NC0024911_Land Disposal of Sludge Application_19840402

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DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
April 2, 1984
ME1•i0RANDUM
TO: Roy Davis
FROM: Perry Nelson 6+ ir,
SUBJECT: Notification of Receipt of Application
FACILITY NAME: MSD of Buncombe County
TYPE OF PROJECT: and Disposal of Sludge
COUNTY: Buncombe
APR 6
Ground Water Section
Asheville Regional Office
We have received a copy of the above referenced application. A copy
should have also been furnished to the Regional Office.
Your cooperation in having Don Link review the application and
submitting your comments to the Groundwater Section by April 23, 1984
will be appreciated. If a copy of the application has not been made
available to the regional office, please let us know.
LLL/ce
cc: Permit Issuance Files

PERMIT APPLICATION
FOR
LAND APPLICATION OF
MUNICIPAL SEWAGE SLUDGE RPN lam® 0 ��ryry
5—
CofgMeu-�5 YeCACJ c 0 �G- 1 IN icy q/�. 0
METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE DISTRICT /
OF BUNCOMBE COUNTY, N. C.
Prepared By
Dr. Larry D. King
Mr. Glen Simpson
Department of Soil Science
N. C. State University

I. BACKGROUND
1 The Metropolitan Sewerage District of Buncombe County (MSD)
operates a wastewater treatment plant which process an average flow
of 25 mgd. Average flow of anaerobically digested sludge is 150,000
gpd at 2.3% solids. Currently this sludge is stored in a large lagoon.
In March of 1983 MSD was approached by representatives from the
Tennessee Valley Authority's (TVA) Division of Agricultural Develop-
ment to see if MSD was interested in cooperating in a demonstration
project on land application of sludge. The TVA program is an outgrowth
of a cooperative project between TVA and the City of Florence, Alabama
in which TVA monitered the effects of land application of Florence
sludge. The success of this project prompted TVA to fund pilot pro-
jects in each of the five valley states. MSD agreed to cooperate as
the North Carolina site. As part of the project the Departments of
Soil Science and Biological and Agricultural Engineering at N C State
University will conduct research studies in Buncombe County to moniter
the effect of sludge additions on corn and fescue.
II. SLUDGE CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristics of the sludge are shown in Table 1 and results of
the EP toxicity test are shown in Table 2.
N Availabili
A recent study of sludges in North Carolina showed that the maxi-
mum availability of organic N in the anaerobically digested liquid
sludges tested was 30% (unpublished data, L. D. King, N.C. State Univer-
sity). To be conservative, this value will be used for the MSD sludge.
U3

Table 1. Characteristics of Anaerobically Digested Liquid Sewage Sludge from the Metro-
politan Sewerage District of Buncombe County, N.C. (Analyses by TVA)
Sampling Dates, 1983
Characteristic March May June July Aug Sept Mean
Solids, %
-
Volatile Solids
-
(% of Total Solids)
Fecal Coliforms/100ml
-
pH, Standard Units
-
Total Organic C, mg/g
-
PCB's ug/g
-
Elements, ug/g dry wt. tx
ppin
As
-
Cd s
41
Cr
390
Cu
950
Hg
-
K
-
Mg ,
-
Mn
-
Ni
96
NO2+NO3
-
Pb q,
106
Zn
7030
Elements, % dry wt.
Ca
-
P
-
NH4-N
-
TKN
-
2.75
3.00
2.0
2.0
1.0
2.15
53
54
55
54
54
54
7000
10,000
300,000
4000
1.1 x 106
284,200
7.1
7.0
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.0
280
290
290
340
430
326
<5
<1
<5
<5
<5
<5
3.4
3.0
4
3
3
3.3
110
88
44
68
190
90
440
480
210
250
510
380
760
820
270
380
930
685
2.6
2.6
3.2
2.4
3.3
2.8
5300
3600
9000
2800
4600
5080
4200
4400
9900
2700
5000
5240
650
660
230
220
460
444
160
210
90
95
180
138
0.0002
0.001
0.0013
0.0005
0.000-4
0.0007
270
320
130
160
300
214
2000
2400
780
1400
2600
2700
1.28
1.4
2.1
0.4
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.3
1.3
2.1
1.9
1.6
2.7
3.2
2.7
3.9
4.8
3.4
4.0
5.6
5.6
10.5
5.6
6.3

J--ATable 2
f-40
EP Toxicity Test on MSD Sludge
AWARE Inc
ASSOCIATED WATER & AIR RESOURCES EnGInEms.Inc.
GENERAL LABORATORY REPORT
170971
CLIENT
Ashville, North Carolina WWTP
`Bob Ensley
10961 SP.O. No.
b IS
ADDRESS
P.O. Box 7157 Ashville, N.C.
28807
DATE RECEIVED,
9-17-80
SAMPLE DESCRIPTION
Sludge from WWTP
SAMPLE NO.
5121
ANALYSIS
RESULTS
Barium
<0.2
Cadmium
<0 v'
Chromium
<
Lead -
<0.3 ✓
Mercury
Selenium
<0.03
Silver<
Endrin
<0.00004
Lindane
<0.00001
Methoxyehlor
<0.0001
Toxaphene
<0.0001
2, 4-D
<0.0003
2,4,5 - TP
<0.0002
1
REMARKS
All testing and analysis done in
accordance with EPA protocol.
n:,.l,
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Dy: ...--. ..... -
AWARE, Inc. Date
2907 12th Ave.,S. 615-3834581 (Lab)
Box 40284 615.794-0110 (Eng )
Nashville. Tennessee 37204

When sludge is injected or immediately incorporated, there is insigni-
ficant ammonia loss. However 50% loss of ammonia has been reported for sur-
face -applied sludge. Therefore, for the MSD sludge, the plant available N
(PAN) is assumed to be:
Injected 3.4 + 0.3 (6.3 - 3.4) = 4.3%
Surface -applied 0.5(3.4) + 0.3(,6.3 - 3.4) = 2.6%

ZZY SITE EVALUATION
Soils in Buncombe and Henderson Counties suitable for sludge application
range from level floodplains to sloping uplands to relatively level ridge tops.
Because of the flood hazard on the floodplains and the steepness of slopes on
the uplands, sludge application to these areas will be somewhat restricted.
Sites for possible sludge application were visited and assessed by Glen
Simpson, Soil Science Dept. NCSU; Ed Biddix, County Extension Chairman; and/or
Heath Dobson, Division of Environmental Management.
Six sites were chosen as shown on the Location Map on the following page
and are listed below: Approximate Distance
from treatment plant
Miles
I. Warren Wilson College 16
Ernst Larsen
2. Ulmont Baker and 16
Fred Myers (Swannanoa)
3. Biltmore Estate 13
Dick Bryson
4. Cane Creek Dairymen 21
Robert Herron
J. W. (Bo) Nesbitt
J. C. Nesbitt
Henry Young
5. Hickory Nut Gap Farm 20
Jamie Clarke
6. Don Cordell 16
Total area for all sites combined is approximately 1800 acres. Since
site specific buffer zones and avoidance of slopes > 12% will reduce useable
area to less than that shown on site maps, no attempt was made to record the
area of each field.

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LOCATION MAP
1. Warren Wilson College
7
0,
2. Baker and Myers
3. Biltmore Estate
4. Cane Creek Dairvmen
5. Hickory Nut Gap Farm
6. Don Cordell
7
P. Treatment plant
NOTE MJJ W UM ONLY STATE
09 N1roRT
MNFAGE # T 5110WM ON fRONfAGF ROADS

In Appendix A each site is described via a soil map; a topographic map
(also showing 100-year flood elevation); a table listing the soils on the
site, soil CEC, pH, lime requirement and maximum allowable cumulative heavy
metal loading rate; and results of soil tests by the N.C. Dept. of Agriculture.
Slopes
On the upland sites, sludge application will be limited to soils with
slopes up to 12%. Slopes from 0 - 6% can receive surface -applied or injected
sludge, but slopes between 6 and 12% will receive injected sludge only. NOTE:
Some sites include fields which exceed the 12% slope limitation. These fields
are included because the slope classification on the soil maps is an estimate
of overall slope and there may be significant areas with lesser slopes that
are suitable, e.g. ridge tops.
Cropping Systems
The present and intended cropping systems on the site include corn for
silage or grain and grass or grass -clover mixtures for hay or pasture. These
crops are well suited to receive sludge since they are used for animal feed and
not for direct human consumption.
Time of application will depend on the crop and the flood hazard.
Floodin
A significant portion of some sites is below the 100-year flood elevation.
A portion of this area is periodically flooded for brief periods. Table 3 pre-
sents data on the frequency of flooding on the French Broad and Swannanoa Rivers
for the 169-year period between 1791 and 1960. The most flood -prone month is
August, probably as a result of heavy rain associated with hurricanes. On the
Swannanoa River flood hazard from September through April is low. Over the 169
years of record only five floods occurred during this period or an average of

Table 3. Floods Above Bank Full Stage Recorded Between 1791 and 1960. 1/
French Broad Swannanoa River
River at Asheville at Biltmore
Month Gauging Station Gauging Station
Jan
2 0
Feb
2 2
Mar
3 1
April
3 1
May
3 2
June
3 2
July
3 2
Aug
8 7
Sept
1 0
Oct
3 0
Nov
0 0
Dec
5 1
1/
Data via personal communication from Jones Tysinger TVA Asheville.

one flood in 34 years. Flood hazard along Cain Creek and Hoopers Creek would
be similar to that along the Swannanoa because the drainage areas and rainfall
patterns are similar. Consequently; sludge application in areas affected by
CIONrf,
G&44a-and Hoopers Creeks and the Swannanoa River will be limited to September
through April.
Flooding of the French Broad will affect only a small portion of the
Biltmore site. Application to the affected area will be limited to November.
E

Corn land above the flood hazard zone will receive sludge whenever crop and
soil conditions permit.
Hay and pasture land will not receive sludge if the land is in the flood
hazard area or if slopes exceed 6% because sludge can't be injected into sod
satisfactorily (Special equipment is available for sod injection but experience
by the City of Raleigh has shown fields are left in a rough condition and this
condition interfers with hay mowers.). Hay and pasture above the flood zone
with slope less than 6% will receive sludge as soil and crop conditions permit.
For maximum utilization of nutrients and stand persistance, sludge should be
applied Feb. - April and Aug. - Sept. A summary of application times is shown
.in Table �.
Prior to sludge application, pastures will be grazed closely and hay fields
will be mowed. This practice will minimize foliage contamination by sludge. Beef
cattle will not be allowed on the pasture until 30 days after the sludge appli-
cation. To prevent udder contamination (and therefore possible milk contamination)
no sludge will be applied to pastures grazed by lactating dairy cattle.
Buffer Zones
The following buffer zones will be used:
Public Road Right -of -Way
Stream
Wet Weather Ditch
Potable Well
Z
50 ft
50 ft, vegetated
25 ft
100 ft
0

Table q. Time of Sludge Application.
Crop
Slope
In Flood
Prone Zone
Above Flood
Prone Zone
a
Corn
0 -
6
September - April 1�
When Soil and Crop
Conditions Permit
6 -
12
When Soil -and Crop
Conditions Permit
Hay and
0 -
6
Sludge Application
When Soil and Crop
Pasture
Not Allowed
Conditions Permit
6 -
12
—
Sludge Application
Not Allowed
}_/
Biltmore site: November only

L
IV. SITE ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY
A. Hydraulic Loading Rate
Since the quantity of water applied via sludge is small an
allowable hydraulic loading rate was not calculated. However, to
prevent runoff during application, a maximum of 12,000 gal/A will
be applied at any one time. Repeated applications (eg at weekly
intervals) will be made on fields requiring rates higher than
12,000 ga-l/A.
B. Nutrient Loading Rate
(1) Nitrogen
Since there is abundant land suitable for sludge applica-
tion, N loading rates will be based on recommended fertilizer
N rates:
Maximum Sludge Rate
Crop Recommended N Rate Dry Solids or Liquid @ 2.15% Solids
lb/A tons/A gal/A
Fescue,
Orchard Grass, 200 3.8* 42,400
or Timothy
Corn Grain 165 1.9
21,200
Corn Silage 220 2.6*
29,000
Small Grain:
Pasture 140 1.6
17,800
Grain 120 1.4 15,600
* SEE SECTION ON HEAVY METAL LOADING RATES AND SITE LIFE.

'vq S<
(2) Phosphorus
The ratio of P/PAN in sludge is higher than the P/PAN
ratio required for adequate crop growth. Thus sludge applied
at rates to supply adequate N will supply excess P. However,
3 the high P fixing capacity of soils on the application sites
will prevent P leaching to the groundwater. Vegetated buffer
will be maintained between application sites and surface
water to minimize P movement to surface water via erosion.
(3) Potassium
The K content of sludge is low so supplemental K will be
added by each farmer based on soil test recommendations.
C. Heavy Metal Loading Rates and Site Life
Heavy metal loading rates are restricted by total cumulative amount
of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cd added over the life of the site and by annual
Cd loading rates. To be conservative the 1987 regulations 1/ for annual
Cd rates have been used (0.45 lb Cd/acre/yr). Thus, annual loading rates
are limited to:
0.45 lb Cd x 1 lb dry sludge = 5000 lb dry sludge
acre yr 'Uoo99' X010-6 lb Cd acre yr
or 2.5 tons dry sludge
acre yr
The calculations for site life at 2.5 tons/acre/yr are shown in Table S.
Cadmium will limit the site life to 9 years for soils with CEC's upto 5
meq/100g and 18 years for CEC's between 5 - 15 meq/1009.
1/
Federal Register, September 13, 1979. pg 53462

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D. Summary
(1) Annual loading rates for corn grain and small grains will be limited
by N loading rate.
(2) Annual loading rates for grasses and corn silage will be limited by Cd
loading rate.
(3) Design loading rates and site life are:
Allowable
Annual Loading Rate
Dry
Liquid at
PAN
or
Site Life
Crop
Solids
2.1510 Solids
Applied
CEC 0-5 CEC
5-15
tons/A
gal/A
lb/A
— — — — years
— — —
Fescue,
2.5
28,000
168
9
18
Orchard Grass,
or Timothy 1/
Corn Grain
1.9
21,200
165
15
30
Corn Silage
2.5
28,000
212
9
18
Small Grain:
Pasture
1.6
17,800
140
18
36
Grain
1.4
15,600
120
20
40
1/
Sludge surface applied.
Discharge of improperly treated wastewater from one metal plating company into
the MSD sewer system is the suspected cause of the relatively high Cd concentrations
in the sludge. Strong efforts are in progress to control this discharge. Once this
is controlled, Cd concentrations will decrease and site life and annual rates for
grasses and corn silage will increase accordingly.

U2291"I FW.,

SOIL IDENTIFICATION
LEGEND
Map Symbol
Soil Name
13
Biltmore Fine S.Andy Loam
0
to 2%
Slopes
(Formerly Suncook)
BaB or
Braddock Loam
2
to 8%
Slopes
244E
244C
Braddock Loam (Includes Dyke, 111C)
8
to 15'
Slopes
233A
Dillard Loam
0
- 2%
Slopes
233B
Dillard Loam (also Delanco, DeB)
2
to 8%
Slopes
351C
Fannin Loam
8
to 15%
Slopes
322C
Fletcher Silt Loam
8
to 15%
Slopes
322E
Fletcher Silt Loam
15
to 30% Slopes
109
French Loam
0
to 21
Slopes
313B
Hayesville Loam
2
to 8%
Slopes
313C
Hayesville Loam
8
to 15%
Slopes
313E
Hayesville Loam
15
to 30%
Slopes
33
Iotla Loam (also Codorus, Co)
0
- 2%
Slopes
262
Kinkora Loam
0
- 2%
Slopes
12
Rosman Fine Sand Loam
0
- 2%
Slopes
121E
Tate Loam (Includes Dial, 113)
2
- 8%
Slopes
72
Toxaway Silt Loam
0
- 2%
Slopes

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CORDELL
COLLEGE

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�.. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 1" =2000'
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
COOPERATING WITH USDV6 S-FORT WdRX, TOLM 1916
STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
USDA Forest Service 5-80
Buncombe and Madison County Boards of Commissioners
SOIL SURVE
BUNCOMBE COUN
ADVANCE COPY

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SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT N0.013A9 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH, N.0
PHONE: t9191 733-2655
COPIES SENT TO:
08/02/83 X COUNTY EXTENSION
CHAIRMAN
TO
Alf LARRY KING
WARREN WILSON COLLEGE
'ARM LOCATION (COUNTY):
EUN.WNBE
FIELD INFORMATION
7
AH" 'ED -"Ili SOIL ae t Wm
-Ec
M.I T
I
NW4! CORN, SILAGE MINI 0.6!1.12:'
6.21 87 1
SUGGESTED '.REATMENT POP F'RST CROP 'OR YEAR)"
TO BE GR�.
R tIn i SEE
I f
CGRNtSILACE C.01 180-220C10-0300 c
1
0' 3�
FIELD INFORMA'i-DN
WW5i CORN,SILAGE MIN 0.2 1.11
7.2 94 t1
01 - D 3E GROWN
LGRNsSILAGE 0.0 160-220C60—C80 060-060 0 0
0 3 i
FIELD INFORMATzON
Ali ED -,.E
WW6: CORNiSILAGE MIN' 3.3 0.87 6.9i 59
SU G G E F. D K E A 7'Al::
!OR
C-1 _3 BE G.Oill 11W
CCRNiSILAGE 1.8TI80-220 C50-070 110-130 c c 0 0 31
FIELD INFORMAT10%
llli- E:
MO
W07' FESIOG171M Mi MIN. ID 7 C'. 9 6 6.8� 76
. ...... I
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FU RS7, ROP l) R I E -IR
,4401 TO BE G.04NITi UJAV i N I P'Di
IFES/OG/TIM M! 0.41100-200
0 0
Oi 0
i 0 0i 12!
FIELD INFORMATION
AnIEDILIM F"T LASTCRDW
NO I
SOIL
1V CEC U%
CL An
WW81 FES/CGITIM M1 1
MINI; 0.9
1.03; 4.61 65 1
1P
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST '_Af3P
OR ­� R
Ume I I,,
FES/OG/TIP MI 0.7T1CO-2001 0 0
ON 0
c 0 LZ
TEST RESULTS (N.C. tevswill notmmpwe directly to numb fs •otn
n_d by viltr
1. c it V:N - V,'.. as :;•.: \: i'!,"
V C - m ^.'B. C t,'S AC A-1,1y,
CIRG - Jyaroc PH = H,dlP,.­o1. A, 4,,
H­,` c V,W. tl,,rcelll , .0L P I
v - r iah, Dla, V Dlume, K-1
Ill., E.c, CBp , -,lq/100 C, CEC
s. 111
READ SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL AND BAI

RALEIGH
RESULTS
da ! yr V 1 '� ..a 4 1 t1f :. - M..1 •• Gi.i $1 $S.1 1 pC.—r—�-Y � —14 Na
i 1
0091+1(043�
).8j 6.1 068 158 48.5 25.Si166+ 0431 66
�— S'=1GGESTED TRE4TMENT FOR SECOND CROP 10R Y'EAR1`•
I �
CORN,SILAGE 0.0;180-220i010-0301 0 I 0l 0 0 0; 3
uU ITS'
(070+i(0737
1.4 6.9 036
66
59.6 30.2'166+ 073 70
------- -
ME'dT F =-ONO CROP
!OR YEAR:"
CORN,SILAGE
0.0
1aJ-220 060-080 060-080
0 0 0
--0—3
1
(120+)(0274
.8 5.G 037
40
4v.3 15.5 166+ 0271 146'
SECOND CROP
!nR
CORN,�ILAGE
0.0
1
180-220 050-070 110-1301
0 0 0
0 3
,r
(095t)(C8b1 '
.6 5.8 080
122
45.8 21.6 166+: 086 841
SUGGESTED
Tr,:E4TYENT FOR SECOND
_
OR
DCCROP
•70
—
.c.e
FES/OG/TIM M
0.0
100-200 0 0
1
a+ 0! 0 t
01 12
TEST RESULTS
T
la i PH P I µ.i (.s i Ny-j. r Mn l :. 2n 1 bsl 5-: AS I NO_N � pMN pa i
i (106+1(043� i
.6 j 5. 5
109 118 '36.9 15.6 .166+ 1 0431 58
-`,T= ' SECOND CROP
?Gv..
FES/CUTIM P. :).0 100-20C 0 0 0 0 0 01 12
,CKOF
:POR-,-
FURTHF�; 077.;!L

AGRONOMIC DIVISION. N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT NO-01361; BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH. N C.
PHONE: [phone]
COPIES SENT TO
08/02/83 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO
-LARRY KING
WARREN WILSON COLLEGE
FARM LGCATIONTCOUNTY -)
6UNCOMBE
FIELD INFORMATION
c
1 WW91 CORNLSILAGE j MIN 1-7-(1-0116.31 74
'SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR F'ST CROP IOR YEAR)-
_
cw[ To _BfLKc-N iw
2 X,O ME I Cu Z, a -
I M. SEE
NOTE
(;ORNt5ILACE_L 0.4TI60-220IC40-0601080-100: 0 0 6
1 3.
FIELD INFORMATION
W10 FES/GG/TlM ­i,
MIN
0-6
1.11
5.1
69
,.7
FES/OG/Tlii M C-0-t1C0-200
0
0
0 0
0
Wil' CCRNIISILtGE
MIN:
1-1
1.OG
B.4i
76
—GR.-.
:-')P lOR
Toot
lu
NCic
CORNISILACE ' 0.7TIEO-220
C60-080
030-050i
M A T ') N
__NWl CORNpSILAGE
MINj 0.5L 1-09 6.5 81 1
SUGGESTED REA 'Vc.%T FOR FIRST CROP 'OR YEAR!"
BF 11E
a-- L 7M, 11 -
2' 5
C!E
!CORNIPSILAGE
0.3TI80-22 1040-060 0
i- 0 0 0 01 3�
.0
4"LIED FE PT :y7 caws
'EC
T2� CIASo I��j �j
I 1 WW21 FESIOGITIM MI MINI 0.610.931
i 7.1; 80
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR zIRST
of llilOwl
FESIOG/TIM M, C.0,100-200!010-030 0 0, 0 0 1
12
FIELD INFORMATION
A
WW3;' FES/UG/TIM 41
MINI 8.2 85
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FR F'RST CR&I
CROPTROiSE �GAOII tME �j �
'IS
WE

RALEIGH
TFCT DCtlrr TC .
i
MI PI
' K-: G'M XbJ��Ln:
Cu.:
$1
g.t
NO3N
NXJN
.W
099+
I
1.611
5.8 047
1 54144.620.5j 6+j(022
96
i � �: a09 10 Ec - RpYM l!ME N
pT—_—p Z
y0-P
`0 rri�
p f-Z
�NOyfT3E
�jCORN,SILAGE 0.01
i0
8-;:1
10T1
J
-
.• -n ° ! NR% i Nv i _n.: Cu.i 3.1
4096+1(069j
1.6 5.5 132
106 39.3.18.9'166+ 06964'
cD TREATMENT FOR 3-COND CROP !OR�—
"Ou-
a a`OS 1.0
�
I YO ]a
. FES/CG/TIM M
-0.0 100-2oo; _0 0 _0 0 0
o it 12 !
TEST RESULTS °
ur. 1 a r
K Ca.\ yy. n n..: 2•'_I
Cu • S 1 ' 1S f
I NO O N
.VH .N
(101+1(0424
I
2.0. 5.7jO33
88:52.4118.6ji66+! 042'
146i
�f
_
SUCvGESTED TREATMENT'OR SECOND CROP . OR YEAR •'
�.+ip T•i iXCnl.
.. VE p J3 KID Va lZ8
M• $E!
CCRK,SILAGE
J.0 18D-220'060-C8D 03C-050' 0 0 r 0
Oi 3
•
1099+((104)
1 J �
..2 5.oiD46
14U 47.8 22.8 166+ 104! 581 1
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR?-
--OP TO BE IgOWN
uKrF V Pj Os
K O
My w T Zn g
Mn
SEE
IOTE
GORN,SILAGE
0.0 180-220
1 0
0 0 0
0
3 i
-
TEST RESULTS'
4T— phI
k1 G'M I NP%
Mnl ZM ; Co-1
AI
$.1 HOSN
NHKN Na
i
093+1(0851
i
.6i 6.® 054
1i8 54.4.18.0
166+: 085 78
_.._..-
SUGGESTED TREAT K E . = iECOND CROP !OR YE gR{°
FES/GG/TIM M
G.0100-200 010-03U 0 0j 0 0 +
0; 12
T EST RE SU L'S•
1093+1(O80i
,2 v6.0 056 206;47.9,24.8166+ 080172, {
�-
_ SUGvESfEO TREA 7M EN'T rr;R SEC OND CR OP.fCR-Y--EAri�}•--`�—���-���
CPOP SJ Sf GXOWN _INE i N Y p405 i XZO fTG Zn i b ' Nn SEE
i

SUIL JEST REPURT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT NLo04012 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER- RALEIGH, N.C.
PHONE: [phone]
ocil 14/ 8 3 COPIES SENT TO:
X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
CORDELLip LON
TO:43cj RCWLAND RD
Slt•iANNANUA NC 29776—
FARM LOCATION (COUNTY); LUNCCMBE
UP LARRY KING
FRED MYfRj
SAtIMPLE APPLIED LIME I'ERT LAST�C�j sm, MN CEC I
NO as N
Me. V, Tl� 0,
i FES/%jG/TIM M I �,
MIN 0.8 0.45 9. It, j75
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP 0.4 Y!:,.-4)--
CROP TO BE GROWN LIME C,v c. f
L S /t:V/ Pe A ClIc-6410
U
FIELD INFORMATION
D L
MIN o.b 1.00 t.c 7,1 Lj
SUG.-,F—I'D T7E A T%"ENT
L 0 U u Q i i 0 k; 't C
FIELD INFOR414TION
--.MIN U G S 3 Era. 55
'ED V��,'l Z-3 Trpop
S/T1M i.0T2CU u
FIELD INFORMATION
"El.111-S 'RCI
IT L /u G/ 7 i.M I I N C .7 C.Y5 5.0
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP DR YEAR'''
ulT�}O BE GROWN LIME I
1.21 Go—w.00 1O-130 D40-06C 0 0 G
62,
u I Z
,so TIM, CEC j Its %
THIS FIELD WILL NOT RECEIVE SLUDGE , 1 i I
I J. 5 0 =1 6.6 76 1
C
*TEST RESULTS WC. tests will not comParodhrect!v zI 7a, =:b As
S-Il Chrb, #All, MITI,,
URG - ',a,,
LIM HumIc -matter. pe't,'hT by "I ? I
Weight War VbILl". "'IT"
CEC = Caiw E.ch. Cap. bta,, too LT.- C. Carl,,- n4 -E- T,
READ SUPPLEMENTALMATERIALAND BA

12
RALE luk
SmANNANLA
TEST RESULTS
C.
0841
1 5.4 0 1.2 66+ 084 SO
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR XEAR)..
Ce - 11 M IRO l LIME K 20 mg I Cu I Z. SEE
NOTE
�00-200 �20-C40 I 0 0
RESULTS
I , �IN 1.
J.V, V'i 7 52.3 18.4 lbb+ 057 `i4
SUI_STED TRHAI,',IENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEARI-1
C-/ I I:.. o20-040 i 0 L
TEST RESULTS
) I C5 , C
.4 5.6 014
1044
:>O 43.2 1 664 05 0 102
'3:,—,GESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP !OR
ITO
2C�
U
`S7 �SJLIs.
o I, ...
It I.,# Oiu
46 39.7 14.9 �t6+ z039 1104
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP iOR YEAR)"
P20i
F_
K 7.
CL Zr
B M. SEE
10TE
i0.0 �L)0-200 JIO-130
�40-06 0
0 !o
—TEST RESULTS
ss Nop NH,k N.
4,6 �9. f I
5o 13 ol i �2.4 466+ i1079 1 72
TFD TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP 'OR YEAR!—
KID
J.L, 1JJ-2CC LOC-12U 040-voC J L
­TREATMEh,T, lbala unless specified
q. AT-opable. See scppl.menial mates 1.
CK OF REPORT FOR FURTHER DETAIL

`.-� avlL lG.�I ncrvn'
- AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REaOkT NL.34G IZ BLUER I DGE ROAD CENTER. RALE IGH. N.C.
PHONE: [phone]SE,
COPIES SENT TO:
- ay/ I4/ d 3 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
LORUELL9 CON
TO 439 KUwLAti© kU GR LARRY KING nALEI
;WaAnaNGa INC 26776- FREE flY[RS S:+ANI
FARM LOCATION ( COUNTY I: 6.UNLUN3F
FIELD !NFORMA-ION
SAW— _5."i15'.ROV ILI W: __C
- FES/.:G/t1" i joiIN ;li.a.Oi II.i5 i.[ ib
71I--GESTSD 'FR_.�" 'Ek'.' FOR rIRST -ROP FOR YEAR)"
[RIP TO BE ^=OrvN •11 I ¢.O ph ..o � _ T—.�--
P_ rip, I +..0 i�':r-tv0 SbC-cbu Uiv-usC C L L 6c /L
- a I
I
IEL .Wr„a%14 v - --- _ ----- - ---�
I
FC
t
SUGGESTED TREATAtFnfT FbR F-RS? "?OP'OR 'l =.aR
:W Tn aE r.oWR „.F -
FIELD INFORMATION
SAMVLi PRiVID'JS LP!JG Sn,l H4'- rIN CFas Ac C —,
I
Ip
I
I
—._ SUGGESTED T?E;.. R.iE I,T .: .._...- Gi,V CR "s?
I
TEST RESULTS IN.C. tern w01
RI -AD SUPPLENIEINTAL ^e'ATERI.AL AND BACK UI

H
4NCA
TEST RESULTS
,a I p r �.; GY 0.4jt
Mrvr 2rvl Co-1
i-r
Sal NO3M NNZN
!L
0 �30 64 $9.8 i.7
66+ 091 12
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP IOR YEAR)"
10 BE m`Fb, L,.E N PO KO
I I Z e Z
Mp {p Lu
Zn
a
Mn
SEE
NOTE
I
:/fts•. ;� '0.0 iG-2G0 bG-080 �.G-030
0 10
0
i
0
:2
TEST RESULTS`
n<y� Ma. .., f v_r Sr I y5-I NO3N NnKM I Nr
1 I
—'GtS`J TREATMENT FOR 'ECOND CROP (OR YEAR, —
TEST RESULTS '
M., ..: I C. j S-r 551 1 NO3N
i 1
UN4N
N.
I
I
_
- c.'.iGG ESTEO TR E A THEN T FCR SECOND CROP IOR Y.EA R''"
C. 2n
n Mn '
SEE
-
I
� I
i i
I
NOTE 1
TEST RESULTS'
4 . :anp M• 1 .n. .v r 5-1 IT
i I � $S.I NU3N 4N N I W
I
I f ! I
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEARI"
_
O BE B9GwN '_irfE N 2ZG5 K20
Mp I Cu Zn
a
Mn
I
NOTE
TEST RESULTS'
rq P I I K.Y G% MyY
Mn.l 2n.1 Gi
SI SSi
NO3X
NNZN
W
i I
I
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP !OR YEARI'.
_
OBE C1Cal ': __'-- - v P -qS K20 Kb Cv ... B Mn SEE
NOTE j
I
- -RE.A T MENT, Ibs/a unleo specified
'. - ... ss.ltOW a9. tt. K,_� •ro;esn N. _ _. .,r. .. Zr- - -.
Tee Le.=1 Is quest'Gaable. See Supplemental material.
REPORT FOR FURTHER DETAIL

I
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N
N
N
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E

SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AtPCRT NC.04013 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH N C.
PHONE: (919; 733.2655
COPIES SENT TO
-39/ 14/ 8 3 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO: 5AKEk, ULMONT
I
dO R IVERiwGG0 AD GR LURY KING
k
SwANNANCA RC 2877E- FREID MYER5
FARM LOCATION I COUNTY f:
2 U N C J' M. 6 E
FIELD INFORNIAT iON
EA." E I -REVIOUSCRIDII gPIL ED LIME 1 I£RT -AaTCFI
CLi
il GRAIN, SMALL -1 r) d nill MIN 1.2 j]-ni j 6.3
149 j 3.1
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR YEAR)-
1.00 10 BE GA0.1 I a
LIME
11
LP :1 vi; AIN I . v V, 120— 100 C 0 0— 0 20 C C 0
0 3 c
FIELD %FGQ4,lA7
V T liv ij 0 1 2.8 J.87 13.c
60 2.1
1.1fiCO-2W C2C-C,40 Cl,.-rjC C 0 C
0 12 f",
FIE; D
E G, T I IIA Jil i-SO' MIN O.d 0.64 10.7
76 2
"'FAR.-
-IE r:.OWN "o
r I r. ET ; --UO CC-C�,b OW-C30 C C
-ICC I`
0 11 f
F'ELO INFORMATION
71
, A Aj4p SMALL 05Q J56i KIN 1.5 1.06 7.5
56 3.
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP ;OR YEAR:—
CAOP TO BE GqoWN L-ME N - 205 I'D
1C
t,:N, G k A I IN 1 2.01J120-1601 0 010-03C 1 0 j G 0
0 3
FIELD INFORMATION 11
-nll
ioa"poscaop
FEAT L.S7 �Rop 'I SOIL M% WN CEC
I'-' EaT
CLASS
as
`� ; 1
F 2 5
FL
IS /t--G/ I !M A
030 U- , 0 MIN 0.6 !0.98 o.2
171 21
SUGGESTED TRF—TMENT FCR ­RST —ROP !OR V-4;W-
//TI? 1.2TiCU-2UO ;COG—UG OUJ-620 0 0 0 f
,-v'
EST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not compare directly nv-rtty methods.)
ORG - 0-,.c cr, A-z" I,
r'V, H.m.c Mager, P! 11 4a-
%NUV - eleight per Volume. g/cm K I Ince.
CEC . C.Ijo. Each. Cep., rra;,,X C.-% - C,llci,m, � of CEC
QP An ',1 1001 rA117NITAI IMATPPIAI ANIn RA

03t12
�ALEIGH
,wANhANCA
TEST RESULTS
Kit
C.1
S,
a.,
2 5.1
!05 a
96 31.7 9.1
in's
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP !OR YSAR)**
C.01 TC BE GROWN 1-.E N eLpS
K20 ip Cu 2n 8 Mn SEE
NOiE
0.0 !120-160
0I 0 i c
-EST RESULTS'
104+1 ( 1-,C)l
6 5.6 046
�,? 54.5 122.9 loo+ 13C 140
SUGGESTED TREA rrAE.%- OR SF:,`JO CROP :OR YEAR."
ES/CG/TDA M
0.0 100-20C 020-04C OIC-03C
0 0 J
J 12
(1101+)(C46)i
4 5.7 024
6b 51.5 22.9 166+ 048 106
SUGG�bTv D TkE,-,TVEN �'EC
::-q -FAR"
—
E5/CC/T1,M M
"".0 100-200 070—CSY0 010-030
0 G j
TEST RESULTS
(42 G+ J 05 S)i
2 5: (1 094
o8 21.2 31.8 106+ 059 114
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP iOR YEAR)
11 'IN 1 i W a
ieSEE
.QTE
ORNiGRAIN
0.0 1120— 160 1 0 PI0-030
i a o
0 3
TEST RESULTS
St sat ects,
N.,N N.
4 5.4 C56
1 72 47.3 '19. 2 .166+ 125 76
—FN - R SE C ON:: CROP OR
qt
Tt
Ej/GC/T1M fi`
0.0 10�^21CC 000-02C (W 0-0 2 C
0 L
*TRFA TMENT, lbs/3 lies spec,f,ed
STest
Laval is questionable. See supplemental material.
'W Or PF'3nPT
POP r11PT4-IPR nPT411

(_.
SUIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REpGRT NC.03990 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH. N.C.
PHONE: [phone]
COPIES SENT TO:
09/ 1216 3 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN I
` TO:MYERS# FRED
198 CAVIC'SCN RG CR LARRY KING
SNANNANDA NC 28776-
_ FARM LOCATION ( COUNTY 1:
APPL�EUL aF {FEel.LAST fPCD ,I GLAD i xM4 vN :5C I RSY aE Me. Vr i'R D25 --1 FES/CGITIM M ��� If MI14 0.i 0.95 10.2 j 96 0:
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP (OR YEAR)'•
CROD TO eF GRCM'N LIME N SEJ'S I \�O Ne Cu Z8 E
i,- D 1
S/,G/TI! M i 0.0 100-200 �C30-050 1010-u3G G C 1 C 0 12
i ✓='ELD NFORMAT;ON
SUGGESTED .EAT` 7 an
.-
i
_ FIELD IN -FORMATION -'
__. SUGGE3TFO `RE471.1 P : Ft?" 43T'_R5P iOR
i 1 a
--- FIELD INFORMATION ----
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP !OR YEAR.
K20
CROP TO eE GRDWN LIME •� N Pj05
FIELD INFORMATION it I
54MiEE PREVIOUS COOP pPPL.EDUME tF!RT LASTCROP WIL NM-% WN
NO.CLASS
Mo •, 1 T:A :O,, I t
41
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR r!RS-CROP IGR '- AR"•
CROP LO BE GROWN LIME N _
I
TEST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not compare directly to by Orner methods-i
.. - Soil Ciass: MIN •. MIRe2!
M-0 - M,.e,abOrganre Ac = ac tli',r- car' 00 _ •-, .. -„ .._ ,
HM-%- Hurnic Mdtter, Paicent by of P 1 • Fnom'+ •^fa.
-W/V - Weight Oet ✓memt. 9lcm' K-I - P.I,s ,', s-
CEC Cation E+ch. Cap, ineU 1106 ^m' Ca±E Gal cur:, !01 CEC
READ SUPPLEMENTAL NvTATERIAL AND BACK 0

I2
?AL EIGW
_ ?EST RESULTS '--
:
— f175+)j(144)1
4 j 6.7 043 bB 65.0 27.8 66+ 1 144 ' 102
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR )PPAR)••
CaOP 418E G3GWN 1 :'ME ! 4 P205 1 KZO nOiE
ES/CG/TIM M 0.0 100-200 030-050 010-03C 1 0 C J I C 12
•..1.; M.: _.I :.: .. 4911THPN
_ II DT:-
__
- :Pl c._!Vi Fr_i i:. 7- �.tl0
RELT.S'
is ai. YC- NXan' I .e
>�I •-+�+= C TREATMENT FOR SECOND CKiip 'i7R YEAR - —�
�
iTi
: I ;
r _ I :�•. .M�.1 Ir: I _.I � 5.: _��
SI ._N NNaN V ~
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CAOF OR YcAR)•-
9E i=A1N•I ?—�qAF N P .] K G : —�--
Z 5 , " C' �l Zn 9 li Mn SEE I
REPORT F.-ID=1:Rl_HFR r) TAil

Sill
BiLTMORE ESTATE

�, .�,. • .tax
\ P 4

CC
al •`� � 1/00 0
$•1 r� \'�, i ' lie,
IN
�`� ` 1��1 f'�_'./ ee" I1 1�N _ 0>_i� ��� � � nN_ •- I^,�..,✓-_ �`�.. ��
��J ��/-��1 \ 11 tZN
'rl \`z"
x e\��/(J
I t
930 000 FEET I •i MILLS RIVER j.0 MI. 35' ! �57 f KYLAN 193-NE
355 DREVARD 33 MI. 358 4454 I NE
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SOIL TEST REPORT
DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH, N.C.
733-2655
COPIES SENT TO:
X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
LIME I PERT -,t T GAOP
0 TREATMENT FOR FI
emL HM-% W.N CEC I e4;
MINI 0.5 0.98 7.1 172
OP (OR YEAR)"
Me C. I Zn v I Mn SEE
NCTE
0-200 IC20-040 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 J 12
ORMATION
MIN ! 0.6 1.14 : 4.3 44 2
GESTEO TREAT MIF:%;T -0R =.ST �,P pR ISAR `
I ` i
120- 160 0 000-020 1 $ 0 V O 3
smL -1
M MIN � 0.6 0.96 6.4 69 2
SUGGESTED TF°A•T�'ENT FOP FIRST CROP .'DR YE,i R;'•
INOr
.871100-zoo !100-120 0` c 0 0 0 12
I 'PeVL":', j PE SOIL ru rvv SS•
j MIN 0.4I1.18i 4.5�73 1
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP (OR YEAR)
LIME N eE05 [1O : M.P C:. 2n B M' NOTt
I
0.41120-160 I070-090 ;030-050, 0 I 0 0 j 0 3 it
ON
ME PEflT LAST CROV 1 SY)tl HM%
W!V
CfC
p5%
I=A"Ll
CLASS
yr. T.'A 9,05
3 5 XZp
i MINI 0.7
,1.15
5.2
54 2
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR YEARI"
LIME I N
PZOa x2o M9
]I
I I I
Ncrr ,I
1.5 120-160
000-020'02J-040 j 0 0 J
0 j
'S (N.C. tests will not compare directly to numbers obtained by other methods.)
Mineral SS-%- Base SawmvOn. %,. CEC V..,% Macneslum. %of CE--
vC,r.
MlnerebOgerji Ac= Acicil', meq%100 cm' Mr.I=A!anganase
Organic PH- Hvdrogen-ion Activi!y Zn I = r.0 10!fex
Na = Sr.a:,.m memos_ W Cm
liter, Percent by vol. P_I - Phosphorus Intlax C. I = --Lpgr In e.
Volume, g/Cm' K-I = Potassium Index SI - sunI ce Su.i(n IIda,
h. Cap., meq/100 C. C.%- Calcium, %ol CEC SS -I - SOILDIe San index
I
RFAII SI IPPI FMFNITAI MATFRIAI ANIFI RLtI

03,12,3
T TEST RESULTS • _
Ac ( ON I -. P w.l i Ca'. M}M Mn.l Io-i Pnl SA SS.1 NOSN NHfN Na
(va+)t1s3)
'.0 5.5 030 j 88 47.9 �17.Ti66+ 1153 194
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR AAR)"
CROP TO BE GROWN i LIME 1 N P Oz NE O Mp Cu 2n R Mn SEE
NOTE
JFES/OG/TIM M 0.0 1100-200 1020-040 0 0 0 p 0 112
-6. RESULTS' -- _
(114+)(054) 1
.4 5.2 084 70 25.8 9.8 166+ 054 82 I
.S'-1GGEST EJ TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAMi
-qa:O nF =.OWN _uc 3� ,O 'b T ! 5 M: 3EE1
CCRt„GRAIN 0.0 120-160 0 000-02C $ 0 0 0 3 1
CM P"! ./1 .N 1+: ^.:! $1 1 z1 NO_N N. N I Na
(104+)(066)1
0 5.6 014 102 42.3 18.5 166+ 066 1 66 j
7' -_TMEfi i FOR SECOND CRI:P OR YEAR: •.,
FES/CG/TIM M
0.0 100-200 100-120 0
a
0 C 0
Mr.
o j12
SEE 'y
_ --
TEST _RESUL7-.
--- —
—�
•. uv a I
.2 5.7 424
<n '. M r ' _„ (','v----
( 101+)1053)�
48 48.7 19.5 166+ 053 ! 52
$1 AI kV tN
( NNIN
I ^.a
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR)"
CB^P ',>a; iOwN
CpRN,GRAIN
•M_ 4 ( pE05
0.0 120-160 670-090
KEO I
b30-050i
Mp
0
C,
0
En g
�0
Mn
1 p
SEE
NOTE
3
TEST RESULTS • ""
\a pH f" P I i a.l Ce-� Vy.i Mn l 21n1 I Crnl &1 5,.1 I NO$N NHAN 1 N.
(120t)(055)I I
.4 5.0 058 56 34.6 13.8 166+ 055 1 58 1
SUGGES 7ED T7 E":MENT FOR SECOND CROP :OR YEARI"
•'V9> •� g RLv:'. ,:`AF r RFO Mp i Z. m r N AI^ SEE
r i - ' '•OTF
_GRN,GRAIo, 0.0 120-160 000-020 020-040 0 0 0 0 3
REA iMENT, Ib& a unless specified
0 ?a.on
S Test Level is qunrioxable. See supplemental material.
f K (1F R�P(1RT F(lR FI IRTHFR nFTAII

SOIL TES" REPORT"
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
p4 REPORT NR.039QO SLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER. RALEIGH. N.C.
4' PHONE: (M) 733-2655
COPIES SENT TO:
1 09/ 12/ 83 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO:
BILTMORE ESTATE
FARM LOCATION I COUNTY 1:
BUNCOMBE
FIELD INFORMATION
!
SAMPLE
b0.
IAPPLIED t:ME
:+-fRL LASTrROP
-T_PTOS
SO2 Haa, WN CEC "% i Aa
CLA$
jP"VIOV8FR-7—
M.. Vr
TIA Ktp
r
1306
FES/OG/_TIM MI^
0.4 1.00 15.61 r 79 1.
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOH FIRST COOP (OR YEAR)••
CROP TO BE GROWN
LIME V
P205 KTO .M, C..
2n d Mn SEE 'I
I � NOTF 11
!FES/OGITIM M
I 0.0.1100-200
i040-060 1020-040 C 0
I 0 0 12F' I i
I
FIELD INFORMATION _
607 MIN 0.3 1.1[ 5.7 93 ).
tiORN,GRAIN C.0 :120-160 C80-100 O J-05C I C U 7 0 Gv
FIELD INFORMATION
SAMPLE PREVIWS CRC-P .a,.,P •M+ n V c,.
L08 i MIN ' 0.7 :1.11 4.8 42 2.i
V ='i7 - -ST CROP iC�{ YEAR!' -
cROP—�_
No
iCORN,GRAIN 1 97120-160 0` 0 0-050 : i C 0 0 3'C(
FIELD INFORMATION _
-809 F£5/OG/-7IM M MIN 1 0.6 j0.97 ;10.5 i 89 1.
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP ;OR YEAR,"
CROP TO BE GROWN I LIME N P2Oi 410 .. _ e I M+ SEE S.
' NOTE
I II
FES/OG/TIM M I 0.0 i100-200 I 0-20 0 0 0 i 0 j 0 12 I�
I
FIELD INFORMATION
SAMPLE PREVIOUSCROP
APPLIED LIME FEET LAST CROP
SOIL NM% WN
CEC 85% 4c
NO
CLASS
'
I
I
Ma. I Vr TrA I P105 K,C 1
010 '
MIN 0.4 11.16
1 4.6 65 1 1.6.
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR YEARI••
"
CROP TO RE GROWN LIME 6 -'05 1,70 MeT C.2r:
a
R SE'
1
C0RN,GRAIh C.671120-160 iC20-C40 :010-030 C i 0 0
0 3 CC
' TEST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not compare directly to numbers obtained by other methods.)
Sort Cass MW - AI.nCra1 AS'K - tLt, ,a»u;,,n. -, r CEC V,-� _ •: Bar sw.m, : n, CFr
'y0 - M.ne.a>JtSemc At Ac-d,,, mmI IO0 un %I,t
3RG - 0"a,, c JH = i,dr,,,,I-..An A,,'nr, Zml - Z�� ,._.
Ae = Sodn:rn, m.; I ;0,
HM.X - H m c Mar:er. PeR:ern OV VOI P I ,mosu ors index C. I oc de
W/V • We,ht ... ,I,e, gran K :, ass u I dez y 1 S Lat-6.0, r'x
CEC - Caton EPcn Cap, me;IOO cm 16=Calcium, %o'CEC SSI S. L .a L�^ar
READ SUPPLUAENTAL h1ATERJAL
}
AND BACt�

RESULTS
iTEST
IR�,Tn.iSI SS, NO�X
NN•N
N+
71!6.1 b37
' 60 49.8 �3.5 '6b+ 1 071i , 66
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YE RI••
^R0,TOaEGROWN
LIME N
K20
P30,IO�2
"M
Cv
1n a
Mn
SEE
NOTE
ES/OG/TIA) M
0.0 p.00-200
0-060-040
0
0
0
0
L2
TEST RESULTS
Gat tl , SS.I NO,N
(080+I1038)
tiMl
4 6.5 J21
54 59.8 28.5 :166+ 038 62
Su: `STEO TREATENT FOR SECOND -
_ _ CROP (OR FEARI•
.-�t•.., .E -orvN
;tME
GRN,GRAIN
0.0 120-160 080-100 030-0501 0 0 0
p
3
TEST REQl it TS '
K.1
SS -I ! NO,N I NN°H .W
(125+)(049)i
3 ` 4.3 070 54 27.0 9.1 166+ 049 i 46
SUGGESTED TREAT:4IENT %.:)R SECOND CROP MR YEAR)"- "I TO
urea
. - PrOE , K20 I ati Ou 2n � e I Mn SEE
WN,GRAIN 0.0 120-160i 0 030-050 S 0 0 0 1 3
n G JJ C. I J -
VO_tN _.— ---
vH P t K . • nay.% 4n 1 Zn-I :u. I 5.1 y$1
�. I NMIN 4a
(088+)I1119I I I
6.2 063 94 60.9 23.2 ;166+ 118 82
- - —' --.+. . —..
CR0P TO BE:: ROWN 1 LIME 4 p25
S/OG/TIM k 0.0 too-2oa o-zo
—------
K20=c,
00
, 1vn T CHNI`+
Mn
SEE
NOTE
12
TEST RESULTS • --
P.l %.I q.% My-% Mn-1 2nd cei Si 54.1 NOON NNKN Na
5.6 A47 68 59.1 18.7(166+I1 059Ii 40
SUGGESTED TREAT7ENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR)•'
GeOP TO eE Nphk n+
Mn SEf
NOTE
RN,GRaIN �0.0 120-160 020-040 010-030 10 0 0 10 3
1
'*TREATMENT, Ibs/a unless Specified
1000 sG. •*. K.O = Potash, M
Is Mg = Magnesium
8 +Boron
�.' _SC't3•^ ?100059. `1. (.V�i.eGOiI MIt !.1Ang9n21?
S Test L:tvel s auastionable. Sae supplemental material.
OF REPORT FOR FURTHER DETAIL

SUIL ItNI KtVLJHI
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT NO.03980 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH, N.C.
PHONE: t9191 733 2655 I
COPIES SENT TO: i
09/12f$ 3 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN j
TO: !!
BILTMORE ESTATE
FARM'1
BUNCOMBE
FIELD INFORMATION
yaMPLE PREVIOUS CROP APPLIED'_.ar .. ,Sr ID:: .Af.-, 'N,N CfC BSt i
NO Mo. ( Yr T.i CLA.\T ' I
B11 I MIN ! C'.4 11.11 4.3 72 1.�
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR VEARI"
CROP TO BE OROWN LIME—
'
ICORN,GRAIN 0.0 1120-160'C70-C90 !000-020 0 0 i 0 0: 3 t
FIELD INFOP. h1A 71C^!
0 FIELD iNFO=NAR; .:N
1 e'}' O 3E Grtu Y•u If ,
FIELD INFra s; -----
Y ll�"!
SUGGESTED TREATP61ENT FOR FIRST C90F -OR Vi
CROP TO BE GROWN LIME N •.OS '21
1
1
FIELD INFORMATIO
SPMPLE PREVIOUSCROP pPPL,, LIME
VO
Mo.
FERT ISSTCROP
-5 '1
SUGGESTED TREAiStENT FOR FIRST (.HC'F Oti
=91, IO BE GROWN LIME I•1 p
I I 1
I
i
wry
CEC i
eS �.
A[
I
I
' TEST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not compare directly to rur,Ibeis nh :• : zhde ri,-nocI3_I
i
0"amc
M1• e_ barter. Percen[ bV
Ila, VOIVIne. 9krrJ
a un t Itch. C.P. rreO/1W '^ a, .0 z. 1
READ SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL AND BA

TEST RESULTS -
%
M" Zn I I Cu t $.1 I NO,, N.,
(b93+) 039)1
.2 6.0 02670 42.4 21.2
166+ j 039 50
�7_0 _�csf SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP 'OR rY
N K
7 Mn 1 $EE
NOTE
7
I _0RN,GRA -IN 0_.0 1120- 160 1070-09C GOO-02020 0 c 0
T
4D -Rup lop I.AR:. -
Nll,l 11
3LIGGFSTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP IOR YEAR)'-
2K,3
05 SEc NOTE
TEST RESULTS
OF R. PORT FOR FURTHER DETAIL

Robert Herron
J. W. (Bo) Nesbitt
J. C. Nesbitt
Henry Young
SITE 4:
M.

WAN
tf
4"
,,n-&HERRON W YOUNG
Bo NESBITT
J C NESBITT

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SOIL I ESI Kt:VUh I
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.0 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
�RT NC.26694 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIG, �—C
iPHONE' !9191 733 2655 I
117�8 3 COSIES SENT TO,
X C-LJNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
HERRCN, RCBERT
RT 1
FLETCHER NC 28732-
iRM LOCATION I COUNTY L BUNCOMBE
FIELD INFORMATION ,
PIE ILRf V10VPCROP nIPLjE'LIP:
T
6 CCRN,SILAGE I MINI 0.7'1.08 4.7 66 I:
SUGGESTED TREAIMEN" : GQ F:RST -ROL ,,._ : AG..••
CROP TO BE CROWN I L..; n 1
y 6 �U
:RN,SILAGE I C.7T180-220 1CIC-030 12J-14C 0 0 0 0 3 1
P ILLC, :%Fi)RI.i.:- "II - ---- --- ------
1
CURP:,SILAGE MIN 0.7 1.14 4.8 75
I
FY,SILAGE , C.3T180-220 o-20 lob-120 o 0 0 0 3i
CORi%,SILAGE MIN : 1.2 1.13 4.7 66—
SILA'-a
::.6T130-220 COG-C20 12& 14C 0 0 0 0
3
CCRN,SILAGE------_- - MIN 1.5 1.03 5.6 57 21i
LJGGE STE O'h f •. TM; FpF: cIR?
CNGG TO BF CaRONN Liu•
1:-�R[.,SILAGE 1.3T1d0-220 C50-G70 13E0-15G C 0 0 0 3
FIFI D INFORMATI01% !
M.L: ivRl Y:VL, CNI:: : A'::
-H1 ;CORN,SILAGE MIN 0.8 1.18 4.4 73 11
SUGGESTED TRi ', fr.11 ---
:.::0 J
CPCN iO Pf GROWN
'Juc _
. C. 2n 6 u: i.•
L(,PNgSILAGE
C.4T,180-220 C20-040
126140
0 0 0 03
i
FIELD INFORMATION
--
`_RHi! FESlOG/TIM
M N`
_
MI_N!
1.C.1.02_ 5.5 71- 1
SUGGESTED TR`EATNIF . ,., �R
f-.R iJ'r OR
.xFr• _ _
—Y?
CROP TO BE GROWN
E
_ <?J •.V
_.
''�

Z, Cu:
106+).(053)1
.6 5.5 066 i 34 47.3 14.6 166+ 053..! 86
SUGGEST CC) 'PF f TWIlT FOR SECOND CROP IOP YEARI-
.:o p MUTE OTE
(046+)(0541.
.2 5.9 076 44 54.2 16.3 166+ 054 76
(104+)(039)
.6 5.6)072 36 46.8 15.3 166+ 039 112
T
.4 5.3 042 30 4Z.6 12.1 166+ 068 120
r UDC.:p
T'.
TEIT S.
K
(161+) (04-5)'-
.2 5.7 056 32 54.1 15.3 166+ 045 42
0'. D
K:0
T. L I S
4099+1(047)
.6 5.8 084 32:5U.9 17.1'166+ 047 72
C-I
lolr
12

03/17/83 r
HERRON, RCBERT
TO KT 1
FLETCHER NC 23732-
FARM LOCATION 1 COUNTY i. RUNCOMBE
COPES SENT TO
X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
I
i
RUC
FIELD INFORMATION
-PM
rPFY:s C.O>
W
''P e0. .r4C[i
: eellEJ l�Mf fu iAST.� M"i
I(-F12�
CORN,SILAGE
G 'I MIN 0.8 .1.20 4.2 61 1.
SUGGESTED TR�4I'9E%T ' On FIRST CROP ;OR YE4R`* _
CPOe iU Bt GPOYrh
i IIMi ry ".:
a—'� i Mz ! <.i 1: i B i 4 4U, '
CGRN,SILAGE
i 0.6T.180-220 C10-r030
i
14b-16C 0 0 0 O 3
f-fiV,"5 i Pi PLO FIELD ItiF O%F'.1::' I ON
.
eCL'nN,SILQGe
—H=:
MIN
1.8
1.17
5.6
57
2.
F K",;ILAGE 1.4TIEU-120
t
C-60,40B0
1301J15C
C 0
0
0
3
CGRN,SILCGE
MIN
0.5
1.16
5.2
77
1.
i(
0 0
0
0
-i
3
�''k: ,SILAGE C.JT160-22�
10C-12C
126-�C14C
—
�— FES/'�G/7I'? M
MIN
0.6
0.99
6.3
81
1.;
T.
I
M C.CTICJ-20J
C90-110
060 OSG
0 0
0
0
12
JJEG/LL,/TIM
3
P
-H6 ;FES/GG/TIM M
MIN
0.6
0.94
6.5
69
21
1y� SUGGESTED TRFi.TMEVT
FOF:
F IR^.T C � iOP. Yc.:
CPne IO Bk GaUWM1 LIMEC.,l:'
FES/,»/TIM M C.7T1C0-200
C9C-110
060 -OBC
0 0
0
d
12 'I
` TEST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not mmpa.e di,ecuv to numnor, obta.ne! by otni, oimhoosA
So:l C'.n M.N • hl -lf., bo + v CEC r.D r,
M0 Mn. n.V-cnnK A.. iarLV mW IOGL.
OHG • Gm,PI: o" _ ,. oroae^ a^ A. r, 2, _ y- -.ae. S, • S:.r.:- lie --Ili
vii,
.. - N. a-. _ .- V a me 9.c.-, A . 4:: .n, . : ... 1. .._ v .. ... npe• j
__.. - Ca, on f .. _.- Win...,,. % of C.. n: _.....u.
R=AD SUPPLEfOENTAL NIATERIAL AND B —
I

y, .. f M. ; O \ � Mo♦ ... ,�. Gu- I 31 ' BSr I FJ., � wn,n { ...
(104+)(048),
.6 5.6 1066 26 45.8 12.5 166+ 048 46
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CRO' MR YEAaI"
f.H01 TO BE G.p ' tIM! M1 11,5 y, C.NOTE
j
(114+)(167).. 1
A5.2 036 30 41.4 12.6 166+ 167 56
— (096+)(098)
,2 5.9 016 34 51.8 21.9 166+ 098 32
074)
(09
5.9 18 32 6U.3 18.1 166t 074 40
(101+)(058) s M1c.
5.7 16 36 48.9 17.7 166+ 058 40
i i i I
Si, SG 7..Tr*. TP*:.T.,-rr` r ECO�:: "i{C:. arc Vc _
C., r Ye: uv n. L:V, �.. _- [i. B •n. SEk
I I I I I
"TREFiMENT• IbvB unless ive metl
_11' r. - ...
P,0 • P ,, , E•
T!II LPV I: CaeSLnnwvk. See sbp3i,me, mate,d..
CK OF REPO- FOR FU THER DETAIL

.II . r\I V.. r\I'll V
PHONE: [phone]
03/17/83
HERRON, ROBERT
TO: RT 1
FLETCHER NC 28732—
COPIES SENT T0:
X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN I
1
i
i
FARM LOCATION (COUNTY 1: BUNCOMBE
i
FIELD INFORNRATION
SAWLE PRE,Ous CRo%
wLIF]IIM: r 11x:
ATIP
. ILO'% li CI,R:S
HM'. W'v
I Cai
Ba '
Hn
12L
—P1 ; mks
I ! 1
MIN
0.7 .1.07
5.3
: 47
SUGGESTED THEA IN1E NT ^OR FIRST CROC IOR Y1=An"
CROP TO BE GRCWN
LIME I
rcA
v- .. h
B
M. $i''
I
CORN,SILAGE
11.8T;180-220 C30TO50
060-080
S 0 0
0;
/C !c'}`
FIELD WFORNI:.T;ON
�I SiMaIE aPEYrnJSCPIIa
M1J
IA,.,. rl.. .:
- _- _
e
•.a
a_
&.-
HYP FED/CG/TIM IV v
MIN
1.1 0.93
14.4
94
C. G 140-180
0
0
0 0
0
0
____---.
_--
_
E
�tbtit, %)'/ !'1 CI :lC I• r.t;.r T ..1..
_ _ -_
—
L"', CuFN,3ILaGE
MIN
0.6
1.07
7.2
89
L.0 130-220
0
070-090
0 0
0
0
,EILAGE
i.T T08ACC3, FAK
MIN
0.6
1.00
12.1
93 1
cwcP Tn Es/.A o....
I,3AtCO3 EuR 6. 40-130
0
0
0 0
0
0
I
FIELD inl C, 14.ION
_
---
<,U P, CCRN,SILACE I M
MIN
0.7
1.06
6.2
74
I,
':°"
,.•:
\'
SUGGESTED TREATN1EN'
.•
IOG:
\ h
CROP 1p Bk OR—, LIMj ..
1 •
LGRw,SIIASE C.0T160-220 0
C
0601080
0
0 0 0
TEST RESULTS IN.C. tens wdl not nmaarR directly it, rum.irs rb:+ r.-.'. r..
oil -
MIN .Mnre - u
`-
ae: h x-
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- --
-
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1
;L N1=;TER1 AL ANll
i

TEST RESULTS
rl '.a
(122+)(052)1. I I !
2.8 4.9 048 1 62 32.3 8.7 .166+ 052 ! -. -74 _1
SUGG_STEO TREATMENT FOR SECOND CRO? 104 VEARI"
Ci.OP Tp BE rQ MH i l IM'. i N I PTur 1 r-G Mc C. 2n i B M. NOTE
1 1 NOTE
I
3 I !
TE'- RUG -
"° (075t)1269),
0.8 6.7 166+ 284 57.8 26.7 166+ 269 126
0
0.8 6.4 103
1083+)(117)
58 65.7 19.0 166+ 117, 82
T
11 (075+)(271). Y
0.8 6.7 166+ 266 58.6 23.8 166+ 2711110
s.. ss i No_•. ..aN N.
I
1.6 5.9 109 62 51.5 17.7 166+ 121 86 1
3
R'
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_ 1 � � c, Y� J. ."'.l'1GplB SP8 SV PhIB TBOIn' frlf\Br ld �-
_s

{ OUIL ICbI rirrUtll
AGRONOMIC DIVISION. N.0 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT NG. 26694 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER RALEIGH, N.0
PHONE: [phone]
03/ 17/ 83 COPIES SENT TO.
X COUNT y EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
HERRCN, RCBERT
TO: R T 1
FLETCHER NC 28732-
FARM LOCATION I COUNTY 1: BUNCOMBE
I FIELD INFORMATION
1 iiMPlf PREVIOI)S CROe aIPLIEO LIM( {1 :l, TO'• wM- W'l if: b!1
II CLASS I
A 1 CORN,SILAGE I 'y „MIN ; 0.5 1.16 6.1 ; 67
I
iCROP TO BE GROWN
ICOR:.,SILAGE
A
4-
t
P,
2.0
I I
SUGGESTED TREATMENT inn cIRST CROP IOR YEARI•.
LAM. ( h r. tu; n \!. ,.. b• Mn SE:
C.ST180-220 'C20-040 090-110 0 0 0 0 3
F IE'LE %:=;, <M.+T ION
CRI.,SILAGE
MIN
U 8
1.11
5.3
70
1.6fJ
-
— :.-.. ::. cone.• V •,�
—•�v—_
..
r_ z;.,SILAGE C.4T180-220
C30-050
120-140
0 0
0
0
3
-A: CUkNvSILAGE
--
MIN
0.7
0.95
7.1
77
1.6 'I
`
S ILACE C.CTIeO-220
I
C30-050
050- 070
0 0
0
0
3
A CURN,:,ILAGE
MIN
0.9
1.01
6.6
57
2.8 ,
nJ ESTCD THE,,
TMC NT '. I•'
t' CROP TO BE GflOWH LM'y
• -
"!- ,-
I
M
4LL'C\N,SILAGE 1.5T:180-220
0-20
010-030
0 0
0
0
3
L
i
:
FIELD INFORMATION
1
S<'^'Lr ITRE ViOVSCROP avat lC'VVi
.^.,
- r ._
w-
CFC
-
CL AS,
i
-A5 CORN,SILAGE M t•_
MIN
10.6 1.14
5.1 ; 69 1.6 1
SUGGESTED TREATMENT i. +t
ell?FT CROP 'OR YEAC,••
CR(.a rO BE GROWN LIME
['
C- SILAGE I G.5T180-220 FOO-020
I
1
100-I120 1
I
0 0 0
0
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TEST RESULTS IN.C. tests w01 not compare directly eo r.vmop•s c�)t+�n� hr
other m r o:�s-I
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55-� Sc
,
READ SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL AND BACK I

OIs03.069129$
---
eH M� l.. NON H H
I NH Y
I 1104+),1085)I. I I '
5.6 056 48 50.7 12.7 166+ , 065 .j ._60.
SUGGESTCO THE ATAtENT FOP. SECOND CROn IOR YEARI•-
--.°'O BE rioJWr. _rNf N
T - ' 8 I M.. I NOTE
'
5. 8, 1053
34
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49.5 16.8 166+ 04,6
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70
1096+) (070)
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82
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I
I
I I I
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NUTN I NX,H H.
:5-:7 70 42 49.1 15.3 166+ 060-4 - 74 } I I
GGF_T_ O Ti:_:1 T%l F.%T FOR SECOND CRO? :OR YE.�R•- :
UBf 6Npn� nr [,U SEE
ROTE
I r I I I i
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- ' nm.e. >'-.n. '!iICO �_ r K:>• .rm•A-' -i 't Vi}::
c Test level is quest tunable. See supplamental material.
F REPORT FOR FURTHER DETAIL
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SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION. N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
`
RF-PGRT NO-01 16S SLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH, N-C
PHONE: [phone]
COPIES SENT
TO-
OS/02/83 X COUNTY
EXTENSION
CHAIRMAN
TO
LARRY
KING
RA
YpN .W. (BO) NESBITT
FARM LOCATION (COUNTY 1:
---FLD INFOF( S1 TION
q
-----TTY _
vY-it +pLV10VSCflOR YY -.Mf ': R1 lASl'RW �`'L .fMY
VV I ��--_{I CL�a9A�
—'---
.a•
.r_
yi.%
v
6N1l FES/OG/TIM M! MIN 0.5�i.01�
43.21
81
1 6`
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR YEARI•
n[iP TO BF GRObk L Mi 11
FES/GG//TIR M, C.O 100-200 0 0 0
C
C
12 FE)
_ —0
_-_.._________
F ELL' :-< 'STta'--_
- - -
Lr,.NvSILAGE MIN C.6
V 9:
3.--
77
1 2'.
'CAN,SILAGE G.oT180 220 C60-08C 090-110 0 0
C
10
I
3 (�
6N3 CORN131LAGE MIN C.6
1.20
o.4
94
J.4j
LORN,SILAGE 0.0 180-229 0 0 0 0
0
U
3 CG
F:-. LO -4 oEp
____ GW4, CGRN,SIL.AGE MIN. C.5
1.19
6.8;100
0.0
-�_—
SUGGESTED TRE4 T11ENT -0.� = RS ''t_ -� r -2----
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CORN,SILAGE O.Oi180-220' 0 U-20 y 00
0
1
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'
FIELD INFORMATION
_
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iwwLk NM%
yp AWUEULIME L4$'Cflo' ,.� Ct A-S
W:V
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R5♦
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BNS CGRN,SILAGE j MIN 0.6,1.04
3.4'
77
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SUGGESTED THE ,TNIFNT Or, FIRST C HO:
rr wvO Ri 'r bNti trMF l .) :.
Lr.
4
�•
CORN,SILAGE 0.0 160-220 0 080-100 0 0
0
0
3'CO
- --� FIELD INFORMATION
_L' RE .UaS CRUD '-
a r O . 'MI
♦
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_,dNE CORN,SILAGE : MM 0.5
1.00
5 8:
T9
1.7
Su GG ES 7 .) ; -t T r ni t'R^T - Gp
1

03104112* $
LEIGH
'EST RESULTS
091+i(088
6.1 166+ 122,.49.8 123.3, 166+1 080 66
SUCGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR)"
�—m ­7 P, 0-5
3E GR2*N r
c.
see
S/CG/TIM M 0.0;100-2001 0 0
0! (1
0
Tv S T R SUL 7 5
lI09+)(0511
1.4 036
48 51.3 21.3 166+ 051 116
f p T ,t E,.4 I'D CROP E
y
Rlv,SILAGE
0.0 180-220-060-080 090-110
0 0 0
0: 3
(083+)(171)
6.4 106+
148 57.5 124.8 166+ 171, 92
3L--GE_7ED TREA7MEI.l Z:i 'EC)ND LOp
-4 YEAR!"
RN,SILAGE
0.0 180-220; 0 0
ot 0 1 0
0, 3
TEST RE: -TS
1064+)(1451
7.1 097
120 62. 1 !29.0 .166+ 145 72,
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP'OR YEAR) —
(TO
Cu Zna
Mn
SEE
.0-
-
RN9SILAGE 1
0.01180-2201 0 0-20 I
ol
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3
TEST RESULTS
I I
K-1
6.11087
54143.9 :25.1 !166+
SUGGESTED T, L 7MENT FOR SECOND CROP
iOR YEAR)
RN* 5 lt.AGE
0.0 180-220 0 080-100 1
0� 0 0
j 0 3
TEST A ESU L TS
14
5.9 128
81096+1(0671
114'44o8 24. 166+ z 067 98
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T1 HU41
0.7i0..95i
5.9 i
66
2 0'
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FIRSI CROP 'OR
YEAR:'-
,.I T -C Z,
FESIGG/TIX Mi 0.9T100-2001 0
0
01 o o
Oi
12.+ES/
------
FIELD INFORMATION
7r--
4
."L �ED LV.E
CIC
NO
W y T. A
4
< 2,j
JC2' FESIOG/11M M;
MINi
0.6iO.94i
4.4,
37
2.81
SUGGESTED TREATMENT J`��
CROP 'OR
YEAIR/'
AEE I
NOTE
FESIOG/71M M! 1.81100-200; 0
020-0401
S 0 0
0'
12TES/
FIELD INFORMATION
JC3 CORNtSILAGE
MIN
0.5i1.20.
5.3.
77
1.2
E-ORNtSILACE C.0180-220; CO..C—C20
0607(8C
C
_0
3 � N'
JC4i CORNiSILAGE
.4 IN
1._�4
—0.6
-4.-2. -7-1
--1.2
CCRN#SILAGE.: 0. 511 SO— 220, 0
100-120
G C
0
0
3 C
t L D JR11,1 A. 1 CAN
JC5 FESIOGITIM M
MIN
0."
0.96
7.7 90
0.8
FES/GG/TIM M C.O: IW­200 C40-060_0
- 0— _c� c- - 0_ 12-FE51
FIELD INFORMATION
T .AFV,WsCACP I j -1,N. I __F:
JC61 CCRN,SILAGE i MINI 0.6;1.13 4.9fi 59 2.0
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP ;OR VE ARi­
i R N, S I L A 42E
,01 STD
1.0180-2201C00-0201030-050! 01 0 0
FIELD INFORMATION
JC7 CORNsSILAGE MIN 0.7 1.15 4.
SUGGEST-0 Rj _'NIC11T
URN9SILAGE )_1.3T_18U-22_0_ _0___ 070-09_0c c _0
TEST RESULTS IN.C. tests will riot co spare dir,cuv ,o s obc
MIN JS,>ti iax __vC
F o
SEE cpD.
NV ie
01 3 CORN�
53 2.0
0 3 CCRN

TEST RESULTS' _ _ -
PH
41021i(080)
545 1109 96 140.8 A7.0 158 080 48 . I
-- SUGGESTED TREATMENT FCR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR)•-
'10BEdflOKN .. 9 ~ `iOSEE
EE
06/TIM M, 0.0 100-2 0 0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 12
TEST RESULTS
M "
_
w %t a t^r Fc.1 -n. Grl
0120+1(031i
F, SC-, YOvN NH♦N na
5.01092
56.22.5 ` 8.1 1166+; 031 i 62 j
_
D TREAVIENT FOR SECOND CROP
,OR YEAR)—
^ b: �POWN
l,Mi- — r P105 NZ0
MC I Cu Z. P Vn ':l'_ I
CG/TIM MI
0.0I100-2000 020-040'
S,' 0 0 :` 0 12 .
.-EST RESULTS'
PX C.i
.-Na +. M•1 In _.
- avY"-N nNN va
(096+1,(0451
5.9I074
62 49.0 22.6:166+ 045 116�
SILAGE
�j.0 1.0-2?C JOC—C_O 060-080'
0 0 C 0 3
(104+1(0441
5.6'116
42 45.8 20.2 166+ 044 152
--
Eb"rD -=ATMENr : - NC CROP
!OR Y_:R' .
------------- -----
9SILAGE
0.0 160-220 0 100-120
0 0 0 0 3
LL
1 `: iJ. ` n:4N ....
IC80+)(0681
5.7:037
114 52.3 29.3 166+ 068 108
:G/TIM w
0.0 100-2DC 040-060 0
0 0 0 0 12
_T
TEST RESULTS •
__
1133+j(041)
1.5 ! 072
84 ! 38.9 i 11. 5 4664 ; 041 ; 62 :
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP
OR YcgR,'
_
I, I D 2 I Mn I :F.E
)SILAGE
0.0 160-220:000-020 030-0501
Oj 0 0 0 3
-----------------
-------- -----------------
(125+1(047)
s
i.E 106
5d 32.9 13.2 166+ 047 44
_SILAGE
0.0 130-220 0 070-J90
0 0 0 0 3

I SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUFF.
BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER RALEIGH NC
REPORT NC .OZ369
PHONE. i9M 7332665
COPIES SENT TO
0$/02/83 X COUNTY EXTEN.;iON CHAIRMAN
. TO ¢"A'
off`' LARRY KING
J.0 NESBITT
FARM LOCATION I COUNTY 1:
RALEII
FIELD INFORMATION
i4WLE IPPFYr'JVS COOP vn-. .. •'ME
--�—'Ou
�u ��-.�.--��3S.b
.. o-�
JC81 CORN•SILAGE j
yMIN
0.3.1.12,
9.81
92
0.8 —6'
SUGGESTED'ROP
''_p "FAR
iO
CGRN*SILAGE r C.O1180-220'.
0
il
Cr 0
0
0
3'CORk
JC9 FES/uG/TIM M
AiN
C.l
L.82
7.1
72
2.0 5
FES/uG/TIK M: G.ST1C0 200
C70-09C
0-20
C 0
0
0
12 FES/C'
--
—
=' —EL O ;`.: Uc
J10'' FES/OG/TIM M'
MIN
c.7
0.87
8.0
75
2.0 51
i
I
FES/OG/TIM M C.7T1O0-200
C50—UG
010-030
J
0
0
12 FES/Gi
4
-:_u.i aiC:....i -a7P der '- ....
._ _
.'.
.: •
:-_
3S-
..
J111 CORNvSILAGE
MIN
1.0
0.85
7.6
79
1.6 5i
SUGGESTED TREATMENT :^,R i- iST CROP JR '• E-e "
ZAOf TO BE OkO k r LWF Y .J5
I
CORN,SILAGE 1.0T190-220 i 0-20 0-20 Oi 0 1 0
0 3 CORN P I
SAMPLE IPREVIWSCROP >W LIED LIMf P=q! . sl CROP
XIIL 'w% I WN
ttALf I
C6C .6%
I
p
Ma -a i.a
J121 CORNsSILAGE
MIN 0.6 j.04
8.6 86
1.2 5
— SUGGESTED TR_ TMFNT F R
L RST CROP ,vF '!E•. ''-'
'
--GP TO of C.RMYM trM(
,
�
1
CORNtSILAGE 0.07180-220 0
U. 0 0 0
0
3'CCRNrl
FIELD INFORMATION
J131 FES/OG/.TIM M' _
MIN'' 0.6,0.91
1_— —
7.1; 80
1.6 E
CROP TO BE GROWN L.Mf V
�,O A+.• ',r
{` '
1

GM
0085+�(308X
.3 166+ 166'62.6 20.7i166+308' 941 1 SU GEST 0 TREATMENT F,—R SECOND CROP IOR YEAR)"
SILAGE 0.0'180-22C, 0 0 1 0' 0 0
1099) (032)
L6 026 82 47.8 18.3 156 032 52
/TLM i 0.0 109-:0C C70-OSO &-20 O 0 0
1101+)(0271 u
.7 035 do 51.6 19.1 166+ 027' 28
Mop i M". w
9 Mn SEE
YJT£
0� 3
a KN
v0
a12
- NOTh i NM,h _ V•
o/TIM M 0.0 100-200 050-070 010-030 0 0 0 0 12
1120+)(0741,
.0 084 116 45.0 26.2 166+ 074: 106 i
JGEST_D . REATMENT FOR SECOND CROP +OR VEARI"
iC r•: - aZO KO Mp 1 C. j z 1 a M. SEE
iNOTE
i1LAGE 0.0:180-220! 0-20 t 0-20 0 1 0 o f j o 3
TEST RESULTS
I
,• Ca \ 4p"Y Mml I; 2n I Gnl
SI
$1 NORM
NHyN w
:I
096+�(127�
,y1166+
142'55.0 22.71166+I 127. B4
S TIl cN r - ;)R SECOND CROP IORT YEAR;
_ -- T
1 .. ..... VOTE
iLAGE 0.0 160-22G - 0 0 0 0 0 I o 3
7
93+
.0 142 154 45.5 24.560166+)(0891 60-
n. ,•. � - r 3 I M I SEE
NOTE

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SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC DIVISION, N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
=E,.r REPORT NO.013" BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER, RALEIGH, N.C.
PHONE: [phone]
� COPIES SENT TO.
08/02/83 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO: LAFRY KING RC,
----NSA—>8�---
HENRY YOUNG
FA
FIELD INFORMATION E I 1
Sd LE I PREVIOUS CROP APPLIED LIME PERT LPSTCROP No, IC tIMA ri:V I CEC I MI � AL �
fYe. Yr_ TIA PIGS I K,O I I I
HY2i FES/CG/TIM MI MIN, 0.8IU.911 6.11 74 l.l`
' SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP IOR YEARI•'
CROP TO BE GPgYN !..ME H P205 I RIO M9 ..- -' 8 i Me SEE
NO
!FES/OG/TIM MI C.4j100-208 020-10401 020-040i Oi 0 i 0 0', 12`FE
i FIELD+.,FORMA nor: "� ----- -------..
iv HY3! FES/OG/TIM N -- - MIN C.7'0.68 5.8 66 2.G
j• -- G S - S r ) ; _ n ; a -- ----- --
I '
FES/UG/TIM Mj C.9T100-2G0: _0-20 0 G0 0 0 12 FES
FIELD INFORMATION-
`.
I
HY4' CORN,SILAGE
MINj 0.7
1.06
4.6' 655 1.Ej
_UI;GESTE= TREE..
. 1.7 �OR - 'T CROP OR YL .O
_
Gn DV TOSEGNOWN -ME N-T-
-
1
MOTE
GORN,SILAGE 1.171°0-2201
0
0
0_ 3 CQ
—0-20 _0 —0
FIELD INFORMATION
e -'Mo v
HY5I
CO3N,SIlAGE {
MINI 0.311.15j
4.51 73 ; 1.21"
___
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP 'OR YEARI••
CROI TO EE GRDWN
LIME
N PO R'O LN
] 5
0 I Mn
iEE
NOTE ;I
!
E
ICORN,SILAGE
0.7JI80-2201020-0401010-030I
01 0
1 6 I
0i
3'ICG
FIELD INFORMATION
c
,, LMAtf PNf VI0U3 CR00
I APPLIED LIME PERT. LASTCROP
SOIL Net%
CLASS
WN
DEC as%
U
9
Ma. Yr. T A P105 .,0
HY61 FES/OGLTIM M I
MINI 0.4I0.92
5.5i 78
1.2
j
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP FORyERR��'•
i
�PD/YQ Nflf .�RbVN
lr4F Alps v �O qy
I N I
In
_—_,
3
4E!
FES/OG/TIM. Mj
0 Oi100-200!C9G-110I080—I00 G 0
0
0
12 FEI
- --
FIELD INF ORMATION
--------
- -=i
ti
-- av(VIDUECRLH
I APPLIED LIME qi LASI _RCp 5 1^ I vM :.
♦ Y
C5C Ci
!'I.TSS I 1
T'A P3Os t
riY1 FES/OG/TIM M I 1 MIN, 0. 910.97
--
5.4'. 71
j 1.6
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP ;OR IEAQ1'-
_
�-
'i ec :;aaWN
LIME N PEGS NCO i MN
Ir• .
tl Mn
SEE

►IEIGH
TEST RESULTS'
pH l a a 1 G T. I µy_y
5.8i046 I— L166+1
: 40,N I -wmEN
9+�(047j
)l 5646.2'22.8 I
W
047 ! 58 j
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP !OR YE.ARI•
a.�P GRDNN-`ME V P C K_D--- \y r-, Ln d Mn iEE
- I i NOTE
:510G/TIM MI 0.01100-200:•020-040:020-0401 01 0 0 I 0i 12
-
I
(106+1(0551
5.5'061
140 30.8 22.9,166+ 055 40
T:,-p IMENi JD CROP :OP'r EAa---'--------.._.
iS/OG/TIM M
0.0 100-2G0 0-20 0 0 0 0
0;
12
--- —
—T RED'..:: , r--
1128+j(0391
4.7'097
W- —
134'39.410.4'166+ 039, 80' i
i
;JG,7ESTE0 TREATMENT FOii SECOND CROP iOR Y :_AR'a •
1-. q
Mn
iEE
RN,ALAGE_
0.0-180-220I 0 0-20 ! 00 I 0 I
0'
3
EST RESULT,
3H NNEN
I
(117+1(023A
5.11061 100144.4 17.8,166+, 023; 40 ( j
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR)••
:7cS T: 6ggYV ',MF N PACE (JJ M1q Cu 2c j e Mn SEE
NOTE
RN,SILAGE j 0.0�180-2201020-040 010-e3® 0 0 6 I 0 3
TEST RESULTS •
o»
P-i R., j U.% W a W, z..l c..l � LI $.1 Np3N
NNEN W
{091+jtosSN
1 6.1
016 26 j54.4 121.4 1 66+ 1 085 ; 96 j I
j
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP iOR YEAR)' •
- � maTE
S/CUI+TIM M' 0.0 _100-2C0 090-110 080-100 0 C 0 0 12
ULTS-
,I �— - a 'ak` ! M'�` 1 � G• : -. � 4G.' NNfN Ya,
(,102) •(031$
5.6 G44 ( ,8.46.0 21.0 ;163 031 36
_ :;U:;G ESTED TR EATa1ENT FOR SECOND CROP :OR YEAR)"
'ROV fO' GgpYN t•Mc i N I PIDS •_'� ! W I l:+ I Ln fl i Mn
I I

SOIL TEST REPORT
AGRONOMIC Df VISION. N.0 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
REPORT N0.01369 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER RALEIGH, N C
PHONE: [phone]
COPIES SENT TO'
OS/02 /83 X COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO: .'4t;1
LARRY KING RAI
HENRY YOUNG
FARM LOCATION I COUNTY i.
3aJN4QMi3E _ -----
iELD INFOR'tMATi ON
iJtERLE qRF V'- ----- h:IL Mm.� wv CEC
Y .i LdAE CLw
j hO I „—",:: . os C CnURio -4
Y. i
NY71 FES/06R7IM M' 111 MIN! 1.0 C.93j 8.1' 85 1.2
SUGGEST-O Ed IT FOR F!RST CROP -,R YEAR)-•
q1 �10 BE GROWN .:ArEst
,.dt
b0',
FES/OG/TIM M! 0.0II00-200iC7+5-''090 090-110, 0; 0 0 0; 12,FE
F'Ei
HYB; FES/CG/TIM ' MIN_ 0.4 C S3
_5.1_
69
1._6_
FES/CG/TIK M• C.4TICO-200 0 030-050 0_ CJ 0
0
12 FE.
HY9; (;CRA,SILAGE MIN 0 511.08
4.91
67
1.6
T R 0t': 0 R Yy Fl,..-
-
CROo TO BE GMOMN :.:NE-
y
->
CORN,SILAEE 1.OT180-220 0 0 0_0_0
0
3 COt'
_
k
YlOj CORN,SILAGE M MIN 1.010.96'
6.4�
81
1.2
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR FIRST CROP OR Y EARI'
r2O5 •`J ,
.:RCP TO BE GB:IWN L'EFf r J!
Yv. SEE i
NOTE
CORN,5ILAGE C.6t180-220!080-1001040-06Ci Oj 0 I 0 1
OI
31lCC
FIELD INFORMATION
:w..LE
>R Evt0UB CRp I PYP:IED :IMF FERi .iSi [-'.JI �
gpq
<LAffi
MWY Wlt' v`-<
0&Y >r
N`v
r—
: Me
SUGGESTED TPE TMENT -CROP tOR YEAR)—
in eE OPbnN - YE—T ,J M4 Ce -
I
TEST RESULTS IN.C. teas wdi'rot %nmPare by other
a,... V �: - I w5: ,a•
ha
2 r.1 - Z. J,....rr.
'.M t ,c N.t,e �wcse• by V who s x
i• N ypt lilt imE i.[m' ... !ft'. m.. r,. SI - SV. 6 � •.uJax
::EC-CPrw'-cun. C.P. m.ep'I;,c c>. ;,.:a•-alc SSIaSa
READ SUPPLEINIENTAL MATERIAL A'=O BACKi

_EIGH
b. 3`� 026
4085+1(0541
22162.4
21.8, j 166+ : 054 I
_J
_821� —_
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP IOR YEARI'"
1205 i K20 My I Oda. 2.,,
1
S/QG/TIM MI
0.0�100-200I070-090;090-110I of o o
1"EST RESU LTS •
(099+1(0801
5.8'070
50 43.2 20.4:166+080 60,
_
5/0G/TIM M'
0.0 100-200, 0 030-050 0 0 0
NO3u I YNaN' I N.
P M. sEt
I 0 x12
0 12
pN Pr
[I u♦ M9': 41n: Zn.. _�i _. '
(122+)(065�
4 _9 1166+
190 '35.1 I12.4 .166+ . 065 1 66 j
;UGGESTFD TREAPdc.VT FCR :;ECOND CRGP iOR YEAR ^_
------u
—��—
fROP*ra-;ROWN
- r_O --µi _., n.
a
MiSIIAGE
0.0 180-220 0 0 0' 0 0
0, 3
TEST RESULTS • _—_
P.•
—_—__.___�_
2.1 N9R '. Mr 'i .y.l .i �.r 1 Ji
MHh
5.3 _:024
78 54.6 2Q. 6 : 166+ 1 028 ; 90
_
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR SECOND CROP !OR YEAR,
:POP TO ri' 3pO -.
yrE N
P205 S20
M'-
ZP*SI AGE L
I
o.0i18o-220108(}-100i040-060, 01 C I 0
NO-E
0 3
_
TEST RESULTS <
PN P:
I
K1 I 44 MP.% Mmr I Zal G�1 ¢I 591
NO2N NNKN Na
_ __ _
SC;TED Tq EATM ENT FOR ;-COND CROP :OR YEAR:—
aOPTl. ■OK
LOAF q __-_ ._�_
I
I
REATMENT. C- a unless specified
,st Level is Que4b-: d'::'a Sea supplwn.n41 mate u.
OF ! POR' FOR FURTHER DETAIL

SITE 5:

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v
APPROX. SCALE I"= 2000 SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROB
A—1 IttlT w 1!1- T11t. 1916 AnVANCF Copy . SUBJCCT TO CHA85

i(
"v

OUIL
ItJI mrrumI
AGRONOMIC DIVISION.
N.C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
L F 6R I to C'.05413 BLUE RIDGE ROAD CENTER. RALEIGH, N.0
PHONE: [phone]
COPIES SENT TO-
"/ 2�)/!S 3
R COUNTY EXTENSION CHAIRMAN
TO, U ARrIp JAMIE
I �ACKCRY hLT GA>' FAK(4
CK LAMtiY KING
RALE
f 1-AIRVIEw IiC 2873C—
ED 8IDOIX
ASHE
'FARM LOCATION 1 COUNTY 1:
cUNCukeE
FIELD INFORMATION
_
S?MYLE
"EV;OVS CPO' .ME rERT
la3i,;grf SO4 iM-% W:V CEC
s&% -.
No
Gq>pUFC
Tip_(
p205 ^2t
t
CtKTvt�1LAGE
MIN 0.5 11.17 7.5
84 1.2 I
SUGGESTED TREATMENT =OR =!QST CROP iOR YEARi"
CROP'C 3E GROWN DIME T h a201
1 Mq r [u 2, d
y—
Mn zFE _
I
,.1
NC'.
r. LACE 0.0 :180-22C C
030-JSC C C C
C 3 Cr.,<,1
FIELD r.,p•�;R'.1..'tO^.
-- ,--_—________— ._�_—____
( L ,1.9 A
aI C.4 i.-0 7.7
,.
I-- — — --
— --
L/ _r • {
G
--
$ L.:=R Li " •1 mIN 0.5'1.02 7.4 78 ..6 1
-- -- —
ac:n L/..n 1 I.3 j U C2L—Cv6 L.ov-i:b+. G L� � _� f_L'_Jt
.-LD INFOR5IAT�0N
LLLYEK L/Gi ,� NIh 0.5:i.Ot h.6 63 2.4
SUGGESTED —REATMENT FOR FIRST CROP GR _SRI—
I
L/\r< C 0 0-20 1 C C C 0 12 CLLVE
10ic �ry[V,VUS IwVv IrPPPLIfp LIMf I FEPt LYST CMOV I SOIL I HM'i II,N CSC
e$'
1 Mo. rr T:a ~_CLA55 'O. %0
1
SUGGESTED TREATMENT FOR P'RST CROP iOri TEAR
TEST RESULTS (N.C. tests will not compare directly tp numbers obtain:! br --'f,=
Mlti •YLnera: -$` 9110>a:..-1.2..
M.O j_. ... J, c. I l I_. - .. ..
ORG
Rye' f: HUm;r, ^Aat1eL Pelcent by "!. P.I
Aeigbt u>r:dome.. e; rn !s... _... -
CEC Caooc Epcn Cap.rnN1100 cm'
READ SUPPLEMENTAL tv;.ATERIAL AND BACK O:

03,12
uN
ILLS
TEST RESULTS' -
N i r'
KI I Uw Cul
S�
5.5.1
No KN
NN�N
Ha
.2 11159
I`( pS+)i(1215)I
J
0-2 '55.4 12C.2 I166+ ; 115 60
I
_
SUGGESTED TREATMENT POR SECOND CROP (OR YEAR) —
;BE
F,05 KZO N. Cu Z.
a
Mn SEE
I
.Ti
i1LAGE
0 ;IbO-220 i 0 030-05C I 0 I C 0
I
0
-----
-_
((i7oT) ( G76)
,7 1j.:
I
i_4 54.9 e7.e 1tc:+ '8 44
F
ti _, )a'OR YEAR
----
1 _
.:
10,
rr ..
v..�N..
104 +1(O15);
0 C o
.,2 51.6 22.5 16 :+ u;9 46
i
R. c3Li TS'
([0b+)!(116).
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3EPORT FOR.=URTHER DETAIL

SOIL DESCRIPTIONS
Buncombe County, North Carolina
Biltmore Sandy Loam P
This well drained, nearly level soil is on flood plains. Areas consist
of long narrow strips adjacent to streams and are 4 to 15 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is dark grayish brown sandy loam 9 inches
-thick. The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is brown loamy
sand.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of Comus and Rosman
soils.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is medium. Permeability
is rapid, and available water capacity is low. Reaction is strongly acid
to slightly acid throughout the profile unless the soil is limed. Depth
to bedrock is more than 60 inches. The seasonal high water table is at
a depth of 3 to 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap--O to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak
fine granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; common
fine flakes of mica; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 12 in-
ches thick).
C1--10 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand; single grained;
loose; few fine roots; common fine flakes of mica; few thin strata
of sandy loam; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (12 to 48 inches thick)
C2--50 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy sand; single
grained; loose; 2 percent pebbles; common fine flakes of mica; neutral.

Braddock Loam
This deep, well drained soil is on broad smooth high stream terraces, moun-
tain foot slopes and benches. The areas are somewhat elongated and are 6
to 25 acres in size. Slopes range from 8 to 15%.
Typically, the surface layer is dark reddish brown loam about 7 inches
thick. The upper part of the subsoil is dark reddish brown clay loam; most
of the subsoil is dark red clay that extends to a depth of 40 inches. Be-
low this is dark red and red silty clay loam with a high content of stones.
At a depth of about 64 inches is a buried horizon of red clay that was
covered by the alluvial and colluvial material above.
This soil is medium in natural fertility and organic matter content. It is
,medium to strongly acid except where the surface has been limed. Permeabili-
ty is moderate and available water capacity is high. Depth to hard bedrock
is more than 60 inches. Depth to the apparent high water table is 48 to 72
inches.
( A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap--O to 9 inches reddish brown (5YP, 4/4) loam; moderate fine granular struc-
ture; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Blt--9 to 13 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay loam; weak fine and
very fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly
plastic; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; 2 per-
cent fine weathered granitic and greenstone rock fragments; strongly acid
clear smooth boundary.
B21t--13 to 39 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; moderate fine and medium subangu-
lar blocky structure; firm, sticky, slightly plastic; thin patchy clay
films on faces of peds; 10 percent weathered greenstone and granitic rock
fragments; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B22t--39 to 49 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangu-
lar blocky structure; firm, sticky, slightly plastic; thin continuous
clay films on faces of peds; 25 percent weathered granitic rock fragments
strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
- 2 -

IIC--49 to 85 inches; mottled yellowish red, strong brown, white, red and
black granitic sparolite that crushes easily to loam; massive rock
structure; friable; many flakes of mica; strongly acid.
Brevard Loam
This well drained soil is on smooth footslopes and benches. The mapped
areas are somewhat elongated and are 10 to 100 acres in size. Slopes range
from 15 to 30%.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam, 3 inches thick. The sub-
surface layer is dark yellowish brown loam, 5 inches thick. The subsoil is
60 inches thick. It is yellowish red clay loam. The underlying layer, to
a depth of 80 inches, is strong brown weathered mica gneiss that crushes to
fine sandy loam.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is medium. The permeability
is moderate and the available water capacity is high. This soil is strongly
acid or medium acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to bedrock is commonly
more than 60 inches. Depth to the seasonal high water table is more than 6
feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Al-0 to 4 inches, dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; weak fine and medium granular
structure; very friable; many fine and few medium roots; few fine flakes
of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2-4 to 7 inches, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak fine and medium
granular structure; very friable; common fine and few medium roots; few
fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B1-7 to 12 inches, yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; moderate medium suban-
gular blocky structure; friable common fine roots; common fine flakes of
mica; strongly acid gradual smooth boundary.
B21t-12 to 45 inches, yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; moderate medium sub -
angular blocky structure; friable; sticky; few fine roots; thin discon-
tinuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; strongly
acid; gradual smooth boundary.
-3

B22t- 45 to 58 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; thin continuous clay films on
faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; medium acid; gradual smooth
boundary.
B3-58 to 70 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) gravelly sandy clay loam; weak medium sub -
angular blocky structure; friable 60 percent angular quartz gravel; com-
mon fine flakes of mica; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
IIC-70 to 90 inches, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) weathered mica gneiss that crushes
to fine sandy loam; very friable; medium acid.
Dillard Loam
This moderately well to somewhat poorly drained soil is on low stream terraces.
The mapped areas are somewhat irregularly shaped and are from 4 to 25 acres in
size. Slopes range from 0 to 2%.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam, 12 inches thick. The subsoil
is 36 inches thick and is yellowish brown clay loam and mottled brown clay
loam in the upper part and mottled ligh brownish gray loam in the lower part.
The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is mottled gray clay loam and
clay.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. The perme-
ability is moderately slow and the available water capacity is medium. This
soil is slightly acid to very strongly acid throughout, unless limed. Depth
to the seasonal high water table is at a depth of about 30 inches 2 to 3
months of most years. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap--O to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) sandy loam; moderate fine
granular structrue; very friable; many fine and medium roots; few fine
flakes of mica; medium acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick).
-4-

B21t--8 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; thin brown
(10YR 5/3) coatings in root channels; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; thin patchy clay films
on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary. (8 to 21 inches thick)
B22t--20 to 27 inches; brownish yellow (IDYR 6/6) sandy clay loam; common me-
dium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; thin patchy clay films on faces of peels; few fine
and medium roots; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
B23t--27 to 31 inches; olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) clay loam; many coarse distinct
gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; fri-
able; few fine roots; thick patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine
flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches
thick)
IIB24tg--31 to 37 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) clay; many coarse prominent red-
dish yellow (5YR 6/8) and common medium distinct olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6)
mottles; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; firm; thick patchy clay
films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear
wavy boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
IIB3g--37 to 55 inches; light gray (IOYR 7/1) clay loam; common medium distinct
light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and common fine prominent strong brown
(7.5YR 5/8) mottles; weak medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine
flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 18 inches
thick)
IIC1--55 to 62 inches; light gray (5Y 7/1) clay; common medium prominent brownish
yellow (IOYR 6/6) mottles; massive; very firm; few fine flakes of mica;
very strongly acid. (5 to 20 inches thick)
Fannin Loam
This well drained soil is on ridges and mountainside slopes below 3000 feet
elevation. The areas are irregularly shaped and are 6 to 30 acres in size.
Slopes range from 8 to 15%.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam, 7 inches thick. The subsoil
is yellowish red sandy clay loam and silt loam 30 inches thick. The under-
M.IE

lying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is yellowish red to strong brown schist
saprolite that crushes to loam. It contains large amounts of mica.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is medium. The permeability
is moderate and the available water capacity is medium. This soil is very
strongly acid or strongly acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to the seasonal
high water table is more than 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
A1-0 to 6 inches, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) silt loam; weak fine and medium granu-
lar structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; about 10 percent
small platy fragments; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
B2t-6 to 27 inches, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; thin continuous clay
films on faces of peds; about 10 percent small platy fragments; many fine
flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B3-27 to 36 inches, yellowish red (5YR 4/8) silt loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; very friable; about 50 percent soft platy fragments;
many fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
C-36 to 60 inches, yellowish red (5YR 4/8) to strong brown (7..5YR 5/6) schist
saprolite that crushes to loam.
Fletcher Silt Loam
This well drained soil is on ridges and mountainside slopes below 3000 feet
elevation in the Brevard schist. The areas are irregularly shaped and are
6 to 30 acres in size. Slope classes include: 8 to 15% and 15 to 30%.
Typically, the surface layer is brown silt loam, 8 inches thick. The subsoil
is yellowish red and red silty -'clay loam and silt loam, 30 inches thick. The
underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is red schist saprolite, from the
Brevard schist, that crushes to loam. It contains many fine mica flakes.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is medium. The permeability
is moderately slow and the available water capacity is medium. This soil is

very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to the
seasonal high water table is more than 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 7 inches, brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam; weak, medium, granular struc-
ture friable; many small and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt, smooth
boundary.
B21t-7 to 11 inches, yellowish -red (5YR 4/8) silty clay loam; weak, fine and
medium, subangular blocky structure; friable; common small roots; thin,
discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual, smooth
boundary.
B22t-11to 22 inches, red (2.5YR 4/8) silty clay loam; moderate, medium, suban-
gular blocky structure; friable; common small roots; thin, discontinuous
clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual, smooth boundary.
B23t-22 to 38 inches, red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; weak, coarse, subangular blocky
structure; friable; few small roots; thin, discontinuous clay films in pores;
strongly acid; gradual, smooth boundary.
C-38 to 72 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) crushed silt loam (weathered schist); plate-
like structure; friable; strongly acid.
French Loam
This deep moderately well to somewhat poorly drained moderately permeable soil
is on narrow nearly level flood plains. The mapped areas are usually long and
narrow, from 6 to 25 acres in size. Slopes range from 0 to 2%.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam about 12 inches thick. The
subsoil is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam and loam with many faint grayish
brown mottles, 26 inches thick. The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches,
is grayish brown sand and gravel.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. The permea-
bility is moderate in the subsoil and rapid in the underlying sand and gravel.
Available water capacity is medium to high. This soil is medium to slightly
acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to the seasonal high water table fluctu-
ates from 12 to 30 inches below the surface between December and May. Depth
- 7 -

XI
to bedrock is more than 60 inches.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap--O to 12 inches; dark brown (IOYR 4/3) loam; weak medium granular structure;
friable, common fine roots; few fine flakes of mica; few fine pebbles,
slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)
B1--12 to 20 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; few me-
dium faint dark grayish brown (IOYR 4/2) and dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4)
mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots
common fine and medium pores; common fine flakes of mica; medium acid;
clear smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
B2--20 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (IOYR 4/4) sandy loam; many coarse
distinct grayish brown (IOYR 5/2) mottles and few fine distinct dark red-
dish brown mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few
fine roots; few fine pores; common fine flakes of mica; medium acid; clear
smooth boundary. (8 to 17 inches thick)
IIC1--30 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand, common medium
distinct dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) mottles; single grained; very fri-
able; common fine flakes of mica; slightly acid; abrupt broken boundary.
IIC2g--34 to 60 inches; grayish brown (IOYR 5/2) stratified sand and gravel;
single grained; loose; few cobbles; few flakes of mica; medium acid.
Hayesville Loam
This well drained soil is on ridges and intermountain side slopes below 2500
feet elevation. The mapped areas are irregularly shaped and are from 6 to 50
acres in size. Slope classes include: 2 to 8, 8-15 and 15-30 percent slopes.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam, 7 inches thick. The subsoil
is 36 inches thick. The upper part is yellowish red sandy clay loam, the middle
part is red clay loam, and the lower part is red sandy clay loam and sandy loam.
The underlying layer, to a depth of 90 inches, is red and varicolored saprolite
that crushes to loam.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is medium. The permeability
is moderate and the available water capacity is medium to high. This soil is
W-M

very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to bed-
rock is more than 60 inches. Depth to the seasonal high water table is more
than 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
A1-0 to 4 inches, dark brown (lOYR 3/3) loam; moderate fine granular structure;
very friable; high in organic matter content; numerous medium and fine
roots; few fine flakes of mica;^strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2-4 to 8 inches, brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky struc-
ture; very friable; common medium and fine roots; many medium and fine
pores; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B1-8 to 16 inches, yellowish red (5YR 6/6) clay loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few fine pores; few
thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; few
quartz gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21t-16 to 24 inches, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium sub -
angular blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few fine
pores; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds; few flakes of mica;
few quartz gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B22t-24 to 35 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few fine and medium
pores; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium and
fine flakes of mica; common quartz gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary.
B31-35 to 39 inches, red (10R 4/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium angular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky; few fine roots; few distinct
clay films on faces of peds; common to many flakes of mica; common bodies
of saprolite; strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
B32-39 to 44 inches, red (10R 4/6) sandy loam; weak medium angular blocky and
platy rock structure; very.friable; few fine roots; few thin patchy clay
films and dark coatings on vertical faces of peds; common flakes of mica;
common quartz gravel; strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
C1-44 to 72 inches, red (10R 4/6) saprolite that crushes to sandy loam; rock
controlled structure; very friable; few fine roots; small amounts of clay
in cracks; common bodies of dark minerals; common flakes of mica; strongly
acid; gradual irregular boundary.
- 9 -

C2-72 to 112 inches, gray (IOYR 5/1) and light gray (10YR 7/1) soft saprolite
that crushes to sandy loam; rock controlled structure; very friable; few
dark coatings on faces of structural units; few interbedded ledges of
mica schist; strongly acid.
Iotla Loam
This moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drained, nearly level soil is
in wider flood plains. It frequently is the whole flood plain. The mapped
areas are somewhat elongated and are from 4 to 40 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is brown loam, 8 inches thick. The subsoil is
dark yellowish brown loam and mottled grayish brown fine sandy clay loam, 33
inches thick. The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is dark gray
•loamy sand.
The organic matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. The permea-
bility is moderate and the available water capacity is medium. This soil is
strongly acid to slightly acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to the seasonal
high water table is 15 inches to 2 feet, 2 to 4 months of most years. Depth to
bedrock is more than 60 inches.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap--O to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam, moderate medium and coarse granular
i
structure; very friable; many medium and fine roots; common fine and medi-
um flakes of mica; medium acid; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches
thick)
C1--10 to 31 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; few fine distinct reddidsh yellow
F
(7.5YR 6/6) and dark grayish brown (IOYR 4/2) mottles; weak medium suban-
{ gular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium flakes of
mica; medium acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
C2--31 to 35 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand;
{ massive; loose; 2 percent pebbles; many fine and medium flakes of mica;
strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
C3--35 to 60 inches; brown D OYR 4/3) loam; many medium distinct reddish brown
l
(5YR 4/4) and dark grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) mottles; massive; very friable;
common fine and medium flakes of mica; medium acid.

Kinkora Loam
This poorly drained, nearly level soil is on low terraces along the larger
streams. Areas are irregularly shaped and are 4 to 20 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is dark gray loam 7 inches thick. The subsoil
is mottled gray clay loam or clay 26 inches thick. The underlying layer, to
a depth of 60 inches, is mottled gray clay.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permeability
is moderately slow, and available water capacity is high. Reaction is very
strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile unless the soil is limed.
The seasonal high water table is at 10 - 20" for 2 to 6 months each year.
Depth to bedrock is more than 72 inches.
A Tvoical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 7 inches, dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam; weak medium and coarse granular
structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine
roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21tg-7 to 16 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; few fine distinct yellowish
brown mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; sticky
and slightly plastic; common fine roots; continuous clay films on faces
of peds and in channels; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid;
gradual smooth boundary.
B22tg-16 to 33 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay; few fine distinct yellowish brown
mottles; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; sticky
and plastic; few fine roots; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds
and in channels; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual
smooth boundary.
Cg-33 to 60 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay; few fine distinct yellowish brown
mottles; massive; firm; sticky and plastic; common fine flakes of mica;
very strongly acid.
Rosman Loam
This well drained and moderately well drained nearly level soil is in slightly
elevated positions commonly adjacent to streams on wide flood plains. Areas

are somewhat elongated and are 4 to 20 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam 15 inches thick. The subsoil
is yellowish brown loam and fine sandy loam 33 inches thick. The underlying
layer, to a depth of 70 inches, is dark yellowish brown and dark grayish
brown sandy loam.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is medium. Permeability is
moderately rapid, and available water capacity is medium. Reaction is strongly
acid to slightly acid throughout the profile unless the soil is limed. The
seasonal high water table is below a depth of 4 feet. Depth to bedrock is more
than 60 inches.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 10 inches, dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; weak fine and medium granular
structure; very friable; slightly sticky; common fine flakes of mica;
slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
( Al2-10 to 15 inches, dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; weak fine and medium granular
structure; very friable; slightly sticky; common fine flakes of mica;
slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21-15 to 30 inches, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subanqular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine
flakes of mica; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B22- 30 to 48 inches, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine flakes of mica;
slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
C1-48 to 62 inches, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; massive; very
friable; many fine flakes of mica; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
C2-62 to 70 inches, dark grayish brown (IOYR 4/2) sandy loam; massive; very
friable; many fine flakes of mica; slightly acid.
Tate loam
This well drained soil is on alluvial fans, footslopes, and benches. The mapped
l areas are somewhat elongated and are 6 to 15 acres in size. Slopes range from
2 to 8 percent.
12 -

Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam, 9 inches thick. The sub=
soil is 36 inches thick. It is yellowish brown clay loam in the upper part
and yellowish brown sandy loam in the lower part. The underlying layer, to
a depth of 65 inches, is mottled brownish yellow fine sandy loam.
The organic matter content in the surface layer is low to medium. The permea-
bility is moderate and the available water capacity is high. This soil is
very strongly acid to medium acid throughout, unless limed. Depth to bedrock
is more than 60 inches. Depth to the seasonal high water table is more than
6 feet.
A Typical Profile Is:
Ap-0 to 9 inches, dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular
. structure; very friable; slightly sticky; many fine roots; strongly acid;
clear smooth boundary.
B211; -9 to 26 inches, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; weak medium suban-
gular blocky structure; friable; sticky and slightly plastic; few fine
roots; thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and in root channels;
few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B22t--26 to 36 inches, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) clay loam; moderate medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; sticky and slightly plastic; thin
discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very
strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B3-36 to 55 inches, pale brown (IOYR 6/3) sandy clay loam; common medium faint
light gray (IOYR 7/2) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure;
friable; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
C-55 to 65 inches, light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam; common medium distinct
yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles and pockets of clay loam; massive; fri-
able; common fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid.
- 13 -

SOIL DESCRIPTIONS
Henderson County, North Carolina
Bradson Gravellv Loam
This well drained soil is on broad, smooth, high stream terraces. Areas
are somewhat elongated and are 6 to 30 acres in size. Gravel covers 5
to 25 percent of the surface. Slopes range from 2 to 7 percent.
Typically, the surface layer is reddish brown gravelly loam 6 inches thick.
The subsoil is red clay and clay loam 59 inches thick. The underlying
layer, to a depth of 75 inches, is reddish yellow saprolite that crushes
to loam.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permea-
bility is moderate, and available water capacity is medium to high. Re-
action is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile unless
the soil is limed. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. The seasonal
high water table is at a depth of more than 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 6 inches, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly loam; weak coarse and
fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; few fine flakes of
mica; 20 percent smooth rounded quartz gravel; medium acid; abrupt
smooth boundary.
B21t-6 to 24 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; firm; sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; thin con-
tinuous clay films on faces of peds; about 10 percent smooth quartz
gravel; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B22t-24 to 40 inches, red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots;
l common fine flakes of mica; thin continuous clay films on faces of
peds; few smooth gravel; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

B3-40 to 65 inches, red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic;
thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; common soft frag-
ments of minerals; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
IIC-65 to 75 inches, reddish yellow (5YR 6/8) saprolite that crushes to
loam; rock controlled structure; friable; slightly sticky and plas-
tic; very strongly acid.
Cordorus Loam
This moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drained, nearly level soil
is in slightly depressional areas on wide flood plains and on narrow flood
plains. In many places this soil makes up an entire flood plain. Areas
are somewhat elongated and are 4 to 40 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is brown loam 12 inches thick. The subsoil
is dark brown loam and mottled grayish brown fine sandy clay loam 33 inches
thick. The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is dark gray loamy
sand.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permea-
bility is moderate, and available water capacity is medium. Reaction is
medium acid or slightly acid throughout the profile unless the soil is limed.
The seasonal high water table is at a depth of 1 to 2 feet for 2 to 6 months
in most years. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches.
A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 12 inches, brown (10YR 4/2) loam; weak fine and medium granular.
structure; friable; common fine flakes of mica; neutral; clear smooth
boundary.
B21-12 to 30 inches, dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky; common fine flakes of mica;
medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
B22-30 to 45 inches, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy clay loam; common
fine distinct yellowish brown mottles in root channels; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plas-
tic; common fine flakes of mica; medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
5

C-45 to 60 inches, dark gray (10YR 4/1) loamy sand with thin strata of sand
and gravel; medium acid.
Delanco Loam
This moderately well drained soil is on somewhat elevated stream terraces
and at the head of small drainageways. Areas are irregularly shaped and
are 4 to 30 acres in size. Slopes range from 2 to 7 percent.
le
Typically, the surface layer is brown loam 10 inches thick. The subsoil is
30 inches thick. It is yellowish brown clay loam and mottled brown clay
loam in the upper part and mottled light brownish gray sandy clay loam in the
lower part. The underlying layer, to a depth of 60 inches, is mottled gray
sandy clay loam.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permea-
bility is moderate, and available water capacity is medium. Reaction is
strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout the profile unless the soil
is limed. The seasonal high water table is at a depth of about 30 inches
for 2 to 3 months in most years. Depth to bedrock is more than 72 inches.
A Tvoical Soil Profile Is:
Ap-0 to 10 inches, brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak fine and medium granular
structure; friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21t-10 to 20 inches, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; thin discontinuous clay films on
faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B22t-20 to 30 inches, brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam; common medium faint gray-
ish brown (10YR 5/2) and yellowish brown (IOYR 5/6) mottles; weak me-
dium subangular blocky structure; firm; thin discontinuous clay films
on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B3g-30 to 40 inches, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay loam; common
coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; weak coarse angular
blocky structure; firm; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
C-40 to 60 inches, gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; common medium distinct
yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; massive; very firm; very strongly
acid.
;tea

Hayesville loam.
This well drained soil is on broad, smooth, rolling foot ridges at the
lower elevations. Areas are irregularly shaped and are 6 to 50 acres in
size. Slopes range from 7 to 15 percent.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown loam 4 inches thick. The sub-
surface layer is brown loam 4 inches thick. The subsoil is 36 inches thick.
The upper part is yellowish red clay loam, the middle part is yellowish red
and red clay loam, and the lower part is red sandy clay loam and sandy loam.
The underlying layer is 68 inches thick. The upper part is red saprolite
that crushes to sandy loam, and the lower part is gray and light gray soft
saprolite that crushes to sandy loam.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is medium. Permeability
is moderate, and available water capacity is medium to high. Reaction is
very stongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile unless the soil
is limed. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. The seasonal high water
table is at a depth of more than 6 feet.
A Typical Soil Profile:
A1-0 to 4 inches, dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; moderate fine granular struc-
ture; very friable; high in organic matter content; numerous medium
and fine roots; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth
boundary.
A2-4 to 8 inches, brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure; very friable; common medium and fine roots; many medium and
fine pores; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth bound-
ary.
B1-8 to 16 inches, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few fine pores;
few thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica;
few quartz gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21t-16 to 24 inches, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few
fine pores; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds; few flakes
of mica; few quartz gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

B22t-24 to 35 inches, red (2.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; few fine and me-
dium pores; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium
and fine flakes of mica; common quartz gravel; strongly acid; gradual
wavy boundary.
B31-35 to 39 inches, red (lOR 4/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium angular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky; few fine roots; few distinct
clay films on faces of peds; common to many flakes of mica; common
bodies of saprolite; strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
B32-39 to 44 inches, red (10R 4/6) sandy loam; weak medium angular blocky
and platy rock structure; very friable; few fine roots; few thin patchy
clay films and dark coatings on vertical faces of peds; common flakes
of mica; common quartz gravel; strongly acid; gradual irregular bound-
ary.
C1-44 to 72 inches, red (10R 4/6) saprolite that crushes to sandy loam; rock
controlled structure; very friable; few fine roots; small amounts of
clay in cracks; common bodies of dark minerals; common flakes of mica;
strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
C2-72 to 112 inches, gray (lOYR 5/1) and light gray (10YR 7/1) soft saprolite
that crushes to sandy loam; rock controlled structure; very friable;
few dark coatings on faces of structural units; few interbedded ledges
of mica schist; strongly acid.
Kinkora Loam
This poorly drained, nearly level soil is on low terraces along the larger
streams. Areas are irregularly shaped and are 4 to 20 acres in size.
Typically, the surface layer is dark gray loam 7 inches thick. The subsoil
is mottled gray clay loam or clay 26 inches thick. The underlying layer, to
a depth of 60 inches, is mottled gray clay.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permea-
bility is moderately slow, and available water capacity is high. Reaction
is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile unless the
soil is limed. The seasonal high water table is 10 to 20 inches for 2 to
6 months each year. Depth to bedrock is more than 72 inches.

A Typical Soil Profile:
Ap-0 to 7 inches, dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam; weak medium and coarse granu-
lar structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many
fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21tg-7 to 16 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; few fine distinct yellowish
brown mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; sticky
and slightly plastic; common fine roots; continuous clay films on faces
of peds and in channels; few�fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid;
gradual smooth boundary.
B22tg-16 to 33 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay; few fine distinct yellowish
brown mottles; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm;
sticky and plastic; few fine roots; thin continuous clay films on faces
of peds and in channels; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid;
gradual smooth boundary.
Cg-33 to 60 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) clay few fine distinct yellowish brown
mottles; massive; firm; sticky and plastic; common fine flakes of mica;
very strongly acid.
Tate Fine Sandy Loam
This well drained soil is on smooth foot slopes and in lower coves. Areas
are somewhat elongated and are 4 to 15 acres in size. Slopes range from
7 to 15 percent.
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown fine sandy loam 9 inches thick.
The subsoil is 46 inches thick. The upper part is yellowish brown and brown-
ish yellow clay loam, and the lower part is mottled pale brown sandy clay
loam. The underlying layer, to a depth of 65 inches, is mottled light gray
fine sandy loam.
The organic -matter content of the surface layer is low to medium. Permea-
bility is moderate, and available water capacity is high. Reaction is very
strongly acid to medium acid throughout the profile unless the soil is limed.
Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. The seasonal high water table is
at a depth of more than 6 feet.
t:

A Typical Soil Profile
Ap-0 to 9 inches, dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular
structure; very friable; slightly sticky; many fine roots; strongly
acid; clear smooth boundary.
B21t-9 to 26 inches, yellowish brown (lOYR 5/6) clay loam; weak medium sub -
angular blocky structure; friable; sticky and slightly plastic; few
fine roots; thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and in root
channels; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual smooth
boundary.
B22t-26 to 36 inches, brownish yellow (lOYR 6/6) clay loam; moderate medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; sticky and slightly plastic thin
discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica;
very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
B3-36 to 55 inches, pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam; common medium
faint light gray (10YR 7/2) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky
structure; friable; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear
smooth boundary.
C-55 to 65 inches, light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam; common medium
distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles and pockets of clay loam;
massive; friable; common fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid.

i
Toxaway Silt Loam
This very poorly drained and poorly drained, nearly level soil is in de-
pressed areas on the larger flood plains. Areas are irregularly shaped
and are from 6 to 30 acres in size. Slopes range from 7 to 15 percent.
Typically, the surface layer is 25 inches thick. The upper part is black
silt loam and the lower part is very dark gray silt loam. The underlying
layer, to a depth of 33 inches, is gray silty clay loam. Below this is
dark gray loam.
The organic matter content in the surface layer is high. The permeability
is moderate, the available water capacity is high, and the shrink -swell
potential is low. This soil is strongly acid or medium acid throughout,
unless limed. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Depth to the sea-
sonal high water table is at or near the surface. This soil is subject to
frequent flooding for very brief duration.
A Typical Soil Profile:
All - 0 to 26 inches, very dark gray (lOYR 3/1) to black (10YR 2/1) silt
loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots;
few fine flakes of mica; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Al2 - 26 to 36 inches, very dark gray (1OYR 3/1) loam; weak medium granular
structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine flakes of mica; medium
acid; clear smooth boundary.
Clg - 36 to 43 inches, very dark gray (lOYR 3/1) sandy loam; massive; very
friable; common fine flakes of mica; medium acid; clear smooth bound-
ary.
C2g - 43 to 53 inches, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; single grained; loose;
common fine flakes of mica; medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
C3g - 53 to 65 inches, gray (N 6/ ) sandy clay loam that has lenses of sandy
loam; massive; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common
fine flakes of mica; medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
C4g - 65 to 72 inches, gray (N 6/0) loamy sand; single grained; loose; common
fine flakes of mica; medium acid.