20091236 Ver 2_Year 7 Monitoring Report_20220714

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ID#* 20091236
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Erin Davis
Initial Review Completed Date 07/14/2022
Mitigation Project Submittal - 7/14/2022
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Is this a Prospectus, Technical Proposal or a New Site? * 0 Yes O No
Type of Mitigation Project:*
Stream Wetlands Buffer Nutrient Offset
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Contact Name: *
Corey Novak
Project Information
ID#:*
20091236
Existing ID#
Project Type:
DMS • Mitigation Bank
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Project Name: Whitespring Site (under lower cape fear
umbrella mitigation bank instrument)
County:
Brunswick
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Mitigation Monitoring Report
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White Springs Year 7 AMR.pdf
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Corey Novak

LOWER CAPE FEAR UMBRELLA TRACMITITGATION BANK
WHITESPRINGS SPR IN
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
YEAR 7 ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
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Prepared For:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District
and
Inter-Agency Review Team (IRT)
Prepared by:
DAVEY
uu
DaveyReso ResourcerceGro Groupp, Inc.
Wilmington, NC
July 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................
2.0. PROJECT OVERVIEW ......................
A. Introduction .................................
B. Mitigation Goals and Objectives
C. Project Implementation ..............
3.0. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS......
4.0 MONITORING RESULTS (YEAR 6)..
5.0 CONCLUSION
LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND APPENDICES
1
1
1
2
2
4
5
5
Figure1................................................................................................................. White Springs Vicinity Map
Figure 2..................................................... Aerial Photograph with Site Boundary Overlay (Pre -Construction)
Figure 3A...............................................................................................Aerial Photograph with Well Overlay
Figure 3B........................................................................ Aerial Photograph with Stream Monitoring Overlay
Figure 4................................................................................................................. Wetland Community Types
Table 1................................................................................. Vegetation Plots and Wells by Community Type
Table2...................................................................................................................... Vegetation Data by Plot
AppendixA.......................................................................................................................... Site Photographs
Appendix B............................................................................................... Vegetative Monitoring Data (2021)

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
LCFUMB LLC (Bank Sponsor), has completed Year 7 annual monitoring of the White Springs Tract of the
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank. The White Springs Tract encompasses 72 acres, including 64.4
acres of non -riparian (i.e. pocosin and wet pine savanna) wetland restoration and 1.8 acres of riparian wetland
restoration (small stream swamp). In addition, 1,312 If of first -order stream channel has been restored nearthe
down -gradient section of the site. A total of 72 acres have been placed into a perpetual conservation easement
for the long-term protection of the site.
Restoration activities included Priority 11 restoration of the first order single -thread stream channel. Upstream of
the first -order stream restoration, the existing, incised channel was widened, and its bed elevation was raised.
Lateral ditches that flowed into the channel (including both the first -order stream and the ditch upstream) were
backfilled with spoil from the channel work and plugged with clay material. The restored riparian wetland valley
associated with the restored first -order stream was planted with characteristic wetland trees. All restoration
work (including earthwork and plantings) was completed in April 2015. (Refer to the As -Built Report submitted
June 2015 for more detailed information regarding the implementation of the White Springs Tract).
The approved restoration plan stipulates seven years of vegetation monitoring and five years of hydrologic
monitoring. Following the completion of the earthwork, a total of three (3) 0.05-acre plots were established in
the riparian wetland planted area. A total of thirteen (13) shallow groundwater monitoring wells were installed
throughout the site (including 2 gauges within the first -order stream channel).
Hydrologic (including stream and wetland) monitoring has been discontinued since the five years of data
collected met the success criteria established in the restoration plan. The annual vegetation monitoring was
conducted in November 2021. Based upon the data collected, planted areas exhibit a high rate of survivorship
of characteristic wetland tree seedlings.
2.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW
A. Introduction
Construction of the White Springs Tract (72-acre project area) portion of the Lower Cape Fear Umbrella
Mitigation Bank was initiated in February 2015. The tract is located east of NC Hwy 133 (River Road SE) and
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank —White Springs Tract
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

immediately north of the Military Ocean Terminal at Sunny Point (MOTSU) Access Road approximately 4 miles
north of Southport, NC (Figure 1). The site boundary is depicted in Figure 2.1 The project includes
approximately 64.4 acres of non -riparian (i.e. pocosin and wet pine savanna) wetland restoration, 1.8 acres of
riparian (small stream swamp) wetland restoration, and 1,312 linear feet of first -order stream restoration.
Restoration activities included earthwork (back -filling lateral ditches, installing reinforced clay plugs, and the
Priority II restoration of the first order single -thread stream channel); raising and widening the incised channel
above the first -order stream; planting of characteristic riparian wetland vegetation; and the installation of
monitoring devices. The White Springs portion of the Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank is intended to
provide suitable, high -quality wetland mitigation for authorized impacts within the Lower Cape Fear River Basin
(Cataloging Unit 03030005).
B. Mitigation Goals and Objectives
The objective of the White Springs restoration project is to provide for the functional restoration and ecological
up -lift of wetland and stream habitat via the re-establishment of characteristic hydrologic conditions and
vegetative assemblages. Several key wetland functions and values have been restored including floodwater
retention/abatement, sediment retention, nutrient transformation, and increased habitat connectivity. The
project offers the unique opportunity to restore a wetland complex that includes a first -order single thread
stream, riparian small -stream swamp, non -riparian pocosin, and non -riparian pine savanna.
C. Project Implementation
Restoration activities were initiated in February 2015. Restoration work included Priority 11 restoration of the
first order single -thread stream channel. Upstream of the first -order stream restoration, the existing, incised
channel was widened, and its bed elevation was raised. Grading work (including the removal of spoil piles)
along this segment of the reach has resulted in the establishment of a low flow valley contiguous with the
restored first order reach.
Lateral ditches that flowed into the channel (including both the first -order stream and the ditch upstream) were
backfilled with spoil from the channel work and plugged with clay material. Backfilling of ditches and the
I Note that a conservation easement for the property was recorded and conveyed to the Land Trust for America. The
recorded conservation easement plat was submitted with the Mitigation Banking Instrument.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank — White Springs Tract 2
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

primary outlet canal in conjunction with the restoration of the stream channel have restored characteristic
wetland hydroperiods on the site.
Planting of the restored riparian wetland valley associated with the restored first -order stream was conducted
by Land Management Group (LMG) in April 2014. Plant material was provided by South Carolina SuperTree
Nursery (Blenheim, SC). Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) were planted in the valley bottom while Atlantic
white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) were planted on the valley slopes. A total of 3,000 seedlings were
planted across the 1.8-acre riparian wetland restoration area.
As part of the implementation of the restoration plan, LMG installed a total of eleven (11) automated shallow
groundwater monitoring wells (RDS, Inc. WM-40s) within the 66.2-ac restoration area (Figure 3A). The number
of monitoring wells installed was proportional to the area of each community type. Per the restoration plan,
seven (7) wells were installed in pocosin, two (2) wells were installed in pine savanna, and two (2) wells were
installed in riparian wetlands. These wells were installed on March 26 and April 14 (2015). Note that Well #10
was determined to be in uplands, leaving six (6) wells remaining in pocosin. In addition, a total of three (3)
automated wells have been installed within the identified non -riparian reference wetland area immediately east
of the mitigation site (Figure 3A). Data from the reference wells are used for comparative analyses to evaluate
the hydrology of the wetland restoration areas. In addition to the groundwater monitoring wells, two (2) stream
gauges were installed in the restored first -order stream channel (Figure 3B). These gauges documented
bankfull events. The stream gauges were installed on March 26, 2015 (SG2) and April 14, 2015 (SG1). Three
(3) permanent 0.05-ac vegetation plots were randomly established within the 1.8-ac riparian wetland restoration
area. The four (4) corners of each plot are marked with rebar and flagged PVC. GPS coordinates are provided
in Figure 3B. The number of wells and vegetation plots by community type are provided in Table 1.
Well monitoring has been completed and hydrologic restoration has been deemed successful per the USACE
Credit Release Letter dated June 29, 2020. Stream monitoring has also been deemed successful per the
USACE Credit Release Letter dated December 15, 2020. As a result, no further reporting of hydrologic or
stream monitoring data is necessary. Results of the final annual vegetation monitoring event (Year 7) are
reported below.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank —White Springs Tract 3
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

Table 1. Vegetation Plots and Wells by Community Type
Community Type
Area/Length (ac/ft)
Vegetation Plots
Monitoring Wells
Wet Pine Savanna
6.7
0
2
Pocosin
57.7
0
6
Riparian Wetland
1.8
3
2
First -Order Stream
1,312 (If)
0
2 (gauges)
Non -restorable Areas
5.8
0
1
TOTAL
72
3
13
3.0 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
Annual vegetation monitoring has been conducted near the end of each growing season for a period of seven
years. Hydrology monitoring was conducted for five years. The vegetative component includes an assessment
of the conditions within each of the three 0.05-ac permanent monitoring plots that have been established in the
riparian wetland restoration area. Hydrologic (including stream and wetland) monitoring has ceased
subsequent to meeting hydrologic success criteria in Year 5.
The following are the specific success criteria for the vegetation monitoring of the wetland restoration areas.
(1) Demonstrated density of planted species to meet or exceed 210 trees per acre at the end of 7 years
(post -planting).
(2) No single volunteer species (most notably, red maple, loblolly pine, and sweet gum) will comprise more
than 50% of the total composition at year 2 or 3. If this occurs, remedial procedures will be
implemented. During years 4 & 5, no single volunteer species, comprising over 50% of the total
composition, may be more than half the height of the planted trees. If this occurs, remedial procedures
will be implemented.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank— White Springs Tract 4
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

4.0 MONITORING RESULTS (YEAR 7)
A total of 104 planted stems were enumerated throughout the three 0.05-ac plots. For planted species, the
total number of stems identified corresponds to an average density of 700 stems per acre (35 stems per 0.05-
ac plot) within the riparian wetland restoration area (Table 2). All the plots exceeded the Year 7 minimum of 11
stems. As indicated above, bald cypress were planted in the valley bottom while Atlantic white cedar were
planted on the valley slopes. Therefore, bald cypress is the only planted species in the vegetation monitoring
plots.
Several woody volunteers, including fetterbush (Lyonia lucida), swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora), and redbay
(Persea borbonia) were identified throughout the riparian wetland corridor. The presence of these desirable
volunteer species has contributed increased diversity and is indicative of the targeted wetland community type.
No single volunteer species comprised more than 50% of the total composition in any of the monitoring plots.
Visual observations of the planted stream valley have revealed an apparent increase in the volume of pine and
sweetgum volunteers (mostly pine) in the upper portion of the valley. Suppression of these undesirable
volunteers was initiated in August 2019 and has continued throughout 2020, 2021, and early 2022. Refer to
Appendix A for photographs of site conditions in 2021. A comprehensive plot data table is provided in
Appendix B.
Table 2. Vegetation Data by Plot'
Plot 1
Plot 2
Plot 3
Planted (P)
Species
Common Name
or
I-
o
I-
o
I-
o
Volunteer
(V)
Taxodium distichum
bald cypress
P
44
44
31
34
29
30
TOTAL
44
44
31
34
29
30
1 Plots are 0.05-acre in size (20m X 10m).
5.0 CONCLUSION
Hydrologic data collected during the first five years of monitoring confirm the re-establishment of hydrology
characteristic of the target habitats across the site as a result of the earthwork completed during project
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank —White Springs Tract 5
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

initiation. Removal of the large outlet canal in conjunction with the re -contouring of the first -order stream valley
has resulted in the connection of headwater wetland areas to White Springs Creek. There has been a
discernible hydrologic response indicating the restoration of key hydrologic functions relating to water storage
and groundwater recharge within the system.
Vegetation monitoring of the project area indicate successful restoration of the target species composition (i.e.
mix of planted species and characteristic volunteers). Vegetation data document high rates of survivorship
among the planted species (x stem density = 700 stems per acre). The overall rate of survivorship of planted
species and the occurrence of desirable volunteer wetland species indicate that the restored valleys are
comprised of the target vegetative assemblage. No additional monitoring is proposed.
Overall, the site appears to be performing very well. The restoration site is already providing key wetland
functions via the reduction of sediment/nutrient runoff; increased nutrient retention/transformation; increased
floodwater storage; and the enhancement and protection of wildlife habitat. The restored first -order stream
channel and the zero -order stream valley up -gradient from the channel support a diverse assemblage of
benthic macroinvertebrates. Wetland hydrology has been reestablished across the site. Upon review and
concurrence by the Interagency Review Team, this report will conclude the seventh and final year of monitoring
for the White Springs Tract portion of the Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank —White Springs Tract
Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report (July 2022)

FIGURES

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Map Source: DeLorme: North Carolina Atlas and Gazetteer., 1997 p. 87.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank Figure 1.
(White Springs Tract) White Springs Vicinity Map
Brunswick County DAVEYI
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Map Source:2012 NC OneMapAerial Photography (when printed at 11"x17")
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella DAVEYI Figure 2.
Mitigation Bank Aerial Photograph
Brunswick County, NC Resource Group with Site Boundary Overlay
3805 Wrightsville Avenue (Pre-Construction)
LMG#01-13-038A Wilmington,NC 28403
Phone:[phone] Fax:[phone]

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Map Source:2012 NC One Map Aerialand Photographyrenotmeant to be absolute.
(when printed at 11"x17")
Lower Capeitigation FearBank Umbrella DAVEYw Figure 3A.
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LMG#01-13-038A Aerial Photograph
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Wilmington,NC 28403
Phone:[phone] Fax:[phone]

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Map Source:2012 NC OneMap Aerial Photography (when printed at 11"x17")
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella DAVEYt Figure 3B.
Mitigation Bank Resource Groupg
Brunswick County, NC Aerial Photograph
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LMG#01-13-038A Wilmington,NC 28403
Phone:[phone] Fax:[phone]

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Stream Restoration
Riparian Wetland Restoration 1.8 ac
Non Riparian Wetland Restoration 6.7 ac
Pine Savannah
Non Riparian Wetland Restoration 57.7 ac
Pocosin
Non Restorable Areas 5.8 ac
Total Mitigation Bank Site 72 ac
(Conservation Easement)
Monitoring Well (11)
Reference Well (3)
PRELIMINARY
NOTE: This Is Not An Engineered, Survey, or Architectural Drawing.
Linear Measurements and Area Calculations are Approximate. 0 200 400 800
NOTE: Parcel Boundaries From Brunswich County GIS.
Aerial is dated 2014.
Project: Date: Revision Date:
DAY Lovler Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank 1/23/2017 1/22/2018
White Springs Tract Scale: Job Number:
Resource Group Title: 1"=400' 01-09-117
sags ,nffiue 1-2 Wetland Community Types Drawn By, Figure:
Wilmington, - 9 Carolina 23402 A
TelepM1pne. 910-052-9991 '4
L.IWETLAND..13WETLANDSFILES`Ai-1 M-0--LCFUMB,hbnibrinp,Jon Vi,ce,tWCAMWhite Springs Tract 01 202017.dw

APPENDIXA.
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
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(2)View of Atlantic white cedar on valley edge(November 2021)
LCFUMB, White Springs—Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report 1
Appendix A. Site Photos

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
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(4)View of volunteer black gum at Vegetation Plot 2 (November 2021)
LCFUMB, White Springs—Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report 2
Appendix A. Site Photos

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
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(5) View of bald cypress at Vegetation Plot 3 (November 2021)
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(6) View of Vegetation Plot 3 (November 2021)
LCFUMB, White Springs—Year 7 Annual Monitoring Report 3
Appendix A. Site Photos

APPENDIX B.
VEGETATIVE MONITORING DATA (2021)

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