20071371 Ver 1_Application_20070810

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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
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DEPARTZVIENT OF TRANSPORTATION ~e
MICHAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
Mr. Bill Biddlecome
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
Post Office Box 1000
Washington, NC 27889-1000
Dear Sir:
August 7, 2007
LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY
071371
Subject: Nationwide 23 Permit Application for the Replacement of Bridge No. 77 over Kirby's
Creek on NC 35; Northampton County; TIP Project B-4212; Federal Aid Project No.
BRSTP-35(1). WBS Element 33558.1.1
Please find enclosed the permit drawings, half-size plans, and the Categorical Exclusion (CE) for the
above-mentioned project. The North Carolina Department of Transportation proposes to replace existing
Bridge No. 77 over ICirby's Creek on NC 35 in Northampton County. The project involves replacement
of the existing functionally obsolete and structurally deficient bridge and approaches with a new 230-foot
bridge and approaches. The new bridge will feature two 12-foot lanes with 6-foot offsets. The west
approach will be approximately 385 feet long and the east approach will be approximately 325 feet long.
Proposed permanent impacts include 0.03 acre of riverine wetland impacts. Additionally, there will be
0.02 acre of proposed permanent impacts to surface waters (pond).
Impacts to Water of the United States
General DescriRtion: Kirby's Creek is located in the 03010204 CU of the Chowan River Basin. The
Division of Water Quality (DWQ) has assigned Kirby's Creek a Stream Index Number of 25-4-4. DWQ
has assigned a best usage classification of C NSW.
Kirby's Creek is not designated as a North Carolina Natural or Scenic River, or as a national Wild and
Scenic River. It is not it listed as a 303(d) stream within 1 mile. No designated Outstanding Resource
Waters (ORW), High Quality Waters (HQW), Water Supply I (WS-17, or Water Supply II (WS-II) waters
occur within 1 mile of the project study area.
Permanent Impacts: As stated above, proposed permanent impacts consist of 0.01 acre of fill and 0.02
acre of mechanized clearing in riverine wetlands. The total amount of proposed impacts to jurisdictional
wetlands is 0.03 acre. Additionally, there is 0.02 acre of proposed impacts to surface waters due to
roadway fill.
Temporary Impacts: There are no temporary impacts proposed for this project
Utility Impacts: There will be no impacts to jurisdictional resources due to utilities.
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OFTRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1548 MAIL SERVICE (',ENTER
RALEIGH NC 27899-1548
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBS/TE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG
LOCATION:
TRANSPORTATION BUILDING
1 SOUTH WILMINGTON STREET
RALEIGH NC

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Bridge Demolition
The superstructure for Bridge No. 77 is a reinforced concrete floor on timber joists and the substructure
consists of timber caps on timber piles. All components will allow removal without dropping them into
the water. Best Management Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal will be implemented.
Avoidance and Minimization
Avoidance examines all appropriate and practicable possibilities of averting impacts to "Waters of the
United States". Due to the presence of surface waters and wetlands within the project study area,
avoidance of all impacts is not possible. The NCDOT is committed to incorporating all reasonable and
practicable design features to avoid and minimize jurisdictional impacts. Minimization measures were
incorporated as part of the project design. These included:
• To minimize impacts, NCDOT is replacing Bridge No. 77 in place and utilizing an off-site detour.
• The bridge will be lengthened by 126 feet.
• The bridge will be constructed without any temporary access.
• NCDOT is also minimizing impacts to surface waters by utilizing longer spans with fewer bents than
the existing bridge.
• NCDOT will observe an in-stream construction moratorium from February 15 to June 30 and utilize
Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage.
• 3:1 slopes were used in jurisdictional areas. 1.5:1 slopes and riprap were used as armoring along
banks.
• Two preformed scour holes were utilized for this project.
Mitigation
The proposed project will have permanent impacts to wetlands totaling 0.03 acre. Due to the minimal
amount of permanent impacts to jurisdictional wetlands, NCDOT is not proposing mitigation.
Federally Protected Species
As of May 10, 2007, the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists the red-cockaded woodpecker
(Picoides borealis) as the only federally protected species for Northampton County. There is no habitat
for the red-cockaded woodpecker within the project study area and the biological conclusion is "No
Effect".
Cultural Resources
Bridge No. 77 is eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as one of the earliest examples of a
timber stringer bridge in North Carolina. The bridge will be removed as a part of this project, therefore,
a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was prepared and is included in Appendix A of the attached CE.
The stipulations outlined in the MOA have been met and documentation of their completion was
submitted to the Historic Preservation Office (HPO) on January 26, 2007.
Project Schedule
The project has a scheduled let of March 18, 2008 with a review date of January 29, 2008.
2

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Regulatory Approvals
Section 404 Permit: This project is being processed by the Federal Highway Administration as a
"Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR 771.115(b). Therefore, we do not anticipate
requesting an individual permit but propose to proceed under a Nationwide 23 as authorized by a
Nationwide Permit 23 (72 FR 11092; March 12, 2007).
Section 401 Permit: We anticipate 401 General Certification number 3632 will apply to this project. The
NCDOT will adhere to all standard conditions. Therefore, in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H, Section
.0500(a) we are providing two copies of this application to the North Carolina Department of
Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, for their record.
A copy of this permit application will be posted on the NCDOT website at:
httn: %/www. ncdot.ors;/doh/preconstruct/pe/neu/permit. html.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact Chris Underwood at (919) 715-
1451.
Sincerely,
Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D., Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
W/attachment:
Mr. John Hennessy, NCDWQ (2 copies)
Mr. Travis Wilson, NCWRC
Mr. Gary Jordan, USFWS
Mr. Ron Sechler, NMFS
Mr. Michael Street, NCDMF
Dr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design
Mr. Victor Barbour, P.E., Project Services Unit
Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. Anthony Roper, P.E., Division 1 Engineer
Mr. Clay Willis, Division 1 Environmental Officer
W/o attachment
Mr. Scott McLendon, USACE, Wilmington
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Maj ed Alghandour, P. E., Programming and TIP
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. Wade Kirby, P.E., PDEA
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WETLAND IMPACTS
N:~ DBPT.OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OR HIQHIYAYS
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY
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NAMES AND ADDRESSES
PARCIEL N®.
NAMES ADDRESSES
g ~Eephenson ~cl.ean ~arrnns, Ina I~.®, Iloa 98
c ~ o ~argareE ~cl,ean ~urlreesboro, NC 2855
N.C. DEPT.OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY
PROJECT:33S58.1.1 (B-~Y14)
BRIDGE N0.77 OVER
KIRBY'S CREEK ON NC 35
SHEET OR _ ~ ~ 27 ~/ 07
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Northampton County
Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 Over Kirby's Creek
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-35(1)
State Project No. 33558.1.1
T.I.P. Project No. B-4212
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION
AND PIrOGRAMMATIC SECTION 4{fl EVALUATION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
AND
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
APPROVED:
11• !6•P16
DATE
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Gregory J. Thorp , h. D., Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental
Analysis Branch, NCDOT
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DATE ~.lohn .Sullivan, III, P. E.
Division Administrator, FHWA

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Northampton County
Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 Over Kirby's Creek
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-35(1)
State Project No. 33558.1.1
T.I.P. Project No. B-4212
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION
AND PROGRAMMATIC SECTION 4(f) EVALUATION
November 20()6
Document Prepared by:
Wang Engineering Company, Inc.
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Wade Kirby, P. E . G.
Project Development Engineer
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
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Greg S. Purvis, P. E.
Project Manager

PROJECT COMMITMENTS
Northampton County
Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 Over Kirby's Creek
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-35(1)
State Project No. 33558.1.1
T.I.P. Project No. B-4212
In addition to the standard Nationwide Permit No. 23 Conditions, the General Nationwide Permit
Conditions, Section 404 Only Conditions, Regional Conditions, State Consistency Conditions, NCDOT's
Guidelines for Best Management Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal, NCDOT's Guidelines for
Best Management Practices for the Protection of Surface Waters, General Certification Conditions, and
Section 401 Conditions of Certification, the following special commitments have been agreed to by
NCDOT:
Division One
The Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage will be implemented...
An in-water work moratorium will be in effect from February 15 to June 30 due to Anadromous Fish in
the project area.
Road closure will be coordinated with the Northampton County Schools and Northampton County
Emergency Management Services prior to construction.
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch/Division One
The following measures will be carried out for Bridge No. 77 per the approved Memorandum of
Agreement for adverse effects to replacing existing bridge:
1. Recordation: Prior to the demolition of Bridge No. 77, the NCDOT shall record the existing
condition of the bridge and its surroundings in accordance with the attached Historic Structures
and Landscape Recordation Plan (See Appendix C).
New Bri~,e Design: The NCDOT shall employ railings of Jersey barrier design for the new
bridge.
2. Dispute Resolution: Disagreement and misunderstanding about the implementation of this
memorandum of agreement shall be resolved in the following manner.
A. If the SHPO or any invited signatory to this memorandum of agreement should object in
writing within thirty (30) days to any plans or documentation provided for review pursuant to
this memorandum of agreement, then the FHWA shall consult with the objecting party to
resolve this objection. If after such consultation the FHWA determines that the objection
cannot be resolved through consultation, then the FHWA shall forward all documentation
relevant to the objection to the Council, including the FHWA's proposed response to the
objection. Within forty-five (45) days after receipt of all pertinent documentation, the
Council shall exercise one of the following options:
Categorical Exclusion Page 1 of 2
November 2006

i. Provide the FHWA with astaff--level recommendation, which the FHWA shall
take into account in reaching a final decision regarding its response to the
objection; or
ii. Notify the FHWA that the objection will be referred for formal comment
pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.7(c) and proceed to refer the objection and
comment. The FHWA shall take into account the Council's comments in
reaching a final decision regarding its response to the objection.
The FHWA shall take into account any Council comment or recommendations provided in
accordance with this stipulation with reference only to the subject of the objection. The FHWA's
responsibility to carry out all actions under the memorandum of agreement that are not the
subjects of the objection shall remain unchanged.
3. UnanticiQated Discovery: In accordance with 36 CFR 800.11(a) and prior to intitiation of
construction activities, NCDOT shall ensure preparation of a plan of action should archaeological
or architectural resources be inadvertently or accidentally discovered during the construction of
the project. The plan shall provide for an assessment of the significance of the discovery in
consultation amongst FHWA, NCDOT, and SHPO. Inadvertent or accidental discovery of
human remains will be handled in accordance with North Carolina-General Statutes 65 and 70.
4. Amendment: Any signatory to this memorandum of agreement may rec}uest that it be amended,
whereupon the parties shall consult to consider the proposed amendment. Any such amendment
shall be governed by 36 CFR Section 800.6(c)(7).
5. Termination: Any signatory to the memorandum of agreement may terminate it by providing
thirty (30) days notice to the other parties, provided that the parties shall consult during the period
prior to termination to seek agreement on amendments or other actions that would avoid
termination. In the event of termination, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR Section 800.3
through 800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking. In the event that the FHWA does not
carry out the terms of this memorandum of agreement, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR
Sections 800.3 through 800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking.
Page 2 of 2

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Northampton County
Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 Over Kirby's Creek
Federal-Aid Project No. BRSTP-35(1)
State Project No. 33558.1.1
T.I.P. Project No. B-4212
INTRODUCTION: The replacement of Bridge No. 77 is included in the 2006-2012 North Carolina
Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) and the Federal-Aid
Bridge Replacement Program. The location is shown in Figure 1. No substantial environmental impacts
are anticipated. The project is classified as a Federal "Categorical Exclusion."
I. PURPOSE AND NEED
Bridge Maintenance Unit records indicated the bridge has a sufficiency rating of 4.2 out of a
possible 100 for a new structure. The bridge is considered functionally obsolete and structurally
deficient. The existing bridge does not meet NCDOT Bridge Policy standards for clear deck
width. The replacement of an inadequate structure will result in safer and more efficient traffic
operations.
II. EXISTING CONDITIONS
NC 35 is classified as a rural major collector. Land use in the project area is predominantly
woodlands and farmland. Undeveloped woodlands are adjacent on the north and south sides of
the study area. There is farmland to the east of the existing bridge.
Bridge No. 77 was constructed in 1932. The existing structure is 104 feet in length, consisting of
six spans. The maximum span length is approximately 17 feet. The clear roadway width is 24.1
feet, providing two ten-foot travel lanes with two-foot gutters. The superstructure consists of a
reinforced concrete floor on timber joists. The substructure consists of timber caps on timber
piles. The bed to crown height is 16 feet and the normal depth of flow is 6 feet. Bridge No. 77 is
eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as one of the earliest examples of a timber
stringer bridge in North Carolina. The posted weight limit is 18 tons for single vehicles (SV) and
23 tons for truck-tractors semi-trailers (TTST).
The existing bridge and approaches on NC 35 are located in an approximate 1,315-foot radius
curve. NC 35 consists of two 10.5-foot lanes with approximately six-foot grass shoulders.
The estimated 2004 average daily traffic volume is 2,500 vehicles per day (vpd). The projected
traffic volume is expected to increase to 4,500 vpd by the design year 2030. The volumes include
two percent TTST and four percent dual tired vehicles.
The speed limit in the vicinity of the bridge is not posted and therefore a statutory 55 miles per
hour (mph) is assumed. There is a 45 mph advisory sign for the existing horizontal curve at the
existing bridge.
There are aerial power and telephone lines crossing on the north and south sides of the existing
bridge. County water line located on the north/northwest side of the existing bridge. Utility
impacts are anticipated to be low.

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There were two crashes reported for the three-year period of October 1, 2002 to September 30,
2005.
Twenty school buses cross this bridge twice daily.
III. ALTERNATIVES
A. Project Description
The proposed structure will provide a 31-foot clear deck width to allow for two 12-foot travel
lanes with three-foot from edge of travel lane to face of bridge rail on the right and four-foot from
edge of travel lane to face of bridge rail on the left to accommodate spread. The existing bridge
navigational clearance will be maintained.
The proposed approach roadway will consist of a 24-foot travel way providing for two 12-foot
travel lanes with eight-foot shoulders including two foot paved shoulders. The design speed will
be 60 mph.
Based on a preliminary hydraulic analysis, Bridge No. 77 will be replaced with an approximate
230-foot long bridge. The grade of the roadway will match the elevation of the existing roadway
since lowering the grade would cause the road to be flooded by Kirby's Creek. The minimum
deck grade will be 0.3%. The length of the proposed bridge and the recommended roadway
elevation may be adjusted (increased or decreased) to accommodate design floods as determined
in the final hydrologic study and hydraulic design.
B. Build Alternatives
Two (2) build alternatives studied for replacing the existing bridge are described below.
Alternate A (Preferred) replaces the bridge at the existing location. During construction, traffic
will be maintained by an off-site detour route along US 158, US 158 Business, SR 1300 (Hertford
County), SR 1301 (Hertford County), and SR 1351 (Northampton County) approximately 14.85
miles in length. The detour route would require improvements to SR 1300, SR 1301, and SR
1351 in order to handle the additional traffic. These improvements include: 1). Resurfacing SR
1300 2). Resurfacing SR 1301 with select curve widening 3). Widening SR 1351 1.5 feet each
side and resurfacing. These costs are shown in Table i. The proposed structure length is 230 feet.
The length of approach work will be approximately 385 feet on the southwest side of the bridge
and approximately 335 feet on the northeast side of the bridge. The proposed right-of--way width
varies from 90 feet to 115 feet. The existing bridge will be removed.
Alternate B replaces the bridge on new location to the southeast. During construction, traffic
will be maintained on the existing bridge. The proposed structure length is 345 feet. The length
of approach work will be approximately 967 feet on the southwest side of the bridge and
approximately 785 feet on the northeast side of the bridge. The proposed right-of--way width
vanes from 100 feet to 145 feet. The existing bridge will be removed. Alternate B was not
selected because it has higher human and natural environment impacts.
C. Alternatives Eliminated From Further Study
The "Do-Nothing" Alternative will eventually necessitate removal of the bridge and closing of
the road. This is not desirable due to the traffic service provided by NC 35.
2

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VI. NATURAL RESOURCES
A. Methodology
Materials and literature supporting this investigation have been derived from a number of sources
including U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic mapping (Conway, NC [1973] 7.5-minute
quadrangle), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service {USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) mapping
(USFWS 2002), Natural Resources Conservation Service (MRCS; formerly the Soils Conservation
Service) soils mapping (MRCS 1994), and N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC) proposed
Significant Aquatic Endangered Species Habitats (WRC 1998).
Plant community descriptions are based on a classification system utilized by the N.C. Natural
Heritage Program (NHP) (Schafale and Weakley 1990). When appropriate, community
classifications were modified to better reflect field observations. Vascular plant names follow
nomenclature found in Radford et al. (1968) with adjustments for updated nomenclature (Kartesz
1998). Jurisdictional areas were evaluated using the three-parameter approach following U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers (USAGE) delineation guidelines (Environmental Laboratory 1987). Jurisdictional
areas were characterized according to a classification scheme established by Cowardin et al. (1979)
and/or the N.C. Division of Environmental Management (DEM) Field Guide to North Carolina
Wetlands (1996). Aquatic and terrestrial wildlife habitat requirements and distributions were
determined by supportive literature (Martof et al. 1980, Potter et al. 1980, Webster et al. 1985,
Menhinick 1991, Palmer and Braswell 1995, and Rohde et al. 1994). Water quality information for
area streams and tributaries was derived from available sources (DWQ 2002a, 2002b, 2004a, 2004b).
Quantitative sampling was not undertaken to support existing data.
The most current USFWS listing of federally protected species with ranges extending into
Northampton County (USFWS 2003) is considered in this report. NHP records documenting the
presence of federally or state listed species were reviewed on Apri12, 2004. Furthermore, Significant
Aquatic Endangered Species Habitats proposed by the WRC (December 11, 1998 listing) were
consulted to determine the presence of Proposed Critical Habitats for aquatic species.
The project area was walked and ~~isually surveyed for significant features. For purposes of this
evaluation, the project area has been delineated by Wang Engineering. Potential impacts of
construction will be limited to cut-fill boundaries of each alternate. Special concerns evaluated in the
field include 1) potential protected species habitat and 2) wetlands and water quality protection of
Kirbys Creek
B. Physiography and Soils
The project area is located in the Coastal Plain physiographic province, and more specifically, in the
Rolling Coastal Plain ecoregion of North Carolina (NRCS 1994, Griffith et al. 2002). This ecoregion
is dissected by rolling hills and irregular valleys. The project area is situated within a gently sloping
floodplain valley. Elevations within the project area range from a high of approximately 50 feet
National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) along NC 35 to a low of approximately 45 feet NGVD
within the Kirbys Creek floodplain (USGS 1973). Land uses within and adjacent to the project area
consist of woodlands, agricultural fields, residential lots, roadside shoulders, and a powerline
corridor.
Based on soil mapping for Northampton County (NRCS 2001), the project area is underlain by six
soil series including Altavista fine sandy loam (Aquic Hapludults), Bonneau loamy sand (Arenic
Paleudults), Conetoe loamy sand (Arenic Hapludults), Seabrook loamy sand (Aquic Udipsamments),
4

Investigation of the existing structure by the Bridge Maintenance Unit indicates the rehabilitation
of the old bridge is not feasible due to its age and deteriorated condition.
D. Preferred Alternative
Alternate A, replacing the existing bridge at the existing location. During construction, traffic
will be maintained by an off-site detour route along US 158, US 158 Business, SR 1300 (Hertford
County), SR 1301 (Hertford County), and SR 1351 (Northampton County) approximately 14.85
miles in length. Alternate A was selected because it has lower human and natural environment
impacts.
The Division Engineer concurs with Alternate A as the preferred alternative.
Alternate A is estimated to cost $3,454,500. A breakdown of the estimated cost is shown in Item
V (Table 1).
IV. DESIGN EXCEPTIONS ANTICIPATED
A design exception will be required for the horizontal stopping sight distance for Alternate A.
The horizontal stopping sight distance meets a design speed of 40 mph.
V. ESTIMATED COSTS
The estimated costs, based on current 2006 prices, are as follows:
Table 1. -Estimated Costs
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Alternate~A

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Alternate B

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Structure Removal (existing) $ 37,600 $ 37,600
Structure (proposed) 827,200 1,286,000
Roadway Approaches 244,000 665,700
Temporary Work Bridge 30,000 95,000
Miscellaneous and Mobilization 244,200 512,700
Engineering and Contingencies 217,000 403,000
ROW/Contt. Easements/Utilities: 34,500 91,000
Widen/Resurface Detour Route 1,800,000

TOTAL- ~ ,. ,,;: " . $ 3,4'54,5!10 : ,. ; , ;: $ ; ~ 3,091,000:`
The estimated cost of the project, as shown in the 2006-2012 Transportation Improvement
Program, is $2,240,000 including $40,000 for right-of--way, $2,000,000 for construction, and
$200,000 for prior year costs.

y 5
Tomotley fine sandy loam (Typic Ochraquults), and Wehadkee loam (Typic Fluvaquents). The
Tomotley fine sandy loam and Wehadkee loam are considered hydric by the NRCS (1996).
Furthermore, depressions within the Altavista fine sandy loam series may contain hydric inclusions of
Tomotley fine sandy loam.
Altavista fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, is a moderately well drained soil found on nearly
level and gently sloping stream terraces. Permeability is moderate and flooding is rare. The seasonal
high water table occurs at a depth of 1.5 to 2.5 feet. Altavista fine sandy loam underlies
approximately 1.8-acres (9 percent) in the Kirbys Creek floodplain north of the existing bridge.
Bonneau loamy sand, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is a nearly level, well-drained soil found in uplands.
Permeability is moderate. The seasonal high water table occurs at a depth of 3.5 to 5 feet. Bonneau
loamy sand underlies approximately 1.3 acres in the uplands near the southern boundary of the
project area.
Conetoe loamy sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes, is awell-drained soil found on nearly level and gently
sloping stream terraces. Permeability is moderately rapid. The seasonal high water table occurs at a
depth of more than 6 feet. Conetoe loamy sand underlies approximately 5.3 acres (28 percent) in the
Kirbys Creek floodplain near the southwestern corner of the project area.
Seabrook loamy sand is a nearly level, moderately well drained soil found on stream terraces. Slopes
containing this soil range from 0 to 2 percent. Permeability is rapid and flooding is rare. The
seasonal high water table occurs at a depth of 2 to 4 feet. Seabrook loamy sand underlies
approximately 0.6 acre (3 percent) in the Kirbys Creek floodplain east of the existing bridge.
Tomotley fine sandy loam, rarely flooded, is a nearly level, poorly drained soil found on river
terraces. Slopes containing this soil range from 0 to 2 percent. Permeability is moderate. Although
rare, this soil is subject to brief periods of flooding. The seasonal high water table occurs at a depth
of 1 foot. Tomotley fine sandy loam underlies approximately 4.8 acres (25 percent) in the Kirbys
Creek floodplain near the northern extent of the project area.
Wehadkee loam is a nearly level, poorly drained soil found in the floodplains of major rivers and
smaller creeks. Slopes containing this soil range from 0 to 2 percent. Permeability is moderate. This
soil frequently experiences long periods of flooding. The seasonal high water table is at or near the
surface. Within the project area, Wehadkee loam underlies approximately S.i acres (26 percent),
occurring adjacent to Kirbys Creek and in the Kirbys Creek floodplain.
C. Water Resources
1. Waters Impacted
The project area is located within sub-basin 03-01-02 of the Chowan River Basin (DWQ 2002a).
This area is part of USGS Hydrologic Unit 03010204 of the South Atlantic/Gulf Region (USGS
1994). The structure targeted for replacement spans Kirbys Creek and its adjacent floodplains.
In all, the project area contains two streams: Kirbys Creek and an unnamed tributary (UTl) to
Kirbys Creek (Figure 6). Kirbys Creek flows southward through the center of the project area.
The portion of Kirbys Creek traversing the project area has been assigned Stream Index Number
25-4-4 by the N.C. Division of Water Quality (DWQ) (2004b). UT1 is located in the
southeastern quadrant formed by the intersection of NC 35 and Kirbys Creek. UTi flows from
west to east reaching a confluence with Kirbys Creek approximately 290 feet southwest of the
existing bridge. UT1 has not been assigned a Stream Index Number.

t j
2. Water Resource Characteristics
Kirbys Creek enters through the northern edge of the project area as a pond. The pond formed as
the result of a now breached, milldam located immediately upstream (north) of the project area.
Although the reach of Kirbys Creek within the project area is downstream of the dam, outflow
from the impoundment has scoured the channel to the extent that a pond has formed downstream
of the dam as well. Pond conditions remain both upstream and downstream of the dam, despite
the breaching of the dam. Kirbys Creek reforms as a channelized stream about 110 feet north of
the existing bridge, at which point Kirbys Creek is 40 feet wide. The stream widens to
approximately 90 feet immediately upstream of the existing bridge and further widens to 110 feet
immediately downstream of the bridge, thereby suggesting streamflow is restricted by the
upstream side of the bridge and propelled downstream with increased velocity. The increased
velocity of the streamflow has led to scouring downstream of the existing bridge, as evidenced by
the formation of an island in the center of the stream channel. Within the project area, the stream
has a sand and silt substrate. Bank heights vary from 2 feet upstream of the existing bridge to 4
feet downstream of the bridge. During field investigations, the water depth was at 2 feet, flow
was slow to stagnant, and water clarity was poor. No persistent emergent aquatic vegetation was
observed within the stream. Opportunities for habitat within Kirbys Creek include overhanging
trees, undercut banks, fallen logs, and leaf packs.
UTl is afirst-order, intermittent stream with a sand and silt substrate. UT1 originates from a
backwater slough at a point 280 feet southwest of the existing bridge.. UT1 flows southeastward
for approximately 35 feet before discharging into Kirbys Creek. The stream is 3 feet wide with a-
foot high banks. During the field investigation, there was no observed flow in UTl, but pools of
water were present. In the past, the UT1 possibly only conveyed floodwater from the floodplain
back to the stream channel; however, over time it appears that the streambed has eroded down to
the water table elevation of Kirbys Creek. This likely explains the presence of pools in UTI. No
persistent emergent aquatic vegetation was observed within the stream. Due to bed erosion,
opportunities for habitat within UTl are limited for much of the reach.
The DWQ has assembled a list of impaired waterbodies according to the Clean Water Act Section
303(d) and 40 CFR 130.7, hereafter referred to as the N.C. 2002 Section 303(d) list. The list is a
comprehensive public accounting of all impaired waterbodies. An impaired water body is one
that does not meet water quality standards including designated uses, numeric and narrative
criteria, and anti-degradation requirements defined in 40 CFR 131. The standards violation may
be due to an individual pollutant, multiple pollutants, pollution, or an unknown cause of
impairment. The impairment could be from point sources, nonpoint sources, and/or atmospheric
deposition. Some sources of impairment exist across state lines. North Carolina's methodology
is strongly based on the aquatic life use support guidelines available in the Section 305(b)
guidelines (EPA-841-B-97-002A and -002B). Those streams attaining only Partially Supporting
(PS) or Not Supporting (NS) status are listed on the N.C. 2002 Section 303(d) list. Streams are
fi~rther categorized into one of six parts within the N.C. 2002 Section 303(d) list, according to
source of impairment and degree of rehabilitation required for the stream to adequately support
aquatic life. Within Parts 1, 4, 5, and 6 of the list, North Carolina has developed a priority
ranking scheme (low, medium, high) that reflects the relative value and benefits those
waterbodies provide to the State. Kirbys Creek and UTl are not listed on any section of the N.C.
2002 Section 303(d) list (DWQ 2002b).
Classifications are assigned to waters of the State of North Carolina based on the existing or
contemplated best usage of various streams or segments of streams in the basin. A Best Usage
Classification of C NSW has been assigned to the entire length of Kirbys Creek and UT1. Class
6

C waters are suitable for aquatic life propagation and protection, agriculture, and secondary
recreation. Secondary recreation includes wading, boating, and other uses not involving human
body contact with waters on an organized or frequent basis. Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW)
are areas with water quality problems associated with excessive plant growth resulting from
nutrient enrichment. No designated High Quality Waters (HQW), Outstanding Resource Waters
(ORW), Water Supply I (WS-I), Water Supply II (WS-II) waters, or watershed Critical Areas
(CA) occur within 1.0 mile of the project area (DWQ 2004b).
The DWQ has initiated awhole-basin approach to water quality management for the 17 river
basins within the state. Water quality for the proposed project area is summarized in the Chowan
River Basinwide Water Quality Plan (DWQ 2002a). Neither Kirbys Creek nor UT1 have been
assigned a Use Support Rating. No benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring stations occur within
1.0 mile of the project area (DWQ 2002a).
Sub-basin 03-O1-02 of the Chowan River Basin supports no permitted, point source discharges
(DWQ 2004a). Major non-point sources of pollution within the Chowan River Basin include
agricultural lands, timber harvesting, urban areas, marinas and recreational boating, and
hydrologic modification. Sedimentation and nutrient inputs are major problems associated with
non-point source discharges (DWQ 2002a). Sources of non-point source pollution that may
specifically affect the reach of Kirbys Creek within the project area include runoff from
agricultural land both within and surrounding the project area, from NC 35, and from recently
timbered land in the northwest corner of the project area.
Temporary construction impacts due to erosion and sedimentation will be minimized through
implementation of a stringent erosion-control schedule and the use of Best Management Practices
(BMPs). The contractor will follow contract specifications pertaining to erosion control measures
as outlined in 23 CFR 650 Subpart B and Article 107-13 entitled Control of Erosion, Siltation,
and Pollution (NCDOT, Specifications for Roads and Structures). These measures include the
use of dikes, berms, silt basins, and other containment measures to control runoff; elimination of
construction staging areas in floodplains and adjacent to waterways; re-seeding of herbaceous
cover on disturbed sites; management of chemicals (herbicides, pesticides, de-icing compounds)
with potential negative impacts on water quality; and avoidance of direct discharges into streams
by catch basins and roadside vegetation.
The replacement of Bridge No. 77 warrants special concern due to Kirbys Creek's function as an
anadromous fish passage; the N.C. Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) has documented
blueback herring and alewife spawning in Kirbys Creek (Memorandum from Sara E. Winslow,
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, January 26, 2004). Consequently, the
replacement of Bridge No. 77 can be classified as Case 2, where no work at all is permissible
during moratorium periods associated with fish migration, spawning, and larval recruitment into
nursery areas occurs. In this case, NCDMF has requested an in-water construction moratorium
from February 15 -June 30. In addition, the Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish
Passage will be implemented as applicable..
3. Anticipated Impacts
a) Impacts Related to Water Resources
Impacts to water resources in the project area may result from activities associated with
project construction. Activities that would result in impacts are clearing and grubbing on
streambanks, riparian canopy removal, in-stream construction, fertilizers and pesticides used

i ~
in revegetation, and pavement/culvert installation. The following impacts to surface water
resources could result from the construction activities mentioned above.
• Increased sedimentation and siltation downstream of the crossing and increased
erosion in the project area.
• Alteration of stream discharge due to silt loading and changes in surface and
groundwater drainage patterns.
• Changes in light incidence and water clarity due to increased sedimentation and
vegetation removal.
• Changes in and destabilization of water temperature due to vegetation removal.
• Alteration of water levels and flows due to interruptions and/or additions to surface
and ground water flow from construction.
• Increased nutrient loading during construction via runoff from exposed areas.
• Increased concentrations of toxic compounds in roadway runoff.
• Increased potential for release of toxic compounds such as fuel and oil from
construction equipment and other vehicles.
The proposed bridge replacement will allow for continuation of pre-project stream flows in
Kirbys Creek, thereby protecting the integrity of this waterway. Long-term impacts resulting
from construction are expected to be negligible. In order to minimize impacts to water
resources, NCDOT Best Management Practices for the Protection of Surface Waters will be
strictly enforced during the life of the project.
b) Impacts Related to Bridge Demolition and Removal
In order to protect the water quality and aquatic life in the area affected by this project, the
NCDOT and all potential contractors will follow appropriate guidelines for bridge demolition
and removal. These guidelines are presented in three NCDOT documents entitled "Pre-
Construction Guidelines for Bridge Demolition and Removal", "Policy: Bridge Demolition
and Removal in Waters of the United States", and "Best Management Practices for Bridge
Demolition and Removal" (all documents dated 9/20/99). Guidelines followed for bridge
demolition and removal are in addition to those implemented for Best Management Practices
for the Protection of Surface Waters.
Dropping any portion of the structure into waters of the United States will be avoided unless
there is no other practical method of removal. In the event that no other practical method is
feasible, aworst-case scenario is assumed for calculations of fill entering waters of the United
States. There is potential for components of the bridge to be dropped into waters of the
United States. The resulting temporary fill associated with the concrete deck is expected to
be approximately 44 cubic yards. NCDOT's Best Management Practices for Bridge
Demolition and Removal (BMP-BDR) will be applied for the removal of this bridge.
Under the guidelines presented in the documents noted in the first paragraph of this section,
work done in the water for this project will fall under Case 2, which states that no work will
be performed in the water during moratorium periods (February 15 to June 30) associated
with fish migration, spawning, and larval recruitment into nursery areas. This conclusion is
based upon the classification of the waters within the project area and vicinity, the Stream
Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage, and comments received from the North
Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC).

1 i
t i ~ f
D. Biotic Resources
1. Plant Communities
Four distinct plant communities were identified within the project area: swamp forest, agricultural
land, shrub assemblage, and disturbed/maintained land. Plant communities were delineated to
determine the approximate area and location of each (Figure 6). Collectively, the plant
communities constitute 16.7 acres (87 percent) of the project area. The remaining 2.6 acres (13
percent) consists of impermeable surfaces (1.1 acres, 6 percent) and water bodies (1.5 acres, 8
percent) (note: the rounding of individual areas leads to a discrepancy in total percentage of land
covers). The plant communities are described below in order of their dominance within the
project area.
a) Swamp Forest
The most prominent plant community, the swamp forest community constitutes
approximately 7.1 acres (37 percent) of the project area. This community primarily occurs in
the floodplain immediately adjacent to Kirbys Creek. An additional small pocket, dissected
from the rest of the community by an agricultural field and NC 35, occurs in the northeast
corner of the project area. The community consists of a mature, secondary growth forest that
most closely resembles the Cypress-Gum Swamp (Blackwater Subtype) community
described by Schafale and Weakley (1990). Six wetland areas were found within this
community; however, the widespread distribution of hydrophytic woody vegetation
throughout the community suggests the area may have been wetter in the past. Furthermore,
numerous downed trees were observed throughout the swamp forest community -likely the
result of recent hurricanes.
Canopy species within the swamp forest community include bald cypress (Taxodium
distichum), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia), cherrybark oak (Q.
pagoda), swamp chestnut oak (Q. michauxii), and water oak (Q. nigra). The subcanopy
consists of American holly (Ilex opaca), ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana), river birch {Betula
nigra), sweetbay magnolia (Magnolia virginiana), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styrac~ua).
The shrub and sapling layer includes canopy species as well as Chinese privet (Ligustrum
sinense), elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea), southern
arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum), sweet pepperbush (Clethra alnifolia), swamp cyrilla
(Cyrilla racemiflora), and Virginia willow (Itea virginica). An herbaceous and vine layer
extends throughout the swamp forest community. The herb layer consists of false nettle
(Boehmeria cylindrica), netted chain fern (Woodwardia areolata), pokeberry {Phytolacca
americana), and southern lady fern (Athyrium asplenioides). Vines present include
greenbrier (Smilax laurifolia), muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), and Virginia creeper
(Parthenocissus quingefolia).
Situated within a surrounding matrix of agricultural fields, the swamp forest provides a
corridor for wildlife passage and refuge. In addition, the diverse structure of the swamp
forest, as exemplified by the well developed forest strata, and interior water course offer a
range of habitat niches. An account of observed wildlife follows.
A high diversity of bird species were observed within the swamp forest. Observed species
include red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus
colubris), red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus), yellow-bellied sapsucker
(Sphyrapicus varius), red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceus), Carolina wren (Thryothorus
9

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ludovicianus), blue-gray gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulia), prothonotary warbler
(Protonotaria citrea), hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina), summer tanager (Piranga rubra),
and indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea). Additional birds which are likely to inhabit wooded
interiors, especially in bottomlands along water courses, are sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter
striatus), American woodcock (Scolopax minor), barred owl (Strix varea), northern parula
(Parula americana), yellow-throated warbler (Dendroica dominica), and Louisiana
waterthrush (Seiurus motacilla).
Two mammal species were observed during the field investigation: gray squirrel (Sciurus
carolinensis) and a mouse, likely 'a white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). Additional
evidence of mammal activity observed during the field investigation includes raccoon
(Procyon lotor) scat and a beaver (Castor canadensis) lodge. Mammal species expected to
occur within the swamp forest portion of the project area are red bat (Lasiurus borealis),
southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans), southern short-tailed shrew (Blarina
carolinensis), and Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana).
Amphibian species observed during the field investigation include bullfrog (Rana
catesbeiana), gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor), and southern leopard frog (Rana utricularia).
In addition, four species of reptiles were observed: eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon
subrubrum), five-lined skink (Eumeces fasciatus), cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus), and
yellowbelly slider (Trachemys scripta). Some terrestrial reptiles and amphibians which may
occur within the forest include American toad (Bufo americanus), copperhead (Agkistrodon
contortrix), northern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), slimy salamander (Plethodon
glutinosus), and southern ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus).
b) Shrub Assemblage
The shrub assemblage community, composing approximately 4.4 acres {23 percent) of the
project area, occurs in the southeast quadrant formed by the intersection of NC 35 and Kirbys
Creek. Currently, the shrub assemblage community consists of a dense, 5 to 15 foot high
shrub layer. The area occupied by the shrub assemblage community had recently been
timbered, probably within the last five years. Prior to timbering, this area likely supported a
swamp forest community similar to that previously described. It is expected the shrub
assemblage community will return to a swamp forest through succession. A marshy wetland
occurs here in the lowest portion of the Kirbys Creek floodplain. Vegetation within the
community varies along a moisture gradient, with hydrophytic species occurring in the
wetland and more mesic species occurring along the drier, outer floodplain slopes.
Vegetation within the wetland area is dominated by a dense .shrub layer, which includes both
shrub species and tree saplings. In general, the wetland contains hydrophytic species adapted
to the wet moisture regime. Representative species of the shrub layer are bald cypress, black
willow (Salix nigra), buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), Carolina ash (Fraxinus
caroliniana), Chinese privet, giant cane, green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), groundsel bush
(Baccharis halimifolia), red maple (Acer rubrum), river birch, sweet pepperbush, swamp
cottonwood (Populus heterophylla), swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora), and winged sumac (Rhus
copallina). Tree species, while sparse, are interspersed throughout the community. Members
include red maple, swamp cottonwood, sweetgum, and tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera).
Herbaceous species form a carpet layer that spreads through the understory of the shrub
assemblage community. In addition, open areas, absent of shrubs and trees, occur throughout
this community. In these open areas, herbs and vines form dense vegetative mats.
Herbaceous and vine species observed include false nettle, lizard's tail (Saururus cernuus),
10

~ 1
r ~ r r
muscadine grape, polygonum (Polygonum sp.), sedges (Carex spp.), soft rush (Juncus
effusus), and wool grass (Scirpus cyperinus).
In contrast to the wetland area, the outer floodplain slopes along the southern edge of the
southeast quadrant have a drier moisture regime. Consequently, the slopes support more
mesic species. The vegetative structure here is similar to that of the wetland area, with a
dominant shrub layer of both shrub and tree saplings, sparsely dispersed trees, and a carpet
layer of herbs. Members of the shrub layer include loblolly pine, mimosa (Albizia
julibrissin), sweetgum, winged sumac, and tulip tree. The tree layer contains mature tree
species from the shrub sayer. The herb and vine layers include blackberry (Rubus sp.), dog
fennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), greenbrier, muscadine grape, and poison ivy
(Toxicodendron radicans).
The shrub assemblage represents an early successional community in the process of
transitioning from a timbered area to a swamp forest. In its current state, the shrub
assemblage community provides an intermediate habitat accessible to both forest and open
area species. An account of observed wildlife follows.
Bird. species observed during the field investigation include eastern wood-pewee (Contopus
virens), white-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus), blue-gray gnatcatcher, common yellowthroat
(Geothlypis trichas), yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens), and indigo bunting. Additional
bird species expected to utilize shrub assemblage community include American crow (Corvus
brachyrhynchos), Carolina wren, eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis), northern cardinal
(Cardinalis cardinalis), field sparrow (Spizella pusilla), and common grackle (Quiscalus
quiscula).
No terrestrial mammals were observed during the field investigation, although evidence of
beaver activity (cut saplings) was found. Mammal species expected to occur within the shrub
assemblage include eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), eastern mole (Scalopus
aquaticus), hispid cotton rat, least shrew (Cryptotis parva), meadow vole (Microtus
pennsylvanicus), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A single amphibian species
was observed during the field investigation, southern toad (Bufo terrestris). Additional
terrestrial reptiles and amphibians which may occur within this community include eastern
box turtle (Terrapene Carolina), six-lined racerunner {Cnemidomorphorus sexlineatus),
eastern garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis), black racer (Coluber constrictor), and northern
cricket frog (Acris crepitans).
c) Agricultural Land
The agricultural land community constitutes approximately 3.2 acres (16 percent) of the
project area. This community is comprised of arow-cropped corn monoculture. Vegetation
in the community is managed to promote agricultural production.
The agricultural land community potentially provides a rich food source, but offers little
cover from predators and the environment. In addition, frequent disturbances associated with
crop maintenance may also exclude wildlife. Wildlife likely utilize this community for
foraging, but then retreat back to the forest for cover. An account of observed wildlife
follows.
A single bird species was observed in the agricultural land community, red-tailed hawk
(Buteo jamaicensis). Birds that frequent agricultural land include American crow, field
11

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sparrow, eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna), and common grackle. Mammals which are
more specialized to utilize open field habitat are eastern mole, hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon
hispidus), raccoon, Virginia opossum, and white-tailed deer. Reptile and amphibian species
that might find suitable habitat in agricultural areas include American toad, black racer, and
eastern kingsnake (Lampropeltis getulus).
d) Disturbed/Maintained Land
The disturbed/maintained land community composes approximately 2.0 acres (11 percent) of
the project area. This community includes residential lots, roadside shoulders, and a
powerline corridor, all of which are maintained by mowing or some other form of vegetative
control. The residential lots occur in the northwest and northeast quadrants formed by the
intersection of NC 35 and Kirbys Creek, the powerline corridor occurs in the southwest
quadrant, and roadside shoulders occur in all four quadrants.
Herbs and vines dominate the vegetation in this community. Observed species include
blackberry, goldenrod (Solidago sp.), greenbrier, Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense),
plantain (Plantago sp.), poison ivy, ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), trumpet creeper
(Campsis radicans), violet (Viola sp.), white clover (Trifolium repens), and wild carrot
(Daucus carota). Shrubs and trees are present to a lesser extent in the disturbed/maintained
community. In general, shrubs and trees have a scattered distribution, occurring in small
groups or as individuals. Shrubs primarily occur in the powerline corridor, although some
individuals are present along roadside shoulders. The shrub layer consists of red mulberry
(Morus rubra), sweet pepperbush, and winged sumac. Trees are present in the residential
lots. Observed tree species include red maple, sweetgum, and tulip tree.
The disturbed/maintained community provides a relatively narrow range of habitat structures
for roosting, nesting, and feeding. The community is linear and highly fragmented. Species
utilizing this community must be adapted to such fragmentation and edge effects. An account
of observed wildlife follows.
Bird species observed during the field investigation include black vulture (Coragyps atratus),
white-eyed vireo, common yellowthroat, and northern cardinal. Birds species expected to be
found in the disturbed/maintained community include turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), red-
tailed hawk, American crow, Carolina wren, eastern bluebird, field sparrow, eastern
meadowlark, common grackle, and American goldfinch (Carduelis tristis).
No terrestrial mammals were observed during the field investigation. Mammal species
expected to occur within the disturbed/maintained land include eastern cottontail, eastern
mole, hispid cotton rat, least shrew, meadow vole, and white-tailed deer. A single reptile
species was observed during the field investigation, five-lined skink. Additional terrestrial
reptiles and amphibians which may occur within disturbed/maintained land include American
toad, black racer, eastern box turtle, eastern garter snake, and six-lined racerunner.
2. Aquatic Communities
This section details the physical characteristics of Kirbys Creek and UT1, the only aquatic
habitats present in the project area. Aquatic-oriented wildlife observed within the project study
area includes beaver, bullfrog, eastern mud turtle, gray treefrog, southern leopard frog,
cottonmouth, and yellowbelly slider. All were observed in the swamp forest community.
12

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No sampling was undertaken in Kirbys Creek to determine fishery potential, although minnows
and catfish were observed during the field investigation. Furthermore, Kirbys Creek is
designated as an anadromous fish passage; NCDMF has documented blueback herring and
alewife spawning in Kirbys Creek. Fish species that may be present in this reach of Kirbys Creek
include American eel (Anguilla rostrata), margined madtom (Noturus insignis), rosyside dace
(Clinostomus funduloides), spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius), and yellow bullhead (Ameriurus
natal is).
The WRC has developed a Significant Aquatic Endangered Species Habitat database to enhance
planning and impact analysis in areas proposed by WRC as being critical due to the presence of
Endangered or Threatened aquatic species. The portion of Kirbys Creek within the project is
designated as Significant Aquatic Endangered Species Habitat (WRC 1998). One species of state
concern, a freshwater mussel called tidewater mucket (Leptodea ochracea) (listed as state
Threatened), has been documented approximately 14 miles downstream of the project study area
in the Meherrin River (Personal communication, Angie Rogers, NCWRC, Apri16, 2005).
3. Anticipated Impacts to Biotic Communities
Project alternatives include permanent impacts, which are considered to be those impacts that
occur within proposed cut-fill limits. Plant communities within the project area were delineated
to determine the approximate area and location of each (Figure 6). A summary of plant
community areas and the potential impacts to each is presented in Table 2.
Projected permanent impacts to natural plant communities resulting from bridge replacements are
generally restricted to narrow strips adjacent to the existing bridge and roadway approach
segments. In terms of area, little of the natural plant community is expected to be permanently
impacted by the proposed project.
No significant habitat fragmentation is expected as a result of project activities since potential
improvements will be restricted to adjoining roadside margins. Construction noise and associated
disturbances are anticipated to have short-term impacts on avifauna and migratory wildlife
movement patterns.
Table 2_ Plant Communities Within Cut/Fill Areas of Resuective Alternatives)
~„ _ .. ~
~. , ~~
,? ~ >~. ~ ~~~„

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t ~et-nate$~
Plant Communi Permanent Permanent
Swam Forest 0.35 0.79
Shrub Assembla a <0.01 0.49
A icultural Land 0.05 0.25
Disturbed/Maintained 0.57 0.90
Total 0.97 2.43
Areas expressed in acres.
Impacts associated with turbidity and suspended sediments resulting from bridge replacement
will be minimized through stringent erosion control measures. NCDMF has documented the
occurrence of anadromous fish within Kirbys Creek. Furthermore, the entire length of Kirbys
Creek is designated as Significant Aquatic Endangered Species Habitat (WRC 1998).
13

t ~
Potential downstream impacts to aquatic habitat are anticipated to be avoided by bridging the
stream system to maintain regular flow and stream integrity. Short-term impacts associated with
turbidity and suspended sediments may affect benthic populations. Temporary impacts to
downstream habitat from increased sediment during construction will be minimized by the
implementation of stringent erosion control measures.
E. Special Topics
1. Waters of the United States
Surface waters within the project area are subject to jurisdictional consideration under Section
404 of the Clean Water Act as waters of the United States (33 CFR Section 328.3). The NWI
system for classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats was used to determine the type of
each wetland present (Cowardin et al. 1979). Section 404 jurisdictional areas are depicted by
Figure 6.
Kirbys Creek exhibits the characteristics of awell-defined, third-order, perennial stream with
moderate flow over a sand and silt substrate. The stream can be classified as a lower perennial,
riverine system with an unconsolidated bottom composed of cobble and gravel (R2UB2).
Additionally, UT1 can be classified as awell-defined, first-order, lower intermittent stream with
low flow over an unconsolidated bottom of sand (R4UB2).
Vegetated wetlands are defined by the presence of three primary criteria: hydric soils,
hydrophytic vegetation, and evidence of hydrology at or near the surface for a portion (12.5
percent) of the growing season (Environmental Laboratory 1987). The project area contains six
vegetated wetland areas, all of which occur in the floodplains of Kirbys Creek (Figure 6).
A 3.8-acre forested wetland occurs in the southwest quadrant of the project area, approximately
270 feet southwest of the existing bridge (Figure 6, Wetland 1). Wetland 1 is a broad, flat
wetland located adjacent to Kirbys Creek. It extends through both the swamp forest and shrub
assemblage communities, with the majority occurring in the shrub assemblage community.
Within the shrub assemblage community, Wetland 1 supports a thin, noncontiguous canopy of
red maple, swamp cottonwood, sweetgum, and tulip tree. A dense shrub and sapling layer
extends throughout the wetland. Shrubs and saplings present include bald cypress, black willow,
buttonbush, green ash, groundsel bush, loblolly pine, red maple, river birch, swamp cottonwood,
and winged sumac. Herbaceous species are interspersed amongst the shrub species and are
particularly abundant in open areas. Members of the herbaceous layer include false nettle, giant
cane, lizard's tail, polygonum, soft rush, and wool grass. Within the swamp forest community,
Wetland 1 supports a canopy of ironwood, laurel oak, and river birch. The shrub layer includes
American holly, ironwood, and southern arrowwood. The herbaceous layer contains muscadine
grape, netted chain fern, and trumpet creeper. Areas of Wetland 1 adjacent to Kirbys Creek likely
receive over bank stream flow. In addition, the wetland receives groundwater seepage from
slopes that parallel the southern side of NC 35 as well as from slopes along the western extent of
the wetland. The wetland can be classified as a palustrine, seasonally flooded, forested wetland
supporting broad-leaved deciduous vegetation (PFO i C). Soils exhibit hydric chromas and
mottles. Hydrology indicators include oxidized rhizospheres, ponding, and scour. In terms of
mitigation, DWQ would consider this system "riverine," based upon its location within the
Kirbys Creek floodplain.
A 0.16-acre forested wetland occurs in the northwest quadrant of the project area, approximately
650 feet west of the existing bridge (Figure 6, Wetland 2). The canopy of Wetland 2 consists of
14

'~ '~ .
laurel oak, red maple, sweetgum, and tulip tree. The wetland supports a dense shrub layer of
Chinese privet, giant cane, and river birch. The herbaceous layer, also dense, includes
blackberry, Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), netted chain fern, and southern lady fern.
Wetland 2 can be classified as a palustrine, seasonally flooded, forested wetland supporting
broad-leaved deciduous vegetation (PFO1C). Soils exhibit hydric chromas. Hydrology
indicators include oxidized rhizospheres, ponding, saturated soils and scour. In terms of
mitigation, DWQ would consider this system "riverine," based upon its location within the
Kirbys Creek floodplain.
A 0.01-acre wetland, Wetland 3, is located in the northeast quadrant of the project area,
approximately 90 feet east of the existing bridge (Figure 6, Wetland 3). Wetland 3 is bowl-
shaped wetland located adjacent to Kirbys Creek. The wetland contains herbaceous vegetation
such as netted chain fern, polygonum, and wool grass. Trees and shrubs are not supported within
the interior of Wetland 3; however, tree and shrub species similar to those found in Wetland 1 are
support along the periphery of the wetland. Wetland 3 likely receives water during high flow
events. Wetland 3 can be classified as a palustrine, seasonally, flooded, forested wetland
supporting broad-leaved deciduous vegetation (PFO1C). Soils exhibit hydric chromas and
mottles. Hydrology indicators include oxidized rhizospheres, ponding, and scour. In terms of
mitigation, DWQ would consider this system "riverine," based upon its location within the
Kirbys Creek floodplain.
Two forested wetlands, Wetlands 4 and 5, occur in the northwest quadrant of the project area
approximately 45 and 70 feet northwest of the existing bridge, respectively (Figure 6, Wetlands 4
and 5). Wetland 4 is a 0.32-acre, 3-foot deep linear depressions oriented perpendicular to the
Kirbys Creek. Similarly, Wetland 5 is a 0.02-acre, 3-foot deep depression oriented perpendicular
to Kirbys Creek. Both are sparsely vegetated. Instead, the wetland interiors are covered with leaf
litter and have cypress knees protruding above the soil surface. The periphery of the wetlands
supports vegetation similar to that described above for the swamp forest. Wetlands 4 and 5 likely
function as swales, conveying over bank stream flow from the floodplain back to Kirbys Creek.
Both wetlands can be classified as palustrine, seasonally flooded, forested wetlands supporting
broad-leaved deciduous vegetation (PFO1C). Soils exhibit hydric chromas and mottles.
Hydrology indicators include saturated soils and water stains. In terms of mitigation, DWQ
would consider this system "riverine," based upon its location within the Kirbys Creek
floodplain.
A 0.26-acre forested wetland is located in the northeast quadrant of the project area
approximately 350 feet northeast of the existing bridge (Figure 6, Wetland 6). Wetland 6 is a
broad, flat wetland abutting Kirbys Creek. The canopy layer contains bald cypress and red
maple. The shrub and herbaceous layers are sparse within the interior of the wetland. In contrast,
the perimeter of the wetland supports dense mass of herbs and vines. The single shrub present in
Wetland 6 is sweet pepperbush. Herbs and vines present include blackberry, greenbrier (Smilax
rotundifolia), muscadine grape, and poison ivy. The wetland likely receives and retains over
bank stream flow from Kirbys Creek. Wetland 6 can be classified as palustrine, seasonally
flooded, forested wetlands supporting broad-leaved deciduous vegetation (PFO1C). Soils exhibit
hydric chromas. Hydrology indicators are oxidized rhizospheres and water stains. In terms of
mitigation, DWQ would consider this system "riverine," based upon its location within the
Kirbys Creek floodplain.
Alternate A calls for the replacement of Bridge No. 77 at its current location while maintaining
traffic with an off-site detour. In contrast, Alternate B calls for the replacement of Bridge No. 77
at a location approximately 35 feet southeast of the existing bridge. Permanent impacts associated
t5

with Alternate A will occur to Kirbys Creek in the northeast and southeast quadrants as well as to
Wetland 1 in the southeast quadrant. Impacts to Kirbys Creek are restricted to narrow areas of
the stream channel, 4 feet wide or less, along the left stream bank in the northeast quadrant and
along the right stream bank in the southeast quadrant. Permanent impacts associated with
Alternate B will occur to Wetland 1 in the southeast quadrant, Wetland 2 in the southwest
quadrant, and Wetland 3 in the northeast quadrant. Information pertaining to jurisdictional area
impacts within the project area is summarized in Table 3.
Table 3. Pro'ected Im acts to Jurisdictional Areas' (Areas are depicted in Fi re 2 )
~ ~ - ""~{~;..,#~ ~ ~°Alternafe Ar> .. -~ . ~ s ~~; ~'~.f _ti ,_
~~~} ~e(~zut~ .:~~ '•~'~~~ ~~ ~~~ (Pieferred7?"« ~ =f:,, Alternate B~ ~ ~: ~t~DEM.~t~.s
t
~Jurisdictonal°11;ce~t=
,~~;aFermanenf.~
yPe~madent'3 ~
~~Wetland ~Rati _'
Kirb s Creek 221 _
Total 221 _
Wetland 1 0.02 0.46 g7
Wetland 2 - 0.04
Wetland 3 - <0.01 32
Wetland 4 - - 85
Wetland 5 _ _ 85
Wetland 6 _ _ 84
Total 0.02 0.50
- stream impacts are expressed in linear feet. Wetland impacts are expressed in acres. Note:
rounding of individual impacts leads to discrepancies in total impacts.
There is potential for components of the deck to be dropped into waters of the United States. The
resulting temporary fill associated with the deck and caps may be as much as 44 cubic yards.
NCDMF has documented the occurrence of anadromous fish within Kirbys Creek In addition,
the entire length of Kirbys Creek is designated as Significant Aquatic Endangered Species
Habitat (NCWRC 1998). One species of state concern, a freshwater mussel called tidewater
mucket {Leptodea ochracea) (listed as state Threatened), has been documented approximately 14
miles downstream of the project study area in the Meherrin River (Personal communication,
Angie Rogers, NCWRC, April 6, 2005). The replacement of Bridge No. 77 can be classified as
Case 2, where no work at all is permissible during moratorium periods associated with fish
migration, spawning, and larval recruitment into nursery areas occurs. In this case, NCDMF has
requested an in-water construction moratorium from February 15 -June 30. Furthermore, the
Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage will be implemented as applicable.
2. Permits
a). Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
This project may be processed as a Categorical Exclusion (CE) under Federal Highway
Administration (FHWA) guidelines. The USACE has made available Nationwide Permit
{NWP) 23 (67 FR 2020, 2082; January 15, 2002) for CEs due to minimal impacts to waters of
the U.S. expected with bridge construction. Activities under this permit are categorically
excluded from environmental documentation because they are included within a category of
activities that neither individually nor cumulatively have a significant effect on the human
and natural environment. Activities authorized under nationwide permits must satisfy all
terms and conditions of the particular permit.
16

•, ~~
b). Section 401 Water Quality Certification
DWQ has made available a Genera1401 Water Quality Certification for NWP 23 (GC 3403).
If temporary structures are necessary for construction activities, access fills, or dewatering of
the site, then a NWP 33 (67 FR 2020, 2087; January 15, 2002) permit and the associated
General 401 Water Quality Certification (GC 3366) will be required. Impacts to vegetated
wetlands may be authorized under NWP 3 (67 FR 2020, 2078) and the associated General
401 Water Quality Certification (GC 3376). In the event that NWPs 23, 33, and 3 will not
suffice, impacts attributed to bridge replacement and associated approach improvements may
qualify under General Bridge Permit (GP) 031 issued by the Wilmington USACE District.
DWQ has made available a Genera1401 Water Quality Certification for GP 031 (GC 3404).
Notification to the Wilmington USACE District office is required if this general permit is
utilized.
c). Bridge Demolition and Removal
If no practical alternative exists to remove the current bridge other than to drop it into the
water, prior to removal of debris off-site, fill related to demolition procedures will need to be
considered during the permitting process. A worst-case scenario should be assumed with the
understanding that if there is any other practical method available, the bridge will not be
dropped into the water. The worst-case scenario associated with the bridge removal is
expected to be 44 cubic yards of temporary fill. Permitting will be coordinated such that any
permit needed for bridge construction will also address issues related to bridge demolition.
3. Mitigation
The USACE has adopted through the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) a wetland
mitigation policy which embraces the concept of "no net loss of wetlands" and sequencing. The
purpose of this policy is to restore and maintain the chemical, biological, and physical integrity of
waters of the United States, and specifically wetlands. Mitigation of wetland impacts has been
defined by the CEQ to include: avoiding impacts (to wetlands), minimizing impacts, rectifying
impacts, reducing impacts over time and compensating for impacts (40 CFR 1508.20). Each of
these three aspects (avoidance, minimization, and compensatory mitigation) must be considered
sequentially.
Avoidance mitigation examines all appropriate and practicable possibilities of averting impacts to
waters of the United States. According to a 1990 Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the USACE, in determining "appropriate and
practicable" measures to offset unavoidable impacts, such measures should be appropriate to the
scope and degree of those impacts and practicable in terms of cost, existing technology and
logistics in light of overall project purposes.
Minimization includes the examination of appropriate and practicable steps to reduce the adverse
impacts to waters of the United States. Implementation of these steps will be required through
project modifications and permit conditions. Minimization typically focuses on decreasing the
footprint of the proposed project through the reduction to median widths, right-of--way widths, fill
slopes, and/or road shoulder widths. All efforts will be made to decrease impacts to surface
waters. The proposed bridge was lengthened to minimize impacts to the existing stream.
Compensatory mitigation is not normally considered until anticipated impacts to waters of the
United States have been avoided and minimized to the maximum extent possible. It is recognized
17

that "no net loss of wetlands" functions and values may not be achieved in each and every permit
action. In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0506(h), DWQ may require compensatory mitigation
for projects with greater to or equal than 0.1 acre of impacts to jurisdictional wetlands or greater
than or equal to 150 linear feet of total perennial stream impacts. Furthermore, in accordance
with 67 FR 2020, 2092; January 15, 2002, the USACE requires compensatory mitigation when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. The size and
type of the proposed project impact and the function and value of the impacted aquatic resource
are factors considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable compensatory
mitigation. Appropriate and practicable compensatory mitigation is required for unavoidable
adverse impacts which remain after all appropriate and practicable minimization has been
required. Compensatory actions often include restoration, preservation and enhancement, and
creation of waters of the United States. Such actions should be undertaken first in areas adjacent
to or contiguous to the discharge site.
Mitigation for Section 404 jurisdictional areas may not need to be proposed for this project due to
the potentially limited nature of the project impacts. However, utilization of BMPs is
recommended in an effort to minimize impacts. Temporary impacts to floodplains associated
with construction activities could be mitigated by replanting disturbed areas with native riparian
species and removal of temporary fill material upon project completion. A final determination
regarding mitigation rests with the USACE and DWQ.
F. Protected Species
1. Federally Protected Species
Species with the federal classification of Endangered (E), Threatened (T), or officially Proposed
(P) for such listing are protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended
(16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The term "Endangered Species" is defined as "any species which is in
danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range," and the term "Threatened
Species" is defined as "any species which is likely to become an Endangered species within the
foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range" (16 U.S.C. 1532).
Two federally protected species are listed for Northampton County as of June 22, 2006: bald
eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) (USFWS
2006). The red-cockaded woodpecker is listed as Endangered, while the bald eagle is listed as
Threatened. A summary of Biological Conclusions for the replacement of Bridge No. 77 is
represented in Table 4.
Table 4. Federally Protected Species
''Common[ Name ~
*m~.-1>~.q? p'=.,~ ~r Screntlfic Named 3
r.. ~ r ~;t; ~ ~'~r• ~Bi~l I CQnclus~on ~
~s~, ~, x~~3~`-,_.~^~ .~,~~'~i~"i~'~:~ Felder-al
~FSt8tLL8'
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus No Effect T
Red-cockaded

wood ecker picoides borealis No Effect E
T- Threatened, E -Endangered, Exp -Experimental
18

• ~ ~ L f
Haliaeetus leucocepha/us (Bald Eagle)
Threatened
Family: Accipitridae
Date Listed: March 11, 1967
The bald eagle is a large raptor with a wingspan greater than 6 feet. Adult bald eagles are dark
brown with a white head and tail. Immature eagles are brown with whitish mottling on the tail,
belly, and wing linings. Bald eagles typically feed on fish but may also take birds and small
mammals. In the Carolinas, nesting season extends from December through May (Potter et al.
1980). Bald eagles typically nest in tall, living trees in a conspicuous location near open water.
Eagles forage over large bodies of water and utilize adjacent trees for perching (Hamel 1992).
Disturbance activities within a primary zone extending 750 to 1500 feet from a nest tree are
considered to result in unacceptable conditions for eagles (USFWS 1987). The USFWS
recommends avoiding disturbance activities, including construction and tree-cutting, within this
primary zone. Within a secondary zone, extending from the primary zone boundary out to a
distance of 1.0 mile from a nest tree, construction and land-clearing activities should be restricted
to the non-nesting period. The USFWS also recommends avoiding alteration of natural
shorelines where bald eagles forage, and avoiding significant land-clearing activities within 1500
feet of known roosting sites.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: NO EFFECT
The NCNHP has no documentation (as of June 22, 2006) for bald eagle within 2.0 miles of the
project study area, and no bald eagles were observed during the field investigation. Bald eagles
require open bodies of water lined with large trees for foraging and perching. Habitat of this
nature was not found within the project area.
Picoides borealis (Red-cockaded Woodpecker)
Endangered
Family: Picidae
Date Listed: October 13, 1970
This small woodpecker (7 to 8.5 inches long) has a black head, prominent white cheek patches,
and ablack-and-white barred back. Males often have red markings (cockades) behind the eye,
but the cockades may be absent or difficult to see (Potter et al. 1980). Primary habitat consists of
mature to over-mature southern pine forests dominated by loblolly, long-leaf (Pinus palustris),
pond (P. serotina), and slash (P. elliottii) pines (Thompson and Baker 1971). Nest cavities are
constructed in the heartwood of living pines, generally older than 70 years, which have been
infected with red-heart disease. Nest cavity trees tend to occur in clusters, which are referred to
as colonies (USFWS 1985). The woodpecker drills holes into the bark around the cavity
entrance, resulting in a shiny, resinous buildup around the entrance that allows for easy detection
of active nest trees. Pine flatwoods or pine-dominated savannas maintained by frequent natural
or prescribed fires serve as ideal nesting and foraging sites for this woodpecker. Development of
a thick understory may result in abandonment of cavity trees.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: NO EFFECT
The NCNHP has no documentation (as of June 22, 2006) for red-cockaded woodpecker within
2.0 miles of the project area, and no red-cockaded woodpeckers were observed during the field
investigation. Primary nest sites for red-cockaded woodpeckers include open pine stands greater
than 60 years of age with little or no mid-story development. Foraging habitat is comprised of
l9

f t ~ ~ ,
open pine or pine/mixed hardwood stands 30 years of age or older (Henry 1989). Although the
project area forests contain mature pines, the individuals are scattered throughout a canopy
dominated by hardwoods and cypress. As a result, the forest stands provide inadequate red-
cockaded woodpecker habitat.
2. Federal Species of Concern
The June 22, 2006 USFWS list (USFWS 2006) also includes a category of species designated as
"Federal Species of Concern" (FSC). A species with this designation is one that may or may not
be listed in the future (formerly C2 candidate species or species under consideration for listing for
which there is insufficient information to support listing). The FSC designation provides no
federal protection under the ESA for the species listed. FSC species listed for Northampton
County are presented in Table 5.
NCNHP has no documentation (as of June 22, 2006) of FSC species within 2.0 miles of the
project area. No FSC species were observed during field investigations.
Table 5. Federal Species of Concern
. - ~
p <~ ~ ~
~~}~} p; ~~,77~~~~ `ir x °t
Yv~1lnmOn Y~ame''~
Bog St. John's-wort , $ _;
~ ~ ~ ~; a
''S x ~ ... ~~~~+ ~- r , r ~ jay,
iPin~ll~G.~am~ ,y6~'~ ~
Hypercum adpressum
Potential
{~ 4,, q
~S~~VIN~1r.3
Yes
State

~Sta~*1 .~~
SR-T
American eel Anguilla rostrata Yes None
Cerulean warbler Dendroica cerulea No SR
Reclining bulrush Scirpus flaccidifolius Yes SR-L
Rafinesque's big- Corynorhinus rafinesquii Yes T
Atlantic pigtoe Fusconaia masoni Yes E
Chowanoke crayfish Orconectes virginiensis Yes SC
Green floater Lasmigona subviridis Yes E
Sandhills bog lily Lilium iridollae Yes T
"State Status: R = endangered; SR =Significantly Rare; SR L =Significantly Rare-Limited; SR-T =Significantly
Rare-Proposed Threatened; T =Threatened (Franklin and Finnegan 2004; LeGrand et al. 2004).
VII. CULTURAL RESOURCES
A. Compliance Guidelines
This project is subject to compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of
1966, as amended, and implemented by the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations
for Compliance with Section 106, codified as 36 CFR Part 800. Section 106 requires Federal
agencies to take into account the effect of their undertakings (federally funded, licensed, or permitted
projects) on properties listed in or eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places
and to afford the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation a reasonable opportunity to comment on
such undertakings.
20

B. Historic Architecture
NCDOT architectural historians conducted an intensive field survey of the Area of Potential Effects
(APE) on December 15, 2004. They identified, photographed, mapped, and evaluated all structures
over fifty years of age in the APE. On February 3 2004, they met with representatives from the North
Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (HPO) and FHWA to discuss their findings. It was agreed
that Property #2 (tenant house and outbuilding) is not eligible for the National Register of Historic
Places (NR), but Property #1 (Bridge No. 77) required further investigation. NCDOT had already
sent a letter evaluating the eligibility of the bridge to HPO on January 5, 2004. The letter stated that
Bridge No. 77 is eligible for the NR under Criterion C as one of the earliest, intact examples of a
"Standard 600-C" timber stringer bridge surviving in the state. HPO concurred with this finding in a
memorandum dated March 8, 2004. In a meeting between NCDOT, HPO, and FHWA on September
27, 2005 it was determined that both Alternatives A and B will adversely affect Bridge No. 77, as
they require removal of the structure. HPO also agreed that closure and retention of Bridge No. 77
and the construction of a nearby replacement, as well as its poor condition, raise a series of complex
and costly design and maintenance problems. NCDOT, HPO, and FHWA consequently agreed that
Bridge No. 77 maybe removed after photographic documentation is complete. NCDOT architectural
historians also studied the off-site detour for the project (specifically that portion to receive
improvements) to determine the presence of properties listed on or eligible for the NR. At a June 27,
2006 meeting, NCDOT, HPO, and FHWA agreed that there are no historic architectural properties of
concern located along the off-site detour. Copies of the concurrence forms documenting these
various agreements are included in Appendix A. A Memorandum of Agreement was prepared to
mitigate the adverse effects and is included in Appendix C.
C. Archaeology
The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) reviewed the subject project. There are no known
archaeological sites within the proposed project area, and no archaeological investigation needed to
be conducted (see letter dated May 6, 2005 in Appendix A).
VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
The project is expected to have an overall positive impact. Replacement of an inadequate bridge will
result in safer traffic operations.
The project is a Federal "Categorical Exclusion" due to its limited scope and lack of significant
environmental consequences.
The bridge replacement will not have an adverse effect on the quality of the human or natural
environment with the use of current NCDOT standards and specifications.
The project is not in conflict with any plan, existing land use, or zoning regulation. No substantial change
in land use is expected to result from construction of the project.
No adverse impact on families or communities is anticipated. Right of way acquisition will be limited.
No reiocatees are expected with implementation of the proposed alternative.
No adverse effect on public facilities or services is anticipated.. The project is not expected to adversely
affect social, economic, or religious opportunities in the area.
21

There are no publicly owned recreational facilities, or wildlife and waterfowl refuges of national, state, or
local significance in the vicinity of the project.
No North Carolina Geodetic Survey control monuments will be impacted during construction of this
project.
The Farmland Protection Policy Act requires all federal agencies or their representatives to consider the
potential impacts to prime and important farmland soils by all land acquisition and construction projects.
Prime and important farmland soils are defined by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).
Since there are no prime or important farmlands in the immediate vicinity of the proposed bridge the
Farmland Protection Policy does not apply.
This project is an air quality "neutral" project, so it is not required to be included the regional emission
analysis (if applicable) and a project level CO analysis is not required.
This project is located in Northampton County, which has been determined to be in compliance with the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 40 CFR Part 51 is not applicable, because the proposed project
is located in an attainment area. This project is not anticipated to create any adverse effects on the air
quality of this attainment area.
The traffic volumes will not increase or decrease because of this project. Therefore, the project's impact
on noise and air quality will, not be substantial.
Noise levels could increase during construction but will be temporary. If vegetation is disposed of by
burning, all burning shall be done in accordance with applicable local laws and regulations of the North
Carolina SIP for air quality in compliance with 15 NCAC 2D.0520. This evaluation completes the
assessment requirements for highway traffic noise (23 CFR Part 772) and for air quality (1990 CAAA
and NEPA) and no additional reports are required
An examination of records at the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Division of Water Quality, Groundwater Section and the North Carolina Department of Human
Resources, Solid Waste Management Section revealed no hazardous waste sites in the project area. No
facility with Underground Storage Tanks (UST) was identified in the project vicinity.
Northampton County is a participant in the Federal Fiood Insurance Program. The bridge is located
within an Approximate Study Area. Since the proposed replacement for Bridge No. 77 would be a
structure similar in waterway opening size, it is not anticipated that it will have any significant adverse
impact on the existing floodplain and floodway. The proposed alternative will not modify flow
characteristics and will have a minimal impact on floodplains due to roadway encroachment. The
existing drainage patterns and groundwater will not be affected.
On the basis of the above discussion, it is concluded that no significant adverse environmental effects will
result from implementation of the project.
IX. PROGRAMMATIC SECTION 4(F) EVALUATION
Part 23 CFR 771.135 Section 4(f) (49 U.S.C. 303) states that "The Administrator may not approve the use
of land from a significant publicly owned public park, recreation area, or wildlife and waterfowl refuge,
or any significant historic site unless a determination is made that:
(i) There is no feasible and prudent alternative to the use of land from the property; and
22

(ii) The action includes all possible planning to minimize harm to the property resulting from
such use."
In addition, in accordance with the criteria set forth in the Federal Register December 23, 1986, the
following Programmatic Section 4(fl for Minor Involvements with Historic Sites evaluation was
prepared:
Bridge No. 77 is eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as one of the earliest
examples of a timber stringer bridge in North Carolina.
Since this project necessitates the use of a minor amount of land from a historic site, which is
adjacent to the existing roadway, and since the project meets the criteria set forth in the Federal
Register (December 23, 1986), a programmatic Section 4(f) evaluation satisfies the requirements
of Section 4(f).
The following alternatives,. which avoid use of the historic bridge, have, been fully evaluated: (1) do
nothing; (2) improve the highway without using the adjacent historic site; (3) build the- replacement
structure on new location without using the historic site.
No Build Alternative: The No Build or "Do-Nothing" alternative is not considered feasible and
prudent because the bridge will eventually deteriorate beyond repairand necessitate closure of the-
bridge. This is not prudent due to the traffic service provided by IVC 35.
Rehabilitation of the Existing Bridge: This alternative is not considered to be feasible and prudent
due to the age and deteriorated condition of the existing bridge.
Replacement of Bridge No. 77 on New Location: This alternative was studied however, due to
the higher human and natural environment impacts was not selected.
These alternatives were not found to be feasible and prudent.
All possible planning to minimize harm to the historic site has been performed as an integral part of
this project. The following mitigation measures will be carried out for the replacement of Bridge No.
77:
The approved Memorandum .of Agreement (MOA):
1. Recordation: Prior to the demolition of Bridge No. 77, the NCDOT shall record the existing
condition of the bridge and its surroundings in accordance with the attached Historic Structures
and Landscape Recordation Plan (See Appendix C).
New Bridge Design: The NCDOT shall employ railings of Jersey barrier design for the new
bridge.
2. Dispute Resolution: Disagreement and misunderstanding about the implementation of this
memorandum of agreement shall be resolved in the following manner.
A. If the SHPO or any invited signatory to this memorandum of agreement should object in
writing within thirty (30) days to any plans or documentation provided for review pursuant to
this memorandum of agreement, then the FHWA shall consult with the objecting party to
resolve this objection. If after such consultation the FHWA determines that the objection
23

cannot be resolved through consultation, then the FHWA shall forward all documentation
relevant to the objection to the Council, including the FHWA's proposed response to the
objection. Within forty-five (45) days after receipt of all pertinent documentation, the
Council shall exercise one of the following options:
i. Provide the FHWA with astaff--level recommendation, which the FHWA shall
take into account in reaching a final decision regarding its response to the
objection; or
ii. Notify the FHWA that the objection will be referred for formal comment
pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.7(c) and proceed to refer the objection and
comment. The FHWA shall take into account the Council's comments in
reaching a final decision regarding its response to the objection.
The FHWA shall take into account any Council comment or recommendations provided in
accordance with this stipulation with reference only to the subject of the objection. The FHWA's
responsibility to carry out all actions under the memorandum of agreement that are not the
subjects of the objection shall remain unchanged.
3.. Unanticipated Discoverer In accordance with 36~ CFR 800.11{a) and prior to intitiation of
construction activities, NCDOT shall ensure preparation of a plan of action should archaeological.
or architectural resources be inadvertently or accidentally discovered during. the construction of
the project. The plan shall provide for an assessment of the significance of the discovery in
consultation amongst FHWA, NCDOT, and SHPO. Inadvertent or accidental. discovery of
human remains will be handled in accordance with North Carolina General Statutes 65 and 70.
4. Amendment: Any signatory to this memorandum of agreement may request that it be amended,
whereupon the parties shall consult to consider the proposed amendment. Any such amendment
shall be governed by 36 CFR Section 800.6(c)(7).
Termination: Any signatory to the memorandum of agreement may terminate it by providing
thirty (30) days notice to the other parties, provided that the parties shall consult during the period
prior to termination to seek agreement on amendments or other actions that would avoid
termination. In the event of termination, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR Section 800.3
through 800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking. In the event that the FHWA does not
carry out the terms of this memorandum of agreement, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR
Sections. 800.3 through 800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking.
This project has been coordinated with the North .Carolina State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO),
whose correspondence is included in Appendix A. The SHPO has concurred that this project, as
proposed, has an adverse effect, because the bridge will be replaced with regard to the existing historic
bridge. Approval of the Programmatic Section 4(f) evaluation by the FHWA Division Administrator is
included in this document. The approved Final Nationwide Section 4(fl Evaluation and Approval for
Federally-Aided Highway Proiects with Minor Involvement with Historic Sites is included in Appendix
B.
X. UNRESOLVED ISSUES AND AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
No unresolved issues or areas of controversy have been identified during the planning process and none
are anticipated.
24

.~ ,
XI. AGENCY COMMENTS
Scoping letters were sent to the following agencies listed below. Agencies that responded are marked
with an asterisk (*). Comment letters are included in Appendix A.
Federal Agencies
US Fish and Wildlife Service - Raleigh*
US Army Corps of Engineers - Washington*
US Army Corps of Engineers -Wilmington
Environmental Protection Agency -Raleigh
National Marine Fisheries -Beaufort
US Geological Survey -Raleigh
State Agencies
NC Wildlife Resources Commission*
NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources
NC Division of Water Quality
NC Department of Cultural Resources*
NC Division of Marine Fisheries*
Regional and Local A eg ncies
Northampton County Schools*
Northampton County Schools -Transportation Department*
Northampton County
Northampton County EMS*
Peanut Belt RPO
The following are comments received during the Scoping process:
1. United States Department of the Interior -Fish and Wildlife Service
Comment: "Wetland, forest and designated riparian buffer impacts should be avoided and
minimized to the maximum extent practical."
Response: The preferred alternate, Alternative B replaces the existing bridge on new location
and minimizes human environment impacts and construction costs. The proposed bridge was
lengthened to minimize impacts to Kirby's Creek.
Comment: "Off-site detours should be used rather than construction of temporary, on-site
bridges."
Response: Traffic will be maintained on an off-site detour during construction.
Comment: "Wherever appropriate, construction in sensitive areas should occur outside fish
spawning and migratory bird nesting seasons.....The general moratorium period for anadromous
fish is February 15- June 30."
Response: An in-water work moratorium will be in effect from February 15 to June 30 due to
Anadromous Fish in the project area.
25

Comment: "The bridge design should not alter the natural stream and stream-bank morphology
or impede fish passage."
Response: The bridge will be replaced in the existing location and impacts to the existing stream
will be minimized.
Comment: "Bridges and approaches should be designed to avoid any fill that will result in
damming or constriction of the channel or flood plain."
Response: The bridge will be replaced in the existing location and the final bridge length will be
determined during final design.
2. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
Comment: "We recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Anadromous species are found
in this portion of Kirby's Creek, including alewife and blueback herring. NCDOT should follow
all stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish passage, including an in-water work
moratorium from February 15 to June 15."
Response: The preferred alternate, Alternative A, replaces the existing bridge in the existing
location and minimizes human environment impacts. An in-water work moratorium will be in
effect from February 15 to June 30 due to Anadromous Fish in the project area.
3. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources -Division of Marine Fisheries
Comment: "NCDMF has documented blueback herring and alewife spawning in Kirby's Creek.
The area. is also utilized as a nursery for these species, as well as resident species. The Division
would request an inwater construction moratorium from February 15 -June 30. This will ensure
the environmental integrity is protected during critical times of usage by the previously
mentioned species. This agency would be concerned with any loss and/or impacts to adjacent
wetlands..."
Response: The preferred alternate, Alternative A, replaces the existing bridge in the existing
location and minimizes human environment impacts. An in-water work moratorium will be in
effect from February 15 to June 30 due to Anadromous Fish in the project area.
4. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE)
Comment: "Off-site detours are always preferable to on-site (temporary) detours in wetlands..."
Response: The preferred alternate, Alternative A, replaces the existing bridge in the existing
location and traffic will be maintained by an offsite detour during construction.
Comment: "Project commitments should include the removal of temporary fills from waters and
wetlands..."
Response: There will no temporary fills on this project.
26

5. Northampton County Schools
Comment: "We would simply request advance notice of any road closing or detour so we may
fully educate our drivers on their route changes."
Response: Traffic will be maintained on an off-site detour during construction.
27

FIGI;IRES
Figure 1- Vicinity Map
Figure 2A - Alternate A (Preferred)
Figure 2B- Alternate B
Figure 2C- Alternate B cont.
Figure 3 - Photographs of Bridge No. 77
Figure 4 - Typical Roadway Section
Figure 5 - FEMA Floodplain Map
Figure 6 - Natural Communities Map

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LEGEND
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NORTR' CAROLINA
' a DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROTECT DIE[~ELOPMENT
6 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
NORTfIIflMP71DN COUNTY
BRIDGE N0.77 ON NC 35
OVER KIRBY~ CREEK
TlP NO. B-I2I2
VlCIN1T1' M~lP
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II '~'~~''~'~"~"~'• SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREAS INUNDATED
BY 100-YEAR FLOOD
ZONE A No base flood elevations determined.
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h ~ ZONE AO Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet (uwally sheet
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action}; base flood elevations determined.
OTHER AREAS
35 ZONE X Areas determined to be outside 500-
year flood plain.
ZONED Areas in which flood hazards are
undetermined.
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NORTX CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
NORT~II~AMPTION COUNTY
ZONE X FRIDGE N0.77 ON NC 35
OVER R7RBY'S CREEK
1 T7P NO. B-4212
l 15a3 FEMA FLOODPLAJN MAP
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® Kd'Rd3~"S Lel '°
~'Ik' ®: 212

APPENDIX A
Comments received from Federal, State, and Local Agencies

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United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE.
Raleigh Feld Offi«
Post Office Box 35726
Raleigh, North t:aroliaa 27636.37'26
January 13, 2004
Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D.
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1548
Dear Dr. Thorpe:
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This letter is in response to your request for comments from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(Service) on the potential environmental impacts of the proposed replacement of the following
nine bridges:
• B-4018, Beaufort County, Bridge No. 104 on NC 32 over Broad Creek
• B-4019, Beaufort County, Bridge No. 103 on NC 32 over Runyon Creek
• B-4020, Beaufort/Pitt County, Bridge No. 8 on SR 1403 over Tranters Creek
• B-4055, Carteret County, Bridge No. 22 on SR 1124 over Branch of Newport River
• B-4132, Halifax County, Bridge No. 97 on NC 561 over Looking Glass Swamp
• B-4172, Lenoir County, Bridge No. 9 on NC 55 over Jericho Run
• B-4212, Northampton County, Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 over Kirby's Creek
• B-4321, Wayne County, Bridge No. 17 on SR 1918 over Carraway Creek
• B-4326, Wilson County, Bridge No. 79 on SR 1001 over Bloomery Swamp
These comments provide scoping information in accordance with provisions of the Fish and
Wildlife Coordination Act (16 U.S.C. 661-667d) and section 7 of the Endangered Species Act
(ESA) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543).
For bridge replacement projects, the Service recommends the following general conservation
measures to avoid or minimize environmental impacts to fish and wildlife resources:
Wetland, forest and designated riparian buffer impacts should be avoided and minimized
to the maximum extent practical;
2. If unavoidable wetland impacts are proposed, every effort should be made to identify
compensatory mitigation sites in advance. Project planning should include a detailed
compensatory mitigation plan for offsetting unavoidable wetland impacts. Opportunities
to protect mitigation areas in perpetuity via conservation easements, land trusts or by

other means should be explored at the outset;
3. Off-site detours should be used rather than construction of temporary, on-site bridges.
For projects requiring an on-site detour in wetlands or open water, such detours should be
aligned along the side of the existing structure which has the least and/or least quality of
fish and wildlife habitat. At the completion of construction, the detour area should be
entirely removed and the impacted areas be planted with appropriate vegetation, including
trees if necessary;
4. Wherever appropriate, construction in sensitive areas should occur outside fish spawning
and migratory bird nesting seasons. In waterways that may serve as travel corridors for
fish, in-water work should be avoided during moratorium periods associated with
migration, spawning and sensitive pre-adult life stages. The general moratorium period
for anadromous fish is February 15 -June 30;
5. New bridges should be long enough to allow for sufficient wildlife passage along stream
' corridors;
b. Best Management Practices (BMP) for Protection of Surface Waters should be
implemented;
7. Bridge designs should include provisions for roadbed and deck drainage to flow through a
vegetated buffer prior to reaching the affected stream. This buffer should be large enough
to alleviate any potential effects from run-off of storm water and pollutants;
8. The bridge designs should not alter the natural stream and stream-bank morphology or
impede fish passage. To the extent possible, piers and bents should be placed outside the
bank-full width of the stream;
9. Bridges and approaches should be designed to avoid any fill that will result in damming
or constriction of the channel or flood plain. If spanning the flood plain is not feasible,
culverts should be installed in the flood plain portion of the approach to restore some of
the hydrological functions of the flood plain and reduce high velocities of flood waters
within the affected azea.
A list of federally protected species for each county in North Carolina can be found at h ://nc-
es.fws.gov/es/countvfr.html . Additional information about the habitats in which each species is
often found can also be found at http://endangered.fws.gov . Please note, the use of the North
Carolina Natural Heritage Program data should not be substituted for actual field surveys if
suitable habitat occurs neaz the project site. If suitable habitat exists in the project azea, we
recommend that biological surveys for the listed species be conducted and submitted to us for
review. All survey documentation must include survey methodologies and results.
We do not have any specific comments for the individual projects, with the exception of the
following two:

B-4020, Beaufort/Pitt County -There is a past occurrence of the West Indian manatee
(Trichechus manatus) less than one mile south of the project area. The Service's
Guidelines For Avoiding Impacts To The West Indian Manatee: Precautionary
Measures for Constraction Activities in North Carolina Waters should be
implemented to min;mime impacts to this species. These guidelines can be found at
http://nc-es.fws.gov/es/publications.html .
B-4055, Carteret County -There are known occurrences ofred-cockaded woodpeckers
(Picoides borealis) and rough-leaved loosestrife (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) within two
and three miles, respectively, of the project azea. If habitat for these or any other listed
species occurs at the site, appropriate surveys should be conducted. In addition, this site
occurs within the Croatan Game Lands area. Impacts to this protected area should be
minimized to the maximum extent practical.
We reserve the right to review any federal permits that maybe required for this project, at the
public notice stage. Therefore, it is important that resource agency coordination occur early in
the planning process in order to resolve any conflicts that may arise and minimize delays in
project implementation. In addition to the above guidance, we recommend that the
environmental documentation for this project include the following in sufficient detail to
facilitate a thorough review of the action:
1. A clearly defined and detailed purpose and need for the proposed project;
2. A description of the proposed action with an analysis of all alternatives being considered,
including the "no action" alternative;
3. A description of the fish and wildlife resources, and their habitats, within the project
impact azea that may be directly or indirectly affected;
4. The extent and acreage of ~vaters of the U.S., including wetlands, that aze to be impacted
by filling, dredging, clearing, ditching, or draining. Acres of wetland impact should be
differentiated by habitat type based on the wetland classification scheme of the National
Wetlands Inventory (NWI). Wetland boundaries should be determined by using the 198?
Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation iVianual and verified by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers;
5. The anticipated environmental impacts, both temporary and permanent, that would be
likely to occur as a direct result of the proposed project. -The assessment should also
include the extent to which the proposed project would result in secondary impacts to
natural resources, and how this and similaz projects contribute to cumulative adverse
effects;
6. Design features and construction techniques which would be employed to avoid or
minimize the fragmentation or direct loss of wildlife habitat and waters of the US;

7. If unavoidable wetland impacts are proposed, project planning should include a detailed
compensatory mitigation plan for offsetting the unavoidable impacts.
The Service appreciates the opportunity to comment on this project. Please continue to advise us
during the progression of the planning process, including your official determination of the
impacts of this project. If you have any questions regarding our response, please contact Mr.
Gary Jordan at [phone], ext. 32.
cc:
Sincerely,
~~~~~~~~
c-~
Garland B. Pardue, Ph.D.
. Ecological Services Supervisor
Mike Bell, USACE, Washington, NC
Bill Biddlecome, USACE, Washington, NC
John Hennessy, NCDWQ, Raleigh, NC
Travis Wilson, NCWRC, Creedmoor, NC
Chris Militscher, USEPA, Raleigh, NC

Group 50 Bridge Replacement Project.- B-4212; Northampton County; Replacek -.P`ag~1~a1~3
Greg Purvis
(~
From: Biddlecome, Vlfitl"lam J SAW [William.J.Biddlecome~saw02.usace.amry.mill _ ,
Sent: .Friday, February 06, 2004 1:44 PM
To: '[e-mail]'
Subject: Group 50 Bridge Replacement Project - B-4212, Northampton County, Replace Bridge No. 77 on
NC 35 over Kirby's Creek
Mr. Vance:
The following are my comments concerning the above project:
1. Based on the information provided for the project, it appears that the proposed bridge replacement
project might impact jurisdictional wetlands and waters. Department of the Army (DA) permit
authorization, pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1977, as amended, will be required for
the discharge of excavated or fill material in waters of the United States or any adjacent wetlands in
conjunction with this project, including disposal of construction debris. Specific permit requirements
will depend on design of the projects, extent of fill work within the waters of the United States,
including wetlands, construction methods, and other factors.
2. Although this project may qualify as a Categorical Exclusion, to qualify for nationwide permit
authorization under Nationwide Permit #23, the project planning report should contain sui~cient
information to document that the proposed activity does not have more than a minimal individual or
cumulative impact on the aquatic environment. All activities, including temporary construction, access,
and dewatering activities, should be included in the project planning report.
3. The project planning report should contain the amount of permanent and temporary impacts to
waters and wetlands as well as a description of the type of habitat that will be affected by the proposed
project. In addition, the report should provide an estimate of the lineaaz feet of adverse impacts to
streams resulting from construction of the project. The project planning report should provide accurate
estimates of wetland and stream impacts based on preliminary project design and verified wetland
delineations.
4. Off-site detours are always preferable to on-site (temporary) detours in wetlands. If an on-site detour
is the recommended action, justification should be provided that demonstrates that alternatives with
lower wetland impacts are not practicable. On-site detours, unless constructed on a spanning structure
or on a previous detour that was used in a past construction activity, can cause permanent wetland
impacts due to sediment consolidation resulting from the. on-site detour itself and associated heavy
equipment. Substantial sediment consolidation in wetland systems may in turn cause. fragmentation of
the wetland and impair the ecological and hydrologic functions of the wetland. Thus, on-site detours
constructed in wetlands can result in more than minimal wetland impacts. These types of wetland
impacts will be considered as permanent wetland impacts. Please note that an on-site detour constructed
on a spanning structure can potentially avoid permanent wetland impacts and should be considered.
whenever an on-site detour is the recommended action. For projects where a spanning structure is not
feasible, the NCDOT should investigate the existence of previous on-site detours at the site that were
used in previous construction activities. These areas should be utilized for on-site detours whenever
possible to minimi~.e wetland impacts.
2/9/2004

Group 50 Bridge Replacement Project - B-4212, Northampton County, Replace ... Page 2 of 3
~. For proposed projects and associated on-site detours that cause minimal losses of wetlands, an
approved wetland restoration and monitoring plan will be required prior to issuance of a DA nationwide
or Regional general permit. For proposed projects and associated on-site detours that cause substantial
wetland losses, an individual DA permit and a compensatory mitigation proposal for the unavoida`b`le
wetland impacts may be required.
6. Project commitments should include the removal of all temporary fills from waters and wetlands and
"time-of-yeaz" restrictions on in-stream.work if recommended by the NC Wildlife Resources
Commission, NC Division of Marine Fisheries, or the NOAH Marine Fisheries Service. In addition, if
undercutting is necessary for temporary detours, the undercut material should be stockpiled on an upland
site and later used to restore the site.
7. All restored azeas should be planted with endemic vegetation including. trees, if appropriate. For
projects proposing a temporary on-site detour in wetlands, the entire detour area, including any previous
detour from past construction activities, should be removed in its entirety.
8. The project planning report should discuss and recommend bridge demolition methods and shall
include the impacts of bridge demolition and debris removal in addition to the impacts of constructing
the bridge. The report should also incorporate the bridge demolition policy recommendations pursuant
to the NCDOT policy entitled "Bridge Demolition and Removal in Waters of the United States" dated
September 20, 1999. Bridge demolition shall follow NCDOT best management practices for
construction and maintenance activities dated August 2003. Bridge demolition into the creek should be
avoided unless no feasible alternative is available.
9. Lengthening existing bridges can often benefit the ecological and hydrological functions of the
associated wetlands and streams. In addition, longer bridges would also enhance the existing crossing
for wildlife passage thereby creating a safer roadway. Most bridge approaches are connected to earthen
causeways that were built over wetlands and streams. Replacing these causeways with longer bridges
would allow previously impacted wetlands to be restored. In an effort to encourage this type of work,
mitigation credit for wetland restoration activities can be provided to offset the added costs of
lengthening an existing bridge.
10. All work related to Federal Endangered Species as required by Section 7 of the Endangered Species
Act including copies of all correspondence and meeting minutes with the NOAA Marine Fisheries
Service and the US Fish and Wildlife Service associated with the subject projects should be coordinated
with this office.
If you have questions or comments you can reach me by a-mail at
William [e-mail] or by telephone at [phone] ext.31.
Sincerely,
William J. Biddlecome
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Project Manager
Regulatory Division
Washington Field Office
2/9/2004

~~ North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
Charles IL Fullwood, Ese~uti~•e Director
v1E~1ORANDUM
3
`TO: Elmo Vance
Project Development-and Environmental Analysis Branch, NCDOT
FROM: Travis Wilson, Highway Project Coordinator .°~ ~~ -
Habitat Conservation Program
DATE: February 5, 2004
SUBJECT: NCDOT Bridge Replacements in Beaufort, Carteret, Halifax, Lenoir, ,
Northampton, Wayne, and Wilson counties. TIP Nos. B-4018, B-4019, B-4020,
B-4055, B-4132, B-4172, B-4212, B-4321, and B-4326
Biologists with the N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) have reviewed the
information provided and have the following preliminary comments on the subject project. Our
comments are provided in accordance with provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act
(42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(c)) and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Scat. 401, as amended; 16
L.S.C. 661-667d).
Our standard recommendations for bridge replacement projects of this scope are as
follows:
1. We generally prefer spanning structures. Spanning structures usually do not require
work within the stream and do not require stream channel realignment. The horizontal
and vertical clearances provided by bridges allows for human and wildlife passage
beneath the structure, does not block fish passage, and does not block navigation by
canoeists and boaters.
?. Bridge deck drains should not discharge directly into the stream.
3_ Live concrete should not be allowed to contact the water in or entering into the stream.
-I. If possible, bridge supports (bents) should not be placed in the stream.
~T1lhilti Address: Dicisic7T1 Ui jil:...a_.~ 1'. nrr:.. (~_' ~ ~t.i!~ SCr:"I:~ r.~..".. ,:3:~1;:•`,. ~ ~~._ "~~)~-17~:
Telephone: :+l`a. - ~-;(,i3 cs~. _'';i Fax: ":'~ .. --~-~

Bridge Memo 2 February 5, 2004 , ~ ,
5. If temporary access roads or detours are constructed, they should be removed back to
original ground elevations immediately upon the completion of the project. Disturbed
areas should be seeded or mulched to stabilize the soil and native tree species should
be planted with a spacing of not more than 10'x10'. If possible, when using temporary
structures the area should be cleared but not grubbed. Clearing the area with chain
saws, mowers, bush-hogs, or other mechanized equipment and leaving the stumps and
root mat intact, allows the area to revegetate naturally and minimizes disturbed soil.
6. A clear bank (riprap free) area of at least 10 feet should remain on each side of the
steam underneath the bridge.
7. In trout waters, the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission reviews all U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers nationwide and general `404' permits. We have the option of
requesting additional measures to protect trout and trout habitat and we can
recommend that the project require an individual .`404' permit.
8. In streams that contain threatened or endangered species, NCDOT biologist Prfr.~ST k ~„~,~
should be notified. Special measures to protect these sensitive species may be ~~~ °~t
required. NCDOT should also contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for
information on requirements of the Endangered Species Act as it relates to the project.
9. In streams that are used by anadromous fish, the NCDOT official policy entitled
"Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage (May 12, 1997)" should
be followed.
10. In areas with significant fisheries for sunfish, seasonal exclusions may also be
recommended.
11. Sedimentation and erosion control measures sufficient to protect aquatic resources
must be implemented prior to any ground disturbing activities. Structures should be
maintained regularly, especially following rainfall events.
12. Temporary or permanent herbaceous vegetation should be planted on all bare soil
within 15 days of ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
13. All work in or adjacent to stream waters should be conducted in a dry work area.
Sandbags, rock berms, cofferdams, or other diversion structures should be used
where possible to prevent excavation in flowing water.
14. Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank rather than in stream channels in
order to minimize sedimentation and reduce the likelihood of introducing other
pollutants into streams.
15. Only clean, sediment-free rock should be used as temporary fill (causeways), and
should be removed without excessive disturbance of the natural stream bottom when
construction is completed.
16. During subsurface investigations, equipment should be inspected daily and
maintained to prevent contamination of surface waters from leaking fuels, lubricants,
hydraulic fluids, or other toxic materials.
If corrugated metal pipe arches, reinforced concrete pipes, or concrete box culverts are
used:

' ~ Bridge Memo 3 February 5, 2004
1. The culvert must be designed to allow for aquatic life and fish passage. GeneraIty, the
culvert or pipe invert should be buried at least 1 foot below the natural streambed _
(measured from the natural thalweg depth). If multiple barrels are required, barrels
other than the base flow barrel(s) should be placed on or near stream bankfull or
floodplain bench elevation (similar to Lyonsfield design). These should be
reconnected to floodplain benches as appropriate. This may be accomplished by
utilizing sills on the upstream and downstream ends to restrict or divert flow to the
base flow barrel(s). Silted barrels should be filled with sediment so as not to cause
noxious or mosquito breeding conditions. Sufficient water depth should be provided
in the base flow barrel(s) during low flows to accommodate fish movement. If
culverts are longer than 40-50 linear feet, alternating or notched baffles should be
installed in a manner that mimics existing stream pattern. This should enhance
aquatic life passage: 1) by depositing sediments in the barrel, 2) by maintaining
chanhel depth and flow regimes, and 3) by providing resting places for fish and other
aquatic organisms. In essence, base flow barrel(s) should provide a continuum of
water depth and channel width without substantial modifications of velocity..
2. If multiple pipes or cells are used, at least one pipe or box should be designed to
remain dry during normal flows to allow for wildlife passage.
3. Culverts or pipes should be situated along the existing channel alignment whenever
possible to avoid channel realignment. Widening the stream channel must be avoided.
Stream channel widening at the inlet or outlet end of structures typically decreases
water velocity causing sediment deposition that requires increased maintenance and
disrupts aquatic life passage.
4. Riprap should not be placed in the active thalweg channel or placed in the streambed
in a manner that precludes aquatic life passage. Bioengineering boulders or structures
should be professionally designed, sized, and installed.
In most cases, we prefer the replacement of the existing structure at the same location
with road closure. If road closure is not feasible, a temporary detour should be designed and
located to avoid wetland impacts, minimize the need for clearing and to avoid destabilizing
stream banks. If the structure will be on a new alignment, the old structure should be removed
and the approach fills removed from the 100-yea= floodplain. Approach fills should be removed
down to the natural ground elevation. The area should be stabilized with grass and planted with
native tree species. If the area reclaimed was previously wetlands, NCDOT should restore the
area to wetlands. If successful, the site may be utilized as mitigation for the subject project or
other projects in the watershed.
Project specific comments:
1. B-4018, Beaufort County, Bridge No. 104 over Broad Creek on NC 32. We recommend
replacing this bridge with abridge. -Adult and juvenile anadromous species are found in
this portion of Broad Creek, including striped bass, American shad, river herring, and
hickory shad. iv'CDOT should follow all stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish
passage, including an in-water work moratorium from February 15 to September 30.
Standard recommendations apply.

Bridge V[emo 4 February 5, 2004 '
2. B-4019, Beaufort County, Bridge No. 103 over Runyon Creek on NC 32. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge: Adult and juvenile anadromous species
are found in this portion of Runyon Creek, including striped bass, American shad, river
herring, and hickory shad. NCDOT should follow all stream crossing guidelines for
anadromous fish passage, including an in-water work moratorium from February 15 to
September 30. Standard recommendations apply.
3. B-4020, Beaufort County, Bridge No. 8 over Tranter's Creek on SR 1403. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Adult and juvenile anadromous species
are found in this portion of Tranter's Creek, including striped bass, American shad, river
herring, and hickory shad. NCDOT should follow all stream crossing guidelines for
anadromous fish passage, including an in-water work moratorium from February 15 to
September 30. Standard recommendations apply.
4. B-405, Carteret County, Bridge No. 22 over Branch of Newport River on SR 1124. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Adult and juvenile anadromous species
are found in this area, including striped bass, American shad, blueback herring, and
hickory shad. NCDOT should follow all stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish
passage, including an in-water work moratorium from February 15 to September 30.
Standard recommendations apply.
5. B-4132, Halifax County, Bridge No. 97 over Looking Glass Swamp on NC 561. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Anadromous species are found in this
portion of Looking Glass Swamp, including alewife and blueback herring. NCDOT
should follow all stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish passage, including an
in-water work moratorium from February 15 to June 15. Standard recommendations
apply.
6. B-4172, Lenoir County, Bridge No. 9 over Jericho Run on NC 55. We recommend
replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standard recommendations apply.
7. B-42 i 2, Northampton County, Bridge No. 77 over Kirby's Creek on NC 35. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Anadromous species aze found in this
portion of Kirby's Creek, including alewife and blueback herring. NCDOT should
follow all stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish passage, including an in-water
work moratorium from February 15 to June 15. Standazd recommendations apply.
8. B-4321, Wayne County, Bridge No. `17 over Caraway Creek on SR 1918. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Anadromous species are found in this
portion of Caraway Creek, including alewife and blueback herring. NCDOT should
follow ail stream crossing guidelines for anadromous fish passage, including an in-water
work moratorium from February 15 to June 15. Standard recommendations apply.
9. B-4326, Wilson County, Bridge No..79 over Bloomery Swamp on SR 1001. We
recommend replacing this bridge with a bridge. Standazd recommendations apply.
VCDOT should routinely minimize adverse impacts to fish and wildlife resources in the
vicinity of bridge replacements. Restoring previously disturbed floodplain benches should
narrow and deepen streams previously widened and shallowed during initial bridge installation.
NCDOT should install and maintain sedimentation control measures throughout the life of the
project and prevent vet concrete from contacting water iri or entering into these streams.
Replacement of bridges with spanning structures of some type, as opposed to pipe or box

• • ~ Bridge Memo 5 February 5, 2004
cul~-erts, is recommended in most cases. Spanning structures allow wildlife passage along
streambanks and reduce habitat fragmentation.
If you need further assistance or information on NCWRC concerns regarding bridge
replacements, please contact me at [phone]. Thank you for the opportunity to review and
comment on these projects.
Cc: Gary Jordan, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh

• .
~r/~
~~~~
NCDENR
i~ie~ ~h Ca; ;fin ~ ~ ::parZrrsnt of Environment and Natural Resources
'ai~,::~cl ~ ~~sisy, Governor Division of Marine Fisheries Preston P. PateJr., Director
':iii=~ ... =css !r.. ~ecreiary
MEMORANDUM:
T0: Gregory Thorpe, NC DOT Environmental Management Director
THROUGH: Mike Street, Chief Habitat Section
FROM: Sara E. Winslow, Northern District Managei~/~~~
SUBJECT: NC DOT- Group 50 Bridge Replacement Projects
DATE: January 26, 2004
p [~6(~On~%:-
~ - 32004 i
-~= Di~F-HABITAT
The NC Division of Marine Fisheries has reviewed the information relative to
bridge replacements and submits the following comments pursuant to General Statute
113-131.
B-4132 -Halifax County -Bridge No. 97 -Looking Glass Creek
NCDMF has conducted an anadromous spawning area survey in this creek but
did not encounter any anadromous species. Thus, the Division would not request an
inwater construction moratorium. This agency would be concerned with the loss and/or
impacts to adjacent wetlands. The importance of wetlands to fisheries production and
water quality is well documented.
B-4212 - Northhampton County -Bridge No. 77 - Kirby's Creek
NCDMF has documented blueback herring and alewife spawning in Kirby's Creek.
The area is also utilized as a nursery for these species, as well as resident species. The
Division would request an inwater construction moratorium from February 15 -June
30. This will ensure the environmental integrity is protected during critical times of
usage b the previously mentioned species. This agency would be concerned with any
loss or impacts to adjacent wetlands. The importance of wetlands to fisheries
production and water quality is well documented.
. .. :. _ _
..: . _
- atura!!

JI.L-aC-Cl7bO no=-rc rrom=rR. wt
7a7 ram ix~ ro:ya7 brr yr~t4 r.L~z'
Federal Aid # DRS1't'-35(.1) T/P # 8-4212 t^i-unty: Northampton
CONCURRTNCr r~M.. M'OR PROPGRTIL~S 1VOT FLIGCt;LF FOR
T~AF NATIONAL ltL~G1.STCR OF I~.1S,,,,_ 1'OR1C PLACE4
Projrrl Dc.+cripfwn: Replace 6rldge NO. 77 on NC 35 over Kirby's Creek, including off-61te detour
with improvements. Thls document concerns the of'f-site detour; see effects concurrence form
dstod September 27.2005 for Itnmediste project area.
On June 27, 2006 rt:prestctttnuver of the
X North Carolina Dcparttncnt oFTrnnrportntion (NCDOT)
X Fodaral Highway Admirtirtrrtion (FHWA)
X North Carolina State Hitttoric t'rercrvation Office (I-TT'O)
^ Other
Reviewed the subject project at
^ Scoping mooting
X Historic architcclurul reaourets photograt+h rcvrew l+ertrion/conetultntion
^ Othu
All parties present agreed
c~ Therc arc ttn pro~rtrttev Over lifly scary old withtn the project's area of potential affaets.
There are fro pmpertien lore ihnn fifty ycart old which arr. ecxtsidertd to meet Criteria Conriderntion G within the
pro~ect't: area of potential effects.
There are pmpercieer over ftRy years ald within the pmject'y AtCtr of Potential Fffeetr (APB, but bttxod on Iht
hi3torieai information available and the photographs of each pntpaty. the pmpt:ny idenhfitd as (fiat Atbc6ed) ie
cx+nstdered not etigibk far tht Natic~txtl Rtgieter and tto further evaluation of it is ntxe+xary. IVo • ~ ~ E
,~ Thus are no National Regiaer-listed or Cwdy TaFted pmpunes within the project's area of poienaal etPecaH•
'~ All pmpertier greats than ;0 yeattr of rage located in the APE have boon corutidtxod at this consultation. and bared
upon the abrve cottcatrence, ell contpliancefor historic nrchttectttrtwith Section IOF+o€the Natitntal Historic
Preaervatintt Act attd GS 121-12(a) ltaa been rAmpktod for thin pnnjcct{o#~_s~~ dtat>~ur a'•~1~1~
l~~Y1° ba` ~w~re~r
^ Thus arc rro historic properaev affected by this project. {Atrach atry n~Nes nr dr-cunrentr as needrr~
Signed:
• ' e~G.
Reprc+untative, NCDOT Unte
6,/v-~ 'z- 7- //~ O~
FHWA, tbrthel)ivteion Adminiytr tor, c~rhtr Fodtrrrl Agrncy At<tc
-,~~ 7 ~' ~
Rc~catenL~tive, T1T'O t?art
-fQ.D... 6.~~.~
Statt 1'IINTOr1e !'reNeYvnUon Of~eer ~ Oats
tf a survey ratr+n i~ rrgwn~, a final copy of this limn And tbemttrchat list will ta' ntcludad

Su P ~ iZ S E.~ ~ S A.C~t:£~~n~ l
r~ F Sul_`~ ~q ~ zoo, `f,
Federal Aid # BRSTP 35(1) TIP# B-4212 County: Northampton,.'
CONCURRENCE FORM FOR ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS
Project Description: Replace Bridge No. 77 on NC 35-over Kirby's Creek.
On May 31, 2005 representatives of the
X North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT)
X .Federal Highway Adnunistration (FHWA)
X North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (HPO)
^ Other
Reviewed the subject project and agreed
^ There are no effects on the National Register-listed property/properties located within
the project's area of potential effect and listed on the reverse.
^ There are no effects on the National Register-eligible property/properties located within
the project's area of potential effect and listed on the reverse.
^ There is an effect on the National Register-listed propertylproperties located within the
project's area of potential effect. The property/properties and the effect(s) are listed on
the reverse.
X There is an effect on the National Register-eligibleproperty/properties located within the
project's area of potential effect. The property/properties and effect(s) are listed on the
Representative,
FHWA, for the Division
B~-
Representative, HPO
or other Federal Agency

Date
~ . 2~•uSJ
Date
Date
q• ~~ -e 5
State Historic Preservation Officer Date

Federal Aid # BRSTP-35(1) TIP# B-4Z12 County: Northampton
Properties within the area of potential effect for which there is no effect.. indicate if property is
National Register-listed (NR) or determined eligible (DE).
Properties withiti the area of potential effect for which there is an effect. Indicate property status
(NR or DE) and describe the effect.
Both Alternatives A and B (the latter is the preferred) adversely affect Bridge No. 77, determined
eligible for the National Register in 2004, as they require the removal of the structure. The age
and condition of the bridge argue against its practicable rehabilitation. Closure and retention of
Bridge No. 77 and the construction of a nearby repiaceaient raise a series of complex and costly
design and maintenance probiems. NCDOT and NCHPO consequently have agreed that Bridge
No. 77 may be removed after photographic documentation is complete (drawings exist for the
structure).
N.B. This agreement supersedes that documented by a concurrence form dated July 19, 2004.
Reason(s) why the effect is not adverse (if applicabie)_
Initialed: NCDOT ~~_ FHWA ~ HPO '-.~-

w- ~ . ~w~ a..... tea.. • ..... w. • ai~~ . JU 1 ~ J ~ T- -_
.~ ~
~~~~
North Carolina Dei-srtment of Cuttarai Resonras
6tata$irtsrk Preeerv:tie>fattice .. .
Micbm~l F. Faslcy, Gavanor
Listxtlr C. Eram, Soacwy
Jeffrty 1. Gow, Deputy Seccesry
Office of Mchiva and History
March i3; 2004
M~uoxnNpuM'
191J. !J7 VC1G
Divitian of Histories) Rnow+ees
David L S. Brook DKecter
CJTt1f:~S ~~;il?~ ~ ,
AECEiVED!
MAk 12 20Qt
?O: GregThorpq Ph.D., Director ~ . •.. _ .
ice- y-.
Projeu Development and EttvirotltnentalAralysis Braact>~;.w,y~:' ~ _ ~:~~`,;,-
a:.
!~CDoTDivisioaofFiighmays. `-----~--~.-: ~~~ . ••_,
FROM-- ~ David-Brovk- .y~~~7W~:
SUBJECT: Rcplacc Budge: No. 77 on NC 35 over Kirby's£:e~ I -
Noahatnpcon County, ER04-0078
Tl:.wlc you for pour letter of)anuarq 5, 2004, coacemiag the above project
We have reviewed the additional-research you p:ovidedia_ynur.letter eanceming thretigtbiiity-
of Btidgc 77 ova IG:by's Creek
For purposes of cotnpliancc with Secaeaa-1Dli.o{t1u.Natioual.Hismricpsesctvaaon Act, are
concur thu the foIloariag structure is eliglbk for cite National Reg~ste= of Historic Places:
Bridge No. 77 oa NC 35 over IGrby's Creek, is eligible for the National
Rtgistet under-Csitcdon C as-one-of the-earliestrsamples of a timber
stringer bridge is Nosth C'roliaa. - . - -
The above co+~~*t*+ts are trade pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservarion
Act and the Advisory Counal'on Histotre-Pttsetvs~oa's Rrgttlarioas for Compliance oath
Section lf)frcodifscd-at-.3G-CFR-Pa=t-~ -
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you )rave questions coacetsxing the
above comment, conract Reaec Gledhill-Earley, caviroameatal review coozdiaatory at
919/733-4763. Ia all fume comtnutticadon concealsng this project, please rte the above
referenced nicking-number.
cr. ~ Mary Pope FuZr,-NCDO?
l.ontioa 1Na111~ As70rsp Td~Fq
MMINtS'[Rw77oN 507 N. Dlowgl St Rralei6h, NC 4617 Mail Sariee Comer; Rabigk NC 27699-1617 1919) 733•/T63'~733-BEST
tlpsrott~77oly St S N. Dlonm Sr, italeislr. A1C 4617 Mail Serviee t:eaoa. kNogh. NC 27699.6 t7 [phone].7150801
sua~~rrrrn~mve:. ns~ra~oac9c-.~le. 4aaa-~l~S.~w..eaar~Aal.i~+.xC.u`9o-ect7 roi9)z33.a76i,TU-aaot

r
' ~ Federal Aid !~ BRSTP-35{lj . TIP ~- B-4212. Cm~nry: l~iort5ampton
CONCURRENCE FORM FOR PROPERTIES NOT ELIGIBLE FOR
Tl3E_NATIONAL REGISTER OF ]iQSTORIC PLACES
ProJecr Descripdor. Repbee Bridge No. 77 over Yrirby's Creek on NC 35
Oa £ehrnat'}- 3,?.QQ4.reprasenratixes.of the
X North Carolina Department of'I~ansportation (NCDO"I)
X Federal Highway Admia~ion (FHWA)
X North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (HPO)
^ Other
12eviewed the wbject project at
~. Stnpingmeetirt~
X. Historic vtGw.seseionlrGna,lration
^ ~~
AU parties presort egtee~
^ Tbere are no properties over fifty yeah ofd within the project's aroa of potential egects.
X There arrr no properties less then filly years ald which are considered to meet Criteria Consideration G within the
project's area Of nntrnti~t efier~,
X_ Tberc are pmpetdes~aYrzSBlc.ye:tre.old.within.the.project's ArmafPatential Effecu jAPE)..buc based oathe
historical information available and the photographs of each property, the property identified as flt2- Teoaot
House sod Outhstikllag..is_cansides+ed.not.eligible.for.the Nntonal Ragister.aad.ao.futthsr evalaation of it is
neeossary.
X There are no Nsttiooal Register-listedur.StLdlr.Listedpropactiesurithia.theprnject's area of potreatial sffects.
All properties greater than SO years of age located in the APE have been considered at this consultation, and based
upon the above eonevrrenee,. alLeompGaace .far.historie acehiteentra with Seetioa lOti of the National Historic
Preservation Act sad GS 12l • l2(a) has been completed for this project.
There<areao historic~lsopaties8ffoeted.hy thicpraject_..(~t~cchar,~rlore:.oc daermrents ac »eeded)
;- -- --
21H
FHV~FA; for the bivision ~iAistrator; orethZtFederal•Ageney Date
ltep native, HPO ~ ~ Dare
S
If a surey report is prepared. a final copy.of Chic tbtm end nc~ eutact-ed tut will he included.
ttepresentanve, Ivc;uUt sure

~fici~ael F. Easlry, Governor
lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
J~rJ- ~, Dm~~ se~re~y
May G, 2005
~1FMORANDUM
~s ~$tA~ro ,l.''r ~ ~ ~ ~
~•,.~rVS PAflTICIPATI{~t
~ ~ REDEjVED
'tea '~' ~ MAY i 1 2005
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office ~~--•.::,~~ ~~~;;,;~
Peter B. Satt~eck, Admmsocaaoc ""
OfEce of Archives and Iiietocy
Division of Hismrical Reaourca
David Bmo1S Direcoor
TO: Greg Thorpe, Manager
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
NCDOT Division of Highways
FROM: Peter Sandbeck I L~ ~~~~
SUBJECT: Federal Categorical Exclusion, Bridge 77 on NC 35 over Kirby's Creek, TIP B-4212,
Northampton County, ER 04-0078
Thank you for pour letter of March 22, 2005, transmitting the Categorical. Exclusion (CE) for the above
project We believe the CE adequately addresses our concerns for historic resources.
The above comments aze made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR
Part 800.
Thank you for pour cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763. In all future
communication concerning this project, please cite the above referenced tracking number.
cc: John F. Sullivan
NCDOT, Federal Highway Administration
Lonrion Mailing Addreaa Tefephme/Fa:
ADMINISTRATION 507 N. Blount Street, Raleigh NC 1617 Mal Setria CaueS Ralagl< NC 27699-1617 [phone]/733653
RESTORATION 515 N. Blamt St¢er, Raleigh NC 4617 Mal Service Cana, Raldgh NC 27699-1617 (919)733~6547/715a80]
SL"R~'EY & PLANNING 515 N. Bb~mt Street, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mal Service Genres Raleigh NC 27699-4617 [phone]/715-4801

WA,.6 Cyta~..~~~

~ a1~ Northampton County Schools
• Post Office Box 158.320 Bagley Drive
.~0.""~' ' Jackson, North Carolina 27845 ~r~a R~ e=~
v °^• N•~~` Telephone: [phone] • Fax: [phone] ~~~ ~ ~~,~
Mr. James W. Pickens, Sr.
Superintendent
3-q2~2
~ ~~ ivar~
`. G ?+~G~SSISt~
?~~~ y~Q,
Febroary 5, 2004 -~
~y
s~`e~~'~~an
~.~.:r.,,.,
Gregory J. Thorpe, PhD.,
Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental
Analysis Branch
Dear Mr. Thorpe,
The Transportation Department of Northampton County is in receipt of your letter
dated January 8, 2004. regarding the request for comments on Group SO Bridge
Replacement Project. While this will greatly affect our bus routes, we do understand the
necessity for such a project. Twenty of ow buses on the eastern end of Northampton
County travel this particular site but can be rerouted if necessary to accommodate our
students We would simply request advance notice of any road closing or detow so we
may fully educate our drivers on their route changes.
~- ' ~We do appreciate all the Department of Transportation does in helping maintain
safe roads for the students of Northampton County.
Sincerely,
~~~
s~
Pamela C. Woodard
Transportation Coordinator
Pw
"Dedicated to Excellence"

June 6, 2005
I spoke with Ronald Storey, Northampton County Emergency Management Director and
the County does not have any issues with an offsite detour for this project.
Greg Purvis, P.E.
Project Manager
Wang Engineering

APPENDIX B
Programmatic Section 4(t) Evaluation

NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION
FINAL NATIONWIDE SECTION 4(f) EVALUATION AND APPROVAL
FOR FEDERALLY-AIDED HIGHWAY PROJECTS WITH MINOR INVOLVEMENTS WITH
HISTORIC SITES
F. A. Project:
State Project
T. I. P. No.
BRSTP-35(1)
33558.1.1
B-4212
DESCRIPTION:
Replace Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 over Kirby's Creek in Northampton County, North
Carolina. Bridge No. 77 is eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as one of
the earliest examples of a timber stringer bridge in North Carolina.
YES NO
1. Is the proposed project designed to improve the
operational characteristics, safety, and/or physical
condition of the existing highway facility on essentially ^
the same alignment? --~-
2. Is the project on new location? ~ -~-
3. Is the historic site adjacent to the existing highway _X
4. Does the project require the removal or alteration ~-~
of historic buildings, structures, or objects? ~ X ~
~-~
5. Does the project disturb or remove archaeological
resources which are important to preserve in place
rather than to recover for archaeological research? _~
6. a. Is the impact on the Section 4(f j site considered a
minor (i.e. no effect, no adverse effect)?
b. If the project is determined to have "no adverse
effect" on the historic site, does the Advisory Council
on Historic Preservation object to the determination
of "no adverse effect"? ~
7. Has the SHPO agreed, in writing, with the assessment a
of impacts and the proposed mitigation? X
8. Does the project require the preparation of an EIS? ~ _~

Yes No
3. Build an improved facility on new location without ^
using the historic site. X
(a) An alternate on new location would result in:
(circle, as appropriate)
(i) a project which does not solve the
existing problems
or (ii substantial social, environmental, or
economic impacts
or (ii) a substantial increase in project cost
or engineering difficulties
and (iv such impacts, costs, or difficulties of
truly unusual or unique or extraordinary
magnitude
MINIMIZATION OF HARM
Yes No
1. The project includes all possible planning to minimize ^
harm necessary to preserve the historic integrity of the _~.
site.
2. Measures to minimize harm have been agreed to, in ^
accordance with 36 CFR Part 800, by the FHWA, ~._
the SHPO, and as appropriate, the ACHP.
3. Specific measures to minimize harm are described as follows:
^ A Memorandum of Agreement was approved and is attached to the
Categorical Exclusion.
Note: Any response in a box requires additional information prior to approval. Consult
Nationwide 4(f) evaluation.
4. Project will require the removal of the existing bridge No. 77. Bridge No. 77 is
eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as one of the earliest examples
of a timber stringer bridge in North Carolina.
6a. The removal of the existing bridge was determined to be an adverse effect by the
SHPO. Due to design and maintenance problems SHPO has agreed to removal of
the existing bridge.

. ~,
COORDINATION
The proposed project has been coordinated with the following (attach correspondence):
a. State Historic Preservation Officer X
b. Advisory Council on Historic Preservation X
c. Property owner
d. Local/State/Federal Agencies X
e. US Coast Guard X
(for bridges requiring bridge permits)
SUMMARY AND APPROVAL
The project meets all criteria included in the programmatic 4(f) evaluation approved on December
23, 1986.
All required alternatives have been evaluated and the findings made are clearly applicable to this
project. There are no feasible and prudent alternatives to the use of the historic site.
The project includes all possible planning to minimize harm, and the measures to minimize harm
will be incorporated in the project.
All appropriate. coordination has bean sueaessfully completed..with local and state.agencies_
Approved:

Date ~ 'Manager, Project D~elopment and Environmental Analysis Branch,. NCDOT
1'Z5-~'~
Date ivision Administrator, FHWA

APPENDIX C
Memorandum of Agreement

MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
AND
THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
REGARDING
TIP NO. B-4212
REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE N0.77
ON NC 35 OVER KIRBY'S CREEK
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
WHEREAS the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) proposes to fund the
replacement of Bridge No. 77 in Northampton County, North Carolina
(hereafter, the undertaking) through the Federal Highway Bridge Replacement
and Rehabilitation Program; and
WHEREAS the FHWA, in consultation with the North Carolina Department of
Transportation (NCDOT) and the North Carolina State Historic Preservation
Officer (SHPO), has defined the Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the
undertaking and found that Bridge No. 77 is within the APE; and
WHEREAS the FHWA, in consultation with the NCDOT and SHPO, has
determined, pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.4(c), that Bridge No. 77 is eligible
for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places; and
WHEREAS the FHWA, in consultation with the NCDOT and SHPO, has
determined, pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.5(a), that the undertaking will have
an adverse effect on Bridge No. 77; and
WHEREAS the FHWA has consulted with the NCDOT and SHPO in accordance
with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (16 USC Section 470f)
and its implementing regulations (36 CFR Part 800) to resolve the adverse effect
on Bridge No. 77;
NOW, THEREFORE, the FHWA and the SHPO agree that, upon the submission
of a copy of this executed memorandum of agreement, as well as the
documentation specified in 36 CRF Sections 800.11(e) and (f) to the Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation (hereafter, the Council) pursuant to 36 CFR

t ~ . , r
Section 800.6(b)(1)(iv), and upon the FHWA's approval of the undertaking, the
FHWA shall ensure that the following stipulations are implemented in order to
take into account the effect of the undertaking on historic properties.
STIPULATIONS
FHWA shall ensure the following stipulations are implemented:
Bridge No. 77.
A. Recordation. Prior to the demolition of Bridge No. 77, the NCDOT
shall record the existing condition of the bridge and its surroundings
in accordance with the attached Historic Structures a.-td Landscape
Recordation Plan (Appendix A).
B. New Bridge Design. The NCDOT shall employ railings of Jersey
barrier design for the new bridge.
II. Dispute Resolution.
Disagreement and misunderstanding about the implementation of this
memorandum of agreement shall be resolved in the following manner.
A. If the SHPO or any invited signatory to this memorandum of
agreement should object in writing within thirty (30) days to any plans
or documentation provided for review pursuant to this memorandum
of agreement, then the FHWA shall consult with the objecting party to
resolve this objection. If after such consultation the FHWA determines
that the objection cannot be resolved through consultation, then the
FHWA shall forward all documentation relevant to the objection to the
Council, including the FHWA's proposed response to the objection.
Within forty-five (45) days after receipt of all pertinent documentation,
the Council shall exercise one of the following options:
i. Provide the FHWA with astaff-level recommendation,
which the FHWA shall take into account in reaching a final
decision regarding its response to the objection; or
ii. Notify the FHWA that the objection will be referred for
formal comment pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800.7(c) and
proceed to refer the objection and comment. The FHWA
shall take irito account the Council's comments. in reaching a
final decision regarding its response to the objection.
B. The FHWA shall take into account any Council comment or
recommendations provided in accordance with this stipulation with
Memorandum of Agreement
B-4212, Northampton County

reference only to the subject of the objection. The FHWA's
responsibility to carry out all actions under the memorandum of
agreement that are not the subjects of the objection shall remain
unchanged.
III. Unanticipated Discovery.
In accordance with 36 CFR 800.11(a) and prior to initiation of construction
activities, NCDOT shall ensure preparation of a plan of action should
archaeological or architectural resources be inadvertently or accidentally
discovered during the construction of the project. The plan shall provide
for an assessment of the significance of the discovery in consultation
amongst FHWA, NCDOT, and SHI'O. Inadvertent or accidental
discovery of human remains will be handled in accordance with North
Carolina General Statutes 65 and 70.
IV. Amendment.
Any signatory to this memorandum of agreement may request that it be
amended, whereupon the parties shall consult to consider the proposed
amendment. Any such amendment shall be governed by 36 CFR Section
800.6(c)(7}.
V. Termination.
Any signatory to the memorandum of agreement may terminate it by
providing thirty (30) days notice to the other parties, provided that the
parties shall consult during the period prior to termination to seek
agreement on amendments or other actions that would avoid termination.
In the event of termination, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR Section
800.3 through 800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking. In the
event that the FHWA does not carry out the terms of this memorandum of
agreement, the FHWA shall comply with 36 CFR Sections 800.3 through
800.7 with regard to the review of the undertaking.
Memorandum of Agreement
8-4212, Northampton County

.~ ,
APPENDIX A
Historic Structures and Landscape Recordation Plan
Kirby's Creek Bridge (Bridge No. 77) Replacement
NC 35
Northampton County, North Carolina
TIP No. B-4212
Federal Aid No. BRSTP-35(1), State Project No. 8.1101401
WBS No. 33558.1.1
Subject Specifications
Photographic recordation of the Kirby's Creek Bridge (Bridge No. 77) to include:
^ Elevations and oblique views of the bridge and representative structural and
ornamental details;
^ Overall views of the project area illustrating the relationship of the bridge to
its setting.
Photographic Formats
^ Color slides (all views)
^ 35 mm or larger black and white negatives (all views)
^ Two (2) sets of black and white contact sheets (all views)
^ All processing to meet archival standards
^ All photographs and negatives to be labeled according to North Carolina
Department of Archives and History standards
Copies and Curation
One (1) complete set of photographs (slides, negatives, and contact sheet) will be
deposited with the North Carolina Department of Archives and History, State
Historic Preservation Office as a permanent part of the statewide architectural
survey and iconographic collection.
One (1) contact sheet will be deposited in the project files of the Historic
Architecture Group, North Carolina Department of Transportation.
Memorandum of Agreement
B-4212, Northampton County
4

.~
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
AND
THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
REGARDING
TIP NO. B-4212
REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE N0.77
ON NC 35 OVER KIRBY'S CREEK
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
The execution of this memorandum of agreement between the FHWA and the
North Carolina SHPO and the submission of it to the Council with the
appropriate documentation specified in 36 CFR Section 800.11(e) and (f), and the
implementation of its terms evidence that the FHWA has afforded the Council an
opportunity to comment on the undertaking and its effect on historic properties
and that the FHWA has taken into account the effects of the undertaking on
historic properties.
AGREE:
ll -27 a ~,
FEDERAL HIGHWAY
DATE
9
NORTH CA E HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER DATE
FILED BY:
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION DATE
Memorandum of Agreement 5
B-4212, Northampton County

MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
AND
THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
REGARDING
TIP NO. B-4212
REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE N0.77
ON NC 35 OVER KIRBY'S CREEK
NORTHAMPTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
The execution of this memorandum of agreement between the FHWA and the
North Carolina SHPO and the submission of it to the Council with the
appropriate documentation specified in 36 CFR Section 800.11(e) and (f), and the
implementation of its terms evidence that the FHWA has afforded the Council an
opportunity to comment on the undertaking and its effect on historic properties
and that the FHWA has taken into account the effects of the undertaking on
historic properties.
CONCUR:
~ ~~~~~
~~
NORTH CAROLINA.
~~~'! o~
Memorandum of Agreement
B-4212, Northampton County
OF TRANSPORTATION DATE
6

_~?
~~
Preserving America's Heritage
November 29, 2006
Mr. John F. Sullivan, III, P.E.
Division Administrator
North Carolina Division
Federal Highway Administration
310 New Bern Avenue, Suite 410
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601
Re: Replc~ement'of Bridge No. 77 on NC 35 omr Xirlry's Creek
Northampton County, North Carolina
Federal Project No. BRSTP-35(1)
Deaz Mr. Sullivan:
On November 9, 2006, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) received your notification
and supporting documentation regarding the adverse effects of the referenced undertaking on properties
eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Based upon the information you
provided, we have concluded that Appendix A, Criteria for Council Involvement in Reviewing Individual
Section 106 Cases, of our regulations, "Protection of Historic Properties" (36 CFR Part 800), does not
apply to this undertaking. Accordingly, we do not believe that our participation in the consultation to
resolve adverse effects is warranted. However, should circumstances change and you or other consulting
parties determine that our participation is required, please notify us.
Pursuant to 36 CFR §800.6(bxixiv), you will need to file the final Memorandum of Agreement (MOA),
developed in consultation with the North Cazolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and other
consulting parties, and related documentation at the conclusion of the consultation process. The ftling of
this MOA with tht ACHP is required to complete your compliance responsibilities under Section i 06 of
the National Historic Preservation Act.
Thank you for providing us with your notification of adverse effect. If you have any questions or require
further assistance, please contact me at [phone] or kharris ~achp.gov.
Sincerely,
1
Katry Hazris
Historic Preservation Specialist
Office of Federal Agency Programs
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION
1100 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 809 • Washington, DC 20004
Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone] • achp~achp.gov • www.achp.gov

APPENDIX D
Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
{198.7 COE Weifands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: ~~~ y~~2 Date: ~(-~`''?~G/
ApplicantlOwner ~J~ ]7f~`7"~ County: ~~~+.~ w+ p~yJ
Investigator- F~ G State• /~(~-
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community 1D: ,,.$'~,</c foiti°<~
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation? Yes No Transect ID: .~
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plat ID: ~,Ilix,g_
Il# needed. explain an reverse
VEGETATION
Plant Species
paminant Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Soecies Stratum Indicator
yy

6. ~~ ra/ U ~~,b ~ 14.
j~
/tea _
7. ~ ~ ,
~
~
(i
15.
1~
s. Carr~p6;s /'ctG+',Cu n.s ~ ~
~ 16•
Percent of Dominanrt Species that are OBL, FACW or p~
gg
FAC (excluding FAC-) l4
Remarks:
HY1]FIOLOGY
Recarded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary lndicatars:
Aerial Photographs -Inundated
ySaturated in Upper 12 Inches
Other
~- Water Marks
/No Recarded Data Available -
-Drift Lines
Sediment Deposits
_Orainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (Z or more requiredl:
_. Oxidized Raot Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Oepth of Surface Water: (in.) _Water-Stained Leaves
°`^ Local Soil Survey Data
Oepth to Free Water in Pit:
lin.l -
_FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil- -' (in.) -Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:

SOILS
Map Unit Name. / //
(Series and Phase): /,(~/. !~/.~i~ /
~~r~1 Drainage Class: Aoj !JF/,C~h~r/~
JJ''
Taxonomy (Subgraupl: /lsl~/l. ~/! / Feld Observatia s
/
Gl ~`~~~T-~ Confirm Mapped Type: Yes
~- T
Profile Oescriation:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches arizan IMunsell Moist) (Munsell Moistl _Abundance/Contrast Structure. ete.
d--/~/ o ~ 3 ~1.~ ~ ~n~-/

Hydric So~7 Indicators: ~ .
_ Histosol _ Concretions
Histic Epipedan _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
_
Aquic Moisture Regime _/
t/ Listed an Lacai Hydric Soils List
_
_ Reducing Conditions ~Llsted on National Hydrie So7s List
_ Gleyed or Low-Chrama Colors _ Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? ~ No (Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes
Hydric Solis Present? Yes
Remarks:
(Circle)
Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes
Approved by HQUSACE 2/9~
HJL
919 3 ''

.. -
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(198.7 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: ~r y~~ ~' Date: GYi -2y- 2'~
Applicant/Ownet: /~~~~~ County: ff/©r~f ur+~,~7~y1
Investigator: E~ State- itJ~
Do Normal Circumstances exist an the site? Yes No Community ID: ~,ub-w~~ ~tc~f
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID: S ~ Ca
!s the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No - Plot ID: _~,v2..-1'la•r~
(If needed, explain an reverse
ver_crn~rtnni -

Dominarrt~iP,l~ant Saeeies Stratum Indrica~tor)
~!/U/ Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
/~tx a rep ~u
7
~ e~ ~l
9
~(1~U/
1. ~7rw lGc, ~/9/~. l~.~e- / .
~,
i
. ,
e~
/~
2, ~iLPU•cS ~ u/i ~ /iC1'
rem
r,~r~
10.

4. L ~~ sl O,~a. -~-~=- 12.
,J
A
Qiri 4
'tf/1~A/rRd<~t
-
5. ~
/
~
~i't:~
/"~~
13.
//
~~~~
/
"
~"
6. Ylbc!/'AkrYl G(~1[~~ GdM )
~Ilug ~ 14.
,`~~ /, / /~
7. I'//7rs /bTGr~t~X AfX,
~~'~
15.
'
8. ~a tMA~S /"'G- ~ Gcc ru /+~b
16.
Percent of Dominant Speeies that are OBL, FACW or ~~ /a
FAC lexcluding FAC-)
Remarks:
uvnnnr nI^_V
• Recorded Data IDesuiHe in Remarksl: Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream. Lake or Tide Gauge Prima Indicators:
-
-Aerial Photographs -Inundated
Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
Other -
l~Vater Marks
~-
/No Recorded Data Available Drift Lines
-
-Sediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secon ary Indicators {2 or more requiredl:
~xidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth of Surface Water: ! {in.) Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soii Survey Data
Depth to Free Water in Pit: {in.) -
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: {in.I _
,-Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:

. , ,
SOILS
Map Unit Name. r ~ I
~
~
~
""
'
it
+~-~'
(Series and Phasel: ~~G ~ Drainage Class: dD! ~~
d+G4r
*~%rL~

~ ~ Feld Observatio s
~
Taxonomy (Subgraupl: ~ ,5 Confirm Mapped Type: Yes No
~/~-L1
i
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Calars Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon IMunsell Moistl _ (Munseil Moistl Abundance/Contrast Structure. etc.
Q~ ~ ~/GY i'll GS

y /~ ~~ r,~~- -~ Shy ~-~,~~ ~~~
Hydrie Soil Indicators: .
_ Histosol _ Concretions'
_ Histic Epipedon _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidie Odof Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
_
Aquic Moisture Regime ~isted on Local Hydric Soils List
_
1/~teducing Conditions /Usted an National Hydric Soils List
"
V Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors _ Other (Explain in Remarksl

Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? ~ No (Circle) (Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? 4~es~ No
Hydric Sails Preserrt? ~ No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? es No
Remarks:
Approved by HQUSACE 2/92
HJL '
8/93 ~'

w
~.
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: ~-yzi z Date: 4fi ' ~~ - 2~`f
Applicant/Owner: /~/~~~ County: /j/or{~,~tilp~~~
Investigator: ESG State: /UG
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? ~No Community 10: ~~n ~res~
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes Transect ID: S/1 ~~
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes Plot 1D: ct-i-at.~-n,~
(lf needed, explain on reverse
vFr,>=rnr~nN
nt Plant Species
Domin Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
a
~. li~i~ cp~a.-ti r~ j'.qG- 9_
2. /..r ce drum Sihr~.• bIt'~t! !.~= 10.
3. ~~s raf~~~/w ~r~ ~ 11.
4. 1 ~
5. 13.
6. 14.
7. _ _15..
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are 08L, FACW ar f ~~~
(Y
FAC (excluding FAC-)
Remarks:
HYI]ROLOGY
Recorded Oata (Describe in Remarksl: Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
-
Aerial Photographs -Inundated
- ySaturated in Upper 1 Z Inches
Other Water Marks
No Recorded Oata Available -
-Drift Lines
-Sediment Deposits
-Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or mare required):
~_ -Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth of Surface Water: (in.) Water-Stained Leaves
'~"~~ _
Coca( Soil Survey Oata
I~n.l
Depth to Free Water in Pit: -
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: ^" (in.1 _
-other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:

SOILS
Map Unit Name. //
(Series and Phasel: ~~~~"~'~ 6viz~i ~~ ~ ~ I
-~~~ Drainage Class• /,(/P /ljj~
,/ / Feld 06servatians
1~
D~~
~/
S~
~%C
`
~v
/~
Taxonomy (Subgroup):
!~ .
U
Confirm Mapped Type• Yes
Profile Descriation:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Munsell Moistt fMunsell Moist) AbundaneelContrast Structure. etc.
D ~ - - Or9u~1•~s -
~ /® ~~ 3/Z r$a h a/s/ loa~•-c
-f/Z l0 ~i~ ~~i yr'a/'to~y f~~
Hydric Soil Indicators: _

_ Histosol _ Concretions
Histic Epipedon _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
_ 5ulf-+die Odcr _ Organic Streaking in.Sandy SnAs
_ Aquic Moisture Regime _ Listed an Local Hydric Sols List
_ Reducing Conditions _ Listed on National Hydric Saiis List
_ Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors _ Other (Explain in flemarksl
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydraphytic Vegetation Present? lfe,~ No (Circiel
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes
Hgdric Soils Present? Yes
II Remarks:
(Circles
Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Approved 6y HaUSACE 2/92
HJL
8J93 '•

..
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(198.7 COE Wetlands Oeiineatian Manuall
Project/Site: ~~ ~l.~ / 2- Date: Ofii - ~~_.~.~~,ys
Applicant/Owner: /~Cl~~''T County ~~e~,~,,o~s-,
Investigator- ~~~-- State: •/f/G
Do Normal Circumstances exist an the site? ~ No Community ID: c~va.ny ~rP~
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation? Yes 9~ Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes ® Plot ID: cif-/Ghd
(lf needed, explain an reverse
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Saecies Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Soecies Stratum ndicator
l.~ ~i./yi~ra
1. /.i,'aoltna t2 fAG ~ s. /3-f~.rr; u,w+ ~.s~~en ; o~e~ ~¢,rfr
/
2. ~Cer huh/~rkl 1'i~ f~AC_ 10. Lour cei~ j~pv,3,~c,- F~L-
,f~ ~
~.r t+i • % v ~~
3. ~{uu"c-us
rGG
I~'c, t.~
11.
//
4. ~rri/~arNhQ/ Sf~~aC~~tis ~(P~. F/~!/~'
u, 12.
s. ~' f « r~,~r~ s~,~6 fAC~ 13.
7~/u rr '~/LG+95~--
6. u5 ~i~G- 14.
/
7. /N/1611.IIA.I'ir,. qul4YkLr'~' L
~~~17 r
fAGG~ 1.5.
s. kloo~yJc~/~w ar~o%~u ~~~ Q L 1s.
Percem of Dominant Speeies that are 013L, FACW or 90~
FAC (excluding FAC-1
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks):
! Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primate~ Indicators:
-Aerial Photographs Inundated
~aturated in Upper 12 Inches
Other
Recorded Data Available -Water Marks
-Drift Lines
Sedment Deposits
-Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
~ Oxidized Raot Channels in Upper 12 Inches
fin i
Depth of Surface Water: -
_Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: ~ (in.) -Local Saif Survey Data
_FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: (in.) -Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:

r

SOILS
Map Unit Name. /~
(Series and Phase): G--oI~-G' ~'~ ~'~'Y~~' S'~y~' Drainage Ciass• (~ /
/-G~~ ~j`~.F~ G~

' ,~~ F Feld 06servations
ed T
f
rm Ma
u/~~ C
e: Y
"
~IrG a A
Taxonomy (Subgroup!: ft_ on
i
pp yp
eso~(
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Munsell Maistl IMunsell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure. etc.
Q-~ - QI~raI'IiGS

.S'/Z ~~ yl~ y~ ~ay~' y~Z ~- 101 ~6 s ~.t cly ~ rcwr
_~
Hydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol _ Concretions
_ Histic Epipedan _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
_ Sulfidic otl6r _ Organic Streaking in_Sandy Solis
_ Aquic Moisture Regime _ Usted on Local Hydr)c Sc7s List
_ Reducing Condtions _ Listed on National Hydrie Soils List
!~f`,leyed or Law-Chrama Colors _ Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present?
Wetland Hydrology Present?
Hydric Sails Present?
Cfrs~ No (Circle)
No
es No
(Circle)
Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? ~ No
Remarks:
Approved by HC:USACE 2/92
HJL
8/93 ,"

.. ~ .
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1957 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: y ~ ~~, ~ Date: ~~~Z y- ~o© ~
Applicant/Owner: ,~~~ ~~ ~ County: /Uo•-/~r~p;~4~
Investigator: ~S~ State: /~..-
Oo Normai Circumstances exist on the site? ~ No Community ID: Suar~, ~r~..c1~'
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes~p Transeci !D: ~ ~}
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes Plat !D:
(If needed, explain an reverse
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Soeries Stratum Indicator
1. fu ~olfiGCI~7 G~/~57 /~~/~/~/

3. G Gt5 /~a/!dl ~/i~ /~GL.~ _~~ 11.

5. ~~fh/'o~ GLl/1~fe~G jsr~ CkJ 13.

7. i 5.
8. 16-
Percent of Dominant Species that are 08L, FACW ar / p rye
U/(f! !
FAC (exeiuding FAC-)
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs - .Inundated
. ySaturated in Upper 12 Inches
Other .Water Marks
No .Recorded Data Available .Drift Lines
Sedment Deposits
.Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators 12 ar more requiredl:
.Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth of Surface Water: (in.1 .Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Free Water in Pit: (in.) -
FAC-Neutrai Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: ~` (in,) _
-Other {Explain in Remarks)
flemarks:

~ r 1 I ~
SOILS
Map Unit Name. ~
-
`{ ~~ ~ ~/
~
`
(Series and Phase): ~(/~'
gib' Drainage Class: !
.a~B~G,.d G1'/e~„+~±.f
Feld Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup): ~~G Gt//G+ 9L~`~S Confirm Mapped Type: Yes

Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Calars Mottle Texture. Concretions,
inches orizon IMunsell Moisti 1Munsell Moist) _AbundaneelContrast Structure. etc.

~'~Z 1~r
~
Hydric Sol Indicators: -
_ Histosol _ Concretions -
Histic Epipedon _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic odor _ Organic Streaking-in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime -~Lisied on Local Hydric So7s List
Reducing, Conditions [Listed an National Hydrie Soils List
Gleyed or Low-Chroma Calars _ Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
WETLAND DETEHMINA I Iu1V
Hydraphytic Vegetation Present?
Wetland Hydrology Present?
H}idric Soils Present?
No (Circle)
Yes
Yes
Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland?
(Circle)
Remarks:
Yes
Approved by HQUSACE 2192
i
HJL '
8/93 ''

~ .i
• ~' ~1 t ~'
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(198.7 COE Wetlands DeCneation Manuall
Project/Site: ply:-/ Z Date: _d`C-2~/- ~dy
Applicant/Owner: i!/G D ed ~ County: /~,r~jt!iCE ~~ y!
Investigator: ~~SG State: ,~/l'~
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: Swb, ypl ~y f~o~'~S7
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect 1D: sEcp y
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plot !D: W~ f/ ,rte
(If needed, explain an reverse
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
9.
10.
11.
12
13.
14.
1.5.
16.
Percent of Dominant Species chat are 08L, FACW or ~p
FAC iexcluding FAC-) y`Q'-~
T(n„° G/Gt lta:~'q! i3 t.r/9GeE`,.~ie° ~~1~ c~ci/~c2,~ ~~ '
Remarks: ~ r~-f~,,r,~,,~ ~a ~/
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology lndicaiors:
Stream, lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
-
-Aerial Photographs -Inundated
t~5aturated in Upper 12 Inches
-Other ~~/l~fater Marks
~o Recorded Oata Available v'brift Lines
-Sediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators 12 or mare requiredl:
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth of Surface Water: .(in.) -
_Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: ~ (in.) -Local Soil Survey Oata
FAC-Neutrai Test
~
Depth to Saturated Soil: f --' (in.) _
-Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:

+, ~ T. v .
SOILS
Map Unit Name. //,, JJ /
(Series and Phase): INC' (~ ~~' Etu f`~ Drainage Class: //
,70 ~ +' ~' czr"a.~ h.t,~
~
)
/
b
17
~/Ul~G4
C L Field Observation
ed T
Z S Canfinn Ma
e; Y
~
group
:
[1
/
Taxonomy (Su
. pp
LcI
.dT yp
es
Profile Deseriation:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches orizon (Munsell Moistl IMunsell Moistl Abundance/Contrast 3trvcture. etc.
~_ ~ - - g~qd r~, c~5 '
,'~ f0 /~ ~ O~'y'4~7~LS
~-iZ ~m y~ s/Z m ~e ~ ~ ~,~. ~n~ ~a~.~
Hydric Sol Indicators: .
_ Histosoi _ Canuetions'
_ Histic Epipedan _ High organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Soils
surrdie odct drganio Streaking-in Sandy Soils
_
Aquic Moisture Regime _
/Usted on Local Hydric Snls Ust
_
t~Reducing Candrrions V Usted on National Hydric Solis List
/Gfeyed or Low-Chromes Colors _ Other (Explain in Aemarks)
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes ~o (Circle) (Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? No
~ Hydric Soiis Present? ( No Is this Sampling Paint Within a Wetland? Ye No
Remarks:
Approved by HQUSACE 2192
HJL '
8/93 ~'

1 v~
+ M~ + , .~
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1957 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: ~ a? Date: ©lo -oZ y- ~~~~^'
Applicant/Own~t: ~.~ County: i(fp/'~uy~~~y)
Investigator: ~~~ State: ,.~/G
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community 1D: s ~ ~ . ~~
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect 1D: _~~~ t/
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plat ID: r,.~
f ~~,0
(If needed, explain an reverse _
VEGETATION
ies
Stratum Indicator
nt Spec
Oomin
an
t Pl Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
a
~
'
/
/
2. /`rC2 ~ ~~11 ~u.n ~~ _~
~~ 10.
_
3. c~e~r~. a/n?~o/G~.. stub ~~
11.
.~y~ / ~~/ ~p ~/ ~
4. SIyJ//li,X I'19~L/Ild'foll~. ~ ~ 12
A t //
5. ~4Jr,en~vldVmv~ !'o~~t,4r.S K~.b ~~L
73.
6. 14.

8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are 08L, FACW or "
FAC lexeluding FAC-) / Q~
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarksi:
_Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge
Aerial Photographs
~--Other
1/No Recorded Data Available
Field Observations:
Depth of Surface Water: ~- ((n,)
Depth to Free Water in Pit: ~_(in,)
Depth to Saturated Soil: ~ (in,)
Remarks:
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Primary Indicators:
Inundated
y/S"aturated in Upper 12 Inches
~VM1later Marks
Drift Lines
_Sediment Deposits
.iQrainage Patterns in Wetlands
Secondary Indicators (2 or more requiredl:
/6xidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Oata
_FAC-Neutral Test
_Other (Explain in Remarksi

,. -
.. ,.~.
~~~r
Map Unit Name. 1
(Series and Phasel: ~/~~t(/iS7Cc ~'~ytt / ,~
~G/Jcl`J [-"'~~ Drainage Class: /~tEi:~Gfa.s.£.I~ ,~,G~~ dro,r~~~(
/f Eeid Observations
~ //
Taxonomy (Subgroup): ~9u/G ,~~rGt ,
ortt(7S Confirm Mapped Type: Yes Na
Profile Deserintian:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Motile Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Munseli Maistl IMunsell Moist) AbundancelContrast _ Structure. etc.

Z G /o ~ y ~ a~ yarn.
.
to ~l z o ~ ~
Hydric Soil indicators:
Histosol _ Concretions
_
_ Histic Epipedon _ High Organic Content in Surface layer in Sandy Solis
Sulfidic Odar _ Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
_
_ Aquic Moisture Regime _ Listed on Local Hydric Sols List
Reducing Conditions _ Listed an National Hydric Soiis list
~leyed or Law-Chroma Colors _ Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present?
Wetland Hydrology Present?
H}idric Soils Present?
No (Circle)
j~5~ No
No
(Circle)
Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? t./ No
Remarks:
Approved by N(1USA(a Z/yZ
HJL
,,
8/93

~#~ ~~
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETEAMINATION
(198.7 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site` ~"~,~f ~ Date: ~~ --2~~-Z',t~~'
Applicant/Ownei: /(1(' ~,4Y County: ~f~,~,lyp f ,rr
Investigator: ~~~. State: /1/C
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: ~"tcia~?b ~~3~
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID: .S©c~t{
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plot ID:
Ilf needed,- explain an reverse
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Soecies Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Soecies Stratum Indicator
~ws 9na~~,~/ta
,. r ,!~ ~AGt~ e.
/
2. (~ 9 /e~ ~a m ~~~ Sfu(~ti~w.~~ /CAC•~" 10.
3. tlPp l (`~A~/tiw.w1. ~ ~ 11.
~ ~ ~
o
a. ~~.,~-~n c~~ ~ : ~ 5~ru~ FAUn( 12.
~ 11
/
a..
5.. SUV11~a~ ~'t'fG.yld~ tt+1 y~ ~~ 13.
/1
7. _ _ _ 15.
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are 08L, FACW or ~ ~r~
~j
FAC (excluding FAC-)
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarksl: Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream. Lake or Tide Gauga Primary Indicators:
-
Aerial Photographs Inundated
Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
Other
~Recarded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Sediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Feld Observations: Secon ary Indicators (2 or more requiredl:
~
___ xidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth of Surface Water: fin.) Water-Stained Leaves
~~ _
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Free Water in Pit:
(in.) -
FAC-Neutral Tesi
---"'"~
Depth to Saturated Soil: (in.l _
Other (Explain in Remarks)
-
Remarks:
f

.. ~ .
~ ~
. .~ ,~~
SOILS
Map Unit Name. ))//lL jr'
(Series and Phasel: /7ITlt1/rS~~ ~1'~
-'~'~~~~ ~t'`~ Drainage Class: Tnt~c~,.fa:~"e'J a!~~I ~t'G `rtDc~
/~ // Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup): /74T_~~ ~
SfGlC(tt ~S Confirm Mapped-Type: Yes No
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Coior Mattie Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
inches Horizon (Munse(1 Moistl (Munse(1 Maistl Abundance/Contrast Structure. etc.
-Z --- O/'4c'r~?ir~S
~ /B ,Yk ~~ ~ Qa.ut
'~`~~- O `i'~ S 2 ~ G 4~ o~.w~
Nydric Soil Indicators:
_ Histosol _ Concretions
_ Histic Epipedon _ High Organic Content in Sun`ace layer in Sandy Soils
_ Sulfidic Oaar _ Organic Streaking,in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime _ Listed on Local Hydric Sails Lisi
_ Reducing Conditions _ Listed on Naticnai Hydric Soils List
_ Gteyed or Law-Chroma Colors _ Other (Explain in Aemarksl
Remarks:
WETL4ND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetarian Present? ~ No (Cirelel
(Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes ~o
Hydric Sails Present? Yes ~ Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes
Aemarks:
Approved by HQUSACE 2/92
HJL
8/93

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