040036_04 Operations Maintenance_20230607

Operation and Maintenance Plan
for a
Waste Management System
Prepared for
White Rock Farms, LLC
Dairy Farm
Anson County, North Carolina
By
Samuel C. Bingham, PE
845 Baber Road
Rutherfordton, NC 28139
2023

Table of Contents
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN
System Overview ........................ 3
Waste Storage Ponds ................. 4
Manure Solids ....... .................. 5
Collection Flush Ditch, Sand Lane & Sand Storage ............ 5
Waste Handling Equipment ............................. 5
Clean Water Collection System .......................... 6
Vegetated Diversions .................................. 6
Filter Area Planting ................................... 7
General Comments .................................... 7
Additional Considerations and Responsibilities ......... 8
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN .................. 11
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (Hose Drag System) ...... 14
Operation and Maintenance (Hose Drag) .................. 15
Odor Control Checklist .............................. 17
Insect Control Checklist .............................. 20
Mortality Checklist .................. 22
Field Calibration Procedure for Hose Drag Application System 23
Load -area -method -spreader -system 36
2

SYSTEM OVERVIEW
This Animal Waste Management System consists of the following major
components:
1. THREE WASTE STORAGE PONDS
2. MANURE SOLIDS
3. COLLECTION FLUSH DITCH, SAND LANE AND SAND STORAGE
4. WASTE HANDLING EQUIPMENT
5. CLEAN WATER COLLECTION SYSTEM
All waste is scraped or flushed from the freestall and bedded barns and stored in
the waste storage ponds or solids separation area. Liquid waste is hauled,
irrigated and hard hose pull applied from the waste storage ponds and spread at
agronomic rates. The waste storage ponds and solids storage areas are
designed to provide storage for the waste produced by 700 milk and 130 dry
cows and 225 heifers.
Also, all contaminated runoff flows into the waste storage ponds. The waste
storage ponds are designed to provide storage for normal runoff from the
drainage areas and wastewater from the milk parlor and provide storage space
for the twenty-five (25) year, twenty-four (24) hour storm runoff from the drainage
areas.
This Animal Waste Management System is designed to prevent discharge of
Animal Waste Contaminates to surface waters from the twenty-five (25) year,
twenty-four (24) hour storm, as required under the non -discharge regulations.

1. WASTE STORAGE PONDS
OVERVIEW
The waste storage ponds are designed to store manure, runoff and wastewater.
Additional storage space is included to contain the twenty-five (25) year, twenty-
four (24) hour storm runoff from around barns, sand lanes and sand storage
area. A post will be installed with the level of the top of post indicating the level
of storage available prior to infringing on the 25 year, 24-hour storm capacity. All
the 25-year storm is stored in waste ponds #2 and #3. The waste storage ponds
consist of earthen dams and concrete chutes or pipes for discharging
contaminated water and manure into the structures. The maximum storage level
below the emergency spillway elevation is shown below for each pond. The
design storage period is also shown.
Max. level below ESW
Design Storage Period
Waste Storage Pond #1
Liquid Transferred to
Storage in all ponds
Pond #2 by gravity10
months
Waste Storage Pond #2
1.2'
Storage in all ponds
10 months
Waste Storage Pond #3
0.6'
Storage in all ponds
10 months
OPERATION
The service life of the waste storage ponds will be determined by the level of
management for the entire system. Once the manure and bedding materials
have reached the waste storage pond, how effectively the waste is agitated will
determine the amount of solids which remain in the waste storage pond.
Over time it is expected that some solids will accumulate in the waste storage
pond. Poor management will result in the rapid accumulation of solids, which will
reduce the usable capacity of the waste storage pond to the point that some form
of dredging will be required. If a large volume of solid waste is allowed to wash
from the lot and/or if inadequate agitation is performed, this dredging operation
could be required in a very short period of time.
MAINTENANCE
The concrete in the waste storage ponds should be inspected periodically for
major cracks. Vegetation on the dams should be inspected periodically and
reseeded as needed to maintain a vigorous stand. The dams should be mowed
at least annually to prevent woody growth. Mowing operations must take place
only when the soil of the dam is dry, and vegetation should not be mowed to a
height of less than four (4) inches at any time. See vegetative specification for
4

further requirements. Any evidence of sloughing or seepage should be reported
to the Anson Soil & Water Conservation District office.
2. MANURE SOLIDS
OVERVIEW
Manure solids are collected and stored under roofs or in concrete storage areas
draining into the waste storage ponds. The storage period is 1.5 months plus for
manure solids.
MAINTENANCE
The concrete should be inspected periodically for major cracks.
3. COLLECTION FLUSH DITCHS, SAND LANES AND SAND STORAGE
OVERVIEW
The milking parlor wastewater and manure from freestall barns and parlor will be
transferred to sand settling areas in flush ditch. A concrete channel, sand lane,
is constructed to transfer sand laden manure and milking parlor wash water. The
sand lane will settle sand. Sand will need to be removed daily from the settling
channel. Sand in the lower leg should be moved to the upper leg to rewash. The
sand storage area will be used to store sand removed from the sand lane. Sand
traps are not 100% effective.
MAINTENANCE
Inspect the concrete components for cracks or other damage and make repairs
or replace as needed. Inspect the structure regularly and remove accumulated
solids.
4. WASTE HANDLING EQUIPMENT
OVERVIEW
The waste handling equipment consists of spreading slurry using slurry manure
tank, irrigation and hard hose pull. Slurry tanks and hard hose pull are loaded
with an agitator pump system.
OPERATION
Manure spreading should be initiated prior to the liquid level reaching the full
storage level marker in waste storage ponds #2 and #3. When the liquid level in
the waste storage pond reaches the marker, Waste must be removed for land

application. Do not spread in such a manner as to cause runoff or erosion. Do
not spread on frozen or saturated soils.
The initial step in each spreading operation is to properly agitate the waste in the
waste storage ponds. Slurry waste will be hard hose spread to the fullest extent
possible. At waste storage pond #1, sand accumulations will be mechanically
removed each year if necessary.
MAINTENANCE
Soil tests the application fields every three years or as required by permit.
Vegetation in the fields should be inspected periodically and reseeded as needed
to insure a vigorous stand. Fields may also need to be limed and fertilized
annually.
5. CLEAN WATER COLLECTION SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
Clean water collection and piping consists of piping clean water under stock trails
and diverting clean water around lounging and feedlot areas and waste storage
ponds.
MAINTENANCE
Inspect the components of the clean water collection and piping system annually
for cracks or other damage and make repairs or replace as needed. Inspect
annually and remove accumulated sediment.
6. VEGETATED DIVERSION
OVERVIEW
Vegetated diversions are located above the waste storage ponds and will convey
non -contaminated runoff around the structures.
MAINTENANCE
The vegetation in the diversion should be inspected periodically and reseeded as
needed to insure a vigorous stand. It is essential that neither vehicles nor
livestock be allowed to create travel lanes within the diversion. The diversion
should be mowed at least annually to prevent woody growth. The diversion may
be control grazed or mowed for hay. Grazing and mowing operations must take
place only when the soil is dry, and vegetation should not be grazed or mowed to
a height of less than four (4) inches. If sedimentation has reduced the capacity
of the channel, contact the Anson Soil and Water Conservation District for

technical assistance in correcting this problem. See vegetative specification for
further requirements.
7. FILTER AREA PLANTING
OVERVIEW
Filter area planting applies to seeding of diversions.
MAINTENANCE
Fertilizer and lime should be applied either during September -October or
February -March. Vegetation should be inspected periodically and reseeded as
needed to insure a vigorous stand.
The filter area may be control grazed or mowed for hay. Grazing and mowing
operations must take place only when the soil is dry, and vegetation should not
be grazed or mowed to a height of less than four (4) inches. All filter area
planting should be mowed at least annually to prevent woody growth. Mowing
operations must take place only when the soil is dry, and vegetation should not
be mowed to a height of less than four (4) inches at any time. Do not mow cool
season grasses during periods when plants are showing signs of drought stress.
GENERAL COMMENTS
PESTICIDE USE
Extreme care should be exercised with the use of all herbicides so that desirable
vegetation, especially that of the filter area, diversion, and dam, is not adversely
affected. It is a violation of the law to use any pesticide in a manner not
permitted by its labeling. To protect yourself, never apply any pesticide in a
manner or for a purpose other than as instructed on the label or in labeling
accompanying the pesticide product that you purchase. Do not ignore the
instructions for use of protective clothing and devices and for storage and
disposal of pesticide wastes, including containers.
REPAIRS
Notify the Anson Soil and Water Conservation District if repairs or major
modifications are required for any of the components of this Waste Management
System.

Additional Considerations and Requirements
The collection, treatment and storage facilities shall be properly
maintained and operated at all times; this also includes the land
application equipment and sites.
2. A suitable vegetative cover shall be maintained on all land application
sites and buffers in accordance with the Waste Utilization Plan. No waste
may be applied on fields not approved by or prepared in accordance with
the Waste Utilization Plan.
3. An acceptable pH of the soil shall be maintained on all land application
sites to insure an optimum yield for the crop(s) being grown.
4. The plant available nitrogen (PAN) application rates and hydraulic loading
rates identified in the Waste Utilization Plan shall not be exceeded.
5. Application of animal waste on land which is used to grow crops for direct
human consumption (e.g., strawberries, melons, lettuce, cabbage, etc.)
shall not occur within 30 days prior to or during the planting of the crop or
at any time during the growing season, or in the case of fruit bearing trees,
30 days prior to breaking dormancy. For fiber and food crops, which
undergo further processing, application of animal waste shall not occur
within 30 days of harvesting. If waste is to be applied to bare soil, the
waste shall be incorporated into the soil within 24 hours after the
application on land.
6. Domestic wastewater from showers, toilets, etc. shall not be discharged
into the animal waste management system. Wash vats required to be
connected to the animal waste management system by the Grade A
Pasteurized Milk Ordinance Part II, Section 7, Item 5r are exempt from this
requirement. Wash -down of stock trailers owned by and used on the dairy
only will be permissible as long as the design accommodates the
additional wastewater and as long as detergents and disinfectants are
used which have been labeled as readily biodegradable by the
manufacturer.
7. Disposal of dead animals shall be done in accordance with the North
Carolina Department of Agriculture (NCDA) regulations and the Waste
Utilization Plan.
8. Grazing of animals on application sites shall be controlled in accordance
with USDA -Natural Resources Conservation Service Standards.
9. Solid materials such as, but not limited to, bottles, gloves, syringes, silo
covers or any other solid waste from the dairy operation shall be

prevented from entering the waste management system and shall be
disposed of properly.
10. The facility must have either adequate animal waste application and
handling equipment on site, a lease for the use of necessary equipment, a
contract with a third party applicator or a contract for the purchase of the
equipment. In all cases, the equipment must be capable of applying the
waste on sites specified in the Waste Utilization Plan and at rates not to
exceed agronomic and hydraulic loading for the sites.
11. Animal waste shall not be applied to wetlands or surface water or shall not
reach wetlands or surface waters of the state by runoff, drift, manmade
conveyances (pipes or ditches), direct application, or direct discharge
during operation or land application. Any discharge of waste, which
reaches surface water, is prohibited. Illegal discharges are subject to the
assessment of civil penalties of up to $10,000 per day per violation by the
Division of Water Quality for every day the discharge continues.
12. Animal waste shall be applied on land eroding at less than 5 tons per
acres per year. Waste may be applied to land that is eroding at 5 or more
tons but less than 10 tons per acre per year providing grass filter strips are
installed where runoff leaves the field.
13. Animal waste shall not be applied to saturated soils, during rainfall events,
or when the soil surface is frozen. When animal waste is to be applied on
acres subject flooding, it will be soil incorporated on conventionally tilled
cropland. When applied to conservation -tilled crops or grassland, the
waste may be broadcast, provided the application does not occur during a
season prone to flooding.
14. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 25 feet to surface water.
This distance may be reduced for waters that are not perennial provided
adequate vegetative filter strips are present.
15. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 100 feet to wells.
16. Animal waste shall not be applied closer than 200 feet to dwellings other
than those owned by the landowner.
17. Waste shall not be applied on other property or public right-of-ways.
18. Animal waste applied on grassed waterways shall be at agronomic rates
and in a manner that causes no runoff or drift from the site.
19. Waste shall be tested within 60 days of utilization and soil shall be tested
at least every three years at crop sites where waste products are applied.
9

Nitrogen shall be the rate -determining element. Zinc and copper levels in
the soils shall be monitored and alternative crop sites shall be used when
these metals approach excess levels. Soil test and waste analysis
records shall be kept for 3 years or as required by permit.
20. Liquid waste shall be applied at rates not to exceed the soil infiltration rate.
No ponding shall occur.
21. Records of waste application shall be maintained to establish actual
application rates. The records will include date of application, amount of
waste applied per acre by tract number and field number, most recent
waste analysis and soil test report, and the realistic yield expectation
(RYE) nitrogen rate. Waste application records shall be maintained for 5
years.
22. Proper calibration of application equipment should be done to ensure
uniformity and accuracy of spreading rates.
23. Animal waste should be applied on actively growing crops in such a
manner that the crop is not covered with waste to a depth that would
inhibit growth. The potential for salt damage from animal waste should be
considered also.
24. It is the responsibility of the owner of the dairy to secure an update of the
waste utilization plan when there is a change in the operation, number of
animals (increase), method of utilization or available land.
10

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN
PHONE NUMBERS
DWQ EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM `
SWCD `Cif
NRCS —W&,v 3
This plan will be implemented in the event that wastes from your operation are leaking,
overflowing, or running off site. You should not wait until wastes reach surface waters or leave
your property to consider that you have a problem. You should make every effort to ensure that
this does not happen. This plan should be posted in an accessible location for all employees at the
facility. The following are some action items you should take.
Stop the release of wastes. Depending on the situation, this may or may not be possible.
Suggested responses to some ossible problems are listed below.
wet P�
A. overflow -possible solutions are:
a. Add soil to berm to increase elevation of dam.
b. Pump wastes to fields at an acceptable rate.
c. Stop all flows to the lagoon immediately.
d. Call a pumping contractor.
e. Make sure no surface water is entering lagoon.
B: Runoff from waste application field -actions include:
a. Immediately stop waste application.
b. Create a temporary diversion to contain waste.
c. Incorporate waste to reduce runoff.
d. Evaluate and eliminate the reason(s) that caused the runoff.
e. Evaluate the application rates for the fields where runoff occurred.
C: Leakage from the waste pipes and sprinklers -action include:
a. Stop recycle pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Close valves to eliminate further discharge.
d. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
December 18, 1996

D: Leakage from flush systems, houses, solid separators -action include:
a. Stop recycle pump.
b. Stop irrigation pump.
c. Make sure no siphon occurs.
d. Stop all flows in the house, flush systems, or solid separators.
e. Repair all leaks prior to restarting pumps.
E: Leakage from base or sidewall of lagoon. Often this is seepage as opposed to flowing
leaks- possible action:
a. Dig a small sump or ditch away from the embankment to catch all seepage, put in a
submersible pump, and pump back to lagoon.
b. If holes are caused by burrowing animals, trap or remove animals and fill holes and
compact with a clay type soil.
c. Have a professional evaluate the condition of the side walls and lagoon bottom as soon
as possible.
2. Assess the extent of the spill and note any obvious damages.
a. Did the waste reach any surface waters?
b. Approximately how much was released and for what duration?
c. Any damage noted, such as employee injury, fish kills, or property damage?
d. Did the spill leave the property?
e. Does the spill have the potential to reach surface waters?
f. Could a future rain event cause the spill to reach surface waters?
g. Are potable water wells in danger (either on or off of the property)?
h. How much reached surface waters?
3: Contact appropriate agencies.
a. During normal business hours, call your DWQ (Division of Water Quality) regional office;
Phone via MJOAfter hours, emergency number: 919-733-3942. Your phone call
should include: your name, facility, telephone number, the details of the incident from item
2 above, the exact location of the facility, the location or direction of movement of the
spill, weather and wind conditions. The corrective measures that have been under taken,
and the seriousness of the situation.
b. If spill leaves property or enters surface waters, call local EMS Phone number 7,04
c. Instruct EMS to contact local Health Department.
d. Contact CES, phone number - - , local SWCD office phone number - - , and
local NRCS office for advice/technical assistance phone number - -
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2 December 18, 1996

4: If none of the above works call 911 or the Sheriffs Department and explain your problem to
them and ask that person to contact the proper agencies for you.
5: Contact the contractor of your choice to begin repair of problem to minimize off -site damage.
a. Contractors Name:
b. Contractors Address:
c. Contractors Phone:
6: Contact the technical specialist who certified tA(NRCS Consulting Engineer, etc.)
a. Name: 9
b. Phone: 33Co , SL 3�
7: Implement procedures as advised by DWQ and technical assistance agencies to rectify the
damage, repair the system, and reassess the waste management plan to keep problems with
release of wastes from happening again.
December 18, 1996

Emergency Response Plan
White Rock Farms, LLC
17- In Case of an Emergency Leak or Failure of Hose Drag System
Implement the following first containment steps:
a. Stop all other activities to address the spill.
b. Use skid loader or tractor with blade to contain or divert spill or leak, if possible.
c. Call for help and excavator if needed.
d. Complete the clean-up and repair the necessary components.
e. Assess the extent of the emergency and request additional help if needed.
Emergency Contacts
Department / Agency
Phone Number
Fire
911
Rescue Services
911
Local authority
911
Available equipment/supplies for responding to emergency
Equipment Type
Contact Person
Phone Number
Nearest excavation equipment
Roddy Purser
704-221-1705
Josh Purser
704-578-3691
Contacts to be made by the owner or operator within 24 hours
Organization
Phone Number
Div. of Water Resources,
910-433-3300
Fayetteville
Environmental Emergency Hotline
800-662-7956
Technical Specialist
336-813-8638x3
Be prepared to provide the following information:
a. Your name and contact information.
b. Farm location and other pertinent identification information.
c. Description of emergency.
d. Estimate of the amounts, area covered, and distance traveled.
e. Whether manure has reached surface waters or major field drains.
f. Whether there is any obvious damage: employee injury, fish kill, or property damage.
g. Current status of containment efforts.

Operation and Maintenance
Hose -Drag
See Emergency Response Plan in case of an emergency leak or failure of hose drag system.
Field Calibration
See "Field Calibration Procedures for Animal Wastewater Application Equipment" for Hose -
Drag Wastewater Equipment for step by step procedure for calibration.
Safety Precautions
See safety precautions provided or available from manufacture of the Cadman manure boom
applicator. This system requires a large tractor to pull hose and system operates under high
pressure. An experienced operator is required to operate system. Working or standing near
hose drag system and pumps could be life threating. Shut down system when near supply lines,
hoses and applicator.
Monitoring during Pumping Activities
Pumping activities shall be monitored closely especially during the start-up phase to insure no
spills or discharges occur. Each time hose -drag system is started, a four wheeler or vehicle will
be used to check all hydrants and the pipeline to insure that everything is working properly.
The pump is equipped with automatic shut-off device to minimize risk of discharge in the event
of a pipe failure.
Agitation
Agitation is the most critical operation in maintaining available storage capacity in waste
storage ponds. Agitation of manure solids re -suspends settled solids and ensures that most or
all of the manure will flow to the pump inlet. Additionally, the agitation homogenizes the
manure mixture and provides a more consistent nutrient content. Samples shall be obtained
for nutrient analysis after waste pond is well mixed. Prior analysis will be used to estimate the
present analysis.
Agitation of manure storage facilities releases gases that may increase odor levels and present a
health hazard. Consideration shall be given to weather and wind conditions, time of day, and
day of week to minimize the possibility of odor conflicts while agitating.
System Start Up
Hook-up hose to applicator on tractor and pull to end of field. Crack valve at pump and slowly
remove air from supply lines. Once air is removed, bring system up to operating pressure and

flowrate. See monitoring during pumping activities above and manufacture recommendations
of hose -drag applicator for safety precautions.
System Shut Down
Tractor operator will let pump operator know to close off system. Approximately 5 minutes
before field is completely covered with waste, the pump operator shall be shut-off pump. Flow
from applicator should stop within 5 minutes.

Dairy Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source Cause BMPs to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Farmstead • Dairy production Vegetative or wooded buffers
Recommended best management practices
I Good judgment and common sense
Paved lots or barn . Wet manure -covered
alley surfaces surfaces
0 Scrape or flush daily
T( Promote drying with proper ventilation
WRoutine checks and maintenance on waterers,
hydrants, pipes, stock tanks
Bedded areas • Urine 0�_�/Promote drying with proper ventilation
• Partial microbial D Replace wet or manure -covered bedding
decomposition
Manure dry stacks . Partial microbial Mr Provide liquid drainage for stored manure
decomposition
Storage tank or basin • Partial microbial O Bottom or mid -level loading
surface decomposition 0 Tank covers
• Mixing while filling O Basin surface mats of solids
• Agitation when emptying 0 Minimize lot runoff and liquid additions
i( Agitate only prior to manure removal
O Proven biological additives or oxidants
Settling basin • Partial microbial Rr Liquid drainage from settled solids
surfaces decomposition Remove solids regularly
• Mixing while filling
• Agitation when emptying
Manure, slurry, or • Agitation when spreading O Soil injection of slurry/sludges
sludge spreader • Volatile gas emissions W Wash residual manure from spreader after use
outlets 71 Proven biological additives or oxidants

Dairy Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source
Cause
BMPs to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Uncovered manure,
• Volatile gas emissions while
0
Soil injection of slurry/sludges
slurry, or sludge on
drying
O
Soil incorporation within 48 hours
field surfaces
i(
Spread in thin uniform layers for rapid drying
0
Proven biological additives or oxidants
Flush tanks
• Agitation of recycled lagoon
O
Flush tank covers
liquid while tanks are filling
O
Extend fill lines to near bottom of tanks with
anti -siphon vents
Outside drain Agitation during wastewater O Box covers
collection or conveyance
junction boxes
Lift stations • Agitation during sump tank 0 Sump tank covers
filling and drawdown
End of drainpipes at • Agitation during wastewater O Extend discharge point of pipes underneath
lagoon conveyance lagoon liquid level
Lagoon surfaces • Volatile gas emission
• Biological mixing
• Agitation
Irrigation sprinkler • High pressure agitation
nozzles • Wind drift
0 Proper lagoon liquid capacity
0 Correct lagoon startup procedures
0 Minimum surface area -to -volume ratio
0 Minimum agitation when pumping
0 Mechanical aeration
0 , Proven biological additives
0 Irrigate on dry days with little or no wind
O Minimum recommended operating procedure
0 Pump intake near lagoon liquid surface
0 Pump from second -stage lagoon
IW Flush residual manure from pipes at end of
slurry/sludge pumpings

Dairy Farm Waste Management Odor Control Checklist
Source Cause BMPs to Minimize Odor Site Specific Practices
Dead animals • Carcass decomposition ,Proper disposition of carcasses
Standing water • Improper drainage "QJ Grade and landscape such that water drains away
around facilities • Microbial decomposition of from facilities
organic matter
Mud tracked onto • Poorly maintained access Farm access road maintenance
public roads from roads
farm access
Additional Information:
Available From :
Cattle Manure Management; .0200 Rule/BMP Packet NCSU, County Extension Center
Dairy Educational Unit Manure Management System —Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory; EBAE 209-95 NCSU—BAE
Lagoon Design and Management for Livestock Manure Treatment and Storage; EBAE 103-83 NCSU—BAE
Management of Dairy Wastewater; EBAE 106-83 NCSU BAE
Calibration of Manure and Wastewater Application Equipment; EBAE Fact Sheet NCSU—BAE
Nuisance Concerns in Animal Manure Management: Odors and Flies; PRO 107, 1995 Conference Proceedings Florida Cooperative Extension

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause BMPs to Control Insects Site Specific Practices
Flush gutters • Accumulation of solids
Lagoons and pits • Crusted solids
Excessive vegetative . Decaying vegetation
growth
Liauid Svstems
" Flush system is designed and operated
sufficiently to remove accumulated solids from
gutters as designed
SI(Remove bridging of accumulated solids at
discharge
O Maintain lagoons, settling basins and pits where
pest breeding is apparent to minimize the crusting
of solids to a depth of no more than 6 to 8 inches
over more than 30 percent of surface
Rr Maintain vegetative control along banks of
lagoons and other impoundments to prevent
accumulation of decaying vegetative matter along
water's edge on impoundment's perimeter.
Dry Svstems
Feeders Feed spillage M Design, operate, and maintain feed systems
(e.g., bunkers and troughs) to minimize the
accumulation of decaying wastage
L�J Clean up spillage on a routine basis (e.g., 7- to 10-
day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day interval
during winter)

Insect Control Checklist for Animal Operations
Source Cause
BMPs to Control Insects Site Specific Practices
Feed storage • Accumulations of feed
Reduce moisture accumulation within and around
residues
immediate perimeter of feed storage areas by
ensuring drainage is away from site and/or
providing adequate containment (e.g., covered bin
for brewer's grain and similar high moisture grain
/products)
H Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
solids in filter strips around feed storage as needed
Animal holding • Accumulations of animal
Eliminate low areas that trap moisture along fences
areas wastes and feed wastage
and other locations where waste accumulates and
disturbance by animals is minimal
Maintain fence rows and filter strips around animal
holding areas to minimize accumulations of wastes
(i.e., inspect for and remove or break up
accumulated solids as needed)
Dry manure • Accumulations of animal
Xr Remove spillage on a routine basis (e.g.,
handling systems wastes
7- to 10-day interval during summer; 15- to 30-day
interval during winter) where manure is loaded for
and application or disposal
Provide for adequate drainage around manure
<�stockpiles
Inspect for and remove or break up accumulated
wastes in filter strips around stockpiles and manure
handling areas as needed
For more information contact:
Cooperative Extension Service, Department of Entomology, Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613.

Version —November 26, 2018
Mortality Management Methods
Indicate which method(s) will be implemented.
When selecting multiple methods indicate a primary versus secondary option.
Methods other than those listed must be approved by the State Veterinarian.
Primary Secondary Routine Mortality
Burial three feet beneath the surface of the ground within 24 hours of knowledge of animal
t i death. The burial must be at least 300 feet from any flowing stream or public body of water
(G.S.106-403). The bottom of the burial pit should be at least one foot above the seasonal
high water table. Attach burial location map and plan.
a Landfill at municipal solid waste facility permitted by NC DEQ under GS 15A NCAC
13B .0200.
Rendering at a rendering plant licensed under G.S. 106-168.7.
aComplete incineration according to 02 NCAC 52C .0102.
A composting system approved and permitted by the NC Department of Agriculture & Con-
sumer Services Veterinary Division (attach copy of permit). If compost is distributed off -farm,
additional requirements must be met and a permit is required from NC DEQ.
a ❑ In the case of dead poultry only, placing in a disposal pit of a size and design approved by the
NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (G.S. 106-549.70).
❑ Any method which, in the professional opinion of the State Veterinarian, would make possible
the salvage of part of a dead animal's value without endangering human or animal health.
(Written approval by the State Veterinarian must be attached).
Mass Mortality Plan
Mass mortality plans are required for farms covered by an NPDES permit. These plans are
also recommended for all animal operations. This plan outlines farm -specific mortality man-
agement methods to be used for mass mortality. The NCDA&CS Veterinary Division sup-
ports a variety of emergency mortality disposal options; contact the Division for guidance.
• A catastrophic mortality disposal plan is part of the facility's CAWMP and is activated
when numbers of dead animals exceed normal mortality rates as specified by the State
Veterinarian.
• Burial must be done in accordance with NC General Statutes and NCDA&CS Veterinary
Division regulations and guidance.
• Mass burial sites are subject to additional permit conditions (refer to facility's animal
waste management system permit).
• In the event of imminent threat of a disease emergency, the State Veterinarian may enact
additional temporary procedures or measures for disposal according to G.S. 106-399.4.
\,j�.
Signature of Farm Owner/Manager
Signature of Technical Spe alist
A111 -�X X -2
Date
Date

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Field Calibration Procedures for Animal
Wastewater Application Equipment
HOSE -DRAG Hose -drag -type equipment has gained popularity in recent years for land
Wastewater application of wastewater' in North Carolina. It offers several advantages
Equipment over traditional irrigation systems including odor reduction, nitrogen
conservation, and a relatively high flow rate that cuts the application time.
Hose -drag systems may also be used to apply wastewater to areas not ac-
cessible by traditional irrigation equipment. For more details on hose drag
systems including tables of application depths for various tractor speeds and
equipment widths refer to Extension publication AG-634, Hose Drag Systems
for Land Application of Liquid Manure and Wastewater.
State law requires field calibration of all land application equipment used
on animal production farms. Specialists certifying animal waste manage-
ment plans must also certify that operators have been provided calibration
and adjustment guidance for all land application equipment.
1 Wastewater in this publication refers to both liquid manure and municipal and industrial wastewater.
General Guidelines their discharge points. Since these two basic types
Several factors determine the distribution of liquid of hose -drag units should be operated with different
wastewater from hose -drag land application equip- : overlap, application rates will differ depending upon
the overlap or "effective application width" chosen
ment:
by the operator.
flow rate
operating pressure
the speed of the tractor pulling the unit
overlap of adjacent passes made by the equip-
ment
This publication explains calibration procedures
for the "low -profile -type" discharge system (Figure
1) and a "boom -type" system. (Figure 2). The two
systems have different spread patterns. The low -
profile -type units discharge close to the ground
either through hooded shrouds or splash plates
and do not spread much beyond their physical
width. They are normally run "edge to edge" in
adjacent passes. Boom -type units discharge from
a slightly higher elevation under slightly more
pressure. Wastewater goes substantially beyond
2
Figure 1_ Hose drag application unit (low -profile -
type).

HOSE -DRAG
WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT
Figure 2. Hose drag (boom -type) unit is shown in
these two photos.
The calibration of hose -drag -type equipment
involves:
1. Verifying tractor speed.
2. Measuring flow rate to the equipment.
3. Establishing the effective application width.
4. Measuring the wetted width of a single pass, and
of two adjacent passes for boom -type units in
order to establish an effective width. The wetted
width of boom -type units can vary with boom
height, nozzle pressure, and with adjustment of
splash -plate angle if so equipped.
5. Figuring the average application depth.
6. Comparing the average application depth to the
depth allowed in the waste utilization plan. Vari-
ables (usually tractor speed) are adjusted as needed
so that actual application depth does not exceed
the allowed depth in the approved plan.
Average application depth in inches can be ob-
tained using:
c Equation 1:
Depth =
Flow rate in gallons per minute
54.9 x Effective width in feet x Tractor speed in miles per hour
The effective width is the distance between the
centerlines of adjacent passes of the unit. For "low -
profile -type" units, the effective width is essentially the
advertised size of the hose drag systems. Typical widths
for these systems are 8, 10, 12, 15, and 20 feet. Tables
showing applied depth for low -profile -type units of the
above listed widths can be found in Table 1.
For boom -type units, the effective width is deter-
mined in the field by measuring the distance between
centerlines of adjacent passes of the unit. Convert
depths obtained from the equation above or to gal-
lons per acre by multiplying by 27,154.
Once the application depth has been determined,
the tractor speed may need to be adjusted to meet
requirements in the waste utilization plan. To find
the tractor speed in miles per hour required to apply a
desired application depth, use:
Equation 2:
Flow rate in gallons per minute
Speed =
54.9 x Application depth in inches x Effective width in feet
While application depths up to 1 inch are allowed
in some waste utilization plans, do not apply more
than 0.75 inch during any given application. Limits
set by the waste utilization plan and existing soil
moisture conditions will determine maximum ap-
plication depths.
Flow rates are determined from a flow meter that
may be permanently mounted on the hose -drag unit
upstream of the distribution box or manifold, or
temporarily placed inline with the hose supplying the
hose -drag unit. If using a hose reel with a temporar-
ily placed meter, position the flow meter between the
hydrant and the reel.

Field Procedure
The field procedure consists of 1) measuring tractor
speed, 2) measuring flow rate, and 3) for boom -type
systems, measuring effective width. Enter collected in-
formation into the appropriate field data sheet (Figure
5 for low -profile type units and Figure 6 for boom -type
units).
Determining Tractor Speed, S
(See Figure 3)
(You will need flags, a stop watch or watch with sec-
ond hand, and a tape measure or measuring wheel).
Repeat steps 2 through 4 below and average the two
measured speeds.
1. Measure a distance over a relatively flat area where
application will occur. A minimum distance of 100
feet is recommended. Set flags at each end.
2. Operate tractor with unit and hose attached, but
no wastewater being discharged, to establish a
targeted speed. Record gear range and gear, throttle
setting (rpm), and speedometer reading (if tractor
has a speedometer).
3. Record the time is takes for the unit to cover the
distance established in step 1. Make sure to start
and stop your watch at either end of the run at a
common point of reference on the unit, such as
when the front axle of the tractor passes the flag.
4. Calculate tractor speed. Tractor speed in miles per
hour can be calculated by using:
I
Equation 3:
Distance in feet
Seconds it takes to cover distance x 1.47
If you use a distance of 100 feet, get tractor speed
by dividing 68.18 by the seconds it takes to cover 100
feet.
Determining Flow Rate, Q:
(You will need a flow meter and a stop watch or
watch with a second hand.)
Determine flow rate by either 1) recording the in-
stantaneous flow rate or 2) by using the flow totalizer
and elapsed time. Measure flow rate with the unit in
motion to avoid over -application and after determin-
ing tractor speed as outlined in the previous section.
1. Run the system in motion until all air is out of
the mainline and hose, and the flow rate has been
stabilized as shown by the flow rate needle or the
digital readout on flowmeter. If a hose reel is used
to supply wastewater, record the pressure at the
reel. If a reel is not used, record the pressure at the
pump.
2a. Record instantaneous flow rate in gallons per min-
ute (gpm).
OR
2b. Subtract beginning flow totalizer reading from
ending flow totalizer reading for a time period not
less than 15 minutes. Convert to gpm by dividing
gallons by elapsed time in minutes. When reading
on
14
Record time (T), sec. to
travel distance (L) ft.
p
Figure 3. When determining tractor speed, travel distance (L) should be at least 100 feet.

HOSE -DRAG
WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT
the totalizer, make sure to note the value of the
last (farthest right) digit. Often this digit indicates
hundreds of gallons, in which case the totalizer
number needs to be multiplied by 100.
Note: Step 2b should be used rather than 2a if
the instantaneous flow rate varies by more than 10
percent after all the air has been purged from the sys-
tem and the flow has stabilized. For flow meters with
needles (normally propeller -type), this is indicated by
a "bouncing" needle.
Determining Effective Width, We (See
Figures 4a, 4b, and 4c):
(You will need flags and a tape measure or measur-
ing wheel.)
low-profle—type units
For "low -profile" -type units (Figure 1 and Figure
4a) operated with little to no overlap (edge -to -edge),
simply record the advertised width. This width is
roughly the width of the unit.
Boom -type units
It is not as easy to determine the effective width
for boom -type units (Figures 2, 4b, and 4c). To
achieve consistent application uniformity between
adjacent passes, the distance between the nozzles in
adjacent passes should be the same as the fixed dis-
tance between the nozzles on the boom. This requires
a tractor pass spacing equal to the number of nozzles
on the boom times the distance between the nozzles
("N" in Figure 4b) . For the case with two nozzles the
effective width should be 2 x N . If the field mea-
sured effective width calculated in the following steps
differs by more than 15 percent of this target value,
adjust the pass distance.
For boom -type units, the wetted widths measured
in step 2 will depend upon nozzle pressure, boom
height, and angle of the splash plates. If boom height
and splash plate angle are adjustable, make note of
these settings as an adjustment will alter the wet-
ted width and, therefore, the calibration. Boom -type
units may also be subject to drift, so calibration of
these units should be done in wind speeds of 5 mph
or less.
1. Measure the distance between the fixed nozzles.
Multiply this distance by the number of nozzles
on the boom to obtain the target effective width.
2. For boom -type units (see Figure 2 and Figure 4b)
that spread wastewater an appreciable distance
from the nozzle:
a. Measure the wetted width of a single pass (Wm)
b. Measure the wetted width of two adjacent passes
(W2m )
Repeat steps 2a. and 2b. twice for a total of three
measurements each. Take these measurements at least
25 feet from each other, and average both wetted
width measurements.
The effective width (W) is:
Equation 4:
W, = W2111 - Wm
The tractor speed, flow rate, and effective width
measurements are used to calculate application depth
in the field data sheet or with Equation 1. Data from
the field data sheet may be used with Equation 2 to
determine the target tractor speed to achieve a desired
application depth.
Interpretation and Adjustments
Compare the calculated application depth against
the depth allowed in the animal waste utilization
plan, and against any problems observed in the field.
If either the application depth measured in the field
is greater than the limit in the waste utilization plan,
or runoff occurs on the field, the application rate is
too high. To reduce the application rate, increase the
tractor speed. The target tractor speed may be calcu-
lated from Equation 2 using the system flow rate and
effective width determined in the field procedure.
If the application rate is less than desired (and
under the permitted limit), reduce tractor speed to
increase the application rate. After adjusting the trac-
tor speed, verify the new speed using the procedure
previously described. In no case should the applica-
tion rate allow ponding or runoff, regardless of the
permitted limit.

C.
W2m
i�
W
e —
(target We = 2 x N)
Figure 4. Determination of a.) effective width (We) for low -profile -type hose drag units; b.) target effective
width for a 2 nozzle boom example, and c.) field -determined effective width for boom -type hose drag units.
To achieve consistent application uniformity,
boom -type units should be driven such that the dis-
tance between nozzles in adjacent passes is about the
same as the distance between the fixed nozzles on the
boom (see Figure 4). In this case the target effective
width (tar8et W ), the distance between the centerline
of the tractor in two adjacent passes, is equal to the
number of nozzles on the boom times the distance
between the fixed nozzles (N). If the field -measured
effective width (W) calculated in Equation 4 differs
by more than 15 percent from the target value, adjust
the pass width.

HOSE -DRAG
WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT
Hose Drag System Calibration Data Sheet for "low -profile" units
Date: Land Owner: Farm No,
1. Determine Tractor Speed, S:
a. Distance ft
Trial Trial Average
b. Elapsed time sec. sec.
(a)
c. Tractor speed = =
(b) X 1.47
2. Determine Flow Rate, Q
Pressure (Pump) psi Reel psi
g. Instantaneous flow rate gpm
or...
d. Ending totalizer reading gallons
e. Beginning totalizer reading gallons
f. Elapsed time between odometer readings min.
Ending odometer reading (d) — beginning odometer reading (e)
g. Flow rate =
Elapsed time (f)
Effective Width, K
Low -profile units (see Figures 1 and 4a)
h. Effective width ft.
Application Depth, D =
(g) gpm
54.9 X (h) We X (c) speed
mph
gpm
= inches
Figure S. Field Data Sheet for "low -profile" units
9

Hose Drag System Calibration Data Sheet for "boom -type" units
Date: Land Owner: Farm No.
1. Determine Tractor Speed, S:
a. Distance ft
Trial Trial Average
b. Elapsed time sec. sec.
(a)
c. Tractor speed = =
(b) X 1.47
2. Determine Flow Rate, Q
Pressure (Pump) psi Reel psi
g. Instantaneous flow rate gpm
or...
d. Ending totalizer reading gallons
e. Beginning totalizer reading gallons
f. Elapsed time between odometer readings min.
Ending odometer reading (d) — inning odometer reading (e)
g. Flow rate =
Elapsed time (f)
Effective Width, W.
Boom -type units (see Figures 2, 4b, and 4c)
h. Distance between nozzles (N) ft. i. Number of nozzles
Target We = (i) X (h) = ft.
Distance boom to ground in. Splash plate angle from horizontal degrees
Trial Trial Trial Average
j. Wetted Width of 1 pass (Wm), ft.
k. Wetted Width of 2 passes (WZm) ft.
I. Measured We = W2m (k) - (Wzm) = ft.
(g) gpm
Application Depth, D = = inches
54.9 X (1)We X (c) speed
Figure 6. Field Data Sheet for "boom -type" units
8
gpm
mph

HOSE -DRAG
WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT
Table 1. Application depths (inches) for 8400t hose drag waste application systems by discharge and tractor speed
Note: To obtain gallons per acre, multiply application depth (inches) in table by 27,154. Application depths to 7.00 inch are shown but
applications greater than 0.75 inch are not recommended.
Tractor Speed (mph)
Discharge (gpmj
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
200
0.91
0.46
0.30
0.23
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
225
-
0.51
0.34
0.26
0.21
0.17
0.15
0.13
250
0.57
0.38
0.28
0.23
0.19
0.16
0.14
275
0.63
0.42
0.31
0.25
0.21
0.18
0.16
300
0.68
0.46
0.34
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.17
325
0..74
0.49
0.37
0.30
0.25
0.21
0.19
350
0.80
0.53
0.40
0.32
0.27
0.23
0.20
375
-
0.85.
0.57
0.43
1 0.34
0.28
0.24
0.21
400
-
0.91
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.23
425
0.97
0.65
0.49
0.39
0.32
0.28
0.24
450
-
0.68
0.51
0.41
0.34
0.29
0.26.
475
-
0.72
0.54
0.43
0.36
0.31
0.27
500
0.76
0.57
0.46
0.38
0.33
0.28
525
0.80
0.60
0.48
0.40
0.34
0.30
550
0.84
0.63
0.50
0.42
0.36
0.31
575
0.87
0.66
0.52
0.44
0.37
0.33
600
0.91
0.68
0.55
0.46
0.39
0.34
625
0.95
0.71
0.57
0.47
0.41
0.36
650
0.99
0.74
0.59
0.49
0.42
0.37
67
0.77
0.62
0.51
0.44
0.38
700
0.80
0.64
0.53
0.46
0.40
725
0.83
0.66
0.55
0.47
0.41
750
0.85
0.68
0.57
0.49
0.43
775
-
-
-
0.88
0.71
0.59
0.50
0.44
800
0.91
0.73
0.61
0.52
0.46
825
0.94
0.75
0.63
0.54
0.47
850
0.97
0.77
0.65
0.55
0.48
875
-
1.00
0.80
0.66
0.57
0.50
900
0.82
1 0.68
0.59
1 0.51
Table 2. Application depths (inches) for 10-foot hose drag waste application systems by discharge and tractor speed
Note: To obtain gallons per acre, multiply application depth (inches) in table by 27,154. Application depths to 1.00 inch are shown but
applications greater than 0.75 inch are not recommended.
Tractor Speed (mph)
Discharge ( pm).
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
200
0.73
0.36
0.24
0.18
0.15
0.12
0.10
0.09
225
0.82
0.41
0.27
0.21
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
250
0.91
0.46
0.30
0.23
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
275
1.00
0.50
0.33
0.25
0.20
0.17
0.14
0.13
300
Ms
0.36
0.27
0.22
0.18
0.16
0.14
325
0.59
0.39
0.30
0.24
0.20
0.17
0.15
350
-
0.64
0.43
0.32
0.26
0.21
0.18
0.16
375
0.68
0.46
0.34
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.17
400
0.73
0.49
0.36
0.29
0.24
0.21
0.18
425
0.77
0.52
0.39
0.31
0.26
0.22
0.19
450
0.82
0.55
0.41
0.33
0.27
0.23
0.21
475
0.87
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.29
0.25
0.22
500
0.91
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.23
525
0.96
0.64
0.48
1 0.38
0.32
0.27
0.24
550
-
1.00
0.67
0.50
0.40
0.33
0.29
0.25
575.
-
-
0.70
0.52
0.42
0.35
0.30
0.26
600
-
-
0.73
0.55
0.44
0.36
0.31
0.27
625
0.76
0.57
0.46
0.38
0.33
0.28
650
-
0.79
0.59
0.47
0.39
0.34
0.30
675
-
-
0.82
0.62
0.49
0.41
0.35
0.31
700
0.85
0.64
0.51
0.43
0.36
0.32
725
0.88
0.66
1 0.53
0.44
0.39
0.33
750
0.91
0.68
0.55
0.46
0.39
0.34
775
0.94
0.71
0.57
0.47
0.40
0.35
800
-
0.97
0.73
0.58
0.49
0.42
0.36
825
1.00
0.75
0.60
0.50
0.43
0.38
850
0.77
0.62
0.52
0.44
0.39
875
0.80
0.64
0.53
0.46
0.40
900
0.82
0.66
0.55
0.47
0.41

Table 3. Application depths (inches) for 12-foot hose drag waste application systems by discharge and tractor speed
Note: To obtain gallons per acre, multiply application depth (inches) in table by 27,154. Application depths to 1.00 inch are shown but
applications greater than 0.75 inch are not recommended.
Tractor Speed (mph)
Discharge (gpm)
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
300
0.91
0.46
0.30
0.23
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
325
0.99
0.49
0.33
0.25
0,20
0.16
0.14
0.12
350
0.53
0.35
0.27
0.21
0.18
0.15
0.13
375
0.57
0.38
0.28
0.23
0,19
0.16
0,14
400
-
0.61
0.41
0,30
0.24
0.20
0.17
0.15
425
0.65
0.43
0.32
0.26
0.22
1 0.18
0.16
450
0.68
0.46
0.34
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.17
475
0.72
0.49
0.36
0-29
0.24
0.21
0.18
500
0.76
0.51
0.38
0.30
0.25
0.22
0.19
525
0.80
0.53
0.40
0.32
0.27
0.23
0.20
550
0.84
0.56
0.42
0.33
0.28
0.24
0.21
575
-
0.87
0.58
0.44
0.35
0.29
0.25
0.22
600
-
0.91
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.23
625
-
0.95
0.63
0.47
1 0.38
0.32
0.27
0.24
650
-
0.99
0.66
0.49
0.39
0.33
0.28
0.25
675
0.68
0.51
0.41
0.34
0.29
0.26
700
-
0.71
0.53
0.43
0.35
0.30
0.27
725
0.73
0.55
0.44
0.37
0.31
0.28
750
-
0.76
0.57
0.46
0.38
0.33
0.28
775
-
0.78
0.59
0.47
0.39
0.34
0.29
800
0.81
0.61
0.49
0.41
0.35
0.30
825
0.84
0.63
0.50
0.42
0.36
0.31
850
-
0.86
0.65
0.52
0.43
0.37
0.32
875
0.89
0.66
0.53
0.44
0.38
0,33
900
0.91
0.68
0.55
0.46
0.39
0.34
925
0.94
0.70
0.56
0.47
0.40
0.35
950
0.96
0.72
0.58
0.41
0.41
036
975
-
-
0.99
0.74
0.59
0.49
0.42
0.37
1,000
0.76
0.61
0.51
0.43
0.38
Table 4. Application depths (inches) for 15-foot hose drag waste application systems by discharge and tractor speed
Note: To obtain gallons per acre, multiply application depth (inches) in table by 27,754. Application depths to 1.00 inch are shown but
applications greater than 0.75 inch are not recommended,
Tractor Speed (mph)
Discharge (gpm)
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
300
0.73
0.36
0.24
0.18
0.15
0.12
0.10
0.09
325
0.79
0.39
0.26
0.20
0.16
0,13
0,11
0,10
350
0.85
0.43
0.28
0.21
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.11
375
0.91
0.46
0.30
0.23
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
400
0.97
0.49
0.32
0.24
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.12
425
0.52
0.34
0.26
0.21
0.17
0.15
0.13
450
0.55
0.36
0.27
1 0.22
0.18
0.16
0.14
475
0.58
0.38
0.29
0.23
0.19
0.16
0,14
500
0.61
0.41
0.30
0.24
0.20
0.17
0.15
525
0.64
0.43
0.32
0.26
0.21
0.18
0.16
550
0.67
0.45
0.33
0.27
0.22
0.19
0.17
575
-
0.70
0.47
0.35
0.28
0.23
0.20
0.17
600
-
0.73
0.49
0.36
0.29
0.24
0.21
0.18
625
0.76
0.51
0.38
0.30
0.25
0.22
0.19
650
0.79
0.53
0.39
1 0.32
0.26
0.23
0.20
675
0.82
0.55
0.41
0.33
0.27
0.23
0.21
700
0.85
0.57
0.43
0.34
0.28
0.24
0.21
725
0.88
0.59
0.44
0.35
0.29
0.25
0.22
750
0.91
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.23
775
-
0.94
0.63
0.47
0.38
0.31
0.27
0.24
800
0.97
0.65
0.49
0.39
0.32
0.28
0.24
825
1.00
0.67
0.50
0.40
0.33
0.29
0.25
850
-
0.69
0.52
0.41
0.34
0.30
0.26
875
0.71
0,53
0.43
0.35
0.30
0.27
900
0.73
0.55
0.44
0.36
0.31
0.27
925
0.75
0.56
0.45
0.37
0.32
0.28
950
0.77
0,58
0.46
0.38
0.33
0.29
975
0.79
0.59
0.47
0.39
0.34
0.30
1,000
0.81
0.61
0.49
0.41
1 0.35
1 0.30
In

NOSE -DRAG
WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT
Table 5. Application depths (inches) for 20-foot hose drag waste application systems by discharge and tractor speed
Note: To obtain gallons per acre, multiply application depth (inches) in table by 27,754. Application depths to 7.00 inch are shown but
applications greater than 0.75 inch are not recommended.
Tractor Speed (mph)
Discharge ( pm)
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
500
0.91
0.46
0.30
0.23
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
525
0.99
0.48
0.32
0.24
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.12
550
1.0
0.50
0.33
0.25
0.20
0.17
0.14
0.13
575
0.52
0.35
0.26
0.21
0.17
0.15
0.13
600
-
0.55
0.36
0.27
0.22
0.18
0.16
0.14
625
0.57
0.38
0.28
0.23
0.19
0.16
0.14
650
-
0.59
0.39
0.30
0.24
0.20
0.17
0.1.5
675
0.62
0.41
0.31
0.25
0.21
0.18
0.15
700
0.64
0.43
0.32
0.26
0.21
0.18
0.16
725
-
0.66
0.44
0.33
0.26
0.22
0.19
0.17
750
-
0.68
0.46
0.34
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.17
775
0.71
0.47
0.35
0.28
0.24
0.20
0.18
800
0.73
0.49
0.36
0.29
0.24
0.21
0,18
825
0.75
0.50
0.38
1 0.30
0.25
0.21
0.19
850
0.77
0.52
0.39
0.31
0.26
0.22
0.19
875
0.80
0.53
0.40
0.32
0.27
0.23
0.20
900
0.82
0.55
0.41
0.33
0.27
0.23
0.21
925
0.84
0.56
0.42
0.34
0.28
0.24
0.21
950
-
0.87
0.58
0.43
0.35
0.29
0.25
0.22
975
-
0.89
0,59
0.44
0.36
0.30
0.25
0.22
1,000
0.91
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.30
0.26
0,23
1,025
0.93
0.62
0.47
0.37
0.31
0.27
0.23
1,050
0.96
0.64
0.48
0.38
0.32
0.27
0.24
1,075
0.98
0.65
0.49
0.39
0.33
0.28
0.24
1,100
1.00
0.67
0.50
0.40
0.33
0.29
0.25
1,125
-
0.68
0.51
0.41
0.34
0.29
0.26
1,150
-
0.70
0.52
0.42
0.35
0 .30
0.26
1,175
0.71
0.54
6.43
0.36
0.31
0.27
1,200
0.73
0.55
0.44
0.36
0.31 1
0.27
11

Prepared by
Garry Grabow, Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Karl Shaffer, Extension Associate, Department of Soil Science
and
Sanjay Shah, Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Figure 1 shows an AerWay unit with Hydro Engineering manifold, and Figure 2 shows a Cadman two nozzle boom with splash plate kit.
7,750 copies of this public document were printed at a cost of $3,991.00 or $0.52 per copy.
Published by
NORTH CAROLINA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE
C O L L E G E O F
AGRICULTURE,: LIFE SCIENCES
ACADEMICS A RESEARCH & EXTENSION
AG-553-8 12107-7.75M—JMG
E08-50257

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Field Calibration Procedures for Semi -Solid
Animal Waste Application Equipment
LOAD -AREA Information presented in manufacturer's charts are based on average operat-
METHOD ing conditions for relatively new equipment. Discharge rates and application
SPREADER SYSTEM rates change over time as equipment gets older and components wear. For
pump and haul application equipment, application rates and patterns may
vary depending on forward travel and/or PTO speed, gear box settings, gate
openings, operating pressures, spread widths, and overlaps.
Equipment should be calibrated on a regular basis to ensure proper appli-
cation rates and uniformity. Calibration is a simple procedure involving col-
lecting and measuring the material being applied at several locations in the
application area. Calibration helps ensure that nutrients from animal waste
are applied efficiently and at proper rates.
Pump and Haul Application Systems
Liquid applicators and tank spreaders are an alterna-
tive to irrigation systems for transporting and apply-
ing liquid lagoon effluent, liquid manure slurries, and
lagoon sludges. Proper location and design of pump-
ing and loading pads are necessary to protect equip-
ment and operators and avoid damaging the lagoon
dike or embankment. Care should be taken to mini-
mize spills during loading and transport.
Semi -solid (slurry) applicators can be calibrated by
one of two methods: load -area method, and weight -
area method (see AG-553-4). Liquid applicators are
best calibrated by the load -area method.
Load -Area Method
To use the load -area method, you must know the
spreader capacity. Spreader capacity is normally rated
by the manufacturer and often is indicated on the
application equipment. Liquid spreaders are normally
rated in gallons while semi -solid spreaders are rated in
either bushels or cubic feet.
As the name implies, the load -area method
involves applying a full load to a measured area. For
ease of measurement, it is best to use a rectangular
field pattern_ For PTO -driven spreaders, application
rate is dependent on ground speed so a uniform
speed must be maintained throughout the swath
length. Ground -driven applicators apply reasonably
uniform rates independent of ground speed.
Load -Area Method Calibration
Procedure
Spread at least one full load of manure in a
rectangular field pattern.
2. Measure the length and width of coverage. Do
not include the outer fringe areas of the coverage
which receive much lighter applications than the
overlapped areas.
3. Multiply the length (feet) by the width (feet) and
divide by 43,560 to determine the coverage area in
acres.
4. Divide the weight or volume of load of manure in
the spreader by the acres covered to determine the
application rate in tons or gallons per acre.
5. If the application rate (Item 4) is not acceptable,
repeat the procedure at different spreader settings,
speeds, or both until the desired application rate
(tons or gallons per acre) is achieved.

LOAD -AREA METHOD
SPREADER SYSTEM
CALIBRATING LIQUID MANURE SPREADERS USING THE LOAD -AREA METHOD
1. Determine the capacity of the manure spreader.
a. gallons
2. Spread at least one full load using the regular spreading patterns of the applicator.
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
b. Forward speed, gear, or
throttle setting
c. PTO speed or setting
d. Spreader gate setting
3. Measure the area of spread.
e. Spread area width
ft
f. Spread area length
ft
g. Spread area (e X f)
ft2
h. Spread area (g - 43,560)
acre
4. Compute the manure application rate.
i. Number of loads spread
j. Capacity per load (a)
gallons
k. Total manure spread (i X j)
gallons
I. Application rate (k - h)
gal/acre
5. Compute the nutrient application rate.
m. Manure analysis N
Ibs/1000 gallons
P 2 0 5
Ibs/1000 gallons
K 2 0
Ibs/1000 gallons
n. Application rate N Ibs/acre
(I X manure P 2 0 5 Ibs/acre
analysis number
1000) K 2 0 Ibs/acre
6. If the application rate is not acceptable, repeat the procedure at different spreader settings, speeds (Item 2),
or both, until the desired application rate is achieved.

Prepared by
I.C. Barker, Biological and Agricultural Engineering Extension Specialist
R.O. Evans, Biological and Agricultural Engineering Extension Specialist
D.A. Crouse, Soil Science Extension Specialist
2,500 copies of this public document were printed at a cost of $577, or $.23 per copy.
Published by
NORTH CAROLINA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE
Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Employment and program opportunities are offered to all people
regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. North Carolina State University, North Carolina A&T State University, U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture, and local governments cooperating.
7/97-2.5M-1MG/KEL AG-553-5
E97 31963