20150362 Ver 1_I-3802 ICE Report (2008)_20150220

COMMUNITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND
QUALITATIVE INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802) and
Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina
July 1, 2008
Prepared for
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Prepared by
Mulkey Engineers & Consultants

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................................v
II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................ 1
III. METHODOLOGY .............................................................................. 6
IV. STUDY AREA DESCRIPTIONS ........................................................ 6
V. COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS .................................................. 9
A. Communiry Characteristics Overview ............................................................. 9
B. Population Characteristics ........................................................................... 9
1. Race/Ethnicity ..................................................................................... 1 O
2. Age ................................................................................................... 7 2
3. Income and Poverty� Status ........................................................................ 7 2
4. Educational Attainment ........................................................................... 1 3
C. Housing Characteristics ........................................................................... 1 4
D. Business and Employment Characteristics ...................................................... 7 5
E. Community Resources — Facilities ............................................................... 7 9
1. S chools and Daycare Centers ..................................................................... 1 9
2. Churches and Cemeteries ......................................................................... 1 9
3. Parks, Recreation Facilities, and Community Centers .......................................... 7 9
4. Elderly Housing and Care ......................................................................... 2 0
5. Historic Sites ........................................................................................ 2 0
6. Hospitals and Medical Facilities .................................................................. 2 O
7. Emergency Medical and Fire Station Facilities .................................................. 2 O
8. Post Offices and Government Facilities ......................................................... 27
F. Community Resources — Infrastructure ......................................................... 2 7
1. Pedestrian Facilities ................................................................................ 2 7
2. Bike Routes ......................................................................................... 2 7
3. Transit S ervices ..................................................................................... 2 7
4. Vehicular Routes ................................................................................... 2 8
5. Rail Facilities ........................................................................................ 2 8
6. Water and Wastewater Utilities ................................................................... Z 8
G. Communit5� Resources — Natural ................................................................. 2 9
H. Crime, Safety, and Emergency Services .......................................................... 3 0
i
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

1. Bike and Pedestrian Crime and Safety Issues ................................................... 3 O
2. Police ................................................................................................ 3 O
3. Fire and Emergency Management ................................................................ 3 1
I. Plans and Regulations ............................................................................. 3 1
J. Other Proposed or Recently Completed Projects in the Area ................................ 3 2
V I. C O M M U N I TY I M P A C T A N A LY S I 5 .................................................. 3 3
A. Community Impact Assessment Overview ..................................................... 3 3
B. Physical, Social and Psychological Aspects ...................................................... 3 3
1. Community Stability and Neighborhood Cohesion ............................................ 3 3
2. Visual and Aesthetic Impacts ..................................................................... 3 3
3. Air Quality .......................................................................................... 3 4
4. N oise and Vibration ............................................................................... 3 4
5. Displacements/Relocation Impacts .............................................................. 3 4
C. Land Use Patterns and Compatibility ............................................................ 3 5
D. Economic Condition s ............................................................................. 3 5
E. Mobility and Access ................................................................................ 3 5
1. Neighborhood and Commercial Access ......................................................... 3 5
2. Pedestrian and Bicycle Access .................................................................... 3 6
3. The Americans with Disabilities Act ............................................................. 3 6
4. Public Tran sit ....................................................................................... 3 6
F. Transportation N etwork .......................................................................... 3 7
1. Change in Commuting Patterns .................................................................. 3 7
2. Travel Time ......................................................................................... 3 7
3. Consistency with Thoroughfare Plan ............................................................ 3 7
G. Community S afety ................................................................................. 3 7
1. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety ..................................................................... 3 7
2. Emergency Response .............................................................................. 3 8
3. Vehicular Safety .................................................................................... 3 8
H. Farmland Impacts .................................................................................. 3 8
I. Impacts to Water Resources ...................................................................... 3 8
J. EnvironmentalJ ustice ............................................................................. 3 9
1. Environmental Justice Regulation ................................................................ 39
ii
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

2. Affected Population ............................................................................... 3 9
V II. C I A C O N C L U S I O N S ...................................................................... 3 9
VIII. C I A R E C O M M E N D ATI O N S .................................................................. 4 O
QUALITATIVE INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT .............. 41
I. INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS IICE) METHODOL❑GY ..............41
II. I C E S T U D Y A R E A D E S C R I PT I O N 5 ............................................... 4 1
A. Future Land Use Study Area and Old Beatty Ford Road Growth Impact Area ............ 4 1
B. Extended Demographic Area (EDA) ............................................................ 42
III. 5 T U D Y A R E A D I R E C T 1 O N A N D G O A L 5 ....................................... 4 2
A. Regional Location Influences and Implications ................................................ 42
B. Demographic and Employment Trends ......................................................... 4 5
C. Transportation Plans and Proposed Projects ................................................... 4 5
D. Local Land Use Plans, Future Land Use, and Zoning ......................................... 47
E. Environmental Regulations ....................................................................... 5 5
IV. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES ......................................... 56
A. Natural Communities, Water Resources and Wetlands ........................................ 5 6
B. Federally-Protected Species and Natural Heritage Elements .................................. 5 7
C. Architectural Features and Historic Sites ........................................................ 5 8
D. Solid Waste Facilities and Superfund Sites ...................................................... 6 5
V. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS .............................................65
VI. POTENTIAL FOR INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS .........67
VII. ANALYSIS OF INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS .............. 68
VIII. EVALUATION ❑F ANALYSIS RESULTS ....................................... 72
I X. I C E C O N C L U S I O N S ...................................................................... 7 2
X. CIA AND ICE RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................... 73
X I. R E F E R E N C E S ................................................................................ 7 4
111
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Population Growth Trends 1990-2000 ...........................................................................................9
Table 2. Projected Population Growth 2000-2020 .....................................................................................10
Table 3. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin ......................................................................................11
Table4. Age Distribution ...............................................................................................................................12
Table 5. Income Level and Poverty Status (1989, 1999) ............................................................................13
Table 6. Educational Attainment 1990, 2000 ..............................................................................................13
Table7. Year Structure Built ..........................................................................................................................14
Table 8. Housing Characteristics ...................................................................................................................15
Table 9. Household Growth 1990-2000 .......................................................................................................15
Table 10. Labor Force, Travel Time, and Means of Commute ................................................................16
Table 11. Employment by Industry Sector 1990 and 2005 .......................................................................17
Table 12. Annual Average Unemployment 1990, 2000, and 2006 ...........................................................19
Table 13. Potential Business and Residential Displacements ....................................................................34
Table 14. Regional Population Growth Trends 1990-2000 .......................................................................42
TaUle 15. County and State Population Growth Trends and Projections 1990-2030 ...........................45
Table 16. 2007-2013 TIP Projects .................................................................................................................46
Table 17. Named Streams and Classifications in the FLUSA ...................................................................57
Table 18. Federally-Protected Species for Cabarrus and/or Rowan Counties .......................................58
Table 19. Natural Heritage Element Occurrences ......................................................................................58
Table 20. Potential Impact-Causing Activities .............................................................................................66
Table 21. Relative Rating of Project Indirect and Cumulative Effects ....................................................71
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure1. Project Vicinity Map .........................................................................................................................3
Figure 2. DCIA and Demographic Area ........................................................................................................7
Figures 3a-3c. Community Facilities .............................................................................................................21
Figure4. FLUSA and EDA ............................................................................................................................43
Figures 5a-Sc. Generalized 7oning ...............................................................................................................49
Figures6a-6c. Notable Features ....................................................................................................................59
tv
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Project Introduction
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT� proposes to combine Transportation
Improvement Program (TIP) projects I-3802, I-3804, I-3610, and B-3039 into a single work effort
because of the proximity and interrelationship among the projects. The projects are located in
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties and all but B-3039 are included in the 2007-20�3 TIP. Total project
length along I-85 is approximately 13.6 miles. TIP projects I-3610 and I-3804 are unfunded. TIP
project I-3802 is set for right-of-way in 2012 and is unfunded for construction. Proposed
improvements are summarized below.
I-3802
Widen I-85 from four lanes to eight lanes from NC 73 to US 29-601 connector, matching TIP
Na I-3803 at NC 73, and TIP No. I-2511 at US 29-601. Widening may� occur both within the
existing median and on the outside of e�sting shoulders.
• Improve existing interchanges / crossings to meet current vertical clearance standards.
I-3804
• Construct a new interchange at Old Beatty Ford Road and I-85.
I-3610 and B-3039
• Reconstruct NC 152, the interchange at NC 152 and US 29-(01, and the interchange at NC 152
and I-85, connecting the two interchanges.
• The existing cloverleaf interchange at NC 152 and US 29-601 will be reconstructed as a half-
diamond with ramps in the southeast and southwest quadrants. Revisions include
reconstruction of Bridge No. 34 immediately south of the e�sting structure, connecting
SR 2588 (Myrtle Goodnight Road) to NC 152 opposite the southbound ramp.
• The existing interchange at I-85 and NC 152 will be reconstructed as a full-diamond with
addition of ramps in the northeast and northwest quadrants.
• NC 152 will be reconstructed as a five-lane shoulder section from just east of the Southern
Railway bridge to just east of the I-85 interchange.
There are three primary purposes of the proposed project:
• Upgrade I-85 to meet standards established by the NCDOT's Strategic Highway Corridors
Vision Plan.
• Improve traffic flow on I-85 and its interchanges in the project area.
• Provide direct access from I-85 to the southeastern portion of Rowan County.
v
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Key Community Characteristics
Analysis of community characteristics includes assessment of the Direct Community Impact Area
(DCIA), which includes properry owners and businesses that could be most directly affected by the
proposed project, and assessment of the Demographic Area, which represents the area for which
US Census Bureau data was collected.
The communiry surrounding the proposed project is a mixture of business and residential uses, with
some agricultural land and abundant undeveloped property adjacent to I-85. Small retail, gas, and
other service-type businesses are common at interchanges. Some areas are densely developed and /
or include big box retail, while other areas are sparsely developed or somewhat degraded.
Population growth is occurring in the vicinity of the project, with Cabarrus Counry outpacing
Rowan County and the state. Cabarrus County growth exceeded three percent annually� between
1990 and 2000, and is forecasted to remain close to three percent annually from 2000 to 2020.
Population growth in the Demographic Area between 1990 and 2000 was stronger than that of
Rowan County but less than that of Cabarrus County. The growth rate in the Demographic Area
was approximately five percent higher (26.2 percent) than the state's (21.4 percent). Census data
show that strong growth in the Demographic Area occurred in Cabarrus County east of I-85 in an
area that includes a portion of NC 73.
In 1999, 7.6 percent of individuals in the Demographic Area were below the poverty level. Between
1989 and 1999, poverty statistics improved in the Demographic Area, Cabarrus County, and the
state. However, conditions worsened in Rowan County, where the percent of individuals below the
poverry level rose from 9.1 percent to 10.0 percent.
A wide range of employment is available. Persons commute between Rowan and Cabarrus Counties
and to Mecklenburg County� to work in Charlotte. Manufacturing remains a strong employer in the
area, but continues to be in decline. According to local planners, the biotech industry is promising.
The North Carolina Research Campus, which is under construction in Kannapolis, is expected to
bring numerous jobs to the area. Though outside of the DCIA, this campus will have effects within,
as it is expected to generate approximately 35,000 job opportunities (either on or off-campus) b�
build-out.
Local attractions near the proposed project but outside project study areas include Lowe's Motor
Speedway and Concord Mills Mall. Both the speedway and the mall have an impact on the local
economy. The speedway attracts as many as 160,000 to 180,000 fans for two races that occur in the
weeks leading up to and including Memorial Day weekend. A large number of fans return in the fall
for another popular race. According to local planners, Concord Mills Mall is now the top tourist
attraction in the state.
Named streams within the DCIA are classified as either "C" or "WS-IV CA." Approximately one-
half of the DCIA is within a Water Supply Watershed, and portions are within the watershed's
Critical Area. There are two 303(d) listed streams. No High Qualiry Waters (HQ�, Outstanding
Resource Waters (OR�, or Wild and Scenic Rivers occur within the DCIA.
vt
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Much of the DCIA is covered under either a municipal or county land use plan. Rowan County has
no land use plan and is not currently developing one.
Key Potential Impacts (CIA)
The proposed new interchange at Old Beatty Ford Road is likely to cause visual and aesthetic
impacts. Construction of the interchange is expected to require removal of existing trees and other
vegetation. Some nearby homeowners could perceive this as a negative impact, especially� if it results
in views of the interchange or I-85 from their property�.
Field investigations indicated that the project has the potential to cause noise impacts to some
businesses, homes, and community facilities. A highway traffic noise/construction noise analysis is
in progress for this project.
The proposed project could result in residential and business displacements, most likely near
interchanges. No displacements are anticipated along the main I-85 corridor since construction is
intended to remain within e�sting right-of-way.
Land use changes may include limited transitions from residential to business uses at interchanges.
In addition, vacant land is expected to draw business interests, particularly near the Old Beatty� Ford
Road interchange.
The project could enhance economic conditions in the DCIA. Local planners noted the importance
of good transportarion infrastructure in the area and believe the project will contribute to the
economy through improved travel conditions and access. Some businesses could incur economic
hardship if they are relocated because of the project.
Access will improve for rural residents who will use the proposed Old Beatty Ford Road
interchange. Current access to I-85 for these r�sidents involves use of local roads to the nearest
interchange, which would be NC 152 to the north or Lane Street to the south. Local officials would
like Old Beatty Ford Road to evolve into a new northern gateway to the North Carolina Research
Campus in Kannapolis.
Some effects to the Rider bus system that serves Concord and Kannapolis could occur during
project construcrion or afterwards. Better information will be available as designs progress. Effects
could include limited relocation of bus stops or temporary= route delays during construction.
The proposed project will impact soils that are recognized as important farmlands by the
US Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Impacts will likely
be focused around existing and proposed interchanges. Coordination has been conduct�d wieh the
NRCS and no further coordination with the agency is expected.
DCIA during field investigations revealed some low-income areas in small pockets, such as groups
of mobile homes, and scattered in some rural areas. It is anticipated that the project could impact
some low-income persons, though not necessarily more than other residents in the area. Examples
of impacts may include noise or displacements. Based upon field investigation and opinion of local
planners, the project is not expected to have disproportionately� high and adverse human health and
environmental effects on populations of minorities or low-income persons.
vii
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Key Indirect and Cumulative Effects (ICE)
Indirect and cumulative effects were assessed using the Future Land Use Study Area (FLUSA),
which is where potential indirect effects of a project, plus the potential cumulative effects of a
project and all other existing proposed projects and plans in the area may occur, and the EDA,
which represents demographic trends of the FLUSA. Effects were further assessed through study of
the Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area because of the proposed new interchange there.
The FLUSA contains Class "C" and Class "WS-IV CA" waters. There are no restrictions on
watershed development or t��pes of discharges for Class "C" waters. There are no restrictions on
domestic or industrial discharges in "WS-IV CA" waters. Two dwelling units per acre or 24 percent
built-upon area is allowed foY low density development in "WS-IV CA" areas. A high density option
allows 24 to 50 percent built-upon area, which is required to control the one-inch storm. No new
landfills are allowed, and agriculture best management practices are required.
Areas outside of the CA boundary that are within the Protected Area of the Water Supply=
Watershed have the same low density development requirements as CA areas, however, high density
development is allowed 24 to 70 percent built-upon area. Landfills are allowed, and agriculture best
management practices are not required. The 10/70 Provision is allowed in the Protected Area. This
provision allows local government to use 10 percent of the non-critical area of a watershed within its
jurisdiction for new development and expansions to existing development up to 70 percent built-
upon area without stormwater controL This is allowed if using the low density option throughout
the remainder of the watershed. A 100-foot buffer is required along all perennial streams where the
10�70 Provision is used.
There are no High Quality Waters (HQ�, Outstanding Resource Waters (OR�, or Wild and
Scenic Rivers listed streams in the FLUSA. Town Creek and Irish Buffalo Creek are 303(d) streams.
Complementary development from this project is most likely to occur in the Old Beatty Ford Road
Impact Area. Local planners said there has been some interest in business development in this area,
and they believe it could serve as a gateway to the North Carolina Research Campus, which may
encourage some mixed-use development. Generalized zoning in the vicinity of the proposed
interchange is currently Agriculture. It is expected that the county would be favorable to requests for
zoning changes in the area.
Streams and wetlands, some of which are associated with drinl�ing water supplies, could potentially
be impacted by the proposed project and by induced development. Development limitations in the
Water Supply Watershed Critical Area will offer some protection; however, there are stream reaches
in the viciniry of Old Beatty Ford Road and Lane Street that flow into the Critical Ar�a but are not
within it. These streams are within the Protected Area of the watershed, which has less stringent
requirements for, among other things, high density development.
Several aspects of the project are likely to affect access and travel time savings. Widening I-85 is
expected to reduce congestion, which should improve travel time for all users, but particularly rush
hour commuters. The Old Beatty Ford Road interchange is anticipated to benefit commuters who
could use it to access I-85. This should reduce travel distance for these commuters, which could
result in travel time savings. Some congestion relief is expected on interchanges north and south of
viii
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Old Beatty Ford Road once users have access to the new interchange. Improvements to existing
interchanges are expected to improve travel flow. Planners anticipate benefits in particular to
commuters coming from western Rowan County who use NC 152 to access I-85, and to commuters
using NC 73 as a bypass to I-77.
Property values could increase in the Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area. The most likely areas are
those closest to the new interchange. If Old Beatry Ford Road becomes a primary route to the
North Carolina Research Campus, properry values could increase farther away from the interchange.
The research campus is just under three miles from the proposed interchange.
Project related growth may cause terYestrial habitat loss and�or fYagmentation, which could result in
changes in species composition and abundance.
Though no farms in the area are expected to be directly impacted by the project, an increase in
development interest in the more rural areas could eventually result in some agricultural losses to
residential and business developments.
Cumulative effects are expected to be associated with the Old Beatry Ford Road interchange. New
access in the Old Beatty Tord Road Impact Area will likely bring new development, which would
create more impervious surfaces that could negatively impact water quality. Development could
change existing natural habitats either through elimination or changing characteristics that would not
suit exisring wildlife. Since local municipalities show interest in bringing water and sewer services to
the area for development, this could encourage further development in the future. The combination
of new access from the project and demand from the North Carolina Research Campus could lead
to natural environment cumulative effects, including loss of aesthetic values if the rural environment
is greatly alteYed.
Findings/Recommendations (CIA/ICE)
Coordination with the Rider bus system is recommended regarding expected delays during
construction and bus stop relocations (if any will occur).
More study� may be warranted in the rural area along Old Beatty Ford Road. Increased traffic from
the new interchange and growth influences if the road becomes a primary route to the North
Carolina Research Campus could combine to alter the area substantially. Rowan Counry has no land
use plan in place or in progress. Current zoning allows a mix of uses, with Agriculture
predominating at the Old Beatty Ford Road proposed inrerchange. This project will likely result in
indirect and cumulative effects in the form of change in land use. Project specific minimization and
mitigation strategies for indirect and cumulative effects are limited. Local zoning controls and
comprehensive planning, which are tools that localities may utilize to shape patterns of growth and
development within their boundaries, are outside the jurisdiction of the NCDOT.
Visual and aesthetic impacts are expected mostly at interchange locations where new configurations
may cause changes in the immediate area. The new interchange at Old Beatty Ford Road is likely to
bring the most visual and aesthetic impacts. It is recommended that vegetation removal be
minimized and landscaping be implemented as appropriate to improve aesthetics.
tx
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

X
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDO'I� proposes to combine Transportation
Improvement Program (TIP) projects I-3802, I-3804, I-3610, and B-3039 into a single work effort
because of the pro�mity and interrelationship among the pYOjects. The projects are located in
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties (Figure 1) and all but B-3039 are included in the 2007-2013 TIP.
Total project length along I-85 is approximately 13.6 miles. TIP projects I-3610 and I-3804 are
unfunded. TIP project I-3802 is set for right-of-way in 2012 and is unfunded for construction.
Proposed improvements are summarized below.
I-3802
Widen I-85 from four lanes to eight lanes from
NC 73 to US 29-601 connector, matching TIP
No. I-3803 at NC 73, and TIP No. I-2511 at
US 29-601. Widening may occur both within the
existing median and on the outside of existing
shoulders.
• Improve existing crossings/interchanges to meet
current vertical clearance standards.
I-3804
Construct a new interchange at Old Beatty Ford
Road and I-85.
I-3610 and B-3039
Reconstruct NC 152, the interchange at NC 152
and US 29-601, and the interchange at NC 152
and I-85, connecting the two interchanges.
• The e�sting cloverleaf interchange at NC 152
and US 29-601 will be reconstructed as a half-
diamond with ramps in the southeast and
southwest quadrants. Revisions include
reconstruction of Bridge No. 34 immediately
south of the e�sting structure, connecring
SR 2588 (Myrtle Goodnight Road) to NC 152
opposite the southbound ramp.
Dale Earnhardt Boulevard looking
east near Roxie Drive.
x�i?"�� '_i`
� �� �.,�. _
_ �;�' �; , � `�.',� : �a�
NC 152 looking west across
I-85 bridge.
The existing interchange at I-85 and NC 152 will
be reconstructed as a full-diamond with addition of ramps in the northeast and northwest
quadrants.
NC 152 will be reconstructed as a five-lane shoulder section from just east of the Southern
Railway bridge to just east of the I-85 interchange.
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Existing Roadways
Existing roadways and their descriptions are listed below.
Road
Interstate 85
NC 73 (Exit 55)
US 29-601 (Exit 58)
SR 2126 (Dale Earnhardt
Blvd./ Copperfield Blvd.)
(E�t 60)
SR 2180 (I.ane Street)
(E�t 63)
SR 1221
(Old Beatty Ford Rd.)
NC 152 (E�t 68)
SR 2588
(Myrtle Goodnight Rd.)
Roadway Type Description
Urban Interstate Just north of the proposed project I-85 is eight lanes
with a grass median and paved shoulders. It
transitions briefl� to six lanes near NC 152, then
continues as a four-lane facility with a grass median,
paved shoulders, and a speed limit of 65 miles per
hour (mph) throughout the project area to be
widened.
Other Principal Arterial
Other Principal Arterial,
some portions of US 29
and US 601 individually
classified as Minor Arterial
NC 73 is two lanes with grass shoulders and a speed
limit of 45 mph. At the I-85 interchange it is three
lanes with a concrete median.
Near the northern end of the proposed project in the
vicinity of NC 152, US 29-601 is a four-lane facility
with grass shoulders. Near the southern end of the
project (E�t 58), in the viciniry of the I-85
interchange, US 29-601 is four lanes with additional
turn lanes and a concrete median. The speed limit is
45 mph.
Minor Collector Dale Earnhardt Blvd. is a four-lane curb and gutter
facility with a sidcwalk on the south side of the road
west of I-85. It changes names at the I-85 interchange
and is Copperfield Blvd. east of the interchange. The
speed limit is 45 mph. There are no sidewalks east of
the interchange.
Minor Arterial/Major
Collector
Rura1 Local
Major Collector/Minor
Arterial
Urban Local
East of I-85 Lane Street is two lanes with grass
shoulders and a speed limit of 35 mph. West of I-85
Lane Street is a four-lane curb and gutter facility.
Old Bearry Ford Rd. is two lanes with grass
shoulders. There is no posted speed limit near the
pxoposed project.
NC 152 is two lanes with a speed limit of 55 mph.
Myrtle Goodnight Rd. is a small, local neighborhood
road with no posted speed limit.
2
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

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Back of Figure 1
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Purpose and Need
There are three primary purposes of the proposed project:
Upgrade I-85 to meet standards established by the Strategic Highway Corridors Vision Plan.
Improve traffic flow on I-85 and its inte�changes in the project area.
Provide direct access from I-85 to the southeastern portion of Rowan County.
The primar�T needs for the proposed action are as follows:
• Direct access to the southeastern portion of Rowan County is curYently not available from the
I-85 corridor. The closest interchanges north and south of SR 1221 are approximately five miles
apart.
Traffic along I-85 is projected to increase substantially by 2030. Traffic studies show that 2005
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AAD'I� along I-85 ranged from 68,800 to 83,400 vehicles per
dayT (vpd). By 2030, the projected AADT for I-85 increases to between 122,300 vpd and
161,600 vpd.
I-85 is designated as a Strategic Highway Corridor (SHC) and should meet current design
criteria for freeway facilities. I-85 and several bridges and interchanges are in need of upgrading.
A number of bridges along I-85 do not meet current design standards for vertical clearance.
The current I-85 corridor in the project area will not meet the vision of the SHC Plan, which
has designated the facility as vital to the efficient and high-speed movement of people and
goods to destinations within and just outside of North Carolina.
Geographic, Political, and Community Description
The proposed project is located in the southern Piedmont region of North Carolina. The project
passes through or near the Cities of Concord and Kannapolis, and the Town of China Grove. The
Cabarrus/South Rowan Urban Area Metropolitan Planning Organization (CRMPO) represents the
area in adhering to federal planning requirements. The Centralina Council of Governments provides
local and regional planning and technical services to local government members.
The community surrounding the proposed project is a mixture of business and residential uses, with
some agricultural land and abundant undeveloped property adjacent to I-85. Small retail, gas, and
other service-rype businesses are common at interchanges. Some areas are densely developed and /
or include big box retail, while other areas are sparsely developed or somewhat degraded. Property is
available for development near most interchanges; the US 29-601 interchange at I-85 (Exit 58)
appears to be the most densely developed area with the least amount of available land.
Population growth is occurring in the vicinity of the project, with Cabarrus County outpacing
Rowan County and the state. A wide range of employment is available, and persons commute
between Rowan and Cabarrus Counties and to Charlotte. Manufacturing remains a strong employer
in the area, but continues to be in decline. More informarion on the community surYOUnding the
proposed project is located in Section V.
5
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

III. METHODOLOGY
This Community Impact Assessment (CIA) was prepared to identify and evaluate the direct effects
of the proposed transportation improvement project on the surrounding community. A site visit was
conducted to evaluate the community, and study area boundaries for the CIA were based on the site
visit, consultation with the NCDOT, and US Census Bureau demographic data collection.
The community was characterized through the collection of both historical and current demographic
and land use information. Data sources included an inventory of existing land use collected through
the field visit, local planning documents, state and federal websites on population and economic
statistics, and interviews with local planning representatives from Rowan County, CRMPO, the City
of Concord, the City of Kannapolis, and the Town of China Grove.
Community characteristics summarized in Section V of this report were used as the basis for
identifying potential impacts from the proposed project. The assessment of direct impacts was
facilitated by Co7nlnunity I�npactA.r.re.r.r�nent, AQuick Guide for Tran.+�ortation (Federal Highway
Administration, 1996).
IV. STUDY AREA DESCRIPTIONS
Two study areas were developed for assessment of the community impacts of this project: the
Direct Community Impact Area (DCIA) and the Demographic Area. Generally, the effects of the
project discussed within the community impact ass�ssment refer to those within the DCIA, which is
described below.
Direct Community Im�act Area
The DCIA (Figure 2) consists of a 1,000-foot wide corridor centered on I-85, and includes 1,000-
foot wide corridors along interchange roads for a distance of approximately 2,000 feet east and west
of each interchange. The DCIA boundary includes the property owners and businesses that could be
most directly affected by the proposed project. Factors taken into account in determining the
appropriate boundary location included probable changes in access, land use patterns, and proximity
of community features to the project.
Demogra�hic Area
The Demographic Area (Figure 2) represents the area for which US Census Bureau and other
demographic data were collected and analyzed. The following Census block groups are included.
Rowan Countv
Census Tract 514 Block Group 1
Cabarrus Countv
Census Tract 406 Block Group 1
Census Tract 407 Block Groups 1, 6
Census Tract 409 Block Group 1
Census Tract 411 Block Group 3
Census Tract 517 Block Groups 1, 4, 5
Census Tract 412 Block Group 3
Census Tract 424 Block Groups 1, 2, 3
Census Tract 425 Block Group 2
6
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 2
8
I-85 �'idening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and l�Iultiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Ro`�an and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

V. COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS
A. Community Characteristics Overview
Population growth in the Demographic Area between 1990 and 2000 was stronger than that of
Rowan County but less than that of Cabarrus County. Census data show that strong growth in the
Demographic Area occurred east of I-85 near NC 73. Racial diversity in the Demographic Area is
not high; nearly 84 percent of the population is white.
The Demographic Area had a median household income of �42,676 in 1999. Homes in the DCIA
are variable, ranging from low-income stick built and mobile homes to middle and upper middle
income structures. Some are in neighborhoods while others are a scattered rural mix. The median
value of owner-occupied housing units in the Demographic Area is �108,694. Renter-occupied units
comprise approximately 33 percent of housing in the Demographic Area.
There are numerous employers in Cabarrus and Rowan Counties with more than 1,000 workers.
Northeast Medical Center, Cabarrus County's top employer, is located not far outside of the DCIA
east of I-85 on US 29-601. The majoriry of employers in the DCIA include small businesses such as
gas stations, restaurants, and small retail, mixed with big box retail, medical service providers, and
minor industrial components. Manufacturing, which was strong in the past but has incurred large
setbacks because of poor product demand and competition, among other reasons, is being replaced
by other businesses, including those in the high tech sector.
B. Population Characteristics
The following provides an overview of population growth trends and projections, race and ethnicity,
age, and economic status. When available, information was obtained for the Demographic Area, and
comparisons were made to the state and Rowan and Cabarrus Counties.
Table 1 shows that population growth in the Demographic Area between 1990 and 2000 was
stronger than that of Rowan County but less than that of Cabarrus County. The growth rate in the
Demographic Area was appro�mately five percent higher than the state's. Census data show that
strong growth in the Demographic Area occurred in Cabarrus County� Tract 424 Block Group 1, and
Tract 425 Block Group 2. These block groups are east of I-85 and include a portion of NC 73.
Table 1. Population Growth Trends 1990-2000
1990 Total 2000 Total Population Change Population %
Population Population 1990-2000 Change 1990-2000
North Carolina C,628,C37 8,049,313 1,420,C76 21.4%
Rowan County 110,605 130,340 19,735 17.8%
Cabarrus County 98,935 131,063 32,128 32.5%
Demographic Area 22,304 28,142 5,838 2C.2%
Source: US Census Bureau - Census 1990 STF 1 Table P001, Census 2000 SF1 Table P1
9
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

According to City of Concord planners, there are seasonal population fluxes associated with Lowe's
Motor Speedway, a NASCAR facility=. Fans often begin camping at the facility= in preparation for two
closely spaced races in the spring that culminate with a Memorial Day weekend race. During this
time, there may be as many as 60,000 to 80,000 campers, and overall 160,000 to 180,000 fans for the
races. A fall race again attracts numerous fans, though not as many as in the spring.
North Carolina State Data Center population projections indicate that between 2000 and 2010,
Cabarrus County will have a higheY percent change in popularion growth than Rowan County or the
state (Table 2). A downturn in growth is projected for Cabarrus County and the state between 2010
and 2020, while an increase is expected for Rowan County.
Table 2. Projected Population Growth 2000-2020
2000 Total 2010 Change Percent 2020 Change Percent
Projected Change Projected Change
Population 2000-2010 2010-2020
Population 2000- 2010 Population 2010-2020
North g 046,813 9,349,175 1,302,362 16.2% 10,709,704 1,360,529 14.6%
Carolina
Rowan 130,340 139,427 9,087 7.0% 153,310 13,883 10.0%
County
Cabarrus 131,063 168,850 37,787 28.8% 209,424 40,574 24.0%
County
Source: Norrh Carolina State Data Centier — Counry Population Urowth 2000-2010, 2010-2020
1. Race/Ethnicity
Table 3 shows that racial diversity in the Demographic Area is not high. Nearly 84 percent of the
population is white. The percentage of Hispanic persons is slightly higher in the Demographic Area
than in Rowan and Cabarrus Counties and the state. Black or African American persons comprise
appro�mately 8.2 percent of the Demographic Area, which is lower than Rowan or Cabarrus
County, and much lower that the state's 21.6 percent.
10
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 3. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin
Population by Race North Carolina Rowan Cabarrus Demographic
County County Area
8,049,313 130,340 131,063 28,142
Total 100% 100% 100% 100%
378,963 5,369 C,620 1,528
Total Hispanic Any Race o � � �
4.7 /0 4.1 /0 5.1 /0 5.4 /o
White Alone 5,804,656 101,859 106,030 23,590
72.1% 78.1% 80.9% 83.8%
157,501 2,435 3,097 877
Hispanic or Latino White
2.0% 1.9% 2.4% 3.1%
Black or African American 1,737,545 20,440 15,778 2,294
Alone 21.6% 15.7% 12.0% 8.2%
Hispanic ox Latino Black or 14,244 122 183 29
African American 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
American Indian or Alaska 99,551 379 385 93
Native 1.2% 0.3% 0.3% 03%
Hispanic or Latino American 4,218 54 58 13
Indian or Alaska Native 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1%
113,689 1,086 1,160 337
Asian
1.4% 0.8% 09% 1.2%
1,273 19 30 2
Hispanic or Latino Asian �0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1%
Native Hawaiian & other 3,983 15 22 9
Pacific Islander <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1%
Hispanic or Latino Native g18 20 10 5
Hawaiian & other Pacific
Islander <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1%
Other Race 186,629 118 120 39
2.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Hispanic or Latino Other 177,614 2,492 2,897 541
Race 2.2% 1.9% 2.2% 19%
103,260 1,074 948 252
Two or more races
1.3% 0.8% 0.7% 09%
Hispanic or Latino Two or 23,295 227 345 61
More Races 03% 0.2% 0.3% 0.2%
Source: US Census Bureau - Census 2000 SF 1 Table P8
Columns may not total 100 percent because of rounding.
11
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

2. Age
Age distribution in the Demographic Area is comparable to Rowan and Cabarrus Counries and the
state (Table 4). There is little variation among the areas across the age groups shown, and the
median ages do not vary substantially.
Table 4. Age Distribution
Age Cohort North Carolina Rowan County Cabarrus Demographic
County Area
2,193,360 35,684 36,79C 7,417
19 Years and Younger
27.2% 27.4% 28.1% 2C.4%
3,078,043 47,162 50,104 10,754
20-44 Years
38.3% 36.2% 38.2% 38.2%
1,808,862 29,289 28,99) 6,15C
45-64 Years
22.5% 22.5% 22.1 % 21.9%
969,048 18,205 15,164 3,815
65 Years and Older
12.0% 14.0% 11.6% 13.6%
Median Age 35.3 36.4 35.4 35.9
Source: US Census Bureau — Ccnsus 2000 SF 1 Tables P12, P13
Columns may not total 100% because of rounding.
3. Income and Poverty Status
Table 5 shows median household incomes in 1989 and 1999. In 1989, the Demographic Area had
the highest median household income, but by 1999 Cabarrus County's was highest at $46,140. The
state had the highest percentage of individuals below the poverty level in 1999 at 12.3 percent;
however, it as well as the Demographic Area and Cabarrus County had shown improvement from
1989. Rowan Counry was the only area to have an increase in the percentage of individuals below
the poverty level, increasing from 9.1 percent in 1989 to 10.6 percent in 1999.
12
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 5. Income Level and Poverty Status (1989, 1999)
1999 %
1989 Median 1999 Median 1989 % Individuals
Household Household Below Poverty Individuals
Income Income Level Below Poverty
Level
Narth Carolina $26,647 �39,184 13.0% 123%
Rowan County $26,354 �37,494 9.1% 10.6%
Cabarrus County $30,133 �46,140 8.0% 7.1%
Demographic Area $31,573 �42,676 7.8% 7.6%
Source: US Census Bureau — Census 1990 STF 3 Tables P001, P005, P080A, P117; Census 2000 SF 3 Tables
P12, P53, P87
4. Educational Attainment
In 1990, the percentage of high school graduates in Rowan and Cabarrus Counties was similar, and
both were lower than the state (Table 6). By 2000 all areas had risen above previous levels, with
Cabarrus County having the highest percentage of high school graduates.
In 1990 the state had the greatest percentage of persons attaining a Bachelor's degree or higher. By
2000 all three areas had improved percentages, with the state still remaining the highest at 22.5
percent.
Table 6. Educational Attainment 1990, 2000
High School High School Bachelor's Bachelor's
Graduate or Graduate or Degree or Degree or
Higher, 1990 Higher, 2000 Higher, 1990 Higher, 2000
North Carolina 70.0% 78.1% 17.4% 22.5%
Rowan County 6C.0% 74.2% 11.7% 14.2%
Cabarrus County 67.4% 78.2% 123% 19.1%
Source: US Census Bureau — Census 1990 STF 3 Table DP-2, Census 2000 SF 3 Table DP-2
13
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

C. Housing Characteristics
Homes in the DCIA are variable, ranging from low-income stick built and mobile homes to middle
and upper middle income structures. Some aYe in neighborhoods while others are a scattered rural
mix. Field observations and comments from local planners indicate that a minor number of homes
in the vicinity of Ro�e Street, which is off of Dale Earnhardt Boulevard near Northlite Shopping
Center, are in transition from residential to business uses.
Table 7 shows that many homes in the Demographic Area, Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, and the
state were built in the 1970s and 1980s. While building dropped off in the early 1990s, it was on the
increase again by the mid to late 1990s.
Table 7. Year Structure Built
North Cabarrus Demographic
Year Structure Built Rowan County
Carolina County Area
1999 to March 2000 4.1% 3.7% 5.7% 5.0%
1995 to 1998 12.3% 109% 15.3% 149%
1990 to 1994 10.6% 8.9% 10.7% 11.2%
1980 to 1989 19.7% 16.0% 16.5% 20.5%
1970 to 1979 18.2% 16.1% 13.5% 12.4%
1960 to 1969 12.7% 123% 9S% 10.1%
1950 to 1959 9.7% 12.0% 11.0% 119%
1940 to 1949 5.5% 8.2% 8.4% 73%
1939 or Earlier 73% 11.9% 93% 6.8%
Source: US Census Bureau - Census 2000 SF 3 Table H34.
The median value of owner-occupied housing units in the Demographic Area is �108,694, which is
close to that of Cabarrus County (Table 8). Both values are higher than the state's; Rowan County
has a much lower value at �88,000.
The Demographic Area has the highest percentage of renter-occupied units, at 33.3 percent. Though
Rowan County has the lowest median value of owner-occupied housing, it ranks second in percent
owner-occupied housing.
14
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 8. Housing Characteristics
Percent Owner- Percent Renter- Median value
Occupied Occupied owner-
Housing Housing occupied units
North Carolina 69.4% 30.6% �95,800
Rowan County 73.6 26.4 �88,000
Cabarrus County 74.7 25.3 $108,900
Demographic Area 66.7 333 $108,694
Source: US Census 13ureau — Census 2UOU Sr 3 Tables H7, Hfi5.
Table 9 shows that household growth in the Demographic Area between 1990 and 2000 was
approximately 29.7 percent. This was higher than Rowan County but less than Cabarrus County.
The state's household growth during this period was 24.4 percent.
Table 9. Household Growth 1990-2000
1990 Total 2000 Total Percent
Households Households Change
North Carolina 2,517,026 3,132,013 24.4%
Rowan County 42,512 49,940 17.5%
Cabarrus County 37,515 49,519 32.0%
Demographic Area 8,938 11,593 29.7%
Source: US Census Bureau — Census 1)90 STF 1 Table P003, Census 2000 SF 1 Table P15.
D. Business and Employment Characteristics
W�orkforce and Commuting Characteristics
Persons 16 years and over in the labor force total approximately 69.7 percent in Cabarrus County,
which is higher than Rowan County's 64.8 percent and the state's 65.7 percent (Table 10).
Commuters in Cabarrus County have the longest t�avel time to work, at 27.0 minutes, and most
drive to work alone, which is true for Rowan County and the state. Local planners say that many
15
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

workers commute between Cabarrus and Rowan Counties, and also to Mecklenburg County to work
in the Charlotte area.
Public transportation use is low in all areas, with both counties ranking lower than the state. Local
interviews revealed that consideration is being given to high occupancy vehicle lanes when I-85 is
widened, which could encourage more carpooling and other forms of group transportation.
Table 10. Labor Force, Travel Time, and Means of Commute
Population in Mean Travel Time Used Public
Labor Force to Work (minutes) Drove Alone Transportation
North Carolina 65.7% 24.0 79.4% 0.9%
Rowan County 64.8% 23.3 81.2% 0.3%
Cabarrus County 69.7% 27.0 833% 0.4%
Source: US Census Bureau — Census 2000 SF 3 Table DP-3.
Data is for population 16 years and over.
Employment by Industry Sector
Manufacturing employed the greatest number of people in North Carolina in 1990 and in 2005;
however, the sector experienced a 303 percent decrease during that time (Table 11). Sectors with
strong increases in North Carolina during this time that also employed a substantial number of
workers included Consrruction, Administrative and Waste Services, Educational Services, Health
Care and Social assistance, and Accommodation and Food Services. The Utili�ies sector had the
greatest percent decrease in workers, though it did not employ substantial numbers of workers
compared to most other sectors.
As with the state, the Manufacturing sector employed the greatest number of people in Rowan
County� in both 1990 and in 2005 (Table 11). This sector decreased in the county by� 7.7 percent
between 1990 and 2005. Retail trade employed the next highest number of workers in 1990, but by
2005 had decreased by 25.3 percent. Sectors that did well and employed a notable number of people
included Wholesale Trade, Transportation and Warehousing, Administrative and Waste Services,
Educational Services, Health Care and Social Assistance, Accommodation and Food Services, Other
Services, and Public Administration.
Manufacturing is a strong sector in Cabarrus County, but had a large decline of nearly 50 percent
between 1990 and 2005 (Table 11). Many sectors have seen notable gains in the county, including
Construction, Wholesale Trade, Retail Trade, Administrative and Waste Services, Educational
Services, Health Care and Social Assistance, Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation, Accommodation
16
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 11. Employment by Industry Sector 1990 and 2005
North Carolina o Rowan County Rowan Cabarrus County Cabarrus
Industry NC /o Co. % Co. %
1990 2005 Change 1��0 2005 Change 1990 2005 Change
Agriculture, Forestry, 21,827 29,328 34.4 310 240 -22.6 69 109 58.0
Fishing & Hunting
Mining 3,993 3,499 -12.4 155 237 52.9 177 76 -57.1
Utilities 27,287 14,383 -473 * 252 N/A * 116 N/A
Construction 166,733 232,326 393 2,050 2,326 13.5 2,587 4,433 71.4
Manufacturing 820,249 569,308 -30.3 12,695 11,717 -7.7 1(,116 8,139 -49.5
Wholesale Trade 139,697 170,524 22.1 1,293 1,872 44.8 714 2,852 299.4
Retail Trade 381,041 450,486 18.2 6,158 4,602 -253 5,295 9,675 82.7
Transpoxtation and 102,720 136,571 33.0 658 3,248 393.6 1,588 1,588 0.0
Warehousing
Information 58,588 78,013 33.2 363 297 -18.2 514 627 22.0
Finance and 103,041 142,751 38.2 793 795 0.3 963 972 0.9
Insurance
Real Estate and 32,493 50,132 543 245 272 11.0 348 603 733
Rental and Leasing
Professional and 91,327 162,927 78.4 354 830 134.5 503 1,862 270.2
Technical Services
Mgmt. of Companies 35,104 63,407 80.6 * * N/A 65 1,143 1,658.5
and Enterprises
Administxative and 110,979 225,671 103.3 831 1,382 66.3 563 3,471 516.5
Waste Services
Educational Services 233,161 344,234 47.6 3,279 4,213 28.5 2,313 4,543 96.4
Health Care and 261,592 488,681 86.8 4,622 6,697 44.9 3,805 8,425 121.4
Social Assistance
Arts, Entertainment, 31,090 50,017 60.9 274 459 67.5 686 2,295 234.5
and Recreation
Accommodation and 206,014 313,509 52.2 2,334 3,182 363 2,006 6,058 202.0
Food Services
Other Services, Ex. 8� Z�� 9g�537 22.7 813 1,286 58.2 957 1,538 60J
Public Admin.
Public 171,716 220,236 28.3 2,031 2,579 27.0 1,101 2,489 126.1
Administration
Unclassified * 12,531 N/A N/A 67 N/A N/A 172 N/A
Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission - Insured Employment in North Carolina, Rowan
County, Cabarrus County for Aggregate of all Types by Sector (2 digit) for 1990, 2005.
* Disclosure suppression.
17
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

and Food Services, Other Services, and Public Administration. Professional and Technical Services
and Management of Companies and Enterprises are also growing sectors in the county.
The North Carolina Employment Security Commission provides announcements of business
closings and permanent layoffs by county. Review of announcements from the 1990s and 2000s
supported the above data on industry sector decline in manufacturing. Announcements included
many manufacturing facilities, with textiles the predominant tyTpe in Rowan and Cabarrus Counties.
Reasons ranged from poor product demand to import competition and bankruptcy, among others.
As of September 2006, the top 25 employers listed by the North Carolina Employment Security
Commission for both Rowan and Cabarrus Counties included numerous employers with more than
1,000 workers. The top five in Rowan County include Freightliner of Cleveland, Rowan Salisbury
School Systems, Food Lion, VA Medical Center 659, and Rowan Regional Medical Center. The top
five employers in Cabarrus County include Northeast Medical Center, Cabarrus County Schools,
Philip Morris USA, Wal-Mart Associates, and Cabarrus County.
DCIA Businesses and Predicted Trends
Many employers within the DCIA are small
businesses such as gas stations, restaurants, sma11 retail
stores, and other service-type businesses. Larger
employers include big box retail stores, industrial
businesses, several hotels, and the companies at the
International Business Park at Concord. The entrance
to the Park is off of NC 73 east of I-85. Companies in
the Park employ from 50 people or less to several
hundred people in a variety of specialties. The Park is
still recruiting and has scveral hundred acres for sale.
�
International Business Park
Local planners believe that business trends will tend at Concorcl.
towards several areas, including specialized manufacturing related to NASCAR needs, and
warehousing and distribution centers because of good access to I-85. Planners foresee biotechnology
and supporting industries as having growth potential in the area as well. The North Carolina
Research Campus, which is under construction in Kannapolis, is expected to bring numerous jobs to
the area. Though outside of the DCIA, this campus will have effects within, as it is expected to
generate appro�mately 35,000 job opportunities (either on or off-campus) by build-out.
Construcrion will be ongoing from 2007 to 2012, with institutions and companies opening as
various spaces are completed.
Unemployment Statistics
Table 12 shows that in 1990, 2000, and 2006 Cabarrus County fared better in unemployment than
Rowan County and the state. Rowan County's unemployment level gradually rose over this time
period, while the state's has fluctuated. As of 2006, Rowan County had the highest annual average
unemployment, at 5.0 percent.
18
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 12. Annual Average Unemployment 1990, 2000, and 2006
1990 2000 2006
North Carolina 4.2% 3.7% 4.8%
Rowan County 4.0% 4.5% 5.0%
Cabarrus County 3.7% 3.0% 4.1%
Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission — Civilian Labor Force Estimates
E. Community Resources — Facilities
1. Schools and Daycare Centers
Figures 3a-3c present community facilities in the DCIA. Schools include Winecoff Elementary
School off of Winecoff School Road, and Covenant Classical School, which backs up to northbound
I-85 north of the I-85/NC 73 interchange. Rowan Cabarrus Community College is adjacent to the
DCIA west of I-85 at the I-85/NC 73 interchange.
La Petite Academy was the only daycare observed in the DCIA. It is on S. Ridge Road near
US 29-601 (E�t 58).
2. Churches and Cemeteries
Several worship facilities are within the DCIA, including Foot of the Cross, Lane Street Church of
God, Trinity Baptist, and Fellowship 5:17.
There is a large cemetery called Carolina Memorial Park west of I-85 near the I-85/US 29-601
interchange. No other cemeteries were observed in the DCIA.
3. Parks, Recreation Facilities, and Community Centers
North Cabarrus Park is located north of NC 73 west of I-85. The park has picnic shelters, restrooms
and vending, trails, and facilities for sports such as volleyball, basketball, and horseshoes. The Park
at Winecoff School is adjacent to Winecoff Flementary School. It includes baseball fields and is
home to the Carolina Vipers Youth League.
Fieldcrest Cannon Stadium is located west of I-85 between Moose Road and Lane Street. Access
points are available from both roads but the stadium advertises access from I-85 via Lane Street.
The 4,700-seat facility is home to the Kannapolis Intimidators, a Class A affiliate of the Chicago
White Sox (www.intimidatorsbaseball.com).
Sportscenter Athletic Club is an 11-acre private facility that offers fitness programs and sports
leagues (u�ww.sportscenternc.com). It is located on Country Club Drive east of I-85 near the
US 29-601 interchange.
19
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Overcash Soccer Complex is adjacent to northbound I-85 north of NC 73. It is comprised of soccer
practice fields for the Futbol Club Carolina Alliance, which is an alliance dedicated to youth soccer
(http: / / fccarolinaalliance.org) .
There are public rest areas off of I-85 northbound and southbound between Dale Earnhardt
Boulevard (Exit 60) and US 29-601 (Exit 58).
4. Elderly Housing and Care
No housing facilities specifically for elder care were found in the DCIA.
Historic Sites
Records were reviewed at the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) for historic
sites within the DCIA eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, on the National Register,
or on the Study= List. One site was found: the Goodman Farm. This site is eligible for the National
Register of Historic Places and is adjacent to I-85 south of Winecoff School Road. Additional
information and mapping of historic sites is provided in the ICE section of this report.
SHPO records indicated an archaeological site north of Dale Earnhardt Boulevard near the I-85
ramp. This site is listed as surveyed, but no further records were found. Other archaeological sites in
the area were listed as needing no further work, and are not discussed in this report. Additional
information and mapping of archaeological sites is provided in the ICE section of this report.
6. Hospitals and Medical Facilities
A collection of health care facilities is located off of Copperfield Road, which turns into Dale
Earnhardt Boulevard at the I-85 interchange. The facilities include Northeast Digestive Center,
Dialysis Center, Children's Developmental Agency, Concord Children's Center, and Nortiheast
Outpatient Center.
Suburban Pediatric Center and Cabarrus Mercy Clinic Urgent Care are off of Concord Lake Road
west of I-85.
Northeast Medical Center is outside of the DCIA east of I-85 on US 29-601. The center is included
here because though it is outside of the DCIA, it would b� expected to generate a large amount of
traffic within the DCIA near the US 29-001 interchange since it is Cabarrus County's largest
employer.
Emergency Medical and Fire Station Facilities
No emergency medical or fire sta�ion facilities were observed in the DCIA. Surrounding
municipalities offer services to citizens within their jurisdictions, and Rowan and Cabarrus Counties
also provide these services.
20
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 3a
22
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and l�iultiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 3b
24
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and l�fultiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 3c
26
I-85 �X'idening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and l�fultiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Post Offices and Government Facilities
There is a post office south of US 29-601 on Kannapolis Highway. No other post offices were
found in the DCIA.
Several government related facilities are within the DCIA. The Cabarrus Regional Chamber of
Commerce is on Dale Earnhardt Boulevard west of I-85. There is an Armed Forces Career Center
west of I-85 near the Dale Earnhardt Boulevard interchange. An Employment Security Commission
Joblink Center and a North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles driver's license and enforcement
facility are located on Kannapolis Highway.
F. Community Resources — Infrastructure
1. Pedestrian Facilities
There is a sidewalk along the south side of Dale Earnhardt Boulevard west of I-85. Other busy,
urban areas of the DCIA could be suitable for sidewalks, but no other pedestrian facilities were
observed. No walking paths were noted.
2. Bike Routes
There are three bike routes within the DCIA. Cabarrus County Route 1 crosses I-85 on Concord
Lake Road. It is a loop route that extends along local roads east and west of I-85, and crosses the
interstate again on Moose Road.
Cabarrus County Route 2/Northern Route crosses I-85 on Centergrove Road. It extends east and
west of I-85 along local roads.
An unnamed Rowan County bike route connects to Cabarrus County Route 1 at Moose Road and
extends east out of the DCIA.
3. Transit Services
Concord and Kannapolis are served by the Rider bus system (www.ckrider.com). The system's Red,
Yellow, and Green routes extend through the DCIA. The Red route extends along I-85 between
US 29-601 and NC 73 in the DCIA, and also along US 29-601 east of I-85. The Red route does not
appear to have any stops within the DCIA.
The Yellow route extends through Concord and Kannapolis, crossing I-85 on Main Street, which is
between Winecoff School Road and US 29-601. Rider system maps indicate there are three stops on
main street at tihe I-85 crossing. Two are east of and adjacent to I-85, and one is west of and
adjacent to I-85. These stops are within the DCIA.
The Green route extends across I-85 on Lake Concord Road (NC 3). One stop on this route is just
inside the DCIA on Cloverleaf Road, which is off of Lake Concord Road west of I-85.
Rowan County provides the Rowan Individual Transportation Assistance program. Transportation
is available on rotating days in different parts of the county. Those eligible for the program include
27
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

seniors 60 years and older, individuals with disabilities, and xural general public passengers of any
age.
The Cabarrus Counry Transportation Service provides transportation for elderly and low-income
persons in the county. Individuals are directed to contact one of several local service agencies for
eligibility for the program. The service operates five days a week.
4. Vehicular Routes
Major vehicular routes in the DCIA include I-85, NC 73, US 29-601, and NC 152. I-85 extends into
Virginia to the north and South Carolina to the south, connecting several of the state's largest
metropolitan areas. It also connects to other major roadways in the state, including I-40, a major
east/west route, and I-77, which is a north/south route extending to Virginia and South Carolina. I-
85 is included in the state's Strategic Highway Corridors (SHC) initiative, which seeks to maximize
the mobility and connectiviry on a core set of highway corridors throughout North Carolina, thereby
fostering economic prosperity through quick and efficient movement of people and goods. It is
expected that many workers within the DCIA would use this route daily for commutes
NC 73 extends from the Southern Pines area west to Lincolnton. It is part of SHC 19, which
connects Lincolnton to Concord.
US 29 extends across the state in a northwest direcrion from Charlotte to Danville, Virginia. It
roughly parallels I-85 to the west between Charlotte and Greensboro. US 29 is part of the state's
SHC initiative, though it is not an SHC within the vicinity of the proposed project.
US 601 extends in a north/south direc�ion through the state from the South Carolina border to juse
south of Virginia. It provides connection to several small towns, and larger urbanized areas such as
Monroe, ConcoYd, Kannapolis, and Salisbury.
NC 152 extends through China Grove on a relatively short route between US 52 and Mooresville.
There are several local routes in the DCIA that provide east/west connectiviry across I-85. These
include Lane Street, which has an interchange with I-85, and Old Beatty Ford Road, which does not
currently have an interchange with I-85.
Rail Facilities
I-85 crosses a railroad corridor owned by North Carolina Railroad just west of the US 29-601
interchange. Norfolk Southern Railways leases the railroad for freight services, and Amtrak uses the
railroad for passenger trains. Up to six passenger trains and 30 freight trains travel this section of the
railroad each day.
6. Water and Wastewater Utilities
Interviews with local planners indicated that municipalities within the DCIA provide water and
sewer services to areas within their jurisdiction. The exception is China Grove, which purchases
services from Salisbury. County areas outside the jurisdiction of the municipalities do not have water
28
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

and sewer services, but planners indicated that if there was extensive interest in development,
municipalities could be interested in accommodating it through extension of services.
According to the Ciry of Kannapolis, the Cit�T as a whole has capacity in water and sewer services to
serve future development for the next ten years. Future water improvements have been planned for
Lane Street, Brantley Road, and Centergrove Road. Sewer improvements are planned in the
Centergrove Road area.
The City of Concord was unable to provide existing or future capacity estimates.
G. Community Resources — Natural
The DCIA is within subbasins 03-07-04, 03-07-12, and 03-07-11 of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) hydrologic unit is 03040105020.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDW� classifies surface waters of the state
based on their intended best uses. There are several named water bodies within the DCIA and a
network of unnamed tributaries (LJTs). Named waters in the DCIA and their NCDWQ
classifications are listed below.
Stream
Classification
Irish Buffalo CYeek C
Threemile Branch C
Cold Water Creek C
UT to Cold Water Creek C
Cold Water CYeek (Lake Fisher) WS-N CA
Town Creek C
Class "C" waters are protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish and aquatic life
propagation and survival, agriculture and other uses suitable for class "C."
The project is within the Critical Area and Protected Area of a Water Supply Watershed. Waters
classified as "WS-IV" are used as sources of potable water and are also protected for Class "C" uses.
"WS-N" waters are generally in moderately to highly developed watersheds or Protected Areas. The
"CA" designation indicates a Critical Area. A Critical Area is the land adjacent to a water supply
intake where risk associated with pollution is greater than from remaining portions of the watershed.
It includes land within one-half mile upstream and draining to a river intake or within one-half mile
and draining to the normal pool elevation of water supply reservoirs.
Details on regulations associated with Class "C" and Class "WS-IV CA" waters are in Section III.E
of the ICE report.
No High Quality Waters (HQ�, Outstanding Resource Waters (OR�, or Wild and Scenic Rivers
occur within the DCIA.
29
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

North Carolina's 303(d) report is a comprehensive public accounting of all impaired waterbodies in
the state. NCDWQ's 2006 303(d) report revealed two 303(d) listed streams within the DCIA: Town
Creek and Irish Buffalo Creek. Town Creek is on the list because of impaired biological integrity�
most likely associated with urban runoff and storm sewers. Irish Buffalo Creek is listed because of
turbidity issues.
A Draft Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) was produced for the project in July 2007. A
brief summary is provided below. Refer to the ICE section of this report for further details.
• Terrestrial habitat includes Piedmont alluvial forest, mixed pine-hardwood forest, oak-hickory
forest, and urban / disturbed land. Urban / disturbed land is the most abundant habitat type.
• Habitat for federally protected species is present. Survey�s are recommended for Schweinitz's
sunflower (Helianthu.r .rchzveinit�ia) and Carolina heelsplitter (La.r7nigona decorata).
• One hundred jurisdictional streams (perennial and intermittent) and 57 jurisdictional wetlands
were delineated. The majority of the streams are unnamed tributaries.
• Impacts to waters, wedands, and terrestrial communities were not calculated because project
designs were not y=et available.
The proposed project is expected to impact important farmland soils as defined by the Natural
Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). These impacts are discussed in Section VI.H.
H. Crime, Safety, and Emergency Services
1. Bike and Pedestrian Crime and Safery Issues
Local planners voiced no specific concerns of community related crime and safety in the DCIA.
Lack of allotted space, lighting, and other special provisions for cyclists and pedestrians in the DCIA
presents some challenges for crime prevention and safety. Some areas near interchanges are more
well-lit than rural pares of the DCIA, such as the interchange area at US 29-601 and I-85. This
densely developed business area could provide some deterrent to crime because most areas along the
road receive light from nearby businesses and are within view of motorists; however, since there are
no bicycle lanes or sidewalks in this area, it would likely� be hazardous for both cyclists and
pedestrians. Less developed rural areas provide little protection for cyclists or pedestrians, especiall�
at night when visibility would be poor because of lack of lighting.
2. Police
Kannapolis, Concord, and China Grove have police deparrments that serve citi7ens within each
municipality's jurisdiction. Both Rowan and CabarYUS Counties have sheriff's offices that serve each
county's citizens through patrols, investigations, and numerous other services. There are no police
stations located within the DCIA.
30
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

3. Fire and Emergency Management
Fire and emergency management/medical services are provided in the DCIA through the
municipalities within and also through Cabarrus and Rowan Counties. There are no fire stations or
emergency management facilities within the DCIA.
I. Plans and Regulations
Municipalities within the DCIA as well as Cabarrus and Rowan Counties have published a mixture
of land use plans, transportation plans, and ordinances, some of which are combined or overlap in
study areas. An introduction to vaYious plans and resouYCes is provided below. More detailed
information on plans and zoning is located in the ICE section of this report.
Citv of Concord
The City of Concord approved the City of Concord Land U.re Plan on June 8, 2004. It was designed as a
10-year plan, but is subject to updates as needs arise (ww�v.ci.concord.nc.us).
The Center City Plan was developed to establish a set of strategies for the future redevelopment and
sustainabiliry of the e�sting neighborhoods that surround the downtown Concord area. Parts of the
northernmost portion of the Plan extend into the DCIA.
The City of Concord was a partner in development of the NC 73 Tran.rportation/Lctnd Use Corridor
Plan. The study area of the Plan includes the portion of NC 73 from I-85 in Concord and
Kannapolis to US 321 in Lincolnton; most of the Plan is outside the DCIA. West Kannapolis, which
is the title of the weseernmost corridor segment of the Plan, extends along NC 73 from Kannapolis
Parkway to I-85, where it overlaps the southernmost portion of the DCIA.
The City of Concord's Development Services Department has a Unified Development Ordinance.
The city also offers zoning information in map form through their Geographic Information Systems
site. Most of the DCIA within Concord jurisdiction is zoned as Commercial/Office, Mixed-Use, or
Residential.
City of Kanna�olis
The City of Kcznnapoli.r 20 �5 Land U.re Plan (�vww.ci.kannapolis.nc.us) was adopted on July 26, 2004.
The Plan is intended for management of future growth and development in the City's business
districts, neighborhoods, and communities.
The City of Kannapoli.r 20�5 Com�rehensive Plan discusses socioeconomics, urban setting, planning
related to land use, neighborhoods, transportation, communiry facilities, and other issues that
require analysis in order to plan for the future. This plan has not been adopted.
Kannapolis has a Unified Development Ordinance. Participating jurisdictions include the Cit�T of
Concord, Cabarrus County, City of Kannapolis, Town of Harrisburg, and Town of Mt. Pleasant.
Most zoning within the DCIA under Kannapolis jurisdiction is either Commercial/Office or
Residenrial.
31
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Town of China Grove
The Town of China Grove does not have an adopted land use plan. The Town has zoning districts
and a Unified Development Ordinance (Hobbs, Lindsey, 704-933-5990). The small portion of the
DCIA within China Grove jurisdiction is predominantly zoned as Industrial.
Cabarrus Countv
The Northave.riArea Plan (www.cabarruscounty.us) focuses on land use in one of the county's
planning areas adjacent to I-85. This Plan is a joint project of the City of Concord, Ciry of
Kannapolis, and the Cabarrus County Planning Department. The Plan includes a Future Land Use
Map and a Current Zoning Map. Most zoning in the DCIA that is within Cabarrus County is either
within the Concord or Kannapolis jurisdictions.
Rowan Countv
According to local planners, Rowan County has no land use or comprehensive plans available or in
progress for the county. Counry zoning within the DCIA includes Agriculture, and limited
Commercial/Office and Industrial.
Cabarrus/South Rowan Urban Area Metro�olitan Planning Organization
The 2000-2025 Long K�inge Transportation Plan (Benchmark, Inc., 2001) (www.ci.kannapolis.nc.us) is
represented by the Cabarrus/South Rowan Urban Area Metropolitan Planning Organization
(CRMPO), and includes cooperation of the Cities of Concord and Kannapolis; the Towns of China
Grove, Landis, and Harrisburg; Cabarrus Counry, Southern Rowan County, and the NCDOT. The
Plan addresses existing and future conditions regarding transportation demand, congestion
management, multimodal transportation, and other transportation related issues. According to a
CRMPO representarive, plan updates are in-progress.
J. Other Proposed or Recently Completed Projects in the Area
Interviews with local planners revealed several planned residential and business developments within
or near the DCIA.
Potential business development is expected at Old Beatry Ford Road and I-85 once the new
interchange is in place. There is interest from developers, though no firm proposals have been
presented.
Kannapolis planners said no known developments a�e planned within the DCIA in their area of
jurisdiction. More business development is anticipated on Dale Earnhardt Boulevard, and a
residential development called Fisher Lake Farms is expected on Lane Street near the DCIA. This
development will be a combination of approximately 90 single and multi-family residences, and
some mixed-use office and retail space.
Concord planners noted two residential developments near but outside of the southern portion of
the DCIA. A 50-lot single-family subdivision is expected on NC 73 just east of the DCIA, and a 99-
lot single-family subdivision is expected on Winecoff School Road east of the DCIA. Planners noted
32
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

a large company called Pre Gel has committed to the International Business Park at Concord, and
said a�600,000 grant has been received to construct Fortune Drive in the Park, which will open 117
acres for development.
VI. COMMUNITY IMPACT ANALYSIS
A. Community Impact Assessment Overview
The proposed project is expected to have some impacts on the community. Many impacts will be
limited because widening along the main I-85 corridor is expected to stay within e�sting right-of-
way. Most impacts will likely be associated with interchange construction.
Visual and aesthetic impacts are most likely to occur near the Old Beatty Ford Road interchange
since new construction there will remove existing vegetation and may change the viewshed of some
homeowners. The project could influence land use changes that would encourage transitions from
residential to business uses at some interchanges, and the development of vacant land for business
uses or mixed-use.
Noise impacts are expected from the project, as well as some residential and business displacements.
Some impacts may occur to minority or low-income persons. These impacts are not expected to be
disproportionately high when compared to impacts that other community residents may experience.
The project is expected to complement economic development and provide improved access for
rural Rowan County residents. Local bus services could be temporarily delayed during construction.
Bus stops may or may not be relocated, depending upon design plans.
There are numerous water resources within the DCIA. Impacts to these resources are expected,
though no estimates have been provided at this time because designs have not progressed far
enough.
B. Physical, Social and Psychological Aspects
1. Community Stability and Neighborhood Cohesion
The proposed project is not expected to separate or isolate existing communities, or cause
interruption in community cohesion.
Local planners were interviewed regarding the impact that the proposed interchange at Old Beatty
Ford Road could have on the area since it could bring additional development. This issue is further
explored in the ICE section of this reporr, but in general, planneYS agreed that the interchange was
not expectied to impact community stability or neighborhood cohesion since the area consists of
mostly widely scattered rural residential uses and does not appear to have a community atmosphere
or sense of cohesion.
2. Visual and Aesthetic Impacts
Visual and aesthetic impacts are expected mostly at interchange locations where new configurarions
may cause changes in the immediate area. The new interchange at Old Beatry Ford Road is likely to
33
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

bring the most visual and aesthetic impacts. Construction of the interchange is expected to require
removal of existing trees and other vegetation. Some nearby homeowners could perceive this as a
negative impact, especially if it results in views of the interchange or I-85 from their property.
3. Air Quality
An air quality analysis is in pYOgress for the project. Field observations indicate that improved traffic
efficiency in the area could result in reduced congesrion and improved air quality from reduced
idling time. Results of the air quality analysis will be included in the final version of the CIA/ICE if
provided in time.
4. Noise and Vibration
A highway� traffic noise/construction noise analysis is in progress for this project. Field
investigations for the CIA/ICE indicated that the project has the potential to cause noise impacts to
some businesses, homes, and community facilities. Of note are residential areas such as Myrtle
Goodnight Road, Railroad Drive, the northeast quadrant of Old Beatty Ford Road at I-85, Anchor
Way, the Havensbrook development off Winecoff School Road, Denbriar Road, and the Mistletoe
Ridge development. Examples of facilities that could be impacted include Covenant Classical School
and Foot of the Cross Church. Numerous businesses could incur impacts, especially those close to
interchanges. The noise analysis will provide specific details on noise impacts from the project.
5. Displacements/Relocation Impacts
Table 13 shows estimated displacements from the proposed project. A map of estimated
displacements is located in Appendix A. No displacements are anticipated along the main I-85
corridor since construction is intended to remain within e�sting right-of-way. The potential
displacements are focused at interchanges.
Table 13. Potential Business and Residential Displacernents
Displacement Type Number of Displacements
Residential Displacements 10
Business Displacements 2
Property acquisitions associated with the proposed project are subject to the Uniform Relocation
and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, as amended. The Act provides for uniform and
equitable treatment of persons displaced from their homes, businesses, non-profit associations, or
farms by federal and federally assisted programs, and establishes uniform and equitable land
acquisition policies.
34
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Relocation assistance payments and counseling will be provided to persons and businesses in
accordance with the Act to ensure adequate relocation and a decent, safe, and sanitary home for
displaced residents. All eligible displacees will be entitled to moving expenses. Benefits and services
will be provided equitably to all residential and business relocatees without regard to race, color,
religion, age, national origin, and disability as specified under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of
1964.
When relocation is necessary, it is the policy of the NCDOT to ensure that comparable replacement
housing will be available pYior to construction of state and federally assisted projects. The North
Carolina Board of Transportation has the following three programs to minimize the inconvenience
of relocation:
• Relocation Assistance
• Relocation Moving Payments
• Relocation Replacement Housing Payments or Rent Supplement.
C. Land Use Patterns and Compatibility
The project is expected to result in some land use changes. There could be limited transitions from
residential to business uses at interchanges. Vacant land is e�pected to draw business interests, in
particular land in the vicinity of Old Beatty Ford Road. These changes would alter existing land use
patterns overall from a more rural residential pattern to a more urban/mixed-use pattern.
D. Economic Conditions
The project is expected to complement economic conditions in the DCIA and beyond. Local
planners noted the importance of good transportation infrastructure in the area and believe the
project will contribute eo the economy through improved travel condirions and access.
Rowan County and CRMPO planners believe the interchange at Old Beatty Ford Road will provide
new opportunities that could enhance the economy. They anticipate mixed-use development in the
area and said that Old Beatty Ford Road could become a gateway to the North Carolina Research
Campus under construction in Kannapolis. Interest in new dev�lopment at this interchange could
have a positive affect on nearby� property values.
The project could result in negative impacts to some businesses if interchange reconfigurations
result in relocations. Specific information is not available at this time, but it is expected that at least
some businesses could incur economic hardship if they are relocated.
E. Mobility and Access
1. Neighborhood and Commercial Access
Access to residential areas in the DCIA is expected to be maintained during project const�uction.
Upon completion of the project, some changes in access are anticipated in these areas.
Reconstruction of the NC 152 / US 29-601 interchange includes connecting Myrtle Goodnight
35
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Road to NC 152 opposite the southbound ramp of the reconstructed interchange. This revision in
access to NC 152 is not expected to cause inconvenience to residents in the vicinity.
There will be improved access to I-85 for rural residents who use the Old Beatty Ford Road
interchange once the project is completed. Current access to I-85 for these residents involves use of
local roads to the nearest interchange, which would be NC 152 to the north or Lane Street to the
south. No other access issues for neighborhoods or residential areas are known at this time;
however, some may become apparent as project design progresses.
Business access in the DCIA is expected to be maintained during construction. Interchange
reconfigurations could cause some permanent changes in access, though there are not enough
design details available to be moYe specific about potential impacts. The US 29-601 interchange may
present special challenges because of tight spacing between existing roads and the density of
development in the area.
2. Pedestrian and Bicycle Access
Widening I-85 and reconstruction of existing interchanges is not expected to change access for
pedestrians or bicyclists. The new interchange at Old Beatry Ford Road is not anticipated to affect
access for pedestrians or bicyclists since they would not be expected to use I-85.
3. The Americans with Disabilities Act
There are no known special provisions on I-85 for persons with disabilities; widening the road is not
expected to change conditions for disabled persons. Most other roads in the DCIA do not appear to
offer special characteristics that would benefit disabled persons. The only observed sidewalk was on
the south side of Dale Earnhardt Boulevard. There is a small residential presence in this area and a
fairly large shopping area with restaurants and large retail stores. The sidewalk does not extend all
the way to the bridge over I-85. At this time, it is not known if the reconstructed interchange would
include sidewalks. If so, it may provide some improvements in access between residential and
shopping areas for persons with limited mobility. Connecting to the e�sting sidewalk is
recommended.
4. Public Transit
Some effects to the Rider bus system that serves Concord and Kannapolis could occur during
project construction or afterwards. The Red route extends along I-85 between US 29-601 and
NC 73 in the DCIA, and also along US 29-601 east of I-85. The Red route does not appear to have
any stops within the DCIA, but could incur temporary delays during project construction on I-85.
Post construction, it is expected that this route would benefit from the I-85 widening.
The Yellow route extends through Concord and Kannapolis, crossing I-85 on Main Street, which is
between Winecoff School Road and US 29-601. There are three stops on Main Street at the I-85
crossing. This crossing is south of the US 29-601 interchange at I-85. It is not expected that the
Yellow route would be impacted unless plans for interchange reconstruction include changes to
nearby roads. Should Main Street be included in project construction, bus stop locations could be
impacted.
36
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

F. Transportation Network
1. Change in Commuting Patterns
New access to I-85 at Old Beatty Ford Road is likely� to have the most notable effect on commuting
patterns. People who need to access I-85 from the west or east near this area would likely change
their commuting patterns to use Old Beatty Ford Road instead of NC 152 or Lane Street.
Local planners indicated Old Beatty Ford Road could influence commuting patterns in the future
because of access it will provide to the North Carolina Research Campus.
2. Travel Time
Widening of I-85 should improve travel time for local commuters as well as those traveling farther,
such as persons employed in the Charlotte area.
Local planners indicate that many commuters in Rowan County travel from the west to access I-85
at NC 152. Improvements to NC 152 and its interchanges at US 29-001 and I-85 could streamline
travel time for Rowan County commuters.
As Old Beatry Ford Road improves access to I-85, it should also improve travel time since it will
decrease the distance some commuters may travel to reach I-85 from local roads. This new
interchange may also relieve some congestion at the NC 152 and Lane Street interchanges, which
could result in eravel time savings.
Local planners expect improvements to NC 73 to influence commuring patterns because travelers
would use it as a bypass to I-77. Improvements at the NC 73 interchange with I-85 could
complement improvements to NC 73, which may result in some travel time savings.
3. Consistency with Thoroughfare Plan
The CRMPO's long range transportation plan includes a thoroughfare plan component The
proposed project is consistent with the thoroughfare plan, including its goals to enhance mobility by
improving connectiviry, and manage congestion through minimizing travel times and distances. The
proposed project is also consistent with thoroughfare plan recommendarions to widen I-85 to at
least eight lanes, improve the interchange at NC 152 and I-85, and provide a new interchange at Old
Beatty Ford Road and I-85.
G. Community Safety
1. Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety
The project is not expected to enhance safery for pedestrians or bicyclists since the focus is on
interstate widening and interchange construction.
37
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

2. Emergency Response
Emergency response rimes could improve if the project lessens congestion and improves overall
travel time in the DCIA. The interchange at I-85 and US 29-601 is part of a primary route to
Northeast Medical Center. Improvements to this interchange could enhance response times to the
hospital.
Better access may also improve emergency response times. The new interchange at Old Beatry Ford
Road could be positive for emergency responders in that area.
3. Vehicular Safety
The project could be beneficial to vehicular safety in the DCIA. According to the project's Draft
Purpose and Need Statement, the most frequent accident tyTpe along I-85 and at most interchanges
between July 1, 2001 and June 30, 2004 was rear end, slow or stop. Improvements in traffic flow and
increased capacity could help to reduce these types of accidents.
H. Farmland Impacts
It is anticipated that the proposed project will impact soils that are recognized as important
farmlands by the US Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
(ww�v.nc.nres.usda.gov/programs/ soilsurvey/primefarmland.html). Important farmlands include
three categories of soils: prime farmlands, unique farmlands, and statewide importance. Federal
agencies are directed to consider impacts to important farmlands under the Farmland Protection
Policy Act. State agencies are directed to consider impacts to farmlands under North Carolina
Executive Order 96, Pre.rervation of Prime Agricultural and Fore.rt Lands.
Farmland Conversion Impact Rating Forms for this project were sent to NRCS offices in Rowan
and Cabarrus Counties. Impacts to important farmland soils were estimated at 454.00 acr�s for
Cabarrus County and 332.76 acres for Rowan County. Potential areas of impact focused around
existing and proposed interchanges since widening of the main I-85 corridor is expected to stay
within current NCDOT rights-of-way. Broad areas were used for estimates since desi�m details were
not available. It is likely that the estimated impacts will be less than stated. The majority of important
farmland soils within potential areas of impact are not currently in farming operations. Finalized
Farmland Conversion Impact Rating Forms for both Cabarrus and Rowan Counties indicate that no
further coordination with the NRCS will be requir�d.
I. Impacts to Water Resources
Direct impacts to Waters of the U.S. are anticipated at various locations throughout the length of
project construction, including stream crossings and wetland areas located within or adjacent to the
existing NCDOT right-of-way. Since no design plans have been produced to date, impact
estimations have not been quantified. It is anticipated that water resources in the DCIA could incur
impacts related to sedimentarion and erosion, additional stormwater runoff, and streamside
vegetation removal. Adherence to sedimentation and erosion control guidelines and replanting of
streamside areas as soon as possible will be helpful in minimizing impacts.
38
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

J. Environmental Justice
1. Environmental Justice Regulation
Executive Order 12898, Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations
and Low-Income Populations, provides that "each federal agency make achieving environmental
justice part of its mission by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high and
adverse human health and environmental effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority
populations and low-income populations." Disproportionately high and adverse effects on minoriry
and low-income populations are defined as adverse effects that are:
• Predominantly borne by a minority population and/or low-income population, or
Will be suffered by a minority population and/or low-income population and are appreciably
more severe or greater in magnitude than the adverse effects that will be suffered by the non-
minority population and/or non-low-income population.
2. Affected Population
Some low-income areas were noted in the DCIA during field
investigations. They are in small pockets, such as groups of
mobile homes, and are also scattered in some rural areas.
Examples of low-income residential areas include mobile homes
on Rural Drive, ranch style homes on Knowles Street and Roxie
Street, mobile homes on Railroad Drive, homes on Cedar Ridge
Road, a mixture of mobile and stick built homes on SR 1235 off
Pine Ridge Road, homes near the northeast quadrant of I-85 and
Old Beatty Ford Road, and one home in the southwest quadrant
of I-85 and Brantley Road.
Noise and displacement impacts, among others, could be
associated with this project. It is anticipated that the project could
impact some low-income persons, though not necessarily more
than other residents in the area. Based upon field investigation
and opinion of local planners, the project is not expected to have
disproportionately high and adverse human health and
environmental effects on populations of minorities or low-income
persons.
VII. CIA CONCLUSIONS
.
� 4�
� --" � -�y�
��:. � ,',ti__:.—�s�1 .
...� . -_ - -
.�.� '� - -
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- _ . ; `= �.'.
- - -:=�
Low-income housing
examples within the DCIA.
The proposed project is expected to have both positive and negative impacts to the community.
Most impacts are anticipated to be associated with interchange areas since construction along the
main I-85 corridor is expected to remain within existing right-of-way.
A noise analysis has not yet been completed for the project but it is expected that there will be
impacts to some homes, businesses, and community facilities. Many properties are quite close to
39
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

I-85 and eXisting interchanges. Visual and aesthetic impacts could occur, especially in the vicinity of
the proposed Old Beatry Ford Road interchange.
Residential and business displacements are expected. Displacements are most likely to occur in the
vicinity of the interchanges to be constructed or reconstructed.
The project could cause temporary inconvenience to the local bus system during construction. In
addition, depending upon designs, a limited number of bus stops could be affected.
Impacts are expected to important farmland soils. These impacts will likely� be focused around
existing and proposed interchanges. Coordination has been conducted with the NRCS and no
further coordination with the agency is expected.
The project may impact minoriry and/or low-income persons. It is not expected to affect
populations of these persons, and the impacts are not anticipated to be disproportionately high
when compared to impacts other community residents may incur.
Impacts to Waters of the U.S. may require an Individual Permit from the USACE. Impact estimates
are not available at this rime, but may include waters within the Water Supply Watershed.
Some land use change is expected. Changes may include limited transitions from residential to
business uses at interchanges. In addition, vacant land is expected to draw business interests,
particularly near the Old Beatty Ford Road interchange.
The project could complement economic condirions in the DCIA. Local planners noted the
importance of good transportation infrastructure in the area and believe the project will contribute
to the economy through improved travel conditions and access. Some businesses could incur
economic hardship if they are relocated because of the project.
Access to I-85 will improve for rural residents who use the Old Beatry Ford Road interchange.
Current access to I-85 for these residents involves use of local roads to the nearest interchange,
which would be NC 152 to the north or Lane Street to the south.
VIII. CIA RECOMMENDATION5
Noise impacts from a community perspective may require further assessment. This can be
determined when the noise analysis has been completed.
Appropriate assistance is recommended for residents and business owners who may be displaced.
Coordination with the Rider bus system is recommended regarding expected delays during
construction and bus stop reloca�ions (if any will occur).
40
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

QUALITATIVE INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
I. INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS �ICE) METHODOLOC�Y
The Council on Environmental Quality describes indirect impacts as those "that are caused by the
action and are later in time or farther removed in distance, but are still reasonably foreseeable"
(40 CFR 1508.8). Cumulative effects are "impacts on the environment which result from the
incremental impact of the action when added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable
future actions regardless of what agency (federal or nonfederal) or person undertakes such other
actions" (40 CFR 1508.7). This section of the report addresses indirect and cumulative effects that
could occur as a result of the proposed project and other projects nearby.
Local perspective on the proposed project was gained through interviews with planners from Rowan
County, CRMPO, Concord, Kannapolis, and China Grove.
Field data collecYion occurred on April 3-5, 2007 and May 15, 2007. Available written maeerials weYe
obtained through local government websites, local planners, and other sources.
The study timeframe for the proposed project is 20 years. This timeframe was chosen based upon
available projections in long range planning documents, the North Carolina State Data Center, and
information from local planners.
II. ICE STUDY AREA DESCRIPTIONS
A. Future Land Use Study Area and Old Beatty Ford Road Growth Impact Area
The study area for indirect and cumulative effects generally represents the area within which the
potenrial indirect effects of a project, plus the potential cumularive effects of a project and all other
e�sting proposed projects and plans in the area, may occur. Factors to consider in deftning the
boundary include the availability of developable land and infrastructure, properties with restrictions
on development, areas where the proposed project could result in travel time savings, and areas
where the cumulative impacts of this and other area projects could occur. Guidcznce forA.r.re.r.ring
Indirect and Cu�nulative I�npact.r of Tran.r�ortation Project.r in North Carolina (North Carolina Department of
Transportation/Department of Environment and Natural Resources, November 2001) was used as
a reference in development of the study area boundary, or Future Land Use Srudy Area (FLUSA).
The FLUSA boundary (Figure 4) was chosen based upon consultation with the NCDOT Human
Environment Unit, and review of land use patterns, travel routes, and access. The northern
boundary terminates where I-85 was widened under TIP Project No. I-2511.
In addition to the FLUSA, another study area, called the Old Beatry Ford Road Impact Area, was
used to assess indirect and cumulative effects in better detail in the Old Beatty Ford Road area. This
area is markedly different from other parts of the project because it is not simply widening or
reconstruction, but consists of constructing a new interchange where land use could be affected to a
greater degree than in other parts of the project. The Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area (Figure 4)
is discussed as appropriate in various sections of the ICE study.
41
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

B. Extended Demographic Area (EDA)
The Extended Demographic Area (EDA) represents demographic trends of the FLUSA. It includes
the following census block groups (Figure 4).
Rowan Countv
Census Tract 514 Block Groups 1, 2, 4
Census Tract 517 Block Groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Cabarrus Countv
Census Tract 406 Block Group 1
Census Tract 407 Block Groups 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
Census Tract 409 Block Group 1
Census Tract 411 Block Groups 1, 2, 3, 4
�
A.
Census Tract 516 Block Group 2
Census Tract 412 Block Group 3
Census Tract 424 Block Groups 1, 2, 3
Census Tract 425 Block Group 2
STUDY AREA DIRECTION AND GOALS
Regional Location Influences and Implications
Table 14 compares the growth of the EDA to the state and Rowan and Cabarrus Counries between
1990 and 2000. Growth in the EDA was higher than in Rowan County and comparable to the state;
however, it was less than growth in Cabarrus County.
Areas in the EDA with some of the laYger increases in growth were in Cabarrus County, including
Tract 424 Block Group 1 and Tract 425 Block Group 2, both of which are along NC 73 east of I-85,
and Tract 411 Block Group 2, which is west of I-85 and includes Winecoff School Road.
Table 14. Regional Population Growth Trends 1990-2000
1990 Total 2000 Total Population Percent
Population Population Change 1990-2000
North Carolina 6,628,637 8,049,313 21.4%
Rowan County 110,605 130,340 17.8%
Cabarrus County 98,935 131,063 32.5%
Extended Demographic Area 36,300 44,269 22.0%
Source: US Census Bureau - Census 1990 STF 1 Table P001, Census 2000 SF1 Table P1
42
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 4
44
I-85 �'idening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and l�Iultiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & 8-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counries, North Carolina

Table 15 shows North Carolina State Data Center population growth trends and projections
between 1990 and 2030 for Rowan and Cabarrus Counties and the state. Cabarrus County shows the
highest projected growth, with a gradual decline by decade unti12030. In contrast, Rowan County
shows a notable decline, with growth at 10 percent or less in three of the four decades. Growth
statewide is expected to outpace Rowan County but be slower than that of Cabarrus County.
Table 15. County and State Population Growth Trends and Projections 1990-2030
Rowan Co. Cabarrus Co.
Rowan Cabarrus North NC Growth
Year Growth by Growth by
County County Carolina by Decade
Decade Decade
1990 110,605 98,934 6,632,448 1990-2000 1990-2000 1990-2000
17.8% 32.5% 21.3%
2000 130,340 131,063 8,046,813 2000-2010 2000-2010 2000-2010
7.0% 28.8% 16.2%
2010 139,427 168,850 9,349,175 2010-2020 2010-2020 2010-2020
10.0% 24.0% 14.6%
2020 153,310 209,424 10,709,704 2020-2030 2020-2030 2020-2030
2030 167,457 253,660 12,090,086 9•2% 21.1% 129%
Source: North Carolina State Data Center, Counry Population Growth 1990-2000, 2000-2010, 2010-2020,
2020-2030
Note: Counts and percentages for 1990 and 2000 are cliffeYent in Tables 14 and 15; however, the
figures are similar and likely a result of the different data sources and collection methods.
B. Demographic and Employment Trends
Population trends in the FLUSA may tend towards more robust growth locally than NC State Data
Centier projections indicatie. Plans for the North Carolina Research Campus in Kannapolis were
announced in 2005, and the effects of this campus on demographic and employment trends are
expected to be notable. Construction for the campus is anticipated to be ongoing between 2007 and
2012. More than 100 biotechnology companies are expected to make the campus home, which will
also house res�arch laboratories for several universities. Local planners expect more than 35,000
jobs to be created either on campus or off-campus as a result of the project. The campus will likely
bring many new workers and their families to the area.
C. Transportation Plans and Proposed Projects
The NC 73 Transportation�Land U.re Corridor Plczn includes NC 73 from I-85 in Cabarrus County to
US 321 in Lincoln Counry. The westernmost segment of the Plan, entitled West Kannapolis, extends
along NC 73 from Kannapolis Parkway to I-85 and is under the jurisdiction of the City of
45
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Kannapolis. The Plan calls for a four-lane suburban boulevard typology in this segment and a posted
speed limit of 35 miles per hour.
The 2000-2025 Long K�inge Tran.rportation Plan addresses transportation planning for the
Cabarrus/South Rowan Urban Area (CSRUA). The CSRUA includes five municipalities: Concord,
Kannapolis, China Grove, Landis, and Harrisburg. It encompasses the I-85 corridor in Cabarrus and
southern Rowan Counties. The Plan estimates that travel from outside the study area will increase
56 percent between 2000 and 2025. Much of this travel will be on I-85. The following goals were
developed based on a transportation survey and direct public input: develop an efficient street and
highway network for the CSRUA, develop a local thoroughfare system that minimizes traffic
congestion, promote development of an integrated bicycle and pedestrian network, support efforts
to improve mobility for urban area residents, and develop a transportation system which preserves
and enhances natural and built environments.
Table 16 presents NCDOT 2007-20�3 Tran.rj�ortation I�nproveynentProgram projects proposed in the
vicinity of the I-85 widening in Cabarrus and Rowan Counties. Figure 1 shows select TIP projects.
Table 16. 2007-2013 TIP Projects
County Project Description
Rowan B-4809 Replace Bridge No. 221 over Lake Fisher.
Rowan U-3803 US 29A, realign intersection of NC 152 and SR 1337.
Rowan I-2511 US 29-601 Connector (E�t 68) to north of SR 2120 (E�t 81). Rehabilitate
bridges and widen to eight lanes.
Rowan I-3610 US 29 and NC 152 (Exit 68). Interchange revision.
Rowan I-3804 SR 1221 (Old Beatty Ford Rd.). Construct interchange at I-85.
Cabarrus/Rowan I-3802 I-85 from NC 73 in Cabarrus Co. to US 29-601 Connector in Rowan Co.
Cabarrus U-3415 SR 1394 (I'oplar Tent Rd.), SR 1445 (Derita Rd.) to US 29-601 Bypass. Widen
to mulri-lanes.
Cabarrus U-2009 Kannapolis Parkway, south of I-85 to SR 1616 (Tuckasseegee Rd.) Multi-lanes
on new location.
Cabarrus R-2246 Concord-Kannapolis, Kannapolis Parkway Bypass Extension, NC 49 to south
of I-85. Widen to four lanes divided, some new location.
Cabarrus B-4050 Replace Bridge No. 30 over Irish Buffalo Creek.
Cabarrus B-3540 Replace Bridge No. 44 on Mount Olivet Road over Three Mile Branch.
Cabarrus B-5000 Replace Bridge No. 151 on Burrage Rd. over Three Mile Branch.
Source: 2007-20 �3 I ran.rportation Inzj�rovement 1'rogra�n
46
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

D. Local Land Use Plans, Future Land Use, and Zoning
The proposed project extends through several areas with land use plans. Relevant information from
the plans is provided below. Zoning is in place to help regulate development proposals and ensure
citizen welfare. GeneYalized zoning is presented on Figures 5a-5c.
City of Concord
City of Concord Land U.re Plan
The City of Concord Land U.re Plan was approved in 2004 with an expected planning horizon of ten
years; however, updates will address changing needs and emerging trends, which may extend this
horizon. Mixed-use Districts and Village Centers are key elements of the Plan, encouraging
development that reduces daily vehicle-miles of travel by crearing compact, pedestrian-oriented
development. Mixed-use Districts are proposed at major intersections, primarily along existing or
planned transit routes. There are three Mixed-use Nodes along the I-85 project corridor: Davidson
Highway (NC 73) at I-85, Concord Parkway North (CJS 29) at I-85, and Copperfield Boulevard
(Dale Earnhardt Boulevard interchange). No Village Centers are along or adjacent to the I-85
corridor. The Mixed-use Nodes are described below.
Davidson Highwa`� at I-85 includes Exit 55 and the surrounding properry, including the
International Business Park. This node consists of single-family subdivisions, commercial
establishments, and an industrial area. Davidson Highway is a major thoroughfare connecting
Concord to Davidson and Huntersville. Large tracts of underutilized or undeveloped land,
particularly in the International Business Park, characterize the area. Future land use in the Davidson
Highway and I-85 Node is expected to emphasize commercial development and business offices.
ConcoYd Parkwav North at I-85 is at Exit 58. This node is already a mixed-use area, with the two
primary uses being the Northeast Medical Center and Carolina Mall. Other medical offices are
present, as well as several commercial uses, a single-family residential neighborhood, and
apartments. This node is mostly developed, but in the future is expected to continue with an
emphasis on commercial and office at the core and multi-family housing at the periphery.
The Co�erfield Boulevard Node includes Copperfield Boulevard from Branchview Drive north to
I-85 at Exit 60. The headquarters of Concord Telephone Company are located here, as well as
medical offices, a Super Wal-Mart, and other big-box retail uses. There is a great deal of vacant
property in this node that will continue to be developed as primarily commercial and office uses.
Future land use may also include limited multi-family residential uses.
Center City Plan
The Center City Plan was developed to establish a set of strategies for the future redevelopment and
sustainability of the existing neighborhoods that surround the Ciry of Concord's downtown area. It
is separated into 14 neighborhoods, one of which is near the proposed project. The Northgate
neighborhood is adjacent to I-85 and US 29-601. Northgate is home to some of the City�'s key
services and shopping, Northeast Medical Center, and Carolina Mall. Northgate is part of the
previously discussed Concord Parkway North at I-85 Mixed-use Node. Future plans for this
47
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

neighborhood include expansion of services by Northeast Medical Center, a bus transfer station near
Carolina Mall and the medical center, creating more pedestrian connections, and improving
aesthetics by such activities as burying overhead power lines and adding additional landscaping.
City of Kanna�olis
City of Kr�nnapoli.r 2095 Lclnd U.re Plan
The City of Kc�nnapolis 20 �5 Land U.re Plan was created to establish guidelines for development of the
physical landscape of the City and its growth areas, and to provide a decision-making tool for elected
and/or appointed officials. In the short term, the City's primary focus will be the pursuit of
economic development to increase the commercial/industrial base and local job availability. In the
long term, the City will study future growth areas and develop long-range strategies for development
and annexation as appropriate, and may� pursue extension of water, sewer or other proprietary
interests outside City limits. The City of Kannapoli.r 20�5 Land U.re Plan is separated into eight planning
areas. Five of these areas are adjacent to the I-85 widening corridor.
The Coddle Creek Planning Area includes the interchange of Kannapolis Parkway and I-85, as well
as one of the region's major east-west corridors, NC 73 (Davidson Highway). The southern portion
of this planning area, which is closest to I-85, is focused on business development. Other parts of
the planning area are being developed as high-end housing. The northern portion is largely
agricultural land and it is anticipated that this area will undergo substantial development pressure.
The South Kanna�olis Planning Area includes two I-85 interchanges: US 29-601 (Cannon
Boulevard), and Dale Earnhardt Boulevard. Areas near Cannon Boulevard, South Main Street, and
Dale Earnhardt Boulevard are expected to continue developing as retail and small-scale non-
residenrial uses. Most of the remaining South Kannapolis Planning Area is either residenrial or
undeveloped.
Bounded by Dale Earnhardt Boulevard and Centergrove Road to the south, I-85 to the east, Lane
Street to the north, and Cannon Boulevard to the west, the East Kanna�olis Planning Area has two
water supply reservoirs: Lake Concord, and Lake Fisher. This planning area includes the eastern
edge of the Cannon Boulevard retail commercial corridor and the southern edge of the Lane Street
mixed-use corridor. Lane Street is developed as mostly single-family housing; however, a large
number of these structures are being converted to office/low intensiry commercial uses. Other parts
of ehis planning area include mostly single-family residential development.
The North Kanna�olis Planning Area is bounded by Lane Street to the south, a railroad to the west,
the City and extra-territorial jurisdiction (ETJ) limits to the north, and Lake Fisher to the east. This
planning area contains the NoYth Cannon Boulevard commercial corridor, which the Ciry considers
to be a fragile economic area. Almost no new construc�ion or redevelopment initiatives have
occurred along this thoroughfare and many sites are deteriorating as they sit vacant or have high
tenant turnover. The neighborhoods surrounding this corridor are in decline as well. Fieldcrest
Cannon Stadium is located at the eastern edge of this planning area. The ETJ area is mostlyT
developed as low density residential.
48
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 5a
50
I-85 �X'idening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Ro�Tan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 5b
52
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro`-ements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Ro�-an and Cabarrus Counries, North Carolina

Back of Figure 5c
54
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

The Eastern Growth Area is composed largely of land currently not within the planning and zoning
jurisdiction of the City of Kannapolis. It is located mostly east of I-85. In cooperation with City of
Concord officials, the area is being reserved for future Kannapolis growth. The key factor in
development of this eastern area is the maximization of the Lane Street/I-85 interchange and
associated water/sewer availability. In the vicinity of the Lane Street/I-85 interchange a mix of
commercial and light industrial land uses are proposed. Most other areas are proposed as single-
family residential.
City of Kannapoli.r 2095 Co�nprehen.rive Plan
In 2002 the City of Kannapolis initiated the City of Kannapoli.r 2015 Conaprehen.rive Plan. The Plan
covers e�sring socio-economic factors, existing urban setring, provides a summary of other relevant
plans, and discusses issues, conflicts, and opportunities. Most of the land use topics predate the City
of Kannapoli.r 20 �S Land U.re Plan, which was adopted in 2004; therefore, the Comprehensive Plan
land use information will not be presented here.
Town of China Grove
The Town of China Grove does not have a land use plan. Zoning districts and a Unified
Development Ordinance are in place. Generalized zoning within the FLUSA is mostly residential or
industrial.
Cabarrus Countv
North�ve.rtArea Plan
Cabarrus County is divided into several planning areas. Planning areas adjacent to the I-85 widening
corridor include Northwest Area, Concord, Kannapolis, and Central Area. Of these, a plan is
available for the Nortihwest Area, which is west of I-85 and includes NC 73. The Northaare.rtArec� Plan
shows proposed future land use adjacent to I-85 near the NC 73 interchange as Employmenti. Areas
just north of the interchange are proposed as residential.
Rowan Countv
According to local planners, Rowan County has no land use or comprehensive plans available or in
progress. There is a special zoning district in Rowan County north of NC 152 adjacent to I-85. The
I-85 Economic Development District (Figure 5c) is intended to preserve, encourage, and enhance
economic development opportunities in areas adjacent to and near I-85. Uses may include,
depending upon the type of district, manufacturing, distribution, r�tail, service industries, and higher
level land development than may be allowed in other general zoning districts. Zoning around the
proposed Old Beatty Ford Road interchange is Agriculture.
E. Environmental Regulations
The FLUSA contains Class "C" and Class "WS-IV CA" waters. There are no restrictions on
watershed development or types of discharges for Class "C" waters. There are no restrictions on
domestic or industrial discharges in "WS-IV CA" waters. Two dwelling units per acre or 24 percent
built-upon area is allowed for low density development. A high density option allows 24 to 50
55
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

percent built-upon area, which is required to control the one-inch storm. No new landfills are
allowed, and agriculture best management practices are required.
Areas outside of the CA boundary that are within the Protected Area of the Water Supply
Watershed have the same low density development requirements as CA areas, however, high density
development is allowed 24 to 70 percent built upon area, and is required to control the one-inch
storm. Landfills are allowed, and agriculture best management practices are not required. The 10/70
Provision is allowed in the Protected Area. This provision allows local government to use 10 percent
of the non-critical area of a watershed within its jurisdiction for new development and expansions to
existing development up to 70 percent built upon area without stormwater control. This is allowed if
using the low density oprion throughout the remainder of the watershed. A 100-foot buffer is
required along all perennial streams where the 10/70 Provision is used.
There are no High Quality Waters (HQ�, Outstanding Resource Waters (OR�, or Wild and
Scenic Rivers in the FLUSA. Town Creek and Irish Buffalo Creek are 303(d) streams.
The project may require authorization under a USACE IP. The USACE determines final permit
requirements under the statutory provisions of Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404. A CWA
Section 401 Water Quality Certification will be required.
Scoping response comments from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission indicate
there will be no moratorium requirements for in-wateY woYk associated with bridge constYUCtion.
Appropriate measures to avoid spillage of construction materials and control Yunoff may include a
sedimentation and erosion control plan, provisions for disposal and handling of waste materials and
storage, stormwater management measures, appropriate road maintenance measures, and adherence
to NCDOT's Be.ri Manc�gement Practices for Protection of Surface i�ater.r.
Point source dischargers must comply with the Narional Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systiem
(NPDES). There are no known concerns regarding NPDES compliance near the proposed project.
IV. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES
Notable features in the FLUSA are shown on Figures 6a-6c. Information on notable features was
collected through a variety� of inethods, including research of Internet databases and review of the
Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) for the project.
A. Natural Communities, Water Resources and Wetlands
The FLUSA contains a mixture of forested areas, agricultural fields, and built-upon land. During
field studies for tihe project NRTR, investigators observed four terr�strial communities: Piedmont
alluvial forest, mixed pine-hardwood, oak-hickory forest, and maintained/disturbed land.
Maintained/disturbed land was most prevalent, followed by mixed pine-hardwood forest.
A summary of named waters within the FLUSA and their classifications is provided in Table 17.
Environmental regulations applicable to these waters is presented in Section III.E. Figures 6a-6c
shows the results of a Geographic Information Sy�stems (GIS) search for National Wetlands
Inventorv wetlands in the FLUSA.
56
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

The NRTR indicates that researchers delineated a substantial number of streams and wetlands. The
wetlands are located along I-85 both east and west of the interstate, and are shown in detail in the
NRTR. None of the delineated wetlands are considered to be High Quality Resources.
Table 17. Named Streams and Classifications in the FLUSA
Stream Classification
Afton Run C
Irish Buffalo CYeek C
Threemile Branch C
Cold Water Creek C
UT to Cold Water Creek C
UT to Cold Water Creek (Lake Concord) WS-IV CA
Edgison Lake C
Cold Water Creek (Lake Fisher) WS-IV CA
Town Creelc C
Source: North Carolina Center for Geographic Information Analysis and
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
B. Federally-Protected Species and Natural Heritage Elements
Natural resources investigators assessed the proposed project for tihe presence of federally-protected
species or their habitats. Their investigations did not cover the entire FLUSA. The results of the
natural resources investigation regarding federally-protected species is provided below. Additional
information follows that shows the results of a GIS review of the FLUSA conducted as part of the
ICE assessment.
Natural Resources Technical Re�ort Results
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered, Threatened oY proposed as such are
protected under Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. Table 18 lists
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) protected species for Rowan and/or Cabarrus
Counties. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) map reviews confirmed that neither
species has been identified within a one-mile radius of the project. The bald eagle was previously
listed in Cabarrus and Rowan Counties, but was delisted in June 2007. Species identified as
Endangered, Threatened, or Special Concern (SC) by the state of Narth Carolina are afforded state
protection under the State Endangered Species Act and the North Carolina Plant Protection and
Conservation Act of 1979. State protected species are discussed in the NRTR.
57
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 18. Federally-Protected Species for Cabarrus and/or Rowan Counties
Common Name Scientific Name Federal giological Conclusion
Status
Carolina heelsplitter La.rmigona decorata Endangered Unresolved, survey
recommended
Schweinitz's sunflower Heliccnthu.r .rchzveinit�ii Endangered Unresolved, survey
recommended
Source: Mulkey, Inc., DraftNatural l�e.rource.r Technical Beport, TIP ProjectNo.r. I-3802, I-3690, �' B-3039.
GIS Review
A GIS records review revealed NCNHP element occurrences within the FLUSA. The occurrences
are shown on Figures 6a-6c and listed in Table 19.
The Carolina darter is recorded south of NC 73 in Afton Run. Two populations of Carolina birdfoot
trefoil are recorded: one adjacent to NC 73 and one near Dale Earnhardt Boulevard. The three-
ranked didymodon is recorded near Old Beatry Ford Road.
Table 19. Natural Heritage Element Occurrences
Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status State Status
Carolina darter-Central Federal Species of
Ftheostolna colli_r pop. 1 Special Concern
Piedmont Population Concern
Carolina birdfoot trefoil Lotu.r helleri Federal Species of Significantly Rare-
Concern Throughout
Significandy Rare-
Three-ranked didymodon Didy�odon tophaceu.r None
Other
Source: North Carolina Natural Heritage Program database.
C. Architectural Features and Historic Sites
In compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, an
investigation was conducted to review potential properties eligible for the National Register of
Historic Places. Records weYe reviewed at the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office
(SHPO) for historic sites within the FLUSA eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, on
the National Register, or on the Study List. Findings are provided below and sites are shown on
Figures 6a-6c.
58
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 6a
60
I-85 �X'idening from NC 73 to LTS 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Intercl�ange Impro�-ements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Back of Figure 6b
62
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & 8-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

` ��
;� `� •t
�
'.�;1
�°_�* � -
<,�;,':;�
� �
' ,� � _;
--��;.. " _
�

Back of Figure 6c
64
I-85 Widening from NC i 3 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Mulriple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Site Name, Number Location Status
Goodman Farm, CA 1055
Blake House, CA 444
John Crawford Hileman
House, CA 430
G. & Wm. Long Farm,
CA 476
China Grove Roller Mill,
RW 48
West of and adjacent to I-85 south of
Winecoff School Road.
Eligible for National
Register
North of NC 73 near I-85 interchange. Eligible for National
Register
West of Lake Fisher.
East of I-85 south of Lane Street.
In China Grove south of W. Church
Street.
Study List
Study List
National Register
SHPO records were also reviewed for recorded archaeological sites within the FLUSA. Three sites
with limited information were located (Figures 6a-(c). One site was surveyed but no information
was available. A second site indicated a need for a survey, but no additional information was
provided. A third site was listed as unnamed and needing a survey. Other archaeological sites in the
area were listed as needing no further work, and are not discussed in this report.
D. Solid Waste Facilities and Superfund Sites
A GIS records search revealed no hazardous substance disposal areas or Superfund sites in the
FLUSA. A geotechnical report for the project was not available at the time of this writing.
V. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS
Identifying the types of impact-causing activities a project may entail can help to conceptualize
potien�ial effects. These activities can be viewed as potential catalysts for indirect and/or cumulative
effects. General types of impact-causing activities are shown in Table 20, along with comments
pertinent to the proposed project.
Develo�ment Trends
Trends in the FLUSA are expected to continue in a business development direction because of th�
proximity to I-85. Some transitioning from residential to business uses is expected, and some mixed-
use areas could serve both business and residential needs.
Residential development targeted at employees of the North Carolina Research Campus is also
expected. An interview with a planning representative of the Town of China Grove indicated that
developers are potentially interested in constructing more than 1,000 homes within the Town's
jurisdiction to serve the research campus. This potential development is notable, as current housing
stock in the Town is at approximately 1,700 units. Other communities convenient to the research
campus could expect similar development interests, including those in the vicinity= of the Old Beatty
Ford Road Impact Area.
65
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 20. Potential Impact-Causing Activities
Activity Comments
Potential exists for alteration of hydrology from the addition of
Modificarion of Regime (alterarion
impervious surfaces and the disturbance of streams and wetlands. Most
of habitat, flora, hydrology, etc.)
habitat alteration is expected to occur in already disturbed areas.
Land TYansformation & Construction and support services are expected to follow best
Construction (construction method, professional practices to protect area resources. Special care is
ancillary elements) recommended in the Water Supply Watershed.
Limited cut and fill is expected along the main I-85 corridor. Some cut
Resource Extraction (excavation and
dredging)
and fill activities are anticipated at interchanges. No dredging is
expected.
Processing (storage of supplies) No conflicts anticipated.
Land Alteration (landscaping, Frosion control will be necessary and is of importance particularly in
eYOSion control) the Water Supply Watershed.
Resource Renewal Activities
(remediation, reforestation) No issues are anticipated.
The Old Beatry Ford Road interchange is expected to alter local traffic
Changes in Traffic (traffic patterns
patt�rns because of new access. This interchange is eXpected to draw
on project and adjoining facilities)
travelers from interchanges north and south of Old Beatry Ford Road.
Waste Emplacement (landfill, waste
No issues are anticipated.
discharge)
Chemical treatments associated with plantiing roadside and interchange
Chemical Treatment (fertilization,
areas have potential to affect streams and wetlands in the area. Best
deicing)
professional practices are expected to protect area resources.
Changes in access are expected that may encourage development in the
Access Alteration (changes in access,
Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area, and may reduce travel times
circulation, travel times)
because of convenience in accessing I-85.
Resource: North Carolina Department of Transportation & NC Department of Environment and Natural
Resources. November 2001. Guidance forA.r.re.r.ring Indirect and Cu�nulative I�act.r of Tran.rpartation Project.r in North
Carolina: Tlolume.r I and II.
Other Project-S�ecific In�ut
A Purpose and Need Statement for the project is in progress. A Citizens Informational Workshop is
planned for Fall 2007.
Three feasibility studies were conducted for different parts of the project. A summary is given
below.
66
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Fea.ribility Study, Inter.rtate 85 fra�n NC 73 in Cabarru.r Caunty to US 29-601 in Ko�aran Ca��nty, I-3802.
This study recommends an eight-lane divided cross section on I-85 with 12-foot travel lanes,
10-foot paved inside shoulders, and 12-foot paved outside shoulders. All improvements are
recommended to be contained within existing right-of-way. Conversion of the US 29-601
interchange in Kannapolis from a cloverleaf to a single-point diamond is also recommended.
No residential or business relocations were anticipated.
Fea.ribility Study, Propo.red Nezv Interchange at I-85 c�nd Sl� �221 (Old Beatty Ford l�oad), I-3804. This
study recommends a half-cloverleaf design for the north side of the proposed interchange. Old
Beatty Ford Road is recommended for a three-lane shoulder section with eight-foot shoulders.
Six residential relocations were anticipated.
Fea.ribility Study, Propo.red Inierchange l�evi.rion.r, I-85, US 60�, US 29, NC �52, I-36�0 and B-3039.
This study recommends removing the existing raised median through the I-85 interchange area
and utilizing existing pavement as much as possible. It includes revision of the existing
interchange at NC 152 and US 29 and the addition of a northbound on-ramp and a southbound
off-ramp at the existing half-diamond interchange at NC 152 and I-85. The study includes
reconstruction of Bridge No. 34 and connecting Myrtle Goodnight Road to NC 152 opposite
the southbound on-ramp. The suggested cross section for NC 152 is a five-lane shoulder
section from just east of the interchange area to the Southern Railway bridge, where the
pavement would taper to a four-lane secrion. The study anticipated six residential relocations
and one business relocation.
VI. POTENTIAL FOR INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
According to Guidance forA.rse.r.ring Indirect and Cu�nulcztive I�npact.r of Tran.rportation Project.r in North
Carolina, several factors are taken into consideration when evaluating the potential for indirect and
cumulative impacts, and to determine if further analysis is warranted. Examples may include whether
a project conflicts with local planning, whether it serves economic and/or specific development
purposes, if the project could stimulate complementary development, and how the project could
affect natural features. The following is an assessment of these factors as they� relate to the proposed
project.
Conflict with Local Plan
County, municipal, and CRMPO planners anticipate no project conflicts with local planning. The
project is expected and included in local planning documents.
Explicit Economic Development Purpose
The project's Purpose and Need states no explicit economic development purpose; however, local
planners believe the project will contribute to the economy by providing better infrastructure and
new access to I-85 and the North Carolina Research Campus.
Planned to Serve Specific Development
The project's Purpose and Need does not include serving specific development.
67
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Stimulation of Complementary Land Development
Stimulation of complementary land development is most likely to occur when projects are located
near interchanges in rural areas, where property values were originally low. Typical types of
development may include highway-oriented businesses such as gas stations, rest stops, and hotels.
Complementary development can occur in urban and suburban areas as well, and is more likely to be
associated with a greater proportion and mix of higher density uses.
Complementary development from this project is most likely� to occur in the Old Beatry Ford Road
Impact Area. There is undeveloped land mixed with residential development on Old Beatty Ford
Road east and west of I-85. A 20-acre parcel and a 27-acre parcel are advertised for sale on Old
Beatty Ford Road east of the proposed interchange. Local planners said there has been some interest
in business development in this area, and they believe it could serve as a gateway to the North
Carolina Research Campus, which may encourage some mixed-use development. Generalized
zoning in the vicinity of the proposed interchange is currently Agriculture. It is expected that the
counry would be favorable to requests for zoning changes in the area.
Influence on Intraregional Land Development Location Decisions
Typically, if a region is undergoing urbanization or conditions are favorable for development,
improvements in transportation infrastructure can influence where development is most likely to
occur. Construction of the North Carolina Research Campus combined with improvements in
infrastructure through the new interchange in the Old Beatt�T Ford Road Impact Area ma�� have
some influence on intraregional development location, both for business and residential uses.
Notable Features in the Impact Area
Water resources will likely be the most affected notable feature within the FLUSA. The potential for
indirect and cumulative effects to these resources is discussed below.
Streams and wetlands could potentially be impacted by the proposed project and by induced
development. Effects could include increased impervious surface area, which would increase the
amount of stormwater runoff into streams. This can introduce pollutants that could affect water
qualiry and negatively impact filter feeding species that would be sensitive to increased
sedimentation. Reduced water quality can over time cause a change in species richness and diversity.
Cumularive effects could also impact drinking water supplies. Development limitations in the Water
Supply Watershed Critical Area will offer some protection; however, there are stream reaches in the
vicinity of Old Beatty Ford Road and Lane Street that flow into the Critical Area but are not within
it. These streams are within the Protected Area of the watershed, which has less stringent
requirements for, among other things, high density development.
VII. ANALYSIS OF INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
Change in Accessibility (Travel Time Savings)
Several aspects of the project are likely to affect access and travel time savings. Widening I-85 is
expected to reduce congestion, which should improve travel time for all users, but particularly rush
68
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

hour commuters. Local planners said High Occupancy Vehicle lanes are under study that could be
implemented with the widening. This is expected to encourage more group commutes, which should
lessen congestion and save travel time.
Land in the vicinity of the Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area is not currently easily accessible fYOm
I-85. The proposed interchange would improve access to this land. The Old Beatty Ford Road
interchange is anticipated to benefit commuters who could use it to access I-85. This should reduce
travel distance for these commuters, which could result in travel time savings. Some congestion
relief is expected on interchanges north and south of Old Beatty Ford Road once users have access
to the new interchange. Local planners expect the Old Beatty Ford Road interchange to improve
access to the North Carolina Research Campus, which may result in travel time savings for some
future commuters.
Improvements to existing interchanges are expected to improve travel flow. Planners anticipate
benefits in particular to commuters coming from western Rowan County who use NC 152 to access
I-85, and to commuters using NC 73 as a bypass to I-77.
Change in Property Values
Property values could increase due to the proposed project because of overall better infrastructure
along the I-85 corridor. The most notable increases may be in the Old Beatty� Ford Road Impact
Area because of the new access the proposed interchange will provide. This could increase the value
of developed properties as well as undeveloped properties in the area. In addition, if Old Beatry
Ford Road becomes a primary route to the North Carolina Research Campus, property values could
increase further if developers become interested in land for large residential development or service
businesses catering to commuters and residents.
Forecasted Growth
The proposed project is not necessarily expected to influence growth beyond that which is
forecasted for the area. The research campus in Kannapolis is more likely to influence population
growth. The campus is independent of the proposed project, but it should benefit from
improvements in transportation infrastructiure.
Land Supply vs. Land Demand
Rowan and CRMPO planners believe that there is more land available in Rowan County than people
are currently interested in developing. Within ehe FLUSA, the project has the potential to increase
demand for land by� providing new access to Old Beatty Ford Road and the research campus in
Kannapolis.
Availabiliry of Water and Sewer
Water and sewer coverage is not provided consistently throughout the FLUSA. The Old Beatry
Ford Road Impact Area is most notable for potential development as a result of the proposed
project. Interviews with local planners indicated that when the Old Beatty Ford Road interchange is
constructed, Kannapolis would likely be interested in extending water and sewer services to the area.
69
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Market for Development
The market for development in the FLUSA may be affected by the proposed project in
concentrated areas. The development market is likely to shift to increased interest in the Old Betty
Ford Road Impact Area, and in adjacent areas that could service the research campus in Kannapolis.
Water Quality and the Natural Environment
The project may result in indirect effects in the form of change in land use. Associated impervious
surface area can cause increased stormwater runoff into streams and wedands. Results may include
increased seclimentation, loweY dissolved oxygen levels, alteration of water chemistry, and clogging
of aquatic organism respiratory surfaces that could cause the decline of many species. Loss of
aquatic plants and animals can subsequently affect fauna that depend on them as food sources.
Impacts to water quality could also affect water supply waters in the area.
Project related growth may cause terrestrial habitat loss and/or fragmentation, which could result in
changes in species composition and abundance. Though no farms in the area are expected to be
direcdy impacted by the project, an increase in development interest in the more rural areas could
eventually Yesult in some agriculturallosses to residential and business developments.
Local Public Policy
Interviews with local planners indicated that local public policy is supportive of growth. Planners
said that local policies benefited development. Some noted that standards have been increased to
protect the environment and encourage wise growth, but that growth is welcome.
TaUle 21 shows the relative rating of potential indirect and cumulative effects of the proposed
project in the FLUSA. Effects of past, present, and reasonabl�T foreseeable future actions were
considered along with those of the proposed project. While some effects associated with an
individual action, like new interchange construction, could rank higher or lower than shown in the
table, the effects of the project as a whole were considered for the table.
70
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Table 21. Relative Rating of Project Indirect and Cumulative Effects
Commuter Change in Land Availability Water
Travel Time Forecasted Supply vs. Market for Qualiry & Local Public
Rating Savings Travel Properry Growth Land of Water and Development Natural Policy
Patterns Values Demand Sewer Environment
Strong X
T
* X X X X
*
*
X X X X
�
Weak
Increased
access to Higher Increased
Increase in
Better developed demand in Increased interest in
some areas Induced growth
infrastructure New I-85 and some areas of demand for development
from new from new Pro-growth
overall, access at Old undeveloped FLUSA services in Old from new access,
Cause construction Beattv Ford land, access and because of Beatty Ford favorable access, no land throughout the
of new Road parucularly in research new access Road Impact location, and use plan in place FLUSA
interchange Old Beatty campus and research Area improved in Rowan Co.
Ford Road demand campus infrastructure
Impact Area
%1
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Improvements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

VIII. EVALUATION OF ANALYSIS RESULTS
Evaluation of Indirect Effects
Key potential indirect effects that could result from the proposed project are categorized by new
commercial, industrial, and residential development that may not otherwise occur without the
project.
Commercial and Industrial Growth
New access in the Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area is conducive to commercial growth. The
absence of a land use plan in Rowan County could further encourage this growth since common
restrictions associated with land use planning would not be in place. Improvements in infrastructure
throughout the project length are beneficial to commercial and industrial development along the I-
85 corridor.
Residentiial Develo�ment
Localized residential development could take place in the Old Beatry Ford Road Impact Area. This
potenrial development could result from the combination of new access provided by the project and
demand from the North Carolina Research Campus.
Evaluation of Cumulative Effects
Cumulative effects of widening I-85, interchange improvements, and constructing a new interchange
are expected to provide positive travel-related benefits.
Some negative effects are expected related to water resources and the natural environment Most
notable are those associated with the Old Beatty Ford Road interchange. New access will likely bring
new development. New development is expected to create more impervious surfaces that could
negatively impact water qualitiy. In addition, development could change existing natural habitats
either through elimination or changing characteristics that would not suit e�sting wildlife. Since
local municipalities show interest in bringing water and sewer services to the area for development,
this could encourage further development in the future.
The North Carolina Research Campus will create demand for new housing and services. The Old
Beatty Ford Road Impact Area is expected to be suitable to serve some of the anticipated demand.
The combination of new access from the project and demand from the research campus could
further lead to natural environment cumulative effects. In addieion, the change in land use will likely
impact rural character and aesthetics.
IX. ICE CONCLUSIONS
The FLUSA contains numerous water resources, including a drinking water supply, that could incur
indirect and cumulative effects. Some protection will be provided from development restrictions
within the Critical Area of the Water Supply Watershed, and to a lesser extent, in the Protected Area.
There are no High Qualiry Waters (HQ�, Outstanding Resource Waters (OR�, or Wild and
Scenic Rivers in the FLUSA. Town Creek and Irish Buffalo Creek are 303(d) streams.
72
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

Complementary development from this project is most likely to occur in the Old Beatty Ford Road
Impact Area. Local planners think the area could become a primary� route to the North Carolina
Research Campus under development in Kannapolis. New access from the interchange combined
with potential growth demands associated with the research campus could encourage business and
mixed-use development.
Reduced congestion on I-85, improvements to existing interchanges, and construction of the new
interchange will likely contribute to travel time savings in the FLUSA.
Property values will likely increase in the Old Beatty Ford Road Impact Area due to complementary
development interests and development potential associated with the North Carolina Research
Campus.
Though no farms in the area are expected to be directly impacted by the project, an increase in
development interests in the more rural areas could eventually result in some agricultural losses to
residential and business developments.
X. C IA AND I C E RECOMMENDATIONS
Noise impacts from a community perspective may require further assessment. This can be
determined when the noise analy=sis has been completed.
Appropriate assistance is recommended for residents and business owners that may be displaced.
Coordination with the Rider bus system is recommended regarding cxpected delays during
construction and bus stop relocations (if any will occur).
Care should be taken to protect Waters of the U.S. during construction.
Citizen comments from the upcoming Citizens Informational Workshop should be reviewed for any
erends or strong opinions of the community that have not b�en represented in this document.
More study may be warranted in the rural area along Old Beatry Ford Road. Increased traffic from
the new interchange and growth influences if the road becomes a primary route to the North
Carolina Research Campus could combine to alter the area substantially. Rowan County has no land
use plan in place or in progress. Current zoning allows a mix of uses, with Agriculture
predominating at the Old Beatty Ford Road proposed interchange. This project will likely result in
indirect and cumulative effects in the form of change in land use. Project specific minimization and
mitigation strategies for indirect and cumulative effects are limited. Local zoning controls and
comprehensive planning, which are tools that localities may utilize to shape patterns of growth and
development within their boundaries, are outside the jurisdicrion of the NCDOT.
Visual and aesthetic impacts are expected mostly at interchange locations where new configurations
may cause changes in the immediate area. The new interchange at Old Beatry Ford Road is likely to
bring the most visual and aesthetic impacts. It is recommended that vegetation removal be
minimized and landscaping be implemented as appropriate to improve aesthetics.
73
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

XI. REFERENCES
Benchmark, Incorporated. June 2001. Cabarrus/South Rowan Urban Area Metropolitan Planning
Organization, 2000-2025 Long Kcange Tran.rportation Plan. www.ci.kannapolis.nc.us.
Cabarrus County. `vw��.cabarrus.nc.us.
Cabarrus County. NorthzvestArea Plan, Land Use Descriptions and Zoning Map.
www.co.cabarrus.nc.us.
Centralina Council of Governments. www.centralina.org.
City of Concord. www.ci.concord.nc.us.
City of Concord. Center City Plan. w���.ci.concord.nc.us/pcd/cd_ccp_O.asp.
City of Concord. City of Concord I.and U.re Plan Project Staiu.r Update January 2004.
www.ci.concord.nc.us.
City of Concord. City of Concord Future Land Use map. www.ci.concord.nc.us.
City of Concord. Cit�T of Concord Zoning Map. u�ww.ci.concord.nc.us/pcd/pcd_O.asp.
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74
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina

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75
I-85 Widening from NC 73 to US 29-601 Connector (I-3802)
and Multiple Interchange Impro�rements (I-3804, I-3610 & B-3039)
Rowan and Cabarrus Counties, North Carolina