20140695 Ver 1_Stormwater Info_20140702

Stormwater Impact Analysis
Site Plan Submittal
For the proposed
Austin Creek Development
Wake Forest, North Carolina
Prepared for
Town of Wake Forest
Prepared By
Stewart Inc.
STEWART
April 21, 2014

Stormwater Impact Analysis
For
Austin Creek Development
Wake Forest, North Carolina
Prepared for:
Holly E. Miller
Town of Wake Forest
Prepared by:
Stewart Inc.
Firm License No. 1051
421 Fayetteville St.
Raleigh, NC 27601
919.380.8750
Stewart Project No. C13117
April 21, 2014

Table of Contents
1. Table of Contents & Narrative
2. Site Information
a. Aerial Map
b. QUAD Map
c. FEMA Map
d. Soils Map
e. Rainfall Data
3. Quantity Calculations
a. BMP Sizing
b. Peak Flow Analysis - Hydraflow
c. Nitrogen Calculations
4. Storm Drainage Network Calculations
a. 10 year HGL Profiles - StormCAD
5. Erosion Control Calculations
6. Sizing
STORMWATER IMPACT ANALYSIS
AUSTIN CREEK DEVELOPMENT
WAKE FOREST, NORTH CAROLINA

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This Stormwater Impact Analysis has been prepared specifically to address the requirements of
the Town of Wake Forest Stormwater Ordinance, in order to quantify the impact of the proposed
development upon downstream systems.
As detailed below, the peak flow rate in the proposed condition is within a 10% increase from
the existing condition for the 2- and 10 -year, 24 -hour storms, and the pond has the capacity to
handle the 1" storm with a drawdown of a little The Total Nitrogen Export from the parcel will
be reduced to 3.6 lb /ac /yr through the use of a wetpond BMP and nitrogen export buydown
Site Information
The proposed Austin Creek development is located Wake Forest, NC along hwy 98 between Bowling
Forest and Austin View Blvd. The property is within the Neuse River watershed
Proposed Improvements
Phase 2 for the Austin Creek residential development will include over 70 home lots and local
roads providing access to the future homes. Site work will include clearing existing trees,
constructing the road, parking, sidewalk, and preparing the land for homes.
Stormwater for the proposed phase 2 will be captured and directed to a wetpond BMP located on
the southwestern corner of the development. The wetpond will be used to reduce the proposed
Total Nitrogen Export to 3.6 lbs /ac /yr. Discharge from the proposed retention device will be
directed to the west, towards Austin Creek. The proposed area for the wetpond will also be used
for Sediment Basin B during the construction phase. Necessary modifications will be utilized to
transition the sediment basin for use as a stomrwater BMP.
Design Requirements
The stormwater management controls shall be designed in accordance with the Town of
Wake Forest Stormwater Ordinance. The requirements are listed below:
• No net increase in peak flow from pre - development to post -for 1 -yr, 24 -hr storm.
• Reduce Total Nitrogen for the parcel to 3.6 lb /ac /yr. Buy down may be made from 6.0
lb /ac /yr to 3.6 lb /ac /yr for residential development and from 10 lb /ac /yr for commercial
development.
• Proposed BMPs have been sized in accordance with the NCDENR Stormwater Best
Managements Practices manual.

Nitrogen Export Analysis
The apportioning method is used to calculate the THE from the site. The total parcel area is 29.9
ac with 0.0 ac of existing impervious area and 7.14 acres of proposed impervious. The
apportioned open space in the proposed condition is 22.76 ac which makes the "area of new
development" 29.07 acres. Using 21.2 lb /yr of TN for the 7.14 acres of impervious area and 1.2
lb /yr TN for the 22.76 acres of open space the THE for the "area of new development" is 98.484
lb /yr or 4.21 lb /ac /yr.
The attached calculation show that the proposed BMP will be removing 52.904 lb /yr of TN from
the site and will satisfy the water quality portion of the Storm water Ordinance with an additional
buy down amount equaling $15,424.99
[TN Export (4.21) -Limit (3.6)] * Payment ($850.5 ac /lbs) * Parcel (29.9 ac) _ $15,424.99
18.24 lbs of Nitrogen to be purchased to meet regulation
Summary of Results
Parcel
Impervious
Managed
Undisturbed
Nitrogen
Nitrogen
- 52.32%
Area
Area
Open Area
Open Area
Load
Export
32.03
(Ac)
(Ac)
(Ac)
(Ac)
(lb /yr)
(lb /ac /yr)
Pre
29.9
0
29.65
.25
144.89
38.14%
Post
29.9
7.14
22.51
.25
178.68
5.98
18.24 lbs of Nitrogen to be purchased to meet regulation
Summary of Results
Conclusions
The enclosed calculations show that the proposed peak flow (with detention) for the 1 -yr storm is
lower than the existing peak flow. The existing 1 -yr peak flow is 7.26 cfs. After detention
design, the 1 -yr peak flow is reduced to 7.25cfs. The total proposed nitrogen regulations were
met with a reduced amount (reduction from stormwater BMP) of 52.904 lbs /yr and a buydown of
18.241bs /yr.
Pre (cfs)
Post(cfs)
%Inc
1 -yr
15.22
7.25
- 52.32%
5 -yr
41.29
29.86
- 38.28%
10 -yr
54.25
32.03
- 40.96%
25 -yr
73.38
63.41
- 13.57%
50 -yr
88.70
106.43
20%
100 -yr
104.89
144.89
38.14%
Conclusions
The enclosed calculations show that the proposed peak flow (with detention) for the 1 -yr storm is
lower than the existing peak flow. The existing 1 -yr peak flow is 7.26 cfs. After detention
design, the 1 -yr peak flow is reduced to 7.25cfs. The total proposed nitrogen regulations were
met with a reduced amount (reduction from stormwater BMP) of 52.904 lbs /yr and a buydown of
18.241bs /yr.

Appendix 2
2. Site
Information
a.
QUAD Map
b.
FEMA Map
C.
Soils Map
d.
Rainfall Data
e.
Aerial Map

Appendix 3
3. BMP Calculations
a. BMP Supplemental Forms
b. Peak Analysis - Hydraflow
C. Buoyancy Calculations
d. Nitrogen Calculations

Appendix 4
4. Storm Drainage Network Calculations
a. 10 Year & 100 Year HGL Profiles
e. Riprap Dissipater Pad Sizing

3E
398
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UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
ROLESVILLE QUADRANGLE
NORTH CAROLINA
7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
MN
5°
1 GN
89 MILS 1 °30'
27 MILS
UTM GRID AND 1973 MAGNETIC NORTH
DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
SCALE 1:24 000
1 2 0 1 MICE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETRE
Ell
CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEET
NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS
FOR SALE BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092
A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
Primary highway, Light -duty road, hard or
hard surface..._..__....... improved surface.... .
Secondary highway,
hard surface Unimproved road._...._________
C) Interstate Route O U. S. Route OState Route
N. C.■ ,�
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
PC<1
ROLESVILLE, N. C.
0� yE
Control by USGS and USC &GS
Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs
l
taken 1964. Field checked 1967
Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum
10,000 -foot grid based on North Carolina coordinate system
1000 -metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks,
zone 17, shown in blue
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence and field lines where
generally visible on aerial photographs. This information is unchecked
Revisions shown in purple compiled from aerial
photographs taken 1973. This information not
field checked
MN
5°
1 GN
89 MILS 1 °30'
27 MILS
UTM GRID AND 1973 MAGNETIC NORTH
DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
SCALE 1:24 000
1 2 0 1 MICE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETRE
Ell
CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEET
NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS
FOR SALE BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092
A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
Primary highway, Light -duty road, hard or
hard surface..._..__....... improved surface.... .
Secondary highway,
hard surface Unimproved road._...._________
C) Interstate Route O U. S. Route OState Route
N. C.■ ,�
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
ROLESVILLE, N. C.
N3552.5— W7822.5/7.5
0"
5100,
6
5
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USGS PHOTOREVISED 1973
Historical File AMS 5355 IV NW— SERIES V842
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ZONE X FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP
ZONE X I I NORTH CAROLINA CD
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I J (SEE LOCATOR DIAGRAM OR MAP INDEX FOR FIRM
052
I PANEL LAYOUT)
• CONTAINS:
/ J • COMMUNITY CID No. PANEL SUFFIX
® ROLESVILLE,TOWN OF 370488 1850 J
In
WAKE COUNTY 370368 1850 J
WAKE FOREST. TOWN OF 370244 IBM J
Town of
Wake Forest
370244 r
ZONE AE J CID
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Nance placing User: The Map s: the shown below should he used
when placing mep orders: the Community Number shown
above should be used on insurance ce applications forthe subject
a community.
ZONE X�
EFFECTIVE DATE MAP NUMBER
MAY 2, 2006 37201850001
E ® w ^F
C-0 �1ND SE
State of North Carolina
• Q Z Federal Emergency Management Agency
This is an official copy of a portion of the above referenced flood map. It
was extracted using F IT On -Line. This map does not reflect changes
(i or amendments which may have been made subsequent to the date on the
title block. For the latest product information about National Flood Insurance
C� Program flood maps check the FEMA Flood Map Store at www.msc.fema.gov

USDA United States
Department of
Agriculture
N RCS
Natural
Resources
Conservation
Service
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Wake County,
North Carolina
April 25, 2014

Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They
highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about
the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many
different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners,
community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also,
conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal,
and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance
the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties
that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information
is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on
various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying
with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases.
Examples include soil quality assessments (http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal/
nres /main /soils /health /) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For
more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http: //
offices.sc.egov.usda.gov /locator /app ?agency =nres) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal /nres /detail /soils /contactus /?
cid= nres142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic
tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or
underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department
of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural
Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil
Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs
and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where
applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual
orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an
individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited
bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means
2

for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should
contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720 -2600 (voice and TDD). To file a
complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400
Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250 -9410 or call (800) 795 -3272
(voice) or (202) 720 -6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and
employer.
3

Contents
Preface...................................................................................... ..............................2
How Soil Surveys Are Made .................................................... ..............................5
SoilMap .................................................................................... ..............................7
SoilMap .................................................................................. ..............................8
Legend.................................................................................... ..............................9
MapUnit Legend ................................................................... .............................10
MapUnit Descriptions ........................................................... .............................10
Wake County, North Carolina ............................................ .............................13
AfB— Altavista fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes, rarely flooded ........
13
ApC2— Appling sandy loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes, moderately eroded ...
14
AuA— Augusta fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally
flooded..................................................................... .............................15
CnA— Colfax sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes ............ .............................16
DuB— Durham loamy sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes ......... .............................17
DuC2— Durham loamy sand, 6 to 10 percent slopes, moderately
eroded...................................................................... .............................18
LoD— Louisburg loamy sand, 10 to 15 percent slopes ... .............................19
LwB2— Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 2 to 6 percent slopes,
moderately eroded ................................................... .............................20
LwC— Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 6 to 10 percent slopes .....................21
MeA— Mantachie sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded ..........
23
WkE— Wake - Wateree complex, 10 to 25 percent slopes, very rocky.........
23
WmB2— Wedowee sandy loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, moderately
eroded...................................................................... .............................26
WoA— Wehadkee and Bibb soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently
flooded..................................................................... .............................27
References............................................................................... .............................29
4

How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas
in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and
their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations
affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of
the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and
the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is
the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the
surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the
surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other
living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas
(MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share
common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources,
soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically
consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is
related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area.
Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of
landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous
areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the
landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus,
during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable
degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the
landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by
an understanding of the soil- vegetation - landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify
predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to
identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).
Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of
soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
5

Custom Soil Resource Report
individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have
similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique
combination of soil components and /or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of
the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes
the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and
landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of
resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is
needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and
experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil -
landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific
locations. Once the soil - landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of
measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These
measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to
bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of
sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from
one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties.
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret
the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field - observed characteristics
and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different
uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils
in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are
modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet
local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information,
production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop
yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from
field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such
variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long
periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil
scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have
a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a
high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields,
roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.
0

Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil
map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.
7

3
ry
727700
35° 58' 3" N
8
N
M
O
O
N
M
O
M
M
O
O
N
M
0
0
N
T
M
O
O
n
N
OJ
M
O
35° 5740" N
727700 727800 727900 728000 728100 728200
3
Map Scale: 1:4,930 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5') sheet.
Meters
N 0 50 100 200 300
Feet
0 200 400 800 1200
Map projection: Web Mercator Comer coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 17N WGS84
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Map
727800 727900 728000 728100 728200 728300
728400 728500 728600
3
a
F
728700
35° 58' 3" N
M
O
N
M
8
M
M
O
M
OJ
U
728300 728400 728500 728600
O
O
T
N
W
T
m
W
N
M
N
35° 57'4U 'N
728700
3
v
N

MAP LEGEND
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Spoil Area
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:15,800.
Soil Map Unit Polygons
0
Soil Map Unit Lines
0
Soil Map Unit Points
Special
Point Features
Uo
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
-
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
+�
Landfill
Lava Flow
Water Features
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Ia
Rock Outcrop
t++
Saline Spot
4
Sandy Spot
Interstate Highways
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
p
Slide or Slip
0o
Sodic Spot
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP INFORMATION
This product is generated from the USDA -NRCS certified data as of
the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Wake County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 11, Dec 21, 2013
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000
or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: May 10, 2010 —Apr 4,
2011
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting
Spoil Area
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:15,800.
(
Stony Spot
(
Very Stony Spot
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
s^
Wet Spot
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
Other
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line
-
placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting
+�
Special Line Features
soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale.
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Transportation
t++
Rails
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
r ,.r
Interstate Highways
Web Soil Survey URL: http : / /websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
US Routes
Major Roads
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
Local Roads
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Background
Albers equal -area conic projection, should be used if more accurate
W
Aerial Photography
calculations of distance or area are required.
This product is generated from the USDA -NRCS certified data as of
the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Wake County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 11, Dec 21, 2013
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000
or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: May 10, 2010 —Apr 4,
2011
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting

Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Wake County, North Carolina (NC183)
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
AfB
Altavista fine sandy loam, 0 to 6
17.2
17.9%
percent slopes, rarely flooded
ApC2
Appling sandy loam, 6 to 10
2.7
2.8%
percent slopes, moderately
eroded
AuA
Augusta fine sandy loam, 0 to 2
2.4
2.5%
percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
CnA
Colfax sandy loam, 0 to 3
1.1
1.2%
percent slopes
9.9
DuB
Durham loamy sand, 2 to 6
10.3%
percent slopes
DuC2
Durham loamy sand, 6 to 10
6.0
6.2%
percent slopes, moderately
eroded
LoD
Louisburg loamy sand, 10 to 15
13.6
14.1%
percent slopes
LwB2
Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 2
0.8
0.9%
to 6 percent slopes,
moderately eroded
LwC
Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 6
16.4
17.0%
to 10 percent slopes
MeA
Mantachie sandy loam, 0 to 2
0.8
0.9%
percent slopes, rarely flooded
WkE
Wake - Wateree complex, 10 to
3.4
3.5%
25 percent slopes, very rocky
WmB2
Wedowee sandy loam, 2 to 6
4.0
4.1%
percent slopes, moderately
eroded
WoA
Wehadkee and Bibb soils, 0 to 2
18.0
18.6%
percent slopes, frequently
flooded
Totals for Area of Interest
96.4
100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils
or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the
maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape,
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Custom Soil Resource Report
however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability
of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend
beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic
class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic
classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas
for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes
other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally
are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used.
Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified
by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the
contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with
some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been
observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially
where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations
to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness
or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic
classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments
on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If
intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to
define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each
description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties
and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons
that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity,
degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such
differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the
detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly
indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0
to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The
pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all
areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or
anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical
or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and
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relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha -
Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that
could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of
the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be
made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up
of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material
and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
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Wake County, North Carolina
AfB— Altavista fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes, rarely flooded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Altavista and similar soils: 90 percent
Minor components: 8 percent
Description of Altavista
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three- dimensional): Tread
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Old loamy alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Moderately well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: About 18 to 30 inches
Frequency of flooding: Rare
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: High (about 9.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Typical profile
0 to 8 inches: Fine sandy loam
8 to 12 inches: Fine sandy loam
12 to 15 inches: Sandy clay loam
15 to 35 inches: Clay loam
35 to 42 inches: Sandy loam
42 to 80 inches: Coarse sandy loam
Minor Components
Warne, undrained
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Flats on stream terraces
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
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Roanoke, undrained
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Depressions on stream terraces, backswamps on stream terraces
Landform position (three- dimensional): Flat
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Chewacla
Percent of map unit: 1 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
ApC2— Appling sandy loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes, moderately eroded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Appling, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 90 percent
Description of Appling, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and gneiss and /or schist
Properties and qualities
Slope: 6 to 10 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity. Moderate (about 8.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
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Typical profile
0 to 4 inches: Sandy loam
4 to 18 inches: Sandy clay loam
18 to 36 inches: Clay
36 to 52 inches: Sandy clay loam
52 to 80 inches: Sandy loam
AuA— Augusta fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 80 to 330 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 265 days
Map Unit Composition
Augusta and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 7 percent
Description of Augusta
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Old loamy alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: About 12 to 24 inches
Frequency of flooding: Occasional
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 8.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if drained
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3w
Hydrologic Soil Group: B/D
Typical profile
0 to 9 inches: Sandy loam
9 to 19 inches: Clay loam
19 to 60 inches: Clay loam
60 to 80 inches: Coarse sandy loam
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Minor Components
Roanoke, undrained
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Depressions on stream terraces, backswamps on stream terraces
Landform position (three- dimensional): Flat
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Wehadkee, undrained
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
CnA— Colfax sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Colfax and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 5 percent
Description of Colfax
Setting
Landform: Depressions
Landform position (two- dimensional): Footslope
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Loamy alluvium and /or colluvium over saprolite derived from granite
and gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 16 to 35 inches to fragipan; 40 to 60 inches to paralithic
bedrock; 60 to 80 inches to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low (0.00 to 0.00 in/
hr)
Depth to water table: About 6 to 18 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Low (about 3.8 inches)
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Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3w
Hydrologic Soil Group: C/D
Typical profile
0 to 7 inches: Sandy loam
7 to 14 inches: Sandy loam
14 to 29 inches: Sandy clay loam
29 to 48 inches: Sandy loam
48 to 59 inches: Sandy loam
59 to 65 inches: Weathered bedrock
65 to 80 inches: Unweathered bedrock
Minor Components
Worsham, undrained
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Depressions
Landform position (two- dimensional): Footslope
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Concave
Wehadkee, undrained
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
DuB— Durham loamy sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 300 to 450 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Durham and similar soils: 90 percent
Description of Durham
Setting
Landform: Interfluves
Landform position (two- dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three- dimensional): Interfluve
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and gneiss
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Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to
0.57 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 6.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Typical profile
0 to 16 inches: Loamy sand
16 to 36 inches: Clay loam
36 to 42 inches: Sandy clay
42 to 48 inches: Sandy clay loam
48 to 60 inches: Sandy loam
DuU— Durham loamy sand, 6 to 10 percent slopes, moderately eroded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 300 to 450 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Durham, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 80 percent
Description of Durham, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three - dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 6 to 10 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to
0.57 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
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Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 7.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Typical profile
0 to 4 inches: Loamy sand
4 to 36 inches: Clay loam
36 to 42 inches: Sandy clay
42 to 48 inches: Sandy clay loam
48 to 60 inches: Sandy loam
LoD— Louisburg loamy sand, 10 to 15 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Louisburg and similar soils: 85 percent
Description of Louisburg
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and /or gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 6 to 15 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock; 40 to 80 inches to
lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00 to
1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity. Very low (about 1.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
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Typical profile
0 to 8 inches: Loamy sand
8 to 20 inches: Sandy loam
20 to 80 inches: Weathered bedrock
LwB2— Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 2 to 6 percent slopes, moderately
eroded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 300 to 450 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Louisburg, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 60 percent
Wedowee, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 38 percent
Description of Louisburg, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: I nterfl uves
Landform position (two- dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three- dimensional): Interfluve
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and /or gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 40 inches to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00 to
1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Very low (about 2.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 7 inches: Loamy sand
7 to 24 inches: Sandy loam
24 to 60 inches: Weathered bedrock
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Description of Wedowee, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: Interfluves
Landform position (two- dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three- dimensional): Interfluve
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and /or gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 8.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 4 inches: Sandy loam
4 to 23 inches: Clay
23 to 35 inches: Clay loam
35 to 80 inches: Sandy clay loam
LwC— Louisburg - Wedowee complex, 6 to 10 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 300 to 450 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Louisburg and similar soils: 60 percent
Wedowee and similar soils: 38 percent
Description of Louisburg
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
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Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and /or gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 6 to 10 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 40 inches to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00 to
1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Very low (about 2.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 7 inches: Loamy sand
7 to 24 inches: Sandy loam
24 to 60 inches: Weathered bedrock
Description of Wedowee
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and /or gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 6 to 10 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 8.1 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 4 inches: Sandy loam
4 to 7 inches: Sandy loam
7 to 23 inches: Clay
23 to 35 inches: Clay loam
35 to 80 inches: Sandy clay loam
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Custom Soil Resource Report
MeA— Mantachie sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 80 to 330 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 265 days
Map Unit Composition
Mantachie and similar soils: 90 percent
Description of Mantachie
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (two- dimensional): Toeslope
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 5.95 in /hr)
Depth to water table: About 12 to 18 inches
Frequency of flooding: Rare
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: High (about 10.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if drained
Land capability (nonirrigated): 2w
Hydrologic Soil Group: B/D
Typical profile
0 to 18 inches: Loam
18 to 80 inches: Fine sandy loam
WkE— Wake - Wateree complex, 10 to 25 percent slopes, very rocky
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
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Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Wake, very rocky, and similar soils: 50 percent
Wateree, very rocky, and similar soils: 35 percent
Rock outcrop: 5 percent
Minor components: 7 percent
Description of Wake, Very Rocky
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Residuum weathered from granite and gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 8 to 20 inches to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: Excessively drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to low (0.00 to
0.01 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity. Very low (about 0.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 6s
Hydrologic Soil Group: D
Typical profile
0 to 7 inches: Gravelly loamy coarse sand
7 to 11 inches: Gravelly loamy sand
11 to 80 inches: Unweathered bedrock
Description of Wateree, Very Rocky
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00 to
1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
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Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Low (about 3.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 6s
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 7 inches: Sandy loam
7 to 28 inches: Sandy loam
28 to 35 inches: Sandy loam
35 to 80 inches: Weathered bedrock
Description of Rock Outcrop
Setting
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Granite and gneiss
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 0 inches to lithic bedrock
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to low (0.00 to
0.01 in /hr)
Available water capacity: Very low (about 0.0 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 8s
Typical profile
0 to 80 inches: Bedrock
Minor Components
Rion, very rocky
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
Wilkes, very rocky
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Hillslopes on ridges
Landform position (two- dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three- dimensional): Side slope
Down -slope shape: Linear
Across -slope shape: Convex
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Custom Soil Resource Report
WmB2— Wedowee sandy loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, moderately eroded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Wedowee, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 90 percent
Description of Wedowee, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: Interfluves
Landform position (two- dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three- dimensional): Interfluve
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Saprolite derived from granite and gneiss and /or schist
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity. Moderate (about 8.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Typical profile
0 to 4 inches: Sandy loam
4 to 23 inches: Clay
23 to 35 inches: Clay loam
35 to 80 inches: Sandy clay loam
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Custom Soil Resource Report
WoA— Wehadkee and Bibb soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded
Map Unit Setting
Elevation: 80 to 1,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F
Frost -free period: 200 to 240 days
Map Unit Composition
Bibb, undrained, and similar soils: 45 percent
Wehadkee, undrained, and similar soils: 45 percent
Description of Wehadkee, Undrained
Setting
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in /hr)
Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding: Frequent
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: High (about 9.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 6w
Hydrologic Soil Group: B/D
Typical profile
0 to 8 inches: Loam
8 to 43 inches: Sandy clay loam
43 to 72 inches: Sandy loam
Description of Bibb, Undrained
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (two- dimensional): Toeslope
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Sandy and loamy alluvium
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95 in /hr)
Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding: Frequent
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 7.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Land capability (nonirrigated): 5w
Hydrologic Soil Group: A/D
Typical profile
0 to 6 inches: Loamy sand
6 to 60 inches: Sandy loam
60 to 80 inches: Loamy sand
W

References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004.
Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and
testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487 -00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FWS /OBS- 79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils
in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.
Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal /nres/
detail / national /soils / ?cid= nres142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making
and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal/
nres / detail / national /soils / ?cid= nres142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps/
portal /nres/ detail / national /soils / ?cid= nres142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y -87 -1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal /nres /detail /soils/
home / ?cid= nres142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal /nres/
detail / national /landuse /rangepasture/ ?cid= stelprdb1043084
29

Custom Soil Resource Report
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430 -VI. http: / /www.nres.usda.gov /wps /portal/
nres / detail / soils / scientists / ?cid= nres142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the
Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296.
http: / /www.nres. usda.gov /wps /portal /nres /detail /national /soils /?
cid= nres142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http: //
www.nres.usda.gov /Internet /FSE _DOCUMENTS /nresl42p2_052290.pdf
30

Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Page 1 of 4
NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 2, Version 3
Location name: Wake Forest, North Carolina, USA
Latitude: 35.9760 °, Longitude: - 78.5137°
Elevation: 403 ft'
source: Google Maps *R„ FF/
POINT PRECIPITATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES
G.M. Bonnin, D. Martin, B. Lin, T. Parzybok, M.Yekta, and D. Riley
NOAA, National Weather Service, Silver Spring, Maryland
PF tabular I PF graphical I Maps & aerials
PF tabular
PDS -based point precipitation frequency estimates with 90% confidence intervals (in inches)'
Average
recurrence interval (years)
Duration
1
D000000000
2
5
10
25
50
100
200
500
1000
0.403
0.469
0.535
0.599
0.664
0.715
0.760
0.799
0.843
0.880
5 -min
(0.370 - 0.440)
(0.430 - 0.512)
(0.491 - 0.583)
(0.549 - 0.653)
(0.605 - 0.723)
(0.648 - 0.778)
(0.685 - 0.826)
(0.716 - 0.871)
(0.749 - 0.919)
(0.776 - 0.962)
0.644
0.750
0.858
0.959
1.06
1.14
1.21
1.27
1.33
1.39
10 -min
1(0.591-0.702)1(0.688-0.818)1(0.786-0.934)1(0.877-1.04)
(0.965 -1.15)
1 (1.03 -1.24)
1 (1.09 -1.31)
1 (1.14 -1.38)
1 (1.19 -1.45)
(1.22 -1.52)
0.804
0.942
1.09
1.21
1.34
1.44
1.53
1.60
1.68
1.74
15 -min
1(0.739-0.878)1(0.865-1.03)
(0.995 -1.18)
1 (1.11 -1.32)
1 (1.22 -1.46)
1 (1.31 -1.57)
1 (1.38 -1.66)
1 (1.43 -1.74)
1 (1.49 -1.83)
1 (1.54 -1.90)
1.10
1.30
1.54
1.76
1.99
2.17
2.34
2749 7F
2.67
2.82
30 -min
(1.01 -1.20)
(1.20 -1.42)
(1.41 -1.68)
(1.61 -1.91)
(1.81 -2.16)
(1.97 -2.36)
(2.11 -2.54)
(2.23 -2.71)
(2.37 -2.91)
(2.49 -3.08)
1.38
1.63
1.98
2.29
2.65
2.94
3.22
3.49
3.83
4.11
60 -min
(1.26 -1.50)
(1.50 -1.78)
(1.81 -2.15)
(2.09 -2.49)
(2.41 -2.88)
(2.67 -3.20)
(2.90 -3.50)
(3.13 -3.81)
(3.41 -4.18 )
( 3.63 -4.50 )
1.61
1.92
2.34
2.74
3.22
3.63
4.02
4.42
4.93
5.38
2 -hr
(1.47 -1.77)
(1.75 -2.10)
(2.14 -2.57)
(2.49 -3.00)
(2.90 -3.51)
(3.26 -3.96)
(3.59 -4.38)
(3.92 -4.82)
(4.33 -5.38)
(4.68 -5.88)
1.71
2.04
2.50
2.94
3.48
3.96
4.43
4.92
5.58
6.16
3 -hr
(1.55 -1.89)
(1.86 -2.25)
(2.27 -2.75)
(2.67 -3.23)
(3.14 -3.82)
(3.55 -4.35)
(3.94 -4.86)
(4.34 -5.39)
(4.87 -6.11)
(5.31 -6.76)
2.05
2.44
3.00
3.54
4.21
4.81
5.40
6.03
6.87
7.63
6 -hr
(1.87-2.26)
(2.24 -2.69)
(2.73 -3.30)
(3.22 -3.88)
(3.80 -4.61)
(4.32 -5.25)
(4.81 -5.90)
(5.31 -6.57)
(5.98 -7.49)
(6.55 -8.34 )
2.42
2.8--]F----]F--4.-22--]F
5.06
5.81
6.58
7.40
8.52
9.54
12 -hr
(2.22 -2.66)
(2.65 -3.16)
(3.26 -3.90)
(3.85 -4.62)
(4.59 -5.52)
(5.23 -6.32)
(5.86 -7.14)
(6.51 -8.02)
(7.39 -9.24)
(8.15 -10.4)
2.86
3.45
4.33
5.02
5.95
6.69
7.44
8.22
9.28
10.1
24 -hr
(2.67-3.08)
(3.23 -3.72)
(4.04 -4.65)
(4.67 -5.38)
(5.52 -6.38)
(6.19 -7.17)
(6.87 -7.99)
(7.56 -8.82)
(8.50 -9.97)
(9.23 -10.9)
3.32
4.00
4.97
5.73
6.76
7.56
8.39
9.23
10.4
11.3
2 -day
(3.10 -3.57)
(3.74 -4.30)
(4.64 -5.34)
(5.34 -6.15)
(6.27 -7.26)
(7.01 -8.12)
(7.75 -9.01)
(8.50 -9.93)
(9.51 -11.2)
(10.3 -12.2)
3.52
4.23
5.23
6.02
7.09
7.94
8.80
9.68
10.9
11.8
3 -day
(3.29 -3.77)
(3.96 -4.53)
(4.89 -5.60)
(5.62 -6.44)
(6.59 -7.59)
(7.36 -8.50)
(8.13 -9.43)
(8.92 -10.4)
(9.98 -11.7)
(10.8 -12.7)
3.72
4.46
5.49
6.31
7.42
8.31
9.20
10.1
11.4
12.4
4 -day
(3.48 -3.97)
(4.18 -4.76)
(5.14 -5.86)
(5.90 -6.73)
(6.91 -7.93)
(7.72 -8.88)
(8.52 -9.84)
(9.34 -10.8 )
( 10.4 -12.2 )
( 11.3 -13.3 )
4.31
5.14
6.26
7.14
8.35
9.31
10.3
11.3
12.7
13.7
7 -day
(4.04 -4.60)
(4.82 -5.48)
(5.86 -6.67)
(6.68 -7.62)
(7.79 -8.91)
(8.66 -9.93)
(9.54 -11.0)
(10.4 -12.1)
(11.6 -13.6)
(12.6 -14.8 )
4.90
5.83
7.01
7.93
9.17
10.1
11.1
12.1
13.5
14.5
10 -day
(4.60 -523)
(5.47 -6.21)
(6.57 -7.46)
(7.43 -8.44)
(8.57 -9.77)
(9.47 -10.8 )
( 10.4 -11.9 )
( 11.3 -13.0 )
( 12.5 -14.5 )
( 13.4 -15.6 )
6.57
7.76
9.17
10.3
11.8
13.0
14.2
15.4
17.0
18.3
20 -day
(6.19 -6.99)
(7.31 -8.25)
(8.63 -9.74)
(9.66 -10.9)
(11.1 -12.5)
(12.1 -13.8)
(13.2 -15.1)
(14.3 -16.4)
(15.8 -18.2)
(16.9 -19.6)
8.16
9.60
11.2
12.4
14.0
15.2
16.4
17.6
19.3
20.5
30 -day
(7.71 -865)
(9.06 -10.2)
(10.5 -11.8)
(11.7 -13.1)
(13.1 -14.8)
(14.3 -16.1)
(15.4 -17.5)
(16.5 -18.8)
(17.9 -20.5)
(19.0 -21.9)
10.4
12.2
13.9
15.3
17.1
18.4
19.7
21.0
22.7
24.0
45 -day
(9.88 -10.9)
(11.6 -12.8)
(13.2 -14.7)
(14.5 -16.1)
(16.1 -18.0)
(17.4 -19.4)
(18.6 -20.8)
(19.7 -22.2)
(21.2 -24.0)
(22.4 -25.4)
12.-IF--14--]F----]F----]F--19.8
26.9
60 -day
U-11-9 -13-1-)J
(13.9 -15.3) J
Li 5 617 3-)J
(17.0 -18.8)
(18.8 -20.8)
(20.1 -22.3) J
.6
(21.3 -23.8) J
LELL-25 .2) J
(24.1 -27.0)
1 (25.2 -28.4)
Precipitation frequency (PF) estimates in this table are based on frequency analysis of partial duration series (PDS).
Numbers in parenthesis are PF estimates at lower and upper bounds of the 90% confidence interval. The probability that precipitation frequency estimates (for a
given duration and average recurrence interval) will be greater than the upper bound (or less than the lower bound) is 5 %. Estimates at upper bounds are not
checked against probable maximum precipitation (PMP) estimates and may be higher than currently valid PIMP values.
Please refer to NOAA Atlas 14 document for more information.
Back to Top
PF graphical
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Precipitation Frequency Data Server
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Maps & aerials
NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 2, version 3 Created (GMT): Wed Apr 30 15:23:50 2014
Small scale terrain
Page 2 of 4
Average recurrence
inleNal
(years)
2
25
50
100
200
500
1000
Duration
— 5-min
— 2-day
— 10-min
— 3-day
15-min
— 4-day
— 30-min
— 7 -day
— 60-min
— 10-day
— 2-hr
— 20-day
— 3-hr
— 30-day
— 6-hr
— 45-day
— 12-hr
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— 24-hr
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http://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/pfds printpage.html?lat=35.9760&lon=-78.5137&data... 4/30/2014

Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Page 3 of 4
Large scale terrain
aT
Back to Top
US Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Weather Service
Office of Hydrologic Development
1325 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
http: / /hdsc .nws.noaa.gov /hdsc /pfds /pfds printpage.html ?lat = 35.9760 &lon =- 78.5137 &data... 4/30/2014
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US Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Weather Service
Office of Hydrologic Development
1325 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
http: / /hdsc .nws.noaa.gov /hdsc /pfds /pfds printpage.html ?lat = 35.9760 &lon =- 78.5137 &data... 4/30/2014

Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Questions ?: HDSC.Questions(cDnoaa.gov
Disclaimer
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Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Page 1 of 4
NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 2, Version 3
Location name: Wake Forest, North Carolina, USA
Latitude: 35.9682 °, Longitude: - 78.4986°
Elevation: 289 ft'
* source: Google Maps MR „SF/
POINT PRECIPITATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES
G.M. Bonnin, D. Martin, B. Lin, T. Parzybok, M.Yekta, and D. Riley
NOAA, National Weather Service, Silver Spring, Maryland
PF tabular I PF graphical I Maps & aerials
PF tabular
PDS -based point precipitation frequency estimates with 90% confidence intervals (in inches /hour)'
Average
recurrence interval (years)
Duration
1
0000000000
2
5
10
25
50
100
200
500
1000
F--4.-84-IF
5.63
6.42
7.19
7.97
8.58
9.12
9.60
10.1
10.6
5 -min
(4.44 -5.28)
(5.16 -6.14)
(5.89 -7.00)
(6.59 -7.84)
(7.26 -8.68)
(7.79 -9.35)
(8.23 -9.92)
(8.60 -10.5)
(9.00 -11.0)
(9.34 -11.6)
3.86
4.50
5.14
5.75
6.35
6.83
7.25
7.61
8.00
8.33
10 -min
(3.55 -4.21)
(4.13 -4.91)
(4.72 -5.60)
(5.26 -6.26)
(5.79 -6.92)
(6.20 -7.44)
(6.53 -7.88)
(6.82 -8.30)
(7.12 -8.74)
(7.35 -9.11)
3.22
3.77
4.34
4.85
5.37
5.77
6.11
6.40
6.72
6.97
15 -min
(2.96-3.51)
(3.46 -4.12)
(3.98 -4.72)
(4.44 -5.28)
(4.89 -5.84)
(5.23 -6.28)
(5.51 -6.64)
(5.74 -6.98)
(5.97 -7.33)
(6.15 -7.62 )
2.21
2.60
3.08
3.51
3.98
4.34
4.68
4,98
5.34
5.65
30 -min
(2.03 -2.41)
(2.39 -2.84)
(2.83 -3.36)
(3.22 -3.83)
(3.62 -4.33)
(3.94 -4.73)
(4.22 -5.09)
(4.46 -5.43)
(4.75 -5.83)
(4.98 -6.17)
1.38
1.63
1.98
2.29
2.65
2.94
3.22
3.49
3.83
4.12
60 -min
(1.26 -1.50)
(1.50 -1.78)
(1.81 -2.15)
(2.09 -2.49)
(2.41 -2.88)
(2.67 -3.20)
(2.91 -3.51)
(3.13 -3.81)
(3.41 -4.18 )
( 3.63 -4.50 )
0.804
0.958
1.17
1.37
1.61
1.81
2.01
2.21
2.47
2.70
2 -hr
1(0.732-0.885)1(0.876-1.05)
1 (1.07 -1.28)
1 (1.24 -1.50)
1 (1.45 -1.76)
1 (1.63 -1.98)
1 (1.80 -2.20)
(1.96 -2.41)
(2.17 -2.70)
(2.35 -2.95)
0.568
0.678
0.831
0.979
1.16
1.32
1.48
1.64
1.86
2706
3 -hr
1(0.517-0.628)1(0.619-0.747)1(0.756-0.916)1(0.888-1.08)
1 (1.05 -1.27)
1 (1.18 -1.45)
1 (1.31 -1.62)
1 (1.45 -1.80)
1 (1.62 -2.04)
(1.77 -2.26)
0.342
0.408
0.500
0.591
0.703
0.803
0.903
1.01
1.15
1.28
6 -hr
(0.312 - 0.378)
(0.373 - 0.449)
(0.456 - 0.550)
(0.537 - 0.648)
(0.635 - 0.769)
(0.721 - 0.878)
(0.804 - 0.986)
(0.888 -1.10)
1 (1.00 -1.25)
(1.10 -1.40)
0.200
0.239 ---]F-O-.2---]F------]F-O-.4-20-]F-O-.4-83
95
0.350
0.546
0.615
0.708
0.794
12 -hr
(0.184 - 0.221)
(0.220 - 0.262)
(0.270 - 0.323)
(0.320 - 0.383)
(0.381 - 0.458)
(0.434 - 0.525)
(0.487 - 0.593)
(0.541 - 0.666)
(0.614 - 0.768)
(0.678 - 0.862)
0.119
0.144
0.180
0.209
0.248
0.279
0.311
0.343 IF
0.388
0.422
24 -hr
(0.111 - 0.128)
(0.134 - 0.155)
(0.168 - 0.194)
(0.195 - 0.224)
(0.230 - 0.266)
(0.258 - 0.299)
(0.287 - 0.333)
(0.316 - 0.369)
(0.355 - 0.417)
(0.385 - 0.455)
0.069
0.083
0.104
0.119
0.141
0.158
0.175
0.193
0.217
0.236
2 -day
(0.065 - 0.074)
(0.078 - 0.090)
(0.097 - 0.111)
(0.111 - 0.128)
(0.131 - 0.151)
(0.146 - 0.170)
(0.162 - 0.188)
(0.177 - 0.207)
(0.198 - 0.234)
(0.215 - 0.255)
0.049
0.059
0.073
0.084
0.099
0.110
0.122
0.135
0.152
0.165
3 -day
(0.046 - 0.052)
(0.055 - 0.063)
(0.068 - 0.078)
(0.078 - 0.090)
(0.092 - 0.106)
(0.102 - 0.118)
(0.113 - 0.131)
(0.124 - 0.145)
(0.139 - 0.163)
(0.150 - 0.177)
0.039
0.046
0.057
0.066
0.077
0.087
0.096
0.106
0.119
0.129
4 -day
(0.036 - 0.041)
(0.043 - 0.050)
(0.054 - 0.061)
(0.061 - 0.070)
(0.072 - 0.083)
(0.080 - 0.093)
(0.089 - 0.103)
(0.097 - 0.113)
(0.109 - 0.127)
(0.118 - 0.139)
0.026
0.031
0.037
0.043
0.050
0.055
0.061
0.067
0.075
0.082
7 -day
(0.024 - 0.027)
(0.029 - 0.033)
(0.035 - 0.040)
(0.040 - 0.045)
(0.046 - 0.053)
(0.052 - 0.059)
(0.057 - 0.065)
(0.062 - 0.072)
(0.069 - 0.081)
(0.075 - 0.088)
0.020
0.024
0.029
0.033
0.038
0.042
0.046
0.051
0.056
0.061
10 -day
(0.019 -0022)
(0.023 - 0.026)
(0.027 - 0.031)
(0.031 - 0.035)
(0.036 - 0.041)
(0.039 - 0.045)
(0.043 - 0.050)
(0.047 - 0.054)
(0.052 - 0.060)
(0.056 - 0.065)
0.014
0.016
0.019
0.021
0.025
0.027
0.030
0.032
0.036
0.038
20 -day
(0.013 - 0.015)
(0.015 - 0.017)
(0.018 - 0.020)
(0.020 - 0.023)
(0.023 - 0.026)
(0.025 - 0.029)
(0.028 - 0.031)
(0.030 - 0.034)
(0.033 - 0.038)
(0.035 - 0.041)
0.011
0.013
0.016
0.017
0.019
0.021
0.023
0.025
0.027
0.028
30 -day
(0.011 - 0.012)
(0.013 - 0.014)
(0.015 - 0.016)
(0.016 - 0.018)
(0.018 - 0.021)
(0.020 - 0.022)
(0.021 - 0.024)
(0.023 - 0.026)
(0.025 - 0.029)
(0.026 - 0.030)
0.010
0.011
0.013
0.014
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.021
0.022
45 -day
(0.009 - 0.010)
(0.011 - 0.012)
(0.012 - 0.014)
(0.013 - 0.015)
(0.015 - 0.017)
(0.016 - 0.018)
(0.017 - 0.019)
(0.018 - 0.021)
(0.020 - 0.022)
(0.021 - 0.024)
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
60 -day
(0.008- 0.009)
(0.010- 0.011)
(0.011- 0.012)
(0.012- 0.013)
(0.013- 0.014)
(0.014- 0.016)
(0.015- 0.017)
(0.016- 0.018)
(0.017- 0.019)
(0.018 - 0.020)
Precipitation frequency (PF) estimates in this table are based on frequency analysis of partial duration series (PDS).
Numbers in parenthesis are PF estimates at lower and upper bounds of the 90% confidence interval. The probability that precipitation frequency estimates (for a
given duration and average recurrence interval) will be greater than the upper bound (or less than the lower bound) is 5 %. Estimates at upper bounds are not
checked against probable maximum precipitation (PMP) estimates and may be higher than currently valid PIMP values.
Please refer to NOAA Atlas 14 document for more information.
Back to Top
PF graphical
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Precipitation Frequency Data Server
101,11146141
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Page 2 of 4
Average recurrence
lnleNal
(years)
2
— s
— 10
25
50
100
200
500
1000
Duration
— 5-min
— 2 -day
— 10-run
— 3-day
15-min
— 4-day
— 30-min
— 7 -day
— 60-milin
— 10-day
10 -000
— 20-day
— 3-hr
— 30-day
— 6-hr
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— .
— 60 -day
— 24-hr
i
1.000
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Page 2 of 4
Average recurrence
lnleNal
(years)
2
— s
— 10
25
50
100
200
500
1000
Duration
— 5-min
— 2 -day
— 10-run
— 3-day
15-min
— 4-day
— 30-min
— 7 -day
— 60-milin
— 10-day
— 2-hr
— 20-day
— 3-hr
— 30-day
— 6-hr
— 45-day
— 12-hr
— 60 -day
— 24-hr
1 2 5 10 25 50 100 200 500 1000
ack to To
Average recurrence intenraV yea s
Maps & aerials
NOAH Atlas 14, Volume 2. 'Version 3 Crated (GMT): Wed Apr 30 15 :29:54 2014
Small scale terrain
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Carolina Garner
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Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Page 3 of 4
Large scale terrain
Back to Top
US Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Weather Service
Office of Hydrologic Development
1325 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
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US Department of Commerce
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Weather Service
Office of Hydrologic Development
1325 East West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
http: / /hdsc .nws.noaa.gov /hdsc /pfds /pfds printpage.html ?lat = 35.9682 &lon =- 78.4986 &data... 4/30/2014

Precipitation Frequency Data Server
Questions ?: HDSC.Questions(cDnoaa.gov
Disclaimer
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STEWART
Project: Austin Creek
Project No: C13117
Description:
General Parameters:
Reference Docs:
Permitting:
Design considerations:
Phase 2 Wet Pond
Date: 4.23.2014 Revision: -
Bv: LAP

rt)

romqwu
STEWART
Project:
Proiect No:
Drainage Area 1
Input values in red
Austin Creek
C13117
Forebay Bottom Elev =
Forebay Berm Elev =
Main Pond Bottom Elev =
Bottom Of Veg. Shelf Elev =
Normal Pool Elev =
Top Of Veg. Shelf Elev =
Top of Dam Elev =
Forebav Volume
Date: 4.23.2014
Bv: LAP
270 ft
274 ft
268 ft
274 ft
274.5 ft
275 ft
280 ft
Contour
(ft)
Area
(ft2)
Incr
Vol
(ft3)
Accum
Vol
(ft3)
270
1950
0
0
271
2516
2233
2233
272
3137
2826
5059
273
3814
3475
8534
274
4548
4181
12715
271
7455
6975
26104
272
8474
7965
34068
273
9549
9012
43080
274
10680
10115
53194
Pond Volume
Contour
(ft)
Area
(ft2)
Incr
Vol
(ft3)
Accum
Vol
(ft3)
266
3213
0
0
267
1 3948
3580
3580
268
4740
4344
7924
269
5588
5164
13088
270
6494
6041
19129
271
7455
6975
26104
272
8474
7965
34068
273
9549
9012
43080
274
10680
10115
53194
Forebay Vol (NP) = 12715 cf
Total Vol (NP)= 65909 cf
Revision -
Volume above Normal Pool
Contour
(ft)
Area
(ft2)
Incr
Vol
(ft3)
Accum
Vol
(ft3)
274.5
21910
0
0
275
24978
11722
11722
276
26893
25936
37658
277
28866
27880
65537
278
30894
29880
95417
279
3280
17087
112504
Average Depth of Permanent pool to use
in the SA DA tables ft
Vperm-pool =
65909 cf
Aperm_pool =
21910 sf
Abot_shelf =
3374 sf
Abot_ pond =
3213 sf
Depth =
6 ft
Option 1: day =
3.01 ft
Option 2: day =
6.14 ft
Forebay equals 19.3% of total volur"FAYETTEVILLE ST. SUITE 400 RALEIGH, NC 27603 T 919.380.8750 F 919.380.8752

STEWART
Project: Austin Creek Date: 4.23.2014 Revision: -
Project No: C13117 By: LAP
Wet Detention Pond Sizing Calculations (90% TSS Removal)
Drainage Area 1
Input values in red
Drainage
On -site Streets (sf)
Total Drainage Area (sf)
961,805
On -site Draina a Area (sf)
1 961,805
Off -site Drainage Area (sf)
1 0
Impervious Surface Area
On -site Buildings/Lots (sf) 2091031
On -site Streets (sf)
8,374
On -site Parkin (sf)
0
On -site Sidewalks (sf)
15,350
Other On -site (sf)
0
Future (sf)
0
Off -site (sf)
0
Existing BUA* (sf)
0
Total Impervious Area (sf)
1232,755
Pervious Surface Area
Required Storage for 1st inch of runoff
Total Drainage Area = 22.08 ac
Simple Method
Managed Pervious Area (sf)
950,872
Unman ed Pervious Area (pasture) (sf)
10,933
Forest (sf)
0
Total Pervious Area (sf)
729,050
* = Report only amount of existing BUA that will remain after development. Do not
report any existing BUA that is to be removed and which will be replaced by new
BUA
Required Surface Area
Required Storage for 1st inch of runoff
Total Drainage Area = 22.08 ac
Simple Method
Total Impervious Area = 5.34 ac
Percent Impervious = 24.20%
Rv = 0.05 + 0.009(I)
Design Rainfall Depth = 1 in
I I = % impervious = 24%
Average Perm. Pool Depth = 4.50 ft
Max. Perm. Pool Depth = 8.5 ft
SA /DA Ratio = 1.25
Rv = 0.27 in
Surface Area Required = 12023 sf
Volume= 21464 cf
= 0.28 ac
Calculation Methods are taken from DEHNR Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, Latest Version
Surface Area Required at PWmal Pool 12,023 sf
Surface Area Provided at Normal Poole iw 21,910 sf
Temporary Storage Volume Required = M 21,464 cf
STRONGER BY DESIGN 421 FAYETTEVILLE ST. SUITE 400 RALEIGH. NC 27603 T 919.380.8750 F 919.380.8752

F""w;J
STEWART
Project:
Protect No:
Drainage Area 1
Input values in red
Austin Creek Date: 4.23.2014
C13117 Bv: LAP
Revision:
Contour
(ft)
Area
(ft2)
Incr
Vol
(ft3)
Accum
Vol
(ft3)
Stage
Z
(ft)
In S
In Z
Zest
274.5
21910
0
0
0
275
24978
1 11722
11722
0.5
9.369
-0.693
0.494
276
26893
25936
37658
1.5
10.536
0.405
1.504
277
28866
27880
65537
2.5
11.090
0.916
2.550
278
30894
29880
95417
3.5
11.466
1.253
3.649
279
3280
17087
112504
4.5
11.631
1.504
4.269
b = 1.05
Ks = 24545
STRONGER BY DESIGN 421 FAYETTEVILLE ST. SUITE 400 RALEIGH, NC 27603 T 919.380.8750 F 919.380.8752

r�;
STEART
Project:
Proiect No:
Drainage Area 1
Input values in red
Austin Creek
C13117
Date: 4.23.2014
Bv: LAP
Revision -
Storage Volume Required (Simple Method)
Basin Characteristics
Total Drainage Area = 22.08 ac
Pond Invert =
266.00 ft
Total Impervious Area = 5.34331 ac
Normal Pool Elevation =
274.50 ft
Percent Impervious = 24%
Next available Outlet =
275.50 ft
Storage Depth =
1.00 ft
Rv = 0.05 + 0.009(I)
Driving Head (H /3)=
0.33 ft
I = % impervious = 24%
Ks =
24545
Rv = 0.27 in
b=
1.05
Minimum depth
Runoff Vol. Req'= 21464 cf
required for storage =
0.88 ft
Temporary Storage Volume = 24545 cf
Temporary Storage Surface Area = 25748 sf
Find orifice size for 2 -day drawdown time
Flow Rate = Volume (cf) / Time (sec)
0.1420 cfs
Q= Cp *A *(2 *g *h) ^(1/2) (Orifice Equation - solve for A (area))
A= 0.05110 ft2
7.35779 in
Orifice Size (2 day) = 3.06 in (dia)
Find orifice size for 5 -day drawdown time
Flow Rate = Volume (cf) / Time (sec)
0.0497 cfs
Q= Cp *A *(2 *g *h) ^(1/2) (Orifice Equation - solve for A (area))
A= 0.01787 ft2
2.57370 in
Orifice Size (5 day) = 1.81 in (dia)
orifice size between 2 and 5 day size
Actual Drawdown Time
Volume = 24545 cf
Pipe Size = 2 "dia
Area = 0.02182 ft2
Flow Rate = 0.06065 cfs

S
STEWART
Site Data Analysis - Nitrogen Calculations
(Based upon total Parcel Area + Right of Way)
Existing Conditions
Protected Open
2.75 ac
Managed Open
27.15 ac
Impervious
0.00 ac
Total Project Area
29.90 ac
Proposed Conditions
Protected Open
2.75 ac
Managed Open
20.01 ac
Impervious
7.14 ac
Total Project Area
29.90 ac
Parcel
impervious
29.9
houses
4.7987
road
1.925
sidwal k
0.3524
greenway pavement
0.06
total
7.1361

STEWART
Total Nitrogen Export
(Using Apportioning Method)
Project: NEROF - Spottswood Site
Number: C11010
Date: 27- Oct -11
Total Parcel Area =
29.90 ac
Existing Imperious Area =
0.00 ac
Existing Open Space =
29.90 ac
Additional Proposed Impervious Area =
7.14 ac
Total Proposed Impervious Area =
7.14 ac
Remaining Open Space =
22.76 ac
"area" of new development = 29.9000 ac
Apportioned open space = 22.7600 ac
Proposed Nitrogen Load = 178.680 Ib /yr
(Add. Prop imp + apprortioned open space)
(ex. imp /prop. Imp *remaining open space)
[(Add. prop imp *21.2) +(app. open space *1.2)]
"area" of new development
Total Proposed Nitrogen Export = 5.98 Ib /ac /yr (Prop. Nitrogen Load / "area" of new develop.)
for "area" of new development
Total Prop. Nitrogen Export for "area" of new development with Treatment
temoval by BMP
)rainage area to BMP 22.08 ac
ffective removal rate 30%
Prnnosed Nitrnaen Fxnort with Treatment
I otal Area = 29.guu
124.126
Proposed Nitrogen Load =
Total
TN Export
Treatment TN Export
Prop. Nitrogen Load with treatment =
Area
Total Proposed Nitrogen Export =
Amount Reduced
for "area" of new development
(ac)
(Ibs /yr)
Ibs /yr (Ibs /yr)
To BMP
22.080
176.345
52.904 123.442
Remaining Site
7.820
0.685
0.000 0.685
I otal Area = 29.guu
124.126
Proposed Nitrogen Load =
178.680 Ib /yr
Total Nitrogen removed by BMP =
52.904 Ib /yr
Prop. Nitrogen Load with treatment =
125.7764 Ib /yr
Total Proposed Nitrogen Export =
4.21 Ib /ac /yr
for "area" of new development
with treatment
Buydown Payment Calculation
Nitrogen Limit = 3.6 Ibs /ac /yr
Total Parcel Area = 29.90 ac
Total Nitrogen Export = 4.21 Ibs /ac /yr
Payment = $850.50 ac /Ibs
Payment = $15,424.99 -

Inside Dimensions
Width
5.00
ft
Length
5.00
ft
Heigth
4.00
ft
Wall Thickness
0.50
ft
Bottom Thickness
0.50
ft
Slab Len
7.00 ft
Slab Wid
7.00
ft
Slab Thic
2.00
ft
Top Thick
0.50 ft
Top Grate wid
5.00
ft
Top Grate len
5.00
ft
Wiser
144.00 cf
Vbrick
44.00 cf
Vconc
12.50 cf
Vslab
98.00 cf
Vtop
0.00 cf
Fb 8,985.60 lb
Factor of Safety 1.50
Fw must > 13,478.40 lb
Fsubmerged solids 13,534.20 lb
RISER IS: OK

STEWART
RIPRAP OUTLET PROTECTION WORKSHEET
Project AUSTIN CREEK
Project No.
C13117
Thickness
Outlet ID
SYSTEM OUTLET TO POND
Outlet flowrate
66.77
cfs CFS
Pipe diameter
42
inches 10 YR 60.11
Outlet pipe slope
1
percent 25 YR 66.42
Full flow velocity
6.9
ft/sec
Date 25- Apr -14
Designer LAP
Figure 8.06.b.1
25
Zone
20
u
15
w
Lam'
'u
d
10 - -
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pipe diameter (ft)
Zone from graph above =
2
Thickness
Length Width
Outlet pipe diameter
42 in.
Length =
21.0 ft.
Outlet flowrate
66.8 cfs
Width =
10.5 ft.
Outlet velocity
6.9 ft /sec
Stone diameter =
6 in.
Material =
Class B
Thickness =
22 in.
Zone
Material Diameter
Thickness
Length Width
1
Class A 1 3
9
4 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
2
Class B
6
22
6 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
3
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
4
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
5
Class H
23
27
10 x D(o)
j 3 x D(o)
6
Class 11
23
27
10 x D(o)
1 3 x D(o)
7
Special study required
Calculations based on NY DOT method - Pages 8.06.05 through 8.06.06 in NC Erosion Control Manual
421 Fayetteville Street, Suite 400, Raleigh, NC 27601 Tel [phone] Fax [phone] www.stewart- eng.com

STEWART
RIPRAP OUTLET PROTECTION WORKSHEET
Project AUSTIN CREEK
Project No.
C13117
Thickness I Length Width
Outlet ID
WET POND OUTLET
24 in.
Outlet flowrate
32.03
cfs
Pipe diameter
24
inches
Outlet pipe slope
1.03
percent
Full flow velocity
10.2
ft/sec
Thickness=
CFS
10 YR 32.03
25 YR 63.41
Date 25- Apr -14
Designer LAP
Figure 8.06.b.1
25
Zone
20
u
15
w
Lam'
u
d
10 - -
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pipe diameter (ft)
Zone from graph above =
2
Thickness I Length Width
1
Outlet pipe diameter
24 in.
Length =
12.0 ft.
Outlet flowrate
32.0 cfs
Width =
6.0 ft.
Outlet velocity
10.2 ft /sec
Stone diameter =
6 in.
Material =
Class B
Thickness=
22 in.
Zone
Material Diameter
Thickness I Length Width
1
Class A
1 3
9 4 x D(o) 3 x D(o)
2
Class B
6
22
6 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
3
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
4
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
5
Class H
23
27
10 x D(o)
j 3 x D(o)
6
Class 11
23
27
10 x D(o)
1 3 x D(o)
7
Special study required
Calculations based on NY DOT method - Pages 8.06.05 through 8.06.06 in NC Erosion Control Manual
421 Fayetteville Street, Suite 400, Raleigh, NC 27601 Tel [phone] Fax [phone] www.stewart- eng.com

STEWART
RIPRAP OUTLET PROTECTION WORKSHEET
Project AUSTIN CREEK
Project No.
C13117
Thickness I Length Width
Outlet ID
SPILLWAY
30 in.
Length =
25.0 ft.
Outlet flowrate
99.3
cfs
Pipe diameter
30
inches
Outlet pipe slope
33.3
percent
Full flow velocity
20.2
ft/sec
Class I
CFS
10 YR 32.03
25 YR 63.41
Date 25- Apr -14
Designer LAP
Figure 8.06.b.1
25
Zone
20
u
15
w
Lam'
u
° 10 - -
v
5
Some
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pipe diameter (ft)
Zone from graph above =
6
Thickness I Length Width
1
Outlet pipe diameter
30 in.
Length =
25.0 ft.
Outlet flowrate
99.3 cfs
Width =
7.5 ft.
Outlet velocity
20.2 ft /sec
Stone diameter =
23 in.
Material =
Class H
Thickness =
27 in.
Zone
Material Diameter
Thickness I Length Width
1
Class A
1 3
9 4 x D(o) 3 x D(o)
2
Class B
6
22
6 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
3
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
4
Class I
13
22
8 x D(o)
3 x D(o)
5
Class H
23
27
10 x D(o)
j 3 x D(o)
6
Class 11
23
27
10 x D(o)
1 3 x D(o)
7
Special study required
Calculations based on NY DOT method - Pages 8.06.05 through 8.06.06 in NC Erosion Control Manual
421 Fayetteville Street, Suite 400, Raleigh, NC 27601 Tel [phone] Fax [phone] www.stewart- eng.com