The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutI-30_14-004 Sediment Data Study Report_2020.09.14CITY OF DURHAM Department of Public Works Stormwater & GIS Services CITY OF DURHAM Water Quality Report #14-004 September 14, 2020 Summary of Existing Stream Sediment Chemistry Data in Durham County, NC and Surrounding Counties EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City of Durham's Public Works Department prepared this report to summarize available stream sediment chemistry data from monitoring locations within Durham County and four surrounding counties (Chatham, Granville, Orange, and Wake). Stream sediment characteristics can influence the health and water quality of stream systems. Chemical contaminants and physical characteristics can cause water quality impairments or be toxic to aquatic life. Evaluating stream sediment quality is therefore important to assessing the potential for toxicity. Streambed sediment samples were collected from 123 monitoring locations by the City of Durham, the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the Duke University Bernhardt Lab. Summary statistics for different biological, chemical, and physical properties of stream sediment are provided in this report. General categories of sediment properties included bacteria, nutrients, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, other organic compounds, and physical sediment characteristics. The geometric mean concentrations for E. coli bacteria and fecal coliform bacteria were 269 MPN/g and 2,027 cfu/g, respectively. The mean concentrations for total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 286.5 mg/kg and 462 mg/kg, respectively. The common metals of concern with the three highest mean concentrations were zinc (43.6 mg/kg), followed by chromium (25.2 mg/kg), and copper (21.0 mg/kg). The PAHs with the three highest concentrations were fluoranthene (1,700 µg/kg), pyrene (1,300 µg/kg), and phenanthrene (1,200 µg/kg), which are compounds found in combustion byproducts. Pesticides comprised the largest group of organic compounds; however, 92% of the pesticides were not detected in stream sediment samples. Carbazole (insecticide), metalaxyl (fungicide), and oxadiazon (herbicide) had the highest detected concentrations at 160 µg/kg, 34.2 µg/kg, and 3.6 µg/kg, respectively. Sand and silt were found to be the dominant sediment particles in 34 samples collected by the City of Durham. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................................................1 LISTOF TABLES...........................................................................................................................................................2 LISTOF FIGURES.........................................................................................................................................................3 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS..............................................................................................................................3 1.0 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................................4 1 2.0 SEDIMENT DATA SOURCES AND MONITORING SITES....................................................................................4 2.1 City of Durham............................................................................................................................................4 2.2 US Geological Survey..................................................................................................................................5 2.3 Duke University..........................................................................................................................................7 2.4 Study Monitoring Locations.......................................................................................................................8 3.0 SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND DATA ANALYSIS METHODS.................................................................................9 3.1 Streambed Sediment Sampling............................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Data Quality Assessment......................................................................................................................... 11 4.0 SEDIMENT DATA SUMMARY....................................................................................................................... 12 4.1 Bacteria....................................................................................................................................................12 4.2 Nutrients..................................................................................................................................................14 4.3 Inorganic Compounds — Metals............................................................................................................... 15 4.4 Organic Compounds................................................................................................................................ 18 4.5 Sediment Characteristics......................................................................................................................... 26 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................................................ 28 APPENDIX A: Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Triassic Basin Ecoregion............................................ 30 APPENDIX B: Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Carolina Slate Belt Ecoregion.................................... 31 APPENDIX C: Stream sediment monitoring locations by project in Durham County .............................................. 32 APPENDIX D: List of Streambed Sediment Monitoring Sites in Chatham, Durham, Granville, Orange, and Wake Counties................................................................................................................................................................... 33 APPENDIX E: Categories to Classify Data in this Study and Category Descriptions ................................................. 37 APPENDIX F: Summary statistics for all sediment chemistry data compiled in this report .................................... 39 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Stream sediment monitoring locations by county and ecoregion...............................................................9 Table 2. Number of sediment monitoring locations sampled by organization and sample location by county ....... 9 Table 3. Analytical methods used to quantify E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria in stream sediment samples.... 12 Table 4. Summary statistics for E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria results in streambed sediment samples collectedby the City of Durham.............................................................................................................................. 13 Table 5. Analytical methods used to quantify nutrient constituents in stream sediment samples ....................... 14 Table 6. Summary statistics for nutrient data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and USGS............................................................................................... 15 Table 7. List of metals analyzed by each organization............................................................................................ 15 Table 8. Analytical methods used to quantify metals in stream sediment samples ............................................... 16 Table 9. List of metals with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the USGS.................. 16 Table 10. Summary statistics for metals data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham, USGS, and Duke University................................................................... 17 2 Table 11. List of PAHs with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and theUSGS.................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Table 12. Summary statistics for PAH data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and USGS............................................................................................... 19 Table 13. Summary of PCBs in streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS............................................ 20 Table 14. List of pesticides with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the City of Durham andthe USGS........................................................................................................................................................... 21 Table 15 Summary statistics for pesticide data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS............................................................................................................... 24 Table 16. List of other organic compounds with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the Cityof Durham and the USGS.................................................................................................................................. 25 Table 17. Summary statistics for other organic compounds with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS............................................................................................................... 26 Table 18. Summary statistics for sediment characteristics data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and the USGS...................................................... 27 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the City of Durham.................5 Figure 2. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the USGS................................6 Figure 3. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the Duke University Bernhardt Lab..............................................................................................................................................................................7 Figure 4. Stream sediment monitoring locations for all organizations......................................................................8 Figure 5. E. coli sample and fecal coliform results from streambed sediment sampling conducted by the City of Durham. The blue box plot and blue outlier data points represent E. coli concentrations as MPN/g. The red box plot and red outlier data points represent fecal coliform concentrations as cfu/g. The data are plotted on a logarithmicscale...................................................................................................................................................... 13 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS • cfu — colony forming units • DUBL— Duke University Bernhardt Lab • g - grams • IQR — interquartile range • kg - kilograms • KM — Kaplan -Meier Method • MDL— method detection limit • mg — milligrams • MPN — maximum probable number • NAWQA — National Water Quality Assessment Program • NCWSC - North Carolina Water Science Center • NO2 - Nitrite • NO3 - Nitrate 3 • NWIS — National Water Information System • PAHs — Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons • PCBs — Polychlorinated biphenyls • PQL— practical quantitation limit • QAPP — Quality Assurance Project Plan • TKN —Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen • TP —Total Phosphorus • USEPA — United States Environmental Protection Agency • USGS — United States Geological Survey 1.0 INTRODUCTION Stream sediment provides essential habitat for plants and animals in aquatic systems. Stream sediment contains the minerals that make up sediment particles, natural materials from the surrounding environment, and materials associated with human activity, some of which are toxic. Stream sediment can be characterized by biological, chemical, and physical properties. These properties can impact the ability of sediment to support plants and animals. For example, high levels of toxic chemicals adsorbed to sediment particles can result in unsuitable habitat for benthic macro invertebrates. This report summarizes stream sediment chemistry data collected over a five -county area around the City of Durham. Samples were collected by three different organizations: the City of Durham, the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and Duke University. Summary statistics for different biological, chemical, and physical properties of stream sediment are provided in this report and include the general categories of bacteria, metals, nutrients, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, other organic compounds, and sediment characteristics, such as density and grain size. Details on sampling locations and sampling methodology are also included in this report. 2.0 SEDIMENT DATA SOURCES AND MONITORING SITES This report summarizes data from 123 stream sediment monitoring sites located in five counties, 26 watersheds, two major river basins, and four ecoregions. All parameters presented in this report are associated with streambed sediment samples collected in Chatham County, Durham County, Granville County, Orange County, and Wake County. The stream sediment data in this report were collected by the City of Durham's Public Works Department, the U.S. Geological Survey's North Carolina Water Science Center, and the Duke University Bernhardt Lab. 2.1 City of Durham The City of Durham conducted sediment monitoring at 25 sites, with 24 in Durham County and one in Orange County. City of Durham sediment data were collected during the Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study in July and October of 2009, and January and April of 2010; the Bacteria Attenuation Study from February through May of 2010; the Northeast Creek Watershed Metals Study in June, September, and December of 2010 and March of 2011; and the Eno River Watershed Study in August and September of 2013 and February of 2014. The City of Durham's sediment data were downloaded from the City of Durham's Water Quality Data Web Portal (http://www.durhamwaterguality.org ) on November 29, 2017, and includes data collected from 2009 through 2014. The City of Durham stream sediment monitoring locations are shown below in Figure 1. M erson L~ erDan---------f� -i r Upper Tar �r+ i i i i i i i Gra vi e 1 i I? r f r r per Orange r Durh i Qx, v oI p a p it , r j City of Durham stream sediment monitoring �! locations Monitoring City Limits j% Locations ------ County Chia f Major Streams -----' Boundary r ; Lakes 45b Southern 0 2.5 5 tp � River Basin Outer Piedmont Miles 45c Carolina Slate Belt N 45f Northern Outer Piedmont CITY OF 45g Triassic DURHAM Basins Figure 1. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the City of Durham. 2.2 US Geological Survey The USGS sediment monitoring data included in this report were from sampling conducted at 48 sites, with 25 of the sites located in Durham County. The USGS sediment samples were collected as part of the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program in July of 2002, August of 2009, and June of 2014; and other data were available from the National Water Information System (NWIS) for June of 2005, April through July of 2009, and October of 2010. The USGS sediment data were downloaded from the Water Quality Portal E (https://www.watergualitvdata.us/) on December 1, 2017, and includes data collected from 2002 through 2014. The Water Quality Portal is a cooperative service provided by the USGS, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Water Quality Monitoring Council. The USGS stream sediment monitoring locations are shown below in Figure 2. f P_rn VYEsr-flalT--`---- I I is pp r D f ra Ir I r f I' an a �Lpper Neuse'. 0 urh m� 1 i r l G, 1f •--=p---- 1 i r ak 1 Chath .�1' 9 P Dee , 7-1 J USGS stream sediment monitoring locations 45b Southern Outer Up s# r Cap Monitoring Locations piedmont L e T Major Streams 45c Carolina Slate o z.s E to Lakes Be It Miles 45f Northern Outer River Basin Piedmont N City Limits 45g Triassic Basins A�_ _ _� County Boundary 65m Rolling Coastal CITYOF Plain DURHAM ;ure 2. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the US( 2 2.3 Duke University The Duke University Bernhardt Lab conducted stream sediment monitoring at 50 sites, with 14 of the sites located in Durham County. The sediment samples were collected as part of graduate student research projects in June of 2004 and May through July of 2009. The Duke University Bernhardt Lab sediment data were requested from Dr. Emily Bernhardt with the Duke Nicholas School of the Environment. Brooke Hassett with the Bernhardt Lab provided sediment metals data in Excel spreadsheets on December 15, 2017 and December 22, 2017. The Duke University stream sediment monitoring locations are shown below in Figure 3. --wer�an------------------- ------------------ ! ti m I rr I I U ! } ur a Upper Tar! ra r i, i a 4 an a Ule se E f. _i. ! 4 Q i 9 i I i + f ' ¢ r+ ffror � 4 Chath 1 ❑ r I1 f Deep r I `-- ❑ Duke University stream sediment monitoring r. locations Upper a e F Monitoring Locations 45h Southern Outer pp p Piedmont Major Streams 45c Carolina Slate c 2.5 s 10 Lakes Belt Miles 45f Northern Outer River Basin Piedmont kN City Lim its 45g Triassic Basins it j_ — _! CountyBoundary 65m Rolling Coastal CITYOF /AlY Plain DURHAM Figure 3. Monitoring locations where stream sediment samples were collected by the Duke University Bernhardt Lab. 2.4 Study Monitoring Locations All monitoring locations summarized in this report are shown below in Figure 4. The complete list of monitoring locations and site descriptors are shown in Appendix D. — Caswell ' Person 1i j ------------- I l U I � Upper Tar 1 i v ° a+ 0- c Drank°° °o° p w- +_ �_'� t f° Durham O ..-` .� m ° Upper Ne19se 00 ° Haw° ° — — 4 r _---q -- — — ° v I ° ° Wako ° ° 4 p f 1 i Chatham } ° 1 ° ` f Deep ,ti'' �� ° ° i ' Stream sediment monitoring locations f Monitoring Locations 45b Southern Outer L U,�iper Cap Piedmont River Basin 45c Carolina Slate o 2.5 _ to City Limits Belt Miles 45f Northern Outer CountyBoundary Piedmont N 45g Triassic Basins CITYflF 65m Rolling Coastal DURHAM Plain Figure 4. Stream sediment monitoring locations for all organizations. As shown in Table 1, 51% (63 out of 123) of the monitoring sites are located in Durham County. The Level IV Ecoregions with the majority of monitoring sites are Carolina Slate Belt and Triassic Basins, which represent 31% (38 out of 123) and 46% (57 out of 123) of the monitoring sites. The locations of all sediment sampling sites in the Triassic Basins Ecoregion (24 City of Durham sites, 17 Duke University sites, and 16 USGS sites) are shown in Appendix A, and the locations of all sediment sampling sites in the Carolina Slate Belt Ecoregion (1 City of Durham station, 19 Duke University sites, and 18 USGS sites) are shown in Appendix B. The distribution of monitoring locations sampled by each organization is shown in Table 2. These monitoring locations are further separated by county for each organization. Table 1. Stream sediment monitoring locations by county and ecoregion. Chatham 5 Durham 63 Granville 2 Orange 21 Wake 32 Carolina Slate Belt 38 Northern Outer Piedmont 27 Rolling Coastal Plain 1 Triassic Basins 57 Table 2. Number of sediment monitoring locations sampled by organization and sample location by county. City of Durham 25 Durham 24 Orange 1 Duke University - Bernhardt Lab 50 Chatham 4 Durham 14 Granville 1 Orange 14 Wake 17 USGS NC Water Science Center 48 Chatham 1 Durham 25 Granville 1 Orange 6 Wake 15 Tota 1 123 3.0 SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND DATA ANALYSIS METHODS Stream sediment data generated by three different organizations are included in this report. These organizations, the City of Durham, USGS, and Duke University, each used distinct methods to collect sediment 0 samples. Data from the three organizations were imported into a common database and analyzed for basic summary statistics. Sediment sampling and data analysis techniques are described below in greater detail. 3.1 Streambed Sediment Sampling The streambed sediment sampling methods for each study are summarized by organization. Sampling methods are summarized using information from study Quality Assurance Project Plans (QAPPs), study final reports, sampling guideline documents, and personal communication with staff. 3.1.1 City of Durham Sediment Sampling The City of Durham conducted streambed sediment sampling as part of four separate studies from 2009 to 2014. The Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study was conducted to determine concentrations and distribution of fecal indicator bacteria in Streambed sediment at 13 of the City's ambient stream monitoring sites (City of Durham, 2009a). The Bacteria Attenuation Study assessed the concentrations of E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria in Streambed sediment and overlying surface water after the remediation of sanitary sewer discharges at two locations in Durham (City of Durham, 2009b). The Northeast Creek Watershed Metals Study was conducted in preparation for the Northeast Creek Watershed Implementation Plan to address data gaps related to metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in streambed sediment (City of Durham, 2010). The Eno River Watershed Implementation Plan Data Collection Study was conducted to characterize streambed sediment in support of the Eno River Watershed Improvement Plan development (City of Durham, 2013). For the Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study (City of Durham, 2009a), bed sediment samples were collected after surface water samples were taken. Streams with water depths less than 0.5 meters were sampled with a bottomless 5-gallon bucket and clean, polyethylene scoops. The bucket was placed in the streambed and surface water was removed from the bucket before collecting sediment samples. Clean metal augers were used to collect sediment samples in streams that were too deep to use the 5-gallon bucket method. A Shelby tube sampler (metal coring device) was used to collect sediment particle size distribution samples approximately 6 inches below the streambed. The Bacteria Attenuation Study (City of Durham, 2009b) QAPP does not describe detailed bed sediment sampling methods. Based on staff knowledge, study photos, and the study report, surficial sediment samples and bed sediment core samples were collected for the Bacteria Attenuation Study. The sampling methods (including sampling equipment) for the Bacteria Attenuation Study were consistent with the methods described above for the Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study. Streambed sediment samples for the Northeast Creek Watershed Metals Study (City of Durham, 2010) were collected using the same methods described for the Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study. Sediment samples were collected from the first 3 inches of the streambed. Streambed sediment core samples were not collected for the analysis of particle size distribution for the Northeast Creek Watershed Metals Study. The sediment sampling methods for the Eno River Watershed Implementation Plan Data Collection Study (City of Durham, 2014) were more consistent with methods outlined in the USGS "Guidelines for Collecting and Processing Samples of Stream Bed Sediment for Analysis of Trace Elements and Organic Contaminants for the National Water -Quality Assessment Program" (Shelton and Capel, 1994). The first 2-3 cm of fine-grained sediments were collected from three depositional zones within a 100-meter stream reach (50 meters upstream and downstream of surface water sampling locations) and combined into a composite sample. Three subsamples were collected from each depositional zone for the composite sample. More detailed sampling 10 methods are described in the Eno River Watershed Implementation Plan Data Collection QAPP (City of Durham, 2013). 3.1.2 USGS Sediment Sampling There are three different sample collection methods listed for the SS sediment sampling events conducted by USGS staff included in this report. USGS sample collection method code #55 is associated with 16 sampling events that are described as Composite — Multiple point samples. USGS sample collection method code #8010 is associated with 5 sampling events and the sample collection method is defined as Other. The remaining 34 sampling events are defined as USGS with no description of the sample collection method. Further discussion with USGS staff will be needed to determine the sediment sample collection methods for each project. Since 16 of the sampling events are associated with the NAWQA program, it is assumed that the samples were collected using the USGS "Guidelines for Collecting and Processing Samples of Stream Bed Sediment for Analysis of Trace Elements and Organic Contaminants for the National Water -Quality Assessment Program" (Shelton and Capel, 1994). 3.1.3 Duke University Sediment Sampling The Duke University Bernhardt Lab collected streambed sediment samples from 5 transects at randomly selected locations within a 100-meter reach. Sediment samples were collected with 15-cm x 5-cm coring tubes at each transect until 50 cm of sediment depth was obtained. Sediment samples for a reach were mixed and composited in the field by passing sediments through a 2-mm sieve (B. Hassett, personal communication, December 14, 2017). 3.2 Data Quality Assessment For this report, the sediment data from each data source (organization) were reviewed for duplicate samples, quality assurance codes, laboratory codes, nondetects, method detection limits (MDLs), parameter names, parameter units, and other important dataset schemas. Duplicate sample results were identified and averaged for City of Durham data. In the raw data obtained for this report, some of the metals and organic compounds (PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, etc.) concentration data were shown in different units. These differences in concentration units were eliminated by converting all of the data to the same units. Categories to classify the data in this study were based on data fields from the City of Durham Water Quality Web Portal and the National Water Quality Portal databases. Full descriptions of these categories are included in Appendix E. The data sets presented in the tables in this report are separated into two groups: 1) parameters with 100% of values reported below a laboratory method detection limit, and 2) parameters with values that are reported above and below a laboratory method detection limit. Data that are reported as below or less than the method detection limit (MDL) are referred to as nondetects (ND) or left -censored data. Censored data is a term that refers to values that are less than a method detection limit. The term "nondetects" is used in this report to describe values that are less than a method detection limit. Due to the number of values in this report below a method detection limit, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ProUCL software was used to calculate general summary statistics. ProUCL uses the nonparametric Kaplan -Meier (KM) estimation method to estimate the population mean, standard deviation, and population percentiles for left -censored data sets. Nonparametric techniques or tests do not assume a normal population distribution and are often used to handle environmental data. The KM estimation method can also handle nondetects with multiple detection limits. 11 Data analyzed in this report include biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of sediment samples collected in and adjacent to Durham County. In the subsections 4.1 through 4.5 below, these data are presented in the following parameter groups: bacteria, nutrients, inorganic compounds, organic compounds, and sediment characteristics. The biological parameters analyzed in this study comprise of bacteria present in the sediment. Chemical parameters included inorganic constituents like metals and nutrients. Organic constituents included were categorized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, and other organic compounds. The physical parameters of the sediment present here included density, moisture content, and grain size analyses. Overall, stream sediment samples were analyzed for 301 parameters which generated a data set of 5,714 values. There were 2,500 values reported below a laboratory method detection limit, which is 44% of the total number of values in this report. General summary statistics for data sets with and without nondetects are presented and discussed in the sections below. Parameters with 100% nondetects, i.e., all values are reported below a method detection limit, are also presented in separate tables in the sections below. It is important to note that for some parameters in the data tables below, the range of detected and nondetect concentration values overlapped. For example, the range of nondetect values for nitrate+nitrite (2.7 — 3.3 mg/kg) overlapped the range of detected values for nitrate+nitrite (2.3 — 3.2 mg/kg). 4.1 Bacteria In 2009 and 2010, the City of Durham conducted two studies that collected streambed sediment samples that were analyzed for two types of fecal indicator bacteria — E. coli and fecal coliform. The Ambient Sediment Bacteria Study was conducted in 2009 and 2010, and the Bacteria Attenuation Study was conducted in 2010. The analytical methods used to quantify E. coli and fecal coliform concentrations are listed below in Table 1. Table 3. Analytical methods used to quantify E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria in stream sediment samples. City of Durham I Fecal coliform cfu/g dry weight SM 92210E E. coli MPN/g dry weight IDEXX Colilert In both studies, E. coli and fecal coliform concentrations were detected in all streambed sediment samples. Summary statistics for fecal indicator bacteria are shown below in Table 4. E. coli sample results ranged from 1 MPN/g to 27,600 MPN/g and fecal coliform sample results ranged from 62 cfu/g to 366,000 cfu/g. Both fecal indicator bacteria data sets are positively skewed by high values, i.e., outliers. In other words, the outlier values extend the right tail of the distribution and pull the mean value toward the tail of the distribution. The mean values for both parameters are higher than their respective median values, which also indicate positively skewed or right -skewed data. Therefore, the median and geometric mean values for E. coli and fecal coliform are more resistant measures that summarize the central location of the data. The geometric mean and median values for fecal coliform were an order of magnitude higher than the geometric mean and median values for E. coli. The range and variability of fecal indicator bacteria concentrations found in Durham's stream sediments are similar to the variability of results for multiple studies summarized in an extensive literature review by Pachepsky and Shelton (2011). 12 Table 4. Summary statistics for E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria results in streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham. Parameter Units N NDs Min Max Range Mean Geo Mean Median Stcl Dev •R E. Coli MPN/g 94 0 1 27,600 27,599 1,636 269 200 3,744 1,500 Fecal Coliform cfu/g 93 0 62 366,000 365,938 9,810 2,027 2,000 38,468 5,323 N — number of results NDs —number of nondetects Geo Mean —geometric mean Std Dev—standarddeviation IQR — interquartile range The interquartile range (IQR) is another measure of the variability or spread of the data. The IQR measures the range of the central 50 percent of the data. The IQR for the E. coli data is 1,500 MPN/g with a 25th percentile of 100 MPN/g and a 75th percentile of 1,600 MPN/g. The IQR for the fecal coliform data is 5,323 cfu/g with a 25th percentile of 677 cfu/g and a 75th percentile of 6,000 cfu/g. The data spread for both parameters are shown as box plots in Figure 5. 1 O1 E. Coli (MPN/g) Fecal Coliform (cfu/g) Figure 5. E. coli sample and fecal coliform results from streambed sediment sampling conducted by the City of Durham. The blue box plot and blue outlier data points represent E. coli concentrations as MPN/g. The red box plot and red outlier data points represent fecal coliform concentrations as cfu/g. The data are plotted on a logarithmic scale. 13 There are no sediment quality guidelines for E. coli or fecal coliform in North Carolina that can be compared to the data set in this report. For overlying surface waters, there are federal water quality guidelines for E. coli and state water quality standards for fecal coliform. The US Environmental Protection Agency's recommended recreational water quality criteria for E. coli is a geometric mean of 126 cfu/100mL in any selected 30-day interval (USEPA 2012). The USEPA's recreational water quality criteria also recommends that no more than 10% of E. coli samples exceed a statistical threshold value of 410 cfu/100mL in any selected 30-day interval (USEPA 2012). The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality's surface water quality standard for fecal coliform states that five consecutive samples during a 30-day period shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200 cfu/100mL, nor exceed 400 cfu/100mL in more than 20 percent of the samples examined during such period (15A NCAC 02B.0211(7)). 4.2 Nutrients Streambed sediments collected by the City of Durham and the USGS were analyzed for nutrients. The City of Durham data were collected in 2013 and 2014 as part of the Eno River Watershed Study. The USGS data were collected in 2005, 2009, and 2014. The City of Durham analyzed sediment samples for nitrate+nitrite (NO3+NO2), nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and total phosphorus (TP). The USGS analyzed sediment samples for percent of nitrogen (% N), percent of phosphorus (% P), and total phosphorus (TP). Total phosphorus was the only parameter analyzed by both organizations. The analytical methods used to quantify nutrient concentrations are listed by organization name in Table 5. Table S. Analytical methods used to quantify nutrient constituents in stream sediment samples. City of Durham I Nitrate + Nitrite as N mg/kg Nitrate Nitrite (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Total Phosphorus USGS T% Nitrogen % Phosphorus Total Phosphorus mg/kg EPA 9056A EPA 9056A mg/kg EPA 9056A mg/kg EPA 351.2 mg/kg EPA 365.4 % Hydrological Processes, 2001, v 15, p 1107-11321 mg/kg USGS Open File Report 02-2232,3 'Elements in bed sediment by combustion 2Elements in bed sediment by Inductively Coupled Plasma -Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) 'Elements in bed sediment by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS), 4 Acid Digestion - VanMetre Protocol (NWQL Schedule 3197) The sediment samples analyzed for % N, TKN, and TP were detected 100% of the time, i.e., there were 0% nondetects. The nondetects accounted for 50% of the samples analyzed for NO3+NO2, 33% of the samples analyzed for NO3, 100% of the samples analyzed for NO2, and 12.5% of the samples analyzed for % P. Summary statistics for all values (detects and nondetects) are shown in Table 6. For nutrient concentrations, TKN and TP had the highest mean values of 284 mg/kg and 462 mg/kg, respectively, and NO3+NO2 had the lowest mean value of 2.5 mg/kg. By adding the mean values of TKN and NO3+NO2 together, the result is an average calculated total nitrogen (TN) value of 286.5 mg/kg. TP had the largest spread of data with a range of 1,630 mg/kg (70 mg/kg to 1700 mg/kg) and an IQR of 410 mg/kg (180 mg/kg to 590 mg/kg). The calculated TN range was 73.3 mg/kg to 903.2 mg/kg based on data from samples that were measurable for both TKN and NO3+NO2. 14 Table 6. Summary statistics for nutrient data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and USGS. I Parameter Nitrate + Nitrite as N Units mg/kg N 12 NDs 6 Range of Noncletects Min ND 2.7 Max ND 3.3 Range of Min D 2.3 Detects Max D 3.2 KM Mean 2.5 Stcl D- 0.26 2.70 •• 0.212 Nitrate as N mg/kg 12 4 2.3 2.4 2.3 3.2 2.5 0.27 2.4 0.14 Nitrite as N mg/kg 12 12 0.052 0.071 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.059 0.005 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/kg 12 0 N/A N/A 71 900 284 277 145 151 Nitrogen' % 16 0 N/A N/A 0.15 0.34 0.20 0.06 0.19 0.05 Total Phosphorus mg/kg 41 0 N/A N/A 70 1,700 462 379 340 410 Phosphorus % 8 1 0.005 0.005 0.027 0.055 0.037 0.014 0.040 0.011 'Percent nitrogen as mixed forms (NH3), (NH4), organic, (NO2) and (NO3) N — number of results NDs —number of nondetects ND — nondetect value D—detected value KM — Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev—standarddeviation IQR— intercluartile range 4.3 Inorganic Compounds - Metals This section summarizes results for chemical elements classified as metals, although some are classified as metalloids, e.g., antimony and arsenic, and reactive nonmetals (e.g., selenium). Streambed sediments collected by the City of Durham, USGS, and Duke University were analyzed for a suite of metals. The City of Durham data were collected in 2010 and 2011 for the Northeast Creek Assessment Study, and in 2013 and 2014 as part of the Eno River Watershed Study. The USGS data were collected in 2002, 2005, 2009, and 2014. The Duke University data were collected in 2004 and 2009. The various metals analyzed by each organization are listed in Table 7. fable 7. List of metals analyzed by each organization. Organization City of Durham Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc Duke University Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Silver, and Zinc USGS Aluminum, % Aluminum, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Bismuth, Cadmium, Calcium, % Calcium, Cerium, Cesium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Europium, Gallium, Gross -Uranium, Gold, Holmium, Iron, % Iron, Lanthanum, Lead, Lithium, Magnesium, % Magnesium, Manganese, Mercury, Molybdenum, Neodymium, Nickel, Niobium, Potassium, % Potassium, Rubidium, Scandium, Selenium, Silver, Sodium, % Sodium, Strontium, Tantalum, Thallium, Thorium-232, Tin, Titanium, % Titanium, Vanadium, Ytterbium, Yttrium, Zinc The analytical methods used to quantify metal concentrations are listed by the organization name in Table 8. Analytical methods are shown for metal constituents that were analyzed by all three organizations. The Duke University -Bernhardt Lab digested three replicate samples (from the composite sample) for each of their stream sediment monitoring locations which were then analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) (B. Hassett, personal communication, December 21, 2017). The replicate samples were averaged per monitoring location before summarizing the data with the metals data sets from the City of Durham and the USGS. 15 Table 8. Analytical methods used to quantify metals in stream sediment samples. Aluminum mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)1 and USGS OF 02-2232 Arsenic mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)3 and USGS OF 02-2232 Cadmium mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)4 and USGS OF 02-2232 Chromium mg/kg EPA 6010C EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- 1132)1 and USGS OF 02-2232 Copper mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)1 and USGS OF 02-2232 Lead mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)4 and USGS OF 02-2232 mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)1 and USGS OF 02-2232 zinc mg/kg EPA 6010C Hydrological Processes (2001, v15, p1107- EPA 3050b (ICP-MS) (SW-846)1 1132)1 and USGS OF 02-2232 'Elements in bed sediment by Inductively Coupled Plasma -Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) 2Elements in bed sediment by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), 4-Acid Digestion 'Elements in bed sediment by Hydride ICP-AES 4Elements in bed sediment by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) Five metals were not detected in any sediment samples. The metals with 100% nondetects are listed below in Table 9. The metals listed in Table 9 were only analyzed by the USGS and were not analyzed by the City of Durham or the Duke University Bernhardt Lab. Table 9. List of metals with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the USGS. Bismuth mg/kg 21 21 Europium mg/kg 8 8 Gold mg/kg 8 8 Holmium mg/kg 8 8 Thallium mg/kg 37 37 The metals constituents that were detected in stream sediment samples are summarized in Table 10. Forty of the 45 metals analyzed were detected in stream sediment samples. Aluminum had the highest concentration of 182,399 mg/kg, the highest mean concentration of 34,820 mg/kg, and the highest IQR of 32,260 mg/kg. Mercury, cadmium, and silver had the lowest mean concentrations of 0.05 mg/kg, 0.079 mg/kg, and 0.091 mg/kg, respectively. 16 Common contaminants of concern in the metals group, chromium, copper, lead, and zinc, were detected in 100% of samples. Nickel was detected in 99% of samples, arsenic was detected in 97% of samples, mercury was detected in 92% of samples, and cadmium was detected in 66% of samples. Zinc had the highest mean concentration of 43.6 mg/kg, followed by chromium with a mean concentration of 25.2 mg/kg, and copper with a mean concentration of 21.0 mg/kg. Within this group, chromium, copper, and zinc also had the highest maximum concentrations of 270 mg/kg, 258.9 mg/kg, and 190 mg/kg, respectively. Conversely, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic had the lowest mean concentrations of 0.05 mg/kg, 0.079 mg/kg, and 2.87 mg/kg, respectively. Table 10. Summary statistics for metals data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham, USGS, and Duke University. Parameter Aluminum Units mg/kg N 77 NDs 0 Range of Noncletects Min ND N/A Max ND N/A Range of Min D 2,360 Detects Max D 182,399 Mean 34,820 Stcl D• 27,220 .. 32,682 • 32,260 %Aluminum % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.97 11 6.78 2.63 6.15 4.35 Antimony mg/kg 28 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 Arsenic mg/kg 92 3 0.00025 0.00025 0.105 22 2.87 3.66 1.74 3.68 Barium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 100 740 403 150 390 130 Beryllium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 0.2 4.1 1.3 0.84 1 0.5 Cadmium mg/kg 56 19 0.00932 0.1 0.0155 0.5 0.0787 0.0859 0.1 0.063 Calcium mg/kg 65 1 0.00013 0.00013 0.0104 10,000 1,054 2,331 0.0334 0.056 % Calcium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.059 1.8 0.614 0.463 0.5 0.15 Cerium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 6 100 30.6 20.4 27 18 Cesium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 0.49 2.9 1.10 0.64 0.87 0.59 Chromium mg/kg 102 0 N/A N/A 0.93 270 25.2 31.2 16.76 24.2 Cobalt mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 1 61 14 10 13 7.7 Copper mg/kg 108 0 N/A N/A 1.5 258.9 21.0 28.7 12.9 16.1 Gallium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 2 22 9.8 4.4 9 6 Gross -Uranium mg/kg 37 16 50 50 0.6 5.3 1.5 0.98 2.1 48.7 Iron mg/kg 14 0 N/A N/A 8,300 38,000 18,871 8,696 18,500 13,575 % Iron % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.31 9.4 4.03 1.68 3.5 1.3 Lanthanum mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 3 62 14 12 10 5 Lead mg/kg 101 0 N/A N/A 1.01 48 12.9 10.1 9.56 12.8 Lithium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 1 42 14 10 13 13 Magnesium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 430 3,600 1,910 785 2,000 1,000 % Magnesium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.029 0.94 0.37 0.22 0.3 0.2 Manganese mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 160 3,400 1,212 765 970 960 Mercury mg/kg 52 4 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.82 0.05 0.11 0.03 0.033 Molybdenum mg/kg 28 12 0.5 1 0.6 5 0.95 0.84 1 0.15 Neodymium mg/kg 8 0 N/A N/A 2 15 11 4.1 11.5 3.75 Nickel mg/kg 108 1 2 2 0.18 60 7.8 8.5 5.89 7.87 Niobium mg/kg 12 2 4 4 3 6 4 1 4 2.25 Potassium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 2,900 24,000 9,869 5,377 8,600 4,200 % Potassium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.25 2.3 1.09 0.57 0.9 0.46 17 Rubidium mg/kg 13 0 Range of Noncletects N/A N/A Range of 10 Detects 130 38 28.6 Median.• 31 5 Scandium mg/kg 21 1 2 2 2 18 6.95 4.5 6 6 Selenium mg/kg 24 1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.2 Silver mg/kg 89 53 0.0005 2 0.0152 0.598 0.091 0.123 0.121 0.485 Sodium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 3,800 14,000 7,508 2,974 6,600 4,200 %Sodium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.2 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.35 0.29 Strontium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 16 260 108 45.6 100 51 Tantalum mg/kg 12 8 1 1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.04 1 0.825 Thorium-232 mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 1 11 3.6 2.0 3 1 Tin mg/kg 24 2 1 1 1 11 2.4 2.1 2 1 Titanium mg/kg 4 0 N/A N/A 3,200 5,200 4,450 866 4,700 500 %Titanium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.1 0.69 0.51 0.18 0.61 0.29 Vanadium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 10 240 86.1 48.3 93 40 Ytterbium mg/kg 8 2 1 1 1 2 1.3 0.4 1 0.25 Yttrium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 2 35 11 7.3 10 7 Zinc mg/kg 108 0 N/A N/A 4.38 190 43.6 37.8 32.4 34.3 N - number of results NDs -number of nondetects ND - nondetect value D-detected value KM - Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev-standarddeviation IQR- interquartile range 4.4 Organic Compounds This section summarizes several types of organic contaminants that were analyzed by the City of Durham and the USGS. The organic contaminants in this report are divided into the following groups: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, and other organic compounds used in a variety of consumer products such as perfumes and personal care products. 4.4.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Streambed sediments collected by the City of Durham and USGS were analyzed for 36 different PAHs. The City of Durham data were generated in 2010 and 2011 for the Northeast Creek Assessment Study, and in 2013 and 2014 as part of the Eno River Watershed Study. The USGS data were generated in 2009, 2010, and 2014. Four of the 36 PAHs were not detected in any stream sediment samples and are shown below in Table 11. Table 11. List of PAHs with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and the USGS. The PAHs that were detected in stream sediment samples are summarized in Table 12. Fluoranthene had the highest maximum concentration of 1,700 µg/kg, the highest mean concentration of 114 µg/kg, and the highest IQR of 90 jig/kg. Pyrene and phenanthrene had the second and third highest maximum concentrations in all samples at 1,300 µg/kg and 1,200 µg/kg, respectively. Fluoranthene, pyrene, and phenanthrene are substances found in combustion byproducts from coal, oil, automobile exhaust, cigarette smoke, and cooking smoke (PubChem Database 2020). Fluoranthene, pyrene, and phenanthrene are also on the EPA's priority pollutant list (40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A). The PAHs with the three lowest ranges of detected concentrations were 1,2- dimethylnaphthalene (2.0-3.2 µg/kg), 2-ethylnaphthalene (2.6-3.6 µg/kg), and 2,3,6-trimethylnaphthalene (3.0- 5.9 µg/kg). Naphthalene compounds come from coal tar or petroleum distillation and are used in the manufacture of artificial resins (PubChem Database 2020). Table 12. Summary statistics for PAH data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and USGS. Parameter Acenaphthene Units µg/kg N 31 NDs 28 Range of Noncletects Min ND 24.75 Max ND 105 Range of Min D 12 Detects Max D 47 Mean 15 Stcl D- 8.1 45 • 41 Acenaphthylene µg/kg 31 25 24.75 105 4.8 20 10 5.0 26 41 Anthracene µg/kg 44 32 24.75 105 13 110 23 17 49 36 Anthraquinone µg/kg 31 14 24.75 105 12 430 44 74 38 29 Benzo(a)anthracene µg/kg 50 29 6.1 105 11 350 38 56 37 39 Benzo(a)pyrene µg/kg 51 31 6.8 105 10 340 40 56 43 39 Benzo(b)fluoranthene µg/kg 31 14 24.75 105 13 610 78.6 121 61 56.5 Benzo[e]pyrene µg/kg 31 13 25 105 3.3 326 46 63 44 46 Benzo[ghi]perylene µg/kg 43 33 24.75 105 26 300 42 44 61 29 Benzo[k]fluoranthene µg/kg 31 18 24.75 105 18 230 39 42 44 41 Chrysene µg/kg 50 27 8.4 105 11 620 57 97 46 49 Dibenzo(a,h)anth racene µg/kg 50 45 5.6 105 23 95 15 17 57 42 Dibenzothiophene µg/kg 30 27 24.75 105 6.3 55 9.1 10.8 45 40 1,2- Dimethylnaphthalene µg/kg 31 27 24.75 105 2.0 3.2 2.4 0.5 44 41 1 F- µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 12 17 15 2.5 44 41 uimetnyinapntnaiene 2,6 Dimethyl naphthalene µg/k g 32 18 24.75 105 2.7 34 13 8.6 25 40 2-Ethyl naphthalene µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 2.6 3.6 3.1 0.5 44 41 Fluoranthene µg/kg 51 20 4.1 65 12 1,700 114 248 50 90 % Fluoranthene- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-d10 % 1 0 N/A N/A 92 92 N/A N/A N/A N/A Fluorene µg/kg 38 35 8.4 105 11 48 11 8.0 26 39 % 2-Fluorobiphenyl % 31 0 N/A N/A 24.4 71.6 49.9 10.9 50 14 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene µg/kg 43 32 24.75 110 25 270 41.2 41 61 28 2-Methylanthracene µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 12 20 16 4.0 44 41 1-Methylphenanthrene µg/kg 31 20 24.75 105 2.5 50 13 12 41 46 1-Methylpyrene µg/kg 31 24 24.75 105 2.0 38 12 9.1 44 41 19 Parameter Naphthalene Units µg/kg N 51 NDs 48 Range of Noncletects Min ND 8.4 Max ND 105 Range of Min D 12 Detects Max D 25 Mean 11 ..• 4.5 .. 36 .• 28 Perylene µg/kg 31 1 72 72 5.7 478 64 87 33 76 Phenanthrene µg/kg 44 26 7.75 150 6.8 11200 64 179 43 46 Phenanthridine µg/kg 30 29 24.75 105 36 36 26 2.9 43 40 Pyrene µg/kg 39 12 6.8 65 10 1,300 99 209 42 71 % p-Terphenyl-d14 % 31 0 N/A N/A 42.4 95.3 62.7 13.4 59.2 20.5 2,3,6- Trimethylnaphthalene µg/k g 31 29 24.75 105 3.0 5.9 4.5 1.5 44 41 N — number of results NDs —number of nondetects ND — nondetect value D—detected value KM — Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev—standarddeviation IQR— interquartile range 4.4.2 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) In 2009, the USGS collected one stream sediment sample in Wake County within the Swift Creek Watershed (Neuse Basin) which was analyzed for four PCB substances. The PCB data are summarized below in Table 13. Three out of the four PCB parameters were not detected in the sediment sample. The percent or fraction of nonachlorobiphenyl in the sediment sample was 71.5%. Table 13. Summary of PCBs in streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS. Aroclor 1016 mixt. with Aroclor 1242 jig/kg 1 1 15 15 N/A N/A Aroclor1254 µg/kg 1 1 15 15 N/A N/A Aroclor 1260 µg/kg 1 1 15 IL IN/A N/A % Nonachlorobiphenyl % 1 0 N/A N/A 71.5 71.5 N — number of results NDs —number of nondetects ND — nondetect value D — detected value 4.4.3 Pesticides There were 141 pesticide compounds identified for this report. The City of Durham analyzed for two pesticide compounds (1,4-dichlorobenzene and methyl parathion), and the USGS analyzed for 141 different pesticides presented in this report. Ninety-two percent of the pesticides (130 compounds) were not detected in the streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS, which are shown below in Table 14. Neither compound sampled by the City of Durham was detected. Methyl parathion is an insecticide and 1,4-dichlorobenzene is used to make mothballs, resins, and odor -controlling products for trash cans, restrooms, and animal facilities (PubChem Database 2020). 20 Table 14. List of pesticides with no detected concentrations in sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and the USGS. Parameter Alachlor Units µg/kg N 10 Noncletects 10 Aldrin µg/kg 1 1 Allethrin jig/kg 10 10 5-Amino-l-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4 [(trifluoromethyl)thio]pyrazole-3-carbonitrile µg/k g 10 10 Atrazine jig/kg 11 11 Azinphos-methyl µg/kg 10 10 Benfluralin jig/kg 10 10 Boscalid µg/kg 10 10 Bromacil µg/kg 1 1 Butralin µg/kg 10 10 Butylate µg/kg 10 10 Captan µg/kg 10 10 Carbaryl µg/kg 10 10 Carbofuran µg/kg 10 10 cis -Chlordane µg/kg 1 1 trans -Chlordane µg/kg 1 1 2-ChIoro-2',6'-diethylacetaniIide µg/kg 10 10 Chlorothalonil µg/kg 10 10 Chlorpyrifos µg/kg 11 11 Chlorthal-dimethyl µg/kg 10 10 Clomazone µg/kg 10 10 Coumaphos µg/kg 10 10 p-Cresol µg/kg 1 1 Cycloate µg/kg 10 10 Cyfluthrin µg/kg 10 10 Cyhalofop butyl µg/kg 10 10 Cyhalothrins µg/kg 10 10 Beta Cypermethrin µg/kg 10 10 Cyproconazole µg/kg 10 10 Cyprodinil µg/kg 10 10 p,p'-DDT µg/kg 11 11 Deltamethrin µg/kg 10 10 Desulfinylfipronil amide µg/kg 10 10 Diazinon µg/kg 11 11 3,4-Dichloroaniline µg/kg 10 10 3,5-Dichloroaniline µg/kg 10 10 p-Dichlorobenzene µg/kg 1 1 1,4-Dichlorobenzene µg/kg 12 12 Dieldrin µg/kg 1 1 21 Parameter N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide Units µg/kg N 1 Nondetects 1 Difenoconazole µg/kg 10 10 Dimethomorph µg/kg 10 10 Dithiopyr µg/kg 10 10 alpha-Endosulfan µg/kg 1 1 Endrin µg/kg 1 1 Esfenvalerate µg/kg 10 10 Ethalfluralin µg/kg 10 10 Etofenprox µg/kg 10 10 Famoxadone µg/kg 10 10 Fenarimol µg/kg 10 10 Fenbuconazole µg/kg 10 10 Fenhexa mid µg/kg 10 10 Fenpropathrin µg/kg 10 10 Fenpyroximate µg/kg 10 10 Fenthion µg/kg 10 10 Fipronil µg/kg 10 10 Fipronil Sulfone µg/kg 10 10 Fluazinam µg/kg 10 10 Fludioxonil µg/kg 10 10 Flufenacet µg/kg 10 10 Flumetralin µg/kg 10 10 Fluoxastrobin µg/kg 10 10 Flusilazole µg/kg 10 10 Flutolanil µg/kg 10 10 Flutriafol µg/kg 10 10 Heptachlor µg/kg 1 1 Heptachlor epoxide µg/kg 1 1 Hexachlorobenzene µg/kg 31 31 alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane µg/kg 1 1 beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane µg/kg 1 1 Hexazinone µg/kg 10 10 Imazalil µg/kg 10 10 Indoxacarb µg/kg 10 10 Iprodione µg/kg 10 10 Kresoxim-methyl µg/kg 10 10 Lindane µg/kg 1 1 Malathion µg/kg 10 10 Metconazole µg/kg 10 10 Methidathion µg/kg 10 10 M ethoprene µg/kg 10 10 Methoxychlor µg/kg 1 1 22 Parameter Methyl parathion Units µg/kg N 22 Nondetects 22 Metolachlor µg/kg 11 11 Mirex µg/kg 1 1 Molinate µg/kg 10 10 Myclobutanil µg/kg 10 10 trans-Nonachlor µg/kg 1 1 Napropa mide µg/kg 10 10 Novaluron µg/kg 10 10 Oxyfluorfen µg/kg 10 10 Pebulate µg/kg 10 10 Pentachloroanisole µg/kg 40 40 Pentachloronitrobenzene µg/kg 40 40 Perm ethrin µg/kg 10 10 Phenothrin µg/kg 10 10 Phosmet µg/kg 10 10 Phostebupirim µg/kg 10 10 Piperonyl butoxide µg/kg 10 10 Prometon µg/kg 11 11 Prometryn µg/kg 10 10 Pronamide µg/kg 10 10 Propanil µg/kg 10 10 Propargite µg/kg 10 10 Propiconazole µg/kg 10 10 Pyraclostrobin µg/kg 10 10 1H-Pyrazole-3-carbonitrile, 5-amino-l-[2,6-dichloro-4 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)- µg/kg 10 10 Pyridaben µg/kg 10 10 Pyrimethanil µg/kg 10 10 Resmethrin µg/kg 10 10 Simazine µg/kg 10 10 Stigmastan-3.beta.-ol µg/kg 1 1 Tebuconazole µg/kg 10 10 Tebupirimfos oxygen analog µg/kg 10 10 Tefluthrin µg/kg 10 10 Tetraconazole µg/kg 10 10 Tetradifon µg/kg 10 10 Tetramethrin µg/kg 10 10 Thiazopyr µg/kg 10 10 Thiobencarb µg/kg 10 10 Toxaphene µg/kg 1 1 Triadimefon µg/kg 10 10 Triadimenol µg/kg 10 10 23 Triallate Tribufos Tributyl phosphate Triflumizole Trifluralin Triphenyl phosphate Vinclozolin Zoxamide µg/kg 10 10 µg/kg 10 10 µg/kg 1 1 µg/kg 10 10 µg/kg 10 10 µg/kg 1 1 µg/kg 10 10 µg/kg 10 10 The pesticides listed in Table 15 were detected in one or more sediment samples collected by the USGS, which represent eight percent of the pesticides analyzed (i.e., 11 out of 141 compounds). Carbazole, metalaxyl, and oxadiazon had the highest detected maximum concentrations at 160 µg/kg, 34.2 µg/kg, and 3.6 µg/kg, respectively. Carbazole is used to make dyes and insecticides, metalaxyl is a fungicide used to control plant diseases, and oxadiazon is used as an herbicide (PubChem Database 2020). Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were each detected once at 2.0 µg/kg and 2.3 µg/kg, respectively. DDD is an insecticide (similar to DDT) and DDE is a chemical breakdown product of DDT (PubChem Database 2020). Table 15. Summary statistics for pesticide data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS. Parameter Azoxystrobin Units µg/kg N 10 NDs 9 Range of Noncletects Min ND 0.9 Max ND 0.9 Range of Min D 3.2 Detects Max D 3.2 KM Mean 1.1 Stcl D- 0.69 0.90 •• 0 Bifenthrin µg/kg 10 3 0.6 0.6 0.6 3.2 1.2 0.80 0.80 0.85 Carbazole µg/kg 31 12 25 105 1.8 160 23 31 25 35 p,p'-DDD µg/kg 11 10 1 7.5 2.0 2.0 1.1 0.30 1.0 0 p,p'-DDE µg/kg 11 10 1 4.5 2.3 2.3 1.1 0.39 1.0 0 % alpha-HCH-d6 % 1 0 N/A N/A 68.5 68.5 N/A N/A N/A 0 % Isodrin % 1 0 N/A N/A 79.1 79.1 N/A N/A N/A 0 Metalaxyl µg/kg 10 7 1.9 1.9 5.2 34.2 5.8 9.6 1.9 2.5 Oxadiazon µg/kg 10 7 1.4 1.4 2.1 3.6 1.9 0.85 1.4 0.53 Pendimethalin µg/kg 10 9 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.0 0.92 0.36 0.8 0 Prodiamine µg/kg 10 9 1.4 1.4 2.0 2.0 1.5 0.18 1.4 0 N - number of results NDs -number of nondetects ND - nondetect value D-detected value KM - Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev-standarddeviation IQR- interquartile range 4.4.4 Other Organic Compounds This section summarizes 43 organic compounds that were not grouped with the previous parameter categories listed in this report. Eighty-one percent (35 compounds) of the compounds were not detected in any of the streambed sediment samples. The City of Durham analyzed for two of these compounds, bis(2- 24 ethyl hexyl)phthalate and diethyl phthalate, neither of which were detected in any of the stream sediment samples collected by the City of Durham. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and diethyl phthalate are synthetic chemical compounds that are added to many types of plastic products to make them more flexible (PubChem 2020). The USGS analyzed for 43 other organic compounds presented in this report. The organic compounds with no detected values are listed below in Table 16. Eight organic compounds were detected and are listed in Table 17. Table 16. List of other organic compounds with no detectea concentrations in seaimemt samples collected by the City oT uurham and the USGS. Parameter Acetophenone AHTN Units µg/kg µg/kg N 1 1 Noncletects 1 1 Benzene, 1,1'-oxybis[2,4-dibromo- jig/kg 1 1 Benzophenone µg/kg 1 1 Camphor jig/kg 1 1 Cholesterol µg/kg 1 1 Coprosterol µg/kg 1 1 p-Cumylphenol µg/kg 1 1 Diethyl phthalate µg/kg 43 43 Ethanol, 2-(4-nonylphenoxy)- µg/kg 1 1 S-Ethyl d i propylthiocarba mate µg/kg 10 10 Tau-fluvalinate µg/kg 10 10 Isoborneol µg/kg 1 1 Isophorone µg/kg 1 1 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol µg/kg 1 1 Isoquinoline µg/kg 1 1 D-Limonene µg/kg 1 1 (1R,2S,5R)-Menthol µg/kg 1 1 Methylmercury(1+) µg/kg 2 2 4-Nonylphenols µg/kg 1 1 4-Nonylphenol diethoxylates µg/kg 1 1 p-Octylphenol µg/kg 1 1 Phenol µg/kg 1 1 Phenol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxy- µg/kg 1 1 beta-Sitosterol µg/kg 1 1 p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol µg/kg 1 1 2-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethanol µg/kg 1 1 2-[2-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethanol µg/kg 1 1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene µg/kg 30 30 Triclosan µg/kg 1 1 Trifloxystrobin µg/kg 10 10 Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate µg/kg 1 1 Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate µg/kg 1 1 Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate µg/kg 1 1 Triticonazole µg/kg 10 10 25 Table 17. Summary statistics for other organic compounds with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the USGS. % Bisphenol A-d14 % 1 0 N/A N/A 30 30 N/A N/A N/A N/A 4H- Cyclopenta[def]phenanthr µg/kg 31 17 24.75 105 2.4 81 16 18 25 53 ene % Decafluorobiphenyl % 1 0 N/A N/A 23 23 N/A N/A N/A N/A Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate µg/kg 43 32 31 267.5 39 260 58 56 57 53 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro- 4,6,6,7,8,8- 119/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 8 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A hexa methylcyclopenta [g]- 2-benzopyran Indole µg/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 30 30 N/A N/A N/A N/A 3-Methylindole µg/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A % Nitrobenzene-D5 % 31 0 N/A N/A 4.4 72.6 34 15 36 19 N — number of results NDs —number of nondetects ND — nondetect value D — detected value KM — Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev —standard deviation IQR — interquartile range 4.5 Sediment Characteristics The stream sediment characteristics summarized in this section were analyzed by the City of Durham and the USGS. The City of Durham analyzed sediment samples for particle size distribution, bulk density, percent dry weight, moisture percent of the sample, wet weight, and total organic carbon. The USGS analyzed sediment samples for percent of inorganic carbon, percent of organic carbon, and percent of sulfur. The USGS sediment samples were also analyzed for particle size distribution; however, there was not sufficient sample method documentation to determine the percent of silt and the percent of clay in each sample. Therefore, the USGS particle size percentage data were omitted from this summary report. On average, 34 of the City of Durham's sediment samples consisted of 5.0% clay, 12.9% gravel, 24% silt, and 57.8% sand. Although sand and silt were the dominant particle sizes, the percent of sand ranged from 7% to 97.9% and the percent of silt ranged from 1.6% to 75%. Total organic carbon was analyzed in 114 sediment samples and concentrations ranged from 412 mg/kg to 1,630,000 mg/kg, with a median concentration of 2,030 mg/kg. A City of Durham monitoring location at New Hope Creek (NH3.ONHC) had the lowest detected concentration for total organic carbon, while the highest detected concentration for total organic carbon was reported for a City of Durham monitoring location at Ellerbe Creek (EL7.9EC). The sediment characteristics analyzed by the City of Durham and the USGS are shown below in Table 18. 26 Table 18. Summary statistics for sediment characteristics data set with and without nondetects. Data set for streambed sediment samples collected by the City of Durham and the USGS. Range of Noncletects Range of Detects Parameter Units N NDs Min ND Max ND Min D Max D KM Mean KM Stcl Dev Median•R Clay Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 1.92 75 19 23.7 8.10 15.3 % Clay % 34 0 N/A N/A 0.5 19 5.0 4.97 4.0 4.81 Gravel g 22 0 N/A N/A 0 407.5 71.03 109.1 19.76 63.53 Weight % Gravel % 34 0 N/A N/A 0 61.3 12.9 14.7 6.25 17.4 Sand g 22 0 N/A N/A 79.32 580.4 288.9 134.3 274.0 154.6 Weight % Sand % 34 0 N/A N/A 7 97.9 57.8 28.5 56.7 55.9 Silt Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 4.62 97.49 29.1 30.9 14.2 18.4 % Silt % 34 0 N/A N/A 1.6 75 24 25 8.9 44 Bulk Density g/cm3 34 0 N/A N/A 0.21 1.97 1.2 0.46 1.4 0.65 % Dry % 94 0 N/A N/A 60.3 84.2 75.7 4.00 75.8 3.88 Weight Moisture % % 34 0 N/A N/A 10 77.63 29.61 16.83 24 14.50 of Sample Wet weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 932.7 1,775 1356 210.6 1,375 213.0 soil Organic mg/kg 114 1 660 660 412 1,630,000 75,022 220,895 2,030 7,592 carbon % Inorganic % 21 9 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.015 0.0096 0.01 0.01 carbon % Organic % 97 0 N/A N/A 0.2 5.1 1.4 0.99 1.3 1.6 Carbon % Sulfur % 24 7 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.01 N - number of results NDs -number of nondetects ND - nondetect value D-detected value KM - Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev-standarddeviation IQR- interquartile range 27 REFERENCES City of Durham, 2009a. Ambient Sediment Bacteria Project Quality Assurance Project Plan. Stormwater & GIS Services Project 08-002a. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2009b. Attenuation of Bacteria Following a Sanitary Sewer Discharge Project Quality Assurance Project Plan. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Project 08-003a. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2010. Northeast Creek Watershed Metals Study Quality Assurance Project Plan. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Project 08-007-01. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2011a. Attenuation of Bacteria Following Remediation of a Sanitary Sewer Discharge. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Final Project Report 08-003a. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2011b. Assessment of Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Toxicity in the Northeast Creek Watershed, Durham North Carolina. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Final Project Report 08-007-01. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2013. Eno River Watershed Implementation Plan Data Collection Quality Assurance Project Plan. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Project 13-001. City of Durham Public Works Department, Durham, NC. City of Durham, 2014. Eno River Watershed Implementation Plan Data Collection. Stormwater & GIS Services Division Final Project Report 13-001. City of Durham Department of Public Works, Durham, NC. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Carbazole, CID=6854, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Carbazole (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. p,p'-DDD, CID=6294, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/p_p_-DDD (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, CID=4685, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1_4-Dichlorobenzene (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, CID=8343, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Bis_2-ethylhexyl= phthalate (accessed on May 12, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Fluoranthene, CID=9154, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Fluoranthene (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Metalaxyl, CID=42586, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Metalaxyl (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Methyl parathion, CID=4130, https:HPubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methyl-parathion (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) mm National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Naphthalene, CID=931, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Naphthalene (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Phenanthrene, CID=995, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phenanthrene (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Pyrene, CID=31423, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrene (accessed on Apr. 17, 2020) Pachepsky, Y. A. and Shelton, D. R. (2011) 'Escherichia Coli and Fecal Coliforms in Freshwater and Estuarine Sediments', Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 41: 12, 1067 — 1110. Shelton, L.R., and Capel, P.D., 1994. Guidelines for Collecting and Processing Samples of Stream Bed Sediment for Analysis of Trace Elements and Organic Contaminants for the National Water -Quality Assessment Program. U.S. Geological Survey Open -File Report 94-458. Earth Science Information Center, Denver, CO. Title 15A, Chapter 02B, Section .0211 of the North Carolina Administrative Code. Fresh Surface Water Quality Standards for Class C Waters. 15A NCAC 0213.0211. Amended Eff. January 1, 2015. Title 40, Chapter I, Subchapter N, Part 423, Appendix A of the Code of Federal Regulations. 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A. Amended November 3, 2015. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012. Recreational Water Quality Criteria. 820-F-12-058. Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. 29 APPENDIX A: Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Triassic Basin Ecoregion IN CITY OF DURHAM ------------------Persol�f __t rtE �y r i -W N+ i Fiat River + Jrra nvi i 1 f tittle River 0 § Cre �r • r +! Eno Rive Ora a ;r • • ham i t_4ftle tick Creek, Elieriae k 11 New Hope Creek + � • �I+ rh Third Fork Cre k r • cart Creek, r r • )New Hope C. eel � f a h4o an Creek J • i Turkey C r 1 1 ' bt Creek i White c; Creek ke ha am }+ r f r i i 0 2.5 5 90 1V1 it e s N A Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Triassic Basins Ecoregion Monitoring locations City Limits • City of Durham r-----j County Boundary • USGS 45c Carolina Slate Be It • Dine University 45f Northern Outer Watersheds Piedmont 45g Triassic Basins 30 APPENDIX B: Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Carolina Slate Belt Ecoregion CasAll I ------------------ f nce ' 4 I I Cane C I i Eno �R ivi O Ora Person Fork' ittlr 4 Flat Rivei i • 4! If f • ' Eno t2FVW ra J I + i I j 1_ittle Creek 0 unive ty Lak l ^' J ❑ i 0 j J Morgan Creek Dry Creek O keberry Creekw Chatha Ro 0 25 5 CITY OF DURHAM 90 --i IV1 it e s Wake Ile i � Ir� Stream sediment monitoring locations in the Carolina Slate Belt Ecoregion Monitoring locations Watersheds • City of Durham City Limits • USGS County Boundary • Dube University 45-- Carolina Slate Belt - 45g Triassic Basins 31 APPENDIX C: Stream sediment monitoring locations by project in Durham County Upper Tar -,�)r Grad Ile +,f 0 000 Orange 0 Durham , • 0 1 i D ++ 0 o • f; HPwu ------ --------------------11 t Stream sediment monitoring locations by project in ! Durham County �f ; Bacteria Atten uation City Limits + Study L_—_— I County Boundary } Northe ast Cree k Major Streams Chat am Assessments i Eno- River Watershed River Basin l Study 45b Southern Outer Ambient Sediment Piedmont 0 2.5 5 Bacteria Study 45c Carolina Slate Miles Belt • Duke University N Bernhardt Lab 45f Northern Outer USGS North Carolina Piedmont 0 Water Sciences 45g Triassic Basins CITY OF Cc nter DURHAM 32 APPENDIX D: List of streambed sediment monitoring sites in Chatham, Durham, Granville, Orange, and Wake Counties Creator City of Durham Station Name Backwater 10WQ027 Latitude 36.057520 Longitude -78.926580 Location Downstream side of Horton Rd bridge County Durham USGS County Code 63 Stream Warren Creek Watershed Eno River River Basin Neuse Ecoregion Level 4 ..- 45g Ecoregion Level 4 Name Triassic Basins City of Durham Backwater 10WQ049 35.993900 -78.933650 Between Anderson St and Academy Rd Durham 63 Sandy Creek Tributary D New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EL7.9EC 36.028744 -78.902605 Murray Ave near Museum of Life & Science Durham 63 Ellerbe Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EL8.1GC 35.994725 -78.885276 Holloway St Durham 63 Goose Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EL8.5SEC 36.017148 -78.914653 Club Blvd at Onslow St Durham 63 South Ellerbe Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EN10.3WC 36.057539 -78.926389 East of Guess Rd on Horton Rd Durham 63 Warren Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EN13.3ER 36.059452 -78.978614 Cole Mill Rd Durham 63 Eno River Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt City of Durham EN4.9ER 36.073054 -78.863457 Old Oxford Hwy at Snow Hill Road Durham 63 Eno River Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EN6.5CC 36.075373 -78.87308 Cub Creek near Stanley Rd Durham 63 Cub Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EN8.9ER 36.072287 -78.909342 West Point on Eno at Roxboro Rd Durham 63 Eno River Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham EN9.6CRC 36.077785 -78.917915 West of Roxboro Rd on Latta Rd Durham 63 Crooked Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham LL4.6LLT2 35.980926 -78.841268 Lynn Rd Durham 63 Little Lick Creek Tributary 2 Little Lick Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham Midstream 10WQ027 36.055010 -78.926990 Stadium Dr Trail between Horton Rd and Peppertree St Durham 63 Warren Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham Midstream 10WQ049 35.994030 -78.930370 Maplewood Cemetery north of Morehead Ave Durham 63 Sandy Creek Tributary D New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NEO.ONE 35.886737 -78.899769 Sedwick Rd Durham 63 Northeast Creek Northeast Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NE1.2NE 35.902831 -78.900454 NC Hwy 54 Durham 63 Northeast Creek Northeast Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NE2.2NP 35.910835 -78.895168 Meridian Pkwy at first stream crossing Durham 63 North Prong Northeast Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NH2.3MC 35.974900 -78.984525 Pickett Rd Durham 63 Mud Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NH3.ONHC 35.979599 -79.001621 Erwin Rd Orange 135 New Hope Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham NH3.3SC 35.983324 -78.956900 East of Hwy 15-501 on Cornwallis Rd Durham 63 Sandy Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham TF4.4TC 35.964511 -78.913131 Weaver St Durham 63 Third Fork Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham TF5.1RC 35.962846 -78.901468 Elmira St Durham 63 Rocky Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham TF5.6TC 35.979232 -78.914511 Forest Hills Park Durham 63 Third Fork Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham Upstream 10WQ027 36.053650 -78.925990 Stadium Dr Trail between Peppertree St and Cannon Dr Durham 63 Warren Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins City of Durham Upstream 10WQ049 35.993530 -78.925380 Maplewood Cemetery north of Morehead Ave Durham 63 Sandy Creek Tributary D New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL AB 35.76964167 -78.73518611 Wake 183 Walnut Creek Walnut Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL B1 35.94099 -79.05972 Orange 135 Crow Branch Little Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL B2 35.90357 -79.07997 Orange 135 Morgan Creek Tributary Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL B3 36.13192 -78.83308 Lake Michie Dam Rd Durham 63 tributary to Flat River Flat River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL CM 35.795567 -78.625072 Wake 183 Cemetary Branch Crabtree Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL DS07 35.89319278 -78.86761556 Durham 63 tributary to Burdens Creek Northeast Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL DS13 35.97685917 -78.88888028 Burton Park Durham 63 tributary to Third Fork Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL DS31 35.98091722 -78.84287333 Durham 63 tributary to Little Lick Creek Little Lick Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL DW05 35.6356 -78.72777778 Wake 183 Middle Creek Middle Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL DW07 35.66183611 -78.80492556 Wake 183 Middle Creek Middle Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL DW10 35.71875 -78.75277778 Wake 183 Swift Creek Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL DW21 35.84544444 -78.72444444 Wake 183 Sycamore Creek Turkey Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont 33 DUBL Station Name DW35 LatitudeCreator 35.97916667 Longitude -78.56111111 Location County Wake USGS County ..• 183 Horse Creek Horse Creek Neuse ..- 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL E01 35.66262278 -78.77005889 Wake 183 Camp Branch Middle Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL E04 35.77442 -79.11829 Chatham 37 Pokeberry Creek Haw River Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL E05 35.77611111 -79.16777778 Chatham 37 Brooks Creek Haw River Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL E07 35.815722 -78.661008 Wake 183 Southwest Prong Beaverdam Creek Crabtree Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL E11 35.8931 -79.0595 Orange 135 Morgan Creek Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL E12 35.92387 -79.11497 Orange 135 Morgan Creek Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL E13 35.9272222 -79.0383333 Orange 135 Bolin Creek Little Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL E15 36.087585 -79.06500611 Orange 135 Strouds Creek Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL FH 35.97691611 -78.91285583 Durham 63 Third Fork Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL GC 35.99318833 -78.88378472 Durham 63 Goose Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL LM 36.00437 -78.97117 Durham 63 Mud Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL M08 36.184603 -79.023231 Orange 135 North Fork Little River Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M14 36.13076667 -79.17601667 Orange 135 Tributary to West Fork Eno Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M15 36.107667 -79.1646 Orange 135 Tributary to Eno Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M16 36.1195525 -79.13634222 Orange 135 Dry Run Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M20 36.10912806 -79.02248194 Orange 135 tributary to Buckwater Creek Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M21a 36.04906389 -78.96914917 Durham 135 Nancy Rhodes Creek Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M24 36.05250306 -78.92970472 Durham 63 tributary to Warren Creek Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL M25 36.02439 -79.02159 Orange 135 Rhodes Creek Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M29 36.15824389 -78.76038056 Granville 77 tributary to Picture Creek Knap of Reeds Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL M32 35.65235 -79.21573 Chatham 37 tributary to Rocky River Rocky River Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M38 35.77822444 -78.86740972 Wake 183 White Oak Creek White Oak Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL M39 35.79278333 -78.83950194 Wake 183 Turkey Creek Turkey Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL M46 35.9382 -78.72646 Wake 183 Upper Barton Creek Upper Barton Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL M51 35.59422167 -78.86907389 Wake 183 tributary to Buckhorn Creek Buckhorn Creek Cape Fear 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL M58 35.62076444 -78.66447333 Wake 183 Little Creek Middle Creek Neuse 65m Rolling Coastal Plain DUBL M68 35.94522778 -79.23785722 Orange 135 tributary to Cane Creek Cane Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M71 35.85676 -79.14188 Chatham 37 Wilkinson Creek Haw River Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL M75 35.89863 -78.76051 Wake 183 Sycamore Creek Turkey Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL MT 36.00417 -78.97167 Durham 63 tributary to Mud Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL NG 36.02226 -78.89726 Durham 63 Ellerbe Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins DUBL PB 35.87146 -78.7601 Wake 183 Potts Branch Turkey Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL PHY 36.00316 -78.94476 Durham 63 tributary to Sandy Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL RB 35.785561 -78.679434 Wake 183 Rocky Branch Walnut Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont DUBL SA 35.99075 -78.940475 Durham 63 Sandy Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins DUBL ST 36.03751944 -79.07342222 Orange 135 Stony Creek Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL UM 36.00863 -78.96875 Durham 63 Mud Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02085000 36.0711111 -79.0955556 ENO RIVER AT HILLSBOROUGH, NC Orange 135 Eno River Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208503422 36.0271111 -78.9891667 RHODES CREEK TRIB ABOVE NC HWY 751 NEAR DURHAM, NC Orange 135 Rhodes Creek Tributary Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt 34 USGS NCWSC Station Name USGS-0208503920 LatitudeCreator 36.0479167 Longitude -78.9702778 Location NANCY RHODES CR ABOVE COLE MILL ROAD NR DURHAM, NC County Durham USGS County ..• 63 Rhodes Creek Eno River Neuse ..- 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208503945 36.0835278 -78.9673056 SEVENMILE CK TRIB AT INVERNESS DRIVE NR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Sevenmile Creek Tributary Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208503990 36.0734722 -78.9516111 ENO RIVER TRIB BL CLOVER HILL PLACE NR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Eno River Tributary Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208505880 36.0952778 -78.9232778 CROOKED CR TRIBUTARY AT GREENBAY DR NR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Crooked Creek Tributary Eno River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-02085067 36.0629167 -78.9102222 BLACK MEADOW RUN AT ARGONNE DRIVE NEAR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Black Meadow Run Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02085070 36.0722222 -78.9077778 ENO RIVER NEAR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Eno River Eno River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-0208521324 36.1416667 -78.9191667 LITTLE RIVER AT SR1461 NEAR ORANGE FACTORY, NC Durham 63 Little River Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208524090 36.1497222 -78.8966667 MOUNTAIN CREEK AT SR1617 NR BAHAMA, NC Durham 63 Mountain Creek Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0208524975 36.1133333 -78.8597222 LITTLE R BL LITTLE R TRIB AT FAIRNTOSH, NC Durham 63 Little River Little River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-0208525095 36.1024167 -78.8857222 CABIN BRANCH TRIB AT PARAGON CIRCLE NR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Cabin Branch Tributary Little River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02085500 36.1827778 -78.8788889 FLAT RIVER AT BAHAMA, NC Durham 63 Flat River Flat River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-02086624 36.1279222 -78.7983389 KNAP OF REEDS CREEK NEAR BUTNER, NC Granville 77 Knap of Reeds Creek Knap of Reeds Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02086849 36.0593111 -78.8325065 ELLERBE CREEK NEAR GORMAN, NC Durham 63 Ellerbe Creek Ellerbe Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-0208700780 35.9865346 -78.7991726 LITTLE LICK CR AB SR1814 NR OAK GROVE, NC Durham 63 Little Lick Creek Little Lick Creek Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02087324 35.8111111 -78.6108333 CRABTREE CREEK AT US 1 AT RALEIGH, NC Wake 183 Crabtree Creek Lower Crabtree Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-0208732885 35.8169444 -78.5930556 MARSH CREEK NEAR NEW HOPE, NC Wake 183 Marsh Creek Lower Crabtree Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-02087359 35.7583333 -78.5830556 WALNUT CREEK AT SUNNYBROOK DRIVE NR RALEIGH, NC Wake 183 Walnut Creek Walnut Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-02087580 35.7188889 -78.7522222 SWIFT CREEK NEAR APEX, NC Wake 183 Swift Creek Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-0208758850 35.6936111 -78.6922222 SWIFT CREEK NEAR MCCULLARS CROSSROADS, NC Wake 183 Swift Creek Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-0208762755 35.7307 -78.6702 UNNM TRIB TO SWIFT CR AT NCSU RSRCH UNIT, RALEIGH Wake 183 Swift Creek Tributary Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-02096846 35.9872222 -79.2061111 CANE CREEK NEAR ORANGE GROVE, NC Orange 135 Cane Creek Cane Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0209722970 35.9832222 -78.9568056 SANDY CREEK AT CORNWALLIS RD NEAR DURHAM, NC Durham 63 Sandy Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02097280 35.9226389 -78.9524167 THIRD FORK CR AT WOODCROFT PARKWAY NR BLANDS, NC Durham 63 Third Fork Creek Third Fork Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02097314 35.885 -78.9652778 NEW HOPE CREEK NEAR BLANDS, NC Durham 63 New Hope Creek New Hope Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-0209734440 35.9223056 -79.066 BOLIN CREEK AT VILLAGE DRIVE AT CHAPEL HILL, NC Orange 135 Bolin Creek Little Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-0209741955 35.8722222 -78.9130556 NORTHEAST CREEK AT SR1100 NR GENLEE, NC Durham 63 Northeast Creek Northeast Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02097464 35.9236111 -79.115 MORGAN CREEK NEAR WHITE CROSS, NC Orange 135 Morgan Creek Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-02097517 35.8933333 -79.0197222 MORGAN CREEK NEAR CHAPEL HILL, NC Orange 135 Morgan Creek Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-02097521 35.8611111 -79.01 MORGAN CREEK NR FARRINGTON, NC Chatham 37 Morgan Creek Morgan Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-0209782609 35.7602778 -78.9202778 WHITE OAK CR AT MOUTH NEAR GREEN LEVEL, NC Wake 183 White Oak Creek White Oak Creek Cape Fear 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-353633078411002 35.6093472 -78.6862944 MIDDLE CR NR FUQUAY-VARINA BRIDGE 910273, UPSTREAM Wake 183 Middle Creek Middle Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-353633078411003 35.6093472 -78.6862944 MIDDLE CR NR FUQUAY-VARINA BRIDGE 910273 DOWNSTRM Wake 183 Middle Creek Middle Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-354217078392202 35.704975 -78.6563028 SWIFT CREEK AT GARNER, BRIDGE 910255, UPSTREAM Wake 183 Swift Creek Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-354217078392203 35.704975 -78.6563028 SWIFT CREEK AT GARNER BRIDGE 910255, DOWNSTREAM Wake 183 Swift Creek Swift Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-354703078304802 35.7841667 -78.5133333 MANGO CR NR RALEIGH, BRIDGE 911102, UPSTREAM Wake 183 Mango Creek Mango Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-354703078304803 35.7841667 -78.5133333 MANGO CR NR RALEIGH, BRIDGE 911102, DOWNSTREAM Wake 183 Mango Creek Mango Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-355247078325002 35.8798611 -78.5472583 PERRY CR NR RALEIGH BRIDGE 910124, UPSTREAM Wake 183 Perry Creek Perry Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-355247078325003 35.8798611 -78.5472583 PERRY CR NR RALEIGH BRIDGE 910124 DOWNSTREAM Wake 183 Perry Creek Perry Creek Neuse 45f Northern Outer Piedmont USGS NCWSC USGS-360456078511602 36.0822222 -78.8544444 LITTLE RIVER BRIDGE 310025 NR DURHAM, UPSTREAM Durham 63 Little River Little River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins USGS NCWSC USGS-360456078511603 36.0822222 -78.8544444 LITTLE RIVER BRIDGE 310025 NR DURHAM, DOWNSTREAM Durham 63 Little River Little River Neuse 45g Triassic Basins 35 USGS NCWSC Station Name USGS-360829078550902 LatitudeCreator 36.1416167 Longitude -78.9193583 Location LITTLE R AT ORANGE FACTORY BRIDGE 310064 UPSTREAM County Durham USGS County ..• 63 Little River Little River Neuse ..- 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-360829078550903 36.1416167 -78.9193583 LITTLE R NR ORANGE FACTORY, BRIDGE 310064 DWNSTRM Durham 63 Little River Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-360908078540702 36.1523861 -78.9021583 MOUNTAIN CR NR BAHAMA, BRIDGE 310005, UPSTREAM Durham 63 Mountain Creek Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-360908078540703 36.1523861 -78.9021583 MOUNTAIN CR NR BAHAMA, BRIDGE 310005, DOWNSTREAM Durham 63 Mountain Creek Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-361037078545402 36.1769444 -78.915 MOUNTAIN CR BRIDGE 310061 NR BAHAMA, UPSTREAM Durham 63 Mountain Creek Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt USGS NCWSC USGS-361037078545403 36.1769444 -78.915 MOUNTAIN CR BRIDGE 310061 NR BAHAMA, DOWNSTREAM Durham 63 Mountain Creek Little River Neuse 45c Carolina Slate Belt DUBL— Duke University Bernhardt Lab USGS NCWSC — United States Geological Survey North Carolina Water Science Center 36 APPENDIX E: Categories to classify data in this study and category descriptions Category ProjectName Description The name of the dataset or project that produced the data (e.g. Ambient Monitoring). Unique identifier associated with the name of the dataset or project that produced the data. The name of organization or people who created the data (e.g. City of Durham); preferred format for organization name is the legal designator (i.e. formal name) of an organization; preferred format for personal name is surname first (e.g. Lee, Bruce). Unique identifier for the monitoring site; City of Durham stations begin with two letters for the watershed, followed by the number of stream miles from the station to the nearest lake reservoir (Falls or Jordan) rounded to the tenth decimal place, and ending with two letters for the stream name (e.g. LC2.ORBC, where LC = Lick Creek and RBC = Rocky Branch Creek). Latitude of monitoring site in decimal degrees with at least four decimal places (e.g. 35.96332). ProjectCode Creator StationName Latitude Longitude Longitude of monitoring site in decimal degrees with at least four decimal places (e.g.-78.7538). Location Concise description of the location of the monitoring station, which generally includes a road name, a nearby intersection, or other landmark (e.g. West Point on the Eno at Roxboro Rd). County Name of the county where the monitoring site is located (e.g. Durham). Stream Name of the stream where the monitoring site is located (e.g. Ellerbe Creek); preferred reference is the USGS Geographic Names Information System. Watershed USGS Hydrologic Unit Code Watershed name (e.g. Third Fork); HUC-10. RiverBasin USGS Hydrologic Unit Code Basin name (e.g. Cape Fear); HUC-6 . EcoregionLevel4Code The code indicating the type of Level IV Ecoregion where the sample was taken. EcoregionLevel4Name The name of the Level IV Ecoregion where the sample was taken. Medium Name or code indicating the environmental medium where the sample was taken (e.g. Sediment). MediumSubdivision Name or code indicating the environmental matrix as a subdivision of the sample media (e.g. Bottom material). SampleCollectionMethodCode Identification number or code for the sample collection method assigned by the method publisher. SampleCollectionMethod The title that appears on the sample collection method from the method publisher. Indicates that a sample was filtered in the field or the laboratory prior to sample analysis (e.g. Field). Method used for filtering a sample (e.g. EPA 1669). Type of quality control sample collected to detect contamination from ambient conditions, sampling equipment, sampling precision, laboratory analysis precision, etc. (e.g. Duplicate). Filtered FilterMethod QAQCSample Date The calendar date on which a sample or measurement was collected. Time The time of day when a sample or measurement was collected. DateTime The date and time of sample or measurement collection; preferred format is m/d/yyy mm:hh (e.g. 8/27/2013 10:22); 24-hour time format. Year The year when a sample or measurement was taken. Month The month when a sample or measurement was taken. Parameter Name of the physical, biological or chemical constituent measured or analyzed (e.g. Chromium); preferred format is full name rather than abbreviated name. Value Numerical result for the parameter being measured or analyzed. Unit Unit of measurement for the parameter result (e.g. mg/kg). D Parameter The sample detection code. "1" = sample result detection and "0" = no sample result detection. This column is required for importing data into USEPA ProUCL software. QACode Unique data qualifier code that indicates limitations or biases in the data; manual entry by the data reviewer or automated by the database. LabQCode Unique data qualifier code that indicates limitations or biases in the data; submitted with the laboratory report. DetectionQuantitationLimitName Text describing the type of detection or quantitation level used in the analysis of a parameter (e.g. Method Detection Limit (MDL)). DetectionQuantitationLimitValue Constituent concentration that, when processed through the complete method, produces a signal that is statistically different from a blank. DetectionQuantitationLimitUnit Unit of measurement for the quantitation limit value (e.g. ug/kg). ResultSampleFraction The text name of the portion of the sample associated with results obtained from a physically -partitioned sample. ResultParticleSizeBasis User defined free text describing the particle size class for which the associated result is defined. ResultValueType A name that qualifies the process which was used in the determination of the result value (e.g., actual, estimated, calculated). ResultWeightBasis The name that represents the form of the sample or portion of the sample which is associated with the result value (e.g., wet weight, dry weight, ash -free dry weight). 37 Category SampleComments Description Observations and notes regarding site conditions, illicit discharges, sampling procedures, etc. Free text with general comments concerning the result. The identification number or code assigned by the method publisher. The title that appears on the method from the method publisher. A brief summary that provides general information about the method. Remarks which further describe the laboratory procedures which produced the result. ResultComments ResultAnalyticalMethodldentifier ResultAnalyticalMethodName MethodDescription ResultLaboratoryComment RainlnLast24Hours Amount of rainfall within the previous 24 hours of sample collection. SkyCondition Weather conditions observed during sample collection. FlowSeverity Streamflow conditions observed during sample collection (e.g. High). CompCode Identifier indicating a grab or composite sample (e.g. Q. Thalweg Indicates if the sample was collected in the thalweg of the stream (i.e. Yes or No). Lab Name of laboratory responsible for analysis of samples and delivery of results; preferred format is full laboratory name, city, state. APPENDIX F: Summary statistics for all sediment chemistry data compiled in this report IL Parameter Group Ba Parameter E. Coli MPN/g IN 94 INDs 0 Range of Noncletects Min IND Max IND N/A N/A Range Min D 1 of Detects Max D,& KM 111MLIDev 27,600 N/A 1,636 269 N/A 3,744 4je 200 1,500 Bacteria Fecal Coliform cfu/g 93 0 N/A N/A 62 366,000 N/A 9,810 2,027 N/A 38,468 2,000 5,323 Nutrients Nitrate + Nitrite as N mg/kg 12 6 2.7 3.3 2.3 3.2 2.5 N/A N/A 0.26 N/A 2.7 0.212 Nutrients Nitrate as N mg/kg 12 4 2.3 2.4 2.3 3.2 2.5 N/A N/A 0.27 N/A 2.4 0.14 Nutrients Nitrite as N mg/kg 12 12 0.052 0.071 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.059 0.005 Nutrients Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/kg 12 0 N/A N/A 71 900 284 N/A N/A 277 N/A 145 151 Nutrients % Nitrogen % 16 0 N/A N/A 0.15 0.34 0.2 N/A N/A 0.06 N/A 0.19 0.05 Nutrients Total Phosphorus mg/kg 41 0 N/A N/A 70 1,700 462 N/A N/A 379 N/A 340 410 Nutrients % Phosphorus % 8 1 0.005 0.005 0.027 0.055 0.037 N/A N/A 0.014 N/A 0.04 0.011 Metals Aluminum mg/kg 77 0 N/A N/A 2,360 182,399 34,820 N/A N/A 27,220 N/A 32,682 32,260 Metals % Aluminum % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.97 11 6.78 N/A N/A 2.63 N/A 6.15 4.35 Metals Antimony mg/kg 28 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.6 N/A N/A 0.3 N/A 0.4 0.3 Metals Arsenic mg/kg 92 3 0.00025 0.00025 0.105 22 2.87 N/A N/A 3.66 N/A 1.74 3.68 Metals Barium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 100 740 403 N/A N/A 150 N/A 390 130 Metals Beryllium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 0.2 4.1 1.3 N/A N/A 0.84 N/A 1 0.5 Metals Bismuth mg/kg 21 21 0.06 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals Cadmium mg/kg 56 19 0.00932 0.1 0.0155 0.5 0.0787 N/A N/A 0.0859 N/A 0.1 0.063 Metals Calcium mg/kg 65 1 0.00013 0.00013 0.0104 10,000 1,054 N/A N/A 2,331 N/A 0.0334 0.056 Metals % Calcium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.059 1.8 0.614 N/A N/A 0.463 N/A 0.5 0.15 Metals Cerium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 6 100 30.6 N/A N/A 20.4 N/A 27 18 Metals Cesium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 0.49 2.9 1.1 N/A N/A 0.64 N/A 0.87 0.59 Metals Chromium mg/kg 102 0 N/A N/A 0.93 270 25.2 N/A N/A 31.2 N/A 16.76 24.2 Metals Cobalt mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 1 61 14 N/A N/A 10 N/A 13 7.7 Metals Copper mg/kg 108 0 N/A N/A 1.5 258.9 21 N/A N/A 28.7 N/A 12.9 16.1 Metals Europium mg/kg 8 8 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals Gallium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 2 22 9.8 N/A N/A 4.4 N/A 9 6 Metals Gold mg/kg 8 8 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals Gross -Uranium mg/kg 37 16 50 50 0.6 5.3 1.5 N/A N/A 0.98 N/A 2.1 48.7 Metals Holmium mg/kg 8 8 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals Iron mg/kg 14 0 N/A N/A 8,300 38,000 18,871 N/A N/A 8,696 N/A 18,500 13,575 Metals % Iron % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.31 9.4 4.03 N/A N/A 1.68 N/A 3.5 1.3 Metals Lanthanum mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 3 62 14 N/A N/A 12 N/A 10 5 Metals Lead mg/kg 101 0 N/A N/A 1.01 48 12.9 N/A N/A 10.1 N/A 9.56 12.8 Metals Lithium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 1 42 14 N/A N/A 10 N/A 13 13 Metals Magnesium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 430 3,600 1,910 N/A N/A 785 N/A 2,000 1,000 Metals % Magnesium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.029 0.94 0.37 N/A N/A 0.22 N/A 0.3 0.2 Metals Manganese mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 160 3,400 1,212 N/A N/A 765 N/A 970 960 Metals Mercury mg/kg 52 4 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.82 0.05 N/A N/A 0.11 N/A 0.03 0.033 Metals Molybdenum mg/kg 28 12 0.5 1 0.6 5 0.95 N/A N/A 0.84 N/A 1 0.15 39 Group Metals 0 E n irs Neodymium mg/kg N 8 NDs 0 Range of Noncletects Min ND Max ND N/A N/A Range Min D 2 of Detects Max D 15 KM Mean 11 Mean N/A Geo Mean N/A KM Std Dev 4.1 Stcl Dev N/A MedianParameter 11.5 •R 3.75 Metals Nickel mg/kg 108 1 2 2 0.18 60 7.8 N/A N/A 8.5 N/A 5.89 7.87 Metals Niobium mg/kg 12 2 4 4 3 6 4 N/A N/A 1 N/A 4 2.25 Metals Potassium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 2,900 24,000 9,869 N/A N/A 5,377 N/A 8,600 4,200 Metals % Potassium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.25 2.3 1.09 N/A N/A 0.57 N/A 0.9 0.46 Metals Rubidium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 10 130 38 N/A N/A 28.6 N/A 31 5 Metals Scandium mg/kg 21 1 2 2 2 18 6.95 N/A N/A 4.5 N/A 6 6 Metals Selenium mg/kg 24 1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.5 N/A N/A 0.2 N/A 0.5 0.2 Metals Silver mg/kg 89 53 0.0005 2 0.0152 0.598 0.091 N/A N/A 0.123 N/A 0.121 0.485 Metals Sodium mg/kg 13 0 N/A N/A 3,800 14,000 7,508 N/A N/A 2,974 N/A 6,600 4,200 Metals % Sodium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.2 1.6 0.5 N/A N/A 0.3 N/A 0.35 0.29 Metals Strontium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 16 260 108 N/A N/A 45.6 N/A 100 51 Metals Tantalum mg/kg 12 8 1 1 0.1 0.2 0.1 N/A N/A 0.04 N/A 1 0.825 Metals Thallium mg/kg 37 37 0.08 50 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals Thorium-232 mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 1 11 3.6 N/A N/A 2 N/A 3 1 Metals Tin mg/kg 24 2 1 1 1 11 2.4 N/A N/A 2.1 N/A 2 1 Metals Titanium mg/kg 4 0 N/A N/A 3,200 5,200 4,450 N/A N/A 866 N/A 4,700 500 Metals %Titanium % 24 0 N/A N/A 0.1 0.69 0.51 N/A N/A 0.18 N/A 0.61 0.29 Metals Vanadium mg/kg 37 0 N/A N/A 10 240 86.1 N/A N/A 48.3 N/A 93 40 Metals Ytterbium mg/kg 8 2 1 1 1 2 1.3 N/A N/A 0.4 N/A 1 0.25 Metals Yttrium mg/kg 21 0 N/A N/A 2 35 11 N/A N/A 7.3 N/A 10 7 Metals Zinc mg/kg 108 0 N/A N/A 4.38 190 43.6 N/A N/A 37.8 N/A 32.4 34.3 PAHs Acenaphthene µg/kg 31 28 24.75 105 12 47 15 N/A N/A 8.1 N/A 45 41 PAHs Acenaphthylene lug/kg 31 25 24.75 105 4.8 20 10 N/A N/A 5 N/A 26 41 PAHs Anthracene µg/kg 44 32 24.75 105 13 110 23 N/A N/A 17 N/A 49 36 PAHs Anthraquinone µg/kg 31 14 24.75 105 12 430 44 N/A N/A 74 N/A 38 29 PAHs Benzo(a)anthracene µg/kg 50 29 6.1 105 11 350 38 N/A N/A 56 N/A 37 39 PAHs Benzo(a)pyrene µg/kg 51 31 6.8 105 10 340 40 N/A N/A 56 N/A 43 39 PAHs Benzo(b)fluoranthene µg/kg 31 14 24.75 105 13 610 78.6 N/A N/A 121 N/A 61 56.5 PAHs Benzo[e]pyrene µg/kg 31 13 25 105 3.3 326 46 N/A N/A 63 N/A 44 46 PAHs Benzo[ghi]perylene kg/kg 43 33 24.75 105 26 300 42 N/A N/A 44 N/A 61 29 PAHs Benzo[k]fluoranthene kg/kg 31 18 24.75 105 18 230 39 N/A N/A 42 N/A 44 41 PAHs Chrysene kg/kg 50 27 8.4 105 11 620 57 N/A N/A 97 N/A 46 49 PAHs Cumene kg/kg 1 1 107 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PAHs Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene µg/kg 50 45 5.6 105 23 95 15 N/A N/A 17 N/A 57 42 PAHs Dibenzothiophene µg/kg 30 27 24.75 105 6.3 55 9.1 N/A N/A 10.8 N/A 45 40 PAHs 1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene µg/kg 31 27 24.75 105 2.0 3.2 2.4 N/A N/A 0.5 N/A 44 41 PAHs 1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 12 17 15 N/A N/A 2.5 N/A 44 41 PAHs 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene µg/kg 32 18 24.75 105 2.7 34 13 N/A N/A 8.6 N/A 25 40 PAHs 2-Ethylnaphthalene µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 2.6 3.6 3.1 N/A N/A 0.5 N/A 44 41 PAHs Fluoranthene µg/kg 51 20 4.1 65 12 1700 114 N/A N/A 248 N/A 50 90 M PAHs % Fluoranthene-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-d10 Units % N 1 NDs 0 Range of Noncletects Min ND N/A Max ND N/A Range Min D 92 of Detects Max . 92 N/A N/A N/A Dev N/A Std D- N/A N/A N/A PAHs Fluorene µg/kg 38 35 8.4 105 11 48 11 N/A N/A 8 N/A 26 39 PAHs % 2-Fluorobiphenyl % 31 0 N/A N/A 24.4 71.6 49.9 N/A N/A 10.9 N/A 50 14 PAHs Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene µg/kg 43 32 24.75 110 25 270 41.2 N/A N/A 41 N/A 61 28 PAHs 2-Methyl anth racene kg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 12 20 16 N/A N/A 4 N/A 44 41 PAHs 1-Methylfluorene kg/kg 31 31 24.75 105 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PAHs 1-Methylnaphthalene µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PAHs 2-Methylnaphthalene µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PAHs 1-Methylphenanthrene µg/kg 31 20 24.75 105 2.5 50 13 N/A N/A 12 N/A 41 46 PAHs 1-Methylpyrene µg/kg 31 24 24.75 105 2.0 38 12 N/A N/A 9.1 N/A 44 41 PAHs Naphthalene µg/kg 51 48 8.4 105 12 25 11 N/A N/A 4.5 N/A 36 28 PAHs Perylene µg/kg 31 1 72 72 5.7 478 64 N/A N/A 87 N/A 33 76 PAHs Phenanthrene µg/kg 44 26 7.75 150 6.8 1200 64 N/A N/A 179 N/A 43 46 PAHs Phenanthridine µg/kg 30 29 24.75 105 36 36 26 N/A N/A 2.9 N/A 43 40 PAHs Pyrene µg/kg 39 12 6.8 65 10 1300 99 N/A N/A 209 N/A 42 71 PAHs % p-Terphenyl-d14 % 31 0 N/A N/A 42.4 95.3 62.7 N/A N/A 13.4 N/A 59.2 20.5 PAHs 2,3,6-Trimethylnaphthalene µg/kg 31 29 24.75 105 3.0 5.9 4.5 N/A N/A 1.5 N/A 44 41 PCBs Aroclor 1016 mixt. with Aroclor 1242 µg/kg 1 1 15 15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PCBs Aroclor1254 µg/kg 1 1 15 15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PCBs Aroclor1260 µg/kg 1 1 15 15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PCBs % Nonachlorobiphenyl % 1 0 N/A N/A 71.5 71.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Alachlor µg/kg 10 10 0.6 0.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Aldrin µg/kg 1 1 6 6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Allethrin µg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides 5-Amino-l-[2,6-dichIoro-4-(trifIuoromethyl) phenyl]-4- [(trifluoromethyl)thio]pyrazole-3-carbonitrile µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Atrazine µg/kg 11 11 1.5 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1.5 N/A Pesticides Azinphos-methyl kg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Azoxystrobin kg/kg 10 9 0.9 0.9 3.2 3.2 1.1 N/A N/A 0.69 N/A 0.9 0 Pesticides Benfluralin µg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Bifenthrin µg/kg 10 3 0.6 0.6 0.6 3.2 1.2 N/A N/A 0.8 N/A 0.8 0.85 Pesticides Boscalid µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Bromacil µg/kg 1 1 535 535 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Butralin µg/kg 10 10 1.6 1.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Butylate µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Captan µg/kg 10 10 3.1 3.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Carbaryl µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 41 Group Parameter Pesticides Carbazole µg/kg N 31 NDs 12 Range of Noncletects Min ND Max ND 25 105 Range Min D 1.8 of Detects Max D 160 KM Mean 23 Mean N/A Geo Mean N/A KM Stcl Dev 31 Stcl Dev N/A MedianParameter 25 • 35 Pesticides Carbofuran µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides cis -Chlordane kg/kg 1 1 3 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides trans -Chlordane kg/kg 1 1 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides 2-Chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Chlorothalonil kg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Chlorpyrifos kg/kg 11 11 0.9 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.9 N/A Pesticides Chlorthal-dimethyl µg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Clomazone µg/kg 10 10 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Coumaphos µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides p-Cresol µg/kg 1 1 267.5 267.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cycloate µg/kg 10 10 0.8 0.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cyfluthrin µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cyhalofop butyl µg/kg 10 10 0.8 0.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cyhalothrins µg/kg 10 10 0.7 0.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Beta Cypermethrin kg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cyproconazole kg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Cyprodinil kg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides p,p'-DDD µg/kg 11 10 1 7.5 2.0 2.0 1.1 N/A N/A 0.3 N/A 1.0 0 Pesticides p,p'-DDE µg/kg 11 10 1 4.5 2.3 2.3 1.1 N/A N/A 0.39 N/A 1.0 0 Pesticides p,p'-DDT µg/kg 11 11 0.8 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.8 N/A Pesticides Deltamethrin µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Desulfinylfipronil amide µg/kg 10 10 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Diazinon µg/kg 11 11 1.6 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1.6 N/A Pesticides 3,4-Dichloroaniline µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides 3,5-Dichloroaniline µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides p-Dichlorobenzene kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides 1,4-Dichlorobenzene kg/kg 12 12 26 35 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 27 N/A Pesticides Dieldrin kg/kg 1 1 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide kg/kg 1 1 107 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Difenoconazole µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Dimethomorph µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Dithiopyr µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides alpha-Endosulfan µg/kg 1 1 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Endrin µg/kg 1 1 3 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Esfenvalerate µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Ethalfluralin µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Etofenprox µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Famoxadone kg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fenarimol kg/kg 10 10 1.4 1.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fenbuconazole µg/kg 10 10 1.8 1.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 42 Group Pesticides Fenhexamid µg/kg N 10 NDs 10 Range of Noncletects Min ND Max ND 2.5 2.5 Range Min D N/A of Detects Max D N/A KM Mean N/A Mean N/A Geo Mean N/A KM Stcl Dev N/A Stcl Dev N/A MedianParameter N/A N/A Pesticides Fenpropathrin µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fenpyroximate kg/kg 10 10 1.9 1.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fenthion kg/kg 10 10 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fipronil kg/kg 10 10 1.6 1.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fipronil Sulfone kg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fluazinam kg/kg 10 10 2.1 2.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fludioxonil µg/kg 10 10 2.5 2.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Flufenacet µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Flumetralin µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Fluoxastrobin µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Flusilazole µg/kg 10 10 2.2 2.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Flutolanil µg/kg 10 10 2.1 2.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Flutriafol µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides % alpha-HCH-d6 % 1 0 N/A N/A 68.5 68.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 68.5 0 Pesticides Heptachlor kg/kg 1 1 3 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Heptachlor epoxide kg/kg 1 1 4.5 4.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Hexachlorobenzene kg/kg 31 31 9 105 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane kg/kg 1 1 4.5 4.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane µg/kg 1 1 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Hexazinone µg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Imazalil µg/kg 10 10 1.8 1.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Indoxacarb µg/kg 10 10 2.4 2.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Iprodione µg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides % Isodrin % 1 0 N/A N/A 79.1 79.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 79.1 0 Pesticides Kresoxim-methyl µg/kg 10 10 0.5 0.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Lindane kg/kg 1 1 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Malathion kg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Metalaxyl kg/kg 10 7 1.9 1.9 5.2 34.2 5.8 N/A N/A 9.6 N/A 1.9 2.5 Pesticides Metconazole kg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Methidathion kg/kg 10 10 1.8 1.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Methoprene µg/kg 10 10 1.6 1.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Methoxychlor µg/kg 1 1 10.5 10.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Methyl parathion µg/kg 22 22 1.1 55 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 40.5 N/A Pesticides Metolachlor µg/kg 11 11 0.7 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.7 N/A Pesticides Mirex µg/kg 1 1 4.5 4.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Molinate µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Myclobutanil µg/kg 10 10 1.7 1.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides trans-Nonachlor kg/kg 1 1 3 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Napropamide kg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Novaluron µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 43 Group Parameter Pesticides Oxadiazon µg/kg N 10 NDs 7 Range of Noncletects Min ND Max ND 1.4 1.4 Range Min D 2.1 of Detects Max D 3.6 KM Mean 1.9 Mean N/A Geo Mean N/A KM Std Dev 0.85 N/A MedianParameter N/A • 0.53 Pesticides Oxyfluorfen µg/kg 10 10 1.9 1.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pebulate kg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pendimethalin kg/kg 10 9 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.0 0.92 N/A N/A 0.36 N/A N/A 0 Pesticides Pentachloroanisole kg/kg 40 40 1.1 105 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 25 N/A Pesticides Pentachloronitrobenzene kg/kg 40 40 1.1 105 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 25 N/A Pesticides Permethrin kg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Phenothrin µg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Phosmet µg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Phostebupirim µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Piperonyl butoxide µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Prodiamine µg/kg 10 9 1.4 1.4 2.0 2.0 1.5 N/A N/A 0.18 N/A N/A 0 Pesticides Prometon µg/kg 11 11 1.3 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1.3 N/A Pesticides Prometryn µg/kg 10 10 2.7 2.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pronamide kg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Propanil kg/kg 10 10 2.2 2.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Propargite kg/kg 10 10 2.2 2.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Propiconazole kg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pyraclostrobin µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides 1H-Pyrazole-3-carbonitrile, 5-amino-l-[2,6-dichloro-4- (trifIuoromethyl) phenyl]-4-(trifIuoromethyl)- µg/k g 10 10 1.8 1.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pyridaben µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Pyrimethanil µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Resmethrin µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Simazine µg/kg 10 10 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Stigma stan-3.beta.-ol µg/kg 1 1 535 535 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tebuconazole µg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tebupirimfos oxygen analog kg/kg 10 10 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tefluthrin kg/kg 10 10 0.7 0.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tetraconazole µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tetradifon kg/kg 10 10 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tetramethrin µg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Thiazopyr µg/kg 10 10 1.9 1.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Thiobencarb µg/kg 10 10 0.6 0.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Toxaphene µg/kg 1 1 600 600 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Triadimefon µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Triadimenol µg/kg 10 10 1.5 1.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Triallate µg/kg 10 10 1.4 1.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Tribufos µg/kg 10 10 2.2 2.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Group Pesticides Tributyl phosphate µg/kg N 1 NDs 1 Range of Noncletects Min ND Max ND 53.5 53.5 Range Min D N/A of Detects Max D N/A KM Mean N/A Mean N/A Geo Mean N/A KM Stcl Dev N/A Stcl Dev N/A MedianParameter N/A N/A Pesticides Triflumizole µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Trifluralin kg/kg 10 10 0.9 0.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Triphenyl phosphate kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Vinclozolin kg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Pesticides Zoxamide µg/kg 10 10 1.1 1.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Acetophenone µg/kg 1 1 160.5 160.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds AHTN kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Benzene, 1,1'-oxybis[2,4-dibromo- kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Benzophenone kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds % Bisphenol A-d14 % 1 0 N/A N/A 30 30 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Camphor jig/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Cholesterol µg/kg 1 1 267.5 267.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Coprosterol µg/kg 1 1 535 535 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds p-Cumylphenol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene µg/kg 31 17 24.75 105 2.4 81 16 N/A N/A 18 N/A 25 53 Other Organic Compounds % Decafluorobiphenyl % 1 0 N/A N/A 23 23 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Diethyl phthalate kg/kg 43 43 24.75 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Ethanol, 2-(4-nonylphenoxy)- kg/kg 1 1 535 535 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate kg/kg 10 10 0.8 0.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate kg/kg 43 32 31 267.5 39 260 58 N/A N/A 56 N/A 57 53 Other Organic Compounds Tau-fluvalinate kg/kg 10 10 1.2 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran µg/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 8 8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Indole µg/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 30 30 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Isoborneol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Isophorone µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Isoquinoline µg/kg 1 1 107 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds D-Limonene µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds (1R,2S,5R)-Menthol kg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 3-Methylindole kg/kg 1 0 N/A N/A 2 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Methyl mercury(1+) µg/kg 2 2 0.11 0.11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds % Nitrobenzene-D5 % 31 0 N/A N/A 4.4 72.6 34 N/A N/A 15 N/A 36 19 Other Organic Compounds 4-Nonylphenols µg/kg 1 1 802.5 802.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 4-Nonylphenol diethoxylates µg/kg 1 1 1070 1070 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds p-Octylphenol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Phenol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Phenol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxy- µg/kg 1 1 160.5 160.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ELI Other Organic Compounds I beta-Sitosterol µg/kg 1 1 Range of Noncletects 870 870 Range N/A of Detects _djj� KM Mean N/A N/A LQMIIM__ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 2-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethanol µg/kg 1 1 267.5 267.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 2-[2-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl butyl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethanol µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene µg/kg 30 30 24.75 105 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Triclosan µg/kg 1 1 53.5 53.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Trifloxystrobin µg/kg 10 10 1 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate µg/kg 1 1 160.5 160.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate µg/kg 1 1 107 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Tris(1,3-dichIoro-2-propyl)phosphate µg/kg 1 1 107 107 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Organic Compounds Triticonazole µg/kg 10 10 1.8 1.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Sediment Characteristics Clay Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 1.92 75 19 N/A N/A 23.7 N/A 8.1 15.3 Sediment Characteristics % Clay % 34 0 N/A N/A 0.5 19 5 N/A N/A 4.97 N/A 4 4.81 Sediment Characteristics Gravel Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 0 407.5 71.03 N/A N/A 109.1 N/A 19.76 63.53 Sediment Characteristics % Gravel % 34 0 N/A N/A 0 61.3 12.9 N/A N/A 14.7 N/A 6.25 17.4 Sediment Characteristics Sand Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 79.32 580.4 288.9 N/A N/A 134.3 N/A 274 154.6 Sediment Characteristics % Sand % 34 0 N/A N/A 7 97.9 57.8 N/A N/A 28.5 N/A 56.7 55.9 Sediment Characteristics Silt Weight g 22 0 N/A N/A 4.62 97.49 29.1 N/A N/A 30.9 N/A 14.2 18.4 Sediment Characteristics % Silt % 34 0 N/A N/A 1.6 75 24 N/A N/A 25 N/A 8.9 44 Sediment Characteristics Bulk Density g/cm3 34 0 N/A N/A 0.21 1.97 1.2 N/A N/A 0.46 N/A 1.4 0.65 Sediment Characteristics % Dry Weight % 94 0 N/A N/A 60.3 84.2 75.7 N/A N/A 4 N/A 75.8 3.88 Sediment Characteristics Moisture % of Sample % 34 0 N/A N/A 10 77.63 29.61 N/A N/A 16.83 N/A 24 14.5 Sediment Characteristics Wet weight soil g 22 0 N/A N/A 932.7 1,775 1356 N/A N/A 210.6 N/A 1,375 213 Sediment Characteristics Organic carbon mg/kg 114 1 660 660 412 1,630,000 75,022 N/A N/A 220,895 N/A 2,030 7,592 Sediment Characteristics % Inorganic carbon % 21 9 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.015 N/A N/A 0.0096 N/A 0.01 0.01 Sediment Characteristics % Organic Carbon % 97 0 N/A N/A 0.2 5.1 1.4 N/A N/A 0.99 N/A 1.3 1.6 Sediment Characteristics % Sulfur % 24 7 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.04 N/A N/A 0.01 N/A 0.04 0.01 N - number of results NDs -number of nondetects ND - nondetect value D - detected value Geo Mean - geometric mean KM - Kaplan -Meier Method Std Dev -standard deviation IQR - interquartile range 46