CaryApexIBTpetition0800

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Table of Contents
Acronyms/Abbreviations.............................................................................................................................iii
Executive Summary................................................................................................................................ES-1
SECTION 1 Requested Action..............................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Requested Action ...................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Background.............................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Project Description.................................................................................................1-4
SECTION 2 Summary of IBT Certification Process............................................................................2-1
SECTION 3 Evaluation Considerations...............................................................................................3-1
3.1 Need for Proposed IBT..........................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Population Projections.................................................................................3-1
3.1.2 Water Demand Projections .........................................................................3-1
3.1.3 Need for Additional Water Supply............................................................3-2
3.1.4 Reasonableness of IBT Request ..................................................................3-2
3.2 Alternatives to the Proposed IBT.........................................................................3-3
3.2.1 Alternative 1A: No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocations.........3-5
3.2.2 Alternative 1B: No IBT Increase with Additional Lake Allocations ....3-5
3.2.3 Alternative 2: Obtain Water From the Neuse River Basin......................3-6
3.2.4 Alternative 3: Increase Wastewater Discharges to Cape Fear
River Basin.....................................................................................................3-6
3.2.5 Alternative 4: Merger of Water and Sewer Utilities................................3-7
3.2.6 Alternative 5: No Regional Treatment and Water Reclamation
Facility............................................................................................................3-8
3.2.7 Conclusions of Alternatives Analysis.........................................................3-8
3.3 Present and Future Impacts on Haw River Subbasin (Source Basin).............3-9
3.3.1 Water Supply ................................................................................................3-9
3.3.2 Wastewater Assimilation ..........................................................................3-12
3.3.3 Water Quality..............................................................................................3-12
3.3.4 Fish and Wildlife Resources......................................................................3-14
3.3.5 Navigation...................................................................................................3-14
3.3.6 Recreation....................................................................................................3-14
3.4 Present and Future Impacts on the Neuse River Subbasin
(Receiving Basin)..................................................................................................3-15
3.4.1 Water Quality..............................................................................................3-15
3.4.2 Wastewater Assimilation ..........................................................................3-16
3.4.3 Fish and Wildlife Resources......................................................................3-16
3.4.5 Navigation...................................................................................................3-17
3.4.6 Recreation....................................................................................................3-17
3.4.7 Flooding.......................................................................................................3-17
3.5 Impoundment Storage.........................................................................................3-17
3.6 Jordan Lake Purposes and Water Supply Allocations....................................3-17
3.7 Other Considerations...........................................................................................3-18
3.7.1 Regional Water Supplier ...........................................................................3-18
3.7.2 Water Conservation and Reuse................................................................3-19
SECTION 4 Compliance and Monitoring Plan.....................................................................................4-1
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4.1 Monthly Reports.....................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Annual Reports.......................................................................................................4-3
4.3 Status Reports..........................................................................................................4-3
4.4 Drought Management Reporting and Coordination.........................................4-3
SECTION 5 Drought Management Plan...............................................................................................5-1
5.1 Town of Cary..........................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Town of Apex .........................................................................................................5-2
5.3 Town of Morrisville...............................................................................................5-3
5.4 RTP South ................................................................................................................5-4
SECTION 6 References.........................................................................................................................6-1
Appendices
A. FEIS Record of Decision
B. Resource Agency and Stakeholder Comments
C. Mitigation of Adverse Impacts
Figures
1 Project Study Area.............................................................................................................. 1-3
2 Sample Daily Calculations for Interbasin Transfer........................................................ 4-2
Tables
1 Water Supply Allocation Recommendations for Interbasin Transfer Applicants..... 1-2
2 Existing Capacity of Facilities Involved in IBT............................................................... 1-2
3 Projected IBT for Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South .......................................... 1-4
4 Population Projections....................................................................................................... 3-1
5 Raw Water Demand Projections....................................................................................... 3-2
6 Interbasin Transfer Water Balance Table (Maximum Day Basis)................................ 3-3
7 Summary of Alternatives................................................................................................... 3-4
8 Modeling Scenarios for Interbasin Transfer Impact Evaluation................................ 3-10
9 Comparison of Hydrologic Impacts of EIS Alternatives............................................. 3-13
10 DWR Jordan Lake Water Supply Allocation Recommendations .............................. 3-18
11 Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for Cary/Apex............... 5-2
12 Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for Morrisville ............... 5-4
13 Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for RTP South................ 5-4
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Acronyms/Abbreviations
ACOE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
ADD average daily demand
AWI Available Water Index
CFRBM Cape Fear River Basin Hydrologic Model
cfs cubic feet per second
DENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DWQ North Carolina Division of Water Quality
DWR North Carolina Division of Water Resources
EIS environmental impact statement
EMC North Carolina Environmental Management Commission
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
IBT interbasin transfer
MDD maximum daily demand
mgd million gallons per day
NCEPA North Carolina Environmental Policy Act
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
NSW Nutrient Sensitive Waters
OWASA Orange Water and Sewer Authority
RDU Airport Raleigh/Durham Airport Authority
RTP South Research Triangle Park South
WRF water reclamation facility
WTP water treatment plant
WWTP wastewater treatment plant
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Executive Summary
The Towns of Cary, Apex, and Morrisville along with Research Triangle Park South (RTP
South) located in Wake County, North Carolina are jointly requesting an increase from the
existing Cary/Apex Interbasin Transfer (IBT) certificate of 16 million gallons per day (mgd)
to 27 mgd (maximum day basis). The transfer is from the Haw River subbasin (Jordan Lake)
to the Neuse River subbasin. This will allow Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South (Wake
County) to meet projected water supply demands for their communities through the year
2030. While the IBT certificate will be held by Cary/Apex, the IBT will be managed such
that Morrisville and Wake County can fully utilize their Jordan Lake water supply
allocations as currently planned. RTP South is the portion of RTP located in Wake County
and does not own or operate a water system. Therefore, the County of Wake is representing
RTP South.
In conjunction with the IBT request, Cary, Apex, Morrisville and Wake County are also
requesting that the Environmental Management Commission (EMC) grant the Jordan Lake
water supply allocations recommended by the Division of Water Resources (DWR) in 1997.
The DWR recommended an increase from the current Cary/Apex allocation of 16 mgd to a
total allocation of 25 mgd (average annual basis, with separate allocations for Cary/Apex,
Morrisville and Wake County), subject to the applicants obtaining the associated IBT
certificate. The requested water supply allocations will be withdrawn from the Cary/Apex
raw water intake on Jordan Lake and treated at the Cary/Apex Water Treatment Plant
(WTP).
Per the requirements of General Statute 143-215.22I, an environmental evaluation was
conducted to support the IBT Petition. An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
evaluated the direct, secondary, and cumulative environmental impacts of the IBT on the
source and receiving basins. Hydrologic impacts were evaluated using the Cape Fear River
Basin Hydrologic Model recently developed by North Carolina Division of Water
Resources.
The final EIS (FEIS) concluded that direct environmental impacts of the proposed IBT
increase are not significant. There may be some secondary and cumulative impacts
resulting from additional growth and development. The proposed IBT is one of many
planned activities by the applicants that are a response to the rapid growth in the project
area, rather than the cause of such growth. The secondary and cumulative impacts of the
alternatives to the IBT were similar to those of the proposed action. Measures to mitigate
the potential indirect and cumulative impacts associated with continued growth and
development are included in this IBT Petition.
The evidence suggests that the benefits of the proposed action outweigh the impacts. Direct
impacts of the IBT are considered insignificant and secondary and cumulative impacts will
be mitigated. Therefore, the applicants request that the EMC grant a 27-mgd IBT certificate
and approve the water supply allocations for each applicant recommended by DWR in 1997.
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SECTION 1
Requested Action
1.1 Requested Action
The Towns of Cary and Apex, North Carolina are jointly requesting an increase from the
existing Cary/Apex Interbasin Transfer (IBT) certificate of 16 million gallons per day (mgd)
to 27 mgd (maximum day basis). The transfer is from the Haw River subbasin (Jordan Lake)
to the Neuse River subbasin. This will allow Cary and Apex, along with Morrisville and
Research Triangle Park (RTP) South (Wake County), to meet projected water supply
demands through the year 2030. While the IBT certificate will be held by Cary/Apex, the
IBT will be managed such that Morrisville and Wake County can fully utilize their Jordan
Lake water supply allocations as currently planned.
In conjunction with the IBT request, Cary/Apex, Morrisville and Wake County are also
asking the Environmental Management Commission (EMC) to grant the Jordan Lake water
supply allocations recommended by the Division of Water Resources (DWR) in 1997 to
complete the second round of water allocations. The DWR recommended an increase from
the current Cary/Apex allocation of 16 mgd to an annual average of 21 mgd, in addition to
separate allocations for Morrisville (2.5 mgd) and Wake County (1.5 mgd) subject to the
applicants obtaining the associated IBT certificate.
This IBT petition provides supporting documentation as required by North Carolina
General Statute 143-215.22I; more detailed documentation of the environmental impacts of
the requested action are contained in the Final Environmental Impact Statement (CH2M HILL,
2000) submitted to the State Clearinghouse on August, 2000. Appendix A contains the
Record of Decision for the FEIS.
1.2 Background
When the initial water supply allocations for Jordan Lake were made in 1988, the Towns of
Cary and Apex, North Carolina were granted a 16-million gallon per day (mgd) water
supply allocation. In 1996, DWR opened the second round of water supply allocations. The
Towns of Cary, Apex, and Morrisville along with Wake County/RTP South requested
additional or new water supply allocations to meet the water demands of their growing
communities. The allocation requests and DWR’s recommendations are summarized in
Table 1.
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TABLE 1Water Supply Allocation Recommendations for Interbasin Transfer Applicants
Allocation Applicant
Current Allocation
(mgd)
DWR Total Allocation
Recommendation
(mgd)1
Apex and Cary 16.0 21.0
Morrisville 0 2.5
Wake County/RTP South 0 1.5
Note: 1 Based on projected 2015 average day demands (see the Final Environmental Impact Statement, CH2M
HILL, 2000).
Using the existing 16-mgd allocation for Cary and Apex, the Cary/Apex water treatment
plant (WTP) currently treats raw water from Jordan Lake and supplies finished water on a
regular basis to Cary, Apex, Raleigh/Durham Airport Authority (RDU Airport), RTP South,
and the Town of Morrisville. Although the DWR recommended individual allocations for
Morrisville and RTP South, as shown in Table 1, the Cary/Apex WTP will continue to treat
and supply finished water to the RDU Airport, Morrisville, and RTP South.
The basin boundary between the Cape Fear River basin and the Neuse River basin runs
through the Towns of Cary and Apex (see Figure 1). Raw water is withdrawn from Jordan
Lake in the Haw River subbasin (in the Cape Fear River basin) and treated at the
Cary/Apex WTP. Treated water is supplied to customers in both the Haw River subbasin
and the Neuse basin. The Cary/Apex raw water intake and WTP station is located on the
east side of Jordan Lake near US Highway 64 and have existing capacities of 16 mgd.
Treated water is conveyed through a 42-inch and a 30-inch transmission main to the Town
of Cary. Treated water is delivered to the Town of Apex through an interconnection and
master meter located on a 16-inch transmission main near NC Highway 55. An secondary
interconnection between the Cary and Apex water systems is located at Penny Road and
Ten-Ten Road. Treated water is provided to the Town of Morrisville through
interconnections on Evans Road, NC Highway 54, McKimmon Parkway, and Weston
Parkway. Treated water is delivered to RTP South through interconnections with then
Town of Morrisville.
There are three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that currently serve Cary, Apex,
Morrisville, RTP South, and RDU Airport. The North Cary Water Reclamation Facility
(WRF) has a permitted capacity of 12 mgd and serves northern, western, and central Cary as
well as Morrisville, RDU Airport, and RTP South. RTP South conveys wastewater to the
North Cary WWTP through a gravity sewer interceptor. All wastewater from the Town of
Morrisville is conveyed to North Cary WWTP through two force mains from pump stations
located at Aviation Boulevard and Perimeter Park, or a gravity sewer interceptor located
along NC Highway 54. The South Cary WRF has a permitted capacity of 16 mgd and serves
eastern, central, and southern Cary. Apex has a WWTP with a permitted capacity of 3.6
mgd that serves residents within the Apex town limits. The three WWTPs discharge treated
wastewater to the Neuse basin. Therefore, a transfer of water occurs from the Haw River
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subbasin to the Neuse River basin. Eventually, the Apex WWTP will be phased out, and a
new Cape Fear Regional Water Reclamation Facility (WRF) is planned that will discharge to
the Cape Fear River. The locations of existing facilities involved in the IBT are shown on
Figure 1 and existing and planned capacities are summarized in Table 2.
TABLE 2.
Existing Capacity of Facilities Involved in IBT
Facility Existing Capacity
(mgd)
Planned 2030 Capacity
(mgd)
Cary/Apex Raw Water Intake 16
1 601,3
Cary/Apex WTP 16
1 601,3
North Cary WRF 12
2 122
South Cary WRF 16
2 162
Apex WWTP 3.6
2 0
Cape Fear Regional WWTP -- 18
2,4
1. Maximum day basis
2. Maximum month basis
3. Will require additional Jordan Lake allocation
4. Will require new NPDES permit
WRF = Water Reclamation Facility
Cary/Apex currently has an IBT certificate for 16 mgd (maximum day basis). The Towns of
Cary and Apex are requesting an IBT certificate of 27.0 mgd, an increase of 11.0 mgd over
the existing IBT certificate held by Cary/Apex. The water supply allocations recommended
by DWR for Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South (Table 1) are contingent upon the
issuance of an IBT certificate by the EMC.
1.3 Project Description
The Towns of Cary and Apex are requesting an IBT certificate of 27 mgd from the EMC.
The proposed IBT involves transfer of water from the Haw River subbasin (source basin) to
the Neuse River subbasin (receiving basin), as shown in Figure 1 and described below:
• Haw River Basin Study Area (source basin): Jordan Lake and the watershed areas of
03-06-05 and 03-06-06, and the Haw River arm of Jordan Lake (and its floodplain). The
Haw and Cape Fear rivers from the Jordan Lake dam to the town of Lillington are also
included.
• Neuse River Basin Study Area (receiving basin): The general area contained within the
outer boundary of the existing/projected Utility Service Area contributing to the
proposed IBT (North Cary, South Cary, and Apex WWTPs), as well as Crabtree Creek
and Middle Creek extending from the WWTP service area boundary to their individual
confluence with the Neuse River.
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The North Cary WRF, the South Cary WRF and the Apex WWTP will not be expanded as a
result of the proposed IBT. No additional WWTP capacity will be requested in the Neuse
River basin in conjunction with this IBT request.
One or more WWTPs and/or water reclamation facilities, assumed to discharge to the
mainstem of the Cape Fear River, are being considered or planned and will likely serve
Cary, Apex, and the Wake County portion of RTP, as well as other portions of western
Wake County. These planned facilities will limit the amount of water discharged to the
Neuse River basin, thereby minimizing the IBT amount in the future. At present, several
alternative discharge locations below the Jordan Lake dam are being investigated for those
proposed facilities. The requested IBT in this petition represents the maximum IBT that will
occur during the planning period through 2030 (24.1 mgd), plus an additional contingency
factor that brings the total requested IBT amount to 27 mgd (Table 3).
TABLE 3
Projected IBT for Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South1
Year IBT Maximum Day (mgd)
2000 12.3
2010 17.9
2020 18.4
2030 24.1
Notes:
1 Projected IBT calculations are estimates assuming an IBT increase of 11 mgd is granted.
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SECTION 2
Summary of IBT Certification Process
In 1996, the Towns of Cary, Apex, and Morrisville and Wake County each requested
additional or new water supply allocations for Jordan Lake. In 1997, the DWR published
recommendations for water supply allocations. The allocations for Cary, Apex, Morrisville
and Wake County are contingent upon the issuance of an IBT certificate.
In compliance with NC General Statute 143.215.22I, an EIS was developed to examine the
impacts of the proposed IBT and for use in the certification process. The EIS process has
included involvement, input, and comment from federal and state agencies, local
municipalities, other stakeholders, and the public. The draft scoping document was
submitted to the State Clearinghouse in September 1997 and comments were received in
October 1997. These comments were reviewed and the final scoping document was
completed in cooperation with DWR.
In addition to the comments received through the Clearinghouse, a number of meetings and
contacts were made with many resource agencies before and after formal comments from
the Clearinghouse were received. Particularly, organizations that responded to the State
Clearinghouse scoping process of 1997 were contacted again in October 1999. At this time,
these organizations were notified of the EIS process and were provided with one additional
opportunity to submit comments.
The draft EIS was submitted to DENR in January 2000 and comments were received in
March 2000. A revised draft EIS was submitted to the State Clearinghouse in May 2000,
which included extensive mitigation measures in response to DENR concerns about
secondary and indirect impacts related to growth. A public hearing was held on July 13,
2000, and comments from state and federal agencies, stakeholders, and the public were
received through July 31,2000. The FEIS was submitted to the Clearinghouse in August
2000, incorporating responses to the comments.
A summary of the comments from resource agencies, stakeholders, and the public from the
scoping process through the completion of the FEIS is presented in Appendix B.
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SECTION 3
Evaluation Considerations
For ease of review, this section is organized according to the items the EMC is required to
evaluate according to North Carolina General Statute 143-215.22I.
3.1 Need for Proposed IBT
3.1.1 Population Projections
Since 1988, the towns of Cary and Apex and the surrounding areas have grown rapidly. A
special U.S. Census completed in April 1998 documented Cary’s population at 85,400.
Morrisville had an average population increase of 19 percent annually between 1980 and
1990; however, development slowed in the early 1990s because of the shortage of water and
limited sewer capacity.
Population projections are presented in Table 4 and are based on development of available
acreage within each Town’s jurisdiction using historical records or development density.
Population projections are not calculated for Wake County since the water supply allocation
is for RTP South, which is exclusively office and industrial.
TABLE 4
Population Projections
Year Apex Cary Morrisville
1997 11,500 82,700 2,100
2000 22,000 94,400 6,500
2010 48,800 120,900 14,700
2020 74,600 154,700 20,800
2030 100,400 198,000 27,000
Source: FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000)
3.1.2 Water Demand Projections
The average daily water demand (ADD) projections presented in Table 5 have been updated
since the 1995-1996 Jordan Lake allocation applications. Average day water demands for
the towns, before reductions for conservation and reuse, are based on historic per capita
treated water demands of 102, 110, and 213 gallons per capita per day for Cary, Apex and
Morrisville, respectively. Raw water demands are approximately 8 percent higher than
treated water demands due to losses during water treatment such as filter backwashing.
The maximum day demands (MDDs) were calculated based on historical MDD/ADD
peaking factors of 1.65 for Cary, Apex, and Morrisville, and 1.5 for RTP South.
Cary, Apex, and Morrisville plan to utilize conservation measures, and these demand
reductions are included in the water demands in Table 5. Cary and Morrisville have goals
to reduce per capita water demands by 20 percent (from 1998 levels) by 2015, and Apex
plans to reach 20 percent reductions in per capita demands by 2027. Also, Cary is planning
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to implement a water reclamation and reuse program to reduce the projected MDD by 2.2
mgd in 2002 and 3.8 mgd in 2015.
TABLE 5
Raw Water Demand Projections
Cary Apex Morrisville RTP South
Year ADD MDD ADD MDD ADD MDD ADD MDD
1997 10.3 16.5 1.2 2.0 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3
2000 10.7 17.6 2.6 4.3 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7
2010 9.9 16.3 5.2 8.6 2.9 4.8 2.0 2.9
2020 11.8 19.5 7.15 12.4 3.8 6.3 2.5 3.7
2030 15.7 25.8 9.6 15.8 5.0 8.3 2.5 3.7
Notes:
ADD = Average Day Demand (mgd)
MDD = Maximum Day Demand (mgd)
Source: FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000)
3.1.3 Need for Additional Water Supply
The Cary/Apex WTP has a rated capacity of 16 mgd; Cary owns 77 percent of this amount
(12.32 mgd), while Apex owns the remaining 3.68 mgd. Cary currently cannot produce
enough treated water to supply the entire Town’s water needs, and has bulk purchase
contracts with both the City of Raleigh and the City of Durham on a “take or pay” basis.
The contract with the City of Raleigh stipulates that 4.5 mgd of treated water is purchased a
minimum of 280 days each year through September 30, 2003. The City of Durham contract
guarantees the purchase of 3.5 mgd of treated water daily through April 30, 2002.
Morrisville also has a contract with Durham for the purchase of 1.5 mgd through April 2002.
Expansion of the Cary/Apex WTP to 40 mgd is being planned. Both Raleigh and Durham
have indicated that they are not willing to supply water past the expiration dates of the
current contracts or on any long-term basis; therefore, the requested allocations and IBT are
necessary to replace the water currently being purchased from Raleigh and Durham.
3.1.4 Reasonableness of IBT Request
Based on the water demand projections presented in Table 5 and the estimated wastewater
discharge to the Cape Fear River basin, the future IBT amounts (see Table 6) were calculated
based on the following assumptions:
• Customer consumptive use includes in-basin water uses such as irrigation and septic
systems and is assumed to be 22 percent of raw water withdrawal based on discussions
with the DWR staff. In addition to customer consumptive use, total consumptive uses
include WTP losses of 8 percent in the Haw River Basin.
• A regional WWTP that will discharge to the Cape Fear River will be on-line prior to the
year 2010 and will treat all the discharges to the Haw River basin shown in Table 5.
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TABLE 6
Interbasin Transfer Water Balance Table (Maximum Day Basis – All Figures in mgd)
Consumptive
Use
Estimated
Wastewater
Discharge1
Year
Withdrawal from
Haw River
Haw
River
Basin
Neuse
River
Basin
Haw
River
Basin
Neuse
River
Basin
Total Return
to Haw River
Basin2, 3 Interbasin
Transfer4
2000 16.0 3.7 3.3 0.0 16.4 3.7 12.3
2010 32.6 5.4 7.0 9.2 11.0 14.7 17.9
2020 41.8 6.9 8.7 16.5 9.7 23.5 18.4
2030 53.6 8.6 10.3 20.9 13.8 29.5 24.1
Notes:
1Estimated wastewater discharges represent the amount of water withdrawal that is discharged as wastewater.
They do not include the impacts of inflow and infiltration or seasonal consumptive use variations on actual
wastewater discharge amounts.
2Total Return to Haw River Basin = Haw River Basin Consumptive Use + Haw River Basin Wastewater Discharge.
3Analysis using the Cape Fear Hydrologic Model (Appendix B in the FEIS, CH2M HILL, 2000) showed that
discharge of wastewater to the Cape Fear River basin upstream of Lillington was equivalent to discharge into
Jordan Lake (Haw River basin). It is assumed that the discharge will be to the mainstem of the Cape Fear River.
4Interbasin Transfer = Withdrawals from Haw River Basin – Total Return to Haw River Basin
While the future IBT is 24.1 mgd in 2030 based on the calculations presented in Table 6, the
requested IBT of 27 mgd allows for about a 10 percent contingency to account for
uncertainty in the projections. A limited sensitivity analysis shows the potential for the
proposed IBT to reach a peak of 27 mgd during the planning period based upon considering
the following factors:
• Historically the region’s growth has exceeded projections, and all the towns are
predicting growth at slower rates than have occurred recently.
• The towns are working toward aggressive conservation goals, but potential savings are
hard to quantify and program success can vary greatly among different communities.
• It may take longer than expected to obtain permits for Cary’s planned reuse system.
It may take longer then expected to obtain permits and construct the planned WWTP
discharging to the Cape Fear River basin.
3.2 Alternatives to the Proposed IBT
Alternatives to the proposed IBT increase are summarized in Table 7. Each alternative is
assumed to be potentially feasible and incorporates consideration of physical and
environmental constraints based on current available information.
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TABLE 7
Summary of Alternatives
Alternatives
Item
Proposed
Action
1A
No Action
1B
No Action
2
Water From
Neuse
3
Move WWTP
Discharges
4
Merger with
Durham
5
No Regional
WWTP
Increase in IBT (mgd) 11 0 0 0 0 0 29
Additional Jordan Lake Allocations Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
2030 MDD Water Demands (mgd) 53.6 19 43.8 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6
Maximum IBT (mgd) 25
1 16 16 16 16 19
(Neuse to Haw)
45
Total Capital Cost (million) $225.7 $11.1 $206.6 $206.9 $279 $248 $84.0
Water Reuse 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd 3.8 mgd
Construct Regional WWTP
(2030 max month capacity)
18.0 mgd No 18.0 mgd 18.0 mgd 18.0 mgd 18.0 mgd No
Finished Water Purchases
(2030 max day demand)
No No No 9.2 mgd No No No
Expand Cary/Apex WTP (capacity
beyond 40 mgd, max day basis)
20.0 mgd No 9.0 mgd 9.0 mgd 20.0 mgd 20.0 mgd 20.0 mgd
Note: 1Projected IBT in 2030 is approximately 25 mgd. The requested amount of 27 mgd includes some contingency.
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Order-of-magnitude cost estimates were developed for each alternative in 1999 dollars
using available information (conceptual layouts, unit costs, and previously prepared cost
estimates). Final project costs and resulting feasibility will depend on actual labor and
material costs, competitive market conditions, actual site conditions, final project scope,
implementation schedule, continuity of personnel and engineering, and other variable
factors, and may vary from the estimates presented here.
3.2.1 Alternative 1A: No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocations
3.2.1.1 Description
Alternative 1A is defined as:
• No increase in the existing 16-mgd (average day basis) Jordan Lake allocation
• No increase in the existing IBT certificate (16 mgd on a maximum day basis)
• No construction of a regional treatment and water reclamation facility
• No other additional discharges to the source basin, in western Wake County
The applicants would need to search for other water sources to meet water demands such as
the Cape Fear River via a Haw River intake, or small community and individual wells. It is
unlikely that any of these options would allow sufficient water supply to satisfy water
demands based on current growth projections. Local governments would be forced to
implement even more stringent water conservation measures than are already in place,
work with industries to lower water usage, and limit new water connections. Under this
alternative, growth would be expected to decrease sharply as a result of these policies.
3.2.1.2 Summary of Analysis
Alternative 1A is the least costly alternative at $11 million, but it would not provide enough
water supply to satisfy water demands based on current growth projections. It is being
rejected as an alternative because it does not satisfy the objectives of the applicant. This
alternative also results in shifting secondary growth impacts to more rural areas that lack
strong environmental protection controls and increasing the inefficiencies and
environmental problems associated with sprawl.
3.2.2 Alternative 1B: No IBT Increase with Additional Lake Allocations
3.2.2.1 Description
Alternative 1A is defined by the following:
• Increases in Jordan Lake water supply allocations
• No increase in existing IBT certificate (16 mgd on maximum day basis)
Increases in the IBT would be limited by concurrent decreases in customer demand, through
very significant conservation and reuse programs, and by a regional discharge to the Cape
Fear River basin. This alternative will limit water supply to the current capacity of 19 mgd
(MDD) until 2005, when a regional treatment and water reclamation facility is expected to
be in operation. Growth in the study area would continue at a slower rate until the regional
WWTP is operational.
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3.2.2.2 Summary of Analysis
Although Alternative 1B is more economical than the proposed alternative, it may actually
facilitate land use changes and development pressures to move closer to Jordan Lake than
currently planned in the short term. This alternative does not meet water demands for the
affected communities until a regional treatment and water reclamation facility is
constructed in the Cape Fear River basin. In addition, this alternative involves too much
uncertainty since it may be difficult to obtain additional Jordan Lake allocations without an
increase of the IBT. Therefore, this alternative is not being recommended. Other indirect and
cumulative impacts of this alternative would be similar to the proposed action.
3.2.3 Alternative 2: Obtain Water From the Neuse River Basin
3.2.3.1 Description
This alternative is defined by:
• No increase in existing IBT certificate (16 mgd)
• Regional Cape Fear WWTP
• Purchase of finished water from the Neuse River basin
There would likely be slower growth until 2005, when the regional treatment and water
reclamation facility in western Wake County is expected to be in operation. Beyond 2005,
growth and development would follow the projected patterns. Additional water supply
could be obtained through purchase of finished water from the City of Durham and/or the
City of Raleigh. This would require purchase of average day amounts of 2.4 mgd in 2000,
increasing to about 5.6 mgd in 2030. Both the City of Durham and the City of Raleigh have
expressed concern for maintaining sufficient capacity to satisfy their own demands, and
indicated that they do not intend to provide the applicants with finished water on a long-
term basis.
3.2.3.2 Summary of Analysis
Alternative 2 would cost approximately $207 million. The Cities of Durham and Raleigh do
not currently have sufficient water supply capacity to meet the needs of their service areas
and the needs of Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South. Therefore, additional supplies
would need to be secured in order for finished water purchases from the Neuse River basin
to continue. The capital costs of developing new water supplies will increase the cost of this
alternative to exceed considerably the $207 million estimate. In addition, the direct and
indirect environmental impacts of expanding existing supplies or utilizing new sources
could be significant. Therefore, this alternative is not recommended on the basis of cost and
potentially more adverse environmental consequences than the proposed action. The
indirect and cumulative impacts of this alternative would be similar to the proposed action.
3.2.4 Alternative 3: Increase Wastewater Discharges to Cape Fear River Basin
3.2.4.1 Description
This alternative is defined by:
• No increase in existing IBT certificate (16 mgd)
• Additional Jordan Lake water supply allocations
• Relocation of existing Apex and Cary WWTP discharges to Cape Fear basin
• Regional Cape Fear WWTP
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Relocation of the discharge from the Apex WWTP could be completed as early as 2002.
Prior to 2002, this alternative would limit maximum day withdrawals from Jordan Lake to
about 19 mgd until the Apex discharge is relocated, similar to the no action alternative. All
of the wastewater flows from the South Cary WWTP would be relocated to the Cape Fear
River basin. However, only a portion of the flows from North Cary WWTP would need to
be discharged to the Cape Fear River basin in order to maintain an IBT of 16 mgd or less.
3.2.4.2 Summary of Analysis
Alternative 3 is the most expensive of the evaluated alternatives, at $279 million. The
relocation of outfalls would have additional direct impacts on the local environment due to
construction activities, some of which may be significant. Of particular importance would
be the natural resources of Harris Lake and the Shearon Harris Game Lands, adjacent to this
potential interceptor route and pump stations. This alternative is not recommended since
less costly and more environmentally friendly alternatives have been identified. The indirect
and cumulative impacts of this alternative ultimately would be similar to the proposed
action.
3.2.5 Alternative 4: Merger of Water and Sewer Utilities
3.2.5.1 Description
This alternative involves the merger of the water and sewer utility operations of the Town
of Cary and the City of Durham. The City of Durham has an IBT from the Neuse River
basin to the Haw River basin, while Cary/Apex has an IBT from the Haw River basin to the
Neuse River basin; the current net IBT is from the Neuse to the Haw. If these two systems
merged, then the overall net IBT would be reduced.
This alternative assumes that the City of Durham would continue to meet its water supply
needs from the Neuse River basin and the Town of Cary would continue to meet its water
supply needs from the New Hope Creek/Jordan Lake subbasin (Haw River basin). This
alternative assumes that no wastewater flows from Cary, Apex, Morrisville, or RTP South
would be transferred to Durham. Therefore, this alternative does not differ physically from
the proposed action except for the expansion of the existing interconnection to provide
additional reliability in the merged system.
3.2.5.2 Summary of Analysis
Alternative 4 costs more than the proposed action by over $20 million. The feasibility of this
alternative is in doubt, since the opportunities and challenges of a merger of the Cary and
Durham water and sewer utilities could present institutional and political challenges. Until
institutional issues are resolved, this alternative will result in a drastic decrease of water
supply for the affected communities in the very short term. This alternative bears too much
uncertainty on the institutional framework and does not meet water demands in the short
term. Therefore, this alternative is not recommended. Direct impacts are expected to be
insignificant. The indirect and cumulative impacts of this alternative would be similar to the
proposed action.
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3.2.6 Alternative 5: No Regional Treatment and Water Reclamation Facility
3.2.6.1 Description
This alternative assumes that no regional treatment and water reclamation facility in the
Cape Fear basin is constructed, and thus, this alternative represents the maximum IBT (45
mgd) possible. Wastewater discharges to the Cape Fear River basin remain at zero, and the
quantity of the IBT increases as water withdrawals from Jordan Lake increase and are
discharged through existing wastewater treatment facilities in the Neuse River basin.
3.2.6.2 Summary of Analysis
Alternative 5 is the second least expensive alternative to the proposed alternative, at $84
million. The most significant impact of this alternative will be the inducement for expanding
the use of privately-owned package treatment plants, spray irrigation systems, and septic
systems in the Cape Fear River basin to accommodate growth in western Wake County.
This may lead to significant impacts to the lake’s water quality and the natural habitats
around the lake, including increased nutrient loadings to Jordan Lake and increased algal
blooms and decreased dissolved oxygen in the already eutrophic lake. Taste and odor
problems may increase in drinking water from the Jordan Lake water supply. The potential
for pathogens to be present in the lake water would increase. Impacts on public recreation
uses may be significant. Degradation of water quality may have a significant impact on
wetland habitat, and aquatic plant and animal species, and may significantly affect
recreational fisheries in Jordan Lake.
This alternative presents a policy challenge since the EMC may not approve additional
Jordan Lake allocations for an estimated IBT of 45 mgd without provisions for returning
water to the source basin in the long term. In addition to these indirect impacts to Jordan
Lake, the indirect and cumulative impacts of growth from Alternative 5 would be similar to
the proposed IBT increase. This alternative is rejected due to these potentially significant
impacts to Jordan Lake. In addition, the IBT will increase from 16 mgd to more than 45 mgd,
a three-fold increase.
3.2.7 Conclusions of Alternatives Analysis
Except for Alternative 1A, which does not serve the existing water supply needs of the
communities, the six alternatives proposed will not substantially reduce the expected
significant impacts of the proposed IBT increase. In fact, as discussed above, a few of the
alternatives actually create additional direct and indirect impacts that may be significant.
Alternative 1A may potentially shift growth and development and their associated impacts
to other communities in Wake County or in the RTP region.
The direct impacts of the proposed IBT are not considered to be significant. The significant
impacts are from growth and development that the proposed action will facilitate. All of the
alternatives to the proposed IBT increase (except 1A) will create essentially the same indirect
impacts associated with the facilitated growth and development in the project area, as in the
proposed alternative. Therefore, none of the identified alternatives will significantly reduce
the indirect and cumulative impacts of the project. The proposed alternative has clear
advantages over all other alternatives in terms of cost, feasibility, levels of direct impacts,
and meeting the water demands of the affected communities. The proposed action is the
preferred alternative.
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3.3 Present and Future Impacts on Haw River Subbasin
(Source Basin)
This section summarizes the findings of the EIS regarding the present and future impacts
within the Haw River basin on the following:
• Water supply needs of municipalities, industries, and the agricultural sector
• Wastewater assimilation
• Water quality
• Fish and wildlife
• Navigation
• Recreation
A summary of measures to mitigate adverse impacts is included in Appendix C.
3.3.1 Water Supply
The impacts of the proposed IBT on water supplies were evaluated using the Cape Fear
River Basin Model (CFRBM), which was recently developed by the DWR with assistance
from Moffat & Nichol and the Danish Hydraulic Institute. The model considers all major
water withdrawals (municipal, industrial, and agricultural) and discharges within the Cape
Fear River basin, including those into and out of Jordan Lake. The model has been used to
evaluate the impact of the requested IBT on Jordan Lake surface water elevation, minimum
releases from the dam, water quality pool levels, the target flows at Lillington, flows at
Fayetteville, and water quality pool levels. A technical memorandum is included in
Appendix B of the FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000) that provides detailed information on the
modeling scenarios as well as results and conclusions. Two modeling scenarios, Proposed B
and Proposed C, were added to address comments received subsequent to the public hearing
held on July 13, 2000.
The modeling scenarios that were developed to assess impacts on the Jordan Lake and
downstream flows are summarized in Table 8. The numbers at the beginning of the
scenario names represent the corresponding alternative number as presented in the EIS.
The potential impacts of Alternatives 2 and 4 are the same as those of other alternatives, as
noted below, so they were not modeled separately.
The Base 1998 scenario represents the existing conditions in 1998. Thus, water supply
withdrawals and discharges throughout the basin are set to actual 1998 values.
Withdrawals from Jordan Lake include Cary/Apex and Chatham County with annual
average withdrawals of 10.7 and 0.8 mgd, respectively.
The Base Future scenario includes full use of the Jordan Lake water supply pool (total
withdrawals = 100 mgd). Potential impacts of the requested IBT are evaluated in
comparison to the Base Future scenario in order to isolate IBT impacts from the impacts of
full Jordan Lake allocation use. For all scenarios except Base 1998, withdrawals from Jordan
Lake total 100 mgd, with 50 percent of the “Other Jordan Lake withdrawals” returned to
Jordan Lake. Discharges from Cary/Apex are returned downstream of Jordan Lake and
upstream of Lillington.
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TABLE 8
Modeling Scenarios for Interbasin Transfer Impact Evaluation
Average Day Flows (mgd)
Scenario Description Base Year
1
Withdrawal at
Cary/Apex
Intake
Cape Fear
Basin
Discharges
Other Jordan
Lake
Withdrawals2 Other Return
Flows 3 Resulting
2030 IBT 4
Base 1998 Existing Conditions 1998 10.7 None None None --
Base Future Existing, plus Jordan Withdrawals = 100 mgd 1998 10.7 None 89.3 44.3 --
Alternatives for Incremental Impacts Evaluation
Proposed Incremental A Requested IBT Increase 1998 32.8 12.7 67.2 33.2 25
Proposed Incremental B5 Requested IBT Increase (1998 Jordan
withdrawals)
1998 32.8 12.7 0.81 0.0 25
Proposed Incremental C5 Requested IBT Increase (No regional WWTP) 1998 20.0 0 80.0 39.6 25
Alt. 1A Incremental No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocation 1998 11.6 None 88.4 43.8 16
Alt. 1B Additional Allocation with No IBT Increase 1998 26.8 12.7 73.2 36.2 16
Alt. 2 Obtain Water from Neuse Basin Same as Alt. 1B
Alt. 3 Relocate WWTP Discharges to Cape Fear 1998 32.8 17.6 67.2 33.2 16
Alt. 4 Merger with Durham Same as Proposed-Incremental A -256
Alt. 5 No Regional WWTP 1998 32.8 0 67.2 33.2 45
Alternatives for Cumulative Impacts Evaluation
Proposed Cumulative Requested IBT Increase 2030 32.8 12.7 67.2 33.2 25
Alt. 1A Cumulative No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocation 2030 11.6 None 88.4 43.8 16
Notes:
1 The Base Year is the data year used for all other nodes other than those listed, and as discussed in the preceding section.2 “Other Jordan Lake Withdrawals” is calculated such that total Jordan Lake withdrawals = 100 mgd, considering Cary/Apex withdrawal (except for Proposed Incremental B).
3 “Other Return Flows” represents the return of 50 percent of “Other Jordan Lake Withdrawals” (excluding Chatham County’s withdrawal of 0.8 mgd) to Jordan Lake.
4. From the Cape Fear Basin to the Neuse Basin on a maximum day basis, in mgd.
5.Scenarios not included in FEIS. Scenarios added in response to public and stakeholder comments subsequent to Public Hearing.
6 From the Neuse Basin to the Cape Fear Basin, including Durham’s grandfathered amount.
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All scenarios except the Base 1998 scenario are based on the assumption that the water
supply pool of Jordan Lake is fully utilized. Current allocation holders (Chatham County,
Orange County, and the Orange Water and Sewer Authority [OWASA]) are assumed to be
fully utilizing their water supply allocations, and the balance of the total Jordan Lake
withdrawal is attributed to a “DWR” node in the CFRBM.
The Proposed A scenario represents the requested IBT increase and includes planned Jordan
Lake withdrawals in 2030 as well as planned 2030 discharges from a regional water
reclamation facility to the mainstem of the Cape Fear River, downstream of Jordan Lake and
upstream of Lillington. The modeling results for this proposed action also represent the
impacts of Alternative 4 – Cary/Durham Merger.
The Proposed B scenario represents the requested IBT increase, but does not include full
utilization of the Jordan Lake water supply pool (100 mgd). This variation of the proposed
scenario includes 1998 Jordan Lake withdrawals and discharges.
Similar to the Proposed A scenario, the Proposed C scenario represents the requested IBT
increase and includes planned Jordan Lake withdrawals and discharges in 2030. However,
this scenario assumes that a regional water reclamation facility that discharges to the
mainstem of the Cape Fear River is not implemented. Therefore, ADD must be kept at or
below 20 mgd to maintain an IBT of 27 mgd or less.
Alternative 1B and Alternative 2 are represented by the same modeling scenario since the
impacts on Jordan Lake and the Cape Fear River would be the same for those two
alternatives.
Alternative 3 (Relocate WWTP Discharges) includes the proposed water reclamation facility
discharging to the Cape Fear River. In addition, the existing WWTP discharges to the Neuse
River basin are relocated to the mainstem of the Cape Fear River below Jordan Lake and
upstream of Lillington, such that the IBT remains at the currently permitted amount of 16
mgd.
Alternative 5 (No Cape Fear WRF) also does not include the proposed regional water
reclamation facility. This alternative represents the maximum IBT that could occur, with no
wastewater discharges to the Cape Fear River basin to offset the IBT as in the proposed
action without the limitation on ADD as included in Proposed C.
Based on the modeling results, the proposed IBT will not have any significant impacts on
water supplies in Jordan Lake or in the Cape Fear River downstream of the dam. The model
results indicate that there are no significant changes in Cape Fear River flows downstream
of the dam compared to the other EIS alternatives and the base scenarios (Table 9). The
model results also indicate that there are no significant changes in Jordan Lake outflows,
lake elevation, and water quality pool levels compared to the other EIS alternatives and the
base scenarios (Table 9). The model results did indicate impacts on Jordan Lake and Cape
Fear River flows downstream of the dam. However, comparison of the results from the
Base 1998 and Base Future scenarios with results from the proposed action and all other
scenarios suggest that the impacts are related to the transition from current Jordan Lake
withdrawals (ADD = 11.6 mgd) to the full use of the water supply pool (ADD = 100 mgd).
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The CFRBM does not include drought management practices by Jordan Lake allocation
holders. Therefore, the impacts on Jordan Lake and downstream Cape Fear River flows are
expected to be less than presented in Appendix B of the FEIS once drought management is
incorporated into the CFRBM by DWR.
3.3.2 Wastewater Assimilation
Changes in the existing assimilative capacity of the surface waters in the source basin are
not expected since the CFRBM indicates there would not be any major changes in Cape Fear
River flows downstream of Jordan Lake that are associated with the proposed IBT increase.
Table 9 illustrates that Cape Fear River flows at Lillington will be less than the target flow of
600 cfs 35.5% of the time under Base Future conditions and 34.9% of the time under the
proposed action.
3.3.3 Water Quality
No water quality models have been developed by the State for Jordan Lake or for the upper
segment of the Cape Fear River (above Buckhorn Dam). The Triangle J Council of
Governments is currently leading efforts for the development of a water quality model for
Jordan Lake. This model is expected to be complete in 2002. The Town of Cary has
developed a QUAL2E model for the Cape Fear River from the Jordan Lake Dam to the
Buckhorn Dam, but this model has not yet been approved by the North Carolina Division of
Water Quality (DWQ). Therefore, direct impacts on the water quality of the source basin
cannot be assessed with a modeling tool at this time. However, changes in the existing
assimilative capacity of the surface waters in the source basin are not expected since the
CFRBM indicates there would not be any major changes in Cape Fear River flows
downstream of Jordan Lake that are associated with the proposed IBT increase (Table 9).
However, there may be impacts from growth that may be facilitated by the proposed IBT
since additional water supply capacity will enable additional growth and development to
occur in the source basin. Dense urban development from full buildout (worst-case
scenario) of the Utility Service Area may affect water quality through:
• Sedimentation and erosion from construction activities (short-term impacts)
• Increased amounts of non-point sources of pollution (longer term impacts)
• Increased stormwater runoff and more frequent flooding (longer term impacts)
Growth and development will necessitate the approval, construction, and operation of a
variety of additional water and sewer projects in the source basin including expansion of the
existing Cary/Apex WTP, construction and operation of a proposed treatment and water
reclamation facility in western Wake County, and installation and operation of new or
extended water and sewer conveyance systems.
Secondary impacts of growth, which may be facilitated by the proposed IBT, on water
quality will be mitigated through the construction of regional public water and wastewater
collection and treatment systems in the Utility Service Area, which will have the following
benefits:
• Eventual elimination of privately owned package treatment plants
• Eventual elimination of septic systems
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TABLE 9Comparison of Hydrologic Impacts of EIS Alternatives1
Scenario Description
Jordan Lake
Outflow
< 100 cfs
Jordan Lake
Level
<210 ft. MSL
Water
Quality Pool
< 20%
Flows at
Lillington
< 600 cfs
Flows at
Fayetteville
< 600 cfs
Base 1998 Existing Conditions
12.6% 4.9% 4.2% 34.3% 2.0%
Base Future Existing, plus Jordan Withdrawals = 100 mgd 15.2% 8.7% 3.8% 35.5% 1.9%
Alternatives for Incremental Impacts Evaluation
Proposed Incremental A Requested IBT Increase 16.0% 8.6% 3.5% 34.9% 1.8%
Proposed Incremental B Requested IBT Increase (1998 Jordan withdrawals) 14.0% 5.9% 4.0% 34.1% 2.0%
Proposed Incremental C Requested IBT Increase (No regional WWTP) 15.4% 8.9% 3.9% 35.6% 1.9%
Alt. 1A Incremental No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocation 15.2% 8.7% 3.8% 35.5% 1.9%
Alt. 1B Additional Allocation with No IBT Increase 15.9% 8.4% 3.4% 34.8% 1.8%
Alt. 2 Obtain Water from Neuse Basin 15.9% 8.4% 3.4% 34.8% 1.8%
Alt. 3 Relocate Existing WWTP Discharges to Cape Fear 16.2% 8.3% 3.4% 34.5% 1.8%
Alt. 4 Merger with Durham 16.0% 8.6% 3.5% 34.9% 1.8%
Alt. 5 No Regional WWTP 15.8% 9.2% 4.1% 35.7% 2.0%
Alternatives for Cumulative Impacts Evaluation
Proposed Cumulative Requested IBT Increase 13.7% 6.2% 2.6% 33.9% 1.8%
Alt. 1A Cumulative No IBT Increase and No Additional Allocation 13.0% 6.3% 2.7% 34.5% 1.9%
Note: 1Data represent percentage of days in which value was below the threshold.
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• Adequate maintenance of sewer lines to prevent overflows
• Public enforcement actions on failing septic systems that will together protect surface
waters from discharges of wastewater in the project area
Secondary impacts of growth, which may be facilitated by the proposed IBT, on water
quality will also be mitigated through compliance with federal and state regulations as well
as local regulations and programs such as open space preservation, land use planning,
growth management, riparian buffers, and pollution prevention programs. The applicants
have taken a number of steps to address Governor Hunt’s Smart Growth and Open Space
initiatives. A summary of measures to mitigate adverse impacts is included in Appendix C.
3.3.4 Fish and Wildlife Resources
In total, there appears to be a significant number of rare natural communities, Significant
Natural Areas, and sensitive species potentially existing in the source basin project area, as
well as a substantial number of recreational fishery species. Results of the CFRBM indicate
that the proposed IBT will not significantly alter lake elevations or minimum lake releases
compared to the other alternatives or the Base Future scenario. Therefore, no direct impacts
of the proposed IBT on aquatic and terrestrial resources that inhabit lake or streamside
habitat, including aquatic and wetland plants, freshwater mussels, and fisheries in the
source basin, are expected. Also, the proposed transfer does not require the construction of
additional water intake structures in Jordan Lake and therefore will not cause any direct
impacts to fish or wildlife resources.
However, there may be secondary impacts on fish and wildlife resources through increased
growth and development, which may be facilitated by the proposed IBT. Fish and wildlife
may be impacted by changes in the following:
• Water quality
• Stormwater runoff
• Frequency and intensity of flooding
• Land use
Mitigation measures for secondary impacts are presented in Appendix C.
3.3.5 Navigation
No direct impacts of the proposed IBT on navigation in the receiving basin are expected
since results of the CFRBM indicate that lake levels in Jordan Lake and flows in the Cape
Fear River are similar to those in other EIS alternatives and the Base Future scenario. Model
results suggest that impacts on lake elevations and downstream flows may be expected
during drought conditions and as water supply withdrawals from Jordan Lake increase
from 1998 levels to the design yield of approximately 100 mgd. These impacts are not
associated with the proposed IBT, but with the full use of Jordan Lake’s water supply.
3.3.6 Recreation
The proposed IBT will not have any direct impacts on recreation in the Haw River subbasin,
since no construction is planned for the proposed IBT. No recreational lands will be subject
to additional threats of flooding as a direct result of the proposed IBT. The proposed IBT
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will not impact recreation on Jordan Lake since results of the CFRBM indicate that lake
levels and downstream flows in the Cape Fear River will not be significantly altered
compared to other EIS alternatives and the Base Future scenario.
3.4 Present and Future Impacts on the Neuse River Subbasin
(Receiving Basin)
This section summarizes the findings of the EIS regarding the present and future impacts
within the Neuse River subbasin on the following:
• Water quality
• Wastewater assimilation
• Fish and wildlife
• Navigation
• Recreation
• Flooding
A summary of measures to mitigate adverse impacts is included in Appendix C.
3.4.1 Water Quality
The proposed IBT will not result in an increase of existing permitted wastewater flows being
discharged into the receiving basin. No increase in wastewater treatment plant capacity will
be requested in the Neuse River Basin as the result of this transfer, since current permitted
discharge amounts are adequate. Primary impacts due to the wasteflows of the wastewater
facilities receiving the transfer of water have been addressed through previous NPDES
permitting and NCEPA processes for those facilities discharging into the receiving basin (i.e.
Crabtree Creek and Middle Creek). Both the NPDES and NCEPA rules require that all
environmental impacts must be adequately addressed and mitigated before any permit to
discharge is issued.
Water quality modeling analyses have been previously conducted in Crabtree Creek and
Middle Creek to determine the water quality impacts of existing and proposed discharges in
those streams (Diehl & Phillips, 1993; DWQ, 1992). Wasteload allocations and current
oxygen-consuming management strategies for facilities discharging into these streams have
been based on those modeling analyses. In addition, the DWR conducted studies on
flooding, streambank erosion, and fish habitat in both Crabtree Creek and Middle Creek
(DWR, 1985; DWR, 1987). These studies concluded that there was not a significant impact
on water quality, flooding, streambank erosion, and fish habitat due to currently permitted
wasteflows.
However, there may be secondary impacts in the Neuse River subbasin related to additional
growth and development, which may be facilitated by the proposed IBT increase. Growth
in the study area is fueled by a strong local economy, as well as proximity to Research
Triangle Park and its top-notch universities and state-of-the-art medical and research
facilities. The proposed IBT will provide additional water supply to support continued
growth and development. Similar to the source basin (see Section 3.3.3), dense urban
development from full buildout (worst-case scenario) of the Utility Service Area may affect
water quality in the Neuse River subbasin through sedimentation and erosion from
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construction activities, increased amounts of non-point source pollution, and increased
stormwater runoff and more frequent flooding.
Secondary impacts on water quality related to additional growth and development, which
may be facilitated by the proposed IBT increase, will be mitigated through compliance with
federal and state regulations as well as local regulations, programs, and initiatives such as:
• Open space preservation
• Land use planning
• Growth management
• Riparian buffers
• Pollution prevention programs
• Construction of regional water and wastewater facilities
A summary of measures to mitigate adverse impacts is included in Appendix C.
3.4.2 Wastewater Assimilation
No wastewater treatments plants in the Neuse River subbasin will be expanded and no
additional treatment facilities will be constructed as a result of the proposed IBT.
Additional wastewater treatment facilities for the study area are being planned that will
discharge to the Cape Fear River subbasin. Direct impacts on wastewater assimilation from
the proposed IBT are not expected since previous water quality modeling analyses
conducted in Crabtree Creek and Middle Creek determined that currently permitted
wastewater discharges have no significant impact on water quality, flooding, streambank
erosion, or fish habitat (Diehl & Phillips, 1993; DWQ, 1992; DWR, 1985; DWR, 1987).
3.4.3 Fish and Wildlife Resources
In total, there appears to be a significant number of rare natural communities, Significant
Natural Areas, anadromous species, and threatened or endangered species existing in the
receiving basin project area, as well as a substantial number of recreational fishery species.
The proposed IBT will not have any significant direct impacts on fisheries, wildlife, or
sensitive species or their habitats in the receiving basin since the additional amount of
wastewater planned to be discharged from the Cary and Apex WWTPs as a result of the
proposed IBT will not require existing plants to be expanded. Although the total amount of
treated effluent discharged from these plants will increase as a result of the proposed IBT,
these discharges will not exceed their current permit limits. In addition, these facilities are
required to reduce total nitrogen by 30%, as per the Neuse River NSW Management
Strategy Rules. There will therefore be no significant water quality impacts to the receiving
basin as a direct result of the proposed IBT. The effects of increased flows in the receiving
basin were analyzed at the time the original NPDES permits were issued. Specifically, DWR
conducted studies to determine instream flow needs for fish habitat in Crabtree Creek and
Middle Creek. The studies concluded that the current permitted wasteflows for the Cary
WWTPs would not exert a significant impact on fish habitat (DWR, 1985; DWR, 1987). The
proposed IBT will also not have any direct impacts on fish or wildlife or natural areas in the
receiving basin due to construction since no construction for the proposed IBT is planned.
However, there may be secondary impacts on fish and wildlife resources through increased
growth and development, which may be facilitated by the proposed IBT as discussed in
Section 3.3.4. Additional growth and development in the receiving basin may impact water
quality, stormwater runoff, frequency and intensity of flooding, and land use. Mitigation
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measures for secondary impacts related to growth and development are similar to those
discussed in Section 3.3.3 and presented in Appendix C.
3.4.5 Navigation
No direct impacts of the proposed IBT on navigation in the Neuse River subbasin are
expected since streamflows in the Neuse River subbasin are not expected to change
significantly. No expansion of existing WWTPs or construction of new wastewater plants is
planned within the receiving basin.
3.4.6 Recreation
The proposed IBT will not have any direct impacts on recreation in the Neuse River
subbasin. Increased wastewater discharges into Middle and Crabtree Creeks as a result of
the proposed IBT will be within existing permit limits and will not significantly affect
recreational resources along the receiving stream corridors. No recreational lands will be
subject to additional threats of flooding as a direct result of the proposed IBT.
3.4.7 Flooding
The proposed IBT will not have any direct impacts on flooding in the Neuse River subbasin.
Increased wastewater discharges into Middle and Crabtree Creeks as a result of the
proposed IBT will be within existing permit limits and will not significantly affect
streamflows and flooding along the receiving stream corridors.
However, there may be secondary impacts within the receiving basin related to growth and
development which may potentially increase both stormwater runoff from construction
activities and impervious surface area and result in a higher risk if flooding. A summary of
measures to mitigate adverse impacts is included in Appendix C.
3.5 Impoundment Storage
Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South plan to use existing and requested water supply
allocations from Jordan Lake, and the Cary/Apex WTP does not have an impoundment
onsite. Therefore, the plans to use impoundment to store water at high flows for use during
low-flow periods is not applicable to this IBT petition.
3.6 Jordan Lake Purposes and Water Supply Allocations
Jordan Lake is a multi-purpose lake located in Chatham County, North Carolina operated
by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE). The construction of the dam started in 1967
and Jordan Lake completed filling in 1982, covering an area of 14,300 acres. Jordan Lake
Dam is located on the Haw River just downstream of the confluence of the Haw River and
the New Hope Creek.
Jordan Lake is designed to provide for water supply, recreation, flood control, fish and
wildlife management, and flow augmentation to maintain downstream Cape Fear River
water quality during natural low flow periods. The water supply component of the Jordan
Lake storage volume is estimated to provide a safe yield of 100 mgd. The State of North
Carolina has been assigned the use of the entire water supply storage in Jordan Lake. The
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc 3-18
DWR receives and reviews requests for water supply allocations and makes
recommendations to the EMC.
Currently Chatham County, Cary/Apex, Holly Springs, and OWASA have allocations for
water supply from Jordan Lake (Table 10). During the second round of allocations in 1996,
Cary, Apex, Morrisville, and Wake County requested additional or new water supply
allocations from Jordan Lake. Although the DWR recommended additional allocations in
1997 for Cary/Apex, Morrisville, and RTP South as shown in Table 9, the allocations are
contingent upon the issuance of an IBT certificate by the EMC, as requested in this petition.
TABLE 10
DWR Jordan Lake Water Supply Allocation Recommendations
Current Allocations (mgd) DWR Recommendation (mgd)
Applicant Level I Level II Recommendation Total
1
Chatham Co. 4.0 2.0 0 6.0
Durham 0 0
Fayetteville 0 0
Greensboro 0 0
Holly Springs 2.0
2 02.0
Cary-Apex2 16.0 5.0 21.0
Morrisville2 2.5 2.5
Wake County/RTP2 1.5 1.5
OWASA 10.0 0 10.0
Orange Co. 1.0 0 1.0
Total 22.0 13.0 9.0 44.0
Notes:1Total allocations if all DWR recommendations are approved.2. DWR recommended a 0.5mgd allocation in 1997. Holly Springs has since then requested and been
granted an allocation of 2.0 mgd.3Allocation contingent on obtaining IBT certification. The recommendations provided are for informational
purposes and public comment only at this time.
Source: NC Division of Water Resources, 1997
The use of the requested IBT amount to meet water supply demands through 2030 is based
on obtaining additional allocations from Jordan Lake. The applicants will be participating
in the recently initiated third round allocation process.
3.7 Other Considerations
3.7.1 Regional Water Supplier
The Towns of Cary and Apex currently provide and plan to continue to provide the Town
of Morrisville, the RDU International Airport, and the Wake County portion of RTP with
finished water. Although Morrisville and Wake County have requested water supply
allocations from Jordan Lake and are included in this IBT petition, they do not own or
operate raw water intake or water treatment facilities, and must purchase 100 percent of
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc 3-19
their finished water. Therefore, Cary and Apex will continue to treat raw water from Jordan
Lake at the Cary/Apex WTP to provide Morrisville and Wake County their water supply
allocations from Jordan Lake.
3.7.2 Water Conservation and Reuse
The Town of Cary has an active water conservation program with a goal to reduce per
capita water demand by 20 percent by 2015 (from the 1998 level). In 1996, Cary adopted a
Water Conservation Ordinance as part of its Water Shortage Response Plan that determines
certain conditions in which the Town can implement water restrictions for various levels of
water emergencies. The Town of Cary also has a permanent Water Conservation Specialist
and adopted a Water Conservation Demand Management Program. In April 2000, Cary
enacted an ordinance restricting outdoor irrigation to alternate days for customers served by
the Town, and prohibiting outdoor irrigation on Mondays. Cary has an increasing block
rate that discourages excessive use of potable water for irrigation through higher water rates
for higher levels (blocks) of consumption.
Cary is also planning to implement a water reclamation and reuse program at its North
Cary WWTP. The reclamation and reuse program is expected to reduce maximum day
demands by 1.6 mgd by 2002, increasing to 3.2 mgd by 2015 by supplying treated
wastewater to customers for non-potable uses such as irrigation and cooling tower makeup
water. Several major customers have agreed to participate in the program and Phase I has
been designed and permitted. Additionally, Cary designed a water reuse project at the
South Cary WWTP with projected reuse demands of approximately 0.6 mgd MDD in 2001.
Several parks, schools, and ball fields have been identified as potential reuse customers.
Therefore, the implementation of water reuse at both plants is expected to reduce the MDD
by 2.2 mgd in 2002 and 3.8 mgd in 2015. This system is currently permitted and is under
design.
The Town of Apex adopted a Water Conservation Ordinance that mandates certain water
conservation measures whether or not a water shortage exists. In addition, the Town
Manager may initiate and enforce five stages of conservation ranging from voluntary,
different levels of mandatory, and finally, rationing. As of July 20, 1999, Apex no longer
offers irrigation meters to customers, and the rate for existing irrigation customers was
increased to $4.65/1000 gallons. The Town of Apex is also pursuing a water reclamation
program at the Apex WWTP. Reuse opportunities with local industries such as Cooper
Tools and Ready-Mix have been identified which have a potential demand of approximately
0.1 mgd.
The Town of Morrisville has also adopted an ordinance establishing water shortage
conservation measures. The Town Manager is authorized to adopt and enforce water
conservation measures when it has been determined that an emergency exists in Morrisville.
In addition, contract terms specify that Morrisville must implement any conservation
measures implemented by Cary.
RTP South does not own or operate the water system that serves those customers. Since
RTP South has a contract to purchase treated water from the Town of Cary, RTP South must
implement any water conservation measures that the Town of Cary puts into effect.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
SECTION 4
Compliance and Monitoring Plan
The proposed compliance and monitoring plan for the requested Cary/Apex interbasin
transfer certificate includes the following four elements, which are described in the sections
below:
1. Monthly Reports
2. Annual Reports
3. Status Reports
4. Drought Management Reporting and Coordination
The details of monitoring and compliance will be specified in a Compliance and Monitoring
Plan approved by DWR. 4.1 Monthly Reports
At the end of each month, Cary/Apex will calculate the daily interbasin transfer amounts
for that month and provide this information to DWR in monthly reports. The reports will
be submitted to DWR on the same schedule that Daily Monitoring Reports for water
reclamation facilities are provided to the Division of Water Quality - within 30 days of the
end of the month.
Figure 2 provides an example of the calculations that will be submitted. The calculation
methodology was developed in conjunction with DWR staff, and is based on the guidance
developed by DWR for estimating interbasin transfer amounts as part of the Local Water
Supply Planning process.
Consumptive use for each day is assumed to be the difference between total water use and
total wastewater discharged, or zero if discharge is greater than potable water use. This may
underestimate consumptive use in the winter months (when water use is typically lower
than wastewater discharge), but the effect will be to slightly overestimate the resulting IBT
amount. When discharge is greater than water use, the portion of raw water withdrawal
that is discharged as wastewater in each basin is assumed to be proportional to the actual
wastewater discharges in that basin. In effect, this is assuming that the same degree of
inflow and infiltration occurs in the sewer system in each basin. These assumptions will not
impact evaluation of compliance with the requested IBT certificate, since the maximum IBT
is expected to occur in the summer.
The portion of consumptive use that occurs in the source basin will be estimated as the
portion of the water service area in the source basin, and will be updated annually to reflect
changes to the service area.
FIGURE 2.
Sample Daily Calculations for Interbasin Transfer
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
DATE
Raw
Water
Withdraw
al from
Haw
Basin
(mgd)
Water
Purchase
from
Neuse
Basin
(mgd)
Consumptive Use
(mgd)
Portion of Water Use
Discharged as
Wastewater
(mgd)
Total
Return to
Haw
Basin
(mgd)
Interbasin
Transfer
(mgd)
IBT as % of
Withdrawal
Haw
Basin
Neuse
Basin
Haw
Basin
Neuse
Basin
05/01/00 5.6 6.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 11.7 0.2 5.4 96%
05/02/00 6.3 7.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 12.5 0.9 5.4 86%
05/03/00 6.2 7.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 12.4 0.7 5.5 89%
05/04/00 6.7 7.1 0.9 0.5 0.1 12.2 1.0 5.7 85%
05/05/00 8.7 7.0 2.0 1.6 0.1 12.0 2.1 6.6 76%
05/06/00 9.6 7.0 1.9 2.5 0.1 12.0 2.0 7.5 79%
05/07/00 11.5 7.0 2.8 3.4 0.1 12.3 2.9 8.7 75%
05/08/00 8.4 7.5 1.8 1.6 0.1 12.3 1.9 6.5 77%
05/09/00 10.0 8.4 3.2 4.4 0.1 10.7 3.3 6.8 67%
05/10/00 11.6 8.5 3.3 2.8 0.1 13.8 3.4 8.2 71%
05/11/00 10.2 8.4 2.5 4.0 0.1 12.0 2.6 7.6 75%
05/12/00 12.1 8.3 3.6 4.7 0.1 12.0 3.7 8.4 69%
05/13/00 12.7 8.4 4.0 5.2 0.1 11.8 4.1 8.6 68%
05/14/00 14.1 8.3 4.9 5.9 0.1 11.5 5.0 9.1 65%
05/15/00 9.1 8.3 3.2 2.2 0.1 11.9 3.2 5.9 64%
05/16/00 11.1 8.7 3.5 4.6 0.1 11.6 3.6 7.5 68%
05/17/00 11.1 8.7 3.7 4.3 0.1 11.7 3.8 7.3 66%
05/18/00 11.7 7.8 3.3 4.2 0.1 11.9 3.4 8.3 71%
05/19/00 14.2 8.6 4.6 6.3 0.1 11.7 4.7 9.5 67%
05/20/00 13.4 8.9 4.6 5.6 0.1 12.0 4.6 8.7 65%
05/21/00 10.2 9.0 3.4 3.1 0.1 12.6 3.5 6.7 65%
05/22/00 5.2 9.1 1.1 0.3 0.1 12.9 1.2 4.0 78%
05/23/00 7.4 9.0 2.0 2.3 0.1 12.0 2.1 5.3 71%
05/24/00 9.8 9.0 3.0 3.9 0.1 11.8 3.1 6.7 69%
05/25/00 10.1 9.1 3.1 4.0 0.1 12.0 3.2 6.9 68%
05/26/00 12.0 9.0 4.4 5.1 0.1 11.5 4.5 7.5 63%
05/27/00 10.9 9.1 4.3 4.3 0.1 11.3 4.4 6.5 59%
05/28/00 8.7 9.1 3.1 3.3 0.1 11.3 3.2 5.5 63%
05/29/00 5.7 9.1 1.9 0.7 0.1 12.1 2.0 3.7 64%
05/30/00 6.9 9.2 1.7 2.5 0.1 11.8 1.8 5.2 74%
05/31/00 9.6 9.0 2.8 4.3 0.1 11.4 2.9 6.7 70%
Minimum 3.7
Maximum 9.5
Average 9.7 8.3 2.8 3.2 0.1 12.0 2.9 6.8 70%
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc 4-3
4.2 Annual Reports
At the end of each calendar year, the monthly IBT reports will be summarized in an annual
report to DWR. The annual report will also document compliance with conditions, if any,
that the EMC includes in the certificate.
4.3 Status Reports
At the end of each calendar year, if requested by DWR, Cary/Apex will provide status
reports on specific measures or other activities discussed in the EIS or IBT petition. DWR
will identify the specific measures/activities to be addressed. One example of an activity to
be included would be the applicants’ progress toward returning water to the Cape Fear
basin.
4.4 Drought Management Reporting and Coordination
When one or more of the allocated Jordan Lake water supply pools for Cary/Apex,
Morrisville, or Wake County/RTP falls below the level needed to sustain demands for 63
days, Cary/Apex will notify DWR of drought management measures being implemented,
and will begin coordinating drought management activities with DWR staff.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
SECTION 5
Drought Management Plan
The Towns of Cary, Apex, and Morrisville have adopted Water Shortage Response Plans to
provide the Towns with the authority to establish water conservation measures during
droughts or other water emergencies. These water shortage conservation policies of each
Town are summarized below.
5.1 Town of Cary
In 1996 the Town of Cary adopted a Water Shortage Conservation Ordinance which
authorizes the Town Manager to enact voluntary conservation measures, mandatory
conservation measures, or water shortage emergency measures depending on the extent of
the water emergency. The ordinance also defines three classes of water users. Class 1 is:
essential water use. Class 2 represents socially or economically important water use, and
Class 3 is non-essential water use.
Cary’s Water Shortage Conservation Ordinance defines the various levels of conservation
that can be enacted by the Town Manager, which are described below. Following DWR’s
guidance in the Water Shortage Response Handbook for North Carolina Water Supply Systems
(1998), the Town of Cary will evaluate the need for implementing water conservation or
proceeding to the next level of conservation when the following thresholds of storage in the
Town’s Jordan Lake water supply allocation are reached:
1. Voluntary conservation measures (63 days storage remaining).
2. Mandatory conservation measures (49 days storage remaining) – encourage voluntary
water conservation measures, and shall impose a scheduled water use program or an
outright ban on all Class 3 uses.
3. Water shortage emergency measures (28 days storage remaining) – Class 1 essential
water uses shall be specifically identified as targets for voluntary conservation measures.
Class 2 socially or economically important uses may be restricted or banned, and Class 3
nonessential uses shall be restricted or banned.
4. Rationing (14 days storage remaining) – The Manager can direct the Director of Public
Works and Utilities to prepare a mandatory rationing policy and implementation plan
during the emergency period to balance demand and limited available supplies and to
assure that sufficient water is available to preserve public health and safety.
Table 11 summarizes the percent of remaining storage from the Cary/Apex Jordan Lake
water supply pool.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
TABLE 11.
Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for Cary/Apex
Days of Storage in Cary/Apex Water Supply Pool RemainingAverage Day Demand from
Jordan Lake (mgd)63 49 28 14
Percent water supply storage remaining
14.0 28% 22% 13% 6%
16.0 (existing allocation) 32% 25% 14% 7%
18.0 36% 28% 16% 8%
20.0 40% 31% 18% 9%
21.0 (recommended allocation) 42% 33% 19% 9%
Upon a declaration of mandatory conservation or a declaration of water shortage
emergency, the City Council may adopt water shortage rates designed to encourage
conservation of water. The Town also includes provisions for enforcing mandatory water
conservation and provisions for fining violators of the Town’s policy.
In April 2000, Cary adopted an ordinance restricting outdoor irrigation to alternate days.
The outdoor irrigation schedule is determined by the customers’ street address.
The Town of Cary has also developed a methodology for tracking water demand and water
supply to evaluate the Town’s ability to meet water demand on a daily basis. Cary uses an
indicator called the Available Water Index (AWI). The AWI represents a measure of the
available treated water on a given day stored in the Town's elevated water tanks and
ground storage reservoir at the water treatment plant. The AWI informs Town staff when
there is a trend toward critically low storage levels so that corrective action can be taken for
the protection of public health and safety. The AWI normally ranges between 60 and 80, but
when the AWI falls below 50, the Town takes immediate action to reduce demand and
ensure water system viability.
5.2 Town of Apex
In June 2000, the Town of Apex adopted a revised version of the February 1999 Water
Conservation Ordinance. The Ordinance outlines permanent conservation measures that
are required at all times. The Ordinance also stipulates conservation measures when the
various stages of conservation are enacted by the Town Manager in response to a water
shortage. The Town Manager will assess a potential water shortage and evaluate the need
for implementing water conservation or proceed to the next stage of conservation when the
following thresholds of water supply storage from the Town’s Jordan Lake allocation have
been reached:
• Stage I (Voluntary Conservation) – 63 days storage remaining
• Stage II (Moderate Mandatory Conservation) and Stage III (Severe Mandatory
Conservation) – 49 days storage remaining
• Stage IV ( Stringent Mandatory Conservation) – 28 days storage remaining
• Stage V – Rationing – less than 14 days remaining.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
Table 11 summarizes the levels of Jordan Lake water supply allocation at the various
thresholds in which water conservation measures should be considered.
The Town’s revision to the ordinance in 2000 includes the promotion of voluntary outdoor
irrigation on alternate days (similar to Cary’s policy above). Properties with odd-numbered
addresses can irrigate on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, while properties with even-
numbered addresses can irrigate on Wednesdays, Fridays, and Sundays.
5.3 Town of Morrisville
The Town of Morrisville adopted a Water Shortage Conservation Ordinance in 1995 that
authorizes the Town Manager to adopt and enforce water conservation measures when a
water shortage from extended drought or emergency involving the Town’s treated water
supply or distribution system exists. In addition, Morrisville is required by contract terms
to implement any conservation measures adopted by Cary.
The Town Manager can impose conservation measures on all customers of the Town’s water
system. Potential water conservation measures that may be implemented include restriction
of:
• Certain business and industrial water uses
• Irrigation
• Washing of vehicles, equipment, outdoor surfaces, buildings and machinery
• Water use in ornamental fountains and swimming pools
• Conservation measures also include provisions for implementing schedules for certain
water uses and interruption of water service.
The Town Manager will assess a potential water shortage and evaluate the need for
implementing water conservation or proceed to the next stage of conservation when the
following thresholds of water supply storage from the Town’s Jordan Lake allocation have
been reached:
• 63 days storage remaining
• 49 days storage remaining
• 28 days storage remaining
• less than 14 days remaining.
Table 12 summarizes the levels of Jordan Lake water supply allocation at the various
thresholds in which water conservation measures should be considered.
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TABLE 12
Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for the Town of Morrisville
Days of Storage in Morrisville Water Supply Pool RemainingAverage Day Demand from
Jordan Lake (mgd)63 49 28 14
Percent water supply pool remaining
0.5 8%7%4%2%
1.0 17% 13% 8% 4%
1.5 25% 20% 11% 6%
2.0 34% 26% 15% 8%
2.5 (requested allocation) 42% 33% 19% 9%
5.4 RTP South
RTP South does not own or operate a water system, but rather purchases treated water from
the Town of Cary. RTP South is contractually obligated to implement any water
conservation measures that the Town of Cary puts into effect. Therefore the Town of Cary
Drought Management Plan also applies to RTP South.
Table 13 summarizes the levels of Jordan Lake water supply allocation at the various
thresholds in which water conservation measures should be considered.
TABLE 13
Jordan Lake Water Supply Pool Conservation Thresholds for RTP South
Days of Storage in RTP South Water Supply Pool RemainingAverage Day Demand from
Jordan Lake (mgd)63 49 28 14
Percent water supply pool remaining
0.50 14% 11% 6% 3%
0.75 21% 16% 9% 5%
1.00 28% 22% 13% 6%
1.25 35% 27% 16% 8%
1.50 (recommended allocation) 42% 33% 19% 9%
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc
SECTION 6
References
CH2M HILL. August 2000. Final Environmental Impact Statement for RTP South and the
Towns of Cary, Apex, and Morrisville in Wake County for the Increase in Interbasin
Transfer from the Haw River Basin to the Neuse Rover Basin.
Diehl & Phillips. 1993. DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement – Expansion of North Cary
Wastewater Treatment Plant. Cary, NC.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality. 1992. A Water Quality Analysis of the Proposed
and Existing Discharges to Middle Creek below Sunset Lake. Raleigh, N.C.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources. 1985. Memorandum on the Proposed Cary
WWTP discharge to Crabtree Creek dated August 30, 1985.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources. 1987. Potential Effects of Proposed Wastewater
Discharges to Middle Creek on Flooding, Streambank Erosion, and Fish Habitat. Raleigh,
N.C.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources. 1998. Water Shortage Response Handbook for
North Carolina Water Supply Systems.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources. 1999. Draft of IBT write-up for the Cape Fear
River Basinwide Water Quality Management Plan.
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APPENDIX A
Record of Decision for the Final EIS
The Record of Decision (ROD) for the FEIS should be completed by early October and will be
attached to this IBT Petition.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc B-1
APPENDIX B
Resource Agency and Stakeholder Comments
TABLE B-1
State Clearinghouse Scoping Process Summary
Agencies/Organizations Date of Comment Submittal Concerns Addressed in Letter
1
Section of EIS
Where
Concerns are
Addressed
City of Dunn Memorandum dated: October 9, 1997 Cape Fear River water quality; impact on downstream
users
3.1.4.4; Section 6
Granville County, NC Correspondence dated: September 25, 1997 No comment
Harnett County Department
of Public Utilities
Letter dated: October 7, 1997 Impacts on downstream users 3.1.4.4
North Carolina Department
of Cultural Resources
Correspondence dated: October 7, 1997 No comment
DENR: NC Division of Water
Resources
Scoping Document Scoping Document attached EIS prepared in
accordance with
Scoping
Document
DENR: NC Division of Water
Resources
Memorandum dated: November 10, 1999
2 Guidance on preparation of the EIS EIS prepared in
accordance with
provided
guidance
DENR: NC Division of Parks
& Recreation
Letter dated: November 10, 1999
3 Secondary and cumulative impacts; Cape Fear shiner;
dwarf-wedge mussel; alternatives; mitigation
3.1.3; 3.2.3;
Section 4;
Section 5; and
Section 6
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc B-2
TABLE B-1
State Clearinghouse Scoping Process Summary
Agencies/Organizations Date of Comment Submittal Concerns Addressed in Letter
1
Section of EIS
Where
Concerns are
Addressed
DENR: Division of General
Services (Natural Heritage
Program)
Memorandum dated: October 15, 1997 Direct effects; secondary impacts 3.1.3.2; 3.2.3.1;
Section 4;
Section 6
North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission
Memorandum dated: October 10, 1997 Increased effluent in Neuse River (?); impacts on federally
and state listed species in receiving basin; secondary
impacts; habitat loss; potential impacts on recreation, sport
fisheries and water quality in source basin; wetland
impacts; West Cary WWTP water quality impacts
1.2; 2.3; 3.1.3.;
3.2.3.; 3.1.4.4;
3.2.4.2; 3.1.2.2;
3.1.1.2; 3.2.1.2;
Section 4;
Section 6
Public Works Commission of
the City of Fayetteville
Letter dated: June 23, 1997 Hydrologic Modeling; Increased effluent in Neuse River (?);
secondary/cumulative impacts; adherence to SEPA;
Appendix B; 1.2;
3.2.4.2; Section
4; Appendix B
(Scoping
Document);
3.1.4.2
Public Works Commission of
the City of Fayetteville
Letter dated: October 9, 1997 Secondary impacts; additional effluent to Neuse River;
water need; safe yield; Cape Fear River assimilative
capacity; alternatives
Section, 4; 1.2;
3.2.4.2; Section
2; Appendix B;
3.1.4.4; Section 5
Public Works Commission of
the City of Fayetteville
Letter dated: November 8, 1999
2 Modeling scenarios; cumulative impacts; alternatives Appendix B;
Section 4;
Section 5
Notes:
1 Comment letters included in Appendix C of FEIS.
2 Not part of the Clearinghouse Scoping Process.
3 Agency Response on additional request for comments on EIS process in Fall 1999.
J:\DATA\H&M\JORDAN\EMC\101200mtg\IBT Petition_final.doc B-3
TABLE B-2Resource Agencies Contacted Directly
Resource Agencies Contacted Mode of Contact Major Concerns/Issues Addressed
1
Section of
EA Where
Concerns
are
Addressed
National Marine Fisheries Service Telephone Record dated: May 5, 1997
Meeting: (*)March 4, 1998
Impacts on anadromous fish; include short nose sturgeon
as species of concern
3.1.3; 3.2.3
NC Department of Cultural
Resources
Correspondence dated: June 10, 1998
June 21, 1999
Majority of resources not affected by IBT 3.1.2.2;
3.2.2.2
NC Division of Coastal Management Telephone Record dated: May 6, 1997 Recommended to work through Melba McGee
Meeting: May 28, 1997
(Raleigh)
Impacts on anadromous fish; include American shad as
species of concern
Meeting:(*)March 5, 1998
(Washington)
Include hickory shad, striped bass, shortnose sturgeon and
Atlantic sturgeon as species of concern
NC Division of Marine Fisheries
Meeting:(*)March 5, 1998
(Wilmington)
Impacts on anadromous fish
3.1.3; 3.2.3
Meeting: May 8, 1997 Include warf wedge mussels, squaw foot mussels, Atlantic
pig-toe mussels, Cape Fear Shiner and Bald Eagle as
species of concern; Increased effluent from Cary WWTPs
(?)
Meeting: June 5, 1997 Impacts of IBT on lake surface elevations/recreation
NC Division of Parks & Recreation
Meeting:(*)March 4, 1998 Include Gomphus septima, Phacelia ranuculacea and
Ptilimnium nodosum as species of concern. Consult NHP
surveys conducted by Legrand
3.1.3; 1.2;
3.1.2.2;
3.1.4.4;
NC Division of Pollution Prevention Meeting: May 27, 1997 Water reuse and conservation 2.2; 2.3;
Section 6
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TABLE B-2
Resource Agencies Contacted Directly
Resource Agencies Contacted Mode of Contact Major Concerns/Issues Addressed
1
Section of
EA Where
Concerns
are
Addressed
NC Division of Water Quality Meeting: May 30, 1997 &
June 12, 1997
No expansion of existing WWTPs needed; wetlands;
secondary impacts (meeting documentation is not
available)
1.2; 3.1.1.2;
3.2.1.2;
Section 4
NC Wildlife Resources Commission Meeting:(*)March 4, 1998 Secondary impacts, riparian buffers, gamelands buffers,
greenways
Section 4;
3.1.2; 3.2.2
US Army Corp of Engineers Meeting: May 13, 1997 &
Informal Meeting: March 4, 1998
Water withdrawal will have no impact on current operations
of the lake; Cape Fear River water quality
3.1.4.4;
Section 6
Telephone Record dated: May 6, 1997 No biological data concerning instream flows needs.US Fish and Wildlife Service
Meeting: (*)March 4, 1998 Threatened/endangered species
3.1.3; 3.2.3
Note:
1 Comments and correspondence from resource agencies and stakeholders are included in Appendix C of the FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000).
* The last document in this Appendix, Cary IBT Agency Meeting Summary dated March 9, 1998, represents meetings with various agencies as referenced in this
table.
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TABLE B-3
Summary of Major DENR Comments on Draft EIS (March 1, 2000)
Agencies Concerned Major Comment
1
Section of EIS
Where
Concerns are
Addressed
DENR, Division of Water Quality, Division of Parks and
Recreation, Wildlife Resources Commission, Division of
Forest Resources
Preserve Open Space to meet Governor Hunt’s goal of conserving 20% open
space, to preserve wildlife, meet recreation needs, conserve forest land and
protect water quality
6.2.1.1, 6.2.1.2,
6.2.1.3, 6.2.1.4
DENR, Division of Parks and Recreation Establish a regional greenway system to connect greenways and parks 6.2.1.5
DENR, Division of Water Quality, Division of Parks and
Recreation, Wildlife Resources Commission
Maintain and restore wetlands and riparian buffers to protect water quality and
wildlife.
6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2
DENR, Wildlife Resources Commission Regulate development in the floodplain 6.2.3.3
DENR, Division of Water Quality Consolidate water and wastewater in Western Wake County to minimize future
IBTs
2.3, 6.2.4
DENR Develop local policies to encourage water conservation and reuse 6.2.3.4, 6.2.3.5
DENR, Division of Water Quality Develop local policies to prevent water pollution 6.2.3
Note:
1 Comments and correspondence from resource agencies and stakeholders are included in Appendix C of the FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000).
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TABLE B-4Public Comment Summary
Name/Organization Date of Comment Submittal Summary of Comments
1
Section of
Response Summary
Where Comments
are Addressed
Mick Noland, Chief Operating
Officer for City of Fayetteville
Public Works Commission
Statement at public hearing: July 13, 2000 - IBT amount assumes construction of a proposed regional
wastewater treatment plant with discharge to the Cape
Fear River
- The alternative to purchase water from Raleigh should be
reevaluated
- The model does not simulate the low flow conditions
experienced in 1998
- The Jordan Lake water quality pool is insufficient for
downstream water quality needs
- The current safe yield estimate of 100 mgd from Jordan
Lake is questionable
- EIS needs to provide information on whether the
cumulative impacts of all water withdrawals and transfers
are acceptable
- EIS should be evaluated objectively without consideration
of construction already underway on water treatment plant
III.A
II.A
I.A
I.B
I.C
I.D
IV.F
John Malzone, Cumberland
County Chamber of Commerce
Statement at public hearing: July 13, 2000 - IBT may inhibit growth in the Fayetteville region I. M
Elton Hendricks, President of
Methodist College
Statement at public hearing: July 13, 2000 - If aggressive conservation was used as an assumption in
the IBT, there may be significant direct impacts
- Triangle should put the water back in the Cape Fear River
after they use it.
III.B
I.E, IM, II.B
Senator Tony Rand, 24th District Letter dated: July 13, 2000 - Triangle communities should put water back in Cape Fear
River after they remove it
I.E, I.M, II.B
Lura S. Tally, former member of
North Carolina Senate
Letter dated: July 7, 2000 - If Triangle communities do not replace water they remove
from Cape Fear, they will cause problems downstream
I.E, I.H
Rollin S. Shaw, City Council Correspondence dated: July 30, 2000 - Cary should return water it removes from the Cape Fear I.E, I.M, II.B
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TABLE B-4
Public Comment Summary
Name/Organization Date of Comment Submittal Summary of Comments
1
Section of
Response Summary
Where Comments
are Addressed
Member, Fayetteville and Dr.
Frank S. Shaw
David Brook, Deputy State Historic
Preservation Officer, NC
Department of Cultural Resources
Memorandum dated: July 3, 2000 - IBT will not impact property eligible for listing in National
Register of Historic Places
N/A
Rick Givens, Chairman, Chatham
County Board of Commissioners
Letter dated: July 18, 2000 - Downstream users need assurance that there will be
adequate water supply and adequate water quality
I.B, I.E, I.H
Larry B. Thomas, Director of
Public Works, City of Sanford
Letter dated: July 20, 2000 - Transfer of water will have negative environmental impact
on Cape Fear River Basin. Each transfer should not be
reviewed individually.
- Transfer of water will have negative economic impact on
Cape Fear River Basin
I.B, I.D, I.E
I.B, I.C, I.E
Mick Noland, Chief Operating
Officer of Water Resources
Division, Public Works
Commission, City of Fayetteville
Letter dated: July 27, 2000 *- Future agricultural water withdrawals should be described.
- Randleman Lake should be simulated in the model
- A modeling scenario should be included that compares the
proposed alternative, with only current and recommended
Jordan Lake allocations, to the Base 1998 case.
I.J
I.K
I.L
Hugh T. Caldwell, Director of
Public Utilities, City of Wilmington
Letter dated: July 27, 2000 - The proposed IBT may impact downstream water quality
and assimilative capacity
- The EIS did not consider the affects of Durham obtaining
an allocation from Jordan Lake
I.E, I.H
I.O
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TABLE B-4
Public Comment Summary
Name/Organization Date of Comment Submittal Summary of Comments
1
Section of
Response Summary
Where Comments
are Addressed
Rodney Tart, Director, Harnett
County Department of Public
Utilities
Letter dated: July 31, 2000 - EIS indicates there will be minimal impact on downstream
water supply at Lillington and does not object to the IBT.
However, as growth continues, water resources will
become more limited. Therefore, plans should begin to
return water to the Cape Fear
- Support DWR’s efforts to develop a comprehensive model
of future Cape Fear River use
II.B
IV.G
Hal Broadfoot, citizen of
Fayetteville
Correspondence dated: July 13, 2000 - Triangle financing its growth by using water resources that
belong to downstream users
- Fayetteville, unlike upstream neighbors, have invested in
state-of-the-art water and wastewater treatment
I.G
IV.D
Reid Gannt, citizen of Fayetteville Correspondence dated: July 13, 2000 - Allowing this interbasin transfer will be disastrous for Cape
Fear River
I.E, I.H
Marie Tinnin Stewart, citizen of
Fayetteville
Correspondence dated: July 13, 2000 - Build a treatment plant that will correct the interbasin
transfer prior to withdrawing more water from Jordan Lake
II.B
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TABLE B-4
Public Comment Summary
Name/Organization Date of Comment Submittal Summary of Comments
1
Section of
Response Summary
Where Comments
are Addressed
Scott M. Bigelow, citizen of
Lumberton
Correspondence dated: July 13, 2000 - What conservation measures are being undertaken in
Triangle?
- Build a new WWTP that discharges to the Cape Fear
- Look at 100 year drought; in drought impacts of pollution
are amplified
- Did study account for pollution in Cape Fear?
- Good planning would dictate that state grow in areas where
there are resources to support the growth
- Legislature should fund study to ensure that North Carolina
will not experience the water problems of the west
- Use supply and demand to dictate who gets water
- Make the IBT certificate temporary. If water quality in the
Cape Fear declines, revoke or cut back the transfer
- Hold hearing downstream in Cape Fear and not in Cary
- Triangle does not need water
II.C
II.B
I.D
I.H
IV.A
IV.B
IV.E
I.I
I.N
IV.C
Colonel W. S. Crumlish, USA
Retired, Corps of Engineers
Letter dated: July 11, 2000 - Water should remain in Cape Fear Basin I.E
Walter D. Dietrich, citizen of
Fayetteville
Letter dated: July 16, 2000 - State has underestimated the drinking water capacity of
Jordan Lake
- Interbasin transfer should not be allowed; plant that will
return water to Cape Fear River should be built first
I.C
II.B
James and Jenny Rosser, citizens
of Fayetteville
Correspondence dated: July 30, 2000 - Apex should return water it removes from the Cape Fear II.B
Maryann and Bob McCoy, citizens
of Fayetteville
Correspondence dated: July 30, 2000 - Cary should return water it removes from the Cape Fear II.B
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TABLE B-4
Public Comment Summary
Name/Organization Date of Comment Submittal Summary of Comments
1
Section of
Response Summary
Where Comments
are Addressed
D. R. Himocks, Jr., citizen of
Fayetteville
Correspondence dated: July 31, 2000 - Towns that remove water from the Cape Fear should return
it to avoid situation similar to Colorado River
II.B, IV.B
Notes:
1 Comments and correspondence from resource agencies and stakeholders are included in Appendix C of the FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000).
* Many of the comments submitted in this letter were identical to the oral statement provided on July 13, 2000 at the public hearing. Only those comments
that were not included in the July 13, 2000 statement are summarized in this table.
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APPENDIX C
Summary of Local Regulations and Programs for
Mitigation of Adverse Impacts
The IBT certificate request is one of many planned activities that are a response to the rapid growth in
the project area, rather than the cause of such growth. Nevertheless, because such projects facilitate the
urban growth that is occurring, it was determined that the scope of this EIS would include the indirect
and cumulative impacts associated with the development that will be facilitated by the proposed IBT
increase. Table C-1 summarizes the local regulations and programs, which go beyond federal and state
requirements, that may mitigate the potential indirect and cumulative impacts discussed in Section 3
above and in Section 4 of the FEIS. This discussion of the measures to mitigate adverse impacts can
also be found in Section 6 of the FEIS (CH2M HILL, 2000).
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TABLE C-1
Local Government Initiatives Beyond State Regulations to Protect Water
Quality and Wildlife Habitat
Op
e
n

S
p
a
c
e

P
l
a
n
s
La
n
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P
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t
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M
a
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Pl
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s
Un
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n
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Or
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a
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a
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o
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o
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a
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P
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r
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p
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S
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a
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m
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o
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s
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C
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d
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u
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a
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i
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u
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P
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o
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a
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s
t
e
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c
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l
i
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In
c
e
n
t
i
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e
s
Wa
s
t
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w
a
t
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r

p
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St
r
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R
e
s
t
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
Initiative
Open Space Planning
Local/state land acquisition around Jordan Lake X X O O X
Local/state land acquisition to connect parks and gamelands X X O O O
Local/state land acquisition around Umstead X X O O O
Implement Wake Co Open Space Study X X O O O O O
Gov. Hunt's goal to conserve 20% land in new development OOOOO OO
Regional Greenway System
Regional Greenway that builds on American Tobacco Trail O O X
Riparian Buffers and Wetlands
Local regulations requiring buffers as strict as Neuse rules O O O O O
Restoration of wetlands and buffers O O X
Floodplain
Local regulations prohibiting flood plain development X X X
Public Utilities and Services
Consolidation of utilities in Wake Co X
Design and construct regional WWTP X
Water conservation X X X X
Water reuse X
Pollution Prevention
Local policies to prevent water pollution XXXXOXXXXXXXXX
Key to Symbols:
X: Program in place
O: Town working on program to address issue or is considering program