20200445 Ver 2_BR-0035Catawba_20230124

Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed, NC OneMap, NCCenter for Geographic Information and Analysis, NC 911 Board
BR-0035
0 0.250.125 Miles
Bridge 24 on NC 22 over Nicks Creek
¢Moore County
Prepared by NCDOT Environmental Analysis Unit
FIGURE 1Moore
Vicinity Map
Project Tracking No.:
2020 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY TEAM NO ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED FORM
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17-12-0008

NO ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED FORM
This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not
valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.

PROJECT INFORMATION

Project No: Br-0035 County: Moore
WBS No: 67035.1.1 Document: M C C
F.A. No: 0022015 Funding: State Federal
Federal Permit Required? Yes No Permit Type: usace
Project Description: 2nd REVISION FOR SWITCH TO FHWA FUNDING SOURCE 8/26/2021. NOTE
THIS FORM REVISED AS OF 3/7/2019 FOR APE INCREASE. NCDOT proposes to replace Bridge No.
24 on NC 22 over Nicks Creek north of Southern Pines in Moore County. No alternative designs were
available for use prepared for use during the archaeological review. However, considering the length and
complexity of detour options, realignment or temporary detours are possible. For purposes of this review,
the Area of Potential Effects (APE) is the length of the entire provided study area, about 1500 feet, with a
width of 200 feet, all centered around the existing small Bridge No. 24 to be replaced. This APE allows
for and considers multiple possible alignments and detour configurations and would include any needed
new ROW, fill and cut lines, or construction easements. The funding source switched from state to federal
in 2021 and USACE permitting is required, therefore Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act.
SUMMARY OF CULTURAL RESOURCES REVIEW
Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
The bridge to be replaced is located along NC 24 in a rural setting between Carthage to the north and
Southern Pines to the south. Some residences a present in the nearby vicinity and newer neighborhoods
have been recently constructed.
USGS mapping (Carthage) and aerial photography was studied (see Figures 1 and 2). Google and Bing
street view tools were used and confirm the conditions immediately around the exiting bridge, generally
wooded within the APE, and the terrain which has hilly approaches on NC 22 with a floodplain at the
bridge. To the west of NC 22 is a dam and large pond, historically referenced as Chandler Pond though it
may now be a municipal water source.
Soils were examined using Web Soil Survey. Two main soils are encountered, the often flooded Bibb loam
(Bb, 0-2 percent slope, frequently flooded) and the steep Tarrus and Nanford soils (TnE, 15-25 percent
slope). Neither is often associated with the presence of most types of archaeological sites in the county due
to the unsuitable characteristics for habitation.
According to USGS mapping and GIS resources (data layer created by NCDOT archaeologist Paul J.
Mohler), no cemetery is present at the APE or nearby.
A greenway exists in the nearby vicinity and suggests possible other park use facilities are in the greater
project area.
Historic maps were examined to determine if any late historic structures, roads or other notations were
present to help establish the a context of the recent past, especially farms, industry, land and transportation
features which might offer hints to the presence of archaeological sites. The 1919 Soils Map of Moore
County (MC.068.1919j) depicts the equivalent roadway at that time on a different alignment especially
heading north from the crossing of Nicks Creek. A short distance to the west is "Chandlers Pond," where
the current lake exists. It is possible that earlier dams or mills were present in the nearby vicinity, or may
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2020 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY TEAM NO ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED FORM
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17-12-0008
have been incorporated into the current ponded area. "Power Plant" is noted nearby, though both features
appear outside of the APE.
By the mid-1930s, the road may have been realigned according to the 1928 Moore County highway map
(MC.068-1938n) and the Chandler Pond is still marked. Little changed in later USGS mapping with the
exception of Chandler Pond which disappears for several years. GoogleEarth shows historic aerials with
only Nicks Creek present, no pond, from 1993 until possibly sometime after 2000, certainly with a dammed
pond in more recent years. A period of land clearing and grading occurs on the aerial photography around
2005, mostly likely a reconstruction of that pond.
Utilities are present at the project location, very close to or within the APE. Water and sewage are both
apparently present along NC 22 and their installation would have cause soil disturbances that often destroy
the archaeological integrity within their construction footprint. A pump, lift or other utility station is
adjacent to the project on the northwest quadrant. These factors reduce the probability for intact, significant
archaeological features within the APE.
The Office of State Archaeology was visited to review archaeological mapping and to reference any known
archaeological surveys and sites. This helps establish an archaeological context for comparison. One or
more environmental reviews are nearby, notably mining and gravel pits to the north. Immediately adjacent
to the current project is ER 04-1972, which covered dam repair and was cleared for archaeological work
without a survey around the same time grading and refilling pond appears in aerial photography. Since the
OSA did not recommend a survey for that larger dam APE, it is reasonable to believe that they would not
call for one on this adjacent, much smaller bridge replacement.
Brief Explanation of why the available information provides a reliable basis for reasonably predicting
that there are no unidentified historic properties in the APE:
The bridge replacement may be replaced in place or realigned and may have a long offsite or onsite detour.
The APE allows for several possible design options. There are no recorded archaeological sites with the
APE. Soil disturbances along the APE include one or more earlier road realignments, flooding and
installation of two major utilities. Soils present at the project are less favorable for most archaeological site
types than other better drained and level soils.
Examination of historic maps and also aerials from the past twenty five years show the presence of a dam
upstream 300-400 feet at least during two separate time periods. A circa 2004 or 2005 Environmental
Review for work on the latest dam did not result in recommendations for archaeological survey from the
Office of State Archaeology.
The context doesn't indicate a high probabilty for archaeological sites within the APE downstream of the
dam in unfavorable soils which have been modified by construction and utilities. It is unlikely that
significant, intact archaeological remains would be present and impacted by the bridge replacement project.
For archaeological review, this federal undertaking should be considered compliant with Section 106.
This project falls within a North Carolina County in which the following federally recognized tribe have
expressed an interest: the Catawba Indian Nation. We recommend that you ensure that this documentation
is forwarded to these tribes using the process described in the current NCDOT Tribal Protocol and PA
Procedures Manual.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: Map(s) Previous Survey Info Photos Correspondence
Photocopy of County Survey Notes Other:
FINDING BY NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST
NO ARCHAEOLOGY SURVEY REQUIRED
7/31/2018 revised 3/7/2019 revised 8/26/2021
NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST Date
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Figure 1. Vicinity of BR-0035, PA 17-12-0008, the proposed replacement of Br. No. 24 on NC 22 over Nicks Creek south of
Carthage in Moore County, shown on USGS mapping (Carthage and Southern Pines).
Carthage
Southern Pines
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Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX,
Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community, Copyright:© 2013 National
Geographic Society, i-cubed, Esri, HERE, Garmin, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS user
community, Content may not reflect National Geographic's current map policy. Sources: National Geographic,
Esri, DeLorme, HERE, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, increment P Corp.
´
0 2,500 5,0001,250 Feet
Project Tracking No.:
2020 PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY TEAM NO ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED FORM
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Figure 2. Aerial map of BR-0035, PA 17-12-0008, the proposed replacement of Br. No. 24 on NC 22 over Nicks Creek. The
approximate APE is shown in yellow (note revision) and contour lines at 2-ft are overlaid on the aerial to illustrate the terrain.
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Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX,
Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community
´0250500125 Feet