I-25_Ambient Sampling Audits 2018-2022

CITY OF
DURHAM
Date: April 5, 2022
To: J.V. Loperfido, Asst. Water Quality Manager
From: Joey Smith, Monitoring & Assessment Group Supervisor
Subject: 2022 Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings
Memo
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with
quality assurance measures and standard operating procedures. It also provides an
opportunity to re -assess the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued
relevance of specific sampling locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by
Stormwater Services is both reliable and reproducible. The auditor will not perform any
duties that may bias the results of the field audit. The following tables are used to
document equipment calibration, field preparation, and sample collection.
STAFF
Auditor name: Joey Smith
Date, start/end time: February 81h, 2022, 8:00-12:00
Sampling day: Day 2
Watersheds: Little Lick Creek, Lick Creek, Northeast Creek
Field staff: Dave Milkereit, Blaine Lary
Meter calibration: Dave Milkereit
Post -sampling check: Blaine Lary
Meter collections: Blaine Lary
Sample collections: Dave Milkereit
GENERAL CONDITIONS. Weather conditions were characterized by areas of fog, with
mostly cloudy skies in the morning. The overnight low temperature was 34' F with a high
of 50' F on the day of sampling. Winds were 5-8 mph and out of the northeast. Sampling
was conducted following 0.53 inches of precipitation within the previous 24 hours as
reported by the KRDU weather station. This resulted in higher flows and increased
turbidity at all sites. LC1.1LC, Lick Creek at Southview Road, could not be sampled safely on
the day of the audit due to ongoing electrical utility maintenance.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
x❑
❑
❑
Completed by D. Milkereit
documented.
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
x❑
❑
❑
No problems noted.
are documented.
Field meter in good working order.
N
❑
❑
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
N
❑
❑
Slope test is still listed, but no
longer used in quarterly
maintenance.
Regular meter maintenance completed as
x❑
❑
❑
Monthly and quarterly
scheduled.
maintenance performed on
1/25/22.
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
x❑
❑
❑
5 minutes for DO stabilization.
pH and conductivity were
allowed to stabilize for
approximately 1 minute.
Post -sampling check completed and fully
N
❑
❑
Completed by B. Lary.
documented.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
N
❑
❑
For pH: 4.0, exp. 2/22; 7.0, exp.
unexpired.
11/22; 10.0, exp. 11/22. For
Conductivity: 200, exp. 5/22;
1000, exp. 2/22. For Turbidity:
100, exp. 5/22.
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
❑x
❑
❑
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑x
❑
Bottles labeled correctly.
x❑
❑
❑
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
N
❑
❑
Duplicate and field blank
location).
collected at LL3.4LC. Duplicate
samples collected by B. Lary.
Field parameters measured properly.
❑x
❑
❑
Meter readings recorded by B.
Lary.
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
❑x
❑
❑
Samples collected by D.
bottles fully submerged, sediment not disturbed,
Milkereit.
etc.).
Samples taken from thalweg.
N
❑
❑
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
❑x
❑
❑
5 coolers, half filled with ice
Sufficient ice in coolers.
were used.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Temperature blank included in coolers?
x❑
❑
❑
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
x❑
❑
❑
Field pump used correctly, and lot numbers
N
❑
❑
Dissolved metals samples were
recorded.
collected last, filters were
inverted and allowed to purge
vertically first.
Field forms filled out correctly.
N
❑
❑
Completed by B. Lary.
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
N
❑
❑
Completed by B. Lary, reviewed
by D. Milkereit.
Samples delivered within hold times.
N
❑
❑
Submitted to the lab at 11:10
am. Approximately 3 hours
after first samples were
collected.
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
❑x
❑
❑
4.30 C
Appropriate project references available (maps,
❑
❑
❑
Updated 2022 Project Notebook
station information sheets, etc.).
was used.
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
❑x
❑
❑
Cones and flashers were used at
(flashing lights, orange cones).
all sites.
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests, disposable
❑x
❑
❑
All staff wore face masks, chest
gloves, safety shoes).
waders, safety coats, and gloves.
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SITE INFORMATION
1. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
LL3.4LLT2 8:08 8:20 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Moderately turbid flow due to the previous night's rain.
2. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
LL3.4LLC 8:28 8:53 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Moderately turbid flow. This is the QA site and the duplicate and field blank was collected here.
3. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
LC1.1LC 09:01 09:03 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Not sampled due to electrical utility work immediately over the site.
4. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
LC2.ORBC 09:11 09:24 Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑x N/A ❑
Comments: High and turbid flow at this site. While there are 4 culverts present, 3 have extensive sediment
infill.
5. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NE2.2NP 09:48 09:58 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Turbid flow observed. This is a stream gage site, stage was recorded as 0.29 ft.
6. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NEO.ONE 10:04 10:19 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Turbid high flow. Banks are heavily incised at this site.
7, Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NE1.2NE 10:26 10:45 Upstream ❑ Downstream x❑ N/A ❑
Comments: This site is the only site that requires the use of a pole sampler. Pole sampler was difficult to use.
8. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
Field Blank 8:28 8:53 Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑x
Comments: Field blank samples were collected at LL3.4LLC. Sample time was recorded as 8:30.
9. Arrival Time Departure Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
Duplicate 8:28 8:53 Upstream x❑ Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Duplicate samples were collected by B. Lary in tandem with D. Milkereit at LL3.4LLC.
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COMMENTS AND RECOMENDED CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
In general, field staff showed skill in routine ambient monitoring consistent with their
experience. Physical and chemical parameters were collected at the appropriate depth and
position in the stream. Physical and chemical results are shown below in Table 1. Field
blank results for all but total phosphorous were reported at or below the laboratory
reporting limit, indicating proper sample handling by field staff. All results for total
phosphorus collected during February were rejected due to field blank contamination. This
was also the only parameter with contamination, indicating that it likely occurred during
the analysis of samples in the laboratory and not at the point of sample collection or
handling. Duplicate samples were also collected, and percent differences between results
were calculated. Percent differences ranged from 0% (total copper) to 17% (ammonia
nitrogen), indicating relatively good overall agreement between duplicate samples.
The pH probe slope test is included as part of the quarterly maintenance schedule. This test
monitors for issues with the pH probe, which degrades over time. This information is also
collected during routine calibration, which renders this test redundant, so staff no longer
perform the pH slope test as part of quarterly maintenance. The pH slope test could be
removed from quarterly meter maintenance but should be included in the SOP covering
meter calibrations as a method for troubleshooting pH probe issues.
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Table 1 Chemical and physical results collected during the ambient audit, February St", 2022.
2/8/2022
Field Blank
LC2.ORBC
LL3.4LLC
LL3.4LLC-
Duplicate
LL4.6LLT2
NEO.ONE
NE1.2NE
NE2.2NP
8:30 AM
9:15 AM
8:40 AM
8:40 AM
8:15 AM
10:10 AM
10:30 AM
9:50 AM
Nutrients
Ammonia Nitrogen, mg/L
0.04 Ul
0.04 Jz
0.06
0.05
0.04 J
0.04 U
0.06
0.04 U
Nitrate + Nitrite as N, mg/L
0.04 U
0.22
0.38
0.37
0.42
0.25
0.27
0.25
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, mg/L
0.12 U
0.62
0.78
0.88
0.68
0.56
0.68
0.60
Total Phosphorus, mg/L
8.70 Z3
0.03 U,R4
0.11 R
0.08 R
0.10 R
0.06 R
0.07 R
0.06 R
Total Suspended Solids, mg/L
2.5 U
11.0
29.6
30.0
18.8
44.6
40.8
25.4
Metals
Antimony, µg/L
-
-
-
-
-
0.23 J
0.28 J
0.15 J
Copper, µg/L
0.11 J
2.61 J
8.83 J
8.81 J
6.82 J
9.51 J
11.40
5.33 J
Dissolved Copper, µg/L
0.55 J
1.82 J,J75
7.18 J
7.33 J
5.52 J
7.01 J
7.58 J
4.00 J
Zinc, µg/L
0.14 J
4.08 J
17.60
17.90
14.20
13.50
16.40
12.40
Dissolved Zinc, µg/L
0.56 J
1.33 J,J7
12.50
12.90
12.52
5.86 J
6.16 J
5.96 J
Hardness, mg of CaCO3/L
1 U
38
44
51
71
58
61
46
Ions
Calcium, µg/L
23 U
10,200
14,100
12,000
20,100
15,200
16,100
11,700
Magnesium, µg/L
28 U
3,117
3,864
3,424
5,067
4,792
5,027
4,088
Fecal Coliform, CFU/100mL
1 U
840
4,600
4,600
1,640
2,200
2,900
2,900
Field Parameters
Specific Conductance, µS/cm at 25°
C
-
118
165
-
226
282
113
176
Dissolved Oxygen, mg/L
-
12.0
11.8
-
11.9
10.7
11.4
11.4
Dissolved Oxygen Saturation, %
-
94
92
-
93
84
90
90
pH
-
6.7
6.4
-
6.4
7.2
7.2
7.0
Temperature, °C
-
5.0
4.9
-
4.9
5.1
5.5
5.3
Turbidity, NTU
-
31.2
62.0
-
41.8
84.0
76.0
57.0
1. U- The contaminant was not detected at a concentration greater than the detection limit.
2. J- The reported value is less than the laboratory Method Reporting Limit (MRL) but greater than or equal to the Method Detection Limit (MDL)
3. Z- Sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample and meet QC criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte can't be verified.
4. R- Sample rejected due to blank contamination exceeding value reported.
5. J7- Blank Contamination evident, value may not be accurate.

CALIBRATION
Date.
Initials:
POST CHECK
Date: 319e2cra- -
7nne: iv.ys
Initials: t3L J
Monitoring pH Data
Min: _6 '1
if PH is < 6.9, post check with pH 4.0
Sys, iantl!actUn€:e 5tantlard (uSJt:;-a a_'x`v�
25°C) .Ei
Std Lot No. Expiration f
200 214 f,4A Z py-Z
i0J0 i�'tl D ,2 7A 1.2 2 p 7-2-
Post Check -Some Std. y N
' 01 Standard (s.u.)
Std
ct ry ' c.
Expirrliion
7
10
_
4
Q%
2 ZQv� I
1
Nost Ore::6:- tia.me Std? CYJ N
"Turold ily inpt@r, :ire c;ilibrated uuarteriv. sc-�•Turbidity Calibration Boob. For details
Aier Caubr unn CEO sr-r+Sot ✓aluA, �.p. r- cell Constant and the pti dope / +° lope c, i cc c . _: w ,
F" SVV%DMsion FileslWater Qua lity)Monitoring References'SCiPSrtvtetris'<yrr!u,ci,( alitrahor is -sheets B Malnterrance L cgs�C,:,ibratien Sheeran
Figure 1 Meter calibration and post check sheet collected as part ambient audit, February 8rh, 2022.
YSI Pro Plus /Meter C, iration f Post Check Sheet
S/N: ;-7 C J C' Hach Turbidity Meter S/N (/y `7�� 1 a
Field Crew: CITY OF
DURHAM
Turbidity Fie Trip Check
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Calibration DO Post Check
Turbidity (NTI.I) _
<0.1 NTU
Di F120 (<D.1)
©y N
Temperature ('Q) % % Temp (°C)! 1 Jr J
? Bammetric Pressure (InHg): Z�, 7 i BP (InHg):
% --T�� .—
DO (rng/L) DO (%} DO (mg/L)
I _ xx.x I xa ?_ Xx.X x.xx
Stc�. 1)D NTUL�' O / nitia_ /Q .2 . 7% ZJ ' qc6. L 1 4 .72 aS
- ct� , 3D - 11D NTtj7 A ,u t ! 9 2 f ---°
'©
1td Lxp. irate• [ Zoz �' NharDO
(;< mg/ DO (ia} �p Chart DO F
Turbidity meter ,ast callbrnted �% � g Y
Z Wifhin±l7-S'? r
> ��, 57�, wIthir
ISpecific Conductance (i;S/cln at'='- ) Calibration
Specific ConductEnre Post Check
Std. Value
lernp
Initia
Two
� �
20� 4
x.x
z G� ✓'
-Dry Air— *
x.x
/
1,000
aa.�i J
?Go m Dry Air* 1
x.x x.r. I
Zov . J o J
Adjusted
s
! After Ca:ibration"
Cell Constant
1E0.0-220.0?
v N i
,- 3.0?
Y NJ
. -1.1610?.
D N/
I C, f
.� N
7. J
/
Acceptable Cell Constant renege: 4.0 - S.0
?H (-.u.^Calibration' erfnrm 2- t cafibrabont fc unit
} tp P }
C�nf r-na',or
��wr ®�y
pi-: Pa+# L'I!ec.,c
q
_
Std.%ialr,e
7-
10
(rt'i:i' c si>}
7
10
Temp'
Initial
%,L3�
/O �Z J
DI
7.t� �ram.
3.iss
neo,oH
'7: c�31
/2
.
i .00
_�
.0'3
7.oz
his
lo,[,
j
u. J-
Adjusted
3 6 J
fter Calibration
Slope (rnV)
Slope (% of ideal}
Vicnii 'r+.i
/'�
W h;n z !? ? '
l
':1R ! + D 2;'
I J
r�
N
IV
V
Arceptcrble ore slope (rnV/pNJ. 55 - 50 mV /pH slope (P/ of idealJ: 93 % to 102% Ideal pH slope = SL m'✓ � (

Month: February Day: 2 Date: 2/8/2022 Field Staff:_t& . Dh Rain last 24 hrs?(l N
Site # Lab 9 Samp Cloud Flow Air H;O DO DO r,H SPC Turb Dist
Time temp temp (US/cm Thwg? from
Location method cover sev f,C) ;.CI % (mdL) fs,_:.) @ 25'C) (NTU) Thw
gfft 1
LL4.6LLT2 82
j
ynnRd,5ofHwys8
;S 5I
Da
O
'3
q.(� ({_q I q3 l tt.4 I b•'{
.21,FLIt.9
(ON
Comment:
LL9.4LLC 81 "i,t.:
Mineral Springs Rd, N
of 98
Comment:
LC1.1LC 168
Southview Rd, 5 of 98
I `
q ', LA O D�7 c7 =3q
6,z Y
Y N I
E :
Comment: Staff Gage
Did„'+ r ► v� �o t! tr-e, y�'l:+y �.+a^� :rsc3'�
LC2.ORBC 169
Kemp Rd & Southview q ,ts 00 o tk 4 1 S.o qy ti1L.o 6.7 11 $ 8N
Rd i 31.7.'
Comment:
amp metfiod��rec gyp; = coop; = ump; = er -�
Cloud cover: Sun = Sunny (:525%); PC = Partly cloudy (26-75%); O = Overcast (>75%)
Flow sev: Enter value from 1(dry) to 5 (flood)
Figure 2 Field sheets for routine ambient monitoring, February 8th, 2022

Month: February Day:2 Date:2/8/2022 Field Staff: EjL, Lily Rain last 241his? 1(�f N
I
Site # Lab #
Samp Cloud Flow Air
Time temp
H2O DO
temp
%
Dot
DO PH SPC Turb
(us/cm Thwg? from
(mg/L) (S—)Le25-C) (NT�I
Location
method cover sev rQ
(,C)
Thwg (ft)
NE2.2NP 17
Meridian Pkwy
rq Sc7 17�
(�
3
1{ •�.
3 asJ
i ►. r^( 7,
�1-7165
7
i� N
Comment: Staff Gage 1 , A ,
NEO.ONE 19
SedwickRd `a7.1�oo �5- 5.1 94 10.7 7.1 292 94
Comment:
NE1.2NE 11
Hwy 54, W of Hwy 55
Comment:
I
I
DO 0 7 6. ' ga 7. x 11.3 7,6 YO 10
Samp method: DD = Direct dip, S = Scoop; P - Pump; 0 = Other
Cloud cover: Sun = Sunny (<_25%); PC = Partly cloudy (26-753'e); O = Overcast (>75%)
Flow sev: Enter value from 1 (dry) to 5 (flood)
Month: February Day: 2 Date: 2/8/2022 Field Staff:
Duplicate site:
Field blank site:
Plastic DI lot #:
LL3.4LLC (81) QC Lab # 31
LL3.4LLC (81) QC Lab # 224
211 2n i A Filter lot #:
Rain last 24 hrs? Y N
Duplicate time: Actual sample time: B K�
Field Blank time: �5: 30
Duplicate time: Actual sample time (when the bottles are dipped) minus 15 mins.
Field Blank time: Actual time field blank is taken (must be different than bottle dip time).
Samp method: DO = Direct dip; S = Scoop; P = Pump; O = Other
Cloud cover: Sun - Sunny (<_25%); PC = Partly cloudy (26-755/6); O - Overcast (>75%)
Flow sev: Enter value from 1 (dry) to 5 (flood)
Figure 3 Field sheets for ambient monitoring, February 8th, 2022

CITY OF
DURHAM
Date: July 21, 2021
To: John V. Loperfido, Asst. Water Quality Manager
From: Joseph Smith, Monitoring & Assessment Group Supervisor
Subject: Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings- CY21
Memo
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with quality
assurance measures and standard operating procedures and provides an opportunity to re-
assess the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued relevance of specific sampling
locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by Stormwater Services is both reliable and
reproducible. The auditor will not perform any duties that may bias the results of the field audit.
The following tables are used to document equipment calibration, field preparation, and sample
collection.
STAFF
Auditor name:
Joseph Smith
Date, start/end time:
May 18th, 2021, 7:00- 12:00
Sampling day:
Day 3
Watersheds:
New Hope Creek
Field staff:
Dave Milkereit/ Blaine Lary
Meter calibrations:
Dave Milkereit
Sample collections:
Blaine Lary
General Conditions
Less than 0.1 inches of precipitation over the preceding 72 hours. Weather was overcast with a
high of 77 ° F. Winds were light and variable. At the USGS gauging station 0209722970 Sandy
Creek at Cornwallis rd. near Durham NC (ambient sampling station NH3.3SC) mean discharge
was 0.97 CFS and a mean stage of 2.12 ft. on May 18th, 2021. Both were below average.
Historical data from 2009-2020 recorded a yearly mean discharge range of 3.12 to 13.1 CFS.
and a yearly mean stage range of 2.04 to 2.36 ft.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND
MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
®
❑
❑
Calibrations completed by D.
documented.
Milkereit.
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
®
❑
❑
No Issues documented.
are documented.
Field meter in good working order.
®
❑
❑
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
®
❑
❑
Regular meter maintenance completed as
M
❑
❑
Quarterly maintenance
scheduled.
completed on 3/29/2021.
Monthly maintenance
completed on 4/27/2021.
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
®
❑
❑
— 30 seconds for all
parameters.
Post -sampling check completed and fully
®
❑
❑
Post -sampling check
documented.
completed by B. Lary.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
❑x
❑
❑
pH 7 exp. Date: 8/22
unexpired.
pH 10 exp. Date:8/22
pH 4 exp. Date: 9/21
Sp. Conductivity 200 pS/cm
exp. date: 8/21
Sp. Conductivity 1000 pS/cm
exp. date: 8/21
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
❑
®
❑
Meter S/N not recorded. Meter
S/N was 4366 and was
recorded after post -sampling
check by B. Lary.
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑
❑x
Sampling filter and tubing was
new. Sampling pole was not
used on this day.
Bottles labeled correctly.
®
❑
❑
Some of the bags were open
in the clean room. Bags were
sealed before leaving annex
garage.
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
®
❑
❑
FB collected at truck, duplicate
location).
collected at NH1.OSC.
Field parameters measured properly.
®
❑
❑
Field parameters recorded by
D. Milkereit.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
❑x
❑x
❑
Samples Collected by B. Lary.
bottles fully submerged, sediment not
Duplicates performed by both
disturbed, etc.).
team members. DI lot #
210413, filter lot # was B2178.
Samples taken from thalweg.
❑x
❑
❑
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
❑x
❑
❑
Five coolers, half full of ice.
Sufficient ice in coolers.
Temperature blank was
included.
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
❑x
❑
❑
Filter was fully purged and
flushed. Turbidimeter vials
were rinsed in triplicate with
site water.
Field forms filled out correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
Field forms filled out by D.
Milkereit.
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
Completed by B. Lary,
reviewed by D. Milkereit.
Samples delivered within hold times.
❑x
❑
❑
Samples submitted at 10:54
am.
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
❑x
❑
❑
5.20 C
Appropriate project references available
❑x
❑
❑
Cover of field notebook still
(maps, station information sheets, etc.).
has "2020" instead of "2021".
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
❑x
❑
❑
(flashing lights, orange cones).
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests,
❑x
❑
❑
New gloves used at each site,
disposable gloves, safety shoes).
staff wore waders or hip boots
and safety vests during
sampling.
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Site Information
1
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH4.4SCTD 08:20
08:27
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: D. Milkereit noted light rain last night. Site
had low flow, with visible iron -oxidizing bacteria in
reach.
2
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH3.3SC 08:36
08:50
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: TOC sampled by B.
Lary. Sample site located adjacent to sanitary sewer, downstream of
pipe crossing.
3
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH3.ONHC 09:05
09:10
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: No Comments
4
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH2.3MC 09:20
09:25
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Stream gage is out of the water, and located on a sandbar with emergent grasses. Evidence
of iron -oxidizing bacteria upstream of the site.
5
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH1.OSC 09:32
09:53
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: This was the QA sample site. Start time was recorded as 9:40, with a duplicate sample time
of 9:25.
6
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NH1.7SCTA 10:02
10:10
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Pictures of site taken as part of ongoing issues at this site. Dissolved oxygen observed at
3.3 mg/L. Due to ongoing issues at this site the low values were not reported to IDDE.
7
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
NHO.ONHC 10:18
10:32
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Site has low flow with turbid water.
8
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
Duplicate 09:32
09:53
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: No Comments
9
Departure
Arrival Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
Field Blank 09:32
09:53
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A 0
Comments: DI Lot # 210413, filter lot # B2178.
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f

Other Comments and Observations
Two of the three stream gages were no longer in the channel due to moving bed
conditions. These stream gages are not accurately measuring stage during low flow,
and relocation may be warranted depending on monitoring goals. This issue is also a
common problem at other monitoring locations. Staff showed great familiarity with
sampling standard operating procedures. NH1.OSC (Sandy Creek at Garret Road) has
a large drainage ditch that is cut off from the main channel during periods of low flow by
a depositional sandbar. This drainage feature was inundated with visible stagnant water
of an unknown depth. during higher flows, this area may become connected to the main
channel and have an outsized influence on the sampling site due to its proximity to the
sampling site. Depending on program goals, this site may need to move upstream of
this confluence or further downstream to allow adequate mixing.
Corrective Actions and Recommendations
Staff showed great skill in following protocol during sampling. Sample bottle bags
should be sealed following bottle labeling and preparation to minimize the chance of
contamination between preparation and sampling. In a review of field blank samples,
the analysis did not show evidence of contamination by field staff or from blank water.
Dissolved and total copper and zinc were detected at low levels and J or J7 qualified,
indicating detection in prepared blanks, which is normal for samples analyzed by the
South Durham Water Reclamation Facility Laboratory. Comparisons between duplicate
samples were also within reason, with minor differences noted in reported ammonia
(0.09 U, 0.12 mg/L) and fecal coliform (115, 84 CFU) values. Staff will update the
Ambient Monitoring Notebook cover from "2020" to "2021".
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00 0

CITY OF
DURHAM
Date: May 14t', 2020
Memo
To: J.V. Loperfido, Assistant Water Quality Manger
From: Joseph Smith, Environmental Planning and Compliance Analyst
Subject: Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with quality
assurance measures and standard operating procedures and provide an opportunity to re -assess
the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued relevance of specific sampling
locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by the Water Quality Unit is both reliable and
reproducible. The auditor will not perform any duties that may bias the results of the field audit.
The following tables are used to document equipment calibration, field preparation, and sample
collection.
STAFF
Auditor name: Joseph Smith
Date, start/end time: February 18, 2020 7:30 — 13:00
Sampling day: Day 3
Watersheds: Third Fork, New Hope Creek
Field staff: Cailleret, Christine/ Milkereit, Dave/ Lary, Blaine
Meter calibrations: Cailleret, Christine
Sample collections: Lary, Blaine
GENERAL CONDITIONS: Based on USGS gauging station: 0209725960, Third Fork Creek at
M.L. King Parkway, 24-hour total precipitation was 0.01 in, and stream discharge ranged from
1.35 to 1.41 cubic feet per second during the audit period. Cloud conditions were noted as
overcast. Ambient air temperatures ranged from 7.7 to 10.7 'C. Stream flow was rated as "3- Flow
is Normal", at all sites.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND
MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
❑x
❑
❑
Performed by CC, WQU
documented.
should consider acceptable
range for barometric deviance
as well as thermistor checks.
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
❑x
❑
❑
are documented.
Field meter in good working order.
❑x
❑
❑
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
❑x
❑
❑
Monthly- 1/28/20
Quarterly- 12/20/19, Turbidity
also calibrated.
Regular meter maintenance completed as
❑x
❑
❑
Monthly- 1/28/20
scheduled.
Quarterly- 12/20/19, Turbidity
also calibrated.
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
❑x
❑
❑
Approximately 90 sec given to
stabilization, monitored by staff
for no oscillation in readings
before accepted.
Post -sampling check completed and fully
❑x
❑
❑
Completed by BL.
documented.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
❑x
❑
❑
SC standard for 1000 pS had
unexpired.
different expiration dates on
bottle and box (5/20, 2/20
respectively) this was due to a
transcription error from the
actual exp. date of 2/20. Staff
were notified and date was
corrected on the bottle.
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
❑x
❑
❑
CC corrected error on cal. log
following correction of
expiration date noted above.
Struck through, initialed, and
dated.
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑
❑x
No added field equipment was
used, coolers and bottle bins
are rinsed monthly.
Bottles labeled correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
❑x
❑
❑
FB and Dup. at TF5.1 RC,
location).
collected by CC (sample) and
DM(Dup.)
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Field parameters measured properly.
©
❑
❑
Meter allowed to acclimate
while samples are collected.
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
©
❑
❑
BL/DM/CC
bottles fully submerged, sediment not
disturbed, etc.).
Samples taken from thalweg.
❑x
❑
❑
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
❑x
❑
❑
Sufficient ice in coolers.
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
❑x
❑
❑
Cartridge filter allowed to
purge and run 10 to 20 sec
before sample collected.
Turbidity vial rinsed.
Field forms filled out correctly.
®
❑
❑
DM
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
®
❑
❑
BL, Check by CC
Samples delivered within hold times.
®
❑
❑
11:30 submittal time
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
®
❑
❑
2.3° C
Appropriate project references available
®
❑
❑
Detailed maps with most
(maps, station information sheets, etc.).
efficient route to all sites.
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
©
❑
❑
Cones/ flashers at every site,
(flashing lights, orange cones).
also used spotter in areas with
limited sightlines
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests,
®
❑
❑
All staff also wore waders.
disposable gloves, safety shoes).
Gloves used at every site
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SITE INFORMATION
Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
1. TF6.5RCUT
08:30 08:40
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A 0
Comments: Slight sewage smell, notified IDDE Supervisor for
investigation.
Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
2. TF5.1 RC
08:50 09:15
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Field blank and duplicate here. Very turbid water in comparison to rest of sites (125 NTU).
3. TF4.4TC Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
9:20 09:30
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Sampled downstream of submerged sewer pipe.
4. TF5.4TC Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
09:40 09:50
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A 0
Comments: New site, sampled upstream of minor stormwater outfall.
Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
5. NH3.3SC
10:00 10:10
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Sampled downstream of a sewer pipe crossing, pipe
created submerged flow and acted as
a surface skimmer. With a back eddy of foam and trapped leaf
litter.
6. TF3.4TC Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:20 10:35
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: numerous submerged tires in the reach.
Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
7. TF2.5TCTC
10:40 10:50
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comment: minimal flow available for sampling. sandy alluvial deposits throughout the reach.
Arrival Time Departure Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
8. TF1.OTC
10:55 11:10
Upstream ❑ Downstream 0 N/A ❑
Comments: indicators of recent moving bed deposition, staff had to navigate through knee deep mud to
reach thalweg.
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OTHER COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS
All staff showed skill in sampling and following protocol during the audit. Safe practices
were followed throughout, and gloves were donned on site. Review of the field blanks
results do not indicate significant issues with staff methodology or cross contamination
issues.
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
No significant corrective actions are recommended at this time. Staff showed strict
adherence to SOP for field collection of water chemistry samples, and observations. Newer
staff was closely monitored with no errors observed. The pole sampler was not brought for
this trip, but in periods of high flows following rain events it is included in the field kit. Staff
recently updated all maps in the and information pages in the ambient field notebook. Staff
have also added additional safety measures, including a map with areas showing the
closest hospital to use.
Recommendations:
staff should avoid, when possible, sampling immediately downstream of pipe crossing that
may affect ambient conditions. In some cases, pipe crossings can channel groundwater
flow adjacent to the outer surface causing concentrated discharge areas that are not
representative of areas upstream, particularly in low flow conditions.
Thermistors on multiparameter meters should be checked for accuracy using an ambient
temperature bath and ice bath against a NIST traceable thermometer. pH, DO, and SC are
all temperature dependent parameters.
Additional unlabeled bottles should be carried in the field in the event of unforeseen events
such, when waiting on other IDDE staff to follow up may result in a missing an illicit
discharge. This sample can then be tested later using a chemets kit or submitted to a lab
as needed.
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month: February
Day: 3
Date: 2/18J2020
Field Si L
V/y, 7 i Rain last 24 hrs3
Y N
Site # Lab #
5amp
Time method
Cloud
cover
Flow
sev
Air
temp
.azO
temp
DO
%
DO ph 'PC Turb
(mg/L) (s.u-) (US/cm (NTU)
Thwg?
Dist
from
Location
(�C}
VC)
@25°C)
Thwg(ft)
TF5.5RCUT 142
!ima Ave, at Burton
Fark
/Lt
C2 O
r
TFS.IPC 130 QC
Elmira Ave
07.7
76
71
3(&
TF4.4TC IN
Weaver St
Comment: G�
TF5.47C 232
forest Wood Or
IZS
o-P 0 3 7.9 ZJ 9� iDrj �7J 35-3 73 �&N �
Comment:
!amp method: DD =Direct dip; 5= Scoop; P = Pump; D=Other
[loud cover. Sun =Sunny (s25%); PC -Partly cloudy (25-75%); O =Overcast (>75%)
llow sev: Enter value from 1 (dry) to 5 (flood)
Month: February
Site # Lab #
Location
N1413.35C 100
Cornwallis Rd
Comment:
TF3.4TC 198
MLK near PWOC
Comment:
TF2.5TCTC 120
Dover Rd
Day: 3 Date: 2/18/2020 Field Staff; C(', 9Z , Ph . 'S 5 Rain last 24 hrs? Y
Tlme $amp Cloud Flow Air H20
temp DO DO pH (uS�cm Turb Thw;7 fDist
method caner sev % (mgJL) (s.u.)
(IQ ('C) @ 25"C} (NTu) Thwg (ft)
Comment:
TFS.OTC 231
Woodcroft Pkwy.g k / 4 ® N
Comment:
5amp method: DO = Direct dip; S = Scoop; P =pump; 0 =Other
Cloud cover. Sun =Sunny (_<2596); PC=Partly cloudy (26-75%); O =Overcast (>75%}
Flow sev; Entervalue from 1 (dry) to 5 (Flood)
Figure 1 Field Sheet, February 18th, 2020.
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Month: February Day: 3 Date: 2/18/2020 Field Staff: 6f jYA, Rain last 24 hrs? y C:I]
Duplicate site: TF5.iRC(130) QC Lab# 32 Duplicate time: Actual sample time: �� 0
Field blank site: TF5.lRC (130) QC Lab # 225 Field Blank time:
Plastic DI lot #: -` & (26 Filter loth: 8
uplicate time: Actual sample time (when the bottles are dipped} minus 15 mins.
Diem nianK time: ACtuai time Neid blank is taken (must be different than bottle dip time(.
Sa-p method: DD = Direct dip; S = Scoop; P = Pump; 0 = Other
Cloud cover: Sun - Sunny (s25%); PC = Partly cloudy (26-75%(; 0 = overcast {>75%(
Flow sev: Enter value from 1 (dry( to 5 (flood♦
Figure 2 Field sheet cont. February I8th, 2020
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00 a

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Figure 3 Calibration sheet, February 18th, 2020
3
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_
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00 a

Table 1 Lab Analysis results forAmbient Day 3, February 18th, 2020, U- The analyte was not detected at a concentration greater
than the detection limit. J- The reported value is less than the laboratory Method Reporting Limit, but Greater than or equal
to the Method Detection Limit.
Station Name
Parameter
Value
Unit
QA/QC Code
Date/ Time
TF6.511CUT
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.04
mg/L
U
2/18/20 8:35
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
4
mg/L
Calcium
49760
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
3.4
ug/L
i
Copper
6.4
ug/L
Fecal Coliform
480
cfu/100ml-
Hardness
87
mg/L
Magnesium
15256
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.04
mg/L
U
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.57
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.07
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
6.5
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
13.1
ug/L
Zinc
17
ug/L
Field Blank
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.04
mg/L
U
2/18/20 8:55
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
23
ug/L
U
Dissolved Copper
0.47
ug/L
i
Copper
0.44
ug/L
i
Fecal Coliform
1
cfu/100ml-
U
Hardness
1
mg/L
U
Magnesium
28
ug/L
U
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.04
mg/L
U
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.12
mg/L
U
Total Phosphorus
0.003
mg/L
U
Total Suspended Solids
2.5
mg/L
U
Dissolved Zinc
0.63
ug/L
i
Zinc
0.52
ug/L
i
TF5.111C
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.04
mg/L
U
9:05
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.04
mg/L
i
Duplicate Site
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
3
mg/L
Calcium
34761
ug/L
Calcium
18523
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
3.4
ug/L
i
Dissolved Copper
2.8
ug/L
i
Copper
7.5
ug/L
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Station Name
Parameter
Value
Unit
QA/QC Code
Date/ Time
TF5.1RC cont.
Copper
7.2
ug/L
Fecal Coliform
580
cfu/100mL
Fecal Coliform
580
cfu/100mL
Hardness
108
mg/L
Hardness
79
mg/L
Magnesium
8389
ug/L
Magnesium
7870
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.65
mg/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.7
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.41
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.45
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.26
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.24
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
63.8
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
76
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
25.1
ug/L
Dissolved Zinc
30.1
ug/L
Zinc
31.5
ug/L
Zinc
34.1
ug/L
TF4.4TC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.06
mg/L
2/18/20 9:25
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
26765
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
4.7
ug/L
J
Copper
4.9
ug/L
J
Fecal Coliform
210
cfu/100mL
Hardness
104
mg/L
Magnesium
9085
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.61
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.39
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.05
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
4.1
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
20.7
ug/L
Zinc
23.2
ug/L
TF5.4TC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.1
mg/L
2/18/20 9:40
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
44636
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
4
ug/L
J
Copper
7.6
ug/L
Fecal Coliform
11
cfu/100mL
Hardness
163
mg/L
Magnesium
12537
ug/L
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Station Name
Parameter
Value
Unit
QA/QC Code
Date/ Time
TF5.4TC cont.
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
1.15
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.48
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.14
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
14.3
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
41.9
ug/L
Zinc
61.2
ug/L
NH3.3SC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.12
mg/L
2/18/20 10:00
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
24583
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
2.9
ug/L
J
Copper
3.9
ug/L
J
Fecal Coliform
70
cfu/100mL
Hardness
87
mg/L
Magnesium
6130
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.49
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.57
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.1
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
7.6
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
20.9
ug/L
Zinc
26.7
ug/L
TF3.4TC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.07
mg/L
2/18/20 10:25
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
35075
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
4.4
ug/L
J
Copper
5
ug/L
Fecal Coliform
100
cfu/100mL
Hardness
121
mg/L
Magnesium
8229
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.65
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.48
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.07
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
12.9
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
13.2
ug/L
Zinc
21.1
ug/L
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Station Name
Date/ Time
Parameter
Value
Unit
QA/QC Code
TF2.5TCTC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.06
mg/L
2/18/20 10:45
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
21571
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
4.3
ug/L
J
Copper
4.6
ug/L
J
Fecal Coliform
295
cfu/100mL
Hardness
93
mg/L
Magnesium
9557
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.59
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.55
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.04
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
3.4
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
13.3
ug/L
Zinc
14.5
ug/L
TFI.OTC
Ammonia Nitrogen
0.06
mg/L
2/18/20 11:00
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
2
mg/L
U
Calcium
30173
ug/L
Dissolved Copper
3.7
ug/L
J
Copper
4.9
ug/L
J
Fecal Coliform
135
cfu/100mL
Hardness
105
mg/L
Magnesium
7326
ug/L
Nitrate + Nitrite as N
0.28
mg/L
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
0.46
mg/L
Total Phosphorus
0.07
mg/L
Total Suspended Solids
8.7
mg/L
Dissolved Zinc
10
ug/L
Zinc
13
ug/L
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CITY OF
DURHAM
Date: 4/30/2019
To: Michelle Woolfolk, Water Quality Manger
From: Susan Gale, Water Quality Specialist
Subject: Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings
Memo
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with quality
assurance measures and standard operating procedures and provides an opportunity to re-
assess the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued relevance of specific
sampling locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by Stormwater Services is both
reliable and reproducible. The auditor will not perform any duties that may bias the results of
the field audit. The following tables are used to document equipment calibration, field
preparation, and sample collection.
STAFF
Auditor name: Susan Gale
Date, start/end time: 3/5/2019 07:30 — 14:30
Sampling day: Day 1
Watersheds: Ellerbe
Field staff: Dave Milkereit, Shannon Hauschild
Meter calibrations: Dave Milkereit (AM), Shannon Hauschild (PM)
Sample collections: Shannon Hauschild (samples), Dave Milkereit (meters)
GENERAL CONDITIONS;
This is the first field audit since the switch in January to the odd -year Ambient sites. Both staff
members showed good troubleshooting ability and communication during the day.
In the past few months prior to this audit, there have been several instances of significant errors
in this and other projects that could have significantly impacted data integrity. Because of this, a
more thorough examination of records and documentation was performed than was done in
past audits.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
N
❑
❑
Turbidity check — alternate
documented.
sample vial used each day of
ambient. Good practice,
ensures that both vials are
giving good readings.
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
❑x
❑
❑
are documented.
Field meter in good working order.
®
❑
❑
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
®
❑
❑
Maintenance completed as
scheduled, well documented.
Regular meter maintenance completed as
®
❑
❑
Records indicate past meter
scheduled.
issues were dealt with very
quickly.
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
®
❑
❑
Post -sampling check completed and fully
®
❑
❑
documented.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
®
❑
❑
pH 4 post -check not required,
unexpired.
based on day's field
measurements.
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
❑
®
❑
Initial reading for pH 10 buffer
not recorded.
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑
Bottles labeled correctly.
®
❑
❑
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
®
❑
❑
Field blank and duplicate at
location).
EL1.9EC, as scheduled
Field parameters measured properly.
®
❑
❑
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
❑x
❑
❑
bottles fully submerged, sediment not disturbed,
etc.).
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Samples taken from thalweg.
❑
0
❑
Yes at most sites. Usual
sampling spot at EL1.9EC had
been scoured out and stream
stage high, too deep to wade.
Had to sample from bank, not
really representative samples.
Recommend bringing sampling
pole every day of ambient. This
has been suggested previously,
and was referenced in the
Spring 2016 audit memo.
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
0
❑
❑
Sufficient ice in coolers.
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
0
❑
❑
Only applicable to the turbidity
vial.
Field forms filled out correctly.
0
❑
❑
Staff gage indicated for correct
sites for today's sites, but
incorrect for other days.
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
0
❑
❑
SDWRF and Meritech COCs
filled out by DM, checked by
SH. No errors.
Samples delivered within hold times.
0
❑
❑
Delivered to SDWRF lab at
12:45. TOCs were held in WQ
lab fridge, relinquished to
Meritech courier 3/13/2019.
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
0
❑
❑
1.8°C (SDWRF), 2.6°C
(Meritech)
Appropriate project references available (maps,
❑
0
❑
Had sampling notebook on
station information sheets, etc.).
hand for reference. Maps/
driving directions are vastly
improved over last year's
maps. Provides links to custom
Google Maps to use for real-
time navigation — fantastic.
Most site photos have been
recently updated and are dated
— very helpful, as site
conditions can change over
time.
During post -audit record
reviews, saw that site list at
front of notebook has errors in
site information, specifically the
wrong lab # for PN2.4PN and
NH4.4SCTD. These bad lab
numbers were identified during
upload of Jan. data, but the
information has not been
corrected in the sampling
notebook as of 4/29/2019.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
0
❑
❑
Cones and lights used when
(flashing lights, orange cones).
not in a designated parking
area (e.g., parked in ROW).
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests, disposable
0
❑
❑
gloves, safety shoes).
SITE INFORMATION
Departure
1 EL8.6SECUT Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
08:25 08:41
Upstream ❑ Downstream 0 N/A ❑
Comments: Bunch of large debris at normal sampling point.
Cleared out to sample, waited for sediment
to clear first. Sampled downstream of culvert outlet where stream
daylights.
Departure
2 EL8.1GC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
08:49 09:03
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Park on street, used cones and lights.
Departure
3 EL1.9EC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
09:19 09:58
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Field blank (Meritech DI water) and equipment
blank here. Usual sampling point
inaccessible due to recent scour and high stream stage. Had to sample from bank, which is not
particularly representative. Would have been better to use sampling pole, but did not bring it this day.
Departure
4 EL5.5GC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:05 10:32
Upstream N Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments:
Departure
5 EL5.6EC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:35 10:50
Upstream ❑ Downstream N N/A ❑
Comments: Good area of mixing at sampling point. Banks are very steep here and very unstable.
Departure
6 EL7.1 EC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:59 11:14
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Suggest trying another parking spot, particularly if ground is wet. Tearing up grass, potential
to damage historic granite curbs.
Departure
7 EL7.1SEC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
11:17 11:32
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A 0
Comments:
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Departure
8 EL8.5SEC Arrival Time Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
11:37 11:50 Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑x N/A ❑
Comments: Need to update lat/long in field notebook (and other records?). Changed sampling point to
downstream of bridge due to safety concerns upstream of bridge (sample site description is correct).
Staff gage still upstream of bridge. Old sampling well and equipment box are listing badly, ready to fall.
Need to figure out who it belongs to and how to get it removed before it collapses and blocks the culvert.
OTHER COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS
• There was no ice in the ice machine the morning of sampling. This occurred once
before, and was brought to General Services' attention at that time. On the morning of
field staff obtained ice from public ice machine on Ground Floor of City Hall. After the
audit, General Services was notified again and repairs were promptly requested and
completed on ice machine.
• The review of the documentation from the day of the field audit found only one minor
issue on the calibration sheet. However, there have been very significant issues with
data management in recent months, so a review of documents from January — April
was conducted. Findings included:
o Incorrect site lab numbers were printed on the January field sheets, which were
then carried over to COCs, then to lab reports, and finally to Web Portal uploads.
This error was brought to field staff's attention during January field data reviews,
but occurred again during February data uploads. The field sheets were corrected
for March.
o Incorrect site numbers assigned to duplicate samples prior to upload to Web
Portal.
o Errors on Meritech lab reports (particularly sampling time) have not been caught
during WQU reviews of reports. In the past, these were caught by the Web Portal
during data uploads, but that function is no longer working in the Web Portal. Staff
must ensure that sample site, date, and time are correct prior to upload.
o The Web Portal no longer seems to allow editing or updating individual results. The
only way to make a correction is to remove the entire uploaded data file, correct it,
re -upload the entire corrected file, and then re-QA all of the results in the file. This
is an extremely time consuming process to complete to correct a single result, so it
is imperative that any and all attempts be made to ensure data quality prior to
upload to the Web Portal.
All field staff have been reminded repeatedly that COCs, data entry, and any other
data transcription needs to be checked, preferably by another staff member.
SDWRF lab results were not received by the WQU until 4/25/2018 and it was not
possible to get results uploaded to the Web Portal and QA'ed prior to the May 1
deadline for completion of this memo. Therefore, the final steps of the data
management process was not completed for the March data.
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CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Corrective actions (required)
o There were a number of significant data management errors in the months prior to
the field audit, as well as during the period between the field audit and preparation
of this memo. In addition, the Web Portal no longer performs basic QA checks to
confirm that uploaded lab results match the site, date, and time that was previously
uploaded as part of the field data. Field staff have been advised that any sort of
data transcription, including data entry, must be double-checked, preferably by
another person. The errors suggest that these checks are not occurring or they are
not being done well. Currently, the person performing the checks is not
documented, and it has been assumed that staff are follow these procedures.
Because of the rate and significance of these errors, the following corrective
actions must be implemented no later than May 31, 2019:
- All data reviews and data QA will be formally documented.
Standardized form(s) will be developed to document that each stage of
review/QA was completed, by whom, the date of the review, any issues
found, and corrective actions required. This form must be completed for
every batch of data uploaded to the web portal (for example, all results
from a single month of Ambient Monitoring) and a hard copy stored with
the project files.
In addition, the person completing the accuracy check of the COC prior
to sample submittal to the lab should write "Checked by", their initials,
and the date in the Comments or Remarks section of the COC. This
should later be transcribed to the Data QA form.
- Prior to final QA of results uploaded to the Web Portal, the WQ
Specialist should complete a full paper trail audit of associated sampling
activities to confirm that all sites were sampled as described in the
project or study schedule and no transcription errors have occurred.
This is similar to what now only occurs during field audits. A
standardized form(s) will be developed to document that these reviews
were completed, by whom, the date of the review, any issues found,
and corrective actions required.
These additional documentation requirements for QA procedures will be
required for all projects, programs, or studies that require data uploads
to the Web Portal, not just Ambient Monitoring.
o The sampling pole (swing sampler) should be packed every day of Ambient
Monitoring field work in case unexpected conditions are encountered at sampling
sites, such as high water. This has been previously recommended, but is now a
required corrective action.
o The sampling notebook used for reference must be updated.
- Incorrect lab numbers were used for two sites in the 2019 project
materials. The error was discovered during ambient data uploads of
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January results. As of 4/29/2019, those incorrect lab numbers are still
included on the summary site list (dated 12/21/2018) in the sampling
notebook. They are correct on the individual site information sheets.
There are still a few sites with undated photos on their information
sheets; it is recommended that photos be updated if needed and/or
dated.
- An additional site (NE1.2NE) that was added to Day 2 in March (first
sampled in April) is not shown on the summary site list, on the overview
site map, on the Day 2 driving map or directions, and does not have a
site information sheet. Update notebook information to include this site.
- The lat/long provided for EL8.5SEC on its site information sheet needs
to be updated to reflect moving this site downstream of the bridge due
to safety concerns.
o Ensure that all required information is recorded on calibration sheets.
o An additional field audit should be completed this calendar year.
• Recommendations
o The current project and data management systems are cumbersome and prone to
error. Many of the issues that have been encountered lately could be addressed
through the use of a relational database to manage site information, assist with
general project management (e.g., sampling schedule), and production of various
tables and forms (e.g., site information sheets, annual Ambient Monitoring site list
and descriptions, site list/schedule for labs, etc.). Currently, all of these are
manually created, requiring entering the same information in multiple places by
hand, which is prone to error and requires the same changes be made across
multiple documents. A relational database could also be designed to automate
some basic QA checks (conflicting dates/times, missing data, results historically
high or low for a site, etc.) that are currently done manually.
An Access database was started in late 2015, and was used through 2018 for
managing active sites, printing labels, and other minor tasks, but it was abandoned
for 2019 due to a lack of time to maintain and develop it. However, with some
focused effort, this database likely could be modified to meet some of the basic
data management and QA needs that are currently being done manually.
• The last field audit occurred in October 2018 and included several corrective actions
and recommendations.
o Minor omissions are still occasionally made on calibration sheets, including during
this field audit. Staff should continue to ensure that calibration sheets are fully
completed.
o As was recommended during the last field audit, staff regularly check pumps and
pump batteries when packing sampling equipment in the morning.
o As was recommended during the last field audit, the maps and site information
have been updated in the field notebook and Google maps are available to help
with real-time navigation. The new maps and driving directions are excellent. Most
site photos have been updated and are dated.
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CITY OF
DURHAM
Date:
June 29, 2018
To: Michelle Woolfolk, Water Quality Manger
From: Susan Gale, Water Quality Specialist
Subject: Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings
Memo
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with quality
assurance measures and standard operating procedures and provides an opportunity to re-
assess the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued relevance of specific
sampling locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by Stormwater Services is both
reliable and reproducible. The auditor will not perform any duties that may bias the results of
the field audit. The following tables are used to document equipment calibration, field
preparation, and sample collection.
STAFF
Auditor name:
Date, start/end time:
Sampling day:
Watersheds:
Field staff:
Meter calibrations:
Sample collections:
Field meter readings:
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
Susan Gale
6/12/2018, 7:35am — 12:45pm
Day 2
Northeast, Lick, and Little Lick
Christine Cailleret, Dave Milkereit
Christine Cailleret (am), Dave Milkereit (pm)
Christine Cailleret
Dave Milkereit
Weather on the day of the audit was cool and cloudy, with some periodic light rain. Prior to the
audit, weather had been hot and humid and over 1.5 inches of rain had fallen in the previous 48
hours. Field staff are very experienced on this project and have undergone multiple field audits
previously.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
©
❑
❑
ProPlus #2719 — calibrated am
documented.
+ pm check. I requested check
of pH 4 after 2-pt. calibration,
which was not within ±0.1 SU.
Repeated calibration as 3-
point. Turbidimeter #6500, last
calibrated 3/27/2018.
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
❑x
❑
❑
ProPlus has had recent
are documented.
documented issues with pH
calibrations. Documented in
maintenance records and on
calibration sheets.
Field meter in good working order.
©
❑
❑
Sort of... meter functioned well
after 3-point calibration for pH.
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
®
❑
❑
Quarterly slope check records
are a little unorganized.
Regular meter maintenance completed as
®
❑
❑
Maintenance on a regular
scheduled.
schedule (monthly and
quarterly).
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
©
❑
❑
Post -sampling check completed and fully
©
❑
❑
documented.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
❑x
❑
❑
unexpired.
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
N
❑
❑
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑
N
Bottles are direct -dipped.
Bottles labeled correctly.
N
❑
❑
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
N
❑
❑
Field blank (TOC) — LL3.4LLC
location).
Field blanks, duplicates (all
other parameters) — NE1.2NE
Field parameters measured properly.
®
❑
❑
Manually moved bulkhead if
flow very low (e.g., NE1.2NE)
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
®
❑
❑
bottles fully submerged, sediment not disturbed,
etc.).
Samples taken from thalweg.
®
❑
❑
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
❑x
❑
❑
Placed on wet ice in coolers
Sufficient ice in coolers.
immediately.
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
❑x
❑
❑
Turbidity vial rinsed 3x before
taking sample.
Field forms filled out correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
Notable conditions recorded as
comments.
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
Both SDWRF and Meritech
COCs complete and error -free.
Samples delivered within hold times.
❑x
❑
❑
SDWRF — Delivered at
12:05pm (min. hold time 6 hrs.)
Meritech — Picked up by courier
6/18 (min. hold time 28 d.)
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
❑x
❑
❑
SDWRF — 1.1 °C on receipt
Meritech — Held in fridge until
pick up. Temperature log filled
out most weekdays,
documenting temperature
<6.0°C. Temp at time of receipt
at lab has not been provided
yet.
Appropriate project references available (maps,
©
❑
❑
Have project notebook. Maps
station information sheets, etc.).
for navigation this year are
difficult to use. Some site info
sheets are missing photos,
others are old/no longer
representative. All are missing
stream names and drainage
area. In general, they could all
use some serious review and
refreshing.
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
©
❑
❑
(flashing lights, orange cones).
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests, disposable
©
❑
❑
Vests, waders, single use nitrile
gloves, safety shoes).
gloves
SITE INFORMATION
Arrival
Departure
1 LC3.ORBC Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
8:55
9:04
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑x N/A ❑
Comments: Rocky Branch Cr. at
Kemp. Park on shoulder w/cones. Creek is muddy.
Arrival
Departure
2 LC1.1LC
Time
Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
9:07
9:21
Upstream ® Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Lick Cr. at Southview. Low stage but good flow. Creek is muddy. Park on shoulder, cones.
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Arrival Departure
3 LL3.4LLC Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
9:29 9:49
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: L. Lick Cr. at Mineral Springs. Loading site.
Creek is muddy, shallow. Light rain. TOC field
blank taken here.
Arrival Departure
4 LL4.6LLT2 Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
9:57 10:08
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Trib 2 to L. Lick at Lynn Rd. Stream muddy,
good flow. Channel has shifted, discussed
where to sample to get a representative sample.
Arrival Departure
5 NE2.2NP Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:28 10:43
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: N. Prong of Northeast Cr. at Meridian Pkwy.
Changed parking location this year — much
easier to access point.
Arrival Departure
6 NE1.2NE Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:52 11:13
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Northeast Cr. at NC54. Duplicates and field
blank (all parameters except TOC) taken here.
Very poor flow. I don't think I've ever seen this site be wadeable,
and they always dip bottles from the
bank. Not an ideal monitoring site.
What is the objective of monitoring at this location??? It
seems like it would make more sense to sample
NE Cr. upstream of the confluence with N. Prong esp. since there is an additional NE site downstream.
Arrival Departure
7 NEO.ONE Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
11:18 11:36
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Northeast Cr. at Sedwick. Never liked this site
-- difficult to get in/out of stream.
OTHER COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS
Staff took sampling pole due to recent rains. They had concerns over high flows making
some sites unwadeable. Shows good awareness of current conditions, proactive about
having a "backup plan".
• More general awareness of current status of meters is needed. The meter used this day
has been troublesome, including failing pH 4 post -sampling check the previous week
during ambient monitoring.
• Staff store cuvette with DI water (used for turbidity calibration checks) and re -use it until it
fails calibration check.
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CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Corrective actions (required):
o Staff should have better awareness of current operating condition of field meters.
Staff should review recent calibration sheets (if readily available) and maintenance
records to see if there were any potential issues with a particular meter before
selecting one for use. This was also noted in the last audit (summarized in Nov. 17,
2017 memo). When a significant issue (such as failing calibration or post -check)
occurs, the meter should be flagged and taken out of service until there is time to
troubleshoot issues, particularly if there is another meter in good working order
available. However, meter issues should be addressed as soon as practical to
prevent a situation where all available meters are unusable.
o However, staff have limited access to calibration records, as the WQ Specialist
collects these monthly for QA reviews and then they are stored in her office. These
should be readily accessible to staff so they can review the recent performance of a
particular field meter. While the original files should be stored in a secure location,
perhaps scans of the documents could be kept on the server so they will be
reasonably accessible. This would also allow staff to review for errors found during
QA reviews.
o Blanks for turbidimeter calibration checks should be prepared daily by rinsing and
filling a cuvette with fresh DI water. DI should be discarded after check is complete.
o The site information sheets and maps used for navigation need review and
updating. Some are missing photos, others have photos that are 10+ years old, and
critical information (such as stream name) is not included. The maps used for
navigation are missing critical information and are difficult to use, particularly if the
navigator is not already familiar with the area.
o The temperature log for the refrigerator used for sample storage is filled out
intermittently and a large proportion of the records have been completed by the WQ
Specialist. Temperature must be checked and recorded at least once per workday
when there are samples stored in the fridge, and is recommended to occur every 2-
3 days when the refrigerator is empty. If temperature is >6.0°C, corrective actions
must be documented on the log. The WQ Specialist should cease completing this
task, except in cases when all other monitoring staff are out of the office for the day.
o The "slope check" maintenance records need to be re -organized.
o As was noted in the last audit, there is no documentation of which sites currently
have staff gages. This information should be documented somewhere (master site
list, program database, site information sheets, etc.). It would also be helpful to
have this noted on the field forms.
Recommendations:
o Reassess the utility of site NE1.2NE (Northeast Cr. at NC54) for 2020. Sampling
Northeast Cr. upstream of the confluence with N. Prong would likely provide better
information, since it would quantify inputs from the two major drainages to this
impaired reach of Northeast Cr.
o Another recommendation in the last audit was adding the "equation" used for
determining "COC time" for blind QC samples to the field sheet. This is still
recommended, as it would reduce confusion for field staff (particularly new staff
members).
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CITY OF
DURHAM
Date: 10/18/2018
To: Michelle Woolfolk, Water Quality Manger
From: Susan Gale, Water Quality Specialist
Subject: Ambient Monitoring Program Field Audit findings
Memo
The purpose of the ambient monitoring program field audit is to ensure compliance with quality
assurance measures and standard operating procedures and provides an opportunity to re-
assess the effectiveness of data collection methods and continued relevance of specific
sampling locations. This audit will help ensure data collected by Stormwater Services is both
reliable and reproducible. The auditor will not perform any duties that may bias the results of
the field audit. The following tables are used to document equipment calibration, field
preparation, and sample collection.
STAFF
Auditor name:
Date, start/end time
Sampling day:
Watersheds:
Field staff:
Meter calibrations:
Sample collections:
Meter readings:
Susan Gale
10/16/2018, 7:30 am — 1:30 pm
Day 3
New Hope, Third Fork
S Hauschild, B Lary
S Hauschild (pre -sampling),
S Hauschild
B Lary
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
B Lary (post -sampling)
Tropical storm Michael came through during the previous week, followed by a quick change
from summer-like hot/humid conditions to more fall -like weather. On the day of audit, weather
was cloudy and cool.
This was the first audit of ambient monitoring field activities for these two field staff members.
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
METER CALIBRATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
Pre -sampling calibrations completed and fully
❑x
❑
❑
Fresh DI used to confirm
documented.
turbidimeter calibration
Field meter condition examined. Any problems
❑x
❑
❑
No issues during audit
are documented.
Field meter in good working order.
❑x
❑
❑
Maintenance logs up-to-date and complete.
©
❑
❑
Regular meter maintenance completed as
©
❑
❑
Turbidimeter calibrated
scheduled.
10/2/2018. 10 NTU standard
purchased after Falls field
audit, and turb re -calibrated.
YSI quarterly maintenance
9/26/2018.
Sufficient time allowed for meter stabilization.
❑x
❑
❑
Post -sampling check completed and fully
❑x
❑
❑
Discussed giving meter enough
documented.
time to come to stabilized temp,
set up of meter for getting good
DO saturation.
Calibration standards in appropriate range and
❑x
❑
❑
unexpired.
Calibration logs without errors/omissions.
❑
❑x
❑
Forgot to record pH 4 standard
lot # and exp. date
SAMPLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS
Sample equipment cleaned prior to use.
❑
❑
❑x
Bottles direct dip, tubing and
filters single use
Bottles labeled correctly.
❑x
❑
❑
QA/QC sample(s) collected (note type and
❑x
❑
❑
Duplicate and blank at
location).
TF5.6TC
Field parameters measured properly.
❑x
❑
❑
Samples collected properly (facing upstream,
❑x
❑
❑
Make sure that mouth of
bottles fully submerged, sediment not disturbed,
sample bottle stays fully
etc.).
submerged at a depth of
approximately 0.05 — 0.1 ft.
Samples taken from thalweg.
❑x
❑
❑
Samples placed on ice in sufficient time.
❑x
❑
❑
Temp log for fridge used for
Sufficient ice in coolers.
sample storage complete &
current
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YES
NO
N/A
COMMENTS
Sampling equipment rinsed at sample location.
0
❑
❑
Field forms filled out correctly.
0
❑
❑
Some of the neatest and
cleanest field sheets I have
ever seen.
Chain of Custody form filled out correctly.
0
❑
❑
Samples delivered within hold times.
0
❑
❑
Deliver to SDWRF at 12:25pm
(--4 hrs. for oldest samples)
Samples delivered at acceptable temperature.
0
❑
❑
3.7°C
Appropriate project references available (maps,
0
❑
❑
Site info sheets are incomplete.
station information sheets, etc.).
Maps for navigating to sites are
difficult to use. SH has made
her own, more detailed
reference sheets, which are
much more useful. Used
Google maps for navigation.
Vehicle/parking safety precautions observed
0
❑
❑
Used a spotter when backing
(flashing lights, orange cones).
Appropriate PPE worn (safety vests, disposable
0
❑
❑
gloves, safety shoes).
SITE INFORMATION
Departure
1 NH3.3SC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
08:25 08:50
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments: Pump issues. Staff did not check battery
before packing this morning.
Assumptions/confusion over where charged batteries are stored in lab.
Potential S&EC issue in trib DNS of Cornwallis
does not impact monitoring site).)
Departure
2 TF5.6TC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
09:00 09:35
Upstream ❑ Downstream 0 N/A ❑
Comments: Duplicate and blank taken here. Staff gage is buried in bank — completely useless.
Recommend removal or reinstalling.
Departure
3 Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
TF6.5RCUT
09:45 10:00
Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑ N/A 0
Comments:
Departure
4 TF5.1 RC Arrival Time Time
Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:05 10:20
Upstream 0 Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments:
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Departure
5 TF4.4TC
Arrival Time Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:25 10:45 Upstream ❑x Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments:
Departure
6 TF3.4TC
Arrival Time Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
10:50 11:10 Upstream ❑x Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments:
Departure
7
Arrival Time Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
TF2.5TCTC
11:25 11:40 Upstream ❑x Downstream ❑ N/A ❑
Comments:
Road construction, had to take alternate route to site. Use Google maps for navigation.
Departure
8 TF1.OTC
Arrival Time Time Sample Location Relative to Bridge
11:45 12:05 Upstream ❑ Downstream ❑x N/A ❑
Comments:
New site this year. Challenging getting a representative sample since it is below a triple box
culvert and mixing zone is in a very deep section of the channel. Upstream of road is a deep pool, not
wadeable. Sampled below middle culvert, which had the highest flow.
OTHER COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS
• There have been issues in recent months with the YSI ProPlus not passing post -
sampling checks for DO. There were no issues on the day of the audit, and the M&A
group has had additional discussions about good practices for calibrations in the last
few weeks. Specific changes made in response to recent issues include transporting
the field meter in the cab of the truck and giving it plenty of time to equilibrate in the lab
before doing post -sampling checks. These recommendations were followed by field
staff during the audit.
• Good technique was noted in handling tubing used for filtering: end of tubing is kept in
Ziploc bag (used to store/transport tubing and filter) at the site until ready to use, which
minimizes potential contamination issues.
• Both field staff members were very mindful of safety. Traffic cones and the truck's
flashing lights were used whenever parked on the shoulder or otherwise near the road.
They used a spotter when backing up the truck in difficult situations. Small convex
mirrors have recently been added to the side view mirrors on the truck, which reduces
blind spots.
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CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Corrective actions (required):
o Ensure that calibration sheets are fully completed, including lot numbers and
expiration dates for calibration standards.
o Check batteries and peristaltic pumps when packing equipment in the morning
to ensure batteries are charged and pump is working.
• Recommendations:
o As was noted during the June audit, the site information and maps in the
reference notebook are in need of updating. It is strongly recommended that
new materials be prepared for the 2019 sampling sites. Also, development of a
custom Google map (or similar) may be helpful for real-time navigation from
site -to -site, particularly for new or less experienced field staff.
o The staff gage as site TF5.6TC is not functional, since it has been buried in the
bank due to shifting of the stream channel over the last two years. It should be
removed or reinstalled. Currently there is no way to get a reading of stream
stage.
• The last audit occurred in June 2018, and included several corrective actions and
recommendations. The following have been implemented:
o Meter issues have been more promptly addressed in recent months. Meters
with known issues are flagged or otherwise marked as necessary. All WQU staff
have been proactive about bringing any possible meter issues to the attention of
the group and to the WQ Specialist.
o Calibration sheets for all projects are now scanned after QA reviews are
completed by the WQ Specialist and then stored in the project files on the
server. This provides easy access for field staff to review errors found during
QA reviews and to assist with troubleshooting with meter issues.
o Blanks for turbidimeter were prepared with fresh DI water during the audit.
o The temperature log for the refrigerator used for temporary sample storage was
complete and current.
o Staff gage is now indicated on field sheets, where appropriate.
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