20190397_RE R-2566 Merger Re-Screening Meeting_20140708

Strickland, Bev
From:
Teresa.Gresham @kimley - horn.com
Sent:
Tuesday, July 08, 2014 12:25 PM
To:
Vance, Elmo E; Conforti, John G; andrew.e.williams2 @usace.army.mil; Wanucha, Dave;
michael.batuzich @ dot.gov; joseph.geigle @dot.gov; Moore, Jason; Beaver, G Trent;
Pettyjohn, Michael A; Dilday, Jason L; Wallace, Heather L; Dagnino, Carla S
Cc:
Harris, Jennifer; Tyson, Jeanie; Calhoun, Sherri E; Turchy, Michael A
Subject:
RE: R -2566 Merger Re- Screening Meeting
Attachments:
R -2566 Merger Screening Maps 7- 8- 14.pdf, R -2566 Merger Screening Information
7- 7- 14.docx; Scoping Packet (PN) Merger Team Meeting R -2566 072610.doc; R -2566
CP2 Packet 2- 29- 12.pdf
If you are planning to call in, attached above is the revised handout that we will be distributing at this afternoon's meeting.
The handout has been expanded to provide additional information based on Andy's email dated 7/1/14.
The table on page 5 also has been revised to reflect more accurate stream information.
I have also attached the Scoping /CP 1 and CP 2 Merger packets, for the benefit of new project team members who may
not have copies in their files.
Finally, I have attached a PDF with two 36x44 maps that we will be displaying at today's meeting. These maps (the first
shows the entire R -2566 corridor, the second shows Section B only) show the potential impact corridor and delineated
streams and wetlands.
Thank you,
Teresa
From: Gresham, Teresa
Sent: Monday, July 07, 2014 9:54 PM
To: 'Gresham, Teresa R'; Vance, Elmo E; Conforti, John G; andrew .e.williams2(a)usace.army.mil; Wanucha, Dave;
michael.batuzich(a)dot.gov; joseph.geigle(a)dot.gov; Moore, Jason; 'tbeaver @ncdot.gov'; 'mpettyjohn @ncdot.gov';
'jldilday @ncdot.gov'; 'hlwaIlace @ncdot.gov'; 'cdagnino @ncdot.gov'
Cc: Harris, Jennifer; Tyson, Jeanie; Calhoun, Sherri E; Turchy, Michael A; Hardy, Tad
Subject: RE: R -2566 Merger Re- Screening Meeting
If you will be joining by phone, please use the following information:
Call: 919 - 238 -4499
Conference ID: 6446906
- - - -- Original Appointment---- -
From: Gresham, Teresa R [mailto:trgresham(a)ncdot.gov]
i

Sent: Wednesday, June 18, 2014 4:48 PM
To: Gresham, Teresa R; Vance, Elmo E; Conforti, John G; andrew .e.williams2(a)usace.army.mil; Wanucha, Dave;
michael.batuzich(a)dot.gov; joseph.Qeiale(a)dot.QOV; Moore, Jason
Cc: Harris, Jennifer; Tyson, Jeanie; Calhoun, Sherri E; Turchy, Michael A; Gresham, Teresa; Hardy, Tad
Subject: R -2566 Merger Re- Screening Meeting
When: Tuesday, July 08, 2014 1:30 PM -3:00 PM (UTC- 05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada).
Where: DOT PDEA CCB Large Conf Room (Cap. 32)
When: Tuesday, July 08, 2014 1:30 PM -3:00 PM. (UTC- 05:00) Eastern Time (US
& Canada)
Where: DOT PDEA CCB Large Conf Room (Cap. 32)
*ti *ti *ti *ti *ti *ti *ti *ti *ti*
Attached is information for your review in anticipation of our (rescheduVed) R -2566 Merger Re- Screening meeting.
We would like to meet with the Merger Screening Team to re- evaluate the need for Project R -2566 to be in Merger. The
project was initially included in Merger in 2009/2010. At that time, the project limits were from US 221 in Linville to NC
105 Bypass in Boone (14.6 miles).
In 2012, NCDOT proposed to only move forward with Section B, from Clarks Creek Road in Foscoe to NC 105 Bypass in
Boone (5.5 miles). With the new project limits, NCDOT would like to determine if the project should remain in the Merger
process.
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Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
Scoping Information Sheet
TIP No.: R -2566B Date: 6/18/14
WBS No.: 37512.1.1.1 Meeting Date: 6/19/14
Division: 11 County: Avery/Watauga
Project Description:
Improve 5.5 miles of NC 105 from Clarks Creek Road (SR 1136) in Foscoe to the NC 105
Bypass (SR 1107) in Boone.
General Project Need:
Congestion: Several intersections on NC 105 between Foscoe and Boone are anticipated
to operate at level of service (LOS) E and F in the design year (2040).
Safety: Historically (2003 — 2013), crash types and rates on NC 105 between Foscoe and
Boone have indicated a pattern of crashes related to terrain and geometry. As traffic
volumes have increased, crash rates have increased at a disproportionately high rate,
and have exceeded the critical crash rate in the past.
Proposed Project Purpose:
Congestion: The purpose of the project is to reduce congestion on NC 105 in order to
achieve LOS D or better in the design year (2040) during the average highest week day.
A secondary purpose is to achieve LOS E or better in the design year during the average
highest weekend day.
Safety: A secondary purpose is to address patterns of correctable crashes on NC 105
that has historically been observed on NC 105 between Foscoe and Boone.
Traffic Volumes:
The original project -level traffic forecast was completed in 2005. A revised traffic
forecast was completed in May 2012. The projected future traffic volumes decreased
along NC 105, as summarized below:
PAGE 1 OF 8
2030 Projected
2040 Projected
Section
Volumes (2005 Traffic
Volumes (2012 Traffic
Forecast)
Forecast)
A (US 221 to Clarks Creek Road)
22,000 to 27,100
9,900 to 13,300
B (Clarks Creek Road to NC 105
27,700 to 37,100
13,800 to 18,300
Bypass)
PAGE 1 OF 8

Logical Termini:
The original termini of Project R -2566 were from US 221 in Linville to NC 105 Bypass in
Boone. Because Section A is not funded, and because Section A does not have
projected congestion concerns, NCDOT recommends only moving forward with Section
B at this time.
The intersection of NC 105 with NC 105 Bypass is currently the northeastern project
termini. This is logical for the following reasons:
• There is a notable traffic drop at this intersection, with a difference of
approximately 10,000 vehicles per day east of the intersection compared with
west of the intersection.
• The NC 105 Bypass provides a direct connection to US 421, bypassing Boone.
The following locations were considered as potential logical termini on the southwestern
end of the project:
• Broadstone Road
• Old Shull's Mill Road
• Shull's Mill Road
• Clark's Creek Road /Calloway Road
• Seven Devil's Road
• N C 184
The following items were considered in determining logical termini:
• Existing (2012) traffic volumes from the May 2012 Traffic Forecast Report
• Level of service for each analyzed intersection
• Location of speed limit changes
• Location of passing lanes
• Municipal and county boundaries, community locations
• Major destinations on NC 105 and along Y -lines
• Existing project limits, including break between Section A and Section B
Clark's Creek Road is recommended as the southwestern project termini. Clark's Creek
Road is approximately 1.1 miles southwest of Shull's Mill Road. It was the original
division point between Section A and Section B. It is recommended as the project
termini for the following reasons:
• Clark's Creek Road provides an indirect connection to NC 194.
• Clark's Creek Road and Calloway Road (375 feet apart) are the eastern edge of
the more developed Foscoe community.
• Combining Clark's Creek Road and Calloway Road, there is a drop of
approximately 9,000 vehicles per day (in the 2040 design year) between the east
side of the intersections and the west side.
PAGE 2OF8

Metropolitan / Rural Planning Organization Area:
NEPA/404 Merger Candidate ?: ® Yes ❑
Feasibility Study Completed ?: ❑ Yes
High Country RPO
No ❑ Not sure
No Date
Type of Environmental Documents to be Prepared / Project Schedule:
Dates: Type of Document:
Environmental Document: December 2015 EA
Fall 2016 FONSI
Right of Way: FY 2015* Section B Only
Let: FY 2018* Section B Only
( *) Dates are tentative
and subject to change.
History:
Concurrence Point 1 for Project R -2566 was signed on August 17, 2010. At that time,
the purpose was "to reduce congestion by improving the level of service along the NC
105 corridor from US 221 in Avery County to SR 1107 in Boone."
On March 14, 2012, the Merger Team met for Concurrence Point 2. At that time,
NCDOT proposed to carry forward one "best -fit" widening alternative for a four -lane
section with a variable -width median (depending on physical constraints, location of
natural resources, speed limits, and required turn lanes). The typical section included a
23 -foot raised grass median, narrowing to a 4 -foot concrete median in some areas. At
that meeting, NCDOT proposed only moving forward with Section B of the project, since
Section A was not funded.
At the March 2012 meeting, the Merger Team agreed with shortening the project limits,
but did not sign the CP 2 concurrence form since the limits were different from the
approved CP 1 form. The Team requested additional information on logical termini.
PAGE 3OF8

Design Criteria:
Length of Project Limits: I Section B is 5.5 miles in length
Type of Access Control:
(Existing / Proposed)
Structure Inventory:
Functional
Classification:
Existing: None
Proposed: Partial
C337, Bridge No. 5 over Watauga River
Other Principal Arterial
Strategic Highway Corridor
Information:
CTP /Thoroughfare Plan
Designation (Facility Type):
Roadway Typical
Section:
(Existing / Proposed)
N/A
N/A
Existing: Two lane undivided
Proposed: Variable
Typical Section in Compliance with Conformity Determination:
® Yes ❑ No
Right of Way:
(Existing / Proposed)
Existing Posted
Speed:
Traffic (AADT):
Current Year:
Design Year:
Existing: Variable
Proposed: Variable
45 -55 Proposed Design
Speed:
(2012)
10,800
— 14,300
(2040)
13,800
— 18,300
45 -55
% TTST: 2%
• Dual: 4%
• DHV: 55%
Design Standards Applicable: AASHTO 3R
Railroad Involvement:
N/A
Cost Estimate: Construction: Right of Way: Total Cost:
TIP Only) te1
B
(Section B Onl 477800,000 1,000,000 40,000,000
Current Estimate:
'Project costs in thousands of dollars
PAGE 4OF8

Resource/Affected Environment & Measure Applicability/Resources in Study Area*
General Project Information
Length of project (approximate in miles)
5.5 Miles
8 — Major Intersections: NC 105 Bypass, Baird's Creek Rd,
Broadstone Rd, Old Shull's Mill Rd, Shull's Mill Rd,
Crossing or Intersecting ( #)
Twin Rivers Dr, Calloway Rd, Clarks Creek Rd
0 — RR Crossings; Multiple driveways
Cultural Resources
2 — Determined Eligible: Ed & Falah Hollars House
NRHP (and eligible sites, districts, other properties) ( #)
Prout- Atkins House
Human Environment
Local Landmark: The Ham Shoppe; Foscoe Fire Department
Community Resources ( #)
Other: Vulcan Quarry, Flintrock Campground
Public Parks /Section 4(f) Properties ( #)
N/A
Greenways, Game Lands, Land and Water Conservation
N/A
Fund Properties, etc. ( #)
N/A
Residential Properties (# potentially affected)
TBD. Residences are located adjacent to existing roadway.
Business Properties (# potentially affected)
TBD. Businesses are located adjacent to existing roadway.
None. Review of 2010 Census data and 2011 American
High % Special Populations (Low- income, Minority)
Community Survey data (Census Block Group level) did
not identify a notable presence of minority, Hispanic , or low
income populations near the project corridor
Natural Environment
Laurel Fork, Watauga River, Big Branch Creek and other
unnamed tributaries
Streams (# of stream crossings, est. linear feet impacted)
Approximately 4,000 linear feet of streams impacted
via 51 delineated crossings
Wetlands (est. acres impacted)
Approximately 0.8 acres of wetlands impacted
Critical Water Supply Watersheds
None
No. Portion of project within Catawba River Basin
Riparian Buffer Rules apply
however, riparian buffer protection program
Rule 15A NCAC 02B.0243 does not apply.
Identified Critical Habitat/ESA Spp. (# known)
Virginia big -eared bat (notably along Section A)
Physical Environment
Hazardous Materials (# suspected /known sites)
TBD
YES. Location and type TBD. Power line easements
Utilities
are located throughout project corridor.
No water or sewer lines.
Active agriculture (Voluntary Agricultural District)
No VADs or EVADs in study area
TBD. Noise sensitive receptors in study area
Noise Impacts
(residences, churches, etc.).
FEMA Buyout Properties 0 known
Based on 4 -lane widening with 23 -foot median
PAGE 5OF8

Responses to July 1, 2014 Questions
1. The Merger Screening Process indicates the following for New Location and Widening Projects: Projects will be
placed in the Merger 01 Process if an individual permit is likely or if a regional or nationwide permit is likely and the
projects total direct impacts are > 1 acre of wetland or > 500 If of stream, then the FHWA, NCDENR, USACE and
NCDOT will consult prior to scheduling CP 1 to determine if the project should be placed in Merger. My assumption is
that a determination was made prior to CP 1 regarding whether or not the project should be in Merger. Also, at this
time we do not have an estimate of proposed jurisdictional impacts. So, given this information, I would not recommend
removing this project from the Merger process.
Response: This project is anticipated to exceed the threshold of stream impacts (current estimate is approximately
4,000 linear feet) but is not anticipated to exceed the threshold of wetland impacts (current estimate is approximately
0.8 acres of wetlands). Impacts are based on widening the 5.5 -mile corridor to four lanes with a 23 -foot median.
2. Regarding impacts, the scoping information sheet indicates there are 3 named stream crossings and 16 unnamed
stream crossings. GIS information available to the USACE (NC Surface Waters layer, see attached) indicates there are
approximately 40 potential stream crossings. Additionally, our database does not indicate that a jurisdictional
determination has been completed for this project.
Response: This has been revised. The 19 crossings were based on GIS shapefile data, and have been changed to
reflect the USACE data.
3. GIS information available to the USACE indicates there are a number of historic properties located in close proximity
to the proposed project boundary (see attached map).
Response: The table on page 5 lists the two NRHP listed or eligible properties along the corridor. The map provided
also shows a number of State Listed properties, which are not given the same protection.
4. The General Project Need section of the Scoping Information sheet states, under the sub - heading Congestion, that,
several intersection on NC 105 between Foscoe and Boone are anticipated to operate at level of service E and F in the
design year 2040. Is this still a correct statement given the updated projected volumes?
Response: Yes, those analysis results are based on updated volumes.
5. The General Project Need section of the Scoping Information sheet states, under the sub - heading Safety, that,
crash rates have increased at a disproportionately high rate. Is this compared to other intersections along this road,
within the county or within the state?
Response: Crash rates have increased at a non - linear rate compared with increases in traffic volumes.
6. Do the new projected traffic volumes for Section B of this project, still support the purpose and need?
Response: Yes, they support the proposed purpose and need, which is different from the original purpose and need.
7. NCDOT states that the Level of Service for each analyzed intersection was considered in determining the logical
termini. However, there is no discussion of Level of Service under the section where Clark's Creek Road is
recommended as the southwestern project termini.
Response: A table of level of service and delay for each intersection is attached.
8. Under the History section, NCDOT indicates that they proposed to carry forward one best fit widening alternative for
a four lane section with a variable width median. Did the Merger team previously agree to the number of alternatives to
carry forward? The map provided with the scoping information sheet indicates that a number of the existing intersection
operation at a LOS of A, B, C or D. In previous meetings, was there any discussion of an alternative that only upgraded
intersections operating at LOS E and F?
Response: The Merger Team did not sign the concurrence form for C.P. 2 (Detailed Study Alternatives). However,
only one alternative, to widen to four lanes with a median, has previously been discussed with the Merger Team. The
previous traffic volumes supported widening the entire corridor, and no other alternatives had been considered at that
time.
PAGE 6OF8

Responses to Merger Screening Process Questions
Question 1: Is the project a replace in -place (in existing right -of -way) only bridge project?
ANSWER: If the only alternative under consideration is replace in -place with offsite detour, then no merger should be
needed. If not proceed.
Response: No, it is not a replace in -place project. Proceed.
Question 2: Is an Individual Permit (IP) required from USACE?
ANSWER: If an IP is required, or is likely to be required due to potential project impacts; then the NCDOT Rep. will
consult with USACE, NCDENR, and FHWA to determine if merger is recommended.
Response: Yes, an IP is likely. Although detailed impact numbers are not available, it is anticipated that the stream
impacts will exceed 300 linear feet.
Question 3: Does the project involve potential impacts to or involvement with two or more of the following types of
resources?
Wetlands
Buffer Rules
Water Supply Critical Areas
CAMA — Areas of Environmental Concern
T &E species present
Section 4(f) /Section 106
Environmental Justice
Unusually high level of public controversy
Unusually large number of relocations for project type
Compelling reason[s] to maintain traffic onsite
ANSWER: If so, NCDOT will consult with USACE. NCDENR, and FHWA to determine if merger is recommended.
Response: As summarized in the table on page 5, this project may impact more than two of the above listed
resources, particularly:
• Wetlands (< 1.0 acres)
• T &E species present (Virginia big -eared bat)
• Section 4(f) /Section 106 (two eligible properties adjacent to NC 105)
• Compelling reason[s] to maintain traffic onsite
Guidance for Applicability Determination
The consultation between the FHWA, USACE, NCDOT, and NCDENR should generally be a meeting so that all data
can be reviewed including aerial photography. Phone calls and e -mail may also be appropriate for certain level of
impacts that do not require a detailed review of data. In reviewing the potential impacts of widening and new location
projects, it is important to consider the potential conflict of the important natural resources noted above with project
settings, intensity of impacts and important socio- economic (human) resources such as Environmental Justice
Communities, Section 4(f) properties, and relocations. The need for detailed alternative analysis studies to avoid
impacts to these important resources and evaluate the conflict between resources should determine the basis for
applying the merger process to projects. The NCDOT Project Development Engineer will document the results of this
consultation and provide copies to FHWA and USACE.
PAGE 7OF8

R -2566 (NC 105 Widening)
2040 Forecast
Synchro Intersection Level -of- Service Summary
Condition
AM Peak Hour
LOS (Delay)
PM Peak Hour
LOS (Delay)
NC 105 at NC 105 Bypass (Signalized)
Existing Laneage
C (22.8)
C (32.1)
Four -Lane Widening
B (18.4)
B (16.6)
NC 105 at Vulcan Quarry Driveway (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
WB — F (299.2)
WB — F (145.6)
Four -Lane Widening
WB — F (93.7)
WB — E (43.1)
NC 105 at Baird's Creek Road (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
EB — D (28.7)
EB — E (42.2)
Four -Lane Widening
EB — C (17.9)
EB — C (21.0)
NC 105 at Broadstone Road (Signalized)
Existing Laneage
E (79.0)
F (113.6)
Four -Lane Widening
C (21.9)
B (13.6)
NC 105 at Old Shull's Mill Road (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
WB — C (18.3)
WB — C (15.5)
NC 105 at Shull's Mill Road (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
WB — E (36.4)
WB — E (38.9)
NC 105 at Twin Rivers Drive (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
WB — C (18.6)
WB — C (16.7)
NC 105 at Calloway Road (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
WB — C (19.5)
WB — C (18.6)
NC 105 at Clark's Creek Road (Unsignalized)
Existing Laneage
EB — D (30.2)
EB — D (30.9)
Note: Results in bold indicate Level of Service of E or F.
PAGE 8OF8

Concurrence Point 2
TIP Project No. R -2566
WBS Element 37512.1.1.1
Widening of NC 105 to a multi -lane facility
From US 221 in Linville to SR 1107 in Boone
Avery- Watauga Counties
0
OF TR
March 14, 2012
3:30 p.m.
Structure Design Conference Room
Purpose of Today's Meeting:
The purpose of this meeting is to achieve Concurrence Point 2,
selecting alternatives to study in detail.

1. Project Description and Schedule
The North Carolina Department of Transportation ( NCDOT) proposes to widen NC 105 to a multi -lane
facility from US 221 in Linville to the NC 105 Bypass (SR 1107) in Boone for a total distance of 14.6
miles. The project includes replacing Bridge No. 94005, a 52.5 -foot, five -span bridge over the Watauga
River located at the intersection of NC 105 and Broadstone Road (as shown in Figure 1). This project is
included in the NCDOT 2011 -2020 State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) as TIP Project R
2566.
NCDOT is preparing an Environmental Assessment (EA) for the project, which is currently scheduled for
completion in February 2013. The Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) is scheduled for completion
in August 2014. Right of way acquisition is scheduled to begin in Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 and construction
in FY 2018.
2. Summary of Concurrence Point 1 (Purpose and Need)
The Concurrence Point 1 (CP 1) meeting was held on August 17, 2010, and a copy of the signature form
is attached in the Appendix.
Purpose: The purpose of this project is to reduce congestion by improving the level of service along the
NC 105 corridor from US 221 in Avery County to SR 1107 in Boone.
Need: Currently there are sections of NC 105 that are over capacity, and in the design year the entire
project corridor will be over capacity.
Traffic volumes along the project corridor ranged from 11,000 to 21,000 vehicles per day (vpd) in 2005,
with the highest volumes near Boone. Based on a 2005 traffic forecast, volumes are anticipated to range
from 22,000 to 37,000 vpd in 2030. Trucks make up approximately 8 — 10% of the traffic along the
project corridor. NC 105 is also designated as a US 221 Truck Route and is the suggested route for trucks
to utilize between US 221 in Linville and US 221 in Boone. A new traffic forecast is underway, and will
be completed in May 2012.
A Highway Capacity Software (HCS) preliminary analysis was completed in 2010 and was summarized
in the CP 1 packet. Based on the design year (no- build) capacity analysis, the overall level of service
(LOS) on NC 105 between US 221 and SR 1107 is LOS F, with average travel speeds of 14 miles per
hour (mph) or less. The design year build scenario is expected to operate between LOS C and E, with
average travel speeds of approximately 50 mph. A full traffic capacity analysis will be completed as part
of this project.
Crash data was analyzed for 2001 through 2009. The overall crash rate for 2006 through 2009 was 190.14
crashes per 100 million vehicle miles (MVM), compared with a statewide average of 175.41 crashes per
100 MVM and a critical crash rate of 191.62 crashes per 100 MVM. Rear end and left turn crashes made
up over 51 % of the total crashes, which is indicative of congested conditions on a two lane rural road.
Additional crash data was provided in the CP 1 packet.
3. Proposed Alternative for Detailed Study
Based on the HCS preliminary traffic analysis, a four -lane median - divided section is proposed for the
entire corridor. Because of the physical constraints of the mountain and the rivers, a "best -fit" widening
alternative with a variable typical section is proposed.

The width of the proposed median will vary along the corridor depending on physical constraints, location
of natural resources, speed limits, and required turn lanes. A 23 -foot grass median typical section was
used initially, and a 4 -foot concrete median typical section was later introduced to minimize impacts in
some areas. These two typical sections, shown below, reflect the maximum- and minimum -width median
possible.
Other variations in the typical section will be considered to reduce impacts where feasible. These may
include wider outside lanes for bicycles, sidewalks, and minimization measures such as expressway gutter
and retaining walls.
The proposed design criteria is included in the Appendix.
Maximum Median -Width Typical Section
'
40,
k
x ' S1 O
4' RAISED GRASS —`—J­4 41
L10, .r
MEDIAN
6VA
e
130' MINIMUM
M
S' 14' i —la• 12 14• 8�-#
CONC.
MEDIAN
57. S'
Other considerations suggested by federal, state, and local agencies include:
• Adding sidewalks within Foscoe
• Adding safe pedestrian crossings at the following locations:
• NC 184 intersection at Sugar Mountain
• SR 1007 intersection in Boone
• US 221 intersection in Linville
• Seven Devils
• Consider a context sensitive design near Grandfather Mountain
• Providing public access to the Watauga River, in particular where the river crosses under NC 105
• Using wildlife crossings at various locations to avoid habitat fragmentation

4. Potential Impacts
This project will reduce traffic congestion and improve travel time along NC 105. Below is a list of the
potential effects of the project:
Improvements to NC 105:
o Easier to pass slower traffic
o Improved operations and fewer traffic delays for residents, businesses, and tourists
o Wider road to more safely accommodate vehicles and bicycles
o New pedestrian crossings
o Faster EMS/Fire Department response
Other Effects:
o Right -of -way acquisition and relocation of some businesses and residences
o Driveway access changes
o Utility relocations
o Historic properties, streams and wetlands, and other natural and environmental resource
impacts
As the development of the project moves forward, NCDOT will continuously refine the design to avoid
and minimize project impacts.
5. Existing Conditions
The project study area includes a 600 -foot corridor for approximately four miles beginning in Linville,
expanding to an 800 -foot corridor to the project terminus in Boone. The study area is narrower in some
areas where it is bound by the Linville and Watauga Rivers.
A. Existing Road
The project limits extend from US 221 in Linville, Avery County to SR 1107 (NC 105 Bypass) in
Boone, Watauga County. For the majority of the project corridor, NC 105 is wedged between a
ridgeline along the southbound side and the Linville and Watauga Rivers along the northbound side.
The existing facility is a two -lane rural arterial with narrow shoulders. Because of the mountainous
terrain, there are three sections where climbing lanes are provided to allow traffic to pass slower
moving vehicles traversing the uphill grades. The speed limit is posted between 25 and 55 mph on
NC 105 within the project limits based on the grades, curvature of the road, and sight distances. Right
of way along the project corridor is 50 feet from the centerline of the road.
The US 221 Corridor between US 74 and Boone is included in the National Highway System (NHS).
NC 105 is the northernmost section of the US 221 corridor in North Carolina, and is the preferred
route for through and truck traffic along the US 221 corridor. US 221 also is signed as a NC Scenic
Byway. NC 105 is classified as a functional arterial on the NC Intrastate System (NCIS), and is listed
as part of Strategic Highway Corridors (SHC) #10 from Asheville to Boone and #12 from
Spartanburg, SC to Boone.
B. Overhead and Underground Utilities
The Linville River crosses under NC 105 through a culvert immediately north of US 221 in Linville.
NC 105 crosses over the Watauga River immediately north of the Broadstone Road (SR 1112)

intersection. This bridge is recommended for replacement as part of the project. The proposed
improvements will also require the extension of most of the culverts crossed by NC 105 within the
project limits.
Water service along the NC 105 corridor is primarily supplied by individual wells, most of which are
located within the NC 105 existing right of way. Septic tanks are located within NC 105 existing right
of way or behind buildings. Some sections of water and sewer pipes are also located along or crossing
NC 105 within the project limits. In a letter dated February 19, 2010, the NC Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) Public Water Supply Section noted that this project
may involve replacement of water mains and wells.
Numerous utilities including power, gas, telephone cable, and fiber optic cable are also located within
or crossing the existing right of way. The aerial utilities are primarily located on 90 -foot concrete
poles from the intersection of US 321 and NC 105 toward SR 1107. Underground utilities are located
throughout the length of the proposed project inside the existing right of way. Some specific utility
types and locations were discussed at the CP 1 meeting, and a complete survey is anticipated by
September 2012.
C. Land Uses
The area traversed is primarily rural and is adjacent to Pisgah National Forest. The U.S. Forest
Service provided the following statement: "A small portion of the project, as currently proposed, lies
within the proclamation boundary of the Pisgah National Forest; however, we do not own any
property within the proposed project boundaries. Because the project as currently proposed will not
impact National Forest System (NFS) lands on the National Forests in North Carolina, the United
States Forest Service will not be participating as a member of the merger team for R- 2566."
The communities of Seven Devils and
Foscoe stretch linearly for approximately
2.5 miles along the project corridor.
Within these communities is a mix of
residential and retail properties. There is
no access control, so most businesses and
residents along the corridor have
individual driveway access to NC 105.
Four gated communities have entrances
on or near NC 105.
EMS and fire service are provided by fire
departments in Linville and Foscoe, both
of which access NC 105 within the project
limits. Four churches and a number of
cemeteries are located along the project
corridor. The Foscoe /Grandfather Community Center and a number of campgrounds provide areas for
recreation. Asphalt /Concrete Plants & the Vulcan Rock Quarry are near the NC 105 Bypass in Boone,
all of which have large trucks entering NC 105 on steep grades. NCDOT has met twice with
representatives from Vulcan Rock Quarry, and will continue coordination through the planning
process.

D. Cultural Resources
In a letter dated February 23, 2005, the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) noted that nine
buildings and the Linville Historic District are within the general area of this project. The previously
recorded prehistoric archaeological sites 31 WT62, 41 WT64, and 31 WT61 are within or in close
proximity to the project area. A comprehensive historic architecture and archaeological survey of the
project area will be completed as part of this project.
E. Hazardous Materials
NCDOT completed a Hazardous Materials Report in May 2010. This survey found ten potential
petroleum UST sites and five other geoenvironmental concerns (dry cleaner, quarry, asphalt plant,
and a natural occurrence of asbestos) within the project limits. All sites are anticipated to present low
geoenvironmental impacts to the project.
F. Natural Resources
The proposed project overlaps the Catawba and Watauga River Basins. A total of 250 streams and 35
ponds were identified in the study area, as listed in the September 2011 Natural Resources Technical
Report (NRTR). One hundred eight jurisdictional wetlands were identified within the study area.
In a letter dated October 15, 2004, the NC Division of Water Quality (DWQ) requested that
alternatives developed consider design criteria that reduce impacts to streams and wetlands from
storm water runoff, including road designs that allow for treatment of storm water runoff through best
management practices. In a letter dated January 25, 2010, DWQ further requested that NCDOT define
the need for a four -lane divided facility beyond the project behind part of the SHC. They noted that
the need should include traffic analyses and discussion regarding why a smaller footprint will not
meet the proposed need for the project.
The Linville River parallels NC 105, in
close proximity, north to the Eastern
continental divide near Sugar Mountain.
North of the NC 184 intersection, NC 105
is paralleled by the Watauga River (along
the northbound side) for approximately
8.0 miles. It is then parallel by Laurel
Fork for approximately 2.3 miles. In
addition to a number of smaller crossings,
there are four major crossings along the
project, including three culverts and a
bridge at Broadstone Road.
The Watauga River is identified as High
Quality Waters (HQW) from its source
throughout the study area. In addition, the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC)
has identified the West Fork Linville River, Linville River, Watauga River, Valley Creek and Laurel
Fork as a trout waters. Boone Fork (Price Lake) is identified as an Outstanding Resource Water
(ORW) located within one mile of the study area and drains from the south toward the Watauga
River. There are no anadromous fish waters, Primary Nursery Areas (PNA), or streams listed on the
North Carolina 2010 Final 303(d) list of impaired waters within one mile the study area.

As of September 22, 2010, the United State Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists nine federally
protected species for Avery and Watauga Counties. Of these, the NRTR concluded that this project
will not affect four species and may affect but is not likely to adversely affect two species. Two
species are unresolved because the survey was completed out of season, and a biological conclusion
is not required for one (bog turtle).
The study area is within a FEMA regulated floodway. In a letter dated February 22, 2010, the
Division of Emergency Management noted that one of the following is required prior to construction:
• Submittal and approval of no -rise hydraulics study for each encroachment, or
• Submittal and approval of Conditional Letter of Map Revisions (CLOMR) for any encroachments
that cause an increase in base flood elevation.
6. Public Involvement
A Local Officials Meeting and a series of Citizens Informational Workshops have been conducted for this
project. A summary of each is provided below.
A. Local Officials Meeting
A total of 29 local officials attended a Local Officials Meeting on August 22, 2011 at the Grandfather
Community Center in Foscoe. Those attending represented Avery and Watauga Counties; the
communities of Banner Elk and Seven Devils; High County RPO, and Grandfather Mountain State
Park. Attendees expressed concern or asked questions about construction duration, emergency access
during construction, changes in long -term access with the proposed median, bike lanes and sidewalks,
and the design of intersections.
B. Citizens Informational Workshop
Three Citizens Informational Workshops were held in August 2011, with a total of 233 citizens
signing in over the three days. These included:
• August 22, 2011 at Grandfather Community Center in Foscoe — 108 citizens
• August 29, 2011 at Linville Volunteer Fire Department in Linville — 75 citizens
• August 30, 2011 at La Quinta Inn & Suites in Boone — 50 citizens
The following pie chart groups the 132 comments received by issue, and a more detailed breakdown
of comments is in the Appendix.

Oppose 23'
Traffic Signal
Requested
Median
5%
Support
Replacing Bridge al
the Watauga River
5%

Appendix
1. Concurrence Point 1 Signature Sheet
2. Design Criteria
2. Citizen Comment Summary

Merger Project Teams Meeting Agreement
Concurrence Point. No. 1
Project Name/Description
TIP Project No.
WBS No.:
R -2566
Project Purpose and Need
Widen NC 105 to a four -lane divided facility from US 221
in Linville to SR 1107 in Boone
37512.1.1
The purpose of this project is to reduce congestion by improving the level of service
along the NC 105 corridor from US 221 in Avery County to SR 1107 in Boone.
The Project Team has concurred on this date of August 17, 2010, on the above mentioned
purpose and need and the attached study corridor map for TIP Project R -2566.
USACE 4ldtbi (mil
EPA. _ f
f P
USFWS
NCDWQ
NCD
SHPO
WRC
FHWA k✓
TIP Project R -2566 Appendix Page 1
Concurrence Point 2 March 14, 2012

PROPOSED DESIGN CRITERIA (PRELIMINARY)
TIP: R -2566
STATE PROJECT: 37512.1.1
COUNTY: Avery 1 Watauga PAGE: 1 of
DIVISION: 11
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: NC 105 from US 221 to SR 1107 (NC 105 Bypass) In Boone DATE: 4126M0
PREPARED BY: K. Noland
NOTES:
r2566 design_assumptions.xis
" 40 mph 8%, 50 mph 7 %f 60 mph 6%
** 40 mph 18 ft, 50 mph 22 ft, 60 mph 30 ft
AASHTO
3 -R
ROUTE
REFERENCE
LINE
OR REMARKS
TRAFFIC DATA
ADT YR = 2005
11,300 - 31,900
ADT DESIGN YR = 2030
22,000 - 37,100
TTST
4%
DUALS
6%
DH V
14%
DIR
CLASSIFICATION
Principal
Rural Arterial
TERRAIN TYPE
Mountainous
DESIGN SPEED kmlhr or mph
40 - 60 mph
POSTED SPEED kmlhr or mph
35 - 55 mph
PROP. RIW WIDTH m or ft
CONTROL OF ACCESS
Partial
RUMBLE STRIPS I YIN
N
TYPICAL SECTION TYPE
LANE WIDTH m or ft
12 ft
SIDEWALKS (YIN)
N
BICYCLE LANES YIN
N
MEDIAN WIDTH m or ft
23 ft
MED. PROTECT. (GRIBARRIER )
Raised Median
SHOULDER WIDTH total
MEDIAN rn or ft
OUTSIDE w/o GR m or ft
10 ft
6 ft
OUTSIDE wl GR m or ft
13 ft
9 ft
PAVED SHOULDER
OUTSIDE TOTALIFDPS m or It
111 It 14 It
6 ft 14 It
MEDIAN TOTALfFDPS m or ft
GRADE
MAX.
6%*
Maintain Existin
MIN.
0.03 %
K VALUE
SAG
64-136
CREST
44-151
HORIZ. ALIGN.
MAX. SUPER.
6%
MIN. RADIUS m w ft
485-1330
SPIRAL (Y/Ni
Y
CROSS SLOPES
PAVEMENT
2%
PAVED SHOULDER
2%
TURF SHOULDER
8%
MEDIAN DITCH
DITCH TYPICAL A B.0
B
Y1 -2A F -1
CLEARZONEm or ft
30 ft"
TYPICAL SECTION NO.
NOTES:
r2566 design_assumptions.xis
" 40 mph 8%, 50 mph 7 %f 60 mph 6%
** 40 mph 18 ft, 50 mph 22 ft, 60 mph 30 ft

Citizen Comment Summary
August — September 2011
Opposing proposed proiect
46 of the comments received strongly opposed to the project as proposed. Most of the comments
pertained to the negative impacts the widening project will have on the surrounding community. Several
of the reasons given were as follows:
• Beauty and charm of the mountain will be lost.
• There is not enough traffic to justify the four lane divided highway with 23' median.
• Use the tax payer money wisely and spent it where it is most needed.
• In the mountain environment, winter weather already increases pollution of waterways from road
source and increased impervious surface would be extremely detrimental to the local water
quality.
• This project would change the small town feel and that is what draws people in to the community.
• This project will displace many businesses, residences, and eliminate many local jobs.
• Encourage or allow drivers to slow down and enjoy the view rather than wasting $100 million
and 5 years to destroy the beautiful region with more asphalt just to save 2 minutes of driving
time.
Bike Lanes
22 of the comments received were specifically about the need to have bike lanes along the proposed
project. They were as follows:
• Bike lanes are needed all along NC 105 from Linville to Boone.
• Ecotourism and connectivity along the route are important.
• The Lee -McRae cycling team has riders that train in the area and NC 105 is a major road used by
cyclists. The addition of bike lanes would create much safer route for cyclists.
• Widen the bridge over the Watauga River at Valle Crucis. Also provide bike lanes and pedestrian
accommodation.
• The Boone area has many recreational cyclists as well as students who commute to ASU's
campus.
Replacing Bridge Crossing at the Watauga River
6 of the comments received were concerned about the bridge crossing at the Watauga River. They were as
follows:
• The only problem with NC 105 is at the bridge at the signal going to Valle Crucis. Fix that area
so cars can turn, but do not change the rest of NC 105.
• Home owners on Old Tweetsie Road are concerned that the replacement of the bridge over the
Watauga River will block access to Old Tweetsie Road.
TIP Project R -2566 Appendix Page 3
Concurrence Point 2 March 14, 2012

Support Project
5 of the comments received were in support of the project. They were as follows:
NCDOT priorities are correct in that Section B is the most dangerous section of the proposed
project.
This project is needed; feel that half of locals are in support while half are not. The concern is
how the traffic will be maintained during construction phase.
Oppose 23' wide Median
6 of the comments received opposed a wide median and recommended turning lanes /passing lanes. They
were as follows:
• More turn lanes are needed rather than a 4 -lane road with a wide median.
• Citizens will be better served if NC 105 between Linville and Boone had passing lanes added
when possible and adequate turning lanes added near the Broadstone Road as it joins NC 105 at
the Watauga River Bridge.
ROW, Acquisition, Easement, Real Estate Purchase
13 of the comments received were about ROW, property acquisition and easements. They were as
follows:
• Need more information if specific property will be in future right of way so owners can make
decisions about renovation projects.
• Concern about businesses and septic systems very close to existing right of way.
• Would like a schedule of final design.
• $1 Million budgeted for ROW seems to be very low.
• It is not fair to take the property from one side of the NC 105, wants NCDOT to take an equal
amount of property from both sides.
• 5th Element Supply in Foscoe wants to sell their commercial building.
• Blue Ridge Conservancy (BRC) states that two properties could be impacted by the proposed
project. BRC wants to make NCDOT aware of these properties to ensure they were accounted for
during planning process.
Access
10 of the comments received were about access to their property/business. They were as follows:
• NC Division of Parks and Recreation has safety concern for the Profile Trail parking lot and hiker
access to the Profile Trail in Grandfather Mountain State Park. This parking lot is the only state
owned vehicular access point to the state park, which encompasses 2,500 acres of mostly back
country with hiking trails and backpack campsites. With the widening project, considering
including potential improvements such as: improved entrance and egress from NC 105 into the
TIP Project R -2566 Appendix Page 4
Concurrence Point 2 March 14, 2012

Profile parking lot (the existing drive is very steep and narrow and there are no turn lanes from
the highway), a pedestrian bridge if parking could be provided across the road, and providing safe
access to the trail head and parking during construction. Since we have very little parking and
limited access for this extremely popular state park, any reduction to parking and access will
greatly affect visitors and tourism in this area ... This state owned property is in the State Nature
and Historic Preserve and the State Parks System, which means any use that is not related to the
state park will require legislative authorization. This may require an acquisition for trade of
property if the Profile parking lot is required for the highway right of way. It would be beneficial
for the time factor required for such legislation to be considered early in the planning process ... I
believe that the DOT team is also aware of the Watauga River trout stream designations and
understands that the management of clean trout waters is also a priority of the Division of Parks
and Recreation and will be a concern during and after highway construction.
Owner of the Ski business would like a bulb -out on the west side of his property and stated most
of his customers come from Boone.
Traffic Signal Requested
5 of the comments received were issues in which people felt there is need for traffic signals at certain
locations. They were as follows:
• The intersection at Seven Devils Road and NC 105 — it is very difficult to go north with only two
lanes. A traffic signal will be needed to slow and stop the traffic.
• Considering lowering speed limit through Foscoe.
• Add turn lanes at the intersection at Broadstone Road and NC 105.
• Consider traffic signals in both directions on NC 105 at the fire station and the ability of fire
support vehicles (trucks) to make U -turns between the station and intersection of NC 184 and NC
105. Also would like for NCDOT to study the possibilities of installing Opti -Con traffic light
control devices at all intersections of NC 105 within the project area.
Other
19 of the comments received were about issues that could not be clearly defined. They were as follows:
• Provide information to support the reason and feasibility for this project in view of the obvious
financial disruption to businesses and residents it will cause.
• My back yard comes up to NC 105. On which side of NC 105 is this planned for? My side or the
opposite side?
• Change the designation of NC 105 to US 221. This will bring in federal funding expedite
construction.
TIP Project R -2566 Appendix Page 5
Concurrence Point 2 March 14, 2012

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT
OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH
NC 105
US 221 TO SR 1107 IN BOONE
WIDEN TO MULTI -LANES
AVERY - WATAUGA COUNTIES
'IP PROJECT NUMBER R -2566
FIGURE 1: VICINITY MAP
"" -

1. Proiect Background
A. Existing Conditions
The project limits extend from US 221 in Linville,
Avery County to SR 1107 in Boone, Watauga
County. The existing facility is a two -lane rural
arterial with narrow shoulders. Because of the
mountainous terrain, there are three sections where
climbing lanes are provided to allow traffic to pass
slower moving vehicles traversing the uphill
grades. The grades, curvature of the road, and sight
distances necessitate the speed limit being posted
between 25 and 55 mph for the majority of NC 105
within the project limits. Right of way along the
project corridor is 50 feet from the centerline of the
road.
The area traversed is primarily rural and is almost entirely within the Pisgah National Forest. The
communities of Seven Devils and Foscoe stretch linearly along the project corridor. Within these
communities is a mix of residential and retail properties that results in numerous driveway entrances
along NC 105.
B. Traffic Volumes and Patterns
Traffic volumes along the project corridor
ranged from 11,000 to 21,000 vehicles per day
(vpd) in 2005. In 2030, the traffic volumes are
project to range from 22,000 to 37,000 vpd.
Trucks make up approximately 8 - 10% of the
traffic along the project corridor. NC 105 is
also designated as US 221 Truck Route as it is
the suggested route for trucks to utilize between
US 221 in Linville and US 221 in Boone.
Traffic volumes increase steadily northward as
NC 105 approaches the outskirts of Boone. The
most significant volumes along the project
corridor occur between SR 1112 (Broadstone
Rd) and the project's northern terminus at SR 1107. Quarrying operations and adjacent asphalt plants
contribute to high truck volumes in the vicinity of the northern project termini.
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
2

The Town of Boone is the leading regional destination for northwestern North Carolina. It is home to
Appalachian State University and operates as a regional employment and shopping destination. NC 105
is considered the "Economic Gateway" to Boone. NC 105 is the primary route for inter- regional traffic
from Boone to points south and southwest. Thru traffic from I -40, Asheville and points south are
funneled through NC 105 to Boone where it makes connections with US 221 (north), US 321, and US
421. These routes then connect Boone with the Tri- Cities in Tennessee, Winston- Salem, Hickory, and
many other northwestern NC destinations. This makes NC 105 a major carrier of inter - regional traffic.
NC 105 also carries its share of local and intra- regional traffic. Local business owners in Boone and
communities along NC 105 depend on the highway to enable patrons and employees to access their
businesses. Tyncastle, a major retail and commercial development is located at the intersection of NC
184 and NC 105. A number of subdivisions consisting of golf course communities and vacation homes
and numerous single family homes are also stretched along the project corridor.
Because the economy of the region depends heavily on tourism, NC 105 serves tourist year round. Ski
resorts, vacation homes and other tourist attractions like Grandfather Mountain, and Linville Caverns
contribute heavily to the area's economy and the traffic utilizing NC 105.
A number of major intersections are located along the corridor. US 221 continue southward towards I-
40 at Marion and Asheville via US 19E. NC 184 connects NC 105 with the ski resorts of Sugar
Mountain and Banner Elk. SR 1112 (Broadstone Rd) connects Valle Crucis to NC 105. SR 1113
(Baird's Creek Rd) provides access to the Willow Creek Golf Club and other residential areas. SR 1107
carries the US 321 /US 421 Truck Route designations and connects NC 105 to US 321 and US 421 west
of Boone.
C. Regional Mobility / Connectivity
■ National Highway System (NHS)
The NHS is an interconnected urban and rural principal arterials and highways (including toll
facilities) which serve major population centers, international border crossings, ports, airports,
public transportation facilities, other intermodal transportation facilities and other major travel
destinations; meet national defense requirements; and serve interstate and interregional travel.
The US 221 Corridor between US 74 and Boone is included in the NHS. NC 105 is the
northernmost section of the US 221 corridor in North Carolina. NC 105 is the preferred route for
thru and truck traffic along the US 221 corridor. On the Federal Functional Classification System,
NC 105 is classified as a principal arterial. As a principal arterial, NC 105 arterial emphasizes is on
maintaining a high level of mobility for through movement.
■ North Carolina Intrastate System (NCIS)
The state goal for the NCIS is to develop a 3, 000 mile system of four -lane divided facilities
designed to "provide high speed, safe, convenient, through travel for motorists ". All intrastate facilities
are proposed to be widened to at least four - lanes. Per functional classification as a principal arterial, NC
105 serves statewide and interstate travel.
■ Strategic Highways Corridor Plan (SHC)
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
3

Mobility: Connecting facilities vital to the State or regional interests and serves long- distance and /or
regional traffic, whose users may be long haul trucks, tourists, and /or motorists passing through the
region.
SHC # 10: Asheville to Boone
- I -26: I -40 to US 19E
- US 19E: I -26 to NC 194
- NC 194: US 19E to US 221
- US 221: NC 194 to NC 105
- NC 105: US 221 to SR 1107 (TIP # R -2566)
SHC # 12: Spartanburg, SC to Boone
- US 221: NC /SC State Line to NC 105
- NC 105: US 221 to SR 1107 (TIP # R -2566)
■ SHC Corridor Vision:
- Boulevard
- Moderate mobility and moderate access
- 30 to 55 mph speed limit w/ limited, partial, or no C /A.
- Typical: Minimum 4 -lanes w/ a median.
■ Local Transportation Plans
The 2002 Watauga County Thoroughfare Plan recommended the widening of NC 105 from the
Western Boone Planning Boundary to the Avery County. During the development of the plan, NC
105 was over capacity, operating at a volume to capacity ratio (v /c) of 1.02 to 1.8). The
thoroughfare plan also identified NC 105 as one of Watauga County's projected primary growth
areas. The High Country Council of Governments' (COG) 2011 -2017 Priority List identifies TIP
Project R -2566 as their number 2 priority project. The following other high priority projects show
the High Country COG's desire to improve connections between Boone and the southern counties
(Avery, Mitchell, and Yancey) in its planning jurisdiction, improve connections to Asheville via US
19E, and support the Strategic Highways Corridor Plan.
- 93: TIP Project R -2519 (Widen US 19E to a multi -lane section west of spruce pine widen to
multi -lanes
- 96: TIP Project R -2520 (Widen US 19E/NC 194 to a multi -lane section from east of spruce pine
to US 221
- 49: TIP Project R -2595 (Widen US 221 to a multi -lane section from NC 226 to NC 194
D. Safety
The 2007 annual average daily traffic (AADT) for this section was estimated at 11,700 vehicles
per day, which equates to a total vehicle exposure rate of 186.71 million vehicle miles traveled
(MVMT). The level of bicycle and pedestrian usage along this section is unknown.
The crash analysis consisted of a maximum Y -line of 0 feet from the section, and a total of 355 crashes
reported along this location between August 1, 2006 and July 31, 2009. For crash rate purposes, this
section can be classified as 2 -Lane Undivided, Rural North Carolina (NC) Route. The following table
shows the comparison of the crash rates for the analyzed section of NC 105 versus the 2005 -2007
statewide crash rates and the calculated critical rate with a 95% level of confidence for a comparable
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
4

route type and configuration. The current wet crash rate is above the average statewide and the critical
crash rate for similar type facilities.
Table 1. Accident Rate from 2006 thru 2009
Rate
Crashes
Crashes per 100
MVM
Statewide Rate 1
Critical
Rate 2
Total
355
190.14
175.41
191.62
Fatal
4
2.14
2.14
4.17
Non -Fatal
117
62.67
66.12
76.18
Night
73
39.10
60.38
70.00
Wet
65
34.81
26.14
32.86
1 2005 -2007 Statewide Crash rate for 2 -Lane Undivided, Rural North Carolina (NC) Route.
2 Based on the statewide crash rate (95% level of confidence). The critical crash rate is a statistically derived value against which a
calculated rate can be compared to see if the rate is above an average far enough so that something besides chance must be the cause.
While the total crashes are not above the Critical rate, they are very close. Also, the following information
shows an ongoing trend that cannot be ignored.
Table 2. Accident Totals by Type (2006 thru 2009)
Year
Left Turn
Right
Turn
Rear End
Run Off Road
&
Fixed Object
Angle
Side
Swipe
Other
2006
8
0
27
15
1
6
13
2007
19
0
52
19
2
8
27
2008
4
1
49
20
2
6
25
2009
1 2
1 1
1 22
1 17
1 0
1 0
1 9
Total
1 33
1 2
1 150
1 71
1 5
1 20
1 74
Rear end and left turn accidents make up over 51% of the total accidents during the rating period (2006 thru
2009).
During prior years (2001 thru 2004) rear end and left turn accidents accounted for over 60% of the total
accidents.
Table 3. Accident Totals by Type (2001 thru 2004)
Year
Left Turn
Right
Turn
Rear End
Run Off Road
&
Fixed Object
Angle
Side
Swipe
Other
2001
4
0
33
8
3
7
7
2002
17
1
61
12
2
9
18
2003
14
2
58
7
4
13
31
2004
11
1 0
1 39
1 3
1 0
1 12
1 17
Total
46
3
191
30
9
41
73
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
5

Additionally, the current Watauga County Thoroughfare Plan states that the Broadstone Rd. and NC 105
intersection had the 2nd highest crash rate in the county, with the majority of accidents being rear end and
left turns.
The high rate of rear -end and left turn crashes is indicative of congested conditions on a two lane rural
road. Projected traffic volumes indicate that this problem will continue to worsen as travel demand for
the region increases.
D. Environmental Concerns
■ Cultural Resources
The Linville Historic District lies adjacent to the
southern terminus of NC 105 (see figure 1 of 10).
The district covers 1400 acres. It consists of
ninety -six buildings and four other structures.
The project corridor does not enter the Linville
Historic District.
A countywide survey for Watauga County was
completed in 2003. Nine buildings along NC 105
were identified during the survey. It is
recommended that surveys of the APE are
conducted for the Avery County portion and
information is updated for the Watauga County
of the project.
The previously recorded prehistoric
archaeological sites 31 WT62, 41 WT64, and 31 WT61 are within or in close proximity to the project
area. A comprehensive archaeological survey of the project area has been recommended by the NC
Department of Cultural Resources.
■ Community Impacts
The community of Foscoe is approximately 5.5 miles from the northern project limit. Seven Devils
is immediately south of Foscoe on NC 105. The two communities make up a 2.5 mile stretch of
commercial and residential development along NC 105. There is no access control, so most
businesses and residents along the corridor have individual driveway access to NC 105.
The right of way along the corridor is 50 feet on each side of the center. The right of way width
combined with the terrain results in all development fairly close to the roadway. Water service
along the NC 105 corridor is primarily supplied by individual wells. The majority of the wells are
located within the NC 105 existing right of way. Numerous utilities including power, gas, and fiber
optics are also located within or crossing the existing right of way.
EMS and fire service are provided by fire departments in Linville and Foscoe. Both of which, lie
along the NC 105 corridor. Four churches and a number of cemeteries are located along the project
corridor. The Foscoe /Grandfather Community Center and a number of campgrounds provide areas
for recreation.
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
6

■ Natural Resources
The proposed project overlaps the Catawba and Watauga River Basins. NC 105 crosses over the
Linville River immediately north of Linville. The river then parallels NC 105, in close proximity,
north to the continental divide near Sugar Mountain. North of the NC 184 intersection, NC 105 is
paralleled by the Watauga River (along the northbound side) for approximately 8.0 miles. NC 105
then crosses bridge 94005 over the Watauga River. It is then parallel by Laurel Fork for
approximately 2.3 miles. There are four major crossings along the project, including bridge 94005.
Table 4. Stream Classification
Stream Name
River Basin
Stream Classification
Linville River
Catawba
C; Tr
Big Grassy Creek
Catawba
C; Tr
Little Grassy Creek
Catawba
C; Tr; ORW
Watauga River
Watauga
B; HQW
Green Ridge Branch
Watauga
C
Moody Mill Creek
Watauga
C; Tr
Valley Creek
Watauga
C; Tr
Spice Bottom Creek
Watauga
C; Tr
Lance Creek
Watauga
C; Tr
Laurel Fork
Watauga
C; Tr
Hayes Branch
Watauga
C
Hodges Creek
New
C; Tr
Winkler Creek
New
WS -II, Tr; HQW, CA
Table 5. Threatened and Endangered Species
Common Name
Scientific Name
Status
Bog Turtle
Clemmys muhlenbergii
T (S /A)
Carolina northern flying squirrel
Glauconys sabrinus coloratus
E
Virginia big ear - Barred bat
Corynorhinus townsendii
virginianus
E
Blue ridge golden rod
Solidago spithamaea
T
Heller's blazing star
Liatris helleri
T
Roan mountain bluet
Hedyotis purpurea var.montana
E
Spreading avens
Geum radiatum
E
Rock gnome lichen
Spruce -fir moss spider
Gymnoderma lineare
Microhexura montivaga
E
E
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
7

2. Proiect Need
The proposed improvements are essential to providing an adequate and safe transportation facility for the
residents within the Avery and Watauga Counties and the regional traffic that travel this area daily. The
primary needs are as follows:
A. Congestion
Currently, there are sections of NC 105 that are over capacity and in the design year; the entire
project corridor will be over capacity.
■ Current 2005 ADT's along the project corridor range from 11,300 vpd north of US 221 to 20,600
vpd at the SR 1107 intersection. Trucks make up 8 -10% of the traffic along the project corridor.
■ Based off of the design year (no- build) capacity analysis, the overall LOS along NC 105 between US
221 and SR 1107 is F (see Table 4).
Table 6. Design Year (2030 No- Build) Capacity Analysis
Segment
Percent Time Spent
Average
LOS
Following
Travel Speed
US 221 to NC 184 97 14 F
NC 184 to SR 1161 (Boulder 98 11 F
Gardens Rd.)
SR 1161 (Boulder Gardens Rd.) 100 < 10 F
to SR 1112 (Broadstone Rd.)
SR 1112 (Broadstone Rd.) to 101 < 10 F
SR 1107 (NC 105 Bvnass)
Table 7. Design Year (2030 Build) Capacity Analysis
Segment
Average Speed
Volume /Capacity
Ratio
LOS
US 221 to NC 184 50 23 C
NC 184 to SR 1161 (Boulder 50 25 C
Gardens Rd.)
SR 1161 (Boulder Gardens Rd.) 50 30 D
to SR 1112 (Broadstone Rd.)
SR 1112 (Broadstone Rd.) to 47 39 E
SR 1107 (NC 105 Bvnass)
Note: The data reported on Table 3 and 4 are results of HCS Preliminary Analysis and conservative
values. When the final capacity analysis is completed the results may vary.
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
8

3. Proiect Purpose
The purpose of this project is to reduce congestion, increase the level of service and improve safety along the
NC 105 corridor from US 221 in Avery County to SR 1107 in Boone.
The proposed project would improve the ability for truck traffic to move efficiently through the corridor
without hindering the movement of local traffic or having a negative effect on the downtown and residential
areas.
In addition, the higher design standards provided by the project will provide improved sight distances, wider
lanes, greater turning radii, and more gradual curves, which would improve traffic safety conditions for the
local and regional traffic that utilizes the project corridor.
4. Proiect Description and Schedule
The NCDOT 2009 -2015 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) proposes to widen NC 105 to a multi-
lane facility from US 221 in Linville to the intersection of SR 1107 in Boone (see figure 1). The project
includes replacing bridge number 94005 over the Watauga River. The proposed project length is 14.6 miles.
NCDOT will be completing an Environmental Assessment for the project, which is currently scheduled for
completion in February 2013. The FONSI is scheduled for completion in August 2014. Right of Way and
Let are scheduled for FY 2015 and FY 2017, respectively.
August 17, 2010 Scoping Meeting TIP Project R -2566
9

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