20231153 Ver 2_Shulls Mill Dam Removal PCN Submittal Package_20240105

WILDLANDS
ENGINEERING
MEMORANDUM
TO: Permit Reviewer
FROM: Jake McLean, Wildlands Engineering
DATE: January 5, 2024
RE: Pre -Construction Notification Pursuant to NWP 27 & 53
Shulls Mill Dam Removal
Watauga County, North Carolina
On behalf of MountainTrue, Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands) is submitting a Pre -Construction
Notification (PCN) for the Shulls Mill Dam Removal project in Watauga County near Boone, NC in the
Watauga River Basin (HUC 06010103). MountainTrue has partnered with American Rivers and helped
secure grant funding through a direct funding allocation from the State of NC, issued through the NC
Wildlife Resources Commission, to complete the removal of Shulls Mill Dam for the purpose of aquatic
habitat improvement along the Watauga River. Project activities for the dam removal phase of work are
described in the PCN application and figures.
Supporting Documentation Table of Contents
Figure 1— USGS Topographic Map............................................................................................
3
Figure2 —Vicinity Map..............................................................................................................4
Figure3 —Site Map....................................................................................................................
5
Figure4—Soils Map..................................................................................................................6
Figure 5 —Aquatic Resources Impact Map................................................................................7
401 Pre -filing Meeting Request Email.......................................................................................8
PhotoLog.................................................................................................................................
10
Landowner Authorization Form..............................................................................................
14
PJDForm..............................................................................................................................................17
NCDWQStream ID Form.........................................................................................................
21
Permit Authorization NWP 6 — Geotechnical Testing Phase ...................................................
23
NCSHPO Response Letter.......................................................................................................
29
USFWSCorrespondence..........................................................................................................
31
Construction Memo and Plans................................................................................................36
Please do not hesitate to contact me at [phone] or at [e-mail] should you
have any questions.
Sincerely,
4
Jake McLean, PE
Project Manager

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401 Pre -Filing Meeting Request Email

From:
401PreFile
To:
Mimi Caddell
Subject:
Automatic reply: [External] 401/Buffer Pre -filing Meeting Request
Date:
Friday, November 3, 2023 10:07:05 AM
This email confirms receipt of your pre -filing meeting request. Please retain this email for your
records and submit this documentation as part of your 401 application (PCN Application) as
required by federal law. DWR will not be able to accept your application without this federally
required documentation. 401 applications received without documentation that a pre -filing
meeting request was submitted at least 30 days prior will be returned as incomplete.
Responses to this email are not monitored.
If you need to contact 401/Buffer Permitting Staff, please use the following link(s) to access of
staff contact list(s).
For Non -Transportation Central Staff:
https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-quality_permitting/401-buffer-
permitting/401-buffer-permitting-contacts
For Non -Transportation Regional
Staff: httl2s://edocs.deg.nc.gov/WaterResources/DocView.asl2x?dbid=0&id=2162034&cr=1
For all Transportation Projects Including NCDOT Projects:
https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/transportation-
permitting/staff-contacts
Email correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third
parties by an authorized state official.

Photo Log

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Photo point 5: Watauga River upstream Shulls Mill Dam —view Photo point 5: Watauga River upstream of Shulls Mill Dam —
downstream I view downstream/left bank
Photo point 5: Watauga River upstream of Shulls Mill Dam — view downstream/right channel bar
Shulls Mill Dam Removal — Representative Site Photos (July 7t", 2023)

Photo point 6: Side view of Shulls Mill Dam from the right bank Photo point 7: Watauga River downstream Shulls Mill Dam —
view upstream
Shulls Mill Dam Removal — Representative Site Photos (July 7t", 2023)

Landowner Authorization Form

LAND ACCESS LICENSE AGREEMENT
THIS LAND ACCESS LICENSE AGREEMENT ("License Agreement") is by and between
Hound Ears Club, Incorporated ("Licensor"), and American Rivers, Inc. ("Licensee"), ("the Parties").
WHEREAS, the Licensor is the owner of the property Shull's Mill Dam located at Old Shull's
Mill Rd.
WHEREAS, the Property contains Shull's Mill Dam;
WHEREAS, the Licensor and the Licensee agree to dam removal for the purpose of, aquatic
habitat improvement
WHEREAS, the Licensee has requested access to the Property for the purpose of dam removal
and stream restoration (the "Work");
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual premises, promises and covenants, that are
hereby acknowledged by the parties, the parties agree as follows:
1. Licensor grants to Licensee, its employees, representatives, contractors, and subcontractors,
including but not limited to MountainTrue, Blue Ridge Resource Conservation and Development Council
("Project Partners") the right to access the Property at all reasonable times for the purpose of performing
the Work.
2. This License Agreement shall commence on the date that it is fully executed by the Parties and
shall continue until Licensee completes the Work, but no later than December 31, 2025. The rights
granted by this License are specifically designed to inure to the benefit of the Licensee and its contractors,
subcontractors, employees and representatives, including the Project Partners.
3. The Licensor and the Licensee agree that this License Agreement does not convey any right, title,
easement or interest of a permanent nature in the Property to the Licensee or any other person. The
Licensor and Licensee agree that this License Agreement does not waive other rights either party may
have under federal, state, and local law.
4. Upon termination of the Work, Licensee shall restore any portions of the Property disturbed by
the Work, as set forth in a detailed site plan to be provided at a later date, with the understanding that the
Dams will have been removed and associated habitat restoration activities will have been completed.
5. Licensee shall, at its own cost and expense, maintain and keep in force at all times during the
License Period: (1) commercial general liability insurance, which shall include contractual liability
coverage against third -party claims for bodily injury or property damage occurring on the Property as a
result of Licensee or Project Partners' Work; primary coverage will be a minimum aggregate limit of not
less than $1,000,000 and excess umbrella aggregate limit of not less than $2,000,000; and (2) Employers'
Liability and Workers' Compensation Insurance to the extent required by law.

6. Licensee accepts the condition of the Property "as is" and acknowledges that Licensor has not
made and makes no warranty of any kind as to the condition of the Property for the use intended under
this License.
7. Licensee assumes no liability for any existing or future environmental conditions of the
Property. Licensor indemnifies and holds harmless Licensee for any pollutants, hazardous materials
and/or substances on the Property from acts or omissions of Licensor and/or past owners, operators, or
tenants of the Property, and acts or omissions of any transporters and/or arrangers of any pollutants,
hazardous materials and/or substances on the Property, which may be disturbed as a result of the
Work. Licensee agrees to notify Licensor of any such pollutants, hazardous materials and/or substances
discovered on the Property in accordance with, or as a result of, the Work. The Licensor's obligations
under this section shall survive the termination of this License Agreement.
8. Neither party shall be liable to the other for any liability for consequential, special or incidental
damages including, without limitation, any damages arising out of business interruption, lost profits, loss
of rental income, or loss of the use of the Property whether any such claim is brought by Licensor,
Licensor's tenants or any other third party.
9. This License Agreement shall be governed and construed under and in accordance with the laws
of the State of North Carolina
10. This License Agreement constitutes the entire agreement by and between the parties hereto and
no other oral or written agreements, arrangements, representations or understandings, unless specifically
noted herein, shall be deemed to be in existence. This License Agreement, for all purposes, supersedes all
prior agreements, written or oral, if any, between the parties hereto, and may not be amended or modified
except by an instrument in writing signed by all parties to be bound.
11. The license granted hereby is personal to Licensee and shall not be assigned or sub -licensed
without the prior written consent of Licensor. Licensor shall transfer the rights and obligations of this
License Agreement to any successors, heirs, executors, lessees, or assigns of the Property for the
remainder of the License Period, including but not limited to the remainder of Work to be completed by
Licensee and its Project Partners. This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their
respective successors and assigns.
Any Notices under this License Agreement shall be deemed duly delivered if hand -delivered or mailed by
U.S. certified mail, return receipt requested, to:
Licensor: Hound Ears Club, Incorporated

+28 Shull's Mill Roved Boone NC' 28h07
Attn:
Licensee: American Rivers
Attn: AR Erin McCombs
With a copy to: American Rivers, Inc.
ATTN: General Counsel
1101 14., St., NW
Suite 1400
Washington, DC 20005
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Licensor and Licensee have executed this License Agreement as of the
day and the year first set forth above.
Witness: t�
Witness:
By:
Date: L 2 ' 15- — Z G 21
AMERICAN RIVERS, INC.
By.:
12/17/21
Kristin M. May, Chief Financial Officer

pJD Form

O.PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION (PJD) FORM
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR PJD: 8/11/2023
B. NAME AND ADDRESS OF PERSON REQUESTING PJD: Wildlands Engineering, Inc., Mimi Caddell, 167-B
Haywood Road, Asheville, NC 28806
C. DISTRICT OFFICE, FILE NAME, AND NUMBER: Asheville Regulatory Field Office, Not filed to date
D. PROJECT LOCATION(S) AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION: 1589 Dogwood, Boone, NC 28607
(USE THE TABLE BELOW TO DOCUMENT MULTIPLE AQUATIC RESOURCES AND/OR
AQUATIC RESOURCES AT DIFFERENT SITES)
State: North Carolina County: Watauga City: Boone
Center coordinates of site (lat/long in degree decimal format): Latitude: 36.1815716 Longitude:-81.7467913
Universal Transverse Mercator: UTM 17
Name of nearest waterbody: Watauga River
E. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
❑ Office (Desk) Determination. Date:
® Field Determination. Date(s): 7/06/23
TABLE OF AQUATIC RESOURCES IN REVIEW AREA WHICH "MAYBE" SUBJECT TO REGULATORY
JURISDICTION.
Estimated amount
Type of aquatic
Geographic authority
Latitude
Longitude
of aquatic resources
resources (i.e., wetland
to which the aquatic
Site Number
(decimal
(decimal
in review area
vs. non -wetland
resource "may be"
degrees)
degrees)
(acreage and linear
waters)
subject (i.e., Section
feet, if applicable
404 or Section 10/404)
1. Watauga
36.1815716
-81.7467913
1051 LF
Non -wetland waters
Section 404
River
2. UT1
36.1825860
-81.7472150
107 LF
Non -wetland waters
Section 404
1) The Corps of Engineers believes that there may be jurisdictional aquatic resources in the review area, and the requestor
of this PJD is hereby advised of his or her option to request and obtain an approved JD (AJD) for that review area based
on an informed decision after having discussed the various types of JDs and their characteristics and circumstances when
they may be appropriate.
2) In any circumstance where a permit applicant obtains an individual permit, or a Nationwide General Permit (NWT) or
other general permit verification requiring "pre- construction notification" (PCN), or requests verification for a non -
reporting NWP or other general permit, and the permit applicant has not requested an AJD for the activity, the permit
applicant is hereby made aware that: (1) the permit applicant has elected to seek a permit authorization based on a PJD,
which does not make an official determination of jurisdictional aquatic resources; (2) the applicant has the option to
request an AID before accepting the terms and conditions of the permit authorization, and that basing a permit
authorization on an AJD could possibly result in less compensatory mitigation being required or different special
conditions; (3) the applicant has the right to request an individual permit rather than accepting the terms and conditions of
the NWP or other general permit authorization; (4) the applicant can accept a permit authorization and thereby agree to
comply with all the terms and conditions of that permit, including whatever mitigation requirements the Corps has
determined to be necessary; (5) undertaking any activity in reliance upon the subject permit authorization without
requesting an AJD constitutes the applicant's acceptance of the use of the PJD; (6) accepting a permit authorization (e.g.,
signing a proffered individual permit) or undertaking any activity in reliance on any form of Corps permit authorization
based on a PJD constitutes agreement that all aquatic resources in the review area affected in any way by that activity will
be treated as jurisdictional, and waives any challenge to such jurisdiction in any administrative or judicial compliance or
enforcement action, or in any administrative appeal or in any Federal court; and (7) whether the applicant elects to use
either an AJD or a PJD, the JD will be processed as soon as practicable. Further, an AJD, a proffered individual permit
(and all terms and conditions contained therein), or individual permit denial can be administratively appealed pursuant to
33 C.F.R. Part 331. If, during an administrative appeal, it becomes appropriate to make an official determination whether
geographic jurisdiction exists over aquatic resources in the review area, or to provide an official delineation of
jurisdictional aquatic resources in the review area, the Corps will provide an AJD to accomplish that result, as soon as is

practicable. This PJD finds that there "may be" waters of the U.S. and/or that there "may be" navigable waters of the U.S.
on the subject review area, and identifies all aquatic features in the review area that could be affected by the proposed
activity, based on the following information:
SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for PJD (check all that apply)
Checked items should be included in subject file. Appropriately reference sources below where
indicated for all checked items:
® Maps, plans, plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor:
Map: USGS Topographic, Vicinity, Site Map with 2022 Aerial, Soils Map
® Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor.
❑ Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report. Rationale:
❑ Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
❑ Corps navigable waters' study:
❑ U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
❑ USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
® U. S. Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale & quad name: 1:24,000 Scale Boone and Valle Crucis. NC
quadrangles
® Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey. Citation: NRCS Web Soils Survey Website
❑ National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
❑ State/local wetland inventory map(s):
® FEMA/FIRM maps: Zone AE — FIRM 3710188900J
❑ 100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929)
® Photographs: ®Aerial (Name & Date): 2022 aerial is used on GIS figures with submittal
or ®Other (Name & Date): Representative site photos with submittal.
❑ Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter:
❑ Other information (please specify):
IMPORTANT NOTE: The information recorded on this form has not necessarily been
verified by the Corps and should not be relied upon for later jurisdictional determinations.
Mimi Caddell
A*V (�a&
Signature and date of Regulatory 8/11/2023
staff member completing PJD Signature and date of person requesting PJD
(REQUIRED, unless obtaining the signature is
DATE impracticable)
1 Districts may establish timeframes for requester to return signed PJD forms. If the requester does not respond within the established
time frame, the district may presume concurrence and no additional follow up is necessary prior to finalizing an action.

NCDWQ Stream ID Form

NC DNVQ Stream identification Form Version 4.11
y 11
Latitude:
p
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Date: � 1 b ZO�' j
projectl5ite:
County: rJ �-1r A Lkk C7l
V
Longitude:
Evaluator, iM C p, a 6 e 0
,
Total Points: (�
stream is at least intermittent 5
stream Determination icircl a
Ephemeral Intermittent erennia
Other U-T l
e.g Quad Name:
if >- 19 or perennial if :' 30' U p'L
A. Geomorphology Subtotal =
Absent
Weak
Moderate
Strong
1" Continuity bed and bank
0
12
Sinuosity nnel along thalweg
02.
3
3. In -channel structure: ex. riffle -pool, step -pool,
0
1
2
ripple -pool sequence
0
1
2
4. Particle size of stream substrate
2
3
5. Activelrelict floodplain
0
2
3
6. Depositional bars or benches
0
1
3
7. Recent alluvial deposits
0
1
2
3
8. Headcuts
0
0.5
1
1.5
9. Grade control
0
0.5
1
1.5
10. Natural valley
Yes = 3
11. Second or greater order channel
o =75
artifidaI ditches are not rated: see discussions in manual
B, Hydrology Subtotal = 16
12. Presence of Baseflow
0
1
2
3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria
0
2
0.5
0
14, Leaf litter
5
0
1
0.5
1
1.5
15. Sediment on plants or debris
1.5
16, Organic debris lines or piles
0
0.5
1
17, Soil -based evidence of high water table?
No = 0
es
C. Biology (Subtotal = 11JL )
18. Fibrous roots in streambed
3
2
1
0
0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed
2
1
20. Macrobenthos (note diversity and abundance)
0
1
QZ>
2
3
21. Aquatic Mollusks
0
1
0.5
1
1.5
22, Fish
0.5
1
1.5
23. Crayfish
ES
E25.
0.5
1
1.5
24. Amphibians
0
0.5
1
1.5
Algae
26. Wetland plants in streambed
ACW = 0.7 OBL
= 1.5 Other = 0 (u
'perennial streams may also be identified using other methods. See p. 35 of manual.
�v 112 C"& t
Sketch: 47 _
LT
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Permit Authorization NWP 6 — Geotechnical Testing Phase

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
WILMINGTON DISTRICT
Action ID. 2023-01660
County: Watauga
GENERAL PERNHT (REGIONAL AND NATIONWIDE) VERIFICATION
Permittee: Mountain True / Attn: Bob Wagner
Address: 164 Depot Street
Boone, NC 28607
Telephone Number: 828-545-3865
Location description: The site is located at/near the intersection of NC Hwy 105 and Old Shulls Mill Road, at the site of
the existing Shulls Mill Dam on the Watauga River, near Boone, NC. Coordinates are: 36.182806-81.747215.
Description of projects area and activity: This permit authorizes geotechnical testing associated with the proposed Shull
Mill Dam removal nroiect. Temnorary impacts authorized by this nermit consist of annroximatelv 13 test nits
(maximum) throughout a 450-foot section of the Watauga River immediately upstream of the existing dam. Please
reference the attached letter from the North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission regarding recommendations for
our consideration.
Applicable Law: ® Section 404 (Clean Water Act, 33 USC 1344)
❑ Section 10 (Rivers and Harbors Act, 33 USC 403)
Authorization: Regional General Permit Number or Nationwide Permit Number: NWP #6
SEE ATTACHED RGP or NWP GENERAL, REGIONAL AND SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Your work is authorized by the above referenced permit provided it is accomplished in strict accordance with the
attached conditions, above noted special conditions, and your submitted application and attached information dated
August 16, 2023. Any violation of the attached conditions or deviation from your submitted plans may subject the
permittee to a stop work order, a restoration order, a Class I administrative penalty, and/or appropriate legal action.
This verification will remain valid until the expiration date identified below unless the nationwide/regional authorization is
modified, suspended or revoked. If, prior to the expiration date identified below, the nationwide/regional permit authorization
is reissued and/or modified, this verification will remain valid until the expiration date identified below, provided it complies
with all requirements of the modified nationwide/regional permit. If the nationwide/regional permit authorization expires or is
suspended, revoked, or is modified, such that the activity would no longer comply with the terms and conditions of the
nationwide/regional permit, activities which have commenced (i.e., are under construction) or are under contract to commence
in reliance upon the nationwide/regional permit, will remain authorized provided the activity is completed within twelve months
of the date of the nationwide/regional permit's expiration, modification or revocation, unless discretionary authority has been
exercised on a case -by -case basis to modify, suspend or revoke the authorization.
Activities subject to Section 404 (as indicated above) may also require an individual Section 401 Water Quality Certification.
You should contact the NC Division of Water Resources (telephone [phone]) to determine Section 401 requirements.
For activities occurring within the twenty coastal counties subject to regulation under the Coastal Area Management Act
(CAMA), prior to beginning work you must contact the N.C. Division of Coastal Management at [phone].
This Department of the Army verification does not relieve the permittee of the responsibility to obtain any other required
Federal, State or local approvals/permits. If there are any questions regarding this verification, any of the conditions of the
Permit, or the Corps of Engineers regulatory program, please contact Amanda Jones at 828-271-7980, ext. 4225 or
amanda.j ones@us ace.army.mil.
04-01--
Corps Regulatory Official: Date: September 20, 2023
Amany Jones
Expiration Date of Verification: March 14, 2026
CF: Wildlands Engineering, Attn: Jake McLean (via email)

Action ID Number: 2023-01660 County: Watauga
Permittee: Mountain True / Attn: Bob Wagner
Project Name: Shulls Mill Dam Removal GeoTech Testing / NWP 96
Date Verification Issued: September 20, 2023
Project Manager: Amanda Jones
Upon completion of the activity authorized by this permit and any mitigation required by the permit,
sign this certification and return it to the following address:
US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
WILMINGTON DISTRICT
Attn.: Amanda Jones
151 Patton Avenue, Room 208
Asheville, North Carolina 28801-5006
Please note that your permitted activity is subject to a compliance inspection by a U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers representative. Failure to comply with any terms or conditions of this authorization may
result in the Corps suspending, modifying or revoking the authorization and/or issuing a Class I
administrative penalty, or initiating other appropriate legal action.
I hereby certify that the work authorized by the above referenced permit has been completed in
accordance with the terms and condition of the said permit, and required mitigation was completed in
accordance with the permit conditions.
Signature of Permittee
Date
The Wilmington District is committed to providing the highest level of support to the public. To help us ensure
we continue to do so, please complete our Customer Satisfaction Survey, located online at
htt)s://regulatory.oi)s.usacc.army.mil/customer-service-survcv/

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® North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
Cameron Ingram, Executive Director
September 20, 2023
Ms. Amanda Fuemmeler
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Regulatory Branch
151 Patton Avenue, Room 208
Asheville, North Carolina 28801-5006
SUBJECT: Shulls Mill Dam Removal — Geotechnical Testing Phase
Watauga River, Watauga County
Dear Ms. Fuemmeler:
Biologists with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) reviewed an
application to conduct geotechnical testing in the bed of the Watauga River, temporarily
impacting up to 227 ft of stream in Watauga County. Our comments on this application are
offered for your consideration under provisions of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 466
et. seq.) and Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-
667d).
Project activities should not impact wild trout, and a trout moratorium is not needed for the
project. However, the Watauga River is part of the Watauga River Aquatic Habitat, a NC Natural
Heritage Program natural area rated Very High due to the richness and ecological importance of
the aquatic community. Most importantly, the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus
alleganiensis, US Federal Species of Concern, NC Special Concern) is present just downstream
of the dam. Effective erosion and sediment control on the project is extremely important to
protect habitat for this species.
The project proposes to access the river to dig up to 13 test pits on dry cobble bars and within the
wetted channel; these pits could be up to 10 ft in width and depth. NCWRC met with Wildlands
Engineering staff on August 11, 2023 to coordinate on methods and minimization of impacts to
aquatic habitat. Where pits will be dug in the wetted channel, work areas will be isolated from
flows with gravel/cobble or bladder flow diversion dams. Machine tracking within the channel
will be minimized. Work is anticipated to take one day during this fall.
Mailing Address: Habitat Conservation • 1721 Mail Service Center • Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
Telephone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]

Shulls Mill Dam — Geotechnical Phase Page 2 20 September, 2023
Watauga River, Watauga Co
We offer the following recommendations to minimize impacts to the aquatic community:
1. In -channel work should be accomplished as quickly as possible and vigilance used in
sediment and erosion control during site preparation, construction, and clean up. Disturbed
areas should be seeded, mulched and/or matted as soon as possible, preferably at the end of
each work day.
2. Any erosion control matting used should be free of plastic mesh, as this type of mesh netting
frequently entangles wildlife and is slow to degrade, resulting in a hazard that may last for
years.
3. NCWRC staff would like to be present during the work. Please coordinate with Andrea
Leslie, providing at least 2 weeks of notice of the work.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. Please contact meat
[phone] if you have any questions about these comments.
Sincerely,
Andrea Leslie
Mountain Region Coordinator, Habitat Conservation Program
ec: Mimi Caddell, Wildlands Engineering
Seren Homer, NC Division of Water Resources

NC SHPO Response Letter

North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
Ramona M. Bartos, Administrator
Governor Roy Cooper
Secretary D. Reid Wilson
January 2, 2024
Office of Archives and History
Deputy Secretary, Darin J. Waters, Ph.D.
Julie Bernstorf [e-mail]
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
167-B Haywood Road
Asheville, NC 28806
Re: Remove Shull Mill Dam, Watauga River, Watauga County, ER 23-2584
Dear Ms. Bernstorf:
Thank you for your letter of November 10, 2023, regarding the above -referenced undertaking. We have
reviewed the submission and offer the following comments.
We have conducted a review of the project and are aware of no historic resources which would be affected
by the project. Therefore, we have no comment on the project as proposed.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36
CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
contact Renee Gledhill -Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919-814-6579
or environmental.reviewgdncr.nc.gov. In all future communication concerning this project, please cite the
above referenced tracking number.
(1� Sincerely,
Ramona Bartos, Deputy
State Historic Preservation Officer
Location: 109 East Jones Street, Raleigh NC 27601 Mailing Address: 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-4617 Telephone/Fax: [phone]-6898

USFWS Correspondence

From:
Hamstead, Byron A
To:
Mimi Caddell
Cc:
Leslie. Andrea J
Subject:
Re: [EXTERNAL] Shulls Mill Dam Removal Project
Date:
Friday, January 5, 2024 8:38:33 AM
Happy new year Mimi,
Andrea and I spoke briefly about this project yesterday. We offer the following comments in
response to your scoping request. These comments may also inform prudent species effect
determinations from the action agency pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act
(ESA):
General Comments
The Service acknowledges that the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC)
is an invested project proponent and we support the ecologically safe removal of the breached
Shulls Mill Dam to improve aquatic organism passage. Our office is committed to support the
conservation of federal trust resources and also conservation goals for State -priority species.
NCWRC's conservation objectives for this project may also inform site -specific impact
avoidance and/or minimization measures for federally protected species.
We understand that a design has not been completed for the proposed project. Final project
design and construction methods should also inform site -specific impact avoidance and/or
minimization measures, effect determinations to federally listed species, and ultimately our
concurrence.
In accordance with the ESA, it is the responsibility of the appropriate federal action agency or
its designated representative to review its activities or programs and to identify any such
activities or programs that may affect endangered or threatened species or their habitats. If it
is determined that the proposed activity is likely to adversely affect any species federally listed
as endangered or threatened, formal consultation with this office must be initiated. Our
concurrence with "no effect" determinations from action agencies is not required.
Bats
The information provided indicates that suitable forage, roosting, and/or commuting habitat
occurs within the proposed action area (50CFR 402.02) for the federally endangered gray bat
(Myotis grisescens), Virginia big -eared bat (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus),
Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentriona(is, NLEB), and the proposed endangered
tricolored bat (Perimyotis subf(avus, TCB). Multiple known occurrences of the species above
occur in the project vicinity. Your correspondence also indicates that no caves or cave -like
features are present within the proposed action area which would provide suitable
hibernacula for the bat species above. However, it is plausible or likely that the bat species
above forage, commute, or roost in forested portions of the action area or culverts that occur
onsite.

We acknowledge that no bats were detected during July 6, 2023 surveys conducted by
Wildlands Engineering. But the methods and scope of these surveys are uncertain. Please
refer to the Range -Wide Survey Guidelines for NLEB, TCB, and Indiana bat for conducting
presence/absence surveys: https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/range-wide-indiana-bat-
and-northern-long-eared-bat-surveyguidelines. In lieu of valid bat survey results, project
proponents may assume presence of these species where their suitable habitats occur and
identify measures to reduce the probability of take.
The information provided indicates that 10-20 trees 3-inches DBH or greater may be removed
during the active season for tree -roosting bats (April 1 - November 15) for staging and grading.
The project would also entail percussive activities during a one -month period between May
2024 and August 2024, but the timing, duration, and magnitude of those impacts to listed bats
is uncertain. We encourage project proponents to accomplish all necessary tree clearing
before April 1, 2024 (during the inactive season for tree -roosting bats) to minimize impacts to
these species. Minimizing or avoiding percussive activities during the active season for tree -
roosting bats and especially their pup season (May 15 - July 31) would also reduce impacts to
these species.
We believe these impact minimization measures would reduce the probability for take of the
species above to a level that is insignificant and/or discountable, and would warrant our
concurrence with "may affect, not likely to adversely affect" determinations from the action
agency for the bat species above. Although TCB is not currently afforded protections under
Section 7 of the ESA, these impact minimization measures would support our concurrence
with a "may affect, not likely to adversely affect" determination for this species should it
become listed before the project is complete.
Aquatic Species
The proposed threatened green floater (Lasmigona subviridis) may occur in this reach of the
Watauga River. A final listing decision for this animal has not been issued and it is not currently
subject to consultation requirements under Section 7 of the ESA. We appreciate your
consideration for this species and acknowledge that your survey efforts on July 6, 2023 did not
detect evidence for this species at that time. Like most aquatic sessile filter -feeding animals,
this freshwater mussel is sensitive to perturbations in water quality and physical habitats. We
encourage stringent pollution prevention measures, sediment controls, and a project
design/construction sequence that minimizes impacts to aquatic habitats within the Watauga
River.
A population of eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis a((eganiensis) occurs in this
reach of the Watauga River. The Service was petitioned to list this species as threatened on
March 31, 2022. The Service has not made a petition finding at this time and this population is
not currently subject to consultation requirements under Section 7 of the ESA. The eastern
hellbender is State -listed as Special Concern. In North Carolina, the breeding season for this
animal is August 15 - November 30. We encourage project proponents to avoid and/or

minimize impacts to suitable habitats for these animals, especially during their breeding
season. The Service also encourages a project design that incorporates nesting shelters for
this animal. The measures to protect green floater would also minimize impacts to this
species.
Bald Eaale and Other Federally Listed Species
Recent records for bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) occur in the project vicinity.
However, we acknowledge that your surveys conducted July 6, 2023 did not detect evidence
for bald eagle nests within the proposed action area. We acknowledge your findings that
suitable habitat does not occur within the action area for any other federally listed species.
Thanks for your coordination. Please contact me with any questions.
Regards,
Byron
Byron Hamstead
(he/him)
Fish and Wildlife Biologist
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, North Carolina, 28801
This email correspondence and any attachments to and from this sender is subject to the Freedom of Information Act and may
be disclosed to third parties.
From: Hamstead, Byron A <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, December 8, 2023 2:51 PM
To: Mimi Caddell <[e-mail]>
Subject: Re: [EXTERNAL] Shulls Mill Dam Removal Project
Thanks Mimi,
We have added this request to our list and will respond within 30d.
Warm regards,
Byron
Byron Hamstead

(he/him)
Fish and Wildlife Biologist
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, North Carolina, 28801
This email correspondence and any attachments to and from this sender is subject to the Freedom of Information Act and may
be disclosed to third parties.
From: Mimi Caddell <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, December 8, 2023 2:44 PM
To: Hamstead, Byron A <[e-mail]>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Shulls Mill Dam Removal Project
This email has been received from outside of DOI - Use caution before clicking on
links, opening attachments, or responding.
Hi Byron,
Hope all is well with you. In regards to the dam removal phase of the Shulls Mill Dam Removal
Project (IPaC Project Code: 2024-0021440), see attached for the scoping letter along with map
figures, species conclusion table, IPaC species list, NLEB consistency letter, and NCNHP letter.
Please let me know if you have any questions or need additional information.
Thanks,
Mimi Caddell I Environmental Scientist
704.222.4918
Wildlands Engineering. Inc.
167-B Haywood Road
Asheville, NC 28806

Construction Memo and Plans

Technical Memorandum
Prepared for: MountainTrue
Project Title: Shulls Mill Dam Removal
Wildlands 005-50002
Project No:
Subject: 90% Design Plans and Permitting Package (DRAFT)
Date: January 4, 2024
From:
Jacob McLean, PE, CFM, Project Manager
Julie Bernstorf, PE, Design Engineer
Figure 1. Project Site Map
Appendices: Appendix B. Project Plans - Permitting Set
Appendix C. Photo Log
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033578
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Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
License F-0831
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

INTRODUCTION / OVERVIEW
A restoration project is proposed to remove Shulls Mill Dam and restore the river plan, profile and cross -
sectional dimension in the historically impounded reach. The goals of the project are to restore riverine
continuity with respect to hydrology, sediment transport and habitat connectivity. This will be
accomplished through the full vertical and horizontal removal of the Shulls Mill Dam, except along the
left floodplain portion left of the current channel. In this area, only the upper half of the dam is
proposed to be removed —the lower portion will help to contain and retain fine deposition from future
high flows. The project will restore the river channel and bank through the historically impoundment
area to address ongoing erosion and facilitate a trend towards long-term geomorphic equilibrium by
lowering the stream to the predicted post -removal base level through the removal of excess deposited
sediment behind the dam. The proposed removal and restoration activities will facilitate aquatic
organism passage and provide water quality benefits by reducing riverbank erosion. The dam removal
will also address safety concerns associated with unauthorized swimming and diving at the dam and
enable safe passage for paddlers. Preliminary construction plans are provided in Appendix A.
The Shulls Mill Dam is located in Watauga County (36' 11' 03.48" N, 81' 44' 49.59" W) near the
intersection of Hwy 105 and Old Shulls Mill Road and upstream of the community of Valle Crucis. A
photo log of site conditions is provided in Appendix B. The dam is a significant barrier on the Watauga
River and a prior removal project downstream removed the Ward Mill Dam and has successfully
restored connectivity from the lower river below the Rominger Road bridge. Land use directly adjacent
to the dam and impoundment is residential to the east and road and highway to the west with some
commercial and residential parcels in close proximity (Figure 1). A narrow, wooded river corridor and
steep valley walls characterize the site.
At the Dam, the Watauga River has a drainage area of 25.8 square miles. The dam was previously
breached. The primary (high flow) breach is located along the right valley wall where the dam has
washed out and only the foundation remnants remain. High flows follow this flow path through a rocky
area and the removal of the dam will significantly reduce the frequency and velocity of high flows in this
area. Three holes are also present in the face of the dam that provide low flow conveyance and control
the existing upstream water surface (and sediment levels in the river channel). There is a drop of
approximately 3' through the dam at base flow from the upstream river channel (2861.6') into the
downstream pool (2858.6'). The historic impoundment has been re-established since the breach
openings were established with riffles and pools having formed at the current bed level. The removal of
the dam is anticipated to lower the base level, upstream of the dam up to the location of a bedrock
outcropping in the riverbed, by an average of 3'. Plans are being made to remove the sediment prior to
removal of the dam structure in order to prevent a slug of sediment from entering the downstream
reach where a known breeding population of Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) reside
and have been identified by NC WRC as an important resource to protect from potential impacts.
Based on best available information, the original dam on this site was constructed in the early 1900's. It
was significantly impacted by the 1940 flood and was never fully reestablished for its original purpose.
The original dam had a powerhouse on river left and a railroad corridor on river right, both of which are
no longer present. The dam is approximately 175 feet long with a maximum height of 20-22 feet from
the bedrock base to the top of the dam and a uniform thickness of approximately 18" at the top. The
base of the dam may taper to a width of approximately 5'. The dam appears to consist of an upper wall
and lower wall poured separately, with the lower wall anticipated to taper to a broader base, as stated.
The owner of the Shulls Mill Dam is the Hound Ears Country Club. The Club has signed an agreement
with MountainTrue and American Rivers to allow for removal of the dam and associated permitting.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

PURPOSE OF MEMO
The purpose of this memorandum (memo) is to summarize the assessment, design and stakeholder
outreach work leading up to the 90% design permitting plans that provide details for the removal of
Shulls Mill Dam and associated sediment mitigation and river restoration work. The memo will also
provide support and justification that the proposed approach meets regulatory requirements, design
goals and is adequately protective of the downstream hellbender population.
The preparation of the permitting plans and package involved assessment, design, and hydraulic
modeling activities to develop data to support the construction approach presented.
All references to the left or right bank within documentation follow a downstream -facing convention.
INITIAL ASSESSMENT
Assessment fieldwork was conducted fall 2023 and included geologic site review, geomorphic
evaluation, and vegetation assessment.
Geologic Site Review
A geologic review of hillslope processes influencing the site was performed by Appalachian Landslide
Consultants (ALC).
ALC reviewed QL1 LiDAR (lidar) topographic data and completed field visits to verify lidar interpretation
of hillslope geology and historic depositional features on the landscape. ALC also oversaw geotechnical
investigations involving test pits for evaluating subsurface site conditions.
ALC's review indicates that the left valley hillslope processes funnel colluvial material along concave
landforms to areas above and below the historic impoundment and that areas within the impoundment
are largely protected by a convex upslope landform. This accounts for the lack of boulder and colluvial
material observed within the historic impoundment during visual and geotechnical testing efforts. The
right hillslope is not as steep and no direct pathways for colluvium were present within the historic
impoundment reach. However, at and below the dam, hillslope processes have contributed to the right
floodplain and terrace boulder field. Also notable, bedrock outcroppings were observed consistently
along the right bank at and immediately above the existing base flow elevation. During geotechnical
exploration, bedrock was only encountered below the existing riverbed at the upstream limits of the
proposed river restoration reach. Bedrock is also visible on the right limits of the dam face on the
downstream side. No boulders were encountered during geotechnical test pits.
ALC also provided drone photography within the historic impoundment to help evaluate site conditions;
some of these photographs are included in Appendix B.
Geomorphic Evaluation and Design
Stream geomorphologic evaluation was completed within the historic impoundment and upstream and
downstream reaches, which are also in a confined valley setting. As previously discussed, the
impoundment has been breached a long time and base flow stream channel and flood flow pathways
have formed based on the current condition. Base flow is controlled by the elevations at breached areas
through the holes in the dam face and by the elevation and material present along the right floodplain
side of the dam. It is expected that repeated flood flows have caused considerable scour of finer
material from the right floodplain as all of the river's energy is focused on that area during high flows
under the existing conditions. Post -removal conditions will allow for this area to return to a lower
velocity area as high flows will be centered in the valley and the highest velocity vectors will align with
the existing pool.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

The influence of the historic impoundment was evaluated for its role in current conditions. Based on soil
probes, the left bank of the river is fine silt likely deposited during the era of full impoundment behind
the dam. Terrace levels off the left top of bank are consistent with the approximate top of the dam
elevation. The right bank has several bedrock outcroppings low on the channel bank, particularly in the
upper half of the historic impoundment. At a higher level, a small and flat depositional surface is
consistent with the right bank elevation, which suggests the full impoundment level.
In the river channel, two significant mid -channel bars have formed between the dam and the bedrock
outcropping in the upstream limits of the historically impounded reach. As a result, the bottom width of
the river has become excessively wide with flow braiding around the backside of the bars and into the
fine sediment on the left bank. It is estimated from a comparison of 2017 LiDAR to the 2023 survey that
the size of these mid -channel bars has expanded and left bank erosion has resulted in approximately
1,000 CY of sediment loss and downstream transport over the approximate 6-year period. This estimate
was developed by subtracting the project topographic survey from the 2017 LiDAR topography and
discounting the area below the water surface that is not accurately surveyed by LiDAR.
Convex landform
upstream through
impounded area
Ft
Shulls Mill Dam �`'I V "'V M,Concave landform leading to
right floodplain downstream of
dam in proposed rock
harvesting area
j t l Concave landform '
r _
upslope of upstream -
Ir
grade control
Convex Landform above the historic impoundment influences river morphology through restoration area
The river restoration project proposes to narrow the base and bankfull flow channels. A geomorphic
evaluation was completed on upstream and downstream areas of the river to locate suitable reference
reach data that could guide restoration design. Based on the site geology and stable bedform
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

downstream of the dam (head of riffle) and upstream (rock/boulder ledge just above project limits) , the
historically impounded reach is judged to have been a flatter area as
compared to the steep gradients farther upstream and downstream. The
predicted slope through this reach is at or less than 1% whereas #'
adjacent areas exceed 3-5% over similar channel lengths. In steeper ;.
areas, and even in some flatter areas with more colluvial influence,
higher base flow widths are broken up by large colluvial materials across
the channel section. No colluvial materials were found during
geotechnical testing (test pits) completed within the historic
impoundment.
The most comparable reach was found downstream about 3500 feet
near the Hwy 105 bridge. In this reach, where slopes were comparable
to the historic impoundment reach, the bottom width was measured
from UDAR and aerial data sources and found to vary from 40'-45'.
Based on this and other measurements taken to bracket the range of
low flow channel widths, the design bottom width was set at 43'.
The Watauga River at the project site has a drainage area of 25.8
square miles based on USGS StreamStats v4.2.0
Aerial photography shows the
distinct difference in material
upstream and downstream of the
(https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/). Regional curve data is available for historically impounded segment
Western North Carolina
(https:Hweb.a rchive.org/web/20170705004307/https://www. bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/wqg/srp/mtntable.htm I).
The following bankfull geometry predictions and design values were developed for the site using
equations from this regional curve data and local flow and geometry estimates:
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Table 1. Results of Regional Curve Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for Watauga River
(25.8 square miles drainage area)
Parameter
WNC Mountain Curves
Design
Bankfull Area (Abkf)
198 sq ft
184 sq ft
Bankfull Discharge (Abkf)
1,196 cfs
1,200 cfs
Bankfull Width (Wbkf)
63 ft
58 ft
Bankfull Depth (Dbkf)
3.0 ft
3.2 ft
Bankfull Cross -Sectional Area (y) vs. Drainage Area (x): y = 21.51x06a
Bankfull Discharge (y) vs. Drainage Area (x): y = 100.64x° 76
Bankfull Width (y) vs. Drainage Area (x): y= 19.05x037
Bankfull Mean Depth (y) vs. Drainage Area (x): y = 1.11x031
Units are as depicted in table above.
Source: Harman, W.H. et al. 2000. Bankfull Regional Curves for North Carolina Mountain Streams.
In: Kane, D.L. (Ed.). Proc.
A WRA Conf. Water Resources in Extreme Environments, Anchorage, AK. Pp. 185-190.
Vegetation Assessment
The site was evaluated for existing native and non-native invasive species. The extents and locations of
Japanese knotweed populations were observed to inform management strategies. The primary goal
established through discussion with MountainTrue is to contain knotweed and facilitate native planting
establishment and achieve aesthetic goals of using the site for demonstration. Upstream sources of
knotweed are abundant such that eradication is not a primary goal. Knotweed is well established on the
site, particularly just above the dam on the left bank. The left bank will likely be graded back about 10' in
this area. Knotweed is also present on the rocky bar on the downstream right floodplain below the dam.
Two treatments were performed under the direction of the Design Team in fall, 2023. An additional
treatment is scheduled for spring, 2024, prior to the commencement of construction. Remaining
material will be physically removed and disposed of at an offsite waste facility. Notes have been added
to Phase 1 and Phase 2 sequencing sheets that knotweed should be removed prior to moving underlying
bank material on the site. Follow-up treatments may be scheduled pending sufficient funding for this
activity.
Other invasives were observed including:
o Rosa multiflora- Multiflora rose
o Allaria petiolate - Garlic mustard
o Microstegium vimineum -Japanese stiltgrass
Trees were mapped by the surveyor and using submeter GPS.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Native plants observed on the site included the following woody species:
Native species
Botanical Name
Common Name
Notes
Platanus occidentalis
American sycamore
Aesculus fiava
yellow buckeye
Juglans nigra
black walnut
Carya sp.
hickory sp.
Fagus grandifolia
American beech
Robinia psueudoacacia
black locust
Prunus serotina
black cherry
Crotoegus sp.
hawthorn sp.
Liriodendron tulipifera
tulip tree
Froxinus pennsylvanica
green ash
dead
Sambucus canadensis
common elderberry
Betula lenta
sweet birch
Hammamelis virginiana
witch hazel
Prunus pennsylvanica
pin cherry
Acer rubrum
red maple
Magnolia acuminate
cucumber magnolia
Hypericum sp.
St. John's wort sp.
stream bank
Tsuga canadensis
E hemlock
Salix nigra
black willow
point bars and stream banks
Alnus serrulato
tag alder
point bars
Swido amomum
silky dogwood
point bars
Physocarpus opulifolius
nine bark
point bars and stream banks
The restoration approach will include re-establishing a native plant community at the site in disturbed
areas. To achieve this, the intended approach will include:
■ Live staking and plugs along the streambank
■ Container planting and/or bare root planting in upland areas
■ Native and temporary and permanent cover seed mixes
Many of the species identified onsite, and other species deemed appropriate based on the
physiographic setting and project location, as well as availability from nearby nurseries make up the
proposed planting plan provided in the plans on Sheets 6.0-6.3.
404/401 Permitting Assessment Activities
Jurisdictional determinations were completed for streams and wetlands. Two jurisdictional features are
present on the site, the Wautaga River and UT1, a tributary that comes under Shulls Mill Road on the
left side of the river. No wetlands were identified.
A threatened and endangered (T&E) species pedestrian survey was completed on July 6t" to review the
site for suitable habitat presence/absence for T&E species identified by the USFWS for Watauga County.
No critical habitats were identified but suitable habitat was found for various T&E bat species as well as
green floater mussel; although no known records exist near the project area, or anywhere on the
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Watauga River in recent history. Tree removal is proposed for the dormant season, subject to
construction funding availability. A scoping letter was provided to USFWS on December 81", 2023
summarizing these findings.
Wildlands has been coordinating with NC WRC to develop a suitable sediment management plan that
will adequately protect the downstream hellbender population.
DESIGN
The design approach involves the following primary objectives:
• Remove sediment from the historic impoundment to the anticipated post -removal average bed
level (profile) to significantly reduce downstream sediment movement as compared to
background levels;
• Address ongoing left riverbank erosion through river realignment and restoration of pattern,
dimension and profile to reference dimensions — a bankfull bench feature has been
incorporated where feasible, but the reach is naturally confined;
• During sediment removal and dam removal, plan sequencing that minimizes downstream
sediment transport and turbidity is the primary objective wherever possible;
• Utilize onsite resources where possible to reduce the projects' environmental footprint, cost,
and to improve aesthetics by utilizing native materials, such as rock and soil.
Approximately 350' of river restoration is proposed, starting just above the upstream limits of the first
mid -channel bar and ending at the dam with material placement on the left side of the channel in the
pool.
500' upstream of the dam is a significant grade drop depicted in the photo log. Between that grade drop
and the start of restoration, shallow bedrock on the right side of the river is exposed in the bottom of
the first two pools below the drop. The proposed profile plots on Sheets 2.1-2.2 have the existing
thalweg bed profile and water surface superimposed.
The proposed approach to river restoration is to establish a bed profile that ties from the approximate
elevation of the riffle at the bedrock outcropping at station 3+25 of the proposed alignment to the head
of the pool at the dam, station 6+25 (targeting the existing water surface in the pool as the grade tie in
location). There is an existing drop of nearly 3' at the dam into the pool. Correspondingly, the average
cut of material (depicted on Sheets 2.1-2.2) is approximately 3' and involves the removal of
approximately 1000-1500 CY of material from the riverbed to form a new base level at the targeted pre -
dam level. The range expressed is due to the lack of a clear boundary of what constitutes the riverbed
given the bar formation and braiding of the channel.
The right toe of river channel will be the target tie-in point with no disturbance to the bedrock -
dominated right bank. The channel will be lowered by removing gravel and sand from the bed and
relocating this material to construct the left bank and bench, and to designated spoil areas where
material will be revegetated and capped/protected with larger stone or matting. Placement will be in
low -risk areas that are anticipated to infrequently flood and more likely to be depositional rather than
erosional in form. The left bank of the river will be heavily armored with rock as is typical throughout
this confined reach of the river, and of the right bank which will be left undisturbed. Onsite rock will be
harvested for this purpose and will extend below the proposed bed elevation to protect against minor
bed adjustments, including pool formation. Above this boulder toe, the bank, bankfull bench, and
terrace slope will be seeded with native riparian seed mix and matted. All disturbed areas will receive a
mix of livestaking and container planting/bare roots.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Near the upstream limits of the dam, the channel grading will flare out to the margins of the
downstream pool with limited disturbance to the existing pool proposed. On the right bank, grading will
tie in near the existing dam wall limits. The rock harvesting area further back on the right bank adjacent
to and below the dam will be used as a rock source for the project and waste area for excess sand and
gravel excavated from the river channel and sand and gravel bars. Waste material will be placed against
the hillslope in a low velocity zone and will be seeded and matted and protected with rocky material
where vulnerable to flow.
The area left of the base flow channel will also be used for disposal of river material. Material will not be
placed in the deepest part of the pool but where the pool shallows to approximately S' depth of water.
A rocky ledge will be constructed on the pool side to help provide a stable base for the construction of a
bankfull bench and slope into the higher ground upstream and along the left hillslope. This rock ledge
will also provide habitat for the existing hellbender population.
UT1 will be extended to meet the new left edge of the river channel which will require raising the
channel near its existing downstream limits. UT1 is a small spring -fed stream and will be constructed as
a steep cascade with a boulder structure and fill consisting of gravel and cobble and finer material to fill
voids.
Site access will be from Old Shulls Mill Road. Wildlands will coordinate with NCDOT to determine if any
encroachment agreement is required. No utility conflicts have been identified within the proposed work
area. An overhead utility line below the dam is not anticipated to affect the proposed activities.
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT
A Tier 1 Sediment Evaluation study was
completed for the nearby downstream
Ward Mill Dam, prior to its removal,
which revealed there is no potential for
contaminated sediment within the
watershed. Furthermore, the Shulls Mill
Dam has been breached and only a
small volume of sediment is present in
the former impoundment and this
sediment is thought to mobilize with
storm events.
Geologic Testing and Evaluation
In October, 2023, geotechnical testing
was completed using an excavator to
complete test pits in the historic
impoundment. The purpose of testing
was to understand the composition and
depth of the material. Test pits were
completed both on mid -channel bars
(B), in the backwater channel (A) and in
the right portion of the channel (C) from
upstream (1) to downstream (6).
All holes were dug to approximately T-8' and could not be dug deeper due to cave in of saturated sand
and gravel material. Material was consistently found to be sand, gravel and cobble.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

In test pits B3, B4, and B-C6, a 6"-12" band of organics with partially decomposed leaves was found at
approximately 5' of depth. As there was not a consistent finding of organics at this level, these deposits
are thought to be from shifting sediment in the historic impoundment and intermittent deposition from
storm events.
No boulders or large rock were encountered except at Al. This finding is consistent with geologic
evaluation of hillslope conditions that suggest the convex hillslope topography sheds boulders away
from the historic impoundment area.
The post -project bed level is predicted to reestablish along the profile between shallow bedrock at the
proposed start of river work with an even slope to the downstream head of riffle below the pool below
the dam. This profile is proposed to be graded by river restoration activities involving the removal of
1000-1500 CY of sand, gravel and cobble material to establish the proposed grade.
Diversion of the base flow is proposed during river restoration activities in order to minimize work in the
wet to keep turbidity and downstream sediment transport levels minimized as much as possible. Sheets
4.1-4.4 depict and describe the diversion and river restoration process.
DAM REMOVAL DESIGN AND EVALUATION
Alternatives to Removal
Shulls Mill Dam is an obsolete structure with no known benefits to its remaining on the landscape. The
dam is a barrier to aquatic organism passage, is complicit in on -going erosion of fine sediments from the
left bank, and is a safety and liability concern. The alternative of not removing or partially removing the
dam would not realize the benefits sought to address the opportunities stated above. The risk to aquatic
organisms from the removal phase is being addressed through the removal of upstream sediment from
the historic impoundment to prevent a slug of sediment that could temporarily impact hellbender
nesting and breeding.
Diversion
The historic impoundment is already dewatered but a series of diversion schemes is proposed to divert
base flow away from the active work area. During Phase 2 of the diversion, the right half of the dam
will be removed. A stable platform will be constructed upstream of the dam that does not rely on the
dam foundation for stability. This will allow for full removal of the vertical limits of the dam. This
removal will require special equipment to allow for subsurface use of the hydraulic hammer at depths of
6'-8' or more.
The Dam will be removed using an excavator mounted hydraulic hammer and material will be removed
on the upstream side of the dam where possible, to avoid material falling into the deep pool. A second
excavator will be used, either on land or if necessary, on a second floating platform. Complimentary
methods to hasten the removal process may be further explored during subsequent phases, which
would entail setting charges or using chemically expansive agents within the core of the Dam.
Materials Handling
The materials generated by the Project are discussed below along with their potential fate and how
these may be impacted by logistical or permitting considerations.
Riverine Material from the river channel and mid -channel bars is proposed to be relocated onsite and
where placed, revegetated, and partially or fully capped with larger river cobble and boulder material.
Large gravels may also be suitable for capping areas with limited susceptibility to frequent flows.
Material in the hydraulic shadow of hillslopes and not subject to routine high flows may be matted.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Riverine Material from the left bank is thought to consist of fine depositional material from the historic
impoundment. It may be used as a suitable growth media amendment in the reconstruction of the left
riverbank and bench. Material will be mixed with sand and gravel from the riverbed where possible or
placed in thinner layers near the ground surface to promote revegetation.
Material removed from the Dam is anticipated to have an approximate volume of 1100 CY of rock.
Concrete from the dam may be used in the following two locations on the site, both of which must be
buried and capped:
• Along the left bank through the river restoration reach, including downstream of the dam, when
buried at least 3' below proposed grade and evenly mixed and distributed with other finer
materials. Material must be a minimum of 10' from the proposed river channel toe.
• Within the rock harvesting area on the downstream river right floodplain bar. Material may be
placed to bring the floodplain bar up to the proposed grade. Material should be placed to be at
least 2'-3' below grade and evenly mixed and distributed with other finer materials. Material
must be a minimum of 10' from the proposed river channel toe.
Rebar should be cut from the limits of the concrete demolition using underwater equipment and
methods and then removed from the site. In the vicinity of the middle of the dam, the approximate
depth to the foundation beneath the base flow pool level is anticipated to be 6-8'. The contract will
include a line item and a specification for this activity and a specification will indicate acceptable finished
condition. The target condition will be to remove rebar entirely or else flush with bedrock or the portion
of the dam concrete work to remain. Rebar shall be removed from the Project Site to an appropriate
disposal location for recycling.
Imported stone from the construction entrance shall be left in place unless otherwise directed by the
land owner or project management team. The project team will coordinate the future pull -off proposed
by NCDOT as part of on -going highway plans in determining how to leave the area. If any stone is
imported for other river work or purpose, stone may be buried within banks or rocky bars and should be
covered with native material and buried to prevent re -exposure from river flows.
Safetv Measures and Risk Management
The following safety and risk management activities should be implemented.
• Traffic management and safety,
Safety fence should be placed to block off the work area from existing trails. No boat passage is
anticipated; however, post a sign at the upstream river access entrance facing upstream that
indicates the site is off limits for use.
A sign shall be posted along Shulls Mill Road near the construction entrance or other flat areas that
are currently used for pedestrian access, stating that the site is off limits for use (e.g. DO NOT ENTER
or NO TRESPASSING signs).
Flooding and high-water impacts to worksite shall be considered and pre -storm measures taken
as necessary, including:
o Remove equipment from river channel and bankfull bench areas,
o Remove temporary crossings blocking high flow,
o Reinforce temporary rock levies and coffered off areas to prevent failures,
o Ensure matting is applied to recently graded banks before storms and at the end of each
workday.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

SCHEDULE
The following construction and project schedules are anticipated:
Construction Schedule
Construction Activity
Schedule
Mobilization
Week 1
Access to Rock Harvesting / Diversion Phase 1
Week 1
Rock Harvesting Phase 1
Week 2-3
River Restoration (upstream of UT1)
Week 3
Diversion Phase 2, riverbed grading right side of channel, removal of right
side of dam, closure of rock harvesting area
Week 4-5
Phase 3 river restoration downstream of UT1 left bank, removal of left side
of dam, UT1 restoration
Week 5-6
Site clean-up and demobilization
Week 7-8
Project schedule
Project Activity
Schedule
Tree Clearing
February— March, 2024
Construction
May 1- July 15, 2024
As -Built Survey for Map Revision
August — October, 2024
As -Built & Letter of Map Revision
Q4 2024 - Q1 2025
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS
The project requires 404/401 permitting, FEMA floodplain permitting, and an Erosion and Sediment
Control (ESC) permit. Scoping letters were sent to agencies in November & December, 2023. The
following considerations detail significant aspects of permitting and access.
404/401 Permitting
The Dam and limits of proposed disturbance will require review for NEPA and Section 106 of the
National Historic Preservation Act to evaluate threatened and endangered species and historical and
cultural resources — scoping letters were sent to NEPA and USFWS in late 2023.
On November 10, a scoping letter was sent to NC State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) to request
review and comment on any archeological or cultural resource considerations. Previous study of Shulls
Mill by an architectural historian resulted in a preliminary conclusion that the site would not be eligible
for the National Register of Historic Places. SHPO responded on January 2, 2024, indicating that they
have no concerns or requests related to the project activities as proposed. Based on this response, no
additional evaluation of site resources is anticipated to be required. The Corps of Engineers will be
provided with this information as the lead agency on consultation with Tribal HPO entities.
USFWS concerns are anticipated to center around ME bat species and the project proposes to remove
all trees prior to April 1, 2024 (which is the commencement of seasonal bat moratoria).
404/401 will be required for stream impacts. These are detailed in the pre -construction notification for
which this memo is being prepared. Temporary impacts are proposed to the Watauga River and to UT1
for construction activities, including temporary crossings and proposed restoration work; no wetlands
were identified on the site.
FEMA Floodplain
The Project site is in the 100-year floodplain and requires a floodplain development permit that will be
obtained through Watauga County. A no -rise model, report and certification are being prepared for
submittal (anticipated in January, 2024 with permit by March 2024).
The existing FEMA model for the Watauga River is a HEC-RAS model. The model has been updated for
existing and proposed conditions. The proposed conditions show a reduction in base flood and floodway
water surface elevations as compared to existing conditions. If the reductions in base flood or floodway
elevations exceed 0.1' which will apply at this site, a post -project topographic survey and Letter of Map
Revision (LOMR) is typically required. A LOMR submittal should be anticipated for this project.
Erosion and Sediment Control Permitting
The Project will exceed 1-acre of disturbed acreage and require erosion and sediment control permitting
through NCDEQ-DEMLR. Permitting carries a cost of $100/acre and requires preparation of an erosion
control plan, permit application and specific plan sheets. Permitting will be submitted in February, 2024
in order to obtain permitting coverage by mid -April. A disturbance of >1 acre is anticipated and erosion
control permitting will be required. A trout buffer waiver will also be required.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

NCDOT Encroachment / Coordination
Site access is proposed to traverse NCDOT Right of Way adjacent to SR 1568 Old Shull's Mill Road
(North) and an encroachment agreement is anticipated. NCDOT was contacted on January 4, 2024 to
commence this coordination. It is anticipated that a simple agreement will be required to locate a
construction entrance along the NCDOT-maintained Shulls Mill Road. The request was submitted to the
division office and coordinated with staff. Wildlands will also discuss plans to close the road between
the Copeland driveway and Hwy. 105.
Excerpt from Preliminary NCDOT Plans
PROJECT IMPACT MONITORING AND MITIGATION
Wildlands and MountainTrue will work with NC WRC to identify and coordinate mitigation needs of the
project. Part of the currently scoped project activities include pre- and post -project biological surveys.
Pre -project surveys commenced in summer, 2023, and included the use of Passive Integrated
Transponder (PIT) tags allowing for areas to be resurveyed and tagged animals t be located by a special
antenna if present in the area. Summer 2023 surveys did not locate animals in the pool downstream of
the dam.
After construction is complete, Wildlands will prepare a set of as -built drawings for the completed
project activities. The as-builts will entail redline design plans with notes on any deviation from the
plans, supplemental information and clarifications.
Wildlands will prepare photo documentation at ten photo points and will prepare a list of recommended
post -construction inspection and monitoring activities focused on evaluating bank stability and
documenting any major changes in the bed or banks of the river. The site is proposed to be inspected
after rainfall events exceeding 1" for the first 3 months and quarterly or after flows at or near bankfull
for the remainder of a two-year post -construction monitoring period. Additional monitoring beyond that
date would be on an as -needed basis. Bank and bed changes, including any perceived instability, will be
noted and a management plan prepared to deal with any concerns.
MountainTrue will conduct routine visits, with Wildlands joining to visit the site at least twice in the first
year and once in the second year.
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Figure 1
Project Site Map
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

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Appendix A
Project Permitting (90%) Plans
(Included Separately)
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal — 90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

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Appendix B
Project Photo Log
W Shulls Mill Dam Removal —90% Plans and Permitting
Technical Memorandum

Upstream rock/boulder ledge feature (Ikg. US); sand bar right view is upstream access point; photo taken
from approximate start of river restoration reach
Overhead view (Ikg. IDS) of same location; knotweed on left is being treated; river restoration reach starts
near upstream limits of mid -channel bar visible in foreground

Equipment access route to head of river restoration reach and mid -channel gravel bar access/haul route
Start of river restoration reach (Ikg. IDS); Mid -channel bars to be used as access and haul route; vertical
left bank to be restored to stable slope; right bank with bedrock and boulders to be left intact
Proposed river restoration will slope and revegetate the left riverbank, photo right (Ikg. US)

UT1 confluence will be extended out to meet the realigned river channel (Ikg. US)
View of upper and lower mid -channel bars from left bank; right bank will be left intact and serve as the
right bank of the restored & realigned river channel
Overhead view (Ikg. IDS) of rocky point bar on river right upstream of dam; proposed center of restored
channel will align with left edge of rocky bar

Rocky point bar on river right upstream of dam (Ikg DS); broad but shallow boulder in foreground to be
removed and river channel to be realigned through this bar
Looking at upstream left side of river channel from rocky point bar; the primary river outlet through the
dam is denoted (Ikg. IDS)

Upstream face of dam
Downstream face of dam

Three river flow outlets through breached dam and downstream pool
Downstream pool (Ikg. US); river left side of channel is proposed to be filled with rocky material and is
anticipated to be a natural depositional area post -removal
A rocky ledge will be established on the edge of deeper water to provide hellbender habitat (see next
photo) — rocky fill will be placed upslope of ledge to form a gravelly bankfull bench on river left

Left side of river in pool downstream of dam (Ikg. US); proposed rock ledge to be established for
hellbender habitat along arrows and fill placed upslope; to the right of the arrow closest to the dam, the
lower half of the dam wall will be left intact approximately as shown and rock fill placed to mask it (this
will be the only portion of the dam that is not fully removed)
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Upper half of wall in right foreground to be removed; the purpose of leaving the lower half of the wall is
to contain and protect from headward erosion historic fine-grained deposition behind the dam

Left side of river in pool downstream of dam (Ikg. DS); Note stable downstream riffle grade control that
maintains pool elevation
Right side of river at dam (Ikg. US); this area will be used as a rock harvesting area. Rock will be reused to
stabilize the left riverbank through the river restoration area; excess gravel and sand from bars and river
channel will be brought to this area for disposal, seeding, and capping with larger rock or matting; an
arrow shows the location of foundation remnants at the primary breached/destroyed portion of the
original dam (more photos of this area follow); the fill area will be protected from high flows by the large
boulder knoll

Access to rock harvesting area from rocky point bar; boulders of the size seen in foreground would be
harvested for reuse; area in foreground is location of realigned river restoration channel
Access to rock harvesting area looking back towards river

Rock harvesting area and breached/destroyed portion of dam (footer and rebar in foreground)
Area to right of prior photo

Downstream of foundation remnant in rock harvesting area; after harvesting rock, this area will be filled
with river gravel and sand from mid -channel bars and from material excavated from river channel
Downstream portion of rock harvesting area — area has been heavily scoured by high flows that
circumvent dam on this side through the historic breach. This downstream area only to be harvested as
contingency and provided that large rock can be placed to cap gravel and sand and that exposed areas of
fine material will be revegetated

w 7. ", a , I
d

Looking at Shulls Mill Road from UT1 near UT1 proposed temporary crossing; access from road proposed
in far left of photo
UT1 (Ikg. IDS) taken from just downstream of proposed temporary crossing; tree on UT1 left bank is
priority to be protected and saved

View from left bank; the two adjacent trees on right will be removed to allow for bank grading
.FAQ
View from left bank near UT1; some of trees closer to dam (right portion of view) will be removed to
facilitate transition grading from high depositional terrace to river and downstream pool elevation
View from left bank at UT1; all trees within 10-15' of the existing top of bank will be removed to facilitate
bank restoration and revegetation; trees with arrows not slated for removal

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Left bank near upstream start of river restoration work; knotweed is being treated pre -construction;
trees at back of bench to remain
Hwy 105 (to left) and Shulls Mill Road (to right), dam in center view; remnant concrete wall/buttress into
slope to be removed to approximate grade of slope for safety purposes
Looking towards construction entrance access of Shulls Mill Road (in background) from close to UT1

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