wildlands Eng, Inc.
ADDRESS: 4462 BEESON FARM RD
CONTACT: Christine Blackwelder
SOPHIA NC 27350
INQUIRY #: 7496961.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.818245 / 79.877545
DATE: November 14, 2023 2:17 pm
Copyright m 2023 EDR, Inc. (c) 2015 TornTom Rel. 2015.

DETAIL MAP - 7496961.2S
�B Target Property o iia 114 v2 sues
Sites at elevations higher than
or equal to the target property Indian Reservations BIA Hazardous Substance
♦ Sites at elevations lower than Disposal Sites
National Wetland Inventory
the target property
State Wetlands
1 Manufactured Gas Plants
r Sensitive Receptors
1771 National Priority List Sites
Dept. Defense Sites
This report includes Interactive Map Layers to
display and/or hide map information. The
legend includes only those icons for the
default map view.
SITE NAME: Little Cabin Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Wildlands Eng, Inc.
ADDRESS: 4462 BEESON FARM RD
CONTACT: Christine Blackwelder
SOPHIA NC 27350
INQUIRY #: 7496961.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.818245 / 79.877545
DATE: November 14, 2023 2:18 pim
Copyright m 2023 EDR, Inc. (c) 2015 TornTom Rel. 2015.

MAP FINDINGS SUMMARY
Search
Distance Target
Total
Database (Miles) Property
< 1/8
1/8-1/4
1/4-1/2
1/2 - 1
> 1
Plotted
STANDARD ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Lists of Federal NPL (Superfund) sites
NPL 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Proposed NPL 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
NPL LIENS 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Lists of Federal Delisted NPL sites
Delisted NPL 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Lists of Federal sites subject to
CERCLA removals and CERCLA orders
FEDERAL FACILITY 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
SEMS 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Lists of Federal CERCLA sites with NFRAP
SEMS-ARCHIVE 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Lists of Federal RCRA facilities
undergoing Corrective Action
CORRACTS 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Lists of Federal RCRA TSD facilities
RCRA-TSDF 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Lists of Federal RCRA generators
RCRA-LQG 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
RCRA-SQG 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
RCRA-VSQG 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
Federal institutional controls /
engineering controls registries
LUCIS 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
US ENG CONTROLS 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
US INST CONTROLS 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Federal ERNS list
ERNS 0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
Lists of state- and tribal
(Superfund) equivalent sites
NC HSDS 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Lists of state- and tribal
hazardous waste facilities
SHWS 1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
Lists of state and tribal landfills
and solid waste disposal facilities
SWF/LF 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
TC7496961.2s Page 4

Database
MAP FINDINGS SUMMARY
Search
Distance Target Total
(Miles) Property < 1/8 1/8-1/4 1/4-1/2 1/2 - 1 > 1 Plotted
OLI 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
DEBRIS 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
LCID 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Lists of state and tribal leaking storage tanks
LAST 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
LUST 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
INDIAN LUST 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
LUST TRUST 0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
Lists of state and tribal registered storage tanks
FEMA UST 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
UST 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
AST 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
INDIAN UST 0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
State and tribal institutional
control / engineering control registries
INST CONTROL 0.500
Lists of state and tribal voluntary cleanup sites
VCP 0.500
INDIAN VCP 0.500
Lists of state and tribal brownfield sites
BROWNFIELDS 0.500
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Local Brownfield lists
US BROWNFIELDS
0.500
Local Lists of Landfill / Solid
Waste Disposal Sites
S W RCY
0.500
HIST LF
0.500
INDIAN ODI
0.500
DEBRIS REGION 9
0.500
O D I
0.500
IHS OPEN DUMPS
0.500
Local Lists of Hazardous waste /
Contaminated Sites
US HIST CDL
0.001
US CDL
0.001
Local Land Records
LIENS 2
0.001
Records of Emergency Release Reports
HMIRS
0.001
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
TC7496961.2s Page 5

MAP FINDINGS SUMMARY
Search
Distance Target
Total
Database
(Miles) Property
< 1/8
1/8 - 1/4
1/4-1/2
1/2 - 1
> 1
Plotted
SPILLS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
IMD
0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
SPILLS 90
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
SPILLS 80
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
Other Ascertainable Records
RCRA NonGen / NLR
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
FUDS
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
DOD
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
SCRD DRYCLEANERS
0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
US FIN ASSUR
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
EPA WATCH LIST
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
2020 COR ACTION
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
TSCA
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
TRIS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
SSTS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
ROD
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
RMP
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
RAATS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
PRP
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
PADS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
ICIS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
FTTS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
MILTS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
COAL ASH DOE
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
COAL ASH EPA
0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
PCB TRANSFORMER
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
RADINFO
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
HIST FTTS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
DOT OPS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
CONSENT
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
INDIAN RESERV
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
FUSRAP
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
UMTRA
0.500
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
LEAD SMELTERS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
US AIRS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
US MINES
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
MINES MRDS
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
ABANDONED MINES
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
FINDS
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
UXO
1.000
0
0
0
0
NR
0
ECHO
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
DOCKET HWC
0.001
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
FUELS PROGRAM
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS NPL
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS FEDERAL SITES
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS TRIS
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS TSCA
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS RCRA MANIFEST
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS ATSDR
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
PFAS WQP
0.250
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
TC7496961.2s Page 6

MAP FINDINGS SUMMARY
Search
Distance Target
Database
PFAS NPDES
0.250
PFAS ECHO
0.250
PFAS ECHO FIRE TRAININ®.250
PFAS PART 139 AIRPORT
0.250
AQUEOUS FOAM NRC
0.250
BIOSOLIDS
0.001
PFAS
0.250
AIRS
0.001
ASBESTOS
0.001
CCB
0.500
COAL ASH
0.500
DRYCLEANERS
0.250
Financial Assurance
0.001
NPDES
0.001
PCSRP
0.500
SEPT HAULERS
0.001
UIC
0.001
AOP
0.001
EDR HIGH RISK HISTORICAL
RECORDS
EDR Exclusive Records
EDR MGP 1.000
EDR Hist Auto 0.125
EDR Hist Cleaner 0.125
EDR RECOVERED GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES
Exclusive Recovered Govt. Archives
RGA HWS 0.001
RGA LF 0.001
RGA LUST 0.001
- Totals -- 0
NOTES:
TP = Target Property
NR = Not Requested at this Search Distance
Sites may be listed in more than one database
Total
< 1/8
1/8-1/4
1/4-1/2
1/2 - 1
> 1
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
0
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
0
0
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0
NR
NR
NR
NR
0 0 0 0 NR 0
0 NR NR NR NR 0
0 NR NR NR NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 NR
NR
NR
NR 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
TC7496961.2s Page 7

Map ID MAP FINDINGS
Direction
Distance EDR ID Number
Elevation Site Database(s) EPA ID Number
NO SITES FOUND
TC7496961.2s Page 8

Count: 0 records.
ORPHAN SUMMARY
City EDR ID Site Name Site Address Zip Database(s)
NO SITES FOUND
TC7496961.2s Page 9

GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
To maintain currency of the following federal and state databases, EDR contacts the appropriate governmental agency
on a monthly or quarterly basis, as required.
Number of Days to Update: Provides confirmation that EDR is reporting records that have been updated within 90 days
from the date the government agency made the information available to the public.
STANDARD ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Lists of Federal NPL (Superfund) sites
NPL: National Priority List
National Priorities List (Superfund). The NPL is a subset of CERCLIS and identifies over 1,200 sites for priority
cleanup under the Superfund Program. NPL sites may encompass relatively large areas. As such, EDR provides polygon
coverage for over 1,000 NPL site boundaries produced by EPA's Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center
(EPIC) and regional EPA offices.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
NPL Site Boundaries
Source: EPA
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Sources:
EPA's Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center (EPIC)
Telephone:[phone]
EPA Region 1
Telephone [phone]
EPA Region 3
Telephone [phone]
EPA Region 4
Telephone [phone]
EPA Region 5
Telephone [phone]
EPA Region 10
Telephone [phone]
EPA Region 6
Telephone: [phone]
EPA Region 7
Telephone: [phone]
EPA Region 8
Telephone: [phone]
EPA Region 9
Telephone: [phone]
Proposed NPL: Proposed National Priority List Sites
A site that has been proposed for listing on the National Priorities List through the issuance of a proposed rule
in the Federal Register. EPA then accepts public comments on the site, responds to the comments, and places on
the NPL those sites that continue to meet the requirements for listing.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Source: EPA
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
NPL LIENS: Federal Superfund Liens
Federal Superfund Liens. Under the authority granted the USEPA by CERCLA of 1980, the USEPA has the authority
to file liens against real property in order to recover remedial action expenditures or when the property owner
received notification of potential liability. USEPA compiles a listing of filed notices of Superfund Liens.
TC7496961.2s Page GR-1

GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 10/15/1991
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/02/1994
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/30/1994
Number of Days to Update: 56
Lists of Federal Delisted NPL sites
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/15/2011
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 11/28/2011
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
Delisted NPL: National Priority List Deletions
The National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) establishes the criteria that the
EPA uses to delete sites from the NPL. In accordance with 40 CFR 300.425.(e), sites may be deleted from the
NPL where no further response is appropriate.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Source: EPA
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Lists of Federal sites subject to CERCLA removals and CERCLA orders
FEDERAL FACILITY: Federal Facility Site Information listing
A listing of National Priority List (NPL) and Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) sites found in the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) Database where EPA Federal Facilities
Restoration and Reuse Office is involved in cleanup activities.
Date of Government Version: 06/23/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/23/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/26/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
SEMS: Superfund Enterprise Management System
SEMS (Superfund Enterprise Management System) tracks hazardous waste sites, potentially hazardous waste sites,
and remedial activities performed in support of EPA's Superfund Program across the United States. The list was
formerly know as CERCLIS, renamed to SEMS by the EPA in 2015. The list contains data on potentially hazardous
waste sites that have been reported to the USEPA by states, municipalities, private companies and private persons,
pursuant to Section 103 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).
This dataset also contains sites which are either proposed to or on the National Priorities List (NPL) and the
sites which are in the screening and assessment phase for possible inclusion on the NPL.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Lists of Federal CERCLA sites with NFRAP
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/22/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
SEMS-ARCHIVE: Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive
TC7496961.2s Page GR-2

GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
SEMS-ARCHIVE (Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive) tracks sites that have no further interest under
the Federal Superfund Program based on available information. The list was formerly known as the CERCLIS-NFRAP,
renamed to SEMS ARCHIVE by the EPA in 2015. EPA may perform a minimal level of assessment work at a site while
it is archived if site conditions change and/or new information becomes available. Archived sites have been removed
and archived from the inventory of SEMS sites. Archived status indicates that, to the best of EPA's knowledge,
assessment at a site has been completed and that EPA has determined no further steps will be taken to list the
site on the National Priorities List (NPL), unless information indicates this decision was not appropriate or
other considerations require a recommendation for listing at a later time. The decision does not necessarily mean
that there is no hazard associated with a given site; it only means that. based upon available information, the
location is not judged to be potential NPL site.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/22/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Lists of Federal RCRA facilities undergoing Corrective Action
CORRACTS: Corrective Action Report
CORRACTS identifies hazardous waste handlers with RCRA corrective action activity.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Lists of Federal RCRA TSD facilities
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
RCRA-TSDF: RCRA - Treatment, Storage and Disposal
RCRAInfo is EPA's comprehensive information system, providing access to data supporting the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The database
includes selective information on sites which generate, transport, store, treat and/or dispose of hazardous waste
as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Transporters are individuals or entities that
move hazardous waste from the generator offsite to a facility that can recycle, treat, store, or dispose of the
waste. TSDFs treat, store, or dispose of the waste.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Lists of Federal RCRA generators
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
RCRA-LQG: RCRA - Large Quantity Generators
RCRAInfo is EPA's comprehensive information system, providing access to data supporting the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The database
includes selective information on sites which generate, transport, store, treat and/or dispose of hazardous waste
as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Large quantity generators (LQGs) generate
over 1,000 kilograms (kg) of hazardous waste, or over 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste per month.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
RCRA-SQG: RCRA - Small Quantity Generators
RCRAInfo is EPA's comprehensive information system, providing access to data supporting the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The database
includes selective information on sites which generate, transport, store, treat and/or dispose of hazardous waste
as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Small quantity generators (SQGs) generate
between 100 kg and 1,000 kg of hazardous waste per month.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
RCRA-VSQG: RCRA - Very Small Quantity Generators (Formerly Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators)
RCRAInfo is EPA's comprehensive information system, providing access to data supporting the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The database
includes selective information on sites which generate, transport, store, treat and/or dispose of hazardous waste
as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Very small quantity generators (VSQGs) generate
less than 100 kg of hazardous waste, or less than 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste per month.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Federal institutional controls / engineering controls registries
LUCIS: Land Use Control Information System
LUCIS contains records of land use control information pertaining to the former Navy Base Realignment and Closure
properties.
Date of Government Version: 08/03/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/07/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 64
Source: Department of the Navy
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/19/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
US ENG CONTROLS: Engineering Controls Sites List
A listing of sites with engineering controls in place. Engineering controls include various forms of caps, building
foundations, liners, and treatment methods to create pathway elimination for regulated substances to enter environmental
media or effect human health.
Date of Government Version: 08/21/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/21/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/21/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
US INST CONTROLS: Institutional Controls Sites List
A listing of sites with institutional controls in place. Institutional controls include administrative measures,
such as groundwater use restrictions, construction restrictions, property use restrictions, and post remediation
care requirements intended to prevent exposure to contaminants remaining on site. Deed restrictions are generally
required as part of the institutional controls.
Date of Government Version: 08/21/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/21/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/21/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Federal ERNS list
ERNS: Emergency Response Notification System
Emergency Response Notification System. ERNS records and stores information on reported releases of oil and hazardous
substances.
Date of Government Version: 06/12/2023 Source: National Response Center, United States Coast Guard
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/20/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 55 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Lists of state- and tribal (Superfund) equivalent sites
HSDS: Hazardous Substance Disposal Site
Locations of uncontrolled and unregulated hazardous waste sites. The file includes sites on the National Priority
List as well as those on the state priority list.
Date of Government Version: 08/09/2011 Source: North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/08/2011 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/05/2011 Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Number of Days to Update: 27 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
Lists of state- and tribal hazardous waste facilities
SHWS: Inactive Hazardous Sites Inventory
State Hazardous Waste Sites. State hazardous waste site records are the states' equivalent to CERCLIS. These sites
may or may not already be listed on the federal CERCLIS list. Priority sites planned for cleanup using state funds
(state equivalent of Superfund) are identified along with sites where cleanup will be paid for by potentially
responsible parties. Available information varies by state.
Date of Government Version: 05/31/2023 Source: Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/06/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/24/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 79 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Lists of state and tribal landfills and solid waste disposal facilities
SWF/LF: List of Solid Waste Facilities
Solid Waste Facilities/Landfill Sites. SWF/LF type records typically contain an inventory of solid waste disposal
facilities or landfills in a particular state. Depending on the state, these may be active or inactive facilities
or open dumps that failed to meet RCRA Subtitle D Section 4004 criteria for solid waste landfills or disposal
sites.
Date of Government Version: 12/15/2022 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 12/19/2022 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/15/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/22/2023
Number of Days to Update: 86 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
OLI: Old Landfill Inventory
Old landfill inventory location information. (Does not include no further action sites and other agency lead
sites).
Date of Government Version: 03/22/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/04/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 06/21/2023 Last EDR Contact: 10/05/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
DEBRIS: Solid Waste Active Disaster Debris Sites Listing
NCDEQ Division of Waste Management Solid Waste Section Temporary Disaster Debris Staging Site (TDDSS) Locations
which are available to be activated in a disaster or emergency.. Disaster Debris Sites can only be used for temporary
disaster debris storage if the site's responsible party activates the site for use by notifying the NCDEQ DWM
Solid Waste Section staff during an emergency
Date of Government Version: 05/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/31/2023
Number of Days to Update: 83
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/12/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/25/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
LCID: Land -Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID) Landfill Notifications
A list all of the Land -Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID) Landfill Notification facilities (under 2 acres in
size) in North Carolina.
Date of Government Version: 08/09/2022
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2022
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/16/2022
Number of Days to Update: 74
Lists of state and tribal leaking storage tanks
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/06/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
LUST: Regional UST Database
This database contains information obtained from the Regional Offices. It provides a more detailed explanation
of current and historic activity for individual sites, as well as what was previously found in the Incident Management
Database. Sites in this database with Incident Numbers are considered LUSTS.
Date of Government Version: 07/28/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/01/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 70 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
LAST: Leaking Aboveground Storage Tanks
A listing of leaking aboveground storage tank site locations.
Date of Government Version: 07/21/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/01/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/17/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 77 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
INDIAN LUST R1: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
A listing of leaking underground storage tank locations on Indian Land.
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 1
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R4: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTS on Indian land in Florida, Mississippi and North Carolina.
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 4
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
INDIAN LUST R8: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTS on Indian land in Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming.
Date of Government Version: 04/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 8
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R7: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTS on Indian land in Iowa, Kansas, and Nebraska
Date of Government Version: 04/25/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 7
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R9: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTs on Indian land in Arizona, California, New Mexico and Nevada
Date of Government Version: 04/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R5: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
Leaking underground storage tanks located on Indian Land in Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin.
Date of Government Version: 04/14/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA, Region 5
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R6: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTs on Indian land in New Mexico and Oklahoma.
Date of Government Version: 04/26/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 6
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN LUST R10: Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUSTs on Indian land in Alaska, Idaho, Oregon and Washington.
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 10
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
LUST TRUST: State Trust Fund Database
This database contains information about claims against the State Trust Funds for reimbursements for expenses
incurred while remediating Leaking USTs.
Date of Government Version: 06/30/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/30/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/19/2023 Last EDR Contact: 10/05/2023
Number of Days to Update: 81 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Lists of state and tribal registered storage tanks
FEMA UST: Underground Storage Tank Listing
A listing of all FEMA owned underground storage tanks.
Date of Government Version: 03/08/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/30/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: FEMA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/10/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
UST: Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Database
Registered Underground Storage Tanks. UST's are regulated under Subtitle I of the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA) and must be registered with the state department responsible for administering the UST program. Available
information varies by state program.
Date of Government Version: 07/28/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/01/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/16/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 76 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
AST: AST Database
Facilities with aboveground storage tanks that have a capacity greater than 21,000 gallons.
Date of Government Version: 03/10/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/10/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/25/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 76 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/25/2023
Data Release Frequency: Semi -Annually
INDIAN UST R6: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 6 (Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Texas and 65 Tribes).
Date of Government Version: 04/26/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 6
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R5: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 5 (Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin and Tribal Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/14/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 5
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R1: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 1 (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont and ten Tribal
Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA, Region 1
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
INDIAN UST R7: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 7 (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and 9 Tribal Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/25/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 7
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R8: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 8 (Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming and 27 Tribal Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 8
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R9: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 9 (Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, the Pacific Islands, and Tribal Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 9
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R4: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 4 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
and Tribal Nations)
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 4
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN UST R10: Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
The Indian Underground Storage Tank (UST) database provides information about underground storage tanks on Indian
land in EPA Region 10 (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Tribal Nations).
Date of Government Version: 04/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA Region 10
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/11/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
State and tribal institutional control / engineering control registries
INST CONTROL: No Further Action Sites With Land Use Restrictions Monitoring
A land use restricted site is a property where there are limits or requirements on future use of the property
due to varying levels of cleanup possible, practical, or necessary at the site.
Date of Government Version: 03/03/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/06/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/24/2023
Number of Days to Update: 79
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/07/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Lists of state and tribal voluntary cleanup sites
VCP: Responsible Party Voluntary Action Sites
Responsible Party Voluntary Action site locations.
Date of Government Version: 05/31/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/06/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/24/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 79 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
INDIAN VCP R7: Voluntary Cleanup Priority Lisitng
A listing of voluntary cleanup priority sites located on Indian Land located in Region 7.
Date of Government Version: 03/20/2008
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/22/2008
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/19/2008
Number of Days to Update: 27
Source: EPA, Region 7
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 07/08/2021
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 07/20/2009
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN VCP R1: Voluntary Cleanup Priority Listing
A listing of voluntary cleanup priority sites located on Indian Land located in Region 1.
Date of Government Version: 07/27/2015
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 09/29/2015
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/18/2016
Number of Days to Update: 142
Lists of state and tribal brownfield sites
Source: EPA, Region 1
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/12/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
BROWNFIELDS: Brownfields Projects Inventory
A brownfield site is an abandoned, idled, or underused property where the threat of environmental contamination
has hindered its redevelopment. All of the sites in the inventory are working toward a brownfield agreement for
cleanup and liabitliy control.
Date of Government Version: 06/01/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/23/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/13/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Local Brownfield lists
Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/26/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
US BROWNFIELDS: A Listing of Brownfields Sites
Brownfields are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence
or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. Cleaning up and reinvesting in these
properties takes development pressures off of undeveloped, open land, and both improves and protects the environment.
Assessment, Cleanup and Redevelopment Exchange System (ACRES) stores information reported by EPA Brownfields
grant recipients on brownfields properties assessed or cleaned up with grant funding as well as information on
Targeted Brownfields Assessments performed by EPA Regions. A listing of ACRES Brownfield sites is obtained from
Cleanups in My Community. Cleanups in My Community provides information on Brownfields properties for which information
is reported back to EPA, as well as areas served by Brownfields grant programs.
Date of Government Version: 04/06/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/13/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 6
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/30/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/25/2023
Data Release Frequency: Semi -Annually
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Local Lists of Landfill / Solid Waste Disposal Sites
HIST LF: Solid Waste Facility Listing
A listing of solid waste facilities.
Date of Government Version: 11/06/2006 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/13/2007 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/02/2007 Last EDR Contact: 01/19/2009
Number of Days to Update: 17 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
SWRCY: Recycling Center Listing
A listing of recycling center locations.
Date of Government Version: 01/31/2022 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/02/2022 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/29/2022 Last EDR Contact: 10/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 86 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
INDIAN ODI: Report on the Status of Open Dumps on Indian Lands
Location of open dumps on Indian land.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/1998
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 12/03/2007
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/24/2008
Number of Days to Update: 52
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/23/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
DEBRIS REGION 9: Torres Martinez Reservation Illegal Dump Site Locations
A listing of illegal dump sites location on the Torres Martinez Indian Reservation located in eastern Riverside
County and northern Imperial County, California.
Date of Government Version: 01/12/2009 Source: EPA, Region 9
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/07/2009 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/21/2009 Last EDR Contact: 10/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 137 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
ODI: Open Dump Inventory
An open dump is defined as a disposal facility that does not comply with one or more of the Part 257 or Part 258
Subtitle D Criteria.
Date of Government Version: 06/30/1985 Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/09/2004 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/17/2004 Last EDR Contact: 06/09/2004
Number of Days to Update: 39 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
IHS OPEN DUMPS: Open Dumps on Indian Land
A listing of all open dumps located on Indian Land in the United States.
Date of Government Version: 04/01/2014 Source: Department of Health & Human Serivices, Indian Health Service
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/06/2014 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/29/2015 Last EDR Contact: 10/28/2023
Number of Days to Update: 176 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
Local Lists of Hazardous waste / Contaminated Sites
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
US HIST CDL: National Clandestine Laboratory Register
A listing of clandestine drug lab locations that have been removed from the DEAs National Clandestine Laboratory
Register.
Date of Government Version: 08/21/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/21/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78
Source: Drug Enforcement Administration
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/21/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
US CDL: Clandestine Drug Labs
A listing of clandestine drug lab locations. The U.S. Department of Justice ("the Department") provides this
web site as a public service. It contains addresses of some locations where law enforcement agencies reported
they found chemicals or other items that indicated the presence of either clandestine drug laboratories or dumpsites.
In most cases, the source of the entries is not the Department, and the Department has not verified the entry
and does not guarantee its accuracy. Members of the public must verify the accuracy of all entries by, for example,
contacting local law enforcement and local health departments.
Date of Government Version: 08/21/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/21/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78
Local Land Records
Source: Drug Enforcement Administration
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/21/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
LIENS 2: CERCLA Lien Information
A Federal CERCLA ('Superfund') lien can exist by operation of law at any site or property at which EPA has spent
Superfund monies. These monies are spent to investigate and address releases and threatened releases of contamination.
CERCLIS provides information as to the identity of these sites and properties.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Records of Emergency Release Reports
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Semi -Annually
HMIRS: Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System
Hazardous Materials Incident Report System. HMIRS contains hazardous material spill incidents reported to DOT.
Date of Government Version: 06/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/23/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: U.S. Department of Transportation
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
SPILLS: Spills Incident Listing
A listing spills, hazardous material releases, sanitary sewer overflows, wastewater treatment plant bypasses and
upsets, citizen complaints, and any other environmental emergency calls reported to the agency.
Date of Government Version: 03/21/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/11/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/07/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/13/2023
Number of Days to Update: 88 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
IMD: Incident Management Database
Groundwater and/or soil contamination incidents
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 07/28/2023 Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/01/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/17/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 77 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
SPILLS 90: SPILLS90 data from FirstSearch
Spills 90 includes those spill and release records available exclusively from FirstSearch databases. Typically,
they may include chemical, oil and/or hazardous substance spills recorded after 1990. Duplicate records that are
already included in EDR incident and release records are not included in Spills 90.
Date of Government Version: 09/27/2012
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 01/03/2013
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/06/2013
Number of Days to Update: 62
Source: FirstSearch
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 01/03/2013
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
SPILLS 80: SPILLS80 data from FirstSearch
Spills 80 includes those spill and release records available from FirstSearch databases prior to 1990. Typically,
they may include chemical, oil and/or hazardous substance spills recorded before 1990. Duplicate records that
are already included in EDR incident and release records are not included in Spills 80.
Date of Government Version: 06/14/2001
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 01/03/2013
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/06/2013
Number of Days to Update: 62
Other Ascertainable Records
Source: FirstSearch
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 01/03/2013
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
RCRA NonGen / NLR: RCRA - Non Generators / No Longer Regulated
RCRAInfo is EPA's comprehensive information system, providing access to data supporting the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The database
includes selective information on sites which generate, transport, store, treat and/or dispose of hazardous waste
as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Non -Generators do not presently generate hazardous
waste.
Date of Government Version: 07/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/31/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 14
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
FUDS: Formerly Used Defense Sites
The listing includes locations of Formerly Used Defense Sites properties where the US Army Corps of Engineers
is actively working or will take necessary cleanup actions.
Date of Government Version: 08/07/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/15/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 56
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/10/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/26/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
DOD: Department of Defense Sites
This data set consists of federally owned or administered lands, administered by the Department of Defense, that
have any area equal to or greater than 640 acres of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Date of Government Version: 06/07/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/13/2021
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/09/2022
Number of Days to Update: 239
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/09/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/22/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
FEDLAND: Federal and Indian Lands
Federally and Indian administrated lands of the United States. Lands included are administrated by: Army Corps
of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation, National Wild and Scenic River, National Wildlife Refuge, Public Domain Land,
Wilderness, Wilderness Study Area, Wildlife Management Area, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Bureau of Land Management,
Department of Justice, Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service.
Date of Government Version: 04/02/2018
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/11/2018
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/06/2019
Number of Days to Update: 574
Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/04/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: N/A
SCRD DRYCLEANERS: State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Listing
The State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners was established in 1998, with support from the U.S. EPA Office
of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation. It is comprised of representatives of states with established
drycleaner remediation programs. Currently the member states are Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Kansas,
Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin.
Date of Government Version: 07/30/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 7
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/08/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/19/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
US FIN ASSUR: Financial Assurance Information
All owners and operators of facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste are required to provide
proof that they will have sufficient funds to pay for the clean up, closure, and post -closure care of their facilities.
Date of Government Version: 06/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/20/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 55
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
EPA WATCH LIST: EPA WATCH LIST
EPA maintains a "Watch List' to facilitate dialogue between EPA, state and local environmental agencies on enforcement
matters relating to facilities with alleged violations identified as either significant or high priority. Being
on the Watch List does not mean that the facility has actually violated the law only that an investigation by
EPA or a state or local environmental agency has led those organizations to allege that an unproven violation
has in fact occurred. Being on the Watch List does not represent a higher level of concern regarding the alleged
violations that were detected, but instead indicates cases requiring additional dialogue between EPA, state and
local agencies - primarily because of the length of time the alleged violation has gone unaddressed or unresolved.
Date of Government Version: 08/30/2013
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/21/2014
Date Made Active in Reports: 06/17/2014
Number of Days to Update: 88
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/31/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
2020 COR ACTION: 2020 Corrective Action Program List
The EPA has set ambitious goals for the RCRA Corrective Action program by creating the 2020 Corrective Action
Universe. This RCRA cleanup baseline includes facilities expected to need corrective action. The 2020 universe
contains a wide variety of sites. Some properties are heavily contaminated while others were contaminated but
have since been cleaned up. Still others have not been fully investigated yet, and may require little or no remediation.
Inclusion in the 2020 Universe does not necessarily imply failure on the part of a facility to meet its RCRA obligations.
Date of Government Version: 09/30/2017
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/08/2018
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/20/2018
Number of Days to Update: 73
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
TSCA: Toxic Substances Control Act
Toxic Substances Control Act. TSCA identifies manufacturers and importers of chemical substances included on the
TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory list. It includes data on the production volume of these substances by plant
site.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2020
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/14/2022
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/24/2023
Number of Days to Update: 283
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/15/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/25/2023
Data Release Frequency: Every 4 Years
TRIS: Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System
Toxic Release Inventory System. TRIS identifies facilities which release toxic chemicals to the air, water and
land in reportable quantities under SARA Title III Section 313.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/18/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 81
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/13/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/26/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
SSTS: Section 7 Tracking Systems
Section 7 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, as amended (92 Stat. 829) requires all
registered pesticide -producing establishments to submit a report to the Environmental Protection Agency by March
1st each year. Each establishment must report the types and amounts of pesticides, active ingredients and devices
being produced, and those having been produced and sold or distributed in the past year.
Date of Government Version: 07/17/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/18/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 84
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
ROD: Records Of Decision
Record of Decision. ROD documents mandate a permanent remedy at an NPL (Superfund) site containing technical
and health information to aid in the cleanup.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
RMP: Risk Management Plans
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/11/2023
Data Release Frequency: Annually
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
When Congress passed the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, it required EPA to publish regulations and guidance
for chemical accident prevention at facilities using extremely hazardous substances. The Risk Management Program
Rule (RMP Rule) was written to implement Section 112(r) of these amendments. The rule, which built upon existing
industry codes and standards, requires companies of all sizes that use certain flammable and toxic substances
to develop a Risk Management Program, which includes a(n): Hazard assessment that details the potential effects
of an accidental release, an accident history of the last five years, and an evaluation of worst -case and alternative
accidental releases; Prevention program that includes safety precautions and maintenance, monitoring, and employee
training measures; and Emergency response program that spells out emergency health care, employee training measures
and procedures for informing the public and response agencies (e.g the fire department) should an accident occur.
Date of Government Version: 05/09/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/29/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 88
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/26/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
RAATS: RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System
RCRA Administration Action Tracking System. RAATS contains records based on enforcement actions issued under RCRA
pertaining to major violators and includes administrative and civil actions brought by the EPA. For administration
actions after September 30, 1995, data entry in the RAATS database was discontinued. EPA will retain a copy of
the database for historical records. It was necessary to terminate RAATS because a decrease in agency resources
made it impossible to continue to update the information contained in the database.
Date of Government Version: 04/17/1995
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/03/1995
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/07/1995
Number of Days to Update: 35
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 06/02/2008
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 09/01/2008
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
PRP: Potentially Responsible Parties
A listing of verified Potentially Responsible Parties
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
PADS: PCB Activity Database System
PCB Activity Database. PADS Identifies generators, transporters, commercial storers and/or brokers and disposers
of PCB's who are required to notify the EPA of such activities.
Date of Government Version: 03/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/04/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 06/09/2023
Number of Days to Update: 66
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/06/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
ICIS: Integrated Compliance Information System
The Integrated Compliance Information System (ICIS) supports the information needs of the national enforcement
and compliance program as well as the unique needs of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
program.
Date of Government Version: 11/18/2016
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/23/2016
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/10/2017
Number of Days to Update: 79
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/27/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
FTTS: FIFRA/ TSCA Tracking System - FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide Act)/TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act)
FTTS tracks administrative cases and pesticide enforcement actions and compliance activities related to FIFRA,
TSCA and EPCRA (Emergency Planning and Community Right -to -Know Act). To maintain currency, EDR contacts the
Agency on a quarterly basis.
Date of Government Version: 04/09/2009 Source: EPA/Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/16/2009 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/11/2009 Last EDR Contact: 08/18/2017
Number of Days to Update: 25 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2017
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
FTTS INSP: FIFRA/ TSCA Tracking System - FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide Act)/TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act)
A listing of FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System (FTTS) inspections and enforcements.
Date of Government Version: 04/09/2009
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/16/2009
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/11/2009
Number of Days to Update: 25
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/18/2017
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2017
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
MLTS: Material Licensing Tracking System
MLTS is maintained by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and contains a list of approximately 8,100 sites which
possess or use radioactive materials and which are subject to NRC licensing requirements. To maintain currency,
EDR contacts the Agency on a quarterly basis.
Date of Government Version: 07/20/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 09/01/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 19
Source: Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/10/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
COAL ASH DOE: Steam -Electric Plant Operation Data
A listing of power plants that store ash in surface ponds.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/14/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 87
Source: Department of Energy
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/11/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
COAL ASH EPA: Coal Combustion Residues Surface Impoundments List
A listing of coal combustion residues surface impoundments with high hazard potential ratings.
Date of Government Version: 01/12/2017
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/05/2019
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/11/2019
Number of Days to Update: 251
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 08/28/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/11/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PCB TRANSFORMER: PCB Transformer Registration Database
The database of PCB transformer registrations that includes all PCB registration submittals.
Date of Government Version: 09/13/2019
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/06/2019
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/10/2020
Number of Days to Update: 96
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
RADINFO: Radiation Information Database
The Radiation Information Database (RADINFO) contains information about facilities that are regulated by U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations for radiation and radioactivity.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 07/01/2019
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/01/2019
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/23/2019
Number of Days to Update: 84
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/22/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
HIST FTTS: FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System Administrative Case Listing
A complete administrative case listing from the FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System (FTTS) for all ten EPA regions. The
information was obtained from the National Compliance Database (NCDB). NCDB supports the implementation of FIFRA
(Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) and TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act). Some EPA regions
are now closing out records. Because of that, and the fact that some EPA regions are not providing EPA Headquarters
with updated records, it was decided to create a HIST FTTS database. It included records that may not be included
in the newer FTTS database updates. This database is no longer updated.
Date of Government Version: 10/19/2006
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/01/2007
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/10/2007
Number of Days to Update: 40
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 12/17/2007
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 03/17/2008
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
HIST FTTS INSP: FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System Inspection & Enforcement Case Listing
A complete inspection and enforcement case listing from the FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System (FTTS) for all ten EPA
regions. The information was obtained from the National Compliance Database (NCDB). NCDB supports the implementation
of FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) and TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act). Some
EPA regions are now closing out records. Because of that, and the fact that some EPA regions are not providing
EPA Headquarters with updated records, it was decided to create a HIST FTTS database. It included records that
may not be included in the newer FTTS database updates. This database is no longer updated.
Date of Government Version: 10/19/2006
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/01/2007
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/10/2007
Number of Days to Update: 40
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 12/17/2008
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 03/17/2008
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
DOT OPS: Incident and Accident Data
Department of Transporation, Office of Pipeline Safety Incident and Accident data.
Date of Government Version: 01/02/2020 Source: Department of Transporation, Office of Pipeline Safety
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 01/28/2020 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/17/2020 Last EDR Contact: 10/04/2023
Number of Days to Update: 80 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
CONSENT: Superfund (CERCLA) Consent Decrees
Major legal settlements that establish responsibility and standards for cleanup at NPL (Superfund) sites. Released
periodically by United States District Courts after settlement by parties to litigation matters.
Date of Government Version: 06/30/2023 Source: Department of Justice, Consent Decree Library
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/19/2023 Telephone: Varies
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023 Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Number of Days to Update: 83 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
BRS: Biennial Reporting System
The Biennial Reporting System is a national system administered by the EPA that collects data on the generation
and management of hazardous waste. BRS captures detailed data from two groups: Large Quantity Generators (LQG)
and Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/09/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/20/2023
Number of Days to Update: 11
Source: EPA/NTIS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/20/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Biennially
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
INDIAN RESERV: Indian Reservations
This map layer portrays Indian administered lands of the United States that have any area equal to or greater
than 640 acres.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2014
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/14/2015
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/10/2017
Number of Days to Update: 546
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/02/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Semi -Annually
FUSRAP: Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program
DOE established the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) in 1974 to remediate sites where
radioactive contamination remained from Manhattan Project and early U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) operations.
Date of Government Version: 03/03/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 06/09/2023
Number of Days to Update: 98
Source: Department of Energy
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/25/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
UMTRA: Uranium Mill Tailings Sites
Uranium ore was mined by private companies for federal government use in national defense programs. When the mills
shut down, large piles of the sand -like material (mill tailings) remain after uranium has been extracted from
the ore. Levels of human exposure to radioactive materials from the piles are low; however, in some cases tailings
were used as construction materials before the potential health hazards of the tailings were recognized.
Date of Government Version: 08/30/2019
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/15/2019
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/28/2020
Number of Days to Update: 74
LEAD SMELTER 1: Lead Smelter Sites
A listing of former lead smelter site locations.
Date of Government Version: 09/19/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 16
Source: Department of Energy
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/09/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/26/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/01/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
LEAD SMELTER 2: Lead Smelter Sites
A list of several hundred sites in the U.S. where secondary lead smelting was done from 1931and 1964. These sites
may pose a threat to public health through ingestion or inhalation of contaminated soil or dust
Date of Government Version: 04/05/2001
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/27/2010
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/02/2010
Number of Days to Update: 36
Source: American Journal of Public Health
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 12/02/2009
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
US AIRS (AFS): Aerometric Information Retrieval System Facility Subsystem (AFS)
The database is a sub -system of Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS). AFS contains compliance data
on air pollution point sources regulated by the U.S. EPA and/or state and local air regulatory agencies. This
information comes from source reports by various stationary sources of air pollution, such as electric power plants,
steel mills, factories, and universities, and provides information about the air pollutants they produce. Action,
air program, air program pollutant, and general level plant data. It is used to track emissions and compliance
data from industrial plants.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 10/12/2016
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/26/2016
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/03/2017
Number of Days to Update: 100
US AIRS MINOR: Air Facility System Data
A listing of minor source facilities.
Date of Government Version: 10/12/2016
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/26/2016
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/03/2017
Number of Days to Update: 100
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/26/2017
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2018
Data Release Frequency: Annually
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/26/2017
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/08/2018
Data Release Frequency: Annually
MINES VIOLATIONS: MSHA Violation Assessment Data
Mines violation and assessment information. Department of Labor, Mine Safety & Health Administration.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: DOL, Mine Safety & Health Admi
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/04/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/19/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
US MINES: Mines Master Index File
Contains all mine identification numbers issued for mines active or opened since 1971. The data also includes
violation information.
Date of Government Version: 08/01/2023 Source: Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/22/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/07/2023 Last EDR Contact: 08/22/2023
Number of Days to Update: 77 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Semi -Annually
US MINES 2: Ferrous and Nonferrous Metal Mines Database Listing
This map layer includes ferrous (ferrous metal mines are facilities that extract ferrous metals, such as iron
ore or molybdenum) and nonferrous (Nonferrous metal mines are facilities that extract nonferrous metals, such
as gold, silver, copper, zinc, and lead) metal mines in the United States.
Date of Government Version: 01/07/2022
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/24/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/17/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/24/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
US MINES 3: Active Mines & Mineral Plants Database Listing
Active Mines and Mineral Processing Plant operations for commodities monitored by the Minerals Information Team
of the USGS.
Date of Government Version: 04/14/2011
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/08/2011
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/13/2011
Number of Days to Update: 97
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/24/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
ABANDONED MINES: Abandoned Mines
An inventory of land and water impacted by past mining (primarily coal mining) is maintained by OSMRE to provide
information needed to implement the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA). The inventory
contains information on the location, type, and extent of AML impacts, as well as, information on the cost associated
with the reclamation of those problems. The inventory is based upon field surveys by State, Tribal, and OSMRE
program officials. It is dynamic to the extent that it is modified as new problems are identified and existing
problems are reclaimed.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 06/13/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/14/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/14/2023
Number of Days to Update: 61
MINES MRDS: Mineral Resources Data System
Mineral Resources Data System
Date of Government Version: 08/23/2022
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/22/2022
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/28/2023
Number of Days to Update: 98
Source: Department of Interior
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/12/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/24/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
FINDS: Facility Index System/Facility Registry System
Facility Index System. FINDS contains both facility information and 'pointers' to other sources that contain more
detail. EDR includes the following FINDS databases in this report: PCS (Permit Compliance System), AIRS (Aerometric
Information Retrieval System), DOCKET (Enforcement Docket used to manage and track information on civil judicial
enforcement cases for all environmental statutes), FURS (Federal Underground Injection Control), C-DOCKET (Criminal
Docket System used to track criminal enforcement actions for all environmental statutes), FFIS (Federal Facilities
Information System), STATE (State Environmental Laws and Statutes), and PADS (PCB Activity Data System).
Date of Government Version: 05/04/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/25/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 07/24/2023
Number of Days to Update: 60
UXO: Unexploded Ordnance Sites
A listing of unexploded ordnance site locations
Date of Government Version: 11/09/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/20/2022
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/08/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/11/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Source: Department of Defense
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/13/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/22/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
ECHO: Enforcement & Compliance History Information
ECHO provides integrated compliance and enforcement information for about 800,000 regulated facilities nationwide.
Date of Government Version: 06/24/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/29/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 88
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
DOCKET HWC: Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket Listing
A complete list of the Federal Agency Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket Facilities.
Date of Government Version: 05/06/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/21/2021
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/11/2021
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 08/15/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/04/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
FUELS PROGRAM: EPA Fuels Program Registered Listing
This listing includes facilities that are registered under the Part 80 (Code of Federal Regulations) EPA Fuels
Programs. All companies now are required to submit new and updated registrations.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 08/14/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/15/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 65
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 11/10/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/26/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
PFAS NPL: Superfund Sites with PFAS Detections Information
EPA's Office of Land and Emergency Management and EPA Regional Offices maintain data describing what is known
about site investigations, contamination, and remedial actions under the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) where PFAS is present in the environment.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS FEDERAL SITES: Federal Sites PFAS Information
Several federal entities, such as the federal Superfund program, Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, Department of Transportation, and Department of Energy provided information for sites with
known or suspected detections at federal facilities.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS TRIS: List of PFAS Added to the TRI
Section 7321 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (NDAA) immediately added certain
per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to the list of chemicals covered by the Toxics Release Inventory
(TRI) under Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right -to -Know Act (EPCRA) and provided a framework
for additional PFAS to be added to TRI on an annual basis.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS TSCA: PFAS Manufacture and Imports Information
EPA issued the Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) Rule under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and requires
chemical manufacturers and facilities that manufacture or import chemical substances to report data to EPA. EPA
publishes non -confidential business information (non -CBI) and includes descriptive information about each site,
corporate parent, production volume, other manufacturing information, and processing and use information.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS RCRA MANIFEST: PFAS Transfers Identified In the RCRA Database Listing
To work around the lack of PFAS waste codes in the RCRA database, EPA developed the PFAS Transfers dataset by
mining e-Manifest records containing at least one of these common PFAS keywords: PFAS, PFOA, PFOS, PERFL, AFFF,
GENX, GEN-X (plus the VT waste codes). These keywords were searched for in the following text fields: Manifest
handling instructions (MANIFEST_HANDLING_INSTR), Non -hazardous waste description (NON _HAZ_WASTE _DESCRIPTION),
DOT printed information (DOT_PRINTED_INFORMATION), Waste line handling instructions (WASTE_LINE_HANDLING_INSTR),
Waste residue comments (WASTE_RESIDUE_COMMENTS).
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS ATSDR: PFAS Contamination Site Location Listing
PFAS contamination site locations from the Department of Health & Human Services, Center for Disease Control &
Prevention. ATSDR is involved at a number of PFAS-related sites, either directly or through assisting state and
federal partners. As of now, most sites are related to drinking water contamination connected with PFAS production
facilities or fire training areas where aqueous film -forming firefighting foam (AFFF) was regularly used.
Date of Government Version: 06/24/2020
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 03/17/2021
Date Made Active in Reports: 11/08/2022
Number of Days to Update: 601
Source: Department of Health & Human Services
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/23/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS WQP: Ambient Environmental Sampling for PFAS
The Water Quality Portal (WQP) is a part of a modernized repository storing ambient sampling data for all environmental
media and tissue samples. A wide range of federal, state, tribal and local governments, academic and non -governmental
organizations and individuals submit project details and sampling results to this public repository. The information
is commonly used for research and assessments of environmental quality.
Date of Government Version: 09/23/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/10/2023
Number of Days to Update: 7
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS NPDES: Clean Water Act Discharge Monitoring Information
Any discharger of pollutants to waters of the United States from a point source must have a National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. The process for obtaining limits involves the regulated entity
(permittee) disclosing releases in a NPDES permit application and the permitting authority (typically the state
but sometimes EPA) deciding whether to require monitoring or monitoring with limits. Caveats and Limitations:
Less than half of states have required PFAS monitoring for at least one of their permittees and fewer states have
established PFAS effluent limits for permittees. New rulemakings have been initiated that may increase the number
of facilities monitoring for PFAS in the future.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 89
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS ECHO: Facilities in Industries that May Be Handling PFAS Listing
Regulators and the public have expressed interest in knowing which regulated entities may be using PFAS. EPA has
developed a dataset from various sources that show which industries may be handling PFAS. Approximately 120,000
facilities subject to federal environmental programs have operated or currently operate in industry sectors with
processes that may involve handling and/or release of PFAS.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS ECHO FIRE TRAINING: Facilities in Industries that May Be Handling PFAS Listing
A list of fire training sites was added to the Industry Sectors dataset using a keyword search on the permitted
facilitys name to identify sites where fire -fighting foam may have been used in training exercises. Additionally,
you may view an example spreadsheet of the subset of fire training facility data, as well as the keywords used
in selecting or deselecting a facility for the subset. as well as the keywords used in selecting or deselecting
a facility for the subset. These keywords were tested to maximize accuracy in selecting facilities that may use
fire -fighting foam in training exercises, however, due to the lack of a required reporting field in the data systems
for designating fire training sites, this methodology may not identify all fire training sites or may potentially
misidentify them.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PFAS PART 139 AIRPORT: All Certified Part 139 Airports PFAS Information Listing
Since July 1, 2006, all certified part 139 airports are required to have fire -fighting foam onsite that meet military
specifications (MIL-F-24385) (14 CFR 139.317). To date, these military specification fire -fighting foams are
fluorinated and have been historically used for training and extinguishing. The 2018 FAA Reauthorization Act has
a provision stating that no later than October 2021, FAA shall not require the use of fluorinated AFFF. This provision
does not prohibit the use of fluorinated AFFF at Part 139 civilian airports; it only prohibits FAA from mandating
its use. The Federal Aviation Administration?s document AC 150/5210-6D - Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents provides
guidance on Aircraft Fire Extinguishing Agents, which includes Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF).
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/05/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
AQUEOUS FOAM NRC: Aqueous Foam Related Incidents Listing
The National Response Center (NRC) serves as an emergency call center that fields initial reports for pollution
and railroad incidents and forwards that information to appropriate federal/state agencies for response. The spreadsheets
posted to the NRC website contain initial incident data that has not been validated or investigated by a federal/state
response agency. Response center calls from 1990 to the most recent complete calendar year where there was indication
of Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) usage are included in this dataset. NRC calls may reference AFFF usage in
the ?Material Involved? or ?Incident Description? fields.
Date of Government Version: 07/05/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/06/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 81
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PCS: Permit Compliance System
PCS is a computerized management information system that contains data on National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit holding facilities. PCS tracks the permit, compliance, and enforcement status of NPDES
facilities.
Date of Government Version: 07/14/2011
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/05/2011
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/29/2011
Number of Days to Update: 55
PCS ENF: Enforcement data
No description is available for this data
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2014
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 02/05/2015
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/06/2015
Number of Days to Update: 29
Source: EPA, Office of Water
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/28/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/28/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
BIOSOLIDS: ICIS-NPDES Biosolids Facility Data
The data reflects compliance information about facilities in the biosolids program.
Date of Government Version: 07/16/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/18/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/28/2023
Number of Days to Update: 41
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/03/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
PFAS: PFAS Contamination Site Listing
List of PFAS facilities
Date of Government Version: 05/18/2022
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/18/2022
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/08/2022
Number of Days to Update: 82
AIRS: Air Quality Permit Listing
A listing of facilities with air quality permits.
Date of Government Version: 06/02/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/02/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/24/2023
Number of Days to Update: 83
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/26/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 09/07/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
ASBESTOS: Asbestos Permits & Notifications Information
Asbestos notification sites
Date of Government Version: 07/13/2023
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/02/2023
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/19/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78
Source: Department of Health & Human Services
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/26/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/29/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
CCB: Coal Ash Structural Fills (CCB) Listing
These are not permitted Coal Ash landfills A list all of the now closed Coal Ash Structural Fills (CCB) in North
Carolina, in point data form. The purpose is to provide the public and other government entities a visual overview
of coal ash structural fills throughout the state and increase public awareness of their current locations.
Date of Government Version: 05/10/2021
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/02/2021
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/27/2021
Number of Days to Update: 87
Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Telephone: [phone]
Last EDR Contact: 10/06/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
COAL ASH: Coal Ash Disposal Sites
A listing of coal combustion products distribution permits issued by the Division for the treatment, storage,
transportation, use and disposal of coal combustion products.
Date of Government Version: 12/15/2022 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 12/19/2022 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 03/15/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/22/2023
Number of Days to Update: 86 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
DRYCLEANERS: Drycleaning Sites
Potential and known drycleaning sites, active and abandoned, that the Drycleaning Solvent Cleanup Program has
knowledge of and entered into this database.
Date of Government Version: 09/08/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 09/12/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/25/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/12/2023
Number of Days to Update: 13 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/25/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
Financial Assurance 1: Financial Assurance Information Listing
A listing of financial assurance information for underground storage tank facilities. Financial assurance is intended
to ensure that resources are available to pay for the cost of closure, post -closure care, and corrective measures
if the owner or operator of a regulated facility is unable or unwilling to pay.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 07/28/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/01/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/16/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/02/2023
Number of Days to Update: 76 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/12/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
Financial Assurance 2: Financial Assurance Information Listing
Information for solid waste facilities. Financial assurance is intended to ensure that resources are available
to pay for the cost of closure, post -closure care, and corrective measures if the owner or operator of a regulated
facility is unable or unwilling to pay.
Date of Government Version: 10/02/2012 Source: Department of Environmental & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2012 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/26/2012 Last EDR Contact: 09/13/2023
Number of Days to Update: 23 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/01/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
Financial Assurance 3: Financial Assurance Information
Hazardous waste financial assurance information.
Date of Government Version: 09/28/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 09/28/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/02/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/27/2023
Number of Days to Update: 4 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
NPDES: NPDES Facility Location Listing
General information regarding NPDES(National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) permits.
Date of Government Version: 07/06/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/25/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/26/2023 Last EDR Contact: 10/25/2023
Number of Days to Update: 63 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
PCSRP: Petroleum -Contaminated Soil Remediation Permits
To treat petroleum -contaminated soil in order to protect North Carolinaa??s environment and the health of the
citizens of North Carolina.
Date of Government Version: 08/18/2022 Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/03/2022 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/16/2022 Last EDR Contact: 10/06/2023
Number of Days to Update: 74 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
SEPT HAULERS: Permitted Septage Haulers Listing
This list of all active and permitted Septage Land Application Site (SLAS) and Septage Detention and Treatment
Facility (SDTF) sites in North Carolina. The purpose of this map is to provide the public and government entities
a visual overview of the businesses that manage septage and septage facilities throughout the state.
Date of Government Version: 01/17/2023 Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 01/18/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 04/06/2023 Last EDR Contact: 10/06/2023
Number of Days to Update: 78 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Varies
UIC: Underground Injection Wells Listing
A listing of uncerground injection wells locations.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: 02/09/2023 Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/30/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 08/21/2023 Last EDR Contact: 09/01/2023
Number of Days to Update: 83 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/11/2023
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
AOP: Animal Operation Permits Listing
This listing includes animal operations that are required to be permitted by the state.
Date of Government Version: 04/01/2020 Source: Department of Environmental Quality
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 05/26/2020 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/27/2020 Last EDR Contact: 08/23/2023
Number of Days to Update: 1 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Varies
EDR HIGH RISK HISTORICAL RECORDS
EDR Exclusive Records
EDR MGP: EDR Proprietary Manufactured Gas Plants
The EDR Proprietary Manufactured Gas Plant Database includes records of coal gas plants (manufactured gas plants)
compiled by EDR's researchers. Manufactured gas sites were used in the United States from the 1800's to 1950's
to produce a gas that could be distributed and used as fuel. These plants used whale oil, rosin, coal, or a mixture
of coal, oil, and water that also produced a significant amount of waste. Many of the byproducts of the gas production,
such as coal tar (oily waste containing volatile and non-volatile chemicals), sludges, oils and other compounds
are potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. The byproduct from this process was frequently
disposed of directly at the plant site and can remain or spread slowly, serving as a continuous source of soil
and groundwater contamination.
Date of Government Version: N/A Source: EDR, Inc.
Date Data Arrived at EDR: N/A Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: N/A Last EDR Contact: N/A
Number of Days to Update: N/A Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
EDR Hist Auto: EDR Exclusive Historical Auto Stations
EDR has searched selected national collections of business directories and has collected listings of potential
gas station/filling station/service station sites that were available to EDR researchers. EDR's review was limited
to those categories of sources that might, in EDR's opinion, include gas station/filling station/service station
establishments. The categories reviewed included, but were not limited to gas, gas station, gasoline station,
filling station, auto, automobile repair, auto service station, service station, etc. This database falls within
a category of information EDR classifies as "High Risk Historical Records", or HRHR. EDR's HRHR effort presents
unique and sometimes proprietary data about past sites and operations that typically create environmental concerns,
but may not show up in current government records searches.
Date of Government Version: N/A
Date Data Arrived at EDR: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: N/A
Number of Days to Update: N/A
Source: EDR, Inc.
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: N/A
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: Varies
EDR Hist Cleaner: EDR Exclusive Historical Cleaners
EDR has searched selected national collections of business directories and has collected listings of potential
dry cleaner sites that were available to EDR researchers. EDR's review was limited to those categories of sources
that might, in EDR's opinion, include dry cleaning establishments. The categories reviewed included, but were
not limited to dry cleaners, cleaners, laundry, laundromat, cleaning/laundry, wash & dry etc. This database falls
within a category of information EDR classifies as "High Risk Historical Records", or HRHR. EDR's HRHR effort
presents unique and sometimes proprietary data about past sites and operations that typically create environmental
concerns, but may not show up in current government records searches.
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GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
Date of Government Version: N/A Source: EDR, Inc.
Date Data Arrived at EDR: N/A Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: N/A Last EDR Contact: N/A
Number of Days to Update: N/A Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: Varies
EDR RECOVERED GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES
Exclusive Recovered Govt. Archives
RGA HWS: Recovered Government Archive State Hazardous Waste Facilities List
The EDR Recovered Government Archive State Hazardous Waste database provides a list of SHWS incidents derived
from historical databases and includes many records that no longer appear in current government lists. Compiled
from Records formerly available from the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources in North Carolina.
Date of Government Version: N/A Source: Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/01/2013 Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/24/2013 Last EDR Contact: 06/01/2012
Number of Days to Update: 176 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: Varies
RGA LF: Recovered Government Archive Solid Waste Facilities List
The EDR Recovered Government Archive Landfill database provides a list of landfills derived from historical databases
and includes many records that no longer appear in current government lists. Compiled from Records formerly available
from the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources in North Carolina.
Date of Government Version: N/A Source: Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/01/2013 Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/13/2014 Last EDR Contact: 06/01/2012
Number of Days to Update: 196 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: Varies
RGA LUST: Recovered Government Archive Leaking Underground Storage Tank
The EDR Recovered Government Archive Leaking Underground Storage Tank database provides a list of LUST incidents
derived from historical databases and includes many records that no longer appear in current government lists.
Compiled from Records formerly available from the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources in North
Carolina.
Date of Government Version: N/A Source: Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/01/2013 Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: 12/20/2013 Last EDR Contact: 06/01/2012
Number of Days to Update: 172 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: N/A
Data Release Frequency: Varies
OTHER DATABASE(S)
Depending on the geographic area covered by this report, the data provided in these specialty databases may or may not be
complete. For example, the existence of wetlands information data in a specific report does not mean that all wetlands in the
area covered by the report are included. Moreover, the absence of any reported wetlands information does not necessarily
mean that wetlands do not exist in the area covered by the report.
CT MANIFEST: Hazardous Waste Manifest Data
Facility and manifest data. Manifest is a document that lists and tracks hazardous waste from the generator through
transporters to a tsd facility.
Date of Government Version: 08/07/2023 Source: Department of Energy & Environmental Protection
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 08/08/2023 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 10/24/2023 Last EDR Contact: 11/07/2023
Number of Days to Update: 77 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/19/2024
Data Release Frequency: No Update Planned
TC7496961.2s Page GR-28

GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
NJ MANIFEST: Manifest Information
Hazardous waste manifest information.
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2018 Source: Department of Environmental Protection
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 04/10/2019 Telephone: N/A
Date Made Active in Reports: 05/16/2019 Last EDR Contact: 09/28/2023
Number of Days to Update: 36 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/15/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
NY MANIFEST: Facility and Manifest Data
Manifest is a document that lists and tracks hazardous waste from the generator through transporters to a TSD
facility.
Date of Government Version: 01/01/2019 Source: Department of Environmental Conservation
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 10/29/2021 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 01/19/2022 Last EDR Contact: 10/28/2023
Number of Days to Update: 82 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/05/2024
Data Release Frequency: Quarterly
PA MANIFEST: Manifest Information
Hazardous waste manifest information.
Date of Government Version: 06/30/2018 Source: Department of Environmental Protection
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 07/19/2019 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/10/2019 Last EDR Contact: 10/05/2023
Number of Days to Update: 53 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 01/22/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
RI MANIFEST: Manifest information
Hazardous waste manifest information
Date of Government Version: 12/31/2020 Source: Department of Environmental Management
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 11/30/2021 Telephone: [phone]
Date Made Active in Reports: 02/18/2022 Last EDR Contact: 11/09/2022
Number of Days to Update: 80 Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 02/26/2024
Data Release Frequency: Annually
WI MANIFEST: Manifest Information
Hazardous waste manifest information.
Date of Government Version: 05/31/2018
Date Data Arrived at EDR: 06/19/2019
Date Made Active in Reports: 09/03/2019
Number of Days to Update: 76
Source: Department of Natural Resources
Telephone: N/A
Last EDR Contact: 08/30/2023
Next Scheduled EDR Contact: 12/18/2023
Data Release Frequency: Annually
Oil/Gas Pipelines
Source: Endeavor Business Media
Petroleum Bundle (Crude Oil, Refined Products, Petrochemicals, Gas Liquids (LPG/NGL), and Specialty
Gases (Miscellaneous)) N = Natural Gas Bundle (Natural Gas, Gas Liquids (LPG/NGL), and Specialty Gases
(Miscellaneous)). This map includes information copyrighted by Endeavor Business Media. This information
is provided on a best effort basis and Endeavor Business Media does not guarantee its accuracy nor warrant its
fitness for any particular purpose. Such information has been reprinted with the permission of Endeavor Business
Media.
Electric Power Transmission Line Data
Source: Endeavor Business Media
This map includes information copyrighted by Endeavor Business Media. This information is provided on a best
effort basis and Endeavor Business Media does not guarantee its accuracy nor warrant its fitness for any
particular purpose. Such information has been reprinted with the permission of Endeavor Business Media.
Sensitive Receptors: There are individuals deemed sensitive receptors due to their fragile immune systems and special sensitivity
to environmental discharges. These sensitive receptors typically include the elderly, the sick, and children. While the location of all
sensitive receptors cannot be determined, EDR indicates those buildings and facilities - schools, daycares, hospitals, medical centers,
and nursing homes - where individuals who are sensitive receptors are likely to be located.
TC7496961.2s Page GR-29

GOVERNMENT RECORDS SEARCHED /DATA CURRENCY TRACKING
AHA Hospitals:
Source: American Hospital Association, Inc.
Telephone: [phone]
The database includes a listing of hospitals based on the American Hospital Association's annual survey of hospitals.
Medical Centers: Provider of Services Listing
Source: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Telephone: [phone]
A listing of hospitals with Medicare provider number, produced by Centers of Medicare & Medicaid Services,
a federal agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Nursing Homes
Source: National Institutes of Health
Telephone: [phone]
Information on Medicare and Medicaid certified nursing homes in the United States.
Public Schools
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
Telephone: [phone]
The National Center for Education Statistics' primary database on elementary
and secondary public education in the United States. It is a comprehensive, annual, national statistical
database of all public elementary and secondary schools and school districts, which contains data that are
comparable across all states.
Private Schools
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
Telephone: [phone]
The National Center for Education Statistics' primary database on private school locations in the United States.
Daycare Centers: Child Care Facility List
Source: Department of Health & Human Services
Telephone: [phone]
Flood Zone Data: This data was obtained from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). It depicts 100-year and
500-year flood zones as defined by FEMA. It includes the National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) which incorporates Flood
Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) data and Q3 data from FEMA in areas not covered by NFHL.
Source: FEMA
Telephone: [phone]
Date of Government Version: 2003, 2015
NWI: National Wetlands Inventory. This data, available in select counties across the country, was obtained by EDR
in 2002, 2005, 2010 and 2015 from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
State Wetlands Data: Wetland Inventory
Source: US Fish & Wildlife Service
Telephone: [phone]
Current USGS 7.5 Minute Topographic Map
Source: U.S. Geological Survey
STREET AND ADDRESS INFORMATION
© 2015 TomTom North America, Inc. All rights reserved. This material is proprietary and the subject of copyright protection
and other intellectual property rights owned by or licensed to Tele Atlas North America, Inc. The use of this material is subject
to the terms of a license agreement. You will be held liable for any unauthorized copying or disclosure of this material.
TC7496961.2s Page GR-30

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE ADDENDUM
TARGET PROPERTY ADDRESS
LITTLE CABIN MITIGATION SITE
4462 BEESON FARM RD
SOPHIA, NC 27350
TARGET PROPERTY COORDINATES
Latitude (North):
Longitude (West):
Universal Tranverse Mercator:
UTM X (Meters):
UTM Y (Meters):
Elevation:
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
Target Property Map:
Version Date:
East Map:
Version Date:
35.818245 - 35° 49' 5.68"
79.877545 - 79' 52' 39.16"
Zone 17
601400.3
3964170.8
685 ft. above sea level
50021316 GLENOLA, NC
2022
50021542 RANDLEMAN, NC
2022
EDR's GeoCheck Physical Setting Source Addendum is provided to assist the environmental professional in
forming an opinion about the impact of potential contaminant migration.
Assessment of the impact of contaminant migration generally has two principle investigative components:
1. Groundwater flow direction, and
2. Groundwater flow velocity.
Groundwater flow direction may be impacted by surface topography, hydrology, hydrogeology, characteristics
of the soil, and nearby wells. Groundwater flow velocity is generally impacted by the nature of the
geologic strata.
TC7496961.2s Page A-1

GEOCHECK® - PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION INFORMATION
Groundwater flow direction for a particular site is best determined by a qualified environmental professional
using site -specific well data. If such data is not reasonably ascertainable, it may be necessary to rely on other
sources of information, such as surface topographic information, hydrologic information, hydrogeologic data
collected on nearby properties, and regional groundwater flow information (from deep aquifers).
TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Surface topography may be indicative of the direction of surficial groundwater flow. This information can be used to
assist the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or,
should contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted.
TARGET PROPERTY TOPOGRAPHY
General Topographic Gradient: General SSW
SURROUNDING TOPOGRAPHY: ELEVATION PROFILES
� � V
J
_O
W. - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . -
z
North
TIP
V
V
A V W 00
p V N
Target Property Elevation: 685 ft.
TIP
0
V
J p
South
J
J
N Of A N A
1/2
1 Miles
Source: Topography has been determined from the USGS 7.5' Digital Elevation Model and should be evaluated
on a relative (not an absolute) basis. Relative elevation information between sites of close proximity
should be field verified.
TC7496961.2s Page A-2

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION
Surface water can act as a hydrologic barrier to groundwater flow. Such hydrologic information can be used to assist
the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or, should
contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted.
Refer to the Physical Setting Source Map following this summary for hydrologic information (major waterways
and bodies of water).
FEMA FLOOD ZONE
Flood Plain Panel at Target Property
3710773500J
Additional Panels in search area:
3710774400J
3710773400J
NATIONAL WETLAND INVENTORY
NWI Quad at Target Property
GLENOLA
HYDROGEOLOGIC INFORMATION
FEMA Source Type
FEMA FIRM Flood data
FEMA Source Type
FEMA FIRM Flood data
FEMA FIRM Flood data
NWI Electronic
Data Coverage
YES - refer to the Overview Map and Detail Map
Hydrogeologic information obtained by installation of wells on a specific site can often be an indicator
of groundwater flow direction in the immediate area. Such hydrogeologic information can be used to assist the
environmental professional in forming an opinion about the impact of nearby contaminated properties or, should
contamination exist on the target property, what downgradient sites might be impacted.
AQUIFLOWO
Search Radius: 1.000 Mile.
EDR has developed the AQUIFLOW Information System to provide data on the general direction of groundwater
flow at specific points. EDR has reviewed reports submitted by environmental professionals to regulatory
authorities at select sites and has extracted the date of the report, groundwater flow direction as determined
hydrogeologically, and the depth to water table.
LOCATION GENERAL DIRECTION
MAP ID FROM TP GROUNDWATER FLOW
Not Reported
TC7496961.2s Page A-3

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
GROUNDWATER FLOW VELOCITY INFORMATION
Groundwater flow velocity information for a particular site is best determined by a qualified environmental professional
using site specific geologic and soil strata data. If such data are not reasonably ascertainable, it may be necessary
to rely on other sources of information, including geologic age identification, rock stratigraphic unit and soil
characteristics data collected on nearby properties and regional soil information. In general, contaminant plumes
move more quickly through sandy -gravelly types of soils than silty -clayey types of soils.
GEOLOGIC INFORMATION IN GENERAL AREA OF TARGET PROPERTY
Geologic information can be used by the environmental professional in forming an opinion about the relative speed
at which contaminant migration may be occurring.
ROCK STRATIGRAPHIC UNIT GEOLOGIC AGE IDENTIFICATION
Era: Paleozoic Category: Volcanic Rocks
System: Cambrian
Series: Cambrian volcanic rocks
Code: Cv (decoded above as Era, System & Series)
Geologic Age and Rock Stratigraphic Unit Source: P.G. Schruben, R.E. Arndt and W.J. Bawiec, Geology
of the Conterminous U.S. at 1:2,500,000 Scale - a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman
Map, USGS Digital Data Series DDS - 11 (1994).
TC7496961.2s Page A-4

SSURGO SOIL MAP - 7496961.2s
Target Property
SSURGO Soil
Water
0 1116 118 14 Mki
SITE NAME: Little Cabin Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Wildlands Eng, Inc.
ADDRESS: 4462 BEESON FARM RD
CONTACT: Christine Blackwelder
SOPHIA NC 27350
INQUIRY #: 7496961.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.818245 / 79.877545
DATE: November 14, 2023 2:18 pm
Copyright m 2023 EDR, Inc. (c) 2015 TornTom Rel. 2015.

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
DOMINANT SOIL COMPOSITION IN GENERAL AREA OF TARGET PROPERTY
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Soil Conservation Service (SCS) leads the National Cooperative Soil
Survey (NCSS) and is responsible for collecting, storing, maintaining and distributing soil survey information
for privately owned lands in the United States. A soil map in a soil survey is a representation of soil patterns
in a landscape. The following information is based on Soil Conservation Service SSURGO data.
Soil Map ID: 1
Soil Component Name: Mecklenburg
Soil Surface Texture: loam
Hydrologic Group: Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: High
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
7 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Silty
50%), silt.
Soils.
2
7 inches
27 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Silty
50%), silt.
Soils.
3
27 inches
35 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Silty
50%), silt.
Soils.
4
35 inches
59 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Silty
50%), silt.
Soils.
TC7496961.2s Page A-6

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Map ID: 2
Soil Component Name: Chewacla
Soil Surface Texture: loam
Hydrologic Group: Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Hydric Status: Partially hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: High
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min: > 38 inches
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
5 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
COARSE -GRAINED
Max: 141
Max: 6.5
Materials (more
SOILS, Sands,
Min: 14
Min: 3.6
than 35 pct.
Sands with fines,
passing No.
Clayey sand.
200), Clayey
COARSE -GRAINED
Soils.
SOILS, Sands,
Sands with fines,
Silty Sand.
2
5 inches
14 inches
silty clay loam
Silt -Clay
COARSE -GRAINED
Max: 141
Max: 6.5
Materials (more
SOILS, Sands,
Min: 14
Min: 3.6
than 35 pct.
Sands with fines,
passing No.
Clayey sand.
200), Clayey
COARSE -GRAINED
Soils.
SOILS, Sands,
Sands with fines,
Silty Sand.
3
14 inches
22 inches
sandy clay loam
Silt -Clay
COARSE -GRAINED
Max: 141
Max: 6.5
Materials (more
SOILS, Sands,
Min: 14
Min: 3.6
than 35 pct.
Sands with fines,
passing No.
Clayey sand.
200), Clayey
COARSE -GRAINED
Soils.
SOILS, Sands,
Sands with fines,
Silty Sand.
4
22 inches
Winches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
COARSE -GRAINED
Max: 141
Max: 6.5
Materials (more
SOILS, Sands,
Min: 14
Min: 3.6
than 35 pct.
Sands with fines,
passing No.
Clayey sand.
200), Clayey
COARSE -GRAINED
Soils.
SOILS, Sands,
Sands with fines,
Silty Sand.
TC7496961.2s Page A-7

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
5
50 inches
59 inches
loamy fine sand
Silt -Clay
COARSE -GRAINED
Max: 141
Max: 6.5
Materials (more
SOILS, Sands,
Min: 14
Min: 3.6
than 35 pct.
Sands with fines,
passing No.
Clayey sand.
200), Clayey
COARSE -GRAINED
Soils.
SOILS, Sands,
Sands with fines,
Silty Sand.
Soil Map ID: 3
Soil Component Name: Wilkes
Soil Surface Texture: loam
Hydrologic Group: Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class: Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel: Moderate
Depth to Bedrock Min: > 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min: > 0 inches
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
5 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 0.07
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
2
5 inches
11 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 0.07
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
TC7496961.2s Page A-8

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
3
16 inches
44 inches
weathered
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 0.07
Max: Min:
bedrock
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
4
11 inches
16 inches
sandy loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 0.07
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
5
44 inches
59 inches
unweathered
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 0.07
Max: Min:
bedrock
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
Soil Map ID: 4
Soil Component Name:
Mecklenburg
Soil Surface Texture:
clay loam
Hydrologic Group:
Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-9

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
7 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
2
7 inches
29 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
3
29 inches
38 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
4
38 inches
59 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
Soil Map ID: 5
Soil Component Name:
Tarrus
Soil Surface Texture:
silt loam
Hydrologic Group:
Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep,
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse
textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-10

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
5 inches
silt loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
2
5 inches
20 inches
silty clay
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
3
20 inches
44 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
4
44 inches
78 inches
weathered
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
bedrock
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
Soil Map ID: 6
Soil Component Name:
Mecklenburg
Soil Surface Texture:
clay loam
Hydrologic Group:
Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-11

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
7 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
2
7 inches
29 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
3
29 inches
38 inches
clay loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
4
38 inches
59 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 14
Max: 7.3
Materials (more
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 5.6
than 35 pct.
Clays (liquid
passing No.
limit less than
200), Clayey
50%), silt.
Soils.
Soil Map ID: 7
Soil Component Name:
Wynott
Soil Surface Texture:
weathered bedrock
Hydrologic Group:
Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-12

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
27 inches
78 inches
weathered
Not reported
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 4
Max: 6.5
bedrock
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 4.5
Clays (liquid
limit less than
50%), Lean Clay
2
0 inches
3 inches
loam
Not reported
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 4
Max: 6.5
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 4.5
Clays (liquid
limit less than
50%), Lean Clay
3
3 inches
14 inches
loam
Not reported
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 4
Max: 6.5
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 4.5
Clays (liquid
limit less than
50%),Lean Clay
4
14 inches
24 inches
clay
Not reported
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 4
Max: 6.5
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 4.5
Clays (liquid
limit less than
50%), Lean Clay
5
24 inches
27 inches
sandy clay loam
Not reported
FINE-GRAINED
Max: 4
Max: 6.5
SOILS, Silts and
Min: 1.4
Min: 4.5
Clays (liquid
limit less than
50%), Lean Clay
Soil Map ID: 8
Soil Component Name:
Tarrus
Soil Surface Texture:
silt loam
Hydrologic Group:
Class B - Moderate infiltration rates. Deep and moderately deep,
moderately well and well drained soils with moderately coarse
textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-13

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
5 inches
silt loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
2
5 inches
20 inches
silty clay
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
3
20 inches
44 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
4
44 inches
78 inches
weathered
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
bedrock
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Silty
Soils.
Soil Map ID: 9
Soil Component Name:
Wynott
Soil Surface Texture:
loam
Hydrologic Group:
Class C - Slow infiltration rates. Soils with layers impeding downward
movement of water, or soils with moderately fine or fine textures.
Soil Drainage Class:
Well drained
Hydric Status: Not hydric
Corrosion Potential - Uncoated Steel:
High
Depth to Bedrock Min:
> 0 inches
Depth to Watertable Min:
> 0 inches
TC7496961.2s Page A-14

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
Soil Layer Information
Boundary
Classification
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Soil Reaction
Layer
Upper
Lower
Soil Texture Class
AASHTO Group
Unified Soil
micro m/sec
(pH)
1
0 inches
3 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Clayey
Soils.
2
3 inches
14 inches
loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Clayey
Soils.
3
14 inches
24 inches
clay
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Clayey
Soils.
4
24 inches
27 inches
sandy clay loam
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Clayey
Soils.
5
27 inches
78 inches
weathered
Silt -Clay
Not reported
Max: 14
Max: Min:
bedrock
Materials (more
Min: 0
than 35 pct.
passing No.
200), Clayey
Soils.
LOCAL / REGIONAL WATER AGENCY RECORDS
EDR Local/Regional Water Agency records provide water well information to assist the environmental
professional in assessing sources that may impact ground water flow direction, and in forming an
opinion about the impact of contaminant migration on nearby drinking water wells.
WELL SEARCH DISTANCE INFORMATION
DATABASE
Federal USGS
Federal FRDS PWS
State Database
SEARCH DISTANCE (miles)
1.000
Nearest PWS within 1 mile
1.000
TC7496961.2s Page A-15

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE SUMMARY
FEDERAL USGS WELL INFORMATION
LOCATION
MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
No Wells Found
FEDERAL FRDS PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM INFORMATION
LOCATION
MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
1 NCO276616 1/4 - 1/2 Mile ESE
Note: PWS System location is not always the same as well location.
STATE DATABASE WELL INFORMATION
LOCATION
MAP ID WELL ID FROM TP
2 NC4000000012447 1/2 - 1 Mile South
TC7496961.2s Page A-16

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP - 7496961.2s
Norfolk Sou ar Railroad
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NCounty Boundary
N Major Roads
N Contour Lines
OO Earthquake epicenter, Richter 5 or greater
® Water Wells
© Public Water Supply Wells
® Cluster of Multiple Icons
0 114 112 1 Miles
Groundwater Flow Direction E2 Wildlife Areas
c Indeterminate Groundwater Flow at Location Natural Areas
c v Groundwater Flow Varies at Location o Rare & Endangered Species
SITE NAME: Little Cabin Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Wildlands Eng, Inc.
ADDRESS: 4462 BEESON FARM RD
CONTACT: Christine Blackwelder
SOPHIA NC 27350
INQUIRY #: 7496961.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.818245 / 79.877545
DATE: November 14, 2023 2:18 pm
Copyright cg 2023 EDR, Inc. cc, 2015 TomTom Rai. 2015.

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Map ID
Direction
Distance
Elevation
Database EDR ID Number
1
ESE
FRDS PWS NCO276616
1/4 - 1/2 Mile
Higher
Epa region:
04
State:
NC
Pwsid:
NCO276616
Pwsname:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Cityserved:
Not Reported
Stateserved:
NC
Zipserved:
Not Reported
Fipscounty:
37151
Status:
Active
Retpopsrvd:
25
Pwssvcconn:
1
Psource longname:
Groundwater
Pwstype:
TNCWS
Owner:
Private
Contact:
SNYDER, WAYNE
Contactorgname:
SNYDER, WAYNE
Contactphone:
336-498-3571
Contactaddress1:
2878 BECKERDITE RD
Contactaddress2:
Not Reported
Contactcity:
SOPHIA
Contactstate:
NC
Contactzip:
27350
Pwsactivitycode:
A
PWS ID:
NCO276616
PWS type:
System Owner/Responsible Party
PWS name:
WAYNE SNYDER OR MGR
PWS address:
Not Reported
PWS city:
SOPHIA
PWS state:
NC
PWS zip:
27350
PWS ID:
NCO276616
PWS type:
System Owner/Responsible Party
PWS name:
WAYNE SNYDER
PWS address:
Not Reported
PWS city:
SOPHIA
PWS state:
NC
PWS zip:
27350
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
PWS type code:
NC
Retail population served:
25
Contact:
SNYDER, WAYNE
Contact address:
2879 BECKERDITE RD
Contact address:
SOPHIA
Contact city:
NC
Contact state:
27
Contact zip:
Not Reported
Contact telephone:
Not Reported
PWS ID:
NCO276616
Activity status:
Active
Date system activated:
8506
Date system deactivated:
Not Reported
Retail population:
00000100
System name:
SNYDERS FARM BBQ
System address:
Not Reported
System city:
SOPHIA
System state:
NC
System zip:
27350
County FIPS:
076
City served:
SOPHIA
Population served:
Under 101 Persons
Treatment:
Untreated
Latitude:
354900
Longitude:
0795220
Violation id:
1004
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2004
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
22
Violation name:
MCL, Monthly (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
01/01/2004
Cmp edt:
01/31/2004
Violation id:
1105
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2004
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
23
Violation name:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
07/01/2004
TC7496961.2s Page A-18

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Cmp edt: 09/30/2004
Violation id:
2256206
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2005
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
76
Violation name:
PN Violation without NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
11/20/2005
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4281003
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2003
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
76
Violation name:
PN Violation without NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
08/13/2003
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4402404
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2004
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
76
Violation name:
PN Violation without NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
08/10/2004
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4634304
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2004
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
76
Violation name:
PN Violation without NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
02/18/2004
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4634305
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2008
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
23
Violation name:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
07/01/2008
Cmp edt:
09/30/2008
Violation id:
4634307
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2010
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
75
Violation name:
PN Violation for NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
02/11/2010
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4634308
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2011
TC7496961.2s Page A-19

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Contamination code:
3014
Contamination Name:
E. COLI
Violation code:
34
Violation name:
Monitoring, Source Water (GWR)
Rule code:
140
Rule name:
GWR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
03/09/2011
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4634310
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2011
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
25
Violation name:
Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
01/01/2011
Cmp edt:
03/31/2011
Violation id:
4634311
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2012
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
22
Violation name:
MCL, Monthly (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
01/01/2012
Cmp edt:
03/31/2012
Violation id:
4634312
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2012
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
75
Violation name:
PN Violation for NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
06/03/2012
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
4634314
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2012
Contamination code:
7500
Contamination Name:
Public Notice
Violation code:
75
Violation name:
PN Violation for NPDWR Violation
Rule code:
410
Rule name:
PN rule
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
04/15/2012
Cmp edt:
Not Reported
Violation id:
600
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2000
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
25
Violation name:
Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
06/01/2000
Cmp edt:
06/30/2000
Violation id:
701
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2000
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
23
Violation name:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
07/01/2000
Cmp edt:
09/30/2000
Violation id:
802
Orig code:
S
TC7496961.2s Page A-20

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2002
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
23
Violation name:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
04/01/2002
Cmp edt:
06/30/2002
Violation id:
903
Orig code:
S
State:
NC
Violation Year:
2003
Contamination code:
3100
Contamination Name:
Coliform (TCR)
Violation code:
23
Violation name:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Rule code:
110
Rule name:
TCR
Violation measur:
Not Reported
Unit of measure:
Not Reported
State mcl:
Not Reported
Cmp bdt:
04/01/2003
Cmp edt:
06/30/2003
Violation ID:
1004
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/12/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
1004
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/12/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
1004
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
08/31/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
1105
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2005
Enforcement Action:
04/30/2005
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
1105
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2005
Enforcement Action:
11/09/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
1105
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2005
Enforcement Action:
11/09/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
199
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
01 /31 /2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
2256206
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
2256206
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Intentional no -action
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
299
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
01 /31 /2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
300
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
400
Orig Code:
S
TC7496961.2s Page A-21

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
400
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
02/04/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
400
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
02/04/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4281003
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4281003
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Intentional no -action
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4402404
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Intentional no -action
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4402404
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634304
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634304
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
04/17/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Intentional no -action
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634305
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
05/19/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif received
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634305
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2010
Enforcement Action:
09/01 /2010
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634305
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2009
Enforcement Action:
02/10/2009
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634305
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2009
Enforcement Action:
02/10/2009
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634307
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
10/15/2010
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634307
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
05/19/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634307
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
10/15/2010
TC7496961.2s Page A-22

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634308
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
05/09/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634308
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
05/09/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634308
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
05/09/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634310
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/22/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif received
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634310
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
06/03/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634310
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
06/03/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634310
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2012
Enforcement Action:
06/30/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634311
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/22/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif received
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634311
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2012
Enforcement Action:
06/30/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634311
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2012
Enforcement Action:
03/15/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634311
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2012
Enforcement Action:
03/15/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634311
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2012
Enforcement Action:
03/15/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634312
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/09/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
4634312
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634312
Orig Code:
S
TC7496961.2s Page A-23

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634314
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Formal
Violation ID:
4634314
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
4634314
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/09/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
500
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
500
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
03/07/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
500
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
03/07/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
600
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
08/11 /2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
600
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
600
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2000
Enforcement Action:
08/11/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
701
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
701
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2001
Enforcement Action:
11/08/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
701
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2001
Enforcement Action:
11/08/2000
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
802
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
802
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2002
Enforcement Action:
08/02/2002
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
802
Orig Code:
S
TC7496961.2s Page A-24

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Enforcemnt FY:
2002
Enforcement Action:
08/02/2002
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
903
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2003
Enforcement Action:
07/31 /2003
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif requested
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
903
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2004
Enforcement Action:
01/26/2004
Enforcement Detail:
St Compliance achieved
Enforcement Category:
Resolving
Violation ID:
903
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2003
Enforcement Action:
07/31 /2003
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Informal
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/22/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif received
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
06/03/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
11/22/2012
Enforcement Detail:
St AO (w/o penalty) issued
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2011
Enforcement Action:
06/03/2011
Enforcement Detail:
St Formal NOV issued
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
Violation ID:
Not Reported
Orig Code:
S
Enforcemnt FY:
2013
Enforcement Action:
07/22/2013
Enforcement Detail:
St Public Notif received
Enforcement Category:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1004
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Max Contaminant Level, Monthly (TCR)
Compliance start date:
1/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
1/31/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/12/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1004
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Max Contaminant Level, Monthly (TCR)
Compliance start date:
1/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
1/31/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/12/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1004
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Max Contaminant Level, Monthly (TCR)
TC7496961.2s Page A-25

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Compliance start date:
1/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
1/31/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
8/31/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1105
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
11/9/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1105
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
11/9/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
1105
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
4/30/2005 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
2256206
Contaminant:
7500
Violation type:
76
Compliance start date:
11/20/2005 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
12/31/2025 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
No Enf Action as of
Enforcement action:
7/8/2009 0:00:00
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
4281003
Contaminant:
7500
Violation type:
76
Compliance start date:
8/13/2003 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
12/31/2025 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
No Enf Action as of
Enforcement action:
7/8/2009 0:00:00
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
4402404
Contaminant:
7500
Violation type:
76
Compliance start date:
8/10/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
12/31/2025 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
No Enf Action as of
Enforcement action:
7/8/2009 0:00:00
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
4634304
Contaminant:
7500
Violation type:
76
Compliance start date:
2/18/2004 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
12/31/2025 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
No Enf Action as of
Enforcement action:
7/8/2009 0:00:00
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
4634305
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2008 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2008 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
No Enf Action as of
Enforcement action:
7/8/2009 0:00:00
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
600
TC7496961.2s Page A-26

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
6/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/26/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
600
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
6/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
8/11/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
600
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Repeat Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
6/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
8/11/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
701
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/26/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
701
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
11/8/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
701
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
7/1/2000 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
9/30/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
11/8/2000 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
802
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2002 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2002 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/26/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
802
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2002 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2002 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
8/2/2002 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
802
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2002 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2002 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
8/2/2002 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
TC7496961.2s Page A-27

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
903
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2003 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2003 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
1/26/2004 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Compliance Achieved
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
903
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2003 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2003 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
7/31/2003 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Formal NOV Issued
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
PWS name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
Population served:
25
PWS type code:
NC
Violation ID:
903
Contaminant:
COLIFORM (TCR)
Violation type:
Monitoring, Routine Major (TCR)
Compliance start date:
4/1/2003 0:00:00
Compliance end date:
6/30/2003 0:00:00
Enforcement date:
7/31/2003 0:00:00
Enforcement action:
State Public Notif Requested
Violation measurement:
Not Reported
2
South NC WELLS NC4000000012447
1/2 - 1 Mile
Higher
WELLS:
Water System ID:
NCO276616
Water System Name:
SNYDERS FARMS RESTAURANT
WS Activity Status:
Active
WS Federal Type:
Non Community Transient
Primary Source:
Ground Water
Facility ID:
W01
Facility Status:
Active
Facility Name:
WELL #1
Facility Water Type:
Ground Water
Facility Availability:
Permanent
Well Depth:
130
Units:
FT
Owner:
SNYDER, DAVID
TC7496961.2s Page A-28

GEOCHECK®- PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE MAP FINDINGS
RADON
AREA RADON INFORMATION
State Database: NC Radon
Radon Test Results
Num Results Avg pCi/L Min pCi/L Max pCi/L
1 0.60 0.6 0.6
Federal EPA Radon Zone for RANDOLPH County: 3
Note: Zone 1 indoor average level > 4 pCi/L.
Zone 2 indoor average level — 2 pCi/L and — 4 pCi/L.
Zone 3 indoor average level < 2 pCi/L.
Federal Area Radon Information for Zip Code: 27350
Number of sites tested: 1
Area Average Activity % <4 pCi/L
% 4-20 pCi/L
% >90 nCi/I
Living Area - 1 st Floor 1.200 pCi/L 100% 0% 0%
Living Area - 2nd Floor Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported
Basement Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported
TC7496961.2s Page A-29

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED
TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
USGS 7.5' Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Source: United States Geologic Survey
EDR acquired the USGS 7.5' Digital Elevation Model in 2002 and updated it in 2006. The 7.5 minute DEM corresponds
to the USGS 1:24,000- and 1:25,000-scale topographic quadrangle maps. The DEM provides elevation data
with consistent elevation units and projection.
Current USGS 7.5 Minute Topographic Map
Source: U.S. Geological Survey
HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION
Flood Zone Data: This data was obtained from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). It depicts 100-year and
500-year flood zones as defined by FEMA. It includes the National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) which incorporates Flood
Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) data and Q3 data from FEMA in areas not covered by NFHL.
Source: FEMA
Telephone: [phone]
Date of Government Version: 2003, 2015
NWI: National Wetlands Inventory. This data, available in select counties across the country, was obtained by EDR
in 2002, 2005, 2010 and 2015 from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
State Wetlands Data: Wetland Inventory
Source: US Fish & Wildlife Service
Telephone: [phone]
HYDROGEOLOGIC INFORMATION
AQUIFLOWR Information System
Source: EDR proprietary database of groundwater flow information
EDR has developed the AQUIFLOW Information System (AIS) to provide data on the general direction of groundwater
flow at specific points. EDR has reviewed reports submitted to regulatory authorities at select sites and has
extracted the date of the report, hydrogeologically determined groundwater flow direction and depth to water table
information.
GEOLOGIC INFORMATION
Geologic Age and Rock Stratigraphic Unit
Source: P.G. Schruben, R.E. Arndt and W.J. Bawiec, Geology of the Conterminous U.S. at 1:2,500,000 Scale - A digital
representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map, USGS Digital Data Series DDS - 11 (1994).
STATSGO: State Soil Geographic Database
Source: Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) leads the national
Conservation Soil Survey (NCSS) and is responsible for collecting, storing, maintaining and distributing soil
survey information for privately owned lands in the United States. A soil map in a soil survey is a representation
of soil patterns in a landscape. Soil maps for STATSGO are compiled by generalizing more detailed (SSURGO)
soil survey maps.
SSURGO: Soil Survey Geographic Database
Source: Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Telephone: [phone]
SSURGO is the most detailed level of mapping done by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, mapping
scales generally range from 1:12,000 to 1:63,360. Field mapping methods using national standards are used to
construct the soil maps in the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database. SSURGO digitizing duplicates the
original soil survey maps. This level of mapping is designed for use by landowners, townships and county
natural resource planning and management.
TC7496961.2s Page PSGR-1

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED
LOCAL / REGIONAL WATER AGENCY RECORDS
FEDERAL WATER WELLS
PWS: Public Water Systems
Source: EPA/Office of Drinking Water
Telephone: [phone]
Public Water System data from the Federal Reporting Data System. A PWS is any water system which provides water to at
least 25 people for at least 60 days annually. PWSs provide water from wells, rivers and other sources.
PWS ENF: Public Water Systems Violation and Enforcement Data
Source: EPA/Office of Drinking Water
Telephone: [phone]
Violation and Enforcement data for Public Water Systems from the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) after
August 1995. Prior to August 1995, the data came from the Federal Reporting Data System (FRDS).
USGS Water Wells: USGS National Water Inventory System (NWIS)
This database contains descriptive information on sites where the USGS collects or has collected data on surface
water and/or groundwater. The groundwater data includes information on wells, springs, and other sources of groundwater.
STATE RECORDS
North Carolina Public Water Supply Wells
Source: Department of Environmental Health
Telephone: [phone]
OTHER STATE DATABASE INFORMATION
North Carolina Wildlife Resources/Game Lands
Source: Center for Geographic Information and Analysis
Telephone: [phone]
All publicly owned game lands managed by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and as listed in Hunting
and Fishing Maps.
NC Natural Heritage Sites: Natural Heritage Element Occurrence Sites
Source: Natural Heritage Occurrence Sites Center for Geographic Information and Analysis
Telephone: [phone]
A point coverage identifying locations of rare and endangered species, occurrences of exemplary or unique natural
ecosystems (terrestrial or aquatic), and special animal habitats (e.g., colonial waterbird nesting sites).
NC Natural Areas: Significant Natural Heritage Areas
Source: Center for Geographic Information and Analysis
Telephone: [phone]
A polygon converage identifying sites (terrestrial or aquatic) that have particular biodiversity significance.
A site's significance may be due to the presenceof rare species, rare or high quality natural communities, or
other important ecological features.
RADON
State Database: NC Radon
Source: Department of Environment & Natural Resources
Telephone: [phone]
Radon Statistical and Non Statiscal Data
Area Radon Information
Source: USGS
Telephone: [phone]
The National Radon Database has been developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) and is a compilation of the EPA/State Residential Radon Survey and the National Residential Radon Survey.
The study covers the years 1986 - 1992. Where necessary data has been supplemented by information collected at
private sources such as universities and research institutions.
TC7496961.2s Page PSGR-2

PHYSICAL SETTING SOURCE RECORDS SEARCHED
EPA Radon Zones
Source: EPA
Telephone: [phone]
Sections 307 & 309 of IRAA directed EPA to list and identify areas of U.S. with the potential for elevated indoor
radon levels.
OTHER
Airport Landing Facilities: Private and public use landing facilities
Source: Federal Aviation Administration, 800-457-6656
Epicenters: World earthquake epicenters, Richter 5 or greater
Source: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Earthquake Fault Lines: The fault lines displayed on EDR's Topographic map are digitized quaternary faultlines, prepared
in 1975 by the United State Geological Survey
STREET AND ADDRESS INFORMATION
© 2015 TomTom North America, Inc. All rights reserved. This material is proprietary and the subject of copyright protection
and other intellectual property rights owned by or licensed to Tele Atlas North America, Inc. The use of this material is subject
to the terms of a license agreement. You will be held liable for any unauthorized copying or disclosure of this material.
TC7496961.2s Page PSGR-3

Appendix D
Existing Geomorphic Data

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
1- Acadia Reach 1
+ Riffle
105
104
103
102
101
100
99
0 98
m
97
(U 96
95
94
93
92
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull— FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
5.3
x-section area (ft.sq.)
8.9
width (ft)
0.6
mean depth (ft)
0.8
max depth (ft)
9.4
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.6
hydraulic radius (ft)
14.9
width -depth ratio
14.5
W flood prone area (ft)
1.6
entrenchment ratio
4.3 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
2 - Acadia Reach 2
+ Riffle
102
101
100
99
c
0 98
v
w 97
96
95
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull— FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
2.7
x-section area (ft.sq.)
3.5
width (ft)
0.8
mean depth (ft)
1.0
max depth (ft)
4.5
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.6
hydraulic radius (ft)
4.4
width -depth ratio
5.1
W flood prone area (ft)
1.5
entrenchment ratio
4.1 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
3 - Core
+ Riffle
101
100
99
98
x
c 97
0
96
v
w
95
94
93
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull— FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
1.3
x-section area (ft.sq.)
1.9
width (ft)
0.7
mean depth (ft)
0.8
max depth (ft)
2.9
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.4
hydraulic radius (ft)
2.7
width -depth ratio
2.1
W flood prone area (ft)
1.1
entrenchment ratio
3.9 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
4 - Dome Reach 1
+ Riffle
101
100
99
98
97
96
0
' I
95
°—, 94
93
92
91
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull— FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
3.2
x-section area (ft.sq.)
10.4
width (ft)
0.3
mean depth (ft)
0.5
max depth (ft)
10.7
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.3
hydraulic radius (ft)
33.1
width -depth ratio
12.5
W flood prone area (ft)
1.2
entrenchment ratio
6.2 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
5 - Dome Reach 2
+ Riffle
103
102
101
100
99
x
c 98
0
97
°—, 96
95
94
93
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull—FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
1.8
x-section area (ft.sq.)
3.6
width (ft)
0.5
mean depth (ft)
0.6
max depth (ft)
4.3
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.4
hydraulic radius (ft)
7.2
width -depth ratio
4.5
W flood prone area (ft)
1.3
entrenchment ratio
9.4 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
6 - Kodiak Reach 2
+ Riffle
101
100
99
98
x
c 97
0
96
v
w
95
94
93
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull—FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
2.1
x-section area (ft.sq.)
3.1
width (ft)
0.7
mean depth (ft)
0.9
max depth (ft)
4.0
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.5
hydraulic radius (ft)
4.4
width -depth ratio
12.2
W flood prone area (ft)
4.0
entrenchment ratio
1.0 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
7 -Little Cabin Reach 2
+ Riffle
101
100
99
98
97
96
c 95
°
94
93
a�
w
92
91
90
89
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 -Bankfull-FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
10.3
x-section area (ft.sq.)
16.1
width (ft)
0.6
mean depth (ft)
1.5
max depth (ft)
17.1
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.6
hydraulic radius (ft)
25.0
width -depth ratio
18.7
W flood prone area (ft)
1.2
entrenchment ratio
2.5 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
8 -Little Cabin Reach 3
+ Riffle
101
100
99
98
c
° 97
v
w
96
95
94
-5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull—FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
9.4
x-section area (ft.sq.)
13.3
width (ft)
0.7
mean depth (ft)
1.1
max depth (ft)
13.9
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.7
hydraulic radius (ft)
18.9
width -depth ratio
15.1
W flood prone area (ft)
1.1
entrenchment ratio
1.9 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
9 -Little Cabin Reach 4
+ Riffle
103
102
101
100
c
0 99
v
w 98
97
96
-5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 —Bankfull—FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
17.5
x-section area (ft.sq.)
10.5
width (ft)
1.7
mean depth (ft)
2.9
max depth (ft)
12.9
wetted perimeter (ft)
1.4
hydraulic radius (ft)
6.3
width -depth ratio
59.6
W flood prone area (ft)
5.7
entrenchment ratio
1.0 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Cross -Section Plots
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
USACE SAW-2023-02304
Existing Conditions - 2023
10 -Yurt
+ Riffle
101
100
99
x
c 98
M0
a� 97
w
96
95
-5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Width (ft)
tExistingConditions 2023 -Bankfull-FloodproneArea
Bankfull Dimensions
12.7
x-section area (ft.sq.)
20.2
width (ft)
0.6
mean depth (ft)
1.8
max depth (ft)
21.2
wetted perimeter (ft)
0.6
hydraulic radius (ft)
32.0
width -depth ratio
42.9
W flood prone area (ft)
2.1
entrenchment ratio
1.9 low bank height ratio
Survey Date: 07/12/23
Field Crew: Wildlands Engineering
View Downstream

Appendix E
Historic Aerial Photography

MOP",
NA
IAW
lb
� Kil
MOP

f
1 r

• :r
ml-_
ti
r
�
r.
40

A+'4�►
st
�• 40
r� ►
oil
WOW
fk
AK
qw
_ , � a �'• � �'i' it
y�yy/ Y. y • f lam' 1i {l _ M~ •
Ilk
aNj v
ift-
IL
rS}S.
doll
INQUIRY M 7496961.8 'i Aw A 4.
YEAR: 2009
= 500' (rEDR
r� L •�
+ ~ 1►

monw- A �
-saw
ILL j
t

■ w r
'L� I
INQUIRY k 7496961.8
YEAR: 1999 jJ
= 500' FOR

INQUIRY#: 7496961.8
YEAR: 1993 1. N
= 500' (rEDR

/ It
t3v)
k

,y_
I
-�.
}i*il
- �
• y
-
1.
I
1
t L
-
I I
, .M : . .
n
ENQUIRY k 7496961.8
�lJr
YEAR: 1981
= 500'
EDR
i

4k:
-
140), Pw - -1
40
!Lie
f fa
kp
&L.
I
INQUIRY 7496961.8
1. N
YEAR: 1973
(FE500 DR

1.
4.
S Lr ••
IV�

YEAR: 1969
= 500' rEDR
-T
�j qrFv. N
� r
T'
J
ii
t +
1
r r
r
1
r
r
4—.— ;Ji
ol

.10
TO/5'.
INQUIRY k 7496961.8
YEAR: 1964 N
. = 500' (rEDR kw

it p
NQUIRY k 7496961.8
YEAR: 1950
500' (rEDR

IMF I
pi
-. J.Q .� J•_�jF :f'F''�_ ��yA IRA` r �• • 1� �y}S n.I'I' • _
t � 9
Y
#NQUIRY k 7496961.8 /�
�j Jr }
YEAR: 1948
= 500' EDR

Appendix F
NCDWR Stream Classification Forms, NCSAM Forms, NCWAM Forms

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.821085
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Acadia Reach 1
Longitude: -79.877957
Total Points: 27
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
12)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
M 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
0 No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 9.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
0 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
0 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
1-1No= 0
0 Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 5.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
M 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; 0 Other = 0
Notes:
Recent rain events occurred

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.819664
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Acadia Reach 2
Longitude: -79.877328
Total Points: 35
Stream Determination: Perennial >=30
County: Rand ol h
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
17.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
10 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
20.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 9.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
101
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
M 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
1-1No= 0
❑✓ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 8)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
1Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.814387
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Bushnell ML
Longitude: -79.874745
Total Points: 24
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
14.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
Z 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
Z 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 3.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
100
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
101
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑p No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
❑✓ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
❑✓ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
1Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.813862
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Columbia ML
Longitude: -79.876171
Total Points: 23
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
12.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
1Z 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
M 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
Z 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 4.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
100
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
❑ 1
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑✓ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑✓ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑p No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
❑✓ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
❑✓ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
1Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.818578
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Core
Longitude: -79.877416
Total Points: 21
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
10)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
1Z 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
M 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
1Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 4.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
100
❑ 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
0 1.5
❑ 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑p No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
1-10
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑p 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.81924
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Dome R1
Longitude: -79.879135
Total Points: 22.5
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
15)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
M 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑ 1
02
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
0 No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 3.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
100
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
0 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
0 No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 4)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
M 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; 0 Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.818847
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Dome R2
Longitude: -79.878533
Total Points: 30.5
Stream Determination: Perennial >=30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
20)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
110.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
0 No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
0 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
01
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
0 No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 5.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; 0 Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.819215
Evaluator: S. Law
Trib/Reach: Kodiak Reach 1
Longitude: -79.880685
Total Points: 29
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
11.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑r 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑✓ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 10)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
0 1.5
❑ 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
100.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
1-1No= 0
❑✓ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 7.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
❑ 2
❑✓ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
1-10
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑✓ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑p 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑✓ OBL = 1.5; ❑ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.817955
Evaluator: S. Law
Trib/Reach: Kodiak Reach 2
Longitude: -79.881049
Total Points: 32
Stream Determination: Perennial >=30
County: Rand ol h
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
13.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
10 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑✓ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 10)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
0 1.5
❑ 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
100.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
1-1No= 0
❑✓ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 8.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
❑✓ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
1-10
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑✓ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑✓ OBL = 1.5; ❑ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.82123
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Little Cabin Creek
Longitude: -79.874467
Total Points: 41
Stream Determination: Perennial >=30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
24)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
110.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑ No - 0
0 Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 8)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
0 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
0 1.5
❑ 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
01
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
0 No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 9)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; 0 Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.81898
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Ozark
Longitude: -79.876522
Total Points: 25
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
12)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
1Z 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
1Z 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑p No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 5.5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
101
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑✓ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑p No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 7.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
100
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑p 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑ 0
1Z 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.815058
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Yurt
Longitude: -79.874789
Total Points: 41
Stream Determination: Perennial >=30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
26)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
10 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
110.5
❑ 1
Z 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
❑ No - 0
❑✓ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 7)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑✓ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
❑ 0
❑✓ 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
101
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑✓ 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑p No = 0
❑ Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 8)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑p 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
❑p 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑✓ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
❑p 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 18, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.814322
Evaluator: ML
Trib/Reach: Coleman
Longitude: -79.880569
Total Points: 22.5
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
10)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
103
6. Depositional bars or
benches
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 8)
12. Presence of Baseflow
❑ 0
❑ 1
0 2
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
0 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
0 1.5
❑ 1
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
0 1.5
debris
16. Organic debris lines or
❑✓ 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑ No = 0
0 Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 4.5)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
❑ 3
212
❑ 1
1-10
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
❑ 3
0 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
90
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
100
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
❑ 0
100.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; 0 Other = 0
Notes:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: July 12, 2023
Project/Site:
Little Cabin
Latitude: 35.819141
Evaluator: Madison LaSala
Trib/Reach: Tahoe
Longitude: -79.876648
Total Points: 20.5
Stream Determination: Intermittent 19 to <30
County: Randolph
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal =
10.5)
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1. Continuity of channel bed
and bank
❑ 0
211
❑ 2
❑ 3
2. Sinuosity of channel along
thalwe
❑ 0
❑ 1
102
❑ 3
3. In -channel structure
❑ 0
0 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
4. Particle size of stream
substrate
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
5. Active/relict floodplain
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑✓ 2
❑ 3
6. Depositional bars or
benches
00
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
00
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
8. Headcuts
❑ 0
✓❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
9. Grade control
❑ 0
❑✓ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
10. Natural valley
❑ 0
❑ 0.5
0 1
❑ 1.5
11. Second or greater order
channel
No - 0
❑ Yes - 3
B. Hvdroloav (Subtotal = 5)
12. Presence of Baseflow
0 0
❑ 1
1-12
❑ 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
0 0
❑ 1
1-12
❑ 3
14. Leaf litter
❑ 1.5
211
❑ 0.5
❑ 0
15. Sediment on plants or
❑ 0
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
debris
❑✓ 0.5
16. Organic debris lines or
❑ 0
0 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
piles
17. Soil -based evidence of
❑ No = 0
0 Yes = 3
high water table?
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6)
18. Fibrous roots in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
19. Rooted upland plants in
streambed
0 3
❑ 2
❑ 1
❑ 0
20. Macrobenthos (note
diversity and abundance
D 0
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
100
❑ 1
❑ 2
❑ 3
22. Fish
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
23. Crayfish
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
24. Amphibians
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
25. Algae
0 0
❑ 0.5
❑ 1
❑ 1.5
26. Wetland plants in
streambed
❑ FACW = 0.75; ❑ OBL = 1.5; ❑✓ Other = 0
Notes:

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Acadia R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 150'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 1U-15' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): T-8' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
®A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
❑B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
®C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
®A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
®D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
®C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ®Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
®B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
❑A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
®B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
LOW
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Acadia R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 300'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 3'-8' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): T-5' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
®A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
®C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
®D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ®Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ®B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ®D ®D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pal
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(3) Substrate
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
MEDIUM
(2) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
(3) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Bushnell 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 5'-10' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5'-10' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ®Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ®Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ®Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
®A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
®A ®A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Coleman 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 2' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): V-2' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes ®No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ®No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes ®No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
®B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
❑E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
®C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ®B Low stem density
®C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Columbia R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 2'-5' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2'-5' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes ®No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ®No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes ®No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
❑E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
®F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
®A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ®B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
❑A ❑A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
®B ®B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Columbia R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 200'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 3'-5' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2'-5' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ®Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
®A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
®A ®A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Core 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 50'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 5'-10' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): T-6' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes ®No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ®No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes ®No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
❑E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
®F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ®D ®D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ®No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Dome R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 200'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 6'-8' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5'-8' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
®C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
®A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ®Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
®C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
❑A ❑A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
®E ®E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
®C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
LOW
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Dome R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 200'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 6'-12' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5'-10' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ®Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
❑A ❑A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ®C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
®E ®E ❑E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ®D ®D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pal
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
MEDIUM
(3) Substrate
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Kodiak R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 3'-5' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2'4 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ®Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
®A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
®A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
®C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization
EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
LOW
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Kodiak R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 5'-8' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): T-T 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ®Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C ®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pal
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Little Cabin R1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 400'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 3'-8' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5'-20' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ❑Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ®Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
®C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
®C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ®Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ®B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ®D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ®C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pa2
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Little Cabin R2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 300'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 6'-12' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5'-15' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ❑Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ®Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? ®Yes ❑No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
®C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ®No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
®A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ®Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C ®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
®D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
❑F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ®C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch:
Representative NCSAM field form for Little Cabin Creek reaches that have the same drainage area, landuse, stream buffer and design approach
(R2 and R3).

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pa2
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) YES
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) YES
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Little Cabin R4 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 400'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 5'-10' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 1U-15' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ❑Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ®Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
®B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
®C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
®D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
®C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ❑No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
® ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ®Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ®Other fish
❑ ®Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C ®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 FIB 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pa3
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport
HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Ozark 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 2'-5' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2'-5' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
❑F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
®J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes ®No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ®No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes ®No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
❑E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
®F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
®A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ®B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization
EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Microtopography
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
NO
NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
LOW
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
MEDIUM
MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Tahoe 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 100,
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 2'-5' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 2'-5' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ❑Perennial flow ®Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
❑F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
®J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes ®No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ®No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes ®No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
❑A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
❑D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
❑E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
®F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
®A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
®B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ®B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22:
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ®A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version
2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site Date of Assessment
11/7/23
Stream Category Pal Assessor Name/Organization
EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Intermittent
USACE/
NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All
Streams
Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Microtopography
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(1) Water Quality
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors
NO
NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance OMITTED
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
NA
Overall
HIGH
HIGH

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies user manual version z.-i
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Little Cabin Mitigation Site 2. Date of evaluation: 11/7/23
3. Applicant/owner name: Wildlands Engineering 4. Assessor name/organization: EW/BR
5. County: Randolph 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Caraway Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach):
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): Yurt 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 300'
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 5'-10' ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): T-10' 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ❑No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow El Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ® Piedmont (P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ®A ���
valley shape (skip for ❑B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mil) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 miz) ❑Size 4 (>- 5 miz)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ❑Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? []Yes ®No
1. Channel Water- assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
❑A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
®C > 25% of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
®B ®B
Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C
Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
OF Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
®A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses N ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) m ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y ❑I Sand bottom
®C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r Co ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
®D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11 a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
®B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach —whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ® ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ®No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ®Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ®Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®B ®B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ❑Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
®N ®N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
®A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ®A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure —
streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
®A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity — assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ❑Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑ B 46 to < 67 ❑ C 67 to < 79 ❑ D 79 to < 230 ❑ E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Stream Category Pal
Date of Assessment 11/7/23
Assessor Name/Organization EW/BR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N) NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access
MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography
MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability
MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
OMITTED
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland A
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.820347.-79.874628
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
®A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
®B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
®B ®B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
El ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland A Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function
Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality
Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland B
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.819914.-79.874816
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
®A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
®B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
®C ®C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland B Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function
Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality
Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland C
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.817239.-79.876398
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
®B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
®E ®E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
®H
®H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
❑I
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
❑J
❑J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
®A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
El
El
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
®E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland C Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland D
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.816762.-79.876634
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
®D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
®G ®G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
®A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ®B ®B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland D Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
HIGH
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland E
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.817585,-79.877379
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
®D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
®G ®G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
®E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
®B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
®B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland E
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland F
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.816443.-79.877668
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
01
®I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
01
❑J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
®A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
El
El
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
®E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland F Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland G
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.816228.-79.879236
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
®A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
®C ®C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
®E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland G Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland H
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814445,-79.874982
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
®D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
®A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
®B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland H
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
MEDIUM
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland I
Wetland Type
Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814497,-79.876935
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
®G ®G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
®A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
®B ®B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
El ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
®A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland I Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Wetland Type Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Soluble Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Physical Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Habitat
Condition
MEDIUM
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland J
Wetland Type
Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814649,-79.877546
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
®G ®G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
®A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
®B ®B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
El ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
®A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland J
Wetland Type Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Soluble Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Physical Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Habitat
Condition
MEDIUM
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland K
Wetland Type
Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814795,-79.877707
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
®C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
®B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
®A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
®B ®B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
El ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ®B ®B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
®A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland K
Wetland Type Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Soluble Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Physical Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
MEDIUM
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland L
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.815434.-79.879883
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ®B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
®B ®B ®B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
®A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
®C ®C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
01
®I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
01
❑J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
®F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland L Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland M
Wetland Type
Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814591,-79.880460
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ®B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C El Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
❑Yes ®No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
❑<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
❑Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
®F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes ®No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
®A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
El ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ❑C ❑C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ®C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland M
Wetland Type Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
NO
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
NA
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
NA
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Particulate Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Physical Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland N
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Engineering
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
❑ Yes ® No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-deqrees)
35.814878,-79.880848
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
®E ®E ®E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
®D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
OF OF From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
El
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
®J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
❑K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
®F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland N
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Sydni Law - Wildlands
Assessor Name/Organization Engineering
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) "'^
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
Sub -function Ratina Summa
NO
YES
NO
NO
Function Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat
Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Rating Summary
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland O
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.819559.-79.880566
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ®B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
®A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
®C ®C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
01
®I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
01
❑J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
®F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland O Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland P
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.818613.-79.880941
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ®B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
®A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ®No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
®C ®C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
01
®I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
01
❑J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
®D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑ B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland P Date of Assessment
07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Rating Summary
Function Sub -function Metrics
Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition
LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Veqetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user rvianuai version a.0
USACE AID #
SAW-2023-02304
NCDWR#
Project Name
Little Cabin Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
07/18/2023
Applicant/Owner Name
Wildlands Engineering (Applicant)
Wetland Site Name
Wetland Q
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
S. Law - Wildlands
Level III Ecoregion
Piedmont
Nearest Named Water Body
Caraway Creek
River Basin
Yadkin-PeeDee
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03040103
County
Randolph
NCDWR Region
Winston-Salem
I-1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Longitude (deci-dearees)
35.817451.-79.881247
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations -Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ®A Not severely altered
®B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration - assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <- 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief - assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ®D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure - assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland - opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use - opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
®D ®D ®D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer- assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
®B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<- 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered - adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed - adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area - wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
®E ®E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT
WC
FW (if applicable)
❑A
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
❑D
From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
❑E
From 10 to < 25 acres
OF
❑F
❑F
From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G
❑G
❑G
From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H
❑H
❑H
From 0.5 to < 1 acre
❑I
❑I
❑I
From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
®J
®J
❑J
From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K
❑K
®K
< 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
®D
From 10 to < 50 acres
®E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes [:]No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
®B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
T
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
cc ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
S
o ❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
Cn
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C ®C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
1E ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
Cn ®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
-a ®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
®C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland Q Date of Assessment 07/18/2023
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization S. Law - Wildlands
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N)
YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N)
NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N)
NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function
Sub -function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Surface Storage and Retention
Condition
LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality
Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition MEDIUM
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM