20140869 Ver 1_Year 5 Monitoring Report_2021_20220131

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Erin Davis
Initial Review Completed Date 01/31/2022
Mitigation Project Submittal - 1/31/2022
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Stream Wetlands Buffer Nutrient Offset
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Harry Tsomides
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Project Type: • DMS Mitigation Bank
Project Name: Vile Creek Mitigation Site
County: Alleghany
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Mitigation Monitoring Report
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MONITORING YEAR 5
ANNUAL REPORT
FI NAL
VILE CREEK MITIGATION SITE
Alleghany County, NC
DEQ Contract No. 5999
DMS Project No. 96582
DWR No. 14-0869
USACE Action ID 2014-01585
Data Collection Period: April — October 2021
Submission Date: January 19, 2022
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NC Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652

WILDLANDS
ENGINEER? NG
January 19, 2022
Mr. Harry Tsomides
NC Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
5 Ravenscroft Dr., Suite 102
Asheville, NC 28801
RE: Response to MY5 Draft Report Comments
Vile Creek Mitigation Project
DMS Project # 96582
Contract Number 5999
New River Basin - HUC# 05050001 - Alleghany County, North Carolina
Dear Mr. Tsomides:
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands) has reviewed the Division of Mitigation Services, (DMS) comments
from the Draft Monitoring Year 5 report for the Vile Creek Mitigation Project. DMS comments are noted
below in bold, Wildland's responses to DMS report comments are noted in italics.
DMS' Comment: The Adaptive Management Plan was noted in the write up however it is not indicated
whether or not the repairs were built according to the plan (i.e., "as built") or if planting itself met the
plan specifics (quantities, species, locations, etc). Please indicate accordingly and detail/explain any
deviations if they occurred.
Wildlonds Response: Section 1.2.5 Areas of Concern/Adaptive Management Plon was updated to
document that the repairs were built per the AMP and that when supplemental planting will be completed
in the dormant season 2022. Any deviations from the AMP's supplemental planting plan will be described
in the MY6 report.
DMS' Comment: Thank you for summarizing the UT1 easement encroachment and making additional
marking efforts to rectify the scalloping/mowing; if this continues to be an issue with the landowner
DMS is happy to discuss and offer further advice, however please continue to work with the landowner
to eliminate this issue.
Wildlonds' Response: Wildlonds will continue to work with the landowner to resolve the encroachment
issue. We appreciate the offer of advice and will reach out if needed.
DMS' Comment: In the Notes column of the project components (Table 1), please note the LF aggraded
channel on UT1b (62') and UT1c (115').
Wildlonds' Response: The LF of oggroded channel on UT1b and UT1c is now indicated on Table 1.
Digital Support File Comments
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. • phone [phone] • fax [phone] • 1430 S. Mint Street, # 104 • Charlotte, NC 28203

WILDLANDS
ENGINEERING
DMS' Comment: Please submit mobile plots/transect features as polygons (the polygon feature class is
empty) and include a feature representing the supplemental planting area.
Wildlonds' Response: The mobile plots/transect feature class was changed to o polygon. A feature class
representing the supplemental planting areas is now included in the GDB.
DMS' Comment: Note that there appears to be only 9 invasive areas of concern polygons compared to
the 13 reported in Table 6. Please update the table or submit missing features.
Wildlonds' Response: The table was mislobeled with 13 polygon features. The correct number 9 is now
recorded in Table 6.
DMS' Comment: Please double check the stream areas of concern features and ensure that feature
lengths match reported lengths. For example, there is one feature labeled as Scour/Erosion UT1 R2, but
there is no scour/erosion reported in Table 5b. Similarly, there is 1 feature for UT2 with a length of 45
ft, but Table 5f suggests there are 2 segments with a total length of 77 ft.
Wildlonds' Response: Wildlonds updated the attribute table for the Stream Areas of Concern — MY5 feature
class. One of the scour/erosion areas was mislabel os UT1 R2 and is now properly labeled os UT2. Table 5f
is now updated with the correct totol length of 89 ft for the scour/erosion.
DMS' Comment: The Table 7 export and the simple export from the CVS mdb do not match the table
included in the report. Please make sure that the data in the mdb support the table included in the
report.
Wildlonds' Response: The table 7 export from the CVS.mdb now matches Table 90 and 9b in the Vile MY5
report. The variation was because one newly found volunteers in VP 1 and VP 5 were included in the Table
90 and 9b. The additional stem was removed from these tables.
DMS' Comment: Please submit the data used to create the 30-70 figure.
Wildlonds' Response: The data used to create the 30-70 figure is included in the Rainfall -Sparta 3.5 SSW
folder. The CSV file was renamed to 30-70 figure.
Enclosed please find two (2) hard copies and one (1) electronic copy on USB of the Final Monitoring
Report. Please contact me at 704-332-7754 x101 if you have any questions.
Sincerely,
s
Kristi Suggs,
Senior Environmental Scientist
[e-mail]
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. • phone [phone] • fax [phone] • 1430 S. Mint Street, # 104 • Charlotte, NC 28203

PREPARED BY:
Wit*
WILDLANDS
ENGINEERING
1430 South Mint Street, Suite 104
Charlotte, NC 28203
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands) completed a full -delivery stream and wetland mitigation project
at the Vile Creek Mitigation Site (Site) for the North Carolina Division of Mitigation Services (DIMS) to
restore and enhance a total of 8,056 linear feet (LF) of perennial and intermittent stream and to restore
6.40 acres of riparian wetlands in Alleghany County, NC. The Site is expected to generate 5,053.000
stream mitigation units (SMUs) and 5.703 riparian wetland mitigation units (WMUs) for the New River
Basin (Table 1). The Site is located approximately one mile east of the Town of Sparta, NC in the New
River Basin eight -digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 05050001 and the 14-digit HUC 05050001030020
(Figure 1). The Site streams consist of Vile Creek and five unnamed tributaries (UT) to Vile Creek
including UT1, UT1b, UT1c, UT2, UT3, and a portion of Little River (Figure 2). Vile Creek flows into Little
River near the downstream project boundary. The land adjacent to the streams and wetlands is
primarily maintained cattle pasture and forest.
The Site is within a Targeted Local Watershed (TLW) identified in the New River Basin Restoration
Priority (RBRP) plan (NCDENR, 2009). The Site is also located within the planning area for the Little River
& Brush Creek Local Watershed Plan (LWP). The LWP identified the following stressors to watershed
function: Heavily grazed deforested buffer, livestock access to the streams, heavily eroded stream
banks, land -disturbing activities on steep slopes, non -point source pollution from the Town of Sparta
and surrounding areas, and drained and deforested wetland areas (NCDENR, 2007).
The project goals defined in the Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2016) were established with careful
consideration of goals and objectives that were described in the RBRP and to meet DIMS mitigation
needs while maximizing the ecological and water quality uplift with the watershed. The project goals
established in the Mitigation Plan focused on permanent protection for the Site, re-establishing natural
hydrology and vegetation, reducing water quality stressors, and enhancing terrestrial and aquatic
habitat.
The Site construction and as -built survey were completed in February 2017. Monitoring Year (MY) 5
assessments and Site visits were completed between April and November 2021 to assess the conditions
of the project.
Overall, the Site has partially met the required stream, vegetation, and hydrology success criteria for
MY5 and is on track to meet MY7 performance standards/success criteria. All restored and
enhancement I streams are geomorphically stable and functioning as designed. During MY5, 1 bankfull
event was recorded on Vile Creek Reach 2 and 2 bankfull events were recorded on UT1 Reach 2.
However, bankfull event criteria was already met in MY2. Multiple geomorphically significant events
were recorded on Vile Creek Reach 2 and UT1 Reach 2. Pebble counts reflect no significant change in
restoration and enhancement I stream substrate material. All ten gages in the wetland re-establishment
and wetland rehabilitation, and bog areas are either meeting or exceeding hydrology success criteria.
Supplemental plantings were completed in March of MY5. In addition, an Adaptive Management Plan
(AMP) was approved by the IRT prior to conducting stream repairs in September of MY5. The approved
AMP can be found in appendix 6
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final

VILE CREEK MITIGATION SITE
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1: PROJECT OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Project Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Monitoring Year 5 Data Assessment..........................................................................................1-2
1.2.1 Stream Assessment............................................................................................................1-2
1.2.2 Stream Hydrology Assessment..........................................................................................1-3
1.2.3 Vegetative Assessment......................................................................................................1-3
1.2.4 Wetland Assessment..........................................................................................................1-4
1.2.5 Areas of Concern/Adaptive Management Plan.................................................................1-4
1.3 Monitoring Year 5 Summary......................................................................................................1-6
Section 2: METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................2-1
Section3: REFERENCES.................................................................................................................3-1
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final

APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Figures and Tables
Figure 1
Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2
Project Component Map
Table 1
Project Components and Mitigation Credits
Table 2
Project Activity and Reporting History
Table 3
Project Contact Table
Table 4
Project Information and Attributes
Appendix 2 Visual Assessment Data
Figure 3.0-3.4 Integrated Current Condition Plan View
Table 5a-f Visual Stream Morphology Stability Assessment Table
Table 6 Vegetation Condition Assessment Table
Stream Photographs
Vegetation Photographs
Bog Vegetation Photographs
Stream Areas of Concern Photographs
Stream Repair Photographs
Appendix 3
Vegetation Plot Data
Table 7
Vegetation Plot Criteria Attainment
Table 8
CVS Vegetation Plot Metadata
Table 9a
Planted and Total Stem Counts
Table 9b
Planted Stem Annual Means
Table 9c
Transect Plots and Planted Stem Annual Means
Table 9d
Planted Herbaceous Cover (Bog Cells)
Appendix 4 Morphological Summary Data and Plots
Table 10a-b Baseline Stream Data Summary
Table 11 Morphology and Hydraulic Summary (Dimensional Parameters — Cross Section)
Table 12a-b Monitoring Data — Cross-section Plots
Reachwide and Cross-section Pebble Count Plots
Appendix 5 Hydrology Summary Data and Plots
Table 13a-b Verification of Bankfull and Geomorphically Significant Events
Table 14 Wetland Gage Attainment Summary
Groundwater Gage Plots
Recorded Geomorphic Significant and Bankfull Event Plots
Monthly Rainfall Data
Appendix 6 Meeting Notes — IRT Site Walk — June 24, 2021
Appendix 7 Approved Adaptive Management Plan
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final

Section 1: PROJECT OVERVIEW
The Site is located approximately one mile east of the Town Sparta in eastern Alleghany County, NC. The
project is within the New River Basin eight -digit HUC 05050001 and the 14-digit HUC 05050001030020
(Figure 1). Located in the Blue Ridge Belt of the Blue Ridge Province (USGS, 1998), the project watershed
primarily includes managed herbaceous, mixed upland hardwoods, and other forested land. The
drainage area for the project streams range from 0.01 square miles to 2.69 square miles.
The project streams consist of Vile Creek and five unnamed tributaries (UT) to Vile Creek including UT1,
UT1b, UT1c, UT2, UT3, and a portion of Little River. Stream restoration reaches include Vile Creek
(Reaches 1 and 2) and UT1 Reach 2, which together comprise 3,047 linear feet (LF) of perennial stream
channel. Stream enhancements reaches include UT1 Reach 1, UT1b, UT1c, UT2, UT3, and a portion of
Little River, totaling 5,009 LF. Wetland components include 3.02 acres of wetland rehabilitation and 3.38
acres of wetland re-establishment.
Construction activities were completed by Land Mechanic Designs, Inc. in February 2017. Planting and
seeding activities were completed by Bruton Natural Systems, Inc. in February 2017. The land required
for construction, management, and stewardship of the mitigation project included portions of five
parcels resulting in 25.04 acres of the conservation easement. The project is expected to generate
5,053.000 stream mitigation units (SMUs) and 5.703 riparian wetland mitigation units (WMUs). Annual
monitoring will be conducted for seven years with close-out anticipated to commence in 2024 given the
success criteria are met.
1.1 Project Goals and Objectives
The Site is intended to provide numerous ecological benefits within the New River Basin. While many of
these benefits are limited to the Vile Creek project area, others, such as pollutant removal, reduced
sediment loading, and improved aquatic and terrestrial habitat, have farther -reaching effects. Expected
improvements to water quality and ecological processes are outlined below as project goals and
objectives. These project goals and objectives were established with careful consideration of goals and
objectives that were described in the RBRP and to address stressors identified in the LWP.
The following project specific goals established in the Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2016) include:
Goals
Objectives
Exclude cattle from streams and buffers by installing
Reduce pollutant inputs to streams including fecal
fencing around conservation easements adjacent to
coliform, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
cattle pastures. Install wells and drinkers to provide
alternative water sources for cattle.
Reduce inputs of sediment into streams from
Reconstruct stream channels with stable dimensions.
eroding stream banks.
Add bank revetments and in -stream structures to
protect restored/enhanced streams.
Return a network of streams to a stable form that
Construct stream channels that will maintain a stable
is capable of supporting hydrologic, biologic, and
pattern and profile considering the hydrologic and
water quality functions.
sediment inputs to the system, the landscape setting,
and the watershed conditions.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-1

Goals
Objectives
Improve aquatic communities in project streams
Install habitat features such as constructed riffles, cover
and provide improved habitat for trout migrating
logs, and brush toes into restored/enhanced streams.
from Little River into Vile Creek. Note: Presence of
Add woody materials to channel beds. Construct pools of
aquatic organisms and trout will not be tied to
varying depth.
project success criteria.
Raise local groundwater elevations and allow for
more frequent overbank flows to provide a source
Reconstruct stream channels with appropriate bankfull
of hydration for floodplain wetlands. Reduce shear
dimensions and depth relative to the existing floodplain.
stress on channels during larger flow events.
Restore wetland hydrology, soils, and plant
Restore riparian wetlands by raising stream beds,
plugging existing ditches, removing fill material over
communities.
relict hydric soils, and planting native wetland species.
Improve and expand Southern Appalachian bog
habitat to support bog species such as bog turtles.
Widen low lying ditched areas that represent bog
Note: Presence of bog turtles will not be tied to
conditions.
project success criteria.
Create and improve riparian and wetland habitats
by planting native vegetation. Provide a canopy to
shade streams and reduce thermal loadings. Create
Plant native tree and shrub species in riparian zone and
a source of woody inputs for streams. Reduce flood
wetland areas other than bog areas. Bog areas will be
flow velocities on floodplain and improve long-
planted with herbaceous species.
term lateral stability of streams. Improve bog
habitat by planting herbaceous wetland plants.
Ensure that development and agricultural uses that
would damage the site or reduce the benefits of
Establish conservation easements on the site.
project are prevented.
1.2 Monitoring Year 5 Data Assessment
Annual monitoring and quarterly Site visits were conducted during MY4 to assess the condition of the
project. The stream, vegetation, and hydrologic success criteria for the Site follows the approved success
criteria presented in the Vile Creek Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2016).
1.2.1 Stream Assessment
Riffle cross -sections on the restoration and enhancement I reaches should be stable and show little
change in bankfull area, maximum depth ratio, and width -to -depth ratio. Per NCDMS guidance, bank
height ratios (BHR) shall not exceed 1.2 and entrenchment ratios (ER) shall be at least 2.2 (C stream type
reaches only) for restored channels to be considered stable. All riffle cross -sections should fall within the
parameters defined for channels of the appropriate stream type. If any changes do occur, these changes
will be evaluated to assess whether the stream channel is showing signs of instability. Indicators most
often include trends in vertical incision or bank erosion. Changes in the channel that indicate a
movement toward stability or enhanced habitat include a decrease in the width -to -depth ratio in
meandering channels or an increase in pool depth. Remedial action would not be taken if channel
changes indicate a movement toward stability.
Morphological surveys for the MY5 were conducted in June and October 2021. In general, the cross -
sections show little change in the bankfull area, maximum depth ratio, and width -to -depth ratio with
minimal adjustment, indicating that channel dimensions are stable and project streams are function as
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-2

designed. All cross -sections fell within the parameters defined for channels of the appropriate stream
type (Rosgen, 1994 & 1996). In MY5, left bank scour is present at cross-section 7, thus increasing
bankfull area and resulting in a bank height ratio greater than 1.2. However, this is an isolated area of
bank scour and does not appear to be widespread along UT1 Reach 1. See Section 1.2.5 for further
discussion about stream areas of concern. The remaining cross -sections show little change in bankfull
dimensions in comparison to the MYO survey.
Reachwide pebble counts along all restoration and enhancement I reaches indicate of maintenance of
coarser materials in riffle features and finer particles in the pool features. Riffle cross-section pebble
counts indicate similar D50 particle sizes in comparison to MYO. Please refer to Appendix 4 for
morphological tables and plots.
1.2.2 Stream Hydrology Assessment
At the end of the seven-year monitoring period, two or more bankfull events and geomorphically
significant (60% of bankfull flow) events must have occurred in separate years within the restoration and
enhancement reaches.
During MY5, two bankfull events and two geomorphically significant events were documented on UT1
Reach 2, while one bankfull event and one geomorphically significant event was documented on Vile
Creek Reach 2. With at least three bankfull events occurring in separate years documented on UT1
Reach 2 and at least two bankfull events occurring in separate years documented on Vile Creek, the
success criteria for bankfull and geomorphically significant events has been met on all monitored
reaches.
Refer to Appendix 5 for hydrology summary data and plots.
1.2.3 Vegetative Assessment
A total of 25 vegetation monitoring plots were installed during baseline monitoring throughout the
project easement to measure the survival of the planted trees, shrubs, and herbaceous vegetation.
Seventeen of the plots were established to evaluate woody species composition, density, and survival
rates, while 8 of the plots were established to evaluate percent coverage of herbaceous species of bog
areas. The size of individual quadrants is 100 square meters (10m x 10m or 5m x 20m) for woody tree
and shrub species and 20 square meters (5m x 4m) for herbaceous vegetation bog plots. In MY5 two
transect vegetation plots were added to evaluate a supplemental planting area. Transect vegetation
monitoring plot assessments will document number of planted stems and species using a circular or 100
square meters/rectangular plot.
Tree and shrub assessments are conducted following the 2006 Carolina Vegetation Survey (CVS) Level 2
Protocol for Recording Vegetation. The final planted stem vegetative success criteria for the Site is the
survival of 210 planted stems per acre in the planted riparian and wetland corridor at the end of the
required monitoring period (MY7). The interim measure of vegetative success for the Site is the survival
of at least 320 planted stems per acre at the end of the third monitoring year (MY3) and at least 260
stems per acre at the end of the fifth monitoring year (MY5). In addition, planted trees must average 10
feet in height in each plot at the end of the seventh year of monitoring. Vegetation plots one and two
contain only shrub species; therefore, shrub stem density success criteria of 160 surviving plants per
acre at the end of year 3, 130 at the end of year 5, and 105 at the end of year 7 is used for these plots.
There are no height criteria for shrubs. The bog plots are assessed by visually estimating the percent
herbaceous coverage within each plot and must have at least 80% coverage success criteria.
The MY5 vegetative survey was completed in September 2021. The MY5 vegetation monitoring resulted
in an average planted stem density of 386 stems per acre for woody tree species and 283 stems per acre
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-3

for shrubs species, both of which exceed the interim requirement of 320 stems per acre for tree species
and 160 required for shrub species at MY5 and are on target to meet the requirements for MY7. In
addition, 14 of the 17 plots individually met the success criteria with a stem density ranging from 364 to
607 stems per acre for tree species and 202 to 364 for shrub species. Vegetation plots 5 (202), 9 (162),
and 14 (121) did not meet stem density requirements. The bog cells have become well established since
project construction. Each with approximately 99% herbaceous coverage, the MY5 monitoring shows all
herbaceous bog plots are exceeding success criteria. Both transect vegetation plots added to the
supplemental planting area exceed the interim requirement of 320 stems per acre for tree species and
are on target to meet the requirements for MY7.
The Gray's Lily (Lilium grayi) GPS locations are included in the CCPV. A picture from the last known
occurrence of it on site is included in Appendix 2. The two known locations will be surveyed in during
peak blooming season in June and July of MY6.
Refer to Appendix 2 for vegetation plot photographs and Appendix 3 for vegetation data tables
1.2.4 Wetland Assessment
A total of ten groundwater hydrology gages (GWG) and two soil temperature gages were established
during baseline monitoring within the wetland rehabilitation, wetland re-establishment, and bog areas.
A barotroll logger, used to measure barometric pressure and aid in the calculation of groundwater
levels, was also installed on -site. The Barotroll quit working on 9/22/2021 but a new barotroll will be
installed by the beginning of MY6 (2022). Groundwater monitoring gages are downloaded on a quarterly
basis and maintained as needed. Calibration is completed by manually measuring water levels on all
gages to confirm the downloaded data. Under typical precipitation conditions, the final performance
success criteria for groundwater hydrology is the documentation of free groundwater within 12 inches
of the ground surface for 14 consecutive days (8.5%) of the defined 169-day growing season (April 26 —
October 11) for wetlands re-establishment and wetland rehabilitation areas and 20 consecutive days
(12%) of the defined 169-day growing season (April 26 — October 11) for bog areas.
All the Site's GWGs met the success criteria for MY5, with the measured hydroperiod ranging from 16%
to 88% of the growing season. The Barotroll malfunctioned starting on 9/22/21 therefore, the data
collected after 9/22/21 was omitted from the reported data. Two manual measurements of each GWG
water levels were recorded during MY5.
Rainfall data collected from the NC-AG-1-Sparta 3.5 SSW(NCCRONOS) rain gage, rainfall amounts for
most months during the growing season fell between the 30t" and 70t" percentile rainfall for Alleghany
County. While higher than normal rainfall occurred in August and October 2021. Refer to the CCPV Maps
in Appendix 2 for the groundwater gage locations and Appendix 5 for groundwater hydrology and
average rainfall summary data and plots.
1.2.5 Areas of Concern/Adaptive Management Plan
Overall, the streams are geomorphically stable and riparian and wetland vegetation is performing well.
However, isolated stream and vegetation problem areas do exist on -site. A few stream areas of concern
outside of the repair areas are noted on the CCPV. These areas are not negatively impacting stream
function or stability currently, but they will be monitored in future years for signs of instability. The UT1
Reach 1 (Station 205+10-205+60) natural stream realignment in MY4 (approximately 21-feet) newly
created channel appears to be stable and will be closely monitored for instability.
An Adaptive Management Plan (AMP) was prepared and approved by the IRT (Appendix 6). The AMP
was developed to describe the extend of stream repairs and supplemental plantings to be completed by
Wildlands. The stream repairs were conducted from September 8-loth , 2021 and constructed per the
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-4

details provided in the AMP. This work conducted on Vile Creek Reach 2 at Stations 118+50-118+80,
119+50-119+70, 120+70-121+00, and 122+20-123+00 included repairs to a j-hook, boulder sill, and an
angled log riffle, and multiple bank stabilizations. There was only one area on Vile Creek Reach 2 that
was not repaired as described in the AMP. It was at Station 121+00 to 121+25. The repair area was
mislabeled and should have been Station 119+50-119+70. Here, the left and right banks were stabilized
by grading them back and adding sod mats. Additional measures that were outlined in the AMP and
implemented as proposed were the stabilization of bank erosion along a secondary channel of Vile
Creek Reach 3 at Station 125+00-125+60 and the addition of rock to stabilize a headcut at the intake of
the BMP, which is located at the top of UT2. Supplemental plantings will occur during the 2022 dormant
season and vegetation species, planting details, and quantities will be documented in the MY6 report.
Completed stream repairs were observed in October, and they appear to be stable and functioning.
Aggradation on UT1b (Station 251+02 — 251+64 (62')) and UT1c (Station 271+66 — 272+81 (115')), have
resulted in sheet flow onto the floodplain rather than maintaining flow within a single thread channel. A
question about the wetland performance standards for hydrology and vegetation was raised concerning
the change from stream to wetland credit for UT1B and UT1C. Wildlands installed a stream gage at
baseline for internal data collection that can be used to verify the hydrology performance from previous
monitoring years. Wildlands will install a GWG to monitor wetland hydrology for MY6 and MY7.
Vegetation can be visually monitored for success using the existing photo points. AT MY7 Wildlands will
verify the jurisdictional limits of UT1C and UT1B and include it in the monitoring report. Wildlands will
coordinate with IRT and DIMS prior to closeout to determine the mitigation approach, credit ratios, and
acreage of these features so the appropriate amount of wetland credit can be added to the site and the
necessary amount of stream credit can be removed.
Though invasive species, including Japanese barberry (eerberis thunbergii), Oriental bittersweet
(Celastrus orbiculatus), and multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) continue to be present within and around
the Site, previous invasive species treatments of cutting the plants and applying glyphosate to the
stumps or stems have reduced their populations from 11.6% in MY4 to 1.7 % in MY5. Invasive
treatments were also conducted in August of MY5 and included spraying all fence lines. Although the
presence of invasive species is not impacting survival rates of planted stems at this time, these areas will
likely warrant additional treatment to prevent any advancement within the conservation easement and
future impacts to the Site. Additional treatments will continue as needed to help manage and eliminate
remaining invasive species populations.
Overall, the herbaceous cover has become well established throughout the Site. Small infrequent areas
of poor herbaceous cover (less than 1% of the easement) are noted near GWGs 8-9 and along the right
valley of UT2 near Station 305+00. In MY3, these areas were reseeded, and herbaceous cover is starting
to become established but is not as well established as compared to the rest of the Site.
During MY5 areas of low stem density and height were documented on site and amount to 8.9% of the
planted conservation easement. These areas include: a portion of the left floodplain on UT1 Reach 1, ten
feet from top of bank along Vile Creek Reach 1, and along the left floodplain of UT2 just below the BMP.
Supplemental planting of 854 1-gallon and 3-gallon trees were completed in the March of 2021 on the
right bank of UT1 Reach 2 starting at UT1C and continuing down to Vile Creek Reach 2 and stopping at
cross-section nine. In addition to the plantings, tree tubes were installed on the newly planted stems to
protect them from deer grazing. Additional supplemental planting is planned for Winter 2022 on Vile
Creek Reach 1 ten feet from top of bank and the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3.
Minor easement encroachment from mowing on the left floodplain of UT1 Reach 1 was noted. In MY6,
Wildlands further delineated the easement boundary in this area with additional signs. The additional
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-5

signs installed along the boundary helped reduce the mowing encroachment but did not eliminate it.
Wildlands plans to add additional markings along the easement line to eliminate the encroachment.
Refer to Appendix 2 for the vegetation condition assessment table, the CCPV maps, stream repair
photos, and area of concern photos.
1.3 Monitoring Year 5 Summary
Overall, the Site has partially met the required stream, vegetation, and hydrology success criteria for
MY5 and is on track to meet MY7 performance standards/success criteria. All restored and
enhancement I streams are geomorphically stable and functioning as designed. During MY5, 1 bankfull
event was recorded on Vile Creek Reach 2 and 2 bankfull events were recorded on UT1 Reach 2.
However, bankfull event criteria was already met in MY2. Multiple geomorphically significant events
were recorded on Vile Creek Reach 2 and UT1 Reach 2. Pebble counts reflect no significant change in
restoration and enhancement I stream substrate material. All ten gages in the wetland re-establishment
and wetland rehabilitation, and bog areas are either meeting or exceeding hydrology success criteria.
Summary information and data related to the performance of various project and monitoring elements
can be found in the tables and figures in the report appendices. Narrative background and supporting
information formerly found in these reports can be found in the Mitigation Plan documents available on
DMS's website. All raw data supporting the tables and figures in the appendices are available from DIMS
upon request.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 1-6

Section 2: METHODOLOGY
Geomorphic data were collected following the standards outlined in The Stream Channel Reference Site:
An Illustrated Guide to Field Techniques (Harrelson et al., 1994) and in the Stream Restoration: A Natural
Channel Design Handbook (Doll et al., 2003). All Integrated Current Condition Mapping was recorded
using either a Trimble or Topcon handheld GPS with sub -meter accuracy and processed using Pathfinder
and ArcGIS. Crest gages were installed in surveyed riffle cross sections and monitored quarterly.
Hydrologic monitoring instrument installation and monitoring methods are in accordance with the
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE, 2016) standards. Planted woody vegetation is being
monitored in accordance with the guidelines and procedures developed by the Carolina Vegetation
Survey-EEP Level 2 Protocol (Lee et al., 2006).
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
lilllWo Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 2-1

Section 3: REFERENCES
Doll, B.A., Grabow, G.L., Hall, K.A., Halley, J., Harman, W.A., Jennings, G.D., and Wise, D.E. 2003. Stream
Restoration A Natural Channel Design Handbook.
Harrelson, Cheryl C; Rawlins, C.L.; Potyondy, John P. 1994. Stream Channel Reference Sites: An Illustrated
Guide to Field Technique. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-245. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 61 p.
Lee, Michael T., Peet, Robert K., Steven D., Wentworth, Thomas R. 2006. CVS-EEP Protocol for Recording
Vegetation Version 4.0. Retrieved from http:Hdeq.nc.gov/document/cvs-eep-protocol-v42-lev1-2.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2009. New River Basin Restoration
Priorities. Retrieved from http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/mitigation-services/dms-
planning/watershed-planning-documents/new-river-basin.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2007. Little River & Brush Creek
Local Watershed Plan (LWP) Project Atlas. Retrieved from
http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/mitigation-services/dms-planning/watershed-planning-
documents/new-river-basin.
North Carolina Division of Mitigation Services and Interagency Review Team Technical Workgroup. 2018.
Standard Measurement of the BHR Monitoring Parameter. Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Climate Retrieval and Observations Network of the Southeast Database (NCCRONOS).
2021. State Climate Office of North Carolina. Version 2.7.2. Station ID NC-AG-1-Sparta 3.5 SSW.
Accessed October and November 2021.
Rosgen, D. L. 1994. A classification of natural rivers. Catena 22:169-199.
Rosgen, D.L. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Pagosa Springs, CO: Wildland Hydrology Books.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2016. Stream Mitigation Guidelines. USACE, NCDENR-
DWQ, USEPA, NCWRC.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2019. WETS Station: SPARA 3.5 SSW, NC. NRCS. 1971-
2020. https://www.wcc.nres.usda.gov/climate/navigate wets.html
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1998. North Carolina Geology.
https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/north-carolina-geological-
su rvey/.
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. 2016. Vile Creek Mitigation Site Final Mitigation Plan. NCDMS, Raleigh, NC.
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. 2017. Vile Creek Stream Mitigation Site Baseline Monitoring Document and
As -Built Baseline Report. DMS, Raleigh, NC.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — Final 3-1

APPENDIX 1. General Figures and Tables

- 98 ^ r r l•_ / a' Project Location
- j•_•j Hydrologic Unit Code (14)
0 DMS Targeted Local Watershed
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The subject project site is an environmental restoration site of
the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ)
Division of Mitigation Services (DMS) and is encompassed
by a recorded conservation easement, but is bordered
by land under private ownership. Accessing the site
may require traversing areas near or along the easement
boundary and therefore access by the general public is not
permitted. Access by authorized personnel of state and
federal agencies or their designees/contractors involved in
the development, oversight,and stewardship of the restoration
site is permitted within the terms and timeframes of their
defined roles. Any intended site visitation or activity by
any person outside of these previously sanctioned roles
and activites requires prior coordination with DMS.
VVTLTILANDS 1 0 1 2Mile
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Directions to Site:
To reach the site from Raleigh, NC, take 1-40 West toward
US70/Greensboro/Winston-Salem. Keep right at the fork to
continue on 1-40 Business West/US-421 North. Take exit 6B for
US-52 North/US-311 North/NC-8 North toward Mount Airy/Smith
Reynolds/Airport. Merge onto US-311 North/US-52 North and
continue to follow US-52 North. Continue on 1-74 West. Take exit 6
for NC-89 toward Mount Airy. At the end of the exit ramp, turn left
onto NC-89 West. Travel 13.7 miles, turn left onto NC-18 South.
Travel 14.4 miles, cross over Vile Creek. Napco Road will be on
the right. Take the next left onto a gravel farm road to access the Site.
Figure 1 Project Vicinity Map
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
Alleghony County, NC

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Vile Creek Mitigation Site
0 300 600 Feet DMS Project No. 96582
1 1 1 1 I Monitoring Year 5- 2021
Alleghany County, NC

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Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring 1 Monitoring Year 5- 2021
Activity or Report
Mitigation Plan
Data Collection Complete
N/A
Completion or Scheduled Delivery
June 2016
Final Design - Construction Plans
N/A
June 2016
Construction
N/A
February 2017
Temporary S&E mix applied to entire project areal
N/A
February 2017
Permanent seed mix applied to reach/segments'
N/A
February 2017
Bare root and live stake plantings for reach/segments
N/A
February 2017
Baseline Monitoring Document (Year O)
Stream Survey
March 2017
April 2017
Vegetation Survey
April 2017
Year 1 Monitoring
Stream Survey
September 2017
December 2017
Vegetation Survey
September 2017
Year 2 Monitoring
Stream Survey
April 2018
November 2018
Vegetation Survey
September 2018
Year 3 Monitoring
Stream Survey
April 2019
December 2019
Shrub Planting
June 2019
Invasive Treatment
June 2019
Vegetation Survey
September 2019
Year 4 Monitoring
Supplimental Planting
March 2020
November 2020
Stream Repairs
March 2020
Invasive Treatment
September 2020
Year 5 Monitoring
Supplimental Planting
March 2021
November 2021
Stream Survey
June 2021
Invasive Treatment
August 2021
Stream Repairs
September 2021
Vegetation Survey
September 2021
Year 6 Monitoring
Stream Survey
N/A
November 2022
Vegetation Survey
N/A
November 2022
Year 7 Monitoring
Stream Survey
N/A
November 2023
Vegetation Survey
N/A
November 2023
'Seed and mulch was added as each section of construction was completed.
Table 3. Project Contact Table
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No.96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2020
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
Designer
1430 South Mint Street, Ste 104
Jeff Keaton, PE
Charlotte, NC 28205
704.332.7754
Land Mechanics Design, Inc.
Construction Contractor
126 Circle G Lane
Willow Spring, NC 27592
Bruton Natural Systems, Inc
Planting Contractor
P.O. Box 1197
Fremont, NC 27830
Land Mechanics Design, Inc.
Seeding Contractor
126 Circle G Lane
Willow Spring, NC 27592
Seed Mix Sources
Green Resource, LLC
Nursery Stock Suppliers
Bare Roots
Dykes and Son Nursery
Live Stakes
Bruton Natural Systems, Inc.; Foggy Mountain Nursery, LLC
Plugs
Wetland Plants Inc.
Monitoring Performers
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
Kristi Suggs
Monitoring, POC
704.332.7754, ext. 110

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Stream Photographs
Monitoring Year 5

Photo Point 1— view upstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 1— view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 2 —view upstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 2 — view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 3 —view upstream Vile Creek RI (61812021) 1 Photo Point 3 — view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021)

Photo Point 4 — view upstream Vile Creek RI (61812021) 1 Photo Point 4— view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 5 — view upstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) I Photo Point 5 — view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021)
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Photo Point 6—view upstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 6—view downstream Vile Creek R1 (61812021)

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Photo Point 10—view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 10—view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 11— view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 11— view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 12—view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 12—view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021)

Photo Point 13 — view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 13 — view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 14—view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 14—view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
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Photo Point 15 —view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) Photo Point 15 — view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021)

Photo Point 16 — view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 16 — view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 17 — view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 17 — view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1
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Photo Point 18 — view upstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 18 — view downstream Vile Creek R2 (61812021)

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Photo Point 22 —view upstream Vile Creek R3 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 22 —view downstream Vile Creek R3 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 23 — view upstream Little River (61812021) Photo Point 23 — view downstream Little River (61812021)
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Photo Point 24 — view upstream UT1 R1 (61812021) Photo Point 24 — view downstream UT1 R1 (61812021)

Photo Point 25 -view upstream UT1 R1 (61812021) 1 Photo Point 25 -view downstream UT1 R1 (61812021) 1
Photo Point 26 -view upstream UT1 R1 (6/8/2021) 1 Photo Point 26 - view downstream UT1 R1 (6/8/2021) 1
Photo Point 27 - view upstream UT1 R1 (6/8/2021) 1 Photo Point 27 - view downstream UT1 R1 (6/8/2021)

Photo Point 28 — view upstream UT1C (61812021) 1 Photo Point 28 — view downstream UT1C (61812021) 1
Photo Point 29 — view upstream UT1 R2 (61812021) I Photo Point 29 — view downstream UT1 R2 (61812021)
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Photo Point 30 — view upstream UT1 R2 (61812021) Photo Point 30 — view downstream UT1 R2 (61812021)

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Photo Point 36—stormwater wetland (61812021) 1

Vegetation Photographs
Monitoring Year 5

Vegetation Plot 1- (912712021) 1 Vegetation Plot 2 - (912712021) 1
Vegetation Plot 3 - (912712021) 1 Vegetation Plot 4 - (912712021) 1
Vegetation Plot 5 - (912712021) 1 Vegetation Plot 6 - (912712021) 1

Vegetation Plot 7 - (912712021) 1 Vegetation Plot 8 - (912812021) 1
I Vegetation Plot 9 - (912812021) I Vegetation Plot 10 - (912812021) I
Vegetation Plot 11 - (912812021) 1 Vegetation Plot 12 - (912712021) 1

Vegetation Plot 13 - (912712021) 1 Vegetation Plot 14 - (912812021) 1
I Vegetation Plot 15 - (912812021) I Vegetation Plot 16 — (912812021) I
Vegetation Plot 17 - (912812021) 1 Transect Vegetation Plot 1- (912812021) 1

Transect Vegetation Plot 2 - (912812021) 1

Bog Vegetation Photographs
Monitoring Year 5

Bog Vegetation Plot 1 - (912712021) 1 Bog Vegetation Plot 2 - (912712021) 1
Bog Vegetation Plot 3 - (912712021) 1 Bog Vegetation Plot 4 - (912712021) 1
Bog Vegetation Plot 5 - (912712021) 1 Bog Vegetation Plot 6 - (912712021) 1

Gray's Lily Photographs
Monitoring Year 5

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Gray's Lily location 1- (610412019)
Gray's Lily location 2 - (610412019)

Photos — Stream Areas of Concern
Monitoring Year 5

Photo 1— Vile Creek R1: Station 103+90 — Right bank piping and scour I Photo 2 — Vile Creek R1: Station 103+90-104+20 — Right bank scour.
around log sill. 10-26-2021 10-26-2021
Photo 3 — UT1 R1: Station 202+90-203+15 — Left Bank Scour. 10-26-2021 1 Photo 4 — UT1 R1: Station 204+90 —Structure missing. 10-26-2021 1
Photo 5 — UT1 R1: Station 205+10-205+50- Stream realignment. 3-2021 I Photo 6 — UT1 R1: Station 206+40 — 206+60 — Bank Scour 10-26-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — 2021

Photo 7 — UT1 R1: Station 212+50 — Structure piping. 10-26-2021 1 Photo 8— UT1 R2: Station 220+98 — Piping around structure 3-17-2021 1
I Photo 9 — UT2: Station 304+90— Headcut 3-17-2021 1 Photo 10 — UT2: Station 305+00 — 305+50 — Bank scour. 10-26-2021 1
Photo 11 — UT2: Station 306+30 — 306+70 — Bank scour. 10-26-2021 I Photo 12 — UT2 Station 309+70: Stream aggradation. 10-26-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — 2021

Photo 13— UT1B: Stream aggradation. 3-17-2021 1 Photo 14— UT1C: Stream aggradation. 3-17-2021 1
Photo 15 - UT1 R1: Easement encroachment. 10-27-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — 2021

Vile Creek
Repairs Photo Log

Vile Creek R2: STA 118+50 - 118+80 - Right Bank Repair 9-28-2021 1 Vile Creek R2: STA 118+80 —J-Hook Repair 9-28-2021 1
Vile Creek R2: STA 119+50 - 119+70 - Bank Repair 9-28-2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 122+20- 123+00 — Stream Repair
9-28-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — 2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 121+00 - 121+25 - Right Bank Repair 9-28-2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 123+00— Rock Sill Repair 9-28-2021

Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Monitoring Year 5 Annual Report — 2021 2

APPENDIX 3. Vegetation Plot Data

Table 7. Vegetation Plot Criteria Attainment
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
MY5 Success Criteria Met
Plot
Tract Mean
(Y/N)
1
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3
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4
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7
Y
8
Y
9
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10
Y
11
Y
12
Y
13
Y
14
15
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16
Y
17
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Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
Plot ID
Base
MY1
Percent
MY2
Cover
MY3
%
MY4
MY5
MY6
MY7
1
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100
N/A
100
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100
100
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APPENDIX 4. Morphological Summary Data and Plots

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APPENDIX 5. Hydrology Summary Data and Plots

Table 13a. Verification of Bankfull Events
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
Reach
Vile Reach 2
Monitoring Year
M Y1
Date of Occurrence
3/31/2017
Crest Gage
4/24/2017
10/8/2017
M Y2
9/16/2018
10/11/2018
M Y4
1/11/2020
1/22/2020
2/7/2020
4/13/2020
5/20/2020
5/27/2020
8/15/2020
9/29/2020
10/29/2020
M Y5
4/10/2021
UT1 Reach 2
M Y1
5/5/2017
10/8/2017
MY2
10/11/2018
M Y3
6/17/2019
8/1/2019
9/30/2019
M Y4
1/11/2020
1/24/2020
2/6/2020
4/13/2020
4/29/2020
5/20/2020
5/27/2020
7/23/2020
8/15/2020
9/12/2020
9/29/2020
10/29/2020
M Y5
2/3/2021
4/10/2021

Table 13b. Verification of Geomorphically Significant Events
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
Reach
Monitoring Year
Date of Occurrence
Vile Reach 2
M Y3
2/23/2019
Crest Gage
4/14/2019
4/19/2019
6/17/2019
7/5/2019
8/1/2019
9/30/2019
M Y4
1/11/2020
1/21/2020
1/24/2020
2/6/20204/13/2020
4/29/2020
5/20/2020
5/27/2020
8/3/2020
8/15/2020
9/12/2020
9/29/2020
10/11/2020
10/29/2020
M Y5
4/10/2021
8/17/2021
UT1 Reach 2
M Y3
2/23/2019
4/14/2019
4/19/2019
6/17/2019
7/30/2019
8/1/2019
9/30/2019
M Y4
1/11/2020
1/21/2020
1/24/2020
2/6/2020
4/13/2020
4/29/2020
5/20/2020
5/27/2020
7/19/2020
7/23/2020
8/15/2020
8/20/2020
9/12/2020
9/29/2020
10/11/2020
10/29/2020
M Y5
2/3/2021
4/10/2021

Table 14. Wetland Gage Attainment Summary
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 5 - 2021
Summary of Groundwater Gage Results for Monitoring Years 1 through 7��
Success Criteria Achieved/Max Consecutive Days During Growing Season (Percentage)
Gage
Year 1 (2017)
Year 2 (2018)
Year 3 (2019)
Year 4 (2020)
Year 5 (2021)**
Year 6 (2022)
Year 7 (2023)
1*
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(89%)
Yes/ 129 Days
Yes/33 Days
Yes/15 Days
Yes/70 Days
Yes/150 Days
2
(77%)
(20%)
(9%)
(41%)
(89%)
Yes/169 Days
Yes/73 Days
Yes/14 Days
Yes/85 Days
Yes/127 Days
3
(100%)
(43%)
(8.5%)
(50%)
(75%)
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
4
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(89%)
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
5
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(89%)
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
6
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(89%)
Yes/ 129 Days
Yes/33 Days
Yes/24 Days
Yes/85 Days
Yes/150 Days
7
(77%)
(20%)
(14%)
(50%)
(89%)
Yes/125 Days
Yes/14 Days
Yes/44 Days
Yes/27 Days
8
(74%)
(8%)
(26%)
(16%)
Yes/40 Days
Yes/33 Days
Yes/106 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
9
(24%)
(20%)
(63%)
(100%)
(89%)
10*
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/169 Days
Yes/150 Days
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(89%)
*Gages are located in bog habitat.
**The barotroll at Vile Creek malfunctioned starting on 9/22/21: therefore, the data collected after 9/22/21 was omitted
from the report data
Growing season is April 26th -October 11th.
Success criteria for wetlands is 14 consecutive days (8.5%) and 20 consecutive days (12%) for bogs.

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APPENDIX 6. Meeting Notes - IRT Site Walk - June 24, 2021

% &V
WILDLANDS
ENGINEERING
MEETING NOTES
MEETING: IRT Site Walk
VILE CREEK Mitigation Site
New River Basin 05050001; Alleghany County, NC
DEQ Contract No. 5999
DMS Project No. 96582
USACE ID No.: 2014-01585
DWR No.: 14-0869
Wildlands Project No. 005-02147
DATE: Thursday, June 24, 2021, 8:30 am to 12 pm
LOCATION: Sparta
Alleghany County, NC
Attendees
Todd Tugwell, USACE
Kim Browning, USACE
Casey Haywood, USACE
Erin Davis, NC DWR
Andrea Leslie, NC WRC
Paul Wiesner, NC DMS
Melonie Allen, NC DMS
Jeff Keaton, Wildlands Engineering
Kristi Suggs, Wildlands Engineering
Jordan Hessler, Wildlands Engineering
Meeting Notes
1. Jeff Keaton began the meeting with an overview of the project.
2. The group decided to shuttle up to the top of Vile Creek Reach 1 to start the site walk. The group briefly
stopped to examine and discuss the existing BMP. IRT members expressed a minor concern the BMP has
an existing cattail population and wildlands should consider removing or reducing it. The headcut at the
inlet to the BMP was discussed. Although it didn't seem to be a priority to the IRT, Jeff said Wildlands
would add some rock to stabilize it.
3. The group continued the tour at the top of Vile Creek Reach 1.
4. IRT members asked about the Bog vegetation criteria. Wildlands explained it was a visual assessment
based on percent coverage of herbaceous vegetation in bog vegetation plots.
5. Erin Davis and others discussed the tree density in the riparian tree zone on Vile Creek Reach 1. Due to
Vile Creek being cold stream credits, denser woody vegetation is expected to shade the stream,
especially along the top of bank. This area should be shown as a problem area in the MY5 monitoring

Vile Creek Mitigation Site — Meeting Notes
report. Supplemental planting of containerized trees should be completed during the next dormant
season. Note: Vile Creek Reach 1 only has trees planted withing the first ten feet from the top of the
streambanks. Beyond that zone, shrubs were planted except in the bog areas, which were planted with
herbaceous vegetation. A description of the planting zones and a detailed map are included in the
mitigation plan.
6. The group continued to walk down the right floodplain of Vile Creek Reach 1 and moved on to the right
bank of Vile Creek Reach 2 and UT1 Reach 2.
7. The group reviewed the newly planted trees. Jeff explained that the tree cones were used to prevent
deer browse. When these new trees were planted, a pepper pellet was also placed beneath the root
ball which gives the leaves and branches a bad taste, also to discourages deer browse. It was
determined the tree cones protecting the newly planted trees from deer browse were not readily
biodegradable and should be removed by closeout.
8. Jordan and Kristi asked for input of method of monitoring newly planted trees. Erin discussed the
possibility of running transects through the planted areas to determine planting success. Wildlands will
consider if adding the transect is the best approach. Wildlands will continue to monitor the vegetation
plots in MY5, MY6, and MY7. If the vegetation plots are not trending towards success Wildlands will add
a year of vegetation monitoring.
9. The group walked up the left floodplain of UT1 Reach 2 and stopped to discuss the aggradation on UT1C.
Todd Tugwell and others determined the lower section was functioning as a linear wetland feature
rather than a stream. If this trend continues to close out this stream and UT1B (which is in a similar
situation) will be credited as wetlands. The portions of UT1C and UT1B that are functioning as wetlands
will be tracked in linear footage in the MY5, MY6, and MY7 monitoring reports to determine if the
wetlands areas are increasing or decreasing. An additional photo point in each of these reaches will be
added in the MY5-MY7 reports as well. Wildlands believes these areas will meet the wetland
performance standards for hydrology and vegetation. Wildlands installed stream gages at the baseline
for internal data collection that can be used to verify the hydrology performance standard. The
vegetation will be visually monitored. At MY7 Wildlands will verify the jurisdictional limits of UT1C and
UT1B and include it in the monitoring report. Wildlands will coordinate with the IRT and DMS prior to
closeout to determine the mitigation approach, credit ratios, and acreage of these wetlands so that the
appropriate amount of wetland credit can be added to the site and the necessary amount of stream
credit can be removed.
10. The group decided not to continue up and see UT1 Reach 1. The section of channel that naturally
realigned itself and left an oxbow on UT1 Reach 1 was discussed. IRT decided they did not need to see
the stream realignment. However, they want Wildlands to add a photo point to the monitoring report to
document its stability over time.
11. Next the group walked Vile Creek Reach 2 and discussed the stream banks that have eroded and sill
structures that have failed. After a review of all three banks and the structures, the IRT determined
Wildlands will need to repair these areas. The repairs will be completed in MY5 and documented in the
MY5 monitoring report. A map showing the locations of the repairs is attached.
12. IRT members noted treatment is needed for many small patches of multiflora rose throughout the site.
13. The site review continued to Vile Creek reach 3. IRT members expressed concern about the bare bank
along the overflow channel. Wildlands will stabilize the erosion on the bank and replant this area with
bare roots to establish woody vegetation. The repairs will be completed in MY5 and documented in the
MY5 monitoring report. A map showing the locations of the repair is attached.
14. Concern was expressed over the lack of woody vegetation on the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3. IRT
suggested Wildlands supplementally plant the area if additional planting is done on the project.
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. page 2
VILE CREEK Mitigation Site
IRT Site Walk

Vile Creek Mitigation Site — Meeting Notes
15. The final stream the group reviewed was UT3. There was discussion that understory planting was not
done along this reach. However, understory planting was done along this reach and the right floodplain
of Vile Creek Reaches 2 and 3. Species planted included spicebush, winter berry, red chokeberry, and
American hornbeam.
16. Part of the group tried to find one of the known Gray's Lily locations but couldn't find it. Wildlands will
go back and resurvey during peak blooming time in June and July of MY6 to try and find both instances of
the Gray's Lily on site.
17. There was a summary discussion at the end of the site review. The key points included:
• Wildlands will repair the lower end of Vile Creek Reach 2 including bank repairs and
repair/replace log sills and a boulder sill (see attached map).
• Wildlands will plant bare spots along Vile Creek Reach 1 to provide shade for cold water stream
habitat. The planting density will be 200 trees per acre, the plants will be 1-gallon containerized
plants, and the likely species to be planted include persimmon, sycamore, tag alder, American
basswood, and black cherry. The last two are deviations from the planting plan in the approved
mitigation plan and need approval of the IRT before planting begins. Live stakes may also be
planted on the stream banks. These will be species from the approved mitigation plan planting
list but may also include black willow, if approved.
• Wildlands will not repair UT1b and UT1c where they have filled in. These areas will likely be
converted to wetland credits at closeout. Additional monitoring to be performed for MY5-MY7
is discussed in item #9 above.
• Wildlands will treat invasives on the project site including multiflora rose, Chinese privet, and
Japanese barberry.
• As a follow-up to the discussion of cattails in the BMP at the top of UT2, Wildlands' position on
this issue is that the cattails are not negatively affecting the performance of the BMP. So, at this
time, we are not planning to treat cattails on the site unless IRT members inform us of a strong
preference to treat them.
• Wildlands will perform supplemental planting along the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3 during
the next dormant season.
• The IRT noted that if the repairs and supplemental planting were completed in in MY5 (2021),
MY6 and MY7 should be sufficient to close the site and additional monitoring would not be
required. This is contingent upon the repairs and supplemental planting showing success during
the remaining 2-year monitoring term. The MY5-MY7 monitoring reports will discuss the
success of the repairs and supplemental plantings.
• The IRT members agreed to release the MY4 (2020) credits as proposed.
Attachments:
1. Repair Plan Map
2. MY4 Project Components Map
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. page 3
VILE CREEK Mitigation Site
IRT Site Walk

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Jordan Hessler
From: Kristi Suggs
Sent: Friday, July 23, 2021 9:17 AM
To: Jordan Hessler
Cc: Jeff Keaton
Subject: RE: IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek
(DMS# 96582) SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Flag Status: Flagged
Jordan,
Make sure to update the minutes from the IRT walk referencing the email from Andrea Leslie below and include them in
the MY5 report. Also, let's include a map with the location/s shown and coordinates.
Thanks!
ks
From: Kristi Suggs
Sent: Friday, July 23, 2021 9:11 AM
To: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>
Cc: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>; Jordan Hessler
<[e-mail]>
Subject: RE: IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582)
SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Harry,
Yes, we can address this in the MY5 report.
Thanks!
Kristi
From: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>
Sent: Thursday, July 22, 2021 7:16 PM
To: Kristi Suggs <[e-mail]>
Cc: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>
Subject: FW: IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582)
SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Kristi,
Could you please address this Gray's Lily comment in the final memo that you will include in the MY5 report.
Thanks!
1

Harry Tsomides
Project Manager
Division of Mitigation Services
NC Department of Environmental Quality
Tel. [phone]
Harry.Tsomidesa-ncdenr.gov
5 Ravenscroft Drive
Suite 102
Asheville, NC 28801
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
From: Leslie, Andrea J
Sent: Monday, July 19, 2021 10:57 AM
To: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>; Haywood, Casey M CIV (USA) <[e-mail]>;
Kim Browning <[e-mail]>; Davis, Erin B <[e-mail]>; Tugwell, Todd J CIV
USARMY CESAW (US) <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>; Kristi Suggs <[e-mail]>; Jordan Hessler
<[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>; Allen, Melonie <[e-mail]>
Subject: RE: IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582)
SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Thanks for these, Paul. I'd add that in the notes that we tried to find the Gray's Lily but couldn't, and that I
asked Wildlands to follow up to figure out it it's still present. My understanding is that there were 2 locations
of Gray's Lily, but we only looked for one.
Andrea
Andrea Leslie
Mountain Habitat Conservation Coordinator
NC Wildlife Resources Commission
645 Fish Hatchery Rd., Building B
Marion, NC 28752
828-400-4223 (cell)
www.ncwildlife.org
M I0
Get NC Wildlife Update delivered to your inbox from the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission.
Email correspondence to and from this sender is subject to the N.C. Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
From: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, July 16, 2021 2:29 PM

To: Haywood, Casey M CIV (USA) <[e-mail] >; Kim Browning
<[e-mail]>; Davis, Erin B <[e-mail]>; Tugwell, Todd J CIV USARMY CESAW
(US) <[e-mail]>; Leslie, Andrea J <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>; Kristi Suggs <[e-mail]>; Jordan Hessler
<[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>; Allen, Melonie <[e-mail]>
Subject: IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582) SAW-
2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Casey, Erin, Kim, Andrea, and Todd;
Please find Wildlands meeting minutes for the June 24, 2021 site visit attached.
Let us know if you have any additions, questions, comments or concerns.
Wildlands will put the final meeting minutes in the 2021 (MY5) report as an Appendix for documentation.
Thanks
Paul Wiesner
Western Regional Supervisor
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
828-273-1673 Mobile
Paul.wiesnera-ncdenr.gov
Western DMS Field Office
5 Ravenscroft Drive
Suite 102
Asheville, N.C. 28801
D, �.:.�\4e
E Qom'
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

Jordan Hessler
From: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>
Sent: Tuesday, July 27, 2021 9:21 AM
To: Kristi Suggs; Jeff Keaton; Jordan Hessler
Cc: Tsomides, Harry
Subject: RE: [External] RE: Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582)
SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Flag Status: Flagged
J eff,
Can you all respond to Kim's questions (#1) below?
Please include the email chain (including the WEI response) along with the final meeting minutes as an appendix in the
MY5 (2021) report.
Thanks
Paul Wiesner
Western Regional Supervisor
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division of Mitigation Services
828-273-1673 Mobile
[e-mail]
Western DMS Field Office
5 Ravenscroft Drive
Suite 102
Asheville, N.C. 28801
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed
to third parties.
-----Original Message -----
From: Browning, Kimberly D CIV USARMY CESAW (USA) <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, July 23, 2021 2:27 PM
To: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>; Haywood, Casey M CIV (USA) <[e-mail]>;
Davis, Erin B <[e-mail]>; Tugwell, Todd J CIV USARMY CESAW (US) <[e-mail]>;
Leslie, Andrea J <[e-mail]>; Wilson, Travis W. <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>; Kristi Suggs <[e-mail]>; Jordan Hessler
<[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>; Allen, Melonie <[e-mail]>
Subject: [External] RE: Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek (DMS# 96582) SAW-2014-
01585; DWR#2014-0869
CAUTION: External email. Do not click links or open attachments unless you verify. Send all suspicious email as an
attachment to Report Spam.<mailto:[e-mail]>

Thanks Paul. I have a couple comments:
1. Comment #9-- Perhaps I missed part of the conversation, but for the portions of UT1C and UT1B that are functioning
as wetlands and may potentially be added for additional wetland credit, are those areas being monitored (other than
visually)? Do you anticipate that those areas will meet the wetland performance standards for hydrology and
vegetation? At the very least we would require a verification of jurisdictional limits for these areas to be appropriate for
wetland credit.
2. Comment #16-- USACE, WRC and DWR are OK with the proposed basswood and black cherry additions to the planting
list. Both species are FACU, which may affect their success given the extent of wetlands on site. The black willow
proposed is ok, but WRC noted that they're not preferred in shady areas.
3. 1 know that on -site we discussed that the repairs would be covered under the original permit, but I was not aware that
the permit expired in 2017 (1 thought it was the current NW27 that expires in 2022). After discussing this with Jeff
Keaton and Erin, we determined that since the repairs are each less than 75 LF in length, the repairs can be done under a
non -notifying NWP-3, which saves time and documentation from obtaining a new permit verification. The short adaptive
management plan you provided with the meeting summary describing the repairs meets the conditions required to
move forward. Please keep in mind that Alleghany County contains trout waters and so a trout moratorium may apply. I
have copied Regional Condition 4.1 regarding notification in trout waters.
4.1 NWP #3 - Maintenance 4.1.1 In designated trout watersheds, a PCN is not required for impacts to a maximum of 75
linear feet (150 linear feet for temporary dewatering) of streams and waterbodies when conducting maintenance
activities. Minor deviations in an existing structure's configuration, temporary structures and temporary fills are
authorized as part of the maintenance activity. In designated trout watersheds, the permittee shall submit a PCN (see
Regional Condition 2.7 and General Condition 32) to the District Engineer prior to commencing the activity if; 1) impacts
(other than temporary dewatering to work in dry conditions) to streams or waterbodies exceed 75 linear feet; 2)
temporary impacts to streams or waterbodies associated with dewatering to work in dry conditions exceeds 150 linear
feet; 3) the project will involve impacts to wetlands; 4) the project involves the replacement of a bridge or spanning
structure with a culvert or nonspanning structure in waters of the United States; or 5) the activity will be constructed
during the trout waters moratorium (October 15 through April 15).
Please reach out if you have any questions.
Thanks
Kim
Kim Browning
Mitigation Project Manager, Regulatory Division I U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
-----Original Message -----
From: Wiesner, Paul <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, July 16, 2021 2:29 PM
To: Haywood, Casey M CIV (USA) <[e-mail]>; Browning, Kimberly D CIV USARMY CESAW
(USA) <[e-mail]>; Davis, Erin B <[e-mail]>; Tugwell, Todd J CIV USARMY
CESAW (USA) <[e-mail]>; Leslie, Andrea J <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tsomides, Harry <[e-mail]>; Kristi Suggs <[e-mail]>; Jordan Hessler
<[e-mail]>; Jeff Keaton <[e-mail]>; Allen, Melonie <[e-mail]>
Subject: [Non-DoD Source] IRT/ DMS/ Wildlands - Vile Creek Mitigation Site Meeting Minutes (6-24-2021): Vile Creek
(DMS# 96582) SAW-2014-01585; DWR#2014-0869
Casey, Erin, Kim, Andrea, and Todd;

Please find Wildlands meeting minutes for the June 24, 2021 site visit attached.
Let us know if you have any additions, questions, comments or concerns.
Wildlands will put the final meeting minutes in the 2021(MY5) report as an Appendix for documentation.
Thanks
Paul Wiesner
Western Regional Supervisor
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
828-273-1673 Mobile
[e-mail]<maiIto: [e-mail]>
Western DMS Field Office
5 Ravenscroft Drive
Suite 102
Asheville, N.C. 28801
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

APPENDIX 7: Adaptive Management Plan

ADAPTIVE
MANAGEMENT PLAN
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Alleghany County, NC
NCDEQ Contract No. 5999
DMS ID No. 96582
New River Basin
HUC 05050001
USACE Action ID No. SAW-2014-01585
DWR No. 14-0869
Submission Date: August 18, 2021
PREPARED FOR:
NC Department of Environmental
Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652

PREPARED FOR:
PREPARED BY:
ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Alleghany County, NC
NCDEQ Contract No. 5999
DMS ID No. 96582
New River Basin
HUC 05050001
USACE Action ID No. SAW-2014-01585
DWR No. 14-0869
rk�
NC Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652
WILDLANDS
ENG—INrcRimrl
Wildlands Engineering, Inc.
312 W Millbrook Road, Suite 225
Raleigh, NC 27609
Phone: [phone]
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DIMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page ii

FABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction.........................................................................................................................1-1
2.0 Monitoring Years 3 and 4 Assessments.................................................................................2-1
2.1 Performance Criteria................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 MY3 and MY4 Assessment Results............................................................................................2-1
2.3 Areas of Concern.......................................................................................................................2-2
3.0 Corrective Measures for Implementation..............................................................................3-1
3.1 Site Assessment.........................................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Replanting..................................................................................................................................3-1
3.3 Stream Repairs...........................................................................................................................3-2
4.0 Proposed Monitoring............................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Vegetative..................................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Stream.......................................................................................................................................4-1
5.0 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................5-1
6.0 References...........................................................................................................................6-1
APPENDICES
Appendix 1
Visual Assessment Data
Figures 1— 3
Adaptive Management Plan
Repairs Photo Log
Appendix 2
Year 3 and 4 Monitoring Data
Table 1
Project Components and Mitigation Credits
Table 2
Vegetation Plot Criteria Attainment
Table 3a
Planted and Total Stem Counts
Table 3b
Planted Herbaceous Cover (Bog Cells)
Table 4
Morphology and Hydraulic Summary (Dimensional Parameters — Cross -sections)
Cross -sections Plots
Appendix 3
Approved Planting Plans
Approved Planting Plan from Vile Creek Mitigation Plan
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DIMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page iii

1.0 Introduction
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands) completed a full -delivery stream and wetland mitigation project
at the Vile Creek Mitigation Site (Site) for the North Carolina Division of Mitigation Services (DIMS) to
restore and enhance a total of 8,056 linear feet (LF) of perennial and intermittent stream and to restore
6.40 acres of riparian wetlands in Alleghany County, NC. The Site is expected to generate 5,053.000
stream mitigation units (SMUs) and 5.703 riparian wetland mitigation units (WMUs) for the New River
Basin (Table 1). The Site is located approximately one mile east of the Town of Sparta, NC in the New
River Basin eight -digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 05050001 and the 14-digit HUC 05050001030020.
On -site streams consist of Vile Creek and five unnamed tributaries (UT) to Vile Creek including UT1,
UT1b, UT1c, UT2, UT3, and a portion of Little River. Vile Creek flows into Little River near the
downstream project boundary. The land adjacent to the project streams and wetlands is primarily
maintained cattle pasture and forest. The land required for construction, management, and
stewardship of the mitigation project included portions of five parcels resulting in 25.04 acres of the
conservation easement.
Construction activities were completed by Land Mechanic Designs, Inc. in February 2017. Planting and
seeding activities were completed by Bruton Natural Systems, Inc. in February 2017. The final Baseline
Monitoring Document was completed in April 2017. The Site is currently in Monitoring Year 5 (MY5).
Overall, the Site is geomorphically stable, and riparian and wetland vegetation are performing well.
Performance criteria for stream hydrology has been met, and all wetland groundwater gauges met their
success criteria during MY4. However, isolated stream and vegetation problems areas do exist on -site.
One of these areas consisting of erosion on the outside meander bend of Vile Creek Reach 2 was
observed during MY1 and discussed during an IRT site walk conducted on July 18, 2017. The remainder
of the stream problem areas have occurred and been documented in subsequent monitoring year
reports (MY2 — MY4) including damage that occurred during a hurricane and a tropical storm in the fall
of 2018 (MY2). In addition, areas of concern related to vegetation performance have been documented.
Three supplemental plantings have already occurred. The first was completed to correct the planting of
trees in shrub zones, which were intended to minimize shade on the bog areas. Trees were removed
from the shrub zones and shrubs were planted to replace them during the winter of 2017. The second
supplemental planting consisted of 300 1-gallon trees and was completed in the spring of 2020 on the
right bank UT1 R2 starting at UT1C and continuing down to Vile Creek Reach 2. Elderberry live stakes
were also planted along the top of bank of UT1 to further shade out the stream. All of the 1-gallon
plantings were considered unsuccessful because the deer population located on -site grazed the newly
planted stems causing a mortality rate of greater than 50% of the supplementally planted stems. A third
supplemental planting was the performed to replace the grazed container plants during the winter of
2021. This planting consisted of 8541-gallon and 3-gallon containerized plants in the same area along
UT1 R2 and tree cones were used to prevent deer browse. When these new trees were planted, a
pepper pellet was also placed beneath the root ball of many of the trees which gives the leaves and
branches a bad taste, also to discourages deer browse.
An IRT site visit was conducted on June 24, 2021. During this site visit, potential repairs were discussed
with the members of the IRT. A determination was made to move forward with on -site repairs including
bank stabilization of four areas, repairs to certain failing structures, reconstruction of a failing angled -log
riffle, and multiple small areas of replanting. These repairs are discussed in Section 3.0 of this
document.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 1-1

2.0 Monitoring Years 3 and 4 Assessments
Annual monitoring and quarterly Site visits have been conducted since project completion to assess the
condition of the project. The stream, vegetation, and hydrologic success criteria for the Site follows the
approved success criteria presented in the Vile Creek Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2016). Stream and
vegetative monitoring features and locations are shown in Figures 1 to 3 in Appendix 1.
2.1 Performance Criteria
2.1.1 Vegetation
The vegetative success criteria for the Site consists of species survival in three designated zones (trees,
shrubs, and bogs) along the open, planted riparian corridor. The vegetative success criteria for tree
species will be the final survival of 210 planted stems per acre at the end of the required seventh
monitoring period, as well as an interim criteria of the survival of at least 320 planted stems per acre at
the end of MY3 and at least 260 stems per acre at the end of MY5. Planted tree height must average 6
feet in height by MY5 and 8 feet in height at the end of the MY7. The vegetative success criteria for
shrub species will be the final survival of 105 planted stems per acre at the end of MY7, of at least 160
planted stems per acre at the end of MY3, and at least 130 stems per acre at the end of MY5. There is
no height requirement for shrub species. The vegetative success criterium for bog areas is at least 80%
herbaceous cover.
2.1.2 Stream
Stream channels should maintain a stable pattern and profile considering the hydrologic and sediment
inputs to the system, the landscape setting, and the watershed conditions. Bank height ratios should
stay below 1.2. Visual assessments should indicate a progression towards stability. Entrenchment ratios
should be >1.4 for restored B channels and >_2.2 for C/E channels. Cross -sections should show little
change in bankfull area and width -to -depth ratio.
2.2 MY3 and MY4 Assessment Results
2.2.1 Vegetation
MY4 (2020) was a reduced monitoring year that does not require detailed vegetation inventory and
analysis; therefore, no vegetation plot monitoring was performed in 2020. Visual assessments were
conducted in MY4 and indicated isolated areas of low stem density and height. Detailed vegetative
inventories were completed in MY3 (September 2019). This resulted in an average planted stem density
of 445 stems per acre for woody tree species, 284 stems per acre for shrubs species, and approximately
99% herbaceous cover in bog areas, which exceed the interim requirement of 320 stems per acre for
trees and the 160 required for shrub species at MY3, as well as the final 80 percent cover for bog areas.
Of the 25 vegetative plots monitored, twelve of the fifteen plots designated for monitoring tree species,
both of the plots designated for monitoring shrub species, and all eight plots designated for monitoring
herbaceous cover in bog areas, individually met the success criteria with a stem density ranging from
364 to 728 stems per acre for trees and 162 to 405 stems per acre for shrubs and a vegetative cover of
95 — 100% for bog areas. Vegetation plots five, nine, and fourteen did not meet stem density
requirements. See Appendix 2 (Tables 2 and 3a-b) for the MY3 vegetation plot monitoring results.
2.2.2 Stream
MY4 was a reduced monitoring year that does not require full morphological surveys; therefore, no
cross -sectional surveys were performed in 2020; however, pebble counts were conducted and found no
significant change in stream bed material throughout the site. Morphological cross -sectional surveys
conducted in MY3 (April 2019) indicated, in general, that streams within the Site appeared stable with
some areas exhibiting minor bank scour. In general, site streams showed little change in the bankfull
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 2-1

area, maximum depth ratio, and width -to -depth ratio, and fell within the parameters defined for
channels of the appropriate stream type (Rosgen, 1994 & 1996).
During MY3, cross -sectional survey results showed a bank height ratio greater than 1.2 for cross-section
(XS) 2 and XS7. XS7 had degraded during MY1, but remained stable in subsequent years. Cross section
two began to degrade in MY1 and continued to degrade through MY3. However, this cross-section is
located in between two logs in a log riffle and is expected to see some deepening of a scour pool in this
location of the riffle.
2.3 Areas of Concern
2.3.1 Vegetation
Invasive species including Japanese barberry (eerberis thunbergii), Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus
orbiculatus), and multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) continue to be present within and around the Site.
Although their presence is not impacting survival rates of planted stems at this time, these areas will
likely continue to warrant additional treatment to prevent any advancement within the conservation
easement and future impacts to the Site.
During MY4 areas of low stem density and height were documented on -site and amounted to 18.2% of
the planted conservation easement. These areas included: A portion of the left floodplain on UT1 Reach
1, an area along the right floodplain of UT1C, which continues downstream to Vile Creek Reach 2 (this
area was replanted a second time during the winter of 2021), and along the left floodplain of UT2 just
below the BMP. During the 2021 IRT site visit, low tree density was also observed along both banks of Vile
Creek Reach 1 and portions of the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3. See figures in Appendix 1 for locations
of low tree density discussed during the 2021 IRT site visit.
2.3.2 Stream
The site has been assessed quarterly since the completion of construction as discussed in Section 2 above.
The following areas are experiencing localized bank instability to varying degrees: Vile Creek Reach 1
station 103+90-104+20 (30 LF), Vile Creek Reach 2 stations 118+50-118+80 (30 LF), 120+50-121+00 (50
LF), 121+00 to 121+25 (25 LF), and 122+20-123+00 (80 LF), UT1 Reach 1 station 206+40-206+60 (20 LF),
UT2 stations 305+00-305+50 (50 LF), 306+30-306+70 (40 LF), and 310+00-310+15 (15 LF). Aggradation
along enhancement II reaches UT1b and UT1c has resulted in the 51 LF and a 115 LF loss of the single -
thread channels, respectively. The stormwater best management practice (BMP) at the top of UT2 has
formed a headcut at the inlet flowing into the BMP. An area of instability along UT1 Reach 1 (Station
205+10-205+60) that was previously mentioned in the MY3 report, naturally realigned itself (21 LF) in
MY4; thereby, abandoning an existing meander bend and creating an ox bow. The newly created channel
appears to be stable but resulted in a loss of 14 LF of stream. Stream structures currently failing include:
rock sill UT1 Reach 2 at station 220+98, log sill Vile Creek Reach 1 station 104+10, j-hook Vile Creek Reach
2 at station 118+80, rock sill Vile Creek Reach 2 at station 123+00. A constructed angled log riffle has
down -cut and has failing log sills on Vile Creek Reach 2 at station 122+25.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 2-2

3.0 Corrective Measures for Implementation
3.1 Site Assessment
As previously mentioned in Section 1.0, an IRT site visit was conducted on June 24, 2021. During this
visit, areas within the project's conservation easement were discussed for stream repair and additional
supplemental planting. Key points discussed during this visit are outlined below and resulted in the
proposed corrective measures for implementation. Supplemental planting and stream repair measures
are discussed in further detailed in Sections 3.2 and 3.3.
• Wildlands to repair the lower end of Vile Creek Reach 2 including bank repairs and
repair/replace log sills and a boulder sill.
• Wildlands to install container sized plants and live stakes within the bare spots along Vile Creek
Reach 1 to provide shade for cold water stream habitat.
• Wildlands will not remove and/or repair aggradation areas along UT1b and UT1c.
• Wildlands will continue to treat invasives on the project site including multiflora rose, Chinese
privet, and Japanese barberry, as needed.
• Since cattails are not negatively affecting the performance of the stormwater BMP at the top of
UT2, Wildlands is not planning to treat them at this time.
• Wildlands will add rock to stabilize the headcut at the inlet to the stormwater BMP.
• Wildlands to stabilize the erosion and replant the overflow channel on Vile Creek Reach 3.
• Wildlands will perform supplemental planting along the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3 during
the next dormant season.
3.2 Replanting
3.2.1 Areas to Be Replanted
A fourth replanting will be completed on a portion of the site during the upcoming dormant season
(winter 2022). This planting will focus on the areas discussed at the recent IRT site visit and will include:
Vile Creek Reach 1
• Replant with containerized trees within the riparian planting zone (extending 15 feet from top of
bank) along both banks of the stream along the entire reach.
• Install additional live stakes to streambanks to help with shading the stream.
Vile Creek Reach 3
• Replant with containerized trees along the left bank of the stream from approximately station
125+00 to 126+00 and 127+00 to 128+25.
• Install additional live stakes on left bank of the secondary high -flow channel on Vile Creek Reach
3 from approximately station 124+80 to 125+60.
See Section 3.2.2 and 3.2.3 below for the list of the proposed planted tree and live stake species.
3.2.2 Container Plantings
Approximately 200 containerized trees will be replanted during the next dormant season (winter 2022)
along both banks of Vile Creek Reach 1 and a small area on the left bank of Vile Creek Reach 3 as shown
on the figures in Appendix 1. The total area of the replanting will be approximately 1 acre. The trees
will be a combination of one -gallon and three -gallon containers, depending on the availability of stock.
The species for replanting were selected based on recent experience with planting similar sites and are
listed below. Many of these species were not in the approved Final Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2016)
and these species are noted below with an asterisk. The proposed trees to plant include:
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 3-1

• Box elder (Acer negundo)* - FAC — 10%
• American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) — FACW — 15%
• River birch (Betula nigra) — FACW — 15%
• Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) — FAC — 15%
• Red oak (Quercus rubra)* - FACU — 15%
• White oak (Quercus alba)* - FACU — 15%
• Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica)* - FAC — 15%
Potential alternate species will be used if any of the above are not available and include:
• Black cherry (Prunus serotina)* - FACU
• Tag alder (Alnus serrulata) - OBL
• Yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava)* - FACU
See Appendix 3 for the approved planting list from the Final Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2019).
3.2.3 Live Stakes
Live stake plantings will also be conducted during the winter of 2022. The additional live stakes will be
placed primarily in areas where repairs are being done. Live stakes will consist of a mix of black willow
(Salix nigra), silky willow (Salixsericea), and silky dogwood (Cornus amomum). Both silky willow and silky
dogwood were included in the approved Final Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2019); however, black willow
was not. Wildlands believes that adding black willow as an additional species to the live stake planting
list will aid stream bank stabilization with their ability to become quickly established and will further
increase species diversity.
See Appendix 3 for the approved planting list from the Final Mitigation Plan (Wildlands, 2019).
3.2.4 Soil Amendments
Soil amendments will also be applied to the newly planted areas at a rate of approximately 3 ounces to
the base of each planted tree. Soil amendments will include humic acid, biochar, dried molasses, slow -
release fertilizer (2-4-3), rock phosphate, and azomite (a trace mineral supplement). Beyond boosting
macro- and micronutrients in the soil, the addition of these amendments will improve other soil
properties including cation exchange capacity, pH, and microbial communities. Expected improvements
include greater moisture -holding capacity, organic matter, and nutrient availability for plants.
3.3 Stream Repairs
3.3.1 Areas to be Repaired
The following areas will be repaired as described:
Vile Creek Reach 2
• Repair eroding right stream bank from station 118+50 to 118+80.
• Repair existing J-Hook at station 118+80.
• Repair eroding right stream bank from station 120+70 to 121+00.
• Repair eroding left stream bank from station 121+00 to 121+25.
• Repair eroding right stream banks from station 122+20-123+00.
• Rebuild log riffle from station 122+20 to 123+00.
• Repair rock sill at station 123+00.
Vile Creek Reach 3
Repair eroding left bank of overflow channel from station 125+00 to 125+60 and replant with
bare roots.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 3-2

Pre -repair photos of the locations described above are included in Appendix 1. All completed repairs
listed above will be documented in the MY5 report. Most other areas of concern listed in Sections 2.3.2
are minor and will continue to be monitored by Wildlands and discussed in upcoming monitoring
reports for monitoring years 5 through 7. According to IRT members, the aggradation of UT1b and UT1c
may result in the change of credit type from stream to linear wetland. Wildlands will coordinate with
the IRT and DIMS prior to closeout to determine the mitigation approach, credit ratios, and acreage of
these wetlands so that the appropriate amount of wetland credit can be added to the site and the
necessary amount of stream credit can be removed.
3.3.2 Description of Repairs
The repairs will be conducted with a small excavator during late summer or early fall of 2021. All of the
areas to be repaired are located on the lower half of Vile Creek Reach 2 and access will be limited to one
route in and out of that location. All of the bank repairs will consist of building geolifts to stabilize the
eroding areas. Live stakes will be installed during the winter of 2022 to add stability to the geolifts. The
log riffle to be repaired will be rebuilt to the original design elevation and all of the angled logs will be
replaced and keyed into the bank sufficiently to remain stable. The rock sill and j-hook will be repaired
by replacing the rocks that washed out and keying them into the bank sufficiently so that they remain
stable.
3.3.3 Permitting
Wildlands discussed permitting requirements with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the NC
Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). The project's 401 and 404 permits expired in 2017. However,
the USACE indicated that the work would be covered under a non -reporting NW3 and GC4132 because
these permits allow for maintenance work on previously authorized modifications, as outlined in
paragraph (a) of the NW3. Because the repair work is located within the project's previously permitted
stream restoration construction area and with proposed in -stream structures and bank stabilizations
consistent with the original restoration design, DWR considers the proposed work to be temporary
impacts not requiring written 401 approval. Therefore, for these repairs, no additional 401 or 404
notifications are required. The project repairs will comply with trout moratorium rules. Any other
necessary permits will be obtained. A land disturbance permit should not be necessary because less
than 1 acre will be disturbed.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 3-3

4.0 Proposed Monitoring
4.1 Vegetative
Wildlands will continue to monitor Site vegetation as previously planned. If the monitoring requirements
are not met during MY7 in any of the planted areas, including ones with supplemental planting,
Wildlands proposes to add another year of vegetation monitoring for those areas. Vegetation
monitoring will continue until success criteria are met. We will include two transects in the
supplemental planting area that was recently planted in March of 2021 to monitor success for MY5, and
MY6, and MY7. Full vegetation monitoring at the site will be conducted in MY6. MY6 is a reduced
monitoring year and does not typically include vegetation monitoring.
4.2 Stream
Wildlands will continue to monitor the stream as previously planned. However, the portions of UT1C
and UT1B that are functioning as wetlands will be tracked in linear footage to determine if the aggraded
areas are increasing or decreasing in length. An additional photo point will be added on each of these
two reaches and on UT1 Reach 1 at station 205+10-205+60 where the stream realigned itself and
formed an oxbow where the channel used to be. In addition, a photo point will be added at each of the
seven stream repair areas. This data will be added to the MY5, MY6, and MY7 reports. If other areas of
concern begin to threaten the stability of the project, then remedial actions will be implemented and
documented for all future reports.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 4-1

5.0 Conclusion
In summary, Wildlands proposes to repair damage that has occurred since construction was completed
in 2017 to the lower part of Vile Creek Reach 2 during the late summer of 2021. Additional replanting
will be done during the following dormant season (Winter 2022). Soil amendments will be placed
around each supplementally planted bare root to aid in growth and establishment. Stability of repair
areas and growth and health of supplementally planted areas will be reevaluated in the Monitoring Year
5 to 7 reports along with pictures of the addressed areas.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 5-1

6.0 References
Wildlands Engineering, Inc. (Wildlands), 2021. Vile Creek Meeting Notes — IRT Site Walk on June 24tn
2021. Sparta, NC.
Wildlands, 2020. Vile Mitigation Site Monitoring Year 4 Annual Report. DIMS, Raleigh, NC.
Wildlands, 2019. Vile Mitigation Site Monitoring Year 3 Annual Report. DIMS, Raleigh, NC.
Wildlands, 2016. Vile Creek Mitigation Site Mitigation Plan. DIMS, Raleigh, NC.
Vile Creek Mitigation Site DMS ID#: 96582
Adaptive Management Plan August 2021 Page 6-1

APPENDIX 1

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Vile Creek
Repairs Photo Log

Vile Creek R2: STA 118+50 - 118+80 - Right Bank Erosion 3-17-2021 1 Vile Creek R2: STA 118+80 —J-Hook structure failure 3-17-2021 1
Vile Creek R2: STA 120+70 - 121+00 — Right Bank Erosion. 3-17-2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 122+20 - 123+00 —Angled Log Riffle Failure. 7-01-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Adaptive Management Plan — 2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 122+20 - 123+00 — Right Bank Erosion
3-17-2021
Vile Creek R2: STA 122+20-123+00 — Left Bank Erosion 3-17-2021

Vile Creek R2: STA 123+00 — Rock Sill Failure 3-17-2021 1 Vile Creek R2: STA 121+00 - 121+25 - Left Bank Erosion 5-23-2021 1
Vile Creek R3: STA 125+00 - 125+60 - Secondary Channel Erosion
3-17-2021
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
Adaptive Management Plan — 2021

APPENDIX 2

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Table 2. Vegetation Plot Criteria Attainment
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DIMS Project No.96582
Monitoring Year 3 - 2019
Plot
MY3 Success Criteria Met
(Y/N)
Tract Mean
1
Y
82%
2
Y
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Y
4
Y
5
N
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Y
7
Y
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N
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Table 3b. Planted Herbaceous Cover (Bog Cells)
Vile Creek Mitigation Site
DMS Project No. 96582
Monitoring Year 3 - 2019
Plot ID
Base
MY1
Percent
MY2
Cover
MY3
%
MY4
MY5
MY6
MY7
1
<5
30
65
100
2
10
75
100
100
3
<5
75
95
95
4
<5
90
100
100
5
<5
80
90
100
6
<5
85
95
100
7
<5
100
100
100
8
50
95
100
100

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APPENDIX 3

Approved Planting Plan from Vile Creek Mitigation Plan
Riparian Planting Zone Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Min. Caliper
Percentage
Alnus serrulata
Tag Alder
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
10%
Carpinus caroliniana
American Hornbeam
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
10%
Liriodendron tulipifera
Tulip Poplar
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
15%
Platanus occidentalis
Sycamore
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
15%
Betula nigra
River Birch
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
15%
Quercus pagoda
Cherrybark Oak
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
15%
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Green Ash
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
10%
Diospyros virginiana
Persimmon
12ft x 6ft
0.25"
10%
Understory Planting Zone Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Min. Caliper
Percentage
Carpinus caroliniana
American Hornbeam
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
25%
Aronia arbutifolia
Red Chokeberry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
25%
Ilex verticillata
Winter Berry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
25%
Lindera benzoin
Spicebush
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
25%
Wetland Shrub Planting Zone Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Min. Caliper
Percentage
Aronia arbutifolia
Red Chokeberry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Cornus amomum
Silky Dogwood
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Ilex verticillata
Winter Berry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Lindera benzoin
Spicebush
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Sambucus nigra
Elderberry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
10%
Vaccinium corymbosum
Highbush Blueberry
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Cephalanthus occidentalis L.
Common Buttonbush
12ft x 12ft
0.25"
15%
Herbaceous Planting Zone Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Percentage
Juncus effusus
Common Rush
8 ft
15%
Carex alata
Broadwing Sedge
8 ft
15%
Carex lurida
Shallow Sedge
8 ft
15%
Carex crinita
Fringed Sedge
8 ft
15%
Scirpus cyperinus
Woolgrass
8 ft
20%
Sagittaria latifolia
Broadleaf Arrowhead
8 ft
20%
Table 14e. Streambank Planting Zone Livestakes Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Min. Caliper
Percentage
Cornus amomum flivestake)
Silky Dogwood
3-5 ft
0.5"
20%
Cephalanthus occidentalis L.
Common Buttonbush
3-5 ft
0.5"
20%

Salixsericea (Iivestake)
Silky Willow
3-5 ft
0.5"
20%
Physocarpos opulifolius
Ninebark
3-5 ft
0.5"
20%
Alnus serrulata
Tag Alder
3-5 ft
0.5"
20%
Streambank Planting Zone Herbaceous Plugs Plant List
Species
Common Name
Spacing
Percentage
Juncus effusus
Common Rush
4 ft
40%
Carex alata
Broadwing Sedge
4 ft
40%
Panicum virgatum
Switchgrass
4 ft
20%
Permanent Seed Mix
Approved Date
Species Name
Common Name
Stratum
Density (lbs/acre)
All Year
Schizachyrium scoparium
Little Bluestem
Herb
3.0
All Year
Panicum virgatum
Swithgrass
Herb
3.0
All Year
Rudbeckia hirta
Blackeyed Susan
Herb
3.0
All Year
Carex vulpinoidea
Fox Sedge
Herb
3.0
All Year
Panicum clandestinum
Deertongue
Herb
3.0
All Year
Elymus virginicus
Virginia Wild Rye
Herb
3.0
All Year
Asclepias syrica
Common Milkweed
Herb
0.8
All Year
Lobelia cardinalis L.
Cardinal Flower
Herb
0.2
All Year
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Boneset
Herb
1.0