20240027 Ver 1_CAMA Application_20231228

DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
Fnviranmenra! FIELD INVESTIGATION REPORT
QG<)Ilty
1. APPLICANT'S NAME: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
2. LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE: 1 Roosevelt Blvd Pine Knoll Shores, NC 28512
Longitude:-76.83029 Latitude: 34.70013
3. INVESTIGATION TYPE:
4. INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE:
Date of Visit
Purpose of Visit
Applicant Present?
12/15/2023
To walk the shoreline with Native Shoreline personal and other
people involved to see all sites
Yes
5. PROCESSING PROCEDURE:
Application Received
Application Complete
Regional Office
11/19/2023
12/11/2023
1 DCM - Morehead City Regional Office
6. SITE DESCRIPTION:
(A) Local Land Use Plan: Town of Pine Knoll Shores
Land Classification from LUP: Land Classification From LUPs
(B) AEC(s) Involved: Public Trust Areas, Estuarine Waters
(C) Water Dependent: Yes
(D) Intended Use: Public/Government
(E) Wastewater Treatment:
Existing: N/A
Planned: N/A
(F) Type of Structures:
Existing: Living Shorelines, Sill(other), Boat lift, Boat slips, Floating structure,
Pier or dock, Platform
Planned: Sill(other)
(G) Estimated Annual Rate of Erosion:
Erosion Information Source: Annual Erosion Source
7. HABITAT DESCRIPTION:
DREDGED (ft)
FILLED ft2
OTHER (ft)
A Open Water
0
0
0
CW's above NHW
0
0
0
C CW's below NHW
0
0
0
Shallow Bottom
0
21236
0
High Ground
0
0
0
Non -Coastal WL
0
0
0
(E) Total Area Disturbed: 21236 W
(F) Primary Nursery Area: No
(G) Water Classification: SW: Swamp Waters; ORW: Outstanding Resource Waters; SA:
Market Shellfishing, Tidal Salt Water
Open to Shellfishing: Yes
Field Investigation Report: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
DCM Major Permit
Page 11

Field Investigation Report: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
DCM Major Permit
Page 12

8. PROJECT SUMMARY:
The proposed project is for a living shoreline that would be constructed in four sections
totaling 4,214 ft. It would be placed along the sound side of the islands right off the shoreline
of the Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium property.
9. NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION:
The Pine Knoll Shores aquarium project is located at I Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores,
Carteret County.
The property is 12,636,756 square feet in its entirety. The sound side of the property is made
up of areas highland, both 401/404 wetlands along with CAMA wetlands, multiple small
creeks, oyster shell mainly fringing off the edges of the wetlands, and shallow seagrass beds.
The property is cleared in the area of the aquarium, but other than that area, most of the other
areas are wooded or are comprised of the wetland areas previously mentioned. There are a
couple of boards walks along the property with a docking facility located more in the center of
the property. The coastal wetlands are made up of mostly of Distichilis spicata, Juncus
roemerianus, Salicornia bigelovii, Spartina alterniflora, and Spartina patens.
The Division of Water Resources classifies this area as SA, SW, ORW. This area is not
designated as a Primary Nursery Area and is open to the taking of shellfish. Water depths
within this project location are-1'nlw/mlw to -3.5' nlw/mlw depending on location. The
bottom substrate is sand and some SAV were observed within the proposed sill area. A SAV
survey was completed by the applicant. Based on the field site visit and the proposal maps,
most of the areas that the seagrass might overlap with proposed sills, are along the points of the
marsh.
10. PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
The applicant is proposing to install 4,214ft of living shoreline divided into 4 sections. The
sections are Section A or Map 2 (874ft), Section B or Map3 (1,350ft), Section C or Map 4
(300ft), and Section D or Map 5 (1,690ft). According to my calculations the entire sill will total
4,214ft.
Section A or Map 2 is located is the most Western site. The applicant is proposing to install a
living shoreline totaling 874 feet of combination Oyster Catcher and QuickReef. This is
proposed to have 12 sections where within every 100 feet there would be at 5ft gap and in the
location of the gaps there would be a section overlapping. The base width would be 6.7ft. The
landward edge of the sill would be no more than 30ft from Normal High Water. The water
depths in this section range from around -lft to around -3.5ft at NLW.
Section B or Map 3 is located is the second most Western site. The applicant is proposing to
install a living shoreline totaling 1,350 feet of combination Oyster Catcher and QuickReef.
This is proposed to have 17 sections where within every 100 feet there would be at 5ft gap and
in the location of the gaps there would be a section overlapping. The base width would be
6.7ft. The landward edge of the sill would be no more than 30ft from Normal High Water. The
water depths in this section range from around -Ift to around -3.5ft at NLW.
Section C or Map 4 is located is the second most Eastern site. The applicant is proposing to
Field Investigation Report: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
DCM Major Permit
Page 13

install a living shoreline totaling 300 feet of QuickReef. This is proposed to have 3 sections
where within every 100 feet there would be at 5ft gap and in the location of the gaps there
would be a section overlapping. The base width would be 6.7ft. The landward edge of the sill
would be no more than 30ft from Normal High Water. The water depths in this section range
from around -lft to around -3.5ft at NLW. Around the pier in this location there is existing
living shorelines to the east and west of the pier along the marsh edge.
Section D or Map 5 is located is the most Eastern site. The applicant is proposing to install a
living shoreline totaling 1,690 feet of Natrx. This is proposed to have 22 sections where within
every 100 feet there would be at 5ft gap and in the location of the gaps there would be a section
overlapping. The base width would be 6.7ft. The landward edge of the sill would be no more
than 30ft from Normal High Water. The water depths in this section range from around -lft to
around -3.5ft at NLW.
11. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS:
The proposed development would fill and usurp 21,236 ft2 of shallow bottom habitat. There
would be no filling of coastal wetlands or SAV. All portions would be at least 10' from any SAV.
The increase in suspended sediment and turbidity levels from the sill placement would be
temporary, occur while the sill placement is taking place and should be minimal given the bottom
composition. The proposed additions should not be a hindrance to navigation. The proposed
development would also meet the minimum 15' setback from the riparian access lines and not
exceed a maximum distance of 36.7' waterward of NHW (includes base width).
Name: Richard Mahoney Date: 12-22-2023 Office: DCM - Morehead City Regional Office
Field Investigation Report: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
DCM Major Permit
Page 14

Permit Application Report
Application ID
Application Type
Submitted
App Complete
Deadline
Decision
Expiration
PA-1139
DCM Major Permit
11-19-2023
12-11-2023
02-24-2024
Primary Applicant Information
Applicant Type
Title
Business Name
Name
Email
Business Phone
Mobile Phone
Business/Company
North Carolina
North
[e-mail]
9193685237
9193685237
Division of Parks
Carolina
and Recreation
Division of
Parks and
Recreation
Physical Address
Mailing Address
Street 1
City
State
Zip
Street 1
City
State
Zip
1615 Mail Service
Raleigh
North
27699
1615 Mail Service Center
Raleigh
North
27699
Center
Carolina
Carolina
Registered Agent Information
Agent Type
Title
Business Name
Name
Email
Business
Phone
Mobile
Phone
Business/Company
Native
Shorelines
Native
Shorelines
mary-
[e-mail]
252-333-9852
252-333-
9852
Physical Address
Mailing Address
Street 1
City
State
Zip
Street 1
City
State
Zip
1101 Haynes St, Suite
211
Raleigh
North
Carolina
27604
1101 Haynes St, Suite 211
Raleigh
North
Carolina
27604
Project Information
Project Name
Project Type
Disturbed Land Area (Scl Ft/Acres)
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores 2023-24
Living Shorelines
Public/Government
21236 Sq. Ft. / Acres
Is proposed project located in national registered historic district or national register listed/eligible: False
List of previous state or federal permits for work on project tract:
Project Location Information
Address
County
River Basin
Subdivision
County Parcel ID
Latitude
Longitude
1 Roosevelt Blvd Pine Knoll
Shores, NC 28512
Carteret
White Oak
635517111405000
34.70013
-76.83029
Project Discharges to State Waters
Discharge Type
Surface Sanitary
Runoff Wastewater
Industry/Commercial
I Effluent
vessel
Wash Down
Residential
Other
Wastewater/Stormwater Discharged Into Wetland?
Discharge Same Salinity as Receiving Waters
Is There Any Mitigation Proposed
False
False
False
Detailed Description of the Existing Development Located on the Property
Existing Man -Made Features:
The NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores consists of a main building, parking lots, boardwalks, and docks.
Existing Land Uses:
Theodore Roosevelt State Natural Area (TRNA) is managed as a passive recreation area for nature study and education, with no
existing facilities such as picnic areas. Most activities in the natural area consist of hiking, nature study, and photography along the
two nature trails. One trail lies east of the aquarium and north of the entrance road. A trail completed in 1999 extends westward
along a ridge from the aquarium to Bogue Sound. Designation as a Dedicated State Nature Preserve allows for additional trails to be
constructed. The NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores exists within the TRNA and provides educational opportunities for the public. It
consists of a main building, parking lots, boardwalks, and docks.
Existing Wastewater Treatment/Disposal:
The sanitary wastewater system at the Aquarium is a water reclamation system. Wastewater from toilets, sinks and drains is

collected in underground tanks. The wastewater is pumped into filtration tanks where it is filtered through micron membranes. That
effluent is then processed and pumped back into the building as gray water which is used to flush the toilets over and over. Excess
processed wastewater is dripped on the surface in the wooded in the natural area.
Solid Waste/Fish Offal/Trash Disposal:
The Aquarium's solid waste is collected in trash cans and dumpsters. The dumpsters collect both refuse and cardboard for recycling.
Both are separated and collected on regular schedule by our waste contractor GFL. The Aquarium staff has some small scale plastic
recycling in the facility. Plastic bags and wrappers are sent off for recycling to outside contractors.
Use and Daily Operations of the Project When Complete
Proposed Development Purpose:
Living shorelines are proposed to reduce and prevent ongoing erosion of the shoreline.
Buildings/Facilities/Units/Structures:
Use & Daily Operations:
Construction Methodology & Equipment:
See attached project narrative
Development Activities Narrative Specifics:
Application Narrative:
See attached narrative for detailed information. Project synopsis: In total,
4,214 LF of low -profile living shoreline is proposed for construction in four
sections of shoreline at the NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores within the
Theodore Roosevelt Natural Area to ameliorate significant and on -going erosion
concerns. Sections A and B will be low -profile QuickReef and Oyster Catcher
sills; Section C will be low -profile QuickReef sills; and Section D will be
Natrx ExoForms . Sill heights will vary from 0.83 to 2.33 ft with base widths
from 3.0 to 6.67 ft. No fill or discharge of fill material into any wetland or
"waters of the US" is proposed for this project other than the living shoreline
itself which will cover 21,237 square feet of shallow bottom. No continuous
section of living shoreline structure will be longer than 100 LF. With the
exception of one 5-foot overlapping gap in Section B to avoid and minimize SAV
impacts and two 25-foot overlapping gaps (one each in Sections A and C) to
accommodate recreational and educational access, all sections of living
shoreline are proposed to have 10-foot baffled or overlapping gaps to aid with
flushing and aquatic movement while minimizing erosion.
Boat Ramp Development Activity Included: False
Shoreline Stabilization Development Activity Included: False
Living Shoreline Development Activity Included: True
Living Shoreline
Stabilization Type
"Other" Stabilization (Describe)
Type of Material
"Other" Material (Describe)
Living Shoreline
Other
OysterCatcher, QuickReef &
Natrx ExoForms - See attached
project narrative

Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Sheetpile Dimensions
Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Marl Dimensions
Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Granite Dimensions
Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Oyster Dimensions
Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Concrete Dimensions
Length
Width
Avg Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
Max Distance Waterward of NHW/NWL
"Other" Dimensions
4214
6.67
15
25
Has there been erosion in the preceding 12 months
Amt of Erosion (Ft / Past 12 Months)
Source of Erosion Amt Information
True
11
Photographs and georectified images in GIS -
See attached project narrative
Sq Ft of Fill to be Placed Below Water Level
Fill Not Associated with Construction
Type of Fill Material
21,236.88
False
"Other" Fill Material (Describe)
Source of Fill Material
How Will Fill Material be Kept on Site & Erosion Controlled
Will Wetlands be Crossed
Transporting Equipment to Project Site
True
Explain Steps That Will be Taken to Avoid or Minimize
Environmental Impact
See attached project narrative
Piers & Docking Facilities Development Activity Included: False
Excavation Development Activity Included: False
Bridges & Culverts Development Activity Included: False
Oceanfront Erosion Control Development Activity Included: False
Temporary Structures Development Activity Included: False
Utility Crossings Development Activity Included: False
Freestanding Moorings, Buoys & Bird Nesting Poles Development Activity Included: False

Log Removal/Marine Debris Development Activity Included: Yes/No
Navigational Aids Development Activity Included: False
Other Fill Below Water Level Development Activity Included: False
Stormwater Structures Development Activity Included: False
"Upland Development" Development Activity Included: False
Energy Facilities Development Activity Included: False
Aquaculture Development Activity Included: False
Submerged Lands Mining Development Activity Included: False
General Development Activity Details Required
General Development Activity Questions
These questions are applicable if 1 of the following development activities are included in the project
(Boat Ramps, Freestanding Moorings, Buoys & Bird Nesting Poles, Piers & Docking Facilities, Temporary Structures, Living Shorelines,
Shoreline Stabilization Submerged Lands Mining)
Boat Type(s)
Typical Boat Length
Other Boat Type (Describe)
Adj Riparian Property Line #1 (Proximity of
Structure Nearest to Property Line)
Adj Riparian Property Line #2 (Proximity of
I Structure Nearest to Property Line)
Adj Riparian Property Line #3 (Proximity of
Structure Nearest to Property Line)

1380 1
15 1
0
Width of Water Body
Water Depth @ Waterward End of
Structure (NLW or NWL)
Water Depth @ Most Landward
Boat Slip (NLW or NWL)
Water Depth @ Most Waterward
Boat Slip (NLW or NWL)
11643
Navigational
Aids Required
Number of
Buoys
Number of Day
Markers
Min Distance of Each Aid Placed
Beyond Shoreline
Max Distance of Each Aid Placed
Beyond Shoreline
Marina Development Activity Details Required

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PROJECT NARRATIVE
3 December 2023
Project Name & Address: North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores, North Carolina
Owner: State of North Carolina
Contact: Randy Newman, Park Superintendent
252-726-3775, randv.newman4nc ap rks.gov
Non -Profit Project Sponsor: North Carolina Coastal Federation
Contact: April Hall & Lexia Weaver
252-393-8185, a brilhAnccoast.org & lexiawnnccoast.or
Consultant and Contractor: Native Shorelines, a Davey Company
Contact: Mary -Margaret McKinney, Director of Coastal Restoration
252-333-9852, mary-margaret(a nativeshorelines.com

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 2 of 33
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PROJECT SYNOPSIS.............................................................................................................................3
2.0 PROJECT LOCATION............................................................................................................................
3
3.0 PURPOSE AND NEED...........................................................................................................................
3
4.0 PROJECT AREA DESCRIPTIONS........................................................................................................4
4.1 Shoreline Section A...........................................................................................................................
4
4.2 Shoreline Section B...........................................................................................................................
5
4.3 Shoreline Section C...........................................................................................................................
7
4.4 Shoreline Section D (Experimental)..................................................................................................8
5.0 PROPOSED LIVING SHORELINES...................................................................................................
10
5.1 Oyster CatcherTM sills (provided by Sandbar Oyster Company).....................................................11
5.2 QuickReef(x sills.............................................................................................................................11
5.3 Natrx ExoFormsTM...........................................................................................................................12
6.0 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS AND POTENTIAL WOTUS 404 IMPACTS...................................12
7.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION(SAV)................................
14
8.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO PROTECTED SPECIES AND ESSENTIAL FISH HABITATS...........
15
8.1 Protected Species.............................................................................................................................15
8.2 Essential Fish Habitats.....................................................................................................................21
9.0 RECREATIONAL/PUBLIC TRUST ACCESS CONSIDERATIONS.................................................
22
10.0 AVOIDANCE AND MINIMIZATION OF IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS ......................................
22
11.0 MONITORING....................................................................................................................................
23
11.1 Oyster and Other Epibiont Sampling.............................................................................................23
11.2 Marsh and Seagrass Vegetation Sampling.....................................................................................24
11.3 Wave Energy Measurements and Shoreline Change.....................................................................
24
11.4 Motile Fauna Sampling..................................................................................................................24
12.0 REQUEST FOR PERMITTING ACTION AND CERTIFICATIONS ...............................................
25
APPENDIX A - PROJECT MAPS
APPENDIX B - EROSION MAPS
APPENDIX C - SAV SURVEY
APPENDIX D - PROFILE DRAWINGS
APPENDIX E - LIVING SHORELINE MATERIALS SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
APPENDIX F - PROTECTED SPECIES QUERY RESULTS
APPENDIX G - CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS SUPPORTING INFORMATION
APPENDIX H - 401 PRE -FILING MEETING REQUEST

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 3 of 33
1.0 PROJECT SYNOPSIS
In total, 4,214 LF of low -profile living shoreline is proposed for construction to protect 3,878 LF of
shoreline at the NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores within the Theodore Roosevelt Natural Area to
ameliorate significant and on -going erosion concerns. Sections A and B will be low -profile QuickReef*�
and Oyster CatcherTM sills; Section C will be low -profile QuickReef� sills; and Section D will be Natrx
ExoFormsTM. Sill heights will vary from 0.83 to 2.33 ft with base widths from 3.0 to 6.67 ft. No fill or
discharge of fill material into any wetland or "waters of the US" is proposed for this project other than the
living shoreline itself which will cover 21,237 sqft of shallow bottom. No continuous section of living
shoreline structure will be longer than 100 LF. With the exception of one 5-ft overlapping gap in Section
B to avoid and minimize SAV impacts and two 25-ft overlapping gaps (one each in Sections A and C) to
accommodate recreational and educational access, all sections of living shoreline are proposed to have
10-ft baffled or overlapping gaps to aid with flushing and aquatic movement while minimizing erosion.
2.0 PROJECT LOCATION
The North Carolina (NC) Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores (PKS), hereafter "the Aquarium", is located in
Carteret County, North Carolina (NC) within the town limits of Pine Knoll Shores. It is located within the
Theodore Roosevelt Natural Area (TRNA), a 290-acre parcel of primarily maritime forest and salt marsh
on Bogue Sound (Carteret County GIS PIN 6355.17.11.1405000). The TRNA was donated to the State of
NC in 1971 by the grandchildren of President Theodore Roosevelt to be maintained as a nature preserve
and used for nature and wildlife education and estuarine studies. The TRNA is jointly managed by the
Aquarium and Fort Macon State Park, located eight miles to the east in Atlantic Beach, NC.
3.0 PURPOSE AND NEED
In July 2022, the NC General Assembly (NCGA) allocated "$6,500,000 to the Department of Natural and
Cultural Resources to provide a directed grant to the North Carolina Coastal Federation, Inc., a nonprofit
corporation, for living shoreline work at Hammocks Beach State Park, Black Duck Island on the Oregon
Inlet, Fort Macon State Park, and Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium" (NC House Bill 103 / SL 2022-74A
§5.4(a)2.2(5)). After extensive review of the shoreline and consultations between NC State Parks (NCSP)
staff, the North Carolina Coastal Federation (Federation), researchers at East Carolina University (ECU)
and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute for Marine Sciences (UNC IMS), and living
shoreline contractors, four shoreline sections at the Aquarium totaling 3,878 linear feet (LF) have been
proposed for living shoreline stabilization (Appendix A). As can be seen in the attached mapping
prepared by Brandon Puckett and Camille Steenrod of NOAA (Appendix B), many parts of this
shoreline have experienced significant erosion over the last several decades. Between 1981 and 2020,
most area have experienced erosion rates of 0.5 meters/year (m/yr; 1.6 feet/year (ft/yr)) with some areas
retreating as much as 3.0 m/yr (9.8 ft/yr). At one location, shoreline retreat exceed 3.4 m/yr (11.2 ft/yr)
over this time period for a total shoreline retreat of over 300 ft. As such, this stabilization is necessary
and prudent to protect this high -value natural area.
As a primary purpose of the TRNA is estuarine research, a variety of materials and material
configurations are proposed for this living shoreline and multiple university research projects are planned

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 4 of 33
to study these installations. As stated in one of several grant proposals to fund this research, "nature -based
engineering approaches (e.g., "living shorelines"), are known to reduce erosion, exhibit resistance to
storm damage, and enhance ecological functions, including serving as habitat for marine organisms .... A
growing variety of commercially available materials that vary by substrate type, interstitial space, height
in relation to mean high water, and slope at the interface with the water are being utilized in construction
of living shorelines. However, research evaluating how living shoreline design and substrate choice
contribute to coastal protection and ecological function has lagged behind implementation." The living
shorelines proposed for the Aquarium will be studied to help answer these questions.
4.0 PROJECT AREA DESCRIPTIONS
Each shoreline section proposed for stabilization is described below. Please note that lengths throughout
Section 4 refer to the length of shoreline being protected, not the length of structure proposed. Shoreline
photos, proposed living shoreline footprint, and SAV survey data can also be viewed online at
https://arcR.is/liaabn0. All sections are located within Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW).
4.1 Shoreline Section A
Shoreline Section A is 785 ft long and is the southwestern -most portion of the living shoreline proposed
at the Aquarium (Maps 1 and 2, Appendix A). The adjacent riparian property owner is the Beacon's
Reach Master Association, located southwest of the Aquarium. At its proposed location, Section A
maintains a distance of approximately 1,380 LF from the shared property line with Beacon's Reach. The
marsh shoreline in Section A is in direct need of stabilization and restoration due to ongoing erosion as
can be seen in Photos 1 through 4 (page 5). Brandon Puckett (NOAA) calculated erosion rates along the
Aquarium shoreline from 1981 to 2020 (Appendix B). Erosion in this section of shoreline averaged
between 0.07 and 1.0 m/yr (0.2 and 3.3 ft/yr) between 1981 and 2020. A submerged aquatic vegetation
(SAV) survey was conducted 10 and 11 July 2023 by Federation and Native Shorelines' staff and is
summarized below (see also Appendix A, Map 2 and Appendix Q.
• The estuarine bottom including and surrounding the footprint of the proposed living shoreline in
Section A is characterized by sand flats.
• Scattered degraded oyster shell beds exist throughout the area, but few to no live oysters remain.
Live oysters were observed along the marsh edge on southwestern -most transect (Transect A1)
and the fourth transect moving northeast (A4) at 10 percent (%) cover and 1% cover respectively
(Appendix Q.
• Macroalgae was observed at 10% cover along the marsh edge at transect A5.
• Halodule wrightii (shoal grass) was observed at 3% cover 30 ft from the marsh edge and 95%
cover 45 ft from the marsh edge on transect A5. This transect is at the very terminus of the
Section A living shoreline and the observed SAV is waterward of the proposed structure.
• No other SAV or macroalgae was observed within 60 ft of the marsh edge in Section A during the
survey. Our survey data confirms the NC DENR SAV mapping available for this portion of
Bogue Sound (also shown on Appendix A, Map 2). To the maximum extent practicable, no
portion of the living shoreline in Section A will be placed on, near (within 10 ft), or seaward of
SAV.

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 5 of 33
Photos 1 - 4. Shoreline condition - Section A, NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores, October 25, 2023.
4.2 Shoreline Section B
Shoreline Section B is 1,206 ft long and is located northeast of Section A (Appendix A, Maps 1 and 3).
As with Section A, this marsh shoreline is in direct need of stabilization and restoration due to ongoing
erosion as can be seen on the attached erosion maps (Appendix B) and in Photos 5 through 8 (page 6).
Measured erosion in this section averaged between 0.6 and 1.4 m/yr (2.0 to 4.6 ft/yr) between 1981 and
2020. A SAV survey was conducted 10 and 11 July 2023 by Federation and Native Shorelines' staff and is
summarized below (see also Appendix A, Map 3 and Appendix Q.
• The estuarine bottom including and surrounding the footprint of the proposed living shoreline in
Section B is characterized by sand flats except where oysters occur, at which locations the bottom
is muddy.
• Scattered degraded oyster shell beds exist throughout the area, with patches of living oysters
along the marsh edge. Live oysters were observed on four of the five transects in this section
along the marsh edge and/or within 10 ft of it:
o B 1 - 95% cover at 0 ft, 1% cover 10 ft;
o B3 - 40% cover at Oft, 20% cover at 10 ft;
o B4 - 1 % cover at 0 ft; and

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 6 of 33
o B5 - 70% cover at 0 ft from the marsh edge.
• No macroalgae was observed in this section within 60 ft of the marsh edge.
• Scattered Halodule wrightii was observed along four of five transects in Section B but primarily
30 to 60 ft from the marsh edge:
o B 1 - 5% cover at 30ft, 1% cover at 60 ft;
o B3 - l% cover at 45 ft and 60 ft;
o B4 - 50% cover at 10 ft, 95% cover at 45 ft, and 5% cover at 60ft; and
o B5 - 1% cover at 10 ft and 80% cover at 60 ft from the marsh edge.
• No other SAV or macroalgae was observed within 60 ft of the marsh edge in this area during the
survey. Our survey data confirms the NC DENR SAV mapping available for this portion of the
Bogue Sound (also shown on Appendix A, Map 3). To the maximum extent practicable, no
portion of the living shoreline in Section B will be placed on, near (within 10 ft), or seaward of
SAV There is one location of the proposed footprint concurrent with SAV transect B4 where SAV
was observed at 50% cover 10 feet from the marsh edge. At this location, the living shoreline will
be placed against the marsh edge to avoid any potential SAV impacts.
Photos 5 - 8. Shoreline condition - Section B, NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores, October 25, 2023.

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 7 of 33
4.3 Shoreline Section C
Shoreline Section C is 323 ft long and is located northeast of Section B and southwest of the PKS
Aquarium dock (Appendix A, Maps 1 and 4). Section C's northeastern terminus is at the southwestern
terminus of the existing granite sill by the Aquarium dock. As with Sections A and B, this marsh
shoreline is in direct need of stabilization and restoration due to ongoing erosion as can be seen on the
attached erosion maps (Appendix B) and in Photos 9 and 10, below. Measured erosion in this section
averaged between 0.03 and 3.4 m/yr (0.1 and 11.2 ft/yr) between 1981 and 2020.
A SAV survey was conducted 10 and 11 July 2023 by Federation and Native Shorelines' staff and is
summarized below (see also Appendix A, Map 4 and Appendix Q.
• The estuarine bottom including and surrounding the footprint of the proposed living shoreline in
Section C is characterized by sand flats.
• As with Section B, scattered degraded oyster shell beds exist throughout the area, with patches of
living oysters along the marsh edge. Live oysters were observed at 80% cover along the marsh
edge on transect C 1 and 5 % percent 10 ft from the marsh edge on C2.
• No macroalgae was observed in this section within 60 ft of the marsh edge.
• Scattered Halodule wrightii was observed along both transects in Section C but only 30 to 60 ft
from the marsh edge:
o CI - 50% cover at 45 ft, 95% cover at 60 ft, and
o C2 - 1% cover at 30 ft from the marsh edge.
• No other SAV or macroalgae was observed within 60 ft of the marsh edge in this area during the
survey. Our survey data confirms the NC DENR SAV mapping available for this portion of the
Bogue Sound (also shown on Appendix A, Map 4). There is one location of the proposed
footprint concurrent with SAV transect B4 where SAV was observed at 50% cover 10 feet from
the marsh edge. At this location, the living shoreline will be placed against the marsh edge to
avoid any potential SAV impacts.
• To the maximum extent practicable, no portion of the living shoreline in Section C will be placed
on or near (within 10 ft) existing SAV.
Photos 9 & 10. Shoreline condition -Section C, NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores,October 25, 2023.

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 8 of 33
4.4 Shoreline Section D (Experimental)
Shoreline Section D is 1,564 ft long and is located northeast of Section C and southwest of the Town of
Pine Knoll Shores' living shoreline (Appendix A, Maps 1 and 5). The northeastern terminus of Section D
approaches the shared property line with the Town. An oyster shell bag living shoreline constructed in
2021 begins on the Town property 15 ft north of the property line (CAMA GP 2700 78874C). As with
Sections A, B, and C, this marsh shoreline is in direct need of stabilization and restoration due to ongoing
erosion as can be seen on the attached erosion maps (Appendix B) and in Photos 11 through 14 below.
Measured erosion in this section averaged between 0.08 and 1.2 m/yr (0.3 and 3.9 ft/yr) between 1981 and
2020.
}
f�
Photos 11 -14. Shoreline condition - Section D, NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores, October 25,
2023.
SAV surveys of this area were conducted by Federation and Native Shorelines' staff on 10 and 11 July
2023 and by Dr. Rachel Gittman's lab on 10 July 2023 and are summarized below (see also Appendix A,
Map 5 and Appendix Q.
• The estuarine bottom including and surrounding the footprint of the proposed living shoreline in
Section D is characterized by sand flats.

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 9 of 33
• As with Sections B and C, scattered degraded oyster shell beds exist throughout the area, with
patches of live oysters along the marsh edge. Live oysters were observed as follows:
o D1 - 75% cover at 0 ft and 10 ft,
o D2 - 10% cover at 10 ft,
o D4 - 75% at 0 ft, and
o D5 - 5% at Oft from the marsh edge
• No macroalgae was observed in this section within 60 ft of the marsh edge.
• As detailed below and in Appendix C, no SAV was observed in Section D closer than 10 ft from
the marsh edge. Scattered Halodule wrightii was observed within Section D but typically 16 to 95
ft from the marsh edge; Ruppia maritima was observed along one transect (GittmanTI) 46 and 62
ft from the marsh edge; and Zostera marina was observed along three transects (Gittman T1, T2
and T3) 49 to 85 ft from the marsh edge.
Table 1. Observed SAV - Section D, NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores, July 2023.
Species & Percent Cover at Distance from Marsh Edge, Aquarium LS Section D
Transect
Halodule wrightii
Ruppia maritima
Zostera marina
1% at 30ft
D1
5% at 45ft
10% at 20ft
D2
1% at 30ft
15 to 25% at 46ft
1 to 2% at 75ft
GittmanTl
75 to 95% at 75, 82, 85 & 89ft
5 to 10% at 62ft
0.1 to 1% at 79ft
0.1to 1% at 10, 16 & 33ft
15 to 25% at 79 & 92ft
GittmanT2
—
0.1 to 1% at 85ft
50 to 75% at 82ft
10 to 15% at 95ft
D5
1% at 20ft
—
—
0. 1 to 1% at 16 & 23ft
15 to 25% at 26 & 52ft
Gittman T3
—
0.1 to 1% at 49ft
50 to 75% at 49, 89, 92, 95 & 98ft
5 to 10% at 56 & 59ft
D6
1% at 10 & 30ft
—
—
• No other SAV or macroalgae was observed within 60 ft of the marsh edge in this area during the
survey. Our survey data confirms the NC DENR SAV mapping available for this portion of the
Bogue Sound (also shown on Appendix A, Map 4).
• The proposed alignment in this section comes close to SAV observed at two locations and
towards the northern terminus SAV was observed at 1 % cover landward of the proposed structure.
If SAV occurs landward of the proposed alignment at any point during construction, the living

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 10 of 33
shoreline will be moved landward of the SAV wherever practicable. A 10-foot buffer will also be
maintained between the edge of the structure and any SAV.
5.0 PROPOSED LIVING SHORELINES
The proposed conceptual plan for living shorelines along Aquarium shoreline Sections A through D
includes construction of low -profile offshore sills (Maps 2 through 5, Appendix A; Profile Drawings,
Appendix D) as detailed in Table 2 below. In total, 4,214 LF of low -profile living shoreline is proposed
for construction. Sections A and B will be low -profile QuickReef� and Oyster CatcherTM sills; Section C
will be low -profile QuickReef� sills; and Section D will be Natrx ExoFormsTM. Sill heights will vary
from 0.83 to 2.33 ft with base widths from 3.0 to 6.67 ft. No fill or discharge of fill material into any
wetland or "waters of the US" is proposed for this project other than the living shoreline itself which will
cover 21,237 square feet (sgft) of shallow bottom.
• No continuous section of living shoreline structure will be longer than 100 LF.
• Section A has six 10-foot baffled gaps and one 25-foot overlapping gap (the latter to
accommodate recreational & educational access).
• Section B has eleven 10-foot baffled or overlapping gaps and one 5-foot overlapping gap (the
later to avoid and minimize SAV impacts at that location);
• Section C has one 10-foot overlapping gap and one 25-foot overlapping gap to accommodate
recreational and educational access; and
• Section D has fourteen 10-foot baffled or overlapping gaps (Maps 2 through 5).
The waterward edge of each length of living shoreline will be marked at 50-foot intervals with yellow
reflectors on PVC poles extending at least 3 ft above normal high water and will be maintained by the
Park for the life of the structure.
Table 2. Proposed living shorelines - NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores
(OC OysterCatcherTM, QR QmckReel , N Natrx ExoFormsTM)
Shoreline
Offshore Sill
Structure
Total Structure
Maximum
Section
Length
Length
Basewidth
Footprint
Structure Height
OC: 460 LF
5.0 FT
2,300.00 SQ FT
1.5 FT
A785
LF
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
QR: 414 LF
6.67 FT
2,761.38 SQ FT
2.0 FT
OC: 690 LF
5.0 FT
4,602.30 SQ FT
1.5 FT
B1,206
LF
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
QR: 660 LF
6.67 FT
4,402.20 SQ FT
2.0 FT
C
323 LF
QR: 300 LF
6.67 FT
2,001.00 SQ FT
2.0 FT
D
1,564 LF
N: 1,690 LF
3.0 FT
5,170.00 SQ FT
2.33 FT
Total
3,878 LF
4,214 LF
21,236.88 SQ FT

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 11 of 33
The footprint and center height of each proposed material varies as shown in Table 2, the maps in
Appendix A, and the Profile Drawings in Appendix D. The offshore sills will typically be exposed at low
tide and submerged at high tide. Information on each material is detailed below. Referenced exhibits can
be found in Appendix E.
5.1 Oyster Catcher TM sills (provided by Sandbar Oyster Company-)
Oyster CatcherTM (OC) is a line ofproprietary, patented/patent pending oyster reef construction elements
produced exclusively by Sandbar Oyster Company (SOC). OC is a composite of two materials: jute cloth
(the structural element) hardened with cements. Our ability to shape the cloth after soaking in a cement
slurry allows production of a variety of structurally -diverse, reef -building modules. For the NC Aquarium
Pine Knoll Shores (PKS) living shoreline project, OC sills will be constructed with the "Table" and
"Pillow " OC forms (SOC Figures I and 2, profile and plan views, respectively, Appendix E). OC Tables
(2 ft in L, W, and H) offer exceptional reef design versatility. Table tops can be fully closed or open, the
latter allowing legs of one Table to run through the tops of Tables beneath, thereby interlocking them for
enhanced positional and structural stability. The interlocking Table reef design with rows of Pillows
beneath the Tables will be used in this project. SOC Figure 3 offers views of OC projects using a range of
diverse reef designs (Appendix E).
The surfaces of OC elements are deeply textured making them highly attractive to oyster larvae and
protective refugia for young oysters (SOC Figure 4, top row inset, Appendix E). The rough surface of
Table legs also acts to lock Tables in place once the legs are partially sunk into bottom sediments. The
interlocking of Tables and the totality of sediment -embedded Table legs creates multiple anchoring points,
yielding exceptionally resilient reefs, even in high energy environments. The initial open space of Table
reef frameworks rapidly infills as oysters grow on and among Tables and Pillows (SOC Figure 4,
Appendix E), thereby further enhancing the structural resilience of OC-based reefs and creating the
volumetric bulk of OC reefs overtime. The ability to elevate OC reef frameworks slight off -bottom also
appears to decrease oyster mortality and enhance their growth rates. The inset picture in SOC Figure 4
(middle row inset) shows the dense oyster community that develops on the undersides of Tables, which
over time, fills in the space between the bottom of the Tables and sediment surface. Robust oyster
recruitment and growth is key for the success of OC reefs; therefore, great care is taken to ensure OC is
used for sill/revetment creation in areas of reliably high oyster recruitment (as is the case for the PKS
Aquarium; SOC Figure 4 top row, Appendix E) and that OC reef frameworks are positioned within the
optimal growth zone for oysters', which in high salinity waters (again, the case for the PKS Aquarium) is
generally between the MLW and MSL marks. Oyster Catcher TM sills at the Aquarium will have a
bottom width of 5.0 ft and a maximum height of 0.83 to 1.5 ft.
5.2 uickReefl� sills
QuickReef° units are composed primarily of natural calcium carbonate materials sourced from the Clarks
Quarry less than 50 miles from the Aquarium and recycled oyster shells. The units are arranged in the
intertidal zone in a patent -pending arrangement to both attenuate wave energy and enhance both motile
' Ridge, J. T., Rodriguez, A. B., Joel Fodrie, F., Lindquist, N. L., Brodeur, M. C., Coleman, S. E., Grabowski, J. H.,
& Theuerkauf, E. J. (2015). Maximizing oyster -reef growth supports green infrastructure with accelerating sea -level
rise. Scientific Reports, 5, 14785. https://doi.or�--/10.1038/sreDI4785

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 12 of 33
and sessile fauna habitats. QuickReef° has been shown to recruit oysters quickly and will be an ideal
substrate for the oyster -rich waters at the Aquarium. Example QuickReef® living shorelines are shown in
Appendix E. QuickReef6 sills at the Aquarium will have a bottom width of 6.67 ft and center height
of 2.0 ft.
5.3 Natrx ExoFormsTM
Natrx is a proven leader in providing nature -based, habitat -specific coastal resilience and
marine infrastructure solutions that perform better and are more cost effective than traditional coastal
construction techniques. Our patented Dry Forminem process is a breakthrough approach to providing
sustainable, eco positive coastal infrastructure resilience that can be tailored to individual site
requirements through advanced manufacturing techniques. ExoFormsrM are versatile and naturalistic
structures that are high-performance, habitat -specific, and ecopositive. Natrx founders and employees
have over twenty publications on living shoreline and coastal engineering techniques and five issued
patents for advanced nature -based coastal protection, and have deployed over 100, 000 tons of biogenic
living shoreline solutions in the past 15 years. Ingredients proposed for the ExoFormsrM for his project
are Portland cement, clean sand, and water No rebar is proposed. No environmentally deleterious
chemicals will be included. Natrx ExoFormsTM sills at the Aquarium will have a bottom width of 3.0
ft and a height of 2.33ft.
6.0 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS AND POTENTIAL WOTUS 404 IMPACTS
Well -planned logistics are essential on this project to both protect the fragile natural ecosystems at the site
and ensure a safe and efficient installation. The gravel path behind the Aquarium is the optimal location
for staging the site due to its central location along the proposed shoreline. Prior to staging, the path will
be top -dressed with gravel and overlain with plywood to build a continuous road from the parking lot
behind the Aquarium to the dock. Tree protection fencing will be placed around any sensitive plants
identified by the Aquarium staff. At the end of the project, the path will be re -dressed with a material of
the Aquarium's choosing and left in a condition better than at project start. As a key water intake pipe is
located under the path, we will work with Aquarium staff to have enough pipe with couplings on -site and
staged to make an emergency bypass of the intake pipe in the event of a leak. An area in the rear of the
Aquarium parking lot will be designated for large trucks to unload pallets of materials. All pallets will be
unloaded before or after Aquarium opening hours. Pallets will be moved from the parking lot to a grass
staging area via the staff driveway.
A marsh staging area will be permitted and constructed at the end of the path (see WOTUS 404 resource
evaluation item 43 below). This will include:
• permitting a 10-foot wide temporary impact "zone" across coastal wetlands from the end
of the path to the existing granite sill,
• relocating a 10-foot section of the granite sill and oysters in this area,
• building a 10-foot wide temporary loading dock with log mats from the end of the path to
the sound that can accommodate repeated trips with machinery to the barges for loading,
and

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 13 of 33
• erecting signage to explain the project.
We anticipate construction of QuickReefE� and Natrx ExoFormsTM portions of the project to take two
months, weather permitting. QuickReef� and Natrx ExoFormsTM will be loaded onto barges at the
temporary staging area and moved to the restoration areas and placed strategically for shoreline
construction. Pallets will be picked up on separate barges post installation and reused for other shoreline
projects. It is anticipated that 100 to 400 feet of shoreline can be completed per day so all equipment and
personnel will be in and out of the area quickly, causing minimum disturbance to aquatic and terrestrial
flora and fauna.
A WOTUS 404 resource evaluation for the construction logistics was conducted by Alex Baldwin, LSS,
PWS of Restoration Systems on 10 October 2023. The Project Study Area (PSA) included three separate
areas which were all evaluated for WOTUS 404 resources and include the following:
1. Parking Lot (Unloading Area) — The parking lot for the Aquarium is paved and does not
include any WOTUS 404 resources.
2. Grass Storage Area (Staging/Storage Area) — The grass storage area is actively being used by
the Aquarium to store materials. No WOTUS 404 resources were observed within the grass
storage area.
3. Construction Access to Loading Area — The construction access to the loading area consists
of three different segments:
a. The first segment is an existing gravel driveway from the parking lot to the Aquarium's
pier. The driveway is approximately 10 to 12 ft wide and is maintained regularly to
transport patrons and equipment to the pier for water access. None of the existing gravel
driveway contains WOTUS 404 resources. A small area at the western end of the gravel
driveway needs to be further evaluated with regards to CAMA regulations.
b. The second segment is a 10-ft wide transect that runs parallel to the pier. This segment of
the construction access is a CAMA regulated resource.
c. The last segment of the access is a 10-foot wide section of an existing granite sill. This
last segment of the construction access is also a CAMA regulated resource.
Appendix G includes two figures (one aerial image background and one QL2 Lidar background) showing
the PSA associated with the Construction Access to Loading Area and photos showing the Construction
Access to Loading area with the corresponding locations shown on the maps.
Oyster CatcherTM Tables and Pillows will be delivered to the Aquarium loaded on flat-bed trailers and in
beds of pick-up trucks. If construction occurs during the spring and summer months, SANDBAR will also
utilize the temporary marsh staging area for OysterCatcherTM Tables and Pillows. If construction occurs
during the fall and winter months, pickup trucks pulling a trailer will be driven to the head of the dock
access path and from there loaded onto large -wheel hand carts. The carts will be walked down the path
and to the end of the dock, where the Tables and Pillows (each weighing —25 pounds) will be loaded onto
flat -bottom skiffs/Jon boats (22 ft or less) at high tides. The cart -to -boat transfer at the end of the dock
will ensure the boats do not impact seagrass beds located closer to shore. Materials would be transported
outside of Aquarium hours and positioned along one edge of the dock so as not to block access.

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 14 of 33
Regardless of season of installation, loaded boats will motor offshore of the seagrass beds to the Oyster
Catcher TM sill sites. When the boats are offshore of each of the two OysterCatcherTM sill construction
sections, their motors will be turned off and the boats walked to shore via temporary pathways marked
with temporary 3/4-inch diameter PVC posts delineating areas devoid of seagrass beds or where the density
of seagrass is low. Once immediately adjacent to the sill construction areas, the Pillows and Tables will be
offloaded onto sand -covered bottom. Once offloaded, the boats will be walked back out beyond the
seagrass beds and then motored back to the dock to pick up another load of Tables and Pillows.
SANDBAR conservatively estimates 14 non-consecutive days (not likely as a single block of days) will
be needed to move all Tables and Pillows to the sill building sites. Ideally, these moves would be made on
multiple consecutive days with daytime high tides. On the lower tides of these material transport days,
SANDBAR will likely also have installation crews working to construct sills/baffles as soon as possible
after the materials are delivered to the sites. If there is a lag between the timing of the delivery of Tables
and Pillows to the shoreline and when conditions allow sill construction, the Pillows and Tables will be
stored over sand bottoms with Tables (single or spiral stacked) corralling Pillows to hold them in place.
This in -water storage arrangement has proven to be resilient against wave/boat wake disturbances.
Once all Tables and Pillows are staged along the Oyster CatcherTM sill sites, installation crews will work
during weather and low -tide permitting times. With appropriate weather and tides, SANDBAR anticipates
complete installation of the Oyster CatcherTM sills within 6 weeks after deliveries commence. Photos and
maps of the proposed Oyster CatcherTM sill installation methods are also included in Appendix G.
7.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO SUBMERGED AOUATIC VEGETATION (SAV)
Recent conversations with resource and regulatory agencies have focused on the potential impacts of
living shorelines on SAV and SAV habitats. Coastal scientists are interested in this topic and are working
to shine light on the relationships between marshes, erosion and living shorelines with SAV. Notably,
Sanford and Goa (2018) found that when marshes erode or are drowned by rising sea levels, they become
a source of sediment that can negatively impact SAV' As such, stopping marsh erosion and loss could be
of benefit to SAV populations.
To quantify long-term impacts of living shorelines on SAV and SAV habitat, Palinkas et al. (2023) studied
eight living shorelines in the mesohaline Chesapeake Bay ranging in age from 9 to 13 years old (installed
between 2004 and 2008, studied in 2017 and 2018)3. They chose "four living shorelines with persistent
SAV beds adjacent to the shoreline before installation and four living shorelines without SAV before
installation ... along with observations at nearby reference (unaltered) shorelines." Their results showed
the following:
• "In general, shoreline erosion continued at or above historical rates at reference shorelines, but
living shoreline installation builds shorelines seaward and results in net shoreline accretion."
2 Sanford, L. P., & Gao, J. (2018). Influences of Wave Climate and Sea Level on Shoreline Erosion Rates in the
Maryland Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries and Coasts, 41(1), 19-37. hops://doi.org/10.1007/sl2237-017-0257-7
s Palinkas, C. M., Bolton, M. C., & Staver, L. W. (2023). Long-term performance and impacts of living shorelines in
mesohaline Chesapeake Bay. Ecological Engineering, 190, 106944. https:Hdoi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.106944

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 15 of 33
• "[Ljiving shoreline installation does not cause systematic changes to the subtidal habitat in
adjacent waters, with post -installation sediment characteristics being closely linked to
pre -installation conditions."
• "Living shoreline installation does not cause systematic changes to SAV distributions. Rather,
SAV distributions at individual sites followed regional trends likely driven by water quality. "
• "Sediment and nutrient burial in the coastal zone, which includes both intertidal marsh and
subtidal SAV habitats, was highest for living shorelines due to the addition of marsh
habitat... While this study did not consider direct replacement of SAV with living shorelines,
these results suggest that discouraging living shoreline installation in areas with SAV may miss an
opportunity to enhance nutrient burial in the coastal zone."
• "This study identified many areas ripe for future research such as changes as living shorelines
mature, impacts on downstream intertidal and subtidal environments, and studies in areas with
denser and more persistent SAV, though the latter is limited by current regulations that discourage
living shorelines near SAV"
As discussed in Section 4.0 Project Area Descriptions and the SAV Survey (Appendix C), SAV, when
present within 30 ft of the marsh edge, was patchy and sparse (less than 5 percent cover) within 30 feet of
shore at all but 3 locations (50% cover 10 ft from at the marsh edge on B4, 20% cover 20 ft from the
marsh edge on D2, and 15 to 25% cover 26 ft from the marsh edge on Gittman T3).
As shown on the maps in Appendix A, no portion of the living shoreline will be placed on, near (within
]Oft), or seaward of existing SAV whenever practicable. There is one location of the proposed footprint
concurrent with SAV transect B4 where SAV was observed at 50% cover 10 feet from the marsh edge. At
this location, the living shoreline will be placed against the marsh edge to avoid any potential SAV
impacts.
Based upon these findings and the scientific research discussed above, the proposed living shoreline is
not anticipated to negatively affect SAV populations or habitats long-term.
8.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO PROTECTED SPECIES AND ESSENTIAL FISH HABITATS
Queries regarding the presence/absence of federally listed threatened and endangered species and their
critical habitats regulated under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as well as essential fish habitats
(EFH) along the proposed living shoreline alignments were performed and informal biological opinions
have been developed for listed species as needed.
8.1 Protected Species
The shapefile for the proposed living shoreline alignment was uploaded to both the National NMFS ESA
Critical Habitat Mapper and the USFWS iPaC Mapper applications on 31 July 2023 and for a query of the
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database on 3 August 2023.

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 16 of 33
The NMFS ESA Critical Habitat Mapper produced 0 results. There is shading on the map, but it is a
proposed critical habitat, not currently designated critical habitat. This is proposed foraging/resting habitat
for the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) (Appendix F).
The USFWS iPaC Mapper revealed two federally listed mammals, one proposed mammal, four listed
birds, one delisted bird protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) and the
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), five listed reptiles (one for similarity of appearance only), one
candidate insect, and one flowering plant that could be potentially affected at the project location (Table
3 and Appendix F). The query found no critical habitats in the proposed project location. Information
for each iPaC Mapper Indicated Potential Species is provided on the following pages. Our informal
biological evaluation is that the proposed project will have No Effect on threatened and endangered
species or their critical habitat. The Aquarium's Natural Resource Inventory Database (NRID) is
publicly available via the NC State Park System's webpage at www.ncl2arks.gov and consists of
submissions by park biologists and park rangers since 2000, including known historical records prior to
that date. All information below regarding documented occurrences of species at the Aquarium comes
from the Aquarium NRID and personal communication with Randy Newman, Park Superintendent. Data
in the NRID tables were supplemented by natural community surveys of the TRNA conducted by John
Fussell and provided by Dr. Carol Price.
Table 3_ Results from unloading nronosed nroiect alignment to ITSFWS iPgC manner annlication
Critical
Critical
Habitat Occurs
Habitat
Within Project
Scientific Name
Common Name
Federal Status
Designated
Footprint
M otis se tentrionalis
northern long-eared bat
endangered
No
--
Perim otis sub avus
tricolored bat
proposed endangered
No
--
Trichechus manatus
West Indian manatee
threatened
Yes
No
Laterallus lamaicensis
Eastern black rail
threatened
No
--
Charadrius melodus
piping plover
threatened
Yes
No
Calidris canutus ru a
red knot
threatened
Proposed
--
Picoides borealis
red -cockaded woodpecker
endangered
No
--
Haliaeetus
delisted due to recovery,
leucocephalus
bald eagle
protected under BGEPA
No
--
& MBTA
Alligator
American alligator
similarity of appearance
No
--
mississippiensis
threatened
Chelonia m das
green sea turtle
threatened
Yes
No
Le idochel s kem ii
Kem 's Ridley sea turtle
endangered
Proposed
--
Dermochel s coriacea
leatherback sea turtle
endangered
Yes
No
Caretta caretta
loggerhead sea turtle
threatened
Yes
No
Lysimachia
rough -leaved loosestrife
endangered
No
--
as erulae olia
8.1.1 iPaC Listed Mammals
Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis)
No critical habitat has been designated for the northern long-eared bat. Primarily a terrestrial species,
the northern long-eared bat is not known to utilize the intertidal area for any part of its lifecycle. It has

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 17 of 33
never been documented at the Aquarium, and the NCNHP report lists no documented occurrences
within one mile of the proposed project area. No effect is anticipated to this species from the
proposed project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/90454bo
West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus)
Critical habitat for the West Indian manatee has been designated and none occurs within the proposed
project area. Manatees prefer water above 68OF and forage on sea grasses and other submerged and
floating aquatic vegetation. No sightings of the West Indian manatee have occurred in or near the
project area, and the NCNHP report lists no documented occurrences within one mile of the proposed
project area. Manatees would be unlikely to utilize the intertidal area where the proposed project is
located due to water depth. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: hUs:Hecos.fivs.gov/ecl2/sl2ecies/4469;
http s : //www. �4ovinfo . Gov/content/pka/FR-1977-09-22/pdf/FR-1977-09-22.pdf#pa�4e=1
iPaC Proposed Mammals
Tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus)
No critical habitat has been designated for the tricolored bat. Primarily a terrestrial species, the
tricolored bat has never been documented at the Aquarium, and the NCNHP report lists no
documented occurrences of tricolored bats within one mile of the proposed project area. No effect is
anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/10515;
hUs://www.ncbwg.org/tri-colored-bat-12erimvotis-subflayusz
iPaC Listed Birds
Eastern Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis spp.)
No critical habitat has been designated for the eastern black rail. The eastern black rail inhabits fresh
and saltwater marshes where they forage for small invertebrates and seeds. The proposed project will
not reduce salt or freshwater marsh habitats or create long-term disturbances in the marsh areas that
the eastern black rail might utilize. The eastern black rail has never been documented at the
Aquarium, and the NCNHP report lists no documented occurrences within one mile of the proposed
project area. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources:httDs:Hecos.fws.izov/docs/recovery blan/20210318 EBLRA Recoverv%20Outline sinned%
20(l).12df
Piping plover (Charadrius melodus)
Critical habitat for the piping plover has been designated; however, none occurs within the proposed
project area. Plovers primarily utilize ocean beaches, tidal flats, and sandbars. No habitat for the
piping plover exists in or near the proposed project area, and the NCNHP database query lists no
documented occurrences within one mile of the proposed project. No effect is anticipated to this
species from the proposed project.
-sources:httDs:Hecos.fws.izov/docs/recovery blanNol%20II%20NGP%20Draft%20Revised%20Winte
r%20Rec%20Plan%206 05 15 2.odf
Red knot (Calidris canutus rufa)
Critical habitat for the red knot has been proposed; however, none occurs within the proposed project
area. Red knots nest in the tundra and overwinter in warmer climates. Their overwintering habitat is
primarily "wide, sparsely vegetated beaches, shoals, tidal mud or sand flats, or mangrove -dominated

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 18 of 33
shorelines" (USFWS, 2023 recovery plan). Red knots have never been documented at the Aquarium,
and the NCNHP database query lists no documented occurrences within one mile of the proposed
project. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources:htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery plan/2023 red%20knot%20recovery%20plan final 508
%20com12liant%20signed.12df,
httys://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-04-13/pdf/2023-06619.i)df#page=1
Red -cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis)
No critical habitat has been designated for the red -cockaded woodpecker. Red -cockaded woodpeckers
utilize open pine woodlands and savannas with a dominant pine tree age of 30 years or older for
foraging and large pines (-60 years of age or older) for roosting and creating nesting cavities. No
such habitat occurs in or near the project area, and red -cockaded woodpeckers have never been
documented at the Aquarium. Further, the NCNHP report lists no documented occurrences within one
mile of the proposed project area No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery plan/030320 2.pdf
iPaC Listed Birds protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) and the
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
The bald eagle was delisted under the Endangered Species Act in 2007 and has no designated critical
habitat. It is, however, protected under the BGEPA and the MBT, though it is not a Bird of
Conservation Concern (BCC). Bald eagles can be found throughout Alaska and the contiguous United
States and in forested canopies near large bodies of water. The TRNA contains suitable habitat for
bald eagles and they have been reported in the area. The most recent documented sighting occurred in
2022. While bald eagles have been seen in the area, no effect is anticipated to this species from the
proposed project.
-sources:
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/ 162641ifeHistory,https://www.fxvs.gov/si)ecies/bald-eagle-haliaeetus-
leucocephalus
NRID Report: Bald eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus at the Aquarium
Date
Observer(s)
Number
Comment
Lon
Lat
Randy
2022-03-26
2
-76.832171
34.701451
Newman
R. Newman, B.
In salt marsh at end of
2013-10-08
Flemming; P.
1
-76.840868
34.695758
Roosevelt Trail.
Teny
Newman,
Flying over saltmarsh on
2004-05-12
1
Randy
Roosevelt Trail.
0000-00-00
J. Fussell
0
Bird species observed in

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
TRNA and Aquarium
Tract 2017-2018
iPaC Listed Reptiles (other than those threatened due to similarity of appearance)
3 December 2023
Page 19 of 33
Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas)
Critical habitat for the green sea turtle has been designated. The project is not within any currently
designated habitat, but is within proposed critical habitat (Appendix F). In addition to oceanic
habitats, green sea turtles require two near -shore habitat types: ocean beaches for nesting and benthic
feeding zones in relatively shallow, protected waters. These foraging habitats are typically seagrass
and algae meadows. Swimming green sea turtles have never been documented at the Aquarium, and
the NCNHP database query lists no documented occurrences of green sea turtles within one mile of
the proposed project. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: htt2s:Hecos.fvs.�4ov/docs/recovery plan/911126c.pdf
Kemp's Ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii)
Critical habitat for the Kemp's Ridley sea turtle has been proposed; however, none occurs within the
proposed project area. In addition to oceanic habitats, Kemp's Ridley sea turtles require two
near -shore habitat types: ocean beaches for nesting and benthic feeding zones in waters less than 200
meters deep. Swimming Kemp's Ridley sea turtles have never been documented at the Aquarium, and
the NCNHP database query lists no documented occurrences of Kemp's Ridley sea turtles within one
mile of the proposed project. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery plan/kemosridlev revision2 with%20signature.pdf
Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
Critical habitat for the leatherback sea turtle has been designated and none occurs within the proposed
project area. Leatherback sea turtles are the most pelagic of all sea turtles, spending most of their lives
in deep ocean waters. Swimming leatherback sea turtles have never been documented at the
Aquarium, and the NCNHP database query lists no documented occurrences of leatherback sea turtles
within one mile of the proposed project. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed
project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery plan/920406.pdf
Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)
Critical habitat for the loggerhead sea turtle has been designated and none occurs within the proposed
project area. In addition to oceanic habitats, loggerhead sea turtles require two near -shore habitat
types: ocean beaches for nesting and benthic feeding zones in waters less than 200 meters deep.
Swimming loggerhead sea turtles have never been documented at the Aquarium, and the NCNHP
database query lists no documented occurrences of loggerhead sea turtles within one mile of the
proposed project. No effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources: htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery plan/090116.pdf

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
iPaC Candidate Insects
3 December 2023
Page 20 of 33
Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus)
No critical habitat for the monarch butterfly has been designated. Conservation efforts for the
monarch butterfly have focused on retaining and restoring breeding habitat. Monarchs require a high
presence of their obligate milkweed hosts (Asclepias spp.) during the breeding season. Activities that
reduce milkweed populations including land conversion activities, mowing, and herbcide use are the
primary threats to this habitat. A pair of monarchs was observed 250 feet inland from the shoreline
near Section A of the proposed living shoreline 18 September 2023. Previous sightings at the
Aquarium were also documented in the early 2000s. However, the NCNHP database query lists no
documented occurrences of monarchs within one mile of the proposed project. As the proposed
project will not reduce or impact milkweed habitat, no effect is anticipated to this species from the
proposed project.
-sources: htt2s:Hecos.fvs.gov/ecp/species/9743; https://www.xerces.org/monarchs
NRID Report: Monarch butterfly
Danaus plexippus at the Aquarium
Date
Observer(s)
Number
Comment
Lon
Lat
2023-09-18
J. Lynch
2
Observed during
-76.839343
34.696809
morning flight survey
2007-08-14
J. Powers
0
Mating Pair Julie
Powers works for NC
Aquarium
2006-09-03
R. Newman
1
2006-03-30
R. Newman
1
East boundary under
powerlines
2005-11-30
R. Newman
2
eastern boundary along
powerlines
2003-11-21
R. Newman
1
iPaC Listed Flowering Plants
Rough -leaved loosestrife (Lysimachia asperulifolia)
No critical habitat has been designated for the rough -leaved loosestrife. Rough -leaved loosestrife
(Lysimachia asperulifolia) is a terrestrial plant that occurs in "longleaf pine or oak savannas and
wetter, shrubby plant communities growing on moist sand or peat" with habitat maintenance through
the occurrence of period fires. No critical habitat has been designated for the rough -leaved loosestrife,
the NCNHP database query lists no documented occurrences of the plant within one mile of the
proposed project, and the NRID contains no records of rough -leaved loosestrife at the Aquarium. No
effect is anticipated to this species from the proposed project.
-sources:htti)s:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2747; httl)s:Hecos.fivs.gov/docs/recovery plan/950419b.pdf

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
8.2 Essential Fish Habitats
3 December 2023
Page 21 of 33
The NOAA Essential Fish Habitat mapper revealed 0 results for essential fish habitat (EFH) and 0
results for EFH areas protected from fishing.
The EFH mapper did list one habitat of particular concern for Penaeid shrimp. White shrimp
(Litopenaeus setiferus or Penaeus setiferus) are crustaceans that "commonly inhabit estuaries and coastal
areas out to about 100 feet offshore" with two primary stocks found in the Gulf of Mexico and the South
Atlantic. Brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) are crustaceans with a similar range to white shrimp,
with inshore populations occurring in "areas with muddy or peaty bottoms rich in organic matter and
decaying vegetation." NRID records at the Aquarium for Penaeid shrimp are provided below.
-sources:htti)s://www. frshen*es.noaa.gov/species/white-shrimp,
b=s://www.fishen*es.noaa.Qov/sl2ecies/brown-shn*mp
NRID Report: Penaeid Shrimp
Litopenaeus setiferus and Farfantepenaeus aztecus at the Aquarium
Date
Observer(s)
Scientific Name
Common Name
Number
Comment
Lon
Lat
2007-09-25
J. Fullwood
Farfantepenaeus aztecus
Brown Shrimp
1
2006-09-11
R. Newman
Penaeus setiferus
White shrimp
1
Megan Geesin, a PhD student from the Gittman Lab, conducted faunal sampling in and around five
QuickReef° and oyster shell bag living shorelines and five adjacent reference sites with no living
shorelines in Carteret County in June and August of 2022 as part of a currently -funded NC SeaGrant
study on living shorelines. An abundance of penaeid shrimp were sampled across both living shoreline
and reference sites indicating no degradation of habitat by the existence of living shorelines (personal
communication with Miss Geesin, 3 August 2023).
Neither the Aquarium or Park Service officials have performed seine pulls in the area. However, baseline
motile fauna sampling performed by the Gittman lab on 29 September 2023 produced the results shown
below in Table 4 (page 22). The entire project area remains designated by NC Division of Marine
Fisheries (NCDMF) and NC Shellfish Sanitation (NCSS) as open to harvest for shellfishing but
experiences significant turbidity which could be mitigated by living shorelines and enhanced oyster
growth.
All portions of the proposed project site are a silt/sand/mud bottom per NOAA EFH designations with
scattered small patches of eelgrass (Z. marina) and shoal grass (K wrightii) near the proposed alignment
(Appendix Q. Larger contiguous SAV beds are found 45 to 100 ft from the marsh edge, over 30 ft from
the proposed living shoreline alignment (Maps 2 through 5, Appendix A). The presence/absence of SAV
nearshore is a reliable proxy of local water clarity as all of Bogue Sound is viable SAV habitat until the
water depth is too great for SAV growth (personnel communication with Dr. Rachel K. Gittman, ECU).
Therefore, the lack of SAV nearshore at the project site is an indicator of poor clarity and increased
turbidity which also impacts fish habitats and communities in the nearshore waters.
The proposed project will reduce siltation due to bank and marsh erosion and facilitate growth of Eastern
oysters (Crassostrea virginica), ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa), and scorched mussels (Brachidontes

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 22 of 33
exustus) which provide natural filtration and stabilization of the salt marsh. The high vertical relief and
rugosity of the living shoreline approximates the vertical structure of an unharvested oyster reef, and the
interstitial space within the structure will promote the growth of a diversity of invertebrates essential for
snapper/grouper through all life stages and summer flounder through its juvenile stages. Improving this
habitat will benefit fish and invertebrates while causing minimal short-term disturbance during
construction. At the anticipated rate of construction of 100 to 400 LF per day, each section of shoreline
should be constructed in one to three weeks, minimizing any short-term disturbance from construction.
Table 4. Results 29 September 2023 Gittman Lab (ECU) baseline motile fauna sampling.
Condo #
Scientific Name
Common Name
Count
2
Chasmodes bosquianus
striped blenny
1
Gobiosoma bosc
naked goby
1
3
Archosargus probatocephalus
sheepshead
1
Hypsoblennius hentz
feathered blenny
2
Gobiosoma bosc
naked goby
1
4
Evorthodus lyricus
Lyre goby
2
Chasmodes bosquianus
striped blenny
1
5
Gobiosoma bosc
naked goby
2
6
Evorthodus lyricus
Lyre goby
2
9.0 RECREATIONAL/PUBLIC TRUST ACCESS CONSIDERATIONS
NC State Parks staff has thoroughly and mindfully planned for water -based recreational access as part of
this project. It is the practice of the NC State Parks system to designate specific areas for water access and
limit the number of informal water recreation accesses as informal and unmanaged access near facilities
can contribute to natural resource degradation, exacerbating the erosion along most of this shoreline. Two
25-foot overlapping gaps (one each in Sections A and C) have been included in the proposed living
shoreline design to accommodate recreational & educational access. The project is in an Outstanding
Resource Water (ORW) and is intended to improve long-term water quality and maintain recreational
opportunities.
10.0 AVOIDANCE AND MINIMIZATION OF IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS
In order to assure the best use of the unprecedented NCGA allocation for living shorelines at state parks,
the Federation, Park and Aquarium staff and academic researchers from ECU performed an extensive
review of all TRNA shorelines. Only those areas showing direct and ongoing erosion are included in this
permit application for stabilization and restoration. A well -attended virtual pre -proposal scoping meeting
was held on 19 September to present the project to resource and regulatory representatives and obtain
comments. Received comments and concerns have been addressed in this proposal to the maximum extent
practical such as increasing gaps between structure sections from 5 LF to 10 LF.

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 23 of 33
As the TRNA and Aquarium's goal is to stabilize the shoreline from daily erosion, protect and restore
fringing marsh, and increase oyster habitat, the proposed living shoreline is designed to be no more than
12 in above normal water level. This height is ideal to both recruit sessile fauna such as Eastern oysters
(C. virginica), ribbed mussels (G. demissa), and scorched mussels (B. exustus) which provide natural
filtration and stabilization of the salt marsh and to accrete sediment landward of the structure for marsh
maintenance, while still attenuating daily wave energy. All materials proposed for the living shoreline are
anticipated to recruit oysters quickly. Oyster reefs in eastern North Carolina have been shown to grow at a
rate that matches expected sea level rise.' Accordingly, the proposed living shoreline is expected to
maintain its height relative to future sea levels.
The proposed living shoreline is not anticipated to negatively affect SAV populations or habitats. At no
point will the living shoreline be constructed waterward of observable SAV and any impacts to SAV near
the footprint and in construction areas will be avoided to the maximum extent practicable. Construction
will move rapidly to minimize the time spent in any one area.
11.0 MONITORING
As discussed previously, a primary purpose of the TRNA is estuarine research. As such, the proposed
living shorelines, in particular the Experimental Section D, have been designed with research and
monitoring in mind. Researchers from Dr. Rachel Gittman's lab at ECU have developed the following
research questions:
• How does living shoreline substrate rugosity and presence influence oyster and associated sessile
fauna recruitment and persistence?
• How does substrate rugosity and presence influence wave attenuation and landward/seaward
sediment dynamics and marsh and seagrass production?
• How does substrate rugosity and presence reef -associated motile fauna habitat use?
The methodology below is planned to answer these questions.
11.1 Ouster and Other Epibiont Sampling
Oyster and other epibiont sampling will occur post -construction by placing quadrats along the Natrx or
natural shoreline and assessing densities through species identification, counts and percent cover
categories'. Quadrats will be placed on each end of the shoreline structure and one in the middle at each
' Rodriguez, A. B., Fodrie, F. J., Ridge, J. T., Lindquist, N. L., Theuerkauf, E. J., Coleman, S. E., Grabowski, J. H.,
Brodeur, M. C., Gittman, R. K., Keller, D. A., & Kenworthy, M. D. (2014). Oyster reefs can outpace sea -level rise.
Nature Climate Change, 4(6), Article 6. hit ps://doi.org110.1038/nclimate2216
' Gittman, R. K., Peterson, C. H., Currin, C. A., Joel Fodrie, F., Pichler, M. F., & Bruno, J. F. (2016). Living
shorelines can enhance the nursery role of threatened estuarine habitats. Ecological Applications, 26(1), 249-263.
hUs://doi.org/10.1890/14-0716

Project Narrative 3 December 2023
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines Page 24 of 33
site. To assess oyster lengths, we will measure 10 randomly selected adult (>25 millimeters (mm)) and
juvenile oysters (mm)'. Baseline oyster sampling prior to construction will occur prior to construction.
11.2 Marsh and Seagrass Vegetation Sampling
Marsh vegetation will be quantified by percent cover by species, stem counts, and stem heights in 0.25
meter -squared (m') quadrats along the marsh edge'. Quadrats will be laid in five locations along the
marsh edge behind each shoreline structure or at each reference site. Seagrass vegetation will be
quantified by placing 0.25m' quadrats over seagrass patches and determining percent cover by species,
shoot counts, and shoot heights in five random locations within seagrass patches at each site. One core per
quadrat will be collected for species identification and biomass estimation as described by Jarvis and
colleagues'. Cores will be sieved and washed to clear sediment in the field, and samples will be taken
back to the lab for plant species identification. Samples will then be separated by aboveground and
belowground biomass and dried at 60°C until samples are at a constant weight. Baseline seagrass
sampling was conducted in July 2023 and sampling will be conducted again in June/July 2024. Baseline
marsh vegetation sampling occurred in September 2023 and will occur again in September 2024.
11.3 Wave Energv Measurements and Shoreline Change
To quantify relative wave energy at study sites, sensors capable of sensing and recording instantaneous
pressure fluctuations caused by incoming waves will be deployed in May/June and August/September
2024 directly landward and seaward of the living shoreline sills and along the edge of natural marsh
shorelines. Baseline wave data was collected in September 2023. The sensors collect raw pressure data
that can then be converted to significant wave heights and wave periods using spectral analysis'. Wave
energy or power will then be calculated from average measures of significant wave heights and periods at
each site. Sensors are designed for deployment in shallow water and are maintained by the Gittman lab.
Shoreline change rates will be quantified at each shoreline using repeat unmanned aerial systems (UAS)
surveys and using a Trimble VRS R10 GPS to capture the 31) changes of the entire domain. Baseline
marsh edge Trimble R10 surveys were conducted in September 2023. UAS surveys will be used to
establish a baseline dataset of the living shoreline and surrounding shoreline topography in spring 2024
and post -construction in summer/fall 2024. Surveys will be conducted annually thereafter.
11.4 Motile Fauna Sampling
To evaluate reef -associated motile organism abundance and size, we will adopt sampling methodologies
previously used for sampling motile fauna at living shorelines and restored oyster reefs10. We will sample
'Moore, C. S., Gittman, R. K., Puckett, B. J., Wellman, E. H., & Blakeslee, A. M. H. (2020). If you build it, they
will come: Restoration positively influences free-living and parasite diversity in a restored tidal marsh. Food Webs,
25, e00167. hops://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00167
' Gittman et. al (2016)
s Jarvis, J., Moore, K., & Kenworthy, W. (2012). Characterization and ecological implication of eelgrass life history
strategies near the species' southern limit in the western North Atlantic. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 444,
43-56. hU-,-Hdoi.org/10.3354/me s0n 9428
9 Temple, N. A., Webb, B. M., Sparks, E. L., & Linhoss, A. C. (2020). Low -Cost Pressure Gauges for Measuring
Water Waves. Journal of Coastal Research, 36(3), 661-667. hUs:Hdoi.org/10,2112/JCOASTRES-D-19-00118.1
10 Moore, C. S., Baillie, C. J., Edmonds, E. A., Gittman, R. K., & Blakeslee, A. M. H. (2023). Parasites indicate
trophic complexity and faunal succession in restored oyster reefs over a 22-year period. Ecological Applications,
33(4), e2825. hops://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2825

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
Page 25 of 33
sites in May/June 2024 and again in August/September 2024. Baseline fauna data was collected in
September 2023 and will be collected again in March 2023. Organisms will be identified to the lowest
possible taxonomic level, counted, and the first 20 of each species will be measured for standard length
(fish and shrimp) or carapace width (crabs) in the field with subsequent release.
12.0 REQUEST FOR PERMITTING ACTION AND CERTIFICATIONS
The project proponent hereby requests that the certifying authority review and take action on this CWA
401 certification request within the applicable reasonable period of time.
On 20 July 2023, the following email was sent to the 401 pre -filing email address:
This email is to fulfill the pre -filing meeting request requirement put in place on Thursday
April 7, 2022 when the Environmental Protection Agency's `Clean Water Act Section 401
Certification Rule' ( Federal Rule ) was reinstated to its previous version which
originally became effective on September 11, 2022. In accordance with 40 C.F.R. Section
121.4(a) At least 30 days prior to submitting a certification request, the project
proponent shall request a pre -filing meeting with the certifying agency'. In accordance
with 40 C.F. R section 121.5(b)(7), and (c)(5) all certification requests shall include
documentation that a pre -filing meeting request was submitted to the certifying authority
at least 30 days prior to submitting the certification request.
Receipt was verified and is included as Appendix H.
A pre -proposal scoping meeting was requested on 6 September 2023 and subsequently arranged by
Cameron Weaver, Environmental Assistance Coordinator for the NC Division of Environmental Quality
(NCDEQ). The scoping meeting was held on 19 September 2023 with the following in attendance:
Cameron Weaver - NC DEQ
Gregg Bodnar, Richard Mahoney - NC Division of Coastal Management
Maria Dunn - NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Michael Mellinger - NC Division of Water Resources
Kim Harding, Jimmy Harrison - NC Division of Marine Fisheries
Liz Hair - US Army Corps of Engineers
Fritz Rhode - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
Mary -Margaret McKinney, Worth Creech, Alex Baldwin - Native Shorelines
Dr. Rachel Gittman, Paige Siegel - East Carolina University
Dr. Lexia Weaver, April Hall - NC Coastal Federation
Randy Newman - NC Parks
Dr. Carol Price, Clint Taylor - NC Aquariums
The project proponent hereby certifies that all information contained herein is true, accurate, and
complete to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX A - PROJECT MAPS
3 December 2023

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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX B - EROSION MAPS
3 December 2023

Wednesday, November 15, 2023 at 11:49:13 Eastern Standard Time
From: Brandon Puckett - NOAA Federal <[e-mail]>
Sent: Sunday, November 12, 2023 11:17:19 PM
To: McKinney, Mary -Margaret <[e-mail]>
Cc: [e-mail] <[e-mail]>; [e-mail] <[e-mail]>; Rudd, Morgan
<morga n. rudd @davey.com>
Subject: Re: Folder shared with you: "pks_aquarium_living_shoreline"
Hi All,
Sorry for the issue with the arc map package... not sure why the lines are not included. I don't have access to a
different version from Portland, but did try to calc min and max erosion rates (from 1981 to 2020 s
horeline position) for each of the sections...
Section A: 0.07 to 1.0 m/yr
Section B: 0.6 to 1.4 m/yr
Section C: 0.03 to 3.4 m/yr
Section D: 0.08 to 1.2 m/yr
hope this helps!
Brandon
Brandon Puckett, PhD
Research Marine Biologist
Coastal Resilience, Restoration, and Assessment Branch
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
NOAA National Ocean Service
Beaufort Laboratory
(office) 252-216-2209
*Email content/attachment(s) do not reflect opinions or policy of NOAA or DOC*

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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX C - SAV SURVEY
3 December 2023

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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX D - PROFILE DRAWINGS
3 December 2023

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Coastal Federation
Working Together for a Healthy Coast
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SAMPLE PROFILE DRAWINGS
NC AQUARIUM AT PINE KNOLL
SHORES
PROPOSED LIVIING SHORELINES
17 NOVEMBER 2023
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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
APPENDIX E - LIVING SHORELINE MATERIALS SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

Oyster Catcher" (OC) is a line of proprietary, patented/patent-pending oyster reef
construction elements produced exclusively by Sandbar Oyster Company (SOC). OC is a
composite of two materials: jute cloth (the structural element) hardened with cements.
Our ability to shape the cloth after soaking in a cement slurry allows production of a variety
of structurally -diverse, reef -building modules.
For the NC Aquarium Pine Knoll Shores (PKS) living shoreline project, OC sills and/or marsh -
toe revetments will be constructed with the "Table" and "Pillow" OC forms (SOC Figures 1
and 2, profile and plan views, respectively). OC Tables (-2 ft in L, W, and H) offer exceptional
reef design versatility. Table tops can be fully closed or open, the latter allowing legs of one
Table to run through the tops of Tables beneath, thereby interlocking them for enhanced
positional and structural stability. The interlocking Table reef design with rows of Pillows
beneath the Tables will be used in this project. SOC Figure 3 offers views of OC projects
using a range of diverse reef designs.
The surfaces of OC elements are deeply textured making them highly attractive to oyster
larvae and protective refugia for young oysters (SOC Figure 4, top row inset). The rough
surface of Table legs also acts to lock Tables in place once the legs are partially sunk into
bottom sediments. The interlocking of Tables and the totality of sediment -embedded Table
legs creates multiple anchoring points, yielding exceptionally resilient reefs, even in high
energy environments. The initial open space of Table reef frameworks rapidly infills as
oysters grow on and among Tables and Pillows (SOC Figure 4), thereby further enhancing
the structural resilience of OC-based reefs and creating the volumetric bulk of OC reefs
overtime. The ability to elevate OC reef frameworks slight off -bottom also appears to
decrease oyster mortality and enhance their growth rates. The inset picture in SOC Figure 4
(middle row inset) shows the dense oyster community that develops on the undersides of
Tables, which overtime, fills in the space between the bottom of the Tables and sediment
surface. Robust oyster recruitment and growth is key for the success of OC reefs; therefore,
great care is taken to ensure OC is used for sill/revetment creation in areas of reliably high
oyster recruitment (as is the case for the PKS Aquarium; SOC Figure 4 top row) and that OC
reef frameworks are positioned within the optimal growth zone for oysters (Ridge et al.
2015), which in high salinity waters (again, the case for the PKS Aquarium) is generally
between the MLW and MSL marks.
Ride. JT, AB Rodriguez. FJ Fodrie. NL Lindquist, MC Brodeur. SE Coleman. JH Grabowski and EJ Theuerkauf.
2015. Maximizing oyster -reef growth supports green infrastructure with accelerating sea -level rise. Scientific
Reports S;Article number 14785; doi:10.1038/srep1478

MHW - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2.3 FT
. _We
= am =
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4
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2.3 FT
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Scale
5 ft
20 FT
5 FT
Oyster CatcherT°"
Table
5 FT
Oyster Catcher TM
Pillow
SOC Figure 1. Sample profile views of anticipated Oyster CatcherTm reef positions relative
to the salt marsh edge and tidal benchmarks: A - "sill' where the salt marsh edge is gently
sloped and the elevation of the bottom 5 to 10 feet from the salt marsh edge is at -MLW.
B - "sill" where the salt marsh edge is an escarpment and the elevation of the bottom 5 to
10 feet from the salt marsh edge is at -MLW. C - "marsh -toe revetment" where the salt
marsh edge is an escarpment and the elevation of the bottom 5 to 10 feet from the salt
marsh edge is substantially lower (> 6 inch) than MLW. Oyster CatcherTm Tables are
colored in the profile drawings for positional clarity.

-5 ft
"25 ft (baffle section example)
^25 in -48 in
Table -to -Table Pillow
i i
R
Oyster Catcher" Table
(green - landward row; red -middle
row; blue -seaward row)
Oyster CatcherT"° Pillow
saltmarsh
1
FE
water
(Bogue Sound)
SOC Figure 2. Example plan view of proposed Oyster CatcherTm Table -Pillow sills/marsh-
toe revetments structures. Tables are colored in the drawings for positional clarity.

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SOC Figure 3. Views (prior to recruitment of oysters) of Oyster CatcherTm Table -Pillow reef
designs (Pillow beneath and/or beside Tables) ranging from a single row of Tables to multiple
side -by -side Tables; adjacent, inter -locking Tables; and stacked Tables.

SOC Figure 4. Views — post recruitment of oysters — of Oyster CatcherTm reefs. Top row —
NC Aquarium PKS: reef installed April 2019; pictures taken December 2022. Inset is a close-
up view of the surface roughness of Oyster CatcherTm and typical density of spat. Middle row
— Savannah, Georgia: reefs installed May 2021; picture taken March 2022. Inset shows
oyster growth on the undersides of Tables. Bottom row — Wachapreague, Virginia: Tables
installed May 2023; picture taken September 2023.

L Vf
QuickReeflliving shoreline immediately
following inatallution, Pine Knoll Shores, NC
(OT2423).
� y
QuickReeR living shoreline IS months following
installatign, WilmingtoN MU (002J23) _
QuickReef° units are composed primarily of natural calcium carbonate materials sourced from the Clarks
Quarry in eastern NC. The units are arranged in the intertidal zone in a patent -pending arrangement to
both attenuate wave energy and enhance both motile and sessile fauna habitats. QuickReef° units attract
oyster spat quickly in suitable waters, forming a natural reef quickly. Example QuickReef® living
shorelines and units are shown in the pictures above.

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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX F - PROTECTED SPECIES QUERY RESULTS
3 December 2023

10/19/23, 8:36AM IPaC: Explore Location resources
IPaC
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
IPaC resource list
This report is an automatically generated list of species and other resources such as critical
habitat (collectively referred to astrust resourcel under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's
(USFWS)jurisdiction that are known or expected to be on or near the project area referenced
below. The list may also include trust resources that occur outside of the project area, but
that could potentially be directly or indirectly affected by activities in the project area.
However, determining the likelihood and extent of effects a project may have on trust
resources typically requires gathering additional site -specific (e.g., vegetation/species
surveys) and project -specific (e.g., magnitude and timing of proposed activities) information.
Below is a summary of the project information you provided and contact information for the
USFWS office(s) with jurisdiction in the defined project area. Please read the introduction to
each section that follows (Endangered Species, Migratory Birds, USFWS Facilities, and NWI
Wetlands) for additional information applicable to the trust resources addressed in that
section.
Location
Carteret County, North Carolina
R.Ari
�,,,I Fb:.rotntt
�n...- r;a'-. Ku
Local office
Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office
t. [phone]
JEJ [phone]
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MAILING ADDRESS
IPaC: Explore Location resources
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
PHYSICAL ADDRESS
551 Pylon Drive, Suite F
Raleigh, NC 27606-1487
�o�
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Endangered species
This resource list is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an analysis of
project level impacts.
The primary information used to generate this list is the known or expected range of each
species. Additional areas of influence (AOI) for species are also considered. An AOI includes
areas outside of the species range if the species could be indirectly affected by activities in
that area (e.g., placing a dam upstream of a fish population even if that fish does not occur at
the dam site, may indirectly impact the species by reducing or eliminating water flow
downstream). Because species can move, and site conditions can change, the species on this
list are not guaranteed to be found on or near the project area. To fully determine any
potential effects to species, additional site -specific and project -specific information is often
required.
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act requires Federal agencies to "request of the
Secretary information whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be
present in the area of such proposed action" for any project that is conducted, permitted,
funded, or licensed by any Federal agency. A letter from the local office and a species list
which fulfills this requirement canonly be obtained by requesting an official species list from
either the Regulatory Review section in IPaC (see directions below) or from the local field
office directly.
For project evaluations that require USFWS concurrence/review, please return to the IPaC
website and request an official species list by doing the following:
1. Draw the project location and click CONTINUE.
2. Click DEFINE PROJECT.
3. Log in (if directed to do so).
4. Provide a name and description for your project.
5. Click REQUEST SPECIES LIST.
Listed speciesl and their critical habitats are managed by thEEcological Services Program of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the fisheries division of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA Fisheries).
Species and critical habitats under the sole responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are not shown
on this list. Please contactNOAA Fisheries forspecies under their jurisdiction.
1. Species listed under theEndangered Species Act are threatened or endangered; IPaC also
shows species that are candidates, or proposed, for listing. See thbsting status page for
more information. IPaC only shows species that are regulated by USFWS (see FAQ).
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2. NOAA Fisheries also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office
of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
The following species are potentially affected by activities in this location:
Mammals
NAME
Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.`
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/9045
Tricolored Bat Perimyotis subflavus
Wherever found
No critical habitat has(bSj designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ec/species/10515
West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus
STATUS
Endangered
Proposed Endangered
Threatened
Wherever found Marine mammal
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/4469
Birds
NAME
Eastern Black Rail Laterallus jamaicensis ssp. jamaicensis
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/10477
Piping Plover Charadrius melodus
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/6039
Red Knot Calidris canutus rufa
Wherever found
There is proposed critical habitat for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/1864
STATUS
Threatened
Threatened
Threatened
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Red -cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/7614
Reptiles
NAME STATUS
American Alligator Alligator mississippiensis SAT
Wherever found --*
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/776�
Green Sea Turtle Chelonia myda\ Threatened
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/6199
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle Lepidochelys kempii Endangered
Wherever found
There is proposed critical habitat for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/5523
Leatherback Sea Turtle Dermochelys coriacea Endangered
Wherever found
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ec�2/species/1493
Loggerhead Sea Turtle Caretta caretta Threatened
There is final critical habitat for this species.Your location does
not overlap the critical habitat.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ec�2/species/1110
Insects
NAME STATUS
Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus Candidate
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/9743
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Flowering Plants
NAME
STATUS
Rough -leaved Loosestrife Lysimachia asperulaefolia Endangered
Wherever found
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/2747
Critical habitats
Potential effects to critical habitat(s) in this location must be analyzed along with the
endangered species themselves. Ne
Nc�j
There are no critical habitats at this location.
M
You are still required to determine if your project(s) may have effects on
all above listed species.
Bald &Golden Eagles
Bald and golden eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Attand
the Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
bald or golden eagles, or their habitatg, should follow appropriate regulations and consider
implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Managmenthttps://www.fws.gav/progLiim/eagle-managLment
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds
https://www.fws.gov/library/collections/avoid ing-and-minimi'z'nZ-incidental-take-
migratory birds
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds
https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-
measures.pddf
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-
golden-ea leg s-ma -oy ccur-project-action
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There are bald and/or golden eagles in your project area.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization
measures to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF
PRESENCE SUMMARY at the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be
present and breeding in your project area.
NAME
BREEDING SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to Jul 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities. N i
—A
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely
to be present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your
project activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and
understand the FAQ "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before
using or attempting to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence( )
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s)
your project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-
week months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey
effort (see below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One
can have higher confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also
high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events
for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted
Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in
week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week
12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
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probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season ; )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds
across its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your
project area.
Survey Effort(1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of
surveys performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The
number of surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data ( ) e_4:�Nv
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are
based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season , survey effort no data
SPECIES ]AN FED MAR APR MAY 1UN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Eagle I I I I I I I I I III 1 i+1 ++I+ +$++ ++l+ ++++ +++�
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
What does IPaC use to generate the potential presence of bald and golden eagles in my specified
location?
The potential for eagle presence is derived from data provided by thAvian Knowledge Network RN,) The
AKN data is based on a growing collection ofsurvey, banding. and citizen science datasets and is queried
and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) which your project
intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in
that area, an eagle Lagle Act requirements may apply). To see a list of all birds potentially present in your
project area, please visit theRapid Avian Information Locator (RAIL) Toal
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs of bald and golden eagles in my
specified location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWlirds of Conservation Concern LC) and other
species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by thAvian Knowledge
Network (LKN ). The AKN data is based on a growing collection c1urvey, banding, and citizen science
datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid
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cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because
they are a BCC species in that area, an eagleEagle Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a
particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area.
It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially
present in your project area, please visit thEapid Avian Information Locator LL) Toal
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need to obtain a permit to avoid violating
the Eagle Act should such impacts occur. Please contact your local Fish and Wildlife Service Field Office if
you have questions. �V*-'
Migratory birdsA
g y
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Adtand the Bald and Golden
Eagle Protection Acts.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
migratory birds, eagles, and their habitatg should follow appropriate regulations and
consider implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
1. The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Eagle Managementhttps://www.fws.gov/pro rg am/ea Ig e-mana ement
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds
https://www.fws.gov/libEary/collections/avoid ing-and-minimi'z'nZ-incidental-take-
migratory birds
• Nationwide conservation measures for birdshttps://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/
documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-measures.pdf
• Supplemental Information for Migratory Birds and Eagles in IPaC
https://www.fws.gov/media/supplemental-information-migratory-birds-and-bald-and-
golden-ea les-ma -oy ccur-project-action
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the
USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your
project location. To learn more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how
this list is generated, see the FAQbelow. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this
location, nor a guarantee that every bird on this list will be found in your project area. To see
exact locations of where birders and the general public have sighted birds in and around
your project area, visit theE-bird data map�n tool (Tip: enter your location, desired date
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IPaC: Explore Location resources
range and a species on your list). For projects that occur off the Atlantic Coast, additional
maps and models detailing the relative occurrence and abundance of bird species on your
list are available. Links to additional information about Atlantic Coast birds, and other
important information about your migratory bird list, including how to properly interpret and
use your migratory bird report, can be founcbelow.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization
measures to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF
PRESENCE SUMMARY at the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be
present and breeding in your project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON
American Kestrel Falco sparverius paulus,,, Breeds Apr 1 to Aug 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/9587
American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
\4 ps://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/8935
Bachman's Sparrow Aimophila aestivalis
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/6177
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Black Scoter Melanitta nigra
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Black Skimmer Rynchops niger
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/5234
Breeds Apr 15 to Aug 31
Breeds May 1 to Sep 30
Breeds Sep 1 to Jul 31
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds May 20 to Sep 15
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Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis
IPaC: Explore Location resources
Breeds Jan 15 to Sep 30
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Brown -headed Nuthatch Sitta pusilla Breeds Mar 1 to Jul 15
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA 1
Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica Breeds Mar 15 to Aug 25
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Common Eider Somateria mollissima Breeds Jun 1 to Sep 30
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Common Loon gavia immer Breeds Apr 15 to Oct 31
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/4464
Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea Breeds elsewhere
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Great Shearwater Puffinus gravis Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Gull -billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica Breeds May 1 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/9501
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Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus
IPaC: Explore Location resources
Breeds Apr 20 to Aug 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
King Rail Rallus elegans
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/8936
Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//s ecies/ 679
Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
htt .//e os.fws. ov/ecp//species/9481
IoN
Painted Bunting Passerina ciris
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Razorbill Alca torda
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Red -breasted Merganser Mergus serrator
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Breeds May 1 to Sep 5
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds Apr 25 to Aug 15
Breeds May 1 to Jul 31
Breeds Apr 1 to Jul 31
Breeds Jun 15 to Sep 10
Breeds elsewhere
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Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Breeds May 10 to Sep 10
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Red -throated Loon Gavia stellata
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Ring -billed Gull Larus deIawarensis
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activi .e 3
Royal Tern Thal- maximus
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres morinella
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular
Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
Saltmarsh Sparrow Ammodramus caudacutus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9719
Short -billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/9480
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds Apr 15 to Aug 31
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds elsewhere
Breeds May 15 to Sep 5
Breeds elsewhere
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Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus Breeds Mar 10 to Jun 30
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/8938
White -winged Scoter Melanitta fusca A � Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Willet Tringa se mipalmata Breeds Apr 20 to Aug 5
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Wilson's Storm -petrel Oceanites oceanicus Breeds elsewhere
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area,
but warrants attention because of the Eagle Act or for potential
susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of
development or activities.
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Breeds May 10 to Aug 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its
range in the continental USA and Alaska.
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely
to be present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your
project activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and
understand the FAQ "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before
using or attempting to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence(m)
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s)
your project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-
week months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey
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effort (see below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One
can have higher confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also
high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events
for that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted
Towhee was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in
week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week
12 (0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season ; )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds
across its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your
project area.
Survey Effort(1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of
surveys performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The
number of surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data ( )
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are
based on all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season . survey effort no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
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American OP +++0 +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ 1111 „++ 1+1+
Kestrel
BCC - BCR
American +T*1 +**I dII loll 111 1 I I 1 I 1 1- +111 ++++ +011 111O 11I1
Oystercatcher
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Bachman's ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++i ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
Sparrow■■■ ■■■ NEON
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
BaldEagle Al++++ 1111 +111 mill
Non BCC — — — — -- �r � .��-- -- I 1111
--- — — — ----
Vulnerable
Black Scoter +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +1+1 +00+
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Black Skimmer
BCC Rangewide + ++*�++ ++++ ++++ +1" lill IN + 1+++ ++++ ++++
(CON)
ji
Bro lic n I I I I I I I
V\"� 11 I I 1111111111111 jifj li 1111111111111111
lnerable
Brown -headed WI 10*11 IIP 11+1 01+0 +010 ++11 +1++ +++1 +111 11++ +111
Nuthatch EME
BCC - BCR
Chimney Swift ++++ ++++ +111 Jill ll!l loll Jill 11+11++1 ++++ ++++ ++++
BCC Rangewide mmmm
(CON)
Common Eider ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++I+ � I I I I I I I I 1 14 ++++ ++++ ++++ +0++
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Co monBCC Loon *110 mill 11I1III ' 1■10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-+ ++++ +++1 +++11111 Jill
Vulnerable
Cory's ++++ ++++ ++4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I I I I +4 I I 1
Shearwater
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Great ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
Shearwater
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Gull -billed Tern I++ ++++ ++++
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
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Kentucky ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++m ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
King Rail ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ III I I I I 1 142 ++++ ++++ ++++ +J++ ++++
BCC Rangewide Im mmmm m
(CON)
Lesser ++++ ++++ ++++ JJ+J 0++ 1 1 1 1.+ ++++ ++++ +++J ++++ ++++ ++0+
Yellowlegs
BCC Rangewide
(CON) 01
Marbled ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ ++++ ++++ +++++++ ++++
Godwit
BCC Rangewide
(CON) NOO
Bulnnted ting ++++++ ++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +0++
BCC - BCR
Prairie Warbler +�+ BCC Rangewid++++ +++J IIII
IIII
IIK
+11+'+++ 10++ ++++ ++0+
e(CON)
Prothonotary ++++ ++++ ++I+ +++J +1++ +++�" J +J++ ++++ +0++ ++++ ++++
Warbler mmmm mmmm Mai
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Razorbill ++++ +0+1+++ ++++ ++++ +III IIII IIII IIII ++++ ++++ ++++
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Red -breasted loll
oJJ loll
1111
JJJ INV 0+++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ Jill
Merganser
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Red-headed +*I+ o+++ om++ ++mJ JJii OF TT I j +J+i Ji++ J+++ lm++ ++I+
Woodpecker
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEE OCT NOV DEC
Red -throated I ��J +J �J+�+++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
Loon T
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Ring -billed Gull Non -BCC 11111111 JJD 101JJ IJ101 11+J 110J Noll 1+111111
Vulnerable
Royal Tern ON H11 HII III+ IJ11 IJ++ 11+1
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
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Ruddy *100 1*11 11+1 mill 111110++ ++++ 111M +111Noll 1+11INN
Turnstone
BCC - BCR
Rusty Blackbird TT 110+ + ITIT + 0+++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ + I I I I ++1 +0++
BCC - BCR
Saltmarsh +++0 ++++ ++++ ++I+ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +0+0
Sparrow
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Short -billed I I 111-+*+ 1++1 +111 0+1+ +++ ++ ++++ ++1+ +++ +0++
Dowitcher
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Surf Scoter I I I I I I I I I++ + I I I I I I I+++++ ++++ +++I ++++ +0++
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Swallow-tailed 114 I� +++++ ++I+ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
Kite T
BCC Rangewide o
(CON) �
1
White -winged ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++++++ ++++
Scoter
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
Willet *111 mill 1111111111P 1011111 i0d 11111111 +1111+11 1111
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Wilson's Storm- 14+ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
petrel
Non -BCC
Vulnerable
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Wood Thrush ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ 1 1 1"++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize impacts to all
birds at any location year round. Implementation of these measures is particularly important when birds
are most likely to occur in the project area. When birds may be breeding in the area, identifying the
locations of any active nests and avoiding their destruction is a very helpful impact minimization measure.
To see when birds are most likely to occur and be breeding in your project area, view the Probability of
Presence Summary.Additional measures orpermits may be advisable depending on the type of activity
you are conducting and the type of infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
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What does IPaC use to generate the list of migratory birds that potentially occur in my specified
location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWlirds of Conservation Concern LC) and other
species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by thAvian Knowledge
Network (AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection odurvey, banding, and citizen science
datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid
cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as warranting special attention because
they are a BCC species in that area, an eagleEagle Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a
particular vulnerability to offshore activities or development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area.
It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list of all birds potentially
present in your project area, please visit thEapid Avian Information Locator LL) Toal
\Nale
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds potentially
occurring in my specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data provided by
the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN.)This data is derived from a growing collection oLurvey, banding, and
citizen science datasets.
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information becomes
available. To learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and how to interpret
them, go the Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering or migrating in my area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding, wintering,
migrating or year-round), you may query your location using thRAIL Tool and look at the range maps
provided for birds in your area at the bottom of the profiles provided for each bird in your results. If a bird
on your migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it, if that bird does occur in your
project area, there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. "BCC Rangewide" birds areBirds of Conservation Concern (BCC) that are of concern throughout their
range anywhere within the USA (including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin
Islands);
2. "BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) in
the continental USA; and
3. "Non -BCC - Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on your list either
because of the Eagle Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non -eagles) potential susceptibilities in
offshore areas from certain types of development or activities (e.g. offshore energy development or
longline fishing).
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IPaC: Explore Location resources
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made, in
particular, to avoid and minimize impacts to the birds on this list, especially eagles and BCC species of
rangewide concern. For more information on conservation measures you can implement to help avoid and
minimize migratory bird impacts and requirements for eagles, please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species and
groups of bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit thWortheast Ocean Data
Portal. The Portal also offers data and information about other taxa besides birds that may be helpful to
you in your project review. Alternately, you may download the bird model results files underlying the portal
maps through theNOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird
Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use throughout the
year, including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this information. For additional
information on marine bird tracking data, see thEDiving Bird Study and thenanotag studies or contact
Caleb Spiegel or Pam Lorin
.0
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need tobtain a ep rmitto avoid violating
the Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of birds of
priority concern. To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for identifying what other
birds may be in your project area, please see the FAQ "What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds
potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be aware this report provides the "probability of
presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that overlap your project; not your exact project footprint.
On the graphs provided, please also look carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical bar)
and for the existence of the "no data" indicator (a red horizontal bar). A high survey effort is the key
component. If the survey effort is high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more
dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack
of certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting point for identifying
what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area, when they might be there, and if they
might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list helps you know what to look for to
confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement conservation measures to avoid or
minimize potential impacts from your project activities, should presence be confirmed. To learn more
about conservation measures, visit the FAQ "Tell me about conservation measures I can implement to
avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds" at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.
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Marine mammals
Marine mammals are protected under thdMarine Mammal Protection Act. Some are also
protected under the Endangered Species Act and the Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Florg.
The responsibilities for the protection, conservation, and management of marine mammals
are shared by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [responsible for otters, walruses, polar bears,
manatees, and dugongs] and NOAA Fisheries [responsible for seals, sea lions, whales,
dolphins, and porpoises]. Marine mammals under the responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are
not shown on this list; for additional information on those species please visit thb'larine
Mammals page of the NOAA Fisheries website.
The Marine Mammal Protection Act prohibits thEtake (to harass, hunt, capture, kill, or
.........................................................................................................................................
attempt to harass, hunt, capture or kill) of marine mammals and further coordination may be
........................................................................... I ....................................................................
necessary for project evaluation. Please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Field Office
shown. �
1. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973.
2. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES) is a treaty to ensure that international trade in plants and animals does not
threaten their survival in the wild.
3. NOAA Fisheries also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office
of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
The following marine mammals under the responsibility of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
are potentially affected by activities in this location:
NAME
West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus
https://ecos.fws. ov/ecp//species/4469
Coastal Barrier Resources System
Projects within thelohn H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System (CBRS) may be subject
to the restrictions on Federal expenditures and financial assistance and the consultation
requirements of the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CBRA) (16 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). For more
information, please contact the IocalEcological Services Field Officeor visit the CBRA
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Consultations website The CBRA website provides tools such as a flow chart to help
determine whether consultation is required and a template to facilitate the consultation
process.
This location overlaps the following CBRS unit(s):
Unknown
N C-05 P
N C-05 P
Data limitations
The CBRS boundaries used in IPaC are representations of the controlling boundaries, which are depicted
on the official CBRS maps The boundaries depicted in this layer are not to be considered authoritative for
in/out determinations close to a CBRS boundary (i.e., within the "CBRS Buffer Zone" that appears as a
hatched area on either side of the boundary). For projects that are very close to a CBRS boundary but do
not clearly intersect a unit, you may contact the Service for an official determination by following the
instructions here:https://www.fws.gov/service/coastal-barrier-resources-ssy-tem.:property-documentation
Data exclusions
CBRS units extend seaward out to either the 20- or 30-foot bathymetric contour (depending on the location
of the unit). The true seaward extent of the units is not shown in the CBRS data, therefore projects in the
offshore areas of units (e.g., dredging, breakwaters, offshore wind energy or oil and gas projects) may be
subject to CBRA even if they do not intersect the CBRS data. For additional information, please contact
CBRAPfws.gov.
Facilities
National Wildlife Refuge lands
Any activity proposed on lands managed by thNational Wildlife Refuge system must
undergo a 'Compatibility Determination' conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the
individual Refuges to discuss any questions or concerns.
There are no refuge lands at this location.
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10/19/23, 8:36AM IPaC: Explore Location resources
Fish hatcheries
There are no fish hatcheries at this location.
Wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory
(NWI)
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the Iocg.S. Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Wetland information is not available at this time
This can happen when the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) map service is unavailable, or
for very large projects that intersect many wetland areas. Try again, or visit thNWI map to
view wetlands at this location.
Data limitations
The Service's objective of mapping wetlands and deepwater habitats is to produce reconnaissance level
information on the location, type and size of these resources. The maps are prepared from the analysis of
high altitude imagery. Wetlands are identified based on vegetation, visible hydrology and geography. A
margin of error is inherent in the use of imagery; thus, detailed on -the -ground inspection of any particular
site may result in revision of the wetland boundaries or classification established through image analysis.
The accuracy of image interpretation depends on the quality of the imagery, the experience of the image
analysts, the amount and quality of the collateral data and the amount of ground truth verification work
conducted. Metadata should be consulted to determine the date of the source imagery used and any
mapping problems.
Wetlands or other mapped features may have changed since the date of the imagery or field work. There
may be occasional differences in polygon boundaries or classifications between the information depicted
on the map and the actual conditions on site.
Data exclusions
Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of
aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or
submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and
nearshore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also
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been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial
imagery.
Data precautions
Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over wetlands may define and describe
wetlands in a different manner than that used in this inventory. There is no attempt, in either the design or
products of this inventory, to define the limits of proprietary jurisdiction of any Federal, state, or local
government or to establish the geographical scope of the regulatory programs of government agencies.
Persons intending to engage in activities involving modifications within or adjacent to wetland areas should
seek the advice of appropriate Federal, state, or local agencies concerning specified agency regulatory
programs and proprietary jurisdictions that may affect such activities.
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Roy Cooper, Governor
9" 0 INC DEPARTMENT OF
""i ■
WMk.M 1 NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
■-000
October 18, 2023
Alexander Baldwin
Restoration Systems, LLC
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Raleigh, NC 27604
RE: Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium Living Shoreline Project
Dear Alexander Baldwin:
13. Reid Wilson, Secretary
Misty Buchanan
Deputy Director, Natural Heritage Program
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
A query of the NCNHP database indicates that there are records for rare species, important natural
communities, natural areas, and/or conservation/managed areas within the proposed project
boundary. These results are presented in the attached `Documented Occurrences' tables and map.
The attached `Potential Occurrences' table summarizes rare species and natural communities that
have been documented within a one -mile radius of the property boundary. The proximity of these
records suggests that these natural heritage elements may potentially be present in the project area
if suitable habitat exists. Tables of natural areas and conservation/managed areas within a one -mile
radius of the project area, if any, are also included in this report.
If a Federally -listed species is documented within the project area or indicated within a one -mile
radius of the project area, the NCNHP recommends contacting the US Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS) for guidance. Contact information for USFWS offices in North Carolina is found here:
httr)s://www.fws.gov/offices/Directory/ListOffices.cfm?statecode=37.
Please note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may not be redistributed without permission.
Also please note that the NC Natural Heritage Program may follow this letter with additional
correspondence if a Dedicated Nature Preserve, Registered Heritage Area, Land and Water Fund
easement, or an occurrence of a Federally -listed species is documented near the project area.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact the NCNHP at natural.heritage�dncr.nc.gov.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
121 1N. JON S STREET, RALEIGI I_ NC 27603 - 16Sl MAOL SERVICE CENTER. PAL EIGH. rkc 276�0
OFC 919.707.9120 • FAK 919.707.9421

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Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
3 December 2023
APPENDIX G - CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS SUPPORTING INFORMATION

Project: Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium Living Shoreline Project
Date: October 11, 2023
Subject: WOTUS 404 Resource Evaluation
Summary:
A WOTUS 404 resource evaluation was conducted by Alex Baldwin, LSS, PWS of Restoration Systems on
October 10, 2023. The Project Study Area (PSA) included three separate areas which were all evaluated
for WOTUS 404 resources and include the following:
1. Parking Lot (Unloading Area) —The parking lot for the aquarium is paved and does not include
any WOTUS 404 resources.
2. Grass Storage Area (Staging/Storage Area) —The grass storage area is actively being used by the
aquarium to store materials. No WOTUS 404 resources were observed within the grass storage
area.
3. Construction Access to Loading Area —The construction access to the loading area consists of
three different segments:
a. The first segment is an existing gravel driveway from the parking lot to the aquarium's
pier. The driveway is approximately 10-12 feet wide and is maintained regularly to
transport patrons and equipment to the pier for water access. None of the existing
gravel driveway contains WOTUS 404 resources. A small area at the western end of the
gravel driveway needs to be further evaluated with regards to CAMA regulations.
b. The second segment is a 10-foot wide transect that runs parallel to the pier. This
segment of the construction access is CAMA regulated resources.
c. The last segment of the access is a 10-foot wide section of an existing granite sill. This
last segment of the construction access is also a CAMA regulated resource.
Attached are two figures (one aerial image background and one QL2 Lidar background) showing the PSA
associated with the Construction Access to Loading Area. Donw below are photos taken of the
Construction Access to Loading area with the corresponding locations shown on the attached maps.

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Sandbar Oyster Company INC's proposal for delivery and installation of Oyster CatcherTm Table and
Pillows to designated sill construction sites at the North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores.
Oyster CatcherT`" Tables and Pillows will be delivered to the NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores loaded on
flat-bed trailers and in beds of pick-up trucks (Figure 1; panel A). Pickup trucks pulling a trailer will be
driven the head of the dock access path (Figure 2) and from there loaded onto large -wheel hand carts
(Figure 1; panels B,C). The carts will be walked down the path and to the end of the dock (Figure 2), where
the Tables and Pillows (each weighing —25 pounds) will be loaded onto flat -bottom skiffs/Jon boats (22-ft
or less) at high tides (Figure 1, panel D). The cart -to -boat transfer at the end of the dock will ensure the
boats do not impact seagrass beds located closer to shore (Figure 2). The boats will motor offshore of the
seagrass beds to the Oyster Catcher TM
sill sites. When the boats are offshore of each of the two Oyster
Catcher TM
sill construction sections (Figure 3 and 4), their motors will be turned off and the boats walked
to shore via pathways marked with temporary PVC posts (3/4-in diameter) delineating areas devoid of
seagrass beds or where the density of seagrass is low (Figures 3 and 4).
Once immediately adjacent to the sill construction areas, the Pillows and Tables will be offloaded onto
sand -covered bottom. Once off loaded, the boats will be walked back out beyond the seagrass beds and
then motored back to the dock to pick up another load of Tables and Pillows. SANDBAR conservatively
estimates 14 days (not likely as a single block of days) will be need to move all Tables and Pillows to the
sill building sites. Ideally, these moves would be made on multiple consecutive days with daytime high
tides. On the lower tides of these material transport days, SANDBAR will likely also have installation crews
working to construct sills/baffles as soon as possible after the materials are delivered to the sites. If there
is a lag between the timing of the delivery of Tables and Pillows to the shoreline and when conditions
allow sill construction, the Pillow and Tables will be stored over sand bottoms with Tables (single or spiral
stacked) corralling Pillows to hold them in place. This in -water storage arrangement has proven to be
resilient against wave/boat wake disturbances.
Once all Table and Pillows are staged along the Oyster Catcher TM
sill sites, installation crews will work
during weather and low -tide permitting times. With appropriate weather and tides, SANDBAR anticipated
complete installation of the Oyster Catcher TM
sill within 6 weeks after deliveries commence.

Figure 1. Panel A — view of the flat-bed trailer used to transport Oyster Catcher" Tables and Pillows. Panel
B, C — views of the pull carts used to move Tables and Pillows. Panel D — view of Tables and Pillows loaded
onto a 22-ft flat bottom skiff.

Figure 2. View of the trailer -to -cart loading area at the PKC Aquarium and pull cart path from the parking
area to the end of the dock, where Tables and Pillows will be loaded onto small, flat -bottom boats.

Outboard motor running
Outboard motor off
' Legend
r'
i
Figure 3. View of the likely over -water transport route from the PKS Aquarium dock to Oyster CatcherT"^
sill construction site in Section A.

Legend
Natrr
�J oyster Catcher
_ Quick Reet
Outboard motor
running
MIMI
Outboard
motor off
N
0 2550 100Feet Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium Living Shoreline
North Carolina
Section B- 1,200' sill Coastal Federation
125' baffle
Figure 4. View of the likely over -water transport route from the PKS Aquarium dock to Oyster Catcher"
sill construction site in Section B.

Project Narrative
NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores Living Shorelines
APPENDIX H - 401 PRE -FILING MEETING REQUEST
3 December 2023

Monday, December 4, 2023 at 14:32:10 Eastern Standard Time
Subject: Pre -Filing Request: NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores 2023-24 Living Shorelines
Date: Thursday, July 20, 2023 at 15:13:36 Eastern Daylight Time
From: McKinney, Mary -Margaret
To: [e-mail]
CC: [e-mail], Farrell, Christine E, April Hall, lexiaw, Newman, Randy, Fleming,
Benjamin R, Price, Carol S
Attachments: image001.png
This email is to fulfill the pre -filing meeting request requirement put in place on Thursday April 7, 2022
when the Environmental Protection Agency's 'Clean Water Act Section 401 Certification Rule' ('Federal
Rule') was reinstated to its previous version which originally became effective on September 11, 2022.
In accordance with 40 C.F.R. Section 121.4(a) 'At least 30 days prior to submitting a certification
request, the project proponent shall request a pre -filing meeting with the certifying agency'. In
accordance with 40 C.F. R section 121.5(b)(7), and (c)(5) all certification requests shall include
documentation that a pre -filing meeting request was submitted to the certifying authority at least 30
days prior to submitting the certification request.
Project Name: NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores 2023-24 Living Shorelines
County: Carteret
Applicant Name: North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation
Applicant Email: Christine Farrell, Environmental Review Coordinator, NC State Parks -
Christine.farrel [e-mail]
Consultant/Registered Agent:
Native Shorelines (Div. of Restoration Systems)
Mary -Margaret McKinney, Director of Coastal Restoration
[e-mail] or [e-mail]
North Carolina Coastal Federation
Lexia Weaver, Coastal Scientist and Central Regional Manager
[e-mail]
The applicant has started their CAMA major permit application on the online portal naming Native
Shorelines as their agent. It has been assigned App ID PA-1139.
Please let us know if there is any additional information that we need to provide at this time.
Respectfully,
Mary -Margaret McKinney
Page 1 of 2

Mary -Margaret S McKinney, RF
Director of Coastal Restoration
Native Shorelines, a Davey Company
252.333.9852 [e-mail]
Linkedln; linked.com/in/marymargaretmekinney
www.nativeshorelines.com
Page 2 of 2

Monday, December 4, 2023 at 14:32:31 Eastern Standard Time
Subject: Automatic reply: [External] Pre -Filing Request: NC Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores 2023-24 Living
Shorelines
Date: Thursday, July 20, 2023 at 15:14:00 Eastern Daylight Time
From: 401PreFile
To: McKinney, Mary -Margaret
This email confirms receipt of your pre -filing meeting request. Please retain this email for your records
and submit this documentation as part of your 401 application (PCN Application) as required by
federal law. DWR will not be able to accept your application without this federally required
documentation. 401 applications received without documentation that a pre -filing meeting request
was submitted at least 30 days prior will be returned as incomplete.
Responses to this email are not monitored.
If you need to contact 401/Buffer Permitting Staff, please use the following link(s) to access of staff
contact list(s).
For Non -Transportation Central Staff:
http.://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-quality permitting/401-buffer-
permitting/401-buffer-permitting-contacts
For Non -Transportation Regional Staff: https://edocs.deq.nc.gov/WaterResources/DocView.aspx?
d bid=0&id=2162034&cr=1
For all Transportation Projects Including NCDOT Projects:
http.�://Ae—q.nc.gov/gbout/­ ivisions/water-resources/water-resources-p rmits/ ransportation-
pe rm itti ng /staff -co nta cts
Email correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties by an authorized state
official.
Page 1 of 1

DEEA QF GIFT
����� '%ice' •. _
entered into this loth day of December, 1971,
Y ad.berreen t4ne2:tus.Van'S haak Roosevelt, single, of Washington,D,C.;
`?hea�dre:,RaoseveltIll and wife, Anne Babcock Roosev elt, of Philadelphia,
Fentlsy3vania,.Grace Roosevelt Mc�MiIlan and husband, William McMillan, of
-F
C2yndon, Maryland; ;and `Frances Webb Roosevelt, widow, of Oyster Bay, Long
Islandf,',New York, acting by and through their legally constituted Attorney
;7 _
in-Fact',.George m. McNeill,' under powers vested in him pursuant to inden-
tures ;recorded. in, the Office of the Register of Deeds of Carteret County,
=North,Cazo1 na, in Book 1961, pages 258, 273, 280, apd 284, parties of the
first party and the State of North Carolina, party of the second part;
WITNESSETH:
THAT WHEREAS, three of the grantors of the property hereinafter des-
-;-cribed.-are the grandchildren of the late President Theodore Roosevelt, and
the fourth owner,: -is a ,widow of another grandchild of the late President;
AND °JEREAS, it is the desire of the grantors to perpetuate the views
and activities on behalf of conservation, of the late President Roosevelt,
and to further theaimsof the late President in the matter of the pro-
tection of our natural resources as enumerated in priciple by the late
President in h:1s message to Congress on December 3, 1907, as follows:
"To wastes to -destroy, our natural resources, to skin and exhaust �
the land instead of using it so as to increase its usefulness, will
re-sult in undermining in the days of our children the very prosperity
which we -ought by right to hand down to them amplified and developed."
AND WHEREAS, the present owners in acquiring their Bogue Banks holdings
.inherited an obligation encompassing an inherent respect for nature and a
desire to preserve, as much as possible, the inate character of the sur-
-roundings;
AND WHEREAS, therefore, it is the desire of the grantors by making this
Deed of Gift to -he State of North Carolina to provide the people of the
(Prepared ,by George H. McNeill, of Attorneys McNeill, Boshamer
and Graham)

State of North Carolina with a tract of land, and its adjacent marshes,
riparan and littoral rights, which will be kept in its natural state,
_maintained as a nature preserve, and used for the primary purpose of nature
and wildlife education, estuarine studies, with emphasis on marine life,
ecological advances, environmental balance and research in the inethods of
conservation;
NOW, THEREFORE,,fox and in consideration of the purposes to be effect-
uated, as hereinabove set out, said parties of the first part have trans-
ferred, given and conveyed, and do hereby transfer, give and convey unto
the State of North-Carolina,.its successors and assigns, forever, but upon
the :trust and -conditions hereinafter mentioned and none other, the follow-
inu tract or parcel of land, situate, and lying in Morehead Township, Car-
teret County, North Carolina, anj more particularly described as follows:
On Bogue Banks, and being a portion of the Roosevelt Property, and
being located on the North side of the SALTERPATH ROAD, and be-
ginning.,at a point, a concrete monument, located in the northern
margin of the SALTERPATH ROAD .right-of-way, which beginning point
is South 77-12-40 West 1154.4 feet and North 11-46 East 106.38 feet
".from'a"nail located in the existing center line intersection of BRIDGE
ROAD -end SALTERPATH ROAD, as recorded in Map Book 8, page 48, Carteret
County; -Registry; said beginning point being also located at the south-
west corner of the Roosevelt Commercial Property; the northern margin
of the SALTERPATH ROAD, the beginning point, being located approxi-
matelv._70 feet northwardly from the present center line of said SALTER -
PATH ROAD;.from such beginning point runs thence with the Roosevelt
Commercial Property west line North 11-46 East 875_.48_feet; thence
,-continuing with the Roosevelt Commercial Property west line North
20--- East 1486,49 feet; thence following the Roosevelt Commercial
Property.west line North 15-17 West 1171 feet to the ordinary high-
water'mark of Bogue;Sound; thence following the ordinary.highwater
_ -- mark`of'Bogue Sound the following courses and distances: South 81-25
West:535 94.,feet; South 67-49 West 852.61 feet; thence South 68-20
West 774:95; South 64-12 West`2948.50 feet; South 63-13 West 1327.66
feet, _and South 29-32-20 West 67.53 feet to a point'in another Roose-
volt"`Property line; thence following the last-mentioned Roosevelt
Property -tine South 01-02-40 West 894.71 feet to a point in the north-
ern,,margin of the SALTERPATH ROAD, which said point is located approxi
mately 7a'feet northwardly from the present center line; runs thence
said"northern margin of the SALTERPATH ROAD the following courses
and distances.: North 89-42 East 723.29 feet; South 89-24 East 752.98
= f feet.;: North `85-22 East 1390.08 feet; 'South 89-53 East 1820.66 feet,
and:North 8?-12 East 28364 feet to the point of beginning, the fore-
going`co'nsis'ting"of a tract -of land of approximately 290 acres

0 Wr.0 b: 14J r. 74
1pot
am MT ttizral 4.94ts.
all privilages and
particularly 411 ba
easements in perpetu
described;
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD
e -off
4
i y for ` i4rifsa *qd
2
the aforesaid treat of IaM to 1tb+!
State of North Carolina- its successors ,and assigns..foreror, vpow'kl4+t
following conditions and trusts, to wit: r,
This deed is executed upon the following express conditions:
1. The tract herein conveyed and its adjacent riparian rights must
be maintained in its natural state, subject to the exceptions hereinafter
mentioned. Particularly, it is prohibited that the property b* ustd for
general recreational purposes or for any other purpose inconsistent with -
the primary purpose expressed herein. Particularly, it shall not be used as
a public park.
2. Entrance to the property shall be restricted to an access road
from the BRIDGE ROAD, across the owners' 1,000 feet, to which the owners
have granted a right-of-way easement in perpetuity of 100 feet in width
as described herein. No entrance to the property shall be permitted from
the SALTERPATH ROAD and a minimum of 100 feet from the northern margin of
the SALTERrATH ROAD right-of-way(70 feet from the center of the presently
existing highway) shall be retained in its natural state.
3. There is excepted from the overall requirement that the property
be kept in its natural state, a tract of land of 25.04 acres as shown
on the ,Aap of Charles C. King, as recorded in Map Book 8 page
74 ,Carteret County Registry, as N.C. Marine Resource Centery in
which area a scientific complex may be constructed and maintained thereon
by the donee, which said scientific complex shall be educational in nature
and its facilities made available without charge to school children in
North Carolina. A modest adult admission charge to help care for the main-
tenance of the property shall be permitted.
4. "Nalkways for pedestrian visitors shall be permitted to traverse
any portion of the property, but vehicular roadways shall be kept to a mini- _
mum and shall be used only tc provide access to the scientific Marine Re-
source Center. Parking areas for motor vehicles shall be permitted only in
conjunction with the Marine Resource Center complex and nature trails for
pedestrian and protection uses shall be built and maintained in their nat-
ural state.
5. That no building other than in the _scientific:Rarine Resource
Center complex shall be erected or maintained on the property other than
shelters, toilets and necessary service and interpretational buildings.
6. As the owners have heretofore granted a-70 foot right-of-way
on the north side of the SALTERPATH ROAD, measuring from the presently
existing center line, any additional rights -of -way required for the widen-
ing of the SALTERPATH ROAD shall come from the north side of the highway
rathe-- than the south side.

7. The grantors will permi"L' the construction and maintenance of a
channel and boat basin for small boats to provide access and harbour
in conjunction with the Marine Resource Center complex, as shown on the
map of Charles C. King, above refereed to.
8. Grantors will likewise permit the use'of_a strip of 100 feet in
width running from the southern margin of the"N.0 Marine Resource'Center
tract to be used in perpetuity, as.a utility easement and to provide
ingress and egress for pedestrians in the handling of sea water"an bio
logical or marine specimens to the Marine Resource Center complex, sail
utility easement in grantee's property to be located, and in the,dimension5
as shown on the map of Charles C. K+ng, above referred to.
9. Grantors will also permit the creation and maintenance of -:an
access road with appurtenant parking areas to',be'used in,"conjunction.'
with the Marine Resource Center complex,'. as shown on the`mdp of Charles.
C. King, above referred to.
10. Owners., hereby grant _right-of-way easements over their adjacent
properties, in perpetuity, as follows, that is to'say:.:'.
(a)An easement of 100 feet in width to provide ingress, ,and,egress to
vehicular or pedestrian traffic over and across the., Roosevelt.Commerc;al
Property of 1,000 feet in length, and running from BRIDGE ROAD to the
east property line of the granteets.tract, as shown"on'the'map of Charles
C. King, above referred to; said roadway `to be public, :and <`its use, to. be in
common with grantors, or.their assigns.
(b)An easement of 100 feet in width, and.of a length of 462.06-'feet•,':
abutting the Iron Steamer -"Pier Tract, and running from -'the ordinary high
water mark of the Atlantic Ocean across the SALTERPATH ROAD and to Conhe'Ct
with the utility easement on the grantee's property line, said'easefhent
to be in perpetuity, and to provide ingress and egress to pedestrians and
for such utility lines or appurtenances as may be required 'to transfer
seawater or marine biological specimens from the waters of'the`Atlantic,,
Ocean -to the Marine Resource Center tract, as shown on`th.e map of Charles`-
C. King, above referred to.
11.3his deed. is executed by the grantors and accepted -by the grantee'"
upon the express con,i-ions that the party of the second'part'i-.its success-...
ors and assigns, shall well and truly, substantially, and in good faith' `com- "`
ply with all the conditions and restrictions hereinbefore:,,enumerated,'and
shall hold said lands and appurtenances hereinbefore granted, so long'as it
shall well and truly, substantially and in good faith, to the best of its.461.1
bility, comply with each, every and all of the said conditions;but.if the;
party of the second part shall fail to so comply�,with'and conform to 'each'
every and all of said conditions, the estate and trtle.of:the donee,''party
of the second part, shall cease and determine and shall` -revert to another.;
organization to be desi nated by the grantors, qualified as ;a charitable don -,'
ee under Section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code, which is;_not`a_Private.:
Foundation. Particularly, in the event the party of-the'second part fails^,
within a period of two Years from the date of, this. deed,; "to =66mmence,op4ra-
tion on the property as a nature preserve, or as'a'Marine,Res ource-:Center
complex, either or both, then, in . such event' the Estate ` and' title; of th*' -A6n+
ee shall cease and determine, and the',title to. the property_. shall revert `to `
another organization, to be designated b"y ,the grantors, ` qualified as`_a ,�haI'llr3.=
table -donee under Section 170 (c of the' Internal Revenue Code,"`'which`i�s nCot
a Private Foundation, and all estate, property and rights of the party of. the;;
second part shall cease, determine and become^absolutely Void.
12. This conveyance is made subject to the right-of-way_'easement"tereto-`°
fore granted to the North Carolina State High way"Commission , ptrt i',J, *o-� F
the SALTERPATH ROAD, 70 feet on the -,-North side and 30 fget ,on 'the' Soitt side
thereof, as recorded in Book 328, page410, 'Carteret. County,iie• r' rn

NORTH CAROLINA, CARTERET COUNTY C�
The ts;�do;n� C'crt:ticjt0(s) of l�tah ��✓�
is C'rcified f�� he Corr��c(, ibis (are)
instrument wasp �- � .�.
registrafioti and recorded in �n Presented for
Page` Book_ 3a,�
This_Zj day of
Register of Deeds
9

ROY COOPER
Governor
ELIZABETH S. BISER
Secretary
BRAXTON DAVIS
Director
Carteret News Times
Re: Public Notice
Dear Sir:
NORTH CAROLINA
Environmental Quality
12/29/2023
Please publish the attached Notice in the January 3, 2024 issue of the Carteret News Times.
The State Office of Budget and Management requires an original Affidavit of Publication prior
to payment for newspaper advertising. Please send the affidavit, an original copy of the
published notice, and an original invoice to Amanda Cannon, NC Division of Coastal
Management, [e-mail].
Thank you for your assistance in this matter. If you should have any questions, please contact
me at our Morehead City office.
Sincerely,
Amanda Cannon
Coastal Management Representative
Enclosure
cc: Heather Styron, District Manager
Gregg Bodnar, Major Permits Coordinator
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Morehead City Office 1 400 Commerce Avenue I Morehead City, North Carolina 28557
NORTH CAROUNA -
OepadmeMaf EnWmnmeM l Vualfty /� 252.515.5400

NOTICE OF FILING OF APPLICATION FOR CAMA
The Department of Environmental Quality hereby gives public notice as required by NCGS
113A-119(b) that an application for a development permit in an Area of Environmental
Concern as designated under the CAMA was received complete on 12/11/2023. According
to the application submitted by NC Division of Parks and Recreation proposing to construct
a living shoreline off the Pine Knoll Shores Aquarium at 1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll
Shores. A copy of the entire application may be examined or copied at the office of Rich
Mahoney, NC Division of Coastal Management, located at 400 Commerce Avenue, Morehead
City, NC, (2S2)S1S-S400 during normal business hours. Comments mailed to Braxton C.
Davis, Director, Division of Coastal Management, 400 Commerce Avenue, Morehead City,
N.C. 28SS7, prior to 1/31/24 will be considered in making the permit decision. Later
comments will be accepted and considered up to the time of permit decision. Project
modification may occur based on review and comment by the public and state and federal
agencies. Notice of the permit decision in this matter will be provided upon written
request.
PUBLISHED ON: 1/3/2024
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Morehead City Office 1 400 Commerce Avenue I Morehead City, North Carolina 28557
NORTH CAROUNA -
OepadmeMaf EnWmnmeM l Vualfty /� 252.515.5400

N.C. DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
ADJACENT RIPARIAN PROPERTY OWNER NOTIFICATIONIWAIVER FORM
CERTIFIED MAIL • RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED or HAND DELIVERY
(Top portion to be completed by owner or their agent)
State of North Carolina NC Parks and Recreation
Name of Property Owner: Site Contact: Christine Farrell
Address of Property: 1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores, NC (Parcel #635517111405000)
Mailing Address of Owner: 1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores, NC 28512
Owner's email: [e-mail] Owner's Phone#: [phone]
Native Shorelines, a Davey Company Morgan Rudd
Agent's Name: and the NC Coastal Federation Agent Phone#: [phone]
Agent's Email: [e-mail]
ADJACENT RIPARIAN PROPERTY OWNER'S CERTIFICATION
(Bottom portion to be completed by the Adjacent Property Owner}
I hereby certify that I own property adjacent to the above referenced property. The individual applying for this
permit has described to me, as shown on the attached drawing, the development they are proposing. A
description or drawing, with dimensions, must be provided with this letter.
Check Here I DO NOT have objections to this proposal. I DO have objections to this proposal.
If you have objections to what is being proposed, you must notify the N.C. Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) in writing within 90 days of receipt of this notice. Correspondence should be
mailed to 400 Commerce Ave., Morehead City, NC 28557. DCM representatives can also be contacted
at [phone]. No response is considered the same as no objection if you have been notified by
Certified Mail.
WAIVER SECTION
I understand that any proposed pier, dock, mooring pilings, boat ramp, breakwater, boathouse, lift, or
groin must be set back a minimum distance of 15from my area of riparian access unless waived by me
(this does not apply to bulkheads or riprap revetments). (If you wish to waive the setback, you must sign
the appropriate blank below.)
Oii9R;RR"4 I DO wish to waive somelall of the 15' setback 6 Lk 4/, 11
Signature of Adjacent Riparian Property Owner
-OR-
W(161144M I do not wish to waive the 15' setback requirement (initial the blank)
Signature of Adjacent Riparian Property Owner:
Town of Pine Knoll Shores
Typed/Printed name of ARPO: Contact: Charlie Roca
Mailing Address of/ARPO: �W-) &&n 1/ C W &J brill S`i zrn A& ZY,51Z
ARPO's email: 1e I7/inlAofbn1.S.lcrARPO's Phone#: � Z _L V7 - 7_��_ cYA J�
Date: ��L/ Z��� *waiver is valid for up to one year from ARPO's Signature*
Revised July 2021

TIPS FOR ADJACENT RIPARIAN OWNER NOTIFICATION & WAIVER FORMS
CAMA Regulations require notice of proposed development to the Adjacent Riparian Property Owners (I SA
NCAC 7J.0204(b)(5)). Proof of actual notice (a sign -off by the owner on this form) or certified mail return
receipts (showing delivery of notice) are needed.
The purpose of this notice is to make adjacent riparian property owners aware of the proposed development
so that they have an opportunity to provide comments (or potentially object to) the proposed development,
and to give DCM an opportunity to consider these comments/objections before a permit decision is made.
"Permission" of adjacent propeyLowners is not necessarily required for DCM to issue a permit; however,
permission must be obtained for certain types of proposed developments if they fall within a 9 5' setback area
along the riparian access area of the adjacent property, as determined solely by DCM. It is in the applicant's
best interest to provide comprehensive and accurate notice so that any concerns or objections can be
resolved early in the permit review process. In addition, if the adjacent riparian property owner appeals the
permit decision, insufficient notice could be a basis for granting such an appeal.
Who is an Adjacent Riparian Property Owner?
What is Adjacent? (Note: DCM reads this broadly to ensure comment by potentiallyimpacted neighbors)
• A property that shares a boundary line with the site of proposed development; AND
• A property that fronts a natural or manmade waterbody that is connected to coastal waters and
can support some form of navigation, even a kayak or canoe, including a common canal system
or a manmade basin.
• Easement holders? Yes, if the easement could be impacted by the proposed development.
• Streets/Roads? Only if the street/road could be impacted by the proposed development. This
might include street -ends which might be used for parking and beach access.
• Holders of recognized submerged lands claims/shellfish franchises.
What is Riparian?
Do the boundaries of the adjacent property legally intersect with the water at mean high tide? If there is a
question about whether an adjacent property is considered "riparian," please reach out to DCM Staff -
especially on the oceanfront beach where there may be undeveloped parcels on the beach or in the water.
WhoNVhat is a Property Owner?
For private individuals (or families), send notice to the address listed on the tax card. if the property is owned
by an Inc. or LLC, please send notice to the person listed as the registered agent on the NC Secretary of
State's Corporations Look Up site: https://www.sosno.aov/search/index/corr). For Condominiums or
neighborhoods with an owners' association (HOAIPOA), send notice to the association (which is usually a
corporation, for which you send notice to its registered agent).
What is Notice, and how do I ensure it is received?
• You can meet with your adjacent property owner, provide a description or drawing of the
proposed development, and ask them to sign this form and return it to DCM; OR
• You can hand -deliver this form and a description or drawing, and ask your neighbor to return it to
DCM (consider providing them with a stamped envelope); OR
• You can mail this form by LISPS Certified Mail, return receipt requested (the Green Card). If you
choose this option, you must provide either the signed & returned green card OR track the
certified mail package number on USPS.GOV's online tracking system, and provide the tracking
print-out as proof of delivery to DCM
If you have any questions about this process, please reach out to DCM Staff and DCM Legal Counsel
and we will work to answer your questions.
Revised July 2021

N.C. DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
ADJACENT RIPARIAN PROPERTY OWNER NOTIFICATION/WAIVER FORM
CERTIFIED MAIL • RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED or HAND DELIVERY
(Top portion to be completed by owner or their agent)
State of North Carolina NC Parks and Recreation
Name of Property Owner: Site Contact: Christine Farrell
Address of Property: 1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores, NC Parcel #635517111405000
Mailing Address of Owner: 1 Roosevelt Blvd, Pine Knoll Shores, NC 28512
Owner's email: [e-mail] Owner's Phone#: [phone]
Native Shorelines, a Davey Company Morgan Rudd
Agent's Name: and the NC Coastal Federation Agent Phone#: [phone]
Agent's Email: [e-mail]
ADJACENT RIPARIAN PROPERTY OWNER'S CERTIFICATION
(Bottom portion to be completed by the Adjacent Property Owner)
I hereby certify that I own property adjacent to the above referenced property. The individual applying for this
permit has described to me, as shown on the attached drawing, the development they are proposing. A
description or drawing,with dimensions must be provided with this letter.
Check Here I DO NOT have objections to this proposal. I DO have objections to this proposal.
If you have objections to what is being proposed, you must notify the N.C. Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) in writing within 10 days of receipt of this notice. Correspondence should be
mailed to 400 Commerce Ave., Morehead City, NC 28557. DCM representatives can also be contacted
at [phone]. No response is considered the same as no objection if you have been notified by
Certified Mail.
WAIVER SECTION
I understand that any proposed pier, dock, mooring pilings, boat ramp, breakwater, boathouse, lift, or
groin must be set back a minimum distance of 15' from my area of riparian access unless waived by me
(this does not apply to bulkheads or riprap revetments). (If you wish to waive the setback, you must sign
the appropriate blank below.)
Vgn-Rere I DO wish to waive some/all of the 15' setback
/.C�� Jg e ta:5 Ems+.Sier Assoc .
Signature o Adjacent Riparian Property Owner
-OR- -OR-
M:liem I do not wish to waive the 15' setback requirement (initial the blank)
Signature of Adjacent Riparian Property Owner: �•��—
Beacons Reach Master Association
Typed/Printed name of ARPO: Contact: Grady Fulcher
Complete
Mailing Address of ARPO: D -aU4 aqc\ , AAA.�-c- is C' 2iS1-L-
ARPO's email:ARPO's Phone#: 2 Sa- Zj--24q00
Date: '11-4.A23 *waiver is valid for up to one year from ARPO's Signature*
Revised July 2021