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Home My WebLink About20140107 Ver 2_Option F Techncial Approach_20140218ew)3 rl) r 1 -1 v2- North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA /KC1 Environmental Technologies and Construction. Inc. PART 5 - TECHNICAL APPROACH 5.1 PROJECT COALS AND OBJECTIVES Norman's Pasture Restoration Site is a headwater stream and wetland system in Sampson County that has been substantially modified to maximize grazing and agriculture. The site consists of a collection of tributaries that drain down moderately- sloped valleys onto the floodplain of Stewarts Creek, a large fourth -order blackwater stream. The streams have been moved and straightened and the wetlands have been ditched in order to clear and drain the land for anthropogenic uses. Despite these modifications, there are areas with high - quality wetlands that remain on the property. The site offers the potential to reconnect a continuous headwater stream and wetland headwater corridor with Stewarts Creek. The restored headwater system would provide a buffer to surrounding grazing and agricultural operations. The site also offers the potential to restore and protect a range of unique aquatic resources in one setting — existing riparian wetlands, a steep forested tributary, lower gradient seep -fed headwaters, and artesian springs. In the Cape Fear River Basin Restoration Priorities (NCEEP 2009), the goals for the 8 -digit hydrologic unit include focusing on water quality improvements and protecting Outstanding Resource Waters. The project goals will support these larger aims and include: - Reconnect a continuous stream and wetland headwater system to Stewarts Creek - Improve and expand riparian habitat along Stewarts Creek - Buffer nutrient inputs from adjacent agricultural and grazing practices The following objectives will be implemented to achieve these goals: - Redevelop headwater stream- wetland complexes that have previously been impacted by ditching - Protect and integrate existing riparian wetlands into the project design . y _____ Plant any unvegetated riparian areas with native plant communities f; t� � - Fence all easement arias to protect the site's resources from grazing 5.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION i' The Norman's Pasture Restoration Site (NPRS) is headwater system located approxim tel R+t1AL1TY west of Magnolia, North Carolina in Sampson County. The project begins southwest of t e r r Cornwallis Road and MJ Johnson Road and Stewarts Creek, a fourth -order stream, forms the southern boundary. The location of the project is shown in Figure 1. Watershed Description The site is within the 03030006 (Cape Fear 06) Watershed Cataloging Unit (8 -digit HUC) and the Local Watershed Unit 03030006110040 (14 -digit HUC). The project's 14 -digit HUC has been identified by the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) as a targeted local watershed. Figure 2 shows the site in relation to the project watershed that is comprised of 179 acres before reaching Stewarts Creek. Below the project site, Stewarts Creek continues for approximately four river miles before it flows into Six Runs Creek. Neither Stewarts Creek nor Six Rums Creek are listed on the 2010 303(d) list. The project site is also not within a water supply watershed. Stewarts Creek (DWQ Index 18- 68 -2 -10) is classified as a Class C water with the supplemental classification of swamp waters (Sw). Historic and Current land ILve!Lcnul Cover Historic aerials were examined for any information about how the site hydrology and vegetation had changed over the last century. The reviewed aerials are included in Appendix A. Looking at historic aerials from 1938, 195 t, 1966, 1981, 1989, 1993, 1998 and 2008, it is apparent that the area surrounding the project site has been used for agriculture for many years. As early as 1938, ditches are evident across North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. PART 5 - TECHNICAL APPROACH 5.1 PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Norman's Pasture Restoration Site is a headwater stream and wetland system in Sampson County that has been substantially modified to maximize grazing and agriculture. The site consists of a collection of tributaries that drain down moderately - sloped valleys onto the floodplain of Stewarts Creek, a large fourth -order blackwater stream. The streams have been moved and straightened and the wetlands have been ditched in order to clear and drain the land for anthropogenic uses. Despite these modifications, there are areas with high - quality wetlands that remain on the property. The site offers the potential to reconnect a continuous headwater stream and wetland headwater corridor with Stewarts Creek. The restored headwater system would provide a buffer to surrounding grazing and agricultural operations. The site also offers the potential to restore and protect a range of unique aquatic resources in one setting — existing riparian wetlands, a steep forested tributary, lower gradient seep -fed headwaters, and artesian springs. In the Cape Fear River Basin Restoration Priorities (NCEEP 2009), the goals for the 8 -digit hydrologic unit include focusing on water quality improvements and protecting Outstanding Resource Waters. The project goals will support these larger aims and include: - Reconnect a continuous stream and wetland headwater system to Stewarts Creek - Improve and expand riparian habitat along Stewarts Creek - Buffer nutrient inputs from adjacent agricultural and grazing practices The following objectives will be implemented to achieve these goals: - Redevelop headwater stream - wetland complexes that have previously been impacted by ditching - Protect and integrate existing riparian wetlands into the project design - Plant any unvegetated riparian areas with native plant communities - Fence all easement areas to protect the site's resources from grazing 5.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Norman's Pasture Restoration Site (NPRS) is headwater system located approximately five miles west of Magnolia, North Carolina in Sampson County. The project begins southwest of the intersection of Cornwallis Road and MJ Johnson Road and Stewarts Creek, a fourth -order stream, forms the southern boundary. The location of the project is shown in Figure 1. Watershed Description The site is within the 03030006 (Cape Fear 06) Watershed Cataloging Unit (8 -digit HUC) and the Local Watershed Unit 03030006110040 (14 -digit HUC). The project's 14 -digit HUC has been identified by the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) as a targeted local watershed. Figure 2 shows the site in relation to the project watershed that is comprised of 179 acres before reaching Stewarts Creek. Below the project site, Stewarts Creek continues for approximately four river miles before it flows into Six Runs Creek. Neither Stewarts Creek nor Six Runs Creek are listed on the 2010 303(d) list. The project site is also not within a water supply watershed. Stewarts Creek (DWQ Index 18- 68 -2 -10) is classified as a Class C water with the supplemental classification of swamp waters (Sw). Historic and Current Land Use /Land Cover Historic aerials were examined for any information about how the site hydrology and vegetation had changed over the last century. The reviewed aerials are included in Appendix A. Looking at historic aerials from 1938, 1951, 1966, 1981, 1989, 1993, 1998 and 2008, it is apparent that the area surrounding the project site has been used for agriculture for many years. As early as 1938, ditches are evident across JOHNSTON \ WAYNE SAMPSON DUPLIN BLADEN PENDER Bull a— U N c Ste-Is Creek 5 SAMPSON COUNTY /ham FPda`/ k Rd U I DUPLIN P\ICOUNTY �a ` 0 e -Q% 0 �a a) 1 / I -- Figure 1. Vicinity Map N { Project Site Location Major Roads n �� — Other Roads .mom 1:63,360 County Boundaries �_ KC T —Major Streams 1 inch = 1 miles ENN40NMFwc- 1NOIOGFS 1 NO C0 6 PUC ON INC 1 0.5 0 1 (No airports within 5 miles of the project site) Miles r L L S-i if L X A Cr 0 .0 r t J, Q! J J Figure 2. Project Watershed N A mmmmw,6_ Project Watershed (179 acres) 1:12,000 Extent of Project Parcels 1 inch = 1,000 feet K CI 1,000 500 0 1.000 TM Feet Source: USGS DRG, Turkey Quad, 1964. North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. the project site. The 1938 aerial shows that the two major ditches that run east to west were already in place, and that a third ditch that runs north to south along the western edge of the property was likely already constructed as well. A farm pond to the northwest of the project property was already in existence. However, not as much land in the lower portion of the site was cleared in 1938. The lower portion of the site north of Stewarts Creek has vegetation in 1938, but this is soon cleared for either agriculture or grazing by the 1966 aerial. The later aerials show a similar pattern in land use. The site shows a significant amount of ponding in several of the historic photographs. In addition to the historical aerials, KCI also reviewed the available historic topographic maps. Topographic maps from 1962 and 1984 were found (see Figure 4). KCI inquired at the local NRCS office for any older topographic or drainage maps, but no other maps were available. The 1962 topographic map indicates that the site hydrology generally flows north to south and then drains to the southwest corner of Stewarts Creek. The 1984 topographic map shows this trend in greater detail, but also displays the existing ditches and their influence on the site. Currently, the land use in the 179 -acre project watershed is comprised mainly of forest, animal production and agriculture. This project watershed spans the project parcels plus an additional area upstream of MJ Johnson Road. The land use is approximately 15.8% agricultural, 45.3% forest, 34.2% pasture, 0.7% high - density development (roads), 3.1% low- density development, (rural residences), and 0.9% water (see Figure 3). The impervious surface within the project watershed is estimated to be 1 %. The nearest municipalities to the site are Turkey and Magnolia. The surrounding area is rural and has low development pressure at this time. FEMA Floodplain Issues The majority of the NPRS is located in the 100 -year floodplain (Zone AE) of Stewarts Creek. A flood study is expected for this project, but it is not anticipated that the project will raise the flood elevations for this area. Site Constraints There is one anticipated 20 -foot easement exception that will be included with the project to provide landowner access to upland pasture left out of the conservation easement. The crossing will have appropriately sized culverts installed to ensure that there are no detrimental effects on the project. Airports There are no airports located within five miles of the project site. Geology and Soils The site lies within the Rolling Coastal Plain Level IV Ecoregion within the coastal plain physiographic province. The site is in the inner coastal plain and is underlain by the Black Creek Formation of the Cretaceous Period. The Black Creek Formation is described as clay, gray to black, lignic and contains thin beds and laminae of fine- grained micaceous sand and thick lenses of cross - bedded sand. Glauconitic, fossiliferous clayey sand lenses exist in the upper part (NCDNRCD, 1985). The Soil Survey of Sampson County describes several predominant soil series at the NPRS, including Lumbee sandy loam, Bibb and Johnston, Johnston loam, and Chipley sand (see Appendix E for NRCS map). Lumbee sandy loam is a nearly level, poorly drained soil is on smooth flats and in shallow depressions on stream terraces. The Bibb and Johnston soil series is frequently flooded and has soils that are poorly or very poorly drained and found along major streams. Johnston loam is very poorly drained found on narrow to moderately broad floodplains. The Chipley Sand series has 0 to 2 percent slopes, which is described as being a nearly level, moderately well- drained soil on smooth ridges. (Soil Survey of Sampson County, USDA SCS 1985). �� ., , ,,� 'ter + �.� •. }` 00 � r Figure • - • Land Use r Z. 115 Ce 1 I 1 1 191 •� _ t, r 1 1 � I+ )kl I1ir)O 1984 1421 ' �••✓- Y• Il f , ✓'( '1�`� .•; f`�_ - •�' -''r�' � ter" � � � .,,._ t ��• r v i `} r 't_i �� !r•- ��_�!r'1 I r � - err. ti� _ —_ ',1 ' -nom- -� - �.l '_f r• mfr f••r L`f1Ll n �F lr.i i �`.' 1 �• ��! )'� 1,,10 - .` ��,,1 � �� 1 �r Figure 4. Historic Topographic Maps N C I 1� Extent of Project Parcels 1:18,000 1 inch = 1,500 feet LSources: 1,500 750 0 1,500 1962 - NC State Historic Topo Maps, Rose Hill, 1984 - USGS DRGs, Turkey Quad. Feet North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc./KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. A soils investigation by KCI's licensed soil scientist found the soils described above in addition to Johns fine sandy loam, Lynn Haven sand, and Torhunta fine sandy loam. A detailed map of the soils found at the site and soil boring logs are included in Appendix C. Johns fine sandy loam is a somewhat poorly drained to moderately well drained series found on stream terraces. Lynn Haven sand is a poorly drained soil typical of flat areas or in large, shallow depressions. Torhunta fine sandy loam is a very poorly drained soil found on upland bays and stream terraces. Existing Conditions The project streams and wetlands have all been impacted by grazing, agricultural, and other hydrologic modifications. At this time, the northwest portion of the site is still being farmed while the remainder of the property is open to cattle grazing. Hay is harvested from different parts of the property depending on the year. Despite these impacts, there are still stream and wetland resources on the site that remain in moderate to good condition. The existing site conditions are displayed in Figure 4 and Figure 5 shows the existing site topography based on LIDAR. Site photographs illustrating the current site conditions are included as Appendix B. Tributary 1 (T1): This unnamed tributary to Stewarts Creek begins northwest of the project site from a farm pond. Once it comes onto the project site, it is a stable stream within a forested riparian buffer. However, it begins to incise shortly thereafter and flows for approximately 750 linear feet in a narrow, steep valley. In this section, the right bank has a steep valley wall while the left bank has a higher bank that is raw and exposed. There is a farm field just to the east of the left bank. Once T1 leaves the valley and enters into a lower gradient farm field, the stream is channelized for approximately 550 linear feet. In this location, T1 lacks riparian vegetation, flow diversity, and any woody debris or other habitat structures. T1 then is channelized to the edge of the farm field with a moderately vegetated buffer along the right bank. There is also an artesian spring in this location where the stream makes this transition. It has been capped with a pipe, but communication from the landowner suggests that it flowed strongly before it was capped. The channel has been excavated in this location and the remaining spoil can be seen to the left of the stream. Looking downstream, the right bank has moderate riparian coverage with mature trees while the left bank is directly adjacent to the agricultural field. T1 flows through this section for approximately 200 feet before Tributary 2 enters from the left. After the confluence with the entering tributary, T1 transitions into a channel type with little evidence of ditching and with access to its floodplain. After another 200 feet, T1 then travels along the property line as a straightened channel with spoil piles adjacent to the left bank until T1 enters into Stewarts Creek. Tributary 2 (T2): Tributary 2 begins in the middle of the site and flows to the north and then to the west before joining T1 along the western edge of the site. T2 receives its primary hydrologic input from an artesian spring that rises to the surface. Based on landowner reports, this artesian spring provides a consistent source of hydrology. The beginning of T2 is surrounding by high quality wetlands, although cattle have created a ponded, open water area that impedes initial flow. The wetlands have a mature canopy with buttressed trunks. Species within the wetlands include bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), American elm (Ulnzus americana), and river birch (Betula nigra), Currently, T2 is a functional headwater stream at its beginning. Unlike a single- thread channel, the stream has a multiple flowpaths throughout the wetted section that move in a linear direction. The braided system is largely shaped by the existing trees. The flow moves toward the north, but is ponded near its source due to cattle congregating and drinking in this area. After another 100 feet, the stream flows through a more heavily wooded area. After flowing approximately 500 feet toward the north, T2 receives additional drainage from hillside seepage entering from the northeast. At this point, the headwater stream flows toward the west. For the last 680 feet of T2, the stream is a wide channelized ditch until it reaches the confluence with T1. There is i i i ell,} tar �,•.,.�'i�Y !: ��.. S '447 N.4,; { F •��t �Yjd 1 ? ,f•� y� V l � • t ENVI90NM6MiY IECNNOIIX•AFS N ®CONSIWCI�ON. INC a 0 A ` E 4 i t I �;•s�..� ,,. _ _. i f " s I Figure 6. Lidar Topography I Elevation N Project Parcels High: 110 ft '. 1:3,600 KC I 1 -ft Contours Emnou+TM �eeNwoioerts 1 inch = 300 feet .�cc«s,�� roN ,„� Low : 71 ft 300 150 0 300 Source: NC Floodmaps Bare Earth Lidar Data. Feet N, A ` E 4 i t I �;•s�..� ,,. _ _. i f " s I Figure 6. Lidar Topography I Elevation N Project Parcels High: 110 ft '. 1:3,600 KC I 1 -ft Contours Emnou+TM �eeNwoioerts 1 inch = 300 feet .�cc«s,�� roN ,„� Low : 71 ft 300 150 0 300 Source: NC Floodmaps Bare Earth Lidar Data. Feet North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCl Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. little to no movement within the channel, leaving the water essentially ponded with large amounts of duckweed. Along the left bank of this lower section of T2, there is no riparian vegetation. The right bank has a narrow strip of trees. Existing Impacted Wetlands There are many incoming seeps and riparian wetlands that have been modified to accommodate agriculture and grazing at the NPRS as the slope transitions down to the Stewarts Creek floodplain area. South of Tributary 2 is the largest drained wetland area at the NPRS. The land is currently used for hay or pasture. Figure 5 shows the ditches that drain the former wetland, and Figure 6 shows the defined shallow valley that runs through the center of the field. T2's current landscape position is to the north of the field, but the ditched channel likely flowed through the center of this field. To the south of this field is seepage flow that is currently confined to a forested ditch running east to west toward an outlet into Stewarts Creek. Along the eastern slope of the site below Cornwallis Road is a series of seeps converging toward the Stewarts Creek floodplain. At the northeastern corner is an existing pond that holds water from an upstream seep; this pond can be seen on Figure 5. Additional seep channels have had their outlets blocked and are confined to ponded areas, which are open to impacts from cattle. Existing forested wetlands are found in the lowest areas of the site, but the connections to these wetlands have been blocked or bypassed in many areas. Additional drained wetlands are found near Tributary 1 as it comes onto the floodplain. Ditches have been installed to drain excess water from this area to allow for farming. 5.3 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT A mitigation approach has been developed for NPRS that aims to balance the potential to return the stream and wetland system to its historic condition while also integrating existing high - quality habitat features that have developed since anthropogenic modifications have taken place. Each of the proposed mitigation elements will be described and then a summary of the offered options will follow in the next section. All of the streams and wetlands within the project easement will be fenced to protect them from further grazing impacts. Most of the project streams will be restored as headwater stream systems in existing valley slopes previously abandoned or modified. Figure 7 shows a conceptual schematic of headwater stream restoration. Tributary 1, Reach 1 (TI-1) — 750 If of Stream Enhancement I In this upper reach of T1, the stream has become incised as it cuts it way down to the valley below. Enhancement work along this reach will focus on installing bed structures to stabilize headcuts that have developed as the channel is cutting down to the downstream floodplain. Bank work will be targeted primarily along the left bank where the channel has high banks. The left bank will be shaped to build a bankfull bench and then replanted with native species. There are large, mature trees within the riparian corridor that will be integrated into the enhancement design as much as possible to maintain the overstory coverage. Tributary 1, Reach 2 (T1 -2) — 1,011 If of Headwater Stream Restoration In this section, T1 will be restored to its former headwater stream location. As TI-1 comes out of the valley upstream, the slope changes to a low- gradient system. Instead of being constrained to the existing ditch that the stream flows through, the restored channel will allow water to spread out and develop a PROPOSED HEADWATER STREAMMETLAND COMPLEX CROSS - SECTION PLAN VIEW 100'+ Wetland Valley Width 1 fJJI r Diffuse Flow Through A Multi- Thread Channel Figure 7. Headwater Stream/Wetland Complex Restoration Schematic NOT TO SCALE = .,.. KCI North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCl Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. braided channel system to the west. A channel block will be removed and minor grading will be implemented to create multiple flowpaths based on a reference stream condition. Flow will be returned to a channel area with a minimum width of 100 feet. Woody debris will be added as needed to create flow diversity, to add stability, and to provide habitat features. Tributary 1, Reach 3 (T1 -3) — 275 If of Stream Enhancement II After the confluence of T2, the existing channel of T1 transitions into a sinuous channel for approximately 200 linear feet. This section of channel has the appropriate pattern and dimensions with access to its floodplain. This section of channel will be connected to the restored upstream headwater stream. The buffer will be enhanced with tree plantings and livestock excluded from the channel. Tributary 1, Reach 4 (T1 -4) — 205 if of Stream Restoration The existing channel of T14 is a straightened channel with remnant spoil on the banks before it runs into Stewarts Creek. The stream will be returned to a diffuse channel pattern to the west. The existing spoil will be excavated to allow floodplain access. Care will be taken to maintain existing trees in this location. Tributary IA (T1A) — 187 If of Headwater Stream Restoration The restoration of this channel will occur where an artesian well has been capped to drain an existing headwater stream channel. The artesian well will have seep protection installed to protected the water source and distribute the flow downstream into an existing forested, multi- thread headwater channel. This stream will flow into the bottom of T1 -2. Tributary 2, Reach 1 (T2 -1) — 925 If of Enhancement II (Proposed Mitigation Ratio 5:1) This reach is already a functional headwater stream, but cattle impacts are affecting water quality and preventing additional herbaceous vegetation from forming. The cattle are also compacting the ground at the head of the reach, which is causing water to pond. This area will benefit greatly from having the cattle excluded with fencing. The surrounding buffer will also be planted with native species in those areas without established vegetation. A mitigation ratio of 5:1 is proposed for this reach due to the existing high quality nature of the stream. Tributary 2, Reach 2 (T2 -2) — 955 If of Headwater Stream Restoration In this section, T2 will be relocated to the center of the field where Lidar topography shows a defined headwater stream /wetland valley. Woody material will be added to provide habitat, stability, and flow diversity. Existing trees along the right bank will be protected as much as possible. Tributary 2A (T2A) — 321 if of Headwater Stream Restoration T2A will be restored through a small headwater valley as it flows downstream to T2 within the same proposed stream and wetland complex. Tributary 213, Reach 1 (T213-1), 935 if of Headwater Stream Restoration T213-1 will be restored as a headwater stream where there is currently seepage flow being stored behind a pond. The pond will be dismantled and the seepage area will be regraded and stabilized with matting. The channel will flow through an existing headwater valley as seen on the Lidar topography and flow down to existing headwater stream /wetland complex that eventually joins T2. Minor grading will be completed ensure a stable transition into this former channel. Tributary 2B, Reach 2 (T213-2), 500 if of Stream Enhancement II (Proposed Mitigation Ratio 5:1) This reach of T213 begins in an existing stream /wetland complex. The area has mature existing trees, but cattle have access to this area. Upstream seepage flow has also been diverted away from the wetland. Enhancement actions will focus on adding supplemental plantings as needed, restoring an upstream hydrologic source, and fencing out livestock. North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. Tributary 2C (T2C), 173 If of Headwater Stream Restoration This tributary is currently ponded at the top of the feature where seep flow enters the site. Restoration actions will focus on redeveloping this seep into the existing valley below and tying the tributary into the existing wetland complex that adjoins T2. Tributary 2Ca JXa), 333 If of Headwater Stream Restoration This tributary forms from seepage flow and quickly joins T2C. Restoration will focus on regrading a stable headwater stream transition and replanting this section of former pasture. Tributary 2D (T2D), 279 If of Restoration This existing drained channel will have flow returned to it to restore a headwater stream system. Existing fill will be removed that is blocking upstream seepage from reaching the channel. The headwater stream valley will be regarded to the appropriate elevations to allow gradual flow through the reach. Tributary 3, Reach 1 (T3 -1), 695 If of Enhancement I Tributary 3 flows from seepage flow from the northeast and then transitions through an existing cypress wetland. A multi- thread channel exists for the tributary flow, but currently the seepage flow is being rerouted around the wetland. Enhancement actions will focus restoring flow through this section. Tributary 3, Reach 2(T3 -2), 104 If of Headwater Stream Restoration This reach of restoration will reconnect T3 to an outlet at Stewarts Creek that has been blocked by excessive deposition along the larger stream. Restoration actions will focus on regrading a stable transition from the existing T3 channel into Stewarts Creek. Tributary 3A (T3A), 175 If of Enhancement II This small section of Enhancement II will reconnect an active artesian spring to T' ) downstream. Minor grading will remove blockages that are preventing flow from entering the T3 channel. Riparian Wetland Restoration, 10.4 — 15.6 acres Riparian wetland restoration will take place across the NPRS as described in the mitigation options in the next section. All of the riparian wetland restoration actions will focus on reconnecting the restoration areas to existing wetlands to expand wetland habitat and the forested corridor along Stewarts Creek. The restoration will involve filling existing ditches as well redeveloping headwater stream systems as described above. By restoring these headwater systems, it will elevate the local groundwater table and slow runoff from upstream land uses such as agricultural and grazing. Besides expanding wetland habitat, it will also increase the buffering capacity before runoff reaches Stewarts Creek. Riparian and Wetland Vegetation Riparian and wetland plantings will consist of native species and will be incorporated as outlined in the restoration actions. In areas where the entire riparian buffer will be planted, a density of six hundred eighty (680) stems per acre will be planted to achieve a mature survivability of two hundred ten (210) trees per acre. In locations where there are existing trees and the area is to be enhanced, plants will be installed at densities ranging between 100 and 200 stems per acre. Woody vegetation planting will be conducted during dormancy. Disturbed areas of T1 -I will be planted as a Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype). This community is typically found on moist upland soils with canopy species such as American beech (Fagits grandifolia), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), southern sugar maple (Acer floridanum), white oak (Quercus alba), and northern red oak (Q. rubra). The conditions along T1 -1 are more similar to the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. bluff /slope variant of this community as described by Schafale and Weakley (1990). Potential species to be planted in this area could include: American Hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana Swamp Chestnut Oak Q. michauxii Tulip Poplar Liriodendron tulipifera S. Red Oak Q. falcata var. pagodaefolia White Oak Quercus alba Common Sweetleaf Symplocos tinctoria The remainder of the site will be planted as a Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Blackwater Subtype). Typical overstory species in this community include bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum), swamp tupelo ( Nyssa bii lora), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), red maple (Acer rubrum), laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia), overcup oak (Q. lyrata), swamp chestnut oak (Q. michauxii), river birch (Betula nigra), and American elm (Ulmus americana) ( Schafale and Weakley 1990). This composition is similar to what is already found in adjacent wetlands at the site. Potential seedlings for these areas could include: River Birch Betula nigra Laurel Oak Quercus laurifolia Sweet Bay Magnolia virginiana Overcup Oak Q. lyrata Water Tupelo Nyssa Mora Swamp Chestnut Oak Q. michauxii Swamp Bay Persea palustris Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum On the enhanced stream banks of T1 -1, live stakes will be used in conjunction with the native herbaceous seed mix to provide natural stabilization. Appropriate species identified for live staking may include: Carolina Willow Salix caroliniana Black Willow Salix nigra Elderberry Sambucus canadensis An herbaceous seed mix composed of appropriate native species will also be developed and used to further stabilize and restore the riparian and bank zones. Invasive species will be treated in order to reduce the competition against other native species. North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA /KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. 5.4 PROPOSED MITIGATION The streams and wetlands that make up the project offer substantial opportunity for restoration and enhancement. The following descriptions of mitigation type and extent are based on the Stream Mitigation Guidelines, April 2003 US Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District, United States Environmental Protection Agency, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and North Carolina Division of Water Quality. Seven different options are being offered — Options A through G — in order to best meet the mitigation needs of the State. These options are displayed separately as seen in Figures 8 -14. Option A includes the proposed mitigation of T1, T1A, T2, and T2A along with associated wetland restoration. OPTION A Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 12.3 = 12.3 Restoration 2,680 = 2,680 Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I 750 = 500 Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.Ilx 1,200 = 395 Total 12.3 = 12.3 Total 4,630 = 3,575 *T2 -1 is being offered at a 5:1 mitigation ratio for Enhancement II Option B includes the same elements as Option A, but adds the mitigation of T213 and its associated riparian wetlands. OPTION B Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 14.5 = 14.5 Restoration 3,615 = 3,615 Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I 750 = 500 Preservation 0 = 0 1 Enh.I1* 1,700 = 395 Total 14.5 = 14.5 1 Total 6,065 = 5,912 *T2 -1 and T2B -2 are being offered at a 5:1 mitigation ratio for Enhancement 11 Option C includes the same stream elements as Option B, but adds the mitigation of T2C, T2Ca, T2D, T3, and T3 a. OPTION C Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 14.1 = 14.1 Restoration 4,510 = 4,510 Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I 1,445 = 963 Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.11* 1,743 = 439 Total 14.1 = 14.1 Total 7,698 = 5,912 *T2 -1 and T2B -2 are being offered at a 5:1 mitigation ratio for Enhancement 11 North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. Option D includes the same elements as Option C, but without the mitigation of T213 and its associated wetlands. OPTION D Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 12.6 = 12.6 Restoration 3,575 = 3,575 Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I 1,445 = 963 Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.II* 1,743 = 439 Total 12.6 = J::]Total Total 6,763 = 4,977 *T2 -1 is being offered at a 5:1 mitigation ratio for Enhancement II Option E offers the same stream mitigation as Option A, but with less wetland mitigation. OPTION E Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 10.4 = 10.4 Restoration 2,680 = 2,680 Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I 750 = 500 Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.II* 1,200 = 395 Total 10.4 = 10.4 Total 4,630 = 0 *T2 -1 is being offered at a 5:1 mitigation ratio for Enhancement II Option F offers only wetland mitigation. OPTION F Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 15.6 = 15.6 Restoration = Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I = Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.Il = Total 15.6 = 15.6 Total 0 = 0 Option G offers a reduced version of the wetland mitigation in Option F. OPTION G Riparian Wetland Stream Acres WMU's LF SMU's Restoration 12.1 = 12.1 Restoration = Enhancement 0 = 0 Enh.I = Preservation 0 = 0 Enh.II = Total 12.1 = 12.1 Total 0 = 0 r a r J Nh Figure 13. Mitigation Type and Extent - Option F 0 N < IR Riparian Wetland Restoration (15.6 ac) Proposed Easement (40.1 ac) 1 inch= 3 00 feet K C I 300 150 0 300 EM 40NMFM4IFC WOIOCAFS Realigned Stream ___��- Feet Source: NC Statewide Orthofmagery, 2010. North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc./KCI Associates of North Carolina PAXCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. 5.5 CURRENT OWNERSHIP The proposed restoration project is located on private properties owned by: Charles Corbett 2552 Holiday Avenue Zebulon, NC 27597 2. Melvin James Kornegay 2540 MJ Johnson Road Turkey, NC 28393 The Offeror holds an executed option to purchase easement restrictions on the land necessary to undertake the project and these options have been recorded with the Register of Deeds in Sampson County (Appendix Q. The mitigation will be protected by a conservation easement in perpetuity. 5.6 PROJECT PHASING The project schedule assumes a notice to proceed on or before 9/1/2012. Adjustments to the schedule will be required if the construction window is missed due to a delayed NTP. Environmental Screening /Public Meeting Record Easement Mitigation Plan Permits Acquisition and Earthwork Planting and Monitoring Device Installation As -Built Drawings and Baseline Monitoring Report Monitoring Report #I Monitoring Report #2 Monitoring Report #3 Monitoring Report #4 Monitoring Report #5 Monitoring Report #6 Monitoring Report #7 5.7 SUCCESS CRITERIA Completion Period (Following NTP) 60 Days 120 Days 365 Days (1 Year) 548 Days (1.5 Years) 607 Days 730 Days (2 Years) 913 Days (2.5 Years) 1,278 Days (3.5 Years) 1,643 Days (4.5 Years) 2,008 Days (5.5 Years) 2,373 Days (6.5 Years) 2,738 Days (7.5 Years) 3,103 Days (8.5 Years) Monitoring will consist of the collection and analysis of data to support the evaluation of the project in meeting established restoration objectives. Specifically, project success will be assessed utilizing measurements of vegetation survivability and stream /wetland hydrologic monitoring. For the headwater streams, which involves the restoration of the historic flow pattern as a multi - thread headwater stream system to be constructed as a broad or diffuse swale with shallow flow paths, monitoring will focus primarily on visual assessments, documentation of indicators of active flow, and hydrologic monitoring with a series of gauges. The monitoring for the single thread stream restoration will follow more traditional monitoring methodology as discussed below. Duration - Monitoring will be conducted for a period of seven years following project implementation. The first scheduled monitoring event will be conducted during the first full growing season following project completion (Anticipated growing season of 2013). North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. Reporting - Monitoring reports will be prepared and submitted following the completion of each growing season. Each report will provide the new monitoring data and compare the new data against previous findings. The monitoring report format will follow the latest EEP monitoring report template, currently Version 1.4, published November 7, 2011. Visual Assessment During yearly site walks, KCI will document any areas of bank erosion, invasive species, bed aggradation or degradation, or other problem area and evaluate whether or not corrective actions are needed. Photograph Reference Points Photograph reference points (PRPs) will be established to assist in characterizing the site and to allow qualitative evaluation of the site conditions. The location of each photo point will be permanently marked in the field and the bearing /orientation of the photograph will be documented. Vegetation Survivability The survivability of the vegetation plantings will be evaluated using a sufficient number of 100 -m2 vegetative sampling plots randomly placed throughout the restored wetlands and planted headwater stream buffers to cover a minimum of 2% of the planted portion of the site. Permanent monuments will be established at the corners of each monitoring plot and documented by either conventional survey or GPS. The vegetation monitoring will follow the Level 2 method of the current CVS -EEP protocol ( http: / /cvs.bio.unc.edu/methods.htm). Monitoring will also comply with guidance included in "Monitoring Requirements and Performance Standards for Stream and/or Wetland Mitigation" (NC EEP, November 7, 2011), which states that the plots must achieve a stem density of 320 stems /acre after three years, 260 stems /acre after five years, and 210 stems /acre after seven years to be considered successful. In addition to density requirements, plant height will be monitored within the monitoring plots to ensure that trees average 10 feet in height after 7 years. A photograph will be taken of each monitoring plot, allowing yearly qualitative comparison of vegetation conditions. Monitoring Headwater Stream Reaches Bankfull Events, Flooding, and Active Flow Documentation The occurrence of bankfull events and flooding functions within the monitoring period will be documented by the use of water level gauges and photographs. A sufficient number of monitoring gauges will be installed within the restored system to document groundwater and flooding levels. To ensure that these systems are functioning like stream /wetland systems, regular active flow must be documented. Two floodplain flow events must be documented within the seven -year monitoring period. A floodplain flow event is considered to be a flow event large enough to spread flow across at least 50 percent of the floodplain width. The two floodplain events must occur in separate years; otherwise, the monitoring will continue until two floodplain events have been documented in separate years. A network of gauges will be deployed to document the occurrence of extended periods of shallow surface ponding, indicative of flow. Visual signs that are indicative of flow include: visual documentation of flowing water, presence of litter and other debris, wrack lines, sediment sorting, a pattern of disturbed leaf litter, water staining, and changes in the plant community. During site visits to download gauges, these indicators will be documented with photos and on field forms to be summarized in the annual monitoring report. Dimension Permanent cross - sections will be established along the restored reaches. These will be surveyed during the baseline monitoring and again during the first and second years of monitoring. The purpose of these North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program KCI Technologies Inc. /KCI Associates of North Carolina PA/KCI Environmental Technologies and Construction, Inc. cross - sections is not to monitor the minor changes in the dimension of the braided channel, but to document if there is any significant change in the extent of the restored stream/wetland valley. Permanent monuments will be established at the left and right extents of each cross - section by either conventional survey or GPS. If the second year of monitoring shows that there is significant change, then the cross - sections will be monitored again at years five and seven. If there is not significant change, then the cross - section surveys will be discontinued after the second year of monitoring. Monitoring Single Thread Stream — TI -I Stream Stability Monitoring The purpose of monitoring is to evaluate the stability of the restored stream. The monitoring for this part of the restored stream will comply with guidance included in "Monitoring Requirements and Performance Standards for Stream and/or Wetland Mitigation" (NC EEP, November 7, 2011). Dimension Permanent cross - sections will be established along the restored and enhanced reaches and will be used to evaluate stream dimension stability. Permanent monuments will be established at the left and right extents of each cross - section by either conventional survey or GPS. The cross - section surveys shall provide a detailed measurement of the stream and banks. It shall include points on the slopes leading down to the channel, at the top of bank, bankfull, at all breaks in slope, and the thalweg. Subsequently, width/depth ratios, entrenchment ratios and low bank height ratios will be calculated for each cross - section. Photographs will be taken of each cross - section during each monitoring event. Sets of bank pins in outer meander bends will also be monitored during each of the monitoring events. Profile A longitudinal profile for the project reaches will be established during the baseline conditions survey. After the initial survey, the longitudinal profile will only be surveyed if there is demonstrated bed instability. Stream Hydrologic Monitoring The success of restoring the bankfull return period will be evaluated using automatic stream monitoring gauges to record daily stream depth readings. The site must experience a minimum of two bankfull events (in separate years) over the seven -year monitoring period. Wetland Hydrology Monitoring Wetland hydrology monitoring will be conducted to determine if the restored wetland areas meet the proposed performance criteria for wetland hydrology. Monitoring will comply with guidance included in Monitoring Requirements and Performance Standards for Stream and/or Wetland Mitigation (NC EEP, November 7, 2011). Verification of wetland hydrology will be determined by automatic recording well data collected within the project area. Automatic recording wells will be established within the wetland restoration areas. Daily data will be collected from automatic wells over the 7 -year monitoring period following implementation. These data will determine if the wetland meets the hydrology success criterion of the water table being within 12 inches of the ground surface continuously for greater than 7.5% of the growing season. Visual monitoring will also be conducted two times per year in each monitoring year as per the NC EEP guidance referenced above. APPENDIX A: HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTOS APPENDIX C: SOIL DATA 6 LI Norman's Pasture NRCS Soils a rt a- s Project Parcels A Sampson County Soil Survey 1:6,000 K C I 1 inch = 500 feet, C.bN" s 500 250 0 500 Sources. NRCS Soil Data Mart, NC Statewide 2010 Orthotmagery. Feet KCI ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROM& PA Client: Project: County: Location: Soil Series: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Norman's Pasture Sampson Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Bibb Soil Classification: AWT: 22" Elevation: SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION Date: April 4, 2012 Project #: 20111232P -CF 06 State: NC Site /Lot: Boring # I Coarse - loamy, siliceous, active, acid, thermic Typic Fluvaquents SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 40 Inches COMMENTS: The Bibb series is a poorly drained soil found on flood plains of streams the coastal plain. The Bibb series is formed in loamy and sandy alluvium. This Bibb series is a hydric soil that is commonly flooded and subject to uneven deposition of overwash. This Bibb soil has very slow runoff and moderate permeability. DESCRIBED BY: 4/4/2012 KCI ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROUNk PA SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Project: Norman's Pasture County: Sampson Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Soil Series: Lumbee Date: April 4, 2012 Project t1: 20111232P-CF 06 State: NC Site /Lot: Borine # 2 Soil Classification: Fine -loamy over sandy or sandy- skeletal, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Endoaquults AWT: 14" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 50 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -3 IOYR3 /1 sl I fgr mvfr cs Al 3 -6 10YR 4/2 I OYR 3/4 fl p sl l f r mvfr cs IOYR 4/4171 f I OYR 3/1 fl f E I 6 -9 IOYR 5/2 IOYR 412c2 Is Icsbk mvfr cw E 2 9 -13 10YR 5/2 Is Icsbk mvfr cw Bt I 13 -19 10YR4 /2 5YR 4/4c2p sl lmsbk mfr gw I OYR 4/4fl f Bt g2 19 -26 IOYR 4/1 scl 1 msbk mfr gi Bt g3 26 -32 1 l OYR 4/1 7.5YR 3/3c2d scl 2msbk I mfr gi 2C l 32-40 I OYR 4/2 s sg ml 2C g2 40-48 10YR 5/2 s S9 ml 2C g3 48 -50 10YR 511 s SP Inl hole caving in COMMENTS: The Lumbee series is a poorly drained soil found on stream terraces, Flats of the middle and lower coastal plain, river valleys. The Lumbee series is formed in Alluvium, Fluviomarine sediments, and marine sediments. This Lumbee series is a hydric soil. This Lumbee soil has negligible runoffand moderate permeability. DESCRIBED BY: 4/4/2012 -146- .MM- - -i� KCI ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAR(M '4& PA SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: April 4, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P-CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site/Lot: Boring # 3 Soil Series: Lumbee Soil Classification: Fine -loamy over sandy or sandy - skeletal siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Endoaquults AWT: 14" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 42 Inches HORIZON DEPTH(It) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -6 I OYR 2/2 2.5YR 3/3c I p I I f r mfr cs Al 6 -8 10YR 4/2 I0YR 3/2c2f Is I msbk mvfr cs I OYR 4/41 f 2.5YR 3/4c I I OYR 5/3c2f Big 1 8 -18 10YR 4/2 2.5YR 3/3 fl p Is -sl Icsbk mfr ew IOYR 5/3c2f Bt g2 18 -30 I OYR 5/2 75YR 5/6c2d A 1 msbk mfr gi 2C I 30-40 l OYR 5/3 l OYR 5/6c2d s sg ml gs 2C -) 40 -42 I OYR 511 s 59 ml hole caving in COMMENTS: The Lumbee series is a poorly drained soil found on stream terraces, flats of the middle and lower coastal plain, river valleys. The Lumbee series is formed in Alluvium, fiuviomarine sediments, and marine sediments. This Lumbee series is a hydric soil. This Lumbee soil has negligible runotFand moderate permeability. .c0 SOIL . DESCRIBED BY: SFS 7 �S40- _ %•� F. 4/4/2012 K C I ASSOCIATES OF SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NM Ii t:AROINNk PA Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: April 4, 2012 Project: Nonnan's Pasture Project #: 20111232P-CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Convallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # 4 Soil Series: Lumbee Soil Classification: Fine -loamy over sandy or sandy - skeletal, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Endoaquults AWT: 22" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 42 inches COMMENTS: The Lumbee series is a poorly drained soil farad on stream terraces, flats of the middle and lower coastal plain, river valleys. The Lumbee series is formed in Alluvium, fluviomarine sediments, and marine sediments. This Lumbee series is a hydric soil. This Lumbee soil has negligible runoffand moderate permeability. j �r4Ri DESCRIBED BY: 4/4/2012 KT ASSOCIATES of SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NORIII CARDIMM& PA Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: April 11, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P -CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # 5 Soil Series: Lumbee Variant Soil Classification: Fine -loamy over sandy or sandy - skeletal, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Endoaquults AWT: 33" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 60 Inches HORIZON DEMI(IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0-4 10YR 3/1 1 I f r mfr gs E 4 -9.5 10YR 513 7.5YR 4/6c2d Ifs Icsbk mfr gw IOYR 5/2c2f Eg 9.5 -15 I OYR 6 /2 7.5YR4 /61`1 d Ifs Icsbk mfr gw Bt 15 -18 25Y 513 7.5YR 4/6c2p sl Icsbk mfr gs IOYR 6 /2c2d Btg 18 -28 10YR 5/2 5/10Ym3p sl Icsbk mfr gs I OYR 513fl f Cg 28 -60 I OYR 5/2 s -Is sg ml COMMENTS: The Lumbee series is a poorly drained soil found on stream terraces, Oats of the middle and lower coastal plain, river valleys. The Lumbee series is formed in Alluvium, fluviomarine sediments, and marine sediments. This Lumbee series is a hydric soil. This Lumbee soil has negligible runotTand moderate penneability. Soil is considered to be a variant since the 4 -9.5 layer consists of a chroma 3 matrix however it still meets hydric soil Indicator F3: Depleted Matrix for Loamy and Clayey soils: Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Region (Version 2.0). DESCRIBED BY: DATE: 4/4/2012 —M—W` KT ASSOCIATES of SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NORTH CAROMNA, PA Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: April 11, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P-CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # 6 Soil Series: Bibb /Lumbee Variant Soil Classification: Coarse - loamy, siliceous, active, acid, thermic Typic Fluvaquents AWT: 12" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 52 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -4 I OYR 2/2 fsl I f r mfr cs A 1 4 -13 IOYR 3/1 5YR 3/4ci p fsi Icc r mfr cw IOYR 4/3c2d A 2 13-18 I OYR 3/2 I OYR 4/3c2d sl I csbk cw 5 YR 3/4c I C141 18 -24 I OYR 3/2 Is I fsbk mfr cw Cg2 24 -28 1 OYR 4/1 I OYR 4/2 Is 1 msbk mfr cw 2C I 28 -42 1 OYR 3/1 7.5YR 3/6c2d sc -scl massive mfi cw 2C g2 42 -48 I OYR 2/1 sc massive m6 cw C 5 48 -52 I OYR 4/2 Is -s sg I ml COMMENTS: The Bibb series is a poorly drained soil found on Rood plains of streams the coastal plain. The Bibb series is formed in loamy and sandy alluvium. This Bibb series is a hydric soil that is commonly Flooded and subject to uneven deposition of overwash. This Bibb soil has very slow ru Variant due to the clay layer in DESCRIBED BY TE: 4/4/2012 mmmw.-i. K C I ASSOCIATES OF SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NORTH CAROLCU, PA Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: April 11, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P -CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # 7 Soil Series: Bibb /Lumbee Variant Soil Classification: Coarse -loamy, siliceous active acid thermic Typic Fluvaquents AWT: 15" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasscs Borings terminated at 54 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -2.5 I OYR 2/2 I I f r mfr cs A I 2.5 -8 10YR 3/2 2.5YR 3/412 fsl 1 mgr mfr cw I OYR 4/2c2d Btg 1 8 -20 I OYR 4/2 7.5YR 4/4c2d sl I csbk mfr cw Btg2 20 -24 10YR 4/1 I OYR 4/3c 1 f scl I 2msbk mfr CAN C 1 24 -30 I OYR 4/1 1 OYR 4/4cl f c massive mill cw Cg2 30 -37 1 OYR 3 /1 c massive mri cw Breaking tolmsbk C 3 37 -42 IOYR 2/I c massive mfi cw C 4 42 -48 l OYR 2/1 1 massive mfr cw Stratified layers with leaves and sand C 5 48 -54 10YR 3/2 s -Is s COMMENTS: The Bibb series is a poorly drained soil found on Flood plains of streams the coastal plain. The Bibb series is formed in loamy and sandy alluvium. This Bibb series is a hydric soil that is commonly flooded and subject to uneven deposition of overwash. This Bibb soil has very slow rur Variant due to the clay layer in DESCRIBED BY: TE: 4/4/2012 KCI ASSOCIATES of SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NOCH CAROLVA& PA Client: KCI Associates ofNorth Carolina, P.A. Date: April 11, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P -CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # S Soil Series: Lumbee "Inclusion" Soil Classification: Fine -loamy over sandy or sandy - skeletal siliceous subactive thermic Typic Endoaquults AWT: 29" SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 56 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -2.5 I OYR 2/2 Isl l f r mfr cs A I 2.5 -9 I OYR 2/2 2. SYR 2.5/3c I p sl I csbk mfr cs Ag2 9 -13 I OYR 4 /2 I OYR 3 /IcIf sl Ice r cw 25YR 3/3c1 p mfr SYR 3/4el Eg 13 -20 10YR5 /2 I0YR6 /2c2f Is (csbk ml cw SYR 3/4cl I OYR 5/3c2f Btg 1 20 -34 I OYR 4/1 SYR 4/6c2p scl 2msbk mfr gi sand lenses cg 1 34 -50 I OYR 3/1 IOYR 4/1 c2d c massive in I gi sand lenses IOYR 4/1 2Cg 50 -56 10YR4 /1 is -s s COMMENTS: The Lumbee series is a poorly drained soil found on stream terraces, Flats of the middle and lower coastal plain. The Lumbee series is formed in Alluvium, tluviomarine sediments, and marine sediments. This Lumbee series is a hydric This Lumbee soil has negligible DESCRIBED BY: 4/4/2012 KCI ASSOCIATES OF NOKBi CAROLINA PA SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Project: Norman's Pasture County: Sampson Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Soil Series: Bibb Date: April 11, 2012 Project #: 20111232P-CF 06 State: NC Site/Lot: Boring # 9 Soil Classification: Coarse -loamy, siliceous active acid thermic Typic Fluvaquents AWT: 26" SAWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 48 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap 0 -2 10YR 2/2 fsl I f r mfr cs A I 2 -5 10YR 3/1 I0YR3 /4clf A Imsbk mfr cs 2.5YR 2.5/3c I A 2 5 -11 1 OYR 3 /1 1 OYR 4 /3flf A Imsbk mfr cs C I 11 -12 10YR 5/3 s S9 I ml cs Cg2 12 -28 I OYR 3/1 7.5YR 4/6c2d Is lcc r ml cw CO 28-48 IOYR 4/2 s sg ml cw C 4 48 -50 I OYR 6/2 s sg hole colla es COMMENTS: The Bibb series is a poorly drained soil found on flood plains of streams the coastal plain. The Bibb series is formed in loamy and sandy alluvium. This Bibb series is a hydric soil that is commonly flooded and subject to uneven deposition of overwash. This Bibb soil has very slow runoff and moderate permeability. DESCRIBED BY: 4/4/2012 KCI ASSOCIATES OF NORM CAROLVA, FA Client: Project: County: Location: Soil Series: SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: May 3, 2012 Norman's Pasture Project #: 20111232P -CP 06 Sampson State: NC Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site /Lot: Boring # 10 Johnston Soil Classification: AWT: 30" Elevation: Coarse -loamy, siliceous active acid thermic Cumilic Humaquepts SHWT: 0 -12" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Drainage: Very Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderately rapid Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 30 Inches COMMENTS: The Johnston series is a very poorly drained soil found on Flood plains and swamps of the lower to upper coastal plain. The Johnston series is formed in alluvium. This Johnston series is a hydric soil that is frequently flooded with an occassional duration for very brief to long periods. This Johnston soil has negligible runofl'and moderate permeability. DESCRIBED BY: 5/3/2012 ROM Could.', ex.,1 due. .,oil moisture COMMENTS: The Johnston series is a very poorly drained soil found on Flood plains and swamps of the lower to upper coastal plain. The Johnston series is formed in alluvium. This Johnston series is a hydric soil that is frequently flooded with an occassional duration for very brief to long periods. This Johnston soil has negligible runofl'and moderate permeability. DESCRIBED BY: 5/3/2012 .MM. --- Wi K C T y ASSOCIATES OF SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION NORTH CAROLLQA PA Client: KCI Associates of North Carolina, P.A. Date: May 3, 2012 Project: Norman's Pasture Project M: 20111232P -CF 06 County: Sampson State: NC Location: Corwallis Road at Stewart's Creek Site/Lot: Boring # 1 I Soil Series: Lynn Haven Variant Soil Classification: Sandy, siliceous thermic TYpic Alaquods AWT: 60" SHWT: 0 -6" Slope: 0 -1% Aspect: Elevation: Drainage: Poorly to Very Poorly Drained Permeability: Moderately rapid or Moderate Vegetation: Pasture Grasses Borings terminated at 60 Inches HORIZON DEPTH (IN) MATRIX MOTTLES TEXTURE STRUCTURE CONSISTENCE BOUNDARY NOTES Ap, 0 -7 1 OYR 2 /1 rsl lm r mfr as Eg 7 -12 10YR 511 s sg ml aw Bhl 12 -I8 I OYR 3 /2 s If r ml gw Bg 18 -28 I OYR 4/2 I OYR 4/1 fl f s I f r ml gw I OYR 4/4c2d B'h 1 28 -36 1 OYR 3/1 s sg ml gw B'h2 36-48 I OYR 3/1 1OYR 6/1 c2d s sg ml gw Cemented horizon I OYR 6/1 colors were sand lenses C-g 48 -60 I OYR 3/1 A massive mfr COMMENTS: The Lynn Haven series is a very poorly drained soil of the middle and lower coastal plain. The Lynn Haven series is formed in sandy marine sediments. This Lynn Haven series is a hydric soil. This Lynn Haven soil is moderately rapid to moderate permeability. The Lynn Haven soils are similar to the Torhunta soils except for the slightly cemented Bh horizons. DESCRIBED BY: SFS DATE: 5/3/2012