WQ0038106

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Pat McCrory
Governor
TOM DUENOW
BISON COMPOST, LLP
5719 60 ST, NE
LEEDS, ND 58346 "
Dear Tom Duenow:
Donald R. van der Vaart
Secretary
November 1, 2015
Subject: Permit No. WQ0038106
Bison Compost, LLP
Distribution of Animal Residual Solids
Benson County, North Dakota
In accordance with your permit application package received on October 26, 2015, we are
forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0038106, dated November 1, 2015, to Tom Duenow of Bison
Compost, LLP for the subject animal -residuals distribution program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until October 31, 2020 and shall be
subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Make note of this permit's expiration date
and the fact that a permit renewal application is due to the Division of Water Resources'(DAVI§ion) no
later than six months prior to that date (i.e., see Condition V. 7.), as the Division does not send reminders
to apply for permit renewal. Be aware that payment of the annual administering and compliance fee, as
stipulated in Condition V. 4. will not automatically renew this permit.
This permit approves the operation of program for the distribution of. composted bison manure
that meets exceptional quality standards and is marketed throughout the State of North Carolina (i.e., in
bulk and in bags). Note that this permit does not concurrently provide a license to distribute a fertilizer,
as is required by the Fertilizer Section of the NC Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services'
Plant Industry Division. More information about applying for this license may be found at the following
web site: http://www.ncagr.com/t)lantind/ fert/ferlics.htm.
Please take the time to review this permit 'thoroughly. Pay particular attention to the
monitoring requirements in this permit. Be aware that failure to establish an adequate system for
collecting, maintaining, and submitting the required operational information will result in future
compliance problems. The Division wants to remind you about the following, issue that was discussed
during the review of this application:
♦ Condition III. 3. and Condition III. 4. require that the product he -tested and monitored regularly
for specifec parameters as well as for'adequate pathogen 'reduction. It is imperative that all testing
and monitoring be performed such that the results are representative of the entire row of product
The Division urges you to develop a set of standard operating procedures and recordkeeping forms
to ensure that the State of North Carolina time and temperature requirements for the composting
process are met.
1636 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Phone: [phone] Internet: http:llwww.ncwater.org
An Equal OpportunitylAffirmative Action Employer —Made in part by recycled paper

Mr. Tom Duenow
November 1, 2015
Page 2
If any parts, requirements, and/or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have
the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of\this
permit. This request shall be in the from of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North
Carolina General Statutes and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings at 6714 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made, this permit shall be final
and binding.
If you need any additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. J R Joshi by
telephone at [phone], or via e-mail at [e-mail].
Sincerely,
for S. Jay Zimmerman, P.G.
Director, Division of Water Resources
cc: NC Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services -Plant Industry Division (Fertilizer Section)
Asheville Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
LFayett�:I2egional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Mooresville, Raleigh Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Raleigh Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Washington Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Wilmington Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
Winston-Salem Regional Office -Water Quality Regional Operations Section
WQROS Central Files
RDF G9TY
NOV
0 9 2015
FAYETTEVILLE REGIUNAL UtMut

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
OF ANIMAL RESIDUAL SOLIDS PERMIT
In accordance with -the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143; General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISaSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
,Tom Duenow, Bison Compost, LLP
Benson County, North Dakota
FOR THE
operation of a program for the distribution of up to 1.00 dry tons per year of composted bison manure
that meets exceptional quality, standards and is marketed throughout the State of North Carolina (i.e., in
bulk and in bags). The program shall be operated such that no discharge of waste to surface waters
occurs, pursuant to the permit application package received on October 26, 2015, and in conformity with
the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the
Department of Environmental Quality and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until October 31, 2020 and shall be
subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The distribution program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge
system to prevent the discharge of any wastes to waters of the state_ resulting from the
operation of this program.
2. This permit shall become voidable in the event of failure of the distribution program to
adequately protect the assigned water quality standards of, the surface waters and
groundwater.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface water or groundwater resulting from the operation of this distribution program.
4. In the event that the distribution program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation
of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall.take any immediate corrective actions as may be
required by the Division of Water Resources (Division).

II:
5. When product containing animal residuals is sold or given away for application to the land
under the conditions of this permit, one of the Class A pathogen requirements in 40 CFR Part
503.32(a) shall be met. Additionally, an evaluation shall be performed which demonstrates
the product's ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy of',this
evaluation, including all test results and calculations, shall be submitted.
6. No product containing animal residuals that tests or is classified as a hazardous or toxic waste
under 40 CFR Part 261 shall be sold or given away for application to the land under the
conditions of this permit.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The distribution program shall be properly operated and maintained at all times.
2. No product containing animal residuals other than that generated by the following facility
shall be approved for distribution in accordance with this'permit:
Permit Volume
Facility County ' Number (Dry Tons/Year)
Bison Compost, LLP Benson County, ND N/A 1.00
3. No other product containing animal residuals other than that from the facility specified in
Condition H. 2. shall be distributed under the conditions of this permit. The Permittee shall
request and obtain a permit amendment from the Division for each additional facility prior to
allowing distribution through this program. .
4. For a product containing animal residuals to be sold or given away in bags or other container
for application to the land under the conditions of this permit, the following shall be satisfied:.
The Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) and the Pollutant Monthly Average
Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) shall be maintained:
Ceiling Monthly Average
Concentrations Concentrations
Parameters NglkQ) /me/ke)
Arsenic
75
41
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Mercury
57
17
Molybdenum
75
----
Nickel
420
420
Selenium
100
100
Zinc
7,500
2,800
5. When distributed under the conditions of this permit, a label shall be affixed to the bag or
other container in which the product containing animal residuals is sold or given away for
application to the land, or an information sheet shall be provided to the person who receives
the product containing animal residuals sold or given away in another container for
application to the land. The label or information sheet shall contain the following
minimum information:
2

a.The name and address of the person who prepared the product containing animal
residuals that is sold or given away in a bag or other container for application to the
land.
b. A statement that application of the product containing animal residuals to the land is
prohibited except in accordance with the instructions on the label or information sheet.
c. A statement that adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from -
carrying any disposed or stored product containing animal residuals into any surface
waters.
c. A statement -to help prevent direct application of the product containing animal
residuals to water supply sources and all other waters of the state. For example, "as
with any fertilizer product, do not apply in or near any water supply source or any body
of water, including wells, streams, rivers, and lakes."
d. A statement that application of the product containing animal residuals shall not be
applied to any land that is flooded, frozen, or snow-covered.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REOUMEMENTS
1. Any monitoring (i.e., including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division to ensure protection of the environment shall be
established and an acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Pemrittee to track all distribution activities within
the State of North Carolina. These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to,
the following information:'
1 Y .-
a. Source, amount (i.e., volume), and analysis of each product containing animal residuals.
b. Name of the initial recipient of the product containing animal residuals, the amount (i.e.,
,volume) distributed, and the intended use.
3. An analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee on the product. containing animal residuals at
least once per year from the date of permit issuance. The results of all analyses shall be
maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The analysis shall include
the following parameters:
Aluminum
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Arsenic
Cadmium
Calcium
Copper
Lead
Magnesium
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Percent Total Solids
pH
Phosphorus
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Zinc
Plant Available Nitrogen
(by calculation)
After the product containing animal residuals has been monitored for two years at the above -
listed frequency, the Permittee may submit a request to the Division for a permit modification
to reduce the frequency of this monitoring requirement. In no case, however, shall the
frequency of this monitoring be less than once per year when the product containing animal
residuals is sold or given away for application to the land during that year.

4. The product containing animal residuals shall be monitored by the Permittee at least once per
year for compliance with Condition I. 5. of this permit. The monitoring frequency cycle shall
start on the date of permit issuance, and the results of all analyses shall be maintained on file
by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. Data to verify stabilization of the product shall
be maintained by the Permittee. The required data shall be specific to the stabilization process
utilized, but should be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the Class A pathogen
requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) clearly. In addition, the EPA certification statement
concerning compliance with pathogen requirements shall be completed at the above
frequency by the proper authority or authorities if more than one is involved, either the
person who generates the product containing animal residuals or the person who prepares -the
product to be sold or given away for application to the land.
Laboratory analyses and/or operational data, as required by Condition M. 3., and Condition III.
4. shall be performed/gathered on the product containing animal residuals as it is to be
distributed. Furthermore, analytical determinations made pursuant_ to the monitoring and
reporting requirements of this permit shall be made by a laboratory certified by the Division
(visit: http://portal.nedenr.org/web/wq/lab/cert) for the required parameter(s) under 15A NCAC
2H .0800 or 15A NCAC 211.1100.
6. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in Condition
M. 1., Condition III. 2., Condition III. 3., Condition III. 4., and. Condition III. 5. shall be
submitted annually on or before March I" of the year following the distribution event to the
following address:
NCDENR-DWR
Information Processing Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Water Quality Regional Operations Section of
the appropriate Division regional office (i.e., see Attachment A) as soon as possible, but in no
case more than 24 hours or on the next working day following the occurrence or fast
knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the distribution program that results in the distribution of significant
amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the distribution program resulting in a release of material to receiving
waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the distribution program has
gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the
parameters on which the facility was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of
residuals or product containing animal residuals.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letterform
within five days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report shall outline the
actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
4

IV. INSPECTIONS
1. The Pemrittee or his designee shall inspect the storage, transport, and treatment facilities related
to the distribution program to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and
discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to
human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary
including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance,
repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be
maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall
be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon
presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on.or related to
the distribution program at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with
this permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions
of this permit; and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDTI'IONS
This permit shall become voidable unless the distribution program is operated in accordance
with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved by
the Division.
2. This permit shall be effective only with respect to the nature and volume of product
containing animal residuals described in the application and other supporting data.
Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permitiee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina
General Statutes § 143-215.6A through § 143-215.6C.
4. . The annual administering and compliance fee shall be paid by the Permittee within 30 days
after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division
to initiate action to revoke this permit, as specified by 15 NCAC 2T .0105 (e).
5. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all
statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances that may be imposed by other government agencies
(i.e., local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction, including, but not limited to, applicable
river 'buffer rules in 15A NCAC 2B .0200, soil erosion and sedimentation control
requirements in 15A NCAC Chapter 4 and under the Division's General Permit NCGO10000,
and any requirements pertaining to wetlands under 15A NCAC 2B .0200 and 15A NCAC
.0500.
6. This permit may be modified, revoked, and/or reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to protect the
environment and public health adequately. `
The Pemrittee, at least six months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Division .shall review the adequacy of the
distribution program described therein, and if warranted, shall extend the permit for such
period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.

This permit shall not be automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
distribution program to change ownership or to change the name of the Permittee, a formal
permit request shall be submitted to the Division documentation from the parties involved
and other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request shall be
considered on its merits and may or may not be approved -
Permit issued this the first day of November, 2015.
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
Lor for S. Jay Zimmerman, P.G., Director
Division of Water Resources
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0038106

Attachment A
DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES REGIONAL OFFICES
Asheville Regional Office
Fayetteville Regional Office
Mooresville Regional Office
WQROS Supervisor
WQROS Supervisor
WQROS Supervisor
2090 U.S. Highway 70
225 Green St., Suite 714
610 E. Center Ave., Suite 301
Swannanoa, NC 28778
Fayetteville, NC 28301
Mooresville, NC 28115
Phone: [phone]
Phone: [phone]
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Avery Macon
Anson Moore
Alexander Lincoln
Buncombe Madison
Bladen Robeson
Cabarrus Mecklenburg
Burke McDowell
Cumberland Richmond
Catawba Rowan
Caldwell Mitchell
Wake Sampson
Cleveland Stanly
Cherokee Polk
Hoke Scotland
Gaston Union
Clay Rutherford
Montgomery
Iredell
Graham Swain
Haywood Transylvania
Henderson Yancey,
Jackson
Raleigh Regional Office
WQROS Supervisor
3800 Barrett Drive
Raleigh, NC 27609
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Chatham
Durham
Edgecombe
Franklin
Granville
Halifax
Johnston
Lee
Wake
Northampton
Orange
Person
Vance
Wake
Warren ,
Wilson
Winston-Salem Regional Office
WQROS Supervisor
450 W. Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27105
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Alamance Rockingham
Alleghany Randolph
Ashe
Stokes
Caswell
Surry
Davidson
Watauga
Davie
Wilkes
Forsyth
Yadkin
Guilford
Washington Regional Office
WQROS Supervisor
943 Washington Square Mall
Washington, NC 27889
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Beaufort
Bertie
Camden
Chowan
Craven
Currituck
Dare
Gates
Greene
Hertford
Hyde
Jones
Lenoir
Martin
Pamlico
Pasquotank
Perquimans
Pitt
Tyrell
Washington
Wayne
Wilmington Regional Office
WQROS Supervisor
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wihnington,NC 28405-3845
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Brunswick New Hanover
Carteret Onslow
Columbus Pender
Duplin