NC0057193_Permit Issuance_19980921

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
September 21, 1998
Mr. Lance A. Ingram
Nantahala Outdoor Center
13077 Highway 19 West
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713-9114
AIT IFA
4 oig ��J
gro
NCDENR
Subject: NPDES Permit Issuance
Permit No. NCO057193
Nantahala Outdoor Center
Swain County
Dear Mr. Ingram:
In accordance with the application for discharge permit received on April 30, 1997, the Division is
forwarding herewith the subject state - NPDES permit. This permit is issued pursuant to the requirements of
North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 and the Memorandum of Agreement between North Carolina and
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency dated December 6, 1983.
The sample type for BODS, TSS, and NH3 has been modified from grab to'composite, so that a
more representative effluent sample can be collected .
If any parts, measurement frequencies or sampling requirements contained in this permit are
unacceptable to you, you have the right to an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30)
days following receipt of this letter. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to
Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the office of Administrative Hearings,
Post Office Drawer 27447, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7447. Unless such a demand is made, this permit
shall be final and binding.
Please take notice that this permit is not transferable. Part II, EA. addresses the requirements to be
followed in case of change in ownership or control of this discharge. This permit does not affect the legal
requirements to obtain other permits which may be required by the Division of Water Quality or permits
required by the Division of Land Resources,. Coastal Area Management Act, or any other Federal or Local
governmental permits may be required.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North .Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone]/FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact Jacquelyn M. Nowell at
telephone number [phone], extension 512.
Sincerely,
Original Sig,,,,
David A. Goodrich
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Central Files
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality
NPDES Unit, Permit File
Point Source Compliance/Enforcement Unit

Permit No. NCO057193
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
PERMIT
TO DISCHARGE WASTEWATER UNDER THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provision of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1,
other lawful standards and regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina
Environmental Management Commission, and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended,
Nantahala Outdoor Center
is hereby authorized to discharge wastewater from a facility located at
Nantahala Outdoor Center
13077 Hwy 19-West
Wesser
Swain County
to receiving waters designated as the Nantahala River in the Little Tennessee River Basin
in accordance with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in
Parts I; II, III, and IV hereof.
This permit shall become effective November 1, 1998
This permit and authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight on November 30, 2002
Signed this day September 22, 1998
Original Signed By
David A. Goodrich
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission

Permit No. NC0057193
SUPPLEMENT TO PERMIT COVER SHEET
Nantahala Outdoor Center
is hereby authorized to:
Continue to operate a 20,000 GPD package treatment plant consisting of coarse
screening, flow equalization, diffused air aeration, tube settler clarification, sludge
holding, tablet chlorination, dechlorination and continuous recording flow meter,
located at Nantahala Outdoor Center, on Highway 19 West, Wesser, Swain
County (See Part III, A. of this Permit);
2. Operate, after receiving an Authorization to Construct from the Division of Water
Quality, a 0.040 MGD wastewater treatment facility; and
3. Discharge from said treatment works at the location specified on the attached map
into the Nantahala River which is classified B-Trout waters in the Little
Tennessee River Basin.

N,
Latitude:35°20'02"
Longitude:83°35'30"
USGS Quad #:F4SE
River Basin #:040402
Receiving Stream:Nantahala River
Stream C1ass:B-Trout
Nantahala Outdoor Center
NC0057193
Swain County

A (1). EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS — FINAL @ 0.02 MGD Permit No. NC0057193
During the period beginning on the effective date of the permit and lasting until expansion above 0.02 MGD or expiration, the Permittee is authorized to
discharge from outfall(s) serial number 001. Such discharges shall be limited and monitored by the Permittee as specified below:
-EFFLUENT MTA CTERISTI�§
LIMITS
MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
Monthly
maSampleaiyaximumeasuremeneey
Average
Average
Frequency ..
Type
Location"
Flow
Continuous
Recording
I or
BOD5
30.0 mg/l
Weekly
composite
Total Suspended o i s
30.0 mg
mg
Weekly
omposi e
as
2/month
Composite
Fecalo i orm (geometric mean
m
m
ee y
ra
PH
ee y
Grab
Total Residual Chlorine
ug
wee
ra
Temperature °C
Weekly
Grab
Notes:
1 Sample Locations: E - Effluent, I - Influent
2 The pH shall not be less than 6.0 standard units nor greater than 9.0 standard units.
3 Monitoring requirement applies only if chlorine is added for disinfection.
There shall be no discharge of floating solids or visible foam in other than trace amounts.

A (2). EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS — FINAL @ 0.04 MGD
Permit No. NCO057193
During the period beginning upon expansion above 0.02 MGD and lasting until expiration, the Permittee is authorized to discharge from outfall(s) serial number
001. Such discharges shall be limited and monitored by the Permittee as specified below:
TORING REQUIREMENTS'
X ,
:We y ai y aximum easuremen amp e - Sample
t Average , Ar%erage Frequency, „ . Type or
on muous Recording I or
0
Temperature °C
Notes:
I Sample Locations: E - Effluent, I - Influent
2 The pH shall not be less than 6.0 standard units nor greater than 9.0 standard units.
3 Monitoring requirement applies only if chlorine is added for disinfection.
There shall be no discharge of floating solids or visible foam in other than trace amounts.

Permit No. NCO057193
Supplement to Effluent Limitations
And Monitoring Requirements
Special Conditions
A (3). Buffers
The wastewater treatment plant facility must be fifty (50) feet from State surface waters
in addition to the property boundary. These buffers must be met and documentation provided to
the Division of Water Quality before an Authorization to Construct will be issued.

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
- Division of Water -Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
October 5, 1998
Mr. Gary Bliss -
Bliss Products & Services, Inc.
P.O. Box 248
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713
e��
NCDENR
Subject: Permit Issuance
Nantahala Outdoor Center
NPDES Permit No. NCO0571939
Swain County
Dear Mr. Bliss:
The Division of Water Quality (Division) appreciates and acknowledges your
concern on the modification and expansion of the NPDES permit for the. Nantahala
Out Center. The Division is aware of many of the issues that were mentioned in your
letter and we share your desire for protection of this natural resource.
The Division staff conducted a thorough review of the Outdoor Center before
approval was recommended for the proposed permitting action, which consisted of an
expansion to 40,000 GPD. Additional information was requested relative to wastewater
treatment plant improvements that .must be made for the expansion. In addition, an
engineer's analysis for available options other than discharge to the Nantahala River had to
be provided by the facility prior to reviewing their request for expansion of this discharge.
Please know that the Division made every assurance that the stream would be protected if
the additional wasteflow was allowed. Water quality models predicted that the Nantahala
River would be able to accept the additional flow and still protect all the state water quality
standards. There are new conditions that have been added to the NPDES permit that will
allow better sampling of the effluent discharge and- a larger buffer area from the treatment
plant to the surface waters.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone]/FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Again, we thank you for your concern and ask that you continue to watch the
Nantahala River. It is through the conscientious efforts of citizens like you that we can
continue to protect our waters. Please report any problems you discover to the Division's
Asheville Regional Office at 828-251-6208 so that staff there can assist you. If you have
questions regarding this permitting action, please contact Ms. Jacquelyn Nowell at 919-
733-5083 ext. 512.
Sincerely,
jNP"�-A I ^at
alviA. Goodrich
DES Unit Supervisor
cc: Central Files
Asheville Regional Office
NPDES Unit

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BLISS PRODUCTS & SERVICES, INC.
P.0 Box 248
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713
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Permit Notes
NCO057193
Nantahala Outdoor Center is requesting modification of existing permit for expansion to
0.040 MGD. Discharges into the Nantahala River, classified as B-Trout, just upstream of
Fontana Lake. Permitted for 0.020 MGD with secondary limits, fecal coliform and
Chlorine of 28 µg/l. There has been much information exchange between the permittee,
consulting engineers, the NPDES Unit and the ARO in an effort to get the permit issued.
Chronology of 1996 Request for Permit Modification
8/9/96 - NPDES received application from Nantahala Outdoor Center for
expansion/modification from 20,000 to 40,000 GPD.
8/14/96 - S. Robson acknowledged the app and requested a WLA for permit modification
from 0.020 to 0.040 MGD.
9/19/96 - WLA finalized by F. Keough with secondary limits for 0.040 MGD. ARO
comments included: 1) dechlorination installed to comply with Cl limit. Also noted that
existing facility is seasonally loaded with erratic loadings. Extensive operator familiarity,
attention to details and process controls are the only way to have consistent compliance.
10/8/96 - ARO submitted staff report noting that additional information was needed for
the expansion to 40,000 MGD, including alternatives to discharge, justification for flow,
description of wasteflow, narrative description of proposed treatment works, and a site
plan showing location and necessary buffers.
10/16/96 - Letter requesting additional information as noted in staff report was sent to
Alan Mandrell of Nantahala Outdoor Center. Info to be received by November 27, 1996.
11/25/96 — Preliminary Engineering Report sent.
1/14/97- Return letter # 837 to applicant since additional info requested in 10/16/96 letter
was not received. (Original letter in file not sure it was sent or it was returned with
alternatives analysis.)
1/31/97- Letter noting the receipt of an alternatives analysis that the Division had
determined was incomplete. Alternatives analysis was returned for following reasons:
influent BOD levels excessive without explanation, flow data, non discharge options,
soils analysis, source of cost estimates, right of way issues, application rates, etc.
2/10/97 — Letter to Alan Mandrell noting return of alternatives analysis. Requesting
information in 1/31/97 letter be submitted to NPDES Unit by March 24, 1997 or
application would be returned as incomplete.
3/21/97 — Addendum to Preliminary Engineering Report sent.

Permit Notes
NCO057193
Page 2
Chronology of 1996 Request for Permit Modification (cont.)
4/8/97 — Memo to S. Robson from Paul White w/ comments on his review of the
Preliminary Engineering report and addendum to report dated 3/21/97. Some issues still
not resolved. Notes that he had talked to engineer of project on 4/7/97. M. McIntire also
reviewed reports and had some questions.
4/28/97 - Application submitted by permittee for renewal of permit only.
6/26/97 — Acknowledgement letter from M. Wiggins sent to Lance Ingram.
7/14/97 - Staff report received from ARO noting that a separate incomplete application
for 0.040 MGD had been submitted. Noted that details of proposed treatment had not
been provided. This staff report was for the request for 0.020 MGD renewal only.
9/3/97 — Permit noticed for renewal at 0.020 MGD only.
12/5/97 - ARO received factsheet from-M. Wiggins on renewal of Nantahala Outdoor
Center. ARO responded to renew at existing flow of 0.020 MGD and that needed
additional justification for increase to 0.040 MGD.
2/2/98 - Memo from Paul White to M. McIntire recommending issuance of the permit
with the modification to 40,000 GPD. Noted that a preliminary engineering report dated
1/23/98 justified the need for expansion. Memo noted that the wastewater treatment plant
must be 50 feet from the surface waters in addition to the property boundary addressed in
the report. The pond north of the treatment plant is within 50 feet of the proposed
facility. Recommended that these items be addressed in the cover letter to the applicant
that these buffers must be met and documentation must be provided before we will issue
anAtoC.
3/4/98 - J. Nowell received permit package for modification to 0.040 MGD. No new
application, trying to finalize this package.
Compliance review for 1997-1998: Only exceedance for BOD5 in 12/97. Average Qw
for 1997 was 0.116 MGD. All other limits were in compliance.
Model results at 0.040 MGD indicated that secondary limits will protect the
instream DO of 6 mg/1 for trout in the Nantahala River.
Will recommend secondary limits of BOD5 = 30 and TSS = 30 mg/1, Fecal =
200/100ml, and TRC = 28 ug/1 at the existing flow of 0.020 MGD and proposed flow
of 0.040 MGD.

Permit Notes
NCO057193
Page 3
This permit was noticed on July 17, 1998. There was one written comment received
from a citizen. A summary of the letter follows:
Mr Gary Bliss sent a letter in opposition to the expansion of Nantahala Outdoor
Center (NOC). He indicated that over the years, he has "watched the quality of our
water decline". He also mentioned seeing all sorts of garbage and evidence of
detergents, fertilizers, etc. being dumped into the stream. He asked that DWQ look at
decreasing what the NOC dumps now. Complimented DWQ by saying that we
usually try to do what's right but "our water quality ...must be improved".
Recommend issuance of Nantahala Outdoor Center with the expansion to 40,000
GPD. The upgraded treatment system should help improve the quality of effluent
being discharged.
A OCS-3-&
0.az6 Aj, 6;W

NC0057193 pemut modification
Subject: NCO057193 permit modification
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 1998 14:20:54 EDT
From: "Kerry Becker" <[e-mail]>
Reply -To: [e-mail]
Organization: Asheville Region of NCDENR
To: Jackie—[e-mail]
Jackie,
Nantahala Outdoor Center's permit went to notice on the 17th of
July. I just got a copy of it today from Keith, the reason being that
I will now be handling the stuff for Swain Co. Although the regs
allow grab samples for facilities up to 30,000 gallons/day, the NOC
needs to be collecting composite samples. They are having
problems at the plant and based on what I saw a couple of weeks
ago, it's too easy for them to sample in those moments of the day
when the effluent looks best. The Nantahala River is a heavily used
recreational area...I would like to see what real sample quality the
NOC is putting out.
Would it be easier to let it issue as it is and then modify the permit
afterward or to yank it now and re -notice it with the changes?
Kerry
1 of 1 8/25/98 11:09 AM

THE SMOKY MOUNTAIN TIMES
Bryson City, North Carolina
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
COUNTY OF SWAIN
I, PETE LAWSON, Publisher of THE SMOKY
MOUNTAIN TIMES, a newspaper published in
Swain County, NorthCarolina, in compliance with
Statutes G.S. 1-597 of North Carolina, as
amended in 1947 session of General Assembly,
being duly sworn, certify that the attached
advertisement of fDZ-kR C62vu'JR
L1J�li�c�JVy��iL CAAM03
was .a.,.ry publiS+reu rir urn aloresaild pdNCfi" fiil(;E
a week for consecutive weeks,
inning with the issue date:
RL Z3 191�
Pete Lawson,
(Owner, partner, Publisher or other employee authorized
to make the affidavit)
S to and subs "bed before me this
7�-
s
day of
19�JW_
Notary' bilc of Swain Count , yorth Carolina
My commission expires
No.
PUBLIC NOTICE
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
COMMISSION
POST OFFICE BOX 29535
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27626-0535
NOTIFICATION OF INTENT TO ISSUE A
STATE NPDES PERMIT
On the basis of thorough staff review and
application of Article 21 of Chapter 143,
General Statutes of North Carolina, Public
Law 92-500 and other lawful standards and
regulations, the North Carolina
Environmental Management Commission
proposes to issue a permit to discharge to
the persons listed below effective 8/31/98
and subject to special conditions. Persons
wishing to comment upon or object to the
proposed determinations are' invited to
submit same in writing to the above address
no later than 8/21/98. All comments
received prior to that date will be considered'
in the formulation of final determinations
regarding the proposed permit, A public
meeting may be held where the Director of
Environmental Management finds a
significant degree of public interest in a
proposed permit. A copy of the draft permit
is available by writino or callina the Division
of Environmental Management, P.O. Box
29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-
0535, [phone]. The application and
other information may be inspected at these
locations during normal office hours. Copies
of the information on file are available upon
request and payment of the costs of
reproduction. All such comments or
requests are available upon request and
payment of the costs of reproduction. All
such comments or requests regarding a
proposed permit should make reference to
the NPDES permit number listed below.
Date: July 17,1998
David A. Goodrich
for A. Preston Howard Jr., P.E., Director
Division of Environmental Management
Public notice of intent to issue a State'
NPDES permit to the following: j
1. NPDES No. NC0057193. Nantahala
Outdoor Center, 13077 Hwy 19 West,,
Bryson City, NC 28713-9114 has applied for,
a permit modification for a facility located at
the Nantahala Outdoor Center, 13077 Hwy
19 West, Wesser, Swain County. The
facility will discharge 0.04 MGD of treated
domestic wastewater from one outfall into
the Nantahala River, a Class B-Trout
stream in the Little Tennessee River Basin.
Total residual chlorine is water quality
limited. For some parameters, the available
bad capacity of the immediate receiving
water will be consumed. This may affect
future water quality based effluent
limitations for additional dischargers within
this portion of the watershed.
50 1tc No. 145

AFFIDAVIT OF PUBLICATION
BUNCOMBE COUNTY p
pss.
NORTH CAROLINA p
.PUBLIC NOTICE
STATE OF
NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
".' COMMISSION
' P.O. BOX 29535 '
RALEIGH, N.C.27626-0535
NOTIFICATION OF-'
INTENT TO ISSUE A
STATE NPDES PERMIT
On the basis 'of thorough
tion -of Article 21 of Chap-
ter 143' General Statutes of
North Carolina, . Public
Law 92-500 and other law-
ful standards and regula-
tions, the North_; Carolina
Environmental 4*anage-
ment Commission Propos-
es to issue a Permit to dis-
charge To the Persons list-
ed below effective 8/31/98
and subiectto special con-
ditions.-
Persons wishing to com-
ment upon or object To the
Proposed -determinations
are invited to submit same
in writing to the above ad-
dress no later than 8/21/98.
All comments -. received
Prior to that date will be
considered in the formula-
tion of :final • determina-
tions regarding .the Pro-
posed permit. .A Public
meeting ..may F be . -held
where the Director bf the
Division of Environmental
Management finds 'a sig-
nificant degree of public
interest in a Proposed Per.
A copy of the draft Permit .
Is available by writing or .I
calling the Division of En-
vironmental Management,
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27626-0535,
[phone].: };
The application and other
information aYnbe ln-
sPected at these locations
during normal office
hours. Copies of the infor-
mation on file are avail-
able upon request and pay-
ment of the costs of repro-
ductlon. All - such com- ;
ments or requests regard-
ing a Proposed permit
should make reference to
the NPDES Permit num-
ber listed below.:::r:
Date July 17, 1998
David A. Goodrich
for A. Preston Howard Jr.
P.E., Director
Division of
Environmental . Manage-
ment
Public notice of intent to
issue a State NPDES Per-
mit to the following:
Te Tennessee Valley Authori-
Ty, 1101 Market Street, LP,
5D, Chattanooga, --tTN
37402-2801 has applied for a
ttY located at Fontana Hy- t
dro Plant, off NC Highway
28, northeast of Fontana
Village aT Fontana Dam,
itY d s hargestsumPewater
water from sixo utfalls Into
Class GTroutestrReam in i
the Little Tennessee River
Basin. No parameters are
this
edischargel any affect
future allocations.
2. NPDES No. NC0027359.
Tennessee Valley Authori-
ty. i10.1 Market Street, LP
Before the undersigned, a Notary Public of said
County and State, duly commissioned, qualified
and authorized by law to administer oaths,
personally appeared GWENDOLYN TAYE
Who, being first duly sworn, deposes and says:
that he (she) is LEGAL Billing CLERK
of ASHEVILLE CITIZEN TIMES COMPANY,
engaged in publication of a newspaper known as
THE ASHEVILLE CITIZEN -TIMES
published, issued, and entered as second class
mail in the City of Asheville, in said County
and State; that he (she) is authorized to make
this affidavit and sworn statement; that the
notice or other legal advertisement, a true
copy of which is attached hereto, was published
in THE ASHEVILLE CITIZEN TIMES on the following
dates:July 20, 1998
and that at the said newspaper in which said
notice, paper, document or legal advertisemt
was published was, at the time of each and
every publication, a newspaper meeting all of
the requirements and qualifications of Section
1-597 of the General Statutes of North Carolina
and was qualified newspaper within the
meaning o Section 1-597 of the General
Statutes of North Carolina.
t4%/ ay,�61duly 1998
IlSignature of person making affidav
Sworn to and subscribed efore me
The 2,9th of July-,199/8-,
/ 7Notary Public)
My ommission expires: October 24, 2001

NPDES A
facility located lo} Hiwas.
see Hydro Plant, at the Hi-
wassee. Dom, West- Cherok e
County.;• The facility dis-
charges sump water and
from fivecoutfallsn intoathe
stream io lthe , Hlwassed
River Basin: No. Parame-
ters are water quality Jim.
ited,. but this; discharge
may affect fufure alloca-
tions. -
"wl~.
3. NPDES No. 'NC0027332.
Tennessee Valley Authori-
ty, i101 Market Street, LP
Ten, Chattanooga, nes-
see 274022-2801 has appl ed
facilityelocated ai Wal C atusa
Hydro Plant, southeast of
TheeSfacility �adischarges
station sump water and
from three outfalls into the
st eame InRlthe, Hiwassee
River Basin: No Parame-
ters are water quality lim-
ited,
may affectt futurhis e ._
4. NPDES No: N000B7193
Nantahala Outdoor Center,
13077 Hwy 19 West, Bryson
City, NC 28713-9114 has ap-
plied for a permit modifi-
cation for a facility located
at the Nantahala Outdoor
-enter, 13077 Hwy 19 West,
f le facility will discharge
1.04 MGD of treated do-
nV!t .-' wastewater; from
vier quality limited. For
3me • parameters,• the
vailable load capacity of
ie immediate receiving
ater will be consumed.
'is may affect future wa-
r quality based effluent
Cih aarggers ' wiihin't this
rtion of the watershed.
i36)

uirr or ine v -.
Mgmt finds a significant
1, degree of public interest in
a proposed permit.
A copy of the draft permit
is available by writing or
calling the Div of Env
Mgmt, PO Box 295351
Ra-
leigh, NC 27626-0535, (919)
733-7015.
The application & other `.
information may be in- ;
spected at these locations 1
during normal office
hours. Copies of the info on
file are available upon re-
quest & payment of the
costs of reproduction. All
such comments or re-
quests regarding a pro -
make
refeenceosednit to theulNPDES
permit number listed be-
low. -
Date September 3,1997
David A. Goodrich
A. Preston Howard, Jr.
P.E. Director
Division of
Environmental Mgmt
Public notice of intent to
issue a State NPDES per-
mit to the.following:
1. NPDES No. NCO074624.
Western Carolina Univer-
sity, Physical Plant, Cullo-
whee, NC 28733 has applied
for a permit renewal for a
facility located at the
Western Carolina Univer-
sity Water Plant, NCSR
1002, Cullowhee, Jackson
County. .The facility dis-
charges filter backwash
water from one outfall into
the Tuckasegee River, a
Class C-Trout stream in
the Little Tennessee River
Basin. No parameters are
water quality limited, but
this discharge may affect
future allocations.
2. NPDES No. NC0059200.
ITrillum Links & Village,
LLC has applied for a per-
mit renewal for a facility
located at the Trillium
links & Village (f/k/a Sig-
nal Ridge) on NCSR 1145,
north of Cashiers, Jackson
County. The facility dis-
charges 0.02 MGD expand-
ing to 0.04 MGD of treated '\ti
I domestic wastewater from
one outfall into unnamed
tributary to Thorpe Lake
Hurricane Creek, a Class
WS I I I and B stream in the
Little Tennessee River Ba- I
sin which has a 7Q10 flow
of 0.13 cfs. BODS, ammo-
nia and dissolved oxygen
are water quality limited.
For some parameters, the
available load capacity_ of
'the immediate receiving
water will be consumed.
This may affect future wa-
ter quality based effluent
limitations. for additional
I dischargers - within this
jI portion of the watershed.
i3. NPDES No. NC0057193.
Nantahala Outdoor Center,'
1307T Hwy: 19 West; Bry-
son City, NC 28713-9114 has
applied for a permit re-
newal for a facility located \',�N
at the Nantahala Outdoor %Y
Center,. 13077 HWY. 19
West, Wesser, Swain Coun.
ty. The facility discharges
0.02 MGD of treated do-
mestic wastewater from
one outfall into the Nan-
tahala River, a Class B-
Trout stream in the Little
Tennessee River Basin.
Total residual chlorine is
I water quality limited. For
some parameters, the
available load capacity of
i the immediate receiving
water will be consumed.
This may affect future wa-
ter quality based effluent
limitations for additional
dischargers within this
Portion of the watershed.
September 8, 1997 1
(7364)
dates: September 8, 1997.
and that the said newspapperr-.in which said
notice,
fpaper, document dal advertisement
,was published was, at the time of each and
every publication, a newspaper meeting all of
the requirements and qualifications of Section
1-597 of the General Statutes of North Carolina
and was a qualified newspaper within the
meaning of Section 1-597 of the General
Statutes of North Carolina.
This /29;th of '��ept/GV]Kq�r 1�97
L
of person making affidavit)
Sworn to and subscribed before me
The 2,9th of September 19i�7
1 I (Notary Public) .
My Commission expires: October 24, 2001

DENR/DWQ
FACT SHEET FOR NPDES PERMIT DEVELOPMENT N
NPDES No.
NCO057193
f
R gy9g $ gbgq 9....ng g q t §g
A iicant/Facilit , Name:
Nantahala Outdoor Center
Permitted Flow
0.020 MGD/0.040 MGD (expansion)
i'acili Class:
II
Facility/Permit Status:
(i.e. New, Modification,
Existing or Renewal
Modification
Swain
Stirewn Characteristic,'
Receiving Stream
Nantahala River
Stream Classificatiori
B-Trout
Subbasin
04-04-02
Drainage Area (mi2):
164
Summer 7Q 10 (cfs)
85.2
Winter 7Q10 (cfs):
122.3
Average Flow (cfs):
516
IWC
10.08
Regional Office:
Asheville
USGS To o Quad:
F4SE
Wasteload Allocation Summary
**See attached notes.
Changes Incorporated into Permit Renewal

DENR/DWQ
FACT SHEET +'.T F.OR NPDES PERMIT I)EVELOPMENT
:NPDES No. NC0057193
Proposed Schedule for Permit Issuance
Draft Permit to Public Notice: 7/15/98
Permit Scheduled to Issue: 8/31/98
State Contact
If you have any questions on any of the above information or on the attached permit,
please contact Jacquelyn M. Nowell at [phone] ext. 512.
Copies of the following are attached to provide further information on the permit
development:
• Draft permit
NPDES Recommendation by: Date:
Regional Office Comments
Regional Recommendation by: Date: < 1? l " 9e
Reviewed By:
Regional Supervisor: Date: 2
NPDES Unit: Date: J�

Permit Notes
NCO057193
Nantahala Outdoor Center is requesting modification of existing permit for expansion to
0.040 MGD. Discharges into the Nantahala River, classified as B-Trout, just upstream of
Fontana Lake. Permitted for 0.020 MGD with secondary limits, fecal coliform and
Chlorine of 28 µg/l. There has been much information exchange between the permittee,
consulting engineers, the NPDES Unit and the ARO in an effort to get the permit issued.
Chronology of 1996 Request for Permit Modification
8/9/96 - NPDES received application from Nantahala Outdoor Center for
expansion/modification from 20,000 to 40,000 GPD.
8/14/96 - S. Robson acknowledged the app and requested a WLA for permit modification
from 0.020 to 0.040 MGD.
9/19/96 - WLA finalized by F. Keough with secondary limits for 0.040 MGD. ARO
comments included: 1) dechlorination installed to comply with Cl limit. Also noted that
existing facility is seasonally loaded with erratic loadings. Extensive operator familiarity,
attention to details and process controls are the only way to have consistent compliance.
10/8/96 - ARO submitted staff report noting that additional information was needed for
the expansion to 40,000 MGD, including alternatives to discharge, justification for flow,
description of wasteflow, narrative description of proposed treatment works, and a site
plan showing location and necessary buffers.
10/16/96 - Letter requesting additional information as noted in staff report was sent to
Alan Mandrell of Nantahala Outdoor Center. Info to be received by November 27, 1996.
11/25/96 — Preliminary Engineering Report sent.
1/14/97- Return letter # 837 to applicant since additional info requested in 10/16/96 letter
was not received. (Original letter in file not sure it was sent or it was returned with
alternatives analysis.)
1/31/97- Letter noting the receipt of an alternatives analysis that the Division had
determined was incomplete. Alternatives analysis was returned for following reasons:
influent BOD levels excessive without explanation, flow data, non discharge options,
soils analysis, source of cost estimates, right of way issues, application rates, etc.
2/10/97 — Letter to Alan Mandrell noting return of alternatives analysis. Requesting
information in 1/31/97 letter be submitted to NPDES Unit by March 24, 1997 or
application would be returned as incomplete.
3/21/97 — Addendum to Preliminary Engineering Report sent.

Permit Notes
NCO057193
Page 2
Chronology of 1996 Request for Permit Modification (cont.)
4/8/97 — Memo to S. Robson from Paul White w/ comments on his review of the
Preliminary Engineering report and addendum to report dated 3/21/97. Some issues still
not resolved. Notes that he had talked to engineer of project on 4/7/97. M. McIntire also
reviewed reports and had some questions.
4/28/97 - Application submitted by permittee for renewal of permit only.
6/26/97 — Acknowledgement letter from M. Wiggins sent to Lance Ingram.
7/14/97 - Staff report received from ARO noting that a separate incomplete application
for 0.040 MGD had been submitted. Noted that details of proposed treatment had not
been provided. This staff report was for the request for 0.020 MGD renewal only.
9/3/97 — Permit noticed for renewal at 0.020 MGD only.
12/5/97 - ARO received factsheet from M. Wiggins on renewal of Nantahala Outdoor
Center. ARO responded to renew at existing flow of 0.020 MGD and that needed
additional justification for increase to 0.040 MGD.
2/2/98 - Memo from Paul White to M. McIntire recommending issuance of the permit
with the modification to 40,000 GPD. Noted that a preliminary engineering report dated
1/23/98 justified the need for expansion. Memo noted that the wastewater treatment plant
must be 50 feet from the surface waters in addition to the property boundary addressed in
the report. The pond north of the treatment plant is within 50 feet of the proposed
facility. Recommended that these items be addressed in the cover letter to the applicant
that these buffers must be met and documentation must be provided before we will issue
an A to C.
3/4/98 - J. Nowell received permit package for modification to 0.040 MGD. No new
application, trying to finalize this package.
Compliance review for 1997-1998: Only exceedance for BOD5 in 12/97. Average Qw
for 1997 was 0.116 MGD. All other limits were in compliance.
Model results at 0.040 MGD indicated that secondary limits will protect the
instream DO of 6 mg/1 for trout in the Nantahala River.
Will recommend secondary limits of BOD5 = 30 and TSS = 30 mg/l, Fecal =
200/100ml, and TRC = 28 ug/1 at the existing flow of 0.020 MGD and proposed flow
of 0.040 MGD.

• -37/09/1998 14:33
PAGE 01
Post•ir Fax Now 76711
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Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
ME,E,MORANi UM
TO:
TIdROUC-14 -
FROM:
WATER QUALITY SECTION
February 2, 1990
Mark McIntire
NFDES Group
Forrest R. Westall
Water Quality Regional
NCDENR
NcATH CAROUwA DEPARTMENT OF
ENy1RQNMENT AND NAIURA6 RmsouRcE3
W
supervisor
Paul R. White) P. E. f~tAl
Environmental Engineezl
SUBJECT: Nantahala Outdoor Center
Application for expansion to 40,000 gpd
Alternatives Analysis IZevissions dated 1/23/98
NPDES Permit No. NCO057193
Swain County
1 have reviewed the Preliminary Engineering.Report for
Nantahaia Outdoor Center dated 1/23/98 and have the following
comments:
1. The report adequately justifies the need for 40,000 gpd.
Figure 3n conflicts with the text on the projected annual
number of guests in the year 2016. The value given in the
text' more reasonable, being lower possibly due to
discounting the low number of guests in 1986. This value
wao used in the calculations.
2. The wastewater treatment plant must be 50 feet. from
,aurface waters in addition to the property boundary
addressed in the report, The pond north of the existing
treatment plant is within 50 feet of the proposed facility.
The applicant should be informed in the cover letter with
the permit modification that these buffers must be met and
documentation must be provided before we will issue an
AuttlorizAtion to Conotruct .
3. The recommended option of adding additional treatment is
superior to the other options Ptudied, due to cost and the
fact. the oil -site options would leave the existing treatment
plane discharging at current loadings.
Aside from the issue of the request for expansion of the
permitted flaw, the Asheville Regional Office has for a number of
59 woodfin Flooe, Asheville, North Carolina 28001
Telophona 704-251-62019 Fax [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Afflrmatiyo Action Employer

407/09/1998 14:33 4 PAGE 62
Mark McIntire
February 2, 1998
Page Two
years recommended to the Nantahala Outdoor Centex that additional
treatment and diaposal facilities be provided to reduce the load
on the existing wastewater treatment plant. The existing
treatment facility is very operator intensive. The additional
facilities will add reliability and greater compliance
consistency.
A staff report for the expansion was completed October s,
1996, a copy of which is enclosed. Concerns raised in this staff
report have been addressed by the recent.engineering report. A
staff report was also completed July 8, 1997, which only
addressed renewal of the permit, which was handled by Mack
Wiggins.
it is recommended that the permit modification be sent to
public notice with intent to lasue.
If you have any questions, please call.

SOC PRIORITY PROJECT:
IF YES, SOC NUMBER
TO: PERMITS AND ENGINEERING UNIT
WATER QUALITY SECTION
ATTENTION: Mack Wiggins
DATE: July 8, 1997
NPDES STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
COUNTY : Swain
PERMIT NUMBER NCO057193
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
Yes No XX
1. Facility and Address: Nantahala Outdoor Center
Mailing: 13077 Hwy 19 West
Bryson City, NC 28713
2. Date of Investigation: June 26, 1997
3. Report Prepared By; Paul R. White
4. Persons Contacted and Telephone Number: Lance Ingram
704-488-2175
5. Directions to Site: Located on the opposite side of
the Nantahala River from Hwy 19 at Wesser, 100 yds
downstream of bridge for SR 1180.
G. Discharge Point(s), List for all discharge points:
Latitude: 350 19' 59" Longitude: 830 35' 30"
Attach a USGS map extract and indicate treatment facility site and
discharge point on map.
U.S.G.S. Quad No. F4SE
U.S.G.S. Quad Name Wesser
7. Site size and expansion area consistent with application?
_ Yes _X No If No, explain: Site is limited for expansion in
two directions. A site visit indicated that the existing
treatment plant is adjacent to a property boundary.
Page 1

8. Topography (relationship to flood plain included): Site is
adjacent to flood plain of Nantahala River.
9. Location of nearest dwelling: >100 feet.
10. Receiving stream or affected surface waters: Nantahala River
a. Classification: B-Trout
b. River Basin and Subbasin No.: Little Tennessee 04-04-02
C. Describe receiving stream features and pertinent downstream
uses: The watershed is primarily forested, with much of the
area in National Forest.- The upper portion of the river,
including Nantahala Lake is classified as ORW. Flow is
diverted from Nantahala Lake to a power plant at Beechertown.
Although this section is largely dewatered, it functions as a
headwater stream, with cold water, scenic waterfalls and
pools supporting a trout fishery. Heavy rainfall events
support a challenging steep creek run for whitewater boaters.
Although this is the: most scenic section of the river, it was
not considered to meet ORW qualifications due to desiccation
zones on either side of the permanent wetted channel and cold
temperatures from the water discharged from the lake.
From Beechertown to Fontana Lake, the river flows through the
gorge section, which is used for primary recreational
activities by several hundred thousands of boaters annually..
These include private boaters as well as on an organized
basis by a number of rafting companies. The B classification
is supported by the rivers use for swimming, river rescue and
boating clinics, and the use of all types of water craft from
small inflatables to whitewater canoes and kayaks. Body
contact occurs both in sections with class II and III
whitewater as well as in the calmer sections and in Fontana
Lake.
Below the Nantahala Outdoor Center discharge point, the river
is.flooded by Fontana Lake for much of the year, although the
annual drawdown exposes the river channel to as far down as
Hwy 28, approximately 4 miles downstream. This section is
also utilized for boating, swimming, and fishing at all water
levels.
Other uses included fish and wildlife propagation, fishing,
and irrigation water source.
PART II - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
1. a. Volume of wastewater to be permitted (.Ultimate
Design Capacity).0.020 mgd
Page 2

b. What is the current permitted capacity of the Wastewater
Treatment facility? 0.020 mgd
C. Actual treatment capacity of the current facility (current
design capacity 0.020 mgd
d. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous
Authorizations to Construct issued in the previous two years:
none
e. Please provide a description of existing or substantially
constructed wastewater treatment facilities: Existing
facilities consist of a 20,000 gpd Aer-o-mod package
treatment plant with the following components:
Coarse screening - manually -cleaned
Flow equalization - 20,000,gal. with 2 lift pumps
Aeration - 20,000 gal. diffused air
Clarification - one Aer-o-mod tube settler
Sludge holding - (2) 4000 gal each
Disinfection - tablet chlorination
Dechlorination - tablet feeder
Flow measurement - continuous recording
f. Please provide a description of proposed wastewater treatment
facilities: An incomplete application has been submitted for
expansion to 0.040 mgd. Details of proposed treatment have not
been provided.
g. Possible toxic impacts to surface waters: chlorine, ammonia,
cleaning chemicals.
h. Pretreatment Program (POTWs only): n/a
in development approved
should be required not needed
2. Residuals handling and utilization/disposal scheme: septage
hauler to POTW
a. If residuals are being land applied, please specify DWQ
Permit'Number
Residuals Contractor
Telephone Number
b. Residuals stabilization: PSRP PFRP OTHER
C. Landfill:
d. Other disposal/utilization scheme (Specify):
3. Treatment plant classification (attach rating sheet): Il
4. SIC Codes(s): 5812, 7011
Primary 10 Secondary 13
Main Treatment Unit Code: 0607
Page 3

PART III - OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION
1. Is this facility being constructed with Construction Grant Funds
or are any public monies involved. (municipals only)? no
2. Special monitoring or limitations (including toxicity) requests:
none
3. Important SOC, JOC, or Compliance Schedule dates: (Please
indicate) n/a
Date
Submission of Plans and Specifications
Begin Construction
Complete Construction
4. Alternative Analysis Evaluation: Has the facility evaluated all
of the non -discharge options available. Please provide regional
perspective for each option evaluated.
Spray Irrigation: steep topography, not viable
Connection to Regional Sewer System: none available
Subsurface: might be used for individual cabin units to decrease
the size of the necessary expansion.
Other disposal options:
5. Other Special Items:
PART IV - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A separate incomplete application has been submitted for expansion to
0.040 mgd. This staff report is in response to the request for renewal
of the 0.020 mgd permit only. It is recommended that the permit be
renewed as requested.
11
iw I ka"
Signature of Report Preparer
Water Quality Regional Supervisor
`49
Da
Page 4

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SUMMER
MODEL RESULTS
Discharger
NANTAHALA OUTDOOR
CENTER
Receiving Stream
NANTAHALA RIVER
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The End D.O.
is 8.25
mg/l.
The End CBOD
is 1.98
mg/l.
The End NBOD
----------------------------------------------------------------------
is 1.02
mg/l.
WLA
WLA
WLA
DO Min
CBOD
NBOD
DO Waste Flow
(mg/1)
Milepoint Reach
# (mg/1)
(mg/1)
(mg/1) (mgd)
Segment 1
------
7.71
----------------
0.00 1
----
----
-- ----------
Reach 1
45.00
90.00
0.00 0.04000

*** MODEL SUMMARY DATA ***
Discharger : NANTAHALA OUTDOOR CENTER Subbasin : 040402
-Receiving Stream : NANTAHALA RIVER Stream Class: B TROUT
Summer 7Q10 : 85.2 Winter 7Q10 : 122.3
Design Temperature: 23.0
ILHlft/EIVELfSTY DEPTH °°
mile mPI Idesignj 0
20idesigni @20�designl
------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------
Segment 1 I 1.001 20.001 0.932 1 2.47 1 0.38 1 0.33 117.51 1 16.40 0.63 1
Reach 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
t
Flow
CBOD
cfs
I mg/l
Segment 1
Reach 1
Waste
0.062
45.000
Headwaters
85.200
2.000
Tributary
0.000
2.000
* Runoff
0.000
2.000
* Runoff flow is in cfs/mile
NBOD D.O.
mg/l mg/l
90.000
0.000
1.000
7.720
1.000
7.720
1.000
7.720

SUMMER
Seg #
Reach #
Seg Mi I
D.O. I
CBOD I
NBOD
Flow
1
1
0.00
7.71
2.03
1.06
85.26
1
1
0.10
7.80
2.03
1.06
85.26
1
1
0.20
7.88
2.02
1.06
85.26
1
1
0.30
7.94
2.02
1.05
85.26
1
1
0.40
8.00
2.01
1.05
85.26
1
1
0.50
8.06
2.01
1.04
85.26
1
1
0.60
8.10
2.00
1.04
85.26
1
1
0.70
8.15
2.00
1.03
85.26
1
1
0.80
8.19
1.99
1.03
85.26
1
1
0.90
8.22
1.99
1.03
85.26
1
1
1.00
8.25
1.98
1.02
85.26
Seg #
Reach #
Seg Mi
D.O.
CBOD
NBOD I
Flow

Residual Chlorine
Ammonia as NH3
(summer)
7Q10 (CFS)
85.2
7Q10 (CFS)
85.2
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.04
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.04
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.062
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.062
STREAM STD (UG/L)
17.0
STREAM STD (MG/L)
1.0
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL (
0
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL
0.22
IWC (%)
0.07
IWC (%)
0.07
Allowable Concentration (ug
23378.29
Allowable Concentration (rr
1072.87
Ammonia as NH3
(winter)
7Q10 (CFS)
122.3
Fecal Limit
200/100ml
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.04
Ratio of 1374.2 :1
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.062
STREAM STD (MG/L)
1.8
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL
0.22
IWC (%)
0.05
Allowable Concentration (rr 3118.48
JMN NC00.O f i 3 2/18/98

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
A'0�1'
DEHNR
Asheville Regional Office WATER QUALITY SECTION
TO:
THROUGH:
14.910709
April 8, 1997
Susan Robson
NPDES Group
Forrest R. Westall 4)0 f&'
Water Quality Regional Supervisor
Paul R. White, P. E.4)v'
Environmental Engineer
SUBJECT: Nantahala Outdoor Center
Alternatives Analysis
NPDES Permit No. NC57193
Swain County
I have reviewed the Preliminary Engineering Report and the
addendum to the report dated March 21, 1997. The following are
my comments as we discussed Friday, corresponding to the items
requested in the January 31, 1997 letter from Preston Howard:
1. Influent sample results provided in the addendum verify
high strength wastewater.
2. The trend analysis and other data supports increases in
wastewater usage, but specific projections should be
provided indicating the number and type of facilities
planned so that corresponding wastewater flows can be
derived. Increases in historical annual flow could be
attributed to increases in usage during fall, winter, and
spring, which does not necessarily require more treatment
plant capacity. However, increases during the months of
June, July, and August over the previous 10 years show a
similar pattern of growth. A straight line projection may
not be appropriate since the flow figures for the last few
years seem to indicate that usage of existing facilities may
be approaching saturation.
3. Specific cost comparison is needed for the option of
utilizing existing land for wastewater disposal as opposed
to using it for development. Lower cost associated with the
on -site option may offset the lost revenue from any
development which is prevented by the on -site disposal
option.
Interchange Building, 59 Woodfin Place 106 FAX [phone]
Asheville, North Carolina 28801 N'i� C An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer
Voice 704-251-6208 FPS5046 recycles/10°k post -consumer paper

Susan Robson
April 8, 1997
Page Two
4. An application rate is needed from which to derive the
land area required and therefore the cost. Aside from on -
site soils testing by a soils scientist, this may be
satisfied in two ways, (1) Use a Abest case@ approach, and
if this option is still significantly more expensive, this
alternative is dropped from consideration, or (2) Use an
application rate from another piece of property which is
shown to be similar in slope and soil type.
5. Sources of cost estimates are provided.
G. The connection to Bryson City is not economically
feasible according to the information already provided. No
further information is needed on this option.
The use of subsurface systems should be investigated to
avoid plant expansion and to receive the pressure on the
wastewater treatment plant during peak periods.
The above items have been discussed with the engineer, Mr.
Victor Lofquist, on April 7, 1997, but a letter of response from
the Raleigh office would be appropriate.
Aside from the issue of the request for expansion of the
permitted flow, the Asheville Regional Office has for a number of
years recommended to the Nantahala Outdoor Center that additional
treatment and disposal facilities be provided to reduce the load
on the existing wastewater treatment plant.
If you have any questions, please call.

Q,._ I -a }-b
��Cj �
P
kCA-A��
J ��� `rg. VIA Q.. W

Employee Owned
David A. Goodrich
Permits and Engineering Unit
Division of Water Quality/WQ Section
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Subject: Renewal of NPDES Permit No. NCO057193
Swain County
Dear Mr. Goodrich:
Please accept this letter as request for renewal of the
aforementioned NPDES permit. Included are the completed
application form with copies and the processing fee of
$200.00.
In response to the questions in your letter regarding our
wastewater plant:
Primary Industries: the inflow to our plant is 100% domestic
in nature.
New Facilities: no new facilities have been constructed.
Sludge Management Plan: We currently have arrangements with
the town of Frankin North Carolina to accept our waste
sludge.The sludge is hauled by a septic management firm
recommended by the town manager.The permit number of the
carrier is NCS00220
I hope you find this letter and inclosed information
complete and to your satisfaction.If you have any further
questions please do not hesitate to contact me at (704)488-
2175.
For lan M dr 11, Sincerely,
`' 7
w
a
a L ce A. Ingram
w W ter Systems Operator, N.O.C.
U
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cc
ti
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Ct
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13077 Highway 19 West, Bryson City, N.C. 28713-9114 • [phone] • FAX [phone]

Staff Review and Evaluation
1'gNP DES Wastewater Permit
FACILITY INFORMATION
Facility l,Tantahala Outdoor Center, Inc.
Tl'OS izTc,. NC'0057193
Facility Class Il
STREAM CHARACTERISTICS
Stream Name
Nantahala River
Stream Class
B-Trout
Sub -basin
040402
Drainage Area (miz)
164
S7Q10(cfs)
85.2
W7Q10 (cfs)
122.3
30Q2 (cfs)
177.7
IWC (%)
0.04
Limitation Total Residual Chlorine per regulations for trout streams
Compliance Schedule: none
Special Condition(s): . none
Permits & Engineering Comments:
This is a permit renewal for a discharge of 0.02 MGD of domestic wastewater. This facility recently
applied for modification to expand to 0.040 MGD. The modification has not been granted. Within the
past twenty four months this facility had violations of BODS, TSS and Fecal Coliform. Permits and
Engineering will recommend existing limitations at 0.020 MGD with monitoring reflective of a class II
facility. Upgrade may be neccessary fos this facility to meet effluent limitations consistently.
Regional Office Evaluation and Recommendations: ( n
new a. 2�� 5� i hw t- /off, /(/� ea��� � Ana l ^ust� �Ca

Permit Summary
NCO057193
This is a permit renewal for a discharge of 0.02 MGD of domestic
wastewater. This facility recently applied for an AtoC to expand to 0.040
MGD. The AtoC has not been granted. Within the past twenty four
months this facility had violations of Bod5, Tss and Fecal Coliform.
Permits and Engineering will recommend existing limitations at 0.020
MGD with monitoring reflective of a class II facility. Expansion may be
neccessary for this facility to consistantly meet effluent limitations. Region
please address.

NCO057193
Residual Chlorine
Ammonia as NH3
(summer)
7Q10 (CFS)
85.2
7Q10 (CFS)
85.2
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.02
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.02
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.031
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.031
STREAM STD (UG/L)
17.0
STREAM STD (MG/L)
1.0
UPS BACKGROUND LEVE
0
UPS.BACKGROUND LEVI
0.22
IWC (%)
0.04
IWC (%)
0.04
Allowable Concentration (
46739.58
Allowable Concentration 2144.74
Ammonia as NIi3
(winter)
7Q10 (CFS)
122.3
Fecal Limit
Vot Required
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
0.02
Ratio of 2748.4 :1
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
0.031
STREAM STD (MG/L)
1.8
UPS BACKGROUND LEVI
0.22
IWC (%)
0.03
Allowable Concentration 6235.15
0

10,37 APR 09, 1997 ID: NC - DEHNR ASHEVILL TEL NO: 704-251-6452 #21697 PAGE: 2/3
WATER QUALITY SECTION
April 8, 1997
wwmr)R&mnnm
TO: Susan Robson
NPDES Group
TIIROUGII: Forrest R. Westall
Water Quality Regional Supervisor
FROM: Paul R: White, P. E.
Environmental
Engineer
SUBJECT: Nantahala Outdoor Center
Alternatives Analysis
NPDES Permit No. NC57193
Swain County
I have reviewed the Preliminary Enqineerinq Report and the
addendum to the report dated March 21, 1997. The following are
my comments as we discussed Friday, corresponding to the items
requested in the January 31, 1997 letter from Preston Howard:
1. Influent sample results provided in the addendum verify
high strength wastewater.
2. The trend analysis and other data supports increases in
wastewater usage, but specific projections should be
provided indicating the number and type of facilities
planned so that corresponding wastewater flows can be
derived. Increases in historical annual flow could be
attributed to increases in usage during fall, winter, and
spring, which does not necessarily require more treatment
plant capacity. However, increases during the months of
June, July, and Auqust over the previous 10 years show a
similar pattern of growth. A straight line projection may
not be appropriate since the flow figures for the last few
years seem to indicate that usage of existing facilities may
be approachinq saturation.
3. Specific cost comparison is needed for the option of
utilizing existing land for wastewater disposal as opposed
to using it for development. Lower cost associated with the

10:39 APR 09, 1997 ID: NC - DEHNR ASHEVILL TEL N4: 704-251-6452 021697 PAGE: 3/3
on -site option may offset the lost revenue from any
development which is prevented by the on -site disposal
option.
Susan Robson
April 8, 1997
Page Two
4. An application rate is needed from which to derive the
land area required and therefore the cost. Aside from on -
site soils testing by a soils scientist, this may be
satisfied in two ways, (1) Use a "best case" approach, and
if this option is still significantly more expensive, this
alternative is dropped from consideration, or (2) Use an
application rate from another piece of property which is
shown to be similar in slope and soil type.
5. Sources of cost estimates are provided.
6. The connection to Bryson City is not economically
feasible according to the information already provided. No
further information is needed on this option.
The use of subsurface systems should be investigated to
avoid plant expansion and to receive the pressure on the
wastewater treatment plant during peak periods.
The above items have been discussed with the engineer, Mr.
Victor Lofquist, on April 7, 1997, but a letter of response from
the Raleigh office would be appropriate.
Aside from the issue of the request for expansion of the
permitted flow, the Asheville Regional Office has for a number of
years recommended to the Nantahala Outdoor Center that additional
treatment and disposal facilities be provided to reduce the load
on the existing wastewater treatment plant.
If you have any questions, please call.

8508
Facility Name:
Nantahala Outdoor Center
NPDES No.:
NC0057193
Type of Waste:
100 % Domestic
Facility Status:
Existing
Permit Status:
Renewal
Receiving Stream:
Nantahala River
Stream Classification:
B - Trout
Subbasin:
04-04-02
County:
Swain
Regional Office:
Asheville
Topo Quad:
F 4 SE
Requested by:
Robson
Request Date:
8 / 15 / 96
Stream Characteristic:
USGS #
Date:
1996
Drainage Area (mi2):
164
Summer 7Q10 (cfs):
85.2
Winter 7Q10 (cfs):
122.3
Average Flow (cfs):
516
30Q2 (cfs):
177.7
IWC (%):
0.07 %
1983: modeled w/ 30 / 30, 200 fecal, 6 - 9 pH, and 1.0 mg/I residual chlorine recommended for flows of 0.010, 0.020, and 0.030 mgd.
1988: renewed w/ existing limits and residual chlorine of 0.5 mg/I [Daily Average] and 0.75 mg/I [Daily Maximum]
This facility has requested an expansion from 0.020 mgd up to 0.040 mgd. Because of the high 7Q10 and slopes in this
waterbody, the modeling analysis indicates continued secondary treatment would be required. Also, a 28 µg/I residual
chlorine limit should be applied, (as a fecal coliform limit already exists in permit and this is a trout water classified
receiving stream)
note that facility had many violations in 1990 and 1991.

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Mr. Alan Mandrell
Nantahala Outdoor Center, Inc.
13077 Highway 19 West
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713
Dear Mr. Mandrell:
A4
00
AdEMMM111000K IL
C)EHNR
January 31, 1997
Subject: NPDES Permit NCO057193
Alternatives Analysis
Swain County
On December 2, 1996, the Division of Water Quality received an alternatives analysis for
the subject facility. The Division has reviewed this document and determined that it is incomplete.
For the following reasons, and in accordance with the Division's policy, we must hereby return the
alternatives analysis package:
• Influent BOD levels: The levels of influent BOD are far above any expected values for a
domestic treatment system. No explanation for the excessive influent BOD concentration was
given. The source of this high BOD loading must be investigated prior to any further analysis.
• Flow data: The data submitted for flow do not support expansion of the permitted flow limit.
The data fluctuates from month -to -month as well as year-to-year. There is no consistent
increase in flow over time. The sources of increased flow rates, such as inflow/infiltration,
lack of flow restricting devices in restrooms and other areas, other facilities which may have
been allowed access to the treatment system, need to be evaluated.
• In the sections evaluating non -discharge, options, such as spray irrigation and subsurface
disposal, the statements were made that the company would be restricted from future expansion
if the additional land is used for these options. What expansions does the facility anticipate in
the future, and how would the use of non -discharge disposal of treated wastewater preclude
such. expansions?
• Additionally, under non -discharge options, the evaluation should include a soil scientist's
report on soil characteristics. This report should include, but not be limited to:
1. Soil texture
2. Soil structure
3. Soil permeability
4. Description of soil horizons to 48 inches
5. A copy of field notes and boring log information
6. A soils map overlain on a topographic map
7. Soil loading rate recommendations
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

NPDES Permit NC0057193
Alternatives Analysis
Page 2 of 2
For all of the options where components are analyzed and itemized, the costs of those
components and plans must be referenced. What is the source of those cost estimates?
• For all options evaluated, certain issues were not properly addressed. For instance, the report
stated that the "NC DOT typically discourages utility installations..."(page 11) and "...a typical
application rate of 1.5 inches per week was assumed..." (page 28). Issues regarding right-of-
way and application rates should be thoroughly investigated for this site.
You will need to resubmit an application package with items that properly address the
comments as stated in this letter before the Division can complete its evaluation of your initial
request for permitted flow expansion. The receipt of the above information does not preclude this
Division from requesting additional information at a future date.
If you have any questions, please contact Susan Robson at [phone], ext. 551.
Res ectf illy, _
. Preston Howard, J ., P.E.
i
cc: Central Files
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Permits and Engineering Unit

State of North Carolina WMA,
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources •
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary p E H N F=?L
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
January 14, 1997
Mr. Alan Mandrell
Nantahala Outdoor Center, Inc.
13077 Highway 19 West
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713
Subject: Return Number 837
NPDES Permit NCO057193
Request for permit modification
Swain County
Dear Mr. Mandrell:
On August 9, 1996, the Division of Water Quality received a request for a permit
modification for the subject facility. On October 16, 1996, the Division sent you a letter requesting
additional information. This information was to be submitted to our offices by November 27,
1996. As of the date of this letter, the information has not been received.
The submittal is considered incomplete. Therefore, the Division of Water Quality is
returning your submittal. The following pieces of information were not received:
X An environmental and economic alternatives analysis describing all possible alternatives to this
discharge;
X A specific justification for the need for additional flow;
X A description of the origin, type and flow of wastewater that is proposed, and
X A site plan showing the location of the proposed treatment works and the necessary buffers.
You will need to resubmit an application package with items as indicated above. The
receipt of the above information does not preclude this Division from requesting additional
information at a future date. Enclosed please find the application materials submitted. Application
fees are non-refundable according to North Carolina Administrative Code 15A NCAC 2H .0105
(b)(1). Discharging additional without a valid NPDES permit is illegal and will be subject to a civil
penalty of up to $10,000/day of operation.
If you have any questions, please contact Susan Robson at [phone], ext. 551.
Res ectfull/y,
Preston Howard, J ., P.E.
cc: Central Files
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Permits and Engineering Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
"'4
�EHNF=?L
February 10, 1997
Mr. Alan Mandrell
Nantahala Outdoor Center, Inc.
13077 Highway 19 West
Bryson City, North Carolina 28713
Subject: NPDES Application
Permit Modification Request
Permit: NCO057193
Swain County
Dear Mr. Mandrell:
The Division of Water Quality has returned to you the alternatives analysis submitted
to us by WK Dickson. In the letter accompanying the analysis documents, we outlined
several concerns and discrepancies that need to be addressed before we can complete our
review. This information is required to be submitted to our offices no later than March 24,
1997.
If we do not receive this information by March 24, 1997, the Division will return your
application as incomplete. If you have questions regarding this matter, please contact
Susan Robson at [phone], ext. 551.
Sincerely,
David Goodrich
Supervisor, NPDES Group
cc: Central Files
Permits and Engineering Unit
Asheville Regional Office
Victor Lofquist, P.E.
WK Dickson
959 Meriimon Avenue
Asheville, North Carolina 28804
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

�Coo57/93
� yip �
� yao.o0
WK
DICKSON
August 2, 1996
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Engineers Permits and Engineering Unit
Planners
Surveyors Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0 535
Re: Nantahala Outdoor Center
NPDES Permit Modification Request
NPDES Permit No. NCO057193
Swain County, North Carolina
WKD #96319.40
Please find enclosed a NPDES permit modification request for the above listed facility
consisting of the following items:
1. Three signed copies of the permit application (Short Form D)
2. Three copies of a project location map.
3. A check in the amount of $400.00 for the permit processing fee.
Should you have any questions or need additional information, please call me
directly.
Sincereiv,
W.K. Dic on & Co., Inc.
Victor Lofquist, P.E.
- enclosures
959 Merrimon Avenue Other Offices:
Asheville, North Carolina 28804 Charlotte, NC
704 251-1610 Raleigh, NC
FAX [phone] Columbia. SC
r ..
D
a

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH, AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/ WATER QUALITY SECTION
NATIONAL POLLUTA.N`T DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO DISCHARGE - SHORT FORM D
TO BE FILED ONLY BY DISCHARGES OF 100% DOMESTIC WASTE k 1 MGD FLOW).
North Carolina NPDES Permit No. N I C 10 10 1 51 7 11 19 1 3
(if known)
Please print or type
I. Mailing address of applicant:
Facility Name Nantahala Outdoor Center
}
1
Owner Dame Nantahala Outdoor Center, Inc.
Street Address 13077 Highway 19 West
City' Bryson City
State North Carolina
LEP Code 28713
Telephone No. (704 ) 488-2176
2. Location of facility producing discharge:,,,
c.ta
a�
Name (If different from above)
Facility Contact Person°
Lance Ingram, ORC
Street Address or State Road 13077 Highway 19 West
City Bryson City
County Swain County
Telephone No. ( 704) 488-21 76
3. This \PDES Penn it Application applies to which of the following :
Expansion/Modification X Existing Unpermitted Discharge
Renewal New Facility
' Please pro%-ide a description of the expansion/modification:
Increase capacity of existing activated sludge sewage treatment
plant from 20,000 gpd (average daily flow) to 40,000 gpd.
4. Please proride a description of the existing treatment facilities,:
20,000 gallon per day "Aer-o-Mod" package treatment plant
consisting of influent flow equalization, aeration, clarification,
aerobic digestor, chlorination, dechlorination and flow monitoring.
Pace 1 of 2 Version 1/95

5. Please indicate the source of wastewater from the description of facilities listed (check where
applicable):
Type of Facility Generating Wastewater
Industrial
Commercial X
Residential
School
Other
Number of Employees
Number of Employees
Number of Homes
Number of Students/Staff
Please describe source of wastewater (example: subdivision, mobile home park, etc.):
Recreational and tourist facility consisting of rafting related
facil4.ties including public restrooms, lodging, restaurants &
retail outfitters store
6. Number of separate wastewater discharge pipes/wastewater outfalls (if applicable):
one
7. If separate discharge pipes, describe the source(s) of wastewater for each pipe:
n/a
8. Name of receiving water or waters: (Please provide a map showing the exact location of discharge)
Nantahala River (Little Tennessee River Basin) — man attached
I certify that I am familiar with the information contained in the application and
that to the best of my knowledge and belief such information is true, complete, and
accurate.
)G0 /�Cjj roll
Printed Name of Person Signing
V� V C4 C-
T, 71
Date Application Signed
Signature of Applicant
North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(b)(2) provides that: Any person who knowingly makes any
false statement representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other
document files or required to be maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the Environmental
Management Commission implementing that Article, or who falsifies, tampers with, or knowingly
renders inaccurate any recording or monitoring device or method required to be operated or maintained
under Article 21 or regulations of the Environmental Management Commission implementing that
Article, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $10,000, or by imprisonment
not to exceed six months, or by both. (18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more
than 510,000 or imprisonment not more than 5 years, or both for a similar offense.)
Pa,ne 2 of 2 Version 1/95

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SOC PRIORITY PROJECT:
IF YES, SOC NUMBER
TO: PERMITS AND ENGINEERING UNIT
WATER ALITY S ON
ATTENTION: usan Rob
DATE: Oc o er 8, 1996
NPDES STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
COUNTY : Swain
PERMIT NUMBER NCO057193
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
Yes No XX
1. Facility and Address: Nantahala Outdoor Center
Mailing: 13077 Hwy 19 West
Bryson City, NC 28713
2. Date of Investigation: August 20, 1996
3. Report Prepared By: Paul R. White
4. Persons Contacted and Telephone Number: Alan Mandrell
704-488-2175
5. Directions to Site: Located on the opposite side of
the Nantahala River from Hwy 19 at Wesser, 100 yds
downstream of bridge for SR 1180.
6. Discharge Point(s), List for all discharge points:
Latitude: 350 19' 59" Longitude: 830 35' 30"
Attach a USGS map extract and indicate treatment facility site and
discharge point on map.
U.S.G.S. Quad No. F4SE
U.S.G.S. Quad Name Wesser
7. Site size and expansion area consistent with application?
_ Yes _X No If No, explain: Site is limited for expansion in
two directions. A site visit indicated that the existing
treatment plant is adjacent to a property boundary. A site map
should be submitted showing adequate buffers for expansion.
Page 1

Topography (relationship to flood plain included): Site is
adjacent to flood plain of Nantahala River. Flood height
information should be submitted.
Location of nearest dwelling: >100 feet.
Receiving stream or affected surface waters: Nantahala River
a. Classification: B-Trout
b. River Basin and Subbasin No.: Little Tennessee 04-04-02
C. Describe receiving stream features and pertinent downstream
uses: The watershed is primarily forested, with much of the area in
National Forest. The upper portion of the river, including Nantahala
Lake is classified as ORW. Flow is diverted from Nantahal Lake to a
power plant at Beechertown. Although this section is largely
dewatered, it functions as a headwater stream, with cold water, scenic
waterfalls and pools supporting a trout fishery. Heavy rainfall events
support a challenging steep creek run for whitewater boaters. Although
this is the most scenic section of the river, it was not considered to
meet ORW qualificatins due to dessication zones on either side of the
permanent wetted channel and cold temperatures from the water
discharged from the lake.
PART II -
1. a.
b.
c.
d.
From Beechertown to Fontana Lake, the river flows through the gorge
section, which is is used for primary recreational activities by
several hundred thousands of boaters annually. These include private
boaters as well as on an organized basis by a number of rafting
companies. The B classification is supported by the rivers use for
swimming, river rescue and boating clinics, and the use of all types of
water craft from small inflatables to whitewater canoes and kayaks.
Body contact occurs both in the calmer sections as well as in the
sections with class II and III whitewater.
Other uses included fish and wildlife propagation, and irrigation water
source.
Below the Nantahala Outdoor Center discharge point, the river is
flooded by Fontana Lake for much of the year, although the summer and
fall drawdown exposes the river channel to as far down as Hwy 28,
approximately 4 miles downstream.
DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
Volume of wastewater to be permitted (Ultimate
Design Capacity) 0.040 mgd
What is the current permitted capacity of the Wastewater
Treatment facility? 0.020 mgd
Actual treatment capacity of the current facility (current
design capacity 0.020 mgd
Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous
Authorizations to Construct issued in the previous two years:
none
Page 2

e. Please provide a description of existing or substantially
constructed wastewater treatment facilities: Existing
facilities consist of a 20,000 gpd Aer-o-mod package treatment
plant with the following components:
Coarse screening - manually cleaned
Flow equalization - 20,000 gal. with 2 lift pumps
Aeration - 20,000 gal. diffused air
Clarification - one Aer-o-mod tube settler
Sludge holding - (2) 4000 gal each
Disinfection - tablet chlorination
Dechlorination - tablet feeder
Flow measurement - continuous recording
f. Please provide a description of proposed wastewater
treatment facilities: Not provided in application.
g. Possible toxic impacts to surface waters: chlorine, ammonia,
cleaning chemicals.
h. Pretreatment Program (POTWs only): n/a
in development approved
should be required not needed
2. Residuals handling and utilization/disposal scheme: septage
hauler to POTW
a. If residuals are being land applied, please specify DWQ
Permit Number
Residuals Contractor
Telephone Number
b. Residuals stabilization: PSRP PFRP OTHER
C. Landfill:
d. Other disposal/utilization scheme (Specify):
3. Treatment plant classification (at ach completed ra ing sheet):
II (WWI coftirle uiic2�► in rl�s�i07i is
4. SIC Codes(s): 5812, 7011
Primary 10 Secondary 13
Main Treatment Unit Code: 0607
PART III - OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION
1. Is this facility being constructed with Construction Grant Funds
or are any public monies involved. (municipals only)? no
2. Special monitoring or limitations (including toxicity) requests:
none
Page 3

3. Important SOC, JOC, or Compliance Schedule dates: (Please
indicate) n/a
Date
Submission of Plans and Specifications
Begin Construction
Complete Construction
4. Alternative Analysis Evaluation: Has the facility evaluated all
of the non -discharge options available. Please provide regional
perspective for each option evaluated.
Spray Irrigation: steep topography, not viable
Connection to Regional Sewer System: none available
Subsurface: might be used for individual cabin units to decrease
the size of the necessary expansion.
Other disposal options:
5. Other Special Items:
PART IV - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
At this time the only information received at the Asheville Regional
Office concerning the requested modification is the Short Form D and
the map. The following additional information is needed:
1. Although an alternative to discharging which would accept 20,000
gpd is not known, the use of individual septic tank systems should be
considered if possible to minimize the extent to which the plant would
have to be expanded.
2. The justification for the need for the flow should be provided.
3. A description of the origin, type and flow of waste which is
proposed should be provided.
4. A narrative description of the proposed treatment works should be
provided.
5. A site plan should be provided showing the location of the proposed
treatment works and the necessary buffers.
S' ure o R rt P ep rer
r
ater Quali egional Supervisor
/t")t b) 'F&
Date
Page 4

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