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Home My WebLink About20211101 Ver 1_BP2.R005 PCN Supporting Docs_20220202 PCN Supporting Docs Project: BP2.R005.1 Contents: 1. Agent Authorization 2. DWR Pre Filing Meeting Request Form 3. NRTR 4. Historical Arch Report 5. Permit Plans Agent Authorization ROY COOPER GOVERNOR STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION JAMES H. TROGDON, III SECRETARY MEMO TO: Tom Steffens Washington Regulatory Field Office US Army Corps of Engineers FROM: DATE: SUBJECT: Garcy Ward Environmental Specialist NC Division of Water Quality Casey Whitley, PE Division Bridge Program Manager Division 2 Project Development 8/26/2021 BP2.R005 Replacement of Bridge #57 on SR 1391 over Harlowe Canal, Carteret County Stream and Wetland Delineation and Permitting Consultation: Tom and Garcy: I, the current landowner or municipal official, hereby designate and authorize Kisinger Campo & Associates Corp. to act in my behalf as my agent in the processing of permit applications, to furnish upon request supplemental information in support of applications, etc. from this day forward for this specific project. This notification supersedes any previous correspondence concerning the agent for this project. Sincerely, Casey Whitley, PE Bridge Program Manager Mailing Address: NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DIVISION 2 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GROUP 1037 W.H. SMITH BOULEVARD GREENVILLE, NC 27835 Telephone: (252) 439-2812 Customer Service: 1-877-368-4968 1037 W.H. SMITH BOULEVARD GREEN VILLE. NC 27835 DWR Pre Filing Meeting Request Form 7/7/2021 Submission Completed https://edocs.deq.nc.gov/Forms/Form/Submit 1/2 DWR Pre-Filing Meeting Request Form Contact Name * Contact Email Address * Project Owner * Project Name * Project County * Owner Address:* Is this a transportation project?* Type(s) of approval sought from the DWR: Does this project have an existing project ID#?* Do you know the name of the staff member you would like to request a meeting with? Michael Aman mcaman@ncdot.com NCDOT BP2.R005.1 Carteret City Greenville State / Province / Region North Carolina Postal / Zip Code 27835 Country United States Street Address 1037 W.H Smith Blvd Address Line 2 Yes No 401 Water Quality Certification - Regular 401 Water Quality Certification - Express Individual Permit Modification Shoreline Stabilization Yes No 7/7/2021 Submission Completed https://edocs.deq.nc.gov/Forms/Form/Submit 2/2 Please give a brief project description below and include location information.* Please attach the documentation you would like to have the meeting about. Signature * Submittal Date Replacement of Bridge No 150057 over Harlowe Creek on Ball Farm Road (1391). Existing conditions consist of a 2-lane bridge in a rural area. Surrounding land use is mostly agricultural with some single family homes. Impacts to the jurisdictional stream and wetlands will result from construction activities required to remove existing endbents and install the proposed bridge. Permanent impacts will result from the granite rip rap bank stabilization being used to lay back the existing vertical endbents with a proposed 1.5:1 slope up to the proposed endbent caps. Temporary impacts will result from the removal of existing bents and placement of the proposed bank stabilization. BP2.R005.1_Draft_Permit_Plans.pdf 1.95MB BP2.R005_RedlinePlans.pdf 4.63MB BP2.R005.1 DRAFT_NRTR.pdf 6.58MB pdf only By digitally signing below, I certify that I have read and understood that per the Federal Clean Water Act Section 401 Certification Rule the following statements: · This form completes the requirement of the Pre-Filing Meeting Request in the Clean Water Act Section 401 Certification Rule. · I understand by signing this form that I cannot submit my application until 30 calendar days after this pre-filing meeting request. · I also understand that DWR is not required to respond or grant the meeting request. Your project’s thirty-day clock started upon receipt of this application. You will receive notification regarding meeting location and time if a meeting is necessary. You will receive notification when the thirty-day clock has expired, and you can submit an application. 7/7/2021 NRTR NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal Carteret County, North Carolina STIP No. BP2.R005.1 WBS Element No. BP.2.R005.1 THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Division 2 December 2021 Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 1 December 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................2 2.0 Methodology ................................................................................................................2 3.0 Terrestrial Communities ............................................................................................2 4.0 Protected Species .........................................................................................................3 4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species ...................................................................... 3 4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act ............................................................................. 9 4.3 Essential Fish Habitat ......................................................................................................... 9 5.0 Water Resources .......................................................................................................10 6.0 Regulatory Considerations .......................................................................................11 6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. ............................................................................... 11 6.2 Construction Moratoria ................................................................................................... 11 6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules ......................................................................................... 11 6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters .................................................. 12 6.5 Coastal Area Management Areas of Environmental Concern ..................................... 12 6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System .................................................................................... 12 7.0 References ..................................................................................................................13 APPENDICES Appendix A Figures Figure 1. Project Location Map Figure 2. Topographic Map Figure 3. Terrestrial Communities Map Figure 4. Jurisdictional Features Map Appendix B Qualifications of Contributors LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area...............................2 Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species Listed for Carteret County .......................3 Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area ......................10 Table 4. Streams in the Study Area ...............................................................................10 Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area .......................11 Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area.....................11 Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 2 December 2021 1.0 Introduction The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge No. 150057 on State Road (SR) 1391 (Ball Farm Road) over Harlowe Creek (STIP No. BP.2.R005.1) in Carteret County, North Carolina (Appendix A, Figures 1 and 2). The following Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) has been prepared to assist in the preparation of a document for the purposes of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) or the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA). 2.0 Methodology All work was conducted in accordance with the NCDOT Environmental Coordination and Permitting’s (ECAP) Preparing Natural Resources Technical Reports Procedure (NCDOT 2017) and the latest NRTR Template (November 2017). Wetland delineations were performed by the NCDOT Division 2 Environmental Officer. A general field review was conducted on May 18, 2021. Jurisdictional areas identified in the study area have not been verified by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). The principal personnel contributing to the field work and document are provided in Appendix B. 3.0 Terrestrial Communities Three terrestrial communities were identified in the study area. Figure 3 shows the location and extent of these terrestrial communities. Terrestrial community data are presented in the context of total coverage of each type within the study area (Table 1). Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area Community Dominant Species (Scientific name) Coverage (ac.) Maintained/Disturbed Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) Water Hickory (Carya aquatica.) Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) 5.7 Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype) Privet (Ligustrum spp.) American elm (Ulmus americana) Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) 1.3 Salt/Brackish Marsh Giant Cane (Arundinaria gigantea) <0.01 Total 7.0 Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 3 December 2021 4.0 Protected Species 4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)list the following federally protected species within the study area, under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (Table 2). For each species, a discussion of the presence or absence of habitat is included below along with the Biological Conclusion rendered based on survey results in the study area. Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species within the Study Area Scientific Name Common Name Federal Status Habitat Present Biological Conclusion Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus Atlantic sturgeon E No NE Alligator mississippiensis American alligator T(S/A) Yes Not Required Laterallus jamaicensis Eastern black rail T No NE Chelonia myadas Green sea turtle T No NE Lepidochelys kempii Kemp’s (Atlantic) ridley sea turtle E No NE Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle E No NE Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle T No NE Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared bat T Yes MA-LAA Charadrius melodus Piping plover T No NE Picoides borealis Red-cockaded woodpecker E No NE Calidris canutus rufa Rufa red knot T No NE Sterna dougallii dougallii Roseate tern E No NE Acipenser brevirostrum Shortnose sturgeon E No NE Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee T Yes MA-NLAA Lysimachia asperulaefolia Rough-leaved loosestrife E No NE Amaranthus pumilus Seabeach amaranth T No NE E – Endangered; T – Threatened; T(S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance T (S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance MA-NLAA – May Affect – Not Likely to Adversely Affect MA-LAA – May Affect – Likely to Adversely Affect NE – No Effect Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 4 December 2021 Atlantic sturgeon USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence in appropriate waters Biological Conclusion: No Effect The Atlantic sturgeon is a large fish that occurs in major river systems along the eastern seaboard of the United States. It is an anadromous species that migrates to moderately-moving freshwater areas to spawn in the spring; in some southern rivers a fall spawning migration may also occur. Spawning occurs in moderately flowing water in deep parts of large rivers, usually on hard surfaces (e.g., cobble). The subject project is not within anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide potential habitat for the shortnose sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal and limited to the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Coordination with North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission (NCWRC) concluded there is no need for a moratoria related to this species. American alligator USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year-round (only warm days in winter) Biological Conclusion: Not Required In North Carolina, alligators have been recorded in nearly every coastal county, and many inland counties to the fall line. The alligator is found in rivers, streams, canals, lakes, swamps, and coastal marshes. Adult animals are highly tolerant of salt water, but the young are more sensitive, with salinities greater than 5 parts per thousand considered harmful. The American alligator remains on the protected species list due to its similarity in appearance to the Endangered American crocodile. Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do not require Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Habitat for American alligator is present in Harlowe Canal within the study area. The riparian system may be deep enough in several parts of the study area for the alligator to migrate. None were observed at the time of the field investigation. A review of the November 2021 North Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Black rail USFWS Recommended Survey Window: April - June Biological Conclusion: No Effect The black rail is typically found in saltwater and brackish marshes with dense cover but can also be found in adjacent upland areas. Though the project contains a small saltwater and brackish marsh area, this wetland is not of sufficient size and is too Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 5 December 2021 sparsely vegetated to adequately support the life history and ecology of the black rail. A review of the November 2021 North Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Green sea turtle USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August Biological Conclusion: No Effect Green sea turtles inhabit temperate and tropical oceans and can be found in lagoons, reefs, bays, mangrove swamps, and inlets where marine grasses are present for foraging. Green sea turtles are not known to nest in North Carolina. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Kemp’s ridley sea turtle USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August Biological Conclusion: No Effect Kemp’s ridley sea turtles prefer neritic areas of the ocean with sandy or muddy bottoms. While infrequent, Kemp’s ridley sea turtle nests haven been confirmed in North Carolina and sightings for this species exist for most coastal counties. This species prefers beach sections with a well-defined dune area, that back up to swamps or other large bodies of open water. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Leatherback sea turtle USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August Biological Conclusion: No Effect Leatherback sea turtles inhabit tropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. They are typically found offshore in the open ocean; however, in northern waters they have been documented in bays, estuaries and other inland bodies of water. While infrequent, leatherback sea turtle nests have been confirmed in North Carolina. They typically nest on sandy beaches backed with vegetation in proximity to relatively deep waters. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 6 December 2021 Loggerhead sea turtle USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August Biological Conclusion: No Effect Loggerhead sea turtles inhabit the open ocean and can be found offshore in deepwater areas or nearshore in neritic area such as bays, lagoons, salt marshes, creeks, ship channels, and the mouth of large rivers. Loggerhead sea turtles are known to occasionally nest on the sandy beaches of the North Carolina coast. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Northern long-eared bat USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: June 1 – August 15 Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect The US Fish and Wildlife Service has revised the previous programmatic biological opinion (PBO) in conjunction with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and NCDOT for the northern long- eared bat (NLEB) (Myotis septentrionalis) in eastern North Carolina. The PBO covers the entire NCDOT program in Divisions 1-8, including all NCDOT projects and activities. Although this programmatic covers Divisions 1-8, NLEBs are currently only known in 22 counties, but may potentially occur in 8 additional counties within Divisions 1-8. NCDOT, FHWA, and USACE have agreed to two conservation measures which will avoid/minimize mortality of NLEBs. These conservation measures only apply to the 30 current known/potential counties shown on Figure 2 of the PBO at this time. The programmatic determination for NLEB for the NCDOT program is May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect. The PBO will ensure compliance with Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act for ten years (effective through December 31, 2030) for all NCDOT projects with a federal nexus in Divisions 1-8, which includes Carteret County, where the proposed project, BP2.R005.1, is located. Piping plover USFWS optimal survey window: year round Biological Conclusion: No Effect Piping plovers breed and winter in North Carolina. Suitable breeding and wintering habitat includes unvegetated coastal sandy beaches and sand and/or mudflats with little to no emergent vegetation. Suitable nesting (coastal sandy beach) or breeding habitat for the piping plover does not exist in the study area. The project study area is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 7 December 2021 Red-cockaded woodpecker USFWS optimal survey window: year-round; November – early March (optimal) Biological Conclusion: No Effect The red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) typically occupies open, mature stands of southern pines, particularly longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), for foraging and nesting/roosting habitat. The RCW excavates cavities for nesting and roosting in living pine trees, aged 60 years or older, which are contiguous with pine stands at least 30 years of age to provide foraging habitat. The project study area is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas. Mature loblolly pines are scattered throughout the study area; however, the understory within the forested area is too dense and does not provide suitable nesting or foraging habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of the RCW within 1.0 mile of the study area. Rufa red knot USFWS optimal survey window: Year Round Biological Conclusion: No Effect Red knots are known to winter in North Carolina and to stop over during migration. Red knots are typically found along sandy, ravel, or cobble beaches, tidal mudflats, salt marshes, shallow coastal impoundments and lagoons, and peat banks. Suitable habitat for the red knot does not exist in the study area. The project study area is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Roseate tern USFWS optimal survey window: June – August Biological Conclusion: No Effect In North Carolina, the roseate tern is most commonly found on barrier islands as it travels through the area to and from breeding grounds. Suitable habitat for the roseate tern does not exist in the study area. The project study area is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 8 December 2021 Shortnose sturgeon USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence in appropriate waters Biological Conclusion: No Effect Shortnose sturgeon prefer near shore marine, estuarine, and riverine habitat of large river systems. It is an anadromomous species that migrates to faster moving freshwater areas to spawn in the spring. The subject project is not within anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide potential habitat for the shortnose sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal and limited to the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Coordination with NCDMF and NCWRC concluded there is no need for a moratoria related to this species. West Indian manatee USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Not Likely to Adversely Affect West Indian manatees are found in canals, sluggish rivers, estuarine habitats, salt water bays, and off shore up to 3.7 miles out. They utilize freshwater and marine habitats with depths ranging from 5 feet to 20 feet. Additionally, they require a source of freshwater and aquatic vegetation. The subject project offers suitable habitat for the West Indian manatee within the canal. In-water work is limited to the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. The proposed project will not impact the existing behavior or movement of manatees utilizing the canal. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. The NCDOT will follow the USFWS Guidelines for Avoiding Impacts to the West Indian Manatee, Precautionary Measures for Construction Activities in North Carolina Waters. Rough-leaved loosestrife USFWS Recommended Survey Window: mid May – June Biological Conclusion: No Effect Rough-leaved loosestrife generally occurs in the ecotones between longleaf pine uplands and pond pine pocosins in dense shrub and vine growth on moist to seasonally saturated sands and on shallow organic soils overlying sand. This species has been documented in disturbed habitats such as roadside depressions, utility right-of-way, firebreaks, and trails. No preferred habitat for the species was identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 9 December 2021 Seabeach Amaranth USFWS Recommended Survey Window: July – October Biological Conclusion: No Effect Seabeach amaranth occurs on barrier island beaches where its primary habitat consists of overwash flats at accreting ends of islands, lower foredunes, and upper strands of noneroding beaches (landward of the wrack line). No preferred habitat for the species was identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. 4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act The bald eagle is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and enforced by the USFWS. Habitat for the bald eagle primarily consists of mature forests in proximity to large bodies of open water for foraging. Large dominant trees are utilized for nesting sites, typically within 1.0 mile of open water. A desktop-GIS assessment of the study area, as well as the area within a 1.0 mile radius of the project limits, was performed on March 2, 2021, using the most currently-available orthoimagery. Water bodies large and sufficiently open enough to be considered potential feeding sources were not identified. Since foraging habitat was not present within the review area, a survey of the study area and the area within 660 feet of the project limits was not required. Additionally, no bald eagle individuals or nests were observed during the May 18, 2021 field visit. A review of the October 2021 NCNHP database revealed no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. 4.3 Essential Fish Habitat The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has identified Harlowe Creek/Harlowe Canal as an Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). The NMFS online EFH mapper was used to determine which species has designated EFH within the study area. According to the NMFS EFH online mapper, there are three species that have mapped EFH within the study area and six species that have the potential to occur where EFH spatial data does not exist. For these six species, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (SAFMC) descriptions of EFH by life stage was used to determine if their EFH is present in the study area (SAFMC 2016). Based on the NMFS EFH mapper and SAMFC EFH descriptions, it was determined that the study area contains EFH for the various life cycle stages of six species. Table 3 lists the fish species that may occur in the study area that are managed by the NMFS, including the life stages which are reported to occur. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 10 December 2021 Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area Species Life Stage Bluefish Juvenile Atlantic butterfish Adult Summer flounder Larva, Juvenile, Adult White shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile Brown shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile Pink shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile Permanent impacts resulting from the proposed bridge replacement over Harlowe Canal will be limited to approximately 100 square feet from rip-rap and pile placement. Additionally, EFH may be temporarily impacted during removal of the existing pilings and from increased turbidity during construction operations. The NCDOT will install turbidity barriers around all in-water operations to reduce potential turbidity impacts. Due to the relatively minor impacts to EFH within its local surroundings, the proposed project will not have significant permanent impacts on EFH. As a result, it is anticipated that no managed species or life cycle stages of managed species will be significantly impacted. 5.0 Water Resources The study area is part of the White Oak River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020301) and the Neuse River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020406). One potential stream was identified in the study area (Table 4). The location of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4. Table 4. Streams in the Study Area Stream Name Map ID NCDWR Index Number Best Usage Classification Bank Height (ft.) Bankfull width (ft.) Depth (in.) Harlowe Creek Harlowe Canal 21-22-1 SA; HQW 2 70 66 The Harlowe Creek is channelized into a canal north of SR 101. Harlowe Canal is classified as Shellfish Waters (SA) and High Quality Waters (HQW). There are no Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) or water supply watersheds (WS-I or WS-II) within 1.0 mile downstream of the study area. Based on North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission (NCWRC) coordination, no designated anadromous fish waters are within the project study area. Additionally, during the Field Scoping Meeting, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) did not identify any such waters associated with the project. The North Carolina 2020 Final 303(d) list of impaired waters identifies Harlowe Canal (21-22-1) as impaired for fecal coliform. Additionally, impaired waters are within 1.0 mile downstream of the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 11 December 2021 No potential surface waters (i.e., ponds, tributaries, or basins) were identified within the study area. 6.0 Regulatory Considerations 6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. One jurisdictional stream was identified in the study area (Table 5). The location of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4. Final mitigation requirements will be determined in coordination with the USACE and NCDWR after a site visit is conducted. Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area Map ID Length (ft.) Area (ac.) Classification Compensatory Mitigation Required River Basin Buffer Harlowe Canal 403 0.5 Perennial Yes Not Subject One jurisdictional wetland was identified and delineated along the bank of Harlowe Canal within the study area (Table 5). The location of the wetland is shown on Figures 3 and 4. Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area Map ID NCWAM Classification Hydrologic Classification Area (ac.) WA Salt/Brackish Marsh Riparian <0.01 6.2 Construction Moratoria The NCDEQ identified streams in the study area as an important marine fishery area (saltwater shell fishing) during the January 21, 2021 Field Scoping Meeting. Additionally, waters downstream of the project area are primary nursery areas. Therefore, a mandatory no ground disturbing activities construction moratorium is required from April 1 to September 30. Coordination with NCWRC resulted in the same determination as mentioned above. 6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules This project is located in the White Oak River Basin (USGS HUC 03020301). Jurisdictional features at the project site are therefore not subject to streamside riparian zones protected under provisions administered by the NCDEQ – Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). Within the study area, outside of the project limits, a portion of Harlowe Canal is located in the Neuse River Basin (USGS HUC 03020406); however, as discussed at the Field Scoping Meeting with Garcy Ward present (held on January 21, Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 12 December 2021 2021), the design will consider only the buffer requirements of the White Oak River Basin (not subject). Table 5 lists which streams are subject to these rules within the project area. 6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters The USACE has designated Harlowe Canal (Creek) as Navigable Waters under Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act. 6.5 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern There was one Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) identified in the study area. Harlowe Canal is a designated Public Trust Water and a CAMA coastal marsh is present at wetland site WA (Figure 3). 6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System There are no designated Coastal Barrier Resource System units within the study area. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 13 December 2021 7.0 References National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries. Essential Fish Habitat Mapper https://www.habitat.noaa.gov/apps/efhmapper/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Species List. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/find-species. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). NatureServe. 2017. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources. Water Quality Assessment and Impaired Waters List 2020 Final 303(d) list. https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2020/NC_2020 _Category5_303dlist.pdf N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources. Methodology for Identification of Intermittent and Perennial Streams and Their Origins. https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/401 /Policies_Guides_Manuals/StreamID_v_4point11_Final_sept_01_2010.pdf N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources. 2010. N.C. Wetland Assessment Method (NCWAM) User Manual. Prepared by the N.C. Wetland Functional Assessment Team. https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/PD U/NC%20WAM/NCWAM%20Users%20Manual%20and%20appendices%20v4. 1.pdf North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Marine Fisheries (DMF). 2018. Anadromous Fish Spawning Area Maps. http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/afsa-maps. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Water Resources. 2018. Final 2018 North Carolina 303(d) List. https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2018/2018- NC-303-d--List-Final.pdf North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2021. Preparing Natural Resource Technical Reports. Environmental Analysis Unit, Environmental Coordination and Permitting Group. Version 3.0 (interim). Approved December 1, 2017. Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 14 December 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). 2021. Natural Heritage Data Explorer [Web Application]. NCDNCR, Raleigh, NC. http://ncnhde.natureserve.org. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). Schafale, M.P. 2012. Guide to the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Fourth Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). Raleigh, North Carolina. 208 pp. South Atlantic Fishery Management Countil (SAMFC). 2016. Habitat Associations by Life Stage. https://safmc.net/download/Habitat_Associations_by_life_stage_ Dec20161.pdf (Accessed November 29, 2021) United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Technical Report Y-87-1. 169 pp. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2010 . Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plain Region (Version 2.0) (ERDC/EL TR-10-20). United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 1974. Soil Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2003. Recovery plan for the Red- cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) Second Revision. Atlanta, Georgia. 316 pp. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2017. Piping Plover Fact Sheet. https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_piplch.html . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Dwarf Wedgemussel. https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_dwarf_wedgemussel.html . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Eastern black rail. https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/birds/eastern-black-rail/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis). https://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/mammals/nleb. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C. 15 December 2021 United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Programmatic Biological Opinion for NCDOT Program Effects on the Northern Long-eared Bat in Divisions 1-8. https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Environmental/EAU/BSG/ Documents/NLEB%20Programmatic/PBO%20for%20NLEB%20in%20Divisions %201-8%2020210101.pdf. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) species profile. http://www.fws.gov/rcwrecovery/rcw.html . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Roseate tern (Sterna dougallii dougallii). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pdfs/FS_Roseate%20tern.pdf . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Rough leaf loosestrife (Lysimachia asperulaefolia). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_rough- leaf_loosestrife.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Seabeach amaranth (Amaranthus pumilus). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_seabeach_amaranth.html . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Tar River spinymussel. https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_tar_spinymussel.html . (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC), Online Mapper. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/location/index (Accessed: November 29, 2021) United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_manatee.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Rufa red knot (Calidris canutus rufa). https://fws.gov/northeast/red-knot. (Accessed: November 29, 2021). United States Geological Survey (USGS). 2021. Quad Map download. https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/#/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021) Appendix A Figures Appendix B Qualifications of Contributors Investigator Jay Johnson Education: Associates Degree, Recreation and Wildlife Mgt, Hocking Technical College, 1981 B.S. Environmental Geography, Ohio University, 1991 Experience: Professional Wetland Scientist 1997-Present Environmental Manager, Outer Banks Contractors 1991-1994 Environmental Consultant, Environmental Professionals Inc. 1994- 1999 Division Environmental Officer, Division 2 NCDOT, 1999-Present Responsibilities: Wetland and stream delineations, T&E surveys, Permitting and Compliance, Project Review Investigator: Ashley Abdel-Hadi Education: B.S. Biology, University of Central Florida, 2010 M.S. Ecological Restoration, University of Florida, 2017 Experience: Senior Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, September 2019-Present Ecologist/Environmental Scientist, Private Sector, August 2010- September 2019 Responsibilities: Field review, Document review Investigator: Megan Nicely Education: B.S. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 2015 Experience: Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2019- Present Environmental Specialist, Public Sector, August 2017-May2019 Responsibilities: Field review, Document preparation Investigator: John McNulty Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University Master of Biological and Agricultural Engineering candidate, North Carolina State University (Anticipated Completion Fall 2022) Experience: Hydraulics Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, December 2019-Present Responsibilities: GIS mapping and analyses Investigator: Andrea Gordon Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, University of Alabama, 2019 Experience: Roadway Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2018- Present Responsibilities: Document preparation, NCNHP Data Explorer review Appendix A Figures Pitt County Beaufort County Har lo we Canal S R -1 3 9 1 NC-101µ300 0 300150 Feet Legend Study Area County Boundaries Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal BP2.R005.1 Carteret County, North Carolina Project Location Map Figure 1 µ500 0 500250 Feet Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal BP2.R005.1 Carteret County, North Carolina Topographic Map Figure 2 Legend Study Area S R -1 3 9 1 NC-101µ300 0 300150 Feet Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal BP2.R005.1 Carteret County, North Carolina Terrestrial Communities Map Figure 3Har l owe Canal Legend Study Area Potential Wetland WOTUS Potential Non-Wetland WOTUS (Perennial Stream) Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype) Salt/Brackish Marsh Maintained\Disturbed S R -1 3 9 1 NC-101µ300 0 300150 Feet Legend Study Area Wetland WOTUS Non-Wetland WOTUS (Perennial Stream) Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal BP2.R005.1 Carteret County, North Carolina Jurisdictional Features Map Figure 4Har l owe Canal ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│―│―│―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│―│―│ ―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│―│―│―│―│―│―│ ―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│―│ ―│―│―│―│―│ 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2525 2 5 25 2525 25 252525252 5 252 5 2 5 2525 252 5 25 2 5 25 25 25 25 25 252525 25 25252525 2525 2525252525 2525 252525252525 25 25 25 2525 2525252525 25 252525 252525 2525 25 252525 2 5 2525252525252525 2525 25 25252 5 25 252 5 25 25 252525 25 2525 25252525 25 252525 2 5 25 2525 2525 25 25 2525 25252525252525252525 252525 2525 25 25 252 5 25 25 252 5 252525 2525252525 25 25 2525 25 25 2525 25 252525 2525252525 25 25 25 25 NE U S I O K NEUSIOK NEU S IOK NEUSIOKNEUSIOKNEUSIOKNEUSIOK ¬«101 BLADES RD¬«101 B A L L F A RM R D 147 ADAMS CR EEK RD B A L L F A R M R D ¬«101 ¬«101 147 147 DE W E Y R D 3015 169 E R A IL R O A D B L V D EDGEW OODAV ELITTLE DEEPC R E E K R D W R A I L R O A D B L V D WILLIS FARM RD HIBBS RDHERRING SMITH LNC H U R C H S T WESTFIELD RD154 CHATHAM ST BAYBERRYRDCARL GARNER RD£¤70 N C - 1 2 4 7 £¤70 STATE RD 1140 E C H A T H A M S T LONGLEAF DR WILDWOOD RIVER RIDG E R D M I LL CREEK RD 183 MILL CREE K R D 181 124 N E W PORTLOOPRDDANNYGARNERRD3109 W ILDWOODRDHATCHERDROLD AIRPORT RDCLAYTONDRE BRANCH D R ª«31 MUNDEN FARM RDSHEPPARDCR U SE DR SAMGARNERRDLIGHTWOODDRWILLI A M SRIDGERD136 ANTEB E L L U M D R CROATANNATIONAL FOREST MCAS CHERRYPOINT CRAVEN CO CRAVEN CO CARTERET CO CARTERET CO The NarrowsHullSwampLittleDeepCrDeep CrB illy sB rMill Pond Newpor t RiverHancockCrNewportRiver Little Cr SwampSnowsSwam pBrMillCrMoneyIslandSwampMainProng SmithsSwampBrBlackCrNewportRiver SmithsSwampGhoulsFork Deep Cr B lakesB r Blakes Br Ha r l ow e C a n a l DeepCreekClubfootCreekDeepBrMococksBr WProngMortonsMillPondMortonsMillPon dCahoogu e C r SandyBrPilgrimsRest Cem Newport Cem Harlowe North Harlowe Newport Union Point Wildwood MOREHEAD CITY Mill Creek CrossRock HAVELOCK 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 47 3860 000mN 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 3847000mN 60 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 3829 339 000mE 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39329000mE 40 34.7500° 34.8750° -76.8750°-76.7500°34.8750° 34.7500°-76.7500°-76.8750° QUADRANGLE LOCATION NEWPORT QUADRANGLENORTH CAROLINA7.5-MINUTE SERIES NEWPORT, NC 2019 ROAD CLASSIFICATION Check with local Forest Service unitfor current travel conditions and restrictions. FS Primary Route FS High Clearance RouteFS PassengerRouteª«▬Interstate Route State RouteUS RouteWX./H Expressway Local Connector Ramp 4WD Secondary Hwy Local Road U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY This map was produced to conform with the National Geospatial Program US Topo Product Standard, 2011.A metadata file associated with this product is draft version 0.6.18 CONTOUR INTERVAL 5 FEETNORTH AMERICAN VERTICAL DATUM OF 1988 SCALE 1:24 000 1000 500 0 METERS 1000 2000 21KILOMETERS00.51 1 0.5 0 MILES 1 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 FEET × Ø GN MN 1°2´ 18 MILS 10°13´ 182 MILS UTM GRID AND 2019 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET UD Grid Zone Designation 18S U.S. National Grid100,000 - m Square ID NORTHCAROLINA North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84). Projection and1 000-meter grid:Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18S Produced by the United States Geological Survey This map is not a legal document. Boundaries may begeneralized for this map scale. Private lands within governmentreservations may not be shown. Obtain permission beforeentering private lands. Imagery.....................................................NAIP, June 2016 - November 2016Roads......................................... U.S. Census Bureau, 2016Roads within US Forest Service Lands........................FSTopo Data with limited Forest Service updates, 2012 - 2016Names............................................................................GNIS, 1980 - 2018Hydrography...............................National Hydrography Dataset, 1899 - 2018Contours............................................National Elevation Dataset, 2015Boundaries..............Multiple sources; see metadata file 2017 - 2018 Wetlands.................FWS National Wetlands Inventory 2010 1 Havelock 8 Beaufort 2 Cherry Point3 Merrimon4 Masontown5 Core Creek6 Salter Path7 Mansfield ADJOINING QUADRANGLES 3 86 2 4 5 7 1 *7643016379039*NSN.7643016379039NGA REF NO.USGSX24K31985 ―│―│―│―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ ―│ 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. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . ....... !F ▄n F F 525 5Dead CowFieldSALTWATERADVENTURE(Water)SALTWATER ADVENTURE (Water)SALTWATERADVENTURE(Water)S A L T W A T E R A D V E N T U R E ( W a t e r )MILLCRE EKRD KINGFISHER DR124 LONGLEAF DR SCOTTSLNDGBOYD LNTURNPIKERDN 20TH STSHELLBANKRDSHORE RD SNOWY EGRET DRHARDESTYCEMETERYRDJOSLYN DRSHOREDRHARDES TY F AR MR D C R ABPOI NTLOOPRDCOUNTRY CLUB RDDOLPHIN WAY ¬«101 CORE CREEK DR TUTTLES GROVE RDSEA GATE DRCORECREEK RD MERRIMON RDOLD STANTON RDPANTHER RD SEA GATE DRHUNTING CLUB COUNTRY CLUB LNME RRI MONR DTRADEWINDS RDSEAGATEBLVDHARDESTYLOOPRD GATSEY LNSTEAMSHIP LN MERRIMON RD¬«101 O L D B R I D G E R D OLD IRONSIDES RDB A L L F A RM R DADAMS CR EEK RD B A L L F A R M R D G E O R G E R D H O D G E R D FRAZIER T O W N R D ¬«101ADAMSCREEKRD MERRIMON RDWARE CREEK RD¬«101 MADISON BAY DR £¤70GLORYRDOUR RD LAUREL RD STEEL TANK RD SE N S A T I O N W E IG HINTRACOASTALDR BELLCREEK D RBRENDA LN SUNRISE DR D E A D C O W LN TAYLOR FARM RDAUSTIN RDOAK RD ¬«101 £¤70 JACKSON DRINGRAMRDCOMETDRISLANDDR TAYLORWOODDRTIFFA N Y WAY RU D O L P H D R M CDAN IELRDNEPTUNE LN NRIVER CLU B D R FOX RUN LNUNION EAST DR T A Y L ORWOODPKWYOLD RUSSELL RDRUSSELLSCREEKRD KEVIN CT W INDINGWOODSWAYN HARBOR DR CROATANNATIONAL FOREST CRAVEN C O CARTER E T C O IntracoastalWaterway Ware Creek Bell Creek Oyster Creek Core CreekAdams Creek CanalAlligato r C r NorthRiverClubfo o t C r RussellCrBig C r Eastman CreekHarloweCree kDeer FieldShores Beaufort Thomas Marsh North River Crab PointVillage White Rock Penn Point MOREHEAD CITY Lawton Point CrossRock Core Creek Turtle Rock Mill Creek 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 47 3860 000mN 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 3847000mN 60 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 5040 351 000mE 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50341000mE 51 34.7500° 34.8750° -76.7500°-76.6250°34.8750° 34.7500°-76.6250°-76.7500° QUADRANGLE LOCATION CORE CREEK QUADRANGLENORTH CAROLINA7.5-MINUTE SERIES CORE CREEK, NC 2019 ROAD CLASSIFICATION Check with local Forest Service unitfor current travel conditions and restrictions. FS Primary Route FS High Clearance RouteFS PassengerRouteª«▬Interstate Route State RouteUS RouteWX./H Expressway Local Connector Ramp 4WD Secondary Hwy Local Road U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY This map was produced to conform with the National Geospatial Program US Topo Product Standard, 2011.A metadata file associated with this product is draft version 0.6.18 CONTOUR INTERVAL 5 FEETNORTH AMERICAN VERTICAL DATUM OF 1988 SCALE 1:24 000 1000 500 0 METERS 1000 2000 21KILOMETERS00.51 1 0.5 0 MILES 1 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 FEET × Ø GN MN 0°58´ 17 MILS 10°18´ 183 MILS UTM GRID AND 2019 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET UD Grid Zone Designation 18S U.S. National Grid100,000 - m Square ID NORTHCAROLINA North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84). Projection and1 000-meter grid:Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18S Produced by the United States Geological Survey This map is not a legal document. Boundaries may begeneralized for this map scale. Private lands within governmentreservations may not be shown. Obtain permission beforeentering private lands. Imagery.....................................................NAIP, June 2016 - November 2016Roads......................................... U.S. Census Bureau, 2016Roads within US Forest Service Lands........................FSTopo Data with limited Forest Service updates, 2016Names............................................................................GNIS, 1980 - 1989Hydrography...............................National Hydrography Dataset, 1899 - 2018Contours............................................National Elevation Dataset, 2015Boundaries..............Multiple sources; see metadata file 2017 - 2018 Wetlands.................FWS National Wetlands Inventory 2010 1 Cherry Point 8 Harkers Island 2 Merrimon3 South River4 Newport5 Williston6 Mansfield7 Beaufort ADJOINING QUADRANGLES 2 4 7 5 1 3 86 *7643016378653*NSN.7643016378653NGA REF NO.USGSX24K10098 Appendix B Qualifications of Contributors Investigator Jay Johnson Education: Associates Degree, Recreation and Wildlife Mgt, Hocking Technical College, 1981 B.S. Environmental Geography, Ohio University, 1991 Experience: Professional Wetland Scientist 1997-Present Environmental Manager, Outer Banks Contractors 1991-1994 Environmental Consultant, Environmental Professionals Inc. 1994- 1999 Division Environmental Officer, Division 2 NCDOT, 1999-Present Responsibilities: Wetland and stream delineations, T&E surveys, Permitting and Compliance, Project Review Investigator: Ashley Abdel-Hadi Education: B.S. Biology, University of Central Florida, 2010 M.S. Ecological Restoration, University of Florida, 2017 Experience: Senior Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, September 2019-Present Ecologist/Environmental Scientist, Private Sector, August 2010- September 2019 Responsibilities: Field review, Document review Investigator: Megan Nicely Education: B.S. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 2015 Experience: Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2019- Present Environmental Specialist, Public Sector, August 2017-May2019 Responsibilities: Field review, Document preparation Investigator: John McNulty Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University Master of Biological and Agricultural Engineering candidate, North Carolina State University (Anticipated Completion Fall 2022) Experience: Hydraulics Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, December 2019-Present Responsibilities: GIS mapping and analyses Investigator: Andrea Gordon Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, University of Alabama, 2019 Experience: Roadway Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2018- Present Responsibilities: Document preparation, NCNHP Data Explorer review Historical Arch Report RICHARD GRUBB & ASSOCIATES SUBMITTED TO: Sam Cullum, PEKisinger Campo & Associates301 Fayetteville Street, Suite 1500Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 October 2021 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE SURVEY REPORT REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO. 57 OVER HARLOWE CREEK ON BALL FARM ROAD (SR 1391) Carteret County, North Carolina (WBS# BP2.R005.1) RGA Technical Report # 2021-243NC REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO. 57 OVER HARLOWE CREEK ON BALL FARM ROAD (SR 1391) Carteret County, North Carolina (WBS# BP2.R005.1) ____________________________________________ Ellen Turco, Principal Investigator Date Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc. ____________________________________________ Mary Pope Furr, Supervisor Date Historic Architecture Group, NCDOT Principal Investigator: Ellen Turco, MA Author: Debbie Bevin, MA Prepared by: Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc. 525 Wait Avenue Wake Forest, North Carolina 27587 Submitted to: Sam Cullum, PE Kisinger Campo & Associates 301 Fayetteville Street, Suite 1500 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 Date: October 15, 2021 RGA Technical Report # 2021-243NC HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE SURVEY REPORT October 15, 2021 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................i List of Figures, Plates and Tables ......................................................................................................iii 1.0 Management Summary ..............................................................................................................1-1 2.0 Project Description and Methodology ....................................................................................2-1 3.0 Historic Context ..........................................................................................................................3-1 3.1 The Geography, Formation, and Early History of Carteret County ...........................3-1 3.2 History of Harlowe Township ...........................................................................................3-1 3.4 Residential Architecture in Carteret County ...................................................................3-8 3.5 Agriculture in Carteret County ........................................................................................3-12 3.6 Transportation in Carteret County ..................................................................................3-16 4.0 NRHP Evaluation of the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal (CR0565/CV1338) ........4-1 4.1 Setting ....................................................................................................................................4-1 4.2 Description ..........................................................................................................................4-1 4.3 History ...................................................................................................................................4-1 4.4 Integrity ..............................................................................................................................4-12 4.5 NRHP Evaluation ..............................................................................................................4-12 4.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation ...............................................................................4-13 5.0 NRHP Evaluation of the William Nash Bell House (CR1208) .........................................5-1 5.1 Setting ....................................................................................................................................5-1 5.2 Description ............................................................................................................................5-1 5.3 History ...................................................................................................................................5-9 5.4 Integrity ..............................................................................................................................5-12 5.5 NRHP Evaluation ..............................................................................................................5-12 5.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation ...............................................................................5-13 6.0 NRHP Evaluation of the George Ball House (CR1213) .....................................................6-1 6.1 Setting ....................................................................................................................................6-1 6.2 Description ............................................................................................................................6-1 6.3 History ...................................................................................................................................6-5 6.4 Integrity ................................................................................................................................6-5 6.5 NRHP Evaluation ................................................................................................................6-5 7.0 NRHP Evaluation of the Raymond Ball House (CR1211) .................................................7-1 7.1 Setting ....................................................................................................................................7-1 7.2 Description ............................................................................................................................7-1 7.3 History ...................................................................................................................................7-2 7.4 Integrity ................................................................................................................................7-2 ii Appendices: Appendix A: National Register of Historic Places Criteria for Evaluation Appendix B: Resumes 7.5 NRHP Evaluation ................................................................................................................7-2 8.0 NRHP Evaluation of the Ball Brothers Farm (CR1450) .....................................................8-1 8.1 Setting ...................................................................................................................................8-1 8.2 Description ............................................................................................................................8-1 8.3 History ...................................................................................................................................8-8 8.4 Integrity ..............................................................................................................................8-10 8.5 NRHP Evaluation ..............................................................................................................8-13 8.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation ...............................................................................8-14 9.0 References ....................................................................................................................................9-1 iii LIST OF FIGURES, PLATES AND TABLES FIGURES: Figure 2.1: U.S.G.S. map showing the APE for Historic Architecture ................................................2-2 Figure 2.2: Aerial map showing the APE for Historic Architecture ....................................................2-3 Figure 3.1: 1713 Plat of Beaufort, North Carolina, by Richard Graves ..............................................3-2 Figure 3.2: Portion of 1737 “A New and Correct Map of the Province of North Carolina” based on surveys done by Col. Mosely .................................................................................3-3 Figure 3.3: Inset from Mosely’s 1737 map showing Topsail Inlet ........................................................3-4 Figure 3.4: Portion of 1775 “An Accurate Map of North and South Carolina” based on surveys done by Henry Mouzon ............................................................................................3-5 Figure 3.5: Sketch map of the Harlowe Area circa 1800, drawn by John Shoebridge Williams......3-6 Figure 3.6: 1868 commencement program, Harlowe’s Creek Academy..............................................3-7 Figure 3.7: 2011 photograph of O.C. Bell House, M. Ruth Little ........................................................3-9 Figure 3.8: 1955 photograph of O.C. Bell House showing original double front portico facing east towards canal .......................................................................................................3-10 Figure 3.9: 2011 photograph of Rufus Bell House, M. Ruth Little ...................................................3-11 Figure 3.10: November 6, 1942, photograph of George Ball and Carteret County Farm Agent J.G. Lassiter discussing sweet potato harvest at the Ball Brothers Farm ...........3-15 Figure 3.11: 1951 U.S.G.S. map showing drainage ditches on farms ...................................................3-18 Figure 3.12: 1953 aerial imagery of Harlowe showing drainage ditches on farms ............................3-19 Figure 3.13: 1913 map of Atlantic Intra-coastal Waterway ...................................................................3-20 Figure 3.14: 1930 Carteret County Road Map .........................................................................................3-21 Figure 4.1: Aerial map of the Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek Canal ..........................................4-2 Figure 4.2: Portion of 1833 map of the State of North Carolina by John Mac Rae ........................4-8 Figure 4.3: 1891 map of Inland Water-Way between Beaufort and New Berne, North Carolina ..4-9 Figure 4.4: Unattributed illustration, circa 1870s-1880s, of a sailboat on the Harlowe Canal .......4-10 Figure 4.5: 1898 photograph of the steamboat Tarboro on the Tar River. ........................................4-11 Figure 4.6: Bonar va Canal facing north from Bridge No. 27 on South Fork Creek Road, iv Creswell, North Carolina ......................................................................................................4-14 Figure 4.7: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek Canal ..........................................................................................4-15 Figure 5.1: Aerial map showing the William Nash Bell House .............................................................5-2 Figure 5.2: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the William Nash Bell House ...............................................................................................................................5-15 Figure 6.1: Aerial map showing the George Ball House ........................................................................6-2 Figure 7.1: Aerial map showing the Raymond Ball House ....................................................................7-3 Figure 8.1: Aerial map showing the Ball Brothers Farm ........................................................................8-2 Figure 8.2: November 6, 1942, photograph of sweet potatoes stored in bushel baskets in curing barn on the Ball Brothers Farm .................................................................................8-7 Figure 8.3: 1938 photograph of gambrel-roofed barn on the the Ball Brothers Farm ..................8-12 Figure 8.4: November 6, 1942, photograph of Raymond Ball and J.G. Lassiter in sweet potato curing barn on the Ball Brothers Farm ..................................................................8-15 Figure 8.5: 1939 aerial imagery of the the Ball Brothers Farm ..........................................................8-16 Figure 8.6: November 6, 1942, photograph of plowing and hand-picking sweet potatoes on the Ball Brothers Farm ..........................................................................................................8-17 Figure 8.7: November 6, 1942, photograph of child hired to pick sweet potatoes on the Ball Brothers Farm .................................................................................................................8-18 Figure 8.8: November 6, 1942, photograph of sweet potato harvest on the Ball Brothers Farm 8-19 Figure 8.9: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the Ball Brothers Farm .........................................................................................................................................8-20 PHOTO PLATES: Plate 3.1: O.C. Bell House. ......................................................................................................................3-9 Plate 3.2: Rufus Bell House. ...................................................................................................................3-11 Plate 3.3: William Nash Bell House. .....................................................................................................3-13 Plate 3.4: Fur man Taylor House. ..........................................................................................................3-13 Plate 3.5: George W. Dill, Sr., House, Morehead City. .......................................................................3-13 Plate 3.6: Dr. Manley Mason House, Newport. ..................................................................................3-14 v Plate 3.7: Raymond Ball House. ............................................................................................................3-14 Plate 3.8: William Rufus and Bessie Ward House, Harlowe. ............................................................3-14 Plate 4.1: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the NC 101 bridge. .........................................4-3 Plate 4.2: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the NC 101 bridge. .........................................4-3 Plate 4.3: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal approaching the Ball Farm Road bridge. ..............4-3 Plate 4.4: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Ball Farm Road bridge. ...........................4-4 Plate 4.5: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Ball Farm Road bridge. ...........................4-4 Plate 4.6: Private dock on Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal. ........................................................4-4 Plate 4.7: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal between Ball Farm and Adams Creek Roads. ......4-5 Plate 4.8: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal approaching the Adams Creek Road bridge. ........4-5 Plate 4.9: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Adams Creek Road bridge. .....................4-6 Plate 4.10: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Adams Creek Road bridge. .....................4-6 Plate 5.1: William Nash Bell House, setting. .........................................................................................5-3 Plate 5.2: William Nash Bell House façade. ..........................................................................................5-3 Plate 5.3: William Nash Bell House entr y. .............................................................................................5-4 Plate 5.4: William Nash Bell House entr y. .............................................................................................5-5 Plate 5.5: William Nash Bell House window detail. .............................................................................5-5 Plate 5.6: William Nash Bell House porch. ...........................................................................................5-6 Plate 5.7: William Nash Bell House north side elevation. ...................................................................5-7 Plate 5.8: William Nash Bell House rear ell. ..........................................................................................5-7 Plate 5.9: William Nash Bell House rear (east) elevation. ...................................................................5-7 Plate 5.10: William Nash Bell House rear ell. ..........................................................................................5-8 Plate 5.11: William Nash Bell House south side elevation. ...................................................................5-8 Plate 5.12: William Nash Bell House garage. ........................................................................................5-10 Plate 5.13: William Nash Bell House garage. ........................................................................................5-10 Plate 5.14: William Nash Bell House chicken house. ...........................................................................5-11 vi Plate 5.15: William Nash Bell House grape arbor. ...............................................................................5-11 Plate 5.16: William Nash Bell House barn. ............................................................................................5-14 Plate 5.17: William Nash Bell House barn. ............................................................................................5-14 Plate 5.18: William Nash Bell House barn interior...............................................................................5-14 Plate 6.1: George Ball House, setting. ....................................................................................................6-3 Plate 6.2: George Ball House façade. .....................................................................................................6-3 Plate 6.3: George Ball House north side elevation ...............................................................................6-3 Plate 6.4: George Ball House rear (east) elevation. ..............................................................................6-4 Plate 6.5: George Ball House south side elevation. ..............................................................................6-4 Plate 6.6: George Ball House garage. .....................................................................................................6-6 Plate 6.7: George Ball House shed #1 and above-ground pool. .......................................................6-6 Plate 6.8: George Ball House shed #2. ..................................................................................................6-6 Plate 7.1: Raymond Ball House, setting. ................................................................................................7-4 Plate 7.2: Raymond Ball House façade. ..................................................................................................7-4 Plate 7.3: Raymond Ball House north side elevation. ..........................................................................7-4 Plate 7.4: Raymond Ball House rear (east) elevation............................................................................7-5 Plate 7.5: Raymond Ball House south side elevation. ..........................................................................7-5 Plate 7.6: Raymond Ball House garage...................................................................................................7-6 Plate 7.7: Raymond Ball House shed. .....................................................................................................7-6 Plate 7.8: Raymond Ball House pump house. .......................................................................................7-7 Plate 7.9: Raymond Ball House grape arbor..........................................................................................7-7 Plate 8.1: Ball Brothers Farm, setting, ....................................................................................................8-3 Plate 8.2: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. .....................................................................8-5 Plate 8.3: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. .....................................................................8-5 Plate 8.4: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. .....................................................................8-5 Plate 8.5: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. .....................................................................8-6 vii TABLES: Table 1.1: Resources evaluated for the current undertaking. ...............................................................1-1 Table 4.1 Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal Information ...............................................................4-1 Table 5.1 William Nash Bell House Infor mation .................................................................................5-1 Table 6.1 George Ball House Information ............................................................................................6-1 Table 7.1 Raymond Ball House Information .......................................................................................7-1 Table 8.1 Ball Brothers Farm Information ...........................................................................................8-1 Plate 8.6: Ball Brothers Farm shed #3. ..................................................................................................8-6 Plate 8.7: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar with shed #3 behind it. ............................................8-9 Plate 8.8: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar. ......................................................................................8-9 Plate 8.9: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar. ......................................................................................8-9 Plate 8.10: Ball Brothers Farm shed #4. ................................................................................................8-11 Plate 8.11: Ball Brothers Farm outbuilding. ..........................................................................................8-11 Plate 8.12: Ball Brothers Farm field. .......................................................................................................8-11 1-1 1.0 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge No. 57 over Harlowe Creek on Ball Farm Road (SR 1391) in Carteret County, North Carolina (WBS# BP2.R005.1). The NCDOT Historic Architecture staff requested a Historic Architecture Survey Report for four individual resources and one potential historic district containing some or all of the individual resources. Richard Grubb & Associates, Inc. (RGA) prepared this Historic Architecture Survey Report with in-depth National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility evaluations for five resources. In August 2021, RGA conducted fieldwork and research to assess the NRHP eligibility of the five resources. Each resource was evaluated using the NRHP Criteria for Eligibility (Appendix A). As a result of this assessment, for the purposes of compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, RGA makes the following recommendations. Table 1.1: Resources evaluated for the current undertaking. Survey Site No. Name NRHP Recommendation CR0565/CV1338 Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal Eligible CR1208 William Nash Bell House Eligible CR1211 Raymond Ball House Not Individually Eligible CR1213 George Ball House Not Individually Eligible CR1450 Ball Brothers Farm Eligible NRHP – National Register of Historic Places 2-1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND METHODOLOGY The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge No. 57 over Harlowe Creek on Ball Farm Road (SR 1391) in Carteret County, North Carolina (WBS# BP2.R005.1). The NCDOT established an Area of Potential Effects (APE) pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.4(b) which consists of a rectangular area centered on the bridge measuring approximately 800 feet by 500 feet along Ball Farm Road (Figures 2.1 and 2.2). On July 13, 2021, the NCDOT Historic Architecture staff reviewed North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (HPO) quad maps, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, historic designations rosters, and indexes. Based on that review, five resources over fifty years of age were identified within the APE, including Bridge No. 57. Two of the resources, the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal (CR0565/CV1338) and the William Nash Bell House (CR1208), were previously included on the State Study List for properties potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Bridge No. 57 is not eligible for the NRHP based on the NCDOT Historic Bridge Survey. The NCDOT requested NRHP evaluations of the Canal, the Bell House, the George Ball House (CR1213), and the Raymond Ball House (CR1211) as well as a potential historic district containing some or all of those resources. Kisinger Campo & Associates (KCA) contracted with RGA to conduct an intensive-level survey of the five resources identified and to prepare a report assessing each property’s eligibility for the NRHP. RGA Senior Architectural Historian Debbie Bevin visited the project area on August 24 and 25, 2021. The exterior of each of the four individual resources was documented with written notes and digital photographs. Access to the interior of buildings was limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Denard Harris of Portside Marina in Morehead City transported RGA Senior Archaeologist Sean McHugh by boat up the length of the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal. This method of transportation enabled photography of the canal from the water. Property owners or occupants were interviewed when possible. David Cecelski, descendant of William Nash Bell and current owner of the William Nash Bell House, generously shared his research on his family and the history of the Harlowe community. Ms. Bevin conducted research at the Carteret County Historical Society’s Jack Goodwin Research Library in Morehead City and at the State Archives of North Carolina in Raleigh. Access to the HPO for research purposes was limited due to the pandemic. The HPO staff kindly collected records and reports for use in this report, including the existing survey files for the resources being evaluated. M. Ruth Little’s 2012 report on her comprehensive architectural survey of Carteret County provided valuable background information on the history and architecture of the county and identified comparable properties. Additional online research was conducted using the Carteret County Register of Deeds, Newspapers.com, and the archives of East Carolina University and North Carolina State University. The historical development, architecture, and cultural significance of the resources were assessed and evaluated within their respective historic contexts according to the established NRHP Criteria (Appendix A). The results of this intensive-level survey and NRHP evaluation are presented in this report. This report complies with the following regulations: the basic requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended; the Department of Transportation Act of 1966, as amended; the Department of Transportation regulations and procedures (23 CFR 771 and Technical Advisory T 6640.8A); the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation regulations on the Protection of Historic Properties (36 CFR 800); the NCDOT’s current Historic Architecture Group Procedures and Work Products, and the HPO’s Report Standards for Historic Structure Survey Reports/Determinations of Eligibility and Section 106/110 Compliance Reports in North Carolina. Ellen Turco, Principal Senior Historian, served as the Principal Investigator. Ms. Bevin conducted background research, fieldwork, and interviews, and served as report author. Ms. Turco and Ms. Bevin meet the professional qualifications standards of 36 CFR 61 set forth by the National Park Service (Appendix B). David Strohmeier produced the report graphics. Natalie Maher served as technical editor and formatted the report. 2-2 Figure 2.1: U.S.G.S. map showing the APE for Historic Architecture (1994 U.S.G.S. 7.5’ Quadrangles: Newport, NC and Core Creek, NC). 0 Feet 2000- APE CARTERET 2-3 Figure 2.2: Aerial map showing the APE for Historic Architecture (ESRI World Imagery 2021). N C 1 0 1 SR 13910 Feet 800- APE CARTERET 3-1 3.0 HISTORIC CONTEXT 3.1 The Geography, Formation, and Early History of Carteret County Carteret County lies on North Carolina’s Atlantic coast. It is bounded by Jones, Craven, and Pamlico Counties to the north and Onslow County to the west; its coastline is protected on the south and east by narrow barrier islands. The eastern half of the county, known locally as “Down East,” is a peninsula surrounded on three sides by water: the Neuse River, Pamlico Sound, and Core Sound. Numerous creeks emptying into rivers, bays, and sounds subdivide this part of the county into what architectural historian M. Ruth Little called an “archipelago, a cluster of islands separated by marshes and open water” (Little 2012: 9). Much of the western half of the county, west of the North River, is part of the Croatan National Forest. Prior to European settlement, the area that would become Carteret County was occupied by Native Americans, including the Hatteras, Coree, Neusioc, and Tuscarora tribes (Little 2012; Powell 2006). It is thought that Italian explorer Verrazano reached Cape Lookout in 1524, but the first European settlers in present-day Carteret County were the English who arrived in the early eighteenth century. The town of Beaufort was platted and named in 1713, making it one of the oldest towns in North Carolina (Figure 3.1). Carteret County was created in 1722 and named for Sir George Carteret (one of the eight Lords Proprietors). Beaufort, which boasted a safe and navigable harbor with access to the Atlantic through Topsail Inlet (now Beaufort Inlet), was named the county seat (Paul 1965) (Figures 3.2 and 3.3). The county’s early economy was primarily based on fishing, whaling, shipbuilding, timber, and naval stores, with agriculture playing a secondary role. The success of the port of Beaufort in terms of ocean-going commerce was hampered by its lack of direct access to the interior of the state. Other ports such as Wilmington, Bath, and Edenton were easily accessible by large rivers that could handle trade to and from the coast. As early as 1766, efforts were initiated to construct a canal connecting Harlowe and Clubfoot Creeks which would provide a direct link between the Newport and Neuse Rivers and therefore Beaufort and New Bern (see Sections 3.6 and 4.0). This route between Beaufort and New Bern would have significantly reduced the distance by water from New Bern to the Atlantic Ocean and would have allowed ships to avoid the treacherous Ocracoke Inlet (Figure 3.4). 3.2 History of Harlowe Township The community of Harlowe is located at the head of Harlowe Creek, which flows south into the Newport River approximately five miles northwest of Beaufort. Among its earliest settlers was William Borden, a Quaker from Newport, Rhode Island, who had extensive landholdings in the western part of Carteret County in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. A map of the Harlowe area hand drawn from memory by John Shoebridge Williams in 1864 depicts the Harlowe area around the turn of the nineteenth century (Figure 3.5). William Borden’s plantation is shown on the map between Borden’s Mill Pond and Harlowe Creek. The map also shows the canal connecting Clubfoot and Harlowe Creeks which had first been dug by hand in the late eighteenth century. Another early settler in Harlowe was James B. Bell, who owned land at the head of Harlowe Creek as early as 1733. James Bell’s descendants were prosperous farmers who built substantial dwellings in the area in the antebellum nineteenth century (Little 2012: 18). Harlowe lies in central Carteret County, which, together with the western mainland, includes the county’s most fertile agricultural land. In contrast with the maritime economies of the Down East and Outer Banks communities, farming was the principal source of prosperity in Harlowe in the nineteenth century. Rufus W. Bell, a grandson of James B. Bell, was a successful cotton planter in antebellum Harlowe. He owned 10 slaves, a cotton gin, a turpentine distillery, and a brick yard (Little 2012: 31-32). Rufus Bell’s circa-1850 one-and-one-half-story house survives on the west side of NC 101, as does a Greek Revival-style school, Harlowe’s Creek Academy (CR1243), which he built to educate his eleven children as well as other local children (Figure 3.6). 3-2 Figure 3.1: 1713 Plat of Beaufort, North Carolina, by Richard Graves (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). 3-3 Figure 3.2: Portion of 1737 “A New and Correct Map of the Province of North Carolina” based on surveys done by Col. Mosely (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). Project Area Beaufort 0 Miles 6- 3-4 Figure 3.3: Inset from Mosely’s 1737 map showing Topsail Inlet (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). 3-5 Figure 3.4: Portion of 1775 “An Accurate Map of North and South Carolina” based on surveys done by Henry Mouzon (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). Project Area 0 Miles 6- 3-6Figure 3.5: Sketch map of the Harlowe Area circa 1800, drawn by John Shoebridge Williams(published in The Williams History, 1921). 3-7 Figure 3.6: 1868 commencement program, Harlowe’s Creek Academy (on file at Jack Goodwin Research Library, Morehead City). 3-8 Harlowe continued to prosper after the Civil War. Goods and produce were transported to and from market either in shallow draft boats on the improved Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal or by wagon on the New Bern Road (now NC 101) (Little 2012: 59). According to business directories from the 1880s, Harlowe had four general stores, three building and contracting firms, two public gins, a cooperage, and two insurance agents. Twenty-four farmers were listed with Harlowe post office addresses (Branson 1884). During the first half of the twentieth century, farming remained the primary occupation for most Harlowe households. According to the 1920 Federal Census, there were eighty-two households in Harlowe, over three-quarters of which were headed by either farm owners, farm laborers, or tenant farmers (US Census 1920). Improvements to road networks in the 1920s and 1930s within Carteret County increased connectivity and made for greater ease of travel between Harlowe and the commercial centers of New Bern, Beaufort, and Morehead City. But the community remained largely agrarian until the establishment of the Cherry Point Marine Corps Air Station across the Craven County border in Havelock in 1942 offered new economic opportunity. Many Harlowe residents took jobs in and around the Marine Air Base, leaving the farming profession altogether and eventually settling away from Harlowe (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021). Harlowe today is a small rural community of approximately 1,500 residents. NC 101 and the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal parallel each other and run northwest to southeast through Harlowe, surrounded by cultivated cropland and forest on either side. Single-family residences are scattered through the community, most facing NC 101. 3.4 Residential Architecture in Carteret County (Adapted from A Comprehensive Architectural Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina’s Archipelago, Final Report by M. Ruth Little) At the conclusion of her 2012 comprehensive architectural survey of Carteret County, architectural historian Ruth Little noted that most of the man-made environment consists of small, frame twentieth-century dwellings, painted white, sitting close to the main roads, and older nineteenth- and perhaps a few eighteenth-century houses, also small, at the end of dirt lanes…Whether constructed in the 1700s, 1800s, or early 1900s, these dwellings are basically identical rectangular side-gable-roofed boxes, either one-and-one-half (known locally as ‘story-and-a-jump’) or two stories high, with a chimney at one end and a full porch across the long side sheltering the entrance (Little 2012: 13). On some early houses, the porch roof was integrated into the main front roof plane, creating a form known as a “Carolina Cottage.” Outside of Beaufort, which contains many stylish nineteenth-century houses, most rural dwellings incorporated minimal decorative detail. In Harlowe, there are at least six dwellings dating from the nineteenth century which survive, including three which are associated with the Bell family and which remain in Bell family hands today: the O.C. Bell House (CR0558), the Rufus Bell House (CR0555), and the William Nash Bell House (CR1208). The O.C. Bell House (Plate 3.1; Figure 3.7), also known as the Gideon Bell House, was built in the 1830s or 1840s on the site of a tavern operated by the Borden family in the 1810s to cater to boat traffic on the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal, which runs approximately 400 feet east of the present house. The two-and-one-half-story, side-gabled dwelling has been reoriented to face west, with its original double-tier front porch being replaced by a two-story wing in the late 1950s (Figure 3.8). Other alterations include a one-story north side addition incorporating a garage. The Rufus Bell House (Plate 3.2; Figure 3.9) is one of the earliest and most substantial “story-and-a-jump” houses in the county. It sits off the west side of NC 101, surrounded by cultivated fields, and is currently 3-9 Figure 3.7: 2011 photograph of O.C. Bell House, M. Ruth Little (on file at State Historic Preservation Office). Plate 3.1: O.C. Bell House. Note, from right-of-way; owner did not permit photography. Photo view: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 3-10 Figure 3.8: 1955 photograph of O.C. Bell House showing original double front portico facing east towards canal (Carteret County News Times, undated, on file at Jack Goodwin Research Library, Morehead City). 3-11 Figure 3.9: 2011 photograph of Rufus Bell House, M. Ruth Little (on file at State Historic Preservation Office). Plate 3.2: Rufus Bell House. Note, from right-of-way; owner did not permit photography. Photo view: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 3-12 used for farm storage. It retains its original weatherboards, nine-over-six window sash, and one brick chimney with paved shoulders. The William Nash Bell House (Plate 3.3; see Section 5.0) was built for one of Rufus Bell’s sons. Its framing suggests that it may incorporate an earlier house (David Cecelski personal communication 2021), but its overall form and finish is that of a mid-nineteenth-century house. The house was renovated and a rear kitchen wing was added in 1938 under the supervision of local Black builder Henderson Godette and his sons. The nearby Furman Taylor House (CR0610) was likely constructed around the same time as the Bell House, and was also a two-story, five-bay, side-gabled house. However, it has been heavily altered with two-story additions at each end, new windows and a new portico and has lost architectural integrity (Plate 3.4) These one-and-one-half and two-story vernacular house types endured into the first quarter of the twentieth century, when the nationally popular Craftsman style began to appear in Carteret County, particularly in the larger towns and cities. The earliest Craftsman bungalow recorded in the county is the circa-1919 George W. Dill, Sr., House (CR0856) in Morehead City (Plate 3.5). The 1930 Dr. Manley Mason House (CR1326) is one of several substantial bungalows which line Chatham Street in Newport (Plate 3.6). In Carteret County’s rural areas, however, full-blown Craftsman bungalows were rare. Brothers Raymond and George Ball’s twin 1927 bungalows at their farm on Ball Farm Road were uncommonly substantial and stylish for rural dwellings (Plate 3.7). More common were simplified, one-story, front-gable houses which incorporated some Craftsman stylistic features such as porches supported by battered posts on brick piers and windows with multi-light upper sashes. An example of a simplified bungalow is the 1941 William Rufus and Bessie Ward House in Harlowe (CR1075), also built by Henderson Godette (Plate 3.8). 3.5 Agriculture in Carteret County Much of Carteret County’s land is made up of swamps and marshes not conducive to farming. However, the area around Harlowe in central Carteret County was known in the nineteenth century to have soil which was “very rich and very productive when well drained” and was suited to the growing of cotton and corn (Branson 1884). Farmers such as William Borden and, later, Rufus Bell had extensive landholdings in the Harlowe area and became prosperous planters in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. According to the 1880 Federal census, the leading crops in Carteret County in terms of acreage were corn, cotton, sweet potatoes, wheat, and rice. Other cash crops grown successfully in the county included sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, and peanuts. The State of North Carolina established a Department of Agriculture in 1877, which was headed by commissioner Leonidas L. Polk, a leader in the agrarian movement both in North Carolina and nationwide. In a time of economic depression in the state following the Civil War, Polk championed farmers’ needs and concerns in the state legislature. He began publishing a weekly newspaper, the Progressive Farmer, in 1886 which promoted new crops and better methods of farming to its readership. At about the same time, the national Farmers Alliance was organizing local chapters throughout the state in an effort to improve economic conditions for farmers (Powell 1989: 423-25). The founding of the North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts (now North Carolina State University) in Raleigh in 1889 and the subsequent establishment of its Department of Agricultural Extension in 1909 meant that farmers statewide would have access to the latest in agricultural research, scientific farming, and home economics. The 1914 Smith-Lever Act created an educational partnership between land-grant colleges and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), which resulted in the establishment of the Cooperative Agricultural Extension Service (now the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service). As an integral part of the College’s mission, the Cooperative Extension Service provided outreach and practical agricultural instruction to farmers throughout the state (Powell 2006: 831-832) (Figure 3.10). Beginning in 1921, a farm extension agent assigned to Carteret County would hold demonstrations and conduct tests on topics such as seed varieties, crop rotation, optimal fertilizers, and best farming practices generally. The agent consulted individual farmers and organized programs for larger groups of farmers with similar needs. The 1925 3-13 Plate 3.3: William Nash Bell House. Photo view: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 3.4: Furman Taylor House. Photo view: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 3.5: George W. Dill, Sr., House, Morehead City. Photo view: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 25, 2021 3-14 Plate 3.6: Dr. Manley Mason House, Newport. Photo view: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 3.7: Raymond Ball House. Photo view: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 3.8: William Rufus and Bessie Ward House, Harlowe. Photo view: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 3-15 Figure 3.10: November 6, 1942, photograph of George Ball and Carteret County Farm Agent J.G. Lassiter discussing sweet potato harvest at the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 3-16 agent’s report noted that sweet potato farmers were losing approximately 30 percent of their crops by storing them in the field by means of “hilling or banking.” The agent advocated for the use of new sweet potato curing and storage houses, and may have supplied farmers with plans and specifications for the barns (Overstreet 1925). In the first quarter of the twentieth century in Carteret County, production of potatoes, sweet potatoes, and other truck crops steadily increased, while cotton, wheat, and rice production declined. In 1929, truck crops, vegetables such as sweet potatoes, watermelons, cabbage, snap beans, and tomatoes which were grown for sale, represented the largest segment of the county’s agricultural output (Perkins 1938). Throughout Carteret County’s history, its low elevation and copious groundwater meant that farmers needed a way to manage drainage and create favorable soil conditions for their crops. Farmers constructed networks of interconnected ditches which drained to nearby creeks, or in the Harlowe community, to the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal. The geometric patterns of regularly spaced ditches on Harlowe farms appear on both USGS topographic maps and aerial imagery (Figures 3.11 and 3.12). 3.6 Transportation in Carteret County From its colonial days onward, Carteret County’s geography posed challenges to efficient transportation networks. The majority of commerce was conducted by sailboat and was concentrated in the ports of Beaufort and Portsmouth. The county’s rivers and sounds functioned as what Ruth Little called “nineteenth century highways” (Little 2012: 24), and large sections of the county were inaccessible except by water. Ultimately, the commercial success of the port of Beaufort was hampered by its lack of direct access to the interior of the state. There were no navigable rivers linking it to inland markets, and “since it was located on a peninsula, the edges of which were dissected by many creeks and bays and the center of which was dominated by swampland, land transportation of bulky commodities between Beaufort and the interior was almost impossible” (Paul 1965: 84). The town of New Bern, the colonial capital of North Carolina and a leading port during the Colonial and early Federal periods, is located just thirty-five miles northwest of Beaufort. The merchants of New Bern conducted an extensive trade with ports along the Atlantic seaboard and the West Indies. But the route from New Bern to the Atlantic required a long sail down the Neuse to the Pamlico Sound and navigating the hazardous Ocracoke Inlet (Sandbeck 1988: xiv). As early as 1766, efforts were made to provide a more direct route from New Bern to the Atlantic via a canal which would join Clubfoot and Harlowe Creeks, reducing the distance and danger for ocean-going vessels significantly. The endeavor to build and improve this canal would continue for over a century through a series of public and private efforts before the federal government ultimately chose Adams Creek as the preferred route through Carteret County for the Intracoastal Waterway in the early twentieth century (Figure 3.13). In the 1850s, Carteret County was selected as the eastern terminus for the Atlantic and North Carolina Railroad, providing a viable overland commercial route for the first time. The railroad would terminate in Morehead City, which simultaneously developed its port facilities, giving it a competitive advantage over its neighbor Beaufort. Prior to the Good Roads Campaign of the early twentieth century, Carteret County’s road network was limited in its scope. Unpaved roads such as the old New Bern Road (now NC 101) connected rural mainland communities with market towns such as Beaufort and New Bern. A Beaufort-to-Atlantic highway plan was approved by the county commissioners in 1912, but it wasn’t until 1927 that the route was completed connecting the formerly isolated communities Down East. It appears as a hard surfaced road on a 1930 county road map (Figure 3.14). The map also shows NC 101, by then a hard-surfaced state highway, entering the county from just north of Harlowe and crossing the Clubfoot 3-17 and Harlowe Creek Canal before turning south again to Beaufort. NC 10, conceived in 1911 as the “Central Highway” stretching across the breadth of the state, enters the county north of Newport and continues through Morehead City to Beaufort. A reminiscence about early twentieth-century Harlowe that was published in 1962 in the Carteret County News Times (CNT) notes that “progress has come. Automobiles now take shoppers to New Bern and Beaufort over concrete highways in a fraction of an hour. Jet planes from the Cherry Point Marine base flit back and forth over the swamps. To the east, the Intracoastal waterway links [the] Newport and Neuse river[s], carrying inland traffic from New York to Miami” (CNT 1962). 3-18 Figure 3.11: 1951 U.S.G.S. map showing drainage ditches on farms (1951 U.S.G.S. 7.5’ Quadrangles: Newport, NC and Core Creek, NC). 0 Feet 2300- APE Ball FarmDrainage Ditch Network CARTERET 3-19 Figure 3.12: 1953 aerial imagery of Harlowe showing drainage ditches on farms (US Department of Agriculture). 0 Feet 1700- APE Ball FarmDrainage Ditch Network CARTERET 3-20 Figure 3.13: 1913 map of Atlantic Intra-coastal Waterway (Scientific American Vol 109, No 10). Adams Creek Clubfoot andHarlowe Creek Canal 3-21 Figure 3.14: 1930 Carteret County Road Map (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). 4-1 4.0 NRHP EVALUATION OF THE CLUBFOOT AND HARLOWE CREEK CANAL (CR0565/CV1338) Table 4.1 Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal Information 4.1 Setting The Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal (Figure 4.1) lies in central Carteret County and extends into Craven County at its north end. It is an approximately three-mile-long, man-made waterway connecting Clubfoot Creek, which flows north to the Neuse River, and Harlowe Creek, which flows south to the Newport River. Highway 101 runs roughly parallel to the canal approximately one-thousand feet to the west. The majority of land bordering the canal is either cultivated or forested, with a few residential parcels abutting it. 4.2 Description The canal is approximately three miles in length (Plates 4.1-4.10). The canal structure is prism-shaped, being wider at its surface than it is at the bottom. Its surface width varies from approximately 25 feet in the straight section between Adams Creek and Ball Farm Roads, to as much as 50 or 60 feet as it nears the headwaters of the two creeks. Its depth varies as well but is only four to five feet at its deepest point for much of its length. The precise dimensions of the prism vary throughout the length of the canal and are changeable based on silt build-up and periodic dredging which is necessary to maintain water flow. The canal is crossed by three bridges: on Adams Creek Road at its northern end, on Ball Farm Road near its center (in the APE), and on NC 101 as the highway makes an eastward turn near the southern end of the canal. The banks of the canal are largely overgrown with brush and trees. Several private wooden docks project from the banks of the canal in the section between Adams Creek Road and Ball Farm Road. 4.3 History The desire to create a shortcut between the Neuse and Newport Rivers predated European settlement in the area. According to local tradition, Native Americans would portage their canoes overland across the three miles that separate Clubfoot and Harlowe Creeks. In 1766, the Colonial General Assembly passed “An Act For Joining the Navigation of Old Topsail Inlet to Neuse River by Cutting a Navigable Canal from the Head of Harlow’s Creek to Clubfoot’s Creek” (Harlowe was sometimes spelled without an “e” at the end in early documents). Commissioners were appointed and empowered to lay out and construct the canal, receive subscriptions, and oversee the canal’s operations. However, little if any actual construction took place immediately. Subsequent acts in 1783 and 1795 addressed the issuance of stock, the collection of tolls, and the taking of land for the project (Hinshaw 1948: 8-9). Construction of the canal was largely the work of enslaved Africans and African Americans. Historian David Cecelski, whose family homeplace abuts the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal, describes canal building as “the cruelest, most dangerous, unhealthy, and exhausting labor in the American Resource Name Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal HPO Survey Site No. CR0565/CV1338 Location From Clubfoot Creek in Craven County to Harlowe Creek in Carteret County PIN NA Period of Significance Circa 1800 to 1911 Recommendation Eligible under Criterion A 4-2 Figure 4.1: Aerial map of the Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek Canal (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 2000- APE Clubfoot andHarlowe Creek Canal(CR0565/CV1338) Clubfoot Creek Harlowe Creek N C 1 0 1 B a l l F a rm R d CARTERET 4-3 Plate 4.1: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the NC 101 bridge. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 4.2: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the NC 101 bridge. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 4.3: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal approaching the Ball Farm Road bridge. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Sean McHugh Date: August 25, 2021 4-4 Plate 4.4: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Ball Farm Road bridge. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 4.5: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Ball Farm Road bridge. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 4.6: Private dock on Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Sean McHugh Date: August 25, 2021 4-5 Plate 4.7: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal between Ball Farm and Adams Creek Roads. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Sean McHugh Date: August 25, 2021 Plate 4.8: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal approaching the Adams Creek Road bridge. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Sean McHugh Date: August 25, 2021 4-6 Plate 4.9: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Adams Creek Road bridge. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 4.10: Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal from the Adams Creek Road bridge. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 4-7 South” (Cecelski 2001: 109). Enslaved laborers would first have to clear the canal’s route, cutting through deep brush, vines, and tree roots, before excavating the ditch by hand, often working in waist-deep water (Cecelski 2019). Canal construction proceeded slowly in the early nineteenth century until 1819 when the canal came under the authority of North Carolina’s new Board of Internal Improvements. Hamilton Fulton, a state engineer, surveyed the canal route and estimated that its completion, together with construction of a lock, would necessitate an expenditure of $25,000. Fulton’s report recommended that the canal be four feet deep, fourteen feet wide at the bottom, with a slope of one-and-a-half feet horizontal to one foot perpendicular, making the surface width twenty-six feet. These dimensions were considered sufficient to allow the passage of vessels from seventy to eighty feet in length, fourteen feet in width, drawing three feet-six inches of water, and carrying a cargo of thirty or forty tons (Sandbeck 1988: 32). By 1827, the canal’s construction was complete, and the route was passable by small steamboats (Figure 4.2). But the canal was frequently plagued by cave-ins and silting up at its entrances. By 1832, the Board of Internal Improvements seems to have lost confidence in the project and its suitability as a permanent water connection between New Bern and Beaufort (Hinshaw 1948:14). Frustration over the canal’s lack of success led to further efforts in the late nineteenth century to reorganize and improve the waterway. In 1883, the canal came under the management of the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal Company, which renamed it the New Berne and Beaufort Canal (Figure 4.3). The canal was “of especial interest to the trade and industries of New Berne, for, if properly availed of…will bring to our doors large volumes of business that has not hitherto sought this port, and give us the handling of the rich products of sections which heretofore found a market at Wilmington” (The Daily Journal [TDJ] 1883). By 1885, canal improvement was still “the crying need of the hour.” Local businessmen advocated for federal funding for the project and accused Congress of neglect and contempt due to their “aversion to making appropriations for mere creeks” (TDJ 1885). Ultimately, their efforts were unsuccessful as the canal was passed over by the federal government in 1911 when it selected Adams Creek, several miles to the east of the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal, as part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway system. Despite the canal’s failure to reach its hoped-for success as a major commercial route, it nevertheless functioned as a significant transportation facility in nineteenth-century Harlowe, which depended upon the canal for much of its contact with the outside world. There was adequate traffic on the canal to support a number of antebellum business ventures in Harlowe, including stagecoach stops, a tavern, and several brick yards. Boats took farm produce from Harlowe to New Bern and Beaufort, where it was sold, and where goods needed locally could be purchased. Both sailboats and small steamboats were able to traverse the canal (Figures 4.4 and 4.5). In the twentieth century, gas powered freight boats including the Harlowe and the Reno were used to transport loads of potatoes from Harlowe to New Bern (Greensboro Daily News 1918). A newspaper reminiscence from 1962 about early twentieth-century Harlowe described “the romance of a day in New Bern,” when a freight boat “shoved off from her dock for the leisurely putt-putt out of Clubfoot Creek and up the Neuse River…The return trip from New Bern, with the boat loaded with all manner of things, from barrels of molasses to bags of guano, was made the same day.” The canal also provided a means of social movement between isolated communities in the days before improved roads. Residents recalled “when boats from New Bern and Beaufort and Morehead City were tied up for a quarter of a mile along each side of the canal” for the annual July picnic at Harlowe Methodist Church (CNT 1962). 4-8 Figure 4.2: Portion of 1833 map of the State of North Carolina by John Mac Rae (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). 0 Miles 8- Clubfoot Creek andHarlowe Creek Canal 4-9 Figure 4.3: 1891 map of Inland Water-Way between Beaufort and New Berne, North Carolina (North Carolina Maps Digital Collection). 4-10 Figure 4.4: Unattributed illustration, circa 1870s-1880s, of a sailboat on the Harlowe Canal (courtesy of David Cecelski). 4-11 Figure 4.5: 1898 photograph of the steamboat Tarboro on the Tar River. Similar steamboats used the Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek Canal (Edgecombe County Memorial Library). 4-12 4.4 Integrity In order to be individually eligible for the NRHP, a property must possess several, and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, the property must possess significance under at least one of the four NRHP evaluation criteria. The Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal remains on its original alignment connecting Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek. The canal retains its overall form and design achieved through multiple building and rebuilding campaigns in the nineteenth century. The precise dimensions of its prism are constantly changing due to natural factors such as tides and runoff. In addition, periodic dredging is necessary for the ongoing maintenance and preservation of a man-made waterway. These changes to the prism are characteristic of canals and do not detract from their integrity. The canal’s banks are lined with trees and vegetation which is similar to what lined the canal originally. As a still-functioning waterway, it retains integrity of feeling and association. 4.5 NRHP Evaluation Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A if they are associated with a significant event or pattern of events that have made contributions to history at the local, state, or national level (see Appendix A). The Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal is a historic water transportation route conceived in the eighteenth century and built and improved in multiple stages throughout the nineteenth century. It has statewide significance as a planned commercial shipping route intended to provide direct access between the Atlantic Ocean and inland trading centers. Similarly sized man-made waterways in eastern North Carolina such as the 1787 Somerset Canal and the 1814 Bonarva Canal (Figure 4.6), both part of the NRHP-eligible Somerset Place Rural Historic District (TY0203) in Tyrrell County, were constructed as part of an elaborate drainage system which transformed the wetlands around Lake Phelps into viable farmland. Their function as transportation routes was secondary to their role in supporting agriculture (Patrick 2021). Other canals expressly designed to facilitate commercial transportation include the much larger Dismal Swamp (CM0008) and Albemarle and Chesapeake Canals, both of which are now part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway system. While the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal never achieved success as a major commercial shipping route, it nevertheless represents a significant effort to facilitate trade between North Carolina’s coast and interior. The canal also has local significance as an important link between Beaufort and New Bern, providing Harlowe area farmers and merchants with access to goods and markets in the region and a means for traveling between them. Therefore, the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal is recommended eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A in the areas of transportation and commerce. Its period of significance is recommended to be circa 1800-1911, from its initial construction until the designation of Adams Creek as the preferred route for the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B if they are associated with persons of significance within the community, state, or national historic contexts (see Appendix A). While numerous prominent people advocated for the canal and oversaw its construction and operation, no individual of transcendent importance to local, state, or national historic contexts is known to be associated with it. Therefore, the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value (see Appendix A). The canal was constructed and improved through numerous building campaigns from the late eighteenth to late nineteenth centuries. Since it was not conceived and constructed at one time, but rather in multiple campaigns over a century, it lacks distinctive characteristics as an engineering structure. Therefore, the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C. 4-13 Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D if they have the potential to yield information significant to human history or prehistory (see Appendix A). There are no above-ground resources associated with the canal which are likely to yield new information about the construction of canals. The archaeological potential of the area will be assessed separately. 4.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation The recommended NRHP boundary for the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal runs the length of the approximately three-mile distance between the headwaters of Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek (Figure 4.7). The recommended boundary includes the variable width of the waterway plus its banks, excluding private property on either side. This is the appropriate boundary because it encompasses both the historic and current limits of the canal. 4-14 Figure 4.6: Bonarva Canal facing north from Bridge No. 27 on South Fork Creek Road, Creswell, North Carolina (NCDOT Division 1 2021). 4-15 Figure 4.7: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the Clubfoot Creek and Harlowe Creek Canal (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 2000- Clubfoot andHarlowe Creek Canal(CR0565/CV1338)Recommended National RegisterBoundary Clubfoot Creek Harlowe Creek N C 1 0 1 B a l l F a rm R d CARTERET 5-1 5.0 NRHP EVALUATION OF THE WILLIAM NASH BELL HOUSE (CR1208) Table 5.1 William Nash Bell House Information 5.1 Setting The William Nash Bell House (Figure 5.1; Plate 5.1) sits facing west towards NC 101 on a 17.6-acre parcel which extends on both sides of the highway. The portion of the parcel which lies on the east side of the road contains the house and a small collection of domestic and agricultural outbuildings in a yard landscaped with large cedars and magnolias, azaleas, camellias, and crepe myrtles. The house is nestled in dense shrubbery that makes it difficult to photograph its façade. North, east, and south of the house and yard are fields currently planted with cotton. The portion of the parcel on the west side of NC 101 is forested. 5.2 Description William Nash Bell House, circa 1850; 1938 The William Nash Bell House is an antebellum nineteenth-century, two-story, side-gabled, center-hall-plan house with a circa-1938 one-story rear kitchen wing (Plates 5.2-5.11). The house is sheathed with original wood weatherboards on its front (west) elevation and asbestos on its side and rear elevations. The house rests on a brick pier foundation infilled with concrete blocks on the main body of the house and latticed brick under the porch. It has an original interior brick chimney at the north end and a stuccoed exterior chimney on the south end which was rebuilt following a 1933 hurricane. The roof is clad with standing seam metal and incorporates a decorative front gable over the center bay of the façade which was likely added in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. A one-story hipped-roof screened porch spans the five-bay façade. The porch retains its original tongue and groove floor and ceiling. A Greek Revival-style entry with sidelights over Italianate panels and a four-light transom is centered on the façade. The half-glazed entry door dates to 1938, as do the three-over-one Craftsman-style windows found throughout the house. The side (north and south) elevations contain two three-over-one windows at each level. The one-story wing projects from the north end of the five-bay rear (east) elevation. Its gable roof is sheathed with standing seam metal and has a brick chimney flue with arched cap rising from its peak. The wing is lit by two three-over-one windows on its north elevation and small paired six-over-six windows on its rear (east) elevation. A porch, now enclosed with screens, runs along the south elevation of the wing and is accessed by a set of concrete stairs with a metal handrail. The interior of the house was not accessible, but, according to Ruth Little’s 2012 survey file, features a curved staircase in the center passage, plaster walls, original four-panel doors, and several original mantels with simple pilastered designs. Some of the interior finish reflects the house’s 1938 remodeling (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021). Resource Name William Nash Bell House HPO Survey Site No. CR1208 Location 4846 Highway 101 PIN 647004522434000, 647004523542000 Period of Significance Ca. 1850; 1938 Recommendation Eligible under Criterion C 5-2 Figure 5.1: Aerial map showing the William Nash Bell House (ESRI World Imagery). 0 Feet 200- APE William Nash Bell House(CR1208) Barn Garage Grape Arbor Chicken House N C 1 0 1 C l u b f o o t a n d H a r l ow e C r e e k C a n a lBall Farm Rd CARTERET 5-3 Plate 5.1: William Nash Bell House, setting. Photo View: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.2: William Nash Bell House façade. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-4 Plate 5.3: William Nash Bell House entry. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-5 Plate 5.4: William Nash Bell House entry. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.5: William Nash Bell House window detail. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-6 Plate 5.6: William Nash Bell House porch. Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-7 Plate 5.7: William Nash Bell House north side elevation. Photo View: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.8: William Nash Bell House rear ell. Photo View: Southwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.9: William Nash Bell House rear (east) elevation. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-8 Plate 5.10: William Nash Bell House rear ell. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.11: William Nash Bell House south side elevation. Photo View: Northeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-9 Garage, circa 1938 Behind the house to the southeast is a frame, gable-front garage with paired batten doors (Plates 5.12-5.13). It is sheathed with wood weatherboard siding and rests on a continuous brick foundation. Its gabled roof has exposed rafter tails on the north and south elevations and is clad with standing seam metal. There is a single six-over-six double hung window on the south elevation. Chicken House, circa 1938 At the rear of the parcel directly east of the house is an overgrown and deteriorated chicken house. It has vertical wood siding, a batten door, and a metal roof (Plate 5.14). Grape Arbor, circa 1920 In the rear yard is a large muscadine grape arbor with cedar posts and metal rails (Plate 5.15). Barn, circa 1938 In the northeast corner of the yard sits a barn which is attributed to builder Henderson Godette. It is a two-story, front-gable structure with an open equipment bay on the west side of its main (south) elevation. Above that bay is an opening to the hayloft. There are square window openings at both levels on the east side of the main elevation. There is a second opening on the west side elevation with paired batten doors (Plates 5.16-5.18). 5.3 History William Nash Bell (1848-1907), known as Nash, was one of Rufus W. Bell’s eleven children and was raised at the family “homeplace,” which was located about a half-mile south on the opposite side of New Bern Road (now NC 101). Rufus Bell had extensive landholdings in the area and gave sons James and Nash adjacent parcels of land on the west side of the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal in the late nineteenth century. According to oral tradition, the house may have been moved from the west bank of Adams Creek by water to its current site. No evidence has been found to support that claim. Architectural historian Peter Sandbeck, an expert on the historic architecture of neighboring Craven County, examined the house and found evidence in its framing that may date it to as early as the 1790s (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021). Its substantial construction and late Greek Revival-Italianate decorative details suggest a construction date in the 1850s, perhaps having incorporated part of an earlier house. If the house was not moved, it is reasonable to assume that the property given to Nash Bell in adulthood already contained the present house. Nash Bell had two families with two different women. He had a long-term relationship with a Black woman named Nancy George, who was a midwife from Craven Corner across the Craven County border from Harlowe. Her family had been free landowners on the east side of Clubfoot Creek since at least the 1740s. Nash Bell and Nancy George had three children: twin boys and a girl. Their son Henderson Godette (1889-1974) became a master carpenter and successful builder who was responsible for the design and construction of many buildings in the county. Nash later married Lula Hardesty, and they had six children who survived beyond infancy, including David W. Bell, who would inherit the William Nash Bell House twenty years after his father’s death (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021; Carteret County Register of Deeds [CCRD] 1926 151:357). Nash’s two families were friendly, and Henderson and David (half-brothers) would remain close their entire lives. They shared farm equipment and mules and were known to look alike. When David died suddenly in 1937, Henderson arrived at the Bell House with his sons, who each specialized in a different building trade, to undertake a complete interior and exterior renovation. As part of the renovation, the Godettes added the house’s rear wing which incorporated an indoor kitchen for the first time . The house’s windows were replaced with then-stylish Craftsman sashes, and a new metal roof was put on the house. His work was a gift to David’s widow Vera. Henderson had received little formal schooling and could not read or write, but he directed his sons in the details of construction, 5-10 Plate 5.12: William Nash Bell House garage. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.13: William Nash Bell House garage. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-11 Plate 5.14: William Nash Bell House chicken house. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.15: William Nash Bell House grape arbor. Photo View: Northeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-12 specifying measurements and material quantities with great precision. Godette and his sons are also thought to be responsible for construction of the barn, chicken house, and garage on the property. Current owner David Cecelski remembers the Godettes coming by to make repairs regularly when he visited his grandmother Vera as a child (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021). 5.4 Integrity In order to be individually eligible for the NRHP, a property must possess several, and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, the property must possess significance under at least one of the four NRHP evaluation criteria. The William Nash Bell House sits at its original location and its rural, agrarian setting is relatively unchanged. It has remained in family hands since the mid-nineteenth century, giving the property integrity of location, setting, feeling, and association. The house retains a high degree of integrity of design, materials, and workmanship both from its mid-nineteenth-century construction and its 1938 renovation. In addition, several domestic and agricultural outbuildings surround the house with little change since the 1930s. The house and outbuildings are set in a landscaped yard that is surrounded by cultivated farmland on three sides. 5.5 NRHP Evaluation Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A if they are associated with a significant event or pattern of events that have made contributions to history at the local, state, or national level (see Appendix A). The William Nash Bell House was one of a number of houses belonging to members of a prosperous local farming family. It is not known to be associated with a significant event or pattern of events that made significant contributions to history at the local, state, or national level. Therefore, the William Nash Bell House is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B if they are associated with persons of significance within the community, state, or national historic contexts (see Appendix A). William Nash Bell was a member of the locally prominent Bell family who were prosperous farmers in Harlowe during the nineteenth century. However, neither he nor members of his family were known to be of transcendent importance to local, state, or national historic contexts. Therefore, the William Nash Bell House is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value (see Appendix A). The William Nash Bell House is locally significant as one of the most intact nineteenth-century houses associated with the Bell family in the Harlowe area. It retains a higher degree of integrity than the two other two-story, five-bay, side-gabled houses of the same period, the O.C. Bell House and the Furman Taylor House. It also is significant for its renovation in 1938 by Black builder Henderson Godette, who was half-brother to the owner at the time. Godette was a prolific builder throughout Carteret and Craven Counties, and the wing he added to the Bell House exemplifies the simple Craftsman design which characterized his work. Therefore, the William Nash Bell House is recommended eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C in the area of architecture. Its period of significance is recommended to be circa 1850, its initial construction date, and 1938, the date of its renovation by Henderson Godette. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D if they have the potential to yield information significant to human history or prehistory (see Appendix A). It is unlikely that the William Nash Bell House would yield any unretrieved data not discoverable through informant interviews and documentary sources. Therefore, the William Nash Bell House is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D. 5-13 5.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation The recommended NRHP boundary for the William Nash Bell House includes the 4.73-acre portion of its parcel which is located on the east side of NC 101, and the 11.2-acre parcel which adjoins it on the northeast. Both parcels are originally associated with the house and remain under family ownership. The recommended boundary includes the main house and associated outbuildings and provides an appropriate visual setting for the house. The recommended NRHP boundary is bounded by the centerline of NC 101 on the west, the centerline of Ball Farm Road on the north, the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal on the east, and an adjacent parcel on the south (Figure 5.2). 5-14 Plate 5.16: William Nash Bell House barn. Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.17: William Nash Bell House barn. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 5.18: William Nash Bell House barn interior. Photo View: Northeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 5-15 Figure 5.2: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the William Nash Bell House (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 250- William Nash Bell House(CR1208)Recommended National RegisterBoundary N C 1 0 1 Ball Farm Rd C l u b f o o t a n d H a r l ow e C r e e k C a n a l CARTERET 6-1 6.0 NRHP EVALUATION OF THE GEORGE BALL HOUSE (CR1213) Table 6.1 George Ball House Information 6.1 Setting The George Ball House is located at 210 Ball Farm Road just east of the bridge carrying Ball Farm Road over the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal (Figure 6.1; Plate 6.1). The house sits on a 2.7-acre parcel which is bisected by Ball Farm Road. The house faces west and is sheltered by several pecan trees. An assortment of modern storage buildings and sheds is located behind the house. The original garage and pump house recorded by Ruth Little in 2011 are no longer extant. The land surrounding the house parcel is actively farmed. 6.2 Description George Ball House, 1927, 1974, circa 2012 The George Ball House is a one-and-one-half-story Craftsman bungalow (Plates 6.2-6.5). It has a side-gable roofline with pedimented gable ends and a gabled front dormer with three sash windows sheltered by a metal awning. An attached shed-roofed front porch is supported by paired wooden posts on stuccoed brick piers which are spanned by a turned wooden balustrade. The porch originally incorporated a south side porte cochere. In 1974 a one-story gabled wing was added to the south end of the house and the porte cochere was enclosed for additional interior living space. The house is now clad with vinyl siding and has an asphalt shingle roof. The house’s original four-over-one double-hung sash windows were replaced with six-over-six vinyl double-hung sash windows after 2012. On the front (west) elevation, paired vinyl replacement windows flank the central doorway, and a paired vinyl window unit lights the added room on the south end. On the rear (east) elevation, an original shed dormer contains three single replacement window units. An original hip-roofed wing which projected from the north end of the rear (east) elevation was expanded and altered with new fenestration circa 2012. A wood deck was added at the same time. The interior was not accessed. Garage, circa 2011 This large, one-and-one-half-story, front-gable garage was built circa 2011 and is located south of the house (Plate 6.6). It is clad with vinyl siding and has a metal roof. On its front (west) elevation are two roll-up garage doors and a single pedestrian entry. Two double-hung windows light the upper half-story. On the south side elevation is a row of windows just below the eaves. A large metal equipment shelter is located behind the garage. Shed #1, circa 2016 This partially enclosed shed is located where the original hip-roofed garage was located (Plate 6.7). The original garage was demolished circa 2016. Above-ground pool, circa 2016 An above-ground pool is located behind Shed #1 (Plate 6.7). Resource Name George Ball House HPO Survey Site No. CR1213 Location 210 Ball Farm Road PIN 647004536388000 Date(s) of Construction 1927; 1974; ca. 2012 Recommendation Not Individually Eligible 6-2 Figure 6.1: Aerial map showing the George Ball House (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 200- APE George Ball House(CR1213) Shed #2 Shed #1 Garage Above Ground Pool Ball Farm Rd B a l l F a rm R d CARTERET 6-3 Plate 6.1: George Ball House, setting. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 6.2: George Ball House façade. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 6.3: George Ball House north side elevation Photo View: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 6-4 Plate 6.4: George Ball House rear (east) elevation. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 6.5: George Ball House south side elevation. Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 6-5 Shed #2, circa 2019 This circa 2019 prefabricated gambrel-roofed shed has an attached enclosed addition on the west side. The shed sits in the fenced north side yard of the house and functions as an animal shelter (Plate 6.8). 6.3 History The George Ball House is one of two identical Craftsman Bungalows built in 1927 by brothers George and Raymond Ball on land they had been farming together since 1917 (see Section 8.3). 6.4 Integrity In order to be individually eligible for the NRHP, a property must possess several, and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, the property must possess significance under at least one of the four NRHP evaluation criteria. The George Ball House remains at its original location and its setting and feeling, surrounded by actively farmed fields, and is relatively unchanged since its construction in 1927. Its bungalow form and overall design is still evident. However, the house has undergone numerous exterior material alterations, including replaced siding, windows, and roof, as well as side and rear additions, that have diminished its integrity of materials and workmanship. In addition, its original garage and pump house are no longer extant. 6.5 NRHP Evaluation See Section 8.5 for evaluation of the George Ball House as part of the Ball Brothers Farm. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A if they are associated with a significant event or pattern of events that have made contributions to history at the local, state, or national level (see Appendix A). As a stand-alone resource, the George Ball House is not known to be associated with a significant event or pattern of events that made significant contributions to history at the local, state, or national level. Therefore, the George Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B if they are associated with persons of significance within the community, state, or national historic contexts (see Appendix A). While George Ball was a successful progressive farmer, he is not known to be of transcendent importance to local, state, or national historic contexts. Therefore, the George Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value (see Appendix A). While substantial Craftsman bungalows were uncommon in rural Carteret County, the George Ball House is heavily altered with rear (east) and south side additions and replacement siding and windows, and lacks the requisite integrity of design, materials, and workmanship to convey its architectural significance. Therefore, the George Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D if they have the potential to yield information significant to human history or prehistory (see Appendix A). It is unlikely that the George Ball House would yield any unretrieved data not discoverable through informant interviews and documentary sources. Therefore, the George Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D. 6-6 Plate 6.6: George Ball House garage. Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 6.7: George Ball House shed #1 and above-ground pool. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 6.8: George Ball House shed #2. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 7-1 7.0 NRHP EVALUATION OF THE RAYMOND BALL HOUSE (CR1211) Table 7.1 Raymond Ball House Information 7.1 Setting The Raymond Ball House is located at 248 Ball Farm Road approximately 500 feet north of the George Ball House (Figure 7.1; Plate 7.1). The house sits on a .62-acre parcel. The house faces west and is sheltered by several pecan trees. An original garage is located behind the house to the east. The land surrounding the house parcel is actively farmed. 7.2 Description Raymond Ball House, 1927 The Raymond Ball House is a one-and-one-half-story Craftsman bungalow (Plates 7.2-7.5). It has a side-gable roofline with pedimented gable ends and a gabled front dormer with three sash windows sheltered by a metal awning. An attached shed-roofed front porch incorporates a south side porte cochere. The porch, which is enclosed with screens, is supported by paired wooden posts on stuccoed brick piers. The porte cochere is supported by single round columns on brick piers. The house is clad with asbestos siding and has a new metal roof. The house’s original four-over-one double-hung sash windows have been replaced with vinyl window sashes of the same configuration. Both the roof and windows were replaced following damage to the house during Hurricane Florence in 2018. On the front (west) elevation, paired vinyl replacement windows flank the central doorway. On the rear (east) elevation, an original shed dormer contains three single replacement window units. An original rear wing extends to the east and provides access on its south side through a replacement door. On the south side elevation of the house is an original bay window. The interior was not accessed. Garage, 1927 Behind the house to the east is the original two-car hip-roofed garage (Plate 7.6). It retains its original wood weatherboard siding on three sides, but the front (west) elevation has been sheathed with vinyl and contains two modern roll-up garage doors. The garage has a new metal roof. Shed, circa 2015 Immediately adjacent to the garage is a circa-2015 front-gabled equipment shed which is clad with vinyl siding (Plate 7.7). Pump House, 1927 North of the house at the edge of the yard is an original brick pump house with exposed rafter tails (Plate 7.8). Grape Arbor, 1927 Behind the garage and shed is a massive, metal muscadine grape arbor (Plate 7.9). Resource Name Raymond Ball House HPO Survey Site No. CR1211 Location 248 Ball Farm Road PIN 647004534714000 Date(s) of Construction 1927; ca. 2020 Recommendation Not Individually Eligible 7-2 7.3 History The Raymond Ball House is one of two identical Craftsman Bungalows built in 1927 by brothers George and Raymond Ball on land they had been farming together since 1917 (see Section 8.3). 7.4 Integrity In order to be individually eligible for the NRHP, a property must possess several, and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, the property must possess significance under at least one of the four NRHP evaluation criteria. The Raymond Ball House remains at its original location and its setting and feeling, surrounded by actively farmed fields, and is relatively unchanged since its construction in 1927. It’s bungalow form and overall design is still evident. However, the house has undergone numerous exterior material alterations, including replaced siding, windows, and roof, that have diminished its integrity of materials and workmanship. 7.5 NRHP Evaluation See Section 8.5 for evaluation of the Raymond Ball House as part of the Ball Brothers Farm. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A if they are associated with a significant event or pattern of events that have made contributions to history at the local, state, or national level (see Appendix A). As a stand-alone resource, the Raymond Ball House is not known to be associated with a significant event or pattern of events that made significant contributions to history at the local, state, or national level. Therefore, the Raymond Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B if they are associated with persons of significance within the community, state, or national historic contexts (see Appendix A). While Raymond Ball was a successful progressive farmer, he is not known to be of transcendent importance to local, state, or national historic contexts. Therefore, the Raymond Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value (see Appendix A). While substantial Craftsman bungalows were rare in rural Carteret County, the Raymond Ball House is heavily altered and lacks the requisite integrity of design, materials, and workmanship to convey its architectural significance. Therefore, the Raymond Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D if they have the potential to yield information significant to human history or prehistory (see Appendix A). It is unlikely that the Raymond Ball House would yield any unretrieved data not discoverable through informant interviews and documentary sources. Therefore, the Raymond Ball House is recommended not individually eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D. 7-3 Figure 7.1: Aerial map showing the Raymond Ball House (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 200- APE B a l l F a rm R d Raymond Ball House(CR1211) Pump House Garage Grape Arbor CARTERET 7-4 Plate 7.1: Raymond Ball House, setting. Photo View: Northeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 7.2: Raymond Ball House façade. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 7.3: Raymond Ball House north side elevation. Photo View: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 7-5 Plate 7.4: Raymond Ball House rear (east) elevation. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 7.5: Raymond Ball House south side elevation. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 7-6 Plate 7.6: Raymond Ball House garage. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 7.7: Raymond Ball House shed. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 7-7 Plate 7.8: Raymond Ball House pump house. Photo View: Northeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 7.9: Raymond Ball House grape arbor. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-1 8.0 NRHP EVALUATION OF THE BALL BROTHERS FARM (CR1450) Table 8.1 Ball Brothers Farm Information Resource Name Ball Brothers Farm HPO Survey Site No. CR1450 Location Ball Farm Road PIN 647004534714000; 647004536388000; portions of other parcels Period of Significance 1917-1955 Recommendation Eligible under Criterion A 8.1 Setting The Ball Brothers Farm is located on the east side of Ball Farm Road (Figure 8.1; Plate 8.1). The farm is comprised of the George Ball House and the Raymond Ball House, which occupy two residential lots fronting Ball Farm Road, a collection of historic and new domestic and agricultural outbuildings, and several additional parcels of cultivated farmland surrounding them, totaling approximately 300 acres. 8.2 Description The Ball Brothers Farm consists of the two Ball houses and their associated domestic outbuildings (see Sections 6.0 and 7.0), plus additional outbuildings and agricultural landscape features associated with the Ball Brothers farming operation. George Ball House, 1927, 1974, circa 2012 The George Ball House is a one-and-one-half-story Craftsman bungalow (see Section 6.0 and Plates 6.2-6.5). It has a side-gable roofline with pedimented gable ends and a gabled front dormer with three sash windows sheltered by a metal awning. An attached shed-roofed front porch is supported by paired wooden posts on stuccoed brick piers which are spanned by a turned wooden balustrade. The porch originally incorporated a south-side porte cochere. In 1974, a one-story gabled wing was added to the south end of the house and the porte cochere was enclosed for additional interior living space. The house is clad with vinyl siding and has an asphalt shingle roof. The house’s original four-over-one double-hung sash windows were replaced with six-over-six vinyl double-hung sash windows after 2012. On the front (west) elevation, paired vinyl replacement windows flank the central doorway and a paired vinyl window unit lights the added room on the south end. On the rear (east) elevation, an original shed dormer contains three single replacement window units. An original hip-roofed wing which projected from the north end of the rear (east) elevation was expanded and altered with new fenestration circa 2012. A wood deck was added at the same time. The interior was not accessed. Garage, circa 2011 This large, one-and-one-half-story, front-gable garage was built circa 2011 and is located south of the house (see Plate 6.6). It is clad with vinyl siding and has a metal roof. On its front (west) elevation are two roll-up garage doors and a single pedestrian entry. Two double-hung windows light the upper half-story. On the south side elevation is a row of windows just below the eaves. A large metal equipment shelter is located behind the garage. Shed #1, circa 2016 This partially enclosed shed is located where the original hip-roofed garage was located (Plate 6.7). The original garage was demolished circa 2016. 8-2 Figure 8.1: Aerial map showing the Ball Brothers Farm (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 800- APE 0 Feet 800- CARTERET RaymondBallHouse Pump House Outbuilding Garage Grape Arbor Sweet PotatoCuring Barn George Ball House Shed #2 Shed #4 Shed #3 Shed #1 Garage Drainage DitchNetwork Above Ground Pool Airplane Hangar 8-3 Plate 8.1: Ball Brothers Farm, setting, Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-4 Above-ground pool, circa 2016 An above-ground pool is located behind Shed #1 (Plate 6.7). Shed #2, circa 2019 This circa-2019, prefabricated, gambrel-roofed shed has an attached enclosed addition on the west side (Plate 6.8). The shed sits in the fenced north side yard of the house and functions as an animal shelter. Raymond Ball House, 1927 The Raymond Ball House is a one-and-one-half-story Craftsman bungalow (see Section 7.0 and Plates 7.2-7.5). It has a side-gable roofline with pedimented gable ends and a gabled front dormer with three sash windows sheltered by a metal awning. An attached shed-roofed front porch incorporates a south side porte cochere. The porch, which is enclosed with screens, is supported by paired wooden posts on stuccoed brick piers. The porte cochere is supported by single, round columns on brick piers. The house is clad with asbestos siding and has a new metal roof. The house’s original four-over-one double-hung sash windows have been replaced with vinyl window sashes of the same configuration. Both the roof and windows were replaced following damage to the house during Hurricane Florence in 2018. On the front (west) elevation, paired vinyl replacement windows flank the central doorway. On the rear (east) elevation, an original shed dormer contains three single replacement window units. An original rear wing extends to the east and provides access on its south side through a replacement door. On the south side elevation of the house is an original bay window. The interior was not accessed. Garage, 1927 Behind the house to the east is the original two-car, hip-roofed garage (Plate 7.6). It retains its original wood weatherboard siding on three sides, but the front (west) elevation has been sheathed with vinyl and contains two modern roll-up garage doors. The garage has a new metal roof. Shed, circa 2015 Immediately adjacent to the garage is a circa-2015 front-gabled equipment shed which is clad with vinyl siding (Plate 7.7). Pump House, 1927 North of the house at the edge of the yard is an original brick pump house with exposed rafter tails (Plate 7.8). Grape Arbor, 1927 Behind the garage and shed is a massive metal muscadine grape arbor (Plate 7.9). Sweet Potato Curing Barn, circa 1925 This frame sweet potato curing barn appears to be original to the farm and may be the one pictured in a 1942 photograph of a Ball Brothers Farm barn taken during a visit by Carteret County Extension Agent J.G. Lassiter (Plates 8.2-8.5; Figure 8.2). It is a specialized barn type that was promoted to sweet potato growers by the Cooperative Extension Service in the mid-1920s. It is a gabled frame building that sits just to the east of the Raymond Ball House yard. Running north-south along the peak of the roof is a gabled ventilator. A brick chimney flue rises through the east roof plane. The building was originally clad with German siding but is now primarily sheathed with sheet metal. It rests on a continuous brick foundation and has a metal roof. A shed on the west side appears to be original. An enclosed flat-roofed shed was added to the east elevation circa 1975. Shed #3, circa 1950 This elongated, open equipment shelter has a shed roof that slopes down from front (west) to back (east) and is supported by wooden posts (Plate 8.6). It is enclosed on its two ends by sheet metal and abuts the airplane hangar on its rear (east) elevation. 8-5 Plate 8.2: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.3: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. Photo View: Southwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.4: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-6 Plate 8.5: Ball Brothers Farm sweet potato curing barn. Photo View: East Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.6: Ball Brothers Farm shed #3. Photo View: Southeast Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-7 Figure 8.2: November 6, 1942, photograph of sweet potatoes stored in bushel baskets in curing barn on the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 8-8 Airplane Hangar, circa 1980 This shallow gable-roofed airplane hangar is clad with corrugated metal (Plates 8.7-8.9). Airplanes access the building through four large, sliding metal doors on its east-facing facade. A sign on the façade north of the door reads “Welcome to Spud International Airport, Harlowe, NC, USA, Gateway to Spudland.” The hangar houses small crop-dusting airplanes. Shed #4, circa 2000 This large gable-roofed shed is constructed of wood posts and roof trusses and is used to shelter tractors and other large farm equipment (Plate 8.10). Two enclosed wooden sheds, one shed-roofed and one gable-roofed, are attached to its north end. Outbuilding, circa 1990 This long, gabled building is clad with corrugated metal siding and has a corrugated metal roof (Plate 8.11). It has a single pedestrian door in its south end and four irregularly spaced pedestrian doors on its long, west elevation. It serves an unknown agricultural function. Landscape, 1917-present The farmed landscape consists of approximately 300 acres which remain under cultivation (Plate 8.12; see Plate 8.1). The fields are subdivided by a network of parallel drainage ditches running roughly north-south and east-west which interconnect at right angles and empty into to the Clubfoot and Harlowe Canal. Narrow dirt farm lanes parallel the main “lead” ditches and permit access for farm vehicles. Forestland borders the fields on the east and south. Buildings—including the houses, their domestic outbuildings, and both historic and more recent farm structures—are concentrated in one area along the western boundary of the farm. 8.3 History J. Raymond (1887-1979) and George W. Ball (1891-1969) were born in the Merrimon area of northern Carteret County. After Raymond’s service in World War I, the brothers purchased a “run-down and abandoned farm” on the east side of the Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal in Harlowe (Hancock 1938). County deed records document the 1917 purchase of a 328-acre parcel of land east of the canal by their father Robert B. Ball from some of Rufus W. Bell’s heirs (CCRD 1917 21:349). Interviewed in 1938, the Balls described the condition of the farm when they purchased it as being “completely grown up in blackgums and pines, and a wilderness of undergrowth” (Hancock 1938: 3). The Balls built a small cabin for living quarters and a shelter for their two pairs of mules. They showed early interest in the new agricultural extension services being offered through North Carolina State College by sending soil samples to Raleigh for analysis. They reclaimed and cultivated 55 acres their first year in operation, yielding 15 bushels of corn per acre. Each subsequent year they cleared and cultivated additional acreage (Hancock 1938). In 1919, the Ball brothers purchased the first tractor that was used in the community, an International Harvester (CNT 1962). In 1922, the Ball brothers split the then 388-acre property into almost equal parcels of 195 and 193.3 acres, respectively (CCRD 1922 38:102 and 38:135). By 1927, they were prosperous enough to build identical Craftsman bungalows facing the road that ran in front of their farm. The houses were modern and stylish, boasting eight rooms, hardwood floors, and indoor plumbing. The 1930 census valued the houses at $3,000 each (US Census 1930). It is possible but unverified that the Balls ordered the plans for their houses from one of the national kit house suppliers such as Sears or Aladdin, which would have been in keeping with their progressive ideals at the time. They built a large gambrel-roofed livestock barn (demolished circa 1990) on the farm around the same time (Figure 8.3). The dark soil on the farm was well suited to cotton cultivation, but the brothers stopped growing it after the 1921 boll weevil infestation. From 1922 on, they grew only sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, and cabbage, becoming especially successful sweet potato growers. In 1938, they planted 100 acres 8-9 Plate 8.7: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar with shed #3 behind it. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.8: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.9: Ball Brothers Farm airplane hangar. Photo View: West Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-10 of sweet potatoes with a yield of 200 bushels per acre. After harvest, they stored the “green” sweet potatoes in a 10,000-bushel capacity curing barn which was heated by an oil burner system (Figure 8.4). The curing process increased the potato’s shelf life and sweetened its flavor, and was known to be an improvement over the traditional method of storing the potatoes in mounded hills in the field. A curing barn survives on the farm. In late winter or early spring, the Balls trucked their sweet potatoes to markets as far away as Petersburg and Richmond, Virginia, and Washington, DC (Hancock 1938). The Ball brothers remained interested in progressive farming methods for decades. They participated in agricultural demonstrations and worked together with county farm agents on research projects. The 1939 Annual Report of the Carteret County Cooperative Extension Service described the Ball brothers’ experiments with using potash to fertilize their sweet potato crop and published the results of their findings so that other farmers could benefit. The same report noted that the Ball Brothers were among largest commercial poultrymen in the county with a flock of 750 birds, the only “blood tested flock in Carteret County” (Anthony and Lassiter 1939). The Balls also experimented with improved ditch systems to manage water drainage from their fields. Their farmland was crisscrossed by a network of interconnected ditches: narrow, closely spaced cuts in the fields met larger “lead” ditches at right angles to drain excess water from the surface of the soil. This method for draining loamy soil was common throughout the low-lying Coastal Plain, but the Balls innovated by adding gates in their lead ditches which they would open or close depending on whether they wanted to retain water during dry seasons or drain it during rainy seasons (Hancock 1938) (Figure 8.5). The annual fall sweet potato harvest was a labor-intensive effort, necessitating the hiring of as many as 300 to 350 temporary farm hands. The Balls would routinely drive a truck to North Harlowe to pick up Black day laborers, including women and children, who would loosen the rows with a mule and plow then hand dig and clean the potatoes before loading them into bushel baskets (Figures 8.6-8.8). The wage in 1942 was five cents per bushel (NC Department of Conservation and Development). But when World War II led to a shortage of available farm hands, the Cooperative Extension Service organized a farm-labor program and established a work camp at the former Carteret County Home in Beaufort. George Ball was one of the members of the Camp Advisory Committee. The camp housed 152 Black laborers from Alabama and Florida who worked in crews on local farms, including the Ball Brothers’ (Williams 1943). Also during the war, German prisoners of war (POWs) were “leased” from the military to work on the Ball Farm at harvest time (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021). These POWs, possibly based at Camp Davis in nearby Onslow County, were among the 10,000 Germans held in North Carolina during the war who performed work on farms, agricultural industries and military bases in an arrangement designed to address the wartime civilian labor shortage (Billinger 2008). While farming remained their primary occupation, the Ball brothers recognized that wartime development in and around Cherry Point was bringing new commercial opportunities that they wanted to take advantage of. They opened a movie theater in Newport and later a skating rink and bowling alley in Havelock, both of which were said to have been built by Henderson Godette. Both brothers transferred ownership of their farm property to their children in the mid-1950s. When George Balls’ son expressed little interest in farming, his land was eventually leased and later sold to other farmers. Raymond’s daughter Jean and her husband retained ownership of Raymond’s acreage until 2014 when it was sold to an Italian agribusiness firm (David Cecelski, personal communication 2021; CCRD 1955 169:421, 1956 162:51, 2014 1471:120). Today, the Balls’ twin bungalows sit on small residential parcels. The hundreds of acres around them are owned and actively farmed by two large commercial farming operations. 8.4 Integrity In order to be individually eligible for the NRHP, a property must possess several, and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, the property must possess significance under at least one of the four NRHP 8-11 Plate 8.10: Ball Brothers Farm shed #4. Photo View: North Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.11: Ball Brothers Farm outbuilding. Photo View: Northwest Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 Plate 8.12: Ball Brothers Farm field. Photo View: South Photographer: Debbie Bevin Date: August 24, 2021 8-12 Figure 8.3: 1938 photograph of gambrel-roofed barn on the the Ball Brothers Farm (Carolina Co-Operator Volume 16, No. 8). 8-13 evaluation criteria. The Ball Brothers Farm remains at its original location on Ball Farm Road, and the farm’s original layout is intact, with all buildings (both historic and non-historic) concentrated in one small area on the western edge of the farm as they were during the Balls’ tenure. The 300-acre core of the farm retains its distinctive pattern of cultivated fields subdivided by drainage ditches. While now consisting of multiple parcels, the property has been continuously farmed, and retains integrity of location, setting, feeling, and association. The two Ball houses have undergone material alteration, but their bungalow form and overall design is still evident. At least one original outbuilding associated with sweet-potato production is extant, along with later buildings reflecting the continuing agricultural operations on the farm. 8.5 NRHP Evaluation Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A if they are associated with a significant event or pattern of events that have made contributions to history at the local, state, or national level (see Appendix A). The Ball Brothers Farm is locally significant as one of the first progressive farms in Carteret County. At a time when most area farmers were still using methods and equipment that dated to the previous century, the Ball brothers embraced modern farming methods, particularly related to the production of sweet potatoes. They built a state-of-the-art curing barn to extend the shelf-life of their crop, made innovations in land management that allowed them to control the amount of water in their fields, and partnered with state and county agricultural agents on seed, soil, and fertilizer research to increase their farm’s productivity and efficiency. As a result, they built a highly successful sweet potato farming operation and marketed their crop throughout the southeastern United States. The continuously farmed landscape, including the ditch network built by the Balls, and the arrangement of buildings upon it, vividly illustrates the property’s farming past. The agricultural complex is anchored by the Balls’ bungalows and one surviving sweet potato curing barn. Later buildings are domestic or agricultural support buildings which do not detract from the agricultural setting and, in fact, illustrate the farm’s continuity of use into the present day. Therefore, the Ball Brothers Farm is recommended eligible for the NRHP under Criterion A in the area of agriculture. Its recommended period of significance is 1917-1955, from the initial establishment of the farm until 1955 when the brothers transferred their property to their children and presumably retired from full-time farming. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B if they are associated with persons of significance within the community, state, or national historic contexts (see Appendix A). While Raymond and George Ball were innovative and successful farmers, they were not known to be of transcendent importance to local, state, or national historic contexts. Therefore, the Ball Brothers Farm is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion B. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; or possess high artistic value (see Appendix A). The arrangement of buildings in the landscape on the Ball Brothers Farm is relatively unchanged from the establishment of the farm in 1917. The earliest available aerial photographs from 1939 show the two houses, domestic outbuildings, and farm buildings concentrated along the lower western edge of the property. Today, the farm’s buildings (both historic and non-historic), are clustered in the same area. A sweet potato curing barn survives as an integral component of the Ball Brothers Farm. In 1939, the farm consisted of hundreds of acres under cultivation, with fields divided by a network of drainage ditches, as it does today. However, the individual buildings themselves have lost integrity of design, materials, and workmanship. The two houses are rare examples of substantial Craftsman bungalows outside of the county’s larger towns and cities, but they have undergone numerous exterior alterations which have diminished their integrity. The gambrel roof barn is no longer extant, and several newer sheds and shelters have taken its place. Therefore, due to a loss of integrity, the Ball Brothers Farm is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion C. Properties can be eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D if they have the potential to yield information significant to human history or prehistory (see Appendix A). It is unlikely that the Ball Brothers Farm would yield any unretrieved data not discoverable through informant interviews and 8-14 documentary sources. Therefore, the Ball Brothers Farm is recommended not eligible for the NRHP under Criterion D. 8.6 NRHP Boundary Recommendation The recommended NRHP boundary for the Ball Brothers Farm consists of portions of multiple residential and agricultural parcels. Beginning at the point where Ball Farm Road turns north just east of Bridge No. 57, the recommended boundary follows the centerline of Ball Farm Road north to a drainage ditch approximately 1,700 feet north of the Raymond Ball House, then east along the drainage ditch to the east property line, then south along that property line, then west along a drainage ditch at the southern edge of currently cultivated fields, then north along a drainage ditch to Ball Farm Road. The recommended boundary includes approximately 300 acres, which represents most of the land owned and farmed by the Ball brothers beginning in 1917 (Figure 8.9). 8-15 Figure 8.4: November 6, 1942, photograph of Raymond Ball and J.G. Lassiter in sweet potato curing barn on the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 8-16 Figure 8.5: 1939 aerial imagery of the the Ball Brothers Farm (US Department of Agriculture). 0 Feet 1000- APE Canal Ball FarmDrainage Ditch Network George Ball House Raymond Ball HouseBa l l F a rm R o a d CARTERET 8-17 Figure 8.6: November 6, 1942, photograph of plowing and hand-picking sweet potatoes on the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 8-18 Figure 8.7: November 6, 1942, photograph of child hired to pick sweet potatoes on the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 8-19 Figure 8.8: November 6, 1942, photograph of sweet potato harvest on the Ball Brothers Farm (NC Department of Conservation and Development). 8-20 Figure 8.9: Aerial map showing the recommended NRHP boundary for the Ball Brothers Farm (ESRI World Imagery 2021). 0 Feet 800- Ball Brothers Farm (CR1450)Recommended National RegisterBoundary 0 Feet 800- CARTERET 9-1 9.0 REFERENCES Anthony, J.O. and J.Y. Lassiter 1939 Carteret County Agent Annual Report. Cooperative Extension Service. Annual Reports (UA102.002), Special Collections Research Center at NC State University Libraries. Raleigh, North Carolina. Billinger, Robert D., Jr. 2008 Prisoners of War in North Carolina, Enemies and Friends. Tar Heel Junior Historian. Spring 2008. Tar Heel Junior Historian Association, North Carolina Museum of History. Raleigh, North Carolina. Bishir, Catherine W. and Michael T. Southern. 1996 A Guide to the Historic Architecture of Eastern North Carolina. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Branson, Rev. Levi 1884 Branson’s North Carolina Business Directory. Levi Branson Publisher, Raleigh, North Carolina. Carteret County News-Times (Morehead City and Beaufort, North Carolina) 1962 Tractor Chugged in with New Way of Life for Harlowe Farmer. 23 February. n.d. Harlowe Played Big Part in County History. Carteret County Register of Deeds 1917 Carteret County Deed Book 21, page 349. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. 1922 Carteret County Map Book 38:102 and 135. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. 1926 Carteret County Deed Book 51, page 357. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. 1955 Carteret County Deed Book 162, page 51. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. 1956 Carteret County Deed Book 169, page 421. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. 2014 Carteret County Deed Book 1471, page 120. On file, Carteret County Register of Deeds, Beaufort, North Carolina. Cecelski, David S. 2019 The Quaker Map: From Harlowe to Mill Creek. Electronic document, https://davidcecelski. com/2019/04/05, accessed August 2021. 2001 The Waterman’s Song: Slavery and Freedom in Maritime North Carolina. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 2020 The Godette Hotel: Will Beaufort’s Historic Green Book Hotel be Destroyed? Electronic document, https://davidcecelski.com/2020/03/23, accessed August 2021. Cecelski, David S. and Bland Simpson 2006 Canals. In Encyclopedia of North Carolina, edited by William S. Powell. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The Charlotte Observer (Charlotte, North Carolina) 1954 “Progress Brought Slow Death to Prosperous North Harlowe.” 01 August. Charlotte, North Carolina. The Daily Journal (New Bern, North Carolina) 1883 New Berne and Beaufort Canal and Its Tributary Navigation. 07 July. New Bern, North Carolina. 1885 Harlowe River Improvement Association. Mass Meeting of Citizens of Harlowe, N.C. 08 February. New Bern, North Carolina. 9-2 Dudley, Jack 2010 Newport, the Town with Old Fashioned Courtesy. Coastal Heritage, Carteret County, North Carolina. The Greensboro Daily News (Greensboro, North Carolina) 1918 Unusual Shipping Activity on New Bern Waterfront. 04 July. Greensboro, North Carolina. Hancock, Randolph S. 1938 Two Master Farmers. Carolina Co-Operator, Volume 16 No. 8, August 1938, pp. 3, 11. Hinshaw, Clifford Reginald 1948 North Carolina Canals Before 1860. The North Carolina Historical Review, Vol. 25, No. 1, 1948, pp. 1–56. Lewis, J.D. 2007 North Carolina Canals--Clubfoot Creek to Harlow Creek Canal. Electronic document, https://www. carolana.com/NC/Transportation/clubfoot_creek_harlow_creek_canal.html, accessed August 2021. Little, M. Ruth 2012 A Comprehensive Architectural Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina’s Archipelago, Final Report. On file, North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office, Raleigh, North Carolina. North Carolina Department of Conservation and Development 1942 Photos on file, State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh, NC. North Carolina Department of Transportation n.d. North Carolina’s Historic Bridges. Electronic Document, https://www.ncdot.gov/initiatives-policies/ Transportation/bridges/historic-bridges, accessed August 2021. The North Carolina Intelligencer (Raleigh, North Carolina) 1891 Board of Internal Improvements. 14 January. Raleigh, North Carolina. Overstreet, Hugh 1925 Carteret County Agent Annual Report. Cooperative Extension Service. Annual Reports (UA102.002), Special Collections Research Center at NC State University Libraries. Raleigh, North Carolina. Patrick, Vanessa E. 2021 Bonar va Canal (TY0189) National Register Eligibility Memo. On file, North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office, Raleigh, North Carolina. Paul, Charles L. 1965 Colonial Beaufort: The History of a North Carolina Town. East Carolina College Thesis. Greenville, North Carolina. Electronic Document, beaufortnc.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/ community/page/2081/colonial_beaufort.pdf), accessed September 2021. Perkins, S.O. et al. 1938 Soil Survey, Carteret County North Carolina. US Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, in cooperation with the North Carolina Dept of Agriculture and North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Washington, DC. Phillips, Ulrich Bonnell 2011 A History of Transportation in the Eastern Cotton Belt to 1860. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, South Carolina. (Original work published 1908). Powell, William S. 1989 North Carolina Through Four Centuries. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 2006 Encyclopedia of North Carolina. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 9-3 Sandbeck, Peter B. 1988 The Historic Architecture of New Bern and Craven County. The Tryon Palace Commission, New Bern, North Carolina. Scientific American 1913 Intra-coastal Canal System for the Atlantic Seaboard. Vol. 109, No. 10 06 September. United States Bureau of the Census (US Census) 1880 Population Schedule, Harlowe Township, Carteret County, North Carolina. 1920 Population Schedule, Harlowe Township, Carteret County, North Carolina. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1938 Aerial photograph. 1953 Aerial photograph. United States Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.) 1951a Core Creek, NC. 1951b New port, NC. 1994a Core Creek, NC. 1994b New port, NC. Williams, Milton Franklin 1921 The Williams History: Tracing the Descendants in America of Robert Williams of Ruthin, North Wales, Who Settled in Carteret County, North Carolina, in 1763. Milton Franklin Williams, St. Louis, Missouri. Williams, R.M. 1943 Carteret County Agent Annual Report. Cooperative Extension Service. Annual Reports (UA102.002), Special Collections Research Center at NC State University Libraries. Raleigh, North Carolina. APPENDIX A: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION Significant historic properties include districts, structures, objects, or sites that are at least 50 years of age and meet at least one National Register criterion. Criteria used in the evaluation process are specified in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 36, Part 60, National Register of Historic Places (36 CFR 60.4). To be eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places, a historic property(s) must possess: the quality of significance in American History, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture [that] is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and: 1) that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history, or b) that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past, or c) that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction, or d) that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (36 CFR 60.4). There are several criteria considerations. Ordinarily, cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years shall not be considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories: a) a religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance, or b) a building or structure removed from its original location but which is sig-nificant primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event, or c) a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building directly associated with his/her productive life, or d) a cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events, or e) a reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived, or f) a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own historic significance, or g) a property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance. (36 CFR 60.4) When conducting National Register evaluations, the physical characteristics and historic significance of the overall property are examined. While a property in its entirety may be considered eligible based on Criteria A, B, C, and/or D, specific data is also required for individual components therein based on date, function, history, and physical characteristics, and other information. Resources that do not relate in a significant way to the overall property may contribute if they independently meet the National Register criteria. A contributing building, site, structure, or object adds to the historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or archeological values for which a property is significant because a) it was present during the period of significance, and possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time or is capable of yielding important information about the period, or b) it independently meets the National Register criteria. A non-contributing building, site, structure, or object does not add to the historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or archeological values for which a property is significant because a) it was not present during the period of significance, b) due to alterations, disturbances, additions, or other changes, it no longer possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time or is incapable of yielding important information about the period, or c) it does not independently meet the National Register criteria. APPENDIX B: RESUMES DEBBIE BEVIN SENIOR ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN (36 CFR 61) YEARS OF EXPERIENCE With this firm: 2020-Present With other firms: 25 EDUCATION MA 1993 Georgia State University Heritage Preservation BA 1988 University of Virginia Architectural History PROFESSIONAL TRAINING Section 106 for Experienced Practitioners Preparing Section 106 Agreement Documents Protecting Historic Properties during Disaster Response Flood Hazard Mitigation in Historic Districts Debbie Bevin, MA, has over 25 years’ experience in the field of cultural resources management, including work at the federal, state and local government levels, for non-profit organizations, and private-sector consulting firms. For the majority of her career she has focused on environmental compliance in accordance with Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, NEPA, and other municipal and state cultural resource regulations, particularly as they relate to transportation and disaster recovery. Ms. Bevin was the reviewer for all NCDOT transportation projects while employed with the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office, where she identified historic properties, made determinations of eligibility, assessed effects, and negotiated agreement documents for transportation undertakings which adversely affected historic resources. She also has extensive experience identifying, documenting and evaluating historic architectural resources. Ms. Bevin exceeds the qualifications set forth in the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for an Architectural Historian [36 CFR 61]. REPRESENTATIVE PROJECT EXPERIENCE Yeargan Farm Historic Structures Survey Report, Garner, Wake County, NC (Sponsor: Town of Garner, NC) Architectural Historian for in-depth National Register evaluation and determination of eligibility for a circa 1920s farm complex. Project was undertaken as part of master planning for a proposed recreational park on the property. Druid Hills Historic Structures Survey, Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, NC (Sponsor: City of Charlotte, NC) Architectural Historian for historic structures survey and in-depth National Register eligibility evaluations for seven post-World War II neighborhoods containing over 1,000 individual resources. Project was undertaken in anticipation of future undertakings that may be funded by HUD and would therefore be subject to Section 106. Thematic focus areas included FHA-promulgated community planning and architecture, and the socioeconomic forces and government programs which promoted and enforced racial segregation. NC 115 Improvements, North Wilkesboro, Wilkes County, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) Architectural Historian for Phase II Historic Architecture Survey Report with in-depth National Register of Historic Places eligibility evaluations for eleven properties. The report was completed to the standards of the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (NCSHPO) and NCDOT. I-85 Widening and Interchange Improvements, Cabarrus and Rowan Counties, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) Principal Investigator for Phase I historic architecture inventory and Phase II Historic Architecture Survey Report. Conducted preliminary evaluation of 98 properties and intensive National Register of Historic Places eligibility evaluations for four individual properties. The report was completed to the standards of the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (NCSHPO) and NCDOT. Historic Architecture Survey Update of Apex, Fuquay-Varina, and Holly Springs (Sponsor: Capital Area Preservation, Wake County Historic Preservation Commission and NC Historic Preservation Office) Served as Architectural Historian for the documentation of 487 historic buildings in southwest Wake County. Final report included recommendations for National Register historic districts, individual properties, and local historic landmarks. A federal Historic Preservation Fund grant administered by the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office funded the project. YEARS OF EXPERIENCContractor Safety Training ELLEN TURCO PRINCIPAL SENIOR HISTORIAN (36 CFR 61) Ellen Turco has over 20 years’ experience in cultural resources management across multiple industries such as transportation, telecommunications, oil and gas infrastructure, and land development. Her experience includes historical research and writing, architectural surveys and analysis, National Register of Historic Places evaluations for individual resources, districts and landscapes, both state and federal Historic Preservation Tax Credit applications, and the preparation of both Memorandum of Agreement and Programmatic Agreement documents. She has conducted and directed cultural resources surveys in accordance with Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, NEPA, and other municipal and state cultural resource regulations. Ms. Turco exceeds the qualifications set forth in the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for an Historian and Architectural Historian [36 CFR 61]. REPRESENTATIVE PROJECT EXPERIENCE Improvements to U.S. 70, James City, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) Principal Investigator and Historian for a Phase I and II Historic Architectural Resource Inventory and National Register evaluation of 250 resources in a post-Civil War African American freedmen’s community in eastern North Carolina. Authored background history and historic contexts for James City and evaluated resources under the NRHP Criteria both individually and as a historic district. The identification of NRHP eligible resources was a key element of the planning process in this historically sensitive community where environmental justice issues were a factor. Mount Ararat African American Episcopal Church, Wilmington, New Hanover County, NC (Sponsor: NDOT) Principal Investigator and Historian for this multi-part mitigation of a Reconstruction-era African American church and cemetery. Authored NRHP nomination text for the church, former school site, and adjacent cemetery. Provided background on folk burial practices in the eastern Coastal Plain for the ground-penetrating radar cemetery survey and authored an illustrated public history booklet about the history of the Middle Sound community entitled “Kin, Kindred, Relatives and Friends.” Work on this project identified a potentially eligible resource, the Nixon Oyster Plant, that had been omitted in previous planning surveys. The Oyster Plant was treated in a subsequent document to ensure that all Section 106 and NEPA requirements were met. Upgrades to U.S. 70, Johnston and Wayne Counties, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) This fast-tracked report evaluated the National Register eligibility of the Waverly H. Edwards House in a compressed timeframe. The house was the one resource located within alternative corridors so determining National Register status early on in project planning was essential. The house was recommended not eligible and a historic architecture survey of the larger areas around the alternative corridors was undertaken subsequently. Improvements to NC 42 Interchange with I-40, Johnston County, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) Principal Investigator and Historian for a Phase I Historic Architectural Resource Inventory of a formerly rural but now heavily developed 5-mile long corridor. The Phase I work eliminated 25 resources from intensive study and identified 4 resources that required Phase II National Register evaluations. The phased approach allows project planning and design to proceed in areas without historic sensitivity. Corridor K, Graham County, NC (Sponsor: NCDOT) Principal Investigator and Historian for Phase I and II Historic Architecture studies. Supervised field crews to complete surveys of large project corridors with a combined resource count of over 200. Work conducted within a compressed time frame requested by NCDOT. The Phase I work eliminated resources from intensive study and identified resources that required Phase II National Register evaluations. Digital data capture and the early identification of potentially historic properties supported DOT’s public involvement efforts and the development of avoidance plans and feasible alternatives. YEARS OF EXPERIENCE With this firm: 2018-Present With other firms: 23 EDUCATION MA 1995 North Carolina State University Public History BA 1992 Eckerd College Philosophy PROFESSIONAL TRAINING Section 106 for Experienced Practitioners Preparing Section 106 Agreement Documents Section 106 Review for Planners and CRM professionals Innovative Approaches to Section 106 Mitigation Project Budgeting for CRM Professionals PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES (former) Director, American Cultural Resources Association Chair, Wake Forest Historic Preservation Commission Voting Member, Capital Area Preservation Anthemion Awards Committee Permit Plans (Version 2.08; Released April 2018) TIP No.:BP2.R005.1 County(ies):Carteret Page 1 of 1 TIP Number: Date: Phone: Phone: Email: Email: County(ies): CAMA County? Yes Design/Future: Year:2019 Existing: Year: Aquatic T&E Species?Yes Comments: Yes No No No Deck Drains Discharge Over Water Body?(If yes, provide justification in the General Project Narrative) (If yes, describe in the General Project Narrative; if no, justify in the General Project Narrative)(If yes, provide justification in the General Project Narrative) ac. Existing roadways consists of two 10' lanes, with 3' unpaved shoulders. 150 nking@kcaeng.com Project Includes Bridge Spanning Water Body? Deck Drains Discharge Over Buffer? Dissipator Pads Provided in Buffer? NRTR Stream ID: Annual Avg Daily Traffic (veh/hr/day): Existing Site Project Length (lin. miles or feet): ac. Surface Water Body (1): Class SANCDWR Surface Water Classification for Water Body N/ABuffer Rules in Effect:N/A None 200 The proposed typical section on either side of the bridge will be normal crown with cross slope of 0.020, and consist of two 10' lanes with 4' un-paved shoulders. The bridge typical section will be 0.020 normal crown, and consist of two 10' lanes with 3'-11" shoulders. Waterbody Information 2035 NCDWR Stream Index No.: Impairments: Other Stream Classification: Primary Classification: Project Built-Upon Area (ac.) State project BP2.R005.1 will consist of replacing the structurally deficient NCDOT bridge #150057 between NC 101 and SR 1392 over Harlowe Canal. The proposed replacement structure is a 1-span (1@90') 33” Box Beam, with 4.0’ caps, and an out-to-out deck width of 30’ which will replace the existing 4-span (1@18'3", 1@17',1@20'1",1@20'5"). Roadway fill slopes throughout the project will vary between 2:1 and 6:1. Stormwater runoff from the bridge and roadway will be collected by either traffic bearing grated inlets or modified concrete flumes, then outlet to dissipator rip rap pads. Dissipator rip rap pads are used to minimize the velocity of the water. All proposed ditches for this project will be used to maintain existing drainage patterns. No deck drains will be used for this project. 301 Fayettville St., North Carolina Department of Transportation Highway Stormwater Program STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NCDOT PROJECTS Project Type: 1037 W.H. Smith Blvd.Address: General Project Information BP2.R005.1 WBS Element: Bridge ReplacementWBS Element: Kisinger Campo & AssociatesNCDOT Contact: (252) 439-2811 Suite 1500 Raleigh, NC 27601 Contractor / Designer: (919) 822-7839 ckwhitley@ncdot.gov Address: 7/26/2021 CarteretHarlowe Casey Whitley, PE, PLS Greenville, NC 27835 River Basin(s): City/Town: 0.5 Typical Cross Section Description: Surrounding Land Use: General Project Narrative: (Description of Minimization of Water Quality Impacts) Yes Mostly aggricultural, with sparse residential buildings around the area Harlowe Canal 21-22-1 0.5 480 ft Project Description Proposed Project White Oak Supplemental Classification: None Shortnose Sturgeon and West Indian Manatee. Biological conclusion for both is "May affect, not likely to adversely affect." (See NRTR) High Quality Waters (HQW) Wetlands within Project Limits? LOCATION PROJECT LOCATION PROJECT 1 7 SHEET OF PERMIT DRAWING DETOUR 4 TO SR 1392 HARLOWE CANAL-L- STA. 17+10.00 END PROJECT -L- STA. 12+30.00 BEGIN PROJECT HARLOWE TO NC HWY 101 BALL FARM RD (SR 1391) THIS PROJECT IS NOT LOCATED WITHIN MUNICIPAL BOUNDARIES.BALL FARM RDSR 1391SR 1392 HARLOWE CANALADAMS CREEK RD 101 101 CLEARING ON THIS PROJECT SHALL BE PERFORMED TO THE LIMITS ESTABLISHED BY METHOD II. THIS IS NOT A CONTROL OF ACCESS PROJECT. -L-HARLOWE CANALCRAVEN CO .CARTERET CO .DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PLANS OpenRoads Plans Developed with TYPES HAVE DEVELOPMENTAL STANDARD PLOT STYLES YET. UTILIZE THE FORMER V8i PRINT SYTLE AS NOT ALL SHEET CROSS SECTION SHEETS. ALL OTHER SHEETS DEVELOPMENTAL STANDARDS FOR PLAN-ELEVATION AND PLOTTING IN THIS SET IS ACCOMPLISHED USING NCDOT'S BY NCDOT FOR ORD DEVELOPED SHEETS AND CROSS SECTIONS. PRINT STYLE AND PSET DEVELOPMENT IS STILL IN PROGRESS NOTE TO REVIEWER: 04/12/2022 08/03/2021 JASON DEBONE JOHN P. MAZERES, P.E. CARTERET COUNTY OVER HARLOWE CANAL BRIDGE NO. 150057 ON SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) GRADING, DRAINAGE, PAVING AND STRUCTURE 25 50 10050 D T V = = = = = = 150 200 N/A N/A 6 55 % % MPH ADT ADT 2019 2035 % * DUAL = 3% INCOMPLETE PLANS DO NOT USE FOR R/W ACQUISITION * TTST = 3% FUNC CLASS = LOCAL SUB-REGIONAL TIER DOCUMENT NOT CONSIDERED FINAL UNLESS ALL SIGNATURES COMPLETED K 0 PROFILE (HORIZONTAL) BP2.R005.1 PE BP2.R005.2 RW, UTILITIES BP2.R005.3 CONSTRUCTION PROJECT LENGTH RIGHT OF WAY DATE: LETTING DATE: STATE STATE PROJECT REFERENCE NO. STATE PROJ. NO.F. A. PROJ. NO.DESCRIPTION N.C.1 DESIGN DATA SIGNATURE: P.E. 2018 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS PROJECT ENGINEER PROJECT DESIGN ENGINEER GRAPHIC SCALESTBD PLANS PROFILE (VERTICAL) HYDRAULICS ENGINEER ROADWAY DESIGN ENGINEER LOCATION: TYPE OF WORK:09/08/99BP2.R005.1 DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA CONTRACT:TIP PROJECT:BP2.R005.1See Sheet 1A For Index of Sheets SIGNATURE: P.E. 25 50 100500 5 10 20100 VICINITY MAP (NTS) LENGTHS FOR TIP PROJECT BP2.R005.1 0.091 MILES=TOTAL LENGTH 0.017 MILES=LENGTH STRUCTURES 0.074 MILES=LENGTH ROADWAY SHEETS TOTAL NO. SHEET (919)882-7839 Raleigh, NC 27601 Suite 1500 301 Fayettville St., NC FIRM LICENSE No: C-1506 CASEY WHITLEY, P.E., P.L.S. Prepared in the Office of: NCDOT Contact: 83/2001 NAD 83/2001 NAD -L- STA.14+83± BEGIN BRIDGE -L- STA. 15+75± END BRIDGE DETOUR HARLOWE BALL FARM RDSR 1391SR 1392 HARLOWE CANALADAMS CREEK RD 101 101 CRAVEN CO .CARTERET CO .WETLAND & STREAM IMPACTS 8/12/2021 5/26/20UNLESS ALL SIGNATURES COMPLETED DOCUMENT NOT CONSIDERED FINAL PREPARED BY ENGINEER PAVEMENT DESIGN ENGINEER ROADWAY DESIGN STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA HIGHWAY DIVISION 2 PREPARED BY 83/2001NADBP2.R005.1 3EN1 004 INCOMPLETE PLANS DO NOT USE FOR R/W ACQUISITION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PLANS (919)882-7839 Raleigh, NC 27601 Suite 1500 301 Fayetteville Street, NC FIRM LICENSE No: C-1506 24" HDPE BL-2 BL-1 T BM #1 EIP EIP WOODED WOODED WOODED WOODED 18' BST SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) 18' BST SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) HEDGE Century Link WOODED EXISTING R/W EXISTING R/W10+00.00 START17+98.23 ENDS S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN CLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED** * * *** ** * * CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP S S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN CLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED** * * *** ** * * CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP HARLOWE CANALBEGIN DITCH RTSTA 12+30.00 -L-ELEV = 9.06'END DITCH RTSTA 13+38.00 -L-ELEV = 7.46'END DITCH RTSTA 16+42.50 -L-ELEV = 8.84'VPI DITCH RTSTA 16+00.00 -L-ELEV = 8.10'BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 15+86.41 -L-ELEV = 6.95'NWSEL = 1.3' WSEL = 9.7' PROPOSED 100YR (-)1.480%(+)1.750%(+)8.462% 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 -40 -40 -30 -30 -20 -20 -10 -10 0 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 -40 -40 -30 -30 -20 -20 -10 -10 0 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 12+30.00 -L-ELEV = 9.06'END DITCH RTSTA 13+38.00 -L-ELEV = 7.46'END DITCH RTSTA 16+42.50 -L-ELEV = 8.84'VPI DITCH RTSTA 16+00.00 -L-ELEV = 8.10'BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 15+86.41 -L-ELEV = 6.95'-L- SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) DS = 45 K = 79 L = 180 DS = 45 K = 188 L = 100 DS = 40 K = 47 L = 100 = 10.30 FTOVERTOPPING ELEVATION = 100+ YRSOVERTOPPING FREQUENCY = 4500 CFSOVERTOPPING DISCHARGE = 9.70FTBASE HW ELEVATION = 100 YRSBASE FREQUENCY = 4000 CFSBASE DISCHARGE = N/A FTDESIGN HW ELEVATION = N/A YRSDESIGN FREQUENCY = INDETERMINATEDESIGN DISCHARGE BRIDGE HYDRAULIC DATA (-)1.480%(+)1.750%(+)8.462% TS TS TS TS TS TS15 TO NC HWY 101 TO SR 1392 SEE SHEET 4A FOR R/W AND EASEMENT STATIONING5.) ELEVATION: 17.1982' NORTHING: 402748.3721' EASTING: 2674906.5726' TEMPORARY BENCHMARK INFORMATION:4.) APPROXIMATELY 10.0 FT. EXISTING LANE WIDTHS AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF PROJECT ARE3.) ALL GUARDRAIL ANCHOR UNITS ARE GREU TL-3.2.) ALL BRIDGE ANCHOR UNITS ARE TYPE III.1.) NOTES:02020202EXEXEXC F F F F-L- POB 10+00.00-L- POE 17+98.23EX20'20'8:1 8:1 8:1 8:1 HARLOWE CANALHARLOWE CANAL-L- N54°29'03.3"E C F F F F F F C F F F F 12+30.00POT STA -LBEGIN PROJECT - 17+10.00POT STA -LEND PROJECT - TS TS TS TS TS TS STA 17+10.00 END GRADE STA. 12+30.00 BEGIN GRADE -L- SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) DS = 45 K = 79 L = 180 DS = 45 K = 188 L = 100 DS = 40 K = 47 L = 100 11.1510.4610.4911.4811.1310.6212+30.0011.1513+45.009.8114+80.0011.30VPCVPCVPCVPTVPTVPIVPIVPILPLPVPTHPNC12+55.0010.8613+47.4810.3214+35.0010.8015+30.0011.8515+31.8511.5815+80.0011.3416+55.0010.5717+10.0010.6316+95.3710.6217+05.0010.62-L--L-16+05.0011.08(-)1.1652%(+)1.1027%(+)1.1027%(-)1.0240%(-)1.0240% FOR STRUCTURES PLANS, SEE SHEETS S-? THRU S-??. = 10.30 FTOVERTOPPING ELEVATION = 100+ YRSOVERTOPPING FREQUENCY = 4500 CFSOVERTOPPING DISCHARGE = 9.70FTBASE HW ELEVATION = 100 YRSBASE FREQUENCY = 4000 CFSBASE DISCHARGE = N/A FTDESIGN HW ELEVATION = N/A YRSDESIGN FREQUENCY = INDETERMINATEDESIGN DISCHARGE BRIDGE HYDRAULIC DATA (+)0.1091% GROUND EXISTING PROFILE PROPOSED SITE 1 SITE 2 WETLAND JURSIDICTIONAL CAMA 2 7 SHEET OF PERMIT DRAWING RIP RAP W/ CLASS II GRANITE ARMOR BANKS @ 1.5:1 BENCH EL. 2.8' EXCAVATE TO LOWEST SIDE LOWEST CHORD BP2.R005.1 004 5/26/203EN1 ENGINEER ROADWAY DESIGN ENGINEER HYDRAULICS UNLESS ALL SIGNATURES COMPLETED DOCUMENT NOT CONSIDERED FINAL PREPARED BY STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA ROADWAY DESIGN UNIT 83/2001NAD INCOMPLETE PLANS DO NOT USE FOR R/W ACQUISITION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PLANS (919)882-7839 Raleigh, NC 27601 Suite 1500 301 Fayetteville Street, NC FIRM LICENSE No: C-1506 BL-2 WOODED WOODED WOODED WOODED TEMPLE,CARY GREY ETUX MAGGIE R TEMPLE,CARY GREY S S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN HARLOWE CANALHARLOWE CANALCLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED* * * * ** * ** * * F F TS TS CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP TS TS TS TS TS TS SITE 1 SITE 2 WETLAND JURISDICTIONAL CAMA 3 7 SHEET OF PERMIT DRAWING SITE ENLARGEMENT 1"=20' SCALE: 5/26/20UNLESS ALL SIGNATURES COMPLETED DOCUMENT NOT CONSIDERED FINAL PREPARED BY ENGINEER PAVEMENT DESIGN ENGINEER ROADWAY DESIGN STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA HIGHWAY DIVISION 2 PREPARED BY 83/2001NADBP2.R005.1 3EN1 004 INCOMPLETE PLANS DO NOT USE FOR R/W ACQUISITION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PLANS (919)882-7839 Raleigh, NC 27601 Suite 1500 301 Fayetteville Street, NC FIRM LICENSE No: C-1506 24" HDPE BL-2 BL-1 T BM #1 EIP EIP WOODED WOODED WOODED WOODED 18' BST SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) 18' BST SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) HEDGE Century Link WOODED EXISTING R/W EXISTING R/W10+00.00 START17+98.23 ENDS S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN CLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED** * * *** ** * * CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP S S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN CLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED** * * *** ** * * CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP HARLOWE CANALBEGIN DITCH RTSTA 12+30.00 -L-ELEV = 9.06'END DITCH RTSTA 13+38.00 -L-ELEV = 7.46'END DITCH RTSTA 16+42.50 -L-ELEV = 8.84'VPI DITCH RTSTA 16+00.00 -L-ELEV = 8.10'BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 15+86.41 -L-ELEV = 6.95'NWSEL = 1.3' WSEL = 9.7' PROPOSED 100YR (-)1.480%(+)1.750%(+)8.462% 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 -40 -40 -30 -30 -20 -20 -10 -10 0 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 +50 -40 -40 -30 -30 -20 -20 -10 -10 0 0 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 12+30.00 -L-ELEV = 9.06'END DITCH RTSTA 13+38.00 -L-ELEV = 7.46'END DITCH RTSTA 16+42.50 -L-ELEV = 8.84'VPI DITCH RTSTA 16+00.00 -L-ELEV = 8.10'BEGIN DITCH RTSTA 15+86.41 -L-ELEV = 6.95'-L- SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) DS = 45 K = 79 L = 180 DS = 45 K = 188 L = 100 DS = 40 K = 47 L = 100 = 10.30 FTOVERTOPPING ELEVATION = 100+ YRSOVERTOPPING FREQUENCY = 4500 CFSOVERTOPPING DISCHARGE = 9.70FTBASE HW ELEVATION = 100 YRSBASE FREQUENCY = 4000 CFSBASE DISCHARGE = N/A FTDESIGN HW ELEVATION = N/A YRSDESIGN FREQUENCY = INDETERMINATEDESIGN DISCHARGE BRIDGE HYDRAULIC DATA (-)1.480%(+)1.750%(+)8.462% TS TS TS TS TS TS15 TO NC HWY 101 TO SR 1392 SEE SHEET 4A FOR R/W AND EASEMENT STATIONING5.) ELEVATION: 17.1982' NORTHING: 402748.3721' EASTING: 2674906.5726' TEMPORARY BENCHMARK INFORMATION:4.) APPROXIMATELY 10.0 FT. EXISTING LANE WIDTHS AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF PROJECT ARE3.) ALL GUARDRAIL ANCHOR UNITS ARE GREU TL-3.2.) ALL BRIDGE ANCHOR UNITS ARE TYPE III.1.) NOTES:02020202EXEXEXC F F F F-L- POB 10+00.00-L- POE 17+98.23EX20'20'8:1 8:1 8:1 8:1 HARLOWE CANALHARLOWE CANAL-L- N54°29'03.3"E C F F F F F F C F F F F 12+30.00POT STA -LBEGIN PROJECT - 17+10.00POT STA -LEND PROJECT - TS TS TS TS TS TS STA 17+10.00 END GRADE STA. 12+30.00 BEGIN GRADE -L- SR 1391 (BALL FARM RD) DS = 45 K = 79 L = 180 DS = 45 K = 188 L = 100 DS = 40 K = 47 L = 100 11.1510.4610.4911.4811.1310.6212+30.0011.1513+45.009.8114+80.0011.30VPCVPCVPCVPTVPTVPIVPIVPILPLPVPTHPNC12+55.0010.8613+47.4810.3214+35.0010.8015+30.0011.8515+31.8511.5815+80.0011.3416+55.0010.5717+10.0010.6316+95.3710.6217+05.0010.62-L--L-16+05.0011.08(-)1.1652%(+)1.1027%(+)1.1027%(-)1.0240%(-)1.0240% FOR STRUCTURES PLANS, SEE SHEETS S-? THRU S-??. = 10.30 FTOVERTOPPING ELEVATION = 100+ YRSOVERTOPPING FREQUENCY = 4500 CFSOVERTOPPING DISCHARGE = 9.70FTBASE HW ELEVATION = 100 YRSBASE FREQUENCY = 4000 CFSBASE DISCHARGE = N/A FTDESIGN HW ELEVATION = N/A YRSDESIGN FREQUENCY = INDETERMINATEDESIGN DISCHARGE BRIDGE HYDRAULIC DATA (+)0.1091% GROUND EXISTING PROFILE PROPOSED SITE 1 SITE 2 WETLAND JURSIDICTIONAL CAMA 4 7 SHEET OF PERMIT DRAWING RIP RAP W/ CLASS II GRANITE ARMOR BANKS @ 1.5:1 BENCH EL. 2.8' EXCAVATE TO LOWEST SIDE LOWEST CHORD BP2.R005.1 004 5/26/203EN1 ENGINEER ROADWAY DESIGN ENGINEER HYDRAULICS UNLESS ALL SIGNATURES COMPLETED DOCUMENT NOT CONSIDERED FINAL PREPARED BY STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA ROADWAY DESIGN UNIT 83/2001NAD INCOMPLETE PLANS DO NOT USE FOR R/W ACQUISITION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PLANS (919)882-7839 Raleigh, NC 27601 Suite 1500 301 Fayetteville Street, NC FIRM LICENSE No: C-1506 BL-2 WOODED WOODED WOODED WOODED TEMPLE,CARY GREY ETUX MAGGIE R TEMPLE,CARY GREY S S SURFACE WATER DENOTES IMPACTS IN HARLOWE CANALHARLOWE CANALCLEARING DENOTES MECHANIZED* * * * ** * ** * * F F TS TS CAMA WETLAND DENOTES FILL INFF TS TS IMPACTS IN SURFACE WATER DENOTES TEMPORARY DENOTES RIP RAP TS TS TS TS TS TS SITE 1 SITE 2 WETLAND JURISDICTIONAL CAMA 5 7 SHEET OF PERMIT DRAWING SITE ENLARGEMENT 1"=20' SCALE: Hand Existing Existing Permanent Temp. Excavation Mechanized Clearing Permanent Temp. Channel Channel Natural Site Station Structure Fill In Fill In in Clearing in SW SW Impacts Impacts Stream No. (From/To) Size / Type Wetlands Wetlands Wetlands in Wetlands Wetlands impacts impacts Permanent Temp. Design (ac) (ac) (ac) (ac) (ac) (ac) (ac) (ft) (ft) (ft) 1 14+96 / 15+02 Proposed (Begin Bridge) End Bent < 0.01 < 0.01 14 50 2 15+55 / 15+65 Proposed (End Bridge) End Bent < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 46 53 TOTALS*: < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 60 103 0 *Rounded totals are sum of actual impacts NOTES: Revised 2018 Feb SHEET 7 OF 7 WETLAND AND SURACE WATER IMPACTS SUMMARY WETLAND IMPACTS SURFACE WATER IMPACTS Carteret BP2.R005.1 - NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS 7/26/2021 Site 1: Permanent SW Impacts (sq ft): 9 Site 2: Permanent Fill in Wetlands (sq ft): 87 Temp SW Impacts (sq ft): 52.3 Mechanized Clearing in Wetlands (sq ft): 17.5 Permanent SW Impacts (sq ft): 91.5 Temp SW Impacts (sq ft): 87