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Home My WebLink About20140131 Ver 1_Application_20140207- �..° STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARINENT OF' TRANSPORTATION PATRICK L. MCCRORY GOVERNOR February 5, 2014 Mr. Robert Ridings NC Division of Water Quality Transportation Permitting Unit 1650 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27609 Mr. Tom Steffens USACE Washington Field Office 2407 W 5a' St. Washington, NC 27889 V ' "��e'3,TFY ®�j��t�K ANTHONY J.TATA SECRETARY @140131 SUBJECT: NWP 3 Request for Johnston 236 (SR 1934) Bridge over Little River in Johnston County (17BPA.R.53) Dear Sirs: The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes replacement of a structurally deficient bridge over Little River on SR 1934 in Johnston County. The existing structure is a 4 span bridge that is 160' in length and 24' wide. The proposed replacement will be a 3 span structure that is 200' in length and 36' in width that will completely span the river with no in -water bents. The proposed bridge replacement will span the Little River, a waterbody with known occurrences of two Federally Endangered mussel species. Prior to the submittal of this permit application the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) was asked to review this project. A full Section 7 Consultation was required including.a mussel survey conducted by The Catena Group. During their survey of the "action area" no evidence indicating the presence of either Dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) or Tar River spinymussel (Elliptio steintstansana) was found by the survey team. Due to the fact that suitable habitat exists around the project area for both species and occurrences of both species have been found in relative proximity to the project area the USFWS issued a finding of "May Affect Likely to Adversely Affect." Along with this finding the USFWS issued a Biological Opinion (BO) on this project and a set of guidelines to be implemented during the construction phase of the project. A copy of the BO accompanies this permit application. The construction of this project will result in temporary impacts to10 linear feet of stream and permanent impacts to another 44 linear feet of stream. Wetland impacts associated with this project include approximately .01 acre each of mechanized clearing and permanent fill. An additional .03 acre of hand clearing is proposed to extend beyond those impacts to the NCDOT right of way. We also propose 4,640 square feet of buffer impacts in Buffer Zone 1 and 2,912 square feet in Zone 2. NCDOT anticipates that this project will be authorized under a NWP 3. This application is also intended as a request for written authorization from the NC Division of Water Quality to proceed with a pipe replacement under General Water Quality Certificate # 3704. For our files, please provide written notice that this activity is authorized. If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact Chad Coggins, Division Environmental Officer at (252) 296 -3532. Your time and assistance are greatly appreciated. Respectfully yours, T.M. Li e, �PE Division Engineer P 'C Office Use Only: Corps action ID no. DWQ project no. Form Version 1.3 Dec 10 2008 Pre - Construction Notification C Form A. Applicant Information 1. Processing 1 a. Type(s) of approval sought from the Corps: ®Section 404 Permit E] Section 10 Permit 1b. Specify Nationwide Permit (NWP) number. 3 or General Permit (GP) number. 1c. Has the NWP or GP number been verified by the Corps? ® Yes ❑ No 1 d. Type(s) of approval sought from the DWQ (check all that apply): ® 401 Water Quality Certification — Regular ❑ Non -404 Jurisdictional General Permit ❑ 401 Water Quality Certification — Express ® Riparian Buffer Authorization le. Is this notification solely for the record because written approval is not required? For the record only for DWQ 401 Certification: ❑ Yes ® No - For the record only for Corps Permit: ❑ Yes ® No 1f. Is payment into a mitigation bank or in -lieu fee program proposed for mitigation of impacts? If so, attach the acceptance letter from mitigation bank or in -lieu fee program. ❑ Yes ® No 1g. Is the project located in any of NC's twenty coastal counties. If yes, answer 1 h below. ❑ Yes ® No 1 h. Is the project located within a NC DCM Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)? ❑ Yes ® No 2. Project Information 2a. Name of project: Bridge 236 on SR 1934 2b. County: Johnston 2c. Nearest municipality / town: Kenly 2d. Subdivision name: N/A 2e. NCDOT only, T.I.P. or state project no: 17BPA.R.53 3. Owner Information 3a_ Name(s) on Recorded Deed: N/A 3b. Deed Book and Page No. N/A 3c. Responsible Party (for LLC if applicable): N/A 3d. Street address: N/A 3e. City, state, zip: NIA 3f. Telephone no.: N/A 3g. Fax no.: N/A 3h. Email address: NIA Page 1 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 4. Applicant Information (if different from owner) 4a. Applicant is: ❑ Agent ® Other, specify: NCDOT 4b. Name: T.M. Little, P.E. Division Engineer 4c. Business name (if applicable): NCDOT Division 4 4d. Street address: 509 Ward Blvd 4e. City, state, zip: Wilson, NC 27895 4f. Telephone no.: (252)237 -6164 4g. Fax no.: (252)234 -6174 4h. Email address: regreen @ncdot.gov S. Agent/Consultant Information (if applicable) 5a. Name: N/A 5b. Business name (if applicable): N/A 5c. Street address: N/A 5d. City, state, zip: N/A 5e. Telephone no.: N/A 5f. Fax no.: N/A 5g. Email address: N/A Page 2 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version B. Project Information and Prior Project History 1. Property Identification 1a. Property identification no. (tax PIN or parcel ID): NIA 1 b. Site coordinates (in decimal degrees): Latitude: 35.5884 Longitude: - 78.1 896 (DD.DDDDDD) (- DD.DDDDDD) 1c. Property size: N/A acres 2. Surface Waters 2a. Name of nearest body of water (stream, river, etc.) to Little River proposed project: 2b. Water Quality Classification of nearest receiving water: WS 4 /NSW 2c. River basin: Neuse 3. Project Description 3a. Describe the existing conditions on the site and the general land use in the vicinity of the project at the time of this application: Forestry and Agriculture are the predominant land uses in the vicinity of this project. 3b. List the total estimated acreage of all existing wetlands on the property: N/A 3c. List the total estimated linear feet of all existing streams (intermittent and perennial) on the property: Approximately 55 Linear Feet 3d. Explain the purpose of the proposed project: The purpose of this project is to replace a structurally deficient 4 span bridge spanning the Little River on SR 1934 in Johnston County. 3e. Describe the overall project in detail, including the 'type of equipment to be used: The existing four span bridge is structurally deficient and in need of replacement. DOT proposes to remove the existing (4) span bridge ( +/- 160'L x 27'W) and replace it with a (3) span 200'x 36' bridge with no in -water bents. This will create a larger hydraulic opening and minimize impacts on the aquatic environment. Standard roadbuilding equipment will be used throughout the project. After saw cutting bridge sections cranes will be used to lift the old bridge deck out and put the new one in place. Excavators will be used to open up the floodplain and widen the approaches, and asphalt paving equipment will complete the tie-in and overlay upon completion of bridge construction. 4. Jurisdictional Determinations 4a. Have jurisdictional wetland or stream determinations by the Corps or State been requested or obtained for this property / F-1 Yes ® No ❑ Unknown project (including all prior phases) in the past. Comments: 4b. If the Corps made the jurisdictional determination, what type F-1 preliminary ❑ Final of determination was made? 4c. If yes, who delineated the jurisdictional areas? Agency /Consultant Company: NCDOT Environmental Name (if known): Byron Bateman /Chad Coggins Other: 4d. If yes, list the dates of the Corps jurisdictional determinations or State determinations and attach documentation. 5. Project History 5a. Have permits or certifications been requested or obtained for Yes ® No ❑ Unknown this project (including all prior phases) in the past? 5b. If yes, explain in detail according to "help file" instructions. Page 3 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 6. Future Project Plans 6a. Is this a phased project? ❑ Yes ® No 6b. if yes, explain. Page 4 of 11 PCN Form —Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version C. Proposed Impacts Inventory 1. Impacts Summary 1 a. Which sections were completed below for your project (check all that apply): ® Wetlands ❑ Streams - tributaries ® Buffers ❑ Open Waters ❑ Pond Construction 2. Wetland Impacts If there are wetland impacts proposed on the site, then complete this question for each wetland area impacted. 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 2e. 2f. Wetland impact Type of jurisdiction number — Type of impact Type of wetland Forested (Corps - 404, 10 Area of impact Permanent (P) or (if known) DWQ — non -404, other) (acres) Temporary W1 ®P ❑ T Fill Bottomland ® Yes ® Corps Hardwood ❑ No ❑ DWQ .01 W2 ®P ❑ T Mechanized Bottomland ® Yes ® Corps Clearing Hardwood ❑ No ❑ DWQ .01 W3 ❑ P ®T Hand Clearing Bottomland Hardwood ❑ Yes ❑ No ® Corps ❑ DWQ 03 W4 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ Yes ❑ Corps ❑ No ❑ DWQ W5 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ Yes ❑ Corps ❑ No ❑ DWQ W6 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ Yes ❑ Corps ❑ No ❑ DWQ 2g. Total wetland impacts .05 2h. Comments: 3. Stream Impacts If there are perennial or intermittent stream impacts (including temporary impacts) proposed on the site, then complete this question for all stream sites impacted. 3a. 3b. 3c. 3d. 3e. 3f. 3g• Stream impact Type of impact Stream name Perennial Type of jurisdiction Average Impact number - (PER) or (Corps - 404, 10 stream length Permanent (P) or intermittent DWQ — non -104, width (linear Temporary m (INT)? other) (feet) feet) S1 ®P [__1 T Streambank Stabilization Little River ❑ PER E] INT ® Corps ® DWQ 60 44 S2 ❑ P ® T Dewatering Little River ® PER ❑ INT ® Corps ® DWQ 60 10 ❑ PER ❑ Corps S3 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ INT ❑ DWQ ❑ PER ❑ Corps -S4 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ INT ❑ DWQ ❑ PER ❑ Corps S5 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ INT ❑ DWQ ❑ PER ❑ Corps S6 ❑ P ❑ T ❑ INT ❑ DWQ 3h. Total stream and tributary impacts 54 3i. Comments: Page 5 of 11 PCN Form —Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 4. Open Water Impacts If there are proposed impacts to lakes, ponds, estuaries, tributaries, sounds, the Atlantic Ocean, or any other open water of the U.S. then individually list all open water impacts below. 4a. 4b. 4c. 4d. 4e. Open water Name of waterbody impact number – (if applicable) Type of impact Waterbody type Area of impact (acres) Permanent (P) or Temporary 01 ❑P ❑T 02 ❑P ❑T 03 ❑P ❑T 04 ❑P ❑T 4f. Total open water impacts 4g. Comments: There are no open water impacts associated with this project. S. Pond or Lake Construction If Pond or lake construction proposed, then complete the chart below. 5a. 5b. 5c. 5d. 5e. Wetland Impacts (acres) Stream Impacts (feet) Upland Pond ID Proposed use or purpose I (acres) Flooded Filled Excavated Flooded Filled Excavated Flooded number of pond P1 P2 5f. Total 5g. Comments: No ponds or lakes will be created as a result of this project. 5h. Is a dam high hazard permit required? ❑ Yes ❑ No If yes, permit ID no: 5i. Expected pond surface area (acres): 5j. Size of pond watershed (acres): 5k. Method of construction. 6. Buffer Impacts (for DWO) If project will impact a protected riparian buffer, then complete the chart below. If yes, then individually list all buffer impacts below. If any impacts require mitigation, then you MUST fill out Section D of this form. 6a. ® Neuse ❑ Tar - Pamlico ❑ Other. Project is in which protected basin? ❑ Catawba ❑ Randleman 6b. 6c. 6d. 5e. 6f. 6g. Buffer impact number– Reason Buffer Zone 1 impact Zone 2 impact Permanent (P) or for Stream name mitigation (square feet) (square feet) impact required? —Temporary 61 ®P ❑ T Fill Little River ❑ Yes ❑ No 4640 2912 ❑ Yes B2 ❑P ❑T ❑No ❑ Yes B3 ❑P ❑T ❑No 6h. Total buffer impacts 4640 2912 6i. Comments: Page 6 of 11 PCN Form –Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version D. Impact Justification and Mitigation 1. Avoidance and Minimization 1 a. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts in designing project. Full consideration was given to the fact that this project has the potential to adversely affect 2 different species of Federally Listed Endangered mussels. Because of this NCDOT has designed, and will implement, this project in accordance with the Reasonable and Prudent Measures, Terms, and Conditions as requested by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. For further details regarding this list of directives please refer to the attached Biological Opinion furnished by USFWS. 1 b. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts through construction techniques. This project will be constructed in a manner that utilizes the existing fill section to the maximum practical extent and minimizes the amount of additional fill material beyond the toe of the existing slope. NCDOT Best Management Practices, including Design for Sensitive Watersheds will be strictly adhered to throughout the construction of this project. 2. Compensatory Mitigation for Impacts to Maters of the U.S. or Waters of the State 2a. Does the project require Compensatory Mitigation for impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State? ❑ Yes ® No 2b. If yes, mitigation is required by (check all that apply): ❑ DWQ ❑ Corps 2c. If yes, which mitigation option will be used for this project? ❑ Mitigation bank El P ayment to in -lieu fee program ❑ Permittee Responsible Mitigation 3. Complete if Using a Mitigation Bank 3a. Name of Mitigation Bank: 3b. Credits Purchased (attach receipt and letter) Type Quantity 3c. Comments: 4. Complete if Making a Payment to In -lieu Fee Program 4a. Approval letter from in -lieu fee program is attached. ❑ Yes 4b. Stream mitigation requested: linear feet 4c. If using stream mitigation, stream temperature: ❑ warm ❑ cool ❑cold 4d. Buffer mitigation requested (DWQ only): square feet 4e. Riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres 4f. Non - riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres 4g. Coastal (tidal) wetland mitigation requested: acres 4h. Comments: 5. , Complete if Using a Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan 5a. If using a permittee responsible mitigation plan, provide a description of the proposed mitigation plan. Page 7 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 6. Buffer Mitigation (State Regulated Riparian Buffer Rules) —required by DWO 6a. Will the project result in an impact within a protected riparian buffer that requires buffer mitigation? ❑ Yes ❑ No 6b. If yes, then identify the square feet of impact to each zone of the riparian buffer that requires mitigation. Calculate the amount of mitigation required. Zone 6c. Reason for impact 6d. Total impact (square feet) Multiplier 6e. Required mitigation (square feet) Zone 1 3 (2 for Catawba) Zone 2 1.6 6f. Total buffer mitigation required: 6g. If buffer mitigation is required, discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (e.g., payment to private mitigation bank, permittee responsible riparian buffer restoration, payment into an approved in -lieu fee fund). 6h. Comments: Impacts associated with this project remain below the threshold for buffer mitigation. Page 8 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version E. Stormwater Management and Diffuse Flow Plan (required by DWQ) 1. Diffuse Flow Plan 1 a. Does the project include or is it adjacent to protected riparian buffers identified ® Yes ❑ No within one of the NC Riparian Buffer Protection Rules? 1 b. If yes, then is a diffuse flow plan included? If no, explain why. ® Yes ❑ No Comments: Refer to attached permit drawings. 2. Stormwater Management Plan 2a. What is the overall percent imperviousness of this project? % 2b. Does this project require a Stormwater Management Plan? ❑ Yes ® No 2c. If this project DOES NOT require a Stormwater Management Plan, explain why: This is a linear project with minimal increase in impervious surface. Refer to attached permit drawings for details. 2d. If this project DOES require a Stormwater Management Plan, then provide a brief, narrative description of the plan: See attached drawings. ❑ Certified Local Government 2e. Who will be responsible for the review of the Stormwater Management Plan? ❑ DWQ Stormwater Program ® DWQ 401 Unit 3. Certified Local Government Stormwater Review 3a. In which local government's jurisdiction is this project? NIA ❑ Phase II ❑ NSW 3b. Which of the following locally - implemented stormwater management programs ❑ USMP apply (check all that apply): ❑ Water Supply Watershed ® Other. N/A 3c. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been ❑ Yes ❑ No attached? 4. DWQ Stormwater Program Review ❑ Coastal counties ❑ HQW 4a. Which of the following state - implemented stormwater management programs apply ❑ ORW (check all that apply): ❑ Session Law 2006 -246 ® Other: NIA 4b. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been Yes El No attached? 5. DWQ 401 Unit Stormwater Review 5a. Does the Stormwater Management Plan meet the appropriate requirements? ❑ Yes ❑ No [5b. Have all of the 401 Unit submittal requirements been met? ❑ Yes ❑ No Page 9 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version F. Supplementary Information 1. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Requirement) la. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal /state /local) funds or the ® Yes ❑ No use of public (federallstate) land? 1 b. If you answered "yes" to the above, does the project require preparation of an Yes ® No environmental document pursuant to the requirements of the National or State ❑ (North Carolina) Environmental Policy Act (NEPA /SEPA)? 1c. If you answered "yes" to the above, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearing House? (if so, attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval ❑ Yes E] No letter.) Comments: 2. Violations (DWQ Requirement) 2a. Is the site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500), Isolated Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .1300), DWQ Surface Water or Wetland Standards, ❑ Yes ® No or Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC 213 .0200)? 2b. Is this an after- the -fact permit application? ❑ Yes ® No 2c. If you answered 'yes" to one or both of the above questions, provide an explanation of the violation(s): 3. Cumulative Impacts (DWQ Requirement) . 3a. Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in ❑ Yes ® No additional development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality? 3b. If you answered "yes" to the above, submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with the most recent DWQ policy. If you answered "no,' provide a short narrative description. 4. Sewage Disposal (DWO Requirement) 4a. Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non - discharge or discharge) of wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility. This project will not generate any sewage or wastewater. Page 10 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version S. Endangered Species and Designated Critical Habitat (Corps Requirement) 5a. Will this project occur in or near an area with federally protected species or ® Yes ❑ No habitat? 5b. Have you checked with the USFWS concerning Endangered Species Act ® Yes ❑ No impacts? ® Raleigh 5c. If yes, indicate the USFWS Field Office you have contacted. ❑ Asheville 5d. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Endangered Species or Designated Critical Habitat? Due to the proximity of this project to habitat for two separate Federally listed mussel species, Dwarf wedgemussel and Tar Spinymussel, a Section 7 Consultation was required. The results are presented in the attached Biological Opinion fumished by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. It is the opinion of the USFWS that this project May Affect and is Likely to Adversely Affect (MALAA) both species. 6. Essential Fish Habitat (Corps Requirement) 6a. Will this project occur in or near an area designated as essential fish habitat? ❑ Yes ® No 6b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Essential Fish Habitat? NCDOT GIS search 7. Historic or Prehistoric Cultural Resources (Corps Requirement) 7a. Will this project occur in or near an area that the state, federal or tribal governments have designated as having historic or cultural preservation ❑ Yes ® No status (e.g., National Historic Trust designation or properties significant in North Carolina history and archaeology)? 7b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact historic or archeological resources? This project was submitted to SHPO and determined not to have any adverse affects to cultural or historic resources. 8. Flood Zone Designation (Corps Requirement) 8a. Will this project occur in a FEMA- designated 100 -year floodplain? ®Yes ❑ No 8b. If yes, explain how project meets FEMA requirements: This project falls under Memorandum of agreement with FEMA. 8c. What source(s) did you use to make the floodplain determination? NCDOT Hydraulic Unit l Applicant/Agent's Printed Name Date Aval ld a Agent's Signature (Agents signature is valid ly if an authotion letter from the applicant is provided.) Page 11 of 11 PCN Form — Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version Tofiry�. United States Department of the :interior w'yam 4 � ` s FISH AND W11,F)LIFF SERVICE S b Kulclolt Ficl <I Office Post Post Office lox 33726, CH Rideigh, North Carolina x.7636 =37.26 January 22, 2014 William J. Biddlecome U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2407 W 5t" Street Washington, NC 27889 Dear Mr. Biddlecorne: This document transmits the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (Service) Biological Opinion based on our review of tlic proposed replacement of Bridge No. 236 over Little River on SR 1934, located in Johnston County, North Carolina, and its effects on the federally endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasini(lonta heterodon, DWlvl) and Tar River spinymussel (Elliptio steinstansana, TRSM) in accordance with Section 7 of the Endangered Species.Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended (16 LJ.S.C. 1531-154' )). Your January 8, -2014 request for formal consultation was received on January 9, 20.14. If you have any questions concerning this Biological Opinion, please contact Mr. Gary Jordan at (919) 856 -4520 (Ext. 32). ,� i ncerely, fete Be JAmin Field Supervisor electronic copy: Tom Steffens, USACE, Washington, NC Chad Coggins, NCDo'r, Wilson, NC Mike Sanderson, NCDOT, Raleigh, NC Travis Wilson, NCWRC, Creedmoor, NC Rob Ridings, NCDWQ, Raleigli, NC .Terry Ziewitz, USFWS, Tallahassee, FL Brett Hillman, USFWS, Concord, NH Suah McRae, USFWS, Raleigh,NC This Biological Opinion (BO) is based on information provided in the' Biological Assessment (BA) provided by the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) dated July 2013, telephone conversations, ernails, field investigations and other sources of published and unpublished information. A complete administrative record of this'consultation is on file at this office. CONSULTATION HISTORY October 13, 2011 — Service staff attends field meeting with NCDOT and other agencies to discuss project and providerearly coordination comments. December 19,2011 — Service staf ineets with NC'I)O'r and North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission to discuss conservation measures for project. January 23, 2012 — Service stall rneets.with NCDOT and consultant to discuss information needs for Section 7 consultation. March 12, 2013:— Service provides additional comments on project-design May 9 and 14, 2013 -. Service provides comments on a draft BA. January 9;, 2014 —The Service receives a letter from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE) dated January 8, -2014, with the attached final BA, requesting formal Section 7 consultation on the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 236 over Little River. BIOLOGICAL OPINION - -- I. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED AC'T'ION The Bridge No. 236 project is located at the SR 1934 (Old Beulah Road) crossing of Little River in Johnston County, North Carolina, approximately three miles west of Kenly. The existing four -span, 160 feet long; and 24 fcct wide bridge will be replaced with a three -span, approximately 202 feet long and 34 feet wide bridge. The new bridge will be placed iri the same 'horizontal alignment and at approximately the same elevation. The new bridge wifl completely span the channel of Little River. Approximately 322 cubic yards of existing approach fill will be removed from.the floodplain. Reconstruction ol'the approach road will extend approximately' 200 feet south of the new bridge and 200 feet north of the new bridge. Traffic will be detoured onto,other roads during construction. Removal of the bridge will begin by saw cutting the deck and edge railing for removal' in sections and lifting off the deck. Following deck removal, the girders will be rigged and lifted for removal: The interior bents in the water will be removed by either wire saw cutting or pulling'the steins over. In either case, the stems will be removed from the streambed. Turbidity curtains will.be placed around the bent structures during removal. The end bents and interior 2 bent on dry land will be demolished in place by using hydraulic hammers on excavators to an . elevation of two feet below existing grade. Efforts will be made to prevent debris from entering the river. Best Management Practices will be followed throughout the demolition, process. During construction of the new bridge, a temporary work bridge will be utilized. 'The work bridge will consist of 20 piles which will impact 26 square feet of river bottom. Bank stabilization associated with the temporary work bridge will impact 40 feet of river for approximately three months. The bridge replacement will require the electric power poles on the east side of the bridge to be relocated farther away from the bridge and stream. An existing eight inch waterline on'the west side of the - bridge win I be bored under the stream. Action Area The action area is defined as the Bridge No. 236 project right -of -way, beginning 200 feet south of the bridge and extending 200 fect.north of the bridge, plus Little River for a distance of 1,312, feet (400 meters) downstream and 328 feet (100 meters) upstrearn,of the bridge. The actionurea consists mainly of a maintained /disturbed roadside vegetative community, the SR 1934 pavement and bridge structure, and the Little River channel. In addition, if DWM' and /or TRSM are relocated during mussel salvage actions, the action area will be expanded to include the potential relocation sites, located just upstream of the SR 2129 and, SR 2127 crossings of Little River in Johnston County. The action area occurs in the Neuse River Sub -basin 06; as assigned by.,the.North Carolina Division of Water Quality. Within the action area, the Little River is 50- 76,feet wide. Riparian hardwood forest borders along each bank adjacent to the action area. Conservation Measures Conservation measures represent actions, pledged in the project description, thatthe action agency will implement to minimize the effects of the proposed action and further the recovery of the species under review. Such measures should be closely related to the action and should be achievable within the authority of the action agency. Since conservation measures are part of the proposed action, their implementation is required under the terms of the consultation. The USACE and NCDOT have proposed the following conservation measures. " • NCDOT's "Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds" will be implemented (see Appendix C of BA). • In areas identified as Environmentally Sensitive Areas (defined as a 50- foot:buffer zone on both sides of the stream measured from top of stream bank), the contractor may perform clearing operations, but not grubbing operations until immediately prior to beginning grading operations. Once grading operations begin in identified Environmentally Sensitive Areas, work shall .progress in a.continuous manner until complete. In areasAidentified as Environmentally Sensitive Areas, erosion control devices shall be installed immediately following the clearing operation. • In areas identified as Environmentally Sensitive Areas, seeding and mulching shall be performed on the areas disturbed_by construction immediately following final grade establishment. • In areas identified as Environmentally Sensitive Areas, seeding arid, shall be done in stages on cut and fill"slopes that are greater than 20 feet in height measured along the slope, or greater than two acres in area, whichever is less. • No newbents will be constructed in the Little River. Now bents will be constructed a minimum of 6" feet (north side) and 10 feet (south side) beyond the top of the -bank resulting in a complete, span of the stream channel. •. The replacement structure will be 42 feet longer than the existing. structure, from 160 feet to 202 feet.. As a result, the roadbed fill material in this, 42 feet will be removed; creating a . greater hydraulic opening, which will lessen scour and erosion potential downstream during high flow events: • There will be no deck drains on the new bridge. Gutters will be utilized to direct stormwater to preformed scour holes adjacent to the bridge. • All sediment mid erosion control measures, throughout the project limits, will be maintained regularly to ensure proper function of the measures. • An offsite detour will be utilized, with no improvements to the =detour route. • Theproject`will remove the existing in- stream bents, thereby`Iricreasing the hydraulic ; opening. • The use of a work bridge instead of a rock causeway will reduce the restriction;of hydraulic movement during bridge removal.and minimize the amount'of substrate disturbance from approximately 1;12.5 square feet to 26 square feet. • Prior to beginning construction, NCDOT will conduct a mussel stuvey /relocation effort within the project footprint to a point 80 feet downstream. The habitat beyond, 80 is currently not suitable for the two listed mussel species, as it-is impounded by beaver activity. (See mussel relocation plan in Appendix D of BA). II. STA"T"US OF THE SPECIES Dwarf Wcdgcmussel The DWM was federally listed as endangered on March 14, 1990. The 1 WM is found solely in, Atlantic Coast drainage streams and rivers of various sizes'and moderate current. It'ranges from New Hampshire to North Carolina, in small creeks to deep rivers in stable habitat with substrates ranging,from mixed sand, pebble and gravel, to clay and silty, sand. In the southern portion of its range, it is often .found buried under logs or root. Mats in shallow water (USFWS 1`993); whereas in the northern portion of its range, it may be found in firm substrates of mixed sand, gravel or cobble, or embedded in clay banks in water depths of a few inches to greater than 20 feet "(Fichtel and Smith 1995; Gabriel 1995; Gabriel 1996; Nedcau and Werle 2003; Nedeau 2004a, 2004b, 2006a). _. 4 The DWM's reproductive cycle is typical of other freshwater mussels, requiring a host fish'on which its larvae (glochidia) parasitize and metamorphose into,juvenile mussels.. Michaelson and Neves (1995) confirmed the tessellated darter (Etheostoma vlmstedi); Johnny darter (E. nigruin), and mottled sculpin (C'ottus bair ch) as host fish for DWM in the southern part of its range. The DWM is not a long -lived species as compared to other freshwater mussels; life expectancy is .estimated at, 10 to 12 years., Human activity has significantly degraded, DWM habitat causing a general decline in,populations and a reduction in distribution of the species. Primary factors responsible for the decline of the. DWM include: 1) impoundment of river systems, 2) pollution, 3) alteration, of riverbanks, and 4) siltation (USFWS 1993). Damming and charuielization of rivers throughout the DWM's -range have resulted in the elimination or alteration of much of its formerly occupied habitat (Waiters 2001). Domestic and industrial pollution was the primary cause for mussel extirpation at many historic sites: Mussels are known to be sensitive, to a wide variety of heavy metals and,pesticides, aind to excessive nutrients and chlorine (Havlik and Marking 1987). Mussel die- offs'have been attributed to chemical spills; agricultural waste run -off and low dissolved oxygen levels. Because freshwater mussels are relatively sedentary and cannot move quickly or for long distances,,they cannot easily escape when silt is deposited" over their,habitat. Siltation has been documented to be extremely detrimental to mussel populations by degrading substrate and wafer quality, increasing exposure to other pollutants and by direct smothering of mussels (Ellis 1936, Markings and Bills 1979). In Massachusetts, a bridge construction,project decimated a population -of DWM by accelerated sedimentation and erosion (Smith 1981). Most DWM populations are small and geographically isolated from each. - This isolation restricts exchange of genetic material among populations and reduces genetic variability within populations (USFWS 1993). At one time, DWM was recorded from 70 localities in 15 major drainages ranging from North Carolina to New Brunswick, Canada. Since the 1993 Recoveiy.Plan, a number of new locations' have been discovered and a nuzriber of known locations are possibly no longer extant. '13ased on preliminary information, the dwarf wedgemussel is currently fo und in 16 major drainages (Table 1); comprising approximately 70 ``sites" (orie site may have multiple occurrences). "At least 45 of these sites are based on less than five individuals or solely on spent shells (USFWS 2007, USFWS 2013). Table 1. Dwarf wedgeinussel: major drainages. State Major Drainage County NH Upper Connecticut River Coos, Grafton, Sullivan, Cheshire VT _ Upper Connecticut River Essex, Orange, Windsor, Windham MA Middle Connecticut River Hampshire, Hampden - - CT Lower Connecticut River Hartford' NY Housatonic River Dutchess NY Middle Delaware Orange,, Sullivan, Delaware NJ Middle Delaware Warren, Sussex PA Upper Delaware River Wayne MD, Choptank River _ Queen Anne's, Caroline MD Lower Potomac River St. Mary's, Charles MD Upper Chesapeake Bay Queen Anne's "VA Middle Potomac River 'York Diver Stafford VA Louisa, Spotsylvania VA _ _ Chowan River _ Sussex, Nottoway,'Lunenburg ___ NC Upper Tar .Diver Upper Fishing Creek Granville, Vance, Franklin, Nash NC Franklin, Nash, Halifax NC Upper Contentnea Creek Upper Neuse River _Warren, Wilson, Nash, Johnston NC Johnston, Wake Orange *The 16 major drainages identiIied in t able l do not necessarily correspond to the original drainages laenti Ilea in the 1993 Recovery Plan, although there is consiclejable overlap. The main stem of the Connecticut River in New I Iampshire and Vermont is considered to have the largest remaining DWM population, consisting of three distinet,stretches of sporadically occupied habitat segmented by hydroelectric dams. It is estimated that there are hundreds of thousands of DWM scattered within an approximate 75 -rnile stretch of the Connecticut River. The Ashuelot River in New Harnpsbirc, the Plat Brook in New Jersey,,Paulins,Kill in New, - Jersey, and'the Neversink River in New York harbor large populations, but these nitmber in the thousands only. 'The Farmington River in Connecticut may harbor'also harbor;a relatively large- population, but additional survey work is needed. The remaining populations from' New Jersey south to North Carolina,are estimated at a few individuals to a few Hundred individuals_ (USFWS' , 2013). In sununary, it appears that the populations in North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland are declining.as evidenced by low densities, lack of reproduction, or inability�to relocate any DWM in follow -,up surveys. Populations in New INampsliire, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut appear to be stable, while the ctira'ent status of populations in the Delaware River watershed which were adversely affected by devastating floods in 2005 is still being studied (USFWS 2013). `Tar River Spinymussel' The TRSM'was federally listed as endangered on July 2,9, 1985: The TRSM-is a medium -sized mussel.reach_ing about 60 millimeters in size and was formally described by Johnston and, Clarke (1983). The TRSM is endemic only to the Tar River and Neuse River systems in,Noith Carolina., The TRSM lives in relatively silt -free uncompacted gravel and /or coarse sand in fast- flowing; welLoxygenated stream reaches. It is found,in association' with other mussels (particularly Atlantic pigtoe, Fttscvnaia'inasoni), but it- is never very numerous. Until recently, little was known of the TRSM's reproductive biology. Through the Service's work with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and'North Carolina State University to establish captive refugia populations of TRSM and conduct controlled propagation of the species for future population augmentation and /or reintroduction, -some- aspects of the species life-history,have been determined. For example, Eads et,al. (2008) identified the following fish as suitable hosts: white shiner (Luxilus albeolus); pinewoods shiner (Lythrurus mcrtutinus), bluehead chub (Noconis leptoce.phalus); and satinfin shiner (Cyprinella analostana), In the Tar River system, the species has been documented only from the mainstem of the Tar River, Shocco Creek, Fishing Creek, Little Fishing Creels, Swift. Creek, and Sandy Creek. In the Neuse River system, the'species has only been documented from, the Little River. Based onthe most recent survey data,.the species may be extirpated rTom the mainstem of the Tar River (last observation of live individuals in 2001; no live or shells were found during surveys in 2002 and 2007) and Shocco Creels (cast and only record was a shell found in 1,993). Only one individual was found during surveys in Swift Creek in 2005 and none during surveys in 2009 and 2010. None have been recorded from Sandy Creel< since 2010. A total of only 11 individuals were observed in Little Fishing Creels during surveys in 2008 and 2009. Only four individuals')Avere observed in- Fishing Creek du ring surveys in 2008 and 2009. Only five individuals have ever been recorded from Little River (Neese River basin) — one'each in 1998, 2005, 2008, 2009 and 2010. (North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission unpublished data, USFWS 2010). Based'on available data, all surviving populations of the TRSM are small to extremely small.in size, highly fragmented and isolated from one another, and are in decline. The primary factors affecting the species and its habitat appear to be stream impacts (sedimentation, bank instability, loss of instr-earn habitat) associated with the loss oIforest lands and forested riparian buffers, and poorly controlled stormvvater runoff of silt and other pollutants frothm forestry and agricultural (livestock- and row crow farming) activities, development activities, and road construction, operation, and maintenance ( USFWS 2009). Pesticides were implicated in'the largest known mortality.event'for TRSM (Fleming et al.- 1995). Neither the State of North Carolina nor the local governments-with- jurisdictions�within the watersheds of "streams supporting populations of TRSM currently have regulations /ordinarices that are adequate -to protect the species from many of the adverse, effects of agriculture, private forestry,,and residential and commercial development activities.= Since adult mussels are relatively sedentary, dispersal and recolonization after local extirpation depends primarily on downstream larval drift and transport of attached larvae by host fish., These aspects of life, - history make mussels vulnerable to gradual decline and slow to recover, particularly as . population densities are reduced. The genetic viability of surviving populations is a significant cone ern. All remaining populations of TRSM.appear to be effectively isolated from each other by impoundments and long reaches of highly degraded habitat and therefore highly vulnerable to extirpation.from stochastic and chronic events (e.g. drought, toxic'spills, runoff,; wastewater discharges). The numbers of all surviving populations appear to be below the level necessary to maintain a reproductively viable population ( USFWS 2009, USFWS 2010). Other Species In addition to'the DWM and TRSM that are the subject of this formal consultation, the USACE has determined that the project will have no effect on the federally endangered red- cockaded woodpecker,(Picoides borealis) and Michaux's sumac (Rhus michauxii). Based on available information, the,Service concurs with these conclusions. Suitable habitat is not present within the action area for the red - cockaded woodpecker. A plant survey, conducted on August 17, 2012 did not find any specimens of Michaux's sumac, and only marginal habitat was present within the action area. The red - cockaded woodpecker and Michaux's sumac will not be considered further in this BO- 111. ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE Under Section 7(a)(2) of the ESA, wheal considering the "effects ofthe action" on federally listed species, the Service is required to take into consideration the environmental baseline. The environmental baseline includes past and ongoing natural factors and the past and present impacts of all federal, state, or private actions and other activities in the action area (50 CFR 402.02), including federal actions in the area that have already undergone Section Tconsultation, and the impacts of state -or private actions which are contemporaneous with the consultation in process. Status of the Species Within the Action Area It is unknown if either the DWM or TRSM occur within the action area. The closest known record for DWM is from 2005 near the SR 2129 crossing of Little River (1.09 river,miles upstream). The closest known record for 'TRSM is from 2010 approximately 1.49 river miles downstream. On October 5, 2011, consultants from The Catena Group surveyed the Little River within the action area (400,meters downstream to 100 meters upstream of the bridge crossing). No DWM or TRSM were observed. Upstream of SR 1934, the habitat was unsuitable for both DWM'and TRSM. The downstream reach consisted of a variety of habitats with several patches of high quality habitat suitable for both DWM and TRSM. An additional survey was conducted in Little River downstream of the SR 1934 crossing ou August 17, 2012 by- Catena Group personnel. This survey extended to further downstream to outside the action area. Neither DWM nor TRSM were observed during the 2012 survey, and habitat conditions near the SR 1934_ crossing had declined since the 2011 survey duc to the prescrlce of beaver, dams. Factors Affecting the Species Environment Within the Action Area Although DWM have been observed upstream and TRSM have been observed both,upstream and downstream of the project site in the past, the portion bf the Little River within the action area appears to be degraded somewhat due to beaver activity and resultant large, accumulations of organic matter (e.g. woody debris, leaves, corn sulks, detritus) and sand /silt. IV. EFFECTS OF THE ACTION Under Section 7(a)(2) of the ESA, "effects of the action" refers to the direct and indirect effects of an action on the species or critical habitat, together with the effects of other activities that are interrelated or interdependent with that action. The federal agency�is responsible for analyzing these effects. The�effects of the proposed -action are added to the environmental baseline to determine the future baseline, which serves as the basis for the determination in this B0. Should the effects of the federal action result in a situation that would jeopardize the continued existence of the species, we may propose reasonable and prudent alternatives that the federal agency can take to avoid a violation of Section 7(a)(2). The discussion that follows is, our evaluation of the anticipated direct and indirect effects of the proposed project. Indirect effects are those caused by the proposed action that occur later in tilric but are still reasonably certain to occur (50 ,CFR 402.02). Factors to.lie Considcred Since-'recent efforts to locate DWM and JUSM within the action area have been unsuccessful, it is uncertain if either of the species occurs within the action area. It is believed that'DWM.and TRSM exist within Little River only as small populations. Since 1956, only live live individuals and two relict shells of DWM have been recorded from the Little River, and none have been observed since 2005. Only six individuals of TRSM have ever been recorded in Little'River. If either of the'species does occur within the action area, the limited amount of work within the channel (i.e. to�iemove two bents in the water and placement and removal'of a temporary work bridge) is unlikely to cause any direct mortality since the habitat in the immediate vicinity of existing bridge is poor quality. The minimal work in the charmel will be short duration and effects on downstream habitat will likely be temporary. Removal of bents from the channel, increasing the length of the bridge, and increasing the hydraulic opening; of the,bridge.may provide some overall beneficial long -term effect. Analysis for Effects of the Action Beneficial Effects: The removal of the existing bents in the channel and the commitment to, completely span the charnel will have beneficial effects. Given that in - channel bents can trap debris during high flows and can change stream hydraulics in the immediate vieinity,of the structure (causing scour and deposition), the elimination of-the in- channel bents is e' ected to reduce the bridge's effects on strcarn -flow patterns. Also, given that, large debris piles must often be removed from in- channel bents (creating addi tional channel disturbance and downstream sedimentation), the elimination of the in- channel bents will thus preclude future disturbance for debris rernoval. The lengthening of the bridge from 160 feet to approximately 202 feet and the removal of' some existing approach fill within the floodplain will allow the stream to access more of its floodplain, thus potentially reducing downstream,bank scouring and sedimentation. Direct Effects: The placement of the temporary work bridge and the bank stabilization at the work'bridge'have,the potential to crush any mussels present,in the substrate, although the area disturbed is small (i.e. 26 square feet of river bed and 40 linear feet of river bank). Removal of the in- charnel bents and the removal of the temporary work bridge may disturb sediment which could redeposit downstream, potentially on DWM or TRSM or within their Habitat. The sediment would likely redeposit within the beaver- impounded pools directly downstream of the ,bridge where,there is less likelihood of the occurrence of the species, but should the beaver dams be breaehed,in the-'future, the, sediment could again be redeposited'farther'downstream into more suitable, habitat. Of greater concern i's prolonged erosion of the disturbed area on and along the banks of the river within the' action, area during the removal of the existing bridge and approach fill, construction of the new bridge and approach road, and during utility relocation. To avoid or minimize the-potential for this effect, NCDOT has developed stringent erosion control measures and other conservation measures (see °`Conservation Measures" section" of this BO) which greatly reduce the likelihood of sediment entering the stream. However, these erosion control measures are designed to handle a 25 -year storm event. A greater magnitude storm event could. overwhelm ,these erosion control measures and wash eroded soil from the disturbed construction area into the stream, thus smothering mussels, interfering with respiration and feeding, and degrading habitat. Indirect Effects: ' Since the project involves replacing an existing two- lane'bridge with anew two -lane bridge', it'is-tinlikely that the project will prornote-any secondary developmenfor-land use changes. Also, since no new bents will be,placed in the channel', no negative indirect effects . to river flow are anticipated. Although removal ofthe existing - timber piles and.some-approach fill in the floodplain may cause minor changes in flow dynamics and velocity, there -will likely - notbe any measurable indirect adverse effect on DWM, TRSM, or their habitat. Interrelated and Interdependent Actions: The relocation of electric power poles on the east side of the bridge will involve some ground disturbance within the,action area, which- potentially could contribute to sedimentation of Little River i f erosion control measures were overwhelmed or improperly implemented (see Direct 1,11'ects section above). V. CUMMULATIVE EFFECTS Cumulative effects include the effects of future state, tribal, local or private, actions_ that are reasonably certain to occur in the action area considered in this 130. Future federal actions that are .unrelated -to the proposed action are not considered in this section because they requite separate consultation pursuant to Section 7 of the 1'SA. At this time there are no specific known future local, state orprivate actions, not requiring federal actions thaVare reasonably certainjo occur within the action area. I lowever, in general, increased urbanization upstream in the watershed is expected to continue at sonic unknown level, potentially affecting the action area. VI. CONCLUSION After reviewing the`current status of the DWM and TRSM, the, environmental baseline for the, action area, all effects of the proposed project, and the conservation measures identified in the BA, it is the Service's biological opinion that the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 236 over, Little River on SR' P934, as proposed, is' not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of these 10 species. No critical habitat has been designated for DWM or TRSM; therefore, none will be affected. This non jeopardy opinion is based, in part, on the following facts: It is not known if the DWM or TRSM currently exist within the action area. The project has significant long -term beneficial effects. Several conservation measures will greatly reduc&the potential for adverse effects. In- channel work will be limited, thus limiting the potential for adverse effects. INCIDENTAL TAKE STATEMEN1 Section 9 of the ESA and federal regulations pursuant to Section 4(d) of tlnc ESA prohibit the taking of endangered and threatened species, respcetive'ly, without special exemption. "fake is defined as to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill,,trap, capture, or collect, or attempt to engage in any such conduct. I Iarm is further defined by the Service to include significant habitat modification or degradation that results in death or injury to listed species byisignificantly impairing essential behavioral patterns such as breeding, feeding or sheltering. Harass is defined by the Service as intentional or negligent actions that creatdAlia likelihood of injury to listed species to such, an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavior- patterns which include, but are not limited to, breeding, feeding or sheltering. Incidental take 'is defined as take that is incidental to, and not the purpose of, the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity. Under the terms of "Section 7(b)(4) and Section 7(0)(2), taking that is incidental to and not intended as part of the agency action is not considered to be prohibited taking tender the ESA provided that such taking is, in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Incidental 'fake Statement. The measures described below are non - discretionary, and must be undertaken by,the USACE so that they may become binding conditions of any permit issued to the NCDOT, as appropriate, for the exemption in Section 7(0)(2) to apply. The USAC-?, has a continuing duty to regulate the activity covered by this incidental Take Statement. If the USACE (I) fails to assume and implement the terms and conditions or (2) fails to require the'NCDOT to adhere to the terms and conditions of the Incidental 't'al;e Statement through enforceable terms that are added to the permit or grant document, the protective coverage of Section 7(0)(2) may lapse. To monitor the impact of incidental take, tlrc USACE or the NCDOT.must report the progress of the action and its'igipact on'the specie; to the Service as specified in the Incidental Take Statement [50 CFR §402.14(1)(3)]. Amount or Extent of Talcs Anticipated The Service anticipates that incidental take of the DWM and TRSM may occur as a result of the bridge replacement. During rennoval of the existing bridge and construction of the new bridge, individual ,mussels may smotliered or otherwise harmed by sedimentation or other water quality degradation, or dislocated because of physical changes in their habitat. Because,there are no'reliable data on the number of DWM or TRSM buried in the substrate compared to those on the surface (and even those on the surface are difficult to detect), it is not tt possible to base the amount of incidental take on numbers of individual mussels. Additionally, incidental take will likely be difficult to detect and monitor. Although spent shells maybe , collected, attributing the cause of mortality may, be difficult. Glochidia and juvenile mussels are also extremely difficult to sample, therefore it is difficult to document take of either of these life stages. The level of incidental take of the DWM and TRSM can be defined as all DWM and TRSM that may be harmed, harassed, collected or killed within the action area (400 meters downstream and 100 meters upstream of the existing bridge). If incidental take is exceeded, all work should stop, and the Service should be contacted immediately. Effect of the Take In the accompanying BO, the Service has determined that the level of anticipated talce is not likely to result in jeopardy to the DWM or TRSM. Since dritical habitat has not been designated for.these species, the proposed project will not result in tlae destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. Reasonable and Prudent Measures The Service believes the following reasonable and prudent measures are necessary and appropriate to minimize take of the DWM and TRSM. These, nondiscretionary measures include, but are not limited to, the terms and conditions outlined in this BO. 1. All Conservation Measures previously described in this BO must be implemented. 2. In- channel work will be minimized to the maximum extent practicable. 3. ,Report any detectable incidental take of DWM and TRSM. Terms and Conditions In order to be exempt from [lie prohibitions of Section g of the F;SA, the USAGE and NCDOT mustcomply with the following ternis and conditions, which implement the reasonable and prudent measures described previously and outline required reporting requirements. These terms and conditions ,are�nondiscrctionary. 1. The' USACE will include all the aforementioned conservation meast,ues (and the following Terms and Conditions) as special conditions in the Section 404 permit.issued to NCDOT. (RPM 1) 2. NCDOT will ensure that the contractor and on -site NCDOT staff understand and follow the measures listed in the "Conservation Measures" section of this BO. (RPM 1) 3. NCDOT will ensure that Roadside Environmental Unit staff maintains a level of oversight to ensure that all appropriate erosion control measures are Cully implemented to avoid/minimize sedimentation of the stream. (RPM 1) 4. No heavy equipment will be placed within the channel. (RPM 2) 12 5. The USACE or NCDOT must notify the Service via email that the project construction - has been initiated. (RPM,1 and 2) _ 6. Report the results of the implemented mussel relocation plan (Appendix D in BA) to the Service. (RPM 3) CONSERVATION RECOMMENDATIONS Section 7(a)(1) of the ESA directs federal agencies to use their authorities to further the purposes of the ESA by carrying out conservation programs for the benefit of endangered and threatened species. The following conservation recommendations are discretionary agency activities to minimize or avoid adverse effects ol'a proposed action on listed species or�critical habitat, to help implement recovery plans, or to develop information. 1. Conduct,` fund or contribute to periodic DWM and TRSM status surveys in the Little River and submit results to the Service. 2. Conduct, fund or contribute to any future DWM or TRSM reintroduction or population augmentation efforts conducted by others. In order for the Service to be kept informed of actions minimizing or avoiding adverse effects or benefiting listed species or their habitats, we request notification of'the implementation of any conservation recommendations. ` REINITIATIONJCLOSING STATEMENT This concludes formal consultation on the action outlined in your January 8, 2,014 request for formal consultation. As provided in 50 CFR section 402.16, reinitiation of formal consultation is required where discretionary federal agency involvement or control over the action has been retained (or is authorized by law) and if: (1) new information reveals effects of the agency action that may affect listed species or critical habitat in a manner or to an extent not considered 'in this opinion; (2) the agency action is subsequently modilted in a manner that causes an effect to the listed species or critical habitat not considered in this opinion; or (3) a new species is fisted or critical habitat designated (.lint may be affected by the action. Literature Cited Ellis, M. M. 1936. -Erosion silt as a factor in aquatic environments. Ecology 17:29 -42. Entrix 2005. Biological assessment for Dwarf Wedgemussel (Alasrruc-Ionta helerodon). .Prepared in support of the Dempsey E. Benton Water Treatrrient Project. ENTRIX, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia. Fichtel, C. and D..G. Smith. 1995. The Freshwater Mussels of Vermont. Nongame and Natural Heritage Program, Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department. Technical Report 18. 53 pp. 13 Flemming, W. J., T. P. Augspurgef, and J. M. Alderman. 1,995. Freshwater mussel die -off attributed.to anticholinesterase poisoning. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 14:877 -879. Gabriel, M. 1995. Freshwater mussel distribution in the rivers and streams of Cheshire, Hillsborough, Merrimack and Rockingham Counties, New Hampshire. Report submitted to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New England Field Office and New Hampshire Fish and Game Department. 60 pp. Gabriel, M: 1996. 1996 Monitoring of the dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonla heterodon) in the Ashuelot and Connecticut Rivers, New Hampshire. Report submitted to The Nature Conservancy, Easlem regional Office, Boston, Massachusetts. 27 pp. Havlik, M. E. and L.L. Marking. 1987. Effects of contaminants oil Naiad Mollusks - (Unionidae): A Review, U.S. Department of the Interior, Dish and Wildlife Service, Resource Publication 164, Washington, D.C. 20 pp: Johnson, R. I. and A. H. Clarke. 1983. Anew spiny mgssel,.Elliptio (C'anthyria),steinsldnsana (Bivalvia: Unionidac), ('rom the Tar River, North Carolina. Occasional Papers on Mollusks. 4(61):289 -298. Marking, L.L. and T.D. Bills. 1979. Acute effects of silt and sand sedimentation on freshwater mussels. Pages 204 -211 in:.I.R. Rasmussen, ed. Proceedings of the UMRCC symposium on Upper Mississippi River bivalve mollusks. Upper Mississippi_ River Conservation Committee, Rock Island, Illinois. Michaelson, D. L. and R. J. Neves. 1995. Life History and habitat of the endangered dwarf wedgemussel Alasmirlonto heterodon (Bivalvia:Unionidae). Jour. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 14:324 -340. Nedeau, E. J. and S. Werle. 2003. freshwater Mussels of the Ashuelot River: Keene to Hinsdale. Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish acrd Wildlife Service, Concord, New Hampshire. 50 pp. Nedeau, E. J. 2004x. A Fourth Investigation of the Survival of Dwarf Wedgemussels (Alasmidonta heterodon) for the Relocation Project on the Connecticut River,'Route 2 Stabilization Project, l ,ulienburg, Vermont. Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Concord; New Hampshire. 7 pp. Nedeau, E. J. 2004b. Quantitative survey of dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) populations downst7'cam of the Surry Mountain Flood Control Dam on the Ashuelot River. Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Concord, New Hampshire. 12 pp. ILI Nedeau, E. 2006. Characterizing the Range and Habitat of Dwarf Wedgemussels in the "Middle Macrosite" of the Upper Connecticut River. Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Concord, New Hampshire. 6 pp. Smith, D. G. 1981., Selected freshwater invertebrates proposed.for special concern status in Massachusetts. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering. Division of Water POI i ution Control. Westborough, MA. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993, Dwarf Wedge Mussel Alasnridojila heterodon Recovery Plan. Hadley, Massachusetts. 52 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2007. Dwarf' Wedgemussel Alasirridonla helerodon 5 -Year Review: Summary and Evaluation. Concord, New Hampshire. 19 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2009. Tar Diver Spinymussel Recovery Action Plan. Asheville, North Carolina. 7 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2013. Dwarf Wedgemussel Alasinidonla heterodon 5 -Year Review: Summary and Evaluation. Concord, New Hampshire. '27 pp. U.S-. Fish and Wildlife -Service. 2010. Tar River Spinymussel (Elliplio steinstansana) DRAFT 5 -Year Review:, Summary and Evaluation. Asheville, North Carolina. 20 pp. Natters, T. 2001. Freshwater mussels and water quality: A review of the effects of hydrologic and instieam habitat alterations. Proceedings of the First freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society Symposium, 1999. Ohio 13iolo'ical Survey, Columbus, Ohio. pages 261 -274. 15 i�� ,,,,� � :,;� � o� Illli��;� �� il.� �� illy.., .o„ �u iillll�i m 0 M N Z C O c\ cu N ~ N 0 0_ r c7 O O LL O O LL. 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SNODGRASS AND BRENDA S.SNODGRASS OWNERS ADDRESSES ADDRESSES 5751 OLD BEULAH ROAD KENLY, NC 27542 8508 STEPHENSON ROAD APEX, NC 27539 NCD ®T IDIVISION OF HIGHWAYS JOHNSTON COUNTY PROJECT: 17BPAR.53 (500236) BRIIDGE NO.236 OVER LITTLE RIVER ON SR 1934 SHEET 5 OF 14 4110113 N /W O n O O. N W -�� E y�� r� S 1 P 43 (old Rt 22) sR 21 j ti BRIDGE 236 1 1934 (old Beulah Rd) ( < N �QA `vh E ,.Woo, � GG O1 -s O cp 4 SR 2142 (Watlsn Rd) 95 ® m 301 a Kenly 12/16/2013 h: \Hyarau ics\ I, Auu\ rJ, m\ rerrT11T5 \JUUCJb_DUT_IJer_TSrl,a(jr bboggs 09/08/99 CONTRACT. 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