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Home My WebLink About01_IFIM-Aquatic-Habitat-Modeling-Ty-ZieglerInstream Flow NC ScienceAdvisory Board Meeting March 15, 2011 NC Science Advisory Board Meeting Raleigh, NC Presented by: Ty Ziegler, P.E. What is Instream Flow or IFIM? I•Instream •Flow•Flow •Incremental •Methodology What is IFIM…Really??? It is a way to relate: Changes in River Flow to Changes in the Amount of Aquatic HabitatAquatic Habitat on an Incremental Basis Stage vs. Discharge 1.8 12 1.4 1.6 ) 0.8 1.0 1.2 er S t a g e ( f t 0.4 0.6Ri v 0.0 0.2 0 1020304050607080 Di h ( bi ft / )Discharge (cubic ft / sec) Habitat vs. Discharge 60000 Elk River Weighted Usable Area Perches 40000 50000 t 30000 per 10 0 0 li n e a r fe e t GSDA GSDFJ GSDS LOGPA LOGPS 20000WU A p LOGPS BDDA BDDY BDDS 0 10000 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750025050075010001250150017502000225025002750 Discharge (cfs) Aquatic Habitat What’s Important? •Depth •Velocity •Food Availability •PredatorsVelocity •Substrate •Cover (hiding spots) Predators •Water Quality •Water Temperature Example: Habitat Suitability Criteria - Depth 0.9 1.0 Channel Catfish 0.7 0.8 Adult Juvenile Spawning 0.4 0.5 0.6 ty I n d e x 0.2 0.3 Su i t a b i l i t 0.0 0.1 0.01.02.03.04.05.0 Depth (ft) Example: Habitat Suitability Criteria - Velocity 0.9 1.0 Channel Catfish 0.7 0.8 Adult Juvenile Spawning 04 0.5 0.6 y I n d e x pg 0.2 0.3 0.4 Su i t a b i l i t y 0.0 0.1 00 10 20 30 40 500.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Velocity (ft/s) Example: Habitat Suitability Criteria – Substrate/Cover 0.9 1.0 Channel Catfish Adult 0.7 0.8 04 0.5 0.6 ty I n d e x 0.2 0.3 0.4 Su i t a b i l i t 0.0 0.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18123456789101112131415161718 Cover/Substrate Code How do you start? Overview of the IFIM Process 1.Field Reconnaissance & Habitat Mapping 2 St d D i2.Study Design 3.Habitat Weighting 4 Transect Selection & Setup4.Transect Selection & Setup 5.Flow Measurements 6 PHABSIM Modeling6.PHABSIM Modeling 7.Time Series Analysis 8 Habitat Results8.Habitat Results 9.Habitat Based Flow Determination 10.Study Report10.Study Report Step 1:p Field Recon & Habitat Mappingpp g Field Reconnaissance Wateree Subreach 3 Transect 11 -ShoalWateree Subreach 3 Transect 11 Shoal 93 95 97 99 ati o n ( f t ) LFl1350f High Flow 10,250 cfs 85 87 89 91 0100200300400500600 Distance (ft) El e v a Low Flow 1350cfs Habitat Mapping (Width and Depth) Habitat Mapping (Type) Habitat Mapping (Species) Habitat Mapping Results Step 2: p Finalize Study Designg Final Study Design Step 3: Habitat Type Number of Occurrences Total Length (ft) Percent (%) Riffle 4 431 11p Habitat Weighting Riffle 4 431 11 Run 3 591 16 Glide / Shallow Pool 4 1,041 28 Deep Pool 3 1,701 45 Total 14 3 764 100ggTotal143,764 100 Step 4: p Transect Selection Example: Elk River Step 5: p Field Measurements Substrate, Velocity and Depth Measurements Widths Headpins (Estab. Elev.) Sbt t Mt Velocity Measurements Substrate Measurements Flow = Velocity ×Area Velocity and Depth: Manual Method Velocity and Depth: Cataraft with ADCP Velocity and Depth: ADCP ADCP Velocity Magnitude Profile Velocity and Depth: Mini-Cataraft with ADCP Velocity and Depth: Manual and ADCP Method Distance and Elevation Measurements IFIM studies cancan require a lot of gear….g ....and a lot of people.…pp .…but they can also be relatively l it it low intensity efforts Low Flow (8 cfs)() Middle Flow (37 cfs)() Mid-High Flow (50 cfs)() High Flow (67 cfs)() Calibration vs. Simulation Flows Qhi Qmed Qlow What is PHABSIM? Step 6: What is PHABSIM? •Physicalp PHABSIM Modeling y •HABitat •SIMulationgSIMulation •Model Cell Habitat Habitat Suitability Criteria - Depth 0.9 1.0 Channel Catfish 0.7 0.8 Adult Juvenile Spawning 0.4 0.5 0.6 ty I n d e x 0.2 0.3 Su i t a b i l i t 0.0 0.1 0.01.02.03.04.05.0 Depth (ft) Weighted Usable Area (WUA) Flow to Habitat Conversion Flow (cfs) WUA (sq ft) 100 17,797 200 45,399 400 103,250 700 160,229 850 175,466 1,000 186,424 1,300 201,513 1,600 222,192 1,900 237,339 2,200 244,524 2,425 248,115 2,500 249,012 2,800 251,654 3,250 253,453 3,700 254,366 3,850 254,003 4,000 253,375 6,000 216,044 10,000 107,434 14,000 32,198 18,500 13,367 23,000 8,345 Habitat vs. Discharge 60000 Elk River Weighted Usable Area Perches 40000 50000 t 30000 per 10 0 0 li n e a r fe e t GSDA GSDFJ GSDS LOGPA LOGPS 20000WU A p LOGPS BDDA BDDY BDDS 0 10000 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750025050075010001250150017502000225025002750 Discharge (cfs) Weighted Usable Area provides the magnitude of available aquaticmagnitudeof available aquatic habitat… …But not the frequency at which it occurs. Step 7: p Time Series Analysisy Time Series Analysis Periodicity JUN CliRdh NOVMAR APR MAY JUL AUG SEP OCT DECJAN FEBSpecies Carolina Redhorse American Shad Striped BassStriped Bass Cape Fear Shiner* Bluehead Chub Spawning Early Life Stage (estimated to begin two-thirds of the way through the spawningperiod and lasting60 days post spawn; except for Cape Fear Shiner) Channel Catfish Early Life Stage (estimated to begin two thirds of the way through the spawning period and lasting 60 days post spawn; except for Cape Fear Shiner) * Source: Jenkins and Burkhead (1993) Cape Fear Shiner Source: Hewitt et al. (2009) Step 8: Habitat Results Habitat Duration Curves Exceedance AUC 1% to 100% Period of Record 1930-2009 Creek X Node 1 – Species Example A August –All Water Year Types –Alternate Min Flow = 5 0August –All Water Year Types –Alternate Min Flow = 5.0 Interactive Habitat Results Option 1: Existing ConditionsOption 1: Existing Conditions AUC – Monthly Comparison Creek X Period of Record 1930-2009 Creek X Node 1 – Species Example A Interactive Habitat Results Option 2: 80% UnimpairedOption 2: 80% Unimpaired AUC – Monthly Comparison Creek X Period of Record 1930-2009 Creek X Node 1 – Species Example A Interactive Habitat Results Option 3: Match UnimpairedOption 3: Match Unimpaired AUC – Monthly Comparison Creek X Period of Record 1930-2009 Creek X Node 1 – Species Example A Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 80%MatchStep 9: Habitat Based Month Existing 80% Unimpaired Match Unimpaired Jan 000 Feb 005 Flow Determination Mar 006 Apr 0010 May 0410 Jun 0 4 6Jun046 Jul 035 Aug 034 Sep 034 Oct 0 3 5Oct035 Nov 036 Dec 036 Is This The Answer?? •Need to take into consideration with other studies: –Water Supply –Water Quality Recreation (eg paddling & angling)–Recreation (eg. paddling & angling) –Aesthetics –Lake Levels –Economics –Etc. It’s Part of the Answer…... Step 10: Study Report Resultsyp Methodology Results Recap of the IFIM Process 1.Field Reconnaissance & Habitat Mapping 2 St d D i2.Study Design 3.Habitat Weighting 4 Transect Selection & Setup4.Transect Selection & Setup 5.Flow Measurements 6 PHABSIM Modeling6.PHABSIM Modeling 7.Time Series Analysis 8 Habitat Results8.Habitat Results 9.Habitat Based Flow Determination 10.Study Report10.Study Report Questions?