R2577ABC_IP_Document_02.28.2023 cover letter

Roy COOPER
GOVERNOR
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
February 28, 2023
Eric Alsmeyer
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105
Wake Forest, NC 27587
[e-mail]
SUBJECT: Application for an Individual Section 404 and
Quality Certification Version 2 for the proposed
from the 4-lane roadway north of I-40 in Forsyth
Guilford County (TIP No. R-2577ABC), Divisions
from WBS 37405.1.1
Dear Mr. Alsmeyer,
J. ERIC BOYETTE
SECRETARY
Section 401 Water
widening of US 158
County to US 220 in
7 and 9. Debit $570
This revised permit application replaces the previous application submitted on January
27th 2023. This revised application incorporates revisions resulting in additional impacts
at Permit Site 6 (A through D). These revisions affected multiple sections and tables
throughout the previous application which have been updated with this submittal.
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to improve US
158 (Reidsville Road) from the four -lane roadway north of US 421/I-40 Business in
Winston-Salem (Forsyth County) to US 220 (I-73) in Stokesdale (Guilford County) for a
total length of approximately 18.8 miles. The project proposes to widen the existing two-
lane, two-way roadway to a multi -lane, median -divided facility, including a new -location
section to bypass the existing US 158 alignment in Stokesdale. R-2577 is divided into
three sections labeled A, B and C.
This is an application for a phased project. Enclosed you will find the project map for
locations of all sections in this phased application. Please see the enclosed ENG 4345 for
all project sections. For sections going to LET within five years, see the attached North
Carolina Division of Mitigation Services (NCDMS) acceptance letter for R-2577A and
the attached Stream Mitigation Summary for that section. Please see the attached meeting
Mailing Address: Telephone: [phone] Location:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Fax: [phone] SILAS CREEK PARKWAY
DIVISION 9 Customer Service: 1-877-368-4968 WINSTON SALEM, 27127
375 SILAS CREEK PARKWAY
WINSTON SALEM, 27127 Website: www.nedot.gov

minutes for Concurrence Points 4B and 4C, State Stormwater Management Plans (SMP),
final permit drawings for section R-2577A, and final roadway design plans for R-2577A.
Also, attached are the preliminary impact maps for all sections in the preliminary design
stage (R-2577B & Q. See Tables 1, 2, and 3 for summary of impacts. See Table 4 for
descriptions of section limits.
Table 1. Summary of Water Resources Impacted
Section
Design Stage
Proposed Let
Total # Wetlands Impacted
Total # Streams
Im acted
R-2577A
Final
December 2023
2
7
R-2577B
Preliminary
Post Year
9
10
R-2577C
Preliminary
Post Year
13
13
Totals
24
30
Table 2. Summary of Wetland Impacts
Section
Design Stage
Wetland Impact Area (ac)
Impacts Requiring
Mitigation ac
R-2577A
Final
0.06
0.06
R-2577B
Preliminary*
0.32
0.32
R-2577C
Preliminary*
1.36
1.36
Total
1.74
1.72
*Preliminary impacts were determined by measuring 25' outside of preliminary slope stake lines,
and all impacts are assumed to require mitigation.
Table 3. Summary of Stream Impacts
Stream Impact
Impacts
Section
Design Stage
Length (if)
DWR
USACE
Requiring
Mitigation (If)
R-2577A
Final
1,632
331
1,632
1,202
R-2577B
Preliminary*
2,210
146
2,210
2,210
R-2577C
Preliminary*
4,179
1 850
4,179
4,179
Total
8,021
1 1,327
8,021
7,591
*Preliminary impacts were determined by measuring 25' outside of preliminary slope stake lines,
and all impacts are assumed to require mitigation.
Purpose and Need:
The purpose of the project is to improve the traffic carrying capacity and level of service
(LOS) along US 158 within the project limits. The project is needed to correct existing
transportation deficiencies along this section of US 158 that cause additional travel
delays, increase the potential for accidents, and contribute to the inefficient operation of
motor vehicles.
Alternatives Considered:
Sections A and B were divided into a total of seven widening option segments. Three
widening options were considered for each segment: northern widening, southern
widening, and transitional "best -fit" widening. The alternatives examined by the Merger
Team are further detailed in the State EA-FONSI attached. The Merger Team, consisting
of federal, state, and local resource and permitting agency representatives, narrowed these
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 2 of 19

options down to a single, preferred widening option for each of the seven segments. In
Section C, six new -location alternatives and one improve -existing alternative were
originally considered in the vicinity of Stokesdale. Two of the new -location alternatives
were carried forward for detailed study. These bypass alternatives were Alternative 2, a
southern bypass of the Stokesdale town center, and Alternative 3, a northern bypass of
the Stokesdale town center.
NCDOT LEDPA/Selected Alternative:
NCDOT and the Merger Team concurred on the Least Environmentally Damaging
Practicable Alternative (LEDPA) as a combination of northern and transitional widening
options in Sections A and B. NCDOT and the Merger Team selected Alternative 3, the
northern bypass, for Section C.
Summary of Jurisdictional Impacts:
The preliminary proposed impacts for the overall project (TIP Nos. R-2577ABC) will be
approximately 1.72 acres of permanent wetland impacts and 7,591 linear feet of
permanent stream impacts. A total of the individual water resources impacted by each
section can be found in Table 1. Reference Tables 2 and 3 for a breakdown of impacts by
section.
The impacts reported in this Individual Permit Application for R-2577 Section A are
based on final design plans. The proposed impacts for the remaining project sections
were determined by offsetting preliminary slope stake lines outward 25 feet on both sides
of the alignment and counting impacts to all jurisdictional features within the resulting
area. As the final design is completed for each of the remaining sections, impacts will be
updated, and permit modification requests will be submitted, as necessary.
Summary of Utility Impacts:
There will be no impacts associated with utility relocations for R-2577A. For sections B
and C, the utility relocations will be determined during final design.
Summary of Mitigation: -
The project has been designed to avoid and minimize impacts to jurisdictional areas
throughout the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) and design processes. However,
project impacts will necessitate compensatory mitigation for the unavoidable impacts.
Mitigation for R-2577A (final design) has been approved by the Division of Mitigation
Services (DMS) for impacts to wetlands and streams. Additional mitigation for stream
impacts for R-2577A has been debited from Brushy Mountain Mitigation Site and Little
Peters Creek Mitigation Site. See Tables 2 and 3 for a summary of impacts and Table 12
for a summary of proposed mitigation. These mitigable impacts include 7,591 linear feet
of permanent stream impact and 1.72 acres of permanent wetland impact. It has been
determined that onsite mitigation is not an option for this project. R-2577B and R-2577C
are due to let post year, therefore no mitigation is proposed for these sections at this time.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 3 of 19

SEPA DOCUMENT STATUS
A State Environmental Assessment Finding of No Significant Impact (State EA-FONSI)
was approved for this project on December 13, 2018.
In compliance with the SEPA/404 Merger Process, Concurrence Point 4B and 4C were
reached for R-2577A on June 12, 2019, and November 20, 2019, respectively.
PROJECT SCHEDULE
The project will be permitted in phases due to project size, funding and STIP schedule.
Table 4 describes the proposed project sections and phasing. Permit modification requests
will be submitted as the final design is completed for each of the remaining sections
according to the phasing dates provided in Table 4.
Table 4. Proiect Phasing for the Widening of US 158
Section
Approximate Section Limits
Approximate
Construction
Length (mi)
Letting
R-2577A
Begins at Old Greensboro Road in Winston-
Salem and extends to Belews Creek Road
5.6
March 2024
SR 1965 in Forsyth County
R-2577B
Begins at Belews Creek Road (SR 1965) in
Forsyth County and extends to Anthony
7.1
Post Year
Road SR 2034 in Guilford Count
R-2577C
Begins at Anthony Road (SR 2034) in
Guilford County and extends to the junction
of US 158 and US 220 (I-73) in Stokesdale,
6.1
Post Year
including a new location bypass section of
existingUS 158 through Stokesdale
INDEPENDENT UTILITY
The subject project has characteristics of independent utility:
(1) The project connects logical termini and
environmental matters on a broad scope,
(2) The project is usable and a reasonable
transportation improvements are made in the area;
(3) The project does not restrict consideration
foreseeable transportation improvements.
is of sufficient length to address
expenditure, even if no additional
of alternatives for other reasonably
RESOURCESTATUS
Waters within the project area are located in the Cape Fear River Basin (HUC
03030002), Roanoke River Basin (HUC 03010103) and Yadkin River Basin (HUC
03040101). There are six (6) named streams (see Table 5 — Project Area Streams) and
their associated unnamed tributaries within the project limits. There are no Outstanding
Resource Waters (ORW), High Quality Waters (HQW), Water Supply Waters (WS-I or
WS-II) waters within 1.0 mile of the project area.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 4 of 19

Jurisdictional Determination:
An updated Preliminary Jurisdictional Determination (PJD) was obtained from Nicole
Braspennickx (USACE) on November 26, 2018, for R-2577 - Sections A, B and C. John
Thomas (USACE) and Amy Euliss (NCDWR) attended the field visits on January 10,
2012 and February 1, 2012. Jurisdictional calls for an updated PJD for the R-2577 project
were obtained on November 26, 2018.
303(d) Impaired Waters:
No streams are listed for turbidity or sediment on the North Carolina 2022 Final 303(d)
list of impaired waters.
Table 5. Project Area Streams
Stream Name
Stream Index
Best Usage Class
Description
Number
Cape Fear River Basin HUC 03030002
From source to
Troublesome Creek
16-6-(0.3)
WS-III, NSW
Rockingham County
SR 2423
Roanoke River Basin HUC 03010103
From source to East
Kings Creek
22-27-8-3
B
Belews Creek Arm
of Belews Lake
From Town of
Kernersville Water
Belews Creek
22-27-(2)
C
Supply Dam to
Forsyth County SR
1966 Extension
Left Fork Belews
22-27-5
C
From source to
Creek
Belews Creek
Yadkin River Basin HUC 03040101
Martin Mill Creek
12-94-12-3-1
WS-III
From source to
Lowery Mill Creek
From source to a
Lowery Mill Creek
12-94-12-3-(0.5)
WS-III
point 0.6 mile
upstream of mouth
IMPACTS TO WATERS OF THE U.S.
Tables 6, 7 and 8 summarize the impacts to jurisdictional water resources for the final
design of R-2577A. Site numbers correspond with the permit (hydraulic) drawings
included in this application. The stream and wetland numbers correspond to the NRTR. A
brief description of each impact site will follow the tables.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 5 of 19

Table 6. R-2577A Wetland Impacts within the Yadkin Basin (03040101)
Permanent
Mechanized
Impacts
Permit
Wetland
Wetland
Fill in
Excavation
Clearing
Requiring
Site
ID
Size (ac)
Wetlands
1
(ac)
Mitigation','
(ac)
5B
WHP
1 0.09
0.02
<0.01
0.02
0.04
5C
WHQ
1 0.02
0.02
--
--
0.02
Total Impacts
0.04
<0.01
0.02
0.06
1 Impacts less than 0.005 are rounded down for totals 2Mitigation will be provided by DMS
Table 7. R-2577A Stream Impacts within the Yadkin Basin (03040101)
Impacts
Impacts
Permit
Stream
Stream
Impact Type
Permanent
Temporary
Requiring
USACE
Requiring
NCDWR
Site
Name (P/I)*
ID
Impact (If)
Impact (If)
Mitigation
Mitigation
(if)
(if)
UT to
Channel
IA
Lowery Mill
SFC
Armoring
25
22
25
--
Creek (P)
UT to
Perm. Fill
1 B
Lowery Mill
SFC
(72" RCP)
84
--
84
--
Creek (P)
UT to
I
Lowery Mill
SFC
Perm. Fill
58
--
58
--
Creek (P)
UT to
Perm. Fill
ID
Lowery Mill
SFC
(72" RCP)
77
__
77
Creek P
UT to
Channel
1 E
Lowery Mill
SFC
Armoring
24
22
24
--
Creek (P)
UT to
Bank
2A
Lowery Mill
SFB
Stabilization
13
14
--
--
Creek (P)
UT to
Channel
2B
Lowery Mill
SFB
Armoring
20
--
20
--
Creek (P)
UT to
Perm Fill
2C
Lowery Mill
SFB
(6'X6'
81
--
81
--
Creek (P)
RCBC)
UT to
Perm Fill
2D
Lowery Mill
SFB
(6'X6'
86
--
86
--
Creek P
RCBC
UT to
Channel
2E
Lowery Mill
SFB
Armoring
15
26
15
--
Creek (P)
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 6 of 19

Table 7. Continued
Impacts
Impacts
Permit
Stream Name
Stream
Permanent
Temporar
Requiring
Requiring
Site
(P/I)
ID
Impact Type
Impact (If)
y Impact
USACE
NCDWR
(if)
Mitigatio
Mitigation
n 1
1
3A
UT to Lowery
SFA
Channel
29
9
29
--
Mill Creek (I)
Armoring
3B
UT to Lowery
SFA
Perm. Fill (60"
30
--
30
--
Mill Creek (I)
RCP)
3C
UT to Lowery
SFA
Perm Fill (60"
27
-
27
-
Mill Creek I
RCP
3D
UT to Lowery
SFA
Bank
63
--
--
Mill Creek I
Stabilization
4A
Lowery Mill
SEW
Bank
114
--
--
--
Creek P
Stabilization
413
Lowery Mill
SEW
Bank
88
-
-
-
Creek P
Stabilization
UT to Martin
Perm. Fill/
5A
Mill Creek (P)
SET
Channel
331
14
331
331
Change
6A
Martin Mill
SES
Channel
24
6
24
--
Creek (P)
Armoring
Martin Mill
Perm. Fill
6B
Creek (P)
SES
(5'X5' RCBC)
26
--
26
upstream
Martin Mill
Perm. Fill
6C
Creek (P)
SES
(5'X5' RCBC)
56
--
56
--
downstream
6D
Martin Mill
SES
Channel
31
10
31
--
Creek P
Armoring
Total Temporary Impacts
--
123
Total Permanent Impacts (Including Bank
1302
Stabilization):
Bank Stabilization Impacts:
1 278
Total Impacts Requiring Mitigation:
1 1,024 if**
*P = Perennial; I = Intermittent
1/ - Stream ID corresponds to R-2577ABC PJD labeling; 2/ - USACE stream mitigation is typically at a ratio of 2:1;
3/ Impacts to SFA are proposed at a ratio of 1:1 due to a rating of Low on NCSAM for 861f of permanent impact
** - Final mitigation requirement will be determined by USACE and DWR. Mitigation for stream impacts of 1,024
If is offered with 86 if at 1:1 ratio & 938 if at 2:1 ratio from Brushy Mountain mitigation site.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 7 of 19

Table 8. R-2577A Stream Impacts within the Roanoke Basin (03010103)
Impacts
Impacts
Permit
Stream
Stream
Permanent
Temporary
Requiring
Requiring
Site
Name
ID
Impact Type
Impact (If)
Impact (If)
USACE
USACE
NCDWR
(P/n*
Mitigation
1
1
Left Fork
Perm Fill (48"
7A
Belews
SEL
178
--
178
--
Creek I
RCP)
Left Fork
Belews
Bank
7B
Creek (I &
SEL
Stabilization
16
13
--
--
P
Total Temporary Impacts
--
13
Total Permanent Impacts (Including Bank
Stabilization):
194
Bank Stabilization Impacts:
1 16
Total Impacts Requiring Mitigation:
1 178 If**
*P = Perennial; I = Intermittent
1/ - Stream ID corresponds to R-2577ABC PJD labeling; 2/ - USACE stream mitigation is typically at a ratio of 2:1;
** - Final mitigation requirement will be determined by USACE and DWR. Mitigation for stream impacts of 178 if
is offered with at 2:1 ratio with 47.5 if from DMS and 130.5 if from Little Peters Creek mitigation site.
Permit Site IA: There will be 47 if of impacts to Stream SFC, 22 if will be temporary
and 25 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring the channel to
achieve post construction stability.
Permit Site 1B: There will be 84 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFC. The impacts
are the result of the installation of an inlet structure and 72-inch reinforced concrete pipe
(RCP), and roadway fill.
Permit Site 1C: There will be 58 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFC. The impacts
are the result of roadway fill.
Permit Site 11): There will be 77 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFC. The impacts
are the result of the installation of an outlet structure and 72-inch RCP, and roadway fill.
Permit Site IE: There will be 46 if of impacts to Stream SFC, 22 if will be temporary
and 24 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring the channel to
achieve post -construction stability.
Permit Site 2A: There will be 27 if of impacts to Stream SFB, 14 if will be temporary
and 13 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of bank stabilization to achieve
post -construction stability.
Permit Site 2B: There will be 20 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFB. The impacts
are the result of armoring the channel bed and bank to achieve post -construction stability.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 8 of 19

Permit Site 2C: There will be 81 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFB. The impacts
are the result of the upstream extension of an inlet structure for a 6-foot by 6-foot
reinforced concrete box culvert (RCBC).
Permit Site 2D: There will be 86 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFB. The impacts
are the result of the downstream extension of an inlet structure for a 6-foot by 6-foot
reinforced concrete box culvert (RCBC).
Permit Site 2E: There will be 41 if of impacts to Stream SFB, 26 if will be temporary
and 15 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring channel bed and bank
to achieve post -construction stability.
Permit Site 3A: There will be 38 if of impacts to Stream SFA, 91f will be temporary and
29 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring the channel to achieve
post -construction stability.
Permit Site 3B: There will be 30 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFA. The impacts
are the result of the installation of an inlet structure, 60-inch RCP, and roadway fill.
Permit Site 3C: There will be 27 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFA. The impacts
are the result of the installation of an inlet structure, 60-inch RCP, and roadway fill.
Permit Site 3D: There will be 63 if of permanent impacts to Stream SFA. The impacts
are the result of bank stabilization associated with the 60-inch RCP.
Permit Site 4A: There will be 114 if of permanent impacts to Stream SEW. The impacts
are the result of upstream bank stabilization associated with a new dual bridge replacing
an existing 3-barrel RCBC.
Permit Site 4B: There will be 88 if of permanent impacts to Stream SEW. The impacts
are the result of downstream bank stabilization associated with a new dual bridge
replacing an existing 3-barrel RCBC. The rip rap channel is not part of the impacts at this
site. It was previously impacted by the culvert.
Permit Site 5A: There will be 345 if of impacts to Stream SET, 14 if will be temporary
and 331 if will be permanent. The impacts are to the perennial section of SET due to
roadway fill and channel change.
Permit Site 5B: There will be a 0.02-ac permanent impact to Wetland WHP. This impact
involves <0.01 ac of excavation in the wetland and 0.02 ac of mechanized clearing in the
wetland. The impacts are the result of roadway fill and channel change.
Permit Site 5C: There will be a 0.02-ac (total take) impact to Wetland WHQ. This
impact does not involve wetland excavation or mechanized clearing in the wetland. The
impacts are the result of roadway fill and channel change.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 9 of 19

Permit Site 6A: There will be 30 if of impacts to Martin Mill Creek (SES), 6 if will be
temporary and 24 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring the
channel to achieve post -construction stability.
Permit Site 6B: There will be 26 if of permanent impacts to Martin Mill Creek (SES).
The impacts are the result of the extension of an inlet structure for a 5-foot by 5-foot
reinforced concrete box culvert (RCBC), and installation of a trenchless 48"
supplemental pipe.
Permit Site 6C: There will be 56 if of permanent impacts to Martin Mill Creek (SES).
The impacts are the result of the extension of an outlet structure and 5-foot by 5-foot
RCBC, and installation of a trenchless 48" supplemental pipe.
Permit Site 61): There will be 41 if of impacts to Martin Mill Creek (SES), 10 if will be
temporary and 31 if will be permanent. The impacts are the result of armoring the
channel to achieve post -construction stability.
Permit Site 7A: There will be 178 if of permanent impacts to the intermittent portion
Stream SEL. The impacts are the result of roadway fill and the installation of a 48"
reinforced concrete pipe.
Permit Site 7B: There will be 29 if of impacts to the intermittent and perennial portions
of SEL, 13 if will be temporary and 161f will be permanent. The impacts are the result of
bank stabilization to achieve post -construction stability.
Pipe Burial
Table 9 includes all cross pipes in jurisdictional streams and proposed burial depth of
their inverts.
Table 9. Pine Invert Burial Denth in Jurisdictional Streams for R-2577A
Impact
Pipe Invert Burial
Pipe Location
Size & Material
Site
Depth (feet)
-Y9- 15+16 / -L- 101+02
72" Welded Steel
1
0.0
-L- 107+57
6' X 6' RCBC Extension
2
0.0
-Y 14- 13+31
60" RCP
3
0.0
5' X 5' RCBC Extension
-L2- 229+00
/ 48" Welded Steel
6
0.0
-L- 298+04 LT
48" RCP
7
0.0
CONSTRUCTION MORATORIUM
There are no construction moratoria for this project.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 10 of 19

FEDERALLY PROTECTED SPECIES
Plants and animals with Federal classification of Endangered (E) or Threatened (T) are
protected under provisions of Section 7 and Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act of
1973, as amended. As of October 31, 2022, the USFWS lists five federally protected
species for the study area. (Table 10). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted an
informal consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and received concurrence
with May Affect Not Likely to Adversely Affect determination for Roanoke logperch on
October l It", 2022.
Summary of Species with Habitat:
Table 10 — ESA federally protected species within the study area*
Scientific Name
Common
Federal
Habitat
Biological
Survey Date
Name
Status
Present
Conclusion
Glyptemys
bog turtle
T(S/A)
Yes
Not Required
Not Required
muhlenber ii
Percina rex
Roanoke
E
Yes
MA-NLAA
September 2021
logperch
Helianthus
Schweinitz's
E
Yes
No Effect
October 2021
schweinitzii
sunflower
Isotria
small whorled
T
Yes
No Effect
June 2022
medeoloides
pogonia
Perimyotis
tricolored bat
P
Yes
Not Required
Not Required
sub avus
IIPaC data checked on 01/25/2023 and is attached to this document.
T — Threatened, E — Endangered, T(S/A) — Threatened due to similarity of appearance,
P- Proposed Endangered, MA-NLAA - May Affect — Not Likely to Adversely Affect,
Bog turtle
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: April 1 — October 1 (visual surveys); April 1-
June 15 (optimal for breeding/nesting); May 1-June 30 (trapping surveys)
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do not require Section
7 consultation with the USFWS.
Roanoke logperch
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: year round; April -June (optimal)
Biological Conclusion: May Affect — Not Likely to Adversely Affect
RK&K aquatics biologists conducted a habitat review of the project and
determined that habit was present at the Belews Creek/US 158 crossing. A survey
was conducted on September 29t', 2021 and Roanoke logperch was not observed.
The aquatic species survey report is attached. A review of the NCNHP database
updated July 51h, 2022, indicates no records of Roanoke logperch within 1.0 mile
of the project study area. Concurrence was received on October 1 lth, 2022, from
the USFWS on the May Affect — Not Likely to Adversely Affect and is attached.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 11 of 19

Schweinitz's sunflower
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: late August - October
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Habitat in the form of roadside rights -of -way, maintained power lines, utility
rights -of -way, edges of thickets, and clearings are located throughout the study
area. A survey was conducted and Schweinitz's sunflower was not observed. A
review of the NCNHP database updated July 5th, 2022, indicates no records of
Schweinitz's sunflower within 1.0 mile of the project study area.
Small whorled pogonia
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: mid May - early July
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Habitat in the form of second to third successional growth mixed -deciduous and
open, dry deciduous woods are located throughout the study area. A survey was
conducted and Schweinitz's sunflower was not observed. A review of the NCNHP
database updated July 5th, 2022, indicates no records of small whorled pogonia
within 1.0 mile of the project study area.
Tricolored bat
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: May 15- August 15
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
Species listed as proposed do not require Section 7 consultation with the USFWS.
Habitat in the form of trees and culverts are present. A review of the NCNHP
database updated July 5th, 2022, indicates no records of tricolored bat within 1.0
mile of the project study area.
INDIRECT CUMULATIVE IMPACT ANALYSIS
The indirect and cumulative effects associated with the proposed project have been
identified and assessed in the Land Use Scenario Assessment (LUSA) (NCDOT, 2018).
Indirect and cumulative impacts were assessed within the Future Land Use Study Area
(FLUSA) by predicting changes in development types within defined probable
development areas (PDA) that could result from the proposed project. The LUSA
identifies and analyzes three PDAs along US 158. The PDAs were assessed based on
scope of development, development intensity, regional population and employment
growth, pressure for land development, and planned/managed uses and impacts for both
the No -Build and Build scenarios. According to local planners, the areas around PDAs 1
and 3 are expected to develop with or without the project. PDA 2 will develop faster with
the project but will likely be equally influenced by the completion of the Winston-Salem
Beltway. Qualitative analyses of the probable development patterns in the FLUSA also
suggest that cumulative changes in land use resulting from this project, along with
subsequent private and public development actions, are not likely to notably increase the
area of impervious surfaces over the No -Build scenario.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 12 of 19

CULTURAL RESOURCES
This project is subject to compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended, and implemented by the Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation regulations for compliance with Section 106, for a
licensed or permitted project that has an effect on a property listed on or eligible for
listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
Historic Resources:
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 106 of the NHPA, an intensive architectural field
survey conducted in 2011 identified 390 resources of possible significance within the
project study area. These findings were presented to the North Carolina State Historic
Preservation Office (SHPO) on January 24, 2012, and 30 resources were identified as
meriting further investigation. Additionally, the potential bypass routes around the
Stokesdale town center were surveyed in March 2012, and an additional 90 resources
were identified. These resources were reviewed with SHPO in May 2012, and it was
determined that no further investigation was merited for the additional 90 resources. Of
the 30 resources investigated, six were found eligible for NRHP listing. The Stokesdale
Commercial Historic District was also determined eligible. Effects consultations between
the SHPO and NCDOT were held on July 9, 2013, and September 22, 2015. They
determined that the only NRHP-eligible property that would be adversely affected by the
project is Edgewood Baptist Church (FY 3292) in Section A. After refinement of the
preliminary designs, NCDOT held a meeting with the SHPO on January 8, 2018, and
confirmed the historic property boundary for Edgewood Baptist Church. NCDOT agreed
to investigate further minimization measures to the church and continue coordinating
with the SHPO and the church. After completion of the preliminary design plans,
NCDOT held additional coordination with the SHPO to revisit effects to the properties
eligible for NRHP on January 9, 2018, and June 12, 2018. An avoidance alternative for
the Edgewood Baptist Church vicinity was presented at the meeting in January 2018,
which imposed minimal impacts to the church, but would require the relocation of seven
residences across US 158 from the church. At the request of the SHPO, NCDOT
developed a minimization alternative and presented it to the SHPO in June 2018.
The minimization alternative includes the following:
Edgewood Baptist Church
• Incorporated best -fit widening with a reduced median (23 feet instead of 30 feet)
and a retaining wall in front of the church to minimize impacts to both the church
and the residences located across from the church; will not require relocations of
residences across from the church but will result in the loss of some parking
spaces in front of the church and will require the church sign (two if needed) to be
relocated.
Bel Air Drive -In Theater
• Minimizes ROW acquisition to the drive-in; preservation of access; no impacts to
components; maintains 2:1 side slopes along the parcel.
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In a supplemental concurrence form signed November 30, 2022, NCDOT and SHPO
agreed that this minimization alternative constitutes no adverse effect to the Edgewood
Baptist Church if the specified commitments are met. These commitments include:
• Safety treatments along retaining wall in front (southeast of) church building.
• The rear (northwest side) of the retaining wall facing the church building will be
finished with a brick veneer matching the church facade in bond and color. The
barrier with moment slab will receive a warm, neutral stain to complement the
brick veneer.
• The one -foot -tall fence will be black in color and conform (see design illustrated
in the supplemental concurrence form).
• A seven -foot -wide grassed planting strip is also included in the design.
• The structure will not compromise any contributing element of the historic
property.
• The driveway on Churchland Drive will be relocated further from the Reidsville
Road intersection per request of the church. New location is at similar grade to
existing.
• Temporary construction easement will be shifted northwest and existing driveway
removed (see attached aerial in the supplemental concurrence form).
• Driveway relocation will not impact any contributing element of the historic
property.
Table 11. Historic Resource Determinations
Section
Historic Resource
National Register
Effect
Status
Edgewood Baptist
Determined Eligible,
No Adverse Effect
R-2577A
Church
Criterion C Criteria
With Commitments
Considerations A & G
R-2577C
D.A. Jones House
Determined Eligible
No Effect
Criterion C
R-2577C
Taylor -Edward House
Determined Eligible
No Effect
Criterion C
R-2577C
Bi-Rite Supermarket
Determined Eligible
No Effect
Criterion A & C
R-2577C
Wray House
Determined Eligible
No Effect
Criterion C
R-2577A
Bel Air Drive -In
Determined Eligible
No Adverse Effect
Theater
Criterion A
with Commitments
R-2577C
Stokesdale Commercial
Determined Eligible
No Effect
Historic District
Criterion A & C
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 14 of 19

Archaeological Resources:
NCDOT conducted an intensive archaeological survey and evaluation for the proposed
widening and improvement of US 158. The survey identified 32 isolated finds and 34
archaeological sites. The 32 isolated finds have no information potential and are
recommended not eligible for the NRHP under any of the four criteria. The 34
archaeological sites included one historic burial, 22 historic sites, one prehistoric site, and
10 multicomponent sites. All 34 sites are recommended not eligible for the NRHP under
any of the four criteria. Site 31GF514** includes two human graves. Located in Section
C, with the two graves outside of the construction footprint, but straddling both
alternatives within the overall project study area. Although the site is not eligible for the
NRHP, it should be avoided during any construction activities. If the gravesites cannot be
avoided, the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) will make the determination as to how
the removal and relocation of the gravesites be treated, i.e. by following either NC
General Statute (GS) 65 or NC GS 70, Article 3. If treated under GS 65, removal and
relocation will be handled by the NCDOT Right -of -Way Office. If treated under GS 70,
Article 3, removal, and relocation will be handled by the NCDOT Archaeology Group in
consultation with the Right -of -Way Office, next of kin, and the OSA.
Tribal Coordination:
Coordination with the Catawba was completed on April 21, 2020, the Catawba identified
no immediate concerns regarding traditional cultural properties, sacred sites or Native
American archaeological sites within the boundaries of the project area. The Catawba are
to be notified if Native American artifacts and / or human remains are located during the
ground disturbance phase of this project.
FEMA COMPLIANCE
Forsyth and Guilford counties are participants in the National Flood Insurance Program
(NFIP), administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). This
project will involve construction activities on or adjacent to FEMA regulated streams.
Based on the most current information available from the North Carolina Floodplain
Mapping Program (NCFMP), the project will cross Lowery Mill Creek, Belews Creek,
and Belews Lake, all of which have an associated 100-year floodplain. Additionally, the
project will cross a regulatory floodway at Lowery Mill Creek and Belews Creek. The
Hydraulics Unit will coordinate with the NCFMP to determine the status of the project
with regard to applicability of the NCDOT Memorandum of Agreement with the
NCFMP, or approval of a Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) and subsequent
final Letter of Map Revision (LOMR). This project involves construction activities on or
adjacent to a FEMA-regulated stream. Therefore, engineers from NCDOT Divisions 7
and 9 shall submit sealed as -built construction plans to the NCDOT Hydraulics Unit upon
completion of project construction, certifying that the drainage structures and roadway
embankments located within the 100-year floodplain were built as shown in the
construction plans, both horizontally and vertically.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 15 of 19

WILD AND SCENIC RIVER SYSTEM
The project will not impact any designated Wild and Scenic Rivers, or any rivers
included in the list of study rivers (Public Law 90-542, as amended).
MITIGATION OPTIONS
The NCDOT is committed to incorporating all reasonable and practicable design features
to avoid and minimize jurisdictional impacts, and to provide full compensatory mitigation
of all remaining, unavoidable jurisdictional impacts. Avoidance measures were taken
during the planning and NEPA compliance stages; minimization measures were
incorporated as part of the project design.
Avoidance and Minimization:
NCDOT has avoided impacting many wetlands and streams and reduced impacts to
wetlands and streams to the greatest extent practicable. Wetland impacts have been kept
to a minimum by avoiding ditching and channelization through wetlands. Existing
drainage patterns to the wetlands have been kept to the extent practicable to maintain the
hydrology feeding the wetlands. Other specific examples of avoidance and minimization
measures include:
• Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be utilized during construction to
attempt to reduce the stormwater impacts to receiving streams and wetlands due
to erosion and runoff.
• Drainage outfalls along the project have been analyzed to verify stability and
outlet protection has been incorporated into the design for all proposed drainage
improvements.
• Multiple proposed culverts utilize junction boxes to dissipate energy, reduce the
slope of the pipe and provide reduced outlet velocity to the stream bed and bank.
• Additionally, rip rap channel stabilization has been provided at the outlets of large
culverts where appropriate to reduce the threat of erosion.
• Rip rap bank stabilization has been provided where appropriate to promote bank
stability.
• Storm drainage systems were discharged outside of jurisdictional features where
practicable.
• Existing culverts at the following locations will be replaced with dual bridges:
o Lowery Mill Creek — proposed bridge lengths of 85'
o Belews Creek — proposed bridge lengths of 110'
• Bridge 164 over Belews Lake will be replaced with dual bridges (100') and the
vertical alignment has been adjusted at Belews Lake crossing (raised 4').
• Side slopes will be reduced from 6:1 to 2:1, where possible and without requiring
the installation of guardrail, to further minimize stream and wetland impacts:
o R-2577 A&B an estimated reduction of 96 LF of overall stream impacts
o R-2577 A&B segment 3 transitional widening
an estimated reduction of 101 LF of stream impacts
o R-2577C an estimated reduction of 21 LF of stream impacts
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 16 of 19

• Additional minimization measures for non jurisdictional resources have been
incorporated into the preliminary design plans
• Edgewood Baptist Church (eligible for National Register of Historic Places
[NRHP]) — minimized impacts to church and residences across the street:
o shifted alignment slightly to the south
o reduced median width to 23'
o tightened side slopes to 2:1
o proposed retaining wall in front of church parking lot
• Drive -In Movie Theater (eligible for NRHP) tightened side slopes to reduce
Impacts
• North of NC-66 the project incorporates the Design Standards for Sensitive
Watersheds (DSSW) [15A NCAC 04B .0124(a)-(e). As a effort to avoid impacts
to the Roanoke log perch.
Compensatory Mitigation:
The NCDOT has avoided and minimized impacts to jurisdictional resources to the
greatest extent practicable as described above. Tables 2 and 3 summarize the wetland and
stream impacts for each section of this project. This project will permanently impact 1.72
acres of wetlands and 8,032 linear feet of streams.
At this time, DMS will provide compensatory mitigation for wetlands in R-2577A. For
stream mitigation, NCDOT acquired mitigation credits from DMS, Brushy Mountain
Mitigation Site, and Little Peters Creek Mitigation Site. DMS will provide 95 credits for
stream impacts in the Roanoke River Basin Cataloging Unit (03010103). Brushy
Mountain Mitigation Site located in western North Carolina and is sponsored by
Restoration Systems. The site is located on Macemore Road, three miles south of Elkin,
in Yadkin County, North Carolina. This site is within the Yadkin River Basin Cataloging
Unit (03040101) and will be used to offset impacts associated projects for NCDOT. To
offset impacts associated with R-2577A, Restoration Systems will be debiting Brushy
Mountain Mitigation Site for 1,962 linear feet. The Little Peters Creek Mitigation Site is
located in Stokes County within the Roanoke River Basin Cataloging Unit (03010103).
NCDOT acquired the 720 linear foot stream enhancement site to mitigate for
unavoidable, jurisdictional impacts associated with future projects in the Roanoke River
Basin. To offset impacts associated with R-2577A, NCDOT will be debiting Little Peters
Creek Mitigation Site for 261 linear feet. Project sections R-2577B and R-2577C are not
due to let within the next 5 years. Table 12 summarizes the total mitigation provided as
0.12 acres of wetland impacts and 2,318 linear feet of stream impacts. Compensatory
mitigation for R-2577B and R-2577C will be provided accordingly during the subsequent
permit modifications. These modifications will occur when final designs on the
remaining sections have been completed.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 17 of 19

Table 12. Summary of Mitigation Provided for Sections Letting within 5 Years
Wetland
Stream
Buffer
Design
Mitigation
Impacts
Impacts
Impacts
Section
Stage
Provider
Requiring
Requiring
Requiring
Mitigation
Mitigation
Mitigation
ac
1
s ft
R-2577A
Final
DMS
0.12'
952
--
Brushy
R-2577A
Final
Mountain
--
1,962'
--
Mitigation
Site
Little Peters
R-2577A
Final
Creek
-
2614
--
Mitigation
Site
Total
0.12
2,318
'Wetlands impacts of 0.06 acres mitigation is offered at a 2:1 ratio
2 Stream impacts of 47.5 if is offered at 47.5 if at 2:1 ratio
'Stream impacts of 1,0241f is offered at 861f at 1:1 ratio & 938 if at 2:1 ratio
a Stream impacts of 130.5 if is offered at 130.5 if at 2:1 ratio
Explanation of mitigation provided
Section in Final Design (R-2577A)
Sections in Preliminary Design with LET dates are greater than 5 years (R-2577B and R-
2577C).
Streams:
Total Project Impacts:
8,021 linear feet
Sections to Let >5 Years
-6,389 linear feet
Bank Stabilization for Final Design
-294 linear feet
Temporary Impacts
-136 linear feet
Balance
1,202 linear feet
Yadkin watershed mitigation
1,024 linear feet
Roanoke watershed mitigation
178 linear feet
Cape Fear watershed mitigation
0 linear feet
Wetlands:
Total Project Impacts:
1.74 acres
Sections to Let >5 Years
-1.68 acres
Balance
0.06 acres
Yadkin watershed mitigation
0.06 acres
Roanoke watershed mitigation
0 acres
Cape Fear watershed mitigation
0 acres
JORDAN LAKE RIPARIAN BUFFER IMPACTS
The portion of the project subject to the Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer rules is located in
Section C and is currently in a preliminary design stage. Impacts to buffers will be
determined upon final design.
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 18 of 19

REGULATORY APPROVALS
Section 404: Application is hereby made for a USACE Individual 404 Permit as required
for the above -described activities.
Section 401: We are hereby requesting a 401 Water Quality Certification from the N. C.
Division of Water Resources. In compliance with Section 143 215.313(e) of the NCAC,
we will provide $570.00 to act as payment for processing the Section 401 permit
application previously noted in the application (see Subject line).
Thank you for your assistance with this project. If you have any questions or need
additional information, please contact Amy Euliss at aeulisskncdot.gov or (336) 747-
7800. A copy of this application and distribution list will also be posted on the NCDOT
website at http://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Environmental/Pages.
Sincerely,
Amy Euliss
Division 9 PDEA Engineer
cc: NCDOT Permit Application Standard Distribution List
Attachments:
Project Area Map
ENG Form 4345
NCDMS Acceptance Letter
Brushy Mountain Mitigation Site Letter
Little Peters Creek Mitigation Site Letter
NCSAM Form (SFA)
USFWS IPaC
USFWS Consultation Letter
Concurrence Point 4B/4C Meeting Minutes
Tribal Coordination Documentation
November 2022 Effects Form
SEPA EA/FONSI
Stormwater Management Plan
Permit Drawings
Roadway Right -of -Way Plans
Preliminary Sections Permit Maps
Mailing Labels (Separate Electronic
Attachment)
R-2577ABC Phased Individual Permit Page 19 of 19