20141108 Ver 1_401 Application_20141014

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Office Use Only:
Corps action ID no.
DWQ project no.
Form Version 1.4 January 2009
Page 1 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1.4 January 2009
Pre - Construction Notification (PCN) Form
A.
Applicant Information
1.
Processing
1a.
Type(s) of approval sought from the Corps:
❑X Section 404 Permit ❑ Section 10 Permit
1b.
Specify Nationwide Permit (NWP) number: 27 or General Permit (GP) number:
1 c.
Has the NWP or GP number been verified by the Corps?
❑ Yes ❑X No
1d.
Type(s) of approval sought from the DWQ (check all that apply):
❑X 401 Water Quality Certification — Regular ❑ Non -404 Jurisdictional General Permit
❑ 401 Water Quality Certification — Express ❑ Riparian Buffer Authorization
1 e.
Is this notification solely for the record
because written approval is not required?
For the record only for DWQ
401 Certification:
❑ Yes ❑X No
For the record only for Corps Permit:
❑ Yes ❑X No
1f.
Is payment into a mitigation bank or in -lieu fee program proposed for
mitigation of impacts? If so, attach the acceptance letter from mitigation bank
or in -lieu fee program.
❑ Yes No
1 g.
Is the project located in any of NC's twenty coastal counties. If yes, answer 1 h
below.
❑ Yes ❑X No
1 h.
Is the project located within a NC DCM Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)?
❑ Yes ❑X No
2.
Project Information
2a.
Name of project:
Richard Barlowe Stream Stabilization Project
2b.
County:
Caldwell
2c.
Nearest municipality / town:
Town of Gamewell
2d.
Subdivision name:
N/A
2e.
NCDOT only, T.I.P. or state project no:
NIA
3.
Owner Information
3a.
Name(s) on Recorded Deed:
MARSHALL BARLOWE
3b.
Deed Book and Page No.
06 -238 - 1- 16, 06 -238 - 1- 11
3c.
Responsible Party (for LLC if
applicable):
IX
3d.
Street address:
3215 Auld Farm Road 0 C
3e.
City, state, zip:
Lenoir, NC 28645 14
3f.
Telephone no.:
828- 302 -0900 40� e wgr�R
3g.
Fax no.:
pERMiC�s
3h. Email address:
Page 1 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1.4 January 2009

4.
Applicant Information (if different from owner)
4a_
Applicant is
❑ Agent ❑ Other, specify
4b
Name.
4c
Business name
(if applicable)
4d
Street address
4e
City, state, zip
4f-
Telephone no-
4g
Fax no
4h
Email address
5.
A0ent/Consultant1riformation (ifapplicable)
�5a
Name:
William Faulkner
5b Business name
(if applicable)
Natural Resources Conservation Service
5c
Street'address
120 Hospital Avenue NE
,5d
City ,,, state, zip
Lenoir,'NC 28645
5e
Telephone no
828 , 758 -1111 or 828 -439 -9727, ext 3
5f.
Fax,no
828 -758 -7257
5g
Email address
wilham faulkner @nc usda gov
Page 2 of 10

B.
Project Information and' Prior Project History
1.
Property Identification
1a. Property identification no (tax'PIN,orrparcel ID)-
2738477177, 27384721'38
1'b
Site coordinates (in decimal degrees)
I Latitude 35885336 Longitude 81 583597
1c
Property size
2128 acres
2.
Surface Waters
2a
Name of nearest body of water to proposed project
Abingdon,Creek
2b
Water Quality Classification,of nearest receiving water
C
2c
River basin
Catawba
3.
Project Description
3a Describe the existing conditions on the site and the general land use in the vicinity of the project at the time of this
application
The property consists of agricultural cropland west of Abingdon Creek with wooded'land east of the stream Abingdon Creek which runs through the
property is unstable The channel has migrated laterally in multiple meander bends likely due tostraighternng and channelization in the'past, an over)
wide channel, and a., high width /depth ratio This process is continuing to erode, multiple vertical mass wasting, banks Large logjams, exist
3b
List the total estimated acreagp�of all existing wetlands on'the,;property: 0
3c
List the total,estimated'linear feet of all existing streams, (intermittent and perennial) on the property 2,207
3d Explain the purpose of the proposed project.
The purpose of the project. is to address the stream's dimension, pattern,and profile to improvesediment transport and stop bank erosion
3e Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used
The project will consist of in- stream structures constructed of rock, log vanes, streamside herbaceous vegetation, and streamside woody vegetation
4.
Jurisdictional Determinations
4a
Have jurisdictional Welland or stream determinations by the
Corps�or State been requested, or obtained for this property /
m
ro ect; cludin all riot phases) in the past?
❑ Yes ® No ❑ Unknown
Comments '
4b
Ifthe,Corps made,thejurisdictional determination, what type
of determination was made?
❑ Preliminary ❑ Final,
4c
If yes, who delineated the jurisdictional areas?
Name (if known)
Agency /Consultant Company
Other
4d
If yes, list the dates of the Corps jurisdictional'determinations or State determinations and attach documentation
5.
Project History
5a
Have permits or certifications, been requested or obtained for
this, project (including all prior" phases) in the past?
1:1 Yes X❑ No ❑ Unknown
5b
If yes, explain in detail according °to "help file" instructions
6.
Future Project Plans
6a
Is this a phased project?
❑ Yes ® No
6b
If yes, explain
Page 3 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1 4 January 2009

C. Proposed Impacts Inventory
1. Impacts Summary'
1 a Which sections,were completed below for your project (check all that apply)
❑ Wetlands, ❑X Streams — tributaries ❑ 'Buffers ❑ Open Waters ❑ Pond'Construction
2. Wetland Impacts
If there are wetland impacts proposed on the site, then complete this question for each wetland area impacted
2a
Wetland impact
number
Permanent (P) or,
Temporary T,
2b
Type ofimpact
2c
Type of wetland
2d
Forested
2e
Type of jurisdiction
Corps (404,10) or
DWQ (401, other)
2f
Area of
impact
(acres)
W1
Choose one
Choose;one
Yes /No
-
W2
Choose one
Choose one
Yes /No
VV3
Choose,one
Choose one
Yes /No
W4 -
Choose one
Choose one
Yes /No
W5 -
Choose one
Choose one
Yes /No
W6
Choose,one
Choose one
Yes /No
2g Total'Wetland Impacts:
2h Comments
3. Stream Impacts
If there.are perennial or intermittent stream impacts (including temporary impacts) proposed on the site, then complete this
question for all stream sites impacted
3a
Stream impact
number
Permanent (P) or
Temporary (T)
3b
Type of 'impact
3c
Stream,name
3d
Perennial (PER) or
intermittent (INT)?
3e
Type of
jurisdiction
3f.
Average
stream
width
(feet)
3g
Impact
length
(linear
,feet)
S4 P
Excavation
Abingdon
PER
Corps -DWQ
22
350
S2 P
Fill
Abingdon
PER
Corps -DWQ
22
350
S3 P
Stabilization
Abingdon
PER
Corps -DWQ
22
707
S4
Relocation
Abingdon
PER
Corps -DWQ
22
200
S5
Choose one
-
-
S6
Choose one
-
-
3h Total stream and tributary impacts
1,607
31 Comments
Fill, Excavabon,,Stabilization and Relocation overlap in several locations along the protect reach The total stream and tributary impacts are longer
than the project reach
Page 4 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1 4 January 2009

4. Open Water Impacts
If there are proposed impacts to lakes, ponds, estuaries, tributaries, sounds, the Atlantic,Ocean, or any other open water of
the U.S then individual) V list all open water'im acts bdl'ow,
4a'
Open water
impact number
Permanent (P) or
Temporary T
4b
Name of waterbody
(if applicable)
4c
Type of impact
4d
Waterbody
type
4e
Area of impact (acres)
01
Choose one
Choose
O2 -
Choose one
Choose
03
Choose one
Choose
04
Choose one
Choose
4f 'Total open Water impacts
4g Comments
5. Pond or Lake Construction
If pond or lake construction proposed, the complete the chart below
5a
Pond ID number
5b
Proposed use or
purpose of pond
5c
Wetland Impacts (acres)
5d
Stream Impacts (feet)
'Se
Upland
(acres)
Flooded
Filled
Excavated
Flooded
Filled
Excavated
P1
Choose one
P2
Choose one
5f Total:
5g Comments
5h Is a dam high hazard permit required?
❑ Yes ❑ No 1f'yes, permit ID no-
51 Expected pond surface area (acres)
5j Size of pond watershed (acres)
5k Method of construction
6. Buffer Impacts #or DWQ)
If project will impact a protected npanan buffer, then complete the chart below- If °yes; then individually list all,Uuffer impacts
below If any impacts require mitigation., then vou MUST fill out Section D,of this,form
6a. Project is in which protected basin?
❑ Neuse ❑ Tar - Pamlico ❑ Catawba ❑ Randleman '❑ Other-
6b
Buffer Impact
number —
Permanent (P) or
Temporary T
6c
Reason for impact
6d
Stream name
6e
Buffer
mitigation
required?
6f
Zone 1
impact
(square
feet )
6g
Zone 2
impact
(square
feet
B1
Yes /No
B2
Yes /No
B3
Yes /No
B4 -
Yes /No
B5
Yes /No
B6 -
Yes /No
6h Total, Buffer Impacts:
61 Comments
Page-5 of 10

D. Impact Justification and Mitigation
1. Avoidance and Minimization
1a Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts in designing project
The work consists of stabilizing the stream channel /banks on approximately 707' of,stream plus 60' of tributary The majority of the work will be bank
shaping, fifteen in- stream rock or log structures and approximately 200' of relocation The proposed impacts will enhance the stream corridor
providing increased,aquatic and terrestrial wildlife habitat'and improved water quality
lb Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed'impacts through construction techniques
All graded areas will be seeded The new stream bank profile wil l be protected by erosion,control matting while vegetation. is, being established
Woody plants (livestakes and /or rooted seedlings) will be a vital part of the final'stabilization
2. Compensatory Miti ation,,for Impacts to Waters of the U.S. or,Waters of the,State
2a Does the project require Compensatory Mitigation j&
impacts'to Waters,of the U'S' or Waters of the State?
E] Yes ® No
2b. If yes, mitigation'is required by,(check all that apply)
❑ DWQ ❑ Corps
2c If yes, which mitigation option will be used for this
projects
❑ Mitigation bank
❑'Payment to in- Ileu °feeprogram
❑ Permittee Responsible Mitigation
3. Com lete.if Using a Mitigation Bank
3a Name,of Mitigation Bank
3b Credits Purchased (attach receipt and letter)
Type Choose one
Type Choose one
Type Choose one
Quantity.
Quantity*
Quantity
3c Comments
4. Complete if Making a Payment to In -lieu Fee Pro ram
4a Approval letter from in- lieu,fee program is attached
❑ Yes
4b Stream mitigation requested
linear feet
4c If using stream mitigation, stream temperature
Choose,one 1
4d Buffer mitigation requested (DWQ only)
square feet
4e Ripanan °wetland mitigation requested
acres
4f Non- ripanan wetland mitigation requested
acres
4g Coastal (tidal) wetland mitigation, requested
acres
4h -Comments
5. Complete if "Using a Permittee Responsible, Mitigation Plan
5a If using a permittee responsible mitigation plan, provide a'description of`the proposed mitigation plan
Page 6 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1 4 January 2009

6. Buffer Mitigation (State Regulated Riparian Buffer Rules) — required by DWQ
6a Will the project result in ,an impact within a protected riparian buffer that requires
Yes X No
buffer mitigation?
6b. If yes, then identify the square•feet of"impact,to each zone of the riparian buffer,that requires mitigation CalculateAhe
amount,of,mitigation required
6c
6d
6e
Zone
'Reason for impact,
Total impact
Multiplier
,Required mitigation
(square feet)
`(square4eet)
Zone 1
3 (2 for Catawba)
Zone 2
1 5
6f Total buffer mitigation required:
6g If buffer mitigation issequired, discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (e g , payment to,pnvate mitigation bank,
permittee responsible riparian buffer restoration, payment into an approved in -lieu feerfund)
6h Comments
Page 7 of 10

E.
Stormwater Management and Diffuse Flow Plan (required by DWQ)
1.
Diffuse Flow Plan
1a
Does the project include or is it adjacent to protected npanan buffers identified
❑ Yes ® No,
within one of the NC Riparian Buffer,Protection Rules?
lb
If yes, then is a diffuse flow plan included? If no, explain why
❑ Yes ❑ No
2.
Stormwater Management Plan
2a
What is the,overall percent imperviousness of this project?
0
2b
Does this project require a Stormwater Management Plan?
❑ Yes ® No
2c
If this project DOES NOT require a Stormwater Management Plan, explain why
This project is located omagncultural farmland /woodland Bioengineering techrnquesmill be used to stabilize
the;stream channel and banks Woody
and herbaceous vegetation will be established and maintained, along the construction zone,
2d
If this project DOES require a Stormwater Management Plan, then provide a brief, narrative description of the plan
2e
Who will be responsible for the review of the Stormwater Management Plan?
3.
Certified Local Govern ment.Stormwater Review
3a
In which local govern ment's, urisdiction is this project?
❑ Phase II
'Which
❑, NSW
3b
of-thefollowing locally - implemented stormwaterlmanagement programs
°that
❑, USMP
apply (check all apply)*
❑ Water Supply Watershed
[:],Other
3c
Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been
❑Yes ❑ No
attached
4. DWQ Stormwater Program Review
. ❑Coastal counties
❑HQW
4a
Which of the,following state - implemented stormwater management, programs apply
❑ORW
(check all that apply).
❑Session Law 2006 -246
[:]Other
4b
Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been
❑'Yes ❑ No
attached?
5. DWQ 401 Unit Stormwater Review
5a
Does the�Stormwater Management Plan meet the appropriate requirements?
❑ Yes ❑ No
5b
Have all of the 401 Unit submittal requirements been met?
❑ Yes No
Page 8 of 10
PCN Form — Version 1 4 January 2009

F. Supplementary Information
1.
Environmental Documentation (DWQ Requirement)
la
Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal /state /local) funds or the
® Yes ❑ No
use of public (federal /state) land?
lb
If you answered "yes" to the above, does the project require preparation of an
environmental, document pursuant to the requirements of the National or State
❑ Yes ® No
(North Carolina) Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
1c
If you answered "yes" to the above, has the documenkeview been finalized by the
State Clearing House? (if so, attach a copy of the NEPA,or SEPA final approval
letter ) ,
❑ Yes ❑ No
Comments
2.
Violations (DWQ Requirement)
2a
Is the site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H 0500), Isolated
Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H 1300), DWQ Surface Water or Wetland Standards,
[3 Yes ❑ No
or Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC,2B 0200)?
2b.
Is this an after- the -fact permit'apphcation?
El Yes ❑ No
2c
If you answered "yes" to one or both of the above questions, provide an explanation of the violation(s)
3.
Cumulative Impacts (DWQ Requirement)
3a
Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in
❑ Yes ❑ No
additional development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality?
- -
3b
J
If you answered "yes" to the above, submit,a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact'analysis in accordance with the
most recent DWQ policy If you answered "no," provide a short narrative description -
4.
Sewage Disposal (DWQ Requirement)
4a Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non- discharge,or discharge)
of wastewater generated from
the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility
Page 9 of 10
PCN Form — Version 14 January 2009

5. Endangered,Species,and Designated Critical Habitat (Corps Requirement)
5a Will this project occur in or near an,area with federally protected species or
Yes X No
El ❑
habitat?
5b Have you checked with the USFWS concerning Endangered Species,Act
®Yes ❑ No
impacts
5c If yes,'indicate the USFWS Field Office�you have contacted
Asheville
5d What data sources did you use to determine whether your site`would impact, Endangered Species or Designated Criticah
Habitat?
NC OneMap Geospatial Portal (Natural Heritage Element Occurrences July 2014) and,(Natural Heritage Program Natural Areas July 2014)
6. Essential Fish Habitat (Corps Requirement)
6a Will this project occur in or near an area designated as essential fish habitat?
❑ Yes ❑X ' No
6b What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would Impact Essential Fish Habitat?
Essential Fish Habitat (EFH),Mapper
7. Historic or Prehistoric Cultural Resources (Corps Requirement)
7a Will this project occur in or near an area that the�state, federal or tribal
governments have designated as having historic or cultural preservation
❑ Yes ® No
status (e g , National Historic Trust,desig nation or properties significant in
North Carolina `history and archaeology)?
7b What data sources did you,use to determine, whether your site would impact historic or archeological resources
Request for Cultural'Review, CRS, NRCS, 1835 Assembley�Street, Room 950, Columbia, SC 29201, report-7/25/14
8. Flood Zone Designation (CorpsRequirement)
8a Will this project occur in a FEMA- designated 100 -year floodplain?
Q Yes [],No,
8b If yes, explain how project meets FEMA requirements
The project will stabilize the stream banks and ad&correct dimension and profile back to the channel
8c What source(s) did you use to make the,floodplain determination?
NC Floodplam Mapping Program
Richard Barlowe
Dare ...
Applicant/Agent's Printed Name
A licant/ ent's Signature
PP 9 9
(Agent's signature is valid only'd,an authorization
letter from the applicant,is provided
'Page 10 of 10

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CONTENTS
Location Map
Narrative
Landowner Guidance for Contracting Stream Projects
Specifications
. • In- stream Structures Constructed of Rock
• Log Vanes
• Streamside Herbaceous Vegetation
• Streamside Woody Vegetation
Construction Drawings
• Sheet 1: Project Overview,
• Sheet 2: Project Overview with Aerial
• Sheet, 3: Details and Notes

T
Z2
17 1
Project Location Map
Richard Barlowe Stream Stabilization Project
Caldwell County, North Carolina
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Richard Barlowe Stream Stabilization Project
Caldwell County, North Carolina
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GENERAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Richard Barlowe Property
Stream Channel Stabilization
Abingdon Creek
Caldwell County, North Carolina
This, stream channel stabilization project will address instabilities along this
approximately 700 foot long reach of Abingdon Creek. The channel- has°migrated
laterally in multiple meander bends; likely due to straightening and channelization in the
past,, an,overly, wide channel, ,and a high width/depth ratio. This process is continuing ,to
erode multiple vertical mass wasting banks. Instabilities, `large log and debris j ams, and
an over_ widened channel exist throughout the remainder of the reach.
The objective of this design is to address the stream's dimension, pattern, and profile to
improve sediment transport' and stop bank erosion. Pattern or alignment will be corrected
to a tolerable range and held in place with multiple structures including log °vanes, rock
cross - vanes, j- hooks, and a wing deflector. These structures. will also maintain a, stable
channel dimension and profile created through construction activities.
Improved aquatic and terrestrial habitat will be a by- product of the channel stabilization.
Native herbaceous and woody vegetation will be installed to provide long term stability.

Landowner Guidance for Contracting Stream- Projects
Certam.issues can arise when contracting a stream, stabilization project that normally do
not arise with more common construction contracts such as building construction or
earth moving projects With most common projects, there is a high degree of certainty
that the project will be installed exactly as shown on the drawings and with the quantity
of materials estimated This means that contractors can bid on the job with a fixed dollar
amount and should not be surprised by unforeseen changes, difficulties, or additional
materials required to complete the fob properly If a contract awarded at a fixed, amount
encounters unforeseen issues during construction, problems with the contractor can
occur since these issues can cost the,contractor large amounts of money which will
lower their profit margin,
While - engineering plans are carefully prepared' to show the expected extent' of work,
stream stabilization projects are sometimes not installed exactly as shown on the plans
Constructing stream projects is unique in that work is being done on a dynamic system
Where previously unknown complications are commonly found only after construction
has begun It is not uncommon during construction for the construction supervisor
(NRCS or SWCD personnel) to determine the need to deviate slightly from the
engineering ;plans Other factors can impact the time it takes or the, amount of materials
required to complete a project A few examples follow.
In- stream structure installation has a downstream effect causing a need,,for,an
additional structure not shown,in'the plans, or making it possible to omit a
downstream structure
Availability of suitable construction materials may necessitate a change of plans
• Equipment operator inexperience or equipment inadequacies can greatly
increase the time required to finish a project
• Stream bed properties such as previously unidentified bedrock seam&or'deep
m
unconsolidated strea bed material may decrease or increase required materials
•. Large storm events and high flows that happen during construction ,can have
negative.effects that must be repaired
All deviations from the plans affect the installation cost of the project making it either
more or less expensive Material quantities, such as boulders for in- stream structures,
are very difficult to estimate accurately The relative time required to complete a project
varies greatly from project to project These factors make it, difficult for both the
contractor and the engineer to predict the cost of installation. Also, there are only a
limited number of contractors that have experience with multiple stream projects so
many may underbid a project when bidding total cost. When the cost of,installation turns
out to be more than a contractor expects, problems ,can occur especially if the'contractor
is being paid a fixed amount for project completion .
For stream stabilization projects several hundred feet or more long and requiring multiple
in- stream structures, it is recommended that the landowner contract the job with
provisions to accommodate payment for changes to the plans or unexpected mate_ rial
expenses It can be problematic to try to work out costs for these issues -once
construction is underway There are various ways to set up,your contract to avoid
problems during construction` Work with, your contractor to come to good terms on ;how
to set up the contract so that unexpected' issues can be easily resolved And contact
your NRCS ,or SWCD representative .for advice
6�NRCS

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
IN- STREAM STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED OF ROCK_
r) ' SCOPE,
This specification covers the installation of Rock Vanes, J- Hooks, and Cross Vanes at locations
as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
• Provide aquatic habitat
• Cross Vanes may be used for grade control
3) DEFINITIONS
ROCK VANE - A .deflective structure installed pointing upstream, beginning at bankfull, sloping
down to the streambed. The angle at which,the vane points upstream from the
bank shall be 220 -30 degrees: 'The slopeedf`the,top surface ofthe vane will be 5 -7
percent. The vane should extend from the bank to approximately 1/3 of channel
width. (See fig. 1)
J=HOOK - A rock ^vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The, hook provides
additional, habitat. (See fig. 2) May included a sill (See fig. 3) which continues
across .the. stream bed from the hook-portion of the structure, perpendicular to
the flow and follows the shape and elevation of the stream bed and stream bank
up to interberm or as directed by the engineer.
CROSS VANE - A rock vane from both sides of the stream with.a connecting bar on the
streambed. If}this structure is used for grade control, the existing streambed
elevation.may be increased by no more than 10 percent of bankfull, unless a
greater increase is provided for in the approved design. (See fig. 4)
WING
DEFLECTOR - AAeflective structure installed with sloping "arms" the slope downward, into 'the
stream bed. The angle the arms point downstream and upstream from the bank
is 20 — 30 degrees. The slope of the top surface-of the downstream,arm will ,be
2 — 4 percent. The vane should extend from the bank and help identify the low
flow channel. ;(See Construction Drawings' - Engineer will direct construction)
USDA -NRCS page 1 of 6 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

ENGINEER - The USDA -NRGS and/or SWCD persons) who have appropriate construction
approval authority,for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAMBANK — portions of intermittent or perennial streambanks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANK_ FULL — The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank ". Persons
who, have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
THALWEG - The deepest part of the channel where the highest channel velocities occur.
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
These structures are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan; which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of rock
structures without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most
likely result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality'has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). 'The, final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared. and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe),with,a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
the rocks
• All required safety, equipment shall be available during construction.. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, gloves, and eye and hearing protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on -site to supervise and inspect each operation as it.is performed. No
work, whichlis covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the, engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum, of 24 hours before installation is performed.
U,SD"A -MRCS page 2 of 6 Rock Structures
,North. Carolina August, 1999

8) INSTALLATION
• The engineer,shall place a marker at the point where the last rock of the structure will meet-
the streambed. This marker shall be set at a point, which represents the planned angle from
bankfull and the planned slope of the structure. The engineer should check to see if this point
is approximately 1/3, of the total channel width.
• Holes for footer rocks shall be excavated in the streambed at the location, elevation and
orientation as directed by,the engineer.
• A footer rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer, shall'be installed in the hole.
Multiple footer rocks may be required, at the discretion of the engineer or as provided for in
the approved plan.
• A structure rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineensliall be installed on top of
the footer rock.
• Streambed material will be removed as directed by the engineer ifitis required to move the
thalweg of the stream to the point of the structure.
• Streambed material shall be placed, on the upstream side of the structure near the bank.
• Equipment shall be operated from, the streambank whenever possible.-
• Equipment Which appears to be leaking fluids shall be °removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist. -
9) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROOT WADS and related, instream structures planned -.as ,an integral component of the
natural "stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on ,top_
of the bank.
• RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be, installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
10) FIGURES
Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement androrientation of the various
instream rock structures which,may be`included in the plan. Figures are as follows:
Figure 1 — Rock Vane
Figure 2 — J Hook
Figure 3 — J Hook with sill
Figure 4 — Cross Vane
USDA -NRCS page 3 of 6 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1990

11) ITEMS OF' WORK
Items of work to be,performed in conformance with this specification and the construction details are:
a. Construct stream stabilization measures at the Richard Barlowe site on Abingdon, Creek in Caldwell
County at the location(s) as "shown on the construction drawings and as directed by the on -site
Engineer.
b. Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at,locations and through routes as
approved by the -Engineer.
c. Remove all construction debris associated with installation ofthese structures to anfapproved
location.
1 Provide all equipment, tools;, materials and labor required to install the, following ON THE MAIN
CHANNEL:
MINIMUM rock size shall be approximately 3.5' x 2' x 2' or 2,250 lbs each rock. Smaller rocks may
be used as "backer" rocks.
i) (5) Log- Vane/Rock J -Hook combination structures with sills which will require' approximately 25
total rocks and five large logs approximately 35' long and 24" wide.
ii) (2) Rock Cross -Vane structures-which will require approximately 60,total rocks.
iii) (1) Wing Deflector which will require approximately 18 total rocks.
2. A total of approximately' 28 tons of.rock will be required for,the 5 Log- Vane/Rock J- Hooks, 65`
tons of rock will be required' for the Cross- Vanes, and 20 tons of rock will be required for the
wing deflector.
Approximately 150 linear feet ofigeotextile fabric filter cloth from a `minimum 12 foot wide roll_
is required for the five Log- Vane/Rock J -Hook structures, approximately 100 linear,feet.of
geotextile fabric filter cloth from a minimum 12 foot wide roll is required for the Rock Cross -
Vane structures, and approximately 40 linear feet of geotextile fabric filter cloth from a
minimum 12 foot wide roll is required for the Wing Deflector structure. Fabric shall be,non-
woven needle punched.
1. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install the following ON THE
TRIBUTARIES:
MINIMUM rock size shall be,approximately 2.5' x 1.5' x 1.5' or 900,lbs,each,rock. Smaller rocks
may be used as "backer "rocks,
i) (2) Log Vanes- SEE LOG VANE CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
ii) (2) Rock Cross -Vane structures which will require approximately 30 total rocks.
2. A total of approximately 14 tons of rock will be required for the Cross- Vanes.
3. Approximately 70 linear feet of geotextile fabric filter cloth from a minimum 12 foot wide roll is
required for the two Rock Cross -Vane structures. Fabric shall be non -woven needle punched.
USDA -NRCS page 4, of 6 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

2250
Angle
(in degrees)
k Vane
i View
2250
Angle,
degrees)
ok
J�iew
Figure 1
(after Rosgen)
Figure 2
(after Rosgen)
5-7%
:S'lope'
(in percent)
Rock Vane
Cross Section
5 =7
Slope
(in percent)
J Hook
Cross Section
USDA -NRCS page 5 of 6 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

2250
Angle
(m,degrees)
5-7%
Slope
(m percent)
7 J Hook with Sill
Cross Section
J Hook with Sill
Plan View
2250,
Figure 3
(after Rosgen)
Figure 4
(after Rosgen)
5-7%
Slope
�(in percent)
Cross Vane
Cross Section
USDA -NRCS page `6 of 6 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
LOG VANE
1)� SCOPE
This specification covers the installation-of Log Vane(s) at location(s) as' shown on the
construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
• Redirectkerosive velocities away from streambanks
• Protect bank from erosion during the establishment of woody vegetation
• Provide aquatic ,and terrestrial habitat
• This practice does not apply to streams that are highly entrenched.
3) DEFINITIONS
LOG VANE — A log, installed at.an-'angle of 20 to'30 degrees to the bank and at'a,,slope of 5 to
7 percent'from the strearnbank to the streambed. (S'ee -Fig 1)
ENGINEER - The USDA -NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure. -
STREAM BANK — Portions of intermittent or,perenhial stream banks which are eroding at an
accelerated' rate due, to the ,effects, of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.
BANKFULL (BKF) — The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and
maintained. The term "bankfull" should,not be confused with "the top of the
bank Persons who have - received training in Natural Stream Channel
evaluation shall identify the bankfull elevation.
4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
Log Vanes are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem by
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before structures are installed. The use of log
vanes without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and,profile of the stream will most
likely result in failure.
USDA -NRCS page, 1 Log Vane,
North Carolina October 2004

5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification,,shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued ,a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality,has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The, final construction plans and specifications,must be
prepared and approved, prior to the, beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
log vanes
• A chain saw shall be available on site during construction
• All required safety equipment shall be available during, construction. Safety equipment
includes but,is not limited to hard hats, chain saw chaps, gloves, and eye and hearing
protection.
7) SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on -site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall, be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the, engineer. The work,shall be conducted,as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.
8) INSTALLATION.
Excavate a trench into,the bank to embed one end, of the, log vane. The top of the fog vane at the
point where it enters -the bank should normally be at,approximately the ",inter -berm" elevation
(inter -berm is approximately one half the distance between water surface and bankfull).
Excavate a trench in the stream bed to embed the other end of the log vane ( "Metho& for
Securing Streambed End of Log ", for additionalfiinformation). Install the stump end of the log
in the trench on the bank. Any opening between the bottom of the log and the streambed shall be
closed by placing geotextile fabric filter cloth on the side of the log toward the bank. This filter
cloth should be nailed With large headed nails, such as roofing nails, to the side of the log. The
remaining filter cloth is to be draped down alongside of the log and onto the bed of the stream.
Place streambe&material back fill over the top.,of the filter cloth to a point sufficient,to stop all'
flow below,the "log. Note the process of installing the filter cloth and backf ll is best done
concurrently., If an attempt is made to nail the f lter cloth along the log forlthe entire length
before any backfill is placed, the filter cloth will tend to wash under the log.
METHODS FOR SECURING STREAMBED END OF LOG VANE
a) Place rocks (see Items- of Work for Rock Size) on the end of the log to form a "J- Hook" and
to prevent the log from floating out of the streambed.
b) Install a vertical stake in the streambed on,the downstream side of the log, vane., The stake
should beat least six feet long and,at least.six inches in diameter at the smallest point.
"Sharpen the, stake on one end and drive'it into the streambed with the equipment used to
place the log vane. Any stake remaining above the top of the log vane after,driving, shall be
USDA -NRCS 'page 2 Log Vane
North Carolina October'2004

cut off within approximately six inches of the top ofkthe log vane. Connect the log vane
and stake with at least three turns, of cable on each diagonal and cable clamps., The
connection should be similar to diagonal lashing.
c) Attach a cable to a Duckbill anchor (may use a double barrel crimp sleeve or two cable
clamps). Place the anchor on a drive rod. Install the anchor on the upstream side of the log
vane at a point which will allow the cable to be essentially perpendicular to the log at
approximately the:mid -point of the portion,of the, log vane which is buried in the streambed.
Make three wraps of the cable around the Log Vane and secure the cable end with two cable
clamps (a self locking wire rope grip such as the "Gripple" or "Dyna -Tite" is highly
recommended). The cable MUST be pulled taunt to ensure proper anchorage.
All excavation will be performed at the location, elevation, and orientation and to the dimensions
as directed by the engineer.
The streambank shall be sloped to 1 ' /2:1 or flatter from the e-bankfull elevation to the top of the
bank unless otherwise directed bythe Items of Work or the Engineer.
Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is, repaired and, confirmed that no leaks exist.
9) MATERIALS
• LENGTH OF THE LOG VANE — The stem shall be of sufficient length so that a minimum
of 8" is placed,into well consolidated soil plus such length as is required to install the log on,a
7 % or less slope plus approximately 8' to bury into the streambed on the upstream end
• DIAMETER — The minimum diameter-of the stem measured at smallest end shall be 6 inches
unless stated otherwise in the Items of Work.
• FORM — The stem shall be as straight as possible for the entire length. Log Vanes may not
have bows and/or other deformities which will cause a concentration of flow at,any point
along the section of stem which'is exposed to stream flow. The stem shall not exhibit an
unusual degree of taper. Forks are prohibited except within the portion which will be buried
in the streambed.
• SPECIES — Tree species shall be selected that exhibit rot resistance. Locust, White Oak, and
Black Walnut,are,some possible choices. Species such as Hemlock, Poplar, Maples,
Sycamore and Whte'Pine have slight;resistance to decay or- are,nonresistant °to decay when
subjected to wet/dry cycles.
• HARVEST SITE — Trees shall not be harvested from within the riparian area except where
associated stream-restoration activities require the removal of the tree. Trees which, are
harvested from within the riparian area shall not be removed without the approval of the on-
site engineer. Trees which have already washed into the stream,may be used if the on -site
engineer determines that they meet all criteria listed in this specification.
• QUALITY — Trees may be rejected by the on -site engineer if they are split, broken,
decaying, or otherwise exhibit faults which will cause the service life of the structure to be
less than the time required to establish permanent woody vegetation with sufficient root
systems to protect the streambank.
USDA -NRCS page 3 Log Vane
North'Carolina October 2004

10) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES
• ROCK VANES, CROSS VANES,- J HOOKS, ROOTWAD — LOG VANE — J -HOOK
COMBINATION STRUCTURES and/or other instream structures planned as an integral
component ofthe natural stream channel restoration design.
• CRITICAL, AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas.
• WOODY VEGETATION'shall'be established on the sloped bank,above bankfult and on top
of the bank. "
• RIPARIANFOREST'BVFFER should be considered.
• LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.
11) FIGURES
Figures attached to this, specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the root wads.
Figures are as follows: I
Figure 1 —
Log Vane Cross Section with Rock J -Hook
Figure 2
— Log. Vane Plan View with Rock J -Hook
Figure 3 —
Log Vane Cross Section with Stake Anchor
Figure,4 —
Log Vane P1an,View with Stake Anchor
Figure 5 —
Log Vane Cross Section with Duckbill Anchor
Figure 6 —
Log Vane Plan View with Duckbill Anchor
USDA -NRCS page °4 Log Vane
North Carolina October 2004

12),ITEMS OF WORK
Items, of work to be performed in conformance with this, specification and the construction
details therefore are:
a) Construct stream stabilization measures at the Richard Barlowe site on Abingdon Creek in
Caldwell County at the location(s) as directed by the on -site Engineer.
b) Ingress and egress of equipment and,materials shall be only at locations and through routes
as approved by the Engineer.
c) Provide all equipment, tools, materials and.labor required to install 2 Log Vanes.
d) Logs shall be essentially,straight and.a minimum of 25 feet long.
e) Streambed end of Log Vane shall be anchored using Method A.
If Method a), Rock size shall be 3.5' x 2' x 2'
If Method b) or c), NA
If Method' c), NA
f) Logs shall be embedded info, the bank and bed' a minimum of6 feet.
g) Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
h) Provide all necessary safety equipment.
USDA -NRCS
North Carolina
0
page 5
Log Vane
October 2004

USDA -NRCS
North Carolina
Area between bottom, of log
and streanbed MUST 'be silted
If log does, not reach _ the
_ streanbed, install fabric filter
cloth, nailed to the log and
draped into the, void and
back with streanbed material
bankFull TOP OF LOG VANE SHALL
SLOPE DOWN AT 5/ TO 7/
n Normal Water Level
CROSS SECTION
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
Y
rocks
DIRECTION
OF FL 0V
_PORTION BURIED'
LOG VANE ly, '---.PORTION
IN STREAM BED,
C `
� o
�'�� StrenMbank
PLAN 'VIEW
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
page 6
ure 1
Figure 2
Log Vane
October 2004

CROSS SECTION
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
DIRECTIpN OF
LOG
USDA -NRCS
North Carolina
Area between bottom of log
and streambed MUST be silted
IF log does not reach the
streambed install Fabric filter
cloth, —led to the tog and
draped Into the void and
back with streambed material
TOP OF LOG VANE SHALL
SLOPE DOWN AT 5/ TO 7/
p,Nornal Water Level
Diagonal J
Lashing
with cable
BURIED
=AM BED
shing
=able
PLAN VIEW
L - ❑`G VANE STRUCTURE
page 7
Figure 3
Figure 4
Log Vane
October 2004

Iq
DIRECTIpN OF- PORTION BURIED
FLOW IN STREAM BED
Cable
LOG VANE
DuckbAl
Anchor.
d�� o
i' Streambank
i
PLAN VIEW
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
Figure 5
Figure 6
USDA -NRCS page ,8 Log, Vane
North Carolina October 2004
Area between bottom of log
and streambed MUST bey silted
IF log does not reach the
streambed, install Fabric Fitter
cloth, nailed to the log and
draped Into the void and
back with streambed material -
bankF0
TOP OF LUG VANE SHALL
SLOPE DOWN AT 5/ TO 7/
Normal Water,Level,'
Streambed
/Cable /
CROSS SECT +ION
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
Duckbill Anchor
DIRECTIpN OF- PORTION BURIED
FLOW IN STREAM BED
Cable
LOG VANE
DuckbAl
Anchor.
d�� o
i' Streambank
i
PLAN VIEW
LOG VANE STRUCTURE
Figure 5
Figure 6
USDA -NRCS page ,8 Log, Vane
North Carolina October 2004

Streamside Herbaceous Vegetation Specifications
Thework shall consist of preparing the area,,furnishing and placmg.seed, sprigs, sod mats, mulch;
fertilizer, inoculate, soil amendments and anchormg,mulch in the designated areas as specified,
streambanks, access areas and other areas disturbed by construction activities
Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be,adequately loosened and smoothed
Disking or cultipacking or both maybe necessary On sites where equipment cannot operate "safely, the
seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide a roughened surface so that'seed will stay m place.
If seeding is done immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas
Fertilizing
Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the-area to be seeded Uniformly mix line and fertilizer into the
top 3 inches of the soil. Where surface,matenals are predominately gravel and/.or cobble, no incorporation_
is required Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil test results or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq ft Per Acre _
Lime 50 -100 lbs. 1 -2 tons
10 -10 -10 Fertilizer 9 -12 lbs. 4 -500 lbs.
Sod Mats
Strip and stockpile mats of existing desirable,herbaceous vegetation Insure that several inches of sod
remains attached'to the vegetation. The root systems must remain moist while the vegetation is stockpiled
Place the mats on the lower bank slopes and anchor in place
Seeding
Temporary Seeding - Use where needed for erosion and pollution control, when permanent
vegetation cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is
needed to allow native or woody vegetation to become established.
Fall, Winter, Sprin Sig Per 1000 sq ft. Per Acre
Oats, Wheat, or Cereal Rye 2 lbs. 3 bu
Summer Seeding,
Sudangrass 1 lb. 35 -45 lbs
Browntop Millet 1 lb 30 -40 lbs.
Permanent Seeding — Use in combination with woody plantings on the upslope side of tlfexnparian
planting. Spring`planting time is ideal for native perennial warm season grasses These.grasses,
should be used when enhancing wildlife habitat is a goal, ofthe riparian planting Spring,planted
seed should'be treated with a cold wet chill process to maximize germination Fall planimgs
should be planted with a lightly'sowed cool season annual to hold the soil and,do not need the wet
chill process. To improve- habitat existing„stands of fescue can be killed using an
appropriate herbiciderand warm season grasses can be no -till planted into the sod. 'Omit fertilizer,
when establishing native grasses, fertilizer can be applied the second' year to improve the stand
Fall, Spring Seeding eeding Per 1000 sq. ft Per Acre
Tall Fescue 1 lb 501bs
Nativewarm season grasses
Big; Little or Broomsedge Bluestein 0 2 lbs PLS (pure live seed) 5-lbs, PLS
Eastern Gamma Grass,or Switchgrass 0 5 lb PLS 10 lbs PLS'
Mulching ,
Mulching should be performed within 48 hours of`seedmg. Gram straw mulch should be,applied on seeded
areas at a rate of 3 bales per 1000 square feet or 1.5 tons per acre Apply mulch uniformly. Anchor mulch
with a mulch crupper, asphalt tackifier or appropriate mulch netting

Streamside Woody Vegetation Establishment
This work consist of securing and planting permanent'woody vegetation using rooted stock, unrooted stock and
on site transplants
Care and Handling
Planting stock should be stored in a cool moist environment or, heeled in Roots of bareroot stock shall be, kept
moist duririg,plariting operations. Container, or, potted „stock shall be kept moist at all times. The root balls of
transplanted stock must be' kept moist.
,Site Preparation
Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be.dug and stored, On,recently graded sites use
temporary seedings, anchored mulch or erosion control,fabrics to provide surface protection until woody
vegetation becomes established. Sod may be killed by non- selective herbicides the year previous to planting
stock (follow all federal, state and focal regulations in the-use, of herbicides). When hand planting; scalp an, area
at least 3 feet in diameter and 2 -4 inches deep Place plant-in the center of the scalped area. On sites where
equipment cannot be operated safely and ihere.are concerns about potential erosion use a non - selective. herbicide
to kill vegetation in a 36 inch wide circle or 36 inch wide strip -and plant in the center of the killed vegetation. If
the site is a row crop site, reasonably free of weeds, plant stock in the stubble without prior r; preparation. Sites
with undesirable brush will need initial treatments to facilitate planting and follow -up treatments to prevent
reencroachment.
Planting
Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally growing Plant rooted stock in a vertical
position with the root collar approximately '/2 inch below the soil surface. The planting trench or hole must be
deep enough and wide enough to permit roots-to spread out and down without J- rooting. Insert dormant cuttings
to the depth required to reach adequate soil moisture, leaving 2 to 3 buds above ground. After planting pack soil
around each plant'firmly to remove air pockets.
Plant List
Plant Types/
Mature Heiaht
Shrubs, less than 10
Feet in height
Shrubs and trees from
10 to 25 feet in height
Trees' greater than`25
Feet in height
Plant to Plant Spacing, Plant -List
# Per Acre
#Per 1000 Sq. Ft.
3 to 6 feet *Buttonbush, * #- Bankers' Dwarf Willow
1210 -4840 *Elderberry, Highbush`Blueberry,
28 -110 Hazelnut
6 to 8 feet Alder, Deciduous Holly, Crabapple,
680 -1742 Red Chokeberry, *Silky - Dogwood,
1'5 -28 *Silky Willow, Spicebush,
* #`Streamco' Willow, Serviceberry,
Washington Hawthorne, Witch Hazel
8 to 12 feet Black Cherry, *Black Willow,
302 -680 Green.Ash, Red Maple, River Birch
7;15 Sycamore, Yellow Poplar, Black Walnut
Persimmon
NOTES- * = Plants suitable for use as dormant cuttings, space cuttings 1 5 -2.5 feet apart, 160-
445 cuttings per 1000 sq. ft. or 6970 -19360 cuttings per acre;
# = Non - native plants; Plants listed in bold have wildlife value

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