20120288 Ver 5_CAMA Application_20231006

ROY COOPER
Governor
lktv
ELIZABETH S. BISERSecretary
BRAXTON DAVIS
NORTH CAROLINA
Director
Environmental Quality
October 5, 2023
Mr. Greg Finch
Davey Resource Group
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15
Wilmington, NC 28403
Dear Mr. Finch:
The Division of Coastal Management hereby acknowledges receipt of your application, acting as agent for the
Village of Bald Head Island, for State approval of a Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14 authorizing
use of Frying Pan Shoals as a borrow site located adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean and the Cape Fear River,
Brunswick County. It was received as complete on 10/4/23 and appears to be adequate for processing at this
time. The projected deadline for making a decision is 12/18/23. An additional 75-day review period is
provided by law when such time is necessary to complete the review. If you have not been notified of a final
action by the initial deadline stated above, you should consider the review period extended. Under those
circumstances, this letter will serve as your notice of an extended review. However, an additional letter will be
provided on or about the 75th day.
If this agency does not render a permit decision within 70 days from 10/4/23 you may request a meeting with
the Director of the Division of Coastal Management and permit staff to discuss the status of your project. Such
a meeting will be held within five working days from the receipt of your written request and shall include the
applicant and project designer/consultant.
NCGS I I3A-119(b) requires that Notice of an application be posted at the location of the proposed
development. Enclosed you will find a "Notice of Permit Filing" postcard which must be posted at the
property of your proposed development. You should post copies of this notice at a conspicuous point along
the project area where it can be observed by the public. Failure to post this notice could result in an incomplete
application.
An onsite inspection will be made, and if additional information is required, you will be contacted by the
appropriate State or Federal agency. Please contact me if you have any questions and notify me in writing if
you wish to receive a copy of my field report and/or comments from reviewing agencies.
Sincerely,
Heather Coats
Beach & Inlet Management Project Coordinator
cc: MHC Files, DCM Chris McCall, VBHI
Emily Hughes, COE Michael Mellinger, DWR
D E Q North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH-ROLINA —
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DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
FIELD INVESTIGATION REPORT
APPLICANT'S NAME: Village of BHI
PROJECT NAME: Jay Bird Shoals Beach Nourishment Project- Maj Mod 91-14
2. LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE: Project site includes an approximately 72.8 acre proposed
borrow area on the northern side of the historically used Jay Bird Shoals borrow area and
approximately 12,936 linear feet of beachfront fill area along South Beach adjacent to the Atlantic
Ocean and the Cape Fear River, on Bald Head Island, Brunswick County.
Approximate Coordinates: Start: Lat: 33" 51.89'N/ 33' 50.95'N Long: 78' 0.57'W/ 77' 58.75'W
End: Lat: 33151.18'N/ 33' 50.57'N Long: 77' 59.46'W/ 77' 57.63'W
3. INVESTIGATION TYPE: CAMA/ Dredge & Fill
4. INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE: Date of Scoping Meeting — 6/21/23
5. PROCESSING PROCEDURE: Application Received — 8/4/23 Complete- 10/4/23
Office — Wilmington
6. SITE DESCRIPTION:
(A) Local Land Use Plan — Village of Bald Head Island
Land Classification From LUP — Disposal Area Only- Conservation
(B) AEC(s) Involved: SPIMA (OH), PT, EW
(C) Water Dependent: Yes
(D) Intended Use: Public
(E) Wastewater Treatment: Existing — N/A Planned - N/A
(F) Type of Structures: Existing — N/A Planned - N/A
(G) Estimated Rate of Erosion: 0'-15.2' per year Source- 2019 LTAAER Update
7. HABITAT DESCRIPTION:
DREDGED
[AREA]
FILLED
(A) Open Water (Below Mean Low Water)
72.8 acres
Frying Pan Shoals
(B) Oceanfront Beach above MHW
—29 acres
Beach Profile below MHW
—119 acres
(D) Total Area Disturbed: —148 acres (Beach fill)/72.8 acres (Excavation)
(E) Primary Nursery Area: No
(F) Water Classification: SB Open: No
8. PROJECT SUMMARY: The applicant is proposing a Major Modification of State Permit No. 91-
14 for beach renourishment on South Beach and the use of Jay Bird Shoals as the borrow area.
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH CAROLINA
.'..ene or en.troomo bl a-lity /"� 910.796.7215

Village of Bald Head Island
Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14
Page Two
9. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Bald Head Island is part of an island group known as Smith Island, located east of the confluence of
the Cape Fear River and Atlantic Ocean between Oak Island/Caswell Beach in Brunswick County
and Ft. Fisher to the north in New Hanover County. The island is accessed by private boat or a
private ferry service from Southport. The project's proposed borrow area is located along the
northern side of Jay Bird Shoals located southwest of Bald Head Island. The proposed area
encompasses approximately 72.8 acres and is located immediately north and adjacent to their
previously used Jay Bird Shoals borrow area.
The project's proposed disposal area consists of two locations at opposite ends of South Beach. The
western location extends from Station 52+64 near the point at the west end of South Beach to Station
122+00 and the eastern location extends from Station 162+00 to Station 222+00 just east of the
Shoals Club (see Sheets 2-4 of 9).
Both areas are located within the Ocean Hazard Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) and
specifically within the State Port Inlet Management Area. The annual erosion rate for the project
area ranges from 0 — 15.2'/year per the Division of Coastal Management's 2019 Long Term Average
Annual Erosion Rate update study. Within the two proposed nourishment areas, erosion rates
generally increase in a west to east direction within the two disposal areas, with the highest erosion
rate at the intersection of South Beach and East Beach (Station 222+00).
The disposal portion of the project predominantly falls within the USACE Wilmington Harbor Sand
Management Plan project area, which authorizes the placement of material excavated from the
federal navigation channel on South Beach at Years 2 and 4 of a 6-year cycle, although it appears the
limits of the currently proposed project extend marginally east of the historically placed limits of the
federal project. South Beach last received sand under the federal project this past winter (2022-23),
although disposal did not extend to the easternmost extent of South Beach. The nourishment event
that occurred under this permit (#91-14) took place in the winter of 2018-19 with Jay Bird Shoals as
the borrow area. Beach placement for that event did not extend east of Station 146+00. State Permit
#91-14 was issued to the Village of Bald Head Island on October 21, 2014 for construction of a
terminal groin structure and associated sand fillet. Phase I of the terminal groin (a 1100 ft. long
section) was constructed at "The Point" in 2015. State Permits #9-95 & #67-09, both issued to the
Village of Bald Head Island, also historically authorized nourishment of South Beach prior to the
issuance of Permit #91-14. The table below shows historical placements locations and volumes,
sourced from the most recent annual monitoring report:
D North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
EQ>
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH CAROLINA
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Village of Bald Head Island
Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14
Page Three
Year
Volume
Sponsor
Location
1991
0.35 + Mcy
VBHI
(Sta. 24+00 to 138+00)
1996
0.65 ± Mcy
VBHI
(Sta. 24+00 to 142+00)
1997
0.45 f Mcy
VBHI
(Sta. 24+00 to 128+00)
2001
1.849 ± Mcy
USACE*
South Beach (Sta. 41+60 to 205+50)
2005
1.217 ± Mcy
USACE*
South Beach (Sta. 46+00 to 126+00)
2006
47,800 cy
VBHI
West Beach (Sta. 16+00 to 34+00)
2007
0.9785 + Mcy
USACE*
South Beach (Sta. 46+00 to 174+00)
2009/10
1.850 Mcy
VBHI
West Beach (Sta. 8+00 to 32+00)
South Beach (Sta. 40+00 to 190+00)
2012
137,990 cy
FEMA/VBHI
West Beach & Western South Beach
2013
1.566+ Mcy
USACE*
South Beach (Sta. 44+00 to 150+00)
92,500 cy
West Beach (Sta. 8+00 to 27+00)
2015
1.33 ± Mcy
USACE*
South Beach (Sta. 41+50 to 154+00)
2016/17
50,000 cy
VBHI
West Beach and Row Boat Row
2018/19
1.1 Mcy
VBHI
South Beach (Sta. 49+00 to Sta. 146+00)
2021
1.61 Mcy
USACE
South Beach (Sta. 60+00 to Sta. 212+00)
2023
1.3 Mcy
USACE
South Beach (Sta. 60+00 to Sta. 165+00)
Beach disposal or sand placement activities at Bald Head Island since 1991.
* Disposal pursuant to the WHSMP. Dredge volume estimate (pre -losses).
The waters of the Atlantic Ocean contiguous with this portion of the Cape Fear River are classified as
SB by the North Carolina Division of Water Resources. The waters are not designated as a Primary
Nursery Area (PNA) by the N.C. Division of Marine Fisheries. They are CLOSED to the harvesting
of shellfish.
PROPOSED PROJECT:
The applicant is proposing a Major Modification of State Permit No. 91-14 for the use of Jay Bird
Shoals as a borrow site, with associated beach nourishment at the two opposite ends of South Beach,
Bald Head Island. The application continues to state that the permitted terminal groin, sand tube groins
and periodic nourishment events through the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Wilmington Harbor
project are not sufficient alone to mitigate erosion on South Beach. A Major Modification application
request was previously submitted requesting use of Frying Pan Shoals, however significant concerns
were raised by resource agencies regarding the use of Frying Pan Shoals, which has led to the
applicant's reevaluation of sand sources and the currently proposed expansion of Jay Bird Shoals.
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH CAROLINA
.,..ene or en.troomo bl a-lity /"� 910.796.7215

Village of Bald Head Island
Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14
Page Four
The expanded Jay Bird Shoals proposed sand source is located immediately to the north of the
previously used borrow area (see Sheets 1, and 6- 9). According to multiple Vibracores analyzed for
sand quality (see Appendix D- 2022 Geotechnical Investigation Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area
Expansion), the applicant has determined that composite samples from the borrow site contain 96.2%
average sand content by weight, a composite average of 2.6% fines, 0.4% granular sized material and
0.5% gravel (see the Oct 2022 "Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Site Expansion Investigation" by Olsen
Associates, Inc. and Narrative). Erik Olsen with Olsen Associates, Inc. has certified the sediment is
compatible with the native beach and meets the technical standards for beach fill projects described in
15A NCAC 07H .0312.
The application states that excavation would be conducted to a maximum depth of -22 ft. NGVD29
with an addition +2 ft. overdepth proposed (see Sheet 8 of 9) utilizing a 24"-30" cutter suction
dredge. A submerged pipeline would provide disposal on the South Beach shoreline. According to
the applicant, existing water depths of the overall borrow area range from approximately -5 to -16
NGVD29 (See Sheets 8-9). Hydrographic surveys and a submerged cultural resource remote -sensing
survey resulted in the identification and proposal of a single buffer area immediately outside the
proposed sand source to be avoided (see Sheets 7 and 9 of 9 and Appendix C- T.A.R. Archeological
Report).
The narrative states physical monitoring of the proposed excavation area would be conducted by the
Village of Bald Head Island immediately after construction, and annually for three years, then
biannually after the third year. Monitoring would include the entire borrow site and a 500' buffer
outside the borrow area. The applicant states that monitoring data would be utilized to
calculate deposition rates or "recharge" of the site as part of the existing BHI comprehensive
Shoreline Monitoring Program, which is reported annually. (Copies of past reports are available upon
request.)
The proposed limits of the beach fill template would extend from Station 52+64 to Station 122+00 on
the west side of South Beach and from Station 162+00 to 222+00 at the eastern side of South Beach.
The applicant states that the beach construction berm would conform to the previously authorized
maximum berm elevation of +9' NGVD29. The beach profile would result in a total approximate
average fill width of 450' along the length of the two placement areas along the western and eastern
ends of South Beach, and a total combined shoreline length of 12,936'. The placement template would
be constructed at a 15H:1V slope (see Sheets 3-5 of 9) with an average berm width of approximately
150'. According to the applicant, an estimated 119 acres of fill (-800,000 cubic yards) would be placed
below mean high water. The proposed beach fill project would excavate up to 1 million cubic yards of
material. It is estimated that the identified Jay Bird Shoals Site has a maximum compatible volume of
1.4 million cubic yards of material available within the proposed dredge template. The application
states work would be conducted from Nov 16 to April 1. Physical monitoring of the borrow area would
take place for 3 years post -construction and biennially after the 3 year time period to calculate infilling
rates.
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH CAROLINA
.,..ene or en.troomo bl a-lity /"� 910.796.7215

Village of Bald Head Island
Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14
Page Five
10. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS:
The proposed excavation of the Jay Bird Shoals Borrow site could result in the excavation of up to
72.8 acres of Public Trust Area and Estuarine Waters. The subsequent beach disposal would result
in the filling of approximately 29 acres of unvegetated beach above MHW and approximately 119
acres of area below MHW. Increases in turbidity should be expected during construction.
The applicant has stated that standard conservation measures would be applied, as outlined in
Section 3.1.4 of the narrative (Avoidance and Minimization Measures). The application states that
no vegetative plantings are proposed with the project and the Village of Bald Head Island will be
responsible for any site revegetation or stabilization that is deemed necessary by resource agencies in
a separate contract. The application also states visual surveys of escarpments and remediation would
be conducted prior to turtle nesting season and that work would occur during the winter months to
reduce biological impacts; however, a November 16- April 1 window has been proposed in the
application.
Submitted by: Heather Coats Date: October 5, 2023 Office: Wilmington
D E Q�� North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
NORTH CAROLINA
o.'.mm.oe or eo.tromm. bl a-lity /"� 910.796.7215

Major Modification to
CAMA Permit # 91-14
For:
Village of Bald Head Island
Beach Renourishment Project
Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
Prepared By:
Davey Resource Group, Inc. (Agent)
3805 Wrightsville Avenue
Wilmington, North Carolina
and
Olsen Associates, Inc. (Project Engineer)
2618 Herschel Street
Jacksonville, FL 32204
Revised September 15, 2023
*Narrative Revised 10.4.23

Contents
1. Form DCM-MP-1...................................................................................................................................1
2. Form DCM MP-2...................................................................................................................................5
3. DCM MP-1 Section 6.0 Additional Information....................................................................................7
3.1 Section 6. a. Project Narrative......................................................................................................7
3.1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................7
3.1.2 Investigations........................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.3 Proposed Work...................................................................................................................10
3.1.4 Avoidance and Minimization Measures..............................................................................10
3.1.5 Post -Construction Monitoring............................................................................................11
Appendices
Appendix A -Site Location Map and Work Plats
Appendix B-Agent Authorization and Adjacent Riparian Owner Notifications
Appendix C-T.A.R. Archaeological Report
Appendix D-Geotechnical Report
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina

1. Form DCM-MP-1
APPLICATION for
Major Development Permit
(last revised 12/27/06)
North Carolina DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
1. Primary Applicant Landowner Information
Business Name
Project Name (if applicable)
Village of Bald Head Island
Village of Bald Head Island Beach Renourishment Project
Applicant 1: First Name
MI
Last Name
Chris
NA
McCall
Applicant 2: First Name
MI
Last Name
Jae
NA
Kim
If additional applicants, please attach an additional page(s) with names listed.
Mailing Address
PO Box
City
State
106 Lighthouse Wynd
NA
Bald Head Island
NC
ZIP
Country
Phone No.
FAX No.
28461
USA
910-457-9700
NA
Street Address (if different from above)
City
State
ZIP
NA
Email
[e-mail] ; [e-mail]
2. AgentContractor Information
Business Name
Davey Resource Group
Agent/ Contractor 1: First Name
MI
Last Name
Christian
Preziosi
Agent/ Contractor 2: First Name
MI
Last Name
Greg
Finch
Mailing Address
PO Box
City
State
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15
Wilmington
NC
ZIP
Phone No. 1
Phone No. 2
28403
910-452-0001
ext. NA
NA ext. NA
FAX No.
Contractor #
NA
NA
Street Address (if different from above)
City
State
ZIP
NA
Email
[e-mail] ; [e-mail]
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina

3. Project Location
County (can be multiple)
Street Address
State Rd. #
Brunswick
NA
NA
Subdivision Name
City
State
Zip
NA
Village of Bald Head Island
NC
28461
Phone No.
Lot No.(s) (if many, attach additional page with list)
NA
NA
a. In which NC river basin is the project located?
b. Name of body of water nearest to proposed project
Cape Fear
Atlantic Ocean
c. Is the water body identified in (b) above, natural or manmade?
d. Name the closest major water body to the proposed project site.
®Natural ❑Manmade ❑Unknown
Atlantic Ocean
e. Is proposed work within city limits or planning jurisdiction?
f. If applicable, list the planning jurisdiction or city limit the proposed
®Yes ❑No
work falls within.
Village of Bald Head Island
4.
Site Description
a.
Total length of shoreline on the tract (ft.)
b. Size of entire tract (sq.ft.)
Placement Area: 12,936 ft
NA
c.
Size of individual lot(s)
d. Approximate elevation of tract above NHW (normal high water) or
NA
NWL (normal water level)
(if many lot sizes, please attach additional page with a list)
Elevation varies 0 ft to 6 ft ®NHW or ❑NWL
e.
Vegetation on tract
Nourishment area consists of unvegetated intertidal beach and unvegetated upper beach (i.e. supratidal).
f.
Man-made features and uses now on tract
Sand tube groins, dune crossovers, terminal groin at western terminus (Sta 48+00)
g.
Identify and describe the existing land uses adjacent to the proposed project site.
Residential homes, businesses, and public infrastructure (e.g. roads, water, sewer, etc.)
h.
How does local government zone the tract?
i. Is the proposed project consistent with the applicable zoning?
NA
(Attach zoning compliance certificate, if applicable)
❑Yes ❑No ®NA
j.
Is the proposed activity part of an urban waterfront redevelopment proposal? ❑Yes ®No
k.
Has a professional archaeological assessment been done for the tract? If yes, attach a copy. ®Yes ❑No ❑NA
If yes, by whom? T.A.R. 2022 See Appendix C
I.
Is the proposed project located in a National Registered Historic District or does it involve a National ❑Yes ®No ❑NA
Register listed or eligible property?
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina

m. (i) Are there wetlands on the site? ❑Yes ®No
(ii) Are there coastal wetlands on the site? ❑Yes ®No
(iii) If yes to either (i) or (ii) above, has a delineation been conducted? ❑Yes ®No
(Attach documentation, if available)
n. Describe existing wastewater treatment facilities.
NA
o. Describe existing drinking water supply source.
NA
p. Describe existing storm water management or treatment systems.
None
5. Activities and Impacts
a. Will the project be for commercial, public, or private use? ❑Commercial ®Public/Government
❑ Private/Community
b. Give a brief description of purpose, use, and daily operations of the project when complete.
The purpose of the project is to maintain and restore beach and dune resources and thereby protect adjacent residential
homes, businesses, and infrastructure. Proposed beach nourishment is intended to offset chronic and episodic sand losses
along the western and eastern reaches of South Beach as well as maintain the terminal groin fillet as required by permit
condition. Daily use of the beach is, and will continue to be (post -project), recreational (for use by both residents of Bald Head
Island and the public).
c. Describe the proposed construction methodology, types of construction equipment to be used during construction, the number of each type
of equipment and where it is to be stored.
Dredging of the proposed offshore borrow area will be by a cutter suction dredge. Material will be piped to the beach by
hydraulic pipeline and booster pumps (if needed). Land -based equipment for fill placement will include bulldozers (D8 or
similar), dredge pipe, and payloaders.
d. List all development activities you propose.
Excavation of beach -compatible sand (to a depth no greater than -24 ft NAVD88) from an approximate 72.8-acre borrow area
within Jay Bird Shoals; placement of sand along approximately 12,936 If of shoreline along South Beach. The construction
berm will maintain an approximate elevation of +9 ft NGVD which is consistent with the federal disposal fill template. A mild
slope in the seaward direction will be graded to reduce post -placement scarping.
e. Are the proposed activities maintenance of an existing project, new work, or both? Both
f. What is the approximate total disturbed land area resulting from the proposed project? ❑Sq.Ft or ®Acres
148 acres (+/-) pending beach fill conditions at time of placement
g. Will the proposed project encroach on any public easement, public accessway or other area ®Yes ❑No ❑NA
that the public has established use of?
h. Describe location and type of existing and proposed discharges to waters of the state.
A portion of the sand placement by dredge or mechanical means will occur seaward of the MHWL on South Beach.
i. Will wastewater or stormwater be discharged into a wetland? -No new discharges ❑Yes ®No ❑NA
If yes, will this discharged water be of the same salinity as the receiving water? ❑Yes ❑No ®NA
j. Is there any mitigation proposed? ❑Yes ®No ❑NA
If yes, attach a mitigation proposal.
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina

6.
Additional Information
In
addition to this completed application form, (MP-1) the following items below, if applicable, must be submitted in order for the application
package
to be complete. Items (a) — (0 are always applicable to any major development application. Please consult the application instruction
booklet on how to properly prepare the required items below.
a.
A project narrative.
b.
An accurate, dated work plat (including plan view and cross -sectional drawings) drawn to scale. Please give the present status of the
proposed project. Is any portion already complete? If previously authorized work, clearly indicate on maps, plats, drawings to distinguish
between work completed and proposed.
c.
A site or location map that is sufficiently detailed to guide agency personnel unfamiliar with the area to the site.
d.
A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other instrument under which the applicant claims title to the affected properties.
e.
The appropriate application fee. Check or money order made payable to DENR.
f.
A list of the names and complete addresses of the adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners and signed return receipts as proof that such
owners have received a copy of the application and plats by certified mail. Such landowners must be advised that they have 30 days in
which to submit comments on the proposed project to the Division of Coastal Management.
Name Chad and Tara Huneycutt ETUX Phone No. NA
Address 1908 Eastwood Rd STE 320, Wilmington, NC 28403-7235
Name David G Uslar Phone No. NA
Address 1220 Old Philly Pike, Kempton, PA 19529-9324
Name William C Kluttz Jr Phone No.
Address 215 Lawton Rd, Charlotte, NC 28216-3313
Name Laura Tomlinson Dray Phone No. NA
Address 1868 Runnymede Rd, Winston Salem, NC 27104-3110
g.
A list of previous state or federal permits issued for work on the project tract. Include permit numbers, permittee, and issuing dates.
CAMA 91-14; COE 2014-00661; CAMA 60-09; COE 2007-02699;
CAMA 139-10; COE 2009-02334; CAMA 9-95; COE 1994-04687
h.
Signed consultant or agent authorization form, if applicable.
i.
Wetland delineation, if necessary.
j.
A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in oceanfront and inlet areas. (Must be signed by property owner)
k.
A statement of compliance with the N.C. Environmental Policy Act (N.C.G.S. 113A 1-10), if necessary. If the project involves expenditure of
public funds or use of public lands, attach a statement documenting compliance with the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act.
7. Certification and Permission to Enter on Land
I understand that any permit issued in response to this application will allow only the development described in the application.
The project will be subject to the conditions and restrictions contained in the permit.
I certify that I am authorized to grant, and do in fact grant permission to representatives of state and federal review agencies to enter on the
aforementioned lands in connection with evaluating information related to this permit application and follow-up monitoring of the project.
I further certify that the information provided in this application is truthful to the best of my knowledge.
Date: 9/15/2023 Print Name: , Agent, Davey Resource Group, Inc.
Signature )'—V
Please indicate application attachments pertaining to your proposed project.
®DCM MP-2 Excavation and Fill Information ❑DCM MP-5 Bridges and Culverts
❑DCM MP-3 Upland Development
❑DCM MP-4 Structures Information
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina

2. Form DCM MP-2
EXCAVATION and FILL
(Except for bridges and culverts)
Access
Other (excluding
Channel
Canal
Boat
Boat
Rock
Rock
shoreline
(NLW or
Basin
Ramp
Groin
Breakwater
stabilization)
NWL)
Length
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
12,936If
Width
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Varies
(avg. = 500 ft +/-)
Avg. Existing
Variable pending
Depth
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
profile
Final Project
-15 ft NGVD to
Depth
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
+9 ft NGVD
1. EXCAVATION El This section not applicable
a. Amount of material to be excavated from below NHW or NWL in b. Type of material to be excavated.
cubic yards. NTE 1.4 million cubic yards. Beach -compatible sand p (see attached Geotechnical
Vibracore Report, Appendix D).
C. (i) Does the area to be excavated include coastal wetlands/marsh
(CW), submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), shell bottom (SIB), or
other wetlands (WL)? If any boxes are checked, provide the
number of square feet affected.
❑CW ❑SAV ❑SB
❑WL ®None
(ii) Describe the purpose of the excavation in these areas:
NA
d. High -ground excavation in cubic yards.
None
2. DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL El This section not applicable
a. Location of disposal area. b. Dimensions of disposal area.
South Beach: Station 52+64 to 122+00 and Station 162+00 to
222+00 (See Sheets 2- 4 of 9, Appendix A)
c. (i) Do you claim title to disposal area?
®Yes [-]No ❑NA Easement. See Appendix B
(ii) If no, attach a letter granting permission from the owner
The length of the disposal area is 12,936 If. The width will vary
based upon beach profiles at the time of construction (refer to
Sheet 5 of 9, Appendix A). The effective width is estimated to
average as much as 500 ft over the length of the project.
d. (i) Will a disposal area be available for future maintenance?
®Yes [:]No ❑NA
e. (i) Does the disposal area include any coastal wetlands/marsh (CW), f
submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), shell bottom (SIB), or other
wetlands (WL)? If any boxes are checked, provide the number of
square feet affected.
❑CW ❑SAV ❑SB
❑WL ®None
(ii) Describe the purpose of disposal in these areas:
NA.
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
(ii) If yes, where?
South Beach receives periodic disposal from the
Wilmington Harbor federal project.
(i) Does the disposal include any area in the water?
®Yes [-]No ❑NA
(ii) If yes, how much water area is affected?
Amount of material placed below MHW will vary (see
Sheet 5 of 9, Appendix A). The area below MHW to be
affected is estimated to be approximately 119 acres
depending upon beach profiles at the time of construction.

3. SHORELINE STABILIZATION El This section not applicable
(If development is a wood groin, use MP-4 — Structures)
a. Type of shoreline stabilization:
❑Bulkhead ❑Riprap ❑Breakwater/Sill ®Other: Beach
nourishment with protective berm.
c. Average distance waterward of NHW or NWL: Varies (see Sheet 5
of 9, Appendix A).
e. Type of stabilization material: Clean beach compatible sand for
protective berm at base of dunes.
g. Number of square feet of fill to be placed below water level.
Bulkhead backfill Riprap
Breakwater/Sill Other: Estimated 119 acres depending on
profiles at the time of nourishment.
i. Source of fill material. The Jay Bird Shoals expanded borrow site as
described in this application (see Appendix A).
b. Length: 12,936If
Width: variable pending beach profiles (estimated to be 500 ft)
d. Maximum distance waterward of NHW or NWL: —100 ft
f. (i) Has there been shoreline erosion during preceding 12 months?
®Yes [-]No ❑NA
(ii) If yes, state amount of erosion and source of erosion amount
information. Average 350,000 - 4,000,000 cy per year, per
Village's Beach Monitoring Program.
h. Type of fill material. Clean beach compatible sand.
4. OTHER FILL ACTIVITIES ❑This section not applicable
(Excluding Shoreline Stabilization)
a. (i) Will fill material be brought to the site? ®Yes [:]No ❑NA b. (i) Will fill material be placed in coastal wetlands/marsh (CW),
If yes, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), shell bottom (SB), or other
wetlands (WL)? If any boxes are checked, provide the number
(ii) Amount of material to be placed in the water varies; of square feet affected.
estimated to be 800,000 cy +/- (see Sheet 3 of 9 and 4 of 9). ❑CW ❑SAV ❑SB
(iii) Dimensions of fill area 12,936 ft x 350 ft (width varies)
❑WL ®None
(iv) Purpose of fill
(ii) Describe the purpose of the fill in these areas:
Beach nourishment and maintenance of beach/dune
resource for protection of homes, businesses, and NA
infrastructure along South Beach.
5. GENERAL
a. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site and erosion b. What type of construction equipment will be used (e.g., dragline,
controlled? backhoe, or hydraulic dredge)?
Shore parallel dikes, bulldozers shaping fill template. Engineered Cutter suction dredge, bulldozers and other heavy machinery
beach will help to reduce erosion of upper beach and dunes. typical with beach nourishment projects
c. (i) Will navigational aids be required as a result of the project? d. (i) Will wetlands be crossed in transporting equipment to project
❑Yes ®No ❑NA site? ❑Yes ®No ❑NA
(ii) If yes, explain what type and how they will be implemented. (ii) If yes, explain steps that will be taken to avoid or minimize
NA environmental impacts.
NA
Date
9/15/2023
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion Project
Applicant Name
Village of Bald Head Island
Applicant Signature
Mew' Agent, Davey Resource Group, Inc.
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina 6

*Received DCM
WiR01 o14123
3. DCM MP-1 Section 6.0 Additional Information
3.1 Section 6. a. Project Narrative
3.1.1 Introduction
The south -facing shoreline of Bald Head Island (i.e. South Beach) experiences on -going and chronic erosion
resulting in predictable sand losses and shoreline recession. Severe erosion has been chronicled along South
Beach (particularly its western reach) since the 1970s. Prior to 2015, the highest rates of sand loss occurred
principally at the extreme west end of South Beach in the vicinity of the Cape Fear River entrance. This prompted
the Village of Bald Head Island (Village) to procure authorizations for, and subsequently construct, a 1,300-If
terminal groin at this location. Construction of the terminal groin structure was completed in December 2015.
While the terminal groin addresses chronic shoreline losses along western South Beach, it has been documented
that the terminal groin and existing sand tube groin field are not sufficient, in and of themselves, to prevent or to
adequately offset sand losses from South Beach or West Beach. As a result, periodic nourishment through both
the federally sponsored Wilmington Harbor dredge and disposal project and Village -sponsored projects are
required to mitigate erosion along the entirety of South Beach and West Beach. The threat to existing homes,
dunes, and infrastructure because of the erosion and shoreline recession has prompted the Village to seek longer
term beach nourishment options. Predicted sand volume needs for South Beach and West Beach were identified
in the terminal groin EIS (for both the terminal groin alternative and non-structural alternatives). Based upon this
analysis, the Village identified and submitted permit authorization requests for use of a borrow site on Frying Pan
Shoals (a sand source site with the potential to satisfy larger sand volume requirements for South Beach and West
Beach). However, recent agency comments in response to this request have prompted the Village to evaluate
and pursue other practicable alternatives including an expansion of the Jay Bird Shoals (JBS) permitted borrow
area. Specifically, agencies recommended the prioritization of the use of JBS over the use of Frying Pan Shoals
(FPS). Further information regarding existing site conditions and the proposed work activities of the current JBS
expansion project are provided below.
3.1.2 Investigations
In order to determine the proposed borrow site expansion project's effects on potentially significant submerged
cultural resources, CAI contracted with Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc. (TAR) of Washington, North Carolina to
conduct a magnetometer and acoustic survey. The remote sensing investigation conducted by TAR archaeologists
was designed to provide accurate and reliable identification, assessment and documentation of submerged
cultural resources in the study area. A copy of the TAR report in its entirety is included as Appendix C.
Having quantified potential sediment availability over depth, Olsen Associates, Inc., (OAI), authorized the
acquisition of ten (10) VIBRACORES within and adjacent to the proposed expansion area. The locations of the
intended cores are depicted in Sheet 7 of 9, Appendix A. Two (2) cores were sited in previously dredged areas
within Area 3 of the original site for purposes of assessing the quality of the depositional material. The firm of
Athena Technologies, Inc. (Athena) was contracted to acquire the desired VIBRACORES and to log, document, and
perform the requisite laboratory analyses (i.e. size characteristics, % shell, % fines, etc.). Athena completed the
field work associated with VIBRACORE acquisition in early July, 2022. Each core was sampled at two discrete
locations as well as a composite sample that extended over the maximum design depth of excavation (-22 ft.
NGVD29 +2 ft. overdepth). Such composite samples were based upon the apparent absolute depth of visible,
desirable material and verification of same based upon the results of the prior 2009/2010 and 2018/2019 projects
at this general location. In addition to well defined grain size distribution analyses, the percentage carbonate
material as well as fines were computed for each composite sample over depth.
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
7

Tables for the vibracore sediment characterization are shown below. A brief report of findings as well as all data,
photographs of cores, core logs, GDS curves, etc. are included as Appendix D.
Table 1. Expansion Area - 2022 Vibracore Sediment Characterization
Size Classification % by Wt.
Core No.
Gravel
Granular
Sand
Fines
CaCO3%
i
JBS 2022-01
.3
.7
97.2
1.8
6.9
JBS 2022-02
.8
.7
96.5
2.1
9.3
JBS 2022-03
0
.1
97.9
2.0
6.0
JBS 2022-04
0
0
97.1
2.9
7.5
JBS 2022-05
.7
.4
96.7
2.2
9.5
JBS 2022-06
.6
.8
92.8
5.8
10.2
JBS 2022-07
0
0
97.5
2.5
7.7
JBS 2022-08
1.6
3.2
93.6
1.6
19.8
JBS 2022-09
0
.3
92.4
7.3
8.5
JBS 2022-I0
4.0
1.8
92.6
1.6
14.8
AVERAGE VALUE (1-8)
.5
.4
96.2
2.6
9.6
AVERAGE VALUES {L-LO}
8 .8
95.4
3.
10.0
Definition:
Gravel: 4.76mm - 76mm
Granular: 2mm - less than 4.76mm
Sand: .0625mm - less than 2 mm
Fines: Less than .0625mm
Table 2. Sediment Characterization for Compatibility Analysis
Size Classification
(% by Wt.)
Composite Sample
Gravel
Granular
Sand
Fines
Carbonate
Expansion Area - & Cores
.5
.4
96.2
2.6
9.6
East Beach Composite
.37
1.37
97.75
.42
9.67%
South Beach Composite
.67
1.08
1 98.10
1 .75
7.57%
EB & SB Mean
.22
1.23
1 97.93 1
.59
8.41 %
(Ref: Olsen Associates, Inc. - August 2017)
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 - August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
0

3.1.3 Proposed Work
Annual survey monitoring of the permitted Jay Brid Shoals borrow area has documented ongoing recovery of the
dredged substrate, but not of sufficient spatial distribution and sediment depth where it would be suitable for
near -term excavation by a hydraulic dredge. As such, investigations into the expansion of the borrow area were
conducted by Olsen Associates, Inc.
Based upon updated bathymetric conditions, the available neat volume of borrow site sand within the expanded
site above a design elevation of -22 ft. NGVD is approximately 1.4 Mcy. This is theoretically sufficient for the
construction of a potential interim beach fill in/or about 2025. The maximum depth of excavation during dredging
would be limited to -24 ft. NGVD, as in the prior two (2) dredging events. This ensures that beach quality sediments
are excavated, as well as that the exposed borrow site post -construction substrate is suitable for expeditious
benthic recovery.
The intended project in -place fill volume required is estimated at 1 Mcy +/-. Material placement will occur along
6,936 If of the western end of South Beach and the terminal groin fillet (Station 52+64 to 122+00) and 6,000 If along
the eastern end of South Beach (Station 162+00 to 222+00). The South Beach construction berm will maintain an
approximate average elevation of +9 ft. NGVD and average up to 500 ft in width. A mild slope in the seaward
direction will be introduced into the berm (by grading) to reduce post -placement scarping and enhance post -
construction turtle nesting activities. Should dune erosion or benching be evident at the time of construction, up
to 5 cy of sand per ft. of shorefront would be mechanically moved and graded to repair the dune line. Any
revegetation necessary for dune stabilization would be performed by the Village under separate contract after fill
placement completion by the dredge contractor.
The proposed timing of the work would be between November 16 and April 1 of the following year. Work would
be performed by a cutter suction dredge with direct deposit on S. Beach by pipeline. It is anticipated that a
submerged pipeline can cross the federal navigation project without the need for burial, i.e. seabed placement
below the authorized channel depth of -44ft. MLW. It is understood that recipient beach clast counts in
accordance with the requirements of .0312(1)(h) will be required prior to material placement. See Appendix A for
a site location map and work plats.
3.1.4 Avoidance and Minimization Measures
The identification and use of the expanded Jay Bird Shoals borrow site was prompted by agency comments
received during the review of the Village's request to develop a sand source site on Frying Pan Shoals. Resource
agencies recommended the prioritization of the use of JBS over FPS until such time the BOEM-funded research of
FPS is completed. The current JBS expansion project is being proposed as a result of these requests.
Based upon prior consultation with the Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) for previous
beach nourishment projects on Bald Head Island and the North Carolina Coastal Beach Sand Placement Statewide
Programmatic Biological Opinion (August 2017), standard conservation measures will be employed. These
include, but may not be limited to, the following:
1. Nourishment to occur during winter months (reduced biological activity);
2. Utilization of beach quality sand (compatible with recipient site);
3. Visual surveys of escarpments and remediation prior to sea turtle nesting season;
4. Qualitative assessment of sand compaction subsequent to completion of beach placement (typically
with staff of NC Wildlife Resource Commission);
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
9

5. The project will allow for undredged areas in proximity to be left undisturbed to promote more rapid
recolonization of benthos (as was documented for previous Jay Bird Shoals and Bald Head Creek Shoals
projects);
6. The project will avoid hard -bottom habitat;
7. The project will avoid Primary Nursery Area (PNA) impacts;
8. Avoidance of shorebird and colonial waterbird nesting areas;
9. The project will utilize hydraulic cutter suction dredge (thereby avoiding and minimizing physical
entrainment of species in proximity to the dredge operation); and
10. The project will include post -project physical monitoring of borrow site (i.e. assessment of physical
recovery); (see Section 3.15 below).
3.1.5 Post -Construction Monitoring
The Village, as the Permittee, will perform physical monitoring of the dredged borrow site immediately after
construction, annually for three (3) years, and biennially thereafter. The post -construction bathymetry will be
compared with subsequent monitoring results to calculate in -filling of the site. The results of the monitoring will
be incorporated into the Village's existing comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Program and reported annually.
The footprint of each monitoring survey shall include the entire permitted site as well as the actual area of
excavation within. Any changes in morphology to the Jay Bird Shoals formation will be evaluated and included
within the results of the monitoring report. Any changes in bathymetry proximate to cultural resource buffers
will be monitored and reported.
The project proponent hereby certifies that all information contained herein is true, accurate, and complete to
the best of my knowledge and belief.
The project proponent hereby requests that the certifying authority review and take action on this CWA 401
certification request within the applicable reasonable period of time.
A scoping meeting was held on June 21, 2023.
Major Modification to CAMA Permit # 91-14 — August 2023
Village of Bald Head Island Renourishment Project *Received DCM
Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina WiRO 1o14/23
10

Appendix A -Site Location Map and Work Plats

NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH
CAROLINA
GEORGIA
ATLANTIC
If]
OCEAN
BALD HEAD ISLAND
�} ;� i it
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A.I.W.W.
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4
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-
PROPOSED
EXPANSION AREA
CAPE FEAR
��®
RIVER
ENTRANCE BALD
OAK ISLAND
r'
HEAD
BORROW SITE
ISLAND
JAY BIRD SHOALS_
BORROW SITE
SAND ��
ATLANTIC ��
PLAREASNT
CAPE
OCEAN Q��4,
FEAR
`�P v
c
(�
O
SCALE
N
2
0 5,000 10,000 FT
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Ful

NOTES:
1.) PROJECT BASELINE UTILIZED FOR
BEACH MONITORING AND FEDERAL
BEACH DISPOSAL PROJECT CONSTRUCTION
BY WILMINGTON DISTRICT, USACE
2.) LIMITS OF FILL SUBJECT TO REVISION
BASED UPON CONDITIONS AT TIME OF
CONSTRUCTION
olsen
r4 associates, inc.
my 2618 Herschel Street
Jacksonville, FL. 32204
[phone]
C-1468
VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND
BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
PROJECT BASELINE &
LIMITS OF BEACH FILL
LIMITS OF
0.5 MCY
BEACH FILL
(STA 162+00
TO 222+00)
SCALE
0 1,000 2,000 FT
OCTOBER 2022 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH
DATE APPREEED7 REVISION
4/13/2023
WAH
SHEET
2 of 9

,... 00 u
�20*0
0
- 8*00 STA to"
116 NOTE: THE FILL LAYOUT IN THESE *00 z*oo
DRAWINGS IS BASED UPON A 114*00
NOVEMBER 2022 SURVEY.
FILL TO BE ADJUSTED BY ,y 1�2*00
THE ENGINEER BASED UPON 110*00
THE PRE -CONSTRUCTION SURVEY r`��
1Og"00
-06"OO — 1V:15H SLOPE
104*00
20Z"00
98*00
BERM
96*00 SLOPE
94*00 VARIES
9?"00
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13 SAND TUBE GROINFIELD
\\\ `
s93
SCALE MW
sa 0,
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0 400 800 FT
,NOT FOR PURPOSES OF CONSTRUCTION
OCTOBER 2022 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH
4 olsen
VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND
DATE
APPROVED
REVISION
4/13/2023
®e == associates, inc.
BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street
WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204
- [phone]
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SHEET
• C-1468
WESTERN SOUTH BEACH
3 of 9

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NOTE: THE FILL LAYOUT IN THESE
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i.
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APPROXIMATE TOE OF FILL
(ELEVATION VARIES)
APPROXIMATE SEAWARD
EDGE OF BERM (+8.5 ft-NGVD)
APPROXIMATE LANDWARD
EDGE OF BERM (+9.0 ft-NGVD)
_ '166,00
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NOT FOR PURPOSES F CO CTION OCTOBER 2022 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH
DATE APPROVED REVISION
9e=�4 olsen VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND 4/13/2023
associates, inc. BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204 BEACH FILL
[phone] SHEET
C-1468 EASTERN SOUTH BEACH 4 of 9

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olsen VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND 4/13/2023
associates, inc. BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204 BEACH FILL
[phone] SHEET
C-1468 TYPICAL SECTIONS 5 of 9

O w
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0
N
N
+48,000 N +
Proposed Borrow Site
Expansion Area
72.8 acres (Yellow)
Permitted Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Site Limits
225.6 acres (Purple)
Previously Dredged
+ 44,000 N
+
ii
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+ 36,000 N + + +
SCALE
May 2022 Survey
0 800 1,600 FT October 2022 Photography
DATE APPROVED REVISION
9e=�4 olsen VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND 4/13/2023
associates, inc. BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204
[phone] JAY BIRD SHOALS BORROW SITE SHEET
d C-1468 6 of 9

T ® Vibracore Location - 2022
Vertical Datum: NGVD29
Expansion Area Coordinates
+ Fasting Nort
Point
ft-NAfl83
hing
ft-NAD83
A
2,293,922.0
44,835.0
B
2,294,908.0
46,095.0

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DATE I APPROVED REVISION
=4e: olsen VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND 4/13/2023
associates, inc. BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204
[phone] JAY BIRD SHOALS BORROW SITE SHEET
C-1468 EXPANSION AREA - SECTIONS 8 of 9

w
C EXPANSION AREA
If]
CtJ
+46,000 N +
EXCLUSION ZONE: JBS-05
(2,295,012.27E, 43,057.12N)
150 FT RADIUS
EXCLUSION ZONE: JBS-11
(2,294,414.25E, 42,836.81N)
100 FT RADIUS ,
+ °41,
o PRIOR
BORROW SITE O
LIMITS °
°o 0
0
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1 o.0
✓21 �0
0 0 °
e °n lJ
EXCLUSION ZONE:
(2,295,985.40 E, 45,316.40 N)
120 FT RADIUS
(OUTSIDE PROPOSED LIMITS)
o +
O� o
' 4i`inf
+
EXPANSION AREA
CUT LANES TO BE
DETAILED IN FINAL
w TIDE GAGE PLANS
CD
CD BUFFER ZONE
(200 FT RADIUS)
FEDERAL
m NAVIGATION
+40,000 N + CHANNEL +
DATE APPROVED REVISION
9e=�4 olsen VILLAGE OF BALD HEAD ISLAND 4/13/2023
associates, inc. BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECT
2618 Herschel Street WAH
Jacksonville, FL. 32204 SHEET
[phone] JAY BIRD SHOALS BORROW SITE
C-1468 DREDGE PLAN 9 of 9

Appendix 8-Agent Authorization and Adjacent Riparian Owner Notifications

AGENT AUTHORIZATION FOR LAMA PERMIT APPLICATION
Village of Bald Head Island
Name of Property Owner Requesting Permit: c/o Chris McCall
Mailing Address: 106 Lighthouse Wynd
Bald Head Island, NC 28461
Phone Number: 910-457-9700
Email Address: [e-mail]
I certify that I have authorized Davey Resource Group
Agent / Contractor
to act on my behalf, for the purpose of applying for and obtaining all CAMA permits
necessary for the following proposed development:
South Beach Renourishment Project
at my property located at Bald Head Island
in Brunswick County.
I furthermore certify that 1 am authorized to grant, and do in fact grant permission to
Division of Coastal Management staff, the Local Permit Officer and their agents to enter
on the aforementioned lands in connection with evaluating information related to this
permit application.
Property Owner Information:
Signature
GHR/ s Al e-c' iA1.1-
Print or Type Name
VlLLg6E MA'vAdj"
Title
S / Y / 2OZ3
Date
This certification is valid through 6/30/2024

DAVEY.
Resource Group
August 4, 2023
Laura Tomlinson Dray
1868 Runnymede Rd
Winston Salem, NC 27104-3110
To Whom It May Concern:
The Village of Baldhead Island is applying for a CAMA Major permit for development activity
located at Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina. The specifics of the
proposed work are shown in the attached permit application and drawings.
As the adjacent riparian property owner to the aforementioned project, I am required to notify
you of the development in order to give you the opportunity to comment on the project. Please
review the attached permit application and drawings. Should you have any objections to this
proposal, please send your written comments within 30 days of your receipt of this notice to:
Heather Coats
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Coastal Management
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wilmington, NC 28405
Comments will be considered by the NC Department of Coastal Management in reaching a final
decision on the application. No comment within 30 days of your receipt of this notice will be
considered as no objection. If you have any questions on this project, please call me at 910-452-
0001, or e-mail me at [e-mail]
Sincerely,
Greg Finch, Agent
Davey Resource Group
Enclosures
www.davey.com • Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
3805 Wrightsville Ave., Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403

DAVEY.
Resource Group
August 4, 2023
Chad and Tara Huneycutt ETUX
1908 Eastwood Rd STE 320
Wilmington, NC 28403-7235
To Whom It May Concern:
The Village of Baldhead Island is applying for a CAMA Major permit for development activity
located at Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina. The specifics of the
proposed work are shown in the attached permit application and drawings.
As the adjacent riparian property owner to the aforementioned project, I am required to notify
you of the development in order to give you the opportunity to comment on the project. Please
review the attached permit application and drawings. Should you have any objections to this
proposal, please send your written comments within 30 days of your receipt of this notice to:
Heather Coats
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Coastal Management
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wilmington, NC 28405
Comments will be considered by the NC Department of Coastal Management in reaching a final
decision on the application. No comment within 30 days of your receipt of this notice will be
considered as no objection. If you have any questions on this project, please call me at 910-452-
0001, or e-mail me at [e-mail]
Sincerely,
Greg Finch, Agent
Davey Resource Group
Enclosures
www.davey.com • Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
3805 Wrightsville Ave., Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403

DAVEY.
Resource Group
August 4, 2023
William C Kluttz Jr
215 Lawton Rd.
Charlotte, NC 28216-3110
To Whom It May Concern:
The Village of Baldhead Island is applying for a CAMA Major permit for development activity
located at Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina. The specifics of the
proposed work are shown in the attached permit application and drawings.
As the adjacent riparian property owner to the aforementioned project, I am required to notify
you of the development in order to give you the opportunity to comment on the project. Please
review the attached permit application and drawings. Should you have any objections to this
proposal, please send your written comments within 30 days of your receipt of this notice to:
Heather Coats
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Coastal Management
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wilmington, NC 28405
Comments will be considered by the NC Department of Coastal Management in reaching a final
decision on the application. No comment within 30 days of your receipt of this notice will be
considered as no objection. If you have any questions on this project, please call me at 910-452-
0001, or e-mail me at [e-mail]
Sincerely,
Greg Finch, Agent
Davey Resource Group
Enclosures
www.davey.com • Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
3805 Wrightsville Ave., Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403

DAVEY.
Resource Group
August 4, 2023
David G Uslar
1220 Old Philly Pike
Kempton, PA 19529-9324
To Whom It May Concern:
The Village of Baldhead Island is applying for a CAMA Major permit for development activity
located at Village of Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina. The specifics of the
proposed work are shown in the attached permit application and drawings.
As the adjacent riparian property owner to the aforementioned project, I am required to notify
you of the development in order to give you the opportunity to comment on the project. Please
review the attached permit application and drawings. Should you have any objections to this
proposal, please send your written comments within 30 days of your receipt of this notice to:
Heather Coats
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Coastal Management
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
Wilmington, NC 28405
Comments will be considered by the NC Department of Coastal Management in reaching a final
decision on the application. No comment within 30 days of your receipt of this notice will be
considered as no objection. If you have any questions on this project, please call me at 910-452-
0001, or e-mail me at [e-mail]
Sincerely,
Greg Finch, Agent
Davey Resource Group
Enclosures
www.davey.com • Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
3805 Wrightsville Ave., Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403

Appendix C-T.A.R. Archaeological Report
(Available upon request if not included)

Report entitled:
A Submerged Cultural Resource Remote -Sensing Survey On Jay Bird Shoals
Off Bald Head Island, Brunswick County, North Carolina
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[Detail of 1853 U.S. Coast Survey map Preliminary Chart of the Entrances to Cape Fear River and New
Inlet North Carolina
Submitted to:
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2618 Herschel Street
Jacksonville, Florida 32204
Submitted by:
Gordon P. Watts, Jr., Ph.D, RPA
Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc.
P. O. Box 2494
Washington, North Carolina 27889
Submittal Date:
17 October 2022

Abstract
Olsen Associates, Inc. (OAI) of Jacksonville, Florida is the project engineer representing the
Village of Bald Head Island (VBHI), North Carolina in developing and permitting an expanded
borrow site on Jay Bird Shoals (JBS) near the entrance to the Cape Fear River. Material from
the JBS borrow site will be used by the VBHI for engineered beach renourishment. In order to
determine the proposed project's effects on potentially significant submerged cultural
resources, OAI contracted with Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc. of Washington, North
Carolina to conduct a remote -sensing survey of the proposed borrow site. Field research for
the project was conducted on 31 August and 1 September 2022. The survey was carried out
with both magnetic and acoustic remote -sensing equipment. Navigation and data collection
was controlled by differential global positioning. Analysis of the JBS survey data identified a
total of 26 magnetic anomalies. Analysis of the magnetic data indicates that a cluster of four
anomalies have collective signature characteristics that could represent historic vessel remains.
Because JBS has a high potential for historically significant shipwrecks, those four anomalies
are recommended for avoidance or additional investigation. The remaining 22 magnetic
anomalies appear to be generated by modern debris such as fish and crab traps, pipes, small
diameter rods, cable, wire rope, chain, small boat anchors and possibly ordnance associated
with fortifications on Bald Head Island and/or Oak Island. No additional investigation of those
buffered four magnetic anomalies is recommended in conjunction with the proposed dredging
unless the avoidance buffer could be impacted or anomaly identification is desirable. Nine of
the remaining anomalies are located in the 200-foot perimeter buffer. One magnetic anomaly
is located outside the survey area. The 12 magnetic anomalies inside the borrow area are not
considered to be potentially significant. None of the magnetic anomalies have an associated
acoustic signature. The one sonar target is a linear object that could represent a piling or
dayboard pole.

m
Table of Contents
Abstract
Listof Figures.................................................................................................................................. III
Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 1
ProjectPersonnel.............................................................................................................................. 2
ProjectLocation................................................................................................................................ 2
ResearchMethodology...................................................................................................................... 3
Literature and Historical Research................................................................................................ 3
Remote -Sensing Survey
N
HistoricalBackground...................................................................................................................... 6
Improvement History of the Entrance Channel to the Cape Fear River ........................................ 26
Survey Data Analysis.............................................................
Previous Remote -Sensing Survey Investigations ....................
Conclusions and Recommendations .......................................
Unexpected Discovery Protocol .............................................
References Cited and Consulted .............................................
Appendix A: Known Shipwreck Losses in the Vicinity of JBS
Appendix B: JBS Magnetic Anomaly Table ...........................
27
35
35
38
39
42
43

iii
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Project location on detail ofNOAA Chart 11537-1........................................................... 2
Figure 2.
Project survey vessel........................................................................................................
4
Figure 3.
Launching the Geometrics 881 Cesium Vapor magnetometer ...........................................
5
Figure 4.
Launching the Klein 3900 sidescan sonar......................................................................... 5
Figure 5.
Bridge electronics for navigation and data collection........................................................ 6
Figure 6.
Detail of Americae sive novi orbis, nova description.........................................................
7
Figure 7.
Detail of 1639 America Septentrionalis identifying the "C. of Feare..................................
8
Figure 8.
Ca. 1775 British chart identifying the Middle Ground and Frying Pan Shoal ...................
1 1
Figure 9.
Detail of 1753 A new and exact plan of Cape Fear River, from the bar to Brunswick......
12
Figure 10.
Detail of 1780 Plan de la riviere du Cap Fear depuis la barre jusques a Brunswick......
13
Figure 11.
Detail of 1829 chart entitled The Entrance of Cape Fear River ......................................
16
Figure 12.
Detail of 1861 Colton map illustrating Brunswick County .............................................
17
Figure 13.
Detail of Confederate chart produced ca. 1862...............................................................
18
Figure 14.
July 1864 image of the deck of the blockade runner Lilian running into Wilmington......
19
Figure 15.
Julian Davidson's "Capture of Fort Fisher"....................................................................
22
Figure 16.
The JBS borrow area and 200-foot buffer......................................................................
28
Figure 17.
As -run JBS data collection survey lines.........................................................................
29
Figure 18.
Survey area magnetic contours, anomalies, and avoidance buffer ...................................
30
Figure 19.
Recommended magnetic anomaly avoidance buffer .......................................................
31
Figure 20.
Sidescan sonar coverage mosaic and Target JBS SSS 001 location ................................
33
Figure 21.
Sonar image of Target JBS SSS 001..............................................................................
34
Figure 22.
Example of sub -bottom profiler data..............................................................................
34
Figure 23.
Detail of 1884 U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey chart of Cape Fear River Entrance..........
36
Figure 24.
Detail ofNOAA Chart 11537-1 showing mapped wreck in 2007 survey area .................
37

Introduction
Olsen Associates, Inc. (OAI) of Jacksonville, Florida is the project engineer representing the
Village of Bald Head Island (VBHI), North Carolina in its efforts to expand an offshore borrow
site near the island for engineered beach renourishment. The expanded sand source for material
is a borrow area located approximately a mile west of Bald Head Point and adjacent to a
previously utilized borrow site. In order to determine the proposed project's effects on
potentially significant submerged cultural resources, OAI contracted with Tidewater Atlantic
Research, Inc. (TAR) of Washington, North Carolina to conduct a magnetic and acoustic
survey of the proposed borrow site extension.
The remote -sensing investigation conducted by TAR archaeologists was designed to provide
accurate and reliable identification, assessment and documentation of submerged cultural
resources in the study area. The assessment methodology was developed to comply with the
criteria of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (Public Law 11-190), Executive Order 11593, the Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation Procedures for the protection of historic and cultural
properties (36 CFR Part 800) and the updated guidelines described in 36 CFR 64 and 36 CFR
66. Results of the remote -sensing investigation were designed to furnish OA and VBHI with
the remote -sensing data required to comply with the North Carolina State Historic Preservation
Office (NCHPO) and North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
(NCDNCR) submerged cultural resource legislation and regulations.
Field research for the project was conducted on 31 August 2022 and 1 September 2022. The
survey was carried out with both magnetic and acoustic remote -sensing equipment. Navigation
and data collection was controlled by differential global positioning. Analysis of the JBS
survey data identified a total of 26 magnetic anomalies. Analysis of the data indicates that a
cluster of four anomalies have collective signature characteristics that could represent historic
vessel remains. Because JBS has a high potential for historically significant shipwrecks, those
four anomalies are buffered and recommended for avoidance or additional investigation if the
avoidance buffer could be impacted or anomaly identification is desirable.
Nine of the remaining 22 anomalies are located in the 200-foot perimeter buffer. One magnetic
anomaly is located outside the survey area. The 12 unbuffered anomalies inside the borrow
area are not considered to be potentially significant. Those anomalies appear to be generated
by modern debris such as fish and crab traps, pipes, small diameter rods, cable, wire rope,
chain, small boat anchors, and possibly ordnance associated with fortifications on Bald Head
Island (BHI) and Oak Island. None of the magnetic anomalies have an associated acoustic
signature.
Analysis of the sidescan sonar data identified only one acoustic target. The signature for that
target represents a linear object on the bottom surface. No magnetic anomaly is associated with
the target. It likely represents a piling or navigation reference dayboard. Analysis of the sub -
bottom profiler data identified no geological features or targets associated with the magnetic
anomalies.

2
Project Personnel
Project survey personnel consisted of Principal Investigator Gordon P. Watts, Jr., Vessel
Captain Ralph Wilbanks, and Remote -Sensing Operator Harry Pecorelli. Senior Historian
Robin Arnold carried out the archival, cartographical, and literature research. Dr. Watts
analyzed the remote -sensing data. Dr. Watts and Ms. Arnold prepared this document.
Project Location
The remote -sensing project area is situated on JBS, which is located at the entrance to the Cape
Fear River on the west side of the navigation channel (Figurel). The potential borrow site is
located near the southwest of the shoals approximately a mile west of Bald Head Point.
0
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2290000 22951}60 2300000
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Figure 1. Project location on detail of NOAA Chart 11537-1.
0
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3
The area surveyed is roughly rectangular in shape measuring 2,576 feet long and 1,700 feet
wide. Water depths ranged between 6 to 33 feet. To ensure sufficient data would be available
to locate any potentially significant targets in the project area, remote -sensing data were
collected along 36 parallel lanes spaced on 50-foot intervals. The area surveyed included a
200-foot perimeter buffer zone so that magnetic anomalies and/or acoustic targets located
along the periphery of the borrow area could be identified and the impact from dredging
assessed. Survey boundaries defined in North Carolina State Plane (NCSP) coordinates [NAD-
83, U S Survey Foot] are presented in Table 1.
Border Point
X Coordinates
Y Coordinate
North West
2294966.9
46181.1
North East
2296993.1
44587.7
South East
2295947.1
43247.8
South West
2293917.7
44836.7
Table 1. Survey boundaries defined by NCSP coordinates.
Research Methodology
Literature and Historical Research
The TAR historian conducted a literature search of primary/scholarly secondary sources to find
significant cultural resources within the proposed project area. A background history of BHI
and the lower Cape Fear region was updated. Preliminary wreck -specific information was
reviewed in manuscripts and published sources that include; Wreck Logs: 5 November 1883-
18 January 1906. Life Saving Station No. Cape Fear, District No. Six (Old Baldy Foundation
n.d.), Merchant Vessels of the United States (U.S. Bureau of Navigation 1906 through U.S.
Coast Guard 1970); A Guide to Sunken Ships in American Waters (Lonsdale and Kaplan 1964);
Encyclopedia ofAmerican Shipwrecks (Berman 1972), Shipwrecks of the Civil War (Shomette
1973), Merchant Steam Vessels of the United States 1790 -1868 (Lytle and Holdcamper 1975),
Shipwrecks of the Americas (Marx 1983), Official Records of the Union and Confederate
Navies in the War of the Rebellion (National Historical Society 1987), and The Story of Cape
Fear and Bald Head Island (Duffus 2017). Newspapers and journals digitally archived by
Britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk, Chronicling America (Library of Congress),
Genealogybank.com, Fold 3, Navyrecords.org.uk, Newspapers.com, and
Newspaperarchive.com were examined for site -specific terms.
In addition, the National Register of Historic Places database (maintained by the National Park
Service) and the Office of Coast Survey's Automated Wreck and Obstruction Information
System (AWOIS) was queried. According to the second website, "AWOIS records are not
comprehensive. There are wrecks in AWOIS that do not appear on the nautical chart and
wrecks on the nautical chart that do not appear in AWOIS. In 2016 the Office of Coast Survey
stopped updating the AWOIS database. Reported wrecks that have been salvaged or disproved
by further investigation are not included in AWOIS". Relevant shipwrecks based on primary
and secondary sources are listed in Appendix A.

El
Personnel at the North Carolina Underwater Archaeology Branch (UAB), the North Carolina
Maritime Museum (Southport), and the Brunswick County Library (Southport) were contacted
[January 2022 and August 2022] for shipwreck data associated with Bald Head Island (BHI)
and the lower Cape Fear River. TAR personnel interviewed archaeologists, area residents, and
professional historians knowledgeable in maritime and shipwreck research to solicit their
assistance to generate relevant data.
Remote -Sensing Survey
In order to reliably identify submerged cultural resources, TAR archaeologists conducted a
systematic remote -sensing survey of the proposed dredge site. All survey activities were
conducted from a 24-foot Parker vessel (Figure 2). In order to fulfill the requirements for
survey activities in North Carolina, magnetic and acoustic remote -sensing equipment were
employed. This combination of remote sensing represents the state of the art in submerged
cultural resource location technology and it offers the most reliable and cost-effective method
to locate and identify potentially significant magnetic anomalies and/or acoustic targets. Data
collection was controlled using a differential global positioning system (DGPS). DGPS
produces the highly accurate coordinates necessary to support a sophisticated navigation
program and assures reliable target location.
Figure 2. Project survey vessel.
An EG&G GEOMETRICs G-881 marine cesium magnetometer, capable of plus or minus 0.001
gamma resolution, was employed to collect magnetic data in the survey area (Figure 3). To
produce the most comprehensive magnetic record, data was collected at 10 samples per second.
Due to shoal water within the project area, the magnetometer sensor was towed at the water
surface at a speed of approximately three to four knots. Magnetic data were recorded as a data
file associated with the computer navigation system. Data from the survey were contour plotted
using QUICKSURF software to facilitate anomaly location and definition of target signature
characteristics. All magnetic data were correlated with the acoustic remote sensing records.

5
Figure 3. Launching the Geometries 881 Cesium Vapor magnetometer.
A KLEIN 3900 450/900 kHz digital sidescan sonar (interfaced with CHESAPEAKE TECHNOLOGY
SONARWIZ.MAP data acquisition software was employed to collect acoustic data in the survey
area (Figure 4). Due to shoal water within the project area, the sidescan sonar transducer was
deployed and maintained between 3 and 5 feet below the water surface. Acoustic data were
collected using a range scale of 30 meters to provide a combination of 200% coverage and
high -target signature definition. Acoustic data were recorded as a digital file with
SonarWiz.MAP and tied to the magnetic and positioning data by the computer navigation
system.
Figure 4. Launching the Klein 3900 sidescan sonar.

C
A TABLE AgGPS was used to control navigation and data collection in the survey area. That
system can be used to generate highly accurate coordinates for the computer navigation system.
The DGPS was employed in conjunction with an onboard Compaq 2.4 GHz laptop loaded with
a HYPACK navigation and data collection software program (Figure 5).
Figure 5. Bridge electronics for navigation and data collection.
All magnetic and acoustic records were tied to positioning events generated by HYPACK.
Positioning data generated by the navigation system were tied to magnetometer records by
regular annotations to facilitate target location and anomaly analysis. All data is related to the
NCSP Coordinate System, NAD 83.
Historical Background
European settlement of the present day Cape Fear region began as early as 1526 when Lucas
Vasquez de Ayll6n led an expedition from Florida into the Cape Fear region. One of the
Spanish vessels was recorded lost near the mouth of the Cape Fear River, referred to by the
Spanish as the Jordon River. During the brief existence of the Spanish settlement, the area was
known as the "Land of Ayll6n" (Lee 1965:3-4). A chart drawn during the very late sixteenth
century or early seventeenth century shows the location of the Cape Fear by the proximity to
the Island of Bermuda (Figure 6).
The next attempt to settle the Cape Fear region came almost a century and a half later with the
arrival of the English (Figure 7). Settlers from New England came to the area eager to establish
a Puritan colony in the less harsh climate of the southern Colonies. Under the leadership of
Captain William Hilton, a group arrived in the summer of 1662 to find a suitable location.
Arriving at the river and "Cape Fear" as he called it, the group remained for three weeks during
which time they purchased the surrounding area from the indigenous population. The Puritan
settlers that followed during the winter of 1662 remained in the Cape Fear vicinity for only a
brief time before abandoning the area (Lee 1965:4-5).

7
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AVAjox
_ ��= ❑
i��{c► raft, iea
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Figure 6. Detail of Americae sive novi orbis, nova description (courtesy of the New York Public Library [NYPL]).

I��+�ice
�* } !L
IL
-.. _'Pei r
Figure 7. Detail of 1639 America Septentrionalis identifying the "C. of Feare" (courtesy of the NYPL).
J

X
In early 1663, King Charles II granted territory south of Virginia to eight noblemen in tribute
for restoring the Stuart dynasty to the monarchy. That conveyance included the area from
Georgia to the Albemarle Sound region of North Carolina. The territory was divided into three
counties: Albermarle [Albemarle Sound area], Clarendon [Cape Fear region] and Craven
[South Carolina]. Shortly after, the Lords Proprietors received a proposal from a group of
Barbadians for a settlement within the Cape Fear region. In late spring 1664, a group of 200
settlers, under the command of John Vassall, established a colony at the confluence of the
Charles [modern Cape Fear] River and Town Creek (Potter 1993:5-6). The capital,
Charlestown, was the first English town in Carolina (Lee 1965:5). The colony was reported to
have reached a population of 800 and extended some 60 miles along the river at its zenith.
In October 1665, a second expedition by the Barbadians was launched with the intent of
establishing a colony in the vicinity of Port Royal. A small fleet consisting of a frigate, sloop
and a flyboat, under command of Sir John Yeamans, stopped at the Charlestown settlement
after an arduous journey from Barbados. While entering the river, the flyboat, carrying the new
colony's armament, ran aground on the shoals on the west side of the channel [modern JBS]
and was lost (Potter 1993:9, 29). The loss of this important cargo abruptly ended the Port Royal
venture. Within another two years Charlestown would also be abandoned. Difficulty in
obtaining supplies, differences between the proprietors and settlers over land policies and
hostilities with the Natives resulted in the colony being deserted by late 1667 (Potter 1993:10-
11).
In 1726, permanent settlements on the lower Cape Fear were established by South Carolina
and upper North Carolina colonists (Lee 1977:7). On the west bank of the river, about 12 miles
above its mouth and several miles below a shoal in the river called "the Flats," Maurice Moore
established the town of Brunswick. A shoal located at the mouth of Town Creek impeded larger
ships from venturing further upstream. Situated below "the Flats" Brunswick was accessible
to vessels of large or small size (Lee 1977:12). In April 1733, another community was
established 15 miles upstream from Brunswick. The new settlement became known as New
Town or Newton to distinguish it from the "old town" of Brunswick. In 1740, the town was
incorporated and the name was changed to Wilmington (Lee 1977:12).
As hostilities with France and Spain grew during the 1740s Governor Gabriel Johnston
authorized the construction of a fort along the lower Cape Fear to protect the burgeoning towns
of Brunswick and Wilmington. Construction began in July 1745 on a small bluff overlooking
the mouth of the river. Johnston's Fort, as it was called, was still uncompleted in 1748 when
two Spanish vessels entered the river and raided Brunswick (Carson 1992:20). Efforts to finish
construction intensified after the raid and in less than a year the fort was completed. The
resulting structure was small and poorly constructed. It was manned by only three men and
armed with four rusty cannons (Carson 1992:20; Figure 8). In 1751, the fort was assigned to
double as a quarantine station.
Development based upon a maritime economy played a major role in the growth of both
Wilmington and Brunswick during the eighteenth century. Vessels of varying size entered the
Cape Fear from other coastal ports, the West Indies and Europe. Larger vessels, unable to
cross over "the Flats," called at Brunswick, while vessels of smaller size could travel further

10
up the river to Wilmington. Consequently, Brunswick was established as the center for
overseas shipping and Wilmington as the center for local and West Indian trade (Lee 1977:16-
17). Rice, cattle, swine, lumber and naval stores made up the majority of the exports from the
port district of Brunswick. Prior to the Revolution numerous ships left the Cape Fear River
for other ports. The West Indies served as the main destination of these ships with English
ports following a close second. A lesser number carried cargo to coastal ports, mostly in the
northern colonies, but occasionally some ventured south, down the coast to Charleston (Lee
1977:33).
The Cape Fear region played a minor role in the events of the American Revolution. In June
1775, Royal Governor Martin fled from New Bern to Fort Johnston, then under the protection
of the British man-of-war Cruizer. Growing patriot activity in the area forced the governor to
relocate to the warship a month later. All portable materials were transferred to the ship and
the fort's guns were spiked and pushed into the river (Carson 1992:22; Figure 9). Local forces
later burned the fort and its outbuildings.
Knowing that a large number of Loyalists inhabited the interior of the colony Governor Martin
initiated a plan to subjugate the region using a combination of British and Loyalist forces
(Sprunt 2005:113). British reinforcements arrived off the North Carolina coast by the end of
March, but by then the opportunity to subdue the colony had passed. On 27 February 1776,
Colonel James Moore and the First North Carolina Continentals with a group of militias
defeated a contingent of Scottish Loyalists at the battle of Moore's Creek Bridge. This battle,
called the "Lexington and Concord of the south," kept the British from occupying the South at
the beginning of the war (Powell 1989:180-182).
Naval operations were of limited importance in the Cape Fear region. In mid-1776, British
warships began taking up regular station over the mouth of the river. In May of the following
year two British men-of-war entered the river and destroyed a number of colonial vessels at
anchor (Watson 1992:29; Figure 10). To counter the threat posed by British warships the
General Assembly voted to purchase and arm three brigs for the defense of the Cape Fear
River. However, these vessels proved inadequate for the task and suggestions were made for
either selling them or sending them on trading or privateering expeditions (Watson 1992:29).
The lower Cape Fear remained quiet until 1781 when Major James H. Craig was dispatched
by Lord Cornwallis in Charleston to take Wilmington. Craig, with a force of 18 vessels and
400 troops, quickly captured the defenseless town (Sprunt 2005:114). From Wilmington,
Craig dispatched parties throughout the countryside to rally local Loyalists and to obtain
supplies for Cornwallis's troops, then marching through North Carolina. After being checked
by Colonial forces in the battle of Guilford Courthouse the British retreated to Wilmington to
recoup and replenish supplies. Later, when Lord Cornwallis moved north to suppress Virginia,
Craig remained behind in Wilmington to disrupt Colonial activity in that region. News of
Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown made the British position in Wilmington untenable and on
17 November Major Craig evacuated the city.

11
E13�1
I'LA-N OF T 7.I E
Figure 8. Ca. 1775 British chart identifying the Middle Ground and Frying Pan Shoal (courtesy of the NYPL).

12
0
*�
W
bbb
Figure 9 Detail of 4753 a new and exactplan of Cape Fear R&er from the dart Brunswick... (courtesy of the EOC)

13
Pointe sir f'mev
it yw. +A- w.. �+2�t �"+adl
Warf 4e
Ill Ir (3,,, �[� [� 33 �• — _ _ 7
�i( •I fC _ � _^
It ri f. 1 - f),' _ - _ •.mac
V. ken Amm? Jfo
t
rr � ;ia@errs:
RY Cap
r � t
Figure 10. Detail of 1780 Plan de la riviere du Cap Fear depuis la Barre jusques a Brunswick (courtesy of the LOC).

14
After the conclusion of the war there was a shift in the maritime development of the Cape Fear
region. Almost all the ships that left the Cape Fear now went to Charleston and few to England
or the West Indies (Lee 1977:33). Inbound ships now proceeded up to Wilmington. This shift
brought about the decline of the town of Brunswick as was indicated by the change in name of
the "Port of Brunswick" to the "Port of Wilmington" (Lee 1977:34).
During the last decades of the eighteenth century the area that would become the town of
Southport consisted of little more than the remains of Fort Johnston and the homes of local
river pilots. The region's potential, however, was realized by three men from Wilmington,
Joshua Potts, John Brown and John Husk, who the viewed the area, with its salubrious sea
breezes, as an ideal spot for a new town. Though the men's initial petition was rejected in 1790
the group persevered and on 15 November 1792, the General Assembly issued a charter for
the establishment of a town on the bluff overlooking the mouth of the river.
The town was named Smithville, after Benjamin Smith who introduced the bill into the
legislature. The town was laid out with lots offered for sale in Wilmington and Fayetteville
newspapers. The charter specified that no person could purchase more than six lots in their
name and the purchase price of lots was to be 40 shillings per lot (Carson 1992:26). The town
plan also reserved space for Fort Johnston which was rebuilt in 1804.
With the growing amount of vessel traffic sailing up to Wilmington there arose a need for
improvements in the navigability of the river. As early as 1784, measures were taken to
improve the conditions of the lower Cape Fear River (Lee 1977:36). Improvements were
needed at the treacherous entrances to the river, at the Bar and upstream at New Inlet. Three
major shoals between Wilmington and the sea also caused problems for ships trying to navigate
the river. The "upper shoal," located near the foot of Clarks Island, off the southern tip of
Eagles Island, had eight and one-half feet of water. The "middle shoal," also known as "the
Flats," had nine feet. The "lower shoal," at the foot of Campbell Island, had nine and one-half
feet. The main channel of the river was then located in a narrow passage between Campbell
Island, Clarks Island and the west bank (Lee 1978:112).
In addition to the shoals, ships deliberately sunk during the American Revolution as
obstructions needed to be removed (Lee 1977:36-37). Around 1819, Hamilton Fulton, a noted
English engineer, was hired to make improvements on the Cape Fear River mainly between
Wilmington and the ocean where a system of jetties was planned. Work continued for six
years until financial limitations halted this project. Some improvements were made on the river
up until the start of the Civil War with sporadic financing by the state and local Wilmington
businessmen (Lee 1977:37).
Steam vessels first appeared on the Cape Fear River in 1817. The first steamboat to arrive was
the side -wheel Prometheus, built in Beaufort for a firm in Wilmington that intended to run the
vessel from Wilmington to Fayetteville and Southport. The following year the Clarendon
Steamboat Company was established at Wilmington. The company held the exclusive right to
operate steamboats on the Cape Fear for a period of seven years provided that it kept one boat
in service. In addition to the Prometheus, the side -wheel Henrietta, also made regular runs
between Wilmington and Fayetteville (Lee 1977:37-38). By 1822, a second steamship venture,

15
the Cape Fear Steamboat Company, had begun service on the river. With time the number of
steamboats on the river increased significantly (Lee 1977:38: Figure 11). By the 1850s, nearly
a hundred vessels of all types were in Wilmington at the same time. Many of the ships were
large square-rigged foreign craft, while others were side -wheel steamers. Most, however, were
American schooners engaged in the coastal trade (Lee 1978:116).
Development of the Cape Fear region was soon disrupted by the Civil War. After Confederate
forces in South Carolina attacked the U.S. garrison at Fort Sumter, President Abraham Lincoln
declared a state of open rebellion and called for volunteers to preserve the Union. Lincoln also
issued a proclamation on 19 April 1861 establishing a blockade of Confederate ports in South
Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. Eight days later,
Lincoln extended the blockade to include ports in Virginia and North Carolina. With North
Carolina's withdrawal from the Union, Governor John W. Ellis ordered the occupations of
forts Johnston and Caswell.
Union naval forces were inadequate to properly enforce the blockade at the onset of the war.
In 1861, U.S. navy registers listed 90 vessels, 50 of which were propelled by sail and were
considered obsolete for the task at hand. The remaining 40 were steam, but several of the deep
draft vessels proved unsuitable for the shallow southern waters. Eight others were laid up while
22 vessels remained at station off foreign shores and would require at least six months travel
to reach the United States (Browning 1980:24). However, within a few months of Lincoln's
proclamation, the new Secretary of the Navy, Gideon Welles, took steps to implement an
effective blockade off the southern coastline.
The navy department bought or leased nearly any vessel that could be of service. In nine
months, U.S. navy agents purchased 136 ships, constructed 52 and commissioned and repaired
another 76 (Engle and Lott 1975:180). The Union blockade in turn gave rise to the practice of
blockade running. At the beginning of the blockade, practically any vessel was considered
suitable for breaking through the Atlantic squadrons to carry cargo in or out of the isolated
southern ports. The most successful of the early runners were steamers that had belonged to
the Southern Coasting Lines and were idle due to the outbreak of the war. The illicit trade
carried on by these ships reaped considerable profit, but failed to compare with the great capital
resources brought in during the latter part of the war.
Wilmington provided North Carolina with a deepwater port. By 1860, Wilmington had
emerged as a modern shipping center with excellent internal communication. Three railroads
ran through the city and daily steamboat service to Charleston and New York, as well as, up
the Cape Fear River to Fayetteville. With the capture of New Bern, Roanoke Island and
Beaufort, Wilmington was the only North Carolina port left open for the importation and
exportation of goods. As long as supplies were imported through the two inlets of the Cape
Fear River and transported along the railroad lines, which connected with Lee's army in
Virginia, the Confederacy had a lifeline. Wilmington soon became the most vital seaport in the
"Southern Cause" (Pleasants 1979:15; Figure 12; Figure 13).

16
S M I T II'S I S L A N D
Figure 11. Detail of 1829 chart entitled The Entrance of Cape Fear River (courtesy of the LOC).

17
Figure 42. Detail of 4864 Colton map illustrating Brunswick County and contemporary watercraft (courtesy of the NYPL).

FORfi�EW
CAMPBELL
4 eep Walrr Pt.
;r �
r PENDER im
&a. c_ ,
FORT CASWE
SHAW
LIGHT H
FORT HOLMESIrB
-1X4L3L +.J-L 1 13 r,
CAPE FEAR RIVER
AND THE
A,PPR OACHE s .
TO
IL INGTON,N.C.'
�3rrmiC.S.�.Eri¢vo�.�ex� 5z�weys_
5 rale of �,es
C,'o,eru.te�eaerraes � ��
Crape Fear
Figure 13. Detail of Confederate chart produced ca. 4862 (courtesy of the LOC).

19
Wilmington became the key port for "runners" largely because of the area's topography.
Located 28 miles from the mouth of the Cape Fear River, the port had access to the Atlantic
through two separate entrances; eastward through New Inlet and southward through the river
mouth (Figure 14). Although the two entrances were only six miles apart, Smith's Island, a
strip of sand and shoal, lay in between. Continuing along Cape Fear were the dangerous Frying
Pan Shoals, which extended 10 miles further into the Atlantic, making the distance by water
between the two entrances a little less than 40 miles (Soley 1883:91).
This geographical configuration proved highly advantageous for blockade runners and the
initial blockade of Wilmington proved ineffective. When the Daylight, the first and at the time
the only Union vessel sent to blockade these waters, arrived, it immediately experienced the
difficulties associated with guarding the dual entrances of the Cape Fear River. While pursuing
a steamer out of the western bar entrance, the Daylight inadvertently allowed several other
small vessels to pass out of the New Inlet entrance. Within three months of the Daylight's
arrival, 42 vessels either entered or cleared Wilmington (Browning 1980:27).
Figure 14. July 1864 image of the deck of the blockade runner Lilian running into
Wilmington (courtesy of the NYPL).
During a two-year period (January 1863-November 1864), Confederate naval sources listed
numerous vessel stations on the Cape Fear. These vessels were identified as: the ironclad sloop
North Carolina, the floating battery Artic, the steam gunboat Yadkin, the steam gunboat
Equator, the torpedo boat Squib, and the ironclad sloop Raleigh, and two, long one -gun cutters.
In November 1864, Confederate Secretary of the Navy Stephen Mallory also reported to
President Jefferson Davis that two new torpedo boats were under construction at Wilmington
(U.S. Navy [USN], 1921, ser. II, 2:passim).

20
The capture of Wilmington proved difficult because both entrances to the Cape Fear were
guarded by powerful fortifications and lesser works. Collectively those fortifications became
known as the Lower Cape Fear Defense System. The central point of that system was Fort
Fisher, located on Confederate Point. That fortification was originally a small earthwork
constructed to protect New Inlet. By 1864, Fort Fisher had become the largest seacoast
fortification in the Confederacy.
Shaped like an inverted "L," Fort Fisher's land face ran 628 yards and was guarded by 20 of
the heaviest seacoast guns. The sea face included a 130-pound Armstrong rifle and a 170-
pound Blakely, both from England (Browning 1980:35). Extending from the land face was a
string of torpedoes, which could be exploded from inside of the fort (Pleasants 1979:22).
Mound Battery, towering to a height of 60 feet with two mounted heavy guns, stood near the
end of Confederate Point. Augusta Battery, which stood behind Mound Battery, was located
near the river (Pleasants 1979:24).
Fort Holmes, on the other side of New Inlet on Smith's Island, shared the protection of Smith's
Inlet in the Cape Fear River with the batteries at Oak Island. Oak Island, located opposite Fort
Holmes, held another series of forts and batteries, such as Fort Campbell, Fort Caswell and
Battery Shaw (Pleasants 1979:24). Fort Caswell guarded the western bar entrance. Captured
by Confederate militia on 14 April 1861, Caswell was renovated into a strong casemated work
with new armament consisting of seven 10-inch, four 8-inch Columbiads and one 9-inch
Dahlgren gun (Browning 1980:35; Pleasants 1979:24).
Both Fort Caswell and Fort Holmes were responsible for shelling union vessels in the Middle
Ground area, including the stranded tug Violet which went aground off the Western Bar
Channel on the night of 7 August 1864. After his tug struck the shoal Ensign Thomas Stothard
requested assistance from the crew of the nearby 866-ton brig USS Vicksburg to attempt to re-
float the Violet. Despite their quick response, the extra manpower and effort proved fruitless
as Stothard was ordered to fire the Violet after midnight. In response to a court of enquiry [sic]
investigation, Captain Stothard submitted an incident report to Captain B.F. Sands of the USS
Fort Jackson and offered this account:
After all preparations for sending officers, crew, and ship's effects off in
boats that he [Lieutenant -Commander Braine of the USS Vicksburg] and
Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Williams, of the Emma, had sent, all of which
I did, sending property, a list of which you will find enclosed, also a list of
crew, I made preparations for her destruction as follows: I put a lighted
slow match to a powder tank in the magazine and closed the door, then filled
a large, fine drawer with shavings and straw taken from pillows and
mattresses, partially covered it with another, and sprinkled two quarts of
spirits of turpentine over all and on the woodwork around it; hung up an
oilcloth from the table, one corner hanging in the shavings, which I touched
with a lighted match (in the wardroom), after all the boats, but mine in
waiting, had left the side, and I followed about 2:00 o'clock a.m. this
morning. The explosion of the magazine containing about 200 pounds of
powder occurred within half an hour afterwards, and by daylight she was

21
effectually consumed. One 12-pounder was thrown overboard, one left on
the forecastle, spiked with rat-tail file, and the 24-pounder was directly over
the magazine aft when it exploded, so that it was thrown into the sea
(National Historical Society [NHS] 1987, ser. I, 10:343,344).
Rear -Admiral S.P. Lee recommended that no action be taken to discipline the acting officer of
the Violet. Lee remarked to Union Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, that: "Stothard is a
very intelligent and efficient officer, notwithstanding this casualty" (NHS 1987, Ser. I, 10:344).
Prior to its destruction, the Violet (ex -Martha) was described as a fourth -rate, wooden screw
steamer measuring 85 feet in length, with a beam of 19 feet. The 166-ton tug housed one,
inverted, direct -acting engine with a 30-inch diameter cylinder and one return flue boiler (U.S.
Navy 1921, Ser. II, 1:233).
Farther up river from the Violet wreck site there were a series of forts and batteries used as
secondary defenses for Wilmington and as protection for blockade runners outbound from
Smith's Inlet. Fort Lamb was located on the west side of the Cape Fear River on Reeve's
Point. Above Fort Lamb was Fort Anderson, the most important of the secondary defenses.
Partially built from the ruins of Old Brunswick Town, Anderson consisted of a series of
trenches and earthworks approximately a mile long. Three smoothbore 24-pounders, three
rifled 32-pounders and six smoothbore 32-pounders comprised the Fort's armaments. By 1864,
Fort Anderson had become an inspection station for all craft heading up the Cape Fear River
to Wilmington (Pleasants 1979:25). Several secondary forts, including Stokes, Lee, French,
Campbell, Strong and Sugarloaf, were situated on the east side of the river (Pleasants 1979:25).
In addition to this impressive array of forts, a naval construction program was initiated in
Wilmington to contribute to the defenses of the harbor. The success of the ironclad ram CSS
Virginia in the March 1862 battles at Hampton Roads demonstrated the superiority of armored
warships to naval officers of both the North and South. In late March 1862, Confederate
Secretary of the Navy Stephen R. Mallory, sent "instructions relative to gunboats" to
Commander William T. Muse, the ranking naval officer at Wilmington. Shortly thereafter, the
navy began building two ironclads in the city, the Raleigh at James Cassidy's shipyard at the
foot of Church Street, and the North Carolina at the Beery shipyard on Eagle Island (Still
1985:5-17, 79-92).
Both vessels utilized a design based on plans conceived by naval constructor John L. Porter.
The plans called for a tightly framed hull, with a slight deadrise and a hard chine. The vessels
were to be 174 feet long (150 feet between perpendiculars) with a draft of 13 feet. Amidships,
a 105-foot long casemate, angled at thirty-five degrees and covered with 4 inches of iron plate,
protected the gun deck. Two boilers provided steam for the vessel's two horizontal engines,
which were geared to a single 10-foot screw. The first ironclad built on this design, the CSS
Richmond, was completed in Richmond in 1862. Known as the Richmond class, this group,
consisting of five vessels, was numerically the largest standardized class of ironclads
constructed by the Confederacy (Holcombe 1993:63-64).

22
The two Cape Fear ironclads entered into active service by late 1863/early 1864 (North
Carolina in December 1863 and the Raleigh in April 1864) after numerous delays resulting
from material shortages, strikes and epidemics. However, the usefulness of these two vessels
to the Confederacy's war effort was limited. Raleigh grounded on a shoal near the mouth of
New Inlet and was destroyed after a sortie against the blockading squadron on 7 May 1864,
less than a month after entering service. The North Carolina, on the other hand, was reduced
to serving as a floating battery; its deep draft and lack of motive power rendered the vessel
ineffective as a ram.
The ironclad was further hampered by the use of unseasoned timber in its construction.
Warping and splitting timbers caused the ship to leak incessantly and an infestation by teredo
worms further weakened the hull. For most of its career, the ironclad remained at anchor near
Smithville, positioned to support the nearby forts in the defense of Wilmington. The North
Carolina finally sank at its moorings in September 1864. Though useless as an offensive
weapon, the North Carolina served as a deterrent, preventing the U.S. Navy from entering and
seizing the lower Cape Fear until the fall of Fort Fisher in the closing days of the war (Figure
15).
Figure 15. Julian Davidson's "Capture of Fort Fisher" (courtesy of the NYPL).
When hostilities ended in 1865 so did some of the regular river trade. The prewar steamer
service between Wilmington, Charleston and Savannah was not resumed, since rail service had
been established. Steamship service did, however, resume to the northern cities of Baltimore,
Philadelphia and New York (Lee 1977:91). The coastal trade also revived and was conducted
mainly by schooners ranging between 150 and 600 tons. Because of the decimation of
American shipping during the conflict international commerce was carried in foreign bottoms,
usually of British, German or Scandinavian origins (Sprunt 2005:501). Industry had been
severely interrupted during the war, but was beginning to make a comeback.

23
Naval stores and lumber continued to be the principal exports with the addition of some cotton.
Exports recorded for the year 1871 amounted to some 95,000 bales of cotton, 100,000 bushels
of peanuts, 112,024 barrels of spirits of turpentine, 568,441 barrels of rosin, 37,867 barrels of
tar and 17,963 barrels of turpentine (Sprunt 2005:513-514). Without the use of slave labor, the
rice industry declined dramatically (Lee 1977:86-87).
By the turn of the century, a decrease in the availability of pine trees resulted in a decline of
the naval stores industry. With improvements in cultivation and transportation, cotton became
a major industry in Wilmington until its decline in the 1930s. Guano from the West Indies was
brought in for the new fertilizer plants. The production of creosote impregnated wood also
helped increase shipping in the region (Lee 1977:87-88). During the last quarter of the
nineteenth century, efforts were undertaken to develop Smithville into a port city. In 1886, the
North and Southern Railroad Company announced plans to extend rail service from
Wilmington to Smithville.
Developers, envisioning a port that would rival Charleston and Norfolk, requested that the
town's name be changed to Southport to draw attention to the "Port of the South" (Carson
1992:61). In anticipation of the expected development the town's dirt roads were paved in
crushed shell and the dredge boat Woodbury began deepening and straightening the channel to
accommodate increased vessel traffic. However, the proposed rail line did not materialize and
Southport remained a small town relying on fishing and tourism for its economic livelihood.
The Wilmington, Brunswick and Southport Railroad eventually extended a line to the town in
1911.
Improvements to navigation on the Cape Fear River had deteriorated during the American
Civil War. Continual silting reduced the navigable channel. By 1870, federally financed
projects were again started to improve the conditions of the river. One such project was the
closure of one of the two inlets. New Inlet was closed in 1881 with the belief that the increased
force of the concentrated flow would sweep out the channel. The closure was accomplished by
placing a rock dam that extended for more than a mile from Federal Point to Zeke's Island.
The dam was completed in 1881 and later became known as "the Rocks." Another rock barrier
was later built between Zeke's Island and Smith's Island. The channel depth was dredged to
accommodate the deeper draft vessels (Lee 1977:91).
Two life-saving stations were established near the mouth of the Cape Fear River during the
1880s. Those stations included the Cape Fear station (b. 1882) at east end of BHI and the Oak
Island station (b. 1889) located west of Fort Caswell. Each station was equipped with line -
throwing guns and self-righting surfboats (Sprunt 2005:527). Surf men maintained a constant
vigil of the sea from the station house and conducted regular nightly beach patrols; additional
patrols were conducted in daylight during stormy weather. Both stations remained active until
the 1930s when newer Coast Guard facilities were constructed as replacements.
On 20 July 1895, the U.S. Marine Hospital Service appropriated $25,000 for the construction
of a quarantine station at Southport. The new station was to be located on the river on the east
side of the channel between the upper end of Battery Island and Price's Creek Lighthouse
(Carson 1992:73). The entire station was to be built on a pier 600 feet long and to consist of a

24
hospital building, a disinfecting house, attendant's quarters and a kitchen. The station opened
for service by the middle of 1897 with Dr. J. M. Eager appointed as the station's first quarantine
officer. A report for the fiscal year 1907 illustrates the level of activity at the station:
[Eighty six] vessels spoken and passed; 19 steamers and 1 sailing vessels
inspected and passed; 2 steamers and 3 sailing vessels disinfected; and 485
crew on steamers, 125 crew on sailing vessels, and 3 passengers on sailing
vessels inspected. The vessels disinfected were from Bahia, Portobello,
Santos, Rios, and Barbados (Brown 1974).
By 1937 the station had become obsolete and was placed on caretaker status. As the facility
was located on water and not a navigation hazard it was left to deteriorate and on 19 August
1951, the abandoned station was destroyed by fire (Brown 1974). The fishing industry
provided the financial stamina for the economy on the lower Cape Fear during the early years
of the twentieth century.
The principal source of income for Southport was the menhaden fisheries. Most catches were
processed into oil which was used in the manufacture of paints, linoleum, tanning solutions,
soaps and waterproof fabrics (Carson 1992:96). Leftover scrap was ground up for fertilizer
and feed for livestock. The Southport Fish Scrap and Oil Company and the Brunswick
Navigation Company established processing plants along the Elizabeth River while additional
plants could be found above the town on the Cape Fear River.
World War I initiated a revitalization of the economy with the establishment of the Carolina
Shipyard in May 1918. At about the same time, the Liberty Shipyard started producing steel
ships as well as experimental concrete ships. The success of the shipyards was short-lived and
the economy fluctuated for several years until it fell during the 1930s. Though Wilmington
saw moderate success in shipping and shipbuilding after the war, most of the yards had closed
by the mid- 1920s and competition from Norfolk and Charleston slowly relegated the city to an
import distribution center catering mainly to regional trade (Watson 1992:145).
This trade averaged 200,000 or more tons through most of the 1920s, but with the coming of
the Great Depression, the amount fell to 94,007 tons by 1932 (Watson 1992:150).
Wilmington's economy would not fully recover from the effects of the depression until the end
of the decade. Despite this economic uncertainty, foundations were laid for future
development. By the beginning of World War II, Wilmington boasted 54 wharves, piers and
docks and the opening of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway expanded the city's trade with its
hinterland and increased its role in the coastal trade (Watson 1992:148-9).
With war in Europe and German submarines prowling the east coast during the early 1940s
protection and defense of the coast became a top priority in Washington. The vulnerability of
the Cape Fear had been confirmed during World War I and U.S. Navy officials were anxious
to be prepared for future enemy intrusions (Gannon 1990:242-243). On 17 November 1941,
the U.S. Navy reacquired the 248.8-acre Fort Caswell reservation, sold into private hands in
1929. The old fort grounds were to be used for training, communications and submarine
tracking (Carson 1992:126).

25
The U-boat threat finally reached the Cape Fear region in early 1942. On 16 March, the
11,641-ton tanker John D. Gill was torpedoed in the coastal waters off the mouth of the river.
As a result of the high number of vessel losses during the early stages of the war, defensive
measures were put into place. Coastal communities were systematically blacked out, a more
efficient convoy system was devised and additional planes and patrol vessels were put into
service along the North Carolina coast (Stick 1952:237-239).
In addition to the menace that Axis submarines and aircraft represented during the conflict, a
significant hurricane struck the project area in late summer 1944. On 1 August, the tropical
storm made landfall near Southport and the Oak Island coast guard station reported maximum
wind speeds of 80 miles per hour. To the north, "substantial damage" occurred in Wilmington
and Wrightsville Beach and the combined losses of real estate and crops amounted to two
million dollars (Galecki 2005:133-134).
World War II also brought renewed growth to the shipyards and relief to the area (Lee 1977:88-
90). The increased jobs and higher wages allowed Wilmington's economy to increase and
become stable. After the war many of the people brought in to build ships chose to stay and
make Wilmington their home. In 1945, the State Port Authority was formed, promoting ports
in Wilmington and Morehead City and creating new jobs. In 1955, the military established the
Sunny Point Army Terminal [Military Ocean Terminal at Sunny Point]. The facility serves as
a terminal for shipping military hardware and ammunition to American forces around the
globe. The base is a major employer in the area and local service and retail industries serving
the military contribute to the economic prosperity of the region.
By 1960, the population of Southport was reported as 2,034 residents. At that time, the town
boasted a popular bookmobile, a new water tank, a "lighted" athletic field and a picnic area at
the community park. Maritime news included the launch of a "big, new charter boat," the
Riptide. Herman Sellers constructed the vessel for Glenn Trunnell of Southport. Other local
commercial fishermen commenced discussions on the merits to install an artificial reef near
the town. In September 1960, Hurricane Donna struck the region and fortunately caused only
minimal damage in Brunswick County (Reaves 1999:169,172).
In early February 1970, the Atomic Energy Commission approved construction of a 385
million dollar nuclear power plant to be situated north of Southport. The downtown also
experienced a significant economic boost when First -Citizens corporation elected to build a
bank in Southport, its first branch in Brunswick County. At the same time, waterfront interests
offered services to the public such as the modern 150-seat restaurant Herman's and the new
450-foot long "fishing and pleasure pier" (Reaves 1999:243).
Today, the region presents a strong economy with a state port facility that is daily frequented
by international cargo vessels. The economy is further augmented by the military and
commercial fisheries which provide an important source of income to area residents. In
addition, Southport and the coastal communities on Oak Island and the resort on BHI are
popular tourist destinations. The area's offshore waters are a sportsman's paradise catering to
recreational boaters and sport fishermen alike.

W
Improvement History of the Entrance Channel to the Cape Fear River
In 1870, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) initiated a project to improve navigation
on the Cape Fear River. An examination of the river conducted by a commission appointed
by the War Department suggested that priorities at that time should be given to closing off the
channel between Smith's and Zeke's Islands (USACE 1870:70). In 1874, the closing off of
New Inlet had increased the flow of water in the main navigation channel and scouring effects
were noted to be deepening the channel over Bald Head Bar (USACE 1874:88-89). The officer
in charge of operations also stated that a suction dredge was employed at Bald Head Bar to
assist in the scouring process.
Furthermore, the officer's report also noted that there were two channels into the river: a
western channel with two bars (an outer with 14 feet at low water and an inner or "rip" with
10 feet at low water) and the Bald Head channel (USACE 1874:69). It was suggested that
since the Bald Head channel was the natural channel all efforts should be directed towards
maintaining a 12-foot level of water over it and that the western channel be disregarded.
During 1889, the project was modified to provide for a 20-foot depth, at low water, from
Wilmington to the Ocean. Surveys conducted during the fiscal year ending 30 June 1890
reported that the depth of water over bar had reached 16 feet (USACE 1890:131). The wreck
of a Civil War gunboat was uncovered during dredging activities on the bar in 1891. The boiler
from the wreck reduced water depths in the channel to 13.5 feet providing a serious impediment
to navigation (The Messenger [TM] 16 May 1891).
Examinations of the wreck indicated that it was a wooden -hull vessel approximately 110 tons
and 100 to 110 feet long (USACE 1893 Appendix L:1451). Portions of the flue and boiler
were removed by the government in 1890. On 20 May 1893, Messrs. Johnston and Townsend
were awarded a contract to remove the rest of the wreck structure (USACE 1893 Appendix
L:1451). The wreck site was dynamited and remaining sections of boiler recovered for
disposal. Inspection of the wreck area by First Lieut. E. W. V. Lucas, E. D. Thompson and
Robert Merritt revealed no trace of the hull and soundings in the vicinity indicated a depth of
water of 22 feet (TM7 July 1893; USACE 1893 Appendix L:1451).
The River and Harbor Act of 2 March 1907 provided for additional dredging for completing
the channel to the mandated 20-foot depth level. In addition, the act also authorized for
improvements in excess of 20 feet as appropriations permitted (USACE 1912:459). The project
was modified again in the River and Harbor Act of 25 July 1912. Those modifications called
for a channel of 26 feet deep at low water with widths of 300 feet in the river, increasing to
400 feet across the bar and in curves in the river (USACE 1912:459-460). The controlling
depths of the channel were increased to 30 feet in the River and Harbor Act of 2 March 1919.
In 1922, the USACE discontinued the then current entrance channel and authorized for a new
one over the bar with the same dimensions as the previous one (USACE 1922:682-683). The
new channel was to run in a southwesterly direction from Bald Head Point. These
improvements were noted as being completed in 1932.

27
In the River and Harbor Act of 2 March 1945, the controlling dimensions for the navigation
channels on the Cape Fear River were increased further. Water depths from the outer end of
the bar to Wilmington were increased to 32 feet and all channels were now to maintain a width
of 400 feet throughout (USACE 1945:632-631). The project was estimated to be 65 per cent
complete by the end of the fiscal year. In 1950, the controlling depths over the ocean bar were
increased to 35 feet (USACE 1950:653-654).
Additional modifications to the navigation channels were authorized in the River and Harbor
Act of 23 October 1962. Among the provisions of that Act was the deepening and widening of
the entrance channel to 40 feet deep and 500 feet wide (USACE 1962:360-361). The channel
was to maintain those dimensions as far as Southport were they were reduced to 38 feet deep
and 400 feet wide up to Wilmington. The project was reported as being completed in 1973
(USACE 1979:6-9).
Survey Data Analysis
The remote -sensing survey of the JBS borrow site extension included a 200-foot perimeter
buffer on all sides except the southwest. That side corresponded to the buffer included on the
previously surveyed area (Figure 16). The borrow site and buffer areas were investigated on
northwest to southeast survey lines laid out on 50-foot centers (Figure 17).

28
2293834 2294834 2295834 22968.
co
dM
qr
W
qr
cc
ko
qr
co
CD
00
+ lit +
N
9
+ +
r
8 BorrowArea H L
+ +
6
2 1
150 300 50 900 1,200
Feet
6
4 r
i -i
Iso,2s 23ft
+
2293834 2294834 2295834
Figure 16. The JBS borrow area and 200-foot buffer.
cc
cc
C
m.
qr
cc
0
2296834 le

29
2293761 2294761 2296761 2296761
2293761 2294761 2295761 2296761
Figure 17. As -run JBS data collection survey lines.

30
Contouring and analysis of the JBS magnetometer data identified a total of 26 magnetic
anomalies (Figure 18; Appendix B). Nine of those were located within the 200-foot perimeter
buffer area. A cluster of four anomalies within the borrow area have collective signature
characteristics that could represent historic vessel remains. Those four anomalies are buffered
and recommended for avoidance or additional investigation. That avoidance buffer is a 300-
foot-diameter circle (Figure 19) centered on coordinates presented in Table 2.
2293834 2294834 2295834 2296834
ilso+2s 23ft+(Night)+
.;rnm�sg-:1.PT
t0 •� �" 1 00
U#9 + -1 ¢-1fC ' + in
# #
4y
"-.
g A �
8
t
1
W - 6
\ -as �3
61€1-0v T2T CO
Inram" + 5\` 317-
# T 7 #
-4
d'6T�k-
.�- ii� SDI IC '
JEi
6 d 141
-7-1�D -isE
8 24 f'
+
CS en
2
4r 1,2ff4
Feet
6
4 P.
c
r
2293834 2294834 2295834 229fi834
Figure 18. Survey area magnetic contours, anomalies, and avoidance buffer.

31
2P6016 2296100 2296200 2296300 2296400 2296500
0
0
0
0
+
+
+
+
e
I
+
+
+ +
Je: rs-1a:aeg-rs.T
+
Ik
+ +
JOZ-lC-1-9m-106 7g-1 .aT
AL
+
+ +
J EI:iE-1-]:E E3-16 �. di
+
r♦k
JEI:i7-1-1-4g-11C V
AL
+
+
+
+
e
Anomaly Avoidance Buffer
J9326-1�p 9. Sg�.ST
1
+
+
+ +
+
0
700
0 25 E0
100
150 200
Feet
+
+
+ +
+
0
N
M
C1
2296 Di 6 2296100 2296200 2296300 2296400 2296500
Figure 19. Recommended magnetic anomaly avoidance
buffer.
Avoidance Buffer
X Coordinate
Y Coordinate
Center
2296306.5
44731.4
Table 2. Magnetic anomaly avoidance buffer coordinates.

32
JBS has a high potential for submerged historically significant shipwrecks that include the "Sir
John Yeamans flyboat". That vessel wrecked on JBS in 1665 and could well be one of the
oldest known wrecks in North Carolina waters. No additional investigation of those buffered
anomalies is recommended in conjunction with the proposed dredging unless the buffer could
be impacted or anomaly identification is desirable. The remaining 22 anomalies within and
outside the borrow area appear to have been generated by modern debris such as fish and crab
traps, pipes, small diameter rods, cable, wire rope, chain, small boat anchors and possibly
ordnance associated with fortifications on BHI and Oak Island.
Analysis of the JBS sidescan sonar data identified only one bottom surface target (Figure 20).
The signature for that acoustic target represents a linear object on the bottom surface (Figure
21). No magnetic anomaly is associated with the acoustic target. It likely represents a piling or
navigation reference day board.

33
2293867 2294867 2295867 2296867
r
Ln
n
ti A
229386i 2294861 2295867 2296861
Figure 20. Sidescan sonar coverage mosaic and Target JBS SSS 001 location.

34
Figure 21. Sonar image of Target JBS SSS 001.
Analysis of the sub -bottom profiler data identified no geological features or targets associated
with any of the magnetic anomalies. Due to shallow water and wave generated disturbance in
the survey area, the EdgeTech 214 sub -bottom profiler provided less than ideal sediment
profiles in the survey area (Figure 22). Although some of the seismic survey lines crossed over
magnetic anomalies, no correlation with material generating magnetic signatures could be
established.
5m
ie
'--------------------------
-T`
--
10 r1} _
} J�.r--------------.
i6- ------------------------------------------------------------
i-- ------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 22. Example of sub -bottom profiler data where water depth near the channel
was sufficient to produce reasonable definition.

35
Previous Remote -Sensing Survey Investigations
Report Title: A Remote Sensing Survey and Anomaly Assessment Investigation On Jay Bird
Shoal off Smith Island Channel, Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina
Submittal Date: 2007
Corporate Author: Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc., Washington, North Carolina
Principal Investigator: Gordon P. Watts, Jr.
Client: Olsen Associates, Inc., Jacksonville, Florida
Report Title: Anomaly Reassessment Investigation [Addendum Report for A Remote Sensing
Survey and Anomaly Assessment Investigation On Jay Bird Shoal off Smith Island Channel,
Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina submitted 2007]
Submittal Date: 30 November 2017
Corporate Author: Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc., Washington, North Carolina
Principal Investigator: Gordon P. Watts, Jr.
Client: Olsen Associates, Inc., Jacksonville, Florida
Report Title: Phase II Remote -Sensing Archaeological Survey of the Western Extremity of
Jay Bird Shoals Near the Mouth of the Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina
Submittal Date: 27 September 2019
Corporate Author: Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc., Washington, North Carolina
Principal Investigator: Gordon P. Watts, Jr.
Client: Geodynamics LLC, Newport, North Carolina
Conclusions and Recommendations
A survey of historical and archaeological literature and extensive background research
confirmed evidence of sustained maritime activity associated with the Cape Fear River. That
activity began in the seventeenth century and continues in the present day. Twenty-seven
vessels have been documented as lost in the Smith Island vicinity. Seven have been
documented as lost on the "Middle Ground" now identified as JBS. An additional nine vessels
have been recorded as being lost on the bar or at the mouth of the Cape Fear River and may lie
in the vicinity of the proposed borrow site.
One of the earliest and most significant historically documented shipwrecks in North Carolina
waters is the flyboat of Sir John Yeamans which was lost on the "middle ground" in October
1665. The Union armed -tug Violet was lost on the "western bar channel shoal" in August 1864.
An 1884 U.S. Coast and Geodetic chart of the entrance to the Cape Fear (Figure 23)
documented the possible location of Violet. Although USACE records indicated that elements
of the steam machinery associated with a Civil War era shipwreck were removed from the
channel adjacent to the shoal, archaeological evidence from other subject period shipwrecks
"cleared" as obstructions has confirmed that considerable amounts of vessel structures were
frequently left at sites. Among those examples are the USS Southfield (Roanoke River NC),
the CSS Fredericksburg (James River VA), CSS Chattahoochee (Chattahoochee River GA),
and tug Lavender (off Egmont Key FL).

36
H •7?dGC 1.I"ITC
.
WI•;If
.
I•I.
¢
N A.
+
lic• :p 'r`
rr rl rr
L't
rr
..
h 1'• I:I
lul f a. ., I. .� '� l ±' ii�
II' 'n �•
v
N4. S
..
l••
*GAFF KL11R Li$*iT
'•
—
is
7� __
L
II
QIQ
11
��
1-. p3 r��in�i•.
Figure 23. Detail of 1884 U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey chart of the Cape Fear River Entrance.

37
While there is documentary evidence of historic shipwrecks in the project vicinity, the one -
charted wreck in the survey area was not previously located. Several lines previously surveyed
in 2007 (Tidewater Atlantic Research 2007) ran across the wreck symbol that appears on the
current Cape Fear River NOAA Chart 11537-1 (Figure 24). No magnetic anomalies or acoustic
targets were identified on any of the lines. Additional lines run through the wreck symbol
roughly perpendicular to the planned lines also failed to produce any indication of a wreck at
(or near) the site.
n Al 5 /ZJ .,.�.��•.•
%...
Suv Area �.1 $ f' 2� A f
4 2 10
s aC> R
15 4 f!./ FR
S 7 f
4 i �/ , ,
�2Z1.9
z 3�12
Tide rage ,'
'�
Y � � � � f i�1� 20/11
I� r 2r
21
Figure 24. Detail of NOAA Chart 11537-1 showing mapped wreck in 2007 survey area.
Twenty-six magnetic anomalies were identified in the current JBS survey data. Analysis of
those data identified a cluster of four anomalies that have collective signature characteristics
that could represent historic vessel remains. Those four anomalies are recommended for
avoidance or additional investigation. Nine of the remaining 22 anomalies are located in the
200-foot perimeter buffer. One magnetic anomaly is located outside the current survey area.
The 12 unbuffered anomalies inside the borrow area are not considered to be potentially
significant. Those anomalies appear to have been generated by modern debris such as fish and
crab traps, pipes, small diameter rods, cable, wire rope, chain, small boat anchors and possibly
ordnance associated with fortifications on BHI and Oak Island. None of the magnetic
anomalies have an associated acoustic signature.

Analysis of the sidescan sonar data identified only one target. The signature for that acoustic
target represents a linear object on the bottom surface. No magnetic anomaly is associated with
the target. It likely represents a piling or navigation reference such as a dayboard. Analysis of
the sub -bottom profiler data was not ideal due to shallow water in the majority of the area
surveyed. No geological features or targets were identified in those data.
Unexpected Discovery Protocol
In the event that any project activities expose potential prehistoric or historic cultural material
not identified during the remote -sensing survey, the dredge company under contract should
immediately shift operations away from the site (or sites) and notify the respective Point of
Contact for VBHI, OAI, the NCHPO (Raleigh), the NCDNCR (Raleigh), and the UAB (Kure
Beach). Notification should address the exact location, where possible, the nature of material
exposed by project activities and options for immediate archaeological inspection and
assessment of the site (or sites).

39
References Cited and Consulted
Berman, Bruce D.
1972 Encyclopedia ofAmerican Shipwrecks. Mariners Press, Boston.
Brown, Landis G.
1974 Cape Fear Quarantine Station: Origin and Disease Barrier. Brunswick County
Historical Society Newsletter 14(2).
Browning, Robert M., Jr.
1980 The Blockade of Wilmington, North Carolina: 1861-1865. Unpublished M.A. thesis,
Department of History, East Carolina University, Greenville.
Carson, Susan S.
1992 Joshua's Dream: The Story of Old Southport, A Town with Two Names. Southport
Historical Society, Southport, North Carolina.
Duffus, Kevin P.
2017 The Story of Cape Fear and Bald Head Island. Southport Historical Society, Southport,
NC.
Engle, Eloise, and Arnold S. Lott
1975 America's Maritime Heritage. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis.
Galecki, Bryan
2005 Rum Runners, U-Boats, & Hurricanes: The Complete History of the Coast Guard
Cutters Bedloe and Jackson. Pine Belt Publishing, Wilmington, N.C.
Gannon, Michael
1991 Operation Drumbeat: The Dramatic True Story of Germany's First U-Boat Attacks
Along the American Coast in World War IT Reprint of the 1990 edition.
HarperPerennial, New York.
Holcombe, Robert
1993 The Evolution of Confederate Ironclad Design. Unpublished M. A. thesis, Department
of History, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
Lee, Lawrence
1965 The Lower Cape Fear in Colonial Days. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel
Hill.
1977 New Hanover County: A Brief History. Division of Archives and History, North
Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Raleigh.
1978 The History of Brunswick County North Carolina. Board of County Commissioners,
Brunswick County, North Carolina.

Lockhead, John L. (Compiler)
1954 Disasters to American Vessels, Sail and Steam, 1841-1846. Compiled from the New
York Shipping and Commercial List, Mariners Museum, Newport News, VA.
Lonsdale, Adrian L., and H. R. Kaplan (compilers -editors)
1964 A Guide to Sunken Ships in American Waters. Compass Publications, Arlington, VA.
Lytle, William M. and Forrest R. Holdcamper (compiler -editor)
1975 Merchant Steam Vessels of the United States 1790-1868 "The Lytle-Holdcamper List."
Edited by C. Bradford Mitchell. The Steamship Historical Society of America, Staten
Island, NY.
Marx, Robert F.
1983 Shipwrecks in the Americas. Bonanza Books, New York, NY.
National Historical Society
1987 Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion. Ser.
1, vol. 12. Historical Times, Harrisburg, PA.
Old Baldy Foundation
n.d. Wreck Logs: 5 November 1883-18 January 1906. Life Saving Station No. Cape Fear,
District No. Six. Transcribed by Kim H. Gottshall. Old Baldy Museum, Bald Head
Island, NC. [Hard copy on file at Tidewater Atlantic Research, Washington, NC;
cannot be distributed or copied]
Pleasants, James A.
1979 A Brief History of the Lower Cape During the Civil War. Ms. on file, Tidewater
Atlantic Research, Washington, NC.
Potter, Greg L.
1993 Report of Findings: The Yeamans' Expedition Flyboat. Submitted to the Underwater
Archaeology Unit, Division of Archives and History, North Carolina Department of
Cultural Resources, Fort Fisher.
Powell, William.
1989 North Carolina Through Four Centuries. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel
Hill.
Reaves, Bill
1999 Southport (Smithville), A Chronology (1941-1970). Southport Historical Society,
Southport, NC.
Shomette, Donald G.
1973 Shipwrecks of the Civil War, The Encyclopedia of Union and Confederate Naval
Losses. Donic Ltd., Washington, DC.

41
Soley, James Russell
1883 The Navy in the Civil War• The Blockade and the Cruisers. Charles Schribner's,
London, England.
Sprunt, James
2005 Chronicles of the Cape Fear River. Second Edition. Dram Tree Books, Wilmington,
NC.
Still, Jr. William N.
1985 Iron Afloat.• The Story of the Confederate Armorclads. University of South Carolina
Press, Columbia.
The Messenger [Wilmington NC]
1891 The Messenger, 16 May 1891, 7 July 1892.
Tidewater Atlantic Research (TAR)
2007 A Remote Sensing Survey and Anomaly Assessment Investigation On Jay Bird Shoal
off Smith Island Channel, Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina. Report
submitted to Olsen Associates, Inc., Jacksonville, FL, submitted by Tidewater Atlantic
Research, Washington, NC.
2017 Anomaly Reassessment Investigation. Addendum Report for A Remote Sensing Survey
and Anomaly Assessment Investigation On Jay Bird Shoal off Smith Island Channel,
Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina. Report submitted to Olsen
Associates, Inc., Jacksonville, FL, submitted by Tidewater Atlantic Research,
Washington, NC.
2019 Phase II Remote -Sensing Archaeological Survey of the Western Extremity of Jay Bird
Shoals Near the Mouth of the Cape Fear River, Brunswick County, North Carolina.
Report submitted to Geodynamics LLC, Newport, NC, submitted by Tidewater
Atlantic Research, Washington, NC.
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
1870-1979 Annual Reports of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Department of the Army,
Washington, DC.
Watson, Alan D.
1992 Wilmington: Port of North Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia.

Appendix A: Known Shipwreck Losses in the Vicinity of JBS
Vessel
Type
Use
Date of Loss
Location
Disposition
Spanish Vessel
1526
Mouth of the Cape Fear River
Sir John
Fly Boat
OCT 1665
Middle Ground
Unknown
FEB 1767
Cape Fear River Bar
Enterprise
15 FEB 1768
Mouth of the Cape Fear River
Clementine
MAR 1775
Middle Ground
Salvaged(9)
Unknown
FEB 1784
Mouth of the Cape Fear River
Neptune
Brig
26 JAN 1789
Middle Ground
Sabine
Privateer
11 SEP 1814
Florie
Blockade Runner
OCT 1864
Inside Bar
Geor iana McCaw
Blockade Runner
2 JUN 1864
SW of Baldhead Light
Violet
U.S.S. Gunboat
7 AUG 1864
Western Bar
Possibly cleared by USACE
Frying Pan Shoals Lightship
Light Ship
20 DEC 1861
North of Fort Caswell
Sunk by U.S. Mount Vernon
Ellen
Schooner
Blockade Runner
26 JUN 1862
Burned while ashore at Bald Head Channel
Taken in tow by U.S. Victoria.
Sunk in 15 minutes.
Emily
Schooner
Blockade Runner
26 JUN 1862
Burned under the guns of Fort Caswell
Lizzie
Sloop
Blockade Runner
1 AUG 1862
Captured and burned by USS Penobscot off
Bald Head.
Ella
Steamer
Blockade Runner
3 DEC 1864
Run ashore on Bald Head Beach.
Partially Salvaged
Agnes Emily Frye
Steamer
Blockade Runner
27 DEC 1864
Lost 2 miles south of Fort Caswell off Old
Inlet
Pine
Sloop
MAY 1868
Cape Fear Bar
Alex S runt
Lighter
FEB 1872
Felicitus
Bark (Ger.)
JUL 1874
Main Bar
Salvaged
Maria Needham
Bark Br.
14 JAN 1874
Middle Ground
Salvaged
Vapor
Schooner
5 NOV 1895
Cape Fear Bar
San Antonio
Bark Br.
13 JAN 1890
Salvaged
O it
Bark or.
10 NOV 1894
Middle Ground
Salvaged
Clarence H
Schooner
9 DEC 1902
South of Cape Fear Bar
Col. Thos. F. Austin
Schooner
24 FEB 1916
Middle Ground
Unknown
Bark
13 JUN 1930
Middle Ground
Magnolia
Sailboat
Pleasure
30 OCT 1993
"on Jay Bird Shoal"
A noia
Tanker
Commercial
20 DEC 1999
"west of Buoy #7 at Jay Bird Shoal"
Refloated

Appendix B: JBS Magnetic Anomaly Table

Name X Coordinate Y Coordinate Survey Line # Anomaly # Signature Gammas Duration Assessment Significance
JBS-1-nm-1.9g-65.9f 2295264.6 43772 1 1 Negative Monopolar 1.9g 65.9f In Perimeter Buffer Not Potentially Significant
JBS-1-2-pm-4.7g-67.2f
2295906.1
43288.8
1
2
Positive Monopolar
4.7g
67.2f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-2-1-nm-5.6g-60.9f
2295779.3
43428.1
2
1
Negative Monopolar
5.6g
60.9f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-4-1-pm-6.8g-81.4f
2295654.3
43659.4
4
1
Positive Monopolar
6.8g
81.4f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-6-1-dp-80.2g-163.5f
2296018.3
43501.5
6
1
Dipolar
80.2g
163.5f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-7-1-dp-49.5g-158.8f
2295929.8
43644.6
7
1
Dipolar
49.5g
158.8f
Moderate Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-8-1-pm-2.8g-74.6f
2295447.3
44081.1
8
1
Positive Monopolar
2.8g
74.6f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-13-1-dp-5.7g-52.1f
2295557.1
44318.5
13
1
Dipolar
5.7g
52.1f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-14-1-pm-3.6g-126.2f
2295652.6
44309.4
14
1
Positive Monopolar
3.6g
126.2f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-14-2-pm-5.1g-76.3f
2296201.4
43882.4
14
2
Positive Monopolar
5.1g
76.3f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-15-1-dp-28.2g-123.2f
2295539.1
44461.3
15
1
Dipolar
28.2g
123.2f
Moderate Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-16-1-pm-20.9g-104.5f
2296372.4
43873.9
16
1
Positive Monopolar
20.9g
104.5f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS_17-1-nm-15g-110.2f
2296267.2
44013.7
17
1
Negative Monopolar
15g
110.2f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-17-2-dp-16g-134f
2295790.9
44385.5
17
2
Dipolar
16g
134f
Moderate Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-17-3-dp-10.2g-103.1f
2295093.1
44927
17
3
Dipolar
10.2g
103.1f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS_25_1-pm-13.4g-88.4f
2295957.8
44762.7
25
1
Positive Monopolar
13.4g
88.4f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-26-1-dp-3.5g-85.5f
2296349.5
44518.9
26
1
Dipolar
3.5g
85.5f
Small Ferrous Object
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-27-1-dp-4.9g-110.4f
2296304.3
44622.9
27
Dipolar
4.9g
110.4f
Avoidance Buffered
Potentially Significant
JBS-28-1-dp-9.5g-167.6f
2296320
44674.7
28
Dipolar
9.5g
167.6f
Avoidance Buffered
Potentially Significant
JBS-29-1-dp-45g-179.2f
2296224.5
44809.3
29
Dipolar
45g
179.2f
Avoidance Buffered
Potentially Significant
JBS-30-1-nm-106.7g-129.5f
2296366
44752.5
30
Negative Monopolar
106.7g
129.5f
Avoidance Buffered
Potentially Significant
JBS-32-1-pm-13g-83.8f
2295535.7
45528
32
1
Positive Monopolar
13g
83.8f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-33-1-pm-4.3g-64.9f
2296951.9
44508.4
33
1
Positive Monopolar
4.3g
64.9f
Out of Survey Area
Not Potentially Significant
J B S -33-2-dp-9.2g-83.2f
2296578.6
44784
33
2
Dipolar
9.2g
83.2f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-33-3-nm-5.8g-91.7f
2295453.2
45667.4
33
3
Negative Monopolar
5.8g
91.7f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant
JBS-34-1-pm-20.1g-160.7f
2295985.4
45316.4
34
1
Positive Monopolar
20.1g
160.7f
In Perimeter Buffer
Not Potentially Significant

Appendix D-Geotechnical Report
(Available upon request if not included)

►vi l =I ►yi Eel ZT-111 0 11111 Ly1
TO: Heather Coates, Beaches & Inlet Mgt. Project Coordinator
CC: G. Finch; C. Preziosi; C. McCall; Emily Hughes olsen
FROM: Erik J. Olsen, P.E. E3-0 associates, inc.
Coastal Engineering
DATE: 25 July 2023
RE: Village of Bald Head Island - Borrow Site Expansion Project
Geotechnical Report Dated October 2022
Pursuant to your request, the attached signed and sealed document certifies sediment
compatibility of the proposed Jay Bird Shoal borrow site expansion with respect to its use as a
source of beach fill at Bald Head Island, N.C. If you recall, the sediments typifying the entirety
of the recipient shoreline at South Beach do not constitute a "natural beach" condition. That is to
say, the subject shoreline has received approximately 12.9 Mcy of beach fill since about 2001 --
with about 77% of that volume being placed as disposal material excavated from the adjacent
federal navigation project channel. The most recent federal disposal project was completed in
early 2023. As directed by CAMA during the permitting of the original Jay Bird Borrow Site in
or about 2007, the Applicant's engineer was directed to evaluate borrow site "compatibility" based
upon the sediment characteristics of East Beach -- which to -date remains in a natural beach
condition, i.e. never affected by beach fill placement. Accordingly, as you will note therein, the
October 2022 Borrow Site Expansion Investigation follows that original guidance in its present-
day compatibility determination.
If I can provide any additional information at this time regarding the enclosed document,
please let me know.
Thank you.
Enc.
olsen associates, inc. 1 2618 Herschel Street I Jacksonville, FL 32204 1 904.387.6114 1 FAX [phone]
www.olsen-associates.com.

A� H E IyA
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
GEOTECHNICAL VIBRACORE REPORT
2022 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
JAY BIRD SHOALS BORROW AREA EXPANSION
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
September 2022
Prepared for:
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2618 Herschel Street
Jacksonville, FL 32204
Prepared by:
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
4000, McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
AWHEtAA [phone]
TCCHNQL0 reS.INc. www.athenatechnologies.com

GEOTECHNICAL VIBRACORE REPORT
2022 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
JAY BIRD SHOALS BORROW AREA EXPANSION
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Methodology
Section 3: Discussion
Section 4: References
FIGURES
Figure 1: Study Area Location Map
Figure 2: Vibracore Location Map
TABLES
Table 1: Elevation Data Conversion Summary
Table 2:
Geotechnical Vibracore Summary
Table 3:
Grain Size Data Summary
APPENDICES
Appendix A:
Core Photographs and Logs
Appendix B:
Grain Size Distribution Data
Appendix C:
Grain Size Data Summary Graphs
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
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Page 11
Section 1: Introduction
Athena Technologies, Inc. (Athena) was contracted by Olsen Associates, Inc.
(OAI) of Jacksonville, Florida to collect geotechnical vibracore samples in the vicinity of
Jay Bird Shoals, which is located west of Bald Head Island in Brunswick County, North
Carolina (Figure 1). The scope of the project included the collection of 10 geotechnical
vibracores. Two of the vibracores were positioned in the existing permitted borrow site at
Jay Bird Shoals, and the remaining 8 vibracores were located in a proposed expansion
area. The scope of services also included geological logging, core photography, vibracore
sub -sampling, contracting laboratory analyses, and geotechnical reporting. Vibracore
sampling was conducted in July 2022; a summary of the vibracore collection methodology
and findings of the geotechnical investigation are presented below.
Section 2: Methodology
Athena utilized the 35-foot research vessel, Artemis, to act as the sampling
platform for this project. Artemis was equipped with all required US Coast Guard (USCG)
safety gear and was operated by a USCG -certified, 100 Ton Master Captain. A Trimble
Differential Global Positioning System (sub -meter accuracy) interfaced with HYPACK
was utilized for primary navigation. Horizontal coordinates were recorded in North
American Datum of 1983 State Plane Coordinate System, North Carolina (Zone 3200),
U.S. Survey Feet. Real-time tide elevation data was obtained using a Champion TKO
Global Navigation Satellite System receiver interfaced with the North Carolina
Continuously Operating Reference Station Network, which served as the base station.
During field operations, Artemis was immobilized over the desired sample sites
(provided by OAI) using a triple -point anchor system. Once on station, the coordinates at
the vessel location were compared with the coordinates for the desired sample location
to ensure accurate vessel positioning. Upon satisfactory positioning, a water depth was
collected via lead line or fathometer and final horizontal coordinates were recorded at
each station. Tide elevation data were also recorded in the field and were referenced to
North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Elevation data were subsequently converted to
National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) using the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) VDatum software program (Version 4.4.2). A
summary of the data conversion has been included as Table 1. The tide elevation data
was utilized to determine the sediment surface elevation at each sample location.
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
AW H E I4A [phone]
T1_:CHIJ0L0,ff .INC- www.athenatechnologies.com

FIGURE 1: Study Area Location Map
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County, North Carolina
A� H E IyA
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
www.athenatechnologies.com
NOTES:
- Vibracores were
collected in July 2022
VIBRACORE
STUDY AREA
0 4 8
Miles
IMAGE SOURCE:
Sentinel 2
ESA
Athena Technologies, Inc.
PO Box 68
McClellanville, SC 29458
843-887-3844

Pag 13
A custom -designed and fabricated vibracore system was utilized to collect the
geotechnical cores. The system consists of a generator with a mechanical vibrator
attached via cable. The vibrator is attached directly to a 3-inch diameter, galvanized
sample barrel. The sample barrel was lowered until the bottom of the barrel was directly
above the sediment surface. The vibracore machine was turned on and the sample barrel
was allowed to penetrate to a depth of -24 feet NGVD 29, or to refusal. Vibracore
penetration was recorded from the deck using marked drill stems. Once the sample barrel
reached the desired depth, the machine was turned off and the sample barrel was
retrieved using an electric winch. The recovered core length was measured following core
retrieval, and percent recovery was verified. The cores were then capped, labeled, and
cut into 5-foot sections. A vibracore summary table containing final location coordinates,
elevation data, and penetration and recovery lengths has been included as Table 2, and
a vibracore location map has been included as Figure 2.
The completed cores were opened longitudinally at Athena's core processing
facility in McClellanville, South Carolina. The cores were photographed after opening and
were logged by Athena's geologist in accordance with protocol outlined in ASTM D 2488
and ASTM D 2487. Draft core logs and photo -mosaic images of the cores were provided
to OAI for selection of sediment sub -sample intervals. Upon receipt of sub -sample
selections from OAI, Athena extracted and shipped the sub -samples to Terracon
Consultants, Inc. (Terracon) in Jacksonville, Florida. Terracon is a USACE-certified
geotechnical laboratory. One composite sub -sample and 2 discrete sub -samples were
collected from each core. The sub -samples were analyzed for grain size distribution in
accordance with ASTM D 6913 using the following sieve sizes: 3/4 in., 5/8 in., 7/16 in.,
5/16 in., No. 3.5, No. 4, No. 5, No. 7, No. 10, No. 14, No. 18, No. 25, No. 35, No. 45, No.
60, No. 80, No. 120, No. 170, No. 200, and No. 230. Visual estimation of shell content
was also conducted on all sub -samples using the Terry and Chilingar method (1955), and
the composite samples were analyzed for carbonate content using the Twenhofel and
Tyler acid digestion method (1941). Vibracore logs were developed using gINT (Version
8.2), and laboratory analytical data were incorporated into the gINT project file for
statistical evaluation. A tabular summary of grain size data is presented in Table 3. Core
photographs and logs have been included in Appendix A, and grain size distribution
curves and granularmetric reports have been included as Appendix B. Graphs depicting
percent accessory components (i.e., carbonate, gravel, silt/clay, etc.) and grain size
distribution parameters (e.g., mean grain size, percent passing the No. 230 sieve, etc.)
have been included as Appendix C.
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Page 15
Section 3: Discussion
The vibracore study area (depicted on Figure 1) is located approximately 1 mile
to the west of Bald Head Island, near the entrance to the Cape Fear River. More
specifically, the vibracores were positioned southwest of the aerially exposed portion of
Jay Bird Shoals, which is located northwest of the federal navigation channel entering the
Cape Fear River. The mean tidal range at the study area is approximately 4.5 feet, and
tidal current velocities in the channel adjacent to the study area range from 0.5 to greater
than 1.5 knots during peak tidal exchange periods (National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration).
Sediment surface elevations ranged from -6.3 to -17.7 feet NGVD 29 at sample
locations in the study area. Vibracore penetration depths ranged from 10.0 feet to 19.3
feet below sediment surface and recovered core depths ranged from -19.9 to -27.5 feet
NGVD 29. Upon review of the data set, the cores can generally be grouped according to
water depths and energy regimes from which they were collected around the study area;
shallow, intermediate, and deep sample locations. Observations regarding each grouping
of cores is presented below.
Shallow Cores (JBS-22-01, -02, -05, and -06)
• Sediment surface elevations ranged from -7 to -11 feet NGVD 29.
• Cores were generally characterized by a dominance of fine-grained quartz
sand with minimal silt/clay-sized constituents in the analyzed composite
intervals. Silt/clay-lined burrow traces were also commonly observed in these
cores.
• The average mean grain size from composite sub -samples from these cores
was 0.26 millimeters (mm), while the average carbonate content percentage
was 9.0%.
• The average percentage of fine-grained constituents (i.e., silt and/or clay -sized
material) was 2.96%.
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4000, McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
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Page 16
Intermediate Cores (JBS-22-03, -04, -07 and -09)
• Sediment surface elevations ranged from -10 to -15 feet NGVD 29.
• Tidally influenced bedding characteristics, as evidenced by the presence of
interbedded quartz sand and fine-grained silt/clay, were noted below a surficial
fine-grained sand interval. The depth at which the fine-grained tidal bedding
was first encountered in the cores ranged from approximately -17 to -23 feet
NGVD 29.
• The average mean grain size in composite sub -samples from these cores was
0.17 mm, while the average carbonate content percentage was 7.4%.
• The average percentage of fine-grained constituents was 3.67% and there was
negligible amounts of gravel and granule -sized constituents in the sub -
samples.
• Although a majority of these cores terminated in sandy intervals (USCS = SP),
core JBS-22-07 terminated in a fat clay (USCS = CH) interval greater than 3
feet in thickness. The CH interval was encountered at a depth of approximately
-24' NGVD 29, though smaller CH and clayey sand (USCS = SC) intervals were
first noted at approximately -21 feet NGVD 29 in that core.
Deep Cores (JBS-22-08 and -10)
• Cores JBS-22-08 and -10 were located in deepest water depths where
sediment surface elevations were below -17' NGVD 29.
• These cores were dominated by fine to medium -grained quartz sand with
relatively high percentages of shell content.
• Composite sub -samples from those cores reported the highest mean grain size
and highest percentages of carbonate content, gravel -sized constituents and
granule -sized constituents among all the cores. The average carbonate content
from composite samples from the 2 locations was 17.3% and average mean
grain size was 0.48 mm.
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
4000, McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
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Page 17
• The average percentage of fine-grained was 1.61 %; very little fine-grained tidal
bedding was observed in these cores.
• The coarser -grained sediment characteristics in these 2 cores is likely due to
the fact that they were positioned closest to the high current velocities in the
main navigation channel.
Discussion Regarding Laboratory Analyses
It should be noted that hydrometer analysis was not conducted on the fine-grained
fraction of the sub -samples. As a result, the relative percentages of silt- and clay -sized
particles in each sub -sample was not established. In response, the laboratory assigned
a default designation of "silt" and a liquid limit of greater than 50% to all material passing
the No. 200 sieve. Lacking sufficient laboratory data to differentiate between silt- and clay -
sized particles, the USCS classification assigned by Athena's geologist took precedence,
when a discrepancy was noted between the laboratory USCS designation and the USCS
designation in the associated core log.
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
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Page 18
Section 4: References
ASTM D 2487-11, Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes
(Unified Soil Classification System), ASTM International, West Conshohocken,
PA. 2011.
ASTM D 2488-00, Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual -
Manual Procedure), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. 2000.
ASTM D 6913-04, Standard Test Methods for Particle -Size Distribution (Gradation) of
Soils Using Sieve Analysis, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. 2004.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Operational Oceanographic
Products and Services, Station ID: 8658901 Bald Head Island, Cape Fear River,
NC. Accessed on 30 August 2022. Obtained from:
https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/noaatidepredictions.html?id=8658901
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Operational Oceanographic
Products and Services, Station ID: CFR1626 Bald Head Shoal. Accessed on 30
August 2022. Obtained from:
https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/noaacurrents/Predictions?id=CFR1626.
Terry, R. D. and Chilingar, C. V., Summary of "Concerning some additional aids in
studying sedimentary formations" by M. S. Shvetsov. Journal of Sedimentary
Petrology, v. 25, pp. 214-229. 1955.
Twenhofel, W.H. and Tyler S.A., Methods of Study of Sediments, McGraw-Hill, New York,
p. 183. 1941.
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
4000, McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
AWHEtAA [phone]
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TABLES
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
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TI-C H N 0 L 0 ,ff- INC:, www.athenatechnologies.com

TABLE 1 - Elevation Data Conversion Summary
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Data Conversion Input Parameters I'1
Data Conversion Output Parameters IZl
Station ID
East
W
North
(y)
Elevation
(ft NAVD 88)
Latitude
Longitude
Elevation
(ft NGVD 29)
JBS-22-01
45628.13
2295027.53
1.66
33.871222
-78.028523
2.81
JBS-22-02
45037.75
2295796.15
1.27
33.869579
-78.026010
2.42
JBS-22-03
44547.99
2296515.45
-0.52
33.868214
-78.023657
0.63
JBS-22-04
44598.57
2295455.88
-1.26
33.868381
-78.027145
-0.11
JBS-22-05
44945.79
2295026.10
3.38
33.869347
-78.028549
4.53
JBS-22-06
44768.94
2294325.98
-1.06
33.868880
-78.030861
0.09
JBS-22-07
44140.78
2295131.85
-2.35
33.867132
-78.028227
-1.20
JBS-22-08
43656.45
2295748.75
-2.23
33.865785
-78.026211
-1.08
JBS-22-09
43797.80
2294681.54
-2.67
33.866202
-78.029721
-1.52
JBS-22-10
43297.10
2295334.73
-2.27
33.864809
-78.027585
-1.12
[1] = Horizontal coordinates were recorded in the field and were referenced to North American Datum of 1983, State Plane Coordinate System, North Carolina (Zone 3200), US Survey Feet. Elevation data were also collected in the field using a
Spectra SP80 Global Navigation Satellite System receiver interfaced with the North Carolina Continuously Operating Reference Station network, and were referenced to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
Notes
[2] = Coordinate and elevation conversion performed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Vertical Datum Online Transformation Tool (VDatum) software, Version 4.4.2
It NAVD 88 = Feet relative to North American Vertical Datum of 1988
fl NGVD 29 = Feet relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
400.
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
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1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
[phone]
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TABLE 2 - Geotechnical Vibracore Summary
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Bottom
Sediment
Tide
Elevation ofPenetration
Collection
East
North
Water Depth
Surface
Recovery
Boring ID
Time
Elevation
Recovered
Notes
Date
(x)
(Y)
(ft)
Elevation
(ft)
(ft)
(ft NGVD 29)
Core
(ft NGVD 29)
(ft NGVD 29)
JBS-22-01
7/11/2022
16:11
2295022.79
45629.44
11.4
2.8
-8.6
-24.1
17.2
15.5
JBS-22-02
7/11/2022
15:21
2295790.28
45039.62
9.5
2.4
-7.1
-23.9
19.3
16.8
JBS-22-03
7/11/2022
14:28
2296509.99
44548.06
15.2
0.6
-14.6
-27.5
15.2
12.9
JBS-22-04
7/11/2022
13:54
2295448.97
44598.66
9.5
-0.1
-9.6
-24.9
18.0
15.3
JBS-22-05
7/11/2022
17:00
2295016.76
44946.78
10.8
4.5
-6.3
-19.9
16.9
13.6
Made 3 coring attempts; surging waves and excessive boat movement
resu ea in high tide because cconditions and bend sample barrel; we accessed the
location
location at high tide because conditions were too shallow at lower parts of
the tidal cycle; 3rd core retained for processing and location abandoned.
JBS-22-06
7/11/2022
13:14
2294323.07
44770.52
11.4
0.1
-11.3
-26.1
17.8
14.8
JBS-22-07
7/11/2022
12:45
2295127.02
44141.92
11.5
-1.2
-12.7
-27.0
16.2
14.3
JBS-22-08
7/11/2022
11:54
2295744.80
43655.87
16.5
-1.1
-17.6
-25.7
10.0
8.1
JBS-22-09
7/11/2022
11:31
2294677.37
43796.77
11.4
-1.5
-12.9
-27.0
16.0
14.1
JBS-22-10
7/11/2022
10:45
2295332.62
43294.35
16.6
-1.1
-17.7
-26.4
10.3
8.7
Notes
ft = feet
NGVD 29 = National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
TECt-l1401-0GIE5, INC.
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[phone]
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TABLE 3 - Grain Size Data Summary
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Boring
ID
Sample
ID
Sample Interval
Laboratory
USCS
Classification
Percent
Gravel -Sized
Fraction I'I
Percent
Granule-
Sized
Fraction [2]
Percent
Sand -Sized
Fraction [31
Percent
Fine -Grained
Fraction [41
Visual
Percent
Shell "I
Percent
Carbonate [el
Mean Grain
Size I'I
mm
( )
Grain Size Diameter
Depth
Interval
(ft bss)
Depth
Interval
(ft NGVD 29)
D 90
(mm)
D 85
(mm)
D 50
(mm)
D 15
(mm)
D 10
(mm)
C1
0 to 15.4
-8.6 to -24.0
SP
0.29
0.72
97.17
1.83
4
6.9
0.24
0.50
0.36
0.21
0.14
0.13
JBS-22-01
S1
5.1
-13.7
SP
0.16
0.04
98.31
1.49
11
N/A
0.22
0.38
0.33
0.20
0.14
0.13
S2
10.3
-18.9
SP
0.11
0.85
97.80
1.24
4
N/A
0.23
0.41
0.33
0.20
0.14
0.13
C1
0 to 16.8
-7.1 to -23.9
SP
0.75
0.66
96.54
2.05
11
9.3
0.26
0.69
0.50
0.21
0.14
0.13
JBS-22-02
S1
5.6
-12.7
SP
0.04
0.12
98.50
1.35
4
N/A
0.22
0.36
0.32
0.20
0.14
0.14
S2
11.2
-18.3
SP
0.00
0.09
96.15
3.75
3
N/A
0.19
0.30
0.26
0.18
0.13
0.13
C1
0 to 9.4
-14.6 to -24.0
SP
0.00
0.08
97.88
2.04
2
6.0
0.16
0.23
0.21
0.16
0.13
0.11
JBS-22-03
S1
3.1
-17.7
SP
0.00
0.18
97.90
1.93
6
N/A
0.18
0.24
0.23
0.17
0.13
0.13
S2
6.3
-20.9
SP
0.00
0.00
97.60
2.40
6
N/A
0.16
0.23
0.21
0.15
0.13
0.11
C1
0 to 7.4
-9.6 to -17.0
SP
0.00
0.02
97.10
2.88
4
7.5
0.19
0.31
0.26
0.17
0.13
0.11
JBS-22-04
S1
4.8
-14.4
SP
0.00
0.09
98.00
1.91
1
N/A
0.19
0.28
0.25
0.18
0.13
0.13
S2
9.6
-19.2
SP-SM
0.00
0.05
92.93
7.01
0
N/A
0.16
0.23
0.22
0.15
0.12
0.10
C1
0 to 13.6
-6.3 to -19.9
SP
0.66
0.42
96.74
2.17
13
9.5
0.28
0.69
0.56
0.23
0.15
0.14
JBS-22-05
S1
4.5
-10.8
SP
0.05
0.32
97.51
2.12
10
N/A
0.22
0.37
0.32
0.20
0.14
0.13
S2
9.1
-15.4
SP
0.00
0.37
98.54
1.09
18
N/A
0.42
0.99
0.88
0.42
0.19
0.17
C1
0 to 12.7
-11.3 to -24.0
SP-SM
0.56
0.83
92.84
5.77
5
10.2
0.26
0.71
0.53
0.20
0.13
0.11
JBS-22-06
S1
4.2
-15.5
SP
0.03
0.41
98.08
1.49
3
N/A
0.26
0.49
0.41
0.24
0.15
0.14
S2
8.5
-19.8
SP
0.15
0.41
98.52
0.92
2
N/A
0.18
0.28
0.24
0.16
0.13
0.13
C1
0 to 7.3
-12.7 to -20.0
SP
0.00
0.04
97.50
2.46
4
7.7
0.18
0.29
0.25
0.17
0.13
0.11
JBS-22-07
S1
2.4
-15.1
SP
0.00
0.05
98.69
1.26
2
N/A
0.18
0.27
0.24
0.17
0.13
0.13
S2
4.9
-17.6
SP
0.00
0.11
97.35
2.53
3
N/A
0.16
0.26
0.23
0.15
0.11
0.10
C1
0 to 6.4
-17.6 to -24.0
SP
1.64
3.18
93.57
1.60
15
19.8
0.55
1.40
1.21
0.61
0.19
0.16
JBS-22-08
S1
2.1
-19.7
SP
6.58
7.61
85.05
0.75
26
N/A
0.90
3.04
1.93
0.80
0.39
0.33
S2
4.3
-21.9
SP
1.01
5.44
93.30
0.25
24
N/A
0.85
1.77
1.50
0.87
0.45
0.37
�HIEr��
TECHNOLOGI 3, INC.
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TABLE 3 - Grain Size Data Summary
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Boring
ID
Sample
ID
Sample Interval
Laboratory
USCS
Classification
Percent
Gravel -Sized
Fraction I'I
Percent
Granule-
Sized
Fraction IZ�
Percent
Sand -Sized
Fraction 13�
Percent
Fine -Grained
Fraction I4I
Visual
Percent
Shell I51
Percent
Carbonate I5�
Mean Grain
Size I71
(mm)
mm
Grain Size Diameter
Depth
Interval
(ft bss)
Depth
Interval
(ft NGVD 29)
D 90
(mm)
D 85
(mm)
D 50
(mm)
D 15
(mm)
D 10
(mm)
C1
0 to 11.1
12.9 to -24.0
SP-SM
0.04
0.31
92.35
7.30
9
8.5
0.16
0.23
0.21
0.15
0.10
0.09
JBS-22-09
S1
3.7
-16.6
SP
0.00
0.14
97.68
2.18
4
N/A
0.17
0.23
0.22
0.16
0.13
0.13
S2
7.4
-20.3
SP-SM
0.00
0.32
89.70
9.99
2
N/A
0.15
0.20
0.18
0.14
0.10
0.06
C1
0 to 6.3
17.7 to -24.0
SP
4.01
1.83
92.55
1.61
12
14.8
0.42
1.24
0.94
0.36
0.15
0.14
JBS-22-10
S1
2.1
-19.8
SP
0.37
0.95
97.56
1.12
7
N/A
0.26
0.69
0.53
0.21
0.15
0.14
S2
4.2
-21.9
SP
0.00
0.08
98.94
0.98
8
N/A
0.40
0.70
0.64
0.40
0.25
0.21
ft bss = feet below sediment surface
ft NGVD 29 = feet relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
USCS = Unified Soil Classification System
[1] = Defined as the sample fraction which is greater than or equal to 4.76 millimeters (i.e., retained on sieve sizes greater than or equal to the Number 4 sieve).
[2] = Defined as the sample fraction which is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters and less than 4.76 millimeters (i.e., retained on sieve sizes between the Number 5 and Number 10 sieves).
Notes
[3] = Defined as the sample fraction which is greater than or equal to 0.0625 millimeters and less than 2 millimeters (i.e., retained on sieve sizes between the Number 12 and Number 230 sieves).
[4] = Defined as the sample fraction which is less than 0.0625 millimeters (i.e., passes the Number 230 sieve).
[5] = Visual percent shell determined using the Terry and Chilingar method (1955).
[6] = Percent carbonate determined using the Tyler and Twenhofel acid digestion method (1941).
[7] = Mean grain size was calculated in gINT using the Moment Method.
mm = millimeters
N/A = Not analyzed
TECHNOLOGI 3, INC.
Page 2 of 2
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
[phone]
www.athenatechnologies.com

Aw"E r4wk
i I:CH N 0 L 0 (, ff - INC:.
APPENDIX A
Core Photographs and Logs
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
[phone]
www.athenatechnologies.com

7.1
0-i
"El
u
5n
o.i
MIMI
DJ
10
10
13
146
16
17
if:]
19
1520
Page A-1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-01
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -8.6
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -24.1
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
<�a>
ATHEMA,
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-01
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-01 i X = 2,295,023 Y = 45,629
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 11.4 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 16:11 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -8.6 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 15.5 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 17.2 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
1XJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-8.6
0.0
W
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace fine to medium sand -sized shells
in matrix occasional fine gravel -sized shells
below 5.0', loose, subangular, gray
(2.5Y-6/1), (SP).
Sample #S1, Depth = 5.1'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.22, Phi Sorting: 0.66
Shell: 11 % Fines (#230) - 1.49
-14.5
5.9
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace fine to coarse sand -sized shells,
clay -lined Callianassa major burrow trace at
6.8-7.0', loose, subangular, light brownish
-15.8
7.2
gray (2.5Y-6/2), (SP).
C1
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 15.4'
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.24, Phi Sorting: 0.85
Shell: 4% Carbonate: 6.9% Fines (#230) - 1.82
Poorly graded SAND; fine grading to fine to
medium quartz sand, trace inorganic clay in
occasional burrows, clay -lined burrow trace
at 10.7-10.9', trace fine to coarse sand -sized
Sample #S2, Depth = 10.3'
shells in matrix & in layers below 10.9% loose,
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.23, Phi Sorting: 0.79
subangular, gray (2.5Y-6/1), (SP).
Shell: 4% Fines (#230) - 1.25
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-2

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-01
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,295,023 Y = 45,629
-8.6 Ft.
C
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
mN
-21.5
12.9
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine sand to coarse gravel -sized shells in
matrix & in layer at base, loose, subangular,
grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
C1
-22.8
14.2
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace fine to coarse sand -sized shells
-23.6
15.0
in matrix, trace inorganic clay in occasional
burrows & flaser beds, loose, subangular,
-24.1
15.5
grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2) grades to, gray
2.5Y-5/1 , SP .
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic/organic clay in matrix, burrows &
laminations, trace fine to coarse sand -sized
shells, loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-4/2),
SP .
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-3

7.1
I
5m
u
5n�
o.I
MIMI
DJ
10
10
13
146
15
16
17
ff:3
19
15m 20
Page A-4
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-02
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -7.1
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -23.9
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
A�HEN,�
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-02
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-02 i X = 2,295,790 Y = 45,040
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 9.5 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
0 INCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 15:21 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -7.1 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 16.8 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 19.3 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
1XJ
OIL
ELEV.
SCALE
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
%
REMARKS
(ft)
-7.1
(ft)
0.0
W
Depths and elevations based on measured values
REC.
Ga
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, few fine to coarse sand -sized shells in
matrix, occasional fine gravel -sized shells,
loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
12.3
5.2
Sample #S1, Depth = 5.6'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.22, Phi Sorting: 0.67
Shell: 4% Fines (#230) - 1.34
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 16.8'
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
C1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.26, Phi Sorting: 1.01
inorganic clay in burrows, clay -lined
Shell: 11 /o Carbonate: 9.3 /o Fines (#230) 2.05
Callianassa major burrow traces at 8.7-8.9' &
10.8-11.5', trace fine to coarse sand -sized
shells, loose, subangular, light brownish gray
(2.5Y-6/2), (SP).
Sample #S2, Depth = 11.2'
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.19, Phi Sorting: 0.56
Shell: 3% Fines (#230) - 3.76
-19.3
12.2
all
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-5

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-02
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,295,790 Y = 45,040
-7.1 Ft.
1XJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
low
oor y graded tine quartz sand, race
inorganic clay in burrows & laminations,
-20.4
1 13.3
..
clay -lined Callianassa major burrow trace at
12.3-12.6', organic silt present at 12.6', trace
fine to medium sand -sized shells, notable
20.9
13.8
mica, loose, subangular, dark gray (5Y-4/1),
SP . continued
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, few fine sand to coarse gravel -sized
-22.1
15.0
shells, trace inorganic clay in laminations,
loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2 , SIP .
C1
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine to coarse sand -sized shells, loose,
subangular, notable mica, gray (5Y-5/1)
grades to, gray (5Y-6/1), SP .
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine sand to fine gravel -sized shells in
-23.9
16.8
matrix, trace inorganic clay in burrow at
base, loose, subangular, grayish brown
2.5Y-5/2 , SP .
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-6

I
1
2
KI
5
5
L
7
�'1
10
10
13
14
15
Page A-7
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-03
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -14.6
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -27.5
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
A�HENA%,
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-03
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-03 X = 2,296,510 Y = 44,548
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 15.2 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 14:28 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -14.6 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 12.9 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 15.2 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
1XJ
OIL
ELEV.
SCALE
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
%
REMARKS
(ft)
-14.6
(ft)
0.0
W
Depths and elevations based on measured values
REC.
Ga
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic/organic clay in occasional burrows,
trace fine sand -sized shells, notable mica,
loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
Sample #S1, Depth = 3.1'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.18, Phi Sorting: 0.43
Shell: 6% Fines (#230) - 1.91
-18.2
3.6
' '
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 9.4'
C1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.16, Phi Sorting: 0.39
Shell: 2% Carbonate: 6.0% Fines (#230) - 2.05
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic/organic clay in burrows &
laminations, clay -lined Callianassa major
Sample #S2, Depth = 6.3'
burrow traces at 4.2-4.5' & 6.6-6.8', notable
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.16, Phi Sorting: 0.37
mica, loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2)
Shell: 6% Fines (#230) - 2.41
and, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y-3/2),
(SP).
-23.51
8.9
1.
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand
interbedded with inorganic/organic clay in
laminations & layers, trace fine sand -sized
shells, loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2)
and, dark olive gray (5Y-3/2), (SP-SC).
-25.51
10.9
Clayey SAND; fine quartz sand, some
25.9
11.3
inorganic/organic clay, clean sand in
burrows, loose/soft, very dark grayish brown
2.5Y-3/2 , (SC).
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-8

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-03
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,296,510 Y = 44,548
14.6 Ft.
C
loJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
loth
Poorly graded tine o medium quartz
-27.5
12.9
sand, trace fine sand to fine gravel -sized
shells, trace inorganic/organic clay in
burrows & in lamination at 12.6', coarse
gravel -sized shell at 12.8', loose, subangular,
grayish brown 2.5Y-5/2 , SP . continued
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-9

I
1
2
KI
I
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
13
146
16
17
if;]
19
15ml 20
Page A-10
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-04
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -9.6
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -24.9
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
<�a>
ATHEMA,
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-04
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-04 X = 2,295,449 Y = 44,599
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 9.5 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
0 INCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 13:54 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -9.6 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 15.3 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 18.0 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-9.6
0.0
W
A
loth
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine to medium sand -sized shells in matrix,
loose, subangular, gray (2.5Y-6/1), (SP).
11.5
1.9
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium grading
to fine quartz sand, trace inorganic clay in
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0' 7.4'
burrows, trace fine to coarse sand -sized
Cl
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.19, Phi Sorting: 0.62
shells in matrix & in layer at top, occasional
Shell: 4% Carbonate: 7.5% Fines (#230) - 2.88
fine gravel -sized shells to 2.4', loose,
subangular, grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
Sample #S1, Depth = 4.8'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.19, Phi Sorting: 0.48
Shell: 1 % Fines (#230) - 1.93
-15.2
5.6
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic/organic clay in flaser beds,
laminations & layers, notable mica, loose,
subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2) grades to,
olive gray (5Y-4/2), (SP).
-16.9
7.3
Clayey SAND; fine quartz sand, little
inorganic/organic clay, clean sand in
-17.7
8.1
burrows, loose/soft, very dark gray
2.5Y-3/1 , (SC).
Poorly graded SAND with clay; fine quartz
sand, few inorganic/organic clay in matrix,
burrows, laminations & in layers below 10.1',
Sample #S2, Depth = 9.6'
sand grain size increases slightly below
S2
(SP-SM), Mean (mm): 0.16, Phi Sorting: 0.40
10.4', loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-4/2)
Shell: 0% Fines (#230) - 7.01
and, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y-3/2),
(SP-SC).
-20.6
11.0
'
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine to coarse sand -sized shells in
matrix, loose, subangular, grayish brown
(2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-11

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-04
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,295,449 Y = 44,599
-9.6 Ft.
C
jXJ
Od
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
mN
-22.4
12.8
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace inorganic/organic clay in layer at
-23.1
13.5
top, trace fine to medium sand -sized shells,
loose, subangular, gray (2.5Y-5/1) and, black
2.5Y-2.5/1 , SP .
-23.4
13.8
Sandy fat CLAY; little fine quartz sand in
matrix & laminations, medium plasticity, soft,
possibly OH, black 2.5Y-2.5/1 , (CH).
Poorly graded SAND; medium grading to fine
-24.9
15.3
quartz sand, trace inorganic clay in
occasional burrows, fine to coarse
sand -sized shells, loose, subangular, gray
2.5Y-5/1 , SP .
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-12

i
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10
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15
Page A-13
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-05
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -6.3
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -19.9
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
A�HENA%
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-05
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-05 i X = 2,295,017 Y = 44,947
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 10.8 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED i i
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 17:00 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -6.3 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 13.6 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 16.9 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-6.3
0.0
W
A
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in burrows, trace fine to coarse
sand -sized shells in matrix, occasional fine
gravel -sized shells, loose, subangular, olive
gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
Sample #S1, Depth = 4.5'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.22, Phi Sorting: 0.73
Shell: 10% Fines (#230) - 2.13
-11.7
5.4
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 13.6'
C1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.28, Phi Sorting: 0.97
Shell: 13% Carbonate: 9.5% Fines (#230) - 2.17
Poorly graded SAND; fine grading to medium
quartz sand, few fine to medium sand -sized
shells in matrix, occasional fine gravel -sized
shells, shell % increases with depth, loose,
Sample #S2, Depth = 9.1'
subangular, light olive gray (5Y-6/2) grades
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.42, Phi Sorting: 0.96
to, light brownish gray (2.5Y-6/2), (SP).
Shell: 18% Fines (#230) - 1.09
18.2
11.9
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-14

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-05
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,295,017 Y = 44,947
-6.3 Ft.
loJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
loth
-19.1
12.8
tine to coarse sand -sized shells, oose,
subangular, light olive gray (5Y-6/2), (SP).
continued
C 1
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
-19.91
13.6
•
inorganic clay in burrows, laminations & in
layer at top, trace fine to medium sand -sized
shells, loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2),
SP .
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-15

n
1
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10
13
14
15
Page A-16
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-06
Top Elev. (ft NGVD29): -11.3
Bottom Elev. (ft NGVD29): -26.1
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
<�a>
jaw HEI4A
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-06
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-06 i X = 2,294,323 Y = 44,771
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 11.4 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED
15. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 13:14 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -11 .3 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 14.8 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 17.8 Ft.
Graham Schertz
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-11.3
0.0
W
A
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, few fine sand to fine gravel -sized
shells in matrix, loose, subangular, light
-12.4
1.1
brownish gray (2.5Y-6/2), (SP).
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine to medium sand -sized shells in matrix,
occasional fine gravel -sized shells below
35, trace inorganic clay in occasional
burrows, loose, subangular, grayish brown
Sample #S1, Depth = 4.2'
(2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.26, Phi Sorting: 0.75
Shell: 3% Fines (#230) - 1.47
-17.3
6.0
C1
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 12.7'
(SP-SM), Mean (mm): 0.26, Phi Sorting: 1.04
Shell: 5% Carbonate: 10.2% Fines (#230) - 5.76
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in matrix, burrows & flaser
beds, trace fine to medium sand -sized shells
in matrix, notable mica, loose, subangular,
bioturbated, gray (2.5Y-5/1) and, very dark
Sample #S2, Depth = 8.5'
gray (2.5Y-3/1), (SP).
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.18, Phi Sorting: 0.69
Shell: 2% Fines (#230) - 0.92
-20.91
9.6
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, few fine sand to fine gravel sized
shells, trace inorganic clay in burrow at 10.0',
21.8
10.5
loose, suban ular, ra 2.5Y 5/1 SP .
Poorly graded SAND with clay; fine to
medium quartz sand, few inorganic clay in
-22.5
11.2
matrix & layers, trace fine to coarse
sand sized shells, loose, subangular, very
dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) and, gray (2.5Y 5/1),
(SP-SC).
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
-23.8
12.5
few fine sand to fine ravel -sized shells in
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-17

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-06
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,294,323 Y = 44,771
-11.3 Ft.
C
1%J
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
low
ma nx, trace inorganic silt/clay in matrix,
loose, subangular, dark gray (5Y-4/1 SP .
Poorly graded SAND with clay; fine to
-24.7
13.4
medium quartz sand, few inorganic clay in
matrix & layers, trace fine to coarse
sand -sized shells, loose, subangular, very
dark gray (5Y-3/1) and, dark gray (5Y-4/1),
-25.7
14.4
SP-SC .
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
-26.1
14.8
little fine sand to coarse gravel -sized shells in
layer between 13.9-14.4', trace inorganic clay
at 137, loose, subangular, dark gray
5Y-4/1grades to, gray (2.5Y-5/1), SP .
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace inorganic clay in occasional
burrows, trace fine to coarse sand -sized
shells, loose, subangular, gray (2.5Y-5/1),
SP.
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-18

1
5
L
10
13
14
15
Page A-19
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-07
Top Elev. (ft NGVD29): -12.7
Bottom Elev. (ft NGVD29): -27.0
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
A�HEN,�
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-07
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-07 i X = 2,295,127 Y = 44,142
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 11.5 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 12:45 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -12.7 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 14.3 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 16.2 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
1XJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-12.7
0.0
W
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine to coarse sand -sized shells in matrix,
loose, subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
14.8
2.1
Sample #S1, Depth = 2.4'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.18, Phi Sorting: 0.47
Shell: 2% Fines (#230) - 1.26
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 7.3'
C1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.18, Phi Sorting: 0.53
Shell: 4% Carbonate: 7.7% Fines (#230) - 2.45
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine sand -sized shells in matrix &
Sample #S2, Depth = 4.9'
laminations, trace inorganic clay in burrows &
laminations, clay -lined Callianassa major
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.16, Phi Sorting: 0.53
burrow trace at 3.0-3.3', notable mica, loose,
Shell: 3% Fines (#230) - 2.54
subangular, gray (5Y-5/1) grades to, dark
gray (5Y-4/1), (SP).
-20.6
7.9
Clayey SAND, very dark gray (2.5Y-3/1),
SC
-21.3
8.6
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine sand sized shells, notable mica, loose,
subangular, grayish brown 2.5Y-5/2 , SP .
Sandy fat CLAY; little fine quartz sand in
-22.2
9.5
matrix & layers, trace organic silt/material in
matrix, medium plasticity, soft, possibly OH,
-22.7
10.0
very dark gray (2.5Y-3/1),(CH).
Poorly graded AND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in occasional burrows, trace
-23.5
10.8
fine sand -sized shells, notable mica, loose,
subangular, grayish brown 2.5Y-5/2 , SP .
Clayey SAND; fine quartz sand, some
anic/organic clay in layersand
ations, trace organic silt in clay
Lninitervzls, trace fine sand -sized shells,
mica, loose/soft, dark olive gray
nd, grayish brown 2.5Y 5/2 , SC .
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-20

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-07
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,295,127 Y = 44,142
-12.7 Ft.
jXJ
Od
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
0.4
Fat CLAY with sand; few fine quartz sand in
matrix & laminations, organic material
present throughout, clay % increases with
depth, medium plasticity, soft, possibly OH,
black (2.5Y-2.5/1), (CH). (continued)
-27.0
14.3
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-21

5
r
f
K�t
4
-=
1..
5
C�
7
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-08
Top Elev. (ft NGVD29): -17.6
Bottom Elev. (ft NGVD29): -25.7
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
9
-
jaw H E IyA
-
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
10,
[phone]
Page A-22

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-08
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 1 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-08 X = 2,295,745 Y = 43,656
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 16.5 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
0 INCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 11:54 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -17.6 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 8.1 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 10.0 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
SCALE
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
%
REMARKS
(ft)
-17.6
(ft)
0.0
W
A
Depths and elevations based on measured values
REC.
Ga
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in burrows, trace fine to coarse
sand -sized shells in matrix, loose,
subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
-19.1
1.5
Sample #S1, Depth = 2.1'
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
little fine sand to coarse gravel -sized shells in
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.90, Phi Sorting: 1.28
matrix, loose,brown
20.2
2 6
.:
5Y-5/2),I(SP)rayish
Shell: 26% Fines (#230) - 0.77
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine sand to fine gravel -sized shells,
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 6.4'
trace inorganic clay in occasional
Cl
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.55, Phi Sorting: 1.25
-21.2
3.6
laminations, loose, subangular, grayish
brown 2.5Y-5/2 , (SP).
Shell: 15% Carbonate: 19.8% Fines (#230) - 1.60
Sample #S2, Depth = 4.3'
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.85, Phi Sorting: 0.91
Shell: 24% Fines (#230) - 0.22
Poorly graded SAND; medium to coarse
grading to medium quartz sand, few fine to
coarse sand -sized shells in matrix,
occasional fine gravel -sized shells, sand size
decreases slightly with depth, loose,
subangular, light olive brown (2.5Y-5/3)
grades to, grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
-25.7
8.1
End of Boring
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-23

1
11
2
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13
14
15
Page A-24
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-09
Top Elev. (ft NAVD88): -12.9
Bottom Elev. (ft NAVD88): -27.0
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
<�a>
A7HEN,&,,L
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
[phone]

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-09
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-09 i X = 2,294,677 Y = 43,797
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 11.4 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
0 INCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 11:31 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -12.9 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 14.1 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 16.0 Ft.
Graham Schertz
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-12.9
0.0
W
low
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
fine sand -sized shells in matrix (primarily
below 1.6'), trace inorganic clay in occasional
burrows below 1.9', notable mica, loose,
subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
-16.0
3.1
Sample #S1, Depth = 3.7'
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.17, Phi Sorting: 0.45
Shell: 4% Fines (#230) - 2.20
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic/organic clay in rip -ups, flaser beds,
burrows & laminations, trace fine sand -sized
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 11.1'
shells, gravel -sized shell at 5.4', loose,
C1
(SP-SM), Mean (mm): 0.16, Phi Sorting: 0.63
subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
•
Shell: 9% Carbonate: 8.5% Fines (#230) - 7.31
-20.1
7.2
S2
Sample #S2, Depth = 7.4'
(SP-SM), Mean (mm): 0.15, Phi Sorting: 0.46
Poorly graded SAND with clay; fine quartz
Shell: 2% Fines (#230) - 9.98
sand interbedded with inorganic/organic clay
layers, notable mica, loose, subangular, olive
gray (5Y-5/2) and, dark olive gray (5Y-3/2),
(SP-SC).
-21.9
9.0
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in occasional burrows &
laminations, trace fine to medium sand -sized
shells in matrix at base, sand size increases
at 10.8', loose, subangular, olive gray
(5Y-5/2), (SP).
-24.0
11.1
i
Clayey SAND; fine quartz sand interbedded
with inorganic/organic clay layers, loose/soft,
dark olive gray (5Y-3/2) and, olive gray
I
(5Y-5/2), (SC).
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ (Continued)
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-25

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-09
INSTALLATION
SHEET 2
DRILLING LOG (Cont. Sheet)
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 2 SHEETS
PROJECT
COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
LOCATION COORDINATES
ELEVATION TOP OF BORING
X = 2,294,677 Y = 43,797
-12.9 Ft.
jXJ
Od
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
w
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
J
mN
Clayey SAND; fine quartz sand interbedded
with inorganic/organic clay layers, loose/soft,
dark olive gray (5Y-3/2) and, olive gray
-26.6
13.7
5Y-5/2 , (SC). continued
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
-27.0
14.1
inorganic/organic clay in burrows, loose,
suban ular, olive gray (5Y-4/2), SP .
End of Boring
—15
—20
— 25
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-26

r
f
2
0
6�
5
C16
7
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation,
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Area Expansion,
Brunswick County,
North Carolina
J BS-22-10
Top Elev. (ft NGVD29): -17.7
Bottom Elev. (ft NGVD29): -26.4
Notes:
Photo Mosaic Image
Photo Scale in Feet
9
- A�HENI�
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
www.athenatechnologies.com
1 0 [phone]
Page A-27

Borinq Desiqnation JBS-22-10
DRILLING LOG
CLIENT
PROJECT OWNER
SHEET 1
Olsen Associates, Inc.
Village Of Bald Head Island
OF 1 SHEETS
1. PROJECT
9. SIZE AND TYPE OF BIT 3.0 In.
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
10. COORDINATE SYSTEM/DATUM HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Brunswick County, NC
NC State Plane NAD 1983 NGVD 29
2. BORING DESIGNATION LOCATION COORDINATES
11. MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION OF DRILL 0 AUTO HAMMER
JBS-22-10 X = 2,295,333 Y = 43,294
0 MANUAL HAMMER
3. DRILLING AGENCY CONTRACTOR FILE NO.
DISTURBED UNDISTURBED (UD)
Athena Technologies, Inc. ;
72. TOTAL SAMPLES
1 2
4. NAME OF DRILLER
13. TOTAL NUMBER CORE BOXES
P. McClellan
74. WATER DEPTH 16.6 Ft.
5. DIRECTION OF BORING i DEG. FROM i BEARING
'STARTED COMPLETED
® VERTICAL VERTICAL
OINCLINED
75. DATE BORING
1 07-11-22 10:45 07-11-22
6. THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN 0.0 Ft.
16. ELEVATION TOP OF BORING -17.7 Ft.
7. DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK 0.0 Ft.
17. TOTAL RECOVERY FOR BORING 8.7 Ft.
18. SIGNATURE AND TITLE OF INSPECTOR
8. TOTAL DEPTH OF BORING 10.3 Ft.
Adam Freeze
G
jXJ
OIL
ELEV.
(ft)
SCALE
(ft)
W
CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Depths and elevations based on measured values
%
REC.
Ga
REMARKS
-17.7
0.0
W
low
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine sand to fine gravelOsized shells,
occasional coarse gravel -sized shells, loose,
•
subangular, grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
-19.1
1.4
Poorly graded SAND; fine to medium quartz
sand, trace fine to coarse sand -sized shells
Sample #S1, Depth = 2.1'
in matrix & layers, loose, subangular, gray
S1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.26, Phi Sorting: 0.94
20.3
2.6
(2.5Y-5/1), (SP).
Shell: 7% Fines (#230) - 1.12
Poorly graded SAND; fine quartz sand, trace
inorganic clay in lenticular bedding at
Sample #C1, Depth = 0.0'- 6.3'
3.4-3.6', medium quartz sand & organic
C1
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.42, Phi Sorting: 1.44
material in layer at 3.8', notable mica, loose,
Shell: 12% Carbonate: 14.8% Fines (#230) - 1.61
21.6
3.9
subangular, gray (2.5Y-5/1) and, dark gray
2.5Y-4/1 , (SP).
Sample #S2, Depth = 4.2'
S2
(SP), Mean (mm): 0.40, Phi Sorting: 0.67
Shell: 8% Fines (#230) - 0.99
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
few fine sand to fine gravel -sized shells in
matrix, coarse gravel -sized shells below 5.9'
& in layer at base, clay rip -up at 5.4% loose,
subangular, grayish brown (2.5Y-5/2), (SP).
-24.2
6.5
Poorly graded SAND; medium quartz sand,
trace fine to coarse sand -sized shells,
occasional fine gravel -sized shells, inorganic
clay present in occasional burrows, loose,
subangular, olive gray (5Y-5/2), (SP).
25.7
g.p
graded SAND with clay; fine to
quartz sand, few inorganic clay in
-26.4
8.7
in layer at base, trace fine sand to
Efinegravel-sizedshells, loose, subangular,
ay (5Y-4/1) grades to, dark gray
5Y-4/1 , (SP-SC).
End of Boring
Rej
-5
-10
SAJ FORM 1836 MODIFIED FOR THE NC DEQ
JUN 02 AUGUST 21
Page A-28

APPENDIX B
Grain Size Distribution Data
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
AW H E I4,ok [phone]
TI-C H N 0 L 0 ,ff- INC:, www.athenatechnologies.com

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-01 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,023
Northing (ft):
45,629
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-8.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
157.72
Wash Weight (g):
154.84
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 1.82
#230 - 1.82
Organics (%:
Carbonates (% ):
6.9
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.30
0.19
0.30
99.81
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.15
0.10
0.45
99.71
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.21
0.13
0.66
99.58
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.36
0.23
1.02
99.35
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.57
0.36
1.59
98.99
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.47
0.93
3.06
98.06
#18
0.00
1.00
2.74
1.74
5.80
96.32
#25
0.50
0.71
4.22
2.68
10.02
93.64
#35
1.00
0.50
5.59
3.54
15.61
90.10
#45
1.50
0.35
8.63
5.47
24.24
84.63
#60
2.00
0.25
27.71
17.57
51.95
67.06
#80
2.50
0.18
51.61
32.72
103.56
34.34
#120
3.00
0.13
47.74
30.27
151.30
4.07
#170
3.50
0.09
3.40
2.16
154.70
1.91
#200
3.75
0.07
0.14
0.09
154.84
1.82
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
154.84
1.82
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.98
2.80
2.65
2.26
1.77
1.52
0.25
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.06
0.24
0.85
-1.96
8.28
Page B-1

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
0
(D
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
-1�11
IF
30
LL
70
20
80
O
Z
10
90
Z
0
ELL
co
Z
9 0
1
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse —F
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-01 #C1
-8.6
� SID �#230
#200 - 1.821
- 1.821
6.9 �
2.26
2.06
-1.96
8.28
0.85
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,023
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,629
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-2

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-01 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,023
Northing (ft):
45,629
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-13.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
154.52
Wash Weight (g):
152.22
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.49
#230 - 1.49
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
11
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.17
0.11
0.17
99.89
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.08
0.05
0.25
99.84
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
99.84
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.25
99.84
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.06
0.04
0.31
99.80
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.38
0.25
0.69
99.55
#18
0.00
1.00
1.11
0.72
1.80
98.83
#25
0.50
0.71
2.43
1.57
4.23
97.26
#35
1.00
0.50
4.28
2.77
8.51
94.49
#45
1.50
0.35
8.69
5.62
17.20
88.87
#60
2.00
0.25
27.78
17.98
44.98
70.89
#80
2.50
0.18
56.62
36.64
101.60
34.25
#120
3.00
0.13
47.64
30.83
149.24
3.42
#170
3.50
0.09
2.91
1.88
152.15
1.54
#200
3.75
0.07
0.07
0.05
152.22
1.49
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
152.22
1.49
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.97
2.80
2.65
2.29
1.89
1.64
0.91
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.17
0.22
0.66
-1.85
9.59
Page B-3

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
(n
50
50
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
FA-
W 30
LL
70
20
80
O
10
90
0
.....
.....
.....
U)
0
.....
....
.....
....
. .
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-01 #S1
-13.7
1 SID 1#230
#200 - 1.491
- 1.491
2.29
2.17
-1.85
9.59
0.66
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,023
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,629
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-4

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-01 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,023
Northing (ft):
45,629
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-18.9 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
147.63
Wash Weight (g):
145.80
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.25
#230 - 1.25
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.16
0.11
0.16
99.89
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.15
0.10
0.31
99.79
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.43
0.29
0.74
99.50
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.68
0.46
1.42
99.04
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.28
0.87
2.70
98.17
#18
0.00
1.00
2.14
1.45
4.84
96.72
#25
0.50
0.71
2.85
1.93
7.69
94.79
#35
1.00
0.50
3.79
2.57
11.48
92.22
#45
1.50
0.35
5.82
3.94
17.30
88.28
#60
2.00
0.25
25.04
16.96
42.34
71.32
#80
2.50
0.18
54.79
37.11
97.13
34.21
#120
3.00
0.13
45.16
30.59
142.29
3.62
#170
3.50
0.09
3.37
2.28
145.66
1.34
#200
3.75
0.07
0.14
0.09
145.80
1.25
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
145.80
1.25
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.98
2.80
2.65
2.29
1.89
1.63
0.45
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.12
0.23
0.79
-2.14
9.16
Page B-5

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
O
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60 as
U
a)
0 30
J
LL
70
n
c?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
—
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS 22-01 #S2
-18.9
SP
#200 - 1.2512.29
#230 - 1.25
2.12
-2.14
9.16
0.79
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,023
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,629
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVDzs
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-6

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-02 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,790
Northing (ft):
45,040
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-7.1 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
156.86
Wash Weight (g):
153.64
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.08
#230 - 2.05
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
9.3
Shells (%):
11
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.77
0.49
0.77
99.51
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.41
0.26
1.18
99.25
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
1.18
99.25
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.11
0.07
1.29
99.18
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.45
0.29
1.74
98.89
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.47
0.30
2.21
98.59
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.63
1.04
3.84
97.55
#18
0.00
1.00
4.41
2.81
8.25
94.74
#25
0.50
0.71
6.86
4.37
15.11
90.37
#35
1.00
0.50
8.40
5.36
23.51
85.01
#45
1.50
0.35
11.08
7.06
34.59
77.95
#60
2.00
0.25
25.52
16.27
60.11
61.68
#80
2.50
0.18
41.85
26.68
101.96
35.00
#120
3.00
0.13
45.45
28.97
147.41
6.03
#170
3.50
0.09
5.93
3.78
153.34
2.25
#200
3.75
0.07
0.26
0.17
153.60
2.08
#230
4.00
0.06
0.04
0.03
153.64
2.05
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.14
2.83
2.67
2.22
1.59
1.07
-0.05
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.94
0.26
1.01
-1.78
7.53
Page B-7

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
-0
m
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
O
°D
U
40
rn (a
O
60 a�
U
0 30
LL
70
a
�?
20
N
N
.:.:.:.:.:.:........
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0iiiiiiiiiiiiiiij
co
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
% Fines
% Organics
% Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS 22-02 #C1
-7.1
SP
#too-z.o8
#230 - 2.05
9,3
2.22
1.94
1.78
7.53
1.01
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,790
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,040
a jAWMIE�y�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
Vertical System:
NcvDzs
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-8

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-02 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,790
Northing (ft):
45,040
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-12.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
138.26
Wash Weight (g):
136.39
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.34
#230 - 1.34
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.05
0.04
0.05
99.96
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.05
99.96
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
99.96
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.05
0.04
0.10
99.92
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.11
0.08
0.21
99.84
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.60
0.43
0.81
99.41
#18
0.00
1.00
1.60
1.16
2.41
98.25
#25
0.50
0.71
2.62
1.89
5.03
96.36
#35
1.00
0.50
3.59
2.60
8.62
93.76
#45
1.50
0.35
5.65
4.09
14.27
89.67
#60
2.00
0.25
23.31
16.86
37.58
72.81
#80
2.50
0.18
52.83
38.21
90.41
34.60
#120
3.00
0.13
44.21
31.98
134.62
2.62
#170
3.50
0.09
1.77
1.28
136.39
1.34
#200
3.75
0.07
0.00
0.00
136.39
1.34
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
136.39
1.34
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.96
2.79
2.65
2.30
1.94
1.67
0.76
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.17
0.22
0.67
-1.86
8.02
Page B-9

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170200230 Hydrometer
100
k
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 In
Q CU
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
0 30
U-
70
I
n
20
--- ----
80
O
Z
10
90
0
U)
9 Z 0
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
%Fines
%Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-02 #S1
-12.7
� SID �#230
#200 - 1.341
- 1.341
2.3
2.17
-1.86
8.02
0.67
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,790
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,040
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-10

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-02 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,790
Northing (ft):
45,040
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-18.3 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
158.51
Wash Weight (g):
152.56
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines / ):
#20�-3.84
#230 - 3.76
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
3
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.03
0.02
0.03
99.98
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.05
0.03
0.08
99.95
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.07
0.04
0.15
99.91
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.32
0.20
0.47
99.71
#18
0.00
1.00
0.78
0.49
1.25
99.22
#25
0.50
0.71
1.22
0.77
2.47
98.45
#35
1.00
0.50
1.44
0.91
3.91
97.54
#45
1.50
0.35
2.84
1.79
6.75
95.75
#60
2.00
0.25
19.19
12.11
25.94
83.64
#80
2.50
0.18
58.50
36.91
84.44
46.73
#120
3.00
0.13
59.08
37.27
143.52
9.46
#170
3.50
0.09
8.43
5.32
151.95
4.14
#200
3.75
0.07
0.48
0.30
152.43
3.84
#230
4.00
0.06
0.13
0.08
152.56
3.76
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.42
2.91
2.79
2.46
2.12
1.99
1.53
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.37
0.19
0.56
-1.83
10.32
Page B-11

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
-0
m
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
O
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
J
LL
70
�?
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
z
0
T90
a 0
—
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
f
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-02 #S2
-18.3
SP
#200 - 3.8412.46
#230 - 3.76
2.37
-1.83
10.32
0.56
Pf O eCt Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,790
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
45,040
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-12

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-03 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,296,510
Northing (ft):
44,548
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-14.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
160.48
Wash Weight (g):
157.20
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 2.14
#230 - 2.05
Organics (%:
Carbonates (% ):
6.0
Shells (%):
2
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.13
0.08
0.13
99.92
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.06
0.04
0.19
99.88
#18
0.00
1.00
0.15
0.09
0.34
99.79
#25
0.50
0.71
0.15
0.09
0.49
99.70
#35
1.00
0.50
0.22
0.14
0.71
99.56
#45
1.50
0.35
0.54
0.34
1.25
99.22
#60
2.00
0.25
3.82
2.38
5.07
96.84
#80
2.50
0.18
41.02
25.56
46.09
71.28
#120
3.00
0.13
94.47
58.87
140.56
12.41
#170
3.50
0.09
15.70
9.78
156.26
2.63
#200
3.75
0.07
0.79
0.49
157.05
2.14
#230
4.00
0.06
0.15
0.09
157.20
2.05
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.38
2.97
2.89
2.68
2.43
2.25
2.04
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.63
0.16
0.39
-1.99
17.7
Page B-13

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
(n
50
50
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
0 30
LL
70
20
80
O
10
0
0
U)
0
LL
....
.....
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
o Sample
Symbol
�Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-03 #C1
-14.6
Sp
�
11
42200 30-2.05- 2-1411
6.0
2.68
2.63
-1.99
17.7
0.39
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,296,510
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,548
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical
NGVD29
Page B-14

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-03 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,296,510
Northing (ft):
44,548
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-17.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
142.81
Wash Weight (g):
140.06
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.94
#230 - 1.91
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
1 6
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.13
0.09
0.13
99.91
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.08
0.06
0.21
99.85
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.04
0.03
0.25
99.82
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.10
0.07
0.35
99.75
#18
0.00
1.00
0.17
0.12
0.52
99.63
#25
0.50
0.71
0.26
0.18
0.78
99.45
#35
1.00
0.50
0.44
0.31
1.22
99.14
#45
1.50
0.35
0.81
0.57
2.03
98.57
#60
2.00
0.25
6.29
4.40
8.32
94.17
#80
2.50
0.18
60.46
42.34
68.78
51.83
#120
3.00
0.13
64.51
45.17
133.29
6.66
#170
3.50
0.09
6.38
4.47
139.67
2.19
#200
3.75
0.07
0.35
0.25
140.02
1.94
#230
4.00
0.06
0.04
0.03
140.06
1.91
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.19
2.90
2.80
2.52
2.23
2.12
1.91
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.48
0.18
0.43
-2.85
25.95
Page B-15

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
O
°D
U
m
60
40
rn (a
O
a�
U
0 30
J
LL
70
n
�?
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
-----
--
90
z
0
U
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS 22-03 #S1
17.7
Sp
#230 - 1.91
#230 - 1.91
2.52
2.48
-2.85
25.95
0.43
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,296,510
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,548
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-16

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-03 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,296,510
Northing (ft):
44,548
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-20.9 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
149.24
Wash Weight (g):
145.66
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.49
#230 - 2.41
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
1 6
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#18
0.00
1.00
0.05
0.03
0.05
99.97
#25
0.50
0.71
0.05
0.03
0.10
99.94
#35
1.00
0.50
0.21
0.14
0.31
99.80
#45
1.50
0.35
0.70
0.47
1.01
99.33
#60
2.00
0.25
4.54
3.04
5.55
96.29
#80
2.50
0.18
36.67
24.57
42.22
71.72
#120
3.00
0.13
87.38
58.55
129.60
13.17
#170
3.50
0.09
15.16
10.16
144.76
3.01
#200
3.75
0.07
0.78
0.52
145.54
2.49
#230
4.00
0.06
0.12
0.08
145.66
2.41
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.40
2.98
2.90
2.69
2.43
2.25
2.03
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.64
0.16
0.37
-0.83
6.51
Page B-17

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 In
Q CU
CZ
0
0 *
C:
q(D 40
U) (a
(o
0
60
30
LL
70
20
O
80
Z 10
90
Z
0
U)
Z
0
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-03 #S2
-20.9
1 SID 1#230
#200 - 2.491
- 2.411
2.69
2.64
-0.83
6.51
0.37
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,296,510
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,548
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-18

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-04 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,449
Northing (ft):
44,599
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-9.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
162.97
Wash Weight (g):
158.27
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 3.01
#230 - 2.88
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
7.5
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.03
0.02
0.03
99.98
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.42
0.26
0.45
99.72
#18
0.00
1.00
0.88
0.54
1.33
99.18
#25
0.50
0.71
1.64
1.01
2.97
98.17
#35
1.00
0.50
2.37
1.45
5.34
96.72
#45
1.50
0.35
3.73
2.29
9.07
94.43
#60
2.00
0.25
18.32
11.24
27.39
83.19
#80
2.50
0.18
49.18
30.18
76.57
53.01
#120
3.00
0.13
64.81
39.77
141.38
13.24
#170
3.50
0.09
15.33
9.41
156.71
3.83
#200
3.75
0.07
1.34
0.82
158.05
3.01
#230
4.00
0.06
0.22
0.13
158.27
2.88
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.44
2.97
2.85
2.54
2.14
1.96
1.38
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.42
0.19
0.62
-1.53
7.45
Page B-19

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
U
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60 as
U
a)
0 30
J
LL
70
a
c?
20
O
80
N
z
10
90
z
0
U)
a 0
—
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-04 #C1
-9.6
SID
#200 - 3.01
#230 - 2.88
7.5
2.54
2.42
-1.53
7.45
0.62
Project Name:
t
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,449
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,599
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-20

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-04 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,449
Northing (ft):
44,599
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-14.4 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
149.60
Wash Weight (g):
146.75
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 1.99
#230 - 1.93
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
1
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.05
0.03
0.05
99.97
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.05
99.97
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.09
0.06
0.14
99.91
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.17
0.11
0.31
99.80
#18
0.00
1.00
0.32
0.21
0.63
99.59
#25
0.50
0.71
0.30
0.20
0.93
99.39
#35
1.00
0.50
0.69
0.46
1.62
98.93
#45
1.50
0.35
1.67
1.12
3.29
97.81
#60
2.00
0.25
17.75
11.86
21.04
85.95
#80
2.50
0.18
60.44
40.40
81.48
45.55
#120
3.00
0.13
58.02
38.78
139.50
6.77
#170
3.50
0.09
6.72
4.49
146.22
2.28
#200
3.75
0.07
0.44
0.29
146.66
1.99
#230
4.00
0.06
0.09
0.06
146.75
1.93
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.20
2.88
2.76
2.44
2.14
2.02
1.62
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.4
0.19
0.48
-1.67
12.33
Page B-21

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
O
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
J
LL
—
70
�?
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-04 #S1
-14.4
SP
#200 -1.ss
#230-1.93
2.44
2.4
-1.67
12.33
0.48
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,449
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,599
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
v
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-22

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-04 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,449
Northing (ft):
44,599
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-19.2 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP-SM
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
155.83
Wash Weight (g):
144.90
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 7.07
#230 - 7.01
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
1
Shells (%):
0
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.08
0.05
0.08
99.95
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.04
0.03
0.12
99.92
#18
0.00
1.00
0.14
0.09
0.26
99.83
#25
0.50
0.71
0.23
0.15
0.49
99.68
#35
1.00
0.50
0.39
0.25
0.88
99.43
#45
1.50
0.35
0.92
0.59
1.80
98.84
#60
2.00
0.25
4.66
2.99
6.46
95.85
#80
2.50
0.18
38.93
24.98
45.39
70.87
#120
3.00
0.13
85.84
55.09
131.23
15.78
#170
3.50
0.09
12.90
8.28
144.13
7.50
#200
3.75
0.07
0.67
0.43
144.80
7.07
#230
4.00
0.06
0.10
0.06
144.90
7.01
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.00
2.92
2.69
2.42
2.24
2.02
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.61
0.16
0.4
-1.84
14.1
Page B-23

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
(n
50
50
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
30
U-
70
n
20
80
10
90
0
............
............... ........
............... ........
...
...
co
0
............... ........
............... ........
...............
.. ........
...
...
...
JLL
100
X 100
LU
—
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
T
Co
JBS-22-04 #S2
-19.2
I Sp_SM 111200
- 7.071
4230-7.011
2.69
2.61
-1.84
14.1
0.4
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,449
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,599
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-24

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-05 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,017
Northing (ft):
44,947
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-6.3 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
153.69
Wash Weight (g):
150.35
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 2.17
#230 - 2.17
Organics (%:
Carbonates (% ):
9.5
Shells (%):
13
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
1.02
0.66
1.02
99.34
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
1.02
99.34
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
1.02
99.34
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.15
0.10
1.17
99.24
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.15
0.10
1.32
99.14
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.35
0.23
1.67
98.91
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.31
0.85
2.98
98.06
#18
0.00
1.00
3.74
2.43
6.72
95.63
#25
0.50
0.71
7.71
5.02
14.43
90.61
#35
1.00
0.50
12.41
8.07
26.84
82.54
#45
1.50
0.35
14.67
9.55
41.51
72.99
#60
2.00
0.25
28.35
18.45
69.86
54.54
#80
2.50
0.18
40.10
26.09
109.96
28.45
#120
3.00
0.13
37.17
24.19
147.13
4.26
#170
3.50
0.09
3.08
2.00
150.21
2.26
#200
3.75
0.07
0.14
0.09
150.35
2.17
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
150.35
2.17
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.98
2.76
2.57
2.09
1.39
0.91
0.06
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.84
0.28
0.97
-1.62
7.47
Page B-25

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M 07
CZ
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
J
LL
70
'a
�?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0
\
U)
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-05 #C1
-6.3
SID
#200 - 2.1719.5
#230 - 2.17
2.09
1.84
-1.62
7.47
0.97
Project Name:
t
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,017
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,947
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
v
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-26

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-05 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,017
Northing (ft):
44,947
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-10.8 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
146.33
Wash Weight (g):
143.23
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.13
#230 - 2.13
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
10
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.08
0.05
0.08
99.95
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.08
99.95
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
99.95
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.26
0.18
0.34
99.77
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.21
0.14
0.55
99.63
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.79
0.54
1.34
99.09
#18
0.00
1.00
1.71
1.17
3.05
97.92
#25
0.50
0.71
3.03
2.07
6.08
95.85
#35
1.00
0.50
3.38
2.31
9.46
93.54
#45
1.50
0.35
5.94
4.06
15.40
89.48
#60
2.00
0.25
25.70
17.56
41.10
71.92
#80
2.50
0.18
47.67
32.58
88.77
39.34
#120
3.00
0.13
48.82
33.36
137.59
5.98
#170
3.50
0.09
5.45
3.72
143.04
2.26
#200
3.75
0.07
0.19
0.13
143.23
2.13
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
143.23
2.13
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.13
2.85
2.71
2.34
1.91
1.66
0.68
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.19
0.22
0.73
-1.85
8.28
Page B-27

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
30
LL
7
0
I
20
80
O
Z
10
-------
90
Z
0
co
0
...
.. ...
100
.....
.....
............
...
X 100
LU
-2
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
o Sample
Symbol
�Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
%Fines
%Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-05 #S1
-10.8
Sp
�
11
42200 3- 2-131 0-2.131
2.34
2.19
-1.85
8.28
0.73
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,017
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,947
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical
NGVD29
Page B-28

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-05 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,017
Northing (ft):
44,947
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-15.4 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
158.41
Wash Weight (g):
156.68
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.09
#230 - 1.09
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
18
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.02
0.01
0.02
99.99
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.16
0.10
0.18
99.89
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.41
0.26
0.59
99.63
#14
-0.50
1.41
3.12
1.97
3.71
97.66
#18
0.00
1.00
11.15
7.04
14.86
90.62
#25
0.50
0.71
24.68
15.58
39.54
75.04
#35
1.00
0.50
28.70
18.12
68.24
56.92
#45
1.50
0.35
22.23
14.03
90.47
42.89
#60
2.00
0.25
25.55
16.13
116.02
26.76
#80
2.50
0.18
23.49
14.83
139.51
11.93
#120
3.00
0.13
16.20
10.23
155.71
1.70
#170
3.50
0.09
0.91
0.57
156.62
1.13
#200
3.75
0.07
0.06
0.04
156.68
1.09
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
156.68
1.09
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.84
2.36
2.06
1.25
0.50
0.21
-0.31
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.24
0.42
0.96
-0.07
2.18
Page B-29

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
CD
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
0
*
(D
. 40
U) (a
(o
0
60
W 30
LL
70
20
80
O
Z 10
go
0
Z
0
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-05 #S2
-15.4
� SID �#230
#200 - 1.091
- 1.091
1.25
1.24
-0.07
2.18
0.96
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,017
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,947
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-30

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-06 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,323
Northing (ft):
44,771
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-11.3 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP-SM
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
137.77
Wash Weight (g):
129.82
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 5.89
#230 - 5.76
Organics (%):
Carbonates (%):
10.2
Shells
5
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.51
0.37
0.51
99.63
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.17
0.12
0.68
99.51
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.09
0.07
0.77
99.44
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.09
0.07
0.86
99.37
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.46
0.33
1.32
99.04
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.60
0.44
1.92
98.60
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.26
0.91
3.18
97.69
#18
0.00
1.00
3.63
2.63
6.81
95.06
#25
0.50
0.71
7.04
5.11
13.85
89.95
#35
1.00
0.50
8.37
6.08
22.22
83.87
#45
1.50
0.35
9.45
6.86
31.67
77.01
#60
2.00
0.25
18.65
13.54
50.32
63.47
#80
2.50
0.18
29.60
21.49
79.92
41.98
#120
3.00
0.13
41.85
30.38
121.77
11.60
#170
3.50
0.09
7.29
5.29
129.06
6.31
#200
3.75
0.07
0.58
0.42
129.64
5.89
#230
4.00
0.06
0.18
0.13
129.82
5.76
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.93
2.78
2.31
1.57
0.99
0.01
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.96
0.26
1.04
-1.52
6.12
Page B-31

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
�J
80
20
70
30
-0
m
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
U
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
J
LL
70
n
�?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
--------
90
z
0
Z
a p
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS 22-06 #C1
11.3
SP-SM
#230 - 5.76
#230 - 5.76
10.2
2.31
1.96
-1.52
6.12
1.04
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,323
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,771
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-32

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-06 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,323
Northing (ft):
44,771
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-15.5 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
154.81
Wash Weight (g):
152.51
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.50
#230 - 1.47
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
3
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.05
0.03
0.05
99.97
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.07
0.05
0.12
99.92
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.32
0.21
0.44
99.71
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.24
0.16
0.68
99.55
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.80
0.52
1.48
99.03
#18
0.00
1.00
1.91
1.23
3.39
97.80
#25
0.50
0.71
4.17
2.69
7.56
95.11
#35
1.00
0.50
7.48
4.83
15.04
90.28
#45
1.50
0.35
14.22
9.19
29.26
81.09
#60
2.00
0.25
41.11
26.56
70.37
54.53
#80
2.50
0.18
46.08
29.77
116.45
24.76
#120
3.00
0.13
32.48
20.98
148.93
3.78
#170
3.50
0.09
3.39
2.19
152.32
1.59
#200
3.75
0.07
0.14
0.09
152.46
1.50
#230
4.00
0.06
0.05
0.03
152.51
1.47
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.97
2.71
2.50
2.08
1.61
1.34
0.51
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.96
0.26
0.75
-1.28
5.92
Page B-33

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(0
0
60
30
LL
70
20
O....
......
80
.....
..
10
90
0
LL
U)
as 0
. .. ...
....
...
........
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
o Sample
Symbol
�Elev. (ft)�
USCS
% Fines
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-06 #S1
•
-15.5
� SID
#200 - 1.501
#230 - 1.471
2.08
1.96
-1.28
5.92
0.75
Pro ect Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,323
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,771
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical
NGVD29
Page B-34

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-06 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,323
Northing (ft):
44,771
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-19.8 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
145.80
Wash Weight (g):
144.46
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 1.03
#230 - 0.92
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
2
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.22
0.15
0.22
99.85
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.22
99.85
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.22
99.85
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.35
0.24
0.57
99.61
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.25
0.17
0.82
99.44
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.60
0.41
1.42
99.03
#18
0.00
1.00
1.03
0.71
2.45
98.32
#25
0.50
0.71
1.78
1.22
4.23
97.10
#35
1.00
0.50
2.39
1.64
6.62
95.46
#45
1.50
0.35
2.68
1.84
9.30
93.62
#60
2.00
0.25
7.51
5.15
16.81
88.47
#80
2.50
0.18
30.72
21.07
47.53
67.40
#120
3.00
0.13
86.45
59.29
133.98
8.11
#170
3.50
0.09
9.66
6.63
143.64
1.48
#200
3.75
0.07
0.66
0.45
144.30
1.03
#230
4.00
0.06
0.16
0.11
144.46
0.92
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.23
2.93
2.86
2.65
2.32
2.11
1.13
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.48
0.18
0.69
-3.05
16.12
Page B-35

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
(n
50
50
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60 a)
30
U-
70
n
20
80
O
10
90
0
co
9 Z 0—
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse —F
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-06 #S2
-19.8
1 SID 1#230
#200 - 1.031
- 0.921
2.65
2.48
-3.05
16.12
0.69
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,323
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,771
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-36

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-07 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,127
Northing (ft):
44,142
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-12.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-5/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
138.38
Wash Weight (g):
134.98
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.51
#230 - 2.45
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
7.7
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.06
0.04
0.06
99.96
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.21
0.15
0.27
99.81
#18
0.00
1.00
0.36
0.26
0.63
99.55
#25
0.50
0.71
0.61
0.44
1.24
99.11
#35
1.00
0.50
0.94
0.68
2.18
98.43
#45
1.50
0.35
2.10
1.52
4.28
96.91
#60
2.00
0.25
15.70
11.35
19.98
85.56
#80
2.50
0.18
39.59
28.61
59.57
56.95
#120
3.00
0.13
61.85
44.70
121.42
12.25
#170
3.50
0.09
12.63
9.13
134.05
3.12
#200
3.75
0.07
0.85
0.61
134.90
2.51
#230
4.00
0.06
0.08
0.06
134.98
2.45
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.40
2.96
2.86
2.58
2.18
2.03
1.58
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.48
0.18
0.53
-1.5
8.52
Page B-37

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
(n
50
50
0
(D.
60
40
U) (a
(o
0
W 30
LL
70
-
20
80
O
10
---------
90
0
U)
0
100
X 100
LU
---
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-07 #C1
-12.7
� SID �#230
#200 - 2.511
- 2.451
7.7 �
2.58
2.48
-1.5
8.52
0.53
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,127
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,142
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-38

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-07 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,127
Northing (ft):
44,142
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-15.1 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
137.32
Wash Weight (g):
135.59
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 1.30
#230 - 1.26
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
2
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.07
0.05
0.07
99.95
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.12
0.09
0.19
99.86
#18
0.00
1.00
0.23
0.17
0.42
99.69
#25
0.50
0.71
0.37
0.27
0.79
99.42
#35
1.00
0.50
0.55
0.40
1.34
99.02
#45
1.50
0.35
1.36
0.99
2.70
98.03
#60
2.00
0.25
14.33
10.44
17.03
87.59
#80
2.50
0.18
49.11
35.76
66.14
51.83
#120
3.00
0.13
59.96
43.66
126.10
8.17
#170
3.50
0.09
9.05
6.59
135.15
1.58
#200
3.75
0.07
0.38
0.28
135.53
1.30
#230
4.00
0.06
0.06
0.04
135.59
1.26
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.24
2.91
2.81
2.52
2.18
2.05
1.65
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.46
0.18
0.47
-1.42
9.55
Page B-39

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M O7
CZ
O
°D
U
m
60
40
rn (a
O
a�
U
0 30
J
LL
70
(�
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
90
z
0
U)
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-07 #S1
-15.1
SP
#200 -1.30
#230 - 1.26
2.52
2.46
-1.42
9.55
0.47
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
O
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,127
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
44,142
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-40

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-07 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,127
Northing (ft):
44,142
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-17.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-4/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
122.30
Wash Weight (g):
119.20
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.71
#230 - 2.54
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
3
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.04
0.03
0.04
99.97
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.06
0.05
0.10
99.92
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.04
0.03
0.14
99.89
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.10
0.08
0.24
99.81
#18
0.00
1.00
0.17
0.14
0.41
99.67
#25
0.50
0.71
0.37
0.30
0.78
99.37
#35
1.00
0.50
0.62
0.51
1.40
98.86
#45
1.50
0.35
1.52
1.24
2.92
97.62
#60
2.00
0.25
10.11
8.27
13.03
89.35
#80
2.50
0.18
25.22
20.62
38.25
68.73
#120
3.00
0.13
60.78
49.70
99.03
19.03
#170
3.50
0.09
18.47
15.10
117.50
3.93
#200
3.75
0.07
1.49
1.22
118.99
2.71
#230
4.00
0.06
0.21
0.17
119.20
2.54
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.46
3.10
2.94
2.69
2.35
2.13
1.66
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.6
0.16
0.53
-1.78
11.53
Page B-41

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M O7
CZ
O
°D
U
m
60
40
rn (a
O
a�
U
w
0 30
J
LL
70
'a
�?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
11
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
Silt and Clay
Page B-42

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-08 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,745
Northing (ft):
43,656
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-17.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/3
Comments:
I Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
147.23
Wash Weight (g):
144.87
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 1.63
#230 - 1.60
Organics (%):
Carbonates (%):
19.8
Shells (%):
15
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
1.19
0.81
1.19
99.19
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.79
0.54
1.98
98.65
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.44
0.30
2.42
98.35
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.82
0.56
3.24
97.79
#7
-1.50
2.83
1.30
0.88
4.54
96.91
#10
-1.00
2.00
2.56
1.74
7.10
95.17
#14
-0.50
1.41
7.26
4.93
14.36
90.24
#18
0.00
1.00
17.38
11.80
31.74
78.44
#25
0.50
0.71
30.02
20.39
61.76
58.05
#35
1.00
0.50
26.99
18.33
88.75
39.72
#45
1.50
0.35
10.26
6.97
99.01
32.75
#60
2.00
0.25
11.07
7.52
110.08
25.23
#80
2.50
0.18
17.40
11.82
127.48
13.41
#120
3.00
0.13
14.93
10.14
142.41
3.27
#170
3.50
0.09
2.27
1.54
144.68
1.73
#200
3.75
0.07
0.14
0.10
144.82
1.63
#230
4.00
0.06
0.05
0.03
144.87
1.60
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.91
2.39
2.01
0.72
0.08
-0.24
-0.98
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
0.86
0.55
1.25
-0.25
3.19
Page B-43

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
0
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
2
30
U-
70
I
n
20
80
O
F7.-.
10
90
0
U)
9 0
—
:::4-11—
—
—
11
L
100
X 100
LU
---
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
o Sample
Symbol
�Elev. (ft)�
USCS
% Fines
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-08 #C1
-17.6
Sp
411200 230-1.60- 1-631
1
19.8
0.72
0.86
-0.25
3.19
1.25
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,745
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,656
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical
NGVD29
Page B-44

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-08 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,745
Northing (ft):
43,656
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-19.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/3
Comments:
I Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
156.57
Wash Weight (g):
155.39
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 0.80
#230 - 0.77
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
26
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
1.39
0.89
1.39
99.11
5/16
-3.00
8.00
4.66
2.98
6.05
96.13
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
2.53
1.62
8.58
94.51
#4
-2.25
4.76
1.73
1.10
10.31
93.41
#5
-2.00
4.00
1.87
1.19
12.18
92.22
#7
-1.50
2.83
4.37
2.79
16.55
89.43
#10
-1.00
2.00
5.67
3.62
22.22
85.81
#14
-0.50
1.41
12.51
7.99
34.73
77.82
#18
0.00
1.00
22.61
14.44
57.34
63.38
#25
0.50
0.71
31.93
20.39
89.27
42.99
#35
1.00
0.50
29.94
19.12
119.21
23.87
#45
1.50
0.35
20.07
12.82
139.28
11.05
#60
2.00
0.25
10.09
6.44
149.37
4.61
#80
2.50
0.18
3.21
2.05
152.58
2.56
#120
3.00
0.13
2.26
1.44
154.84
1.12
#170
3.50
0.09
0.42
0.27
155.26
0.85
#200
3.75
0.07
0.08
0.05
155.34
0.80
#230
4.00
0.06
0.05
0.03
155.39
0.77
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
1.97
1.31
0.97
0.33
-0.40
-0.89
-2.65
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
0.15
0.90
1.28
-0.83
3.99
Page B-45

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
0
°D
m
40
rn (a
O
60 a�
U
0 30
J
LL
70
(L
�?
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
Gravel
Sand
Page B-46

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-08 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,745
Northing (ft):
43,656
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-21.9 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
151.03
Wash Weight (g):
150.65
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 0.22
#230 - 0.22
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
24
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
1.03
0.68
1.03
99.32
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.34
0.23
1.37
99.09
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.16
0.11
1.53
98.98
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.89
0.59
2.42
98.39
#7
-1.50
2.83
2.43
1.61
4.85
96.78
#10
-1.00
2.00
4.89
3.24
9.74
93.54
#14
-0.50
1.41
15.52
10.28
25.26
83.26
#18
0.00
1.00
34.43
22.80
59.69
60.46
#25
0.50
0.71
38.86
25.73
98.55
34.73
#35
1.00
0.50
25.12
16.63
123.67
18.10
#45
1.50
0.35
14.71
9.74
138.38
8.36
#60
2.00
0.25
8.33
5.52
146.71
2.84
#80
2.50
0.18
2.75
1.82
149.46
1.02
#120
3.00
0.13
0.96
0.64
150.42
0.38
#170
3.50
0.09
0.19
0.13
150.61
0.25
#200
3.75
0.07
0.04
0.03
150.65
0.22
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
150.65
0.22
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
1.80
1.11
0.79
0.20
-0.32
-0.54
-1.23
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
0.23
0.85
0.91
-0.22
4.37
Page B-47

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
LL
70
'a
�?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
—
—
100
r
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
w 100
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-08 #S2
-21.9
SID
#200 - 0.2210.2
#230 - 0.22
0.23
-0.22
4.37
0.91
Project Name:
t
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,745
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,656
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
01
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-48

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-09 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,677
Northing (ft):
43,797
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-12.9 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP-SM
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
144.05
Wash Weight (g):
133.54
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 7.53
#230 - 7.31
Organics (%:
Carbonates (% ):
1 8.5
Shells (%):
9
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.06
0.04
0.06
99.96
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.05
0.03
0.11
99.93
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.22
0.15
0.33
99.78
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.18
0.12
0.51
99.66
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.52
0.36
1.03
99.30
#18
0.00
1.00
0.89
0.62
1.92
98.68
#25
0.50
0.71
1.27
0.88
3.19
97.80
#35
1.00
0.50
1.05
0.73
4.24
97.07
#45
1.50
0.35
1.07
0.74
5.31
96.33
#60
2.00
0.25
4.13
2.87
9.44
93.46
#80
2.50
0.18
22.12
15.36
31.56
78.10
#120
3.00
0.13
79.30
55.05
110.86
23.05
#170
3.50
0.09
20.88
14.49
131.74
8.56
#200
3.75
0.07
1.49
1.03
133.23
7.53
#230
4.00
0.06
0.31
0.22
133.54
7.31
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.24
2.98
2.76
2.53
2.31
1.73
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.62
0.16
0.63
-3.15
17.73
Page B-49

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
M W
50
CZ
U
°D
U
m40
60
(a
O
a)rn
U
a)
w
0 30
J
LL
70
(�
20
N
O
80
.N..
z
10
90
z
0
U)�LLa 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-09 #C1
-12.9
SP-SM
#200 - 7.53
4230 - 7.31
8.5
2.76
2.62
-3.15
17.73
0.63
PfO eCt Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,677
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,797
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-50

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-09 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,677
Northing (ft):
43,797
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-16.6 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
150.19
Wash Weight (g):
146.91
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 2.23
#230 - 2.20
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
4
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.08
0.05
0.08
99.95
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.08
0.05
0.16
99.90
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.05
0.03
0.21
99.87
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.17
0.11
0.38
99.76
#18
0.00
1.00
0.26
0.17
0.64
99.59
#25
0.50
0.71
0.49
0.33
1.13
99.26
#35
1.00
0.50
0.63
0.42
1.76
98.84
#45
1.50
0.35
1.20
0.80
2.96
98.04
#60
2.00
0.25
4.61
3.07
7.57
94.97
#80
2.50
0.18
35.00
23.30
42.57
71.67
#120
3.00
0.13
93.63
62.34
136.20
9.33
#170
3.50
0.09
10.29
6.85
146.49
2.48
#200
3.75
0.07
0.37
0.25
146.86
2.23
#230
4.00
0.06
0.05
0.03
146.91
2.20
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.32
2.95
2.87
2.67
2.43
2.24
2.00
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.59
0.17
0.45
-3.27
24.8
Page B-51

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N m
N
50
M W
50
CZ
0
°D
q
60
40
rn (a
O
aC:
U
0 30
J
LL
70
a-
�?
20
N
N
------
80
O
N
z
10
-----
-----
90
z
0
U)
a 0
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS 22-09 #S1
16.6
SP
#200 - 2.2312.67
#230 - 2.20
2.59
-3.27
24.8
0.45
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,677
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,797
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-52

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-09 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,294,677
Northing (ft):
43,797
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-20.3 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP-SM
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-5/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
129.75
Wash Weight (g):
116.79
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines (%):
200 - 10.1
#230 - 9.98
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
1
Shells (%):
2
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.14
0.11
0.14
99.89
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.27
0.21
0.41
99.68
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.19
0.15
0.60
99.53
#18
0.00
1.00
0.18
0.14
0.78
99.39
#25
0.50
0.71
0.14
0.11
0.92
99.28
#35
1.00
0.50
0.20
0.15
1.12
99.13
#45
1.50
0.35
0.40
0.31
1.52
98.82
#60
2.00
0.25
2.01
1.55
3.53
97.27
#80
2.50
0.18
14.53
11.20
18.06
86.07
#120
3.00
0.13
79.98
61.64
98.04
24.43
#170
3.50
0.09
17.67
13.62
115.71
10.81
#200
3.75
0.07
0.90
0.69
116.61
10.12
#230
4.00
0.06
0.18
0.14
116.79
9.98
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
3.31
3.00
2.79
2.59
2.52
2.10
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
2.72
0.15
0.46
-4.14
34.74
Page B-53

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
�
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N m
N
50
M W
50
CZ
O
°D
U
m
60
40
(n (a
O
a�
2
0 30
J
LL
70
a
�?
20
N
N
80
O
N
z
10
90
0
0
U)
a 0
1
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
JBS-22-09 #S2
-20.3
SP-SM
# 30 - 9 98
2.79
2.72
4.14
34.74
0.46
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,294,677
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,797
a AWMIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-54

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-10 #C1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,333
Northing (ft):
43,294
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-17.7 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-6/2
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
143.30
Wash Weight (g):
140.99
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 /o):- 1.64
#230 - 1.61
Organics (%):
Carbonates (%):
14.8
Shells (%):
12
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
2.43
1.70
2.43
98.30
5/16
-3.00
8.00
2.69
1.88
5.12
96.42
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.35
0.24
5.47
96.18
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.27
0.19
5.74
95.99
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.46
0.32
6.20
95.67
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.61
0.43
6.81
95.24
#10
-1.00
2.00
1.55
1.08
8.36
94.16
#14
-0.50
1.41
3.13
2.18
11.49
91.98
#18
0.00
1.00
7.45
5.20
18.94
86.78
#25
0.50
0.71
14.86
10.37
33.80
76.41
#35
1.00
0.50
19.66
13.72
53.46
62.69
#45
1.50
0.35
19.32
13.48
72.78
49.21
#60
2.00
0.25
14.20
9.91
86.98
39.30
#80
2.50
0.18
24.43
17.05
111.41
22.25
#120
3.00
0.13
26.76
18.67
138.17
3.58
#170
3.50
0.09
2.65
1.85
140.82
1.73
#200
3.75
0.07
0.13
0.09
140.95
1.64
#230
4.00
0.06
0.04
0.03
140.99
1.61
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.96
2.67
2.42
1.47
0.55
0.13
-1.39
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.26
0.42
1.44
-1.36
5.34
Page B-55

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5/16 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
-0
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 E
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
30
LL
70
20
80
O
Z
10
90
0
U)
9 0
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
T
o JBS-22-1 0 #C1
-17.7
� SID
#200 - 1.641
#230 - 1.611
14.8
1.47
1.26
-1.36
5.34
1.44
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,333
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,294
<
Z
< AW M IIE r4LAL
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
01
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Page B-56

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-10 #S1
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,333
Northing (ft):
43,294
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-19.8 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 5Y-7/1
Comments:
Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
155.11
Wash Weight (g):
153.38
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines / ):
#20�-1.12
#230 - 1.12
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
7
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.53
0.34
0.53
99.66
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.05
0.03
0.58
99.63
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.41
0.26
0.99
99.37
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.43
0.28
1.42
99.09
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.64
0.41
2.06
98.68
#14
-0.50
1.41
1.38
0.89
3.44
97.79
#18
0.00
1.00
3.31
2.13
6.75
95.66
#25
0.50
0.71
7.77
5.01
14.52
90.65
#35
1.00
0.50
10.85
7.00
25.37
83.65
#45
1.50
0.35
10.11
6.52
35.48
77.13
#60
2.00
0.25
14.90
9.61
50.38
67.52
#80
2.50
0.18
60.50
39.00
110.88
28.52
#120
3.00
0.13
41.07
26.48
151.95
2.04
#170
3.50
0.09
1.35
0.87
153.30
1.17
#200
3.75
0.07
0.08
0.05
153.38
1.12
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
153.38
1.12
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.94
2.74
2.57
2.22
1.61
0.98
0.07
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.93
0.26
0.94
-1.72
6.53
Page B-57

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.25 -4 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
-0
m
o
m 60
40
T
T
m
N
N
50
50
M W
CZ
U
°D
U
m
40
rn (a
O
60
U
0 30
J
LL
70
n
�?
20
N
N
80
O
.N..
z
10
1H
90
0
0
a p
100
w 100
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
W
Millimeters
a
3
0
of
0
m
J
o Sample
Symbol
Elev. (ft)
USCS
%Fines
%Organics
%Carbonates
Median
Mean
Skew
Kurt
Sort
Sample Information
o JBS-22-10 #S1
-19.8
SP
#200 - 1.1212,22
#230 - 1.12
1.93
-1.72
6.53
0.94
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Y Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
a
Depths and elevations based on measured values
a
Analyzed By:
CRM
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,333
Athena Technologies, Inc.
a
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,294
a AWMIIEry�
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
> TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
01
Vertical System:
NGVD29
Gravel
Sand
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Page B-58

F-
IX
0
a
W
U
K
W
W
g
Z
Granularmetric Report
Depths and elevations based on measured values
TECHNOLOGIES. INC.
Athena Technologies, Inc.
1293 Graham Farm Road
McClellanville, SC 29458
Office: 843-887-3800
Project Name: Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Sample Name: JBS-22-10 #S2
Analysis Date: 08-12-22
Analyzed By: CRM
Easting (ft):
2,295,333
Northing (ft):
43,294
Coordinate System:
NC State Plane
Elevation (ft):
-21.9 NGVD 29
USCS:
SP
Munsell:
Moist - 2.5Y-6/3
Comments:
I Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Dry Weight (g):
161.92
Wash Weight (g):
160.33
Pan Retained (g):
Sieve Loss (%):
Fines
#20 / ):- 0.99
#230 - 0.99
Organics (%):
Carbonates (% ):
Shells (%):
8
Sieve Number
Sieve Size
(Phi)
Sieve Size
(Millimeters)
Grams
Retained
% Weight
Retained
Cum. Grams
Retained
% Passing
Sieve
3/4
-4.25
19.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/8
-4.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
7/16
-3.50
11.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
5/16
-3.00
8.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#3.5
-2.50
5.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#4
-2.25
4.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#5
-2.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
#7
-1.50
2.83
0.08
0.05
0.08
99.95
#10
-1.00
2.00
0.05
0.03
0.13
99.92
#14
-0.50
1.41
0.31
0.19
0.44
99.73
#18
0.00
1.00
2.62
1.62
3.06
98.11
#25
0.50
0.71
12.52
7.73
15.58
90.38
#35
1.00
0.50
31.80
19.64
47.38
70.74
#45
1.50
0.35
49.58
30.62
96.96
40.12
#60
2.00
0.25
40.13
24.78
137.09
15.34
#80
2.50
0.18
15.32
9.46
152.41
5.88
#120
3.00
0.13
7.31
4.51
159.72
1.37
#170
3.50
0.09
0.61
0.38
160.33
0.99
#200
3.75
0.07
0.00
0.00
160.33
0.99
#230
4.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
160.33
0.99
Phi 5
Phi 16
Phi 25
Phi 50
Phi 75
Phi 84
Phi 95
2.60
1.99
1.81
1.34
0.89
0.66
0.20
Moment
Mean Phi
Mean mm
Sorting
Skewness
Kurtosis
Statistics
1.34
0.40
0.67
0
3.2
Page B-59

PHI Sieve Sizes -4.254 -3 -2.25 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.53.75 4
Standard Sieve Sizes 3/4518 5116 4 5 7 10 14 18 25 35 45 60 80 120 170 200 230 Hydrometer
100
0
90
10
80
20
70
30
(D
(D 60
40
50
50 In
Q CU
CZ
(D.
40
U) (a
(o
0
60
30
LL
70
I
n
20
80
O
Z
10
---
---
90
0
U)
0
100
X 100
LU
5 10 5 1 5 0.1 5 0.01 5 0.001
<
III
Millimeters
Gravel
Sand
0
Silt and Clay
Coarse
Fine
Coarse
Medium
Fine
of
M
0
co
0 Sample
� Symbol
Elev. (ft)�
USCS �
% Fines�
% Organics
Carbonates�
Median
Mean
Skew
Ku 't
Sort
Sample Information
o T JBS-22-1 0 #S2
-21.9
1 SID 1#230
#200 - 0.991
- 0.991
1.34
1.34
0
3.2
0.67
Project Name:
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
•
Comments: Analysis conducted by Terracon Consultants, Inc. of Jacksonville, FL
Analysis Date:
08-12-22
Depths and elevations based on measured values
Analyzed By:
CRIVI
0
U)
Easting (X, ft):
2,295,333
U)
Athena Technologies, Inc.
>i 4&
1293 Graham Farm Road
Northing (Y, ft):
43,294
<
Z AW M IIE r4LAL
<
McClellanville, SC 29458
Horizontal System:
NAD 1983
LU TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Office: 843-887-3800
>
VerticalNGVD29
Page B-60

APPENDIX C
Grain Size Data Summary Graphs
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
AW H E I4,ok [phone]
TI-C H N 0 L 0 ,ff- INC:, www.athenatechnologies.com

APPENDIX C - Grain Size Data Summary Graphs
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
100
PercentAccessoryConstituents
1.0
0.8
0.55
0.6
0.42
0.4
0.24
0.26
0.28 0.26
E
0.16
0.19 0.18
0.16
0.2
E
.�
d
19.8
14.8
N
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JBS-22-01
JBS-22-02
JBS-22-03
JBS-22-04 JBS-22-05 JBS-22-06 JBS-22-07
JBS-22-08
JBS-22-09
JBS-22-10
% Silt/Clay
% Granule % Gravel �% Carbonate +Mean Gran Size (mm)
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box68
Page C-1 MCClellanNAlle, South Carolina 29458
[phone]
41 N 9 LUC, If-S. FN C. www.athenatechnologies.com

APPENDIX C - Grain Size Data Summary Graphs
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Combined Grain Size Distribution Curves
100
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19.000 16.000 11.112 7.938 5.600 4.750 4.000 2.800 2.000 1.400 1.000 0.710 0.500 0.355 0.250 0.180 0.125 0.090 0.075 0.063
Grain Size (millimeters)
JBS-22-01 JBS-22-02 JBS-22-03 JBS-22-04 JBS-22-05
JBS-22-06 JBS-22-07 JBS-22-08 JBS-22-09 —JBS-22-10
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68
Page C-2 MCCIelIan\iIIe, South Carolina 29458
}-� [phone]
HN 0 LU G I U. mww.athenatechnologies.com

APPENDIX C - Grain Size Data Summary Graphs
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2022 Geotechnical Investigation
Jay Bird Shoals Borrow Area Expansion
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Grain Size Distribution Statistics
20
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JBS-22-01 JBS-22-02 JBS-22-03 JBS-22-04 JBS-22-05 JBS-22-06 JBS-22-07 JBS-22-08 JBS-22-09 JBS-22-10
Mean Grain Size (mm) Sorting (phi) Skewness Kurtosis
1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box68
*44- k
Page C-3 MCClellanNAlle, South Carolina 29458
K11
(843) 887-38o0
U L I• INCwww.athenatechnologies.com

Menefee -Dunn, Barbara A
From: Finch, Greg <gregory.finch @davey.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 3, 2023 3:40 PM
To: Coats, Heather
Subject: Re: [External] Re: VBHI major mod application- 91-14
Attachments:—WRD0735 jpg
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report Message
button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
I use the GIS application:
https://brunsco.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6df283elaa634006baeedf6daac4Od38
g� a:
-4..' rJ
f
1868 RUNNYMEDE RD
WINSTDN SALEM, NC 27104-3110
Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.452.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734
0
Visit our local office page
On Tue, Oct 3, 2023 at 3:38 PM Coats, Heather <[e-mail]> wrote:
Thanks! But I don't see her mailing address on there? Am I just missing it? Is that where you got it from?
i

From: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Sent: Tuesday, October 3, 2023 3:31 PM
To: Coats, Heather <heather.coats@deg. nc.gov>
Subject: Re: [External] Re: VBHI major mod application- 91-14
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report Message
button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
Here's the tax card for this one:
https://tax.brunsco.net/itsnet/AppraisalCard.aspx?parcel=2643AO09&TaxYear=2023
Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.452.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734
Visit our local office page
On Fri, Sep 15, 2023 at 2:55 PM Coats, Heather <[e-mail]> wrote:
Thanks, Greg! Would you please also send me documentation on the source you used to determine the mailing
address for the notification below? (i.e. copy of the County tax card or similar source)?
Thanks again and I hope you have a great weekend as well!

Heather
From: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, September 15, 2023 2:19 PM
To: Coats, Heather <[e-mail]>
Cc: Christian Preziosi <[e-mail]>
Subject: [External] Re: VBHI major mod application- 91-14
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report
Message button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
Hi Heather,
Please find attached an updated PDF to address the below items. The narrative has been updated accordingly and I
confirmed the moratorium dates should be Nov 16 to April 1 per the BO, unless there is later documentation that
allows for a Nov 1 date that I haven't seen. You should have the three green cards and the fee check and the fourth
notification is showing delivered per USPS tracking:
I'll send a follow-up letter to withdraw the FPS application. Let me know if you have any questions or need anything
further.
Hope you have a good weekend.
Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.452.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734

Visit our local office page
On Tue, Sep 5, 2023 at 11:13 AM Coats, Heather <[e-mail]> wrote:
Hi Greg,
Nice talking to you this morning and happy to hear things are going well!
I will keep my eye out for the check and the three green cards (with the fourth one to follow asap).
And as discussed, I'd like you ask that you please also add the following to the narrative:
-The date the scoping meeting was held along with the DWR 401 statements:
• The project proponent hereby certifies that all information contained herein is true, accurate, and
complete to the best of my knowledge and belief.
• The project proponent hereby requests that the certifying authority review and take action on this CWA
401 certification request within the applicable reasonable period of time.
(This should satisfy DWR's 401 pre -file requirements so they can start processing the 401 certification- but if you
also directly submitted a pre -file request to DWR, please add that date as well.)
-The two tables showing the mean composite size classification percentages from Erik's report (Tables 1 & 2).
- Please also check the Nov moratorium date in the application. It currently proposes a start date of Nov 1 instead of
Nov 16 in Section 3.1.3 of the narrative as well as in Erik's report in "Conclusions/Recommendations" on page 20.
- Please include results of the recipient beach clast counts in accordance with the requirements of .0312(1)(h), if
available:
15a ncac 07h .0312.pdf (state.nc.us)
*If this hasn't been done yet, please add a statement recognizing that it will be done prior to construction
and we can condition the permit accordingly.

And please also send a formal request to withdraw the old Frying Pan Shoals major modification request (either in
this modification request or in a separate email is also fine).
Let me know if you have any questions and thanks again!
Heather
From: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, August 4, 2023 3:57 PM
To: Coats, Heather <[e-mail]>
Subject: Re: [External] Oak Island Borrow Area
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report
Message button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
Hi Heather,
Please find a copy of the application package as it will be delivered today. Adjacent notifications have been sent by
certified mail and the return receipts and fee check will be submitted once received.
Hope you have a good weekend.
Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.452.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734
Visit our local office page

On Thu, Jul 27, 2023 at 2:16 PM Coats, Heather <[e-mail]> wrote:
Hi again,
As a follow up- I just got Erik's borrow site expansion investigation binder- it is signed and sealed and it reminded
me we had already discussed this!
I'm getting forgetful in my older age (ugh)!
From: Coats, Heather
Sent: Thursday, July 27, 2023 10:14 AM
To: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Subject: RE: [External] Oak Island Borrow Area
Hi Greg,
Hope all's going well your way!
I've attached the vibracore logs and part of the narrative for Oak Island that addresses their JBS borrow area as well
as some supplemental info they provided for the second project (adobe link below). Did you also want a copy of the
permit itself?
"20210622_Letter Supporting Permit Modification_with figures.pdf" at:
https://acrobat.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:ScOdb3e0-OcO9-4105-abc0-70ce9ef25a00
"OKI_JBS_Vibracore_JB02_JB05.pdf" at:
httas://acrobat.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:caba04f9-fafc-4647-a394-f60e82ebbeb4
I also just realized I don't know that I've mentioned it before, but our sediment compatibility rules have changed
slightly from before and now require the (licensed) project engineer to sign off on certifying the compatibility of the
borrow area.
I don't think there should really be any other changes as far as the borrow area goes and you can continue to use
the prior recipient beach characterization for the most part- but we will also need updated clast counts for

the beach to count all sediments over 1" and shell over 3". We haven't been requiring it upfront for the application,
but it will need to be done and the results provided to us at some point prior to construction (although preferably
prior to permit issuance). I'll just ask that you put a statement in the narrative that acknowledges it will be done
prior to construction (or when it's expected to be done prior). Please also add a statement about the scoping
meeting that was held and also include your prefile date with DWR if/when that was submitted.
Here's a link to the updated sed criteria rules:
15a ncac 07h .0312.adf (state.nc.us
And here are the sections of it in particular:
(1) The applicant shall characterize the recipient beach according to the following methodology. Initial
characterizations of the recipient beach shall serve as the baseline for subsequent beach fill projects:
(a) Characterization of the recipient beach is not required for the placement of sediment directly from and
completely confined to a cape shoal
system, or maintained navigation channel or associated sediment basins within the active nearshore,
beach or inlet shoal system. For
purposes of this Rule, "cape shoal systems" include Frying Pan Shoals at Cape Fear, Lookout Shoals at
Cape Lookout, and Diamond Shoals at
Cape Hatteras;
(b) Sediment sampling and analysis shall be used to capture the spatial variability of the sediment
characteristics including grain size, sorting
and mineralogy within the natural system;
(c) Shore -perpendicular transects shall be established for topographic and bathymetric surveying of the
recipient beach. Topographic and
bathymetric surveying shall occur along a minimum of five shore -perpendicular transects evenly spaced
throughout the entire project area
with spacing not to exceed 5,000 feet (1,524 meters) in the shore[1]parallel direction. Each transect shall
extend from the frontal dune crest
seaward to a depth of 20 feet (6.1 meters) or to the shore -perpendicular distance 2,400 feet (732
meters) seaward of mean low water,

whichever is in a more landward position. Elevation data for all transects shall be compliant with
Standards of Practice for Land Surveying in
North Carolina pursuant to 21 NCAC 56 .1600. These Rules are hereby incorporated by reference,
including subsequent amendments;
(d) Along each transect, at least one sample shall be taken from each of the following morphodynamic
zones where present: frontal dune,
frontal dune toe, mid berm, mean high water (MHW), mid tide (MT), mean low water (MLW), trough,
bar crest and at even depth
increments from 6 feet (1.8 meters) to 20 feet (6.1 meters) or to a shore[1]perpendicular distance 2,400
feet (732 meters) seaward of mean
low water, whichever is in a more landward position. The total number of samples taken landward of
MLW shall equal the total number of
samples taken seaward of MLW;
(e) For the purpose of this Rule, "sediment grain size categories" are defined as "fine" (less than 0.0625
millimeters), "sand" (greater than or equal to 0.0625 millimeters and less than 2 millimeters), "granular"
(greater than or equal to 2
millimeters and less than 4.76 millimeters) and "gravel" (greater than or equal to 4.76 millimeters and
less than 76 millimeters). Each
sediment sample shall report percentage by weight of each of these four grain size categories;
(f) A composite of the simple arithmetic mean for each of the four grain size categories defined in Sub -Item
(1)(e) of this Rule shall be
calculated for each transect. A grand mean shall be established for each of the four grain size categories
by summing the mean for each
transect and dividing by the total number of transects. The value that characterizes grain size values for
the recipient beach is the grand
mean of percentage by weight for each grain size category defined in Sub -Item (1)(e) of this Rule;
(g) Percentage by weight calcium carbonate shall be calculated from a composite of all sediment samples
The value that characterizes the
carbonate content of the recipient beach is a grand mean calculated by summing the average percentage
by weight calcium carbonate for
each transect and dividing by the total number of transects;
(h) The number of sediments greater than or equal to one inch (25.4 millimeters) in diameter, and shell
material greater than or equal to three

inches (76 millimeters) in diameter shall be differentiated and calculated through visual observation of
an area of 10,000 square feet
centered on each transect, and between mean tide level (MTQ and the frontal dune toe within the
beach fill project boundaries. A simple
arithmetic mean shall be calculated for both sediments and shell by summing the totals for each across
all transects and dividing by the
total number of transects, and these values shall be considered representative of the entire project area,
and referred to as the
"background" values for large sediment and large shell material;
(i) Beaches that received sediment prior to the effective date of this Rule shall be characterized in a way
that is consistent with Sub -Items
(1)(a) through (1)(h) of this Rule and may use data collected from the recipient beach prior to the
addition of beach fill where data are
available, and in coordination with the Division of Coastal Management; and
(j) All data used to characterize the recipient beach shall be provided in digital and hardcopy format to the
Division of Coastal Management
upon request.
(3) Compliance with these sediment standards shall be certified by an individual licensed pursuant to Chapter 89C or
89E of the N.C. General Statutes.
Sediment compatibility shall be determined according to the following criteria:
(a) Sediment completely confined to the permitted dredge depth of a maintained navigation channel or
associated sediment deposition basins
within the active nearshore, beach or inlet shoal system shall be considered compatible if the average
percentage by weight of fine-grained
(less than 0.0625 millimeters) sediment is less than 10 percent;
(b) The average percentage by weight of fine-grained sediment (less than 0.0625 millimeters) in each
borrow site shall not exceed the average
percentage by weight of fine-grained sediment of the recipient beach characterization plus five percent;
(c) The average percentage by weight of granular sediment (greater than or equal to 2 millimeters and less
than 4.76 millimeters) in a borrow

site shall not exceed the average percentage by weight of coarse -sand sediment of the recipient beach
characterization plus 10 percent;
(d) The average percentage by weight of gravel (greater than or equal to 4.76 millimeters and less than 76
millimeters) in a borrow site shall
not exceed the average percentage by weight of gravel -sized sediment for the recipient beach
characterization plus five percent;
(e) The average percentage by weight of calcium carbonate in a borrow site shall not exceed the average
percentage by weight of calcium
carbonate of the recipient beach characterization plus 15 percent; and
(f) Techniques that take incompatible sediment within a borrow site or combination of sites and make it
compatible with that of the recipient
beach characterization shall be evaluated on a case -by -case basis by the Division of Coastal Management.
Let me know if you have any questions or need any additional info.
Again- hope all's going well and thanks for the head's up on submittal!
Heather
Heather Coats (she/her)
Beach & Inlet Management Project Coordinator
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
910 796 7302 office
[e-mail]
*New email address.
127 Cardinal Drive Extension
10

Wilmington, NC 28405
Error! Filename not specified.
From: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Sent: Tuesday, July 25, 2023 3:59 PM
To: Coats, Heather <heather.coats@deg. nc.gov>
Subject: Re: [External] Oak Island Borrow Area
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report
Message button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
Do you have a copy of the permit and figures, and maybe geotech or sediment compatibility report so we can
review their material vs the proposed JBS site? Thanks!
We're hoping to have a permit application in to you soon, maybe next week.
Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.452.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734
Visit our local office page
On Tue, Jul 11, 2023 at 4:36 PM Coats, Heather <heather.coats@deg. nc.gov> wrote:
11

Hi Greg,
I'm so sorry I forgot about this. Thank you for the patient reminder!
Here's the plan (attached) that includes state plane coordinates. I think this should work for you all, but let me
know if you need anything else.
H.
From: Finch, Greg <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, July 7, 2023 3:24 PM
To: Coats, Heather <[e-mail]>
Subject: [External] Oak Island Borrow Area
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless verified. Report suspicious emails with the Report
Message button located on your Outlook menu bar on the Home tab.
Hi Heather,
I hope you had a good week. Just a reminder, if you could send us the coordinates and description for the Oak
Island borrow area we'd appreciate it. We'll add that to the Jay Bird Shoals permitting figures for reference as
discussed.
Thanks!
12

Greg Finch I Section Manager
Davey Resource Group, Inc.
380S Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 1S, Wilmington, NC 28403
P: 910.4S2.0001 ext. 1928 1 M: 910.470.4734
Visit our local office page
Email correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties by an
authorized state official.
13

ROY COOPER
Governor
ELIZABETH S. BISER
Secretary
BRAXTON DAVIS
Director
Mr. Greg Finch
Davey Resource Group
3805 Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15
Wilmington, NC 28403
Dear Mr. Finch:
NORTH CAROLINA
Environmental Quality
October 5, 2023
The Division of Coastal Management hereby acknowledges receipt of your application, acting as agent for the
Village of Bald Head Island, for State approval of a Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14 authorizing
use of Frying Pan Shoals as a borrow site located adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean and the Cape Fear River,
Brunswick County. It was received as complete on 10/4/23 and appears to be adequate for processing at this
time. The projected deadline for making a decision is 12/18/23. An additional 75-day review period is
provided by law when such time is necessary to complete the review. If you have not been notified of a final
action by the initial deadline stated above, you should consider the review period extended. Under those
circumstances, this letter will serve as your notice of an extended review. However, an additional letter will be
provided on or about the 75th day.
If this agency does not render a permit decision within 70 days from 10/4/23 you may request a meeting with
the Director of the Division of Coastal Management and permit staff to discuss the status of your project. Such
a meeting will be held within five working days from the receipt of your written request and shall include the
applicant and project designer/consultant.
NCGS 113A-119(b) requires that Notice of an application be posted at the location of the proposed
development. Enclosed you will find a "Notice of Permit Filing" postcard which must be posted at the
property of your proposed development. You should post copies of this notice at a conspicuous point along
the project area where it can be observed by the public. Failure to post this notice could result in an incomplete
application.
An onsite inspection will be made, and if additional information is required, you will be contacted by the
appropriate State or Federal agency. Please contact me if you have any questions and notify me in writing if
you wish to receive a copy of my field report and/or comments from reviewing agencies.
Sincerely,
%' -
Heather Coats
Beach & Inlet Management Project Coordinator
cc: MHC Files, DCM Chris McCall, VBHI
Emily Hughes, COE Michael Mellinger, DWR
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Coastal Management
Wilmington Office 1 127 Cardinal Drive Extension I 'Wilmington, North Carolina 28405
910.796.7215

ROY COOPER
Governor
ELIZABTH BISER
Secremry
BRAXTON DAVIS
Director, Division ofCoaslal Monagemeni
October 6, 2023
[e-mail]
2 Pages
Star News
Legal Advertisement Section
Re: Major Public Notice for:
• Village of Bald Head Island
Hello: Please publish the attached Notice in the Thursday, October 12, 2023 issue.
The State Office of Budget & Management requires an original Affidavit of Publication prior to payment for
newspaper advertising.
Please send the original affidavit and invoice for payment to Tanya Pietila at the NC Division of Coastal
Management, 12 7 Cardinal Drive Extension, Wilmington, NC 28405, 910-796-7226
(Customer No. 489895).
Thank you for your assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
Tanya K. Pietila
Permitting Support & Customer Assistance
cc: MHC Files
Cameron Luck — MHC
USACE
State of North Carolina I Environmental Quality I Coastal Management
127 Cardinal Drive Ext., Wilmington, NC 28405 919 796 7215

NOTICE OF FILING OF
APPLICATION FOR CAMA MAJOR
DEVELOPMENT PERMIT
The Department of Environmental Quality hereby gives public notice as required by NCGS 113A-
119(b) that the following application has been submitted for a development permit in Areas of Environmental
Concern as designated under the LAMA: On October 5, 2023, The Village of Bald Head Island proposed a
Major Modification to State Permit No. 91-14 for beach renourishment on South Beach w/the use of Jay Bird
Shoals as the borrow area, adj. to the Atlantic Ocean in Bald Head Island, Brunswick County. Copies of these
applications can be examined or copied at the office of Heather Coats N.C. Dept. of Environmental Quality,
Division of Coastal Management, 127 Cardinal Drive Ext., Wilmington, NC 28405, [phone] during
normal business hours.
Comments mailed to Braxton C. Davis, Director, Division of Coastal Management, 400 Commerce
Avenue, Morehead City, NC 28557-3421, prior to November 2, 2023 will be considered in making the permit
decision. Later comments will be accepted and considered up to the time of permit decision. Project
modification may occur based on review and comment by the public and state and federal agencies. Notice of
the permit decision in these matters will be provided upon written request.

Major Permit Fee Schedule
Project Name: V Q
VV\er,D2 OA.00
County:
92ut"LUIC44 ,
Check No & Amount:
L--751-
t 08'SS
DCM %
DWQ %
Development Type
Fee
(14300160143510009316256253)
(2430016024351000952341)
I. Private, non-commercial development
that does not involve the filling or
$250
100% ($250)
0% ($0)
excavation of any wetlands or
open water areas:
II. Public or commercial development that
does not involve the filling or excavation
$400
100% ($400)
0% ($0)
of any wetlands or open water areas:
III. For development that involves the
filling and/or excavation of up to 1 acre
of wetlands and/or open water areas,
_
determine if A,B, C, or D below applies:
III(A). Private, non-commercial
development, if General Water Quality
$250
100% ($250)
0% ($0)
Certification No. 4175 can be applied:
III(B). Public or commercial development,
if General Water Quality Certification
$400
100% ($400)
0% ($0)
No. 4175 can be applied:
III(C). If General Water Quality
Certification No. 4175 could be applied,
but DCM staff determined that additional
$400
60% ($240)
40% ($160)
review and written DWQ concurrence is
needed because of concerns related to
,
water quality or aquatic life:
III(D). If General Water Quality
$400
60% ($240)
40% ($160)
Certification No. 4175 cannot be applied:
IfV. Development that involves the filling
and/or excavation of more than one acre
$475
60% ($285)
of wetlands and/or open water areas:

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Bald Head Island, N.C.
Jay Bird Shoals
Borrow Site Expansion
Investigation
CrIVE1
JUL 2.7 20
i:� Mo,A
MP SECTION WIRO

JAY BIRD SHOALS
BORROW SITE EXPANSION INVESTIGATION
Report Submitted To:
Village of Bald Head Island, N.C.
Report Submitted By:
Olsen Associates, Inc.
2618 Herschel Street
Jacksonville, Florida 32204
October 2022
BACKGROUND
Along with the strategic use of structures, the Village of Bald Head Island's Beach
Management Plan has been largely dependent upon episodic beach disposal activities performed
in accordance with Wilmington Harbor Sand Management Plan (WHSMP) -- as implemented by
the Wilmington District, (USACOE, 2000). The latter was required pursuant to Permits and
Agreements associated with the 2001 Wilmington Harbor Deepening Project. According to the
tenets of the WHSMP, channel maintenance beach disposal is redirected to Oak Island — every
third event. Since 2000, disposal projects have occurred on average every 2 to 3 years —principally
depending upon available funding. During any extended period of the time between federal
disposal projects at South Beach on Bald Head Island, the Village has been required to construct
locally funded sand placements of varying sizes at South Beach necessary to maintain the beach -
dune system, as well as to protect public infrastructure. To date, the main sand source for such
non-federal projects at South Beach (totaling almost 3M cy) has been a permitted borrow site
located on the seawardmost portion of Jay Bird Shoals (J13S) (see Figure 1). As of this date,
naturally occurring borrow site recovery has been insufficient to allow for the reutilization of the
original permitted borrow site area.
October 2022 1 olsen associates, inc.

W
October 2022 2 olsen associates, inc.

For purposes of developing a suitable alternate long-term sand source, the Village in 2015
initiated the geotechnical exploration, environmental analysis and marine archaeological
investigation eventually required for the submittal of permits for a proposed borrow site located at
Frying Pan Shoals — a large-scale depositional feature lying due south of the Cape Fear headland
— and extending some 30+ miles to sea (see Figure 1). The latter shoal formation had been first
investigated almost 50 years ago as a candidate source of sand by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Coastal Engineering Research Center (Meisburger, 1977). The estimated sand volume
within the shoal was predicted to exceed some 1.4 billion cubic yards. As the result of being
seaward of a major shoreline headland feature, Frying Pan Shoals receives sand annually from
both South Beach and East Beach on Bald Head Island (see Figure 2). Hence, from a geological
stand point it can be considered to be an ever -enlarging depositional feature. A detailed Sand
Source Investigation (Olsen Associates, April 2016), concluded that a strategically sited borrow
site located on the more dynamic portions of Frying Pan Shoals (within State Waters) would be
subject to rapid physical recovery subsequent to any dredging event.
Moreover, it was determined that both the proximity of the Frying Pan Shoals borrow site
to South Beach, as well as the excellent sedimentary characteristics of the shoal sands, represent
essentially an "inexhaustible" source of high -quality material for beach fill construction. Based
upon the frequency of federal beach disposal projects, it was estimated that a Frying Pan Shoals
borrow area would need to be utilized only every 7-10 years. Nonetheless, the initial Permit
Application(s) submitted by the Village sought only a one-time use — followed by years of physical
and environmental monitoring sufficient to make all impact assessments necessary to justify future
use. Over the last two years, mol., Village consultants have attempted to address various
regulatory agency concerns — with "potential" fisheries impacts as the final issue essentially being
unresolved by early 2022. Over that period of time, various agency personnel have continually
recommended that the Village continue to utilize Jay Bird shoals as the source of sand for any
necessary non-federal sand placement projects at South Beach — as they had in the past (see Figure
3).
October 2022 3 olsen associates, inc.

Figure 2: Estimated maximum annual sediment contributions to Frying Pan Shoals.
October 2022 4 olsen associates, inc.

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October 2022 5 olsen associates, inc.

To that end, annual survey monitoring of the Permitted Jay Bird Shoals borrow area has
documented ongoing recovery of the dredged substrate — but not of sufficient spatial distribution
and sediment depth where it would be suitable for near -term excavation by a hydraulic dredge.
With the known eventual need for sand placement resulting from an upcoming South Beach
disposal hiatus in/or about 2025 (i.e., the period when disposal sand would be contractually
redirected to Oak Island pursuant to the WHSMP), the Village has recognized that any future use
of the Jay Bird Shoals borrow site, as recommended by regulatory agencies, would necessitate
some level of expansion of its currently permitted limits. Accordingly, that conclusion was the
genesis for the formulation and implementation of the 2022 sand source investigation discussed
herein. Prior comprehensive geotechnical analyses of Jay Bird Shoals had been performed for
purposes of permitting two (2) dredging events (Olsen Associates, Inc.; June 2007a) and (Olsen
Associates, Inc.; August 2017).
EXISTING BORROW SITE CONDITIONS
Pursuant to permit requirements for a 2009/10 Village beach fill project, the Jay Bird
Shoals borrow site has been surveyed for purposes of monitoring its eventual long-term physical
recovery. Approximately 1.8 Mcy of material was excavated during the 2009/10 project and 1.1
Mcy during a subsequent 2018/19 project. Figure 4 depicts the most recent permitted borrow site
(May 2022) seabed elevations. This plot represents conditions approximately 3 years post-2018/19
project and 12 years post-2009/10 project conditions. In the plot, the full permitted borrow area
limits are shown. The permitted limits are further subdivided into three sub -areas. For the 2009/10
project, only portions of Area 1 and Area 2 were excavated. For the 2018/19 project, only portions
of Area 2 and Area 3 were excavated. Also plotted in the figure are the locations of two dredging
exclusion zones (both located in Area 3) and a 200 ft tide gage buffer zone (Area 1 & 2). No
excavation was conducted within either the exclusion or buffer zones during the 2009/10 and
2018/19 projects. Figure 5 depicts the computed seabed elevation change during the last
monitoring period (May 2021 to May 2022) (Olsen Associates, Inc., 2022).
For purposes of this sand source investigation, the typical limits of monitoring of the Jay
Bird Shoal borrow site were modified in May 2022. That is to say, the limits of survey were
extended to the north and west for purposes of documenting bathymetric features of interest
adjacent to the prior dredged site (see Figure 6).
October 2022 6 olsen associates, inc.

45,000
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Figure 4: Jay Bird Shoals borrow site conditions in May 2022 (38 months post -dredge 2018/19 project).
October 2022 7 olsen associates, inc.

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44,500 Beach Renourishment Zones
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Seabed Elevation Change t JG
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Figure 5: Jay Bird Shoals seabed elevation changes during the Year 3 Post -Construction for the 2018/19
project (May 2021 to May 2022).
October 2022 8 olsen associates, inc.

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Figure 6: Existing bathymetric condition within and adjacent to the original permitted Jay Bird
Shoals borrow area.
October 2022 9 olsen associates, inc.

JBS BORROW AREA EXPANSION
For purposes of ensuring the integrity and accuracy of numerous prior studies required for
the permitting of the original 226 A. JBS borrow site (see Olsen 2017,b), the spatial limits of an
expansion area have been minimized. Figures 7 and 8 depict the initial location and relative size
of a preliminarily identified 75A expansion to the northwest of the original permitted site. Based
upon today's bathymetric conditions, the available neat volume of borrow site sand within the
expanded site above a design elevation of -22 ft. NGVD is approximately 1.4 Mcy. This is
theoretically sufficient for the construction of a potential interim beach fill in/or about 2025
(including losses during fill placement). This assumes no exclusion area(s) due to potential marine
archaeological concerns. By design, the maximum depth of excavation during dredging would be
limited to -24 ft. NGVD — as in the prior two (2) dredging events. This ensures that beach quality
sediments are excavated, as well as that the exposed borrow site post -construction substrate is
suitable for expeditious benthic recovery (see LMG, June 2013).
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
Having quantified potential sediment availability over depth, Olsen Associates, Inc.,
(OAI), authorized the acquisition of ten (10) VIBRACORES within and adjacent to the proposed
75A. expansion area. The locations of the intended cores are depicted by Figure 7. Two (2) cores
were sited in previously dredged areas within Area 3 of the original site for purposes of assessing
the quality of the depositional material. The firm of Athena Technologies, Inc. (Athena) was
contracted to acquire the desired VIBRACORES and to log, document, and perform the requisite
laboratory analyses (i.e. size characteristics, % shell, % fines, etc.). Athena completed the field
work associated with VIBRACORE acquisition in early July, 2022. Each core was sampled at
two discrete locations as well as a composite sample which extended over the maximum design
depth of excavation (i.e. -22 ft. NGVD29 +2 ft. overdepth). Such composite samples were based
upon the apparent absolute depth of visible, desirable material and verification of same based upon
the results of the prior 2009/2010 and 2018/2019 projects at this general location. In addition to
well defined grain size distribution analyses, the percentage carbonate material as well as fines
were computed for each composite sample over depth. A brief report of findings as well as all
data, photographs of cores, core logs, GDS curves, etc. are included as Appendix A to this report.
October 2022 10 olsen associates, inc.

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October 2022 12 olsen associates, inc.

Simplistically, the expansion area material considered for future placement on South Beach
(above elevation -24 ft NGVD29) is predominately fine sand classified as being predominately
SP. For the cores acquired within the proposed dredged area (only), the average mean grain size
is .27 mm. Carbonate percentages from the composite samples ranged from 6.0% to 19.8% with
an average of 9.6%. In general, the fine grained content (based upon a no. 230 sieve averaged
2.6% for all the composite samples. A summary of size and content characteristics for the eight
(8) cores is included as Table 1. A separate summary of average values is included for all ten (10)
cores taken -- although core numbers 9 and 10 are not within the original area of intended
excavation.
Table 1. Expansion Area - 2022 Vibracore Sediment Characterization
Size Classification M by Wt.)
Core No. -IFGravel
Granular
Sand
Fines
CaCO3%
JBS 2022-01
.3
.7
97.2
1.8
6.9
JBS 2022-02
.8
.7
96.5
2.1
9.3
JBS 2022-03
0
.1
97.9
2.0
6.0
JBS 2022-04
0
0
97.1
2.9
7.5
JBS 2022-05
.7
.4
96.7
2.2
9.5
JBS 2022-06
.6
.8
92.8
5.8
10.2
JBS 2022-07
0
0
97.5
2.5
7.7
JBS 2022-08
1.6
3.2
93.6
1.6
19.8
JBS 2022-09
0
.3
92.4
7.3
8.5
JBS 2022-10
4.0
1.8
92.6
1.6
14.8
AVERAGE VALUE (1-8)
.5
.4
96.2
2.6
9.6
AVERAGE VALUES (1-10)
.8
.8
95.4
3.
10.0
Definition:
Gravel:
Granular:
Sand:
Fines:
4.76mm - 76mm
2mm - less than 4.76mm
.0625mm - less than 2 mm
Less than .0625mm
October 2022 13 olsen associates, inc.

As previously well documented, it is important to understand that there are no relevant
"native beach" characteristics for South Beach since it has been the recipient of the placement of
over 11.5 Mcy of sediment (most from the W.H. Navigation Project channel) since 2000. In
reality, the only undisturbed native beach existing on Bald Head is East Beach which faces Onslow
Bay. This was recognized by the State in 2007 when the Jay Bird Shoals borrow site was first
developed. Accordingly, the Village was directed to compare the borrow site characteristics to
those of a limited number of composite cross -share sediment samples for South Beach and East
Beach. The latter exercise was basically for "science" — since East Beach is not a proposed fill
area.
Standards for the determination of compatibility of borrow site material, as compared to
the recipient (i.e. native) beach, are specifically defined by the State of N.C. The latter address the
four (4) size classifications as well as percentage composition of calcium carbonate. Accordingly,
Table 2. describes the sediment composition averages and grand means for both the recipient
beach (measured 3 ways), as well as the eight cores representing the proposed borrow site
expansion area. From these statistics, compatibility of the sediments to be borrowed can be
determined.
Table 2. Sediment Characterization for Compatibility Analysis
Size Classification
(% by Wt.)
Composite Sample
Gravel
Granular
Sand
Fines
Carbonate
Expansion Area — 8 Cores
.5
.4
96.2
2.6
9.6
East Beach Composite
.37
1.37
97.75
.42
9.67%
South Beach Composite
.07
1.08
98.10
.75
7.57%
EB & SB Mean
.22
1.23
97.93
.59
8.41 %
(Ref: Olsen Associates, Inc. — August 2017)
October 2022 14 olsen associates, inc.

For the currently analyzed JBS expansion area being proposed for excavation, the
following criteria are established by the State of N.C. for purposes of determining "compatibility"
of the borrow sediments relative to those of the recipient beach:
a) The average percentage (by weight) of fine grained sediment (less than 0.0625mm) shall
not exceed the average percentage (by weight) of fine grained sediment of the recipient
beach characterization by five (5%) percent.
■ Determination
• Borrow Site Av
2.6%
• Recipient Beach
■ SB Mean
.75%
■ EB Mean
.42%
■ Grand Mean for all transects
.59%
■ Result — Borrow site material complies with standard.
b) The average percentage (by weight) of granular sediment (greater than 2mm and less than
4.76mm) in the borrow site shall not exceed the average percentage (by weight) of coarse -
sand sediment of the recipient beach characterization plus five (5%) percent.
■ Determination
• Borrow Site Av
.4%
• Recipient Beach
■ SB Mean
1.08%
■ EB Mean
1.37%
■ Grand Mean for all transects
1.23%
■ Result — Borrow site material complies
with standard.
c) The average percentage (by weight) of gravel (greater than or equal to 4.76mm) in the
borrow site shall not exceed the average percentage (by weight) of gravel -sized sediment
of the recipient beach characterization plus five (5%) percent.
■ Determination
• Borrow Site Av .5%
• Recipient Beach
■ SB Mean .07%
October 2022 15 olsen associates, inc.

■ EB Mean
37%
■ Grand Mean for all transects .22%
• Result — Borrow site material complies with standard
d) The average percentage (by weight) of calcium carbonate in the borrow site shall not
exceed the average percentage (by weight) of calcium carbonate sediment of the recipient
beach characterization plus fifteen (15%) percent.
■ Determination
• Borrow Site Av 9.6%
. Recipient Beach
■ SB Mean 7.57%
■ EB Mean 9.67%
■ Grand Mean for all transects 8.41 %
■ Result — Borrow site material complies with standard.
SUBMERGED CULTURAL RESOURCE INVESTIGATION
In order to determine the proposed borrow site expansion project's effects on potentially
significant submerged cultural resources, OAI contracted with Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc.
(TAR) of Washington, North Carolina to conduct a magnitude and acoustic survey. The remote -
sensing investigation conducted by TAR archaeologists was designed to provide accurate and
reliable identification, assessment and documentation of submerged cultural resources in the study
area. A copy of the TAR report in its entirety is included as Appendix B to this document.
Field research for the project was conducted on 31 August 2022 and 1 September 2022.
The survey was carried out with both magnetic and acoustic remote -sending equipment. Analysis
of the JBS survey data identified a total of 26 magnetic anomalies (see Figure 9). Analysis of the
data indicates that a cluster of four anomalies have collective signature characteristics that could
represent historic vessel remains. Because JBS has a high potential for historically significant
shipwrecks, those four anomalies are buffered and recommended for avoidance -- or additional
investigation if the avoidance buffer could be impacted or if anomaly identification is desirable to
allow dredging.
October 2022 16 olsen associates, inc.

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Figure 9: Survey area magnetic contours, anomalies, and avoidance buffer.
October 2022 17 olsen associates, inc.

Nine of the remaining 22 anomalies are located in the 200-foot perimeter buffer which is
hereby adopted by the project engineer. One magnetic anomaly is located outside the survey area.
The 12 unbuffered anomalies inside the borrow area are not considered to be potentially
significant. Those anomalies appear to be generated by modern debris such as fish and crab traps,
pipes, small diameter rods, cable, wire rope, chain, small boat anchors, and possibly ordinance
associated with fortifications on Bald Head Island (BHI) and Oak Island. None of the magnetic
anomalies had an associated acoustic signature.
Analysis of the sidescan sonar data identified only one acoustic target. The signature for
that target represents a linear object on the bottom surface. No magnetic anomaly is associated
with the target. It likely represents a piling or navigation reference dayboard. Analysis of the sub -
bottom profiler data identified no geological features or targets associated with the magnetic
anomalies.
As graphically depicted by Figure 9, the limits of the archaeological survey extended 200
ft. (min) beyond the original 75 A expansion area limits demarcated by OAI. To that end, no
anomalies were noted along the northwestern segment of the 200 ft. buffer area and only a few
minor anomalies were mapped along a portion of the northeastern segment of the survey. Hence,
OAI coordinated with TAR to expand the originally proposed borrow area dimensions by
approximately 200 ft. and 100 ft. respectively in those two areas. It was the project engineer's
opinion that by allowing dredging to occur in such areas with a greater depth of sediment — it
would reduce the need for the dredge company to excavate the area closest to the navigation
channel where a higher density of unknown (albeit minor) magnetic anomalies were detected. The
principal investigator for TAR, Dr. Gordon Watts agreed with the project engineer's assessment
in this regard. Accordingly, the originally proposed 75 A borrow site (Figure 7) was revised as
shown in Figure 10. Both Federal and State permit applications will be based upon this final
expansion area footprint which now encompasses 72.8 A.
October 2022 18 olsen associates, inc.

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October 2022 19 olsen associates, inc.

CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended that the Village of Bald Head Island seek a modification of CAMA 91-
14 and USACE No. SAW-2012-00040 sufficient to expand a portion of a previously developed
borrow site located at Jay Bird Shoals. The intended project volume required is estimated at 1
Mcy, mol. All sand would be placed on the two ends of S. Beach. The proposed timing of the
work would be between 1 November and 1 April of the following year. Work would be performed
by a cutter suction dredge with direct deposit on S. Beach by pipeline. It is anticipated that a
submerged pipeline can cross the federal navigation project without the need for burial, i.e. seabed
placement below the authorized channel depth of -44ft. MLW.
As discussed herein, the footprint of the 72.8 A expansion area was slightly revised to
minimize direct or indirect impacts to potential cultural resources. Prior dredging projects at Jay
Bird Shoals had done similarly based upon marine archaeological investigations by Tidewater
Atlantic Research, Inc. (TAR, 2007). Permits for a subject 1 Mcy, mol "placement volume"
(measured in place), will seek a borrow site design depth of -22 ft. NGVD29, with a conventional
2 ft. overdepth "tolerance". Direct placement of hydraulic fill on South Beach will be by pipeline
utilizing a 24"-30" cutter suction dredge. Although the permitted area is 72.8 A, the design plans
will encourage most excavation to occur along the northwesternmost portion of the site so as to
reduce the actual acreage of seabed disturbed.
Based upon prior numerical modeling investigations of various Jay Bird Shoals borrow site
configurations (Olsen Associates, Inc., 2007b and Olsen Associates, Inc., Feb. 2013), it is the
project engineer's opinion that the expansion of the Jay Bird Shoals discussed herein will not result
in any meaningful changes to the areawide Wave Climate or littoral transport rates or patterns.
October 2022 20 olsen associates, inc.

REFERENCES
Land Management Group, Inc. (2013). "Fourth Annual Biological Monitoring Report",
Report prepared for Village of Bald Head Island. Land Management Group, Inc., 3805
Wrightsville Avenue, Suite 15, Wilmington, NC 28403. 11 pp plus tables, figures and app. (June
2013).
Meisburger, E.P., 1977. "Sand Resources on the Inner Continental Shelf of the Cape Fear
Region, N.C.," U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, CERC, Ft. Belvoir, VA, Misc. Report No. 77-1.
Olsen Associates, Inc. (2007a). "Bald Head Island, N.C., "Beach Restoration Project —
Sand Search Investigation". Olsen Associates, Inc., 2618 Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204.
40 pp plus app. (June 2007).
Olsen Associates, Inc. (2007b). "Bald Head Island, N.C., "Beach Restoration Project —
Analysis of Potential Impacts of Borrow Site to the Local Wave Climate". Olsen Associates, Inc.,
2618 Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204. 34 pp plus app. (December 2007).
Olsen Associates, Inc. (2013). "Analysis of Potential Impacts to Wave Climate from
Dredging the Offshore Borrow Area at Jay Bird Shoals, N.C." Olsen Associates, Inc., 2618
Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204. 26 pp plus app. (February 11, 2013).
Olsen Associates, Inc. (2016). "Bald Head Island, N.C., "Frying Pan Shoals, Sand Search
Investigation", Report prepared for Village of Bald Head Island. Olsen Associates, Inc., 2618
Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204. 38 pp plus app. (April 2016).
Olsen Associates, Inc. (August 2017). "Bald Head Island, N.C., "Jay Bird Shoals —Borrow
Site Re -Evaluation", Report prepared for Village of Bald Head Island. Olsen Associates, Inc., 2618
Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204.
October 2022 21 olsen associates, inc.

Olsen Associates, Inc. (August 2022). "Bald Head Island, N.C., "Beach Monitoring
Program Report No. 20 (May 2021 — April 2022)", Report prepared for Village of Bald Head
Island. Olsen Associates, Inc., 2618 Herschel Street, Jacksonville, FL 32204.
Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc. (2007). "An Archaeological Remote Sensing Survey
and Target Assessment on Jay Bird Shoal off Smith Island Channel, Cape Fear River, Brunswick,
County, North Carolina." Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc., P.O. Box 2494, Washington, NC
27889. 41 pp plus app (17 October 2022).
October 2022 22 olsen associates, inc.

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1. Article Addressed to:
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9590 9402 8104 2349 2669 48
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1. Article Addressed to: uu
Ckad, K r4.rtk ca-t f ETi
l �o� r25f�Wood Rai 54e
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9590 9402 8104 2349 2669 62
7020 2450 0001 5224 0666
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7020 45000015 240 9
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Your item was delivLared to an individual at the address at 12:42
pm on August 7, 2023 in WlNSTON SALEM, NG27104_
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Delivered, Left with Individual
-,'JINSTON SALEM. NC 27104
..ugust 7, 2023, 12:42 pm
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IGREENSEORO NC DISTRIBUTION CENTER
A-J. -ust 6, 2023: 4:13 am
Arrived at USPS Regional Facility
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ICHARLOTTE NC DISTRIBUTION CENTER
August 4, 2023, 11:41 pm
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IIMLMINGTON, NO 28403
August 4, 2023, 3:48 pm
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