20071134 Ver 1_Environmental Assessment_20040719

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................................................1
'~; II. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION AND BACKGROUND ................................... 2
-• ~ III. DEFINITION OF STUDY AREA BOUNDARIES .............................................. 3
IDENTIFICATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC AREA ............................................................................................ 3
IDENTIFICATION OF THE POTENTIAL GROWTH IMPACT AREA ............................................................... 4
IV. STUDY AREA DIRECTION AND GOALS ......................................................... 4
REGIONAL LOCATION INFLUENCES AND IMPLICATIONS ....................................................................... 4
POPULATION TRENDS .......................................................................................................................... . 5
EMPLOYMENT TRENDS ........................................................................................................................ . 6
TRANSPORTATION PLANS AND PROPOSED PROJECTS .......................................................................... 10
LOCAL LAND USE PLANS ................................................................................................................... 11
ZONING ............................................................................................................................................... 12
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ........................................................................................................ 13
Water Supply Watersheds ........................................................................................................... 13
303(d) Waters or Other Impaired Waters ................................................................................... 13
V. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES ........................................................13
VI. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS ............................................................14
PREVIOUS CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................... 14
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS ...................................................................................................................... 15
VII. POTENTIAL INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ............................16
CONTEXT FOR POTENTIAL LAND USE CHANGE .................................................................................. 16
POTENTIAL FOR INDUCED GROWTH .................................................................................................... 18
VIII. ANALYSIS OF INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ........................19
IX. EVALUATION OF ANALYSIS RESULTS ....................................................... 20
CONSIDERATION OF INDIRECT EFFECTS .............................................................................................. 2O
CONSIDERATION OF CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ....................................................................................... 21
X. APPENDIX .............................................................................................................22

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Office of Human Environment
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects (ICE) Report
TIP R-2518/R-2519, US 19/19E Widening
Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) has proposed widening US
19/19E from the future I-26 (existing US 19/23) in Madison County, through Yancey
County, to the Town of Spruce Pine in Mitchell County, North Carolina. The NCDOT
calls for US 19/19E to be widened from two and three lanes to a four-lane, median-
divided facility. The total length of the proposed Transportation Improvement Program
(TIP) projects R-2518 and R-2519 is approximately 30 miles. The NCDOT TIP indicates
that construction of R-2518 and R-2519A is scheduled to begin in FFY 2006, while
construction of the remaining portion of R-2519 (section B) is scheduled to begin in FFY
2009.
The Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) report is being delayed due to the
discovery of Appalachian Elktoe Mussels in the Cane River. The Natural Resources
Technical Report (NRTR) is expected to be completed by March 2004.
This report is intended to provide a preliminary analysis of the potential for indirect and
cumulative effects associated with these two TIP projects, and to provide information to
the United States Fish and Wildlife Agency, North Carolina Department of Environment
and Natural Resources (DENR), Division of Water Quality (DWQ). The preliminary
analysis includes discussion about downstream water quality impacts as they relate to
Section 401 Water Quality certification.
Study Area Directions and Goals
• Although population growth rates in the 1990s were substantially higher than those in
the 1980s, the growth rates for all geographies analyzed in this report were much less
than the average growth rate of North Carolina (21.4%) during the same time period.
_ • Madison County was the only county in the demographic area that experienced a
higher rate of employment growth than the State between 1990 and 2002. All three
counties experienced substantial losses in the manufacturing industry (ranging from
14.2% to 60.7%); however, manufacturing losses in Yancey and Mitchell Counties
were higher than that of the State, which lost 21.5% (176,271) of its 820,249
manufacturing jobs during the same time period.
w The TIP R-2518 and R-2519 portion of the US 19/19E corridor is becoming an
important tourist destination for the region, with the western terminus of TIP R-2518
only 25 miles from Asheville and the eastern terminus of TIP R-2519 approximately
-• 40 miles from Boone.

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 2S, 2004
Indirect and Cumulative Effects
• Local officials indicate that the growth occurring in the area is primarily due to
tourism, indicating that development is primarily based on construction of second
homes, recreational opportunities, and cottage industries (small and informally
organized industries), and not large-scale commercial development.
-~• • The cumulative impact of TIP R-2518 and R-2519 increases somewhat when
considered along with other TIP projects such as A-10 (I-26 multi-lane freeway from
Asheville to Tennessee), R-2520 (widening of US 19E/NC 194 from Spruce Pine to
US 221) and R-2598 (upgrade of NC 226 from Spruce Pine to the Blue Ridge
Parkway). The combination of these transportation improvements will improve
regional accessibility throughout this part of western North Carolina.
• Although some of the factors used to evaluate indirect and cumulative impacts
indicate that the potential for land use change is moderate, it is unlikely that TIP R-
2518 or TIP R-2519 will cause substantial indirect impacts to water quality. Minimal
market activity and unsuitable topography for large-scale development should
minimize any potential deterioration to water quality.
II. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION AND BACKGROUND
TIP R-2518 and TIP R-2519 include the proposed widening of US 19/19E from future I-
26 (existing US 19/23) in Madison County, through Yancey County, to the Town of
Spruce Pine in Mitchell County, North Carolina (see Figure I). TIP R-2518 includes the
widening of US 19/19E from future I-26 to SR 1336, a distance of approximately 14.2
miles. TIP R-2519 includes widening the same roadway from SR 1336 to Spruce Pine, a
distance of approximately 15.5 miles. The NCDOT TIP indicates that construction of R-
2518and R-2519A is scheduled to begin in FFY 2006, while construction of the
remaining portion of R-2519 (section B) is scheduled to begin in FFY 2009. The 2001
State Environmental Assessment (SEA), which addresses TIP R-2518 and R-2519
Section A, indicates that the purpose of this project is to increase the capacity of US
19/19E, improve system linkage and improve safety.
Based on the SEA, the NCDOT recommended the "best fit" widening option, which
minimizes social and environmental impacts along the US 19/19E corridor. The NCDOT
PDEA Engineer indicates that the roadway will have partial access control and will be a
four-lane, divided facility. NCDOT also indicates that there will be two small segments
of relocated roadway in the western portion of the project (TIP R-2518).
The SEA designates US 19/19E as a principal arterial. In 1997, the annual average daily
traffic (AADT) on US 19/19E ranged from 5,800 at the Madison/Yancey County Line to
20,300 just east of Burnsville. The projected AADTs for 2025 ranged from 11,500 to
36,600 (for a situation in which the proposed projects are not built). Those volumes may
be greater if capacity is added to US 19/19E.
2

R-1518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey & Mitchell Counties
Indirect and Cumulative Effects (ICE) Assessment
February 25, 2004
•• ;v ~ 1 _ ~ /
~;. - f ~I ~~ Bak~ersville~
., ~
~ I • ~.
- -
TENNESSEE ~ '~',~ `~ ~ ;.r 1 ~ ~ 4,..._1I''- .
I'"~
~~, ~ .~^-~' ~ `ti4 ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ,~ !COUNTY ~ AVERY
r
~`~ ,+ ,-~~r~ - YANCEY COUNTY ~ Jam.' ?," ~.. --'
~, ' `~.. '`~ i ~~ ~\ ~ ~,; ~ `~..~ ~ ~~ Nc s9 ~ ~ 1~ "~ ~~ COUNTY
-- r ,
`~,~ I ~ ~. I. NC 197 ~ ~"~" / ~
,, ~ ~
~~ ~ 1 ~ 1
I i ~ ~, ~,
~` `~ ~ ~ ~ ~I l., - f Burnsville ~ ! ~ - Spruce Pine'
~~ ~ , , ~.
r \\, - . ,
~~~ ~ 19 ~ ~ ~ ~ _ tIP R-2519q ~` v,, ~ ,
r''1 ~,` ~. ;..~.. TIP R`•2518B t' . _- ) , ^~ .
{ ~ ( I ~ ~.! i , ~, t ',. ~~ ~` Micaville ~ 1se 'fIP R-25198 ~ ~ ~ 1
x -
` ~ ~ ~f ~ ~ ~ ~'' . ~ ~" NC 226
~ ~~ ~ -.~
1 Mars Hill I ~ , , }, ~ `''~ a~! ~ `,/, ~ , ~ , ~--~rt'~A ~ ~; /
...
I i'. MADISON%" `~ ~~~ I ~ •..
` ~ ~ ~~
~,
~' ~ ~~` COUNTY ~~ ~ m~~ ~.' ~--.,~ . ;
~, \ ~ _ , f
~NC 213 r ~3~..~.s_c~ ~ ~`~,,-•. ~ _ ,~
.~. ~ ,
~ ,
.,
~, r ; H ~ ~ ~~,, ~
S 1, i _ti Bernardsville Hwy / ~ ~,/ _
1912 ~ A ,~ MCDOWELL COUNTY ~
\ ~ /
~ti ,.. f ~a i•-1 ,~_:^' ~ Mt Mitchell`.. ~ ~ ~ ~
J ~ ~~ ~ ~ BUNCOMBE COUNTY ti State Park
~i_.... \ ~~_, ~ ?~, I ~~_~~,~~~ , ~~/~ - ~ ) \l y '~ 221
~.
~;
~~ ~,~ ~"~ ~ ', .' ~ ~ ~ ~\ Blue Ridge Pkwy ~ ~ . ~~ .
1
~~
~~~ ~~^ Weayerville' ~ ~~~ //
V,\ ` I \
.,.,
_..-:
~. ~ .
~;~,, `" r~~ ~ .,~ ~ C
h -
.~ ,
..; I _
FIGURE I. TIP ALIGNMENT
~ TIP R-2518IR-2519
TIP A-10
TIP R-2520
.... TIP R-2598
-MAJOR ROADS
MINOR ROADS
~T RAILROAD
RIVERS & STREAMS
u WATER BODIES
MUNICIPAL BOUNDARY
COUNTY BOUNDARY
MOUNT MITCHELL STATE PARK
2.5 1.25 0 2.5 5 Miles
N
MAP SOURCES:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRAWSPORTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ESR~
MADISON COUNTY
MITCHELL COUNTY
. YANCEY COUNTY

( _ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
_, r~ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Two existing bridge structures, those over Price Creek and Cane River, must also be
widened to accommodate the improvements to US 19/19E.
Small-scale commercial uses are concentrated along the US 19/19E corridor, especially at
towns or major intersections, such as those at or near US 19/23, the Cane River hamlet
(Bald Creek community), Burnsville, NC 80 and NC 226/Spruce Pine. There is also
- some scattered industry, primarily between Burnsville and Spruce Pine. The western
portion of the corridor is primarily rural in character, with low-density, single-family
uses. The eastern portion of the corridor still has low-density housing, but there are more
commercial and industrial uses mixed-in with the residential uses. Much of the land is
unsuitable for development due to the steep topography, stream crossings and wetlands.
III. DEFINITION OF STUDY AREA BOUNDARIES
Identification of Demographic Area
The TIP R-2518 and R-2519 portion of US 19/19E is located in Madison, Yancey and
Mitchell Counties in western North Carolina. The demographic area is created to
illustrate the general population trends of the people who are most directly impacted by
these two TIP projects (see Figure II). This demographic area is generally bounded by:
• Gabrieles Creek Road, NC 213 and Grapevine Road to the west.
• Laurel Valley Road, the Madison/Yancey County Line, the North Carolina/Tennessee
State Line, the Yancey/Mitchell County Line, NC 80 and Mine Creek Road to the
north.
• The MitchelUYancey County Line, Gouge's Creek Road and Hump Back Mountain
Road to the east.
• The MitchelUMcDowell County Line, the Blue Ridge Parkway, the
Yancey/Buncombe County Line and the Madison/Buncombe County Line to the
south.
The demographic area includes the following 2000 Census geographies:
• Census Tract 106, Block Groups 1-3
• Census Tract 107, Block Groups 1-2
• Census Tract 601, Block Groups 1-4
• Census Tract 602, Block Groups 2-4
• Census Tract 603, Block Groups 1-2
• Census Tract 604, Block Groups 1-3
• Census Tract 502, Block Group 4
• Census Tract 503, Block Groups 1-3
• Census Tract 504, Block Groups 1-3

- TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
~., Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Population Trends
The North Carolina Office of State Budget and Management indicates that the
populations of Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties were 16,827, 14,934 and 14,428
- (respectively) in 1980. The population grew by 0.7% in Madison, 3.2% in Yancey, and
0.1 % in Mitchell County between 1980 and 1990. By comparison, the population of
0
,_
North Carolina grew 12.8 /o between 1980 and 1990.
Although the 1990 to 2000 population growth rates for all the geographies analyzed were
substantially higher than those in the 1980s, Table I indicates that these growth rates were
still less than the population growth rate of North Carolina (21.4%) during the same time
period.
Tahle i. Ponulation Growth. 1990-2000
Po u lation Growth ~0=00
Ares ~ _
1990 ~ ~ ~~ 2000 ~ ~, ~~~~# ~~ ~~` ~` %..
Demo ra hic Area 27,241 31,641 4,400 16.2%
Madison Coun 16,953 19,635 2,682 15.8%
Town of Mars Hill 1,611 1,764 153 9.5%
Yance Coun 15,419 17,774 2,355 15.3%
Town of Burnsville 1,482 1,623 141 9.5%
Mitchell Coun 14,443 15,687 1,244 8.6%
Town of S ruce Pine 2,010 2,030 20 1.0%
North Carolina 6,628,637 8,049,313 1,420,676 21.4%
Source: US Census Bureau
Growth is not expected to be as strong in the next twenty years. The North Carolina
Office of State Budget and Management predicts that the growth rates of all counties in
the analysis area will be less than the projected growth rate of North Carolina between
2000 and 2020. Although all counties are expected to experience slower growth rates
than North Carolina, Mitchell County's predicted growth rate is substantially lower than
Madison and Yancey County's.
Table iT_ Ponulation Prniectinnc_ 2000-2020
_, Po ulatfon -. Growth 00-10 ?; Po ~latlon ~ ~Gtowth 10-2Q'
Atea °. 2000 2b10 . ;~ # ~' ~ ~'% ~ ' ~' 2010 ~ ~ ~ ~ 2020 f = . : !~ :'/e~
Madison
Coun 19,635 22,129 2,494 12.7% 22,129 24,479 2,350 10.6%
Yancey
Coun 17,774 19,819 2,045 11.5% 19,819 21,639 1,820 9.2%
Mitchell
Coun 15,687 16,557 870 5.5% 16,557 17,268 711 4.3%
North
Carolina 8,049,313 9,491,374 1,442,061 17.9% 9,491,374 10,966,138 1,474,764 15.5%
{ Source: Office of State Budget and Management
5

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Emuloyment Trends
According to data from the North Carolina Employment Security Commission, Madison
County gained 764 jobs between 1990 and 2002, resulting in a 23.0% growth rate. This
growth rate is higher than all other geographic areas studied in this report as well as that
of North Carolina (21.7%). The construction industry experienced the greatest amount of
_ growth, with 190 additional jobs representing a growth rate of 316.7%. The
manufacturing industry, and accommodations and food services industry lost 118
(14.2%) and 57 jobs (21.1%), respectively.
Tahle >(ii_ F.mnlovment Rv ~ectnr Growth. Madison County
`
~Em to meet , ~~
Glian a '90-'0. --
?
Sect9#'°,. ~ ~ X990 2002` # '' %:
Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishin & Huntin
11
11
0
0.0%
Minin N/A N/A N/A N/A
Utilities N/A N/A N/A N/A
Construction 60 250 190 316.7%
Manufacturin 833 715 -118 -14.2%
Wholesale Trade N/A 43 N/A N/A
Retail Trade 321 337 16 5.0%
Transportation,
Warehousing &
Information

N/A

123

N/A

N/A
Finance/Insurance/Real
Estate
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Professional &
Technical Services
20
45
25
125.0%
Management of
Companies &
Ente rises

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A
Administrative &
Waste Services
N/A
29
N/A
N/A
Educational Services N/A 1,017 N/A N/A
Health Care & Social
Assistance
361
510
149
41.3%
Arts, Entertainment &
Recreation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Accommodation &
Food Services
270
213
-57
-21.1
Other Services, Ex.
Public Administration
35
59
24
68.6%
Public Administration 435 446 11 2.5%
Unclassified N/A 6 N/A N/A
Total'~~ , c ':3 20' ~ ~ 4Q84 7_b4 23.0°/a
I * The total column was bases on NCESC's "total(s) of all industries."
Source: North Cazolina Employment Security Commission
6

- TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Yancey County lost 187 jobs between 1990 and 2002, resulting in a -4.4% growth rate.
Like Madison County, the construction industry gained employment (139 jobs/65.9%),
but the health and social assistance sector gained the most jobs (239 jobs/217.3%) of any
industry. The manufacturing industry lost the greatest number of jobs (-1,251 jobs/-
56.5%growth rate).
Tahle iV_ F.mnlnvment Rv ~ectnr Growth. Yancey County
`>~ ' ,:, Em~ lo~ menu ~ `,:: Chan a '~0-'0~'"
Sector 1990 2002:: ' #:. °/u~
Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishin & Huntin 28 38 10 35.7%
Minin 75 N/A N/A N/A
Utilities N/A N/A N/A N/A
Construction 211 350 139 65.9%
Manufacturin 2,215 964 -1,251 -56.5%
Wholesale Trade 49 75 26 53.1%
Retail Trade 348 485 137 39.4%
Transportation,
Warehousing &
Information 93 185 92 98.9%
Finance/Insurance/Real
Estate N/A 103 N/A N/A
Professional &
Technical Services 35 106 71 202.9%
Management of
Companies &
Ente rises N/A N/A N/A N/A
Administrative &
Waste Services 9 76 67 744.4%
Educational Services N/A 485 N/A N/A
Health Care & Social
Assistance 110 349 239 217.3%
Arts, Entertainment &
Recreation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Accommodation &
Food Services 276 303 27 9.8%
Other Services, Ex.
Public Administration 65 73 8 12.3%
Public Administration 331 357 26 7.9%
Unclassified N/A N/A N/A N/A
T.otal_ :. ,'.: -..:4279 4 092 .: - -187 -44%
*The total column was based on NCESC's "total(s) of all industries."
Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission
Although Mitchell County did not experience the amount of employment growth as
Madison County, it did have positive job growth (350 jobs/6.6%) between 1990 and
j 2002. Like Yancey County, all sectors except manufacturing gained employment during
7

- ~ _ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
this timeframe. Public administration, and health care and social assistance experienced
the greatest amount of personnel growth (264 jobs and 261 jobs respectively), while the
administrative and waste services industry experienced the greatest percentage growth
(565.5%). The manufacturing industry, as in Madison and Yancey Counties, experienced
the greatest loss of jobs (-1,185 jobs/-60.7%). The Situational Analysis Report for
Mitchell County by the North Carolina Department of Commerce concludes that the
following Mitchell County businesses have closed since 2000: Outboard Marine
Company, Lexington Furniture and Vision Legwear LLC.
Table V. Emnlovment By Sector Growth. Mitchell County
lim io'"menf - C `an a '90-'02
Sector. 1990 ~ '' 20ti2 # ~.. " ' , ~ % '
Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishin & Huntin
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Minin 241 345 104 43.2%
Utilities N/A N/A N/A N/A
Construction 232 281 49 21.1%
Manufacturin 1,953 768 -1,185 -60.7%
Wholesale Trade 118 118 0 0.0%
Retail Trade 631 807 176 27.9%
Transportation,
Warehousing &
Information

119

233

114

95.8%
Finance/Insurance/Real
Estate
125
135
10
8.0%
Professional &
Technical Services
38
64
26
68.4%
Management of
Companies &
Ente rises

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A
Administrative &
Waste Services
29
193
164
565.5%
Educational Services 599 764 165 27.5%
Health Care & Social
Assistance
498
759
261
52.4%
Arts, Entertainment &
Recreation
35
81
46
131.4%
Accommodation &
Food Services
216
298
82
38.0%
Other Services, Ex.
Public Administration
73
142
69
94.5%
Public Administration 312 576 264 84.6%
Unclassified N/A 8 N/A N/A
Total* ,, .4.,: `5274 5'24 . ". ,'` 350 . ~:: 6.6%'
* The total column was based on NC);5C's "total(s) oT all tndustnes."
,~ _ Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission
8

` ~ _ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Madison County was the only county in the demographic area that experienced a higher
rate of employment growth than the State (21.7%) between 1990 and 2002. Its proximity
to Asheville may have helped to prevent the losses experienced in the more eastern
portions of the demographic area. All three counties experienced substantial losses in the
manufacturing industry (ranging from 14.2% to 60.7%).
Table VI. Emnlovment By Sector Growth. North Carolina
,,~E~. to metit~-- ~'Chan'e '90-!,02~
Sector 194 2802 -~ .' >~ # ~~ ~ .°fo , .
Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishin & Huntin
21,827
31,376
9,549
43.7%
Minin 3,993 4,203 210 5.3%
Utilities 27,287 15,447 -11,840 -43.4%
Construction 166,733 219,036 52,303 31.4%
Manufacturin 820,249 643,978 -176,271 -21.5%
Wholesale Trade 139,697 162,233 22,536 16.1%
Retail Trade 381,041 442,878 61,837 16.2%
Transportation,
Warehousing &
Information

161,308

213,393

52,085

32.3%
Finance/Insurance/Real
Estate
135,534
184,990
49,456
36.5%
Professional &
Technical Services
91,327
148,043
56,716
62.1%
Management of
Companies &
Ente rises

35,104

63,565

28,461

81.1%
Administrative &
Waste Services
110,979
209,753
98,774
89.0%
Educational Services 233,161 317,043 83,882 36.0%
Health Care & Social
Assistance
261,592
439,986
178,394
68.2%
Arts, Entertainment &
Recreation
31,090
50,554
19,464
62.6%
Accommodation &
Food Services
206,014
288,201
82,187
39.9%
Other Services, Ex.
Public Administration
80,279
98,844
18,565
23.1%
Public Administration 171,716 214,079 42,363 24.7%
Unclassified N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total ~ ~~` ' 3 Q7$ 931 ~ ~ 3-'147 602- '~~ ~ 668 6'71 ' 21.7%~
-° Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission
Commercial and institutional uses (convenience stores, small retail uses, schools, light
~ industry, etc.) currently exist in several places along the US 19/19E corridor, particularly
around the Cane River and the Bald Creek Community, the Town of Burnsville, the
~ - community of Micaville and the Town of Spruce Pine. Similar types of commercial uses,
9

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
plus large retailers such as Wal-Mart, exist along NC 226 from Spruce Pine to the Blue
Ridge Parkway.
The improved roadway facility may encourage or accelerate some small scale
_~ ~ commercial uses and residential communities, but TIP R-2518 and TIP R-2519 will not
J provide new access to undeveloped and/or suitable land, limiting the potential amount of
~: induced growth.
Commercial Uses along US 19/19E
According to NCDOT, Madison County does not have a Thoroughfare Plan. A
Thoroughfare Plan Map was prepared for Mars Hill in the 1960s, but there is no written
Thoroughfare Plan. According to local officials, the existing map does not include TIP
R-2518 or TIP R-2519. Mars Hill, in conjunction with the NCDOT, is currently updating
the Thoroughfare Plan Map and writing a textual plan, and local officials indicate that the
widening of US 19/19E will be included in the new plan.
NCDOT indicates that a Thoroughfare Plan does not exist for the Town of Burnsville;
J` however, one was adopted for Yancey County (1993/1994) as part of a Region D study.
_ The Mitchell County Thoroughfare Plan was included in this Region D study as well, and
Spruce Pine has a Thoroughfare Plan from the same time period. The Region D Plan lists
US 19/19E as a rural principal arterial system, which consists of a connected network of
,..~ • continuous routes with substantial statewide or interstate travel. TIP R-2518 and TIP R-
2519 are included in the Region D Plan. The Spruce Pine Plan classifies US 19E as a
major thoroughfare that serves as the primary carrier of east-west traffic. It indicates that
US 19E is an intrastate highway that is important to the region's economic development
10
Transportation Plans and Proposed Proiects

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
~, Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
effort. The Spruce Pine Plan also includes mention of the NCDOT plan to widen US 19E
both east and west of town.
TIP R-2518 and R-2519 are included in the NCDOT Statewide Strategic Corridor Map,
and are also in the NCDOT 2004-2010 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP).
Other NCDOT TIP projects in the PGIA include (see Figure I for location):
• A-10 -1-26 (multi-lane freeway, partially on new location) from Asheville to the
Tennessee State Line at Sams Gap. Section B, a 14-mile stretch of I-26 from just
south of the Madison/Buncombe County Line to the Tennessee State Line, is
currently under construction. The remainder of construction is set to begin in fiscal
year 2010.
• R-2520 -Widening of US 19E/NC 194 to multi-lanes from east of Spruce Pine to US
221. Construction scheduled to begin in fiscal year 2010 and post years.
• R-2598 -Upgrade of NC 226 from US 19E in Spruce Pine to the Blue Ridge
Parkway. Under construction.
Local Land Use Plans
Madison County
According to local officials, Madison County has a combined zoning and land use
ordinance titled the Madison County Land Use Ordinance (1974). Local officials
indicate that small-scale commercial uses are designated along US 19 from the
interchange at US 19/23 and approximately one mile eastward from the interchange. The
remainder of the corridor is designated as primarily residential. The Official Mars Hill
Zoning Map (last revised in 1981) shows a highway business zone along US 19/23 just
south of the interchange at US 19/19E and on the west side of that interchange. The vast
majority of vacant land north of Mars Hill is zoned as a rural residential and agricultural
district.
Yancey County
The Town of Burnsville does not have a land use plan or map; however, local officials
indicate that Yancey County and the Region D Council of Governments developed a
Land Use Plan in the 1970s. The Region D Council is also known as the High Country
Council of Governments, and serves as amulti-county planning organization for
Alleghany, Ashe, Avery, Mitchell, Watauga, Wilkes and Yancey Counties. This Region
D plan was not adopted by Yancey County and is not in use.
Mitchell County
Local officials in Mitchell County indicate that while there are no formal land use plans
for the County or for Spruce Pine, both entities have been using a children's book as their
r:, • vision for growth. "The Year of the Perfect Christmas Tree," by Gloria Houston,
embodies the type of close-knit community that Mitchell County residents desire. They
j hope that cottage industries such as tree farming, lantern making and other crafts, along
with these TIP projects, will bring new jobs and tourists to the area.
11

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
,~ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Although Mitchell County does not have an official land use plan, the North Carolina
Department of Commerce (NCDOC) prepared a Situational Analysis Report for Mitchell
County. This report lists as a key issue "improvements to transportation, water and
sewer, Internet access, etc, are necessary to support and promote economic
development." The NCDOC also recommends that the County work closely with the
NCDOT to keep highway improvements, such as the widening of US 19E, on schedule or
to accelerate them if at all possible.
It does not appear that TIP R-2518 or TIP R-2519 are in conflict with any of the local
plans or community goals. Local officials are positive about the widening project, and
indicate that the community feels the same way.
Zonin
Madison County
Mars Hill enforces zoning within its town limits and aone-mile extraterritorial
, jurisdiction, and Madison County enforces zoning throughout the unincorporated areas of
the County. According to local officials, most of the land along US 19/23 is zoned as
highway commercial, which allows for such businesses as motels, convenience stores,
warehouses, etc. The County has zoned much of the land adjacent to US 19 (from US
19/23 and one mile eastward) as residential business (RB), with a minimum lot size of
20,000 square feet. The remainder of the PGIA in Madison County is predominantly
residentiaUagricultural (RA 26), with a minimum lot size of 26,000 square feet.
Yancey County
Local officials indicate that Yancey County does not have zoning, but the Town of
Burnsville has an ordinance that was developed in the 1960s. Commercial districts are
concentrated along US 19E, and there is one industrial zone located near NC 197 and US
19E (where the Glen Raven Plant is situated). The remainder of the town is primarily
zoned as residential. Despite the fact that a zoning ordinance is in place, local officials
indicate that special permits and variances are commonly requested and granted.
Mitchell County
Similarly, Mitchell County does not currently have a zoning ordinance. The Town of
Spruce Pine, however, does have zoning that is enforced by the Mitchell County
Department of Inspections. Although TIP R-2519 ends at the Spruce Pine town limits, it
is important to note that the area around the project terminus is primarily zoned as alow-
density residential district (R-1). There is also a small neighborhood business district (C-
2) just inside the town limits and along US 19E. This district is designed to provide
commercial uses to nearby residential areas. Additionally, there is an industrial district
on the south side of US 19E just outside of Spruce Pine.
'1
12

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Environmental Regulations
Water Supply Watersheds
A search using NCDOT Statewide Planning GIS information reveals that there are three
• water supply watersheds in the PGIA, and all of these watersheds are located within the
French Broad River basin. There is one WS-I watershed (Graveyard/Crystal Falls Creek)
-a and two WS-II watersheds (Ivy River and Cane River). Refer to Figure III for the
watershed areas.
The North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR)
regulates development in water supply watersheds. Development is not permitted in WS-
I watersheds, and these watersheds are composed entirely of public lands. In WS-II
watersheds, residential development is primarily restricted to one dwelling unit per acre,
_, and non-residential development to 12% built-upon area. However, development is
further restricted to one dwelling unit per two acres or 6% built-upon in the critical area
of these watersheds. Higher density options are available in WS-II watersheds depending
on storm water controls (in both the balance of the watershed and critical areas) and the
10/70 provision (outside of the critical areas).
The 10/70 provision allows local governments to use 10% of the non-critical area of each
watershed within its jurisdiction for new development and expansions to existing
development up to a 70% built-upon area limit (without stormwater control). In order to
do this, the local government must use the low-density option throughout the remainder
of the watershed. Local governments often use this technique to trade undevelopable
public lands in order to concentrate growth at a higher density in other portions of the
watershed.
303(d) Waters
The 303(d) list is a product of the Clean Water Act, which requires states to identify
those waters that do not meet water quality standards or those that have impaired uses. If
control strategies for point and non-point source pollution exist for impaired waters, they
may be excluded from the 303(d) list. NCDOT Statewide Planning GIS shapefiles do not
reveal any 303(d) waters in the PGIA.
V. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES
This section is based on review of the 2001 State Environmental Assessment for TIP R-
2518 and R-2519A, Geographic Information System (GIS) data provided by the
Statewide Planning Office of the NCDOT and a database search of the entire TIP R-
2518/R-2519 project area. Potentially, 54 types of state or federally-protected species
_7 , could be located within the PGIA. The Appalachian Elktoe mollusk, an endangered
species, has been found in the Cane River; however, NCDOT environmental documents
have not been prepared at the time of this study. There are potentially 17 types of
.t natural, terrestrial or biotic communities in the PGIA. NCDOT Statewide Planning data
reveals that five National Register (historic) structures are located within the PGIA. In
13

- TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
addition, there are approximately 12 solid waste facilities and 26 underground storage
facilities in the general project area, and two superfund sites within the PGIA. Detailed
tables are located in the appendix at the end of this report.
As mentioned previously in this report, the NCDOT Statewide Planning GIS data reveals
"~ that there are no 303d waters in the PGIA. The SEA also indicates that there are no
-. designated Wild and Scenic Rivers, High Quality Waters (HQW) or Outstanding
Resource Waters (ORW) within one mile of the project; however, four jurisdictional
wetlands were identified within the project study area. The SEA does indicate that TIP
R-2518 and R-2519A are located in "trout" counties, and the authorization of a US Army
Corps of Engineers permit is contingent on concurrence of the US Wildlife Resource
Commission.
VI. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS
Previous Conclusions
The State Environmental Assessment (SEA), dated May 31, 2001, addresses potential
direct impacts and environmental considerations of TIP R-2518 and R-2519A. The
report addresses indirect and cumulative impacts associated with these TIP projects. It
indicates that the roadway improvements may encourage land development and sprawl
d depending on local land development regulations, demand for development and the
availability of water and sewer. Improvement in the level of service of the road, and
travel time savings may result in increased growth and development away from the
corridor. Any induced growth has the potential to degrade water quality, scenic views
and recreational amenities, and this potential is increased when development controls are
not in place.
The SEA also mentions that the regional population growth rates have been lower than
that of North Carolina. This, along with the distance from interstate highways, large
metropolitan areas, the lack of water and sewer services, and limited amounts of easily
developable lands, may hinder development in the region. However, development
pressures do exist along this corridor because of new industries, tourism and a number of
other proposed improvements in the area. Based on the report, tourist-oriented
businesses could develop along US 19E where water and sewer services are available or
proposed, and this could promote a type of "linear sprawl" or "rural sprawl." On the
other hand, it was suggested that substantial industrial development is unlikely because of
the steep topography.
Most of the residential development is expected to be fueled by people building second
homes or retirees, but local officials believe that a substantial number of residents
commute to other counties or Tennessee for employment, and the improved roadway may
make commuting more attractive and may bring new residents to the area.
14

. ~ _ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
The Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) report is being delayed due to the
discovery of Appalachian Elktoe Mussels in the Cane River. The Natural Resources
Technical Report (NRTR) is expected to be completed by March 2004.
Develoument Trends
Madison County
Officials in Madison County indicate that approximately 800 acres have been sold just
north of Mars Hill and west of US 19/23 to build one- to six-acre mini-farms. Also, a
large subdivision (approximately 1,000 acres/8001ots) called Seven Glens is under
construction in the southeast corner of Madison County, approximately two to three miles
south of the US 19/19E corridor. Growth is also anticipated surrounding the interchange
at US 19/23 and NC 213. However, the eventual development of US 19/23 into an
- interstate corridor is more of an impetus for growth. County officials expect the
commercial growth to be small-scale (i.e. small businesses, motels, small distribution
'; centers, etc.) because of proximity to Asheville, and the likelihood that major industry or
retail typically locate closer to Asheville rather than Mars Hill.
Yancey County
Similar to the SEA findings, local officials indicate that recent development trends lean
more toward upscale communities of second homes just off of US 19/19E, and small-
scale commercial uses along the roadway. Two residential developments have been
planned or built on the west side of Burnsville. The private Mountain Air Country Club
was built off of Phipps Creek Road just west of the Cane River. This approximate 300-
unit development has access to Burnsville sewer, but not water service. In addition, the
Northwest Regional Housing Authority plans to build 40 affordable units on the north
side of US 19E (across from Mt. Heritage High School).
Local officials were not aware of any additional development proposals in the area, and
officials indicate that the portion of US 19E east of Burnsville is the growth corridor.
Growth is not expected to occur rapidly, but this stretch of roadway should gradually
develop with the planned extension of water and sewer services to Micaville and Spruce
Pine.
Mitchell County
Officials in Mitchell County mentioned two tracts of land that may be developed into
residential communities. One, called Altapass, is located near the McDowell County
Line and the Blue Ridge Parkway. This land has been sold to developers who wish to
build a community similar to the Mountain Air Country Club. Additionally, the Penland
Bailey Corporation owns approximately 2,000-5,000 acres just north of Spruce Pine, and
officials expect the land to be subdivided into one half- to two-acre lots. Based on
interviews with local officials, both residential developments are long-term projects, and
are not expected to be built-out in the next 20-25 years.
.~
,_
15
~;~

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
- VII. POTENTIAL INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
Context for Potential Land Use Change
In Guidance for Assessing Indirect and Cumulative Impacts of Transportation Projects in
North Carolina, a set of factors was outlined for use in evaluating the potential for
indirect and cumulative impacts, and for determining if further, more detailed analysis is
necessary. The following is an assessment of these factors as they apply to TIP R-2518
and R-2519.
Conflict with local plan:
TIP R-2518 and TIP R-2519 do not appear to be in conflict with any of the local land use
and zoning plans, nor does it does it seem to be in conflict with the local thoroughfare
plans. In addition, local plans, if available, are somewhat outdated and may not reflect
recent transportation plans or development.
Explicit economic development purpose:
According to the NCDOT PDEA Engineer and the 2001 State Environmental
Assessment, TIP R-2518 and TIP R-2519 do not have an explicit economic development
purpose. However, local officials indicate that they hope the widening of US 19/19E will
encourage new industry and development to boost the local economy.
_ ~ Planned to serve specific development:
While any existing or future development along US 19/19E may benefit from increased
accessibility as a result of these TIP projects, no specific development is being
exclusively served by this improved roadway.
Likely to stimulate land development having complementary (to highway-related
travel) functions:
The assessment of this factor involves the evaluation of a subset of factors commonly
used to help determine the potential for induced growth. This subset includes:
• Distance to a major urban center
• Traffic volumes on intersecting roadways
• Presence of frontage roads
• Availability of water/sewer
The project is located in the extreme western portion of North Carolina. Asheville, with
a population of 66,889 in 2000, is the largest city in western North Carolina; its
Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 225,965 in 2000. The western terminus
of TIP R-2518 is approximately 25 miles from downtown Asheville, while the eastern
terminus is approximately 55 miles from Asheville.
The NCDOT Statewide Planning indicates that the 2002 traffic volume on US 19/23 just
south of the interchange with US 19/19E is 15,000 annual average daily traffic (AADT).
y - The volume decreases to 8,300 AADT just north of that interchange. Traffic volumes on
~¢ NC 80 (north of US 19E) range from approximately 720 AADT to 1300 AADT.
16
:i

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Volumes are higher on NC 226 in Mitchell County, with 17,000 AADT in the Spruce
Pine Corporate Limits and 13,000 just south of Spruce Pine. It appeazs from the site visit
and from the Statewide Planning data that traffic volumes on these intersecting roadways
aze relatively high for this region; however, the volumes are not particularly high in
relation to other major roadways in the state.
The site visit did not reveal any frontage roads and neither TIP R-2518 nor R-2519
include plans for frontage roads.
Water and sewer service is limited
within most of the PGIA and along
the project corridor. However, Mazs
Hill does provide water and sewer
service within its town limits and
extending out to the intersection of
NC 213 and US 19/23, just south of
y the TIP R-2518 terminus. Water
and sewer aze also available along
US 19E within the Town of
Burnsville (water extends
approximately three miles west of
Burnsville on US 19E), and in the
:~ Spruce Pine town limits. Local
officials plan to locate a new waste
treatment plant in Micaville,
between Burnsville and Spruce Pine,
in hopes that water and sewer
services would eventually be
-- extended from Burnsville to Spruce
Pine, and north along NC 80 from
Micaville to Bakersville.
Based on this assessment, TIP R-
2518and TIP R-2519 have some potential to stimulate complementazy land development.
It may create infill or small-scale commercial development opportunities along US
19/19E where water and sewer are present or will be in the near future. Residential
development, particularly second homes and retiree homes, may occur in areas where the
topography will allow. However, this type of development is less dependent on water
and sewer services, and it becomes difficult to determine where these residential
- developments would be constructed.
Likely to influence intraregional land development location decisions:
~, • Typically, if the conditions aze favorable for development and/or a region is currently
undergoing urbanization, an improvement in the transportation infrastructure is likely to
influence where development will occur. In this case, the project corridor and PGIA have
°3 - experienced less population and employment growth than North Carolina as a whole, and
more regionally, Asheville. On the other hand, the area is attractive because of its
17
US 19E East of Burnsville, North Carolina

- ~ _ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
proximity to Asheville, recreational opportunities and beautiful scenery. Thus, the
widening of US 19/19E may influence intraregional land development location decisions.
Notable feature present in Potential Growth Impact Area:
There are potentially 54 federally-protected species and 11 natural communities present
in the seven USGS quadrants (Barnardsville, Mars Hill, Spruce Pine, Micaville,
Burnsville, Bald Creek and Sams Gap) surrounding the project corridor. One of these
federally-protected species, the Appalachian Elktoe mussel, has been discovered in the
Cane River, and the NRTR is being prepared at the time of this study. In addition,
Statewide Planning data reveals that there are five National Register structures in the
PGIA. The NCDOT's Statewide
Planning data also indicates that there
are two hazardous material sites in the
PGIA. Four jurisdictional wetlands
are listed in the SEA, but there are no
303(d) streams, High Quality Waters,
Outstanding Resource Waters or Wild
and Scenic Rivers in the PGIA.
However, there are numerous trout
streams in within the PGIA as shown
in Figure III.
Potential for Induced Growth
The majority of the PGIA is
residential in nature, but small-scale
commercial uses are concentrated
along US 19/19E and at towns or
major intersections, such as those at
or near US 19/23, the Cane River
hamlet, Burnsville, NC 80 and Commercial Uses and Streams along US 19E
NC 226/Spruce Pine. While much of the land is unsuitable for development due to the
steep topography, it is possible that small-scale retail or industrial uses, or single-family
residential uses would locate along US 19/19E. This development would be further
constrained by natural factors such as stream crossings and wetlands.
The greatest potential for induced commercial and/or industrial growth is near the towns
of Burnsville and Spruce Pine, where water and sewer services already exist. Local
officials also expect these services to be extended from Burnsville, through the Micaville
community, to Spruce Pine, creating the opportunity for more growth along the corridor.
There is also potential for residential development on larger tracts of land one to two
-a ~ miles off the US 19/19E corridor. Most of the land in this part of the PGIA is steep, and
much of the land in Madison County is located within a water supply watershed.
`' However, low-density development is possible. The widening of US 19/19E could
-~ - accelerate residential development, but it is not likely to induce substantial growth in this
i area.
18

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Local officials indicate that the growth occurring in the area is primarily due to tourism,
which often means more second homes, recreational opportunities and cottage industries,
not large-scale retail or industrial development. However, these planners do indicate that
there are some available industrial sites, and the communities have a desire to grow the
manufacturing employment base.
VIII. ANALYSIS OF INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
The following set of indicators helps to evaluate the potential for land use change as a
result of highway improvements such as the widening of US 19/19E. These indicators
also assist in the determination of whether or not a more quantitative analysis is
'~ warranted. These factors include change in accessibility, change in property values,
forecasted growth, land supply vs. demand, water and sewer availability, market for
development and public policy.
Potential for Land Use Change, 2000-2020
Land.
u Change ~ Supply
in ~ vs: Water!
Change in ` Property ~ Forecasted .:.Land Sewer.. Market For Public y~;
Ratio Accessibili Values Growth Demand' Availat-ili Develo went Polic
> 50%
increase > 3% < 10- Less
> 10 min. in annual year Existing Development stringent; no
travel time property pop. supply service activity growth
Stron savin s values. rowth of land available abundant mana ement

" X X
X X
" X X X
„
No 0-1% > 20- No service More
< 2 min. property annual year available Development stringent;
travel time value pop. supply now or in activity growth
Weak savin s increase Growth of land future lackin mana ement
The change in accessibility and mobility as a result of TIP R-2518/R-2519 will be
minimal. There should be no noticeable shift in travel patterns, but travel time savings
may occur. This roadway is the primary route through Madison, Yancey and Mitchell
Counties, and the TIP projects may serve to relieve some of the congestion along the
roadway, particularly around Burnsville. With the current congestion levels, additional
travel lanes may reduce travel times by 5-10 minutes over a 30-mile trip.
The alleviation of congestion could make retail areas more attractive to shoppers. This,
in turn, could slightly increase property values, but only slightly since the market for
development is lacking. Local officials also indicate that land values are high in areas
where building is suitable based on topography.
19

©~ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
The demographic area grew by 16.2% between 1990 and 2000, an annual growth rate of
1.5%. During the same time period, Madison County, Yancey County and Mitchell
County grew by 15.8%, 15.3% and 8.6%, respectively. It is reasonable to assume that the
county growth rates would be relatively good indicators of how the demographic area and
PGIA may grow, and that the demographic area and PGIA may continue to grow at
similar or slightly lesser growth rates over the next 20-25 years based on North Carolina
Office of State Budget and Management projections.
Water and sewer services are available within the Burnsville and Spruce Pine town limits.
Water service also extends about three miles west of Burnsville along US 19E. There are
plans to extend both water and sewer services between Burnsville and Spruce Pine, but
the remainder of the PGIA remains largely without these services.
Local planners indicate that development momentum is occurring along the US 19/23
corridor in Madison County and eastward from Burnsville to Spruce Pine. Local officials
support the economic benefits of this widening project and land use policies are limited.
However, the relative isolation of these towns from large employment centers and the
lack of commercial or industrial development momentum suggest that any induced
growth would be minimal.
IX. EVALUATION OF ANALYSIS RESULTS
Consideration of Indirect Effects
--1 TIP R-2518 and R-2519 may induce some small-scale development on vacant tracts of
land, or re-development of vacant buildings and single-family residential uses along the
project corridor. The type of induced growth will vary depending on locations within the
-, PGIA.
Figure IV shows that portion of the PGIA for which changes are most likely to occur,
such as the land adjacent to US 19/19E near US 19/23, the land within or the service
limits of Burnsville, the land near the Spruce Pine town limits, and land along the section
of US 19E (between Burnsville and Spruce Pine) that is expected to eventually be
serviced by water and sewer. Since TIP R-2518 and TIP R-2519 are only widening
projects, no new access will be provided, and impacts should be limited to an area within
about one mile of the project corridor. While some of the land along the corridor is
unsuitable for development due to steep topography, streams, wetlands or other natural
features, it is possible for development to occur on smaller tracts of land, particularly
residential uses. Additionally, the improved roadway will be divided by a median, which
may somewhat limit access in certain areas.
Commercial and Industrial Uses: New commercial uses will primarily be clustered
°° near the US 19/23 and US 19/19E interchange, within several miles of Burnsville and
-1 - near Spruce Pine and the intersection of US 19E and NC 226. These are the most likely
locations for new commercial development because of proximity to other commercial
20

R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey & MitcheACounties
- Indirect and Cumulative En'ects (ICE) Assessment
February 25, 2004
FIGURE II. DEMOGRAPHIC AREA
... TIP R-2518/R-2519
- MAJOR ROADS
MINOR ROADS
IT RAILROAD
RIVERS & STREAMS
-~ ~~' WATER BODIES
rir~
MUNICIPAL BOUNDARY
COUNTY BOUNDARY
MOUNT MITCHELL STATE PARK
2.5 1.25 0 2.5 5 Miles
N
MAP SOURCES:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ESRI)
US CENSUS BUREAU

_ R-151&/R-2519, Madison, Yancey & Mitchell Counties
Indirect and Cumulative Effects (ICE) Assessment
February 15,1004
< 5
~. I ` ~~
~ ~ t-: ,~
~-n.~.~;; J ~
TENNESSEE ~ ~ ~" `
' I ~ ~ ~ ~
~~"~'',` ~ . ~~ ~YANCEY COUNT,Y~I
. ~" ~ ~ / I-. /r ~,* ` { NC 197
~t S%, t
~ 1
r~ ~,'~ ~
~, _..MADISON ~ ~ `r
CiOUNTY ~` ' ,1,_ ~ ~ 1sw ~ _
1 Bu nsville
_; , i ~.
° 19 ~ ~
~ ,
~~
~_
23 ~ ~~ .~ 1 -~ , L,, ~
..,, -a ~,`' ~~ ~ ,~
`~ ~i ~~ ) ~~ ~"~ ~
f
Mars Hill- 1 ~ , ` ~~ ~ r ~, ~~ ~~ \
~, t.,t
~~, ..~.-~ ~ '~ ~ r ,r`'~~-~ I
,~ , ~ s
(~ Cane River /;
Watershed
~ ~~~ ~ ~' ~ = Ivy R-verr"~ ~ ~ - ' ~ \
NC 213 _~'`~~` `~ ~ ~ ' ~' ~~i ~ Watershedq ~ ,
r
.1 ; ~;
~. ~~
f ~ ,.
r f I ~ ~ t ~t, i ~ ~ ` '~~
~~
~ ~ '. 1
r ..
.~ , . , f~;l ~ ~ . -~ ~ ~
} ~., ._ ~ 1
' `` \ ~, ~ ~ S°: ' ~ '~ Bernardsville Hwy
1912 ~~~. v ,~ ~' ~; ~ ~ 7
t
i ~ ~~ ...%~' ~ 1
~ i~c ? ti~
~ ~?~ ~- Mt Mitchell
~ _ `", S'~ ^ a .:State Park ~"
~~,. ~ ~~?, " .BUNCOMBE COUNTY-~ ,J ,,
. ~
,~
.mot;. ~ ~ ~, ~, .~..,, , ~
-- I RId e ~
~' it ~, \r `~~~ ~~ `~,_. . ~ ~ y
i'
7` _
Bakersville
_ ~ t !` .. MITCHELL
l ~ COUNTY
~ NC 80~ ~ I'° i`"r~
~ ,~' ~.
~ ~} ~-~~
~, ~ ~ ~` ~ ~- `t~
,~I ~ ~~
r
i ~ ~f /
~ ~, Spruce Pir
I~ ~ ~~~.'~ ( ~ ~ .~„
/ ~t
19E , .~ '~ , 'F' ~ ~ '
~ ~"';
~~ .~ .,
. ~~
NC
/ „
~~ /°
Watershed
~ : , ~ ~.
NC 226
>.
~~~_ r~
~I
~,.;~
r,.
.r r ,
MCDOWELL'COUNTY~ ~'
r ~' r.
~. ~~ ~ .~

FIGURE III. NATURAL RESOURCES
~ TIP R•2518lR-2519
MAJOR ROADS
--- MINOR ROADS
.HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE DISPOSAL
~~, MOUNT MITCHELL STATE PARK
+-i RAILROAD
-RIVERS & STREAMS
WATER BODIES
POTENTIAL GROWTH IMPACT AREA (PGIA)
MUNICIPALITIES
~COUNTYBOUNDARY
. WS-I
W5-II
- WS-IV
DWQ CLASS
-BTrORW
~CTr
-CTrORW
WS-II Tr
WS-II Tr CA
WRC CLASS
Undesignated Water
2.5 1.25 0 2,5 5 Miles
MAP SOURCES: N
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTRUTE (ESRI)
HNTB
MADISON COUNTY
MITCHELL COUNTY
. YANCEY COUNTY

. ~ _ R-2518/R-1519, Madison, Yancey ~ Mitchell Counties
Indirect and Cumulative E,f~ects (ICE) Assessment
Fehruary 15,1D04
_~ ~~ l
~~ ~ ~. ` ~ ~ { ~ , Bakersville ~ ~``C~.
TENNESSEE ~`~`~ ~ ~ ~ ~ --~ ~°- ,~ ~ ~'~~~
~:~~ ~ ~ ~r ~ r ~ ~~ ;. ~t
r ~ ' ~ ~,, r" ~i
~,, ,~_. ;i~ .~, ~ ~~ ~ -~ MITCHELL
~~ ~
,~ ti ,, ~ ~s h ~~' ~ ~~ COUNTY
.,
..
` /
~~ w, ~~ ~, ~ '~ ~. - ~ ~.„ ,,,,
,~ ~. ,., ; NC 197 -;~~,~ ~ NC 80~'
EIS '"'~` ~ ` °YANCEY COUNTY ` ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~`~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~
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~~ NC 213 ~ ~ ~ ~ -~, ., ~" `~ ~~
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'~'~, r,.~ ~ i'~ ~ ~ ~, Mt Mitchell ~ '~~ ^'
ti ~~ ;~ , _'• ' -~~ ~~ ~.,.. State Park ~ y , R .~.. ~,~-`- ~ ~ ,
1 ~, - ~ ''~%°~,,BUNCOMBE:000NT,Y~~ ,, ~ ~ E ~; y~` ~~ ,~1' ~~ ~:',!~_,
1- ~ _~ ~ ~~~ 1 gyn. ~ ~' ~~ ,~fi
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~~11 ~ 1 f ~ r~ J
%`~' ,Jy x A'~ J 11 ~ r' ter' n. ~'~ ,/~, t~ t f ~eJ --- ~ Y
1 1 n Ili 4 ~ ~..~ u, i y. '--~-`J '.'.~ `..il ~ ~ ~ ~ rr;.J J 1 / ~ l;
FIGURE IV. IMPACT AREAS
~~ TIP R-25181R-2519
- MAJOR ROADS
---- MINOR ROADS
~- RAILROAD
RIVERS & STREAMS
'~ WATER BODIES
POTENTIAL GROWTH IMPACT AREA (PGIA)
MUNICIPALITIES
a COUNTY BOUNDARY
®MEDIUM POTENTIAL FOR IMPACT
- HIGH POTENTIAL FOR IMPACT
MOUNT MITCHELL STATE PARK
2.5 1.25 0 2.5 5 Miles
MAP SOURCES: N
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT Of TRANSPORTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS REBEARCH INSTITUTE (ESRI)
HNTB
MADISON COUNTY
MITCHELL COUNTY
. YANCEY COUNTY

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Identification of the Potential Growth Impact Area
The North Carolina Department of Transportation's and North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources' (DENR) Guidance for Assessing Indirect and
Cumulative Impacts of Transportation Projects in North Carolina indicates that the
development effects of a new roadway facility are most often found up to one mile
around an interchange, and up to two to five miles along major feeder roadways to the
interchange. Based on this guidance, an initial review of project area conditions and the
understanding that this is a widening and not a new road facility, it was determined that
the potential for growth impact as a result of this project would be primarily within atwo-
mile radius of the project. This two-mile radius, referred to as the Potential Growth
Impact Area (PGIA), determines the data collection and analysis area, but is not
necessarily the extent to which growth impacts are expected to occur (see Figure III).
The Guidance indicates it's rational to study land use changes over a period of about 20-
25 years, since this is the time horizon used in most Metropolitan Planning Organization
(MPO) and local transportation plans.
IV. STUDY AREA DIRECTION AND GOALS
Regional Location Influences and Implications
The rural counties in western North Carolina appear to have been experiencing slower
population growth than the State of North Carolina as a whole. This part of North
Carolina has experienced a loss in manufacturing jobs, but is an increasingly important
tourist destination in the region. The western terminus of TIP R-2518 is approximately
25 miles from downtown Asheville, the largest city in western North Carolina. Asheville
had a population of 66,889 in 2000, and its Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population
of 225,965 in 2000. Yancey County is home to Mount Mitchell, the highest peak east of
the Mississippi River. Mitchell County is home to the Penland School of Crafts, a
national center for craft education, and is also home to several prominent artists. In
addition, the Blue Ridge Parkway traverses the extreme southern portion of Yancey and
Mitchell Counties, and draws visitors from all over the country.
US 19/19E is arguably the most vital route through Yancey and Mitchell Counties, and
upon widening, will be the only four-lane road in these counties. Other key roads in the
project vicinity include US 19/23, which will eventually become an extension of I-26, US
19W, which connects US 19 to Tennessee, and both NC 80 and NC 226, which connect
land northwest of US 19E to the Town of Marion (and I-40), south of US 19E. Based on
the site visit and discussions with local officials, most of the traffic in the region appears
to be traveling east-west along US 19/19E, with most of the congestion around the Town
of Burnsville.
4

TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
uses and relatively larger population centers, as well as higher traffic volumes and
availability of services. These areas are designated as having a "high potential for
impact" on Figure IV. The areas around the Cane River (Bald Creek), and the area
between Burnsville and Spruce Pine, where water and sewer services may be extended,
have been designated as having a "medium potential for impact."
Because the roadway will be median-divided, it makes sense that commercial and
industrial uses would be located at these major intersections, as these are the most likely
places for median breaks.
Although there have been some industrial closings in recent years, local officials hope
that the improved accessibility provided by a widened roadway will encourage future
industry to locate in the area. It does not seem probable that large-scale industry would
locate along US 19 as a result of TIP R-2518 and R-2519, but the project may encourage
the location of small, tourist-related industries. If industry does locate to the area, it is
likely that some of the existing vacant buildings and sites would be filled before new
buildings or sites are developed.
Residential Uses: It is difficult to pinpoint where residential development may occur,
although it is more likely to take place within one to two miles of the US 19/19E corridor,
as this is the main east-west roadway through Madison County, Yancey County and
Mitchell County. In addition, local services are concentrated along the corridor. The
majority of the PGIA is categorized as having a "low potential for impact," since
development may occur, but not necessarily because of the widening of US 19/19E.
Consideration of Cumulative Effects
The cumulative impact of TIP R-2518 and R-2519 increases somewhat when considered
along with other proposed TIP projects such as A-10, R-2520 and R-2598. The
combination of these transportation improvements will improve regional accessibility
throughout this part of western North Carolina.
Although some of the factors used to evaluate indirect and cumulative impacts indicate
that there is potential for land use change along US 19/19E, and further analysis may be
warranted to estimate impacts to notable features, it is unlikely that these TIP projects
will cause substantial indirect impacts to water quality. Slow population and
employment growth and the steep natural terrain should minimize any deterioration in
water quality that could occur due to these TIP projects.
21

_ TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
X. APPENDIX
Ctate and Federally-Protected Species
r
Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status State Status USGS uad Ma
Plant:
Daisy-leaf Botrychium Significantly Rare
Moonwort matricarii olium N/A -Peri heral Bald Creek
Significantly Rare
Marsh-maxi old Caltha alustris N/A -Peri heral Bald Creek
Significantly Rare
Wretched Sed a Carex misera N/A -Limited Bald Creek
*TRoan Mountain
Bluet Houstonia montana Endan ered Endan ered Bald Creek
Largeleaf Hydrophyllum Significantly Rare Bald Creek,
Waterleaf macro h Ilum N/A -Peri heral Sams Ga
Large Purple- Platanthera Significantly Rare
frin ed Orchid andi ora N/A -Peri heral Bald Creek
Schweinitz's Senecio
Ra wort schweinitzianus N/A Endan ered Bald Creek
Roan Prenanthes Significantly Rare
Rattlesnakeroot roanensis N/A -Limited Bald Creek
Significantly Rare
Moss Pink Phlox subulata N/A -Peri heral Bald Creek
Yellow Ladies'- Spiranthes Significantly Rare Bald Creek,
tresses ochroleuca N/A -Peri heral Micaville
American Significantly Rare Bald Creek,
S eedwell Veronica Americana N/A -Peri heral Barnardsville
Trailing
Wolfsbane Aconitum reclinatum N/A Si ificantl Rare Barnardsville
Significantly Rare
Biltmore Sed a Carex biltmoreana N/A -Limited Barnardsville
Significantly Rare
Hitchcock's Sed a Carex hitchcockiana N/A -Peri heral Barnardsville
Significantly Rare
A Wood Sed e Carex le tonervia N/A -Peri heral Barnardsville
Broadleaf Significantly Rare
Coreo sis Coreo sis lati olia N/A - Throu out Barnardsville
Significantly Rare
Bleedin Heart Dicentra eximia N/A -Peri heral Barnardsville
Eastern Shooting Significantly Rare
Star Dodecatheon meadia N/A -Peri heral Barnardsville
Hydrastis Endangered -
Goldenseal Canadensis N/A S ecial Concern Barnardsville
Divided-leaf Species of
Ra wort Packera mille olium Concern Threatened Barnardsville
Pinnate-lobed Rudbeckia triloba Species of Significantly Rare Barnardsville,
Black-e ed Susan var innatiloba Concern - Throu out Mars Hill
Burnsville,
* Vir inia S iraea S iraea vir iniana Threatened Endan ered Micaville
Significantly Rare
Climbin Fumito Adlumia un osa N/A -Peri heral Mars Hill
Significantly Rare
American Barbe Berberis Canadensis N/A - Throu out Mars Hill
Mountain Catchfl Silene ovata S ecies of Si ificantl Rare Micaville,
22

- TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004

Concern - Throu out Sams Ga

Glade S ur a
Eu horbia ur urea Species of
Concern Significantly Rare
- Throu out
Sams Ga

Meehania
Meehania cordata
N/A Significantly Raze
-Peri heral
Sams Ga

Mazsh Bellflower Campanula
a arinoides
N/A Significantly Rare
-Peri heral
S nice Pine

Cree in Sunrose Helianthemum
ro in uum
N/A Significantly Rare
-Peri heral
S nice Pine

Cranbe Vaccinium
macrocar on
N/A Significantly Raze
-Peri heral
S nice Pine
*S readin Avens Geum radiatum Endan ered N/A Yance Co.

Bird:
Appalachian
Yellow-bellied
Sa sucker
Sphyrapicus varius
a alachiensis
Species of
Concern

S ecial Concern

Baznazdsville

*Pere rive Falcon Falco peregrinus
anatum
Endan ered
N/A Yancey &
Madison Cos.

Mollusk:

*TAppalachian
Elktoe

Alasmidonta
raveneliana

ndan ered

ndan ered Bald Creek,
Burnsville,
Micaville, Spruce
Pine

Re tile:

o Turtle

lyptemya
muhlenber ii

hreatened

hreatened Barnazdsville,
Mars Hill, Spruce
Pine, Micaville,
Burnsville, Bald
Creek, Sams Ga
Timber
Rattlesnake
Crotalus horridus
N/A
S ecial Concern
S nice Pine

*Bo Turtle Clemmys
muhlenber ii
Threatened
N/A
Yance Co.

Am hibian:

Hellbender Cryptobranchus
alle aniensis Species of
Concern
S ecial Concern Micaville, Spruce
Pine

Insect•
Smyth's Green
Comma Polygonia faunus
sm thi
N/A
Si ificantl Rare
Barnazdsville

Hicko Hairstreak Satyrium
ca aevorum
N/A
Si nificantl Raze
Barnazdsville
*Spruce-fir Moss
S ider Michrohexura
montiva a
Endan ered
N/A
Yance Co.

Fish:

Stri ed Shiner Luxilus
ch soce halus
N/A
Threatened
Burnsville

Blotched Chub
Erim staz insi nis Species of
Concern
Si ificantl Raze
Mars Hill
23

- ~ - TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004

Stonecat Noturus avus N/A Endan ered Mars Hill
Species of Micaville, Spruce
Olive Darter Percina s uamata Concern S ecial Concern Pine
Blotchside Darter Percina burtoni N/A Endan ered Micaville
Etheostoma
Sh head Darter acutice s N/A Threatened S ruce Pine
Yancey &
*S otfm Chub H bo sis monacha Threatened N/A Madison Cos.

Mammal•
New England Sylvilagus Species of
Cottontail transitionalis Concern Si ificantl Rare Bald Creek
Corynorhinus
*Virginia Big- townsendii
eared Bat virinianus Endan ered N/A Yance Co.
Fells concolor
*Eastern Cou ar cou uar Endan ered N/A Yance Co.
*Carolina
Northern Flying Glaucomys sabrinas
S uirrel coloratus Endan ered N/A Yance Co.

Lichen
Alpine
Camouflage Significantly Rare
Lichen Melanelia s is N/A - D Bald Creek
*Rock Gnome
Lichen G mnoderma lineare Endan ered N/A Yance Co.
* Listed only in the 2UU1 SEA
*T Listed in NC National Heritage Program and 2001 SEA.
Source: North Carolina National Heritage Program, Bald Creek, Barnazdsville, Burnsville, Mars Hill, Micaville, Sams
Gap, and Spruce Pine USGS topographic quadrangles (January 2004), http://ils.unc.edu/pazkproject/nhn
Natural C'nmmunities
Name USGS: uad Ma
Grass Bald Bald Creek
Hi h Elevation Red Oak Forest Bald Creek, Baznazdsville
Chestnut Oak Forest Barnazdsville
Hi h Elevation Granitic Dome Baznazdsville
Low Elevation Rock Summit Barnazdsville
Montane Red Cedar -Hardwood Woodland Barnazdsville
Rich Cove Forest Barnazdsville, Sams Ga
Swam Forest - Bo Com lex T is Sub a Bamazdsville
Northern Hazdwood Forest T is Sub a Burnsville
Montane Mafic Cliff Mars Hill
Southern A alachian Bo orthern Sub e S nice Pine
*Maintained Disturbed N/A
*Mixed Pine-hardwood N/A
*Ri azian N/A
*Mixed Hardwood Forest N/A
*Perennial Surface Waters N/A
*Emer ent Wetland N/A
* Listed only in the 2001 SEA (as "Terrestrial or 13iohc Communities)
Source: North Carolina National Heritage Program, Bald Creek, Barnardsville, Burnsville, Mars Hill, Micaville, Sams
_ Gap, and Spruce Pine USGS topographic quadrangles (January 2004), http://ils.unc.edu/pazkproject/nhp
24

~w
TIP R-2518/R-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
Architectural Features and Historic Sites
PntPntial f rnwth impact Area
Name Address ` Status
California Creek
Missionary Baptist
Church US 23, Mars Hill, Madison Co. National Re ister (NR
Former Citizens Bank
Buildin Town S uare, Burnsville, Yance Co. National Re ister R
John Wesley McElroy 11 Academy Street, Burnsville,
House Yance Co. National Re ister
Nu-Wra Inn Off of US 19E, Burnsville, Yance Co. National Re ister (NR
Yancey County West Main Street at Town Square,
Courthouse Burnsville, Yance Co. National Re ister R
*Porter and Ollie Briggs Southeast side of US 19 across from
Ra House the intersection of US 19 and SR 1520 Eli ible for listin on NR
Southeast side of US 19 at the
*Otto Buckner House intersection of old US 19 and SR 1510 Eli ible for listin on NR
North side of US 19E at the
*Sam B d House intersection of US 19E and SR 1394 Eli ible for listin on NR
*Bald Creek School and South side of US 19E in the
G asium communi of Bald Creek Eli ible for listin on NR
*Captain E.E. Neill
House North side of US 19E Eli ible for listin on NR
North side of US 19E between the Bald
* Wilkes Hensle House Creek communi and the Cane River Eli ible for listin on NR
South side of US 19E near the
intersection of SR 1196, west of
*Horton Hill Cemete Burnsville Eli ible for listin on NR
* Listed only in 2001 SEA
Source: North Carolina Department of Transportation -Statewide Planning Division GIS data (June 2003)
~nlid Waste Facilities
Permit Name. T e Location Contact
Tom Tipton
Rm. 13 County Courthouse
Yancey-Mitchell Hwy. 80 N./Arbuckle Rd. Burnsville, NC 28714
10002 C&D Landfill CDLF Burnsville, NC 828) 678-9180
Tom Tipton
Rm. 13 County Courthouse
Yancey-Mitchell Hwy. 80 N./Arbuckle Rd. Burnsville, NC 28714
10003-T Transfer Station Transfer Burnsville, NC 828 678-9180
Approximately 0.3 mile
east of SR 1137 on north
*N/A Ti ton Automotive N/A side of US 19 N/A
Southwest corner of the
Westside Market intersection of US 19E
*N/A Place and Nurse N/A and SR 1196 N/A
Young and Northwest corner of the
McQueen Grading intersection of US 19E
*N/A Co., Inc. N/A and SR 1196 N/A
Northeast corner of the
intersection of US 19E
*N/A Dean's Bod Sho N/A and SR 1375 N/A
*N/A Avondale Mills N/A North side of Main Street N/A
25

_ TIP R-2518/8-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
South side of US 19E
approximately 1,200 feet
*N/A S les Automotive N/A east of Hillside Drive N/A
South side of US 19E
Ken's Muffler and approximately 500 feet
*N/A Brakes N/A east of NC 197 South N/A
Southeast corner of US
Sam's Oil 19E and Claten Wheeler
*N/A Com an N/A Road N/A
North side of US 19E
Burnsville approximately 1,400 feet
*N/A E ui rnent N/A east of SR 1141 N/A
Southwest corner of the
intersection of US 19E
*N/A Gou e Truckin N/A and SR 1141 N/A
* Listed only in 2001 SEA
Source: North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Madison, Mitchell, & Yancey Counties
(January 2004), htto://wastenot.enr.state.nc.us/dbases.htm
Underground Storage Tank (UST) Locations
Madison. Mitchell, & Yancev Counties
~.
UST Name Location
Approximately 0.4 mile east of US 23 on north side of
Former Gas Station/Gara e US 19
Approximately 0.5 mile east of US 23 on south side of
Leadford's Auto Parts Cit o US 19
Northwest quadrant of the US 19 and SR 1525
P&E Farm Su 1 intersection
Northwest quadrant of the US 19 and SR 1520
Former Gulf Gas Station intersection
Tri Coun Re airs Just north of SR 1519 on the east side of US 19
Approximately 0.1 mile south of SR 1511 on the west
D&N Ente rises side of US 19
Approximately 0.1 mile south of SR 1511 on the west
Flea Market site of former as station) side of US 19
Southwest quadrant of the US 19 and SR 1507
Ra mond Chandler Groce P intersection
Approximately 0.2 mile east of SR 1134 on the south
The Store side of US 19
Price's Creek Store (Amoco) Just east of SR 1136 on the north side of US 19
Approximately 100 feet west of SR 1115 on the south
Riddle's Riverside Groce BP side of US 19
Mountain Heritage High School (UST for Approximately 1,600 feet south of the centerline of US
heatin oil 19E
Approximately 180 feet to the east of SR 1375 on the
Ta for Motors north side of US 19E
Approximately 200 feet east of SR 1375 on the north
And 's side of US 19E
Approximately 800 feet to the east of SR 1196 on the
Burnsville Amoco south side of US 19E
Approximately 1,000 feet east of SR 1139 on the north
M&H Chevrolet Buick side of US 19E
Riddle Fuel Oil Com an A roximatel 1,600 feet to the west of NC 197
Texaco At the southwestern uadrant of the intersection of US
26

( _ TIP R-2518/B-2519, Madison, Yancey and Mitchell Counties
r~ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects Report
February 25, 2004
19E and NC 197
Burnsville Gas, Inc. At the southwest uadrant of US 19E and SR 1140
Shell Gasoline Station/Racewa Food Mart At the intersection of Main Street and US 19E
East Yance Chevron At the intersection of US 19E and SR 1329

S les Groce Approximately 1,000 feet west of SR 1141 on the
south side of US 19E
Hercules At the intersection of US 19E and SR 1142
Former BP Gasoline Station At the intersection of US 19E and SR 1143

Herita a Tire Approximately 200 feet east of SR 1144 on the south
side of US 19E
B&R Groce At the intersection of US 19E and SR 1146
source: luu t ~t/a
Superfund Sites
Potential (:rnwth Tmnact Arpa
Name Location
Glen Raven Mills Intersection of US 19E and NC 197
Hone ell Micro Switch Division Mars Hill
source: Nortn c;aronna lieparunent of '1 ransportanon -Statewide Y-anning Division (i1S data (June 2003)
a

27