20221449 Ver 1_ePCN Application_20221019

DWR
Division of Water Resources
Initial Review
Pre -Construction Notification (PCN) Form
For Nationwide Permits and Regional General Permits
(along with corresponding Water Quality Certifications)
April 13, 2022 Ver 4.3
Has this project met the requirements for acceptance in to the review process?*
Yes
No
Is this project a public transportation project?*
Yes No
Change only if needed.
Pre -Filing Meeting Date Request was submitted on:
6/16/2022
BIMS # Assigned* Version#*
20221449 1
Is a payment required for this project?*
No payment required
Fee received
Fee needed - send electronic notification
Reviewing Office*
Winston-Salem Regional Office - (336) 776-
9800
Information for Initial Review
What amout is owed?*
$240.00
$570.00
Select Project Reviewer*
Sue Homewood:eads\slhomewood
la. Name of project:
Brown WNCSI Restoration
la. Who is the Primary Contact?*
Adam Williams
1 b. Primary Contact Email:* lc. Primary Contact Phone:*
[e-mail] [phone]
Date Submitted
10/19/2022
Nearest Body of Water
Cove Creek
Basin
Watauga
Water Classification
C
Site Coordinates
Latitude:
36.269149
A. Processing Information
Longitude:
-81.777144
County (or Counties) where the project is located:
Watauga
Is this a NCDMS Project
Yes No
Is this project a public transportation project?*
Yes No

la. Type(s) of approval sought from the Corps:
Section 404 Permit (wetlands, streams and waters, Clean Water Act)
Section 10 Permit (navigable waters, tidal waters, Rivers and Harbors Act)
Has this PCN previously been submitted?*
Yes
No
1 b. What type(s) of permit(s) do you wish to seek authorization?
Nationwide Permit (NWP)
Regional General Permit (RGP)
Standard (IP)
lc. Has the NWP or GP number been verified by the Corps?
Yes No
Nationwide Permit (NWP) Number: 27 - Restoration
NWP Numbers (for multiple NWPS):
ld. Type(s) of approval sought from the DWR:
401 Water Quality Certification - Regular
Non-404 Jurisdictional General Permit
Individual 401 Water Quality Certification
le. Is this notification solely for the record because written approval is not required?
For the record only for DWR 401 Certification:
For the record only for Corps Permit:
1f. Is this an after -the -fact permit application?*
Yes No
lg. Is payment into a mitigation bank or in -lieu fee program proposed for mitigation of impacts?
Yes No
lg. Is payment into a mitigation bank or in -lieu fee program proposed for mitigation of impacts?
Yes No
1 h. Is the project located in any of NC's twenty coastal counties?
Yes No
1j. Is the project located in a designated trout watershed?
Yes No
B. Applicant Information
ld. Who is applying for the permit?
Owner Applicant (other than owner)
le. Is there an Agent/Consultant for this project?*
Yes No
2. Owner Information
2a. Name(s) on recorded deed:
BROWN, RONNIE JOE
2b. Deed book and page no.:
1821/143
2c. Contact Person:
2d. Address
Street Address
475 Burl Brown Rd
Address Line 2
City
Vilas
Postal /Zip Code
28692
401 Water Quality Certification - Express
Riparian Buffer Authorization
State / Province / Region
North Carolina
Country
USA
Yes No
Yes No

2e. Telephone Number: 2f. Fax Number:
[phone]
2g. Email Address:*
[e-mail]
2a. Name(s) on recorded deed:
Dillon Asset Management, LLC
2b. Deed book and page no.:
2245/090
2c. Contact Person:
2d. Address
Street Address
311 W Indian Town Rd
Address Line 2
STE 200
City
Jupiter
Postal / Zip Code
33458
State / Province / Region
Floridia
Country
USA
2e. Telephone Number: 2f. Fax Number:
[phone]
2g. Email Address: *
[e-mail]
2a. Name(s) on recorded deed:
Cove Creek Baptist Church
2b. Deed book and page no.:
096/085
2c. Contact Person:
Kevin Combs
2d. Address
Street Address
1330 Sherwood Rd
Address Line 2
City
Vilas
Postal / Zip Code
28679
State / Province / Region
North Carolina
Country
USA
2e. Telephone Number: 2f. Fax Number:
[phone]
2g. Email Address: *
[e-mail]
2a. Name(s) on recorded deed:
Jeffery Hill
2b. Deed book and page no.:
2c. Contact Person:
2d. Address
Street Address
1908 Brentwood Street
Address Line 2
City State / Province / Region
Austin Texas
Postal / Zip Code Country
78757 USA
2e. Telephone Number: 2f. Fax Number:
[phone]
2g. Email Address: *
[e-mail]

3. Applicant Information (if different from owner)
3a. Name:
BROWN, RONNIE JOE
3b. Business Name:
3c. Address
Street Address
475 Burl Brown Rd
Address Line 2
City
Vilas
Postal / Zip Code
28692
3d. Telephone Number:
[phone]
3f. Email Address: *
[e-mail]
4. Agent/Consultant (if applicable)
4a. Name:
Adam Williams
4b. Business Name:
Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc.
4c. Address
Street Address
10565 Highway 421 South
Address Line 2
City
Trade
Postal / Zip Code
37691
4d. Telephone Number:
[phone]
4f. Email Address: *
[e-mail]
C. Project Information and Prior Project History
State / Province / Region
NC
Country
United States
3e. Fax Number:
State / Province / Region
Tennessee
Country
USA
4e. Fax Number:
1. Project Information
1b. Subdivision name:
(if appropriate)
lc. Nearest municipality / town:
Boone, NC
2. Project Identification
2a. Property Identification Number:
1982-08-9229-000,1982-08-8781-000;1982-
18-6563-000,1982-17-9778-000
2b. Property size:
22.5
2c. Project Address
Street Address
Address Line 2
City State / Province / Region
Postal / Zip Code Country
3. Surface Waters
3a. Name of the nearest body of water to proposed project: *
Cove Creek
3b. Water Resources Classification of nearest receiving water: *
C

3c. What river basin(s) is your project located in?*
Watauga
3d. Please provide the 12-digit HUC in which the project is located.
060101030302
4. Project Description and History
4a. Describe the existing conditions on the site and the general land use in the vicinity of the project at the time of this application: *
The project site is rural -residential and lightly forested. There is an open pasture used for hay and gardening along Cove Creek. Old Highway 421 runs along the eastern side of Cove
Creek.
4b. Have Corps permits or DWR certifications been obtained for this project (including all prior phases) in the past? *
Yes No Unknown
4f. List the total estimated acreage of all existing wetlands on the property:
0.00
4g. List the total estimated linear feet of all existing streams on the property:
1725
4h. Explain the purpose of the proposed project: *
This project proposes the stream bank stabilization of Cove Creek. The project is located off of Old Highway 421, about 6.5 miles northwest of Boone, NC. Approximately 1725 feet of
stabilization is proposed involving natural channel structures including J-hooks, cross vanes, root -wad and boulder revetments, rock sill/steps, and toe -wood. These structures will allow
these reaches of stream to become more stable, and will reduce erosion along the banks.
4i. Describe the overall project in detail, including indirect impacts and the type of equipment to be used: *
The project will provide bank stabilization and grade control using natural channel design structures including J-hooks, cross vanes, root -wad and boulder revetments, rock sill/steps, and
toe -wood. Banks will be sloped back and stabilized using coir matting and livestakes. A riparian buffer of native tree and shrub species will be planted. Equipment for this proposed
construction includes track -hoes, skid steers, and dump trucks.
5. Jurisdictional Determinations
5a. Have the wetlands or streams been delineated on the property or proposed impact areas?*
Yes
Comments:
No
5b. If the Corps made a jurisdictional determination, what type of determination was made?*
Preliminary Approved Not Verified Unknown N/A
Corps AID Number:
5c. If 5a is yes, who delineated the jurisdictional areas?
Name (if known):
Agency/Consultant Company:
Other:
6. Future Project Plans
6a. Is this a phased project?*
Adam Williams
Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting
Yes No
Unknown
Are any other NWP(s), regional general permit(s), or individual permits(s) used, or intended to be used, to authorize any part of the proposed project or related activity?
D. Proposed Impacts Inventory
1. Impacts Summary
la. Where are the impacts associated with your project? (check all that apply):
Wetlands
Open Waters
3. Stream Impacts
Streams -tributaries
Pond Construction
Buffers
3a. Reason for impact (?)
3b.Impact type*
3c. Type of impact*
3d. S. name*
3e. Stream Type*
(?)
3f. Type of
Jurisdiction*
3g. S. width
3h. Impact
length*
S1
restoration
Permanent
Stabilization
Cove Creek
Perennial
Both
26
Average (feet)
1,725
(linear feet)

3i. Total jurisdictional ditch impact in square feet:
0
3i. Total permanent stream impacts: 3i. Total temporary stream impacts:
1,725 0
3i. Total stream and ditch impacts:
1
3j. Comments:
E. Impact Justification and Mitigation
1. Avoidance and Minimization
la. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts in designing the project:
The proposed work and impacts are intended to stabilize approximately 1725 linear feet of stream bank along Cove Creek while minimizing impacts to
aquatic resources. Design measures which minimize impacts include installation of natural channel design structures which will improve stream stability
and provide habitat. All disturbed buffer areas will be immediately seeded upon completion, matted (coir matting) and stabilized at the close of each
construction day.
lb. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts through construction techniques:
All stream bank disturbances will be stabilized same day, covered with coir matting, and live -staked to reduce sedimentation during construction. Only
well maintained equipment will be used; no leaks will be tolerated. Equipment will work from stream banks whenever possible and from the channel only
when absolutely necessary.
Live stakes and matting staples will be used to secure the coir matting in high -stress areas. The forested riparian buffer will be planted with a variety of
native trees following construction.
2. Compensatory Mitigation for Impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State
2a. Does the project require Compensatory Mitigation for impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State?
Yes No
2b. If this project DOES NOT require Compensatory Mitigation, explain why:
This is a stream bank restoration project which will not have impacts requiring mitigation of Water of the U.S. or Waters of the State.
F. Stormwater Management and Diffuse Flow Plan (required by DWR)
1. Diffuse Flow Plan
la. Does the project include or is it adjacent to protected riparian buffers identified within one of the NC Riparian Buffer Protection Rules?
Yes No
If no, explain why:
Project is not in a protected riparian buffer
2. Stormwater Management Plan
2a. Is this a NCDOT project subject to compliance with NCDOT's Individual NPDES permit NCS000250? *
Yes No
2b. Does this project meet the requirements for low density projects as defined in 15A NCAC 02H .1003(2)?
Yes No
Comments:
G. Supplementary Information
1. Environmental Documentation
la. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the use of public (federal/state) land? *
Yes No
2. Violations (DWR Requirement)
2a. Is the site in violation of DWR Water Quality Certification Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500), Isolated Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .1300), or DWR Surface Water or Wetland Standards or
Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC 2B .0200)?*
Yes No
3. Cumulative Impacts (DWR Requirement)

3a. Will this project result in additional development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality?*
Yes No
3b. If you answered "no," provide a short narrative description.
A stream stabilization of Cove Creek will not result in additional development in the area.
4. Sewage Disposal (DWR Requirement)
4a. Is sewage disposal required by DWR for this project?*
Yes No N/A
5. Endangered Species and Designated Critical Habitat (Corps Requirement)
5a. Will this project occur in or near an area with federally protected species or habitat?*
Yes No
5b. Have you checked with the USFWS concerning Endangered Species Act impacts?*
Yes No
5c. If yes, indicate the USFWS Field Office you have contacted.
Asheville
5d. Is another Federal agency involved?*
Yes
5e. Is this a DOT project located within Division's 1-8?
Yes No
No Unknown
5f. Will you cut any trees in order to conduct the work in waters of the U.S.?
Yes No
5g. Does this project involve bridge maintenance or removal?
Yes No
5h. Does this project involve the construction/installation of a wind turbine(s)?*
Yes No
5i. Does this project involve (1) blasting, and/or (2) other percussive activities that will be conducted by machines, such as jackhammers, mechanized pile drivers, etc.?
Yes No
5j. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Endangered Species or Designated Critical Habitat?
BFEC completed the USFW IPaC regulatory review process; see attached consultation.
6. Essential Fish Habitat (Corps Requirement)
6a. Will this project occur in or near an area designated as an Essential Fish Habitat?*
Yes No
6b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact an Essential Fish Habitat? *
NOAA Essential Fish Habitat Mapper, GIS
7. Historic or Prehistoric Cultural Resources (Corps Requirement)
7a. Will this project occur in or near an area that the state, federal or tribal governments have designated as having historic or cultural preservation status?*
Yes No
7b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact historic or archeological resources?*
NCHPO GIS Service
8. Flood Zone Designation (Corps Requirement)
8a. Will this project occur in a FEMA-designated 100-year floodplain?*
Yes No
8b. If yes, explain how project meets FEMA requirements:
The proposed project is not anticipated to cause an increase in flood elevation. A No -Rise certification will be submitted by Brushy Fork Engineering
Division PLLC to the Watauga County floodplain administrator.
8c. What source(s) did you use to make the floodplain determination?*
FEMA Flood Map Service Center online mapping tool
Miscellaneous

Please use the space below to attach all required documentation or any additional information you feel is helpful for application review. Documents should be combined into one file when
possible, with a Cover Letter, Table of Contents, and a Cover Sheet for each Section preferred.
Click the upload button or drag and drop files here to attach document
RJB PCN combined appendices FINAL.pdf 33.07MB
File must be PDF or KMZ
Comments
Signature
By checking the box and signing below, I certify that:
• The project proponent hereby certifies that all information contained herein is true, accurate, and complete to the best of my knowledge and belief'; and
• The project proponent hereby requests that the certifying authority review and take action on this CWA 401 certification request within the applicable reasonable period of time.
• I have given true, accurate, and complete information on this form;
I agree that submission of this PCN form is a "transaction" subject to Chapter 66, Article 40 of the NC General Statutes (the "Uniform Electronic Transactions Act");
I agree to conduct this transaction by electronic means pursuant to Chapter 66, Article 40 of the NC General Statutes (the "Uniform Electronic Transactions Act");
I understand that an electronic signature has the same legal effect and can be enforced in the same way as a written signature; AND
I intend to electronically sign and submit the PCN form.
Full Name:
Alan Babineau
Signature
Date
10/19/2022

Providing Sound Environmental Solutions
10565 Highway 421 South
Trade, TN 37691
ph/fax: [phone]
a/an@bfec,org
October 18, 2022
Ms. Sue Homewood
NCDWR
450 W. Hanes Mill Rd, Suite 300
Winston Salem, NC 27105
RE: Brown WNCSI- Cove Creek Restoration
401 Water Quality Certification
Sherwood, NC
Ms. Homewood,
Enclosed please find the referenced project 401 Water Quality Certification permit application
with the following attachments:
1) Pre -Filing Meeting Request
2) Agent Authorization Forms
3) Site Maps
4) Construction/Site Plans
5) USFWS Correspondence Letter
6) Soil Report
7) Wetland Determination
As noted in the attached PCN, this project proposes the bank stabilization of Cove Creek. The
project site is located near Old Hwy 421 just west of Boone, NC (36.269149°,-81.777144°) in
Watauga County. The proposed design includes bank stabilization using natural channel
structures including rock sills and integrated bedrock. These structures will allow for bank
stabilization and erosion control within the project reach. Brushy Fork Environmental
Consulting, Inc. will be the authorized agent for this permit application. If you have any
questions give me a call at 423.727.4476.
Sincerely,
Alan Babineau

G
Pre -Filing Meeting Request

6/16/22, 9:22 AM Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc. Mail - Automatic reply: [External] Brown 401 PreFile
Alan Babineau <[e-mail]>
Automatic reply: [External] Brown 401 PreFile
1 message
401 PreFile <401 [e-mail]>
To: Alan Babineau <[e-mail]>
Thu, Jun 16, 2022 at 9:20 AM
This email confirms receipt of your pre -filing meeting request. Please retain this email for your records and
submit this documentation as part of your 401 application (PCN Application) as required by federal law.
DWR will not be able to accept your application without this federally required documentation. 401
applications received without documentation that a pre -filing meeting request was submitted at least 30
days prior will be returned as incomplete.
Responses to this email are not monitored.
Background
On April 6, 2022, the United States Supreme Court issued an order staying a lower court's vacatur of the
Trump Administration's 2020 "Clean Water Act Section 401 Certification Rule" ("Federal Rule"). As a
result of the United States Supreme Court order, the Trump Administration's Federal Rule has sprung back
into effect.
The Trump Administration's Federal Rule imposes additional procedural requirements on applicants for 401
Certifications and on DWR's processing of those applications. One requirement is that 401 applicants must
request a pre -filing meeting request at least 30 days prior to submitting their 401 application. [40 C.F.R.
§121.4] In turn, the Federal Rule requires that applicants include documentation of their pre -filing meeting
request in their 401 Certification application. [40 C.F.R §121.1; 40 C.F.R. §121.5]. Please refer to
the Federal Rule for more information.
Per 40 CFR §121 and §121.5, a 401 Certification application that does not include the required pre -filing
meeting request documentation does not constitute a "certification request." As a result of the
reinstatement of the Trump Administration's Federal Rule, all 401 applications received after April 6, 2022
that do not have documentation that a pre -filing meeting request was submitted at least 30 days prior to
submittal of a 401 Certification application will be returned as incomplete.
If you need to contact 401/Buffer Permitting Staff, please use the following link(s) to access of staff contact
list(s).
For Non -Transportation Central Staff:
https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-quality-permitting/40l -buffer-
permitting/401 -buffer-permitting-contacts
For Non -Transportation Regional Staff: https://edocs.deq.nc.gov/WaterResources/DocView.aspx?
dbid =0&id=2162034&cr=1
For all Transportation Projects Including NCDOT Projects:
https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/transportation-
perm itti ng/staff-contacts
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ik=b95ddcO5ce&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1735797649754027297&simpl=msg-f%3A1735797649... 112

6/16/22, 9:22 AM Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc. Mail - Automatic reply: [External] Brown 401 PreFile
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?i k=b95ddcO5ce&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1735797649754027297&si m pl=msg-f%3A1735797649... 212

2
Agent Authorization

AGENT AUTHORIZATION FORM FOR WNCSI STREAM PROJECTS
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
LOT NO. N/A PLAN NO. N/A PARCEL ID: 1982089229000;
STREET ADDRESS: Off Old US Hwy 421 Sherwood NC 28692 (36.26908°,-81.778560)
Property Owner:
Ronnie Joe Brown
Property Owners Street Address (if different than above):
475 Burl Brown Rd, Vilas NC 28692
The property owners above have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Resource
Institute, Inc. that authorizes the activities proposed on the subject property (see attached). As
an authorized representative of Resource Institute, I do hereby authorize
Adam Williams , of Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc.
(Contractor/Agent) (Consulting Firm)
to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary for the processing, issuance and acceptance
of this permit or certification and any and all standard and special conditions attached.
We hereby certify the above information submitted in this application is true and accurate to
the best of our knowledge.
Authorized SignatE(ire:
Date:

AGENT AUTHORIZATION FORM FOR WNCSI STREAM PROJECTS
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
LOT NO. _N/A PLAN NO. _N/A PARCEL ID: 1982088781000;
STREET ADDRESS: Off Old US Hwy 421, Sherwood, NC 28692 (36.27006°,-81.77699°)
Property Owner:
Dillon Asset Management, LLC
Property Owners Street Address (if different than above):
311 W Indian Town Rd, Suite 200, Jupiter, FL, 33458
The property owners above have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Resource
Institute, Inc. that authorizes the activities proposed on the subject property (see attached). As
an authorized representative of Resource Institute, I do hereby authorize
Adam Williams , of Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc.
(Contractor/Agent) (Consulting Firm)
to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary for the processing, issuance and acceptance
of this permit or certification and any and all standard and special conditions attached.
We hereby certify the above information submitted in this application is true and accurate to
the best of our knowledge.
�,-
Authorized Signature:
Date: 8/16/22

AGENT AUTHORIZATION FORM FOR WNCSI STREAM PROJECTS
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
LOT NO. N/A PLAN NO. N/A PARCEL ID: 1982-18-6563-000;
STREET ADDRESS: 1330 Sherwood Rd Sherwood NC 28692
Property Owner:
Cove Creek Baptist Church
Property Owners Street Address (if different than above):
The property owners above have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Resource
Institute, Inc. that authorizes the activities proposed on the subject property (see attached). As
an authorized representative of Resource Institute, I do hereby authorize
Adam Williams , of Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting, Inc.
(Contractor/Agent) (Consulting Firm)
to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary for the processing, issuance and acceptance
of this permit or certification and any and all standard and special conditions attached.
We hereby certify the above information submitted in this application is true and accurate to
the best of our knowledge.
ized Srgnature:
/ , � - zi
Date: _ {r �' '�

AGENT AUTHORIZATION FORM FOR WNCSI STREAM PROJECTS
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
LOT NO. N/A PLAN NO. N/A PARCEL ID: 1982-17-9778-000
STREET ADDRESS: 1211 Sherwood Rd, Sherwood, NC 28692
Property Owner:
Jeffrey Hill et. al.
Property Owners Street Address (if different than
above): 1908 Brentwood Street, Austin, TX 78757
The property owners above have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Resource
Institute, Inc. that authorizes the activities proposed on the subject property (see attached). As
an authorized representative of Resource Institute, I do hereby authorize
Adam Williams . of Brushv Fork Environmental Consulting. Inc.
(Contractor/Agent)
(Consulting Firm)
to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary for the processing, issuance and acceptance
of this permit or certification and any and all standard and special conditions attached.
We hereby certify the above information submitted in this application is true and accurate to
the best of our knowledge.
9 9 . H .f.Q
Authorized Signature:
Date: 10/10/22

41
Site Maps

•�► U o
y no
LO
m(? (D
1, a) � l
`tvy'��
�1t ~�� 0
r.
E O G
N O
� co
c
co °O
� co
O
..
r
U)o
) N
I
5
�}}
Jr '4 if
_ •i
=Q i
fqi
O
c O
'_
O
O N
T
sty,
lid
m` a' r
cli
Z ,r •
N N S
Q
O 0) N
LL
oCD
LUO
o °O
U �•
N
LU
N
LO
N
i
O
L
m
U
N
O
E
O
(6
J

Brown WNCSI Project Topographic Ma
Jp o
Mast',' s- -_ c 1SflverstoneJ�
harp
Z
Name: Sherwood, NC
0 0.25 0.5
W-IM ■
Hu
�- knon i
- - J �6�'pyn� L©2013 National eag ap ¢e -
N�01 O
Miles W

k
O
O
e
p e
cc
Q 0 C N
O e
x
N
C
LL
i N _6
a)
a)
c
N
co
L
U
m
t t E
co
3
C
= 3
a>
N J
"6
=
a)
j LL
°— ¢
m
o� co
O ° a
� x o
m
m
o
O
M
E—
°�
¢
W
a)
o
O
-o a)
(6
oC JaC)
O
C
W T
a) l a)
a) C
O v
o LLL �S
O
a)
3
_O N Co
U Co a) O
-1 �a -O N N
O
C
YO O
L > O (6
(6
m
° Q -6
O
o L ° a5
C C, a)'i E
LL
N
E
LL
3 W Co
> s
15 a) a)
a) O
C
U ° Co —
_O O O
0'
a)
a) YO
N a) a) a) T O
m
a) C LL
Co Q O T
m
Y
C O a) LL
C
O
C
U Y
O '� N V
N a) E
W O
�¢m
C
co
O LL L a) L
a)
=
_
N r p M
M M m� o �
r
m m
�_
N
as
C
dc�i 3� 3
as a) as
6
as
5
o
as
>
w a a) w
a = °
N N
0
N ci , i)
j L i) N d
d
w
d
L N
° O N
co T
O O "O a3
LL U Q J Q
Q
W
Q
U J
U U a0 J
U LL 2
N
Z
LL
w
O W
u�a
0'w
M: W
L
a
w a
a
w U
O Q
Q
Q p
w
C 7
LL
r
as
LLI
=0
r
O
fn 2
r LL
O
N
♦-)
♦. -0
N
H
L—
N
f�
J
N
m
O
_O
H
O
—0
m
Z
a) �
a)
(6 �
E
O
O_
z
2�
CL _
(6 N
E���
ao
E co
O
to�z
co
N0
°
�3CL
= �'
E��v2
a) Co w
oNaw)Ev
O
w-°
'a
m
a)°a)
°Qo-m
°-offaw
co
a) N
C 0
Y 4 N
w W V U
T
a) O
4
(6 >
co O
E
_O
w a)
LL T
+�-' w 4
. Q
a) N 'T'
N
d-a (6 E a)
O i E (6 O
> as
yea
N2
-o$Q
_oo SCE
a)a Eve
YO
p Q
'wo °-
N Q a)
N N L
w�.3
d i M C E O
-o w-1 0 0 as
Q (6 N N
asv `m
as
m-o'
w
o>
Nd Em
EC
o E
M
w �:E
° `o
Q
�oQ
N a) a) °
g NE>3
a w a
z
a) L
w
W C
E
a) p a)
yasm
Q a) LL C
C (6
t'oC
ate+ N °
a) `� T
"O a) OQ C _O
oQ
❑ El ®
r a as
3'=�
N :� 3 w
V
°3�E°�v
C J as v
�°
> a E E a
-
N O_ � co
_
O co N
�6Zo 0
E NO
EEaC
co
pea)
co_a
- co Q
W
Z
° O E N
OQ 0 a) >.
t>" (6 Z
_O y O = a) N
V N a) a
OQ y N C a)
CO Q O
a
a
©
a3 N U
EFcau2°
O ._ OQ O= a)
a3 C
Ea)c°_�m
oax15rE
t 2 ai O
0
E
Co
t o to to
r'oras
rasa rn
ra) LS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
LO
0
LO
N
W

43
A

i —
KW
=Q
N
N
o 00 L.L
w
00
r
w o
o
U O
0
4 �
1
• 0
0
N
0
0
o
7 Nai
ai
i
0o
r m
—
—
—
—
—
—
_ L
t
£
ai
o
c � �n
c
�0 ro
�0 ro
�0 ro "ti - w1 -, ,r '•
+.�
t
E v
o_
M UO
—
M UO
—
M UO
—
vi
vi Q —
-0
O
m
vi c:
m
vi c:
m
vi c
1
ai
O L
O
(L
(L
(L ) - J�
1
♦ U 1
-
tlD
tlaD
-
LL
>
0-0
>
0-0
>
O-
U
U
U�
X
X
o
v
v
M
^..��
,a
O
E
E
ai
O
00
O
O
` 1_
•V
• C a+
c
O O
c
O O
O ♦
ai
aJ
U o
U
U
_
O
a
a
c
u1
O c
o
r p
O
•�
O
O
O m
COi�a +�
f'
c 22
c a
°
i !
�1.
, f
W
w
U
Y C
0 •y
Y VI
O
Y VI UJ
O C>
O
O
c U
lb-
O L _ ..
M
aj
O
to O
-
`•,�`
O
U
CJo
Co
w
¢
U
p
w
Z �,
u
u
�°
in
in
�°, a
cm
o
N
U
w
LL
CO
N
U
0
a
4
E
O
W y
O
U
aEE
0
N
a
O
s
L N
cv
� N
0.
U �
N C) W
U U o
V/ O
� o
J

Al2,
V
Brown SHPO Map WNCS1 ft
f
A A 4
A
I ..ns.n -Lewis House
__ r) Sherwood Post Office
Dewitt Brown Garage
Sugar Grove Mill
Harve Deal House
Cove Creek High School
—4, Dale Adams House
fh
R Points NR Boundary
NR Individual National FAU
Listing Register OC
• N R Listing, r Boundary
Gone Boundary of 0 120240 480 720 960 1
NRHD Center Destroyed / Feet
Point Removed NR
Listing
so a8ul61141
M.p—dtb——ft.ed as data All bo..d.,,-.,.approximate GiSdttaken ft.m public data sources. BFEC2019

N
Construction/Site Plans

B-o jgnnnnnn 1-1. —'*II ._H MV aun ON'Alunoo&5neleM`po—eqS
gzpp zez CZb-]Md ° O 3At1V111Nt Wb9N1S VN170NVO 141NON NN31S3M
MZCN1 `aP-1
a° gln°S tzb Amq�N SSSot �Med // uopeziygeu Naajo anon y
suopn1og leluawuo4m3 punog uuaaui u3UT./ oz/a /ot° 258d .12AOO P
of o
3¢
o�
w4 0
u^ p
O
2JW
Eo �ap
QG2
3m 30 N W W Uri
oLLo
WQ
o � O m W ❑
m
i
Wo
L I
1� C) m a m
a
z
m g m 0 W
m
W W > W I-
JO W O W O Q Z CC)C" ZO W7 g W 0 W Z
Or^ U,w Q o z¢ ooz ¢ z o� o z oa
vJ 0 o z Q~ o � O z U Y c� W a� Q z m z 0
a0 w �g0 a u�cnoz z va w¢¢z ww� mw
I¢w ¢ m¢�x awl W O2
LU �= OO � z Z g z� � Q¢ g p 9 m $ Q Y W W$ m ti� 0
UCC z U' =ZOW_I �UOgg W 'Id- 0mm� O� W cmcO
U OW ZOm¢¢ �¢Z¢ �3gti0U °¢? Wz�I'c U"
¢w EZ
oo mCOQa zomwpVI =�¢¢
L� wm pa z m�UQ't' 7 0�3g0 W °o_=z 'm'a¢ W m¢QC'o
1_ wW � > w � C zzwaWoz ¢ wO g o z
U 2m¢ �o Q coQw �OQO�m��wv~ Q CO �o�Qwz�Z co co Q
�¢�rz
o
ZZO��o WcnUp����OOOU�W cn��m0z¢¢OOU �C7¢ W �Oj�cSi ¢Z¢
O X a �¢v�c¢jZ tiQcWj=iZmam Op> W a 0 co cn O W m cn ¢ d Q W cnco
0 �-
O ti Y Y 0 C7 O OZ ¢ m 0 0 0 ¢ O m W W Q Z W O Z> O m ~ W ti IQ- W I- U Q O Z
? c'n W W cY 0 0 ^ Q= I— m W m W W W 0 0
���oo� ¢�oWzo�°o 0mw 000COQ�m z�c, W oaozgz0
¢ ,¢ W 0 0 0 W Z Z W¢
w�QU,U, U-1 ozxm¢oama co
W w>; 0¢ Z Z 0 - c�i ri
co 0 0 00��0 CW7 ^ N ri v W
z Z-71
cc
d /J
LL$ Z
U /
L \
m t
� F
O /
H
U e w
O
s
Z r p
m t n S i
,r A . 1,
Fd 1
d
d Q
d LL
a
3
g
w��=
+'
Q
U �
O
U
0
a
z
a

6{0
Me
ON ''Aiuno0 &5ne3&M 'PoowagS
3AIlVIlINI WV3NIS VNI70&VO 41NON NN3lS3M
169LE Nl `aP�l
t69ZC NI'-P-1
,11-S tep A—qVN S9got
i
-ne�mva
ii uopeziipLIS Naajo anon
y
suoilnloS 1eluawuo-gAu3 punog uuaaui u3 r*
oz/at/oto
U81d a}!S 11ea9nO
N
a
a a
q
.b
ztiGe ayz �¢ �N z
$
cwizW i�wo� �w �i�i�J
2Nw w
R�^ I' ��FW�2p�
A �_
Viii
LeiC,
Seta \fro
-'f
i
8
qq
d m
�S�x�•pi i���oow4 hd
R
c
� �
m
gg�ivx,z wi�mi �i �2
Diu iwpo>w 51W2 w¢
&z�w
�• �
2222 W ZZ
a°
O>U� Zee pp 1RR
q2��V� K x0~ pOW2 R7
�i1
9
_
�
z �x_rc^ ¢wF zw�i`p�wW a3
MUM
00
wo
�z
\
w
i
i
Dip
o z
\
o
3
oho
ww
z
o
A
o

V IIII///��/ �
.�,��.
�!
�i
;��� ��
I T
� ��, �� ,, ,
���
�Jj� :? a
�•. %�
_ _
��
1111111111�111
�����,�.
�'�
�� � 1v f. `,�,�,.
�`�►i
'i
�
�
11111111111111
�"�
�..�, �,......
�
� 1 �--�-�
i
�I
�♦♦♦•,,
��� � INi'-�iav
1/11���
z.. -
1y0--�-��
��
111111111�11111
�. ,�: �-,��°
_.
�%,��
� �1
���avxe�an�w
'i '- _ ���
� .. 'ir:y� 1�I
�-.+-
111111111►1111
�_�
��
`�-�.�1
��� � � �r-�-1
111111111�11111
� -_������...�
I� i
'"
�������
� ����-1-i
Y r ...-
_
1111111111111
s:�q�l ��� ���-�
�4.�'� 1�����'1 �--�:
��-�.�.�����-���
1111111111111
I
I
--
�-�-
� �
��
YYYY
,►�-��-�
f W ,�-
`,
.♦:�.
'
1
--��
111111111111
�
�
. t�.. �..-.�
�� -- �
���--
��-1 ..;.
1111111��111
.:��
11111�
♦, ..�.�: ���:�.�.�
}� K��.
y .:�:s:.,k��cet
�I���ni1'_-�_�_` �
-�.�
111111111111111
� .
��r ���v� "
Illllllllllllll
1111111��
�1
♦♦
♦
� i -
. .
®_
I II
ii
4 f
_'
'
111111111111�
�Y[�`�YI.A\y1i�=

,,,pew•
■�-■�
_ _
IIIIIIIII,JII
�i►iii
. .
�XY '=� -�� =�' ��r
111111111111
�-
1111111111J1
'
11111111�I_lll
...r v....
��
111111111111
111111111111
:.a:, :::.
. •
�''
1111111111111
�� - ���
Illllllllllll
1111111.E
*�
J;7[ll/tliflPorit
"\�i'd1�.
�
111/1/1111
r
I
I
e '

6,oro jq'nnnnnn
' cep .
9LbpLZLxeugd :�
Y
-Ae o3u�
3Al1VIlIN1 ON 'V3uno0 M'poow
Wb9N1S VN/70N170W H1NON NN3IS3M
A-19
169LC N1 ` -1
glnog lZbAmgON S9Sol
11 uopeziligejS Naajo anon
y
zzozin3io3
sugjnlog 1ejuawuo-inu3 punog Bu1jaau1BU3 �,,,
£ al(;old put u21d 91(S uivt ol8 ao(` a(uuo&
I
OI Q I
0
S cl
O
II
1
06
13-
I I
i I
m o
N � k
m 111
I
Oo
rr
06+Ol S OISX 1
O
I
\ I
I ` 1Ilj\
0.
o�
U
Sx
O0
a'�i g
Or
I
I
I �
S
O
O
/J
Sx
e
C.9
Elevation
J
4—
o
Z
a
2
y'
I¢L
O y 3 ma m a °a
w O
RU
O¢
Rm
OJ
UJ
a Lr J

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn 1."a-11
9Lppm cep:-1/qd :�
my
-
ON 'A3uno0 eBne3eM 'poowayS
3AIlVIlIN1 WV3N1S VN170&VO H1NON NN31S3M
f'l�
�J
ne�mve
`
169LC N1 -1
g3ncS tepAmgON S9SOl
11 uope2i1pLIS Naajo anon
y \
oz€nl€olo
suopnloS Ieluawuo-gAu3 punog Bu1jeaulBU3
b elljoad pue veld 91!S iuvtoa8 eor aluuo&
I j
1 ' I 11
I
I I
� 1
I I � �
I I
c
I
oO
I i l
1 11
1
Sx
V1S bl'SX
1.
2
w
N
'. ¢mo
(�� s Q
OJ
r
�
oe J W 3
OO
i
U j
osx O Z
� i
n L
cn
o p Q
oo pz
SI. d�
lV1S ZISX I
V \SS+
{ z i_
1
O
1
/ 1 1
00-
I
c I
I
K
21 ° t
co
co
i
a
Elevation
zs o 1

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn I."a.—"
9Lbb'L cep:-,V"d
my
ON �lunoJ eBne3aM 'PoowayS
A
169LC NI'-P-1
3AIlVIlINI WV3NIS VNI70NVO HINON NN31S3M
v,
ne�mve
q1-o tepA—VNS9S01
U
��uopezi�igeuNaa��anon
y
ozinliol�
suollnlog leluawuo�lnu3 punog uuaaul u3
9-Z SU01109S-SSOJO )/22l'J 2AOO
x
r
Oy
2
9X
SX
0 xr
2
0 xr
a 90
0
2 t
o� 2
00
2
o� t
Op
0� `�
2
�x
�'
O X �
�x
2
�x
08
�
�� r
08
08 r
2
r
00 11
r
0y
�x r
Oy
09 I
�Sx
r
ok
x
r
sx �
a
�
r
a
a
r
Oy �
l
�x 1
0 x
11 0
+
+ rc o +
a c + c
a
O
�66
O 0
01
x I
(�
�
k 00
r
gx
o ox
r
4sx o
0%
o
p
o�
o�, 0
0
0 op
r
0y
x0
o
�x
0y
09 O
o
0
01 0
O
0I
o
IIA I 1 6 10
a
x
o
a 0
O
p9 0
�x
O
�
0
0x
90 p
OX
0X O
0
a o
O
�
00
0
0
0p
00z 0
o
0
ry ry ry ry
0x
ry ry ry ry ry
0
"
Elevation
Elevation Elevation
Op
0
Elevation
ao aY
o
�z oz oz

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn
I."a.—"
my
ne �3u�
IN'3lu
9Lbb'LZ cep:-,V"d
169LC NI `aP-1
LS VN/70&VO141&ON
3Al1VIlIN1 Wb9N1S VN170NV0 H1NON NN31S3M
ne�mve
,11-g tep A— VN S9SOl
�� uopezi�igeu Naa�� anon
y
ozinliol�
suollnlog leluawuo�lnu3 punog uuaaul u3 x ,
6-9 SUC409S-SS0J0 )f99JO 9AOO
00
8*
r
x
r
r
08
r
00
00
1
r
0*
r
`
01
r
08
r
ox
<
< r
a
I
�
O
9
l
09l �
O1
�
%
x l
O x
r
`
a �x
a
r
r o
o�
01.1
<01.
o
+
00
rc
a
Ox
o
a
O
x
r ^ o
o
+
rc
+
c + c
�
m
k
08
(n
< <n
X
�n rn
00 k 9
0
k
0o
r
r
o
�x a 0
q%
0
o
09
O
08
O
08
p o
os%
O X
0
o O
a
O
p9
O
Oy
p o
�+c x
o
x
osx 00
o O
0X
o
01 ry ry ry ry
0
a
O
O
Elevation
o
00-1
00
ox
p
0
Elevation
00
IS
00
0
0
Elevation
Elevation
J
CDC) � o �71
�nz oz oz

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn
:-,V"d
I."a.—"
my
�NV3&.L Je/70&V
A
9Lbb'L cep
169LC NI'-P-1
.,
141& N
3Al1VIlIN1 Wb9N1S VN170NV0 H1NON NN31S3M
�J)
ne�mve
,11-g tep A— VN S9SOl
11 uopezi1igeu Naajo anon
y
ozinliol�
suollnlog leluawuo�lnu3 punog uuaaul u3 x ,
b4-04 suo/109s-SSOJO )faaaO
9AOO
a
r
�x
ox
r
!
01-1
1r
r
a
t
+
�
N
N
C
0`1'x O
01.
q
Oa
n
0 X
ss
r
09
�! 2
08
0
r
0o
a
a
gk
!
!
Oy
a
l
r
o
r
x
`
ox
0
!
!
a
Dx
r
r
Oy
o
r
`
OD
O
x
r
a
4„
r01.
+
+
o�
Elevation
! o
h
o0 0
r'
o
rn
o x a
�
m
a rn
a
a
rIn
q%
X
k
k
01
!
01
0
0
99
00
r
xo
Dr
9
o
a
o
Oy
O
x
O
!
08
1
o
a
%
l
OX
01.
o
a
O
0
!
oy
O
0�0
1
Orr
001
%
x
O
`
01
O
ry
ry ry ry ry
01-1
0r
Elevation
+
4s„
001
0
o c
Ox
o
0
0�
xElevation
0
00
0
Oy
O
Elevation
a
1
ox
0
00
o
m2 O2 OZ
Elevation
w a a m

/
mv
gzpp cep :,.,/rON
am\ O3�,
\ /�
eAoo
/u��\/�&
}
° O
e�m
mU3
:
®y
of
of
_
\
a
2
\
\\
�.
\
> %
\
C3«
oo
o
%
}
o
2
2—
g
g
a@«_@
o
a
§
s\
7�
e
2
g
k
7
w&
�
u
C
«
0
co
\�—R
R�
g
s<�
R
g
9
7<<
2/
4/
r
J
ƒ
u�
�
§
U
°
©«
�
p
m«�@
q
e
�
§
%
/
3
*
b
g
�
u
�
�
�
�
E
�k
\
t
�
f
o
■
�
2
�
—
x=�
E
�
£
§
2
12
2
\
k
k
/
/
§
[
$
$
§
g
g
g
g
g
2
2§§
2
}
}
}
}
}
■
�
E
E
§

9Lppm cep:-,V"d
169LC NI `-1
41no tep A-4V4 S9SOl
suoilnlog 1eluawuo_iAu3 punog uuaaui u3
ON 'Aiunoo &5ne1&M 'p—egS
3AIlVIlIN1 WV3N1S VN170NVO 141NON NN3lS3M
11 uQW2i1pelg Naajo anon
oZib,ioXo selgelleolfoloydaoyV
10
o
lo
E
n
0
0
ui
r 1
0
V
M
O
m
m
10
m
n
uoi
V
Ln
O
o
O
0
O
00
ui
N
n
V
i--I
V
�
to
a --I
m
N
to
u,
c-I
I,
V
'O
C
o
N
d
ni
ti
O
d
Inl
-
ri
lb
ti
d
00
d
i--I
d,
M
in
f/i
ti
ry
l
V
6ti
l0
_
d
f,i
ob
om
V
d,
d
J,
'O
N
00
Lnn,
M
O
V
l^O
N
�-I
T
O
8
e-1
C)
Ln
M
In
O
O
c-1
�"'�
c
O
}
I,
iw-I
••
N
00
N
01
Oq
C
aJ
00
c
01
0D
..
N
0D
..
N
00
01
0D
N
0D
cm
M
M
6
00
01
00
O
01
00
••
OJ
0o
M
N
00
of
00
of
00
0o
c
'•
a!
bD
O
00
C
01
00
01
00
00
~
Naj
O
lnl
O,
M
l_1
i--I
i
m
fV
N
(„)
C
f0
C
M
K
M
K
C
M
K
C
R
C
f0
C
f0
C
c0
K
C
f0
0'
rl
M
,
In
C
m
C
f0
OC
00
C
C
N
K
C
R
C
m
c
f6
0'
C
M
K
C
N
f7
(1'
C
m
f0
K
C
R
K
C
1
w
c
c0
K
00
>
ry
00
N
00
p
m
\
N
N
m\
to
O
p^
\\\\\\�\\\\aa>
O\
M\
O
O
O\
�O
�O
a
0
m
O
fn
V
V
N
w\
6
pO
In
�4
14
r,
N�
M
V
l0
ry
�
N�
N�
ry
M
e•1
d
r,
0D
00
b0
In,
A
8
0p
bD
Ln
00
r1
0D
c•I
Ln
0D
00
'I
`''
ei
iio>aaa>aa
>
>
>
00
M
>
>
GU
>aoa>aa;�aa>>a
>
O
>
N
>
>
>
e••1
>
>
a
Q
a
Q
a
>
a>
a'
a
0
00
o
Ln
1O
QM1
N
�p
ID
11
Iq
m
o
m
n'i
Ln
o
NC,
0
V
O1
m
o
N
r1
n'i
N
In
Ln
oo
m
l0
to
m
p
1n
V
o0
00
m
M
In
Li
n
e-I
e-I
e•I
CJ
M
^
to
N
N
ry
M
ei
N
C
LA
ob
Lh
r=
m
0b
I�
d
d
v
-
c=1
M
ob
N
M
n
Iq
N
Lq
M
m
Ln
Y
l0
to
N
e-i
M
i
3
icy
n
e'I
rl
O,
O
O
e4
In
g
r•
Vi
R
O
4
m
O
�'-1
O
}
00
kq
p
c-I
07
00
••
Oo
N
00
OJ
00
Ol
m
00
"
N
••
N
00
••
01
0D
N
0A
0)
00
N
N
01
00
N
00
O
N
N
00
ai
••
O1
00
Ol
00
N
OD
OJ
00
ln,
0l
00
N
00
••
N
00
N
0D
..
OJ
00
..
Ol
OD
N
0A
GJ
0D
O
IT
In
M
OD
V
U
00
i-i
I,
N\
N
C
R
C
f0
C
m
K
C
m
OC
C
m
K
OD
C
C
f0
C
!D
C
f0
K
C
f0
0'
e•1
O
O
C
f0
C
10
OC
C
C
f0
K
C
f0
C
f0
C
10
0'
C
f0
K
C
N
C
f0
K
C
f0
C
f0
K
C
f0
c
t0
C
m
K
C
<D
K
N
0-0
N
oA
O
(.1
C
r-I
1
V
OC
\
K
\
\
00
\
M
\
I�
c0
OC
\
K
\
\
\
to
\
V
O
-
\
\
O,
f0
w
\
\
m
O0
\
\
\
to
\
to
of
\
\
V
\
\
to
\
\
\
\
N
>
Q
>
Q
N
.X
f
m
^
00
N
V
4
o
V
N
o
M
Iq
O
r,
N�
n
N
M
In
n
e-I
n
ry
CJl
N
c-1
O
e•I
N
W
00
10
00
00
0D
V
N
e-1
N
00
bD
00
.-I
00
O,
OD
0p
0l
00
n
Iq
00
10
Lrl
bA
00
r1
>
>
a
>
a
>
a
W
d0
>
>
a
>
s
>
a
O
o
>
a
c-I
>
>
a
>
a>
>
>
>>
>
a
>
a
>a
bba>
a
>
>
>a
>
a
>
a
as
a
a>
a
i
01
U
O
U
H
of
w
`
7
U
@
N
Et,
_
,--.
,--.
L
Y
N
w
L
O
O
O
a
S
v
.�Y..
L
.�Y..
L
p
'O
m
aL+
y
"
N
K�
'�
O
a+
L
+'
K
w
w
•O
K
+'
v
L
v
L
=,
a+
aOJ
C
a
0_
a
CL
Q
v
C
o`~
m
a
>
.
m
'O
a
m\
N
V
O
c
.1r
+'
'o
N
a+
L
a
a
'C
CL
G
r
c
6
Q
'
L
ar
O
L
a,
c
a
m
pv
txovai
cxo
....
a
a
7
__
O
O
O_
L
2
7
C
u
f0
J
C
O
to
O
`
a
Y
Y
x
f0
W
C
J
O
O
Ov
N
m
�..,
Y
Y
=
Y
C
y
3
"C
O
U
C
Y
V,
7
w
4J
N
O
m
m
O
d
a
In
m
OJ
m
o1
m
OJ
Ln
O
O
vNi
a
C
N
Y
C
C
C
r
c
m
C-
Iy
O
i
a+
C
N
In
-
m
w
w
w
O
a
O
O
0
O
o
d
O
,0
a
a
01
N
m
E
fO
p
1
m
m
m
f0
m
'o
m
-O
S
Y
LL
c
W
m
y
s
m
a
a
d
a
p
c
c
e
c
c
vo
a
m
m
m
O
d
c
E
m
,4A
N
W
H
W
P
P

6,o roa{q'nnnnnn ��-d a 3sraon my
9Lbb'L cep:-1/qd ., ON AlunoJ e5ne3aM 'PoowayS
t69LC N1 `aP-1 3At1V111Nt WV3N1S VN170NVO HINON NN3lS3M
q1-o tzbA-gVNs9sot-�a°Med 11uopezi1pelsNaajoanon y N
suoilnlos leluawuojiAu3 punos uuu3 aeui xms ozia iota I syej2Q uoljo/Ujsuoo
� a
-O p Ai
E io O Nw
4,��To �Co0v°.O O. 6t
o�Lc °
.0
o Q N°a 'O-
o a u
v c
c c0 c M p c co
d LL c
C fl- v O_ N� -O6OE"6 (u O u C d
E°c° `p'vY O vw � v ���'�o
O c LL O '^ 00 m u C -p -6 u
co Y> v ° _ m O v lu -O Ji ¢ o o E cco lu u c
U N v m m a c z v m .� p C p -O v
c u ,� w ,J v u v c co O a al o U 0
v p a ,J m 0 3 io - m co
C C N N Z d J C N d C N U .3 C ?� N O
o u v .uN w m m p h- M- c W E p y 3 p
U EO N < L) X Z O O_ O m W N O N pbp L M
z u v Y s u m 6 ~ E 3 6 a Eo E p m� v
Q c v �� - E m H p v of z v E c N p v v
W 3> 0 ° p v co O �w cn ' u v o u v p p N C, m-
'.' z .Lj U p co
z O O (0 N c0 ` j( u N Y T V°I j, x 4C 2 U d O N N 3
Q >. U v .. v Y v ¢ z ,,, d 3. d v u O .. c o -_
. p N Y -0 O x v o -p v u v c v ',.. v
p Y c o d H H m0_ E a0 O m m 0 Y E °i 3
Q w A v � N LL co
z -c
O C (0 m° -p W i U "p W H C (CO
`p_ x io E v m .. o Y v p v N v v p 0= E
O N L U C W N Z u d-2 4 N CL a. Z E d O c NCL
0 V1
v c' H °- O z v m m a -p al O
op p 3 v v N Q} a U x > °' L° O O L .� v % aci ¢ op
U Y C° C N
a " 2 cw m � c � d ° �v m ° °°N m E _ W 3: ,° ° ' gz (u 3 a° v
z H H m H "O N d W d N d' O T° O O O W O O T� Q N d O N N H mQ w nmH h ud m nC o n CL o
o=o8oa�a`�az
o5oa3 ma��,.a
3
g � M"
a� a3 aka
- o H2, Sp a€
a5
0
S
SQ
'r
ouzo
� o
�o w F
pO F¢w
o�
¢ u
Q .i
aS,agY w=o g=
J a LL
oo�m
m z
oal7z boo z
o Y
.. o w z g w
ao? o a
x3a�� ��o zox
w = a
m
°zti ��a<
cc xa�o3 ��� oa3 a
a x<'�Qi
=yO
5 z3<F <�
-III
_ w 3
o
- w � � � " a w = 3 m �
LL 3g�z< z m a
o
_
-II
J �< Qo �� a
o =o a z i
o xxlz w aw Ia a
a w a Cc
III
II
is za o
a � LLm� 3� w w � z
Z.
m wmz3a
\
x
o aow0�3z a
Z. aY 3
U o wad a6a
5ooa6
,
5a� 3Go
zF ova o
o w 3 a s
�I
awe mom= z
_ II -II
-I�II�I
w=w o 0 0
w
z z zza 3zpz ~a w o
=I -III
m <O a
_ �Oa2O oa,a YOo y
--
t 2 y
O G
_
-
O
G
Z: 0 - z J m
F
z o a `-`�`�� �o �w m
-
w 21o= g� o
z
o o ti a 3
0o wm3z a5� >o 0
3�za os�
E N
�3 `�'
m.Y
5
FLLoo
z o =
Z.
a a�oaa =�" owe �z
~ y
-E z
Z
a m>" ¢m
-
`� mmQoo o5ao Foo g� LL
Q�'a 0
Edmu
u

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn 1."a-11 my
9Lbb'LZL'cep :-,V"d ., ON AlunoJ eBne3aM 'PoowayS
t69LC N1 ` -1 3AIlVIlIN1 WV3N1S VN/70NVO H1NON NN3lS3M
,11-o tzbA—gVNs9sot za°Med ��uopezlllgeuNaa�Oano0 y CO
Ieluawuo�Inu3 punog uuaaul u3 xms ozlallolo Z S/I8120 UOIIORIlSUOo
n
E
�E° - EE
- - - E o
a Em -
- - - - EE x
w Ew° we rvo oEo-- o
w Gov OE - E-
_ -
o
o➢oEoEo
oo- °o
mEo_ E
mop
ELOQj oya
ZC g E E E a E E c E t _`m t E E o_o o-- m
o
_E-
O ELL az = gEN>
m aE_= Eo
E E
oi5 E-a o2 E a
© of E =
_-
- = Eo—— E_
U o Tma 0 oh
_
a = Eo— —°
°gym E - m E EEEz�o Ego
30 v =
Evov� o`o
we I/w „ E °m
o
Y J m = EL of °o
Ec v _ _
0 x XI IIJJJ� m^ N"' o&EE-wo ---
E�
r ,. °vt0 °
VO rc Q Z ` O � E� m m o v a �o E m c 3
EugEgoEQ o_---
3 a LL w oT
v�>oEr
E
r� E" -
s SEE o. o
-EE -o
E
E -
ov>=oo - -
Qa6,0
1 2 _ E`oE _LLo
m E E o 3
Em0E ---_m0E_ EE
of tv�>
°
) w 3 EEE Ea �'y °o05t=�yo�
--7 a
�o
0 3 '-i-,=.•�'_- __ - - - :9,---)--� a00
mp
EE l -
Z - - - °v>oE o
Q _ i _i E s m o o= ° y
_ o
> _ m - E EEEJ -rE!I�
v� w �Eo=
om = Ev =o
E '>N E--m-L�m J
oEo ESE oho
5o F aF aQ E�' I EZ = a l = E Ea1 0_°°0Ea-
.� c a E o o f a e E
y�''' E €- _ = x
y Eg ` ;€�v�EOEo_„avh v 6
0 0 0 v oEo ° o �Eo6
E�= � M e

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn I."a.—Il my
9Lbb'L cep:-1/qd ., ON AlunoJ eBne3aM 'PoowayS
t69LC NI `aP-1 3AIlVIlIN1 WV3N1S VN/70NVO H1NON NN3lS3M
q1-o tzbA—gVNs9sot za°Med ��uopezlllgeuNaa�Oano0 y
suollnlog Ieluawuo�Inu3 punog uuaaul u3 xms ozlallolo S S/I8120 UOIIORIlSUOo
n
o
`p UU
u o o gg
R o s o s£-6 2-6 3 m o 4 m 2
°�
N E L C O O O L 0 0)
o �,� ox
Uo mo�m�a e°-of^aomoo�o�_o
���o°`°a o a o� ocj o��Eo�ro= ='cxJ� �5
m o m m o T o o �- - o 0 0
- -o u
C N `p � o
-off 0000�ooE 'o o �z
00o'o2,y-6�``,ao°oa0�suE�a�-°a�°'s o�a�
o'? iEm-m sa�3 o-o '=EB ) o�� o�45s ,-U y
°' E �4 0 0 o-o o 0 0-0 m��£ °
u a 0 y U m m u> o x
o° a N m o s o
> N
xN N,� o
�x o L�:�4 o O�-° O� �m LLQ._ U' Q_ NQQ o
0
a E
0.
xON rE� U U U� 0 A
m z O 3
m w U m O m U
0¢ m° m U m ¢ O w 2 ° X O 6
m(7� Q�� i O Y QJ.,` y i 3 v •• v a .�i
/J .22 �E�kiEBco �
Nj©j� A Wj 2 e mQ U
I
W
z
M�ylj > v
¢ a z17
� m az
w 3:" ¢m-
J
z W 0
XO
,mcz¢Ed
¢ 10
¢ o o Q10
2i2i 3
¢ ¢ O ¢

6,o ro jq'niw,nn I."a.—'l my
9Lbb'LZL'cep :-1/vd ., ON 'AlunoJ eBne3aM 'PoowayS
169LC N1 'aP-1 3AIlVIlINI WV3NIS VN/70NVO HINON NN3lS3M
vl os tzr —v�N sssot a°Med ll uopezlllgelg Naa�O -o0 y Lo
suollnloS leluau.)uo-IAu3 punOS uuaaul u3 xms zzozlallolo b S/I8120 UOIIORIlSUOo
n
o¢ -
o� o¢ QOU ",, oz oo `s a a
0 00 o0 oQ wo �` 1 uQ -
J~°o o 0
='o
ul
lil
Q
°n o
u' ZO
�; 111 O�
g
LU
z;
F—
—
� 111 fill
.Ill'
'LU
� � %i � •,,, Q N 0 i3) 0
N o 0 N N N N N 0 Q
J _ �m t p O p co
GO (D O O
J c Q N
oz�O oo 3�� �oc3� o�� o
Om c O c o N 0
o a o o X° `o o a
U 0 t 0 c° 0 x p O 0
0 it/--;-,�--�---- E��ac`o�oaQo�°c 0�0
\\\
o o o O Q ° N
°° MMA > O N N 0 i� 0 t N t O c -p p c '^
oQ 'Il �y Z a 0 0 4 t c o o 3 0 0 O N
- .N c- p Q o)p o a o _ O o
0 o° 5 0 3
o Q N t o N 0 Q O
'� '� l`�'''� '� '� -0 - •x O a) o N o
o 0 0 o 0 c Q- ' N
x o T p o w a o a a o o t p o
O N o 0 0 0 0= O> t Q c >, O O i�
in w t 0 ad 0 9 d � Q o o o c c o� 3� o
O`o
Z � N c+, v Sri o
N
O > N o
Om 0
Y -o E'> N O' 0' o� O
m z °' o !Z £ c 0 T 0
(D O o 0 0 N j o O o t
0 0 •� -p N 0
Qo ��EEa o�> �o s?°
N O
°0s Q N N 0 N 0 o
Z .5 pl E Q N N o
'n OL 0 0 2 � c Q N N N
v U Z N O Q N o
_ t
D Qw 0 C - Q -0 O 0 N �.; o-0 0 N U N N
_ N -
L.L -0 0 0 -6 3 0 o o o 0 O N
W
Z O c o 0 j N c N
W az '� p- c 5> E o c o£
p o
Q D d �N > E 0 0 o a w o E- 0 0
ice' o �._ Q o o
Q o o c p o— N
zQ 3O1 NNV9 N 0 N N N 0 O t
O mnL NV9) _—_—_—_ _____—_—__ —____ N p t C o Q c t o c 0 'N j
NNV9 AO d01 - - - .� O ,,, p N 0 E -0 0
U a O t o o E p 0} o D-0 Q t
N
5; c c
t O} 0 0} O
o' 0 0} t
c c> o N
o 0 0 `0 O p 0 p o
�UdUs O'�,d-oQ Nt EU 34Q a)
O

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn
9Lbb'LZL'cep :-1/4d
bs�r-d a 3sraon
.,
my
ON/uunoO eBnecleM'ana0 JeBrrS
169LC N1
`aP-1
3AIlVIlINI WV3NIS VN/7ONVO HIN0N NN3lS3M
44H 1noS lZb ���S9SOl
ne�mve
11 uopezlllgelg Jlaa�O -o0
y
suollnloS leluau.�uo-IAu3 punOS
uuaaul ul
xms
zzozlailoio
3 S/I8120 UOIIORIlSUOo
n
o o
ono �E E �° o o� o°� 6 0 0
'oo
O
°o E E° o
0
g N
m
O
O
0
° 0 N 0 0 0
o m o
m
_3 E-
o o z
0, -o 0 o a' o N E 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0° -° -1-� ° 0°° m p
o 0 o 3 0 ° .`o o E o° o a
°oo as �Q Q — °—` o� o -� E
_= o
C 0� o 0 � O O U 0 0 0 S
O T o °
m
O
-E ° -�0P oo06m o
Z
o
3 pz
I
m 0 >
Qo0 QQ3o 00
�3m mm oo EQ Oo �m _o °
LC1.J
G
o '
a r >
0- p, ° o0Q°_h a�oo0o ° d�
o o° = o . o 3 0 0 C o m o o E 3: � 0 5
W
-
o °
0 3 0 0 �_- O o T ° 0 °� 0 2i
Q O 6 p - 0
Q C-6 0 O 0 Q
w
��
Q
Z
3
0 0-N o o 0
o°0 0 0 � L00 � Lo
y� j IS
O~
wz
>vi Noo �000 aE _3 E �oTo0 E 1
.Jw
az 0, 0,-°� 0 b� 23o 0 o
O
0 zn C�
rn
,I0
rL o` o0
w
��
O
E
>
w a op
nl,
80, 0oo�000 � �Q ono Qo6��
3oai _ ono _ "'oo� 00
=-
W
O
d 0
o
0Y °N Om0 0 ° OO ° NQO
0 3 0 N a m o a 0 0 a o 0
1,2 -0 0 0- 6 6 0-6 0 6� ° ° 0 0
DID 1 b E
3
0,0 Q
0 0 0 0° s 0 °J0 o w 0 �_
o.
°
o O ° o o �,
o O E m 0 0 0 0 ° o m 0 6 Q o - o o o E -3
/
a�
_
_
o Y°> o - Oy o 0- o ° Q Q N= 0 6�
N 0 , 0 0 '�'
-
w
_
Ebz" E-E 0 0
°°,
z
o
E o
�o�aoE0O�o 000��o�QY,3 0`o°oo°m
o° oEom°
- °° o
00�o>°
Q°ao?o
>303000pOo0��0 4o
OLLSo�
o'o 22000�00 oQQ
aQ�02
o o a
O Om-O�RYNS
�
3
Q�
I Q O O
m 0 0
m> E Eo2o sy �"o
ago N N�Q� Ez�� EOop � a�
h w
O m
¢
-6 E O 0 N 3 302
o C� -O Q o > N _° O N Q o
OQ �Ep100 0°-O'er-°o�Y
W
C
G
W p-
Qoo
=Q o
u�0
\\\
/r
I IJ�EoE
° 0 0 Q° K o° N
Em��-oE
0
LU
i
m m
Q Q `. Q
z
l �)
Jam_
Q�
O 0) 0, 4- 0� � 0°
off, �a�°E°� 0_006 0=.��-�6>0�O
LU
3v
,i
- M
who
_ ri OWN �o ooY o>-O ��Oo
po N0 O O >, S0 O O Q p -0 E-� O
LU
O� 2i O
to
ll
OBEo
C'l ��
- � '-0 -p Q NpNo 0 U Nh-o O O 0-6
0 0° O -0 0 N 0 o- o o N O� N N
� 0 0 0 0� '0
003hj0,,ES O 0 Oj�0 0,N0��10,
J
m (7 0
I
C O �-6 Q T 0 fl- o o o O O U O E 0 0 0
O
o
u
1 v
E °=°°° E m E o 0 0
CD
X O r
m O m
x
1�J
QZ
0`0-Em`a�0-m���o ° o 0> E„
- -0 -6 O� p N N 0 °-0 p 3 O E O
O��
0� i�J
¢
ox�m-o o-op °o
0
oo
EE Emoa�aa EQo- a�ioQo
a�
OmomdO oYo a�Y °�E-oO xO 0.� ENoo
6p�
N O
0 m o
0
/Iz,
�
h-E
o N° 0- 0 0 °-° o N 0 N N 0 p> 6 Q N" o N
m��cE �QO���x 0s�°m��E °aEOQ
.! \
I
O'
0 m
ZO N t,J uJo I� N U

6,o ro jq'nnnnnn I."a.—'l my
9Lbb'L cep:-,V"d ., ON AlunoJ eBne3aM 'PoowayS
t69LC N1 `aP-1 3At1V111Nt WV3N1S VN170NVO HINON NN3lS3M
,11-o tzbA—gVNs9sot za°Med ��uopezi�igeuNaa�Oano0 y
suoilnog eluawuo�inu3 punog uuaaui u3 xms ortaltolo 9 S/I8120 uQllorulsuoo
n
z�
i—
IF J�
ICI —ICI- o°
O �Illlllll�,z �.
z —� — N o .so
—III— a)
O ICI —ICI
o- =I I I 0)0
O 11=1 1= ° o K
z I1=1 D- = o a) E
O o a 0
—III-
u III —I � X
4 oao N
Q IIIIIIII zN � .0.)s�
z IIIIIII� OZ 0
O �E°Ma)
=1 1= w Q ° -0
,IIIII �II � zoo � z� o
Q`
IIIIIIII�N_ 0E 000a)
��QD-
�_
2 III —I 1= ¢ w
�
��
w III —III —I ° -
IIII 11= ° Z
o IIIIIIIIIIi Z
III —III oQ
II=III-
„III=
T
u T
-60 os °-omo mo °
uua
o m y o o s o
ao d�� o E �� o°
a�
o°
y Q a Q o
-o,-s�o�=o >a�
w��oE�s=-o os �a� �uo'�o
aJ� m ° ouuu
�o °= m=� u000ou-o
G m m Q LLO u o O J -° > S ° u'=. -o L N O O U N p o
om ° �o lVI a ��a�y o-6 E�oa�i°oa°--6 £°��>
Z maO s >F 000y �y°oN 34°o000�0°00
w�o ��'�°oa
2 orb dZ °�m�-
¢ ° N O N O Q Q CLLJ
~ '� c� zo mo oo °KI°
�ao aoo 0 °�--�ra�1 £3>u0000°0-6�ruo�°aoiuoo
L1.J w 2i o �Z �:-�•-_�- osc°¢�c° ° `a�o`o o �s o il a¢ ��< n�
o
i o
Q x o°m ,ram c
w 0 U 0 O
o °
�-2
00 / o� 0-6
(DO S as�000 =�mo p°o Soxoa�i
o
O INN o C N O— O M— ° O
-° O L ° W Q O C Q o
N O Q p s 0 0
O -° O
4,0
o-o n � s o °-s N m > m m
N o o N"°£ u
o f a Q o 0
-o o °o o -o �. -o �° -o o
O N
ul
0

6,o roa{q'nnnnnn �I-d a 3sraon my
9Lbp'L cep:-1/qd ., ON AlunoJ e5ne3aM 'PoowayS Q�
t69LC NI '-P-1 3At1V111Nt WV3N1S VN170NVO HINON NN3lS3M
q1-o tzbA—gVNs9sot za°Med 11uogezi1pelsNaajoanon y CO
suopnlos 1eluawuojiAu3 punos uuu3 aeui x , ortnitolo 2 sye}ap uoi}onl}suoo n
B—o
Di—tion
Ditch
P o
T
T T
y � u GY
a�
r
I
I�� I
F a�
JI
I
ImF I
aj
O �.
I
I I
xxo�
GS
� �
I
I I
°
U Qc^ Tig
c o y c N
9
y
=E
co
ay $ m e oA .
bso5 .3�
en o,
U
mo
ywy
ti
.aau °
;
a
a � G 5M
a p,'S
uti
ego j5
a
Ix�
o�
„o e
FA �
hH �
qol}t7 oogsaani0
io uuag
D
Ll�b�
E
=so��
E m
E o
a
z�
a
�
Y �
0
�
� �
3
F
§°�
[•��
d
d
oho �
0
0
Vm
� ec6
Q
0 0 YA
a
TIE

6{o roa{q'nnnnnn
9Lbb'LZL'cep :-1/4d
��-d a 3sraon
my
ONAlunoJ
eBne3aM 'PoowayS
Q�
169LC N1 `-P-1
.,
3AIlVIDNI WV3N1S VN170NVO HINON NN3lS3M
ne�mva
41no5top A-4�H S9SOl
11 uopezlllgelg Naa�O-o0
y
suollnloS leluawuo-lAu3 punOS
uuaaul U3 nms
ozinliolo
g S/I8120 U01j0r7JjSU00
m
..E
.zo
O
N O G N T— 6 E
N O O a
N
�NwEa�i EN a°Ji 'g -°
r ago
0.—y
o
Eal
Eo°N,_c ,, ;)�mo� oomrm �-°
`o E
-E20 a
°
NO�ao�yv
E ° o L c °
N
o
r o
o'" ° m
a
L O N C
y �, 1 =- 6N
O=�OO
O N N O
w 3 y E C
UZa V)�N U—OIn md°°yOO
BOOM°Opw NN'r y�NNONC�r/i-O
�LE
:. p y.•
N.0
—
O N
E
y 'O N y c_
O
.. N O .r — 0 w 2
V) OL) .. n O in o V) 3YC� (n to w E O�y�
O
2 U�
N
O+.•
10 r
�U' a0. A E
of m
l6ual lsod 'uiw „p
LU
U
—
7
U-
w r
(IIII
El
N
C �
IIII �
II=
aN
4l6ual lsod 'ulu.� „0
c U
U �
00
03
r
0 °0
m
—
c
0
0
Q
o
X
-O O
+ (D y
CO
w
\
N
O
O -
O
°J
w
o °�
w (7 N —
Ea
c
oE 0°E
Q
N
N O
N N ry
° m
z
'ulw �ZL o
o
�a ��
°
.�0V7�C-O
°
LU
o
o� Om`
o y
ZO
Q
O
N
>O
0
O
U ro O >
"'
—= 0
'� 0 0 0 N d
U
O- 0
E Z Q O
W C° N
m Z 0 0 y O L
0 O
0
O
l0
+U 0 y 0 O
s4'rEm
Z
> O
N
Z CO
O
O O
O
U C U N U
o ur C—
N
O C,_
d_-E
E o am,
Q
Jst
m
w F a d K V N
r/
e nc
0
0
n
a o
E O
w
a
�
ha 0
E

0
USFWS Correspondence Letter

United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
In Reply Refer To:
Project Code: 2022-0054812
Project Name: Brown
June 16, 2022
Subject: List of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed project
location or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:
The enclosed species list identifies threatened, endangered, proposed and candidate species, as
well as proposed and designated critical habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your
proposed project and/or may be affected by your proposed project. The enclosed species list
fulfills the requirements of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under section 7(c) of the
Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
Please note that new species information can change your official species list. Under 50 CFR
402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the Act, the accuracy of this species list
should be verified after 90 days. The Service recommends you visit the ECOS-IPaC website at
regular intervals during project planning and implementation to ensure your species list is
accurate or obtain an updated species list.
The purpose of the Act is to provide a means whereby threatened and endangered species and the
ecosystems upon which they depend may be conserved. Under sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(2) of the
Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 402 et seq.), Federal agencies are required to
utilize their authorities to carry out programs for the conservation of threatened and endangered
species and to determine whether projects may affect threatened and endangered species and/or
designated critical habitat.
A biological assessment (BA) or biological evaluation (BE) should be completed for your
project. A BA is required for major construction activities (or other undertakings having similar
physical impacts) considered to be Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the
human environment as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4332(2) (c))
(NEPA). For projects other than major construction activities, the Service suggests that a BE be
prepared to determine effects of the action and whether those effects may affect listed species
and/or designated critical habitat. E?ects of the action are all consequences to listed species or
critical habitat that are caused by the proposed action, including the consequences of other

06/16/2022
activities that are caused by the proposed action. A consequence is caused by the proposed action
if it is reasonably certain to occur and would not occur "but for" the proposed action..
Recommended contents of a BA/BE are described at 50 CFR 402.12. More information and
resources about project review and preparing a BA/BE can be found at the following web link:
https://www.fws. gov/office/asheville-ecological-services/asheville-field-office-online-review-
process-overview.
If a Federal agency determines listed species and/or designated critical habitat may be affected
by the proposed project, the agency is required to consult with the Service pursuant to 50 CFR
402. The Service is not required to concur with "no effect" determinations from Federal action
agencies. If consultation is required, the Service recommends that candidate species, proposed
species, proposed critical habitat, and at -risk species be addressed within the consultation. More
information on the regulations and procedures for section 7 consultation, including the role of
permit or licensed applicants, can be found in the "Endangered Species Consultation Handbook"
at the following web link: https://www.fws.gov/media/endangered-species-consultation-
handbook.
Migratory Birds: In addition to responsibilities to protect threatened and endangered species
under the Act, there are additional responsibilities under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA) to protect native birds from project -
related impacts. Any activity, intentional or unintentional, resulting in take of migratory birds,
including eagles, is prohibited unless otherwise permitted by the Service (50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12
and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)). More information about MBTA and BGEPA can be found at the
following web link: https://www.fws.gov/program/migratory-birds.
We appreciate your consideration of Federally listed species. The Service encourages Federal
agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species in their project planning
to further the purposes of the Act. Please contact our staff at 828-258-3939, if you have any
questions. In any future correspondence concerning this project, please reference the
Consultation Code which can be found in the header of this letter.
Attachment(s):
• Official Species List
• USFWS National Wildlife Refuges and Fish Hatcheries
• Migratory Birds
• Wetlands

06/16/2022
Official Species List
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the
requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether
any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed
action".
This species list is provided by:
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
[phone]

06/16/2022
Project Summary
Project Code: 2022-0054812
Event Code: None
Project Name: Brown
Project Type: Restoration / Enhancement of Waterbody
Project Description: stream restoration of Cove Creek
Project Location:
Approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https:
www. google.com/maps/(a)36.26906395,-81! 77853459498586,14z
"rwmw --
J
Counties: Watauga County, North Carolina

06/16/2022 3
Endangered Species Act Species
There is a total of 5 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.
Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include
species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species
list because a project could affect downstream species.
IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA
Fisheriesi, as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the
Department of Commerce.
See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially
within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office
if you have questions.
1. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an
office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
Mammals
NAME
STATUS
Gray Bat Myotis grisescens
Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6329
Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis
Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9045
Virginia Big -eared Bat Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus
Endangered
There is final critical habitat for this species. The location of the critical habitat is not available.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8369
Reptiles
NAME
STATUS
Bog Turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii Similarity of
Population: U.S.A. (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA) Appearance
No critical habitat has been designated for this species. (Threatened)
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6962

06/16/2022
Insects
NAME
Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9743
STATUS
Candidate
Critical habitats
THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA UNDER THIS OFFICE'S
JURISDICTION.

06/16/2022
USFWS National Wildlife Refuge Lands And Fish
Hatcheries
Any activity proposed on lands managed by the National Wildlife Refuge system must undergo a
'Compatibility Determination' conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the individual Refuges to
discuss any questions or concerns.
THERE ARE NO REFUGE LANDS OR FISH HATCHERIES WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA.

06/16/2022
Migratory Birds
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act! and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Actz.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
migratory birds, eagles, and their habitats should follow appropriate regulations and consider
implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
1. The Migratory Birds Treat. Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
3. 50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12 and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the
USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your
project location. To learn more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how this
list is generated, see the FAQ below. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this location,
nor a guarantee that every bird on this list will be found in your project area. To see exact
locations of where birders and the general public have sighted birds in and around your project
area, visit the E-bird data mapping tool (Tip: enter your location, desired date range and a species
on your list). For projects that occur off the Atlantic Coast, additional maps and models detailing
the relative occurrence and abundance of bird species on your list are available. Links to
additional information about Atlantic Coast birds, and other important information about your
migratory bird list, including how to properly interpret and use your migratory bird report, can be
found below.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures
to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY at the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be present and
breeding in your project area.
BREEDING
NAME SEASON
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Breeds Sep 1 to
This is not a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) in this area, but warrants attention Aug 31
because of the Eagle Act or for potential susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types
of development or activities.
Black -billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus Breeds May 15
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Oct 10
and Alaska.
https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9399

06/16/2022
NAME
BREEDING
SEASON
Canada Warbler Cardellina canadensis Breeds May 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Aug 10
and Alaska.
Golden -winged Warbler Uermivora chrysoptera Breeds May 1
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Jul 20
and Alaska.
https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8745
Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus Breeds Apr 20
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Aug 20
and Alaska.
Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor Breeds May 1
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Jul 31
and Alaska.
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Breeds May 10
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the continental USA to Aug 31
and Alaska.
Probability Of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be
present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project
activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and understand the
FAQ "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before using or attempting
to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence (■)
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your
project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week
months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see
below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher
confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for
that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee
was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is
0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12

06/16/2022
3
(0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
Breeding Season( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across
its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project
area.
Survey Effort (1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys
performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of
surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on
all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
■ probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Bald Ea
n-BCCe Ikka11....... + + ±
Vulnerable lt tttt ...+b .��� hal 1111111111111111
Vulnerable
Black-billed + +ITI Mq OR 11P' M� 1�
+�
Cuckoo ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ —+--+�—
BCC Rangewide '-- --
(CON)
Canada Warbler
BCC Rangewide ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ ,+++ ++1+
(CON)
Golden -winged ++"'" "„ +
Warbler
++++ ++++ ++++ + ++++ +++ +++ +++++--++
BCC Rangewide
(CON)
Kentucky Warbler
BCC Rangewide ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ $+++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++— —+-- —+--
(CON)

06/16/2022 4
Prairie Warbler �MMIF
++++ ++++ +++� ++++
BCC Rangewide +
(CON)
Wood Thrush +++ +
++++ +++++--++—
BCC Rangewide +++++1I I I I I ",' „
(CON) mmmm MMM
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Birds of Conservation Concern https://www.fws.gov/program/migratory-birds/species
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds https://www.fws.gov/library
collections/avoidinp--and-minimizinp--incidental-take-mip-ratorv-birds
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/
documents/nationwide-standard-conservation-measures.pdf
Migratory Birds FAQ
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts
to migratory birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize
impacts to all birds at any location year round. Implementation of these measures is particularly
important when birds are most likely to occur in the project area. When birds may be breeding in
the area, identifying the locations of any active nests and avoiding their destruction is a very
helpful impact minimization measure. To see when birds are most likely to occur and be breeding
in your project area, view the Probability of Presence Summary. Additional measures or permits
may be advisable depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of
infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified
location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern
(BCQ and other species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian
Knowledge Network (AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding.
and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as
occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as
warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in that area, an eagle (Eagle Act
requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore activities or
development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your
project area. It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list
of all birds potentially present in your project area, please visit the AKN Phenology Tool.
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds
potentially occurring in my specified location?

06/16/2022 5
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data
provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN). This data is derived from a growing
collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets .
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information
becomes available. To learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and
how to interpret them, go the Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me
about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering, migrating or present year-round in my
project area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding,
wintering, migrating or year-round), you may refer to the following resources: The Cornell Lab
of Ornithology All About Birds Bird Guide, or (if you are unsuccessful in locating the bird of
interest there), the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds guide. If a bird on your
migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it, if that bird does occur in your
project area, there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. "BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) that are of concern
throughout their range anywhere within the USA (including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands);
2. "BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation
Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA; and
3. "Non -BCC - Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on
your list either because of the Eagle Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non -eagles)
potential susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of development or activities
(e.g. offshore energy development or longline fishing).
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made,
in particular, to avoid and minimize impacts to the birds on this list, especially eagles and BCC
species of rangewide concern. For more information on conservation measures you can
implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird impacts and requirements for eagles,
please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species
and groups of bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the
Northeast Ocean Data Portal. The Portal also offers data and information about other taxa besides
birds that may be helpful to you in your project review. Alternately, you may download the bird
model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical
Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic
Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.

06/16/2022 6
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use
throughout the year, including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this
information. For additional information on marine bird tracking data, see the Diving Bird Study
and the nanotag studies or contact Caleb Spiegel or Pam Lorin.
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need to obtain a permit to avoid
violating the Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of
birds of priority concern. To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for
identifying what other birds may be in your project area, please see the FAQ "What does IPaC
use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be
aware this report provides the "probability of presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that
overlap your project; not your exact project footprint. On the graphs provided, please also look
carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical bar) and for the existence of the "no
data" indicator (a red horizontal bar). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey
effort is high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In
contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of
certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting point for
identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area, when they might
be there, and if they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list helps you
know what to look for to confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement
conservation measures to avoid or minimize potential impacts from your project activities,
should presence be confirmed. To learn more about conservation measures, visit the FAQ "Tell
me about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds" at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.

06/16/2022
Wetlands
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section
404 of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to
update our NWI data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine
the actual extent of wetlands on site.
FRESHWATER EMERGENT WETLAND
• Palustrine
RIVERINE
• Riverine

06/16/2022
IPaC User Contact Information
Agency:
Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting
Name:
Alan Babineau
Address:
10565 Hwy 421 South
City:
Trade
State:
TN
Zip:
37691
Email
[e-mail]
Phone:
4237274476

191
Soil Report

USDA United States
Department of
Agriculture
N RCS
Natural
Resources
Conservation
Service
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Watauga County,
North Carolina
Brown WNCSI- Cove Creek
Restoration
October 4, 2022

Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nres/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https:Hoffices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nres142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at [phone] (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call [phone] (voice) or [phone] (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.

Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................
2
How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5
SoilMap..................................................................................................................
8
SoilMap................................................................................................................9
Legend................................................................................................................10
MapUnit Legend................................................................................................
11
MapUnit Descriptions.........................................................................................11
Watauga County, North Carolina....................................................................
13
CkD—Chestnut-EdneyviIle complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes, stony.........
13
CkE—Chestnut-Edneyville complex, 30 to 50 percent slopes, stony ..........
14
RoA—Rosman fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally
flooded..................................................................................................
16
SnC—Saunook loam, central mountains, 8 to 15 percent slopes...............17
SnD—Saunook loam, central mountains, 15 to 30 percent slopes.............18
SoE—Saunook loam, central mountains, 30 to 50 percent slopes, very
stony..................................................................................................... 19
References............................................................................................................ 21

How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous
areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous
areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and
limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,
and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and
native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil
profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The
profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the
soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is
devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other
biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource
areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that
share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water
resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey
areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that
is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the
area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind
of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and
miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific
segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they
were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict
with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a
specific location on the landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented
by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to
verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them
to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).
Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character
of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil

Custom Soil Resource Report
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a
unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components
of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way
diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such
landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite
investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape,
and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the
soil -landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at
specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller
number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.
These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color,
depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for
content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil
typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties.
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists
interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed
characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the
soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through
observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management.
Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new
interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other
sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of
specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management
are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same
kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on
such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over
long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example,
soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will
have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict
that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

Custom Soil Resource Report
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,
fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.

Z
- Z
O -
v
�o �o
OCMb 0g, bK0 OLZK6 066Kov 0"Ko6 OMKM 096260
M „6Z,9b oT8 M„6Z,9b oT8
0
O
Q
L
= Q
O CO
w2
O
+.
O U)
U)
o
Ln
�R
Ev
O
7
U
N1
A
v
L
A
Ln
L>
X
o
a
�
fo
Q
O
p
8
yc
pp
Ln
N
Ln
Q
Q Q
m m
O O
yQQ
iv
M „O,Lb oT8
�
M„O,Lb oT8
0£"b6 0g£K6
z
o
�o
OLZb60b 066t7 0b 066t7 0b OMKM 096£60b
z
v
�o
m

N
N
y
>
O
a) 0
y
z
N
m o a)
a)
a)
a)
3:c o
U o
o
L
N
52
o
o.-_
a)
m m o
E
°�
a�i o U) w
=
y
=
U N E
N
U)
> -
>
m
O_
0
— U a)
Z
(U
O
0
O
C N
a) N a
(n
E
U)-0 O
O
E
a)
o_
O_ m
m E
a)
m
m m
O_ 3
U))
U
o
m
U N
O
a) y
a)
=
a)
N
E m y
U)
a) CJo
O m a)
'6 N
z
0
U)
E u)) o
Q
y
..-
a)
O C .�.-�
Q
(U
(n
O d
a) m
a) U) m
Q
N
O
3:
O
'6
a)
O `) N
U)
0
E
O W
U
N O O O N
(U Q
0
U)
Z
16
L
0-
m a)
N
G
O
Q
U m a)
L
y
C U) m
>. CL
a)
(U
c U)-0
p (l) Q
O
0
N
O
a)
O
3 (n
m
0
O_ �6 (j m
E
LL
>+
a)
(U
a)
p 6 a)
— C>
7 U
N O
T a) O .� U
O U O
"�-'
E a)
O (V
U N
U)
0
>, m
y
Z
ul
s
a)
O
a)
a)
O
E a) m
7 w U O w
O
— 'O
O)O
y
o_
N
US E
-0 a) m
(U
Q
U
m U
3 J>
O N O-'E O
m—
g>
a)
a) -O C O
iU
E
Qo m
m
m�
z E
- �Q �
a`) n
m
a)
o N 0-0
-E
y
o_
O
E C y
a)
>+
a) O
a) a) jU
aaci a)
(6
m
a)
m a)
m
E
O O) N
>'
p 'O
O y
O_ a) U)
a) U N (6 7
,U) '6
N Q
U) m
._
T
O '6 O O_
O
U)
C m N y
a) E o)
O a)
>
2 7 U
U) a)
.J 2i C (U N
U .O
U)
Q m
'C
O
L O N E
o_ m
U)
0
C
n
E a) .�
N '6 y
E
N
O — (6
O C
E m U
O a
: U a) ""
'6
O>
aa)
m O
a)
m
I�
O '6
N L,
p
y O
E
(U
2) O N �
a) 7
y y
a)
i U
U) U O
O_ a)
7 >+
U a)
E
y
O)
O O C
O N
N N N C N
m m
N a)
O
a) O
O_ .a? a) C)
(U O n�
N
—_
—_ O
N
°?
m
a) E miF
H �
S
O C O U
W E= U U)
a E
O
u)
U
O_ 'O Q m
L
H o
0 7
U) U)
O
U)—
0
L O L
H U. U)
Q
y
d y
R O
(i U
R
L
L
Q
Q
>,
00
L
d
Q
0 J N
CL m E
a) .0. O
m o
O
a
o
CL O
U) (n
>
N L_ y
O (n (n
�
o
°
a)
R m
U
3) .a Q
0
R
N
R
O
C
p
O
Z
< a
WR
4
R5
R
fVn
�
F
m
W
J
y
a
aCL
p
y
o
o
U)
Q
a
U
C
>
C C a)
> >
Q Q
a w
R
3 y
O >
a >
°
w o
°
o LU
Q
_
o
o
a co
R
R R w
LL 3
3
o T
a
w >
= `o
E
O
a)
o `o
U)
y
Q
0
(n
0 0 o
(n (n o m
o R
m U
o
U c7 c7
> R E
J J
Mn a)
a
O m
m U)
R a)
U) U)
a
in U)
O
U)
w
a
R ❑
■
y0 ❑ a i/
®
�ap�
<> { �
y�p�
"V
`}
!
o o
}�
�O
y
Q
y
0
r

Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
CkD
Chestnut-Edneyville complex,
1.1
5.0%
15 to 30 percent slopes,
stony
CkE
Chestnut-Edneyville complex,
12.3
54.7%
30 to 50 percent slopes,
stony
RoA
Rosman fine sandy loam, 0 to 3
7.2
31.9%
percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
SnC
Saunook loam, central
1.5
6.7%
mountains, 8 to 15 percent
slopes
SnD
Saunook loam, central
0.4
1.6%
mountains, 15 to 30 percent
slopes
SoE
Saunook loam, central
0.0
0.2%
mountains, 30 to 50 percent
slopes, very stony
Totals for Area of Interest
22.6
100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
11

Custom Soil Resource Report
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into Iandforms or
Iandform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha -Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
12

Custom Soil Resource Report
Watauga County, North Carolina
CkD—Chestnut-Edneyville complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes, stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2t2yq
Elevation: 1,460 to 4,180 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 41 to 61 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 124 to 176 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Chestnut and similar soils: 50 percent
Edneyville and similar soils: 40 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Chestnut
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,
crest
Down -slope shape: Convex, linear
Across -slope shape: Linear, convex
Parent material: Residuum weathered from granodioritic gneiss
Typical profile
Al - 0 to 2 inches: fine sandy loam
A2 - 2 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 22 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 22 to 29 inches: sandy loam
Cr - 29 to 80 inches: bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low (about 3.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4s
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
13

Custom Soil Resource Report
Description of Edneyville
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountaintop, side slope, crest
Down -slope shape: Convex, linear
Across -slope shape: Linear, convex
Parent material: Residuum weathered from gneiss and/or residuum weathered
from granodioritic gneiss
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 25 inches: loam
C1 - 25 to 40 inches: gravelly sandy loam
C2 - 40 to 80 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 7.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
CkE—Chestnut-Edneyville complex, 30 to 50 percent slopes, stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2t2yh
Elevation: 1,460 to 4,180 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 41 to 61 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 124 to 176 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Chestnut and similar soils: 70 percent
Edneyville and similar soils: 20 percent
14

Custom Soil Resource Report
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Chestnut
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes, mountain slopes, ridges
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,
crest
Down -slope shape: Convex, linear
Across -slope shape: Linear, convex
Parent material: Residuum weathered from granodioritic gneiss that is affected by
soil creep in the upper solum
Typical profile
Al - 0 to 2 inches: fine sandy loam
A2 - 2 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 22 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 22 to 29 inches: sandy loam
Cr - 29 to 80 inches: bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 30 to 50 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low (about 3.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6s
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Edneyville
Setting
Landform: Ridges, hillslopes, mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountaintop, mountainflank, crest, side
slope
Down -slope shape: Linear, convex
Across -slope shape: Convex, linear
Parent material: Residuum weathered from gneiss and/or granodioritic gneiss that
is affected by soil creep in the upper solum
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 25 inches: loam
C1 - 25 to 40 inches: gravelly sandy loam
15

Custom Soil Resource Report
C2 - 40 to 80 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 30 to 50 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 7.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
RoA—Rosman fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: ks72
Elevation: 1,690 to 2,590 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 50 to 58 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Rosman, occasionally flooded, and similar soils: 80 percent
Minor components: 5 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Rosman, Occasionally Flooded
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 10 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 10 to 59 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 59 to 80 inches: fine sandy loam
it.

Custom Soil Resource Report
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Very low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 42 to 60 inches
Frequency of flooding: Occasional
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 8.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2w
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Ecological site: F130BY012WV - Non-Hydric Flood plains
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Toxaway, undrained
Percent of map unit. 5 percent
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down -slope shape: Concave, linear
Across -slope shape: Concave, linear
Hydric soil rating: Yes
SnC—Saunook loam, central mountains, 8 to 15 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. 2xpcp
Elevation: 1,390 to 4,440 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 41 to 63 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 132 to 180 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Map Unit Composition
Saunook, central mountains, and similar soils: 80 percent
Minor components: 5 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Saunook, Central Mountains
Setting
Landform: Coves, drainageways, fans
Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
17

Custom Soil Resource Report
Down -slope shape: Convex, linear
Across -slope shape: Convex, linear
Parent material: Colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 9 inches: loam
Btl - 9 to 35 inches: loam
Bt2 - 35 to 80 inches: cobbly loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 8 to 15 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 8.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Nikwasi, central mountains, frequently flooded
Percent of map unit. 5 percent
Landform: Depressions, flood plains
Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope, rise
Down -slope shape: Concave, linear
Across -slope shape: Concave
Hydric soil rating: Yes
SnD—Saunook loam, central mountains, 15 to 30 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2xper
Elevation: 1,740 to 4,320 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 42 to 63 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 132 to 180 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Saunook, central mountains, and similar soils: 85 percent
18

Custom Soil Resource Report
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Saunook, Central Mountains
Setting
Landform: Drainageways, fans, coves
Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down -slope shape: Linear, convex
Across -slope shape: Linear, convex
Parent material: Colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 9 inches: loam
Btl - 9 to 35 inches: loam
Bt2 - 35 to 80 inches: cobbly loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 8.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
SoE—Saunook loam, central mountains, 30 to 50 percent slopes, very
stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2xpcv
Elevation: 1,680 to 4,540 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 44 to 59 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost -free period: 132 to 180 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Saunook, central mountains, very stony, and similar soils: 85 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
19

Custom Soil Resource Report
Description of Saunook, Central Mountains, Very Stony
Setting
Landform: Drainageways, fans, coves
Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down -slope shape: Linear, convex
Across -slope shape: Linear, convex
Parent material: Colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 9 inches: loam
Btl - 9 to 35 inches: loam
Bt2 - 35 to 80 inches: cobbly loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 30 to 50 percent
Surface area covered with cobbles, stones or boulders: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate (about 8.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: F130BY004WV - Mesic Residuum Warm Aspect
Hydric soil rating: No
20

References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
n res/d eta i I/n ati o n a I/s o i Is/?cid = n res 142 p2_0 54262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www. nres. usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www. nres. usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nres142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/
detail/national/landuse/rangepastu re/?cid=stelprdb1043084
21

Custom Soil Resource Report
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
n res/d eta i I/so i Is/scie ntists/?cid=n res 142 p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?
cid = n res 142 p2_05 3624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:H
www.nrcs.usda.gov/lnternet/FSE—DOCUMENTS/nrcsl 42p2_052290. pdf
22

7
Wetland Determination

Wetland Determination
Brown WNCSI Project Site
Sherwood Watauga County, North Carolina
Date of Determination
October 14, 2022
Prepared By:
�i
Brushy Fork Environmental Consulting
10565 HWY 421 South
Trade, Tennessee 37691

N
U
Z
c
O
E
U
z r-4
-0o
O N
N�

WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM — Eastern Mountains and Piedmont
Project/Site: Ronnie Joe Brown
Applicant/Owner: Ronnie Joe Brown
Investigator(s): A. Williams, S. Bellaman
Landform (hillslope, terrace, etc.): Floodplaln
Subregion (LRR or MLR,,,,. LRR N 130
Soil Map Unit Name: Rosman fine sandy loam
City/County: Sherwood/Watauga
State: NC
Section, Township, Range: Sherwood, NC
Local relief (concave, convex, none):
Lat: 36.2693532 Long:-81.7769607
Sampling Date: 8/18/2022
- Sampling Point: S1
NWI classification:
Slope (%):
Datum:
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes X No (If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology significantly disturbed? Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes X No
Are Vegetation Soil or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed, explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS — Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No X
Is the Sampled Area
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X within a Wetland? Yes No X
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No X
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Secondary Indicators (minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators (minimum of one is required:
check all that apply)
❑ Surface Soil Cracks (B6)
_❑
Surface Water (Al)
True Aquatic Plants (B14)
❑ Sparsely Vegetated Concave Surface (B8)
❑
High Water Table (A2)
Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (Cl)
❑ Drainage Patterns (B10)
Saturation (A3)
❑ Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots (C3)
❑
Moss Trim Lines (B16)
Water Marks (B1)
❑ Presence of Reduced Iron (C4)
❑
Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
Sediment Deposits (B2)
❑ Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils (C6)
❑
Crayfish Burrows (C8)
❑
Drift Deposits (B3)
❑ Thin Muck Surface (C7)
❑
Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery (C9)
❑
Algal Mat or Crust (B4)
❑ Other (Explain in Remarks)
❑
Stunted or Stressed Plants (D1)
❑
Iron Deposits (B5)
❑
Geomorphic Position (D2)
❑
Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (67)
.❑
Shallow Aquitard (D3)
❑
Water -Stained Leaves (B9)
❑
Microtopographic Relief (D4)
❑
Aquatic Fauna (B13)
❑
FAC-Neutral Test (D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes No X Depth (inches): 0
Water Table Present? Yes No X Depth (inches). 12
Saturation Present? Yes No X Depth (inches): '12
(includes capillary fringe)
gauge,
previous
sample taken river right of Cove Creek in mowed hayfield
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes
ns
No X
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Interim Version

VEGETATION (Five Strata) - Use scientific names of plants.
Sampling Point: S1
Absolute Dominant Indicator
Dominance Test worksheet:
Tree Stratum (Plot size: 30x30 )
% Cover Species? Status
Number of Dominant Species
1.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 0 (A)
2.
Total Number of Dominant
3.
Species Across All Strata: 1 (B)
4.
Percent of Dominant Species
5.
That Are OBL, FACW, or FAC: 0.0% (A/B)
6.
Prevalence Index worksheet:
7
= Total Cover
Total % Cover of: Multiply by:
Sapling Stratum (Plot size: 30x30 )
OBL species 0 x 1 = 0
1.
FACW species 0 x 2 = 0
2.
FAC species 0 x 3 = 0
3.
FACU species 91 x 4 = 364
4.
UPL species 9 x 5 = 45
5.
Column Totals: 100 (A) 409 (B)
6
Prevalence Index = B/A = 4.09
7.
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
= Total Cover
Shrub Stratum (Plot size: 30x30 )
_ 1 - Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
1.
_ 2 - Dominance Test is >50%
2
_ 3 - Prevalence Index is 53.0'
3
_ 4 - Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
4.
Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
5.
_
6.
Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must
7.
be present, unless disturbed or problematic.
10x10
= Total Cover
Definitions of Five Vegetation Strata:
Herb Stratum (Plot size: )
1 Festuca pratensis
89 Yes FACU
Tree - Woody plants, excluding woody vines,
2 Daucus carota
9 No UPL
approximately 20 ft (6 m) or more in height and 3 in.
(7.6 cm) or larger in diameter at breast height (DBH).
3 Trifolium pratense
1 No FACU
q Solanum carolinense
1 No FACU
Sapling - Woody plants, excluding woody vines,
approximately 20 ft (6 m) or more in height and less
5
than 3 in. (7.6 cm) DBH.
6.
Shrub - Woody plants, excluding woody vines,
7.
approximately 3 to 20 ft (1 to 6 m) in height.
8.
9
Herb -AII herbaceous (non -woody) plants, including
herbaceous vines, regardless of size, and woody
10.
plants, except woody vines, less than approximately
11.
3 ft (1 m) in height.
12.
Woody vine - All woody vines, regardless of height.
100 = Total Cover
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size: 30x30 )
1.
2.
3.
4
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
5.
Present? Yes No X
= Total Cover
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
mowed hayfield
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont - Interim Version

SOIL
Sampling Point: S1
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(inches) Color (moist) % Color (moist) % Type Loc Texture Remarks
0-2 10YR 4/3 100 Loam
2-12 10YR 4/4 100
'Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion,
Hydric Soil Indicators:
H
Histosol (A1)
Histic Epipedon (A2)
❑ Black Histic (A3)
Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
Stratified Layers (A5)
2 cm Muck (A10) (LRR N)
Depleted Below Dark Surface (A11:
Thick Dark Surface (Al2)
Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1) (LRR N,
MLRA 147, 148)
Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
Sandy Redox (S5)
❑ Stripped Matrix (S6)
Restrictive Layer (if observed):
TVDe:
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
RM=Reduced
Loam
MS=Masked Sand Grains. 2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Sc
Dark Surface (S7)
❑ 2 cm Muck (A10) (MLRA 147)
Polyvalue Below Surface (S8) (MLRA 147, 148)
❑ Coast Prairie Redox (A16)
Thin Dark Surface (S9) (MLRA 147, 148)
(MLRA 147, 148)
Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
❑ Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19)
❑
Depleted Matrix (F3)
(MLRA 136, 147)
.❑
Redox Dark Surface (F6)
Red Parent Material (TF2)
Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
Very Shallow Dark Surface (TF12)
Redox Depressions (F8)
❑
Other (Explain in Remarks)
Lj Iron -Manganese Masses (F12) (LRR N,
MLRA 136)
❑ Umbric Surface (F13) (MLRA 136, 122) 3Indicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
❑ Piedmont Floodplain Soils (F19) (MLRA 148) wetland hydrology must be present,
unless disturbed or problematic.
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No X
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont — Interim Version