20140335 Ver 1_RFP Techncial Proposal_20140404

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PART 5: TECHNICAL APPROACH
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APR 4 2014
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This technical proposal describes the Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site located
approximately 1.5 miles north of Elon and Gibsonville in western Alamance County (Figures 1 and 2,
Appendix A). This project is located immediately north of Travis & Tickle Site 3.1 (Figure 3, Appendix
A) identified in the Little Alamance, Travis, & Tickle Creek Watersheds Restoration Plan (PTCOG
2008). The Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site ")
encompasses approximately 15 acres of agricultural land used for livestock grazing, hay production, and
timber harvest. Within the Site, existing streams have been cleared, trampled by livestock, eroded
vertically and laterally, and receive extensive sediment and nutrient inputs from livestock and timber
harvest activities. Stream impacts in Travis Creek have also occurred due to a breached dam that
impounds water during storm events. In addition, streamside wetlands have been drained by channel
incision, soil compaction, the loss of forest vegetation, and land uses.
5.1 Project Goals and Objectives
Based on the Cape Fear River Basin Restoration
Priorities Report 2009 (NCEEP 2009) and the Little
Alamance, Travis, & Tickle Creek Watersheds Restoration
Plan (PTCOG 2008), Targeted Local Watershed
03030002030010 is not meeting its designated use of
supporting aquatic life. Agricultural land use appears to
be the main source of stress in the Hydrologic Unit, as
well as land clearing and poor riparian management. This
project will meet overall goals of the Local Watershed
Plan including 1) reduce sediment loading, 2) reduce
nutrient loading, 3) manage stormwater runoff, 4) reduce
toxic inputs, 5) proved & improve instream habitat, 6)
provide & improve terrestrial habitat, 7) improve stream stability, and 8) improve hydrologic function
(see Table 1).
Site activities include the restoration and enhancement of perennial and intermittent stream channels and
restoration of riparian wetlands. Priority I restoration of intermittent channels at the Site is imperative to
providing significant functional uplift to Site hydrology, water quality, and habitat, in addition to
restoring adjacent streamside, riparian wetlands. The following table summarizes the project
goals /objectives and proposed functional uplift based on proposed Site restoration activities and
observations of two reference areas located in southern Alamance County.
Table 1. Project Goals and Objectives
Project Goal/Objective I How Goal/Objective will be Accomplished
Im rove Hydrology
Restore Floodplain Access
Building a new channel at the historic floodplain elevation
restoring overbank flows
Restore Wooded Riparian Buffer
Planting a woody riparian buffer
Improve Microtopography
Scarifying soils to reduce compaction and hoof shear due to
cattle
Restore Stream Stability
Building a new channel, planting a woody riparian buffer,
and removing cattle
Increase Sediment Transport
Improve Stream Geomorphology
Increase Surface Storage and Retention
Building a new channel at the historic floodplain elevation
restoring overbank flows, removing cattle, scarifying
compacted soils, and planting woody vegetation
Restoring Appropriate Inundation/Duration
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 17
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

' - '" 0
1Iiicrease'Sub'surface Storage *and Retention
Raising the.'siream bed elevation
i� t
� i l� ♦ _
4
�
Planting a native, woody riparian buffer
Reduce Stressors and Sources,of Pollution
' - '" 0
1Iiicrease'Sub'surface Storage *and Retention
Raising the.'siream bed elevation
Im rove Water Qtiality
Increase Upland Pollutant Filtration
Planting a native, woody riparian buffer
Increase Thermore ulation
Planting a native, woody riparian buffer
Reduce Stressors and Sources,of Pollution
Removmg,cattle
Increase Removal and Retention of Pathogens,
Raising the stream bed elevation restoring overbank flows,
Particulates (Sediments),iDissolved Materials
planting with woody vegetation, removing, cattle, increasing ,
surface storage and retention, and.restoring appropriate
(Nutnerits), and Toxins-from the Water Column
inundation/duration
Increased Energy Dissipation of Overbank/Overland
Raising the stream bed elevation restoring overbank flows
Flows /Stormwater Runoff
and plantilig with woody vegetation
Restore Habitat
Restore In- stream Habitat
Building astable channel with a cobble /gravel bediand
planting a :voody riparian buffer
Restore Stream -side Habitat
Planting a woody riparian buffer
Improve Vegetation Com osition and "Structure
Note Unnamed tributaries 3'and - -4 have ponds located immediately upstream trom the Site boundaries which attenuate
flood flows during normal storm events -Although channel dunension will be restored; tributaries 3 and 4 may.not be
subject -to overbank flooding upon completion of the project Success criteria will not include overbank flooding-for these'
reaches
Restoration and protection of aquatic resources with a conservation easement kill ,result in net- gains in .
hydrology, water quality, and habitat 'functions at the Site "`A Summary mmary of mitigation activities includes
the following-
• Providing a minimum of 3610 SMUs, as calculated in accordance with the requirements
stipulated in RFP #16- 005568
o Restoring approximately 2155 linear feet of perennial stream channel through construction of
stable stream channels in the historic floodplainrlocation and elevation
o Restoring approximately 31'0 linear feet of intermittent channel through construction of a
stable channel at the historic floodplai_n elevation ,m order to restore downstream perennial
channels at historic, floodplain elevations,and rehydrate adjacent hydnc soils thereby restoring
junsdictional•npanan wetlands
o Enhancing (Level I) approximately 850 linear feet of ,stream channel by eliminating tight
meander bends along two reaches,of Travis Creek and, removing a breached dam at the outfall
of Travis Creek -
o Enhancing (Level II) approximately 1445, linear feet of Travis Creek by ceasing current land
use practices, removing invasive species, and planting with native forest vegetation
• Providing a minimum of 1 4 riparian WMUs, as calculated in accordance with the requirements
stipulated in RFP #16- 005568
o Restoring 14 acres of riparian wetland by raising stream channels to historic elevations and
rehydrating floodplain soils
• Removing, cattle from the Site and fencing�the entire conservation easement
• Revegetating wetland's, fl'oodplains, and slopes adjacent to restored streams
• Protecting the, Site in perpetuity with a conservation `easement
5.2 Project Description
The Site includes approximately 15 acres of land situated along Travis Creek and four unnamed
tributaries to Travis Creek Site streams have been cleared of woody vegetation, are buffered by livestock
pasture and cleared land, and are severely impacted by, hoof shear, erosion, incision, impoundment � by a
breached dam, and sediment and pollutant inputs associated with livestock waste and
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 18
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

stormwater /overland runoff Stream banks are trampled resulting in poor stream morphology,
characteristic bed substrate has been removed and is embedded by silt and sand, and channel incision has
drained adjacent streamside hydric soils
In its current state, the Site'mcludes 4758 linear feet-of degraded stream channel, 07 acres of degraded
wetlands, and 19 acres of drained hydric soil Degraded wetlands are proposed to be functionally
repaired, however, no credit is expected to be generated as per the guidelines outlined in RFP 16- 0055,68
and associated addendums
Physiography and Land Use
The Site is located in the Southern Outer Piedmont portion of the Piedmont Ecoregion of North Carolina
within United States Geological Survey (USGS) Cataloging `Unit 03030002 (North Carolina Division of
Water Resources [NCDWR] subbasin number 03- 06 -02) of the Cape Fear River Basin Regional
physiography is characterized by dissected irregular plains, some low rounded hills and ridges; low to
moderate gradient streams with, mostly cobble, gravel, =and sandy substrates (Griffith et al 2002) Onsite
elevations range from a high oF630 feet National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) at the upper reaches
of UT to,a low'of'approximately`600, feet NGVD at the Site outfall (USGS Ossipee, North Carolina 7.5`
minute topographic quadrangle) (F,igure 3, Appendix Ay,, _
The primary hydrologic features of "the Site consistof Travis Creek-and four unnamed tributaries,to Travis .
Creek The Site provides water quality function to a 4.7- square mile watershed at the Site outfall,,-with
smaller, onsite drainage areas- consisting of 0'04 to 0 2 square mile (Figure 3, Appendix A) The Site
drainage area is primarily composed of - agricultural pasture, with sparse residential areas along state
maintained roads, and forest land in the upper_ headwaters Immediately west of the Site fs a large tract
associated with Guilford County open space (Figure 2; Appendix A) In addition, immediately south and
abutting the Site is a property identified in the Little Alamance, Travis, & Tickle Creek Watersheds
Restoration Plan (PTCOG 2008) as a target property for wetland restoration and streambank
enhancement /conservation
Water•Ouality
The Site ,is located within the Cape Fear River Basin in-14-digit USGS Cataloging, Unit and Targeted
Local Watershed 03030002030010 of the South Atlantic /ulf-R'egion (NCDWR subbasin number 03-06 -
02) (Figure 2, Appendix A) Topographic.,features of the Site include Travis Creek, which has been
assigned Stream Index Number 16 =12 and a Best Usage Classification of C, NSW (NCDWR 2013)
Streams with a designation of C are protected for uses, such a§ aquatic life propagation and survival,
- fishing, wildlife, secondary recreation, and agriculture Secondary recreation includes wading, boating,
and other uses not involving human body contact with waters on an organized or, frequent basis The
_ designation NSW (Nutrient Sensitive Waters) includes areas with water quality problems associated with
excessive plant growth resulting from nutrient enrichment
The North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources ( NCDENR) has assembled a list
of impaired waterbodies according to the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) and 40 CFR 130 7, which is a
comprehensive public accounting of all impaired waterbodies An impaired waterbody is one that does
not meet water quality standards including designated uses, numeric and narrative criteria, and anti -
degradation requirements defined in 40 CFR 131 Travis Creek is listed on the NCDENR 2012 303(d)
list for ecological/,biological integrity (NCDENR,2013)
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland MRigahon'Srte page, 19
Teckmcal Pioposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

Soils and, Land Form
Soils that occur within the Site, according to the Web Soil Survey (USDA 204 3) are depicted in Figure 4
(Appendix A) and are described in Table 2
Table,2'. Web Soil Survev Soils Mapped within the Site -
'Soil'Series
_
Hydric
Status
Description
The,Cecil series con "sists of very deep, well - drained, moderately
Cecil fine sandy loam
permeable soils on ridges and side slopes•of the Piedmont uplands
(CbC2)
Nonhydric
They formed in residuum weathered from felsic, igneousvand high -
grade•metamorphic rocks of the Piedmont uplands Slopes range
- from 0 to 25 percent
Helena clay loam (HaC3)
This series consists of moderately well - drained soils m ndges and
and
Nonhydnc
i
hill slopes from toe,slope to summits, and heads of drains They
Helenwcoarse sandy loam
formed in residuum from granite and gneiss cut by dykes,of gabbro
(HbB2)
and diorite Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent
This soil series con"ists�ofpoorly- drained s6ils4ound on,bottoms
Mixed Alluvial Land
Hydric
and along streams -This.soil,senes,is,,denved from material
(Mc)
.deposited by streams carried from uplands This land is generally
= - characterized by a high-water table
Severely Gullied Land
This series consists of rruxed soils-that have been severely eroded
(Sa)
Nonhydnc
In some instances all horizons have been removed exposing
bedrock or parent material
-
This series consists of poorly drained soils found on 2-6-percent
Wofshain sandy loam
Hydric
slopes and in low wet depressions They are derived from colluvial
(Wd)
and alluvial materials primarily of the slate belt These soils are
widespread throughout the coup
A portion of the Site was mapped by a North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist ( NCLSS) in October 2013
_ Areas mapped include 2 6 acres hydnc soil in the Worsham Series (Figure 4, Appendix A) Onsite hydric -
soils_are grey- to gley in color and are compacted and pockmarked by livestock trampling and timber
harvest activities Livestock grazing, annual mowing for harvest of hay, and clearing of timber have
- resulted in an herbaceous vegetative community Groundwater springs and surface runoff contribute
hydrology to 'these areas, although the dominant hydrological influence is the lateral draw -down of the
Water table adjacent to incised stream channels A detailed soil profile conducted by a NCLSS includes
the following, the location is depicted on Figure 4 (Appendix A) .
- - , Soil Profde
O.to 3 inches, (IOYR 4/2) silt loam
3 to.5 niches, (IOYR 5/4) sandy clay loam,
faint br=own (10YR 4/2) mottles, extensive rhizospheres
- 5 -to 9 inches, (10YR 5/2) sandy clay loam,- common
medium brownish to red (IOYR 4/4) mottles
9 to 18 inches, (IOYR 5/2) clay,
common medium brownish to red (IOYR 4/4) mottles
18 + inches, (10YR 5/1) clay,
few distinct low chroma (10YR 5/3) mottles,
Aycock,Spnngs Streani and Wetland Mrtigatidn Site
Techmcal'Proposal (RFP # °16- 005568)
page 20

Preliminary ,groundwater modeling has been conducted in order to quantify Impacts to the groundwater
table from stream incision
Groundwater Model
For this study, the �Bousslnesq equation was utilized to predict groundwater Impacts associated with -
,stream channel Incision -The Boussinesq equation was applied to Site stream channels to predict the:
linear distance of groundwater drawdown that, exceeds 1 foot for 12 5- percent of the growing. season
Results' from the Boussinesq equation predicted lateral effects for Incised stream reaches in the'rangeI of
130 to 206'feei Results_ of the Boussinesq equation are summarized in Table 3 Model predictions along
with field evaluations indicate that the incised stream channels impact approximately 1 3 acres of the
Site's- hydric soils through groundwater table drawdown Figure 4 (Appendix A) depicts , hydr>_c soils
drained as they result of_. lateral drawdown, effects of incised streams versus hydric� soils that ,arekmot
drained, - - - - - -
Table 3. Results for Boussinesq Eauation -
-
Soil
''-
-Depth (ft) -
Depth -to
Aquaclude
cm
(cm/hr)
Growing
Season
hrs
Drainable
Porosity'
cm
'
Impaet=(ff-
»-
2
----178
15
552
6606--
- 130
Worsham
3
178
15
552
0-606
177
4
178
1 5
552
0 006
1 =98
- , . 5:
178.
1 5
552
0 006 -
206_
Protected Species
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed Endangered, and
Proposed Threatened are-protected`under provisions of Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act of
1973, as amended
Based on the most recently updated county -by- county database of federally listed species -in North
Carolina as - posted - by the United • States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) at,
http / /www fws gov /southeast /es /county %201ists htm,- -no federally protected species are listed for -
Alamance County -
Cultural Resources'
The term "cultural resources" refers to prehistonc or histonc archaeological sites, structures, or artifact
deposits over 50 years old "Significant" cultural resources are those that are eligible or potentially
eligible for Inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places Evaluations of site significance are
made with reference to the eligibility cntena, of the National Register (36 CFR 60) and in consultation
with the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO)
Field visits were conducted In October 2013 to ascertain -the presence of structures or features that'may be
eligible for the National Register of Historic Places No structures are located within the proposed
easement, however, coordination with the SHPO will occur prior to construction activities to determine if
any significant cultural resources are present
FEMA
Inspection of the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map 3710884600K, effective June 18, 2007, Indicates that
Travis Creek is located within a Zone AE flood area In addition, Site unnamed tributaries are located
within a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) Therefore, a HEC -RAS analysis will be completed on the
existing and proposed conditions of Travis Creek and its four unnamed tributaries to assess hydraulic
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 21
Techmcal.Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

performance As per NC Floodplam Mapping requirements, a Conditional Letter of Map Revision
( CLOMR) will need to be prepared for the Site
The CLOMR includes wntten documentation of modeling, preparation of topographic work maps„
annotated FIRM or Floodway Maps, FIRM Flood Profiles and Data Tables The , CLOMR will be sent to
Alamance County for approval and signature, and then the CLOMR will be sent to FEMA for'review and
approval The CLOMR approval' process will take 3 =6 months The CLOMR should be prepared,
submitted and approved prior to construction A requirement of the CLOMR is to prepare and submit a
Letter of Map Revision (LOMR) once construction i-s'complete
5.2.1 Stream Characterization
Stream ,geometry and substrate data - have -been, evaluated -to orient stream restoration based on a ;
classification ,utilizing fluvial geomorphic pri-nciples (Rosgen 1996) This classification stratifies streams
into comparable groups based on pattern, dimension,, profile, and substrate- characteristics Primary
components of the classification include degree- of entrenchment, width -depth ratio, sinuosity, and -
channel slope _
Site streams have been impacted, by sediment and nutrient inputs,. channel incision, livestock trampling,
removal of cobble substrate and aggradation of -silt- and sand; and• removal of woody vegetation
- Currently channels targeted for restoration -are characterizedlas entrenched and%or incised G- and F -type
channel's with no sinuosity ( -1 0), little to no nffle -pool morphology, oversized channel. cross- sectional .
- areas, and no access to Site flood - lain's during overbank events (bank - height ratio exceeding 2 0)
Measures to restore suitable channel size (cross - sectional area) within the lowest point of the floodplain
will be targeted for this project Restoration measures will restore riffle and pool complexes, water
surface profiles, sinuosity, overall' stream lengths,' pool -to -pool spacing, arid' meander wavelengths, into
suitable ranges_ for,this region , , A
Hydrolo6 _
This hydrophysiographic region is characterized by moderate rainfall _with precipitation averaging
- approximately 40 -50 inches per year (USDA 1960) Drainage basin sizes_ range from 0 04 square mile for
the UT3 to 4.7 square,miles for Travis Creek at the Site outfall _
Site discharge is dominated by a combination of upstream basin catchment, groundwater flow, and
precipitation Based on regional curves (Harman et al 1999), the bankfull discharge for a 4 7- square mile
watershed is expected to average 272 cubic feet per second and occur approximately, every 1 3 to 1 5
years (Rosgen 1996, Leopold 1994) _
Proposed Stream Geometry _
Site streams have been characterized based on fluvial geomorphic principles (Rosgen, 1996) Table 4
provides a summary of measured stream geometry attributes under existing, conditions (considered to be
unstable) and a preliminary estimate of potentially stable, stream attributes Preliminary estimates of
stable stream attributes are based pnmanly upon data observations along, the existing reaches,
measurements of two cross - sections within the Site, and two cross- sections measured in reference reaches
in Alamance County (Figure 4, Appendix A)
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site pa.-e,22
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

Table 4. Stream Geometry and Classification
Attribute
Unnamed ibutary 1
Unnamed Tributary 2
XS 1 (UT 4)
Existing
XS 1 (UT 4)
Proposed
XS 2 (UT 1)
Existing
XS 2,(UT 1)
Proposed
-DA
019
019
011
011
Abkf
24
23
1 7
1 6
AeX1s1,o
1.5
2.3
21
- 1.6
Wb-kf
44
45
5'5
3 5
Ebkf__
06'
05
03
05
DM-l.
09
07
04,
07
- WbkdDbkf -
8
9
17.5
7.5 _
FPA _
7
55
7
35
_ENT-
1.6
12
1.3
-- 7.5
LBH -,
1 8
0 7
2 9
0 7
_ BHR ,
2.0
1.0
7.3
1.0
.SIN=
13
13
1.0
1.3__- _
Stream,T - e
G--Type _
E-Type
F -T a
-E-
DA Drainage basm•area (square miles)
f
Abkt , Bank ill cross - sectional area, (iiffle) (square feet)
Ae,,,,,. Existing cross - sectional area (riffle) (square feet)
Wbkf - Bankfull width (nffle)*(feei)
Dbkf Nverage bankfull depth (raffle) (feet) _ • Y
D,,,,x, Maximum bankfull depth (nffle) (feet),
FPA F,loodpronvarea,(feet)
ENT Entrenchment ratio (FPA/Wbk0,.
LBH Low bank height (distance,from
thalweg,to the top of low bank) (feet)
BHR Bank height ratio [low bank heighi/Dm. (riffle)] -
Wb „ Belt width (feet)
- 5.2:2- Wetlands
Jun sdictional wetlands are defined by the presence of three criteria hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils,
and evidence of wetland hydrology during the growing season (Environmental 'Laboratory - 1987,) . The
Site suppdrts, land historically characienzed by palustrine, forested broad - leaved deciduous wetlands that
are saturated or seasonally flooded- (PFOI E) However, onsite wetland areas have been impacted by
groundwater draw -down from, incised channels, land clearing, and livestock Hydric soils depicted on,
Figure 4 (Appendix A) are effectively drained by extensive manipulations associated, with land use and
are suitable for restoration activities
Restoration efforts should focus on elevating groundwater tables by restoring streams at historic,
floodplain elevation and plantmg� with, native forest'vegetation These measures will restore 14 acres, of
jurisdictional,riparian wetland within ,the Site.,(Figure 5_4ppendix A) 'Mitigation efforts should allow the
'Site to perform wetland functions such as flood suppression, nutrient cycling,,,, pollutant removal, and
provision of native species An additional 0 7 acre of degraded jurisdictional wetlands are proposed to be
enhanced, however, no credit:is expected to,be generated as per the guidelines outlined in RFP 16- 005568
and associated addendums
5.2.3 Site,Design and Implementation Constraints
The presence of conditions or characteristics that have the potential to hinder restoration activities on the
Site was evaluated The evaluation focused priimarily on the presence of hazardous material's, utilities and
restrictive easements, rare /threatened%endangered species or critical' habitats; and the potential for
hydrologic trespass Existing information regarding Site constraints was acquired and reviewed In
addition, any Site conditions that have the potential to restrict the restoration design and implementation
were documented during the field investigation -
No evidence of natural and/or man -made conditions was identified that has the. potential to impede
proposed restoration activities
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation,Site page 23
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

5.3 Project,Development
Primary activities designed to restore Site streams include 1) stream restoration, 2) stream enhancement
(Level I and Level 11),, 3) wetland restoration, and 4) vegetation planting (Figure 5, Appendix A) The
restoration concept outlined in Figure 5 is expected to restore 2465 linear feet of stream, enhance (Level
I) 850 linear feet:of ,,stream, enhance (Level II) 1445 linear feet of stream; and.restore 14 acres of riparian,
wetland -
- -5.3.1 Stream Restoration -
-Stream restoration is expected to entail 1) belt -width preparation,- ,2)-,channel rexcavation, 3) .spoil
'stockpiling, 4) channel stabilization, 5) channel diversion, and 6) channel backfill
Belt -width corridor preparation will entail channel staking, floodplam clearing - aR&grubbing, and any
necessary grading prior to channel excavation After the floodplam ha"s'been- prepped, the proposed
- __- design channel will be staked and /or clearly marked to the design parameters = Spoil material excavated
during floodplam grading will be stockpiled adjacent to the existing channels
Once belt -width corridor -preparation is complete, the proposed channel will be excavated to the average
width, depth,. and cross - sectional area derived from reference reach studies and detailed measurements -of _
-the onsite, reach - Stream banks and the belt -width area of constructed -channel-§- will, be- immediately, _
-planted with shrub and herbaceous vegetation Root,mats may also be selectively 'emoved -,from,adjacent.
areas and placed as erosion control features on, channel, banks.
Once the proposed ,design channel has been excavated and stabilized, abandondd channels- wlll_'be-
'backfilled, util izing "spoil material stockpiled' from channel excavation and/or from, suitable material,
excavated from the Site or adjacent to the Site Abandoned channels will be backfilled to,the maximum =
extent feasible =
In- stream Structures _
The use of in- stream structures for _grade control and habitat are essential for successful stream
restoration In- stream structures may be placed in the channel to elevate local water.surface profiles in
the channel,-potentially flattening the water energy slope or gradient The structures would likely consist
of log /rock cross -vanes or log /rock -hook vanes designed primarily to direct stream.,energy into-the .
center of the channel and away from banks In addition, the structures would be,placed.in relatively,
straight reaches to provide secondary (perpendicular) flow cells during bankfull events =r
Piped Channel. Crossings=
Landowner constraints, will, necessitate the installation of piped channel crossings within breaks in the
easement to allow access Ito portions of the property isolated by stream restoration -activities (Figure 5,
Appendix A ) The crossings may -be constructed of properly sized pipes and hydraulically stable rip -rap -
or suitable rock- Crossings will- be large enough to handle the weight of anticipated vehicular. traffic
Approach grades to-the crossing will be at an approximate 101 slope ,and constructed of hard, scour -
resistant crushed rock or other permeable material, which isifree of fines
Outfall Structures
Drop structures are proposed at the confluence of Site tnbutanes with Travis Creek The drop structures,
will be constructed out of Terracell depending upon anticipated scour from the restored stream channels
The structure should be constructed to resist erosive forces associated with hydraulic drops proposed at
the Site TerraCell is a light weight, flexible 'mat made of high density polyethylene strips The. strips are
bonded together to form a honeycomb configuration The honeycomb mat is fixed in place and filled
with gravel or sand Material in the TerraCell ,structure may be planted with grasses and ,shrubs for
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mrtigation•Srte page -24
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

additional erosion protection The TerraCell structure will form a mckpomt that approximates geologic
controls 'in stream beds
5.3.2 Stream Enhancement (Level I)
Stream Enhancement (Level I) will entail stabilizing two outer bends of Travis Creek and removal of a
breached dam that does not effectively pass storm flows (Figure 5, Appendik' A) _
Outer Bend Stabilization - -
Two eroding outer bends will be stabilized .along Travis Creek by ,excavating new channel across the
point bar, backfillmg the outer bend to appropriate ,dimensions, and installing log vanes ,to divert flows
towards the center of the, channel and away -from the-banks The log vanes should stabilize the immediate
stream banks and provide in- stream_ habitat - within Travis Creek -
Dam Removal and Enhancement (Level I) of Channel r-
A breached dam is located at the downstream extent -of Travis Creek The dam breach is approximately
10 feet inwidth and'does not pass flood flows without,tiacking water into the upstream channel Removal
of thiss dam will restore normal stream hydrodynamics within .the reach A minimum 25 -foot notch will
be made in the dam to match-downstream floodplam elevations - Sediments will be removed as necessary _
and stream banks will, be stabilize&with erosion control_rriattmg,and planted with woody vegetation
= 5:3.3 . Stream.Enh-ancement (Level II)'
- Stream Enhancement Level-41 will. occur along_Travis Creek (Figu're.5; 4 end>x A)' Enhancement is
expected to include the removal of invasive species, ptedominantly*Chinese_ p_ rivet, fencing, and planting
with native hardwood vegetation
5.3.4 Wetland, Restoration
Restoration 'of wetland hydrology and wetland, soil attributes will involve 1) restoration of 'stream
channels at the historic floodplam elevation and 2) reforestation These activities will' restore 1, 4 acres of
riparian wetland at the Site
- Reestablishment of Historic Groundwater Elevations
Hydric soils adjacent to existing stream channels have been drained due to compaction of soil surfaces by
agricultural land uses, removal of surface roughness,. lowering of _groundwater tables due to channel
incision, and a lateral drainage effect Backfilling of incised stream channels, reducing _soil compaction,
and planting with native woody vegetation is expected to rehydrate soils within the Site, resulting in the
: - restoration of jurisdictional hydrology to riparian wetland's
5.3.5 Vegetation Planting
Deep- rooted, woody riparian vegetation will be restored or supplementally planted within the entire Site
_ - Planting vegetation on cleared stream banks is proposed to reestablish vegetation community patterns
within the stream corridor, associated wetlands and floodplains, and transition areas Revegetating the
floodplam and stream banks will provide stream bank stability, shade and cool surface waters, filter
pollutants from adjacent stormwater and agricultural runoff, and provide habitat for area wildlife The
Vegetated stream buffer will extend to a minimum of 50 feet on both sides of the stream
Variations in vegetative planting may occur based on topographic locations and hydraulic conditions of
the soil Vegetative species composition should mimic reference forest data and onsite observations
Species expected for this project may include the following elements.
Aycock,Spnngs'Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 25
Techmcal'Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

Pied'mont Alluvial Forest
1
Sycamore,(Platanus occidentahs)
2
American elm (Ulmus amencana)
3
Hackber y (Celtis laevigata)
4
Green a -sh (Fraxinus pennsylvamca)
_ 5
Shagbark hickory (Ca?ya ovata)
6
Willow oak (Quercus phellos)
,7
Schumard oak (Quercus schumardii)
- -' - 8
River birch (Betula nigra)
9
Silky - dogwood (Corpus amomunt)
10
Pawpaw (Asimtna triloba)
Dry -Mesic Oak - Hickory Forest
_ 1
White oak (Quercus alba)
-2
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra)
" 3
Pignut hickory (Carva glabra)
4
Mockernut hickory (Carya alba/tomentosa)
_
5
Black,gum (Nvssa sylvatica var sylvatica)
6'
% Flowering, dogwood (CornusJlonda)
-•_ .. - - _ _ :_, '7
;= Eastefn red cedar (Jwuperus virginiana)
• 8'
Persimmon (Diospyros virgtmana) -
9
-Ironwood (Carpmus. carohntana).
Stream -Side Assemblage
1
- Black willow (Salix nigra)
2
Tag,alder (Alnus serrulata)
3
Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis)
Stream -side trees and shrubs include species with high value for sediment stabilization, rapid growth rate,
and the ability to withstand hydraulic forces associated with bankfull flow and overhank flood events -
Stream -side trees and shrubs will be planted within 15 feet of the channel throughout the meander' belt- -
width. Shrub- elements will be planted along the reconstructed stream_ banks, concentrated `along outer
bend's ' Piedmont Alluvial Forest is the target community for Site floodplains -and Dry- Mesia Oak"
Hickory Forest is the'target community for,upland side- slopes
Bare -root seedlings of species within the Piedmont Alluvial and Dry-Mesic Oak - Hickory Forests will-be`'
planted at a density of'approximately 680 stems per'acre on 8 -foot centers Shrub species in the stream-
-side assemblage will be planted at a density of 2720 stems per acre on 4 -foot centers -
5.3.6 Fence
The entire easement area will be fenced with five- strand barbed wire fence as per specifications outlined
-at http / /protO ncdenr org/web /eep /fd- forms- templates _
5.3.7 Nuisance Species Management
Scattered Chinese privet and multiflora rose, located within wooded areas along Travis Creek, will be
controlled as part of this project Beaver, privet, and other potential nuisance species will be monitored
over the course of the 7 -year monitoring period Appropriate actions to ameliorate any negative impacts
regarding vegetation development and/or water management will occur on an as- needed basis
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 26
Teciuucal Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

5.4 Proposed Mitigation
Mitigation options outlined in this report are designed to provide 3610 SMUs and 1.4 riparian WMUs,
as calculated in accordance with the,requirements stipulated in RFP #16- 005568 (Table 5)
Table 5- Prnnnsed Miticratinn iinitc
Stream Mitigation Type
Perennial Stream
(linear feet)
Intermittent Stream
(linear feet)
Ratio
Stream
Mitigation
Units
Restoration
2155
310
1 1
2465
Enhancement (Level 1)
850
--
1 5 1
567
Enhancement (Level II
1445
--
25 1
578
Totals
4450
310
3610
Wetland Mitigation Type _ _ _
'
_ Acreage
Ratio
Riparian Wetland '
Mitigation Units
Riparian Restoration =
-
1 4
1 1
1.4
Riparian Enhancement - -
=
0 7
--
Totals
2.1
1.4
5.5 Current Ownership -
Restoration- Systems currently holds an-agreement to- purchase the approximate 15 -acre Site, which has-
been recorded at the- - Alamance County -Register "of Deeds,(Appendix C) Full documents are available ° -
- upon -request Upon approval of the contract, Restoration Systems will - execute the contract and
subsequently place a conservation ,easement over the subject parcels, such easement will be held by the
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement - Program (NCEEP) Restoration Systems will remain
responsible for project implementation and achievement of success criteria-
Current property ownership and parcel information is as follows
Property Legal Description
Alamance County, North Carolina_ - -
Owner
Parcel ID Number
Deed Book
Deed Page
Oakley Gary M Sr & Pam B
170380
2832
0522
Oakley Gary M Sr & Pam B
1.10136
1632 -
729
Oakley Gary M Sr & Pam B
1101,89
2468
268
Oakley Gary M Sr & Pam B
110190, 110223 " '
935
328
Aycock{Spnngs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 27
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

5.6 Project Phasing
A tentative phasing schedule for the proposed project'is presented below based on an executed contract at
Week 0 -
Weeksfrom
Task
Description
Contract Execution
Task 1
Environmental Screening (CE Document) Initiated
5
Task 2-
Submit Recorded Conservation Easement
20
Task 3
Mitigation Plan
43
EEP Approval
49
FEMA Coordination
61
` -Task 4
Permitting
65
Implement Restoration
-' `-81*
_ -•Task 5
Site Planting
- •-84*
Install Monitoring Equipment
-89*
Task 6 -
Baseline Monitoring'Document
89 *_ _
= Task 7 -
Submit Year 1 Monitoring Report
Dec after implementation
Task 8 :.- -
Submit Year 2 Monitoring Report
Dec - 2yrs after,implementation
- Task 9 _
Submit Year 3 Monitoring Report
Dec,.- 3yrs after implementation
-,
_Task 16 -
_
Submit Year 4 Monitormg Report
Dec - 4yrs after implementation, _ r
Task I 1
Submit Year,5 Monitoring'keport
'Dec - 5yrs after implementation
Task '1'2
Submit Year 6 Monitoring Report
Dec - 6yrs after implementatibti
Task 13
Submit Year 7 Monitoring Report
Dec - 7yrs after implementation
*" -Time frame is'dependent upon seasonal conditions at completion of
Site implementation
5.7 Success Criteria -
Monitoring requirements and success criteria outlined in the latest guidance, by NCEEP dated November
7, 2011 (Monitoring Requirements and Reporting Standards for Stream and /or Wetland Mitigation). will
be followed and are briefly outlined below Monitoring data collected at the Site should'mclude,reference
photos, plant survival analysis, channel stability analysis, and biological data if specifically required by - - _
permit conditions
Wetland hydrology is proposed to be monitored for a period of seven years '(years 1 -7) - Riparian
vegetation and stream morphology is proposed to be monitored for a period of seven.-years with
measurements completed in years 1 -3, year 5, and year 7 If monitoring demonstrates the-,Site is._ .
successful by year 5 and'no concerns have been identified, Restoration Systems may propose to terminate
momtonng,at the. Site and forego monitoring requiiements,for years 6 and 7 Early closure well only be - ;
provided through written approval from the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)_ in
consultation, with the Interagency Review Team Monitoring well be conducted ; by Axiom- -
Environmental,,lnc Annual monitoring reports well be submitted to the NCEEP by Restoration Systems
no later'than,December,31 of each monitoring year = '
5.7.1 Stream Monitoring _
Annual monitoring well include development of channel cross - sections and substrate on riffles and pools
Data to be presented in graphic and tabular format will include 1) cross - sectional area, 2) bankfill width,
3) average depth, 4) maximum depth, and 5) width -to -depth ratio Longitudinal profiles well not be
measured routinely unless monitoring demonstrates channel bank or bed instability, in which case,
longitudinal profiles may be required by the USACE along reaches of concern to track changes and
demonstrate stability
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 28
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

Stream Success Criteria
Monitoring and success criteria for stream restoration should relate to protect goals and objectives From
a mitigation perspective, several of the goals and' objectives are assumed to be functionally elevated by
restoration activities without direct measurement Other goals and objectives will be considered
successful upon achieving_vegetation success criteria The following summarizes stream success criteria
related to goals and objectives
Project GoaFOb'ective I Stream Success Criteria
Im rove Hydrology
Attaining Vegetation 4 Success Criteria Section 573
Two overbank events will be documented, in separate years,
Restore Floodplain- Access
during the,monitoring period
Restore Wooded Rt artan- Buffer
Attaining Vegetation Success Cntena, Section 5 7 3
Improve Microtopography - "- -
Removal of cattle,and scarification of soils during
separate monitoring years, and attaining Vegetation Success
construction
Restore.Stream Stability i _
Cross- sections, ,monitored annually„ will be compared to as-
built- measurements to determine channel stability and
Documentation- of two overbank events in separate
Improve Stream Geomorphology
maintenance of channel geornorphology
Increase. Surface Storage and Retention
Removal of cattle, scarification of soils during construction,
documentation.of two overbank events m- separate -
- - - - '
Restoring Appropriate Inundatiofi/Duration =`
monitoring years, and attaining Vegetation Success Criteria
- -
Section 5 7 3
Increase Subsurface Storage and Retention
Two overbank- events will be documented,, iii separate years,
Criteria Section 5 7.3
during the monitoring period
-
Pebble - counts- documentmg coarsening of bed material from
Increase Sediment Transport
re- exi'stin conditions "
Im rov Water,.Quilfty
Increase U 'land Pollutant Filtration
Attaining Vegetation 4 Success Criteria Section 573
Increase Thermore ulation
Attamm •,Ve etation Success Criteria Section 5 73)
Reduce Stressors and,Sources,of Pollution
Removal of cattle -
Increase Removal and Retention of Pathogens,
Removal of cattle', documentation of two overbank events in
Particulates (Sediments), Dissolved Materials
separate monitoring years, and attaining Vegetation Success
Nutrients), and Toxins from the Water Column..
Criteria Section 5 7 3
Increased Energy Dissipation of Overbank/Overland
Documentation- of two overbank events in separate
Flows /Stormwater Runoff
monitoring years, and attaining Vegetation Success Criteria
-
Sectiof 5 -7 3)-
Res-fore
Habitat -
Pebble counts documenting coarsening -of bed material from
Restore In- stream Habitat
pre - existing conditions and attaining Vegetation Success
Criteria Section 5 7.3
Restore Stream -side Habitat
Attaining Vegetation, Success Criteria (Section 5 7-3)
Improve Vegetation Composition and Structure
Note Unnamed tributaries 3 and 4 have ponds located immediately - upstream-'trom the Site boundaries which attenuate
flood flows during normal storm events Although channel `dimension will be restored, tributaries 3' and 4 may not be
subject to overbank flooding upon completion of the project Success criteria will not mcludevoverbank flooding for these
reaches
Visual assessment of in- stream structures will be conducted to determine if failure has occurred Failure
of structure-may be indicated by collapse of the structure, undermining of the structure, abandonment of
the channel around the structure, and/or stream flow beneath the structure In addition, visual assessments
of the entire channel will be conducted in each of the seven years of monitoring as outlined in NCEEP
Monitoring Requirements and Reporting Standards for Stream and /or Wetland Mitigation Areas of
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 29
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)
i

concern will be depicted on a plan view figure identifying the location of concern along with a written
assessment and photograph of the,area
5.7.2 Hydrology Monitoring
Groundwater monitoring gauges will be installed to take measurements after hydrological modifications
are performed at the Site Hydrological sampling will continue throughout the growing season at
intervals ,necessary to satisfy turisdictional,hydrology success cntena (USEPA 15990) In addition, an on-
site rain gauge will document rainfall data for comparison of groundwater conditions with extended
drought conditions and floodplain crest gauges will be installed to confirm,overbank flooding events
Hydrology Success Criteria = _
Monitonng and success cntena for wetland restoration should relate to project goals and - objectives
From a mitigation perspective, several of the goals and objectives are assumed to be functionally elevated
'by restoration activities without, direct measurement Other goals and objectives wdl be_considered
successful-upon achieving vegetation,success criteria The following summarizes'wetland•sdccess criteria
related to goals and objectives
Project Goal %Objective-- Wetland Success Criteria
Im rove Hydrology
Restore Wooded,Ri arian Buffer -
Attamin Ve etation Success Criteria Section 5 7_3)_
Improve Microtopography _ " =
Removal of cattle and scarification of soils during,-
-
construction
Increase Surface Storage and-Retention -
Removal of cattle, scanfication of soils ,during construction,
documentation of two overbank events - in separate
monitoring years, attaining Vegetation Success Criteria
Restoring Appropriate Inundation/Duration
(Section 5 7 3), and documentation of an elevated
Increase Subsurface Storage and Retention
groundwater table (within 12 inches of the soil surface) for
greater than 10 percent of the.growmg seasbn-during average
-
climatic conditions -
Iin rove Water Quality
Increase Upland Pollutant Filtration
Attaining Vegetation Success Criteria Section 5 7 3)
Reduce Stressors'and Sources of Pollution
Removal of cattle - _
Increase Removal' and Retention`of Pathogens,
Removal of cattle, documentation of two overbank'events in
Particulates (Sediments), Dissolved Ivlatenals
separate monitoring years, and attaming'Vegetation Success
(Nutrients), and Toxms from the WateiColumn
Cntena, Section 5 7 3 -
Documentation of two overbank events in separate'
Increased Energy Dissipation of�Overbank/Overland
-
monitoring years, and attaining Vegetation Success Criteria
Flows /Stormwater Runoff -
Section 5 7 3 -
Restore
Habitat
Restore, Stream-side 'Habrtat
Attaining Vegetation Success Criteria (Section 5'7 3)
Improve Vegetation Composition and Structure
5.7.3 Vegetation Monitoring
After planting has been completed-in winter or early spnng, an initial evaluation will be performed to
verify planting methods and to determine initial species, composition and`density Supplemental planting - -
and additional Site modifications will be implemented, if necessary
Dunng quantitative vegetation sampling, sample,plots (10 -meter by 10- meter) will be iistalled within the _
Site as per guidelines established in CVS -EEP Protocol for Recording Vegetation, Version 4 2 (Lee et al
2008) In each sample plot, vegetation parameters to be monitored include species composition and
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 30
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

species density Visual ;observations of the percent cover of shrub ;and herbaceous species will also be
documented' by photograph
Vegetation Success Cntena
An average density of 320 planted stems per acre must be surviving in the first. three monitoring years
Subsequently, 290 planted stems per-acre must be surviving in year 4, 260 planted stems per -acre in year
5, and 210 planted,stems per acre in year 7 In addition, planted vegetation must average -1'0 feet m,height
in each plot at year 7 since this Site is located in the Piedmont. Volunteer stems may be considered on a
case -by -case basis in determining overall vegetation success, however, volunteer stems should be counted
separately from planted stems
5.8 - -Summary
The Site- encompasses approximately 15 acres of land used for cattle grazing and timber production
Within the Site, existing streams have been cleared, dredged of cobble substrate, trampled by livestock,
eroded vertically and laterally, and receive extensive sediment and nutrient inputs from livestock and
timber harvest In - addition, 14 acres of streamside hydric soils have been drained by channel -
downcutting,and -land uses - Mitigation options outhned,m this report are designed to provide 3610'SMUs
and 1.4 riparian- ,WMUs, as, calculated in accordance with the requirements stipulated in RFP #16= - -
005568, Within a 1-5-acre - conservation easement -
Wetland Mitigation Type -
Perennial Stream
Intermittent Stream
Riparian Wetland
- - Mitigation Units.
Stream
Stream Mitigation�Type
-
1.4
Ratio
Mitigation
(linear feet)
(linear feet)
2.1
-
_
Units
Restoration -
2155-
310
11
2465
Enhancement Level
850
--
1 5 1
567
Enhancement Level 1I
1445
--
25 1
578
Totals -
4450
310
3610
Wetland Mitigation Type -
-_ Acreage
Ratio
Riparian Wetland
- - Mitigation Units.
Ri arian Restoration
1 4
1 1
1.4
Riparian Enhancement
0 7
--
Totals
2.1
1.4
Site Aycock Springs Stream and-Wetland,Mitigation Site
Location: Alamance,County,
River Basin, Cape-Fear ` , , - -
USGS Cataloging'Uriit • 03030002 --
NCDWQ Subbasin. 03=06-02 -.
USGS 14- Digit,Cataloging Number 03030002030010
Targeted Local Watershed Yes-, - _
303d Listed Yes
Best Use Classification C, NSW
Drainage Area at,Site Outfall_' 4.7- square miles
Stream Class PerenniaUIntermittent -
Aycock Springs Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site page 31
Technical Proposal (RFP # 16- 005568)

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