HomeMy WebLinkAbout20211069 Ver 1_BP2.R018.1_NRTR_20211213Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Replacement of Bridge No. 730015 on SR 1565 (Grimesland Bridge Rd.) over
Chicod Creek
Pitt County, North Carolina
WBS Element No. BP2.R018.1
THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION 2
November 2021
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
1 November 2021
1.0 Introduction
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge
No. 730015 on State Road (SR) 1565 (Grimesland Bridge Road) over Chicod Creek
(STIP No. BP2.R018.1) in Pitt County, North Carolina (Appendix A, Figures 1 and 2). The
following Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) has been prepared to assist in the
preparation of the appropriate environmental documentation.
2.0 Methodology
All work was conducted in accordance with the NCDOT Environmental Coordination and
Permitting’s (ECAP) Preparing Natural Resources Technical Reports Procedure and the
latest NRTR Template (September 2021). Wetland delineations were performed by the
NCDOT Division 2 Environmental Officer on November 4th, 2020. A general field review
was conducted on May 18, 2021. Water resources identified in the study area have not
been verified by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the North
Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). It is anticipated that the USACE will
cover the potential features associated with this project under a Jurisdictional
Determination (JD). The principal personnel contributing to the field work and document
are provided in Appendix B.
3.0 Terrestrial Communities
Three terrestrial communities were identified in the study area. Appendix A, Figure 3
shows the location and extent of these terrestrial communities. Terrestrial community data
are presented in the context of total coverage of each type within the study area (Table 1).
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) Guide to the Natural
Communities of North Carolina, Fourth Approximation, was used to classify upland
communities within the study area.
Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area
Community Dominant Species (Scientific name) Coverage
(ac.)
Maintained/Disturbed
Buttercup (Ranunculus spp.)
Lyreleaf sage (Salvia lyrata)
White clover (Trifolium repens)
3.9
Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal
Plain Subtype
American elm (Ulmus americana)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
Water oak (Quercus nigra)
0.8
Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Red maple (Acer rubrum)
Water tupelo (Nyssa aquatic)
Pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
1.9
Total 6.6
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
2 November 2021
4.0 Protected Species
4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) list the following federally protected species within
the study area, under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (Table 2). For each species, a
discussion of the presence or absence of habitat is included below along with the Biological
Conclusion rendered based on survey results in the study area.
Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species Within the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Biological
Conclusion
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator T(S/A) Yes Not Required
Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee T No NE
Acipenser oxyrinchus
oxyrinchus Atlantic sturgeon E No NE
Alasmidonta heterodon Dwarf wedgemussel E Yes MA-LAA
Elliptio steinstansana* Tar River spinymussel E Yes MA-LAA
Fusconaia masoni Atlantic Pigtoe PT Yes MA-LAA
Necturus lewisi Neuse River Waterdog T Yes MA-LAA
Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared bat T Yes MA-LAA
E – Endangered; T – Threatened; T(S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
PT – Proposed Threatened
T (S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
MA-NLAA – May Affect – Not Likely to Adversely Affect
MA-LAA – May Affect – Likely to Adversely Affect
NE – No Effect
* - Historic record (the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago)
American alligator
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year-round (only warm days in winter)
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
In North Carolina, alligators have been recorded in nearly every coastal county, and
many inland counties to the fall line. The American alligator remains on the
protected species list due to its similarity in appearance to the Endangered
American crocodile. Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do
not require Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Habitat for American alligator
is present in Chicod Creek within the study area. The riparian system may be deep
enough in several parts of the study area for the alligator to migrate. None were
observed at the time of the field investigation. A review of the March 2021 North
Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known
occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
3 November 2021
West Indian manatee
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
West Indian manatees can be found in canals, sluggish rivers, estuarine habitats,
salt water bays, and off shore. The subject project does not offer suitable habitat for
the West Indian manatee due to its distance from coastal waters. Additionally,
within the study area, the majority of Chicod Creek is densely vegetated and does
not appear to maintain sufficient water depths for the species. A review of the
March 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species
within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Atlantic sturgeon
USFWS/ NMFS Recommended Survey Window: surveys not required; assume presence
in appropriate waters
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Designated Critical Habitat for Atlantic sturgeon is not present within the project
study area, and has been confirmed with the Habitat Conservation Division of
NOAA. Atlantic sturgeon habitat consists of moderately flowing, deep, large rivers
during spawning, and shallow nearshore areas of coastal waters and estuaries when
not spawning. Chicod Creek is not large enough and too slow-moving to support
this species. A review of the March 2021 NCNHP database identified no known
occurrences of Atlantic sturgeon within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Dwarf wedgemussel
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
Dwarf wedgemussels are generalists, and their range of habitats typically include
small streams less than 15 feet wide to large rivers more than 300 feet wide. It is
found in a variety of substrate types including clay, sand, gravel and pebble in
hydraulically stable areas. Dwarf wedgemussel is designated as a “range by basin”
species and this project is within this species’ range. A review of the USFWS
Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC) tool revealed that there is
presence of the Dwarf wedgemussel within project limits. The Department will
adhere to all PBO project-specific requirements as well as all monitoring and
reporting requirements. Payment into the N.C Non-Game Aquatic Species Fund as
set forth in the PBO will be made to satisfy Section 7 of the ESA for this project.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
4 November 2021
Tar River spinymussel
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
Tar River spinymussel is designated as a “range by basin” species and this project
is within this species’ range. A review of the March 2021 NCNHP database
identified historic occurrences (1936) of Tar River spinymussel within 1.0 mile of
the study area. A desktop review using the Identified Stream Reach (ISR) layer
sourced by USFWS was performed, and found the Tar River spinymussel to be
within 2.5 miles downstream of the study area. A review of the USFWS IPaC tool
revealed that there is presence of the Tar River spinymussel found. The Department
will adhere to all PBO project-specific requirements as well as all monitoring and
reporting requirements. Payment into the N.C Non-Game Aquatic Species Fund as
set forth in the PBO will be made to satisfy Section 7 of the ESA for this project.
Atlantic Pigtoe
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: March 1 – November 1
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
A desktop review using the ISR layer sourced by USFWS was performed, and
found the Atlantic Pigtoe to be within 2.5 miles downstream of the study area. A
review of the USFWS IPaC tool revealed that there is presence of the Atlantic
Pigtoe within project limits. The Department will adhere to all PBO project-
specific requirements as well as all monitoring and reporting requirements.
Payment into the N.C Non-Game Aquatic Species Fund as set forth in the PBO will
be made to satisfy Section 7 of the ESA for this project.
Neuse River Waterdog
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: November 15 – March 15
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
A desktop review using the ISR layer sourced by USFWS was performed, and
found the Neuse River Waterdog to be within 2.5 miles downstream of the study
area. A review of the USFS IPaC tool revealed that there is presence of the Neuse
River Waterdog within project limits. The Department will adhere to all PBO
project-specific requirements as well as all monitoring and reporting requirements.
Payment into the N.C Non-Game Aquatic Species Fund as set forth in the PBO will
be made to satisfy Section 7 of the ESA for this project.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
5 November 2021
Northern long-eared bat
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: June 1 – August 15
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
The US Fish and Wildlife Service has revised the previous PBO in conjunction with
the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), USACE, and NCDOT for the
northern long-eared bat (NLEB) (Myotis septentrionalis) in eastern North
Carolina. The PBO covers the entire NCDOT program in Divisions 1-8, including
all NCDOT projects and activities. Although this programmatic covers Divisions
1-8, NLEBs are currently only known in 22 counties, but may potentially occur in
8 additional counties within Divisions 1-8. NCDOT, FHWA, and USACE have
agreed to two conservation measures which will avoid/minimize mortality of
NLEBs. These conservation measures only apply to the 30 current known/potential
counties shown on Figure 2 of the PBO at this time. The programmatic
determination for NLEB for the NCDOT program is May Affect, Likely to
Adversely Affect. The PBO will ensure compliance with Section 7 of the
Endangered Species Act for ten years (effective through December 31, 2030) for
all NCDOT projects with a federal nexus in Divisions 1-8, which includes Pitt
County, where BP2.R018.1 is located.
4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
The bald eagle is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and enforced
by the USFWS. Golden Eagles do not nest in North Carolina. Habitat for the bald eagle
primarily consists of mature forests in proximity to large bodies of open water for foraging.
Large dominant trees are utilized for nesting sites, typically within 1.0 mile of open water.
A desktop-GIS assessment of the study area, as well as the area within a 1.0 mile radius of
the project limits, was performed on March 3, 2021, using the most currently-available
orthoimagery. Water bodies large and sufficiently open enough to be considered potential
feeding sources were not identified. Since foraging habitat was not present within the
review area, a survey of the study area and the area within 660 feet of the project limits
was not required. Additionally, no bald eagle individuals or nests were observed during
the May 18, 2021 field visit. A review of the March 2021 NCNHP database revealed no
known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
4.3 Essential Fish Habitat
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has not designated Essential Fish Habitat
within the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
6 November 2021
5.0 Water Resources
The study area is part of the Tar-Pamlico River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]
Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020103). One potential stream was identified in the study area
(Table 3). The location of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 3. Potential Streams in the Study Area
Stream Name Map
ID
NCDWR
Index
Number
Best Usage
Classification
Bank
Height
(ft.)
Bankfull
width
(ft.)
Depth
(in.)
Chicod Creek Chicod
Creek 28-101 C; NSW 1.5 120 42
There are no Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW), High Quality Waters (HQW), or water
supply watersheds (WS-I or WS-II) within 1.0 mile downstream of the study area. Based
on North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) mapping, WRC has
recommended an in-water work moratorium be put in place between February 15th and
June 30th to protect the migration and spawning of anadromous species. Additionally,
during the Field Scoping Meeting for the project, the North Carolina Department of
Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) did not identify any such waters associated with the
project. The North Carolina 2020 Final 303(d) list of impaired waters identifies no
impaired waters within 1.0 mile downstream of the study area.
One surface water was identified adjacent to the study area, but did not fall within the study
area or project limits.
6.0 Regulatory Considerations
6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S.
One potential jurisdictional stream was identified in the study area (Table 4). The location
of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 4. Characteristics of Potential Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area
Map ID Length
(ft.)
Area
(ac.) Classification
Compensatory
Mitigation
Required
River Basin
Buffer
Chicod Creek 510 1.9 Perennial Yes Subject
One contiguous jurisdictional wetland surrounding Chicod Creek was delineated using four
distinct wetland line segments within the study area (Figure 4). Wetland lines were
delineated to just outside the project footprint and aerially interpreted for the remainder of
the study area. Delineations were performed by the NCDOT Division 2 Environmental
Officer. The locations of the wetlands are shown on Figures 3 and 4. All wetlands within
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
7 November 2021
the study area are within the Tar-Pamlico River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]
Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020103).
Table 5. Characteristics of Potential Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area
Map ID NCWAM
Classification
Hydrologic
Classification Area (ac.)
Chicod Creek
(WA, WB, WC, WD)
Bottomland Hardwood
Forest Riparian 1.9
6.2 Construction Moratoria
The Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC) has recommended an in-water work
moratorium be put in place between February 15th and June 30th to protect the migration
and spawning of anadromous species. Based on coordination with NOAA’s Habitat
Conservation Division, the Atlantic Sturgeon does not justify any additional moratoria.
6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules
This project is located in the Tar-Pamlico River Basin (USGS HUC 03020103). Potential
jurisdictional features within the study area are therefore subject to streamside riparian
zones protected under provisions administered by NCDEQ. Table 4 lists which potential
streams are subject to these rules.
6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters
The USACE has designated 2.0 miles of Chicod Creek as navigable. However, Chicod
Creek within the study area is not within these 2.0 miles and is not considered navigable.
Potential Section 10 jurisdictional areas have not been verified by the USACE. It is
anticipated that the USACE will make a determination if the study area has Section 10
Navigable Waters under a JD.
6.5 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern
There are no designated Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Areas of Environmental
Concern within the study area. Pitt County is not a designated CAMA county.
6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System
There are no designated Coastal Barrier Resource System units within the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
8 November 2021
7.0 References
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries. 2021. Atlantic
sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) species profile.
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/atlantic-sturgeon. (Accessed: June 9,
2021).
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Marine
Fisheries (DMF). Anadromous Fish Spawning Area Maps.
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/afsa-maps.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) - Division of Water
Resources. 2020. Final 2020 North Carolina 303(d) List.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2020/NC_202
0_Category5_303dlist.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2017. Preparing Natural
Resource Technical Reports. Environmental Analysis Unit, Environmental
Coordination and Permitting Group. Version 3.0 (interim). Approved December
1, 2017.
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). 2021. Natural Heritage Data
Explorer [Web Application]. NCDNCR, Raleigh, NC.
http://ncnhde.natureserve.org. (Accessed: May 1, 2021).
Schafale, M.P. 2012. Guide to the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Fourth
Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). Raleigh, North Carolina. 208
pp.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS). 1974. Soil Survey of Pitt County, North Carolina.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2017. Threatened and Endangered
Species in North Carolina: Pitt County. Updated July 17, 2020.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/pitt.html
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Red-cockaded Woodpecker
(Picoides borealis) species profile. http://www.fws.gov/rcwrecovery/rcw.html.
(Accessed: May 1, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Dwarf Wedgemussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_dwarf_wedgemussel.html. (Accessed:
May 1, 2021).
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP BP2.R018.1, Pitt County, N.C.
9 November 2021
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Tar River spinymussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_tar_spinymussel.html. (Accessed: May
1, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Yellow Lance.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/profile/speciesProfile?sId=4511. (Accessed: May 1,
2021).
Appendix A
Figures
!A
Pitt County
Beaufort
County SR-1565SR-1780 Chicod Creekµ300 0 300150 Feet
Legend
Study Area
County Boundary Replacement of Bridge No. 730015 on SR 1565
(Grimesland Bridge Rd.) over Chicod Creek
BP2.R018.1
Pitt County, North Carolina
Project Location Map
Figure 1
µ500 0 500250 Feet
Replacement of Bridge No. 730015 on SR 1565
(Grimesland Bridge Rd.) over Chicod Creek
BP2.R018.1
Pitt County, North Carolina
Topographic Map
Figure 2
Legend
Study Area
SR-1565SR-1780
µ200 0 200100 Feet
Replacement of Bridge No. 730015 on SR 1565
(Grimesland Bridge Rd.) over Chicod Creek
BP2.R018.1
Pitt County, North Carolina
Terrestrial Communities Map
Figure 3
Legend
Study Area
Potential Wetland WOTUS
Potential Non-Wetland WOTUS (Perennial Stream)
Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal Plain Subtype)
Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Maintained/Disturbed
Chicod Creek
SR-1565SR-1780
µ200 0 200100 Feet
Replacement of Bridge No. 730015 on SR 1565
(Grimesland Bridge Rd.) over Chicod Creek
BP2.R018.1
Pitt County, North Carolina
Jurisdictional Features Map
Figure 4
Legend
Study Area
Potential Wetland WOTUS
Potential Non-Wetland WOTUS (Perennial Stream)
Chicod Creek
Appendix B
Qualifications of Contributors
Investigator Jay Johnson
Education: Associates Degree, Recreation and Wildlife Mgt, Hocking
Technical College, 1981
B.S. Environmental Geography, Ohio University, 1991
Experience: Professional Wetland Scientist 1997-Present
Environmental Manager, Outer Banks Contractors 1991-1994
Environmental Consultant, Environmental Professionals Inc. 1994-
1999
Division Environmental Officer, Division 2 NCDOT, 1999-Present
Responsibilities: Wetland and stream delineations, T&E surveys, Permitting and
Compliance, Project Review
Investigator: Ashley Abdel-Hadi
Education: B.S. Biology, University of Central Florida, 2010
M.S. Ecological Restoration, University of Florida, 2017
Experience: Senior Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates,
September 2019-Present
Ecologist/Environmental Scientist, Private Sector, August 2010-
September 2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document review
Investigator: Megan Nicely
Education: B.S. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida,
2015
Experience: Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2019-
Present
Environmental Specialist, Public Sector, August 2017-May2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document preparation
Investigator: John McNulty
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University
Master of Biological and Agricultural Engineering candidate, North
Carolina State University (Anticipated Completion Fall 2022)
Experience: Hydraulics Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, December
2019-Present
Responsibilities: GIS mapping and analyses
Investigator: Andrea Gordon
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, University of Alabama, 2019
Experience: Roadway Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2018-
Present
Responsibilities: Document preparation, NCNHP Data Explorer review
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal
Carteret County, North Carolina
STIP No. BP2.R005.1
WBS Element No. BP.2.R005.1
THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Division 2
November 2021
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
1 November 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................2
2.0 Methodology ................................................................................................................2
3.0 Terrestrial Communities ............................................................................................2
4.0 Protected Species .........................................................................................................3
4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species ...................................................................... 3
4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act ............................................................................. 9
4.3 Essential Fish Habitat ......................................................................................................... 9
5.0 Water Resources .......................................................................................................10
6.0 Regulatory Considerations .......................................................................................11
6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. ............................................................................... 11
6.2 Construction Moratoria ................................................................................................... 11
6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules ......................................................................................... 11
6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters .................................................. 12
6.5 Coastal Area Management Areas of Environmental Concern ..................................... 12
6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System .................................................................................... 12
7.0 References ..................................................................................................................13
APPENDICES
Appendix A Figures
Figure 1. Project Location Map
Figure 2. Topographic Map
Figure 3. Terrestrial Communities Map
Figure 4. Jurisdictional Features Map
Appendix B Qualifications of Contributors
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area...............................2
Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species Listed for Carteret County .......................3
Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area ......................10
Table 4. Streams in the Study Area ...............................................................................10
Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area .......................11
Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area.....................11
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
2 November 2021
1.0 Introduction
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge
No. 150057 on State Road (SR) 1391 (Ball Farm Road) over Harlowe Creek (STIP No.
BP.2.R005.1) in Carteret County, North Carolina (Appendix A, Figures 1 and 2). The
following Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) has been prepared to assist in the
preparation of a document for the purposes of the National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA) or the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA).
2.0 Methodology
All work was conducted in accordance with the NCDOT Environmental Coordination and
Permitting’s (ECAP) Preparing Natural Resources Technical Reports Procedure (NCDOT
2017) and the latest NRTR Template (November 2017). Wetland delineations were
performed by the NCDOT Division 2 Environmental Officer. A general field review was
conducted on May 18, 2021. Jurisdictional areas identified in the study area have not been
verified by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the North Carolina
Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). The principal personnel contributing to the field
work and document are provided in Appendix B.
3.0 Terrestrial Communities
Three terrestrial communities were identified in the study area. Figure 3 shows the location
and extent of these terrestrial communities. Terrestrial community data are presented in
the context of total coverage of each type within the study area (Table 1).
Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area
Community Dominant Species (Scientific name) Coverage
(ac.)
Maintained/Disturbed
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
Water Hickory (Carya aquatica.)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
5.7
Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal
Plain Subtype)
Privet (Ligustrum spp.)
American elm (Ulmus americana)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
1.3
Salt/Brackish Marsh Giant Cane (Arundinaria gigantea) <0.01
Total 7.0
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
3 November 2021
4.0 Protected Species
4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)list the following federally protected species within
the study area, under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (Table 2). For each species, a
discussion of the presence or absence of habitat is included below along with the Biological
Conclusion rendered based on survey results in the study area.
Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species within the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Biological
Conclusion
Acipenser oxyrinchus
oxyrinchus Atlantic sturgeon E No NE
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator T(S/A) Yes Not Required
Laterallus jamaicensis Eastern black rail T No NE
Chelonia myadas Green sea turtle T No NE
Lepidochelys kempii Kemp’s (Atlantic) ridley
sea turtle E No NE
Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle E No NE
Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle T No NE
Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared bat T Yes MA-LAA
Charadrius melodus Piping plover T No NE
Picoides borealis Red-cockaded
woodpecker E No NE
Calidris canutus rufa Rufa red knot T No NE
Sterna dougallii dougallii Roseate tern E No NE
Acipenser brevirostrum Shortnose sturgeon E No NE
Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee T Yes MA-NLAA
Lysimachia asperulaefolia Rough-leaved loosestrife E No NE
Amaranthus pumilus Seabeach amaranth T No NE
E – Endangered; T – Threatened; T(S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
T (S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
MA-NLAA – May Affect – Not Likely to Adversely Affect
MA-LAA – May Affect – Likely to Adversely Affect
NE – No Effect
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
4 November 2021
Atlantic sturgeon
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence
in appropriate waters
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The Atlantic sturgeon is a large fish that occurs in major river systems along the
eastern seaboard of the United States. It is an anadromous species that migrates to
moderately-moving freshwater areas to spawn in the spring; in some southern rivers
a fall spawning migration may also occur. Spawning occurs in moderately flowing
water in deep parts of large rivers, usually on hard surfaces (e.g., cobble). The
subject project is not within anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide
potential habitat for the shortnose sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal
and limited to the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A
review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences
of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Coordination with North Carolina
Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource
Commission (NCWRC) concluded there is no need for a moratoria related to this
species.
American alligator
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year-round (only warm days in winter)
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
In North Carolina, alligators have been recorded in nearly every coastal county, and
many inland counties to the fall line. The alligator is found in rivers, streams,
canals, lakes, swamps, and coastal marshes. Adult animals are highly tolerant of
salt water, but the young are more sensitive, with salinities greater than 5 parts per
thousand considered harmful. The American alligator remains on the protected
species list due to its similarity in appearance to the Endangered American
crocodile. Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do not require
Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Habitat for American alligator is present
in Harlowe Canal within the study area. The riparian system may be deep enough
in several parts of the study area for the alligator to migrate. None were observed
at the time of the field investigation. A review of the November 2021 North
Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known
occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Black rail
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: April - June
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The black rail is typically found in saltwater and brackish marshes with dense cover
but can also be found in adjacent upland areas. Though the project contains a small
saltwater and brackish marsh area, this wetland is not of sufficient size and is too
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
5 November 2021
sparsely vegetated to adequately support the life history and ecology of the black
rail. A review of the November 2021 North Carolina National Heritage Program
(NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
Green sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Green sea turtles inhabit temperate and tropical oceans and can be found in lagoons,
reefs, bays, mangrove swamps, and inlets where marine grasses are present for
foraging. Green sea turtles are not known to nest in North Carolina. The subject
project does not contain preferred habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of
the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this
species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Kemp’s ridley sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Kemp’s ridley sea turtles prefer neritic areas of the ocean with sandy or muddy
bottoms. While infrequent, Kemp’s ridley sea turtle nests haven been confirmed in
North Carolina and sightings for this species exist for most coastal counties. This
species prefers beach sections with a well-defined dune area, that back up to
swamps or other large bodies of open water. The subject project does not contain
preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review
of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this
species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Leatherback sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Leatherback sea turtles inhabit tropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian
oceans. They are typically found offshore in the open ocean; however, in northern
waters they have been documented in bays, estuaries and other inland bodies of
water. While infrequent, leatherback sea turtle nests have been confirmed in North
Carolina. They typically nest on sandy beaches backed with vegetation in proximity
to relatively deep waters. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat or
potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
6 November 2021
Loggerhead sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Loggerhead sea turtles inhabit the open ocean and can be found offshore in
deepwater areas or nearshore in neritic area such as bays, lagoons, salt marshes,
creeks, ship channels, and the mouth of large rivers. Loggerhead sea turtles are
known to occasionally nest on the sandy beaches of the North Carolina coast. The
subject project does not contain preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the
species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified
no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Northern long-eared bat
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: June 1 – August 15
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
The US Fish and Wildlife Service has revised the previous programmatic biological
opinion (PBO) in conjunction with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA),
the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and NCDOT for the northern long-
eared bat (NLEB) (Myotis septentrionalis) in eastern North Carolina. The PBO
covers the entire NCDOT program in Divisions 1-8, including all NCDOT projects
and activities. Although this programmatic covers Divisions 1-8, NLEBs are
currently only known in 22 counties, but may potentially occur in 8 additional
counties within Divisions 1-8. NCDOT, FHWA, and USACE have agreed to two
conservation measures which will avoid/minimize mortality of NLEBs. These
conservation measures only apply to the 30 current known/potential counties shown
on Figure 2 of the PBO at this time. The programmatic determination for NLEB
for the NCDOT program is May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect. The PBO
will ensure compliance with Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act for ten years
(effective through December 31, 2030) for all NCDOT projects with a federal nexus
in Divisions 1-8, which includes Carteret County, where the proposed project,
BP2.R005.1, is located.
Piping plover
USFWS optimal survey window: year round
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Piping plovers breed and winter in North Carolina. Suitable breeding and wintering
habitat includes unvegetated coastal sandy beaches and sand and/or mudflats with
little to no emergent vegetation. Suitable nesting (coastal sandy beach) or breeding
habitat for the piping plover does not exist in the study area. The project study area
is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database
identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
7 November 2021
Red-cockaded woodpecker
USFWS optimal survey window: year-round; November – early March (optimal)
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) typically occupies open, mature stands of
southern pines, particularly longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), for foraging and
nesting/roosting habitat. The RCW excavates cavities for nesting and roosting in
living pine trees, aged 60 years or older, which are contiguous with pine stands at
least 30 years of age to provide foraging habitat. The project study area is
predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Mature loblolly pines are scattered throughout the study area;
however, the understory within the forested area is too dense and does not provide
suitable nesting or foraging habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of the
November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database
identified no known occurrences of the RCW within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Rufa red knot
USFWS optimal survey window: Year Round
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Red knots are known to winter in North Carolina and to stop over during migration.
Red knots are typically found along sandy, ravel, or cobble beaches, tidal mudflats,
salt marshes, shallow coastal impoundments and lagoons, and peat banks. Suitable
habitat for the red knot does not exist in the study area. The project study area is
predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of
this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Roseate tern
USFWS optimal survey window: June – August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
In North Carolina, the roseate tern is most commonly found on barrier islands as it
travels through the area to and from breeding grounds. Suitable habitat for the
roseate tern does not exist in the study area. The project study area is predominantly
comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas.
Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within
1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
8 November 2021
Shortnose sturgeon
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence
in appropriate waters
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Shortnose sturgeon prefer near shore marine, estuarine, and riverine habitat of large
river systems. It is an anadromomous species that migrates to faster moving
freshwater areas to spawn in the spring. The subject project is not within
anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide potential habitat for the shortnose
sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal and limited to the installation of
rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area. Coordination with NCDMF and NCWRC concluded there is no
need for a moratoria related to this species.
West Indian manatee
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Not Likely to Adversely Affect
West Indian manatees are found in canals, sluggish rivers, estuarine habitats, salt
water bays, and off shore up to 3.7 miles out. They utilize freshwater and marine
habitats with depths ranging from 5 feet to 20 feet. Additionally, they require a
source of freshwater and aquatic vegetation. The subject project offers suitable
habitat for the West Indian manatee within the canal. In-water work is limited to
the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. The proposed
project will not impact the existing behavior or movement of manatees utilizing the
canal. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified
no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. The
NCDOT will follow the USFWS Guidelines for Avoiding Impacts to the West
Indian Manatee, Precautionary Measures for Construction Activities in North
Carolina Waters.
Rough-leaved loosestrife
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: mid May – June
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Rough-leaved loosestrife generally occurs in the ecotones between longleaf pine
uplands and pond pine pocosins in dense shrub and vine growth on moist to
seasonally saturated sands and on shallow organic soils overlying sand. This
species has been documented in disturbed habitats such as roadside depressions,
utility right-of-way, firebreaks, and trails. No preferred habitat for the species was
identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database
identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
9 November 2021
Seabeach Amaranth
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: July – October
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Seabeach amaranth occurs on barrier island beaches where its primary habitat
consists of overwash flats at accreting ends of islands, lower foredunes, and upper
strands of noneroding beaches (landward of the wrack line). No preferred habitat
for the species was identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
The bald eagle is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and enforced
by the USFWS. Habitat for the bald eagle primarily consists of mature forests in proximity
to large bodies of open water for foraging. Large dominant trees are utilized for nesting
sites, typically within 1.0 mile of open water.
A desktop-GIS assessment of the study area, as well as the area within a 1.0 mile radius of
the project limits, was performed on March 2, 2021, using the most currently-available
orthoimagery. Water bodies large and sufficiently open enough to be considered potential
feeding sources were not identified. Since foraging habitat was not present within the
review area, a survey of the study area and the area within 660 feet of the project limits
was not required. Additionally, no bald eagle individuals or nests were observed during
the May 18, 2021 field visit. A review of the October 2021 NCNHP database revealed no
known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
4.3 Essential Fish Habitat
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has identified Harlowe Creek/Harlowe
Canal as an Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). The NMFS online EFH mapper was used to
determine which species has designated EFH within the study area. According to the
NMFS EFH online mapper, there are three species that have mapped EFH within the study
area and six species that have the potential to occur where EFH spatial data does not exist.
For these six species, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (SAFMC)
descriptions of EFH by life stage was used to determine if their EFH is present in the study
area (SAFMC 2016). Based on the NMFS EFH mapper and SAMFC EFH descriptions, it
was determined that the study area contains EFH for the various life cycle stages of six
species. Table 3 lists the fish species that may occur in the study area that are managed by
the NMFS, including the life stages which are reported to occur.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
10 November 2021
Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area
Species Life Stage
Bluefish Juvenile
Atlantic butterfish Adult
Summer flounder Larva, Juvenile, Adult
White shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Brown shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Pink shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Permanent impacts resulting from the proposed bridge replacement over Harlowe Canal
will be limited to approximately 100 square feet from rip-rap and pile placement.
Additionally, EFH may be temporarily impacted during removal of the existing pilings and
from increased turbidity during construction operations. The NCDOT will install turbidity
barriers around all in-water operations to reduce potential turbidity impacts. Due to the
relatively minor impacts to EFH within its local surroundings, the proposed project will
not have significant permanent impacts on EFH. As a result, it is anticipated that no
managed species or life cycle stages of managed species will be significantly impacted.
5.0 Water Resources
The study area is part of the White Oak River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]
Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020301) and the Neuse River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey
[USGS] Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020406). One potential stream was identified in the
study area (Table 4). The location of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 4. Streams in the Study Area
Stream Name Map ID
NCDWR
Index
Number
Best Usage
Classification
Bank
Height
(ft.)
Bankfull
width
(ft.)
Depth
(in.)
Harlowe Creek Harlowe
Canal 21-22-1 SA; HQW 2 70 66
The Harlowe Creek is channelized into a canal north of SR 101. Harlowe Canal is classified
as Shellfish Waters (SA) and High Quality Waters (HQW). There are no Outstanding
Resource Waters (ORW) or water supply watersheds (WS-I or WS-II) within 1.0 mile
downstream of the study area. Based on North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries
(NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission (NCWRC) coordination, no
designated anadromous fish waters are within the project study area. Additionally, during
the Field Scoping Meeting, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
(NCDEQ) did not identify any such waters associated with the project. The North Carolina
2020 Final 303(d) list of impaired waters identifies Harlowe Canal (21-22-1) as impaired
for fecal coliform. Additionally, impaired waters are within 1.0 mile downstream of the
study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
11 November 2021
No potential surface waters (i.e., ponds, tributaries, or basins) were identified within the
study area.
6.0 Regulatory Considerations
6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S.
One jurisdictional stream was identified in the study area (Table 5). The location of this
stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4. Final mitigation requirements will be determined in
coordination with the USACE and NCDWR after a site visit is conducted.
Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area
Map ID Length
(ft.)
Area
(ac.) Classification
Compensatory
Mitigation
Required
River
Basin
Buffer
Harlowe
Canal 403 0.5 Perennial Yes Not
Subject
One jurisdictional wetland was identified and delineated along the bank of Harlowe Canal
within the study area (Table 5). The location of the wetland is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area
Map ID NCWAM
Classification
Hydrologic
Classification Area (ac.)
WA Salt/Brackish Marsh Riparian <0.01
6.2 Construction Moratoria
The NCDEQ identified streams in the study area as an important marine fishery area
(saltwater shell fishing) during the January 21, 2021 Field Scoping Meeting. Additionally,
waters downstream of the project area are primary nursery areas. Therefore, a mandatory
no ground disturbing activities construction moratorium is required from April 1 to
September 30. Coordination with NCWRC resulted in the same determination as
mentioned above.
6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules
This project is located in the White Oak River Basin (USGS HUC 03020301).
Jurisdictional features at the project site are therefore not subject to streamside riparian
zones protected under provisions administered by the NCDEQ – Division of Water
Resources (NCDWR). Within the study area, outside of the project limits, a portion of
Harlowe Canal is located in the Neuse River Basin (USGS HUC 03020406); however, as
discussed at the Field Scoping Meeting with Garcy Ward present (held on January 21,
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
12 November 2021
2021), the design will consider only the buffer requirements of the White Oak River Basin
(not subject). Table 4 lists which streams are subject to these rules within the project area.
6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters
The USACE has designated Harlowe Canal (Creek) as Navigable Waters under Section 10
of the Rivers and Harbors Act.
6.5 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern
There was 1 Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Areas of Environmental Concern
(AEC) identified in the study area. Harlowe Canal is a designated Public Trust Water, and
a CAMA coastal marsh is present at wetland site WA (Figure 3).
6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System
There are no designated Coastal Barrier Resource System units within the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
13 November 2021
7.0 References
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries. Essential Fish
Habitat Mapper https://www.habitat.noaa.gov/apps/efhmapper/. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Species List.
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/find-species. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
NatureServe. 2017. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web
application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available
https://explorer.natureserve.org/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
Water Quality Assessment and Impaired Waters List 2020 Final 303(d) list.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2020/NC_2020
_Category5_303dlist.pdf
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
Methodology for Identification of Intermittent and Perennial Streams and Their
Origins.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/401
/Policies_Guides_Manuals/StreamID_v_4point11_Final_sept_01_2010.pdf
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
2010. N.C. Wetland Assessment Method (NCWAM) User Manual. Prepared by
the N.C. Wetland Functional Assessment Team.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/PD
U/NC%20WAM/NCWAM%20Users%20Manual%20and%20appendices%20v4.
1.pdf
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Marine
Fisheries (DMF). 2018. Anadromous Fish Spawning Area Maps.
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/afsa-maps.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Water
Resources. 2018. Final 2018 North Carolina 303(d) List.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2018/2018-
NC-303-d--List-Final.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2021. Preparing Natural
Resource Technical Reports. Environmental Analysis Unit, Environmental
Coordination and Permitting Group. Version 3.0 (interim). Approved December
1, 2017.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
14 November 2021
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). 2021. Natural Heritage Data
Explorer [Web Application]. NCDNCR, Raleigh, NC.
http://ncnhde.natureserve.org. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
Schafale, M.P. 2012. Guide to the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Fourth
Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). Raleigh, North Carolina. 208
pp.
South Atlantic Fishery Management Countil (SAMFC). 2016. Habitat Associations by
Life Stage. https://safmc.net/download/Habitat_Associations_by_life_stage_
Dec20161.pdf (Accessed November 29, 2021)
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands
Delineation Manual. U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, MS. Technical Report Y-87-1. 169 pp.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2010. Regional Supplement to the
Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plain
Region (Version 2.0) (ERDC/EL TR-10-20).
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS). 1974. Soil Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2003. Recovery plan for the Red-
cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) Second Revision. Atlanta, Georgia.
316 pp.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2017. Piping Plover Fact Sheet.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_piplch.html. (Accessed: November 29,
2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Dwarf Wedgemussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_dwarf_wedgemussel.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Eastern black rail.
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/birds/eastern-black-rail/. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Northern long-eared bat
(Myotis septentrionalis).
https://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/mammals/nleb. (Accessed: November
29, 2021).
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
15 November 2021
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Programmatic Biological
Opinion for NCDOT Program Effects on the Northern Long-eared Bat in
Divisions 1-8. https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Environmental/EAU/BSG/
Documents/NLEB%20Programmatic/PBO%20for%20NLEB%20in%20Divisions
%201-8%2020210101.pdf.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Red-cockaded Woodpecker
(Picoides borealis) species profile. http://www.fws.gov/rcwrecovery/rcw.html.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Roseate tern (Sterna dougallii
dougallii). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pdfs/FS_Roseate%20tern.pdf.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Rough leaf loosestrife
(Lysimachia asperulaefolia). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_rough-
leaf_loosestrife.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Seabeach amaranth
(Amaranthus pumilus).
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_seabeach_amaranth.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Tar River spinymussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_tar_spinymussel.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Information for Planning and
Consultation (IPaC), Online Mapper. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/location/index
(Accessed: November 29, 2021)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. West Indian manatee
(Trichechus manatus). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_manatee.html.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Rufa red knot (Calidris
canutus rufa). https://fws.gov/northeast/red-knot. (Accessed: November 29,
2021).
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 2021. Quad Map download.
https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/#/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021)
Appendix A
Figures
Appendix B
Qualifications of Contributors
Investigator Jay Johnson
Education: Associates Degree, Recreation and Wildlife Mgt, Hocking
Technical College, 1981
B.S. Environmental Geography, Ohio University, 1991
Experience: Professional Wetland Scientist 1997-Present
Environmental Manager, Outer Banks Contractors 1991-1994
Environmental Consultant, Environmental Professionals Inc. 1994-
1999
Division Environmental Officer, Division 2 NCDOT, 1999-Present
Responsibilities: Wetland and stream delineations, T&E surveys, Permitting and
Compliance, Project Review
Investigator: Ashley Abdel-Hadi
Education: B.S. Biology, University of Central Florida, 2010
M.S. Ecological Restoration, University of Florida, 2017
Experience: Senior Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates,
September 2019-Present
Ecologist/Environmental Scientist, Private Sector, August 2010-
September 2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document review
Investigator: Megan Nicely
Education: B.S. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida,
2015
Experience: Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2019-
Present
Environmental Specialist, Public Sector, August 2017-May2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document preparation
Investigator: John McNulty
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University
Master of Biological and Agricultural Engineering candidate, North
Carolina State University (Anticipated Completion Fall 2022)
Experience: Hydraulics Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, December
2019-Present
Responsibilities: GIS mapping and analyses
Investigator: Andrea Gordon
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, University of Alabama, 2019
Experience: Roadway Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2018-
Present
Responsibilities: Document preparation, NCNHP Data Explorer review
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Replacement of Bridge No. 150057 on SR 1391 (Ball Farm Rd.) over Harlowe Canal
Carteret County, North Carolina
STIP No. BP2.R005.1
WBS Element No. BP.2.R005.1
THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Division 2
November 2021
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
1 November 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................2
2.0 Methodology ................................................................................................................2
3.0 Terrestrial Communities ............................................................................................2
4.0 Protected Species .........................................................................................................3
4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species ...................................................................... 3
4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act ............................................................................. 9
4.3 Essential Fish Habitat ......................................................................................................... 9
5.0 Water Resources .......................................................................................................10
6.0 Regulatory Considerations .......................................................................................11
6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. ............................................................................... 11
6.2 Construction Moratoria ................................................................................................... 11
6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules ......................................................................................... 11
6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters .................................................. 12
6.5 Coastal Area Management Areas of Environmental Concern ..................................... 12
6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System .................................................................................... 12
7.0 References ..................................................................................................................13
APPENDICES
Appendix A Figures
Figure 1. Project Location Map
Figure 2. Topographic Map
Figure 3. Terrestrial Communities Map
Figure 4. Jurisdictional Features Map
Appendix B Qualifications of Contributors
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area...............................2
Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species Listed for Carteret County .......................3
Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area ......................10
Table 4. Streams in the Study Area ...............................................................................10
Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area .......................11
Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area.....................11
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
2 November 2021
1.0 Introduction
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace Bridge
No. 150057 on State Road (SR) 1391 (Ball Farm Road) over Harlowe Creek (STIP No.
BP.2.R005.1) in Carteret County, North Carolina (Appendix A, Figures 1 and 2). The
following Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) has been prepared to assist in the
preparation of a document for the purposes of the National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA) or the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA).
2.0 Methodology
All work was conducted in accordance with the NCDOT Environmental Coordination and
Permitting’s (ECAP) Preparing Natural Resources Technical Reports Procedure (NCDOT
2017) and the latest NRTR Template (November 2017). Wetland delineations were
performed by the NCDOT Division 2 Environmental Officer. A general field review was
conducted on May 18, 2021. Jurisdictional areas identified in the study area have not been
verified by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the North Carolina
Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). The principal personnel contributing to the field
work and document are provided in Appendix B.
3.0 Terrestrial Communities
Three terrestrial communities were identified in the study area. Figure 3 shows the location
and extent of these terrestrial communities. Terrestrial community data are presented in
the context of total coverage of each type within the study area (Table 1).
Table 1. Coverage of Terrestrial Communities in the Study Area
Community Dominant Species (Scientific name) Coverage
(ac.)
Maintained/Disturbed
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
Water Hickory (Carya aquatica.)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
5.7
Basic Mesic Forest (Coastal
Plain Subtype)
Privet (Ligustrum spp.)
American elm (Ulmus americana)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
1.3
Salt/Brackish Marsh Giant Cane (Arundinaria gigantea) <0.01
Total 7.0
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
3 November 2021
4.0 Protected Species
4.1 Endangered Species Act Protected Species
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)list the following federally protected species within
the study area, under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (Table 2). For each species, a
discussion of the presence or absence of habitat is included below along with the Biological
Conclusion rendered based on survey results in the study area.
Table 2. ESA Federally Protected Species within the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Biological
Conclusion
Acipenser oxyrinchus
oxyrinchus Atlantic sturgeon E No NE
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator T(S/A) Yes Not Required
Laterallus jamaicensis Eastern black rail T No NE
Chelonia myadas Green sea turtle T No NE
Lepidochelys kempii Kemp’s (Atlantic) ridley
sea turtle E No NE
Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle E No NE
Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle T No NE
Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared bat T Yes MA-LAA
Charadrius melodus Piping plover T No NE
Picoides borealis Red-cockaded
woodpecker E No NE
Calidris canutus rufa Rufa red knot T No NE
Sterna dougallii dougallii Roseate tern E No NE
Acipenser brevirostrum Shortnose sturgeon E No NE
Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee T Yes MA-NLAA
Lysimachia asperulaefolia Rough-leaved loosestrife E No NE
Amaranthus pumilus Seabeach amaranth T No NE
E – Endangered; T – Threatened; T(S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
T (S/A) – Threatened due to similarity of appearance
MA-NLAA – May Affect – Not Likely to Adversely Affect
MA-LAA – May Affect – Likely to Adversely Affect
NE – No Effect
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
4 November 2021
Atlantic sturgeon
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence
in appropriate waters
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The Atlantic sturgeon is a large fish that occurs in major river systems along the
eastern seaboard of the United States. It is an anadromous species that migrates to
moderately-moving freshwater areas to spawn in the spring; in some southern rivers
a fall spawning migration may also occur. Spawning occurs in moderately flowing
water in deep parts of large rivers, usually on hard surfaces (e.g., cobble). The
subject project is not within anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide
potential habitat for the shortnose sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal
and limited to the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A
review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences
of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. Coordination with North Carolina
Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource
Commission (NCWRC) concluded there is no need for a moratoria related to this
species.
American alligator
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year-round (only warm days in winter)
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
In North Carolina, alligators have been recorded in nearly every coastal county, and
many inland counties to the fall line. The alligator is found in rivers, streams,
canals, lakes, swamps, and coastal marshes. Adult animals are highly tolerant of
salt water, but the young are more sensitive, with salinities greater than 5 parts per
thousand considered harmful. The American alligator remains on the protected
species list due to its similarity in appearance to the Endangered American
crocodile. Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do not require
Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Habitat for American alligator is present
in Harlowe Canal within the study area. The riparian system may be deep enough
in several parts of the study area for the alligator to migrate. None were observed
at the time of the field investigation. A review of the November 2021 North
Carolina National Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known
occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Black rail
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: April - June
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The black rail is typically found in saltwater and brackish marshes with dense cover
but can also be found in adjacent upland areas. Though the project contains a small
saltwater and brackish marsh area, this wetland is not of sufficient size and is too
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
5 November 2021
sparsely vegetated to adequately support the life history and ecology of the black
rail. A review of the November 2021 North Carolina National Heritage Program
(NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
Green sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Green sea turtles inhabit temperate and tropical oceans and can be found in lagoons,
reefs, bays, mangrove swamps, and inlets where marine grasses are present for
foraging. Green sea turtles are not known to nest in North Carolina. The subject
project does not contain preferred habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of
the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this
species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Kemp’s ridley sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Kemp’s ridley sea turtles prefer neritic areas of the ocean with sandy or muddy
bottoms. While infrequent, Kemp’s ridley sea turtle nests haven been confirmed in
North Carolina and sightings for this species exist for most coastal counties. This
species prefers beach sections with a well-defined dune area, that back up to
swamps or other large bodies of open water. The subject project does not contain
preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review
of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this
species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Leatherback sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Leatherback sea turtles inhabit tropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian
oceans. They are typically found offshore in the open ocean; however, in northern
waters they have been documented in bays, estuaries and other inland bodies of
water. While infrequent, leatherback sea turtle nests have been confirmed in North
Carolina. They typically nest on sandy beaches backed with vegetation in proximity
to relatively deep waters. The subject project does not contain preferred habitat or
potential nesting areas for the species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
6 November 2021
Loggerhead sea turtle
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: April - August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Loggerhead sea turtles inhabit the open ocean and can be found offshore in
deepwater areas or nearshore in neritic area such as bays, lagoons, salt marshes,
creeks, ship channels, and the mouth of large rivers. Loggerhead sea turtles are
known to occasionally nest on the sandy beaches of the North Carolina coast. The
subject project does not contain preferred habitat or potential nesting areas for the
species. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified
no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Northern long-eared bat
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: June 1 – August 15
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect
The US Fish and Wildlife Service has revised the previous programmatic biological
opinion (PBO) in conjunction with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA),
the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and NCDOT for the northern long-
eared bat (NLEB) (Myotis septentrionalis) in eastern North Carolina. The PBO
covers the entire NCDOT program in Divisions 1-8, including all NCDOT projects
and activities. Although this programmatic covers Divisions 1-8, NLEBs are
currently only known in 22 counties, but may potentially occur in 8 additional
counties within Divisions 1-8. NCDOT, FHWA, and USACE have agreed to two
conservation measures which will avoid/minimize mortality of NLEBs. These
conservation measures only apply to the 30 current known/potential counties shown
on Figure 2 of the PBO at this time. The programmatic determination for NLEB
for the NCDOT program is May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect. The PBO
will ensure compliance with Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act for ten years
(effective through December 31, 2030) for all NCDOT projects with a federal nexus
in Divisions 1-8, which includes Carteret County, where the proposed project,
BP2.R005.1, is located.
Piping plover
USFWS optimal survey window: year round
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Piping plovers breed and winter in North Carolina. Suitable breeding and wintering
habitat includes unvegetated coastal sandy beaches and sand and/or mudflats with
little to no emergent vegetation. Suitable nesting (coastal sandy beach) or breeding
habitat for the piping plover does not exist in the study area. The project study area
is predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database
identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
7 November 2021
Red-cockaded woodpecker
USFWS optimal survey window: year-round; November – early March (optimal)
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) typically occupies open, mature stands of
southern pines, particularly longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), for foraging and
nesting/roosting habitat. The RCW excavates cavities for nesting and roosting in
living pine trees, aged 60 years or older, which are contiguous with pine stands at
least 30 years of age to provide foraging habitat. The project study area is
predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Mature loblolly pines are scattered throughout the study area;
however, the understory within the forested area is too dense and does not provide
suitable nesting or foraging habitat for the species. Additionally, a review of the
November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database
identified no known occurrences of the RCW within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Rufa red knot
USFWS optimal survey window: Year Round
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Red knots are known to winter in North Carolina and to stop over during migration.
Red knots are typically found along sandy, ravel, or cobble beaches, tidal mudflats,
salt marshes, shallow coastal impoundments and lagoons, and peat banks. Suitable
habitat for the red knot does not exist in the study area. The project study area is
predominantly comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic
forested areas. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of
this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Roseate tern
USFWS optimal survey window: June – August
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
In North Carolina, the roseate tern is most commonly found on barrier islands as it
travels through the area to and from breeding grounds. Suitable habitat for the
roseate tern does not exist in the study area. The project study area is predominantly
comprised of maintained/disturbed habitat or coastal plain mesic forested areas.
Additionally, a review of the November 2021 North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NCNHP) database identified no known occurrences of this species within
1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
8 November 2021
Shortnose sturgeon
USFWS/NMFS Recommended Survey Window: Survey not required; assume presence
in appropriate waters
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Shortnose sturgeon prefer near shore marine, estuarine, and riverine habitat of large
river systems. It is an anadromomous species that migrates to faster moving
freshwater areas to spawn in the spring. The subject project is not within
anadromous waters, therefore it does not provide potential habitat for the shortnose
sturgeon. Additionally, impacts will be minimal and limited to the installation of
rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. A review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area. Coordination with NCDMF and NCWRC concluded there is no
need for a moratoria related to this species.
West Indian manatee
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: year round
Biological Conclusion: May Affect, Not Likely to Adversely Affect
West Indian manatees are found in canals, sluggish rivers, estuarine habitats, salt
water bays, and off shore up to 3.7 miles out. They utilize freshwater and marine
habitats with depths ranging from 5 feet to 20 feet. Additionally, they require a
source of freshwater and aquatic vegetation. The subject project offers suitable
habitat for the West Indian manatee within the canal. In-water work is limited to
the installation of rip-rap, piling removal and piling installation. The proposed
project will not impact the existing behavior or movement of manatees utilizing the
canal. Additionally, a review of the November 2021 NCNHP database identified
no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area. The
NCDOT will follow the USFWS Guidelines for Avoiding Impacts to the West
Indian Manatee, Precautionary Measures for Construction Activities in North
Carolina Waters.
Rough-leaved loosestrife
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: mid May – June
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Rough-leaved loosestrife generally occurs in the ecotones between longleaf pine
uplands and pond pine pocosins in dense shrub and vine growth on moist to
seasonally saturated sands and on shallow organic soils overlying sand. This
species has been documented in disturbed habitats such as roadside depressions,
utility right-of-way, firebreaks, and trails. No preferred habitat for the species was
identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021 NCNHP database
identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
9 November 2021
Seabeach Amaranth
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: July – October
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Seabeach amaranth occurs on barrier island beaches where its primary habitat
consists of overwash flats at accreting ends of islands, lower foredunes, and upper
strands of noneroding beaches (landward of the wrack line). No preferred habitat
for the species was identified within the study area. A review of the November 2021
NCNHP database identified no known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile
of the study area.
4.2 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
The bald eagle is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and enforced
by the USFWS. Habitat for the bald eagle primarily consists of mature forests in proximity
to large bodies of open water for foraging. Large dominant trees are utilized for nesting
sites, typically within 1.0 mile of open water.
A desktop-GIS assessment of the study area, as well as the area within a 1.0 mile radius of
the project limits, was performed on March 2, 2021, using the most currently-available
orthoimagery. Water bodies large and sufficiently open enough to be considered potential
feeding sources were not identified. Since foraging habitat was not present within the
review area, a survey of the study area and the area within 660 feet of the project limits
was not required. Additionally, no bald eagle individuals or nests were observed during
the May 18, 2021 field visit. A review of the October 2021 NCNHP database revealed no
known occurrences of this species within 1.0 mile of the study area.
4.3 Essential Fish Habitat
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has identified Harlowe Creek/Harlowe
Canal as an Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). The NMFS online EFH mapper was used to
determine which species has designated EFH within the study area. According to the
NMFS EFH online mapper, there are three species that have mapped EFH within the study
area and six species that have the potential to occur where EFH spatial data does not exist.
For these six species, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (SAFMC)
descriptions of EFH by life stage was used to determine if their EFH is present in the study
area (SAFMC 2016). Based on the NMFS EFH mapper and SAMFC EFH descriptions, it
was determined that the study area contains EFH for the various life cycle stages of six
species. Table 3 lists the fish species that may occur in the study area that are managed by
the NMFS, including the life stages which are reported to occur.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
10 November 2021
Table 3. Managed Fish Species Reported to Occur in the Study Area
Species Life Stage
Bluefish Juvenile
Atlantic butterfish Adult
Summer flounder Larva, Juvenile, Adult
White shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Brown shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Pink shrimp Larva (post), Juvenile
Permanent impacts resulting from the proposed bridge replacement over Harlowe Canal
will be limited to approximately 100 square feet from rip-rap and pile placement.
Additionally, EFH may be temporarily impacted during removal of the existing pilings and
from increased turbidity during construction operations. The NCDOT will install turbidity
barriers around all in-water operations to reduce potential turbidity impacts. Due to the
relatively minor impacts to EFH within its local surroundings, the proposed project will
not have significant permanent impacts on EFH. As a result, it is anticipated that no
managed species or life cycle stages of managed species will be significantly impacted.
5.0 Water Resources
The study area is part of the White Oak River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]
Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020301) and the Neuse River Basin (U.S. Geological Survey
[USGS] Hydrologic Unit [HUC] 03020406). One potential stream was identified in the
study area (Table 4). The location of this stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 4. Streams in the Study Area
Stream Name Map ID
NCDWR
Index
Number
Best Usage
Classification
Bank
Height
(ft.)
Bankfull
width
(ft.)
Depth
(in.)
Harlowe Creek Harlowe
Canal 21-22-1 SA; HQW 2 70 66
The Harlowe Creek is channelized into a canal north of SR 101. Harlowe Canal is classified
as Shellfish Waters (SA) and High Quality Waters (HQW). There are no Outstanding
Resource Waters (ORW) or water supply watersheds (WS-I or WS-II) within 1.0 mile
downstream of the study area. Based on North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries
(NCDMF) and North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission (NCWRC) coordination, no
designated anadromous fish waters are within the project study area. Additionally, during
the Field Scoping Meeting, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
(NCDEQ) did not identify any such waters associated with the project. The North Carolina
2020 Final 303(d) list of impaired waters identifies Harlowe Canal (21-22-1) as impaired
for fecal coliform. Additionally, impaired waters are within 1.0 mile downstream of the
study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
11 November 2021
No potential surface waters (i.e., ponds, tributaries, or basins) were identified within the
study area.
6.0 Regulatory Considerations
6.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S.
One jurisdictional stream was identified in the study area (Table 5). The location of this
stream is shown on Figures 3 and 4. Final mitigation requirements will be determined in
coordination with the USACE and NCDWR after a site visit is conducted.
Table 5. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Streams in the Study Area
Map ID Length
(ft.)
Area
(ac.) Classification
Compensatory
Mitigation
Required
River
Basin
Buffer
Harlowe
Canal 403 0.5 Perennial Yes Not
Subject
One jurisdictional wetland was identified and delineated along the bank of Harlowe Canal
within the study area (Table 5). The location of the wetland is shown on Figures 3 and 4.
Table 6. Characteristics of Jurisdictional Wetlands in the Study Area
Map ID NCWAM
Classification
Hydrologic
Classification Area (ac.)
WA Salt/Brackish Marsh Riparian <0.01
6.2 Construction Moratoria
The NCDEQ identified streams in the study area as an important marine fishery area
(saltwater shell fishing) during the January 21, 2021 Field Scoping Meeting. Additionally,
waters downstream of the project area are primary nursery areas. Therefore, a mandatory
no ground disturbing activities construction moratorium is required from April 1 to
September 30. Coordination with NCWRC resulted in the same determination as
mentioned above.
6.3 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules
This project is located in the White Oak River Basin (USGS HUC 03020301).
Jurisdictional features at the project site are therefore not subject to streamside riparian
zones protected under provisions administered by the NCDEQ – Division of Water
Resources (NCDWR). Within the study area, outside of the project limits, a portion of
Harlowe Canal is located in the Neuse River Basin (USGS HUC 03020406); however, as
discussed at the Field Scoping Meeting with Garcy Ward present (held on January 21,
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
12 November 2021
2021), the design will consider only the buffer requirements of the White Oak River Basin
(not subject). Table 4 lists which streams are subject to these rules within the project area.
6.4 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters
The USACE has designated Harlowe Canal (Creek) as Navigable Waters under Section 10
of the Rivers and Harbors Act.
6.5 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern
There was 1 Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Areas of Environmental Concern
(AEC) identified in the study area. Harlowe Canal is a designated Public Trust Water, and
a CAMA coastal marsh is present at wetland site WA (Figure 3).
6.6 Coastal Barrier Resource System
There are no designated Coastal Barrier Resource System units within the study area.
Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
13 November 2021
7.0 References
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries. Essential Fish
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November 29, 2021).
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Species List.
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NatureServe. 2017. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web
application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available
https://explorer.natureserve.org/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
Water Quality Assessment and Impaired Waters List 2020 Final 303(d) list.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2020/NC_2020
_Category5_303dlist.pdf
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
Methodology for Identification of Intermittent and Perennial Streams and Their
Origins.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/401
/Policies_Guides_Manuals/StreamID_v_4point11_Final_sept_01_2010.pdf
N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
2010. N.C. Wetland Assessment Method (NCWAM) User Manual. Prepared by
the N.C. Wetland Functional Assessment Team.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Surface%20Water%20Protection/PD
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North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Marine
Fisheries (DMF). 2018. Anadromous Fish Spawning Area Maps.
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/afsa-maps.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Division of Water
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NC-303-d--List-Final.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). 2021. Preparing Natural
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14 November 2021
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP). 2021. Natural Heritage Data
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Schafale, M.P. 2012. Guide to the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Fourth
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United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands
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United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2010. Regional Supplement to the
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United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2003. Recovery plan for the Red-
cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) Second Revision. Atlanta, Georgia.
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United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2017. Piping Plover Fact Sheet.
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United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Dwarf Wedgemussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_dwarf_wedgemussel.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Eastern black rail.
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/birds/eastern-black-rail/. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Northern long-eared bat
(Myotis septentrionalis).
https://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/mammals/nleb. (Accessed: November
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Natural Resources Technical Report STIP No. BP2.R005.1, Carteret County, N.C.
15 November 2021
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Programmatic Biological
Opinion for NCDOT Program Effects on the Northern Long-eared Bat in
Divisions 1-8. https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Environmental/EAU/BSG/
Documents/NLEB%20Programmatic/PBO%20for%20NLEB%20in%20Divisions
%201-8%2020210101.pdf.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Red-cockaded Woodpecker
(Picoides borealis) species profile. http://www.fws.gov/rcwrecovery/rcw.html.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Roseate tern (Sterna dougallii
dougallii). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pdfs/FS_Roseate%20tern.pdf.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Rough leaf loosestrife
(Lysimachia asperulaefolia). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_rough-
leaf_loosestrife.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Seabeach amaranth
(Amaranthus pumilus).
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_seabeach_amaranth.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. Tar River spinymussel.
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_tar_spinymussel.html. (Accessed:
November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Information for Planning and
Consultation (IPaC), Online Mapper. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/location/index
(Accessed: November 29, 2021)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2020. West Indian manatee
(Trichechus manatus). https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/es_manatee.html.
(Accessed: November 29, 2021).
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. Rufa red knot (Calidris
canutus rufa). https://fws.gov/northeast/red-knot. (Accessed: November 29,
2021).
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 2021. Quad Map download.
https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/#/. (Accessed: November 29, 2021)
Appendix A
Figures
Appendix B
Qualifications of Contributors
Investigator Jay Johnson
Education: Associates Degree, Recreation and Wildlife Mgt, Hocking
Technical College, 1981
B.S. Environmental Geography, Ohio University, 1991
Experience: Professional Wetland Scientist 1997-Present
Environmental Manager, Outer Banks Contractors 1991-1994
Environmental Consultant, Environmental Professionals Inc. 1994-
1999
Division Environmental Officer, Division 2 NCDOT, 1999-Present
Responsibilities: Wetland and stream delineations, T&E surveys, Permitting and
Compliance, Project Review
Investigator: Ashley Abdel-Hadi
Education: B.S. Biology, University of Central Florida, 2010
M.S. Ecological Restoration, University of Florida, 2017
Experience: Senior Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates,
September 2019-Present
Ecologist/Environmental Scientist, Private Sector, August 2010-
September 2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document review
Investigator: Megan Nicely
Education: B.S. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida,
2015
Experience: Environmental Scientist, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2019-
Present
Environmental Specialist, Public Sector, August 2017-May2019
Responsibilities: Field review, Document preparation
Investigator: John McNulty
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University
Master of Biological and Agricultural Engineering candidate, North
Carolina State University (Anticipated Completion Fall 2022)
Experience: Hydraulics Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, December
2019-Present
Responsibilities: GIS mapping and analyses
Investigator: Andrea Gordon
Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, University of Alabama, 2019
Experience: Roadway Engineer, Kisinger Campo & Associates, May 2018-
Present
Responsibilities: Document preparation, NCNHP Data Explorer review