WI0100018_Complete File - Historical_20220307

'/
MEMORANDUM
Date: April 6, 2004
To: Mike Ranck
Groundwater Section, Central Office
Through: Landon Davidson, Regional Groundwater Supervisor
Asheville Regional Office
From: Qu Qi
Asheville Regional Office
Subject: UIC Pre -Construction Inspection
Former Skyland Distributing Facility
14 Weston Road, Arden
Buncombe County '
I have reviewed the subject UIC application and visited the site. The information in the
application package is accurate and the issuance of the permit is recommended. The only
modification I would recommend is to increase the amount of ORC injection at the
northeast corner - the area still has highly contaminated soil remaining at place, by
reducing the injection grid size at this area. If you have any questions about the site,
please do not hesitate to call me at [phone].

MEMORANDUM
To:
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
GROUNDWATER SECTION
March 8, 2004
Landon Davidson, Groundwater Supervisor
Groundwater Section
Asheville Regional Office
From: Mike Ranck 71j(
Central Office
Re: Request for review of an injection well application, type 5I injection well (groundwater
remediation), submitted by Skyland Distributing Company, Inc., to construct and use
injection wells for ORCTM injection to remediate dissolved petroleum compounds at their
site in Arden, North Carolina.
1. Please review the application and submit a_Y comments to CO-UIC group. Retain the
application for your UIC file.
2. Please inspect the injection well site to verify that the location and construction plans
submitted in the application are accurate and that the NCAC Title 15A 2C.0200 standards
are being complied with, using the enclosed Preconstruction Injection Facility Inspection
Report (Form A) as appropriate.
You are requested to return The Review Comments and the completed Preconstruction
Injection Facility Inspection Report (Form A) to the CO-UIC by April 8, 2004. If the
inspection and review can not be accomplished by this date, please let me know.
The UIC group appreciates your assistance with this review. If you have any questions regarding
this review or the UIC program, please contact me at [phone].
cc: CO-UIC Files
Enclosures

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P. E. Director
Division of Water Quality
Coleen H. Sullins, Deputy Director
Division of Water Quality
March 8, 2004
Mr. Frank Sinkwich
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
500 Dairy Pak Road
Athens, GA 30607
Subject: Type 5I injection well permit application
Skyland Distributing Facility, Arden, NC
Dear Mr. Sinkwich:
Skyland Distributing Facility's application for a permit to construct and use wells for injection of
ORCTM at the Skyland Distributing Facility site in Arden, North Carolina has been received and
is currently under review. A member of the Groundwater Section's Asheville Regional Office
staff may be contacting you to arrange an inspection of the injection well site as part of the
review.
If you have any questions regarding your permit application or the Underground Injection
Control program please contact me at [phone] or Evan Kane at [phone].
Sincerely,
exeiuz(
J. Michael Ranck
Hydrogeologist
Permits and Compliance Unit
cc: Stuart Knoop, L.G., MACTEC
Asheville Regional Office
CO-UIC files
N. C. Division of Water Quality / Groundwater Section
1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1636
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Internet: http://gw.ehnr.state.nc.us
Customer Service
1-877-623-6748

Page 1. of 2
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Groundwater Section
PRECONSTRUCTION INJECTION FACILITY INSPECTION
REPORT -FORM A
INJECTION WELL PERMIT NO. WI DATE
NAME OF OWNER
ADDRESS OF OWNER
(Street/road or lot and subdivision, county, town)
LOCATION OF PROPOSED INJECTION WELL (and source well(s), if applicable)
(Street/ road or lot and subdivision , county, town, if different than owner's address, plusdescription of location on site)
Potential pollution source Distance from well
Potential pollution source Distance from well
Potential pollution source Distance from well
Minimum distance of proposed well from property boundary
Quality of drainage at site Flooding potential of site
(good,adequate,poor) (high,moderate,low)
DRAW SKETCH OF SITE
(Show property boundaries, buildings, wells, potential pollution sources, roads, approximate scale, and north arrow.)
GW/UIC-1 March 28, 2001

Page 2 of 2
PRECONSTRUCTION INJECTION FACILITY
INSPECTION REPORT - FORM A (cont.)
GPS Data:
Latitude:
COMMENTS
Longitude:
INSPECTOR
Office
WITNESS
Address
WITNESS
Address
GW/UIC-1 March 28, 2001

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND USE WELLS FOR
INJECTION
CLASS 5I WELLS
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
NCDENR INCIDENT NO. 86033
Prepared for:
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
c/o Mr. William Clarke
Roberts & Stevens, P.A.
Post Office Box 7647
Asheville, North Carolina 28802
Prepared by
MALI'EC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue
Asheville, North Carolina 28806
February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1317
f MACTEC

MACTEC
February 6, 2004
Mr. William Clarke
Roberts & Stevens, P.A.
Post Office Box 7647
Asheville, North Carolina 28802
Subject: Class 51 Inject Well Permit Application
Skyland Distributing Facility
14 Weston Road
Arden, North Carolina
NCDENR Incident No. 86033
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1317
Dear Mr. Clarke:
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. (MACTEC) is pleased to submit this Application for
Permit to Construct and Use Wells for Injection Class 5I Wells at the Skyland Distributing
Facility located at 14 Weston Road in Arden, North Carolina. This application permit was
completed for submittal to the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources — Division of Water Quality (NCDENR-DWQ) Groundwater Section on behalf of
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
Information provided within this permit application is intended for the exclusive use of Skyland
Distributing Company, Inc. The contents should not be relied upon by any other party without
the express written consent of MACTEC, and that party's acceptance of mutually agreeable terms
and conditions.
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue • Asheville, NC 28806
828-252-8130 • Fax: [phone]

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1252
We appreciate the opportunity to provide environmental services to Skyland Distributing
Company, Inc. and Roberts & Stevens, P.A. on this project. If any questions arise, please
contact us at [phone].
Sincerely,
MACTEC ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
Stuart R. Knoop. L.G. Matthew E. Wallace, P.E.
Project Geologist Principal Engineer
attachment: CIass 5I Injection Well Permit Application
cc: Evan Kane - NCDENR — Groundwater Section — UIC Program
Ms. Lisa Stephens — F.I. Realty
Mr. Frank Sinkwich — Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A .WELL(S) FOR
INJECTION
Class 51 Wells
In Accordance with the provisions of NCAC Title 15A: 02C.0200
Complete application and mail to address on the back page.
TO: DIRECTOR, NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
DATE: February 6, 2004
A. PERMIT APPLICANT
Name: Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
Address: 500 Dairy Pak Road
City: Athens State: Georgia Zip Code: 30607
County: Telephone: [phone]
B. PROPERTY OWNER (if different from applicant)
Name: F.I. Realty, LLC
Address: Forest Center, 932 Hendersonville Road, Suite 201
City: State: Asheville Zip Code: 28803
County: Buncombe Telephone: [phone]
C. STATUS OF APPLICANT
Private: Commercial: X Federal: State:
County: Municipal: Native American Lands:
D. FACILITY (SPl'E) DATA
(Fill out ONLY if the Status is Federal, State, County, Municipal or Commercial).
Name of Business or Facility: Skyland Distributing Facility
Address: 14 Weston Road
City: Arden Zip Code: 28803 County: Buncombe (Figure 1)
Telephone: [phone] Contact Person: Lisa Stephens (F.I. Realty, LLC)
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
E. INJECTION PROCEDURE
Provide a detailed description of all planned activities relating to the proposed injection
facility including but not limited to:
(1) construction plans and materials;
(2) operation procedures; and
(3) a planned injection schedule.
Activities related to the storage and distribution of petroleum products at the Skyland
Distributing facility have impacted the soil and ground water beneath the site. The results
of previous ground -water monitoring events at the site indicate that concentrations of
petroleum compounds in collected ground -water samples have declined since February
2002. This consistent decline in contaminant concentrations is largely attributable to
degradation of dissolved petroleum compounds by aerobic (oxygen -demanding)
microorganisms native to soil at the site. Following the release of contaminants on the
subject property, native microorganisms in the aquifer have adapted to growth on
contaminants. The microorganisms are aerobic and have the ability to break down the
contaminants in the soil and ground water. The growth of the microbial population has
been largely limited by the availability of oxygen.
Skyland Distributing intends to accelerate the rate of biodegradation of petroleum
compounds in ground water by injection of Oxygen Release Compound (ORC)TM into the
saturated zone. Injection of ORCTM will increase the supply of oxygen (the limiting
factor for aerobic microbes) to the contaminated aquifer. ORCTM is a commercially
available, environmentally -safe product marketed for remedial applications by Regenesis.
ORCTM is a formulation of magnesium peroxide (MgO2) that is intercalated with food
grade phosphate ions to facilitate oxygen release into the saturated zone at a controlled
rate. The product has been shown to promote aerobic biological degradation of petroleum
compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, and ethylbenzene under pilot- and full-scale
conditions. Drinking water wells or other receptors are not located in the vicinity of the
proposed injection area.
Ground -water sampling was conducted in November 2003 to determine initial chemical
parameters (total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations, biological and chemical oxygen
demand, and ferrous iron and manganese concentrations) in the contaminated aquifer.
These parameters and aquifer characteristics were entered into a web -based software
application provided by Regenesis (www.regenesis.com) to evaluate the volume of
ORCTM and density of injection points necessary to distribute the compound throughout
the contaminant plume. A total of 45 injection points, on an approximate 9-foot grid
pattern, will be advanced to a depth below the water table (approximately 11 feet bgs) in
accessible areas of the ground -water contamination plume utilizing direct push boring
equipment. The injection borings will be advanced using 1.75-inch diameter, expendable
conical points composed of steel or aluminum. Upon reaching a depth of 11 feet bgs, the
conical points will be detached and expended at the bottom of the borings.
An ORCTM slurry mixture will be generated in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations and will then be injected through the external probe rods into the
subsurface using a pump and hose system attached to the direct push boring equipment.
The probe rods will be retrieved from the hole as the slurry is injected. The ORCTM
injection slurry will be brought up to a depth of approximately 1.5 feet below ground
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
surface (bgs) in the borings, with one foot of hydrated bentonite to 0.5 feet bgs, and
asphalt pavement patch to surface. Based on the number and depth of injection points, the
soil conditions, the contaminant concentrations, and the equipment being used, we
estimate 930 pounds of ORCTM will be required.
We anticipate that slurry injection and installation and sealing of the injection points will
be completed within three days.
F. DESCRIPTION OF SHE
Provide a brief description of the contamination incident and the incident number
assigned by the Division of Water Quality staff in the Department's Regional Office:
Soil contamination was initially identified near a diesel product line and fuel dispenser
during a limited subsurface investigation conducted in November 2001. Two 10,000-
gallon diesel aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) and one 5,000-gallon gasoline AST and
associated piping and dispensers were removed from the site on January 23, 2002 (Figure
2). On January 25 and 26, 2002, 39 tons of contaminated soil was excavated from areas
of petroleum staining near the former locations of the diesel fuel dispenser and diesel
AST where the product line entered the subsurface. Soil was also removed from the
former location of the gasoline dispenser and the underground product lines.
Based on evidence of soil contamination in the former area of the fuel dispensers and
underground product lines, an additional 600 cubic yards of contaminated soil was
excavated to a depth of five to six feet below ground surface (bgs) on February 11, 2002.
Approximately one to two feet of clean fill soil was placed in the bottom of the
excavation, and approximately one foot of Number 57 washed stone was placed over the
compacted soil. In anticipation of possible future remedial action at the site, an
infiltration gallery consisting of one-inclr diameter PVC pipe was placed over the washed
stone at a depth of two to three feet bgs (Figure 3). The gallery was covered with one foot
of Number 57 washed stone and a Layerr of filter fabric. Clean soil was placed on top of
the washed stone and compacted with a vibrating sheepsfoot roller to fill the remainder of
the excavation. The disturbed area was subsequently paved by Skyland Distributing.
Confirmation soil samples collected from the sidewalls of the excavation indicated that
TPH-GRO and TPH-DRO concentrations exceeded the NCDENR reportable level in soil
located at the base (below surficial ground water) and north and northeast of the
excavation (Figure 2). Additional soil excavation was not feasible because of the
proximity of a building, Weston Drive, and the subject property boundary (and off -site
building). Following installation of one recovery well and three monitoring wells at the
site, volatile and semi -volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) were detected in
ground -water samples collected from the area of the excavation and downgradient of the
excavation.
During an April 2003 ground -water monitoring event, two volatile and one semi -volatile
organic compounds (VOCs and SVOC) were detected at concentrations that exceeded
NCAC 2L Standards in ground -water samples collected from the two wells (MW-01 and
RW-01) located at the former excavation area. Two VOCs were identified in samples
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
collected from downgradient monitoring wells (MW-02 and MW-03) at concentrations
below the NCAC 2L Standard (Figure 4). SVOCs were not detected in samples collected
from the downgradient monitoring wells. These results indicate that concentrations of
VOCs and SVOCs above the NCAC 2L Standards extend less than 65 feet downgradient
of the source area.
On January 20, 2004, NCDENR granted approval for a Corrective Action Plan, dated
December 16, 2003, which recommended that low -flow air injection into vadose zone
soils be combined with injection of Oxygen Release CompoundTM (ORC) into surficial
ground water for remediation of soil and ground -water contamination at the site.
Incident Number assigned by NCDENR-DWQ: 86033.
G. HYDROGEOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
SECTION (G) MUST BE ORIGINALLY SEALED AND SIGNED BY A
LICENSED GEOLOGIST
Provide a hydrogeologic description, soils description, and cross section of the subsurface
to a depth that included the known or projected depth of contamination. The number of
borings shall be sufficient to determine the following:
(1) the regional geologic setting;
(2) significant changes in lithology;
(3) the hydraulic conductivity of the saturated zone;
(4) the depth to the mean seasonal high water table; and
(5) a determination of transmissivity and specific yield of the aquifer to be used for
injection (showing calculations).
I have prepared the narrative contents in the following hydrogeologic description from a review
of the pertinent geologic / hydrogeologic information.
The following sections describe the regional geologic conditions and the methods employed
to obtain physical data that support our discussion of the local geologic and environmental
conditions.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
G.1 Topographic Conditions
Using the 1965 U.S.G.S. Topographic Map of the Skyland, NC Quadrangle, as shown on
Figure 1, the topography in the vicinity of the site is relatively flat. The property is
located at an approximate elevation of 2,240 feet NGVD. The general area surrounding
the site appears to slope downward to the west-southwest towards an unnamed tributary,
which is located approximately 500 feet west of the site. The tributary flows northwest
into Lake Julian, which is located approximately 3,500 feet northwest of the site.
G.2 Geology
G.2.1 Regional Geology
The site is located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province. Based on a review of the
Geologic Map of North Carolina, dated 1985, the subject property is underlain by rocks
consisting primarily of muscovite-biotite gneiss. The bedrock in this region is
structurally complex and consists of crystalline rock that has been faulted and contorted
by past tectonic movements. The rock has weathered to residual soils which form the
mantle for the hillsides and hilltops. The typical residual soil profile in areas not
disturbed by erosion or construction -related activities consists of clayey soils near the
surface where weathering is more advanced and underlying sandy silt and silty sand.
G.2.2 Site Geology
On the basis of previous records related to drilling activities at the site, the following
interpretation of the site geology was developed.
On May 15, 2002, Altamont Environmental, Inc. advanced two soil borings and installed
two ground -water monitoring wells (MW-02 and MW-03). The wells are located
approximately 70 feet and 165 feet hydraulically downgradient of the source area (Figure 4).
According to the Well Construction Records, soil encountered during advancement of the
borings consisted of tan silty clay from ground surface to five feet below ground surface
(bgs) and grey silt from five feet to thirteen feet bgs. On November 3, 2003, MACIEC
advanced two exploratory hand -auger borings approximately 15 feet east of the former
excavation area. Soil encountered during advancement of the hand -auger borings consisted
of grey, very micaceous, sandy silt from ground surface to 10 feet bgs.
On October 29, 2003, ground water was encountered at approximately 1 to 4 feet bgs in
monitoring wells MW-01, MW-02, and MW-03. Copies of the well construction records for
wells MW-02 and MW-03 are provided in Appendix A.
HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
The hydraulic conductivity is a constant of proportionality relating to the ease with which a
fluid passes through a porous medium. Based on MACTEC's experience at sites with
similar soil characteristics (i.e., micaceous sandy silts) in the Blue Ridge region, we
estimate the hydraulic conductivity at the site to be approximately 2.0 to 2.5 ft/day.
5 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility— 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
In addition to hydraulic conductivity (k), the rate of groundwater movement (v) at the site is
a function of hydraulic gradients (i) and the effective porosity (ne) of site soils, as indicated
by the equation v = ki/ne. Based on published values for similar soils, the effective porosity
of the soil at the site is estimated to be about 30 percent (Driscoll, 1986). The hydraulic
conductivity of the soil estimated from previous investigations in the area is 2.0 to 2.5
feet/day. Based on the hydraulic conductivity range, a hydraulic gradient of 0.03 feet/foot
(between wells MW-01 and MW-03), and an average effective porosity of 0.30, the linear
velocity of ground water in soil at this site is estimated to range between 73.0 and 913 feet
per year. .
G3 Transmissivity and Specific Yield
Transmissivity is the measure of the amount of water that can be transmitted horizontally by
the full saturated thickness of the aquifer under a hydraulic gradient of 1.
Transmissivity (7) is calculated as the product of the hydraulic conductivity (K) and the
saturated thickness of the aquifer (b). In this instance, hydraulic conductivity has been
estimated to range from 2.0 to 2.5 ft/day. Aquifer thickness is typically .estimated by
determining either the maximum vertical extent of ground -water contamination or the depth
to bedrock or other impervious soil layer. However, the shallow depth (total depths of 10 to
14 feet bgs) of monitoring wells and absence of additional information regarding subsurface
conditions at the site precluded direct measurement of aquifer thickness. Based on
MACTEC's experience at other sites in the area, we estimate the depth of bedrock at the site
to be between 40 and 50 feet bgs. Based on a ground -water depth of 2.97 feet that was
measured in well MW-01 in October 2003, the total saturated thickness of the aquifer is
estimated to be between 37 and 47 feet.
K = 2.0 feet/day
K= 2.5 feet/day
b = 37 feet
b=47feet
T=bK
T = 37 ft x 2.0 ft/day = 74.0 ft2/day
T,,.. = 47 ft x 2.5 ft/day = 117.5 ft2/day
Specific yield is the ratio of the volume of water that drains from a saturated rock owing to
the attraction of gravity to the total volume of the rock (Fetter, 1988). Published values of
specific yield for soil types indicate that the average specific yield for silty soils is 18 %.
H. MONITORING PROCEDURE
Provide plans for proposed location and construction details of ground -water monitoring
well network, including a schedule for sampling and analytical methods. Include any
modeling/testing performed to investigate injectant's potential or susceptibility to change
(biological, chemical or physical) in the subsurface.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
A monitoring program will be initiated after the ORCTM injection event at the site to track
enhanced degradation of the target compounds. Components of the monitoring program
will include:
Quarterly sampling and semi-annual reporting of wells MW-01 and RW-01
(source area wells) and MW-02 and MW-03 (downgradient plume -delimiting
wells) during the first and last year of the corrective action program. The analytical
results for the non -reporting quarters will be submitted to the Asheville Regional
Office of NCDENR.
Semi-annual sampling and annual reporting of the well network described above
will be conducted during year two. The analytical results for the non -reporting
semi-annual events will be submitted to the Asheville Regional Office of
NCDENR.
• Laboratory analysis of collected ground -water samples will be performed for
purgeable aromatics, including naphthalene, by EPA Method 602. During the final
year of post remediation sampling, additional analyses such as EPA Method 601
(including MTBE and IPE), EPA Method 504.1 (EDB), and EPA Method 625 will
be performed for site closure purposes.
Each monitoring report will include a brief historical summary of the site incident,
problems experienced during the repotting period, how the system is•operating towards
meeting the desired endpoints, if the contaminant plume is moving or changing in
concentration, and recommendations to improve operations, if any. The report will also
include a brief discussion of the methods utilized in obtaining samples and will include the
laboratory analyses listed in a table by well identification number. The table will have a
column that outlines analytical results and the North Carolina Groundwater Quality
Standards. Samples exhibiting concentrations that exceed Groundwater Quality Standards
will be highlighted in bold.
The monitoring report will include maps that depict the following:
1. Estimated distribution of the dissolved -phase contaminant plume. A separate
isopleth map for benzene will be provided. This map will display the levels of
benzene concentrations in ground water with the use of inferred isoplethllines
which connect points of equal concentrations.
2. Water table contour maps, with water levels shown in each well gauged,
referenced to a surveyed datum.
As the enhanced biodegradation of contaminants progresses, the concentrations of target
compounds in the source area wells are expected to attenuate to levels below their
respective State Ground -water Standards. Verification that ground -water clean-up goals
have been achieved at the site will be obtained when the sampled wells exhibit compound
concentrations that are below their respective State Ground -water Standards during four
consecutive quarterly sampling events.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
I. WELL USE Will the injection well(s) also be used as the supply well(s) for the
following?
(1) The injection operation?
(2) Personal consumption?
J. CONSTRUCTION DATA (check one)
YES NO X
YES NO X'
EXISTING WELL being proposed for use as an injection well. Provide
the data in (1) through (7) below to the best of your knowledge. Attach a
copy of Form GW-1 (Well Construction Record) if available.
X PROPOSED WELL to be constructed for use as an injection well.
Provide the data in (1) through (7) below as PROPOSED construction
specifications. Submit Form GW-1 after construction.
Well Drilling Contractor's Name: Subsurface Environmental Investigations, Inc.
NC Contractor Certification number: 2576
Date to be constructed: TBD Number of borings: 45
Approximate depth of each boring (feet): 11 feet bgs
Well casing: N/A
Type: Galvanized steel Black steel_ Plastic_
Other (specify) open hole injection of ORCTM compound
Casing depth: From N/A to ft. (reference to land surface)
Casing extends above ground N/A inches
(4) Grout:
Grout type: Cement Bentonite x
Other (specify) bentonite from 1.5 to 0.5 feet bgs
Grouted surface and grout depth (reference to land surface): N/A
around closed loop piping; from to (feet).
around well casing; from to (feet).
(5) Screens: N/A
Depth: From to feet below ground surface.
(6) N.C. State Regulations (Title 15A NCAC 2C .0200) require the permittee to
make provisions for monitoring wellhead processes. A faucet on both influent
(recovered groundwater) and effluent (fluid being injected into the well) lines is
generally required. N/A
(7)
Will there be a faucet on the influent line? yes no
Will there be a faucet on the effluent line? yes no
SOURCE WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION (if different from
injection well). Attach a copy of Form GW-1 (Well Construction Record). If
Form GW-1 is not available, provide the data in part G of this application form to
the best of your knowledge.
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Skyland Distributing' Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
NOTE: THE WELL DRILLING CONTRACTOR CAN SUPPLY THE DATA FOR EITHER
EXISTING OR PROPOSED WELLS IF THIS INFORMATION IS UNAVAILABLE
BY OTHER MEANS.
K. OTHER WELL DATA
Provide a tabulation of data on all wells within 'A mile of the injection well(s), excepting
water supply wells serving a single-family residence, which penetrate the proposed
injection zone. Such data shall include a description of each well's type, depth, record of
abandonment or completion, and additional information the Director may require.
Four ground -water monitoring wells and one ground -water recovery well are located on
the site within IA mile of the proposed injection wells/borings. Well construction records
for wells MW-02 and MW-03 (only well construction records available), a monitoring
well location map, and a table summarizing monitoring well construction details have
been included in Appendix A. The on -site recovery well, RW-01, is not an active
pumping well.
Two private water supply wells have been identified within ''A mile of the proposed
injection wells. Altamont Environmental, Inc. identified a water supply well located on
the subject property during a receptor survey conducted in May 2002. The water supply
well has been disconnected and no longer serves the on -site structure. According to Lisa
Stephens, a representative of the current property owner, the exact location of the well
was not known. However, MAC: EEC's field activities at the site indicated that the well is
located approximately 100 feet to the southeast of the proposed injection grid. A water
supply well is also located approximately 300 feet east of the injection wells at the
adjacent property, Mr. Power Mini Storage. Ms. Stephens stated that water from the
supply well on the Mr. Power Mini Storage property is used exclusively for a commercial
car wash located on the property. Additional information about the supply wells is not
available.
L. PROPOSED OPERATING DATA
(1) Injection rate: Average (daily) gallons per minute (gpm)
(2) Injection volume: Average (daily) 260 gallons of slurry per day (gpd) for single
event (45 injection points)
(3) Injection pressure: Average (daily) <50 pounds/square inch (psi)
(4) Injection temperature: Average (January) 36° F, Average (July) 74° F
(5) Hydraulic capacity of the well: N/A
(6) Expected lifetime of the injection facility: 2 years days
(7) Give a description of how the above data will be measured and controlled: The
ORCTM slurry will be injected directly into the subsurface using a pump and hose
system attached directly to the direct push boring equipment. Injection pressure
will be monitored and regulated during installation of the slurry.
M. INJECTION -RELATED EQUIPMENT
Attach a diagram showing the detailed plans and specifications of the surface and
subsurface construction details of the system.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
See Figure 5.
N. LOCATION OF WELL(S) -
Attach a scaled, site -specific map(s) showing the location(s) of the following:
(1) the proposed injection well(s); Figure 3
(2) all property boundaries; Figure 6
(3) contour intervals not exceeding two feet; Figure 4 and Table 1
(4) the direction and distance from the injection well or well system to two nearby,
permanent reference points (such as roads, streams, and highway intersections);
Figure 3 — reference to Skyland Distributing building and Weston Road
(5) all buildings within the property boundary; Figure 6.
(6) any other existing or abandoned wells, including water supply and monitoring
wells, within the area of review of the injection well or wells system; Figure 4.
(7) potentiometric surface showing direction of groundwater movement; Figure 4.
(8) the horizontal and vertical extent of the contaminant plume (including
isoconcentration lines and plume cross sections); Volatile organic compounds
have been detected at concentrations that exceed NCAC 2L Standards in
monitoring well MW-1 and recovery well RW-01, which extend to depths of 14
feet and 10 feet bgs, respectively. A BTEX (sum of benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene, and total xylene concentrations) iso-concentration contour map is
presented in Figure 7.
(9) any existing sources of potential or known groundwater contamination, including
waste storage, treatment or disposal systems within the area of review of the
injection well or well system; See locations of contaminated sidewall soil
samples NS2 and ES 1 in Figure 2.
(10) all surface water bodies within 1000 feet of the injection well or well system.
(Figure 1)
O. INJECTION FLUID DATA
(I)
Fluid source, if underground, from what depth, formation and type of
rock/sediment unit will the fluid be drawn (e.g., granite, limestone, sand, etc.).
Depth:
Formation:
Rock/sediment unit:
(2) Provide the chemical, physical, biological and radiological characteristics of the fluid
to be injected.
ORCTM is an environmentally -safe product marketed for remedial applications by
Regenesis. ORCTM is a formulation of magnesium peroxide (MgO2) that is
intercalated with food grade phosphate ions to facilitate oxygen release into the
saturated zone at a controlled rate. The product has been shown to promote aerobic
biological degradation of petroleum compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, and
ethylbenzene under pilot- and full-scale conditions. The volume of ORCTM to be
injected into the subsurface is based upon the hydraulic properties of the aquifer, the
10 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
dissolved contaminant concentration, and the extent of the contaminant plume.
Additional information can be obtained from Regenesis' website
www.regenesis.com.
P. PERMIT LIST
Attach a list of all permits or construction approvals that are related to the site, including
but not limited to:
(1) Hazardous Waste Management program permits under RCRA
(2) NC Division of Water Quality Non -Discharge permits
(3) Sewage Treatment and Disposal Permits
(4) Other environmental permits required by state or federal law.
Q. CER I'IFICATION
"I hereby certify, under penalty of law, that I have personally examined and am familiar
with the information submitted in this document and all attachments thereto and that,
based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining said
information, I believe that the information is true, accurate and complete. I am aware that
there are significant penalties, including the possibility of fines and imprisonment, for
submitting false information. I agree to construct, operate, maintain, repair, and if
applicable, abandon the injection well and all related appurtenances in accordance with
the approved specifications and conditions of the Permit."
(Signaturfell Owner or Authojied Agent)
If authorized agent is acting on behalf of the well owner,
please supply a letter signed by the owner
authorizing the above agent.
R. CONSENT OF PROPERTY OWNER (Owner means any person who holds the fee or
other property rights in the well being constructed. A well is real property and its
construction on land rests ownership in the landowner in the absence of contrary
agreement in writing.)
If the property is owned by someone other than the applicant, the property owner hereby
consents to allow the applicant to construct each injection well as outlined in this
application and that it shall be the responsibility of the applicant to ensure that the
injection well(s) conforms to the Well Construction Standards (Title 15A NCAC 2C
.0200)
ignature Of Property Owner If Different From Applicant)
11 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
Please retum two copies of the completed Application package to:
UIC Program
Groundwater Section
North Carolina DENR-DWQ
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
Telephone [phone]
12 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1252
APPENDIX A
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

TABLE 1
MONITORING WELL DATA
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
MACTEC PROJECT 6590.03-1317
Monitoring
Location
Top of Casing
Elevation (feet)
Screened Interval
(feet from TOC)
Total Depth
(feet from TOC)
Depth to
Water (feet)
Ground -Water
Elevation (feet)
MW-01
97.27
4-14
14
2.97
94.30
.•: ro. ... c^m .
'r. r s:
,.-, ;..-a, ....,.-
..r:. ,,, ...•-n
e , txvuF, ",-,x_ ..-
MW-02
94.20
3 - 13
13
2.06
92.14
a;,• „„..1........„- .0,, ,..,
,_.'s: xrr ,.., a:..:
._, r.,u„z,rr" -...-:.,
4.20
-..r.,t,,a: _k:.,A
88.22
MW-03
92.42
3 - 13
13
i" _ ,. zrz
-r.
-:,. ry
z. .. zza,3 cd,.x wLa ..
n4` _ p3£ir;0
RW-01
96.48
3 - 10
10
3.11
,.
93.37
V
1v.t;.6e£.q,-natzaa
v..«....-«, ;"xn.,:a
OMW-1
97.06
unknown
unknown
NM
+30. .a t.---ZYk,
r, x= . u ,-, st t _ ... k- „,,,
a ,£a,..a „,W.m,X
x t
Notes:
Monitoring well construction and elevation information was obtained from "Groundwater Monitoring
Report-Skyland Distributing Facility", dated June 5, 2003, prepared by Altamont Environmental, Inc.
NM = Not Measured
Water levels were measured on November 3, 2003.
Relative benchmark of 100.00' set at concrete monument at northeastern corner of property (by Altamont Environmental, Inc.).
Prepared by:SR Eft. IIs1 to
Checked by: ik1t>„) sic[vm -

2536
s
WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
North Carolina - Department of Environmental and Natural Resources - Division of Water Quality - Groundwater Section
WELL CONTRACTOR (INDIVIDUAL) NAME (print) DANNY SUMMERS CERTIFICATION# • 2579
WELL CONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME GEOLOGIC EXPLORATION, INC. PHONE # [phone]
STATE WELL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT#
(if applicable)
ASSOCIATED WQ PER1vfIT#
(if applicable)
I. WELL USE (Check Applicable Box): Residential ❑
Monitoring ® Recovery ❑ Heat Pure Water Injection 0
2. WELL LOCATION:
Nearest Town: ARDEN County BUNCOMBE
14BARBEQIIE LANE
Mtmicipal/Public ❑ Industrial ❑ Agricultural ❑
Other❑ If Other, list Use
(Sheet Name, Nombets, Coammn(ty, Subdivision, Lot No, Zip Code)
3. OWNER: SKYLANDDISTRIBUCING
Address 14 BAItBEQUE LANE
ARDEN
(Street or Route No.)
NC 28704
City or Town State Zio Code
Area Code -Phone Number
4. DATE DRILLED 5as-oz
5. TOTAL DEPTH: 13.0 FEET
6. DOES WELL REPLACE EXISTING WELL? YES 0 NO 123
7. STATIC WATER LEVEL Below Top of Casing FT.
(Use "(-" if Above Top of Cuing)
8. TOP OF CASING IS o.o Ff. Above Land Surface*
'Top creasing terminated a✓or below land surface requires a
variance in accordance with 15A NCAC 2C.0118.
9. YIELD (gpm): N/A METHOD OF TEST N/A
10. WATER ZONES (depth): N/A
11. DISINFECTION: Type N/A
12. CASING:
Depth
From 0.0 To
From
From
13. Grout:
Amount
Wall Thickness
Diameter or Weight/FL
3.0 Ft 2INCH SCH40
To Ft
To Ft.
Depth Material
From 0.0 To 1.0 Pt. Portland Bentonite
To Ft.
Depth Diameter Slot Size Material
From 3.0 To 13.0 Ft. 2.0 in. .010 in PVC
Material
PVC
From
14. SCREEN:
Method
Sbmy
From To
15. SAND/GRAVEL PACK:
Depth
From 2.0 To
From To
16. REMARKS:
Ft.
m. m
Size Material
13.0 Ft. 20-40 FINE SILICA SAND
Ft.
Show direction and distance in miles from at leap
two State Roads or County Roads, Mottled the rail
numbers and common road names.
MW-2 BENIONI E SEAL FROM 1.0 TO 2.0 FEET
DEPTH
From To
0.0 5.0
Topographic/Land setting
❑ Ridge 0 Slope 0 Valley ® Flat
(check appropriate box)
Latitude/longitude of well location
(degrees/minutes/seconds)
Latitude/longitude source: 0 GPS 0 Topographic map
(check box)
DRILLING LOG
Formation Description
TAN SILTY CLAY
5.0 13.0 GREY SILT
cci
CFI
LOCATION SKETCH
rn-
m
c7
I DO HEARBY CERTIFY THAT THIS WELL WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH 15A NCAC 2C, WELL
CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS, AND THAT A COPY OF THIS RECO HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO THE WELL OWNER
u C
SF ATURE OF PERSON CONSTRUCTING THE WELL DATE
Subrnit,the origingal to the Divis
27699.t636,Ehrgte b4t .jj19) 7
GROUNDWATER SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
ater Quality, Groundwater Section, 1636 Mail Service Canter- Raleigh, NC
, within 30 days.
GW-1 REV.07/2001

WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
253640
North Carolina - Department of Environmental and Natural Resources - Division of Water Quality - Groundwater Section
WELL CONTRACTOR (INDIVIDUAL) NAME (print) DANNY SUMMERS CERTIFICATION# 2579
WELL CONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME cnOLoctC ExPLortATION, INC. PHONE # [phone]
STATE WELL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT#
(if applicable)
ASSOCIATED WQ PERMIT#
(if applicable)
1. WELL USE (Check Applicable Box): Residential ❑
Monitoring ® Recovery ❑ Heat Pump Water Injection ❑
2. WELL LOCATION:
Nearest Town: ARDEN County BUNCOMBE
14 EARBEQOE LANE
Municipal/Public ❑ Industrial ❑ Agricultural ❑
Other❑ If Other, list Use
(Street Name, Numbest, Community, Subdivision, Lot No., Zip Code)
3. OWNER: SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
Address 14BARBEQIJE LANE .
ARDEN
(Street or Route No.)
NC 28704
Citv or Town State Zia Code
Area Code - Phone Number
4. DATE DRILLEL) s4s-o2
5. TOTAL DEPTH: 13.0 FEET
6. DOES WELL REPLACE EXISTING WELL? YES ❑ NO El
7. STATIC WATER LEVEL Below Top of Casing FT.
(Use "+" if Above Top of Casing)
S. TOP OF CASING IS o.o FT. Above Land Surface*
"Top of casing terminated at/or below land surface requires a
variance in accordance with 15A NCAC 2C .0118.
9. YIELD (gpm): N/A METHOD OF TEST N/A
10. WATER ZONES (depth):
N/A •
11. DISINFECTION: Type N/A
12. CASING:
Depth
From 0.0 To
From To Ft.
From To Ft.
13..Grout: Depth
From 0.0 To
From To Ft.
14. SCREEN: Depth
Amount
Wall Thickness
Diameter - or Weight/Ft. Material
3.0 Ft 2INCH SCH40 PVC
Material Method
1.0 Ft. Portland Bentonite Sluny
Diameter Slot Size Material
From 3.0 To 13.0 FL 2.0 in. .010 in PVC
From To Ft. in. in
15. SAND/GRAVEL PACK:
Depth
From 2.0 To
From
16. REMARKS:
Size Material
13.0 FL 20-40 FINE SILICA SAND
To Ft.
DEPTH
From To
0.0 5.0
Topographic/Land setting
❑ Ridge ❑ Slope ❑ Valley ® Flat
(check appropriate box)
Latitude/longitude of well location
(degrees/mmotes/seconds)
Latitude longitude source: ❑ GPS ❑ Topographicmap
(check box)
DRILLING LOG
Formation Description
TAN SILTY CLAY
5.0 13.0 GREY SILT
c
S
IV o
a
rri�
LOCATION SKETCH
Show direction and distance in miles from at least
two State Roads or County Roads, inculed the rbad
numbers and common road names.
MW-3 BENTONTTE SEAL FROM 1.0 TO 2.0 FEET
4ac -
I DO HEARBY CERTIFY THAT THIS WELL WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH 15ANCAC 2C. WELL
CONSTRUCTION Si ARDS, ANQ,THAT A FtOPY OF THIS RECORD HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO THE WELL OWNER
µ't
ECM
GNATURE OF PERSON CONSTRUCTING THE WELL
Submit the originalto the Diii4ioWater Quality, Groundwater Section, 1636 Mail Service Center- Raleigh, NC
27699-1666 Phone No. (919) 733 221, within 30 days.
GROUNDWATER SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
DATE
GW-1 REV. 07/2001

APPENDIX B
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY CALCULATIONS

1� MACTEC
MAC EEC Engineering and Consulting
1308-C Patton Avenue
Asheville, NC 28806
•
I
1 97
JOB NO. 6Stjo-o3-i3(9 SHEET I OF
PHASE TASK 0
JOB NAME SK9 (oo
BY SDATE (123K
CHECKED BY Ht-N-) DATE Z(`t /1 I
I
I '
►rye o Ueine.v
t e _......_......_ ,, I
-_.....;
i 1
I
I
I
o
14 3
rxi
1
0:o3'%f 41/
c.3a
0

APPENDIX C
FIGURES

SKYLAND, N.C. QUADRANGLE
35082-D5-1F-024
DMA 4454 I NE -SERIES V842
PRINTED 1965
PHOTOREVISED 1991
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
GRAPHIC SCALE FEET
1000 500
0
1000
2000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
NOTE: SITE LOCATION IS APPROXIMATE.
TOPOGRAPHIC SITE MAP
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
d
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
ASHEVILLE. NORTH CARCUNA
MACTEC
DRAWN: £J(_
DATE: JAN. 2004
DFT CHECK: Nlku
SCALE: 1" = 1,000'
ENG CHECK: -
JOB: 6590-03-1317
APPROVAL: v'\/te-k.J
FIG: 1

FORMER„c$KyLAND DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BO111DING AND WAREHOUSE
IFGFND
177) EXCAVATION AREA (5' - 6' BGS)
-�> FENCE
4111 NS2 - 3' BGS
J
0
L-
WESTON ROAD
NS2-3' BGS
(1,000/260)
FORMER AST
CONTAINMENT AREA
LASPHALT7
EXCAVATIONAREA
SIDE -WALL SOIL. SAMPLE - DEPTH BELOW GROUND SURFACE
(TPH-DRO/TPH-GRO CONCENTRATIONS IN PPM)
SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON 2/13/02
REFERENCE: SITE ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIAL ACTION REPORT,
DATED JUNE 11, 2002, BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
EST - 4' 86S
(5.200/3,600)
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
20 10 0 20
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET
%MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
MAIN EXCAVATION AREA
AND FORMER AST SYSTEM LOCATION
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
PREP sky 1C
PR EC
DATEtz.2(01'(
CHECKED
DATE It4o9
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
F FIGURE
2

•
•
WESTON ROAD
• • • • •
(20 feet east)
•
BLDG.
GRAVEL
P
I•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
EXCAVATION AREA
° e °
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
• •
•
• •
•
•
L
•
• •
LEGEND
---EXCAVATION AREA
FENCE
INFILTRATION GALLERY PIPING (PERFORATED)
INFILTRATION GALLERY PIPING (SOLID)
• PROPOSED ORC INJECTION POINT
INFILTRATION GALLERY LAYOUT BASED UPON
SITE ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIAL ACTION REPORT,
DATED JUNE 11, 2002, BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
• •
•
•
1D 5u 0 10
APPEOXIRATE SCATS W FEET
%MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
INJECTION POINT LAYOUT
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
BYEPA3 2jr
BY SS
DATEI [22 ( O 4
CNECKEDea
DATE •2 itmd 1
JOB N0.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
3

%MW-03
88.22)
( t
SO 0
m o
T
ci
m
a m
WESTON ROAD.
I eMW-02
IL (92.14) I
0
N �
m _cn
GENERAL ZED
GRADIENT YOR ULIC
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
WAREHOUSE
LEGEND
ib0MW-01
®MW-01 MONITORING WELL
(GROUND -WATER ELEVATION IN FEET)
O RW-01 RECOVERY WELL
00MW-01 OLD MONITORING WELL
—93.0- GENERALIZED GROUND -WATER
ELEVATION CONTOUR
(CONTOUR ELEVATION IN FEET)
GROUND -WATER ELEVATIONS MEASURED ON NOVEMBER 3, 2004.
0
CONCRETE MOMUMENT
I 100-FT ASSUMED ELEVATION
pi
O0
I 00M'W-01
0RW-01 m (94.30)
(93.37)
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
40 20 0 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE. IN PEEP
IMACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
MONITORING WELL LOCATION
AND GROUND —WATER CONTOUR MAP
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
ARED
BYE jk.K
DATE (23(o t
CHECKED 1'kGv
DALE Llti lvvi
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
4

LOW-PRESSURE INJECTIOAI
OF OReSLURRY
OPEN -HOLE
DIRECT -PUSH BORING
INJECTION POINT DIAGRAM
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILTY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
ASPHALT PATCH
BENTONITE ' 1.0'
ORCW
SLURRY
MACTECENGINEERING AND G INC.
DRAWN:
DATE: JAN. 2004
DFT CHECK: Mot)
)
SCALE: NOT TO SCALE
ENG CHECK: --
PROJ.: 6590-03-1317
APPROVAL iltr\Vt..)
FIG:
5
REFERENCE: CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN, DATED DECEMBER 16, 2003

WESTON ROAD
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
RAILROAD
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
EXPLANATION
FENCE
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
06 30 0 60
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN B'ENP
%MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
SUBJECT SITE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROUNA
PREPARED,
BY3 tic.
DATEL lalf 0'1
CHECKED,
DATE 7'14 [D'i
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
6

®MW-03
(ND)
®MW-02
(ND)
WESTON.ROAD
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
J
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
WAREHOUSE
LEGEND
•OMW-01
J
100
eRW-01 •MW-01
(1,240) (642)
1.000
• (642)W-1 MONITORING WELL
(BTEX GROUND -WATER CONCENTRATION IN ug/L)
• RW-01 RECOVERY WELL
•OMW-01 OLD MONITORING WELL
-100 - BTEX ISO -CONCENTRATION CONTOUR WITH CONCENTRATION IN ug/L
BTEX CONCENTRATIONS BASED ON CONCENTRATIONS OF BENZENE,
ETHYLBENZENE, TOLUENE, AND TOTAL XYLENES DETECTED IN SAMPLES
COLLECTED BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON APRIL 16, 2003.
w
MR. POWER MINI STORA
40 20 0 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET
%MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
BTEX CONCENTRATION IN GROUND WATER
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
8?) U3 .
DA>EI/23 /o L/
CHECKED 1me1/4.)
GATE jID1
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
7

MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue, Asheville, North Carolina 28806
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
TO: Mr. Qu Qi
NCDENR-Groundwater Section
Interchange Building
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
Date: March 1, 2004
Job 6590-03-1317
No.
Project Skyland Distributing Facility
Name:
Attention: Qu Qi
RE: 5I Permit Application
FROM: Stuart Knoop
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28806
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
WE ARE SENDING YOU ®Attached ❑Under separate cover via _the following items:
❑Shop Drawings ❑Prints ❑Plans ['Samples ['Specifications
DCopy of Letter ❑Change order ® Report
IF ENCLOSURES ARE NOT AS NOTED. KINDLY NOTIFY US AT ONCE.
COPIES
DATE
NO.
DESCRIPTION
e
1
12/16/03
5I Permit Application — Skyland Distributing Facility
An-,
_ l
p
li
4
r...ft
o
THESE ARE TRANSMITTED as checked below:
❑For approval
®For your use
As requested
❑For review and comment
❑Approved as submitted
['Approved as noted
❑Returned for corrections
❑Resubmit _ copies for approval
❑Submit copies for distribution
❑Return _ corrected prints
['FOR BIDS DUE . 19 ❑PRINTS RETURNED AFTER LOAN TO US
REMARKS Qu-
Two copies have been sent to Evan Kane in Raleigh. Please call with any questions. Thanks.
COPY TO File
Signed:

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND USE WELLS FOR
INJECTION
CLASS 5I WELLS
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
NCDENR INCIDENT NO. 86033
Prepared for:
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
c/o Mr. William Clarke
Roberts & Stevens, P.A.
Post Office Box 7647
Asheville, North Carolina 28802
Prepared by
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue
Asheville, North Carolina 28806
February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1317

MACTEC
February 6, 2004
Mr. William Clarke
Roberts & Stevens, P.A.
Post Office Box 7647
Asheville, North Carolina 28802
Subject: Class 51 Inject Well Permit Application
Skyland Distributing Facility
14 Weston Road
Arden, North Carolina
NCDENR Incident No. 86033
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1317
Dear Mr. Clarke:
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. (MACTEC) is pleased to submit this Application for
Permit to Construct and Use Wells for Injection Class 5I Wells at the Skyland Distributing
Facility located at 14 Weston Road in Arden, North Carolina. This application permit was
completed for submittal to the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources — Division of Water Quality (NCDENR-DWQ) Groundwater Section on behalf of
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
Information provided within this permit application is intended for the exclusive use of Skyland
Distributing Company, Inc. The contents should not be relied upon by any other party without
the express written consent of MACTEC, and that party's acceptance of mutually agreeable terms
and conditions.
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
1308-C Patton Avenue • Asheville, NC 28806
828-252-8130 • Fax: [phone]

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1252
We appreciate the opportunity to provide environmental services to Skyland Distributing
Company, Inc. and Roberts & Stevens, P.A. on this project. If any questions arise, please
contact us at [phone].
Sincerely,
MACTEC ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
tuof Oilteist
Stuart R. Khoop. L.G.
Project Geologist
attachment: Class 5I Injection Well Permit Application
cc: Evan Kane - NCDENR — Groundwater Section — UIC Program
Ms. Lisa Stephens — F.I. Realty
Mr. Frank Sinkwich— Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR
INJECTION
Class SI Wells
In Accordance with the provisions of NCAC Title 15A: 02C.0200
Complete application and mail to address on the back page.
TO: DIRECTOR, NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
DATE: February 6, 2004
A. PERMIT APPLICANT
Name: Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
Address: 840 Ronald Wood Road
City: Winder State: Georgia Zip Code: 30680
County: Telephone: [phone]
B. PROPERTY OWNER (if different from applicant)
Name: F.I. Realty, LLC
Address: Forest Center, 932 Hendersonville Road, Suite 201
City: State: Asheville Zip Code: 28803
County: Buncombe Telephone: [phone]
C. STATUS OF APPLICANT
Private: Commercial: X Federal: State:
County: Municipal: Native American Lands:
D. FACILITY (SffE) DATA
(Fill out ONLY if the Status is Federal, State, County, Municipal or Commercial).
Name of Business or Facility: Skyland Distributing Facility
Address: 14 Weston Road
City: Arden Zip Code: 28803 County: Buncombe (Figure 1)
Telephone: [phone] Contact Person: Lisa Stephens (F.I. Realty, LLC)
1 of 12

2-1
Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
E. INJECTION PROCEDURE
Provide a detailed description of all planned activities relating to the proposed injection
facility including but not Limited to:
(1) construction plans and materials;
(2) operation procedures; and
(3) a planned injection schedule.
Activities related to the storage and distribution of petroleum products at the Skyland
Distributing facility have impacted the soil and ground water beneath the site. The results
of previous ground -water monitoring events at the site indicate that concentrations of
petroleum compounds in collected ground -water samples have declined since February
2002. This consistent decline in contaminant concentrations is largely attributable to
degradation of dissolved petroleum compounds by aerobic (oxygen -demanding)
microorganisms native to soil at the site. Following the release of contaminants on the
subject property, native microorganisms in the aquifer have adapted to growth on
contaminants. The microorganisms are aerobic and have the ability to break down the
contaminants in the soil and ground water. The growth of the microbial population has
been largely limited by the availability of oxygen.
Skyland Distributing intends to accelerate the rate of biodegradation of petroleum
compounds in ground water by injection of Oxygen Release Compound (ORC)TM into the
saturated zone. Injection of ORCTM will increase the supply of oxygen (the limiting
factor for aerobic microbes) to the contaminated aquifer. ORCTM is a commercially
available, environmentally -safe product marketed for remedial applications by Regenesis.
ORCTM is a formulation of magnesium peroxide (MgO2) that is intercalated with food
grade phosphate ions to facilitate oxygen release into the saturated zone at a controlled
rate. The product has been shown to promote aerobic biological degradation of petroleum
compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, and ethylbenzene under pilot- and full-scale
conditions. Drinking water wells or other receptors are not located in the vicinity of the
proposed injection area.
Ground -water sampling was conducted in November 2003 to determine initial chemical
parameters (total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations, biological and chemical oxygen
demand, and ferrous iron and manganese concentrations) in the contaminated aquifer.
These parameters and aquifer characteristics were entered into a web -based software
application provided by Regenesis (www.regenesis.com) to evaluate the volume of
ORCTM and density of injection points necessary to distribute the compound throughout
the contaminant plume. A total of 45 injection points, on an approximate 9-foot grid
pattern, will be advanced to a depth below the water table (approximately 11 feet bgs) in
accessible areas of the ground -water contamination plume utilizing direct push boring
equipment. The injection borings will be advanced using 1.75-inch diameter, expendable
conical points composed of steel or aluminum. Upon reaching a depth of 11 feet bgs, the
conical points will be detached and expended at the bottom of the borings.
An ORCTM slurry mixture will be generated in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations and will then be injected through the external probe rods into the
subsurface using a pump and hose system attached to the direct push boring equipment.
The probe rods will be retrieved from the hole as the slurry is injected. The ORCTM
injection slurry will be brought up to a depth of approximately 1.5 feet below ground
2 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
surface (bgs) in the borings, with one foot of hydrated bentonite to 0.5 feet bgs, and
asphalt pavement patch to surface. Based on the number and depth of injection points, the
soil conditions, the contaminant concentrations, and the equipment being used, we
estimate 930 pounds of ORCTM will be required.
We anticipate that slurry injection and installation and sealing of the injection points will
be completed within three days.
F. DESCRIPTION OF SITE
Provide a brief description of the contamination incident and the incident number
assigned by the Division of Water Quality staff in the Department's Regional Office:
Soil contamination was initially identified near a diesel product line and fuel dispenser
during a Limited subsurface investigation conducted in November 2001. Two 10,000-
gallon diesel aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) and one 5,000-gallon gasoline AST and
associated piping and dispensers were removed from the site on January 23, 2002 (Figure
2). On January 25 and 26, 2002, 39 tons of contaminated soil was excavated from areas
of petroleum staining near the former locations of the diesel fuel dispenser and diesel
AST where the product line entered the subsurface. Soil was also removed from the
former location of the gasoline dispenser and the underground product lines.
Based on evidence of soil contamination in the former area of the fuel dispensers and
underground product lines, an additional 600 cubic yards of contaminated soil was
excavated to a depth of five to six feet below ground surface (bgs) on February 11, 2002.
Approximately one to two feet of clean fill soil was placed in the bottom of the
excavation, and approximately one foot of Number 57 washed stone was placed over the
compacted soil. In anticipation of possible future remedial action at the site, an
infiltration gallery consisting of one -inch diameter PVC pipe was placed over the washed
stone at a depth of two to three feet bgs (Figure 3). The gallery was covered with one foot
of Number 57 washed stone and a layer of filter fabric. Clean soil was placed on top of
the washed stone and compacted with a vibrating sheepsfoot roller to fill the remainder of
the excavation. The disturbed area was subsequently paved by Skyland Distributing.
Confirmation soil samples collected from the sidewalls of the excavation indicated that
TPH-GRO and TPH-DRO concentrations exceeded the NCDENR reportable level in soil
located at the base (below surficial ground water) and north and northeast of the
excavation (Figure 2). Additional soil excavation was not feasible because of the
proximity of a building, Weston Drive, and the subject property boundary (and off -site
building). Following installation of one recovery well and three monitoring wells at the
site, volatile and semi -volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) were detected in
ground -water samples collected from the area of the excavation and downgradient of the
excavation.
During an April 2003 ground -water monitoring event, two volatile and one semi -volatile
organic compounds (VOCs and SVOC) were detected at concentrations that exceeded
NCAC 2L Standards in ground -water samples collected from the two wells (MW-01 and
RW-01) located at the former excavation area. Two VOCs were identified in samples
3 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application..February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
collected from downgradient monitoring wells (MW-02 and MW-03) at concentrations
below the NCAC 2L Standard (Figure 4). SVOCs were not detected in samples collected
from the downgradient monitoring wells. These results indicate that concentrations of
VOCs and SVOCs above the NCAC 2L Standards extend less than 65 feet downgradient
of the source area.
On January 20, 2004, NCDENR granted approval for a Corrective Action Plan, dated
December 16, 2003, which recommended that low -flow air injection into vadose zone
soils becombined with injection of Oxygen Release CompoundTM (ORC) into surficial
ground water for remediation of soil and ground -water contamination at the site.
Incident Number assigned by NCDENR-DWQ: 86033.
G. HYDROGEOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
SECTION (G) MUST BE ORIGINALLY SEALED AND SIGNED BY A
LICENSED GEOLOGIST
Provide a hydrogeologic description, soils description, and cross section of the subsurface
to a depth that included the known or projected depth of contamination. The number of
borings shall be sufficient to determine the following:
(1) the regional geologic setting;
(2) significant changes in Ethology;
(3) the hydraulic conductivity of the saturated zone;
(4) the depth to the mean seasonal high water table; and
(5) a determination of transmissivity and specific yield of the aquifer to be used for
injection (showing calculations).
I have prepared the narrative contents in the following hydrogeologic descriptionfrom a review
of the pertinent geologic / hydrogeologic information.
The following sections describe the regional geologic conditions and the methods employed
to obtain physical data that support our discussion of the local geologic and environmental
conditions.
4 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
G.1 Topographic Conditions
Using the 1965 U.S.G.S. Topographic Map of the Skyland, NC Quadrangle, as shown on
Figure 1, the topography in the vicinity of the site is relatively flat. The property is
located at an approximate elevation of 2,240 feet NGVD. The general area surrounding
the site appears to slope downward to the west-southwest towards an unnamed tributary,
which is located approximately 500 feet west of the site. The tributary flows northwest
into Lake Julian, which is located approximately 3,500 feet northwest of the site.
G.2 Geology
G.2.1 Regional Geology
The site is located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province. Based on a review of the
Geologic Map of North Carolina, dated 1985, the subject property is underlain by rocks
consisting primarily of muscovite-biotite gneiss. The bedrock in this region is
structurally complex and consists of crystalline rock that has been faulted and contorted
by past tectonic movements. The rock has weathered to residual soils which form the
mantle for the hillsides and hilltops. The typical residual soil profile in areas not
disturbed by erosion or construction -related activities consists of clayey soils near the
surface where weathering is more advanced and underlying sandy silt and silty sand.
G.2.2 Site Geology
On the basis of previous records related to drilling activities at the site, the following
interpretation of the site geology was developed.
On May 15, 2002, Altamont Environmental, Inc. advanced two soil borings and installed
two ground -water monitoring wells (MW-02 and MW-03). The wells are located
approximately 70 feet and 165 feet hydraulically downgradient of the source area (Figure 4).
According to the Well Construction Records, soil encountered during advancement of the
borings consisted of tan silty clay from ground surface to five feet below ground surface
(bgs) and grey silt from five feet to thirteen feet bgs. On November 3, 2003, MACTEC
advanced two exploratory hand -auger borings approximately 15 feet east of the former
excavation area. Soil encountered during advancement of the hand -auger borings consisted
of grey, very micaceous, sandy silt from ground surface to 10 feet bgs.
On October 29, 2003, ground water was encountered at approximately 1 to 4 feet bgs in
monitoring wells MW-01, MW-02, and MW-03. Copies of the well construction records for
wells MW-02 and MW-03 are provided in Appendix A.
HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
The hydraulic conductivity is a constant of proportionality relating to the ease with which a
fluid passes through a porous medium. Based on MACTEC's experience at sites with
similar soil characteristics (i.e., micaceous sandy silts) in the Blue Ridge region, we
estimate the hydraulic conductivity at the site to be approximately 2.0 to 2.5 ft/day.
5 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
In addition to hydraulic conductivity (k), the rate of groundwater movement (v) at the site is
a function of hydraulic gradients (i) and the effective porosity (ne) of site soils, as indicated
by the equation v = ki/ne. Based on published values for similar soils, the effective porosity
of the soil at the site is estimated to be about 30 percent (Driscoll, 1986). The hydraulic
conductivity of the soil estimated from previous investigations in the area is 2.0 to 2.5
feet/day. Based on the hydraulic conductivity range, a hydraulic gradient of 0.03 feet/foot
(between wells MW-01 and MW-03), and an average effective porosity of 0.30, the linear
velocity of ground water in soil at this site is estimated to range between 73.0 and 91.3 feet
per year.
G.3 Transmissivity and Specific Yield
Transmissivity is the measure of the amount of water that can be transmitted horizontally by
the full saturated thickness of the aquifer under a hydraulic gradient of 1.
Transmissivity (7) is calculated as the product of the hydraulic conductivity (K) and the
saturated thickness of the aquifer (b). In this instance, hydraulic conductivity has been
estimated to range from 2.0 to 2.5 ft/day. Aquifer thickness is typically estimated by
determining either the maximum vertical extent of ground -water contamination or the depth
to bedrock or other impervious soil layer. However, the shallow depth (total depths of 10 to
14 feet bgs) of monitoring wells and absence of additional information regarding subsurface
conditions at the site precluded direct measurement of aquifer thickness. Based on
MAGI EC's experience at other sites in the area, we estimate the depth of bedrock at the site
to be between 40 and 50 feet bgs. Based on a ground -water depth of 2.97 feet that was
measured in well MW-01 in October 2003, the total saturated thickness of the aquifer is
estimated to be between 37 and 47 feet.
K = 2.0 feet/day
K = 2.5 feet/day
b = 37 feet
b=47feet
T=bK
T,,,i„ = 37 ft x 2.0 ft/day = 74.0 ft2/day
Lax = 47 ft x 2.5 ft/day = 117.5 ft2/day
Specific yield is the ratio of the volume of water that drains from a saturated rock owing to
the attraction of gravity to the total volume of the rock (Fetter, 1988). Published values of
specific yield for soil types indicate that the average specific yield for silty soils is 18 %.
H. MONITORING PROCEDURE
Provide plans for proposed location and construction details of ground -water monitoring
well network, including a schedule for sampling and analytical methods. Include any
modeling/testing performed to investigate injectant's potential or susceptibility to change
(biological, chemical or physical) in the subsurface.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
A monitoring program will be initiated after the ORCTM injection event at the site to track
enhanced degradation of the target compounds. Components of the monitoring program
will include:
Quarterly sampling and semi-annual reporting of wells MW-01 and RW-01
(source area wells) and MW-02 and MW-03 (downgradient plume -delimiting
wells) during the first and last year of the corrective action program. The analytical
results for the non -reporting quarters will be submitted to the Asheville Regional
Office of NCDENR.
• Semi-annual sampling and annual reporting of the well network described above
will be conducted during year two. The analytical results for the non -reporting
semi-annual events will be submitted to the Asheville Regional Office of
NCDENR.
• Laboratory analysis of collected ground -water samples will be performed for
purgeable aromatics, including naphthalene, by EPA Method 602. During the final
year of post remediation sampling, additional analyses such as EPA Method 601
(including MTBE and IPE), EPA Method 504.1 (EDB), and EPA Method 625 will
be performed for site closure purposes.
Each monitoring report will include a brief historical summary of the site incident,
problems experienced during the reporting period, how the system is operating towards
meeting the desired endpoints, if the contaminant plume is moving or changing in
concentration, and recommendations to improve operations, if any. The report will also
include a brief discussion of the methods utilized in obtaining samples and will include the
laboratory analyses listed in a table by well identification number. The table will have a
column that outlines analytical results and the North Carolina Groundwater Quality
Standards. Samples exhibiting concentrations that exceed Groundwater Quality Standards
will be highlighted in bold.
The monitoring report will include maps that depict the following:
1. Estimated distribution of the dissolved -phase contaminant plume. A separate
isopleth map for benzene will be provided. This map will display the levels of
benzene concentrations in ground water with the use of inferred isopleth lines
which connect points of equal concentrations.
2. Water table contour maps, with water levels shown in each well gauged,
referenced to a surveyed datum.
As the enhanced biodegradation of contaminants progresses, the concentrations of target
compounds in the source area wells are expected to attenuate to levels below their
respective State Ground -water Standards. Verification that ground -water clean-up goals
have been achieved at the site will be obtained when the sampled wells exhibit compound
concentrations that are below their respective State Ground -water Standards during four
consecutive quarterly sampling events.
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Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
I. WELL USE Will the injection well(s) also be used as the supply well(s) for the
following?
(1) The injection operation? YES NO X
(2) Personal consumption? YES NO X
I. CONSTRUCTION DATA (check one)
EXISTING WELL being proposed for use as an injection well. Provide
the data in (1) through (7) below to the best of your knowledge. Attach a
copy of Form GW-1 (Well Construction Record) if available.
X PROPOSED WELL to be constructed for use as an injection well.
Provide the data in (1) through (7) below as PROPOSED construction
specifications. Submit Form GW-1 after construction.
Well Drilling Contractor's Name: Subsurface Environmental Investigations, Inc.
NC Contractor Certification number: 2576
Date to be constructed: TBD Number of borings: 45
Approximate depth of each boring (feet): 11 feet bas
Well casing: N/A
Type: Galvanized steel Black steel_ Plastic
Other (specify) open hole injection of ORCTM compound
Casing depth. From N/A to ft. (reference to land surface)
Casing extends above ground N/A inches
(4) Grout:
Grout type: Cement Bentonite x
Other (specify) bentonite from 1.5 to 0.5 feet bas
Grouted surface and grout depth (reference to land surface): N/A
around closed loop piping; from to (feet).
around well casing; from to (feet).
(5) Screens: N/A
Depth: From to feet below ground surface.
(6) N.C. State Regulations (Title 15A NCAC 2C .0200) require the permittee to
make provisions for monitoring wellhead processes. A faucet on both influent
(recovered groundwater) and effluent (fluid being injected into the well) lines is
generally required. N/A
Will there be a faucet on the influent line? yes_ no
Will there be a faucet on the effluent line? yes no
(7) SOURCE WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION (if different from
injection well). Attach a copy of Form GW-1 (Well Construction Record). If
Form GW-1 is not available, provide the data in part G of this application form to
the best of your knowledge.
8 of 12

Ryland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
NOTE: THE WELL DRILLING CONTRACTOR CAN SUPPLY THE DATA FOR EITHER
EXISTING OR PROPOSED WELLS IF THIS INFORMATION IS UNAVAILABLE
BY OTHER MEANS.
K. OTHER WELL DATA
Provide a tabulation of data on all wells within 1/4 mile of the injection well(s), excepting
water supply wells serving a single-family residence, which penetrate the proposed
injection zone. Such data shall include a description of each well's type, depth, record of
abandonment or completion, and additional information the Director may require.
Four ground -water monitoring wells and one ground -water recovery well are located on
the site within 'A mile of the proposed injection wells/borings. Well construction records
for wells MW-02 and MW-03 (only well construction records available), a monitoring
well location map, and a table summarizing monitoring well construction details have
been included in Appendix A. The on -site recovery well, RW-01, is not an active
pumping well.
Two private water supply wells have been identified within 1/4 mile of the proposed
injection wells. Altamont Environmental, Inc. identified a water supply well located on
the subject property during a receptor survey conducted in May 2002. The water supply
well has been disconnected and no longer serves the on -site structure. According to Lisa
Stephens, a representative of the current property owner, the exact location of the well
was not known. However, MACTEC's field activities at the site indicated that the well is
located approximately 100 feet to the southeast of the proposed injection grid. A water
supply well is also located approximately 300 feet east of the injection wells at the
adjacent property, Mr. Power Mini Storage. Ms. Stephens stated that water from the
supply well on the Mr. Power Mini Storage property is used exclusively for a commercial
car wash located on the property. Additional information about the supply wells is not
available.
L. PROPOSED OPERATING DATA
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Injection rate: Average (daily) gallons per minute (gpm)
Injection volume: Average (daily) 260 gallons of slurry per day-(gpd) for single
event (45 injection points)
Injection pressure: Average (daily) <50 pounds/square inch (psi)
Injection temperature: Average (January) 36° F, Average (July) 74° F
Hydraulic capacity of the well: N/A
Expected lifetime of the injection facility: 2 ycars days
Give a description of how the above data will be measured and controlled: The
ORCT^t slurry will be injected directly into the subsurface using a pump and hose
system attached directly to the direct push boring equipment. Injection pressure
will be monitored and regulated during installation of the slurry.
M. INJECTION -RELATED EQUIPMENT
Attach a diagram showing the detailed plans and specifications of the surface and
subsurface construction details of the system.
9 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
See Figure 5.
N. LOCATION OF WELL(S)
Attach a scaled, site -specific map(s) showing the location(s) of the following:
(1) the proposed injection well(s); Figure 3
(2) all property boundaries; Figure 6
(3) contour intervals not exceeding two feet; Figure 4 and Table 1
(4) the direction and distance from the injection well or well system to two nearby,
permanent reference points (such as roads, streams, and highway intersections);
Figure 3 — reference to Skyland Distributing building and Weston Road
(5) all buildings within the property boundary; Figure 6.
(6) any other existing or abandoned wells, including water supply and monitoring
wells, within the area of review of the injection well or wells system; Figure 4.
(7) potentiometric surface showing direction of groundwater movement; Figure 4.
(8) the horizontal and vertical extent of the contaminant plume (including
isoconcentration lines and plume cross sections); Volatile organic compounds
have been detected at concentrations that exceed NCAC 2L Standards in
monitoring well MW-1 and recovery well RW-01, which extend to depths of 14
feet and 10 feet bgs, respectively. A BTEX (sum of benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene, and total xylene concentrations) iso-concentration contour map is
presented in Figure 7.
(9) any existing sources of potential or known groundwater contamination, including
waste storage, treatment or disposal systems within the area of review of the
injection well or well system; See locations of contaminated sidewall soil
samples NS2 and ES1 in Figure 2.
(10) all surface water bodies within 1000 feet of the injection well or well system.
(Figure 1)
O. INJECTION FLUID DATA
(1) Fluid source, if underground, from what depth, formation and type of
rock/sediment unit will the fluid be drawn (e.g., granite, limestone, sand, etc.).
Depth:
Formation:
Rock/sediment unit:
(2) Provide the chemical, physical, biological and radiological characteristics of the fluid
to be injected.
ORCTM is an environmentally -safe product marketed for remedial applications by
Regenesis. ORCT"" is a formulation of magnesium peroxide (MgO2) that is
intercalated with food grade phosphate ions to facilitate oxygen release into the
saturated zone at a controlled rate. The product has been shown to promote aerobic
biological degradation of petroleum compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, and
ethylbenzene under pilot- and full-scale conditions. The volume of ORCT"' to be
injected into the subsurface is based upon the hydraulic properties of the aquifer, the
10 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
dissolved contaminant concentration, and the extent of the contaminant plume.
Additional information can be obtained from Regenesis' website
www.regenesis.com.
P. PERMIT LIST
Q.
Attach a list of all permits or construction approvals that are related to the site, including
but not limited to:
(1) Hazardous Waste Management program permits under RCRA
(2) NC Division of Water Quality Non -Discharge permits
(3) Sewage Treatment and Disposal Permits
(4) Other environmental permits required by state or federal law.
CERTIFICATION
"I hereby certify, under penalty of law, that I have personally examined and am familiar
with the information submitted in this document and all attachments thereto and that,
based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining said
information, I believe that the information is true, accurate and complete. I am aware that
there are significant penalties, including the possibility of fines and imprisonment, for
submitting false information. I agree to construct, operate, maintain, repair, and if
applicable, abandon the injection well and all related appurtenances in accordance with
the approved specifications and conditions of the Permit."
(Signature of Well Owner or Authorized Agent)
If authorized agent is acting on behalf of the well owner,
please supply a letter signed by the owner
authorizing the above agent.
R. CONSENT OF PROPERTY OWNER (Owner means any person who holds the fee or
other property rights in the well being constructed. A well is real property and its
construction on land rests ownership in the landowner in the absence of contrary
agreement in writing.)
If the property is owned by someone other than the applicant, the property owner hereby
consents to allow the applicant to construct each injection well as outlined in this
application and that it shall be the responsibility of the applicant to ensure that the
injection well(s) conforms to the Well Construction Standards (Title 15A NCAC 2C
.0200)
(Signature Of Property Owner If Different From Applicant)
11 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project No. 6590-03-1252
Please return two copies of the completed Application package to:
UIC Program
Groundwater Section
North Carolina DENR-DWQ
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
Telephone [phone]
12 of 12

Skyland Distributing Facility — 51 Permit Application February 6, 2004
MACTEC Project 6590-03-1252
APPENDIX A
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

I'
1
1
I
1
1
1
7
1.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
TABLE
MONITORING
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
ARDEN, NORTH
MACTEC PROJECT
1
WELL DATA
FACILITY
CAROLINA
6590-03-1317
Monitoring
I oration
Top of Casing
Elevation (feet)
Screened Interval
(feet from TOC)
Total Depth
(feet from TOC)
Depth to
Water (feet)
Ground -Water
Elevation (feet)
MW-01
97.27
4 14
14
2.97
94.30
. , ,, ,YaJT+-i-, _
i...R' en ifi h T,. ,)
-.cc a 2 n ox, .et. ib':i
1 e £” Am..s.„4pdd k;a .d�4
e a .Xe d..n.Y3 , c, ,ev,"
MW-02
94.20
3 13
13
2.06
92.14
K: r.. iS0.i1"MT..s�'-
v• • - •t a!d
�. '. Z"#
'Y vt,^*'yYwe...}. Gn?w N.
.._ Nt..451:Zufu i46r.GF fin
.aktWZ.,neSti4fot.x...,teiYd
MW-03
92.42
3-13
13
4.20
88.22
til:Cu. $". - - r,._
1)) ' .. , r.
''n`'"35,,Y4 fitt,`fvll
'.^. t 4a * <.
RW-01
96.48
3 - 10
10
3.11 '
93.37
a ,.c...:. ..... ...
';,ex _,,,.„i, ,,i-
c :r,ii-w ,..:, 3g:
,c t*-T'.o-.;.r . esexu.
OMW-1
97.06
unknown
unknown
NM
-
1
:. Ka .,wc. - !, i. ,
Y _,, ..-7t3C X-.".,
e V_ Pf N1 Y'.4s$sne
,.ea krT,c FV4Y4<dY3
Notes:
Monitoring well construction and elevation information was obtained
ReportSkyland Distributing Facility", dated June 5, 2003, prepared by
NM = Not Measured
Water levels were measured on November 3, 2003.
Relative benchmark of 100.00' set at concrete monument at northeastern
Prepared by: SR LC Ii3tto9
Checked by: MeN) VI51PM
from "Groundwater Monitoring
Altamont Environmental,
Inc.
Altamont Environmental, Inc.).
comer of property (by
7

253638
WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
North Carolina - Department of Environmental and Natural Resources -Division of Water Quality Groundwater Section
WELL CONTRACTOR (INDIVIDUAL) NAME (print) DANNY SUMMERS
WELL CONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME
STATE WELL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT#
(if applicable)
GEOLOGIC EXPLORATION, INC.
ASSOCIATED WQ PERMIT#
(ifapPlicible)
:CERTIFICATION# 2579
PHONE # [phone]
1. WELL USE (Check Applicable Box): Residential ❑
Monitoring ® Recovery Heat Pump Water Injection 0
2. WELL LOCATION:
Nearest Town: ARDEN County BUNCOMBE
14 BARBEQUE LANE
Municipal/Public 0 Industrials ❑ • Agricultural 0
Other❑ If Other, list Use
(Sheet Name, Mabel; Cavonvaity, Subdivision. Lot No., Zip Code)
3. OWNER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
Address 14BARBEQUE LANE
ARDEN
(Street or Route No.)
NC 28704
City or Town State Zio Code
( )
Mee Code -Phone Number
4. DATE DRILLED 5-15-02
5. TOTAL DEPTH 13.0 FEET
6. DOES WELL REPLACE EXISTING WELL? YES ❑ NO IZ
7. STATIC WATER LEVEL Below Top ofCasing FT.
(Use "1-" if Above Top of Casing)
8. TOP OF CASING IS o.o FT. Above land Surface'
°Top of casing terminated atlor below land surface requires a
variance inaccotdmee wild 15ANCAC 2C.0118.
9. YIELD (gpm): NIA METHOD OF TEST N/A
10. WATER ZONES (depth): N/A
11. DISINFECTION: Type N/A Amount
12. CASING:
Depth
From 0.0 To
To
To
Depth
To
To
Depth
From
From
13.'Grout:
Foam 0.0
From
14. SCREEN:
Wall Thickness
Diameter or Weight/Ft.
3.0 Ft 2INCH SCH40
Ft.
Ft.
Material
PVC
Material Method
1.0 It Portland Bentonite Shiny
FL
Diameter Slot Size Material
From 3.0 To 13.0 Ft. 2.0 in. .010 in PVC
From To
15. SAND/GRAVEL PACK
Depth
From 10 To 13.0
From To
16. REMARKS:
Ft. in. in
Size Material
FL 20-40 FINE SILICA SAND
Ft.
DEPTH
From ` To
0.0 5.0
Topographic/Land setting
0 Ridge 0 Slope ❑ Valley ® Flat
(dleck appropriate box)
Latitude/longitude of well location
(degrees/armus&seconds)
Latitude/longitude source:❑ GPS ❑ Topographicmap
(check box)
DRILLING LOG
Formation Description
TAN SILTY CLAY
5.0 13.0 GREY SILT
• 0
C-". _ 0
-Z cc7
1�<
Ql _ tr-.
LOCATION SKETCH
Show direction and, distancein miles from at 1eSID
two State Roads or County Roads, inculed the rpm
numbers and common road names.
MW-2 BENTON= SEAL FROM 1.0 TO 2.0 FEET
>o
I DO HEARBY CERTIFY THAT THIS WELL WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH 15A NCAC 2C, WELL
CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS, AND THAT A COPY OF THIS RECO 7 HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO THE WELL OWNER
E C E 1h_s:9�
11'ATURE OF PERSON CONSTRUCTING THE WELL .DATE
Submitrtpe opgpalto the Divisi
2769944360h0e NLq j219) 7,
GROUNDWATER SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
ater Quality, Groundwater Section, 1636 Mail Service Center -Raleigh, NC
,.within 30 days. GW-1 REV. 07/2001 '

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORD
253640
North Carolina - Department of Environmental and Natural Resources - Division of Water Quality Groundwater Section
WELL CONTRACTOR (INDIVIDUAL) NAME (print) DANNY SUMMERS CERTIFICATION# 2579
WELL CONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME GEOLOGIC EXPLORATION. INC. PHONE # [phone]
STATE WELL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT# ASSOCIATED WQ PERMIT#
(if applicable) (if applicable)
1. WELL USE (Check Applicable Box): Residential ❑
Monitoring ® . Recovery ❑ Heat Pump Water Injection ❑
2. WELL LOCATION:
Nearest Town: ARDEN _ County BUNCOMBE
14BARBEQUE LANE
Mtmidpal/Public ❑ Industrial ,❑- ' Agricultural 0
Other❑ If Other, list Use
(Street Name, Numbers. Community, Subdivision, Lot No, Zip Code)
3. OWNER S1CYLIND DISTRIBUTING
Address 14BARBEQUE LANE
ARDEN
(Street or Route No.)
NC 28704
City or room State Zio Code
( )
Area Cada - Phone Number
4. DATE DRILLED 5.15.02
5. TOTAL DEPTH: 13.0 FEEL'
' 6. DOES WELL REPLACE EXISTING WELL? YES ❑ NO El
7. STATIC WATER LEVEL Below Top of Casing: FT.
(Use -1-" if Above Top of Casing)
. 8. TOP OF CASING IS o.o FT. Above Land Surface*
*Top ofusing terminated at/or below land surface requires a
variance in accordance with 15A NCAC 2C .0118.
9. YIELD (Rim): N/A METHOD OF TEST N/A
10. WATER ZONES (depth): N/A •
IL DISINFECTION: Type N/A Amount
12. CASING:
Depth
From 0.0 To
From To Ft.
From To Ft.
13. Grout: Depth
From 0.0 To
From To
Wall Thickness
Diameter - or Weight/Ft. Material
3.0 Ft 2INCH SCH40 PVC,
Material Method
1.0 Ft. Portland Bentonite Slurry
Ft
14. SCREEN: Depth Diameter Slot Size Material
From 3.0 To 13.0 Ft. 2.0 in. .010 in PVC
From To Ft. in. - in
15. SAND/GRAVEL PACK
Depth
From 2.0 To 13.0 FL
From To FL
16. REMARKS: MW-3
Size Material
20-40 FINE SILICA SAND
From
0.0
Topographic/Land setting
❑ Ridge ❑ Slope ❑ Valley ® Flat
(dtedc appropriate box)
Latitude/longitude of well location
(dcgees/m®teshemndc)
LatIIoddlongitude source. ❑.GPS ❑ Topographic map
(check box)
DEPTH DRILLING LOG
To Formation Description
5.0 TAN SILTY CLAY
5.0 13.0 GREY SILT
z
N, a
4 L^
• Ol
fir^
LOCATION SKETCH
cp
Show direction and distance in miles Boca at least
two State Roads or County Roads, iiiculed the rbd
numbers and common road names.
BENTONI E SEAL FROM 1.0 TO 2.0 FEET
---I
m�
I DO HEARBY CERTIFY THAT THIS WELL WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH 15A NCAC 2C, WELL
. CONSTRUCTION ARDS, ANlTHAT A QOPY OF THIS RECORD HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO THE WELL OWNER
CHUM
Submit the original to the Di
23699-166 6 ]hone No.. (91
GROUNDWATER SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
GNATURE OF PERSON CONSTRUCTING THE WELL DATE
op -Water Quality, Groundwater Section, 1636 Mail Service Caner- Raleigh, NC
"33 r21, within 30 days.
GW-1 REV. 07/2001

APPENDIX B
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY CALCULATIONS

11
IIR
I
1
I
I
I
MACTEC
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting
1308-C Patton Avenue
Asheville, NC 28806
JOB NO. G.jcio-03-131.3- SHEET I OF_1
PHASE 1 TASK 0 (
JOB NAME S 46,1OkY-eML.Tliul,q
BY -S i2.'; DATE I1234 cc'
CHECKED BY L)-d`w
DATE Z!'d
1
ALtivanla
P_a
L
! I
„Ai
:... 1 I,
1 1
M Wl (.1- ( -fv
1 I ,
19461 ...._ 21
1 i
i
i
j•r— lIe
L
33 _•
._
i � 1
o f ..:.........if-eyam
KI - a t/°`l. ! 91x,-0,
i i
i1 --
i
2
I
k 6,03 1;fZ/
I
t
1
I
•
• 1
1
; 1_._
l(
•
1 1--t
s

Sd2IRJLd
3 XIQAiaddV

SKYLAND, N.C. QUADRANGLE
35082-D5-TE-024
OMA 4454 1 NE -SERIES V842
PRINTED 1965
PHOTOREVISED 1991
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
GRAPHIC SCALE FEET
1000 500
0
1000
2000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
NOTE: SITE LOCATION IS APPROXIMATE.
TOPOGRAPHIC SITE MAP
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
ASHEVILLE. NORTH CAROLINA
DRAWN: £E2Y
DATE: JAN. 2004
DFT CHECK: N4Q-
SCALE: 1" = 1,000'
ENG CHECK: -
JOB: 6590-03-1317
APPROVAL: v'J 3ti
FIG: 1

FORMERR,,,SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
!AMA -MSG AND WAREHOUSE
LEGEND
® EXCAVATION AREA (5' — 6' BGS)
— FENCE
NS2 — 3' BGS
J
0
r;
WESTON ROAD
NS2 — 3' BGS
(1,000/260).
—
FORMER AST
CONTAINMENT AREA
LASPHALT7
EXCAVA110N AREA
SIDE —WALL SOIL SAMPLE — DEPTH BELOW GROUND SURFACE
(TPH—DRO/TPH—GRO CONCENTRATIONS IN PPM)
SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON 2/13/02 20 0 0 20
REFERENCE: SITE ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIAL AC110N REPORT,
DATED JUNE 11, 2002, BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
EST — 4' BGS
(5,200/3,600)
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
BY�AS E
•MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
APPROXIMATE SCALE DI FEET
MAIN EXCAVATION AREA
AND FORMER AST SYSTEM LOCATION
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
D (7F, 2
( CRECKEDQV J DATE I4lucl IC
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317 IRGURE 2

•
•
WESTON ROAD
• • • • •
(2(31 feet east)
•
BLDG.
GRAVEL
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
EXCAVATION AREA
•
•
•
• •
• •
•
• •
• I •
• I
• 1
L
•
• •
LEGEND
---EXCAVATION AREA
FENCE
INFILTRATION GALLERY PIPING (PERFORATED)
INFILTRATION GALLERY PIPING (SOLID)
-• PROPOSED ORC INJECTION POINT
INFILTRATION GALLERY LAYOUT BASED UPON
SITE ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIAL ACTION REPORT,
DATED JUNE 11, 2002, BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
• •
•
•
10 5 D 10
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN PENT
%MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
INJECTION POINT LAYOUT
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH: CAROIJNA
PREPA
BY. at.
DATE /2.3 (0 9
CHECKED
DATE •2'tool
JOB NO. 659D-63-1317 I FIGURE 3

a
eMW-03
88.22)
o
m o
WESTON ROAD.
1 ®MW-02 (92.14) I '1 o
cv
10
GENERALIZED HYDRUUC
GRADIENT
FORMER SKYLAND. DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
0
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
WAREHOUSE
LEGEND
®OMW-01
0MW-01 MONITORING WELL
(94.30) (GROUND —WATER ELEVATION IN FEET)
ORW-01 RECOVERY WELL
ra0MW-01 OLD MONITORING WELL
—93.0— GENERALIZED GROUND —WATER
ELEVATION CONTOUR
(CONTOUR ELEVATION IN FEET)
GROUND —WATER ELEVATIONS MEASURED ON NOVEMBER 3, 2004.
re
c�
CONCRETE MOMUMENT
I 100—FT ASSUMED ELEVATION
AI la
LO
®RW01 v- MtN—Ot
m (94.30)
(93.37)
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
40 20 0 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET
MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
MONITORING WELL LOCATION
AND GROUND —WATER CONTOUR MAP
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
SYEP R-k
OAIE1?3(oi
CHECKED 1'",&
DATE 2I4
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
4

LOW-PRESSURE INJECTION
OF ORCThSLURRY
ASPHALT PATCH
OPEN -HOLE r BENTONITE 2.0'
DIRECT -PUSH BORING
ORCW
SLURRY
1.75'
9.5'
11'
INJECTION POINT DIAGRAM
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILTY
14 WESTON ROAD
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
II
MACENGINEERING AND TECG, INC.
DRAWN: S (Z K
DATE: JAN. 2004
DFT CHECK: t c\)
SCALE: NOT TO SCALE
ENG CHECK: •
-
.PROJ.: 6590-03-1317
APPROVAL: tikTO
FIG:
5
REFERENCE CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN, DATED DECEMBER 16, 2003

WESTON ROAD
FORMER-SKYLAND. DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
RAILROAD
APPROXIMATE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
EXPLANATION •
FENCE
MR. POWER MINI STORAGE
60 30 0 60
APPROXIMATE SCA7.F IN FEET
MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING, INC.
SUBJECT SITE' PROPERTY BOUNDARY
SKYLAND' DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
PREPARED
BY
DATE
I /n(o`1
CHECKED\*.,I eC
DATE lig `EN
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
6

BMW-03
(ND)
WESTON.ROAD
e M W-02
(ND)
FORMER .SKYLAND .DISTRIBUTING
MAIN BUILDING AND WAREHOUSE
FORMER SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING
WAREHOUSE
eOMW-01
SAO
BMW— 01
TRW-01C(1 40) (642)
we'
J
0
LEGEND
MW-01 MONITORING WELL
(642) (BTEX GROUND —WATER CONCENTRATION IN ug/L)
e RW-01 RECOVERY WELL
®0MW-01 OLD MONITORING WELL
—100 — BTEX ISO —CONCENTRATION CONTOUR WITH CONCENTRATION IN ug/L
BTEX CONCENTRATIONS BASED ON CONCENTRATIONS OF BENZENE,
ETHYLBENZENE, TOLUENE, AND TOTAL XYLENES DETECTED IN SAMPLES
COLLECTED BY ALTAMONT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON APRIL 16, 2003.
w
40 20 0 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET
MACTEC
ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING. INC.
BTEX CONCENTRATION IN GROUND WATER
SKYLAND DISTRIBUTING FACILITY
ARDEN, NORTH CAROLINA
BYFP)Rk�
BY 4
DATE
I/2310 H
CHECKED IN\e
DATE 21N
JOB NO.
6590-03-1317
FIGURE
7

DMSION OF WATER QUALITY
GROUNDWATER SECTION
April 22, 2004
MEMORANDUM
To: Landon Davidson, Regional Groundwater Supervisor
From:
Asheville Regional Office
Mike Ranck
Central Office
Re: Issuance of injection well permit type 5I (in -situ groundwater remediation well)
Permit Number WI0100018 is for the injection of an ORCTM slurry to remediate dissolved
petroleum compounds at this site. These injection wells will be located at 14 Weston Road,
Arden, North Carolina, Buncombe County. Please retain the application paper work and
permit copy for the A.RO-UIC files. The UIC group appreciates the ARO's inspection and
review tasks concerning this permit application. If you have any questions regarding this
permit or the UIC program, please contact me a [phone] or Evan Kane at [phone].
cc: CO-UIC Files
Enclosures

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P. E. Director
Division of Water Quality
Coleen H. Sullins, Deputy Director
uality
April 22, 2004
Mr. Frank Sinkwich
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
500 Dairy Pak Road
Athens, GA 30607
Dear Mr. Sinkwich:
In accordance with your application received on March 4, 2004, we are forwarding Permit No.
WI0100018 for the construction and operation of Type 5I injection wells at 14 Weston Road,
Arden, North Carolina.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until May 1, 2008, and shall be subject to the
conditions and limitations stated therein, including the requirement to submit a final project
evaluation as stated in PART VII—MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. You
will also need to notify this office by telephone 48 hours prior to initiation of injection at this facility.
In order to continue uninterrupted legal use of this injectant for the stated purpose, you should
submit an application to renew the permit three months prior to its expiration date.
If you have any questions regarding your permit please contact me at [phone] or Evan
Kane at [phone].
Sincerely,
ph„.4ite
J. Michael Ranck
Hydrogeologi st
Permits and Compliance Unit
cc: Stuart Knoop, L.G., MACTEC
CO-UIC file
ARO-UIC file
Enclosures
N. C. Division of Water Quality / Groundwater Section
1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1636
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Internet: http://gw.ehnr.state.nc.us
Customer Service
1-877-623-6748

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
PERMIT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF WELLS FOR INJECTION
In accordance with the provisions of Article 7, Chapter 87; Article 21, Chapter 143, and
other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Skyland Distributing Company, Inc.
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF TYPE 5I INJECTION WELLS, defined
in Title 15A North Carolina Administrative Code 2C .0209(e)(3)(C), for use to inject Oxygen
Release CompoundTM for enhanced biodegradation of dissolved petroleum compounds. These
injection wells will be located at 14 Weston Road, Arden, North Carolina, and will be operated
in accordance with the application submitted March 4, 2004 and in conformity with the
specifications and supporting data submitted, all of which are filed with the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources and are considered a part of this permit.
This permit is for Construction and Operation only, and does not waive any provisions of the
Water Use Act or any other applicable Laws, Rules, or Regulations. Operation and use of an
injection well shall be in compliance with Title 15A North Carolina Administrative Code 2C
.0100 and .0200, and any other Laws, Rules, and Regulations pertaining to well construction and
use.
This permit shall be effective, unless revoked, from the date of its issuance until May 1, 2008,
and shall be subject to the specified conditions and limitations set forth in Parts I through X
hereof.
A1�
Permit issued this the 9a day of , 2004.
3.
fr` Ted L. Bush, Jr., Assistant Chief
Groundwater Section
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission.
Permit No. WI0100018 PAGE 1 OF 6
ver.3/04 GW/UIC-6

PART I - WELL CONSTRUCTION GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. The Permittee must comply with all conditions of this permit and with the standards and
criteria specified in Criteria and Standards Applicable to Injection Wells (15A NCAC 2C
.0200). Any noncompliance with conditions of this permit constitutes a violation of the
North Carolina Well Construction Act and is grounds for enforcement action as provided for
in N.C.G.S. 87-94.
2. This permit shall become voidable unless the facility is constructed in accordance with the
conditions of this permit, the approved plans and specifications, and other supporting data.
3. This permit is valid only for construction of the number of injection wells described in the
application and other supporting data. Construction of additional injection wells must be
approved in advance by the Groundwater Section.
4. Each injection well shall not hydraulically connect separate aquifers.
5. Each injection well shall be constructed in such a manner that water from land surface cannot
migrate into the gravel pack or well screen.
6. Each injection well shall be secured to reasonably insure against unauthorized access and use.
Each well shall be permanently labeled with a warning that it is for injection purposes and the
entrance to each well must be secured with a locking cap.
7. Each injection well shall be afforded reasonable protection against damage during
construction and use.
8. Each injection well shall have permanently affixed an identification plate.
9. A completed Well Construction Record (Form GW-1) must be submitted for each injection
well to DENR-Division of Water Quality, Groundwater Section — UIC Program, 1636 Mail
Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1636, within 30 days of completion of well construction.
PART II - WELL CONSTRUCTION SPECIAL CONDITIONS
1. At least. forty-eight (48) hours prior to constructing each injection well, the Permittee shall
notify the Groundwater Section -Underground Injection Control (UIC) Central Office staff,
telephone number [phone] and the Asheville Regional Office Groundwater Section
Staff, telephone number [phone].
PART III - OPERATION AND USE GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature, volume of materials, rate of injection,
and number of injection wells as described in the application and other supporting data.
Permit No. WI0100018 PAGE 2 OF 6
ver.3104 GW/UIC-6

2. This permit is not transferable without prior notice to, and approval by, the Director of the
Division of Water Quality (Director). In the event there is a desire for the facility to change
ownership, or there is a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit amendment request
must be submitted to the Director, including any supporting materials as may be appropriate,
at least 30 days prior to the date of the change.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility of complying
with any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other
local, state, and federal agencies which have jurisdiction. Furthermore, the issuance of this
permit does not imply that all regulatory requirements have been met.
PART IV - PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The injection facility shall be effectively maintained and operated at all times so that there is
no contamination of groundwater which will render it unsatisfactory for normal use. In the
event that the facility fails to perform satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance
conditions or failure of the injection zone to adequately assimilate the injected fluid, the
Permittee shall take immediate corrective actions including those actions that may be
required by the Division of Water Quality such as the repair, modification, or abandonment
of the injection facility.
2. The Permittee shall be required to comply with the terms and conditions of this permit even if
compliance requires a reduction or elimination of the permitted activity.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface or groundwater resulting from the operation of this facility.•
PART V - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The injection facility shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. The Permittee must notify the Division and receive prior written approval from the Director
of any planned physical alterations or additions in the permitted facility or activity not
specifically authorized by the permit.
3. At least forty-eight (48) hours prior to the initiation of the operation of the facility for
injection, the Permittee must notify by telephone the Groundwater Section -Underground
Injection Control (UIC), Central Office staff, telephone number [phone]. Notification
is required so that Division staff can inspect or otherwise review the injection facility and
determine if it is in compliance with permit conditions.
PART VI - INSPECTIONS
1. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Water Quality
may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises, or place on
or related to the injection facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining
Permit No. WI0100018 PAGE 3 OF 6
ver.3/04 GW/UIC-6

compliance with this permit, may inspect or copy any records that must be maintained under"
the terms and conditions of this permit, and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface
water, or injection fluids.
2. Department representatives shall have reasonable access for purposes of inspection,
observation, and sampling associated with injection and any related facilities as provided for
in N.C.G.S. 87-90.
3. Provisions shall be made for collecting any necessary and appropriate samples associated
with the injection facility activities.
PART VII - MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. The proposed monitor plan included in the application shall be followed. All sample results
shall be submitted to the Groundwater Section's Asheville Regional Office and the Raleigh
Central Office. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, or soil sampling)
deemed necessary by the Division of Water Quality to insure surface and ground water
protection, will be established and an acceptable sampling reporting schedule shall be
followed.
2. The Permittee shall produce a final project evaluation within 9 months after completing all
injection -related activity associated with the permit application. This document shall assess
the injection projects findings in a written summary. The final project evaluation shall also
contain monitoring well sampling data, contaminant plume maps and potentiometric surface
maps.
3. The final project evaluation shall be submitted to the Underground Injection Control
Program, Groundwater Section, NC DENR-Division of Water Quality, 1636 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1636 and to the Groundwater Section, Asheville Regional Office,
2090 U.S. Highway 70, Swannanoa, NC 28778.
4. The Permittee shall report by telephone, within 48 hours of the occurrence or first knowledge
of the occurrence, to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number [phone], any
of the following:
(A)Any occurrence at the injection facility which results in any unusual operating
circumstances;
(B) Any failure due to known or unknown reasons, that renders the facility incapable of
proper injection operations, such as mechanical or electrical failures.
5. Where the Permittee becomes aware of an omission of any relevant facts in a permit
application, or of any incorrect information submitted in said application or in any report to
the Director, the relevant and correct facts or information shall be promptly submitted to the
Director by the Permittee.
6. In the event that the permitted facility fails to perform satisfactorily, the Permittee shall take
such immediate action as may be required by the Director.
Permit No. WI0100018 i PAGE 4 OF 6
ver.3/04 GW/UIC-6

PART VIII - PERMIT RENEWAL
The Permittee shall, at least three (3) months prior to the expiration of this permit,
request an extension.
PART IX - CHANGE OF WELL STATUS
1. The Permittee shall provide written notification within 15 days of any change of status of an
injection well. Such a change would include the discontinued use of a well for injection. If a
well is taken completely out of service temporarily, the Permittee must install a sanitary seal.
If a well is not to be used for any purpose that well must be permanently abandoned
according to 15A NCAC 2C .0113, Well Construction Standards.
2. When operations have ceased at the facility and a well will no longer be used for any
purpose, the Permittee shall abandon that injection well in accordance with the procedures
specified in 15A NCAC 2C .0113(b), including but not limited to the following:
(A)All casing and screen materials may be removed prior to initiation of abandonment
procedures if such removal will not cause or contribute to contamination of the
groundwaters.
(B) The entire depth of each well shall be sounded before it is sealed to insure freedom
from obstructions that may interfere with sealing operations.
(C) The well shall be thoroughly disinfected, prior to sealing, if the Director determines
that failure to do so could lead to the contamination of an underground source of
drinking water.
(D) Drilled wells shall be completely filled with cement grout, or bentonite grout which
shall be introduced into the well through a pipe which extends to the bottom of the
well and is raised as the well is filled.
(E) In the case of gravel -packed wells in which the casing and screens have not been
removed, neat -cement, or bentonite grout shall be injected into the well completely
filling it from the bottom of the casing to the top.
(F) In those cases when, as a result of the injection operations, a subsurface cavity has
been created, each well shall be abandoned in such a manner that will prevent the
movement of fluids into or between underground sources of drinking water and in
accordance with the terms and conditions of the permit.
(G)The Permittee shall submit a Well Abandonment Record (Form GW-30) as specified
in 15A NCAC 2C .0213(h)(1) within 30 days of completion of abandonment.
Permit No. WI0100018 PAGE 5 OF 6
ver.3/04 GW/UIC-6

- - 3. The written documentation required in Part IX (1) and (2) (G) shall be submitted to:
Groundwater Section-UIC Staff
DENR-Division of Water Quality
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
PART X — WORKER PRECAUTIONS DURING APPLICATION
1. Exposure can cause irritation of skin, eyes, nose, and throat.
2. Contents within the product proposed for use may ignite combustibles (wood, paper and oil).
In addition, contents within the product react violently with reducing agents, hydrocarbons
such as fuels, and strong acids which can lead to a fire hazard.
3. If the products are released into the environment in a way that could result in a suspension of
fine solid or liquid particles (e.g., grinding, blending, vigorous shaking or mixing), then it is
imperative that proper personal protective equipment be used. The application process
should be reviewed by an industrial hygienist to ensure that the most appropriate personal
protective equipment is used.
4. Persons working with these products should wear goggles or a face shield, gloves, and
protective clothing. Face and body protection should be used for anticipated splashes or.
sprays.
5. Eating, drinking, smoking, handling contact lenses, and applying cosmetics should not be
permitted in the application area during or immediately following application.
6. Safety controls should be in place to ensure that the check valve and the pressure delivery
systems are working properly.
7. The Material Safety Data Sheets should be followed to prevent incompatible or adverse
reactions and injuries.
8. Access to the area of application should be limited to the workers applying the product. In
order to minimize exposure to unprotected individuals, measure should be taken to prevent
access to the area of application.
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Permit No. WI0100018 PAGE 6 OF 6
ver.3/04 GW/UIC-6