26_NCS000467_Onsite Public Works Facility SWPPP_20211208

Town of Wake Forest SWPPP Table of Contents
Document Title
Index Tab #
Wake Forest Public Works Operation Center - Maps and Product
1
Locations
Town of Wake Forest Public Works Department Stormwater Pollution
2
Prevention Plan
Town of Wake Forest Vehicle Inspection Procedures and Vehicle
Inspection Report form
3
Vehicle and Equipment Washing, Wash Bay Use - Public Works SOP
4
Vehicle Fueling, Vehicle GPS and Vehicle Repair Guidelines
5
Training Plans
6
Consolidated Service Report - Includes Crashed oil filter drums
removed, Waste Oil Removed, Waste Coolant removed and Parts
7
Washer services
Slips, Trips, Fall - Reducing Risk and Avoiding Injury
8
Pollution Prevention Fact Sheet: Automobile Maintenance
9
No Content/Blank
10

Town of Wake Forest Public Works Operations Center, Built 1994
1. Summary of the Stormwater Infrastructure
a. The stormwater infrastructure is comprised of a network of curb inlets, yard inlets, junction
boxes and FES. There are multiple discharge points related to this site. The upper employee
parking lot stormwater is collected and discharges to a SCM at the SW border of property.
The lower traffic and parking areas is collected via a series of drop inlets and discharge into
vegetated swales interior of the property. These swales convey stormwater to the Southern
property boundary where there is another SCM that allows for discharge through a smaller
riser structure to the vegetated buffer.
2. Stormwater Activities include:
a. Vehicle and equipment maintenance and storage.
b. Washing of vehicles
3. Receiving Waters:
a. Ut (unidentified) tributary leading to Smith Creek
4. Location of potential stormwater pollutants:
a. Location of soap storage (Vehicle washing area)
r1 b. Fuel tank storage
c. Used oil tank storage
d. Street maintenance (brine and sand) storage

e. Safety Data Sheets
5. Summary of buildings located at the Public Works Campus
a. Public Works Offices
b. Warehouse
c. Fleet Maintenance
d. Streets/ Solid Waste Offices
e. Solid Waste Shelter
f. Streets Shelter /Car Wash
6. Outfall Locations
a, Outfall 1— Main stormwater outfall for the site collecting a majority of stormwater runoff
from stormwater system
b. Outfall 2 —Minor stormwater collection from storage yard directed towards the same ditch
line as Outfall 1
c. Outfall 3 —Ditch line along the east site of the property collects stormwater and directs
water to an outfall at the southeast corner of the property
7. Stormwater Control Measures
a. Two outlet structures are located on site as part of a wetland stormwater control measure.
b. The Town is currently searching for as-builts for the wetland to better understand required
maintenance needs.
Eye wash Station (left) and Spill Kit with inlet covers (right), Located in Fleet Maintenance Building

rr
an D

TOWN of 301 S. Brooks Street
Alk
Wake Forest, NC 27587
WAKE FOREST t 919.435.9400
v►ww.wakeforestnc.gov
Town of Wake Forest Public Works Department
Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan
Introduction
The Town of Wake Forest has developed Stormwater Pollution Prevention (SWPP) Plans for town
owned facilities. This SWPP addresses stormwater pollution prevention for the Public Works
Department This plan includes seven (7) key parts including site descriptions, the pollution prevention
team, activities that may cause pollution, control measures schedules and procedures, spill response
plans, inspections and monitoring, and employee training.
1. Site Descriptions
The Public Works Department is located at 234 Friendship Chapel Road. The facility was built in 1994
but has been modified and updated over the years. There are several buildings located on the Public
Works Facility. Each building serves a different purpose and is maintained by different members of the
Town staff. Below is a list of the buildings and the associated employee responsible for day to day
operations:
1. Public Works Offices - Mickey Rochelle
2. Warehouse - Randy Driver
3. Fleet Maintenance/Vehicle Wash - Brent Drendall
4. Streets/Solid Waste Building - Tim Bailey
5. Streets Shelter- Tim Bailey
6. Solid Waste Shelter - Chad Hildebrandt
A site plan is provided in Appendix A where all buildings are identified. The site map includes the
stormwater GIS information available from Town records. These features will aide in identifying the
stormwater outfall for the site in the case of a spill or emergency. Areas where activities that may cause
pollution are identified on the site map.
2. Pollution Prevention Team
The Pollution Prevention Team is responsible for maintaining and implementing the SWPPP. The
Pollution Prevention Team will evaluate the effectiveness of the SWPPP at a minimum of every 5 years,
or when changes are made on site that may impact the effectiveness of the Stormwater infrastructure
such as grading, changes to impervious surface, or new staff activities. The Stormwater Engineer will be
in charge of initiating the review of the SWPP. The members of the Pollution Prevention Team for this
SWPPP are:
1. Magda Holloway - Public Works Director
2. Tim Bailey - Streets Supervisor
3. Monica Sarna - Stormwater Engineer
4. Brent Drendall - Fleet Manager
5. Mickey Rochelle - Facilities Manager
1IPage

3. Activities That May Cause Pollution
The daily operations that occur at the Public Works facility have been evaluated to identify all activities
where leaks and spills could occur, as well as areas where materials stored. An investigation has been
completed at the site to observe these activities and ensure that proper protections are being utilized to
prevent stormwater pollution. The following activities occur at all Town of Wake Forest Public Works
facility:
1. Vehicle Maintenance
2. Oil Changes
3. Vehicle washing
4. Storage of materials
S. Equipment Maintenance
All vehicle maintenance occurs in the Fleet Maintenance facility. All vehicles are serviced monthly to
ensure town owned vehicles are not contributing to street and parking lot pollution. The fleet
maintenance staff is trained annually in spill response procedures, and there are two spill kit available in
the building. All oil changes take place in the Fleet Maintenance facility, and the Town participates in a
used oil recycling program with Nobel Oil.
The vehicle washing station is available to all employees who need to wash their town owned vehicle or
town equipment. This station utilizes an oil/water separator and a sediment separator which
discharges to municipal sanitary sewer system. The fleet department is responsible for annual
maintenance of the wash bay. All cleaning supplies are biodegradable and are stored indoors in a
temperate controlled room adjacent to the Streets Shelter.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are available for all hazardous materials that are present at the
Public Works Facility. Supervisors are responsible for the upkeep and location of MSDS sheets.
Hazardous materials are stored in fire safety cabinets located in the Streets/Solid Waste/Fleet
Maintenance building. Storage of equipment and materials needed for Public Works operations are also
stored on site. All equipment is cleaned at the washing station, and materials are properly stored to
prevent pollution and damage.
A designated area at the end of the warehouse dock is used as storage for leaking transformers. This
area is equipped with spill control containers, as well as absorbent mats for any spills that may get on
the concrete.
All re -fueling occurs offske and does not pose as a pollution risk.
4. Control Measures, Schedules, and Procedures
The Public Works Department utilizes staff training as the number one pollution prevention. Proper
storage of materials and PPE allows are staff to be prepared for preventing and containing a spill. All
products are stored with clear labeling and they are inspected on a weekly basis for leaks or spills. The
public works staff also uses 100% bio-degradable soap for the wash bay. Vehicle & equipment washing
activities are performed at the designated wash bay where the water runoff is collected and directed to
the oil / water separator prior to discharging to municipal sanitary sewer system. Three spill kits and
inlet covers are located at Public Works. The warehouse also is prepared with spill control containers
and absorbent mats. These measures have been identified in the site plan in Appendix A.
Basic Housekeeping practices including;
• Hazardous material storage in clearly labeled Fire Safe cabinets
• Material Safety Data Sheet available for all hazardous materials on site
2jPage

Spill Kits includes: 36.6 gallon absorbency- 30 Gallon Universal Spill Kit, Pro Grade, 75 Pc;
Overpack Drum, 50 Heavy Duty Pads 15"x19", 2 Socks 3"x12% 6 Socks 3"x4% 5 Pillows 18"x18",
Chemical
Where present, solid waste containers are labeled "No Hazardous Waste Accepted" with icons
specifically for appliances, batteries, liquids or chemicals, tires, drums or containers, and no
biohazardous waste.
S. Spill Response Plans
The Town of Wake Forest has developed a spill response plan for all Town -owned facilities. The Spill
Response plan is in Appendix B for reference.
6. Inspections and Monitoring
Site inspections will be performed as needed when changes are made on site that may impact the
effectiveness of the stormwater infrastructure such as grading, changes to impervious surface, or new
activities. At a minimum all sites will be inspected when re-evaluating the SWPPP every five (5) years.
The SCM located at Public Works will be inspected on an annual basis as part of the Town's annual SCM
inspections. Criterium for inspections and results including recommendations are generated and stored
utilizing our inspections system "New World". All other site inspections performed by the Facilities staff
are scheduled, generated, and recorded in the Asset Essentials software.
7. Employee Training
All employees will be assigned to read the SWPPP in the human resources portal DMS. This system
keeps an inventory of all assigned training and required signature sign off for receipt. All new
employees will be assigned the SWPPP for review as part of their on -boarding process. If major updates
are made to the SWPPP it will be reassigned to all employees within the department.
In addition, we have created a training document for Spill Response and Illicit Discharge Detection &
Elimination. All employees are required to complete this training upon hire, and once every five (5)
years for existing employees. This training instructs employees on their roles in identifying pollution
sources, best practices to prevent spills, and how to report stormwater pollution at their respective
worksite.
Key Public Works personnel are assigned annual spill response training, including the engineers, fleet
maintenance, and street supervisors. The Solid Waste and Streets teams receive Stormwater Pollution
Awareness training as part of their general safety briefings. This training encourages the staff to report
illicit discharges and potential pollution to their supervisors.
3 1 P a g e

Appendix A — Site Description

Wake Forest Public Works Operations Center
234 Friendship Chapel Road
Wale Forest, NC 27587

MAI
4w r
_4 k • -
Town of Wake Forest Public Works Operations Center, Built 1994
1. Summary of the Stormwater Infrastructure
a. The stormwater infrastructure is comprised of a network of curb inlets, yard inlets, junction
boxes and FES. There are multiple discharge points related to this site. The upper employee
parking lot stormwater is collected and discharges to a SCM at the SW border of property.
The lower traffic and parking areas is collected via a series of drop inlets and discharge into
vegetated swales interior of the property. These swales convey stormwater to the Southern
property boundary where there is another SCM that allows for discharge through a smaller
riser structure to the vegetated buffer.
2. Stormwater Activities include:
a. Vehicle and equipment maintenance and storage.
b. Washing of vehicles
3. Receiving Waters:
a. Ut (unidentified) tributary leading to Smith Creek
4. Location of potential stormwater pollutants:
a. Location of soap storage (Vehicle washing area)
b. Fuel tank storage
c. Used oil tank storage
d. Street maintenance (brine and sand) storage

e. Safety Data Sheets
S. Summary of buildings located at the Public Works Campus
a. Public Works Offices
b. Warehouse
c. Fleet Maintenance
d. Streets/ Solid Waste Offices
e. Solid Waste Shelter
f. Streets Shelter /Car Wash
6. Outfall Locations
a. Outfall 1— Main stormwater outfall for the site collecting a majority of stormwater runoff
from stormwater system
b. Outfall 2 — Minor stormwater collection from storage yard directed towards the same ditch
line as Outfall 1
c. Outfall 3 —Ditch line along the east site of the property collects stormwater and directs
water to an outfall at the southeast corner of the property
Stormwater Control Measures
a. Two outlet structures are located on site as part of a wetland stormwater control measure.
b. The Town is currently searching for as-builts for the wetland to better understand required
maintenance needs.
Eye wash Station (left) and Spill Kit with inlet covers (right), located in Fleet Maintenance Building

Appendix B — Spill Response Plan
1IPage

TOWN of
WAKE FOREST
PUBLIC WORKS
Fleet Maintenance
MS4
Stormwater Pollution
Prevention Plan

TOWN of 301 S. Brooks Street
Wake Forest, NC 27587
At6
WAKE FOREST t919.435.9400
www.wakeforesinc.gov
Spill Prevention & Response Plan
For:
Fleet Maintenance Division
(facility name and address)
Federal and State Phase II stormwater regulations require municipal facilities to implement an
operation and maintenance program that includes an employee training component and has the
goal of preventing and reducing pollutant runoff from municipal operations. Preventing spills of
materials and wastes is a significant component of complying with these regulations. However,
even with the best prevention efforts, spills may still occur. When they do, it is up to appropriately
trained facility personnel to respond quickly and effectively to clean-up the spilled material or
notify someone who can. This Spill Response Plan is designed as a guideline for municipal facilities
that have been determined to have significant potential for generating polluted stormwater
runoff to develop site specific individual Spill Response and Prevention Plans. The plan should be
kept in a central location that is easily accessible for employees and updated annually or as site
specific operations change.
Instructions
Each facility can include any/all of the following as applicable to this spill response plan.
Spills that require Special Cleanup
Materials Inventory
Maximum Cleanup Amounts
Facility Map
Plan Implementation Date:
311 /2021
Spill Kit Inventory and Labeling
Employee Training Log
Spill Log
Plan Revision Date(s):
Facility's Responsible Person(s) in charge of spill response planning and implementation.
Name Phone Number
Brent Drendall - Fleet Manager 919-435-9576
Dean Pelt - Shop Foreman 919,795.7854
2 1 P a g e

Clean -Up Procedures
Identify the spilled chemicals prior to responding. This will determine the level of training and
protection required to clean up. The level of training and protection will be dependent on the
nature of the spill. Spilled chemicals should be effectively and quickly contained and cleaned up.
Employees should clean up spills themselves only if properly trained and protected. Employees
who are not trained in spill cleanup procedures should report the spill to the responsible
person(s) listed above, warn other employees, and leave the area.
The Maximum Cleanup Amounts that properly trained employee can cleanup are listed on page
7. In the event of spills greater than these amounts, dial 911 or contact the fire department.
The following general guidelines should be followed for evacuation, spill control, notification of
proper authorities, and general emergency procedures in the event of a chemical incident in
which there is potential for a significant release of hazardous materials.
1. Evacuation
Persons in the immediate vicinity of a spill should immediately evacuate the premises
(except for employees with training in the spill response in circumstances described
below). If the spill is of "medium" or "large" size, as defined on Pages 3-4, or if the spill
seems hazardous, immediately contact the fire department.
2. Spill Control Techniques
Once a spill has occurred, the employee needs to decide whether the spill is small enough
to handle without outside assistance. Only employees with training in spill response
should attempt to contain or cleanup a spill.
NOTE: If you are cleaning up a spill yourself, make sure you are aware of the hazards
associated with the materials spilled, have adequate ventilation, and proper personal
protective equipment (PPE). Containerize all residual chemical and cleanup materials for
proper waste characterization and disposal.
Spill control equipment should be located wherever significant quantities of hazardous
materials are received or stored. Safety Data Sheets (SDSs), absorbents, over -pack
containers, container patch kits, spill dams, shovels, floor dry, acid/base neutralizers, and
"caution -keep out" signs are common spill response items.
3. Spill Response and Cleanup
Chemical spills are divided into three categories: Small, Medium, or Large. Response and
cleanup procedures vary depending on the size of the spill.
3 1 P a g e

Spills:Small Any spill that is less than 0.25 quarts is considered a small spill. Small spills
are generally handled by internal personnel and usually do not require an emergency
response by police or fire department HAZMAT teams.
✓ Quickly control the spill by stopping or securing the spill source. This could be as
simple as up -righting a container and using floor -dry or absorbent pads to soak up
spilled material. Wear gloves and protective clothing, if necessary.
✓ Put spill material and absorbents in secure containers if any are available.
✓ Consult with the Facility Responsible Person and SDSs for spill and waste disposal
procedures.
✓ In some instances, the area of the spill should not be washed with water. Use Dry
Cleanup Methods and never wash spills down the drain, onto a storm drain or onto
the driveway or parking lot.
✓ Both the spilled material and the absorbent may be considered regulated wastes and
must be disposed of in compliance with state and federal environmental regulations.
Medium S i� Any spill that exceeds 0.25 quarts but is less than 5 quarts. Outside
emergency response personnel (police and fire department HAZMAT teams) should
usually be called for medium spills. Common sense should dictate when it is necessary to
call them.
✓ Immediately try to help contain the spill at its source by simple measures only. This
means quickly up righting a container, or putting a lid on a container, if possible. Do
not use absorbents unless they are immediately available. Once you have made a
quick attempt to contain the spill, or once you have quickly determined you cannot
take any brief containment measures, leave the area and alert Emergency Responders
at 911. Closing doors behind you while leaving helps contain fumes from spills. Give
police accurate information as to the location, chemical, and estimated amount of the
spill.
✓ Evaluate the area outside the spill. Engines and electrical equipment near the spill
area must be turned off. This eliminates various sources of ignition in the area. Advise
Emergency Responders on how to turn off engines or electrical sources. Do not go
Lack into the spill area once you have left. Help emergency responders by trying to
determine how to shut off heating, air conditioning equipment, or air circulating
equipment, if necessary.
✓ If emergency responders evacuate the spill area, follow their instructions in leaving
the area.
✓ After emergency responders have contained the spill, be prepared to assist them with
any other information that may be necessary, such as SDSs and questions about the
41 Pagc.

facility. Emergency responders or trained personnel with proper personal protective
equipment will then clean up the spill residue. Do not re-enter the area until the
responder in charge gives the all clear. Be prepared to assist these persons from
outside the spill area by providing SDSs, absorbents, and containers.
✓ Reports must be filed with proper authorities. It is the responsibility of the spiller to
inform both his/her supervisor and the emergency responders as to what caused the
spill. The response for large spills is similar to the procedures for medium spills, except
that the exposure danger is greater.
Large Spills: Any spill involving flammable liquid that is more than 5 quarts; and any
"running" spill, where the source of the spill has not been contained or flow has not been
stopped.
✓ Leave the area and notify Emergency Responders (911). Give the operator the spill
location, chemical name, and approximate amount.
✓ From a safe area, attempt to get SDS information for the spilled chemical for the
emergency responders to use. Be prepared to advise responders as to any ignition
sources, engines, electrical power, or air conditioning/ventilation systems that may
need to be shut off. Advise responders of any absorbents, containers, or spill control
equipment that may be available. This may need to be done from a remote area. Use
radio or phone to assist from a distance, if necessary.
✓ Only emergency response personnel, in accordance with their own established
procedures, should handle large spills, especially those that are continuous.
Remember, once the emergency responders are present, the area is under their
control and no one may reenter the area until the responder in charge gives the all
clear.
✓ Provide information for reports to supervisors and responders, (see medium spills,
above).
Reporting Spills
All chemical spills, regardless of size, should be reported as soon as possible to the Facility
Responsible Person. The Responsible Person will report the spill if it is greater than the CERCLA
Reportable Quantity (RQ) or greater than 25 gallons of fuel, reaches navigable waters, or
threatens to reach navigable waters. It should be reported to at least one of the following: Fire
Department, 911, NCDEQ at 919-807-6308, or the National Response Center at 800-424-8802. In
the event of a release of non -hazardous materials, The Responsible Person shall notify the town
in person or by phone or facsimile no later than the next business day. Notifications in person or
by phone shall be confirmed by written notice addressed and mailed to the town within three
business days of the phone notice as noted in Sec 32-443 Town Code of Ordinances.
51Page

Spills Materials that Re uire Special Cleanup
Describe any materials used at your facility that require special materials and procedures for
cleanup procedures beyond those listed above. Provide details regarding hazards associated with
these.
Material
Hazards
61Page

Material Inventor
List all materials or wastes that may require clean up. List the average and maximum amounts on
site and their storage locations. (List all materials of concern that are onsite. Use additional sheets
if necessary.)
Material
Engine Oil
Hydraulic Oil
Engine Coolant
Waste Engine Coolant
Waste Engine Oil
Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)
Amount_ aymax
goo Gallons
300 Gallons
50 Gallons
55 Gallons
1,000 Gallons
40 Gallons
Location s
North East comer of Fleet Maintenance Facility
North East comer of Fleet Maintenance Faciiity
North East comer of Fleet Maintenance Facility
North East comer of Fleet Maintenance Facility
Stored in a double walled containment Vessel
outside of the Fleet Maintenance Facility on
the South East Comer
North East corner of Fleet Maintenance Facility
7 1 P a g e

Maximum Cleanup Amounts
Identify the maximum volume of spill that may be cleaned up by facility employees or contractors
based on material (use 1 qt or 1 lb unless other information is available). Also identify how
wastes from a spill of any material will be disposed (for example, absorbed and placed in
dumpster) and the name and address of the offsite facility to which clean-up wastes will be sent
for regulated waste disposal, if applicable:
Material
Engine oil, Engine Coolant, Cleaning
Solvents, and other Misc Automotive
Maintenance Materials
Maximum Volume
to be cleaned
Up to 10 Gallons
Disposal Method/Location
Absorban material to be used for clean up.
Disposal via GFL Enviromenial, East Wake
Transfer Station, End of life Destination
LandfillWake County
aIPage

Facility Map
in the blank space below, attach a map or layout of the facility showing the locations:
a) Of each spill response kit;
b) Where the materials identified on page 6 are normally stored or used;
c) Of each storm drain inlet or drainage ditch;
d) Of each containment area.
Please reference the attached Fleet Maintenance Garage Emergency Exit Plan

Spill Kit Inventory
List the spill response equipment that will be maintained in each locker (refer to AASDSs to
determine recommended clean-up methods and supplies):
Person(s) Responsible for Maintaining this Inventory: Dean Pelt - Shop Foreman 919.795.7854
Location Absorbents Tools PPE Other Supplies
(bags of loose (shovels, brooms, (impervious (warning tape,
absorbents, pigs, rolls of dust pans waste goggles, aprons, labels, markers, 4
sheets, containers, containers, boots, dust masks, MSDSs, etc.)
t 1 afr 1
neutrallzin a ents, etc.)
squee ees, a c.
North East comer of Fleet
Maintenance Facility
Main office area andG
Spill Coantainment Kits are
North East comer of 1
Located at the North East
Maintenance Facility
and South West Comer of
Fleet Maint. Facility
Personal workstations I Shop Area
101Page

Label Spill Kits
• Label each spill kit prominently with the words "SPILL KIT" or "ABSORBENTS" etc.
• Label or stencil the necessary emergency telephone number(s) or pager number(s) of
persons to be contacted in case of a spill or leak that is beyond the training and
equipment available on or near each spill kit:
Facility Responsible Person/Phone Number: Wake Forest Fire Dept/1 919 y 556 -1966 or 911
Spill Response Contractor (if any)/Phone Number: t 1
North Carolina After-Hours/Weekends Emergency Spill Reporting Hot -Line: (800) 8SB-0368
• Stencil the following warning PROMINENTLY on each spill kit:
"WARNING: NEVER HOSE DOWN OR
BURY A SPILL! CLEAN IT UP PROMPTLY
AND DISPOSE OF THE WASTE PROPERLY."
11 1 " . R.

Employee Training Leo
Identify the spill response training provided to each employee or contractor who is charged with
responsibility for spill response:
Employee OR Contractor Name I Instructor Name I Date of Training
- Fluid Spill Response-7 Steps of
121Page

U
O
C/]
c
L
O
O
N �
O L
m
� 3
L
L
ro o
tA
a
M1-
a Q1
'G u
ro �
a+ 0i
�c u
a
a�
N 4+
'A
t
V7
ro
N
ro
ro
�
*, L
Y �
— OC
.Q
N
4A
ro
C M1.
C �
�
cu
C
9
L
d
ro
�L t
�r
N
N
C
0
j-
ra
O
Q1
41
ro

Town of Wake Forest
Vehicle Inspection Procedures
Effective September 1, 2010, the Town of Wake Forest is implementing a mandatory monthly
vehicle inspection program to help ensure the safety of its employees and general public. The
purpose of this procedure is to promptly identify and document Town Vehicles that are in need
of repair and ensure those repairs are completed in a timely manner.
Before operating any vehicle or piece of equipment the user, at a minimum, shall perform a
visual inspection of the vehicle/equipment and be satisfied that it is safe for operation. If
deficiencies are found, the daily inspection form is required to be completed and turned in to the
Fleet Supervisor immediately for repairs.
All commercial motor vehicles (CMV) will continue to be inspected daily as required by the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulation 3§ 92.7, Appendix G to
Subchapter B of Chapter III —Minimum periodic inspection standards, and NC DDT's
Commercial Drivers Manual Section 2.1.
Any Town vehicle assigned to one person, that is not a CMV, will be required to be inspected
using a vehicle inspection report. This report shall be completed (either electronically or by
hand) on the first Monday of every month and is required to be submitted to your immediate
Supervisor. The Supervisors shall forward all reports to Fleet Maintenance by 2"d Monday of the
Month. Reports should be retained for a period of one year following the inspection. Any
problems are to be reported by email or hard copy to Fleet Supervisor so deficiencies can be
documented and repaired.
The usual CMV inspection process is to be followed for all vehicles or equipment for the Public
Works/Utilities department. Trailers shall be inspected at least once per month if not in use;
however, once a trailer is hooked to a vehicle, it is to be inspected along with the towing unit. All
vehicles/equipment are to be inspected before use and any damage or safety deficiencies
identified must be documented and reported to both the employees' Supervisor and Fleet
Maintenance Supervisor. Once repairs are completed, the Mechanic will then sign off on the
submitted file copy and also sign the CMV book copy to ensure driver knows status of request.
In addition, all self-propelled heavy equipment shall have a CMV inspection booklet onboard to
document the inspection each time the equipment is operated or at least once per month if not in
use. When CMV inspection booklets are filled, the book is to be turned into the Fleet Supervisor
to be retained for a minimum of 3 months. Replacement CMV booklets can be obtained from
Fleet Maintenance.
The Fleet Maintenance Supervisor shall prioritize the requested repair and will make the
determination if the vehicle, piece of equipment, or trailer is removed from service or if it can be
safely operated until the repairs are complete.

VEHICLE SAFETY INSPECTION REPORT
Use this form for routine vehicle safety inspections
Town of Place an ✓in either the "OK" or "Needs Repair" Column
'VY71 T`
❑Daily (Report to Fleet Maintenance if repairs are required) ❑ Monthly (Turn in to Supervisor by P' Monday of month)
Date:
Department:
7JModel:
ITEM
License # Vehicle # Vehicle Assigned to:
Mileage / Hours: Inspected by:
Year: Make
OK ;�
GENERAL VEHICLE INSPECTION
❑ i Dashboard warning lights
{ Do all dashboard warning lights illuminate when engine is cranking and parking
brake is on?
Horn
Does horn give a loud and reliable warning signal?
Windshield wipers & washers
Do washers work? Do wipers clean windshield adequately?
No cracks in windshield over 1,4" wide, no intersecting cracks, no objects or
stickers on windshields which impair vision
❑
❑
Windshield and windows
Seat Belts
Rear view mirrors
❑ ❑ Brakes
I Parking brake
Speedometer
Available & buckles work easily. USE SEAT BELTS AT ALL TIMES!
Firmly attached and reflect view behind vehicle
1) Push pedal down, if it goes down more than 1/2 way to the floor, brakes need
adjustment
2) Push pedal down hard and hold down and count to 10, if the pedal keeps
going down, have repaired immediately. (Power brakes - engine must be
running)
3) Have brakes checked ASAP if vehicle swerves to side when applied, there is
a strange sound, or something doesn't "feel" right.
Stop vehicle, set parking brake firmly and attempt to move vehicle in "drive" or
"first gear". The brakes need repair if vehicle moves easily.
Check while vehicle is moving - must register M.P.H. Does it seem accurate?
Objects in cab must not obstruct view from vehicle. Remove any object from
El
❑ Cab - general dashboard, visors, seats which could fly around cab and injure occupants if
vehicle stops suddenly.
First Aid Kit and Fire Are First Aid Kits present and fully stocked with supplies listed on the
El inventory? is Fire Extinguisher present and up to date on its annual
❑
Extinguisher
maintenance check and monthly visual inspections.
Nmds ITEM EXTERIOR VEHICLE INSPECTION
Get help to check headlights (high and low beam), emergency flashers, turn-
OK
❑ Lights signals, parking lights, license plate lights, tail lights, brake lights, back up lights
(shift reverse) and interior dash lights.
1) Check for correct tire pressure with gauge. `
❑
❑ Tires 2) Check for even tread wear (indicators are visible when tread gets down to
U 16th inch). Tires must be replaced when down to 2/32 inch of depth.
3 Check both sides of tires for bulltes or large cracks on sidew_ ails.
- �; ITEM UNDER VEHICLE INSPECTION
Brake lines Check for obvious leaks on brake lines and cylinders
OK
Gas tank Check for leaks and ensure gas cap is tightly secured.
Oil leaks Look for oil leaks under transmission, engine, and differential
Water leaks Look for water leaks under radiator. Clear condensate from A/C is okay
T❑ Exhaust leaks Listen for excessive or changes in noise. Have you noticed increased exhaust
va or_s_ ?
Mechanic Signature: Date:

Implementation Date 3/1/2021
joTOWN of Last Reviewed 6/15/2021
WAKE FOREST
PUBLIC. WORKS Revision* 2
Fleet Maintenance Division Prepared by Brent Drendall - Fleet Manager
Vehicle and Equipment Washing, Wash Bay Use — Public Works
Standard Operating Procedure
1. Purpose
The purpose of this procedure is to describe the proper method for washing Town of
Wake Forest vehicles and equipment and other items such as recycling containers.
Procedure for inspection and maintenance of the water runoff catch basins and oil
separators.
Vehicle and equipment washing can generate runoff contaminated with detergents,
oils, grease, and other sediment. Runoff needs to be contained so that it only can
discharge to sanitary sewers and to eliminate contaminated wash water discharges
to storm water system.
2.
Vehicle and equipment washing can generate runoff contaminated with detergents,
oils, grease, and other sediment. Runoff needs to be contained so that it only can
discharge to sanitary sewers and to eliminate contaminated wash water discharges
to storm water system. This procedure applies to those who operate fleet vehicles,
mechanized equipment, and other motorized implements that need periodic or
routine washing. Also included are non -motorized equipment such as bulk
containers, carts, wheelbarrows, recycling equipment, and other items which are to
be washed outside. At no time will these items be washed where it is possible for
wash water to enter storm water drains.
3. Responsibilities
Operators must follow the Vehicle and Equipment Washing procedures whether
clear water or water including detergents/chemicals will be used. The approved
cleaning procedure may vary depending on the substances to be removed. Personnel
should always locate the vehicle within the wash bay area. This will allow the runoff
to be contained within sanitary drain system.
The wash bay Inspection and Maintenance will be managed by the Fleet
Maintenance Division of Public Works during normal working hours.

Implementation Date 3/1/2021
40 TOWN of Last Reviewed 6/15/2021
WAKE FOREST
PUBLIC: waRKS Revision # 2
Fleet Maintenance Division prepared by Brent Drendall - Fleet Manager
Vehicle and Equipment Washing, Wash Bay Use — Public Works
4. Procedures
4.1 Vehicle and Equipment Washing
A. Ensure the wash bay area is free of debris that could be accidently carried
into the sanitary water runoff catch basin.
B. Position the vehicle in the center of the wash bay area allowing water
runoff to be capture into the sanitary water runoff catch basin.
C. Only use the soap that is dispensed by the power washer nozzle or one
that is intended for vehicle washing. Do not use products that are NOT
intended for vehicle washing.
D. Turn OFF the power washer and release pressure from the system by
depressing the wand handle.
E. Stow and secure the power washer hose, wand and all other items used to
their proper location.
4.2 Inspection and Maintenance
A. Daily inspection of the wash bay area to ensure it is free of debris that
could be accidently carried into the sanitary water runoff catch basin.
B. Daily inspection of the sanitary water catch basin and separator for proper
flow.
C. Daily inspection for proper operation of the power washing equipment.
D. Daily inspection and restocking of supplies to be used for washing vehicles
and equipment.
E. Scheduling quarterly clean out of sanitary water catch basin and
separator.
F. Scheduling annual clean out of the oil/water skimmer located in power
washer equipment room.

Vehicle Fueling, Vehicle GPS and Vehicle Repair Guidelines
FUEL SYSTEM
The Town uses the WEX fleet fuel card management system. Each Town vehicle is assigned its own fuel
card. The card is in a plastic sleeve that is typically attached to the driver's sun visor. When paying for
fuel at the pump or in person after the card is swiped you will be prompted for the vehicle odometer
reading and driver ID. When prompted input an accurate odometer reading, or if not equipped with an
odometer, enter an accurate hour reading. When fueling with an AUX Fuel card such for can gas, input
"0" for the odometer reading. The fuel card user will input their 4 digit employee number as the driver
ID when prompted. For users with an employee number that is less than 4 digits you will precede
employee number with "0" to the required 4 digit length. Fuel receipts are not required by Fleet
Maintenance. However, please refer to your supervisor for department/division specific fuel receipt
retention processes.
GPS System
Most Town vehicles and equipment have a GPS and driver ID system installed. These systems are
intended to manage fuel usage, vehicle health, routine maintenance, and vehicle location. When
operating a Town vehicle or equipment with a driver ID pad the operator must use their assign FOB to ID
themselves to that vehicle/equipment while in use. After the vehicle/equipment is started within a few
seconds the driver ID pad will begin to beep. At that time the operator must place their assigned FOB
next to the ID pad to log in. Once logged in, the pad will stop beeping.
Fleet Maintenance Service
Chris Magaha is the primary contact for scheduling of all vehicle/equipment services for Fleet
Maintenance. For your convenience and to minimize vehicle/equipment down time Chris will be
available to assist with minor repairs such as, setting of tire pressure, fluid top off, wiper blade
replacement, and bulb replacement without the need of scheduling. For all other services please use
one of the following methods outlined below to schedule a time for service.
Note: Prior to having your vehicle serviced please sanitize frequently touched areas and remove drink
cups, rags, and any other products susceptible in transmitting viruses.
Email Request (preferred):
❖ Non -Emergency Vehicle/Equipment Service —[e-mail]
❖ Police Dept. Vehicle/Equipment Service — olicefleethel desk wakeforestnc. ov
•I• Fire Dept. Vehicle/Equipment Service — firefleethel desk wakeforestnc. ov
Walk in Request:
❖ Prepare your written request on the Equipment Repair Request form which is available in
the Fleet Office. Place the completed request form in the BIN labeled New Repair Requests.
Note: DOT vehicles needing service please attach the Driver's Vehicle Inspection Report to
the completed Equipment Repair Request form.

In Town Breakdown/Emergencies During Work Hours:
❖ Chris Magaha
o Desk - 919.435.9577
o Mobile - 919.410.3784
❖ Dean Pelt
o Desk - 919.435.9580
o Mobile - 919.795.7854
❖ Brent Drendall
o Desk r 919.435.9576
o Mobile - 919.210.4866
In Town Breakdown/Emergencies After Hours:
❖ Contact Ronnie Whites Towing — 919.556.6810 or 919.422.7213
❖ If Ronnie Whites Towing is unavailable, please use the phone number located on the back
side of the vehicles fuel card for Roadside Assistance. If towed, and if needed the vehicle can
be secured in the Public Works main parking lot.
Note: Please notify Fleet Maintenance via the appropriate email address above of the vehicle
status.
Out of Town Breakdown/Emergencies:
❖ Please use the phone number located on the back side of the vehicles fuel card for Roadside
Assistance.
Note: Please notify Fleet Maintenance via the appropriate email address above of the vehicle status.
While visiting the shop please be reminded to minimize time spent in the work bay area. This is for
safety, and to provide accurate efficient service. We have a conference table and a desk located in the
Fleet Office for your use while waiting for service. Please follow all Town policy's regarding Covid
while visiting the shop.
The above information is intended as the Town's base guidelines for all employees. If your
department and/or Division has a specific process, or policy please follow those as they apply.

TOWN of
WAKE FOREST
PUBLIC WORKS
Training Plan
Name 1 Type of
Training Fluids ill response-7 steps of spill clean u
Proposed Date(s) From 6 1112021 To 6/11/2021
Trainer/s No. in Group 7
Keith Trutt
Particip
1. Chad
2. Keith
3. Marci
4. Neal
5. Chris
6. Dean
7. Brent
J
Workshop / training Objectives
• Learn the proper steps to contain and clean fluid spills
• Location of spill response kits- West side of on the North and South
ends of the building)
• Review components within each kit and its specific purpose
• Proper disposal of products used to contain and clean spill

Activities and Leaming Strategies
• Review Location of spill kits
• Review contents of spill kits
• Practice a simulated spill, what products to use and proper dis
Materials Needed
• Training video -"Pig Spill Drill"
• Spill control kits

- TOWN of
WAKE FOREST
PUBLIC WORKS
Training Plan
Name Fluid Spill Response — 7 steps of spill clean-up
Proposed Date(s) I From 2/17/2020 1 To 2/17/2020
Brent DrendallT
Participants / Team Members
1. Brent Drendall • �'�
2. Chad Butler
3. Chris Magaha��—
4. Dean Pelt
Workshop / Training Objectives
No. in Group 4
Brent Drendall reviewed the following on 2/17/2020 @ 8:10am:
Learn the proper steps to contain and clean fluid spills
- Location of spill response kits — (West side of building on the North and South
ends of building)
• Review components within each kit and its specific purpose.
- Proper disposal of product used to contain and clean spill
Page 1 of 2

Activvfies and Learning Strategies
• Review locations of spill kits
• Review contents of spill kits
• Practice a simulated spill, what products to use and proper disposal
3 '
i
Materials Used in Training
• Training Video — "Pig Spill Drill" - 7 steps of spill clean-up video
• Spill control kits
Page 2 of 2

NOBLE
OIL SERVICES
Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering: 7/1/2020 through 6/30/2021
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServiceNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Drum
01/25/2021 3 $187,00
06/01/2021 0 $0.00
Total Per Service 3 $187.00
Service: Oil
11/18/2020 710 $0.00
05/19/2021 663 $0.00
Total Per Service 1.373 $0.00
Service: Parts Washer
07/15/2020 $199.00
08/15/2020
09/15/2020
10/15/2020
11/15/2020
12/15/2020
— 01/15/2021
0211512021
03/15/2021
04/15/2021
05115/2021
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
$199,00
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
0611512021 $199.00
Total Per Service $2,388.00
Total Per Location 1.376 $2,576.00
Gallons Price
Grand Total 1,376 $2,575.00
111MSlr.RIIRaR6�l4FrMt..lY l�1l�/GISfL 9Nks %lYww�ik•— - � . = k = �"'�'r.�i+.�'F.S1C?kNY}�R'illlPJ
Tuesday, November 2, 2021 Page I of 1

NOBLE
OIL SERVICES
Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering: 1/1/2020 through 10/12/2020
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServiceNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Oil 7�77
05/20/2020 609 $0.00
~� Total Per Service 609 $0.00
Service: Parts Washer
01/1512020 $199.00
02/1512020 $199.00
03/1512020
04/15/2020
$199.00
$199.00
_ — 05115/2020
$199.00
06115/2020
07/15/2020
$199.00
$199.00
06/15/2020
$199.00
09/15/2020
$199.00
Total Per Service $1,791.00
Service: Per Stop Fee
05/20/2020 1 $30.00
Total Per Service 1 $30.00
Total Per Location 610 $1,621.00
Gallons Price
Grand Total 610 $1,821.00
Monday, October l2, 2020 Page 1 of I

160
NOBLE
S@
Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering: 111 /2017 through 5/11 /2020
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServiceNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Antifreeze
1425782
07/05/2017
115
$0.00
1541016
03/06/2018
10
$0.00
154W98
08/22/2018
15
$0.00
1647558
03/13/2019
14
$0.00
—
12/04/2019
25
a$0.00
Total Per Service
179
$0.00
Service: Drum
1382825
06/13/2017
4
$90,00
1441753
09/05/2017
— 1
$20.00
1525056
04/23/2018
2
$125.00
1488027
09/24/2018
2
$45.00
1353045
10123/2018
2
$45.00
Total Per Service 11 $325.00
Service: Oil
1425782 07/05/2017 384 $0.00
1541016 03/06/2018 617 $0.00
1548698 08/22/2018
497
1647558 03/13/2019
12/04/2019
584
857
$0.00
$0.00
KOO
Total Per Service 2,939 $0.00
Service: Parts Washer
01/15/2017 $199,00
02/15/2017 $199,00 - —
03/15/2017 $199.00
Monday, May It, 2020
04/15/2017
05/15/2017
$199.00
$199.00
Page 1 of 3

Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering: 1/1/2017 through 5/11/2020
Location: TEW 100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServiceNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Parts Washer
06/15/2017 $199.00
07/15/2017 $199.00 w
08/15/2017 $199.00
0911512017
$199.00
10/15/2017
$199.00
11/15/2017
$199.00
12/15/2017
$199.00
01/15/2018
$199.00
02/15/2018
$199.00
03/15/2018
$199.00
04/15/2018
$199.00
05/15/2018
$199.00
06/15/2018
$199.00
07/15/2018
$199.00
08/15/2018
$199.00
09/15/2018
$199.00
10/15/2018
$199.00
11/15/2018 —
$199.00
1211512018
— $199.00
01/15/2019
— $199.00
02/15/2019
— $199.00
03/1512019
$199,00
04115/2019
.� $199.00
05/15/2019
$199.00
06/15/2019
$199.00
07/15/2019
$199.00
08/15/2019
$199.00
09/15/2019
$199.00
10115/2019
$199.00
11/15/2019
$199.00
12 I512019
$199.00
Monday, May 11, 2020
Page 2 of 3

Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering. 1/1/2017 through 5/11/2020
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServiceNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Parts Washer
01115/2020 $199.00
02/15/2020
03/15/2020
04/15/2020
$199.00
$199.00
$199.00
Total Per Service
$7,960.00
Service: Per Stop Fee
1425762
07/05/2017
i
$125.00
1647558
03/13/2019
— — 1 --
$125.00
12/04/2019
1
$30.00
Total Per Service
3
$280.00
Service: Separator
1672944
04/12/2019
1,127
$1,154.00
Total Per Service 1,127 $1,154.00
Total Per Location
Grand Total
4,269
$9,719.00
Gallons
Price
4,259
$9,719.00
Monday, May 11, 2020 Page 3 of 3

n
N13B�..E
OIL SERVICES®
Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering; 1/1/2016 through 12/31/2016
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST WAKE FOREST
ServkeNum Service Date Units Price
Service: Druun
1117318
01126MOI B
2
$50.00
1266439
02/11/2015
3
$150.00
Total Per Service
5
$200.00
Service: Oil-
1277985
02/25/2016
670
$134.00
1409494 Y
121 M016
~A 1,110
$333.00
r
Total Per Service
1,780
$467.00
Service: Parts Washer
01/15/2016
$199.00
0211 W016 -
$199.00
03115r2016 -
-
$199.00
0411512016
$199.00
05/15/2018 -
$199.00
06/1512016
$199.00T m
07116n016
$199.00
0811 SM016
$199.00
�—
09/15M016
-
$199.00
-
10/15/2016 4
$199.00 -
11115/2016 --
$199,00
- -
12115/2016
$199.00
Total Per Service
$2,368.00
Service: Separator
1263699
0411 MO16
1.498
$952.34
1306145
05/OW016
210
$301.54
MondgV, January 09, 2017
Total Per Service 1,708 $1,253.66
Page 1 of 2

Consolidated Service Report
Period Covering: 1/1/2016 through 12/31/2016
Location: TEW100 TOWN OF WAKE FOREST
WAKE FOREST
ServkeNum Service Date Units Price
Total Per Location 3AN
$4.30e.M
Gallons
Grand Total 3,493
Price
$4,308.88
Monday, January 09, 2017 Pose 2 of 2

Town of Wake Forest
Fleet Maintenance
SLIPS, TRIPS, FALLS - REDUCING RISK AND AVOIDING INJURY
Slips, trips, and falls are the main causes of work -related accidents. Most of these types of accidents can
prevented with improved housekeeping, maintenance of walking surfaces, and remaining alert to the worF
surroundings. This SOP provides recommendations for abating hazards that may result in slip, trip, and fe
accidents.
General Housekeeping
• Service bay(s) shall be inspected immediately after a vehicle has been removed from said
bay(s) by the driver for any potential injury risks. If any are found, then proper procedures to
remove the risk shall be followed.
• Keep passageways and stairways free of debris, boxes, and other moveable items (i.e.,
cartons, parts, etc.).
• Avoid placement of items in traffic ways.
• Maintain floors in a clean and dry condition. Use wet floor signs to warn others of hazardous
conditions. During inclement weather, use "Caution - Wet Floor" signs at building entrances as
appropriate.
• Clean spills of water, oil, and other liquids immediately. Use "Caution — Wet Floor" sign until
dry.
• Avoid placement of cords in travel paths.
• Do not leave doors, drawers, file cabinets, etc. ajar.
• Avoid slippery floor surfacing materials.
• Report burnt out lighting or inadequate lighting to the Building Facilities Maintenance portal
"Facility Dude".
• Report outdoor slippery or uneven areas to Landscape Services (e.g., ice accumulations or
water pooling on sidewalks, buckled sidewalks, etc.).
Handrails and Ladders
• Use handrails in stairways
• Use ladders that are in good condition and properly rated. Use them only in the manner
intended. Do not use make -shift ladders (i.e., chairs, stools, stacked boxes, etc.).
Safe Personal Practices
• Wear shoes that are sturdy and not prone to slipping. That are of the correct safety standards
for shop use.
• Walk at a reasonable pace and be aware of your surroundings.
• Do not lean or tilt back in chairs.
• Do not try to carry loads that are too heavy or that obstruct your view.
• Use handrails when on stairs. Take stairs at a safe pace and only one at a time.
Brent Drendall, Fleet Manager —Town of Wake Forest Revised 11/20/20

POLLUTION PREVENTION FACT SHEET:
AUTOMOBILE MAINTENANCE
Description
This pollution prevention measure involves creating a program of targeted outreach and training for
businesses involved in automobile maintenance regarding practices that control pollutants and
reduce stormwater impacts. Automotive maintenance facilities are considered to be stormwater
"hotspots" where significant loads of hydrocarbons, trace metals and other pollutants can be
produced that can affect the quality of stormwater runoff. For more information see Cars are
Leading Source of Metal Loads in California, Article 6 in The Practice of Watershed Protection.
Some of the types of waste generated at automobile maintenance facilities and by residents
performing their own car maintenance at home include:
solvents (paints and paint thinners)
antifreeze
brake fluid and brake lining
batteries
motor oils
fuels (gasoline, diesel, kerosene)
lubricating grease
It has been estimated that each year over 180 million gallons of used oil is disposed of improperly
(Alameda CCWP, 1992) and that a single quart of motor oil can pollute 250,000 gallons of drinking
water. For this reason, automotive maintenance facilities are highly regulated with respect to
discharges to storm and sanitary sewer systems. Fluid spills and improper disposal of materials
result in pollutants, heavy metals and toxic materials entering ground and surface water supplies,
creating public health and environmental risks. Alteration of practices involving the cleanup and
storage of automotive fluids and cleaning of vehicle parts can help reduce the influence of
automotive maintenance practices on stormwater runoff and local water supplies (Purdue Research
Foundation, 1996).
Applicability
The automotive repair industry is the leader in number of generators and amount of total waste
produced for small quantity generators of hazardous waste in the United States (US EPA, 1985).
Common activities at maintenance shops that generate this waste include the cleaning of parts,
changing of vehicle fluids, and replacement and repair of equipment. These activities are also
performed by residents at home in their driveway in the course of normal vehicle care. Since the use
of automobiles is not limited by geographic or climatic conditions, maintenance facilities are present
nationwide and the concerns involving waste created during vehicle repair are similar across the
country. In ultra urban areas, the impacts of automotive maintenance practices are more pronounced
due to the greater concentrations of vehicles and higher levels of impervious surface.

Design Considerations
The most effective way to minimize the impacts of automotive maintenance generated waste is by
avoiding its production in the first place. Pollution prevention programs seeking to reduce liquid
discharges to sewer and storm drains from automotive maintenance should stress techniques that
allow facilities to run a dry shop. Among the suggestions for creating a dry operation:
Do not use water for clean up whenever possible and clean up spills immediately.
Seal off floor drains that are connected to the sanitary sewer.
Hire a solvent service to supply parts cleaning materials, and to collect the spent solvent.
Facilities that are not able to eliminate discharges to the sanitary sewer system may be required to
treat their wastewater prior to release from the site. Some municipalities require the use of structural
treatment devices to pretreat wastes before they are discharged for treatment at sewage treatment
plants. These devices prevent oils and grease from entering the sewer system, often by separating
the oil and solids from the water through settling or filtration.
Other methods are available to help prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from vehicle
maintenance. Table 1 lists some of the common suggestions that can reduce vehicle maintenance
and repair impacts. Many of these practices apply both to business owners and to residents who
maintain their own vehicles. This list is not comprehensive, and many other ideas for reducing
impacts are available to those responsible for managing stormwater runoff from maintenance
facilities.
RecommendationsTable 1.
Pollution Prevention Method
Suggested Activities
Waste Reduction
The number of solvents used should be kept to a minimum to make
recycling easier and to reduce hazardous waste management cost.
Do all liquid cleaning at a centralized station to ensure solvents and
residues stay in one area.
Locate drip pans and draining boards to direct solvents back into
solvent sink or holding tank for reuse.
Using Safer Alternatives
Use non -hazardous cleaners when possible.
Replace chlorinated organic solvents with non -chlorinated ones like
kerosene or mineral spirits.
Recycled products such as engines oil, transmission fluid, antifreeze,
and hydraulic fluid can be purchased if available to support the
market of recycled products.
Spill Clean Up
Use as little water as possible to clean spills, leaks, and drips.
Rags should be used to clean small spills, dry absorbent material For
larger spills, and a mop for general cleanup. Mop water can be
disposed of via the sink or toilet to the sanitary sewer.
Good Housekeeping
Employee training and public outreach are necessary to reinforce
proper disposal practices.
Conduct maintenance work such as fluid changes indoors.
Update facility schematics to accurately reflect all plumbing

Parked vehicles should be monitored closely for leaks and pans
placed under any leaks to collect the fluids for proper disposal or
recycling.
Promptly transfer used fluids to recycling drums or hazardous waste
containers.
Do not pour liquid waste down floor drains, sinks, or outdoor storm
drain inlets.
Obtain and use drain mats to cover drains in the event of a spill.
Store cracked batteries in leakproof secondary containers.
Parts Cleaning Use detergent based or water based cleaning systems instead of
organic solvent degreasers.
Steam cleaning and pressure washing may be used instead of
solvent parts cleaning. The wastewater generated from steam
cleaning should be discharged to a pretreatment structure.
Limitations
There are a number of limitations to implementing every recommendation for automotive
maintenance facilities. Space and time constraints may make performing work indoors unfeasible.
Containment of spills from vehicles brought on -site after working hours may not be possible. Proper
disposal education for employees must continually be updated. Installation of structural treatment
practices for pretreatment of wastewater discharges can be expensive. Prices for recycled materials
and fluids may be higher than those of non -recycled materials. Some facilities can be limited by a
lack of providers of recycled materials, and by the absence of businesses to provide services such as
hazardous waste removal, structural treatment practice maintenance or solvent equipment and
solvent recycling.
Maintenance Considerations
For facilities responsible for pre -treating their wastewater prior to discharging, the proper
functioning of structural treatment practices is an important maintenance consideration. Routine
cleanout of oil and grease is required for the devices to maintain their effectiveness, usually at least
once a month. During periods of heavy rainfall, cleanout is required more often to ensure pollutants
are not washed through the trap. Sediment removal is also required on a regular basis to keep the
device working efficiently.
Effectiveness
The effectiveness of automobile maintenance pollution prevention practices at removing pollutants
is difficult to quantify. However, there are studies that demonstrate the effect pollution prevention
practices can have in reducing impacts from automotive fluids. A 1994 study of auto recycling
facilities demonstrates the effect using management practices can have on reducing stormwater
toxicity and pollutant loads. Through the use of structural and non-structural management practices,
the study facility was able to reduce concentrations of lead, oil and grease to levels approaching US
EPA benchmarks.

A program that has had great success in controlling contaminated flows from vehicle maintenance
facilities is the Clean Bay Business Program in Palo Alto, California. In exchange for allowing
inspectors to visit a facility once a year and implementing recommended management practices, the
facility is designated as a Clean Bay Business. This entitles the facility to promotional tools like
listings twice a year in full page newspaper ads, decals for shop windows, and other Clean Bay
Business materials. Other promotions involving prize drawings and discount coupon giveaways
help generate business for the facilities in the program. The effectiveness of the program at creating
behavioral changes is evident in the increase in the number of facilities that have received the Clean
Bay Business designation. In 1992 when the program began, only four percent of businesses used
all of the recommended management practices. By 1998, ninety-four percent of businesses had
instituted the practices suggested (NRDC, 1999).
The effectiveness of those program at altering behaviors detrimental to stormwater is impressive.
After participation in the program, the changes facilities made had the following impacts:
78 direct discharges to storm drains were eliminated by ceasing or modifying the practices
used for activities such as parking lot cleaning, vehicle washing, and wet sanding.
Violations of storm drain protection requirements fell by 90% from 1992 through 1995.
The number of shops conducting outdoor removal of vehicle fluids without secondary
containment fell from 43 to 4.
The initial per facility cost for the program was approximately $300, with a cost of $150 for
subsequent years. This cost includes inspector visits and follow-up work, outreach materials,
mailing list and database management. The program has been expanded to include auto parts stores
and outreach to local high school and adult education repair classes.
References
Alameda Countywide Clean Water Program (CCWP). 1992. Keeping it all in tune: Car repair and
pollution prevention. Alameda Countywide Clean Water Program. Hayward, CA.
Camp Dresser & McKee, et al. 1993. California Storm Water Industrial./Commercial Best
Management Practice Handbook. Stormwater Quality Task Force. Sacramento, CA.
Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 1995. Auto Recyclers - Onsite BMP's Mitigate Urban
Runoff Hotspots. Watershed Protection Techniques. 1(4).
Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). 1999. StormwaterStrategies: Community Responses
to Runoff Pollution. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. New York, NY.
Purdue Research Foundation. 1996. Motor Oil Facts. Produced in cooperation with the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Purdue Research Foundation. West Lafayette, IN.
Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program. 1992. Best Management Practices
for Automotive -Related Industries: Practices for Sanitary Sewer Discharges and Storm

Water Pollution Control. Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program.
San Jose, CA.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). 1985. Survey of Small Quantity
Generators. US EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. Washington, DC.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). 1991. Guides to Pollution Prevention:
The Automotive Repair Industry. US EPA, Office of Research and Development.
Cincinnati, OH.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). July 1992. Storm Water Management
for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management
Practices. US EPA, Office of Wastewater Compliance. Washington, DC.

rm
Wake Forest Public Works Operations Center
234 Friendship Chapel Road
Wake Forest, NC 27587