20071772 Ver 1_Application_20071019

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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
October 15, 2007
Mr. William Wescott
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
Post Office Box 1000
Washington, NC 27889-1000
Dear Sir:
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LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY
071772
Subject: Application for Nationwide 23 Permit for the Replacement of Bridge No. 72 over
Cypress Swamp on SR 1804; Halifax County; TlP Project B-4135; Federal Aid Project
No. BRZ-1804(2). Debit $240 from WBS Element 33488.1.1.
Please find enclosed permit drawings and roadway plans for the above referenced project proposed by
the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). A Programmatic Categorical Exclusion
(PCE) was completed for this project on June 14, 2004, and distributed shortly thereafter. Additional
copies are available upon request. The NCDOT proposes to replace existing Bridge No. 72 over Cypress
Swamp on SR 1804 in Halifax County. The project involves replacement of the existing functionally
obsolete and structurally deficient 43-foot bridge and approaches with a new 90-foot bridge and
approaches. The new bridge will feature two 11-foot lanes with 3-foot 11-inch offsets. The west
approach will be approximately 287 feet long and the east approach will be approximately 287 feet long.
Proposed permanent impacts include 0.04 acre of riverine wetland impacts. Traffic will be detoured off-
site along surrounding roads during construction.
Impacts to Water of the United States
General Description: The project is located in the Roanoke River Basin (Hydrologic Unit 03010107). A
best usage classification of "C" has been assigned to Cypress Swamp [DWQ Index # 23-1]. Neither High
Quality Waters (HQW), Water Supplies (WS-I: undeveloped watersheds or WS-II: predominately
undeveloped watersheds), nor Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) occur within 1.0 mile of the project
study area. Cypress Swamp is not designated as a North Carolina Natural or Scenic River, or as a
National Wild and Scenic River. Additionally, Cypress Swamp is not listed on the Fina12006 303(d) list
of impaired waters due to sedimentation for the Roanoke River Basin, nor does it drain into any Section
303(d) waters within 1.0 mile of the project study area.
Permanent Impacts: As stated above, proposed permanent impacts consist of 0.01 acre of fill and 0.03
acre of mechanized clearing in riverine wetlands. The total amount of proposed impacts to jurisdictional
wetlands is 0.04 acre. Additionally, there is 0.01 acre of proposed impacts to surface waters due to
roadway fill and an interior bent. -
Temporary Impacts: There are no temporary impacts proposed for this project.
MAILINGADDRESS: TELEPHONE: [phone] LOCATION:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FAX: [phone] TRANSPORTATION BUILDING
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 1 SOUTH W ILMINGTON STREET
1548 MAIL SERVICE CENTER WEBSITE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG RALEIGH NC
RALEIGH NC 27699-1548

Utilitypacts: No impacts to jurisdictional resources will occur due to relocation of utilities in the
project area. Wetland impacts due to the relocation Sprint telephone lines will be avoided by using
directional bore techniques.
Bridge Demolition:
The superstructure for Bridge No. 72 is composed of timber flooring on timber joists with timber rails
and the substructure consists of timber bulkheads at the end bents with timber piles. All components will
allow removal without dropping them into the water. Best Management Practices for Bridge Demolition
and Removal will be implemented.
Avoidance and Minimization
Avoidance examines all appropriate and practicable possibilities of averting impacts to "Waters of the
United States". Due to the presence of surface waters and wetlands within the project study area,
avoidance of all impacts is not possible. The NCDOT is committed to incorporating all reasonable and
practicable design features to avoid and minimize jurisdictional impacts. Minimization measures were
incorporated as part of the project design. These included:
• To mi_nimi~e impacts, NCDOT is replacing Bridge No. 72 in place and utilizing anoff--site detour.
• The bridge will be lengthened by 47 feet.
• The bridge will be constructed without any temporary access.
• NCDOT is also minimizing impacts to surface waters by utilizing longer spans with fewer bents than
the existing bridge.
~ 3:1 slopes were used in jurisdictional areas.
• NCDOT will utilize Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage.
The PCE states that NCDOT will adhere to an in-water work moratorium from February 15 to September
30. This moratorium was requested by the NC Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF). Cypress Swamp
is an inland water and falls under the jurisdiction of the NC Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC).
NCWRC has requested a moratorium from February 15 to June 15. For this reason, NCDOT will adhere
to the F_ebru~ 15 to Jun® oratoriu~,
Mitigation
The proposed project will have permanent impacts to riverine wetlands totaling 0.04 acre and 0.01 acre
to surface water. Due to the minimal amount of permanent impacts to jurisdictional resources, NCDOT is
not proposing mitigation.
Federally Protected Species
The most current listing by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (iJSFWS) lists three federally protected
species for Halifax County. There is no habitat any of the species within the project study area and the
biological conclusions are "No Effect".
Common Name Scientific Name Status Habitat Conclusion
red-cockaded wood ecker Picoides borealis E No No Effect
Tar Rivers in ussel Elli do steinstansana E No No Effect
dwarf wed emussel Alasmidonta heterodon E No No Effect
2

Project Schedule
The project has a scheduled let of May 20, 2008 with a review date of April 1, 2008.
Regulatory Approvals
Section 404 Permit: All aspects of this project are being processed by the Federal Highway
Administration as a "Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR 771.115(b). The NCDOT
requests that these activities be authorized by Nationwide Permits 23.
Section 401 Permit: We anticipate 401 General Certification number 3632 will apply to this project. The
NCDOT will adhere to all standard conditions of the aforementioned certification, and therefore are
requesting written concurrence from the North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural.
Resources, Division of Water Quality. Therefore, in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H, Section .0500(a),
we are providing five copies of this application to the NCDWQ for their review and approval.
Authorization to debit the $240 Permit Application Fee from, WBS Element 33388.1.1 is hereby given.
A copy of this permit application will be posted on the NCDOT website at:
http•//www.ncdot.orsJdoh/preconstruct/pe/neu/permit.html.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact Chris Underwood at (919) 715-
1451.
Sincerely,
~, .
Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D., Environmental Management Duector
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
W/attachment:
Mr. John Hennessy, NCDWQ (2 copies)
Mr. Travis Wilson, NCWRC
Mr. Gary Jordan, USFWS
Mr. Ron Sechler, NMFS
Mr. Michael Street, NCDMF
Dr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design
Mr. Victor Barbour, P.E., Project Services Unit
Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. Ricky Greene, P.E., Division 4 Engineer
Mr. Jamie Guerrero, Division 4 Environmental Officer
W/o attachment
Mr. Scott McLendon, USAGE, Wilmington
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Maj ed Alghandour, P. E., Programming and TIP
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. Tracy Walter, P.E., PDEA
3

Adjacent Property Owners
Owner/ Business Address
Joseph W.Cotton.lll 477 Goodspeed rd.
Virginia Beach VA. 23451
James G. Shields,jr. 3945 Shields Commissary rd.
Scotland Neck NC. 27874
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
Halifax County
PROD - 33488.1.1 (H-4135)
Hridge no. 72 over Cypress Creek on SR 1804
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WETLAND PERMIT IMPACT SUMMARY
WETLAND IMPACTS SURFACE WATER IMPACTS

Site
No.

Station
(From/To)

Structure
Size /Type
Permanent
Fillln
Wetlands
ac
Temp.
Fillln
Wetlands
ac
Excavation
in
Wetlands
ac
Mechanized
Clearing
in Wetlands
ac an
Clearing
in
Wetlands
ac
Permanent
SW
impacts
ac
Temp.
SW
impacts
ac Existing
Channel
Impacts
Permanent
ft Existing
Channel
Impacts
Temp.
ft
Natural
Stream
Design
ft

16+65 / 17+55 90'Brid a 0.01 0.03 0.01

TOTALS: 0.01 0.03 0.01
Note: Surtace water impacts include 8 sq.ft. of impacts from 1 interior bent on steel piles in stream.
Revised

t'~
~~ CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION ACTION CLASSIFICATION FORM
TIP Project No.
State Project No.
WBS No.
Federal Project No.
B-4135
8.2301701
33488.1.1
BRZ-1804(2)
A. Project Description:
This project proposes to replace Bridge No. 72 on SR 1804 over Cypress Swamp
in Halifax County (See Figure 1). The bridge will be replaced with a 70-foot long
bridge in the same location and roadway elevation as the existing structure. The
cross section of the new bridge will include two 11-foot lanes with 3-foot offsets.
The approach work will consist of earthwork, paving, some resurfacing and tying
back into the existing roadway for approximately 760 feet to the west and 900
feet to the east. Guardrail will be installed where warranted. Traffic will be
detoured offsite during construction (See Figure 1 and Section D, Studied Detour
Route).
B. Purpose and Need:
Bridge Maintenance Unit records indicate the bridge has a sufficiency rating of
31.1 out of a possible 100 for a new structure. The existing bridge was
constructed in 1952. Bridge No. 72 is composed entirely of timber and has a
structural appraisal of two out of a possible nine. The bridge is considered to be
structurally deficient according to FHWA standards and therefore eligible for
FHWA's Highway Bridge Replacement Program.
C. Proposed Improvements:
The following Type II improvements which apply to the project are circled:
Modernization of a highway by resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation,
reconstruction, adding shoulders, or adding auxiliary lanes (e.g.; parking,
weaving, turning, climbing).
a. Restoring, Resurfacing, Rehabilitating, and Reconstructing pavement (3R
and 4R improvements)
b. Widening roadway and shoulders without adding through lanes
c. Modernizing gore treatments
d. Constructing lane improvements (merge, auxiliary, and turn lanes)
e. Adding shoulder drains
f. Replacing and rehabilitating culverts, inlets, and drainage pipes, including
safety treatments
g. Providing driveway pipes
h. Performing minor bridge widening (less than one through lane)
i. Slide Stabilization
. j. Structural BMP's for water quality improvement
2. Highway safety or traffic operations improvement projects including the
installation of ramp metering control devices and lighting.

4~
~+~ a. Installing ramp metering devices
• b. Installing lights
c. Adding or upgrading guazdrail
d. Installing safety barriers including Jersey type barriers and pier protection
e. Installing or replacing impact attenuators
f. Upgrading medians including adding or upgrading median barriers
g. Improving intersections including relocation and/or realignment
h. Making minor roadway realignment
i. Channelizing traffic
j. Performing cleaz zone safety improvements including removing hazazds
and flattening slopes
k. Implementing traffic aid systems, signals, and motorist aid
1. Installing bridge safety hardware including bridge rail retrofit
3. Bridge rehabilitation, reconstruction, or replacement or the construction of grade
separation to replace existing at-grade railroad crossings.
a. Rehabilitating, reconstructing, or replacing bridge approach slabs
b. Rehabilitating or replacing bridge decks
c. Rehabilitating bridges including painting (no red lead paint), scour repair,
fender systems, and minor structural improvements
d. Replacing a bridge (structure and/or fill)
4. Transportation corridor fringe parking facilities.
5. Construction of new truck weigh stations or rest areas.
6. Approvals for disposal of excess right-of--way or for joint or limited use of right-
of-way, where the proposed use does not have significant adverse impacts.
7. Approvals for changes in access control.
8. Construction of new bus storage and maintenance facilities in azeas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such construction is
not inconsistent with existing zoning and located on or near a street with adequate
capacity to handle anticipated bus and support vehicle traffic.
9. Rehabilitation or reconstruction of existing rail and bus buildings and ancillary
facilities where only minor amounts of additional land are required and. there is
not a substantial increase in the number of users.
10. Construction of bus transfer facilities (an open area consisting of passenger
shelters, boarding areas, kiosks and related street improvements) when located in
a commercial area or other high activity center in which there is adequate street
capacity for projected bus traffic.
11. Construction of rail storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such construction is
not inconsistent with existing zoning and where there is no significant noise
impact on the surrounding community.
12. Acquisition of land for hardship or protective purposes, advance land acquisition
loans under section 3 (b) .of the UMT Act. Hardship and protective buying will be
permitted only for a particular'pazcel or a limited number of parcels. These types
2

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Division Office Comments:
The Division Four Construction Offices concurs with replacing Bridge No. 72 at the same
location and elevation as the existing structure while detouring traffic offsite during construction
Bridge Demolition:
Bridge No. 72 has a superstructure composed of timber flooring on timber joists with timber
rails. The substructure is composed of timber bulkheads at the. end bents with timber piles. The
interior bents aze timber caps on timber piles. Therefore, there is no temporary fill in Cypress
Swamp associated with the removal of Bridge No. 72.
Alternates Eliminated from Further Study
The no-build alternate for this project is not practical or feasible. The existing bridge will
continue to deteriorate necessitating eventual closure of the bridge. This is unacceptable due to
the traffic that SR 1804 serves.
Rehabilitation of the existing structure is not feasible due to the timber substructure.
Replacing the bridge on new alignment or maintaining traffic onsite with a temporary detour
would be costly and significantly increase the environmental impacts on the wetlands composed
of Cypress Gum Swamp that surround the existing structure.
4

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E. Threshold Criteria
The following evaluation of threshold criteria must be completed for Type II actions
ECOLOGICAL YES NO
(1) Will the project have a substantial impact on any unique or
important natural resource? ^ X
(2) Does the project involve habitat where federally listed
endangered or threatened species may occur? n X
(3) Will the project affect anadromous fish? ^
X
(4) If the project involves wetlands, is the amount of
permanent and/or temporary wetland taking less than
one-tenth (1/10) of an acre and have all practicable
measures to avoid and minimize wetland takings been

evaluated? ^
X
(~) Will the project require the use of U. S. Forest Service lands?
^
X
(6) Will the quality of adjacent water resources be adversely .
impacted by proposed construction activities? X
(7) Does the project involve waters classified as Outstanding
Water Resources (OWR) and/or High Quality Waters (HQW)? ^
X
(8) Will the project require fill in waters of the United States
in any of the designated mountain trout counties? X
(9) Does the project involve any known underground storage
tanks (UST's) or hazardous materials sites? X
PERMITS AND COORDINATION ~ YES NO
(10) If the project is located within a CAMA county, will the
project significantly affect the coastal zone and/or any
"Area of Environmental Concern" (AEC)? X
(11) Does the project involve Coastal Barrier Resources Act
resources? X
(12) Will a U. S. Coast Guard permit be required? ^
X
5

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(13) Will the project result in the modification of any existing
regulatory floodway? ~ X
(14) Will the project require.any stream relocations or channel
changes? X
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND CULTURAL RESOURCES YES NO
(15) Will the project induce substantial impacts to planned
growth or land use for the azea? ~ ~ X
(16) Will the project require the relocation of any family or
business? X
(17) Will the project have a disproportionately high and
adverse human health and environmental effect on any minority
or low-income population? X
(18) If the project involves the acquisition of right of way, is the

amount of right of way acquisition considered minor? ^
X
(19) Will the project involve any changes in access control? ^
X
(20) Will the project substantially alter the usefulness and/or land
use of adjacent property? ^ .X
(2'1) Will the project have an adverse effect on permanent local
traffic patterns or community cohesiveness? X
(22) Is the project included in an approved thoroughfare plan
and/or Transportation Improvement Program (and is,
therefore, in conformance with .the Clean Air Act of 1990)? ~I
X u
(23) Is the project anticipated to cause an increase in traffic
volumes? X
(24) Will traffic be maintained during construction using existing ^
roads, staged construction, or on-site detours? X
(25) If the project is a bridge replacement project, will the bridge be
replaced at its existing location (along the
existing facility) and will all construction proposed in
association with the bridge replacement project be contained on ^
the existing facility? X
6

V
(26) Is there substantial controversy on social, economic, or
environmental grounds concerning the project? X
(27) Is the project consistent with all Federal, State, and local laws ^
relating to the environmental aspects of the project? X
(28) Will the project have an "effect" on structures/properties
eligible for or listed on the National Register of Historic Places? a
X
(29) Will the project affect any azchaeological remains, which are
important to history or pre-history? X
(30) Will the project require the use of Section 4(f) resources
(public parks, recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl refuges,
historic sites, or historic bridges, as defined in
Section 4(f) of the U. S. Department of Transportation Act of ^
1966)? X
(31) Will the project result in any conversion of assisted public
recreation sites or facilities to non-recreation uses, as
defined by Section 6(f) of the Land and Water Conservation
Act of 196, as amended? ~ ~ X
(32) Will the project involve construction in, across, or
adjacent to a river designated as a component of or
proposed for inclusion in the Natural System of Wild and
Scenic Rivers? X
F. Additional Documentation Required for Unfavorable Responses in Part E
ITEM NO.
3. North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries stated that anadromous fish are
found in this section of Cypress Swamp. Therefore, an in-stream work
moratorium from February 15 to September 30 will be in effect. NCDOT will
adhere to the "Stream Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Crossings."
4. The amount of wetland impact is estimated to be approximately 0.30 acre. This
estimate is based on preliminary plans and will be refined for the permit
application. All practical measures have been taken to avoid and minimize
impacts to the wetlands by replacing the existing bridge with a new bridge in
the same location and roadway elevation. The approach roadway typical
section is the minimium required for safety measures such as guazdrail.
In accordance with provisions of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, a permit
will be required from the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) for
discharge of fill material into Waters of the United States. Due to the small
amount of estimated wetland impacts, a Section 404 Nationwide Permit is
anticipated. However, the type of permit -will be determined during the final
7

N
plan design stage.
G. CE Approval
TIP Project No.
State Project No.
WBS No.
Federal Project No
Project Description:
Assistant
Proiect D
This project proposes to replace Bridge No. 72 on SR 1804 over Cypress Swamp
in Halifax County (See Figure 1). The bridge will be replaced with a 70-foot long
bridge in the same location and roadway elevation as the existing structure. The
cross section of the new bridge will include two 11-foot lanes with 3-foot offsets.
The approach work will consist of earthwork, paving, some resurfacing and tying
back into the existing roadway for approximately 760 feet to the west and 900
feet to the east. Guardrail will be installed where warranted. Traffic will be
detoured offsite during construction (See Figure 1 and Section D, Studied Detour
Route).
Categorical Exclusion Action Classification:
TYPE II(A)
X TYPE II(B)
Approved:
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Dat
Q
D to
~/0./04
Date
B-4135
8.2301701
33488.1.1
BRZ-1804(2)
and

Analysis Branch
Project Planning Uiut Flead -
Project Development & Environmental Analysis Branch
Project Development ngineer
Project Development & Environmental Analysis Branch
For Type II(B) projects only:
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Date Jo F. Sullivan, III, PE, Division Administrator
ederal Highway Administration

8

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PROJECT COMMITMENTS
Halifax County
Bridge No. 72 on SR 1804 Over Cypress Swamp
Federal Aid Project No. BRZ-1804(2)
State Project No. 8.2301701
WBS No. 33532.1.1
T.I.P. No. B-4135
Division 1 Construction Engineer, Structure Design Unit
The proposed structure should be designed to facilitate top-down construction. If it is
determined that top-down construction cannot be used, then additional coordination with
the United States Army Corps of Engineers will be required.
No deck drains will be allowed to discharge directly into Cypress Swamp.
Division 1 Construction Engineer, Structure Design Unit, Roadway Design Unit
The total time of road closure for this project should be held to to a minimum due to the
length of delay in using the detour route. The. contractor should be given incentives to
minimize the road closure for the project. The total project construction time can be
longer, as long as work can be done under traffic. Halifax County Emergency
Management Services will be notified a minimum of thirty (30) days in advance of the
beginning of the road closure.
Cypress Swamp has potential as a travel corridor for anadromous fish. Therefore, an in-
stream moratorium will be in effect from February 15 to September 30. The Stream
Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage will be implemented, as applicable.
Greensheet
Programmatic Categorical Exclusion,
PDEA
May 2004
Sheet 1/1

~ of land acquisition qualify for a CE only where the acquisition will not limit the
evaluation of alternatives, including shifts in alignment for planned construction
• projects, which may be required in the NEPA process. No project development
on such land may proceed until the NEPA process has been completed.
13. Acquisition and construction of wetland, stream and endangered species
mitigation sites.
14. Remedial activities involving the removal, treatment or monitoring of soil or
groundwater contamination pursuant to state or federal remediation guidelines.
D. Special Project Information:
Estimated Costs:
Total Construction $ 375,000
Paving SR 1802 $ 850,000
Right of Way $ 36,800
Total $ 1,261,800
Estimated Traffic:
Current - 220 vpd
Year 2025 - 400 vpd
TTST -2%
Dual - 2%
Proposed Typical Cross Section:
The proposed approach typical section will consist of two 11-foot lanes with four-foot offsets
that extend to seven feet where guardrail is required.
Design Speed:
60 mph There is an anticipated design exception for horizontal curvature.
Functional Classification:
Rural Local Route
Studied Detour Route
The studied detour route utilized SR 1802, SR 1800, US 258, and SR 1118. SR 1802 will be
paved approximately 1.1 miles as part of the project in order to be used as part of the detour.
The detour is approximately 12 miles long with an estimated delay of eleven minutes. The delay
has been evaluated in accordance with the NCDOT Guidelines for Evaluation of Offsite Detours
against the potential environmental impacts o using an onsrte etour or ocatmg e n ge on
new alignment. An offsite detour will be used and road closure time minimized to the extent
possible.
3

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Studied Detour Route
I`'~~ "~~ ~+.yo\ NORTH CAROLINA DEPART[vIENT OF
~g „ TRANSPORTATION
~' '~ DIVISION OF I'~IGHWAYS
~ / PROTECT DEVELOPMENT &
"tom ~'~ ENVIRONIvfENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH
HALIFAX COUNTY
REPLACE BRIDGE NO. 72 ON SR 1804
• OVER CYPRESS SWAMP
8-4135
Figure 1

~~
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North Carolina Department of Cultural
State Historic Preservation Office
David L. S. Brook, rldministratar
Michael F. Eaaley, Governor
L;sbeth C. Evans, Secretary
Jeffi~ey J. Cmw, Deputy Secretary
June 11, ?003
ME'~iOR1~NDUM
JUN 16 '2003
a=
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~°~ olv~s~oN of ~'
i ~,~ HIGNiNAYS ~.~'~-
~oNM~Nr L ~~P~5~5
Division Resources
David J. Olson, Director
TO: Greg Thorpe, Manager
Project Development and Environmental ~nalvsis Branch
NCDOT Division of Highways
FROM: David Brook .k~~I~ ~ ~~t,~1„~ l~6 ~ `~
li
SUBTECT: Replacement of Bridge No. 7 2 on SR 1804 over Cypress Swamp, B-4133,
Halifax County, ER03-0939
Thank you for your memorandum of April -, ?003, concerning the abot-e project.
There are no known archaeological sites within the proposed project area. Based on our knowhedge
of the area, it is unlikely that anv archaeological resources that may be eligible for conclusion in the
~iational Register of Historic Places will be affected by the project. We, therefore, recommend chat
no archaeological investigation be conducted. in connection with this project.
We recommend that a Department of Transportation architectural historian identify and evaluate
any structures over fifty years of age within the project area and report the findings to us.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the \iational Historic Preservation .pct
and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106
codified at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above
comment, contact Renee Gledhill-Earhey, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763. In all
future communication concerning this project, please cite the above referenced tracking number.
cc: Mary Pope Furr, NCDOT
,Matt Wilkerson, NCDOT
www.h oo.dcr.state.nc. ns
l.ocadoo ~ Mail{rig Addma Telep6oaefFa:
ADMINISTRATION 507 N. Blount St., Raleigh NC 4617 Mail Service Crnter, Raleigh NC 27699-4617 (919) 733--7b3 •733-8653
RESTORATION S l3 N. Blount St, Raleigh NC 4613 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-t6 t 3 (919) 733547 . 71 S-t801
SURVEY & PUNNING S15 N. Blount St, Raleigh NC 4618 Mnil Service Crntcr, Raleigh NC 27699-4618 [phone] • 713-1801

NATURAL SYSTEMS REPORT
B-4135
HALIFAX COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

Natural Systems Report
8-4135
Halifax County, North Carolina
~:
North Carolina Deparhnent of Transportaion
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, Inc.
801 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 300
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
Ou Ref.:
NC602031.0003
Dose:
March 2003
This document is iMerxled ony for the use of the
individual or entity for which it was prepared and
may contain information that ~ privileged,
confidential, and exempt from discbsure under
applicable law. Any d'~ssemination, distr~ution, or
copying of this document is strictiy prohibited.

Tablo of eontonts
EKECOTIYE SUMMARY 1
1. In<rodnetlon 1-1
1.1 Project Description 1-1
1.2 Purpose 1-1
1.3 Methoddogy 1-2
1.4 Qualifications of Principal Investigator 1-3
Z. Physieal Resenreos Z-1
2.1 Geology 2-1
2.2 Sals 2-1
2.3 Water Resources 2-3
2.4 Physical Resources Impacts 2-5
3. Biotlc Resenreos 3-1
3.1 Plant Communities 3-1
3.1.1 Cypress-Gum Swamp (Brownwater Subtype) 3-1
3.1.2 Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype) 3-2
3.1.3 Maintalned/Disturbed lands 3-2
3.2 Terrestrial Wildlife 3-3
3.3 Aquatic Habitats and Wildlife 3-4
3.4 Biotic Resource Impacts 3-5
4. WotoR of the Onited Statos 41
4.1 Surface Waters 41
4.2 Jurisdictional Wetlands 42
4.3 Impacts to Waters of the United States 43
4.4 Permit Requirements 44
4.5 Mitigation ~ 4-4

r
5. Rare and Protected Species
5.1 Vertebrates
5.2 Invertebrates
6. Referoncea
Tables
1 Descriptions of Sals Mapping Mnits Within the Project Study Area
2 NPDES Dischargers Within the Cypress Swamp Watershed, Halifax County, North Cardina
3 Federally Protected Species Known from Halifax County, North Carolina
4 Federal Speaes of Concern Known from Halifax County, North Cardina
fignrea
1 unity Map
2 Natural Communities and Surface Waters
Appendices
A Wetland Data Forms
B Wetland Rating Forms
5-1
5-1
5-3
6-1
Table of Contents

Natural Systems Report
far R-4135,
Halifax Couugl
Executive Summary
~cif>7vE suMiNnffr
The following is a Natural Systems Technical Report for the proposed replacement of
Bridge No. 72 over Cypress Swamp on SR 1804 in Halifax County, North Carolina
(TIP No. B-4135).
INTU0~eCTIOM
The proposed project will replace Bridge No. 72 on SR 1804 over Cypress Swamp in
Halifax County, North Cazolina. The project study azca is primarily disturbed urban
and agricultural land and forested acres. The project study area is located in the
Coastal Plain physiographic region, approximately 20 to 50 feet (6 to 15 meters) above
mean sea level. The one hydric soil mapping unit within the project study azea is
Chewacla and Wehadkee soils. .
~ryEICAI
Water Resources
Water resources located within the project study azea lie in North Carolina Division of
Water Quality (NCDWQ) Subbasin 03-02-08 and the United States Geological Survey
Subbasin 03010107 of the Roanoke River Drainage Basin. The best usage
classification of Cypress Swamp (NCDWQ Stream Index #23-41) is Class C
(NCDEM, 2001). No water resources classified as Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW),
High Quality Waters, Water Supplies Waters, or Outstanding Resource Waters or
waters on the 303(d) list aze located within the project study area.
Biotic Resources
The following three plant communities were found within the project study azea:
cypress-gum swamp (brownwater subtype), mesic mixed hazdwood forest (Coastal
Plain subtype), and maintained/disturbed lands. The following table shows the plant
community acreages within the prof ect study azea.

Natural Systems Report
for 8-4135,
Halifax County
Executive Summary
ll~~[ C~~I^®aNUs
Community
Area
Cypress-gum swamp (brownwater subtype) 9.87 ac (4.00 ha)
Mesic mixed hardwood forest (Coastal Plain subtype) 2.42 ac (0.98 ha)
Maintained/disturbed lands 22.42 ac (9.08 ha)
!®aIS~ICT19N~1 Ta~ICS
Surface Waters and Wetlands
Cypress Swamp, a manmade pond, and an unnamed tributary are considered
jurisdictional surface waters under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Based upon
the results of the field investigation, the project study area also contains 9.27 acres
(3.75 hectares) of PFO1/2F and PFO1C jurisdictional wetlands. Since no alternatives
have been selected, impacts to these "Waters of the United States" cannot be
determined.
Due to the potential for water quality impacts during construction, in-stream
construction moratoriums to limit the effects on fishery resources have been suggested.
The moratorium applies if the following species aze supported by the stream: sturgeon
(February 1 to June 30), brown and brook trout (October 15 to April 15), rainbow trout
(January.l to April 15), spotfin chub (May 15 to August 15), smallmouth bass (May 1
to July 15), eastern sunfish (April 1 to June 30), western sunfish (May 1 to June 30),
and other anadromous fish (February 15 to June 30). A 25 foot (7.6 m) buffer
moratorium exists relative to the smallmouth bass. Qualified biologists from the
NCDOT will assess the stream for the afovementioned species. Once the fish have
been identified as being supported by the stream, the appropriate moratorium will be
applied.
Essential fish habitat (EFH) is defined as "those waters and substrate necessary to fish
for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity." The aforementioned waters
include aquatic areas and their associated physical, chemical, and biological properties
used by fish and include aquatic areas historically used by fish where appropriate. The
aforementioned substrate includes sediment, hazd bottom, structures underlying the
waters, and associated bidlogical communities. The proposed project is not anticipated
to involve EFH.

Natural Systems Report
far B-4185,
Nallfax County
Executive Summary
Permits
The Nationwide Permit #23 (Approved Categorical Exclusions) should cover the
impacts to jurisdictional stream in the project study area. Nationwide Permit #33
(Temporary Construction, Access, and Dewatering) may be needed for temporary
construction access if that is not addressed in National Environmental Policy Act,
(NEPA) document. A final permitting strategy cannot be developed until a design
alternative is selected.
A Section 401 General Water Quality Certification is also required for any activity that
may result in a dischazge into "Waters of the United States" or for which an issuance of
a federal permit or license is issued. Certifications aze administered through the
NCDWQ. Final determination of permit applicability lies with the United States Army
Corps of Engineers (USAGE). .
Federally Protected Species
Plants and animals with federal classification of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed
Endangered, and Proposed Threatened are protected under provisions of Section 7 and
Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act. As of February 18, 2003, the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) identified three endangered species and one
threatened species as potentially occurring in Halifax County. The following table lists
each species, its federal status, and biological conclusion. •
sofeetik t1eAe oewotee Ile®e Fe~enl steles aele0teel
Ceec~stee
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Picoides borealis
Bald Eagle Threatened
Red-cockaded woodpecker Endangered
Tar spinymussel Endangered
lhvarf wedge mussel Endangered
No Effect
No Effect
No Effect
No Effect
Elliptio steinstansana
Alasmidonta heterodon
Bald Eagle
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the bald eagle consisting of large bodies of water does not exist
within the project area. In addition, there is a large amount of human disturbance
around the project area. Review of North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
(NCNHP) maps indicated no known populations of this species within one mile (1.6
km) of the project study area. No impacts to this species from prof ect construction aze
anticipated.

Natural Systems Report ~.
fer 8,4135,
Nalifall scanty
Executive Summary
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the red-cockaded woodpecker is not present in the project study
area. There are no areas of open or mature pine stands and NCNHP has no records of
any known populations of the red-cockaded woodpecker within the project study azea.
No impacts are anticipated to the red-cockaded woodpecker because of project
construction.
Tar River Spinymussel Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the Tar River spinymussel is not present in the project study azea.
NCNHP has no records of any known populations of the Tar River spinymussel within
a one-mile (1.6 km) radius of the project azea. This mussel has never been found in the
Roanoke River watershed. Therefore, this species will not be impacted because of
project construction.
Dwarf wedge mussel Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat is not available in Cypress Swamp. NCNHP has no records of any
known populations of dwarf wedge mussel within acne-mile (1.6 km) radius of the
project area. This mussel has never been found in the Roanoke River watershed.
Therefore, this species will not be impacted because of project construction.
Surveys for all of these species are valid for two years from the survey data. If the
project is not constructed within those two years, then all of these species may need to
be resurveyed before the let date.
C®N~LeS10Ns
Jurisdictional surface waters within the project area consist of approximately 50 linear
feet (15 meters), and 4401ineaz feet (i34 meters) associated with an unnamed tributary,
and a manmade pond, respectively. In addition, approximately 9.27 acres (3.75
hectares) of jurisdictional wetlands associated with Cypress Swamp occur within the
project study area. Since no alternatives have been selected, impacts to these "Waters
of the United States" cannot be determined. A Nationwide Permit #23, a Nationwide
Permit #33, and a Section 401 General Water Quality Certification may also be
required for the project. No federally protected species aze likely to be impacted by
this project. No High Quality Resources exist on the project study azea.

Natural Systems Report
for B-4135,
Halifax County
Executive Summary
During replacement of the bridge, construction of an onsite temporary detour bridge,
use of existing roadways for anoff--site detour, or construction of an offsite temporary
detour bridge will be required. Approximately 9.72 acres (3.75 hectares) of riverine
wetlands are located within the floodplain of Cypress Swamp. Additionally, a
manmade pond and an unnamed tributary to Cypress Swamp are located in the
northwestern portion of the site. If an off-site detour is not feasible and an onsite
temporary bridge is necessary, the detour will be designed such that impact to the
manmade pond and unnamed tributary to Cypress Swamp will not occur. If an onsite
temporary detour crosses the riverine wetlands, a geotechnical investigation of the
wetland substrate's consolidation potential will have to be performed. Construction of
a temporary detour bridge within the wetland area will potentially degrade the ability
of the wetland to function as well as it did before extreme compaction or distortion of
the substrate occurred from the weight of the bridge.
The existing causeway is comprised of compacted soils and is abutted by wetlands to
the north and south. The causeway extends beyond the wetlands associated with the
floodplain of Cypress Swamp. Removal of sections of the existing causeway, thereby
lengthening the bridge, has the potential to impact abutting wetlands. Based on the
width of the stream channel relative to the existing causeway, lengthening the bridge
will not improve surface flows.

Natural Systems Report
for e,4135,
Halifax Oounly
Introduction
1. latnductloe
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, Inc. (ARCADIS) has been retained by the North
Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) to prepare a Natural Systems
Technical Report for the replacement of Bridge No. 72 over Cypress Swamp on SR
1804 in Halifax County, North Cazolina. The following Natural Systems Technical
Report is submitted to assist in the preparation of the Categorical Exclusion (CE) for
the proposed project.
U hNegaeseri~tiee.
The proposed project, TIP No. B-4135, will replace Bridge No. 72 over Cypress
Swamp in Halifax County, North Carolina (Figure 1). The bridge is currently in poor
condition with numerous cracks and heavy deterioration. Rehabilitation of the existing
structure does not appear to be a feasible option due to its age and condition. The
replacement will result in a safer structure, consistent with federal and state bridge
standards.
No alternatives for the proposed project have been defined; therefore, a corridor along
SR 1804, extending approximately 2,850 feet (868.7 meters) in length and 675 feet
(205.7 meters) in width and encompassing approximately 34.7 acres (14.05 hectares),
was studied. Due to the lack of a distinct channel and the naturally broad swamp
system, no stream channel lengths were determined for Cypress Swamp. However,
approximately 9.27 acres (3.75 hectares) of jurisdictional wetlands occur within the
project study area near the bridge crossing. The project vicinity is defined as a larger
azea, approximately one-half mile on all sides of the study azea. The project region is
the azea more or less represented on a standazd 7.5-minute United States Geological
Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle map.
Since no alternatives have been identified, impacts to Waters of the United States
cannot be determined. However, bridge demolition activities will strictly follow
NCDOT's Best Management Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal (BMPs-
BDR). As per the BMPs-BDR, all methods of demolition shall be considered and
implemented where practical, other than dropping the bridge in the water.
1.Y rer~ese
The purpose of this technical report is to inventory, catalog, and describe the natural
systems within the study area. Recommendations are made for measures that will
m;nim;ze resource impacts, as well as preliminary determinations of permit needs and
1-1

mitigation options. These descriptions and estimates are based only on the defined
study area since no preliminary concepts have been formulated. If the project study
area or criteria change, additional field investigations will be necessary.
1.S Metb~dd~d
Qualified biologists from ARCADIS conducted field investigations within the project
study area during January 2003. Pedestrian surveys were undertaken to determine
natural resource conditions and to document natural communities, wildlife, and the
presence of protected species or their habitats.
Published information regarding the project area and region was derived from a
number of resources including: USGS 7.5-Minute Topographical Quadrangle Map
(Norfleet, North Carolina), United States Fish and Wildlife Service (IJSFWS) National
Wetland Inventory (NWI) map, and NCDOT aerial photomosaics of the project area
(1 "=100'). Water resources information was obtained from publications of the North
Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). Information concerning the
occurrence of federal and state protected species within the project area and vicinity
was gathered from the USFWS list of protected species (May 2002) and the North
Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database of rare species and unique
habitats (January 2003).
Dominant plant species were identified in each strata for all natural communities
encountered. Plant community descriptions are based on those classified in Schafale
and Weakley (1990), where applicable. For the content of this report, community
classifications have been modified in some instances to better reflect field
observations. Names and descriptions of plant species generally follow Radford, et al.
(1968), unless more current information is available. Animal names and descriptions
follow Martof, et al. (1980), Rohde, et al. (1994), and Webster, et al. (1985). Scientific
nomenclature and common names (when applicable) are provided for each plant and
animal species listed. Subsequent references to the same organism include the
common name only.
During surveys, wildlife identification involved a variety of observation techniques:
active searching and capture, visual observations (both with and without the use of
binoculars), and observing the characteristic signs of wildlife (sounds, scats, tracks, and
burrows). Organisms captured during these searches were identified and released
without injury. Quantitative water sampling was not undertaken to support existing
data.
Natural Systems Report
for R-4135,
Halifax C®nnty
Introduction
1-2

Natural Systems Report Y
for B-4135,
Ralifall 6anngl
Introduction
Jurisdictional wetland determinations were performed using the three-parameter
approach as prescribed in the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual
(Environmental Laboratory, 1987). Supplementary technical literature describing the
parameters of hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and hydrological indicators was
also utilized. Wetland functions were evaluated according to the NCDWQ's Rating
System, 4`~ version (1995).
lA l~~I~iatl~wsghl~et~~lleratlo~r
Investigator: Layna E. Thrush, Biologist
Education: BS, Political Science, Florida State University
MS, Forestry, North Cazolina State University
Experience: ARCADIS, May 2001 to present
Expertise: National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) investigations, Section 7
investigations, wetland determinations and delineations, and stream
determinations and delineations.
Investigator: Kimberly Y. Matthews, Staff Scientist
Education: BA, Biology, Wittenberg University
MS, Natural Resource Management, North Cazolina State University
Experience: ARCADIS, December 2002 to present
Expertise: Wetland determinations and delineations, and' stream determinations and
delineations. .
1-3

Z. Physical Resources
Halifax County is situated along the Fall Line. The eastern portion of the county lies in
the Coastal Plain physiographic province and the western portion of the county lies in
the Piedmont physiographic province of North Carolina. The geography of the county
consists predominantly of nearly level floodplains and interstream divides below the
Fall Line with gentle slopes in the interstream divides above the Fall Line. Nearly
level floodplains abut most of the streams in the region. Elevations in the project study
area range from approximately 20 feet (6 meters) above mean sea level (MSL) to 50
feet (15 meters) above MSL, as depicted on the Norfleet, North Carolina USGS .
topographic quadrangle map.
2.1 C~dN11
The Coastal Plain physiographic province of North Carolina is composed of parent
material dating back 65 to 135 million years. This parent material is associated~with
the pre-mesozoic basement rock. The region ofpre-mesozoic basement rock
associated with the project study area is well known for its deposits of mica and clay
materials in the sandy matrix.
22 silt
The process of soil development depends on both biotic and abiotic influences. These
influences include past geologic activities, nature of parent materials, environmental
and human influences, plant and animal activity, time, climate, and topographic
position. Coarsely mapped soil areas are referred to as soil associations. These soil
associations are defined as landscapes that exhibit distinctive proportional patterns of
soils consisting of one or more major soils and at least one minor soil. The soils within
an association generally vary in slope, depth, stoniness, drainage, and other
characteristics.
There are two soil associations present in the project study area: State-Altavista and
Chewacla-Riverview. The State-Altavista soil association is comprised of nearly level
and gently sloping, well drained and moderately well drained soils that have a loamy
surface layer and a loamy subsoil. This soil is found on fluvial terraces adjacent to the
Chewacla-Riverine soil association. The landscape is characterized by broad, smooth
ridges, flats, and depressions, all rarely floods. The minor soils include Chastain, Bibb,
Chewacla, and Wehadkee soils.
Natural ~IStems Report
for B-4135,
Nalifax County
Physical Resources
2-t

The Chewacla-Riverine soil association is comprised of nearly level, somewhat poorly
drained and well drained soils that have a loamy surface and a loamy subsoil. The
landscape is characterized by nearly level, broad, smooth flats that are dissected by
slightly higher, nearly level ridges. This soil is subject to frequent and occasional
flooding. The minor soils include Wehadkee soils, generally found in depressions and
back swamps.
Hydric soils aze defined as soils that are saturated, flooded, or ponded long enough
during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions that favor the growth and
regeneration of hydrophytic vegetation (Cowazdin et al., 1979). There are four soil
units mapped by the Halifax County NRCS (Anderson and Cole, 2001) within the
project study azea. One of the four soils is listed as hydric: Chewacla and Wehadkee
soils have a 0-1% slope and are occasionally flooded. Within the project study area,
Chewacla and Wehadkee soils aze located along the floodplain of Cypress Swamp. The
soil is designated as a Hydric A soil, which indicates that the entire map unit is hydric
or hydric soils are a major component of the map unit. State soils have inclusions of
Altavista soils on flats, in depressions, and along drainage ways that is designated a
Hydric B soil (Gregory, 2001). Descriptions of the four individual mapping units aze
presented in Table 1.
To~lo 1
M^!
hlt
CwA'
BcA
StA
ioscrlptloas N Boll Mopplo0 felt: Wltlll~ tho rroloct Sdtdll Aroo
s.a s^1Ns sN!^ !~^~^!^ Co^i~r^I Cb^r^wifil~tks
Chewada and 0-1
Wehadkee soils
Bojac loamy fine sand O.g%
State fine sandy loam 0-2%
~ State fine sandy loam 2fi /°
' Occurs on Hydric Soils list, USDA-NRCS,1995
Source: Anderson and Cde, 2001.
Somewhat poorly Nearly level, very deep soils on floodplains
to poorly drained along major rivers in the Coastal Plain, with
moderate permeability and slow surface
runoff
Well drained Nearly level, very deep soils on broad,
smooth ridges on fluvial terraces, with
moderately rapid permeabliy and slow
surface runoff
Well drained Nearly level, very deep, soils on broad,
smooth ridges on fluvial terraces, with
moderate permeability and slow surface
runoff
Well drained Gently sloping,. very deep soils on ridges on
fluvial terraces, with moderate permeability
and medium surface runoff
Natural Systoms Report
fer R-4135,
Halifax County
Physical Resources
2-2

Z.3 W~ur Bes~orces
Streams, creeks, and tributaries within the project region are part of the Roanoke River
Basin. The Roanoke River begins in Virginia in the Blue Ridge Mountains, flows
southeast into North Carolina, and drains into the Albemarle Sound. 'The basin
encompasses approximately 3,503 square miles (9,073 square kilometers) and contains
2,213 miles (3,561 kilometers) of stream. The Roanoke River Basin flows from north
central North Carolina southeastward across the Piedmont and Coastal Plain, where it
empties into the Pamlico Sound near New Bern. Approximately two-thirds of the land
within the basin consists of agricultural and undeveloped forested lands. Wetlands and
open water comprise approximately one-fifth of the basin area.
Cypress Swamp is a tributary to the Roanoke River and is located.in the southeast
corner of Halifax County approximately 7.2 miles (11.6 kilometers) northeast of
Scotland Neck. Cypress Swamp appears to originate in wetland areas adjacent to the
Roanoke River approximately 4.8 miles (7.7 kilometers) upstream from SR 1804.
Cypress Swamp flows in a southeasterly direction and re-converges with the Roanoke
River, approximately 4.2 miles (6.8 kilometers) downstream from SR 1804. The
project study area is located within NCDWQ Subbasin 03-02-08 and the USGS
Subbasin 03010107. The waters of Cypress Swamp are identified by the NCDWQ
Stream Index #23-41.
The NCDWQ classifies surface waters of the state based on their intended best uses.
All of Cypress Swamp, including the project study area, is classified as C waters. Class
C denotes waters suitable for all general uses including aquatic life propagation and
survival, fishing, wildlife, primary recreation, and agriculture. No Outstanding
Resource Waters (ORW), Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW), High Water Quality
(HQW), or Water Supplies waters occur within the Cypress Swamp watershed.
The Ambient Monitoring System (AMS) is a network of stream, lake, and estuarine
water quality monitoring stations strategically located for the collection of physical and
chemical water quality data. The type of water quality data or parameters collected is
determined by the waterbodies' classification and corresponding water quality
standards. The AMS determines the "use support" status of waterbodies, meaning how
well a waterbody supports its designated uses. The waters in the project study area are
currently not rated.
A benthic macroinvertebrate sampling study consisting of seven sites within the basin
was conducted in 1999; however, Cypress Swamp was not sampled. Two sites on the
Roanoke River were sampled. The fast site, located approximately 14 miles (22.5
Natural b~Istems Report
for 84135,
Nalifax County
Physical Resources
2-3

Natural Systems Report .,
far 8-4135,
Halifax eeuNty
. Physical Resources
kilometers) upstream from Hills Ferry was rated "Good" and another site
approximately 15 miles (24 kilometers) downstream Hills Ferry was rated "Good-Fair"
(NCDEM, 2001). This indicates there is a decline in the water quality of the Roanoke
River where Cypress Swamp flows into the Roanoke.River. Additional sampling is
needed to detemune the cause of impairment.
Point source dischazgers located throughout North Cazolina aze regulated through the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. Dischargers aze
required by law to register for a permit. According to North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management (NCDEM) (2001), there aze eleven permitted NPDES
dischargers in the subbasin, seven of which are minor dischargers (<1.0 MGD). There
aze no NPDES regulated dischazgers within the Cypress Swamp watershed. The major
dischargers in the subbasin are located upstream near Roanoke Rapids, NC and
downstream neaz Lewiston, NC. Information concerning these dischargers is included
in Table 2.
Tehle Z
NPDEE Dlschereers WNhle the eypross Sweep Watershed
Dellhx CeeN41, North ~enllne
NPeB hr~N# raolN4i
hruTyee
War bW
N00025721 Town of Weldon Major -Municipal Roanoke River
N00024201 Roanoke Rapids Sanitary District Major -Municipal Roanoke River
N00025437 Town of Rich Square Minor- Municpal Bridgers Creek
N0002f3835' Perdue Farms, IncJLewiston Major- Non-Municpal Roanoke River
N00079014 Panda-Rosemary, LP. Minor- Non-Municpal UT Chodcoyotte Creek
NCOOfi6192 Town of Halifax Minor - Municpal Quankey Creek
N00035636 Baker Elementary Scholl Minor -Non-Municpal UT Kehukee Swamp
N00027fi42 Odom Correctional Institute #3310 Minor-Non-Municpal Roanoke River
N00029734 Halifax Correction Center #3315 Minor -Non-Municipal Little Quankey Creek
N00027626 Caledonia Correctional Minor- Non-Municpal Roanoke River
N00000752 Champion International Major -Non-Municipal Roanoke River
Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to develop a
comprehensive public accounting of all impaired waters. The list includes waters
impaired by pollutants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and fecal coliform bacteria, and
by pollution, such as hydromodification and habitat degradation. The source of
2-4

impairment might be from point sources, nonpoint sources, or atmospheric
deposition. There are no listed Section 303(d) impaired waters in the project study
area.
2A ~pysloal aes~~rca 1~9~gs
Cut and fill activities associated with bridge approaches and/or relocated road will
impact soils due to removal, relocation, and compaction. The primary sources of
water-quality degradation in Waal areas are agricultural operations and construction.
Precautions should be taken to minimize impacts to water resources in the project
study area during construction. Aquatic organisms are very sensitive to discharges and
inputs resulting from construction. Appropriate measures must be taken to avoid
spillage and control runoff.
Potential impacts associated with construction of the proposed project include:
increased sedimentation, scouring of the streambed, soil compaction, and loss of
shading due to vegetation removal. Increased sedimentation from lateral flows is also
expected. Measures to minimize these potential impacts include the formulation of an
erosion and sedimentation control plan, provisions for waste materials and storage,
stormwater management measures, and appropriate road maintenance measures.
NCDOT's Best Management Practices for Protection of Surface Waters and
Sedimentation Control guidelines should be strictly enforced during the construction
stages of the project.
Due to the potential for water quality impacts during construction, in-stream
construction moratoriums to limit the effects on fishery resources have been suggested.
The moratorium applies if the following species are supported by the stream: sturgeon
(February 1 to June 30), brown and brook trout (October 15 to April 15), rainbow trout
(January 1 to April 15), spotfin chub (May 15 to August 15), smalhnouth bass (May 1
to July 15), eastern sunfish (April 1 to June 30), western sunfish (May 1 to June 30),
and other anadromous fish (February 15 to June 30). A 25 foot (7.6 m) buffer
moratorium exists relative to the smallmouth bass. Qualified biologists from the
NCDOT will assess the stream for the afovementioned species. Once the fish have
been identified as being supported by the stream, the appropriate moratorium will be
applied.
Essential fish habitat (EFH) is defined as "those waters and substrate necessary to fish
for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity." The aforementioned waters
include aquatic areas and their associated physical, chemical, and biological properties
used by fish and include aquatic areas historically used by fish where appropriate. The
Natural Systems Report
far 8,4135,
Halifax County
Physical Resources
2-5

aforementioned substrate includes sediment, hard bottom, structures underlying the
waters, and associated biological communities. The proposed project is not anticipated
to involve EFH.
Natural Systems Report
fer 64135,
Balifax Connty
Physical Resources
2-6

3. Biotic R~seurcos
This section describes the existing vegetation and associated wildlife that occur within
the project study area. The project study area is composed of different vegetative
communities based on topography, soils, hydrology, and disturbance. These systems
aze interrelated and in many aspects interdependent. Potential impacts. affecting these
communities aze also discussed. Scientific nomenclature and common name (when
applicable) are provided for each plant and animal species listed. Subsequent
references to the same organism include only.the common name.
~.1 M~~t Cti~MAnara~les
Community boundaries are frequently ill defined since contiguous communities
generally merge without transition zones. Distribution and composition of these
communities reflect variations in topography, soils, hydrology, and past and present
land uses. Within the study area, all natural community patterns have been modified
by previous disturbances. The following community profile description reflects the
NCNHP classification scheme. Three plant communities aze located in the project
study azea: cypress-gum swamp (brownwater subtype), mesic mixed hardwood
(Coastal Plain subtype), and maintained/disturbed lands. These communities are
described in greater detail below and are presented in Figure 2.
3.1.1 Cypress-Gum Swamp (Brownwater Subtype)
Cypress-gum swamps aze located throughout the Coastal Plain on lazge to medium size
rivers. This community is seasonally to semipermanently flooded and tends to have
periods of sustained high flow in the winter and spring. Soils aze generally fine-
textured to mucky with sandy soils occurring locally. These communities form stable
climaxes, but are slow to recover after disturbances such as logging. This community
occurs within and along Cypress Swamp and encompasses approximately 9.87 acres
(4.0 hectazes).
Cypress-gum swamp communities usually contain vegetation dominated by swamp
black gum (Nyssa aquatica) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), with black willow
(Salix nigra), swamp cottonwood (Popula heterphylla), and water hickory (Carya
aquatica). The understory and herbaceous layer are spazse and may contain Cazolina
ash (Fraxinus caroliniana) and lizard's tail (Saururus cernuus) respectively. Herbs
such as small-spike false-nettle (Boehmeris cylindrical) and partridge berry (Mitchella
repens) may occur on stumps or logs.
Natural ~IStems Report
for B-4135,
Nalifax fouuty
Biotic Resources
3-1

Maturai Systems Repen ,,
fer B-4135,
Baltfax C,unty
Biotic Resources
3.1.2 Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype)
The mesic mixed hardwood forest (Coastal Plain subtype) is found throughout the
Coastal Plain on upland areas protected from fires. These communities are mainly.
found on north-facing river bluffs and ravine slopes. The hydrology of this community
is terrestrial and mesic with various upland soils and encompasses 2.42 acres (1.0
hectares) in the project study area. The mixed hardwood community occurs as a 50 to
100 foot (15 to 30 meters) wide buffer area bordering the cypress-gum swamp
community.
The canopy of the mesic mixed hardwood forest consists of a mixture of mesophytic
trees such as American beech (Fagus grandifolia), tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera),
white oak (Quercus alba), and sweet gum (Liquidambar styrac~ua). Understory
species include flowering dogwood (Corpus florida), American holly (Ilex opaca), hop
hornbeam (Ostra virginiana), red maple (Ater rubrum), and sourwood (Oxydendrum
arboreum). The shrub and herb layers range from sparse to dense. Common shrub
species include horse-sugar (Symplocos tinctoria), witch-hazel (Hamamelis
virginiana), giant cane (Arupdinaria gigantea), and blueberry (Vaccinium spp.). Other.
shrubs include American strawberry-bush (Euopymus americana), pepper-bush
(Clethra alnifoila), and painted buckeye (Aesculus sylvatica). Herb species include
partridge berry, sedge (Carex spp.), and cucumber root (Medeola virginiana).
Disturbed areas have increased amounts of pines and weedy hardwoods such as tulip
tree and sweet gum. These disturbed areas are also susceptible to invasion by exotic
species such a Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica).
3.1.3 MaintainedlDisturbed Lands
The maintained/disturbed lands community is characterized by human influences and
artificial surfaces related to commercial and residential development, roadways,
maintained yards, and other areas that have been manipulated. Vegetation associated
with this community is kept in a low state of succession by regular mowing, farming,
or other maintenance. The project study area is located in a rural residential area and
maintained/disturbed lands are present in eastern and western sections of the profect
study area along SR 1804. This community is present throughout the eastern and
western portions of the project study area and encompasses an area of 22.42 acres (9.1
hectares), including approximately 1.07 acre (0.4 hectares) of a manmade pond.
The canopy within the maintained and disturbed lands community is not dominated by
any one species due to the sparsely planted shade trees and maintained conditions. The
canopy trees include willow oak (Quercus phellos), sweet gum, and loblolly pine
3-2

(Pinus taeda). Fescue (Festuca spp.) dominates the groundcover; however, other
species such as Japanese honeysuckle could also be found in the groundcover of this
community. The agricultural fields that are active and contained remnants of recently
harvested cotton are located in the' southwestern, northeastern, and southeastern
quadrants of the project study azea. The maintained/disturbed lands communities
include agricultural fields, several private residences, and horse pastureland.
8.1 T~mstrhl Wll~ln~
The cypress-gum swamp and mesic mixed hardwood forest communities, together
with disturbed lands, offer good plant diversity and water availability; thus providing
high quality wildlife habitat. These communities provide a variety of habitat for
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Species observed during the site visit are
indicated by an asterisk (*).
The wetland portions of the project study area may be inhabited by various reptiles and.
amphibians. Amphibians such as the eastern newt (Notophthalmus viridescens),
spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum), and mud salamander (Pseudotriton
mantanus) reside in most any sized naturally wet area and feed predominately on
aquatic invertebrates. Other amphibians, such as the southern toad (Bufo terrestris) and
the green tree frog (Hyla cinera) that feed on insects, may also be found in the project
area. Reptile species including snakes, lizards, and turtles are found throughout most
ecosystems, especially in forested azeas neaz water. Open fields and residential azeas
aze prime habitat for reptiles such as the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulates).
Other reptiles that maybe found in the project azea aze the Cazolina anole (Anolis
carolinensis) and the southeastern five-line skink (Eumeces inexpectatus). Disturbed
azeas with an abundance of sunlight, such as roadsides, forest edges, fields, and
residential areas, are adequate habitat for these species.
Another type of reptile that maybe found in the project study azea is the snake. Snakes
forage on slugs, earthworms, insects, eggs, small mammals, fish, and amphibians
depending upon the species. Snake species likely to be present within the project study
azea include the brown snake (Soreria dekayi), redbelly water snake (Nerodia
erythrogaster), and the rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta). The most ancient of all living
reptiles aze turtles, which are generally omnivorous and found in or neaz water. Turtle
species that aze likely to be found within the project study azea include the snapping
turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and eastern box turtle (Terrapene Carolina).
Bird species inhabiting or migrating through the project study area may include the
American robin* (Turdus migratorious), blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata), cazdinal
Natural Systems Report
for 8,4135,
Halifax County
Biotic Resources
3-3

Natural Systems Report
for 8-4135,
Nallfax Cennty
Biotic Resources
(Cardinalis cardinalis), tufted titmouse (Parus bicolor), rusty blackbird (Euphagus
carolinus), common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus
pileatus), brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), Carolina wren (Thryothorus
ludovicianus), belted kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura),
great blue heron (Ardea herodias), red bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus),
and Northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos). In general, these birds primarily eat
insects in warm weather months and berries or birdseed in winter months. Their nests
are above ground and most nests are located in trees or shrubs. Game species such as
woodcock (Scolopax minor) and wild turkey* (Meleagris gallopavo) may also be
present. These game birds all nest on the ground in leaf-lined depressions. The
woodcock primarily feeds on earthworms while the ruffed grouse and wild turkey
primarily feed on vegetable matter. Predatory birds such as red-tailed hawk (Buteo
jamaicensis), turkey vulture* (Cathartes aura), and eastern screech owl (Otus asio) are
likely to be found in the project vicinity. These predatory birds mainly consume
rodents and other small animals, and nest above the ground.
A diverse mammal population is expected. to be associated with the communities
present within the project vicinity. Mammals such as the eastern mole (Scalopus
aquaticus), meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), and woodland vole (M.
pinetorum) live below the soil surface in excavated burrows and hibernate underground
during the winter. Evidence of burrowing and excavated tunnels underground was
observed in the low areas in the project azea. Primarily nocturnal mammals such as the
Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and musl~at*
(Ondatra zibethicus) aze also likely to occur in the communities present within the
project area. Several of the mammals previously mentioned aze seen in disturbed
areas; however, few are more comfortable than the gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
azound azeas occupied by humans. In addition, the gray squirrel feeds on acorns and
nuts from mast producing trees present within the communities described in the project
area. Lazger mammals such as the white-tailed deer* (Odocoileus virginianus) will
also occur in the project azea. Deer are browsers, feed on the leaves and twigs of a
wide variety of plants, and aze known to inhabit azeas that aze disturbed by humans.
Deer skat were noted during the site visit.
a.s M.~to u~sxm~.~ Mmmw
The quality and diversity of aquatic habitat in Cypress Swamp is expected to be
moderate due agricultural and residential disturbance in the upland areas. Detailed
information concerning Cypress Swamp within the project area is included in Section
5.1. A freshwater mussel survey will be conducted by NCDOT.
3-4

Golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus),
pumpkinseed (L. gibbosus), mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), sawcreek darter
(Etheostoma serrifer), yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis), redfin pickeral (Esox
americanus), bluespotted sunfish (Enneacanthus gloriosus), flier (Centratchus
macropterus), warmouth (Lepomis gulosus), creek chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus),
American eel (Anguilla rostrata), swampfish (Chologaster cornulata), and pirate perch
(Aphredoderus sayanus) are species that may exist in the waters of Cypress Swamp.
These fish feed on a variety of living and organic matter including algae, insects,
worms, crustaceans, snails, and detritus.
Other aquatic species likely to be present include several of the previously mentioned
amphibian, reptilian, and mammal species. Salamanders, frogs, turtles, and muskrat
are a few of the species that inhabit both terrestrial and aquatic communities.
fA aNk bs^^rc^ II^p^qt
The impacts to natural communities cannot be estimated at this time since no design
alternatives have been identified. In the project study area, the cypress-gum swamp
community covers approximately 9.87 acres (4.0 hectares), the mesic mixed hardwood
forest community covers approximately 2.42 acres (1.0 hectares), and the
maintained/disturbed lands encompass approximately 22.42 acres (9.1 hectares). The
remaining acreage in the project study area is covered by surface waters, as described
in Section 5.1.
Temporary fluctuations in population of animal species that utilize these communities
are anticipated during the course of construction. Slow-moving, burrowing, and/or
subterranean organisms will be directly impacted by construction activities, while
mobile organisms will be displaced to adjacent communities. competitive forces in
the adapted communities will result in a redefinition of population equilibrium.
Aquatic organisms are acutely sensitive to changes in their environment and
environmental impacts from construction activities may result in long term or
irreversible effects. Impacts usually associated with in-stream construction include
increased channelization and scouring of the streambed. In-stream construction alters
the substrate and impacts adjacent streamside vegetation. Such disturbances within the
substrate lead to increased siltation, which can clog the gills and/or feeding
mechanisms of benthic organisms, fish, and amphibian species. Siltation may also
cover benthic macroinvertebrates with excessive amounts of sediment that inhibit their
ability to obtain oxygen. These organisms are slow to recover and usually do not, once
the stream has been severely impacted.
Natural Systems Report
for 8-4135,
Nallfa~l Counp~
Biotic Resources
3-5

Natural Systems Report
for B-4135,
Halifas County
Biotic Resources
The removal of streamside vegetation and placement of fill material during
construction enhances erosion and possible sedimentation. Quick revegetation of these
areas helps to reduce the impacts by supporting the underlying soils. Erosion and
sedimentation may carry soils, toxic compounds, trash, and other materials into the
aquatic communities at the construction site. As a result, bars may form at and
downstream of the site. Increased light penetration from the removal of streamside
vegetation may increase water temperatures. Warmer water contains less oxygen, thus
reducing aquatic life that depends on high oxygen concentrations.
3~

4. Waters of the United States
Section 404 of the CWA requires regulation of discharges into "Waters of the United
States." The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is the principal
administrative agency of the CWA; however, the United States Army Corps of
Engineers (USAGE) has the responsibility for implementation, permitting, and
enforcement of the provisions of the CWA. The USAGE regulatory program is
defined in 33 CFR 320-330.
Water bodies, including lakes, rivers, and streams, are subject to jurisdictional
consideration under the Section 404 program. Wetlands are also identified as "Waters
of the United States." Wetlands, defined in 33 CFR 328.3, are those areas that are
inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration
sufficient to support, and under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of
vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Any action that
proposes to place fill into these areas falls under the jurisdiction of the USAGE under
Section 404 of the CWA (33 U.S.C. 1344).
4.1 s111fu~ Ylht~rs
The NCDWQ defines a perennial stream as a clearly defined channel that contains
water for the majority of the year. These channels usually have some or all of the
following characteristics: distinctive streambed and bank, aquatic life, and
groundwater flow or discharge. One perennial stream was identified in the project area
as an unnamed tributary to Cypress Swamp. _
Cypress Swamp does not have a defined channel. However, aquatic life and
groundwater flow or discharge is present, thus Cypress Swamp is classified as
jurisdictional waters by the USAGE and NCDWQ. At the time of the site visit, Cypress
Swamp had a thin layer of ice. The ice made it difficult to determine the rate of flow
and the depth of water. Cypress Swamp exhibited good clarity, although the water was
stained brown. Leaf litter was abundant on the bed of the swamp.
An unnamed tributary one (UT 1) is located in the northwestern portion of the project
study area. The stream channel begins at the discharge of the manmade pond and
flows, approximately 350 feet (107 meters), until the channel form and pattern is lost
into Cypress Swamp. Approximately 50 feet (15 meters) of UTI is located within the
project study area. The stream had a depth on 0.5 to 1.5 feet (0.2 to 0.5 meters), a bank
height of 1 to 4 feet (0.3 to 1.2 meters), and a width of approximately 5 to 8 feet (1.5 to
Hatnral Systems Bepert
for B-4135,
Halifax County
Waters of the United States
41

Natural Systoma Roport ,
for 6,413,
Nolifex Ceunty
Waters of the United States
2.4 meters). The bed is comprised of silty substrate and leaf litter, and a slow flow was
observed. The water was clear, but brownish in color.
A manmade pond is located in the northwestern portion of the project study area. This
pond is maintained by a manmade dam located northwest of the bridge on SR 1804.
The pond is an impoundment of the waters of the unnamed tributary to Cypress
Swamp. The water that flows through the dischazge pipes of the pond forms UTl and
eventually flows into Cypress Swamp. The pond covers approximately 1.1 acres (0.5
hectares) of the study project azea. The pond is approximately 440 feet (134 meters) in
length and 80 feet (24 meters) in width. The field investigators were not able to see the
bottom of the pond; however, the depth is estimated to be greater than 8 feet (2.4
meters). Cypress Swamp, the manmade pond, and the unnamed tributary are classified
as jurisdictional waters.
~ 1^f~ifCtl^^^I.WtlI^^as
Investigation of wetland occur ence in the project impact area was conducted using
methods outlined in the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual
(Environmental Laboratory 1987). One jurisdictional wetland was noted within the
project study area. The wetland is riverine and related to Cypress Swamp, and its
USFWS classification is PFO1C and PFOI/2F (Cowazdin, 1979). The wetland area is
located in the central portion of the project study area, comprises approximately 9.27
acres (3.75 hectazes), and continues beyond the project study limits to the north and
south.
The wetland contains acypress-gum swamp community and the hydrology is
associated with the waters of Cypress Swamp. The overstory vegetation is dominated
by bald cypress and black gum, and includes sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). The
understory contains red maple, Japanese honeysuckle, greenbrier (Smilax spp.), and
holly (Ilex spp.). Water was within 10 inches (25 centimeters) of the surface at the time
of the field investigation. Soil texture is that of silty clay loam in the A horizon, silt
loam in the B 1 horizon, and sandy clay loam in the B2 horizon. The A horizon is
approximately 2 inches (5 centimeters) thick with a matrix color of l OYR 4/2 and
many fine roots and oxidized root channels. The B1 horizon is 2 to 10 inches deep (5 to
25 centimeters) with a matrix color of l OYR 4/2 and many, distinct, fine mottles with a
color of 7.SYR 5/8. The B1 horizon has few, fine roots present. The B2 horizon starts
at 10 inches (25 centimeters) below the surface with a matrix color of lOYR 5/1 and
many, distinct, medium mottles with color SYR 5/8. The delineated wetland area
encompasses 9.27 acres (3.75 hectares). The wetland data forms and the wetland rating
forms aze located in Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively.
42

The upland plot is located approximately 25 feet (10.7 meters) upslope from the
southwestern wetland area and approximately 3 feet (1 meter) higher that the wetland
area. The vegetation consists of American beech, sweet gum, holly, privet (Ligustrum
sinense), greenbrier, and giant cane. Soil texture is sandier than the wetland area with
sandy texture in both the A and B horizons; however, some organic matter is mixed in
the A horizon. The A horizon is approximately 2 inches (5 centimeters) thick with a
matrix color of 7.SYR 3/4 with no mottles. The B horizon is at least 10 inches (25
centimeters) thick with a matrix color of 10YR6/8.
4.' IIRpaC1i t~ Wat~R M W~ e^IUY Sates
Since no alternatives have been selected, impacts to "Waters of the United States"
cannot be deternuned. However, project construction will likely .infringe on
jurisdictional surface waters through bridge abutments and channel stabilization.
Anticipated impacts to "Water of the United States" fall under the jurisdiction of the
USACE. Project construction may also impact jurisdictional wetlands, although these
impacts will not be known until alternatives have been identified.
Bridge demolition activities associated with this project will strictly follow the
NCDOT's "Best Management Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal." As per
the BMPs-BDR, all methods for demolition shall be considered and implemented
where practical, other than dropping the bridge in the water. Information regarding the
existing bridge structure and the potential amount of fill from demolition activities is
not available at this time and will be supplied by NCDOT in the CE document for the
project.
During replacement of the bridge, construction of an onsite temporary detour bridge,
use of existing roadways for anoff--site detour, or construction of an offsite temporary
detour bridge will be required.. Approximately 9.72 acres (3.75 hectazes) of riverine
wetlands are located within the floodplain of Cypress Swamp. Additionally, a
manmade pond and an unnamed tributary to Cypress Swamp are located in the
northwestern portion of the site. If an off-site detour is not feasible and an onsite
temporary bridge is necessary, the detour will be designed such that impact to the
manmade pond and unnamed tributary to Cypress Swamp will not occur. If an onsite
temporary detour crosses the riverine wetlands, a geotechnical investigation of the
wetland substrate's consolidation potential will have to be performed. Construction of
a temporary detour bridge within the wetland area will potentially degrade the ability
of the wetland to function as well as it did before extreme compaction or distortion of
the substrate occurred from the weight of the bridge.
Natural Systems Report
for 8,4135,
Nalifall County
Waters of the United States
43

Natural Systems Report ,
for 8,4135,
Halifax Cannty
Waters of the United States
The existing causeway is comprised of compacted soils and is abutted by wetlands to
the north and south. The causeway extends beyond the wetlands associated with the
floodplain of Cypress Swamp. Removal of sections of the existing causeway, thereby
lengthening the bridge, has the potential to impact abutting wetlands. Based on the
width of the stream channel relative to the existing causeway, lengthening the bridge
will not improve surface flows.
4~A Mrril~ ae~^inseots
Impacts to "Waters of the United States" come under the jurisdiction of the USACE.
The Nationwide Permit #23 (Approved Categorical Exclusions) should cover the
impacts to jurisdictional streams in the project study area. Nationwide Permit #33
(Temporary Construction, Access, and Dewatering) maybe needed for temporary
construction access if that is not addressed in National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA) document. A. final permitting strategy cannot be developed until a design
alternative is selected.
A Section 401 General Water Quality Certification is also required for any activity that
may result in a discharge into "Waters of the United States" or for which an issuance of
a federal permit or license is issued. Certifications are administered through the
NCDWQ.
Final determination of permit applicability lies with the USACE. The NCDOT will
coordinate with the USACE after the completion of final design to obtain the necessary
permits.
45 MNfl~ti~~
The USACE has adopted, through the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), a
mitigation policy that embraces'the concepts of "no net loss of wetlands" and
sequencing. The purpose of this policy is to restore and maintain the chemical,
biological, and physical integrity of "Waters of the United States," specifically
wetlands. Mitigation of wetland impacts has been defined by the CEQ to include:
avoidance of impacts (to wetlands), minimizing impacts, rectifying impacts, reducing
impacts over time, and compensating for impacts (40 CFR Section 1508.20). Each of
these three aspects (avoidance, minimization, and compensatory mitigation) must be
considered in sequential order.
Avoidance mitigation examines all appropriate and practicable possibilities of averting
impacts to "Waters of the United States." According to a 1990 Memorandum of
4-4

ti.
Agreement (MOE) between the USEPA and the USACE, in determining "appropriate
and practicable" measures to offset unavoidable impacts, such measures should be
appropriate to the scope and degree of those impacts and practicable in terms of cost,
existing technology, and logistics in light of overall project purposes. Some
unavoidable impacts to surface waters and one jurisdictional wetland will result from
project construction.
Minimisation includes the examination of appropriate and practicable steps to reduce
the adverse impacts to "Waters of the United States." Implementation of these steps
will be required through project modifications and permit conditions. Minimization
typically focuses on decreasing the footprint of the proposed project through the
reduction of median widths, right-of--way widths, fill slopes, and/or road shoulder
widths. The following other methods are suggested to minimize adverse impacts to
"Waters of the United States":
1. Strictly enforce Best Management Practices (BMPs) to control sedimentation
during project construction.. "
2. Minimize clearing and grubbing activity.
3. Decrease or eliminate discharges into Cypress Swamp.
4. Reestablish vegetation on exposed areas with judicious pesticide and herbicide
management.
5. Minimise "in-stream" activity.
6. Use responsible litter control practices.
Compensatory mitigation is not normally considered until anticipated impacts to
"Waters of the United States" have been avoided and minimised to the maximum
extent possible. It is recognized that "no net loss of wetlands" functions and values
may not be achieved in each and every permit action. Appropriate and practicable
compensatory mitigation is required for unavoidable adverse impacts that remain after
all appropriate and practicable minimization has been required. Compensatory actions
often include restoration, creation, and enhancement of "Waters of the United States,"
specifically wetlands. Such action should be undertaken in areas adjacent to or
contiguous to the discharge site.
Nationwide Permits usually do not require mitigation according to the MOE between
the USEPA and the USACE. However, fmal mitigation requirements are determined
by the USACE.
Natural Systems Rep®rt
far B-4135,
Halifax County
Waters of the United States
45

Natural Systems Roport ,s
for 8,4135, Nalifaa bounty
Rare and Protected Species
5. Raro and Protoctod Spocios
Some populations of fauna and flora have been, or are, in the process of decline due to
either natural forces or their inability to coexist with humans. Federal law (under the
provisions of Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended) requires
that any action likely to adversely affect a species classified as federally protected be
subject to review by the USFWS. Other species may receive additional protection
under separate laws. As of February 18, 2003, the USFWS identified three
Endangered (E) and one Threatened (T) species as potentially occurring in Halifax
County. Table 1 lists these federally protected species and their status. Descriptions of
these species and their habitats are discussed below.
Table 3
Potienlly Pretected Species Knows from Nollhx Cowl, Norlb Conllno
Sclontltle Ns®o c~~~1oa Ib^o h~onl
Stets Stt~
Stets
Sorubntos
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Bald eagle
T
T
Picoides borealis
1 Red~cockaded woodpecker E E
Alasmiabnta heterodon Dwarf wedge mussel E E
Ellip6o steinstansana Tar spinymussel E E
Notes: E -Endangered; T-Threatened
at wrobnte:
Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Federal: THREATENED -proposed delisted
State: THREATENED
The mature bald eagle (usually 4+ years in age) can be identified by its large white
head and short white tail. The body plumage is dark-brown to chocolate-brown in
color. Bald eagles can easily be distinguished from other birds by their flat wing soar.
They are primarily associated with large bodies of water where food is plentiful. Eagle
nests are found in close proximity to water (usually within 0.5 mile (0.8 km)) with a
clear flight path to the water, in the largest living tree in an area, with an open view of
the surrounding land. Human disturbance can cause nest abandonment. The breeding
5-1

Natural Systems Report
for B-4135, Balifax County
Rare and Protected Species
season for the bald eagle begins in December and January. Fish aze the major food
source, although forage items include coots, herons, wounded ducks, and carrion.
As of July 6, 1999, this species is currently under consideration by the USFWS for a
proposed de-listing of their threatened status. However, this raptor will still be
protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Act, and populations will continue to be monitored for at least another five
years under provisions of the Endangered Species Act.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the bald eagle consisting of lazge bodies of water does not exist
within the project area. In addition, there is a large amount of human disturbance
azound the project study area. Review of NCNHP maps indicated no known
populations of this species within one mile of the project study azea. No impacts to this
species from project construction are anticipated.
Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis)
Federal Status: ENDANGERED
State Status: ENDANGERED
The red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) is found in pine forest in the southeastern
United States. The RCW is unique compared to other woodpeckers because it nests
exclusively in living pine trees. It is identified by plumage that is entirely black and
white except for small red streaks on the sides of the nape of the male. The back of the
RCW is black and white with horizontal stripes. The breast and underside of the
woodpecker aze white with streaked flanks. The RCW has a large white cheek patch
surrounded by a black cap, nape, and throat.
The RCW uses open old growth stands of southern pines, particularly longleaf pine
(Pinus palustris) for foraging and nesting habitat. If longleaf pines are not present, the
RCW will occasionally use slash pine (Pinus elliotti), pond pine (Pinus serotina), or
loblolly pine. A forested stand should contain at least 50 percent pine, lack a thick
understory, and be contiguous with other stands to be appropriate for the RCW. It
forages mainly on insects including ants, beetles, wood-boring insects, caterpillars, and
corn ear worms, if available. RCWs nest exclusively in trees that are generally older
than 60 years and contiguous with pine stands at least 30 years of age. The foraging
range of the RCW may extend to 500 acres (200 hectares).
5-2

Natural Systems Report
fer B-4135, NaNf'x Ceunty
Rare and Protected Species
Since the RCW nests exclusively in living pines, trees infected with red-heart disease
(Fomes pint) aze often selected for cavity excavation because the inner heartwood is
usually weakened. Cavities are located in colonies from 12 to 100 feet (3.6 to 30.3
meters) above ground level and below live branches. The nests can be identified by a
lazge encrustation of running sap that surrounds the tree. The RCW lays its eggs in
April, May, and June; the eggs hatch approximately 38 days later.
The RCW was described by Audubon as being abundant in 1839, but it received little
study until azound 1970, when investigations began to indicate that the species could
be headed for extinction. The decline is attributed primarily to the reduction of pine
forest with old growth trees and to the encroachment of hazdwood midstory due to fire
suppression.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the red-cockaded woodpecker is not present in the project study
azea. There aze no areas of open or mature pine stands that aze the preference of the
bird. NCNHP has no rec. ords of any known populations of the red-cockaded
woodpecker within the project study azea. No impacts are anticipated to the RCW
because of project construction.
52 hwrtebretes
Dwarf wedge mussel (Alasmidonta heterodon)
Federal Status: ENDANGERED
State Status: ENDANGERED
The dwarf wedge mussel is a relatively small (from 0.9 to 1.8 inches in length) mussel
with a subrhomboidal to subtrapezoidal shell. The exterior shell color is greenish-
brownwith green rays. The interior nacre is bluish to silvery white. This species is
unique in the reversed arrangement of its lateral teeth; there are two teeth on the right
valve and one on the left. The dwarf wedge mussel had an historic range from New
Brunswick, Canada south to the Neuse River in North Cazolina. Currently, the range is
greatly reduced in the northern portion of the range and fragmented throughout the
southern portion. In the project vicinity, populations are known from the Tar and
Neuse River basins in North Carolina. This mussel inhabits lazge rivers to small
streams within its range. The preferred substrate is clay banks stabilized with the root
systems of trees. Other bed substrates include coarse sands, mixed sand, gravel and
5-3

i~
cobble, and very soft silts. The most important feature of their preferred habitat
appears to be excellent to.good water quality.
Biological Conclusion: No Ef~`ect•
Suitable habitat is not available in Cypress Swamp. NCNHP has no records of any
known populations of dwarf wedge mussel within cone-mile (1.6 km) radius of the
project area. This mussel has never been found in the Roanoke River watershed.
Therefore, this species will not be impacted because of project construction.
Tar River spinymussel (Elliptio steinstansana)
Federal Status: ENDANGERED
State Status: ENDANGERED
The Tar River spinyrnussel is a small mussel, up to 2.8 inches,. with a subrhomboidal
shell. It is one of only three freshwater mussels in the world with spines. The
juveniles have up to 12 spines and an outer shell of orange-brown with greenish rays;
adults tend to lose spines as they mature and their shells aze darker with inconspicuous
rays. The interior nacre is yellow to pinkish anteriorly and bluish white to iridescent
posteriorly. This mussel is endemic to the Tar and Neuse River drainages of the lower
Piedmont and upper Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Most populations aze known
from medium streams to rivers with fast flowing water of the Tar River basin. It lives
in silt free, unconsolidated gravel or coarse sand usually in shallow water but will
utilize deep water with appropriate substrates.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for the Tar River spinymussel is not present in the project study area.
NCNHP has no records of any known populations of the Tar River spinymussel within
a one-mile (1.6 km) radius of the project area. In addition, this mussel has never been
found in the Roanoke River watershed. Therefore, this species will not be impacted
because of project construction. •
Federal Species of Concern
There are nine federal species of concern (FSC) listed by the USFWS for Halifax
County. These species are not protected under the provisions of Section 7 of the
Endangered Species Act. FSC aze defined as species under consideration for listing for
which there is insufficient information to support listing as threatened or endangered
Natural Systems Report
far B-4135, NalNax County
Rare and Protected Species
5-a

Natural Systoma Ropert ti
for B-4139, Balifax County
Rare and Protected Species
(formerly C2 candidate species). The status of these species maybe upgraded at any
time, thus they are included here for consideration. The NCNHP lists of January 2003
included these species and identified an additional twenty-eight species receiving
protection under state laws. Protections afforded to species listed under state law are
not applicable to this project. Table 2 lists the FSC, their state status, and the existence
of suitable.habitat within the project area. A review of NCNHP maps depicting.known
populations of these federal species of concern found no lrnown populations of FSC
within aone-mile (1.6-km) radius of the project study area.
5-5

r
. Nawral Systems Report
for B-4135, Nalifax 6eunty
Rare and Protected Species
Tadl• 4
Fetleal stlecie:nee®cern xaawa haa~ eax~c ceaelr, Marta CanNaa
Ca®~eaa Na®e Soieatsio Na®e htlaral scan aablat Ragairon~oals
Sntas snas

aadl~t
Araaadla
Yatadraas
Bachman' sparrow Aimophila aesBvalis FSC SC Scrubby vegetation and a dense No
herbaceous understory, grassy glades
and pine savannas.
"Carolina" madtom Noturus furio~sus FSC SR Tar River drainages
' population 1
Cerulean warbler Dendroica cerulea FSC SR Mature hardwood forests with an open Yes
understory.
Atlantic pigtce Fusconaia masoni FSC E Relatively fast waters of high quality No
rivers or large creeks; typically found in
headwaters or rural watersheds.
Chowanoke crayfish Onaonectes virginiensis FSC SC Sluggish streams or swamps on sand Yes
or gravel substrates.z
Tar River crayfish Procambarus medialis FSC Ditches with very slow to no flow and No
sandy mud bottoms.
Yellow lampmussel Lampsilis cariasa FSC E Larger streams and rivers in sand and No
gravel with good current.
Yellow lance Ellip6o lanceolate FSC E .Sandy substrates, rocks, mud, and No
slack water areas of medium-sized
rivers.

Bog St. John's-wort Hypericum adpressum FSC SR-T Wetlands, usually along shores and Yes
ponds with fluctuating water tables.
Carolina least trillium Trillium pusillum var. FSC E Ecotones between savannas and No
pusillum nonriverine wet hardwood forests.
Status: E - Endangered; T -Threatened; FSC -Federal Speces of Concern;
SC - State Species of Concern; SR -State Significanty Rare;
SR-T -Significantly Rare Throughout North Carolina. .
'Watch List Speces (Clamp,1999)
(Bessken, 2000)
z (NHP-ICAS,1999)
5-6

6. References
Anderson, D.T. and C.D. Cole, 2001. Soil Survey of Halifax County. Natural
Resources Conservation~Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
Cowardin, L. M., V. Carter, F. C. Golet and E. T. LaRoe, 1979. Classification of
Wetlands and Deepwater Habitat of the United States. Fish and Wildlife
Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.
Environmental Laboratory, 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual,
Technical Report Y-87-1. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment
Station, Vicksburg, MS. 100 pp. + appendices.
Gregory, J.D. 2001. Hydric Soils and Growing Season: Wetland Delineation Data for
North Carolina. Department of Forestry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.
Martof, B. S., Palmer, W. M., Bailey, J. R., and J. R. Harrison III, 1980. Amphibians
and Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. The University of North Carolina
Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 264 pp.
Natural Heritage Program (NHP) Invertebrate Characterization Abstracts (State of
North Carolina) (ICAS). 1999. Printed from the Biological Conservation
Database.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ), Department of Environment and
Natural Resources, 1995. Guidance for Rating the Values of Wetlands in
North Carolina. Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS), 1991. Geologic Map of North Carolina.
Printed 1991, reprinted 1996. .
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP), 2003. Element Occurrence List
for Halifax County, North Carolina. North Carolina Division of Parks and
Recreation, Raleigh, NC.
Radford, A. E., Ahles, H. E., and C. R. Bell, 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 1183 pp.
Ratural Systems Report
for B-A135,
Raiffax County
References
6-1

Nawral Systems Report
for B,4135,
Nalifax County
References
Rohde, F. C., R. G. Arndt, D. G. Lindquist, and J. P. Parnell, 1994. Freshwater Fishes
of the Cazolinas, Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. The University of North
Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC.
Schafale, M. P. and A. S. Weakley, 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities
. of North Cazolina, A Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 2003. Halifax County Endangered Species,
Threatened Species, and Federal Species of Concern. United States
Department of Interior.
Webster, W. D., Parnell, J. F., and W. C. Biggs, 1985. Mammals of the' Cazolinas,
Virginia, and Maryland. The University of North Cazolina Press, Chapel Hill,
NC. 255 pp.
6-2

Nawral Systems Report
for 8,4135,
Halifax County
Figures

Appendix A
WeNand Data Forms

Appendix B
Wetland Rating Forms

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERIVIIl~iATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Replacement otBridAe No. 72 over Cynress Swamp (T7P B-4135)
Applicant/Owner. NCDOT
Investigator(s): Layna Thrush, Kim Matthews
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? ~ No
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? es o
_Is this area a potential Problem Area? Yes o
Date: January 28,2003
County: Halifax
State: North Carolina
Community II Wetland
Transect ID:
Plot ID:
«r_~~r ,- ~rrn~t
o 't ~ v t d o o t ant Indicator
1. Taxodium distichum -tree OBL 9.
2. Nvssa aquatics tree OBL 10.
3. Platanus oceidentalis tree FACW 11.
4. Acer rubrum understorv FA W I2.
S. Ilex spp. tmderstorv 13.
6. Lonicera iaponica vine FAC- 14.
7. Smilax spp. vine FAC 15.
g, 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW, or FAC (excluding FAC-).
Remarks: dominated by Taxodium distichum and Nyssa aquatic, especially in undisturbed areas+ _
srvn•unr nnv
eco _ ata cribe m )
Stream, Lake, or tide Gauge
Aerial Photographs
• Oma
X No Recorded Data Available et d y o ogy cators:
Primary Indicators:
~~~~
X Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
_ Water Marks
Drill Lines
Sediment Deposits
Field Observations: _
_,Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
Depth of Surface Water. (in.) X Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: (in.) X Locai Soil Survry Data
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: 10 (in.) _ Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Wetland area contiguous with Cypress swamp.

cnrr.c
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Chewacla and Wehadkee Soils Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly/poorly drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup) Chewaela: Fluvaquentic Dystrochrepts Confirm Mapped Type? Yes ®o
We adkee: T is Fluva ent
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Mansell Moistl (Mansell Moistl Abundance/Contrast Structure, etc.
0-2 A 70YR 4/Z silt cl loam
2-10 BI lOYR 4/Z 7.SYR S/8 nrany fine, distinct silt oam
- 10+ Bl /0YR S/1 SYR S/1 menu, medium, distinct sandy clan loam
Hydric Soil Indicators: •
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
X Aquic Moisture Regime X Listed on Local Hydric Soils List
X Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
X Gleyed or Low-Chrome Colors Other (Explain in Rematlcs)
Remarks: Oxidized root channels throughout.
WETLAND DETElZM1NA11UP1
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? es • No
Wetland Hydrology Present? es No
Hydric Soils Present? Yea No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? ~ No
Remarks: Plot was located opproximatley S feet down slope from point iVB19.

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERA~IINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Replacement grBridAe No. 72 over Cypress Swamp (TTP B-4135) Date: January 28,2003
ApplicantlOwner. NCDOT County: Halifax
Investigator(s): Layna Thrush, Kim Matthews State: North Carolina
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? es No Community IL Upland
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? es o Transect ID:
Is this area a potential Problem Area? Yes ®° Plot ID:
-(If needed, a lain on reverse
VTi:I'~F.TATT[1N
oaunant ant vecies tratum icator onunant ant vecies tratum ~cator
1. FaRus ~randi}vlia tree FACU 9.
2. Liguidambar styraciflua tree FAC+ 10.
3. Ilex spp. shrub 11.
4. Smilax spp. vine FAC 12.
5. Li~ustrum sinense shrub FAC 13.
6. Arudinaria ~i,~antea herb FACW 14.
7. 15.
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW, or FAC (excluding FAC-).
Remarks:
RV11R(1T.nGV
_ eco ata escn m etnarks
Stream, Lake, or tide Gauge-
Aerial Photographs
Other
X No Recorded Data Available an y ogy cators:
Primary Indicators:
_ Inundated
_ Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
_ Water Marks
Drill Lines
Sediment Deposits
Field Observations: _Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
- Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
Depth of Surface Water: (in.) Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
-Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: (in.) Local Soil Survey Data
X FAC Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: (in.) -Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Break between upland and wetland occurs sharply at break in slope; distinct.

a
s
cnrr .c
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): State one sandy loam ~ Drainage Class: Well drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup) Typic Hapludult Confirm Mapped Type? Yes ®°
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Mansell Moistl (Mansell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure, etc.
0-1 A 7.SR3/4 • sandy/organic
- 2+ B IOYR6/8 sandy
Hydric Soil Indicators:
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List
Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
Gleyed or Low-Chrome Colors Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Soil very sandy and brightly colored.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? ~ No
Wetland'Hydrology Present? Yes No
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks: Upland plot waslocated approximately 2S feet upslope from point WB19.

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CYPRESS ~~ ~
SWAMP ~~
HALIFAX COUI~ITY
LOCATION: BRIDGE 72 OVER CYPRESS SWAMP ON SR 1804
TYPE OF WORIC~ GRADING, DRAINAGE, PAVING, AND STRUCTURES
M
0
Q
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BEGIN TlP PROJECT 8-4135 END TIP PROJECT 8-4135
-L- STA 13+TB -L- STA 20+42
NOTE:
CLEARING ON THIS PROJECT SHOULD BE PERFORMED
TO THE LIMITS ESTABLISHED BY METHOD Q
., DESIGN EXCEPTION REQUIRED FOR HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT AND HORIZONTAL STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE.
THIS PROJECT IS NOT WlfHIN ANY MUNICIPAL BOUNDARIES.
PRELIMINARY PLANS
ro r6r we rob C~VDrAIC110N

Note; Not m Scale
*S.U.1S = Ssrbl~face Utility Exgitteerirg
BOUNDARIES AND PROPERTY
S~°~'°fl°'~ OF N~RTI~ C.~I8~1LIN.~
b-IVISION ~1F ~IIGHWt~~S
CONVENTIONAL PLAN SHEET SYMBOLS
StaN Une ------------------------------------ -...._._._
-----------------------------------
nt
Un
C
ou
y
e
Township Une ---------------------------------
Cii
r U
t
ne
Reservation Une ------------------------------ - - - - -
Property line ~---------------------------------
Edsting Iron Pin ------------------------------ n
Property Comer ------------------------------- -~
Property Monument---------------------------- ~
Parcel/Sequence Number ---------------------
Existing Fsrrte Une •--------------------------- -x-x-x-
Proposed Woven Wiro Fena ----------------- e
Proposed Chain Unk Fence ----------------- e
Proposed Barbed Wlro Ferxe ----------------- 0
Exisf(ng Wetland Boundary ----------------- ----~----
Proposed Wetland Boundary -----------------
Existing High Quality Wetland Boundary ------ -~ •~-
Exlding Endangered Mimal Boundary ~-
ExisNng Endangerod Plant Boundary --------- ~-
BUILDINGS AND OTHER CUL?TIRB.•
Gas Pump Pent or U~ Tank Cap ------------ o
Sign ------------------------------------------- g
WeB '--------'-
Small Mine -----------------------------=------ 5t~
Foundation ------------------------------------ ~
Aroa Outline --------------------------------- ~
Cemetery ------------------------------------ ~~

g --------------
Buildin ------------------------- ~~
School ---------------------------------------
Church ---------------------------------------
Dam -------------------------------------------
HYDROLOGY
Stream or Body of Water --------------------
Hydro, Pool or Reservoir ---------------------- r_-_---~
',Lt_ -J
River Bwin Buffer °------°-°--------°---- RBR
Flow Arrow-------------•------------------- ~
Dbappearing Stream ~------------------------=
Spring ---------------------------------------- c~'``.!~
Swamp Manh ------------------------------- ~
Proposed lateral, Tail, Head Ditch ----------- ~
<-,,.
False 5ump ---------------------------------- ~
RAILROADS:
Standard Guage ------------------------------
C57 7RAISPplf~OQ1
RR Si Hal Mil o
g ePod ---------------------------- wcron ss
Switch ----------------------------------------- (~
RR Abandoned
RR Dismantled
RIGHT' o~ wAY
Baseline Control Point ---------------------- .
Existing RigMofWay Marker ---------------- ~
E>osting Right of Way Une ---------------- - -
Proposed Right of Way Une ---------------- -~--
Proposed Right ofWoy Une with -------
------
Iron Pin and Cap Marfaxr
Proposed RightofWay Une with
___---
Concrote or Gron'te Marker -------
Existing Control of Access ------------------- -~_-
Proposed Control of Access ------------------- -~-
ExWing Easement line . ------------------- --E--
Proposed Temporary Condruclion Easement - e
Proposed Temporary Drainage Easerrwnt----- -~-
Proposed PertnanentDroinage Easement----- -~-
Proposed PermonentUtilNy Easement -------- -ruE-
ROADS AND RLZATBD FEATZIRES.•
Exuhng EdgO of Pavement'------------°----- --
Existing Curb --------------------------------
Proposed Slope Stakes Cut ------------------ ---~---
Proposed Slope Stakes FIII ------------------- --- F-
Proposed Wheel Chair Ramp ----------------
Curb Cut for Futuro Wheel Chair Ramp ~----- cr
Existing Metal Guardrail ---------------------- - T- -~ ~-
Proposed Guardrail -------------------------- T
Exsting Cable Guideroil -------------------- -~- ~ ~ -
Proposed Cable Guideroil--------------------
Equailiiy Symbol ---------------------------
Pavement Removal -
I~EGETATION.•
Single Tree -------------------------=-------- (~
Single Shrub ---------------------------------- o
Hedga ----------------------------------------~~.
~L
Woods Une ----------------------------------
Orchard --------------------------------------- Q 4 f3 Q
----
Vineyard-------------°-----°°-°°---------~ -nnevora 1
EXISTING STRUCTURES.•
MAJOR:
Bridge, Tunnel or Box Culvert ---------------- ~
Bridge Wing Woll, Head Wall and End Wall -~ ~ ~
MINOR:
Head and End Wall ------------------------ w „.
-----
ipe Cu rt --------------------------------
Footbridge -----------------------------------)-------C
Drainage Box: Cakh Basin, DI or JB --------- ^~B
Paved Dikh Gutter-------------------------- -----
Stone Sewer Manhole ----------------------
Storm Sewer -------------------------------
UTILITIES:
POWER:
.lidding Power Pale -------------------------- ~
Proposed Power Pole ------------------------- b
Existing Joint Use Pole ----------------=------ -~-
Proposed Joint Use Pole----------------------
PowerManhole ------------------------------ 0
Power Une Tower ----------------------------
Power Transformer --------------------------- 0
U~G Power Caws Hand Hole----------------
H-Frame Pole ----------------------•-------- e--.
Recorded L6G Power Une-------------------- •
Deli Hated L6G Power Une S.U.E.
g ( 7 --------
--
- -~- - - -
TEU2PHONE:
Existing Telephone Pols --------------------- +.
Proposed Telephone Pole ~------------------- -0-
Telephone Manhole -------------------------- 8
Telephone Booth ~---------------------------- ~
Telephone Pededal --------------------------
Telephone CeIlTower------------------------ ~,
UG Telephone Cable Hond Hole -----------
Recorded USG Telephone Cable -------------
Designated USG Telephone Cable (S.U.E.`) -- - - - -~- - - -
Recorded USG Telephone Conduit --------- n
Designated U~ Telephone Conduit(S.U.E.'j- ----tt----
Recorded USG Fiber Opiia Cable ------------ ~ ro-
Designated USG FiberOptiuCable (S.U.E.'j- ----,F,___.
WAT91:
WahrMonhole-------------------------------
WahrMeter---------------------------------- o
Water Valve •---------------------------------
Water Hydrant ------------------------------- 0
Recorded USG Water Urre ------------------- •--
DesignaNd USG WahrUne (S.U.E.'9--------- - ---~----
Above Ground Water Line ------------------- Ass •mK
N:
N Satellite D'udr ----------------------------- ~
TV Pedestal ----------------------------------
TV Tower ------------------------------------
U~G N Cable Hand Hole--------------------
Recorded USG N Cable --------------------
Designated USG N Cable (S.U.E!)---------- ----r----
Recaded lLG Fiber Optic Cable ------------ n«
Designahd lLG Flbsr Optic Cable (S.U.E.")-- - - - -~• ~-- - -
GAS:
Ga:.Vahro ----------------------------------- 0
Gas Meter ----------------------------------- ~
Recorded USG Gas Une --------------------- •
Designated USG Gas Une (S.U.E.h----------- ----`----
Above Ground Gas Une -------------------- "" `°`
SANRARY SEWER:
Sanitary Sewer Manhole --------------------
Sanitary Sewer Cleanoui -------------------- p
llG Sanitary Sewer Une --------------------
Above Ground Sanitary Sewer -------------- ~~~ ~~~, ~..r
Recorded SS Forced Main Uns~-------------- ~u
Designated SS Forced Main Una (S.U.E.'~ -- - - - -~~- - - -
MISCEWINEOUS:
UfPlity Pole ----------------------------------- •
UHIHy Pols with Bose ----------------------- ~
UHIHy Located Ob~ct ----------------------- o
UNliy Traffic Signal Box ---------------------- m
UNliy Unknown U~G Une ------------------ *,~-
l4G Tank; Water, Gas, Oil ------------------ a
AEG Tank; Water, Gas, Oil ------------------
Uti Test Hole (S.U.E.') ---------------------- m
Abandoned According to Utility Records ----- MNR
End aF Information --------------------------- E.0.1.

ra. ~ a~sr
PAVEMENT SCHEDULE
C1 PROP. APPROX. 1.5" ASPHALT CONCRETE SURFACE COURSE, TYPE BFS.6A,
AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF. 166 LBS. PER 8D. YD.
T
EARTH MATERIAL.

CZ ATOAN AYERAGEPRATESOFA110CLBSAEPERBSOFAYD.CP~ERBIL DEPTHSFT05BE
PLACED IN LAYERS NOT LESS THAN 11i!<" IN DEPTH DA GREATER
THAN 1~(" IN DEPTH U EXISTING PAVEMENT.
.

E1
PROP. APPROX. 4" ABPHALT CONCRETE BABE COURSE, TYPE 826.08,
AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 468 LBS. PER SD. YD.
~ VARIABLE DEPTH ASPHALT PAVEMENT
(gEE STANDARD WEDGING DETAILS THIS PAGE)

E Z PROP. MAR. DEPTH ASPHALT CONCRETE BASE COURSE, TYPE B25.OB
AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 114 LBS. PER S0. YD. PER 1" DEPTH. T5
BE PLACED IN LAYERS NOT LE88 THAN .9" IN DEPTH OR GREATER
THAN 61~" IN DEPTH. NOTE: ALL PAVEMENT AGE SLOPES ARE 1:1 UNL~S OTHERWISE NOTED
~ E2
C2
3" - - - - -
~---------~~----------~ ~-L-
Wedging Detail For Resurfacing
~„
~ SURVEY
29
1'-7" 3'-11" 11'
1"
MIN.
W
0.02
00 00 00 00 00 C
~1
11' 3'-11"
MIN.
GRADE W
POINT
0.02
00000000.000
11 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CORED SLAB UNITS = 33'
Detail Showing Method of Wedging TYPICAL SECTION ON STRUCTURE
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PRELIMINARY PLANS
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JAMES C. SHIELDS. JR. ~ il16T ~•
08 b PG uNKNOwN 1DADWAY 06rIN nYD1IU1Ci
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JAMES G. SHIELDS. JR. ~ _ ! ~ ~ 1~2r r2~
'
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T ' r9~ L = 213.5*
T = N4J8'
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